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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (20 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Canning, David Infrastructure's Contribution to Aggregate Output
    Keywords: Capital ; Economic Growth ; Economic Theory and Research ; Externalities ; Externality ; Human Capital ; Income ; Income Levels ; Inputs ; Investment ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Marginal Productivity ; Marginal Products ; Outcomes ; Prices ; Production ; Production Function ; Productivity ; Social Protections and Labor ; Taxation ; Telecommunications ; Theory ; Total Factor Productivity ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Variables ; Capital ; Economic Growth ; Economic Theory and Research ; Externalities ; Externality ; Human Capital ; Income ; Income Levels ; Inputs ; Investment ; Labor Policies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Marginal Productivity ; Marginal Products ; Outcomes ; Prices ; Production ; Production Function ; Productivity ; Social Protections and Labor ; Taxation ; Telecommunications ; Theory ; Total Factor Productivity ; Transport ; Transport Economics, Policy and Planning ; Variables
    Abstract: Of the major kinds of physical infrastructure, electricity generating capacity has roughly the same marginal productivity as physical capital as a whole. So have roads-plus-rail, globally and in lower-income countries. Telephones, however, and transport routes in higher-income countries, have higher marginal productivity than other kinds of capital. - Using panel data for a cross-section of countries, Canning estimates an aggregate production function that includes infrastructure capital. He finds that: · The productivity of physical and human capital is close to the levels suggested by microeconomic evidence on their private returns. · Electricity generating capacity and transportation networks have roughly the same marginal productivity as capital as a whole. · Telephone networks appear to show higher marginal productivity than other types of capital. Panel data cointegration methods used in estimation take account of the nonstationary nature of the data, are robust to reverse causation, and allow for different levels of productivity and different short-run business-cycle and multiplier relationships across countries. This paper - a product of Public Economics, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to study the impact of public expenditures. The study was funded by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project Infrastructure and Growth: A Multicountry Panel Study (RPO 680-89). The author may be contacted at d.canningqub.ac.uk
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9781464808234
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (220 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: Africa Development Forum
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Child Mortality ; Economic Growth ; Fertility ; Health ; Investment ; Population
    Abstract: Resume : L'Afrique est sur le bord d'un lancement potentiel de croissance economique soutenue. Cette ascension peut etre acceleree par un dividende demographique du aux changements dans la structure par age de la population. Les baisses de la mortalite infantile, suivies par la baisse de la fecondite, produisent une generation renflement et un grand nombre de personnes d'age actif, donnant un coup de pouce a l'economie. Dans le court terme, une fecondite plus faible engendre une baisse des taux de dependance des jeunes et une plus grande participation de la population active feminine en dehors de la maison. La reduction de la taille de la famille signifie egalement qu'il reste davantage de ressources a investir dans la sante et l'education par enfant, augmentant ainsi la productivite future des travailleurs. Au long terme, une duree de vie accrue resultant de l'amelioration dans le domaine de la sante signifie que cette vaste cohorte aux gains eleves sera egalement desireuse d'epargner pour la retraite ainsi que pour la creation de l'epargne et des investissements plus consequents, conduisant ainsi a d'autres gains de productivite. Deux choses sont necessaires pour que le dividende demographique genere un decollage economique de l'Afrique. La premiere consiste a accelerer la baisse de la fecondite qui est actuellement au point mort ou lente dans de nombreux pays. La seconde est les politiques economiques qui profitent de l'occasion offerte par le changement de la demographie. Alors que l'evolution demographique peut produire plus, et des travailleurs de meilleure qualite, cette main-d'cuvre potentielle doit etre employee si l'Afrique se doit de recolter le dividende. Cependant, une fois en route, la relation entre l'evolution demographique et le developpement humain fonctionne dans les deux sens, c'est-a-dire qu'elle cree un cercle vertueux susceptible d'accelerer la baisse de la fecondite, le developpement social et la croissance economique. Les recherches scientifiques montrent trois facteurs cles pour accelerer la transition de la fecondite: la sante des enfants, l'education des femmes et l'autonomisation des femmes, notamment par l'acces a la planification familiale. Exploiter le dividende demographique necessite la creation d'emplois pour les grandes cohortes de jeunes qui entrent en age de travailler et qui stimulent les investissements etrangers jusqu'a faire augmenter l'epargne interieure et l'investissement. La combinaison appropriee de politiques dans chaque pays depend de leur stade de transition demographique. Etant la derniere region a subir la transition demographique, l'Afrique peut tirer les lecons des reussites et des echecs des autres regions dans l'exploitation d'un dividende demographique. Le succes exige (i) l'acceleration de la transition demographique; (ii) une economie dynamique produisant des revenus et des investissements plus eleves pour une jeunesse mieux eduquee et en meilleure sante
    Note: Description based on print version record
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9781464804908 , 9781464804892
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (Seiten cm)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 304.6/20967
    RVK:
    Keywords: Demographic transition ; Age distribution (Demography) ; Demographic transition Economic aspects ; Economic development ; Demographie ; Subsaharisches Afrika ; Subsaharisches Afrika ; Demographie
    Abstract: Overview --The state of demographics in Sub-Saharan Africa --Speeding the demographic transition --Selected social and economic effects of the demographic dividend --Afterword
    Note: "October 23, 2014.
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 4
    ISBN: 0833029266
    Language: English
    Pages: XVII, 106 S , graph. Darst
    Series Statement: MR / Rand 1274
    Series Statement: WFHF/DLPF/RF/UNPF
    Series Statement: Population matters
    DDC: 304.62
    RVK:
    Keywords: Bevölkerungswachstum ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Bevölkerungspolitik ; Welt ; Demographic transition ; Age distribution (Demography) ; Population ; Fertility, Human ; Economic development ; Demographic transition Developing countries ; Graue Literatur ; Graue Literatur ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Entwicklungsländer ; Demographie ; Geburtenentwicklung ; Bevölkerungspolitik
    URL: Cover
    URL: Cover
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  • 5
    ISBN: 0833029266 , 0833033735 , 9780833029263 , 9780833033734
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 106 p.)
    Series Statement: Online Rand research documents
    DDC: 304.6/2
    Keywords: SOCIAL SCIENCE / Demography ; Age distribution (Demography) ; Demographic transition ; Economic development ; Fertility, Human ; Population ; Entwicklungsländer ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Demographic transition ; Age distribution (Demography) ; Population ; Fertility, Human ; Economic development ; Demographic transition ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Note: "Population Matters, a RAND program of policy-relevant research communication.". - "MR-1274-WFHF/DLPF/RF/UNPF"--P. [4] cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-98) and index , The Debate Over the Effects of Population Growth on Economic Growth -- Demographic Transitions and the "Demographic Dividend" -- Case Studies of Population Change and Economic Growth -- The Importance of the Policy Environment -- Conclusions , There is a long-standing debate on how population growth affects national economies. A new report from Population Matters examines the history of this debate and synthesizes current research on the topic. The authors, led by Harvard economist David Bloom, conclude that population age structure, more than size or growth per se, affects economic development, and that reducing high fertility can create opportunities for economic growth if the right kinds of educational, health, and labor-market policies are in place. The report also examines specific regions of the world and how their differing policy environments have affected the relationship between population change and economic development
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  • 6
    Book
    Book
    Washington, DC : World Bank Group
    ISBN: 9781464804892
    Language: English
    Pages: XXIX, 182 S. , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Africa development forum
    DDC: 304.6/20967
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Demographischer Übergang ; Subsahara-Afrika ; Demographic transition ; Demographic transition Economic aspects ; Age distribution (Demography) ; Economic development ; Africa, Sub-Saharan Population ; Graue Literatur ; Afrika ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Sozioökonomischer Wandel ; Frau ; Empowerment ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Bildungspolitik
    Description / Table of Contents: Overview -- The state of demographics in Sub-Saharan Africa -- Speeding the demographic transition -- Selected social and economic effects of the demographic dividend -- Afterword.
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9781464804908 , 9781464804892
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    DDC: 304.6/20967
    Abstract: Overview --The state of demographics in Sub-Saharan Africa --Speeding the demographic transition --Selected social and economic effects of the demographic dividend --Afterword.
    Note: "October 23, 2014
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  • 8
    Article
    Article
    Associated volumes
    In:  Population aging, intergenerational transfers and the macroeconomy (2007), Seite 67-97 | year:2007 | pages:67-97
    ISBN: 1847200990
    Language: English
    Pages: graph. Darst.
    Titel der Quelle: Population aging, intergenerational transfers and the macroeconomy
    Publ. der Quelle: Cheltenham[u.a.] : Edward Elgar, 2007
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2007), Seite 67-97
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2007
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:67-97
    Keywords: 1992 ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Alternde Bevölkerung ; Lebenszyklus ; Altersvorsorge ; Sparen ; Sparförderung ; Sterblichkeit ; USA ; Aufsatz im Buch
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    s.l. : World Bank Publications
    ISBN: 9781464804892
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (217 p)
    Parallel Title: Print version Canning, David Africa's Demographic Transition : Dividend or Disaster?
    DDC: 304.6/20967
    Keywords: Age distribution (Demography) - Africa, Sub-Saharan ; Age distribution (Demography) - Africa, Sub-Saharan ; Demographic transition ; Africa, Sub-Saharan ; Africa, Sub-Saharan ; Population ; Demographic transition ; Economic aspects ; Africa, Sub-Saharan ; Electronic books ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Cover -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- About the Editors and Contributors -- Abbreviations -- Overview -- Introduction -- Demographic Dividend or Disaster -- Demographic Dynamics in Africa -- Slow Declines in Fertility -- Variations in the Fertility Transition -- Speeding up the Transition -- Encouraging Smaller Families -- Changing Social Norms and Gender Equality -- Delaying the Age of Marriage and Planning Families -- Human Development Payoffs -- Better Child and Maternal Health -- Investments in Girls' Education -- Jobs Payoffs -- Changing Age Structure -- More Women in the Workforce -- Economic Growth in Africa -- How the Age Structure Can Drive Growth -- Savings Payoffs -- Investment Payoffs -- What the Demographic Dividend Could Deliver -- Policies to Speed up the Demographic Transition -- Policies to Reap the Demographic Dividend -- Notes -- References -- 1 The State of Demographics in Sub-Saharan Africa -- Introduction -- Population and Economic Development -- The Demographic Transition in East Asia and Latin America -- Population Trends in Sub-Saharan Africa -- Demographic Trends within Sub-Saharan Africa -- Implications for the Demographic Dividend -- Notes -- References -- 2 Speeding the Demographic Transition -- Introduction -- Child Health and Fertility -- Female Education and Fertility -- Social Norms and Fertility -- Gender Equity and Fertility -- Female Labor Market Opportunities and Fertility -- Urbanization and Fertility -- Proximate Determinants of Fertility -- Effective Family Planning: Barriers, Costs, and Public Subsidies -- Notes -- References -- 3 Education Effects of the Demographic Dividend -- Trends in Schooling and Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa -- Fertility and Investments in Education -- Pathways of Achieving a School Dividend.
    Description / Table of Contents: Cover -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- About the Editors and Contributors -- Abbreviations -- Overview -- Introduction -- Demographic Dividend or Disaster -- Demographic Dynamics in Africa -- Slow Declines in Fertility -- Variations in the Fertility Transition -- Speeding up the Transition -- Encouraging Smaller Families -- Changing Social Norms and Gender Equality -- Delaying the Age of Marriage and Planning Families -- Human Development Payoffs -- Better Child and Maternal Health -- Investments in Girls' Education -- Jobs Payoffs -- Changing Age Structure
    Description / Table of Contents: More Women in the Workforce -- Economic Growth in Africa -- How the Age Structure Can Drive Growth -- Savings Payoffs -- Investment Payoffs -- What the Demographic Dividend Could Deliver -- Policies to Speed up the Demographic Transition -- Policies to Reap the Demographic Dividend -- Notes -- References -- 1 The State of Demographics in Sub-Saharan Africa -- Introduction -- Population and Economic Development -- The Demographic Transition in East Asia and Latin America -- Population Trends in Sub-Saharan Africa -- Demographic Trends within Sub-Saharan Africa
    Description / Table of Contents: Implications for the Demographic Dividend -- Notes -- References -- 2 Speeding the Demographic Transition -- Introduction -- Child Health and Fertility -- Female Education and Fertility -- Social Norms and Fertility -- Gender Equity and Fertility -- Female Labor Market Opportunities and Fertility -- Urbanization and Fertility -- Proximate Determinants of Fertility -- Effective Family Planning: Barriers, Costs, and Public Subsidies -- Notes -- References -- 3 Education Effects of the Demographic Dividend -- Trends in Schooling and Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa
    Description / Table of Contents: Fertility and Investments in Education -- Pathways of Achieving a School Dividend -- Decomposition Analysis: Demographic Changes and Educational Resources per Child -- Policies to Reap Africa's Promising Schooling Dividend -- Notes -- References -- 4 Economic Effects of the Demographic Dividend -- Trends in Africa's Recent Economic Performance -- Jobs Payoffs -- Savings and Investment Payoffs -- Modeling Economic Growth and the Demographic Dividend: Simulation Results for Nigeria -- Policies to Reap Africa's Promising Economic Dividends -- Notes -- References -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E
    Description / Table of Contents: F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- W -- Y -- Z -- Boxes -- O.1 Cohort Size and Youth Unemployment -- 1.1 The Challenges of Fixed Global Resources and Environmental Degradation -- 2.1 The Effect of Education Reform on Teenage Fertility in Ethiopia -- Figures -- O.1 Four Stages of the Demographic Transition in Sweden, 1750-2010 -- O.2 Actual and Projected Ratio of Working-Age Population 16-64 Years of Age to Dependents in Select World Regions, 1950-2100 -- O.3 Under-Five Mortality Rate in Select World Regions, 1960-2012
    Description / Table of Contents: O.4 Total Fertility Rate in Select World Regions, 1960-2012
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 10
    Language: English
    Pages: VII, 33 S. , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Working paper / Commission on Growth and Development 32
    DDC: 305.2601
    Keywords: Alternde Bevölkerung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Welt ; Arbeitspapier ; Buch ; Graue Literatur ; Als Aufsatz endgültig erschienen
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 30 - 33
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