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  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (845)
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  • 101
    ISBN: 9789264085626
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
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    Keywords: Regulierung ; Finnland ; Governance ; Finland ; Finnland ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Finland, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 102
    ISBN: 9789264079588
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (320 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Investment reform index 2010
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    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Südosteuropa ; Finance and Investment ; Albania ; Bosnia and Herzegovina ; Bulgaria ; Croatia ; Moldova, Republic of ; Montenegro ; North Macedonia ; Romania ; Serbia ; Südosteuropa ; Investitionspolitik ; Direktinvestition
    Abstract: Using an innovative methodology, the Investment Reform Index 2010 (IRI 2010) monitors investment-related policy reforms in the economies of South-East Europe and compares these to best practices in the OECD area. Based on inputs from governments, the private sector, independent experts and multilateral organisations active in the region, the IRI 2010 assesses policies and institutional settings in eight fields of policy critical to domestic and foreign investors. These are: investment policy and promotion; human capital development; trade policy and facilitation; access to finance; regulatory reform and parliamentary processes; infrastructure for investment; tax policy analysis; and SME policy. For the economies examined, the IRI 2010 provides an independent and rigorous assessment of investment-related policy settings and reform against international good practice, guidance for policy reform and development and an evidence base with which to facilitate prioritisation of donor activities supporting investment and growth.
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  • 103
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264082120
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Estonia
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    Keywords: Arbeitsmarkt ; Sozialpolitik ; Estland ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Estonia ; Estland ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Beschäftigung ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; Sozialpolitik
    Abstract: OECD's comprehensive 2010 review of labour market and social policies in Estonia. It finds that since Estonia regained its independence in 1991, its labour and social policies have been marked by a strong commitment to fiscal prudence, flexible markets, and work incentives. Labour market performance steadily improved during the mid-1990s and beyond, until the advent of the global economic crisis in 2008. Estonia was not well prepared for the slowdown and its economy has been hit especially hard. The downturn has required painful policy adjustments. Today, Estonia’s public social spending remains among the lowest in the OECD; its social programmes support persons in need, but the benefits they receive are usually modest and some of the jobless receive no benefits. However, the country offers one of the world's most generous parental-benefit programmes and has begun to phase in a three-tier pension system.
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  • 104
    ISBN: 9789264088368
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Tackling inequalities in Brazil, China, India and South Africa
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    Keywords: Einkommensverteilung ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Sozialpolitik ; Brasilien ; China ; Indien ; Südafrika ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Brazil ; China, People’s Republic ; India ; South Africa ; Brasilien ; China ; Indien ; Südafrika ; Beschäftigung ; Einkommensverteilung ; Ungleichheit ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik
    Abstract: Greater integration into the world economy and important policy reforms have resulted in Brazil, China, India and South Africa becoming major actors in the globalisation process, with impressive results in terms of economic growth, social development and poverty reduction. But the benefits of stronger growth have not always been shared equally and income inequality has remained at very high levels. Existing evidence suggests that the evolution of the distribution of income in these four countries is the result of many forces. These include demographic change, migration, unequal access to education, informal employment, existing regulations and their enforcement, social norms and cultural legacy. These forces are often interlinked and reinforce one another. However, as employment is the primary source of income for most households, understanding the impact of labour market outcomes is crucial. This book focuses on the role of growth and employment/unemployment developments in explaining recent income inequality trends in Brazil, China, India and South Africa, and discusses the roles played by labour market and social policies in both shaping and addressing these inequalities. It includes the papers presented at the joint OECD and European Union High-Level Conference on Inequalities in Emerging Economies held in Paris in May 2010. This work is part of OECD’s ongoing dialogue and co-operation with non-member economies around the world.
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  • 105
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264082106
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Series Statement: Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Greece 2010
    DDC: 331.34
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    Keywords: Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Griechenland ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Greece ; Griechenland ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Jugendlicher Arbeitnehmer
    Abstract: Improving the performance of youth on the labour market is a crucial challenge in OECD countries facing persistent youth unemployment. Whatever the level of qualification, first experiences on the labour market have a profound influence on later working life. This report on Greece contains a survey of the main barriers to employment for young people, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to improve the transition from school to work, and a set of policy recommendations for further action by the public authorities and social partners. The report is based on the proceedings of a seminar and is published in English only. However, a French translation of the summary and main recommendations has been included in this volume.
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  • 106
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264067189
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (206 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of regulatory reform Australia 2010
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    Keywords: Regulierung ; Australien ; Governance ; Australia ; Australien ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This review of regulatory reform in Australia comes at the right time to capture the attention of the OECD community. Australia has successfully weathered the worst effects of the current economic crisis. The resilience of the Australian economy, in the face of the deepest and most widespread recession in over fifty years in OECD countries, can in part be attributed to Australia’s current and past regulatory reforms. Australia has built strong governance foundations for the development of good regulatory management and competition policies, which are likely to be conducive to economic growth. It aims to reinvigorate a wide agenda of national reforms and to embed past reform achievements in new working arrangements between the Commonwealth and the States. This reform agenda is likely to yield substantial economic benefits for years to come, but demands joint participation and commitment from both the Commonwealth and all States. Maintaining the momentum for reform is a critical challenge, which requires a strategic vision as well as strenuous efforts to promote change and to establish a culture of continuous regulatory improvement. Australia is one of many OECD countries to request a broad review by the OECD of its regulatory practices and reforms. This review presents a general picture , set within a macroeconomic context, of regulatory achievements and challenges, including regulatory quality at the Commonwealth level as well as across levels of government, competition policy and market openness. It also provides a special focus on Commonwealth-state relationships.
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  • 107
    ISBN: 9789264087408
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (230 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Competitiveness and Private Sector Development
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Competitiveness and private sector development
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    Keywords: Frühindikator ; Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Ägypten ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Wirtschaftsreform ; Politische Reform ; Gewerbepolitik ; Privatwirtschaft ; Situation ; Aktualität ; Entwicklung ; Tendenz ; Finance and Investment ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Egypt ; Ägypten ; Ägypten ; Wirtschaftsförderung ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Wirtschaftsprivatrecht
    Abstract: As part of a far-reaching programme of economic reforms, the Egyptian government is seeking to improve its business climate to attract more investment and stimulate growth and job creation. The Egyptian Ministry of Investment has asked the OECD to carry out an in-depth assessment of Egypt’s business climate to identify policy priorities and actions needed to foster more domestic, regional and international investment. This report presents the results of that assessment. It also highlights Egypt’s key reform priorities and describes the challenges and opportunities in improving Egypt's business climate to help Egypt realise its full potential as a high-growth economy. The OECD assessment is the first phase of a Business Climate Development Strategy (BCDS) which identifies policy priorities and proposes specific reforms and actions to enable Egypt to achieve measurable improvements in its business climate. One key finding is that Egypt’s investment and trade policy reforms have moved the country’s business climate closer to best practice in OECD economies. However, the report notes that to attract further private investment, Egypt needs to improve the country’s anti-corruption measures, skills development, infrastructure and access to finance, especially for the country's small-and-medium sized enterprises. BCDS Egypt offers specific recommendations on how policies, institutions and regulations can be improved to increase predictability for investors and make Egypt a prime investment destination. This review was carried out as part of the wider MENA-OECD Investment Programme. It uses a new BCDS methodology that evaluates the business climate in 12 policy areas and draws on core OECD instruments, such as the Policy Framework for Investment (PFI), which have been successfully applied in other countries. By helping countries prioritise their actions and build consensus among stakeholders, the BCDS process supports the successful implementation of reforms to develop the private sector in the MENA region.
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  • 108
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264083783
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2010
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    Keywords: Landwirtschaft ; Prognose
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  • 109
    ISBN: 9789264091320
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Tax Policy Studies no.19
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Cebreiro, Ana Choosing a broad base - low rate approach to taxation
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    Keywords: Steuerreform ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Steuervergünstigung ; OECD-Staaten ; Taxation ; Steuerpolitik ; Öffentlicher Haushalt ; Konsolidierung ; Steuerreform ; Besteuerungsgrundlage ; Steuersatz ; Bemessung
    Abstract: Many countries will likely face the need to increase tax revenues, as part of fiscal consolidation, during the next few years. But how is this best done? And what are the considerations when choosing between raising tax rates and broadening the tax base by scaling back or abolishing targeted tax provisions (such as allowances, exemptions and preferential rates)? This report aims to answer such questions by taking a close look at the economic and political factors that influence governments’ tax decisions. Although many countries have broadened their tax bases over the past 30 years, targeted tax provisions, notably tax expenditures, continue to be significant. Like public expenditure, targeted tax reliefs mean that (other) tax rates need to be higher in order to finance these reliefs. This report therefore discusses whether such tax provisions continue to be worthwhile. It includes an annex covering country-specific revenue forgone estimates of tax expenditures for selected OECD countries. This report also identifies political factors, including the lobbying of influential interest groups, as the main obstacles to base-broadening reforms, and it considers how reforms can be best packaged and presented to overcome such obstacles.
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  • 110
    ISBN: 9789264095830
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Open for business
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    Keywords: Unternehmer ; Unternehmensgründung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Industry and Services ; Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Entrepreneurship ; Einwanderer ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Migrants contribute to the economic growth of their host countries in many ways, bringing new skills and competencies with them and helping to reduce labour shortages. An aspect that has received only limited attention up to now is migrants’ contribution to entrepreneurial activity and employment creation in their host countries. In OECD countries, entrepreneurship is slightly higher among immigrants than natives and the total number of persons employed in migrant businesses is substantial, although the survival rate of these businesses is often lower than that of their native counterparts. Migrant entrepreneurship has gone beyond traditional ethnic businesses, into a wide range of sectors and innovative areas. Greater knowledge of migrant entrepreneurship is essential if policy makers are to better support migrant enterprises and their role in economic growth and job creation. In addition, increasing awareness of the positive role that migrants can play as entrepreneurs could contribute to a more balanced public debate on immigration. Taking a cross-country perspective, this publication sheds light on these issues and more, discussing policy options to foster the development and success of migrant businesses. It is a compilation of papers presented at a June 2010 conference organised by the OECD Secretariat, with the financial support of the Swedish and Turkish authorities, and the Dutch-Turkish Businessmen Association (HOTIAD).
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  • 111
    ISBN: 9789264084568
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
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    Keywords: Regulierung ; Niederlande ; Governance ; Netherlands ; Niederlande ; Regulierung ; Volkswirtschaft
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for the Netherlands, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 112
    ISBN: 9789264056701
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (84 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'emploi d'après mandat ; Bonnes pratiques en matière de prévention des conflits d'intérêts
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'emploi d'après mandat : Bonnes pratiques en matière de prévention des conflits d'intérêts
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Post-public employment
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    Keywords: Öffentlicher Sektor ; Privatwirtschaft ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Verwaltung ; Arbeitnehmer ; Berufliche Mobilität ; Privatwirtschaft
    Abstract: The movement of personnel between employment in the public and private sectors, referred to as the “revolving door” phenomenon, raises particular attention in the context of the response of governments to the financial and economic crisis. This OECD survey of 30 member countries shows that the vast majority of countries have established basic standards for preventing post-public employment conflict of interest. But few have tailored these standards to address risk areas and professions such as regulators or public procurement officials. Enforcing standards and imposing suitable sanctions remains a challenge for many countries. The principles presented in this volume serve as a point of reference for policy makers and managers to review and modernise post-public employment policies. It is part of the pathfinding efforts of the OECD to promote public sector integrity for cleaner, fairer and stronger economies.
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  • 113
    ISBN: 9789264084865
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'obésité et l'économie de la prévention ; Objectif santé
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'obésité et l'économie de la prévention : Objectif santé
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sassi, Franco Obesity and the economics of prevention
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    Keywords: Körpergewicht ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Übergewicht ; Wirtschaftliche Situation ; Prävention ; Fettsucht ; Prävention ; Gesundheitsökonomie
    Abstract: Before 1980, rates were generally well below 10%. They have since doubled or tripled in many countries, and in almost half of the OECD, 50% or more of the population is overweight. A key risk factor for numerous chronic diseases, obesity is a major public health concern. This book contributes to evidence-based policy making by exploring multiple dimensions of the obesity problem. It examines the scale and characteristics of the epidemic, the respective roles and influence of market forces and governments, and the impact of interventions. It outlines an economic approach to the prevention of chronic diseases that provides novel insights relative to a more traditional public health approach. The analysis was undertaken by the OECD, partly in collaboration with the World Health Organization. The main chapters are complemented by special contributions from health and obesity experts, including Marc Suhrcke, Tim Lobstein, Donald Kenkel and Francesco Branca. “a valuable set of results and suggestions about the best preventive interventions to reduce the burden of obesity.” – Julio Frenk, Dean, Harvard School of Public Health “The positive message of this book is that the obesity epidemic can be successfully addressed.” – Ala Alwan, Assistant Director-General, World Health Organization “innovative and well-researched” – Martin McKee, Professor, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine "A timely, valuable volume on a critical issue. Highly recommended."-Choice, July 2011
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  • 114
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264088818
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Optimiser les dépenses de santé
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Value for money in health spending
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    Keywords: Gesundheitskosten ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Gesundheitsausgaben ; Reform ; Kostendämpfung
    Abstract: Health spending continues to rise inexorably, growing faster than the economy in most OECD countries. Most of this spending comes from the public purse. Given the recent economic downturn, countries are looking for ways to improve the efficiency of health spending. This publication examines current efforts to improve health care efficiency, including tools that show promise in helping health systems provide the best care for their money, such as pay for performance, co-ordination of care, health technology assessment and clinical guidelines, pharmaceutical re-imbursement and risk-sharing agreements, and information and communication technology.
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  • 115
    ISBN: 9789264095687
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovative workplaces
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    Keywords: Lernende Organisation ; EU-Staaten ; Education ; Unternehmen ; Humankapital ; Personalpolitik ; Unternehmenskultur ; Innovationsbereitschaft ; Lernbereitschaft ; Europäische Union ; Organisatorisches Lernen ; Weiterbildung ; Organisationswandel
    Abstract: As human capital is the source of innovation, one of the policy principles of the OECD Innovation Strategy is to "foster innovative workplaces". Education and training systems must rise to the challenge of providing people with the means to learn and re-train throughout their life. Companies and organisations need to maximise the human resources they have at their disposal. Do employers make the best use of people’s skills for innovation? Are some work organisations more associated with innovation than others? If so, are these organisations more widespread in some countries than in others? Are they associated with particular labour market policies, managerial practices, learning cultures or certain levels of education? What are the challenges for innovation within organisations?This volume shows that interaction within organisations - as well as individual and organisational learning and training - are important for innovation. The analytical tools and empirical results this study provides show how some work organisations may foster innovation through the use of employee autonomy and discretion, supported by learning and training opportunities. Innovative Workplaces will be of interest to policy makers in the fields of education, employment and innovation as well as business leaders, academics and all readers interested in social issues.
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  • 116
    ISBN: 9789264095113
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mieux légiférer en Europe ; Luxembourg 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mieux légiférer en Europe : Luxembourg 2010
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
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    Keywords: Regulierung ; Luxemburg ; Governance ; Luxembourg ; Luxemburg ; Wirtschaft ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Luxembourg, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 117
    ISBN: 9789264095076
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
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    Keywords: Regulierung ; Spanien ; Governance ; Spain ; Spanien ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Spain, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 118
    ISBN: 9789264095090
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
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    Keywords: Regulierung ; Irland ; Governance ; Ireland ; Irland ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for the Ireland, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 119
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264056640
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (130 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Corporate Governance
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transparence et responsabilité ; Guide pour l'État actionnaire
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Accountability and transparency
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    Keywords: Corporate Governance ; Öffentliches Unternehmen ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Corporate Governance
    Abstract: Using this Guide will facilitate the practical implementation of the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises in the areas of transparency and accountability. It provides viable policy options and a step-by-step road map on how to address typical difficulties, risks and hurdles that may be encountered. It also provides concrete examples of good practices that can serve as a reference and inspiration. The Guide will help governments, their ownership entities and other stakeholders to evaluate existing practices and support reforms. In most countries, improving transparency and accountability in state-owned enterprises entails a number of complex challenges. Addressing these, with the help of this Guide, is an important step in the process of establishing well-governed and economically sound state-owned enterprises
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  • 120
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: 2010
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
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    Keywords: Regulierung ; Schweden ; Schweden ; Regulierung
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  • 121
    ISBN: 9789264085886
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bessere Rechtsetzung in Europa; Deutschland 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bessere Rechtsetzung in Europa: Deutschland 2010
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
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    Keywords: Regulierung ; Deutschland ; Governance ; Germany ; Deutschland ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Germany, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 122
    Language: English
    Edition: 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les liens entre les politiques agricoles et leurs effets sur l'environnement : Le modèle simplifié d'impact des politiques agroenvironnementales de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Linkages between agricultural policies and environmental effects
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    Keywords: Ökologischer Landbau ; Agrarpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Agrarpolitik ; Umweltschutz
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  • 123
    ISBN: 9789264087859
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
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    Keywords: Regulierung ; Belgien ; Governance ; Belgium ; Belgien ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Belgium, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 124
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264076907
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (242 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les dépenses fiscales dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. OECD Tax expenditures in OECD countries
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    Keywords: Steuervergünstigung ; OECD-Staaten ; Tax expenditures OECD countries ; Governance ; Taxation ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Steuervergünstigung ; Steuerbefreiung ; Steuerpolitik ; Effizienz
    Abstract: In all OECD countries, governments collect revenues through taxes and redistribute this public money, often by obligatory spending on social programmes such as education or health care. Their tax systems usually include “tax expenditures” – provisions that allow certain groups of people, such as small businessmen, retired people or working mothers, or those who have undertaken certain activities, such as charitable donations, to pay less in taxes. The use of tax expenditures by governments is pervasive and growing. At a time when many government budgets are threatened by population ageing and adverse cyclical developments, there is a pressing need to avoid inefficient government programmes, some of which may utilise tax expenditures. This book sheds light on the use of tax expenditures, mainly through a study of ten OECD countries: Canada, France, Germany, Japan, Korea, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States. This book will help government officials and the public better understand some of the technical and policy issues behind the use of tax expenditures. It highlights key trends and successful practices, and addresses a broad range of government finance issues, including tax policy making, tax and budget efficiency, fiscal responsibility and rule making.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Les dépenses fiscales dans les pays de l'OCDE
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  • 125
    ISBN: 9789264086876
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.)
    Edition: [Elektronische Ressource]
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Wreford, Anita Climate change and agriculture
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Landwirtschaft ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Klimaänderung ; Landwirtschaft ; Klimaänderung ; Landwirtschaft ; Treibhausgas ; Klimaänderung ; Landwirtschaft ; Entscheidung bei Unsicherheit
    Abstract: Climate change is likely to have significant impacts on the agricultural sector to which farmers will have to adapt. While agriculture is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, it is also a source of carbon storage in soils. This report examines the economic and policy issues related to the impacts of climate change on agriculture and adaptation responses and to the mitigation of greenhouse gases from agriculture. It outlines research undertaken and underway in other national and international research agencies. It also highlights some of the knowledge gaps on the impacts of climate change on food production and the uncertainties of those impacts in a global context that warrant further research efforts. In particular, the report analyses marginal abatement cost curves, which show the relative costs of achieving reductions in greenhouse gas emission through the implementation of different actions in the agricultural sector. The aim of the report is to help guide policy makers in the design of policies to address climate change issues in agriculture.
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  • 126
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: 2010
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The economic impact of export restrictions on raw materials
    RVK:
    Keywords: Rohstoff ; Exportbeschränkung ; Welt ; Rohstoffimport ; Handelshemmnis ; Handelspolitik ; Effizienz
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  • 127
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264096882
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (75 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Mutual Review of Development Effectiveness in Africa 2009; Promise and Performance
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Valutazione reciproca dell'efficacia dello sviluppo in Africa 2009; Promesse e risultati
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Mutual Review of Development Effectiveness in Africa 2009: Promise and Performance
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Valutazione reciproca dell'efficacia dello sviluppo in Africa 2009: Promesse e risultati
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: L’Examen mutuel de l’efficacité du développement en Afrique 2009 : Promesses et résultats,réalisé par la CEA-ONU et l’OCDE, apporte des réponses claires et précises aux quatre questions suivantes : Quels sont les principaux engagements souscrits par les pays africains et par leurs partenaires au développement ? Ces engagements ont-ils été respectés ? Quels sont les résultats obtenus à ce jour ? Quelles sont à présent les priorités pour l’avenir ?
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  • 128
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789282102688
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (556 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les perspectives du transport interurbain de personnes ; Rapprocher les citoyens
    RVK:
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Economic growth, trade and the concentration of population in large cities will intensify demand for interurban transport services. Concurrently, the need to manage environmental impacts effectively will increase. How successful we are in coping with demand will depend on our ability to innovate, to manage congestion, and to improve the quality of transport services. Technological and regulatory innovation will shape the future of transport. These conference proceedings bring together ideas from leading transport researchers from around the world related to the future for interurban passenger transport.. A first set of papers investigates what drives demand for interurban passenger transport and infers how it may evolve in the future. The remaining papers investigate transport policy issues that emerge as key challenges: when to invest in high-speed rail, how to regulate to ensure efficient operation, how to assign infrastructure to different types of users, and how to control transport’s environmental footprint by managing modal split and improving modal performance.
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  • 129
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264087828
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Schweden ; Governance ; Sweden ; Schweden ; Regulierung ; Schweden ; Wirtschaftspolitik
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Sweden, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 130
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264086081
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (284 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Finland
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regierung ; Governance-Ansatz ; Finnland ; Governance ; Finland ; Finnland ; Politische Steuerung ; Verwaltung
    Abstract: Finland’s traditional Nordic model is under pressure: A rapidly ageing society, the global economic crisis and growing societal disillusionment require the public administration to be strategically agile in order to maintain fiscal sustainability and to respond to a complex and rapidly changing environment. The government’s capacity to act in these difficult times will depend on the public administration’s ability to work together – across all of the public administration at the state and local level, and with society as a whole – in order to sustain success and maintain its global position in the future. This report is the second in a series of OECD country reviews that look at governance and public management issues from a comprehensive perspective. These reviews help countries to identify how reforms can better reinforce each other in support of overall government objectives. They also examine reform strategies that have worked in other countries and provide advice as to which reforms can be appropriately adapted to a given country.
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  • 131
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264083967
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Strategies to improve rural service delivery
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ländlicher Raum ; Dienstleistungssektor ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Ländlicher Raum ; Dienstleistungssektor
    Abstract: The service sector, in aggregate, now dominates total employment and value-added in OECD countries, accounting for more than 70% of these two measures, and continues to increase in importance. While services may play a slightly smaller role in rural regions than in urban areas, they are the dominant component of the rural economy. It is clear that a vibrant service sector is both vital for a prosperous local economy and crucial for meeting the needs of rural citizens.  This book provides an overview of the underlying problems in delivering services to rural regions.  It contains a conceptual structure for thinking about rural service delivery problems and a strategy for thinking about the role of government in service delivery, as well as a discussion of the role that innovation and public management tools like co-design and co-delivery can play in designing better service delivery approaches.  Also included are examples of different, successful policy strategies drawn from OECD countries.   Also available The New Rural Paradigm: Policies and Governance (2006) OECD Rural Policy Reviews: Germany (2007) OECD Rural Policy Reviews: Mexico (2007) OECD Rural Policy Reviews: Finland (2008) OECD Rural Policy Reviews: The Netherlands (2008) OECD Rural Policy Reviews: China (2009) OECD Rural Policy Reviews: Italy (2009) OECD Rural Policy Reviews: Spain (2009)   OECD Rural Policy Reviews: Québec, Canada (forthcoming)  
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  • 132
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264079915 , 9789264107175
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Insights
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les pêcheries ; Jusqu'à l'épuisement des stocks ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les pêcheries : Jusqu'à l'épuisement des stocks ?
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Love, Patrick Fisheries
    RVK:
    Keywords: Fischwirtschaft ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Economics ; Fischerei ; Fischbestand ; Fischverarbeitung ; Fischhandel ; Ressourcenmanagement ; Weltpolitik
    Abstract: The fish on your plate may have been caught by a high-tech trawler, trapped by a lone fisher, farmed along with tons of others, or even stolen by pirates. It may have been captured in the South Atlantic, landed in Europe, and processed in China. Globalisation, North-South relations, changing attitudes and lifestyles, and the way we manage natural resources all influence fisheries. This book uses the expertise of the OECD to assess these issues, and describes the challenges facing those who work in the industry. Apart from the fishers themselves and their families, it also draws on the points of view of NGOs, government specialists, scientists and independent experts. This book includes StatLinks, URLs under graphs and tables linking to Excel® spreadsheets showing the underlying data "We at International Aquafeed would recommend this to anyone involved in marine fishing and even to those in aquaculture to and aqua policy development as a foundation document for future decision-making. Well done Patrick Love." -The Aquaculturists Blog
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  • 133
    ISBN: 9789264088689
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Addressing tax risks involving bank losses
    RVK:
    Keywords: Bank ; Unternehmensbesteuerung ; Verlust ; OECD-Staaten ; Taxation ; Finanzkrise ; Bank ; Verlustrealisation ; Steuerwirkung
    Abstract: The financial and economic crisis had a devastating impact on bank profits, with loss-making banks reporting global commercial losses of around USD 400 billion in 2008. This comprehensive report sets the market context for bank losses and provides an overview of the tax treatment of such losses in 17 OECD countries; describes the tax risks that arise in relation to bank losses from the perspective of both banks and revenue bodies; outlines the incentives that give rise to those risks; and describes the tools revenue bodies have to manage these potential compliance risks. It concludes with recommendations for revenue bodies and for banks on how risks involving bank losses can best be managed and reduced.
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  • 134
    ISBN: 9789264087118
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (304 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD e-Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Denmark
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: E-Government ; Öffentlicher Sektor ; Öffentliche Dienstleistung ; Dänemark ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Denmark ; Dänemark ; E-Government ; Öffentliche Dienstleistung ; Effizienz
    Abstract: This review is the first to analyse e-government at the country level using a revised framework designed to capture the new challenges faced by countries today. It highlights the richness of initiatives and actions taken by Denmark in relation to a number of areas, including the impact of e-government on public sector modernisation and efficiency efforts, the impact of e-government organisational structure and arrangements on e-government development and administration, the need to address issues related to user take-up and the assessment of benefits realisation of e-government projects. As these are not unique to Denmark, but are commonly shared by a number of OECD countries, the study provides useful tools to support e-government policy making in all OECD countries.
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  • 135
    ISBN: 9789264094635
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD The impacts of nanotechnology on companies
    RVK:
    Keywords: Nanotechnologie ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Technologiepolitik ; Innovationsmanagement ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Nanotechnologie ; Markt ; Wirtschaftswachstum
    Abstract: Nanotechnology has its origin in the converging abilities of physics, chemistry and materials science. Its purpose is the manipulation of atoms and molecules in order to create new properties of materials and systems for a wide variety of applications in a very broad range of sectors. Nanotechnology is forecast to create large markets and many new jobs and may be the springboard for industrial renewal and long-term growth. Governments around the world have targeted this emerging technology in their R&D investments and are strategising about the best ways to promote the responsible development and use of nanotechnology given the absence of any in-depth analysis of its commercialisation. What are the potential economic impacts of nanotechnology, how are companies using nanotechnology for innovation, and what are the key challenges in its commercialisation? These are some of the issues that this book addresses, based on a large number of company case studies in several countries.
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  • 136
    ISBN: 9789264088924
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation and the development agenda
    RVK:
    Keywords: Entwicklung ; Innovation ; Entwicklungsländer ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Entwicklungsländer ; Afrika ; Innovationsförderung ; Technologiepolitik ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Abstract: Innovation drives long-term economic growth. It has a crucial role to play as global economies recover from the current financial crisis. This book examines the role of innovation in developing countries, with a focus on Africa. It investigates innovation systems and their application; the key role of knowledge in innovation for development; and the importance of comparable country studies and official statistics on innovation. It stresses the need for innovation to become part of a comprehensive development agenda, and makes recommendations for promoting activities in both the formal and informal sectors, with the aim of transforming agriculture into a knowledge-based industry capable of stimulating economic growth. Innovation and the Development Agenda is an important component of the overall OECD Innovation Strategy, which seeks to create stronger and more sustainable growth, while addressing the key global challenges of the 21st century. It is also part of the Innovation, Technology, and Society programme of IDRC. For more information on IDRC programmes see www.idrc.ca.
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  • 137
    ISBN: 9789282102855
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Round Tables no.147
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mettre en œuvre la tarification de la congestion
    RVK:
    Keywords: Transport ; Straßenbenutzungsgebühr
    Abstract: Recent advances in the scientific understanding of urban traffic congestion have only strengthened the already solid case for congestion charges as an element of a successful urban transport policy. But examples of real-world congestion charging systems remain few and far between. What can be done to improve the chances of their more widespread adoption in practice? This report draws lessons from attempts to introduce congestion charges. Technology is not an obstacle, and technologies should serve policy purposes instead of define them. Charging systems are not cheap and thus should only be used where congestion is severe. Public acceptance is seen to be the key to successful implementation. Although environmental benefits and careful deployment of toll revenues may improve acceptance, a charging system should never lose sight of its principal aim, which is to reduce congestion.
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  • 138
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264091085
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (154 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Tax Policy Studies no.20
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Tax policy reform and economic growth
    RVK:
    Keywords: Steuerpolitik ; Steuerreform ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; OECD-Staaten ; Taxation ; Steuer ; Steuerpolitik ; Wirtschaftswachstum
    Abstract: In the wake of the recent financial and economic crisis, many OECD countries face the challenge of restoring public finances while still supporting growth. This report investigates how tax structures can best be designed to support GDP per capita growth. The analysis suggests a tax and economic growth ranking order according to which corporate taxes are the most harmful type of tax for economic growth, followed by personal income taxes and then consumption taxes, with recurrent taxes on immovable property being the least harmful tax. Growth-oriented tax reform measures include tax base broadening and a reduction in the top marginal personal income tax rates. Some degree of support for R&D through the tax system may help to increase private spending on innovation. But implementing pro-growth tax reforms may not be easy. This report identifies those public and political economy tax reform strategies that will allow policy makers to reconcile differing tax policy objectives and overcome obstacles to reform. It stresses that with clear vision, strong leadership and solid tax policy analysis, growth-oriented tax reform can indeed be realised.
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  • 139
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264079267
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (286 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Israel
    DDC: 331.12095694
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarkt ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik ; Israel ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Israel ; Israel ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Beschäftigungsentwicklung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer ; Minderheitenfrage ; Armut
    Abstract: This 2009 review of Israeli labour market and social policy finds that Israel has enjoyed strong economic growth over the last decade, but the benefits of this are being distributed unevenly. Poverty rates are higher than in any OECD country, which reflects the deep social and economic divides in Israeli society. On one side, there is the general Jewish population with poverty and employment rates similar to those of OECD countries. On the other, there are Arabs and ultra-Orthodox Jews, or Haredim, who have large families, poor educational outcomes and low employment rates. As a result, just over half of Arab and Haredi families live in poverty. Almost half of all children entering primary school in Israel come from one of these two groups, so profound policy changes are needed to prevent future generations of Arabs and Haredim from being scarred by the disadvantages these population groups face today. Tackling the root causes of such deep inequality would greatly enhance the dynamism of the Israeli economy. Greater investment to help workers improve their skills is urgently needed. Welfare-to-work programmes need to be restructured and extended, including by reducing child benefits paid to families who are able to work but do not and by sharply increasing the Earned Income Tax Credit to tackle in-work poverty more effectively. And access to means-tested income supports for the neediest should be improved. Israel has failed to enforce many aspects of its labour legislation, contributing to poor employment conditions for many resident, cross-border and foreign low-income workers. Rules to overcome discrimination against all workers need to be enforced, and the illegal hiring and employment of temporary foreign workers need to be stamped out. Progress has been made in many of these areas. New legislation and initiatives have been introduced. The challenge is how to make reform work in practice. The consequences of not doing so would be devastating.
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  • 140
    ISBN: 9789264083530
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (496 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Clark, Greg, - 1962- Organising local economic development
    RVK:
    Keywords: Wirtschaftsförderung ; Regionalentwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; OECD ; Regionale Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Abstract: Development processes occur within a wider geographical area than local government, and in some cases encompass a broader scope than provincial or national governments. Thus substantial inter-governmental co-operation and public-private partnership are needed. This book identifies how development agencies and companies work, what they do and what constitutes success and value added. It explores international practices in a variety of locations and contexts, and defines both the success factors and the challenges associated with economic development agencies and companies.
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  • 141
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264086845
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (118 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Lignes directrices pour des mesures agroenvironnementales efficaces
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Guidelines for cost-effective agri-environmental policy measures
    RVK:
    Keywords: Landwirtschaft ; Umweltpolitik ; Ökologischer Landbau ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Agrarpolitik ; Biologischer Landbau
    Abstract: Improving the environmental performance of agriculture is a high priority in OECD and many non-OECD countries. This will be of increasing concern in the future given the pressure to feed a growing world population with scarce land and water resources. Policy has an important role to play where markets for many of the environmental outcomes from agriculture are absent or poorly functioning. This study focuses on the design and implementation of environmental standards and regulations, taxes, payments and tradable permit schemes to address agri-environmental issues. It deals with the choice of policy instruments and the design of specific instruments, with the aim of identifying those that are most cost-effective in very different situations across OECD countries. Key conclusions from the study are that: there is no unique instrument that promises to achieve all agri-environmental policy goals; the cost effectiveness of payments systems could be improved by using performance-based measures; and policy mixes need to combine policy instruments that complement and not conflict with each other.
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  • 142
    ISBN: 9789264064843
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (118 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les unités consacrées aux partenariats public-privé ; Une étude des structures institutionnelles et de gouvernance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dedicated public-private partnership units
    RVK:
    Keywords: Öffentlich-private Partnerschaft ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; OECD ; Public Private Partnership
    Abstract: Dedicated public-private partnership (PPP) units are organisations set up with full or partial aid of the government to ensure that the skills needed to handle third-party provision of goods and services are made available and clustered together within government. Such units enhance the capacity of government to successfully manage the risks associated with a growing number and value of PPPs. Although a relatively recent phenomenon, in 2009 more than half of all OECD countries reported the existence of a dedicated unit of some kind. This book provides an overview of dedicated PPP units in OECD countries, including case studies covering: the State of Victoria (Australia), Germany, Korea, South Africa (an OECD enhanced engagement country), and the United Kingdom. It examines the functions and locations of dedicated PPP units, the role they play in the procurement process and the lessons learned for other countries that have already established or are considering establishing a dedicated PPP unit. Further reading Public-Private Partnerships: In Pursuit of Risk Sharing and Value for Money (OECD, 2008)
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  • 143
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264096448
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The economic impact of export restrictions on raw materials
    RVK:
    Keywords: Rohstoff ; Exportbeschränkung ; Welt ; Trade ; Canada ; China, People’s Republic ; European Union ; India ; Russian Federation ; South Africa ; United States ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Außenhandelspolitik ; Rohstoffwelthandel
    Abstract: Export restrictions on raw materials are applied to achieve a number of policy objectives. However, they can have a significant and negative impact on the efficient allocation of resources, international trade, and the competitiveness and development of industries in both exporting and importing countries. By diverting exports to domestic markets, export restrictions raise prices for foreign consumers and importers. At the same time, by reducing domestic prices in the applying countries and increasing global uncertainty concerning future prices, export restrictions negatively affect investment, thus potentially reducing the overall supply of raw materials in the long term. In view of existing alternative policy tools that have a different impact on trade, the effectiveness of export restrictions to achieve stated policy objectives should be carefully reviewed. This publication presents a selection of papers discussed at the OECD Workshop on Raw Materials, held in Paris in October 2009. This workshop was organised in response to the growing concern on the use of export restrictions on raw materials, particularly by emerging economies.
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  • 144
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264083608
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le prix de l'eau et des services d'eau potable et d'assainissement
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Pricing water resources and water and sanitation services
    DDC: 338.43628109177
    RVK:
    Keywords: Wasserversorgung ; Wasserpreis ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Wasserwirtschaft ; Wasserpreis ; OECD
    Abstract: In both OECD and non-OECD countries the water sector is facing the challenges of increased competition for water resources, deteriorating water quality, and the effects of climate change and poor management. In this context, how can countries ensure access to adequate, sustainable and affordable water and sanitation services for all? Pricing water-related services is an essential part of the answer. This report compiles reliable and comparable data on pricing water and on water supply and sanitation services across OECD countries. It sheds additional light on such policy issues as the choice of tariff structures for water services, cost recovery for water services and affordability.
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  • 145
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264075160
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Series Statement: Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Denmark 2010
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Dänemark ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Denmark ; Dänemark ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Jugendlicher Arbeitnehmer
    Abstract: This report contains - for Denmark - a survey of the main barriers to employment for young people, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to improve the transition from school-to-work, and a set of policy recommendations for further action by the public authorities and social partners. The report is based on the proceedings of a seminar and is published in English only. However, a French translation of the summary and main recommendations has been included in this volume.
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  • 146
    ISBN: 9789264095700
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les liens entre les politiques agricoles et leurs effets sur l'environnement ; Le modèle simplifié d'impact des politiques agroenvironnementales de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Linkages between agricultural policies and environmental effects
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ökologischer Landbau ; Agrarpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; OECD ; Agrarpolitik ; Umweltschutz
    Abstract: Improving the environmental performance of agriculture is a high priority for OECD countries. But measuring and evaluating the impact of agri-environmental policies on the environment can be challenging, as it requires linking economic and biophysical models in country-specific contexts. The OECD has developed the Stylised Agri-environmental Policy Impact Model (SAPIM), which can be adapted and applied by researchers and policy makers to better understand the impact of policies on the agri-environment conditions in their countries. This report applies the model to representative farms in Finland, Japan, Switzerland and the United States. These countries include a wide range of objectives, policy measures and agri-environmental conditions. The results highlight that when positive or negative environmental externalities are not taken into account by farmers then the production choices by farmers will reflect private costs and benefits. Policies can potentially raise social welfare by taking account of those externalities. This report notes that, overall, the diversity of conditions across sectors and countries makes it difficult to generalise the impact of agri-environmental policies beyond the situations that are modeled. Nevertheless, some wider policy messages emerge. Drawing on the four case studies examined, this report recommends that; polluting activites that are not regulated should be included in policy design; the existing overall policy environment needs to be taken into account in evaluating agri-environmental policies; and environmental co-benefits and trade-offs need to be recognised. Green growth policies can stimulate economic growth while preventing environmental degradation, biodiversity loss and unsustainable natural resource use. The results from this publication contribute to the Green Growth Strategy being developed by the OECD as a practical policy package for governments to harness the potential of greener growth.
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  • 147
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264072916
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mondialisation, transport et environnement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Globalisation, transport and the environment
    RVK:
    Keywords: Globalisierung ; Umweltbelastung ; Güterverkehr ; Welt ; Globalization ; Globalization Environmental aspects ; Transportation ; Environment ; Transport ; Güterverkehr ; Globalisierung ; Umweltschutz ; Transport ; Welthandel ; Umweltschaden
    Abstract: What impact has globalisation had on transport? And what have been the consequences for the environment? This book aims to answer these questions and more. It looks in detail at how globalisation has affected activity levels in maritime shipping, aviation, and road and rail freight, and assesses the impact that changes in activity levels have had on the environment. The book also discusses policy instruments that can be used to address negative environmental impacts, both from an economic perspective and from the point of view of international law. Related reading Environmental Outlook to 2030 (2008) The Economics of Climate Change Mitigation: Policies and Options for Global Action beyond 2012 (2009)
    Note: Literaturangaben , Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Mondialisation, transport et environnement
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  • 148
    ISBN: 9789264084490
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (170 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Großbritannien ; Governance ; United Kingdom ; Großbritannien ; Regulierung ; Volkswirtschaft
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for the United Kingdom, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 149
    ISBN: 9789264090231
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La transition vers une économie sobre en carbone ; objectifs publics et pratiques des entreprises
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La transition vers une économie sobre en carbone : objectifs publics et pratiques des entreprises
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Transition to a low-carbon economy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Umweltmanagement ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Umweltbezogenes Management ; Klimaänderung
    Abstract: Companies are increasingly aware of the need to address climate change. However, while many companies are taking action to address climate change, many others are still lagging behind. This report surveys responsible business practices addressing climate change and driving the shift to a low-carbon economy. It summarises policies, regulations and other instruments in support of a low carbon economy in OECD countries and emerging economies, and analyses corporate responses to these drivers. Using the principles of responsible business conduct identified in the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises, this report reviews three key areas of corporate action: accounting for greenhouse gas emissions; achieving emissions reductions; and engaging suppliers, consumers and other stakeholders.
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  • 150
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264084612
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Améliorer l'efficacité du secteur de la santé ; Le rôle des technologies de l'information et des communications
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Améliorer l'efficacité du secteur de la santé : Le rôle des technologies de l'information et des communications
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Improving health sector efficiency
    RVK:
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Informationstechnik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Gesundheitswesen ; Informationstechnik ; Effizienzsteigerung
    Abstract: Despite the promise they hold out, implementing information and communication technologies (ICTs) in clinical care has proven to be a very difficult undertaking. More than a decade of efforts provide a picture of significant public investments, resulting in both notable successes and some highly publicised costly delays and failures. This has been accompanied by a failure to achieve widespread understanding among the general public and the medical profession of the benefits of electronic record keeping and information exchange. With consistent cross-country information on these issues largely absent, the OECD has used lessons learned from case studies in Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and the United States to identify the opportunities offered by ICTs and to analyse under what conditions these technologies are most likely to result in efficiency and quality-of-care improvements. The findings highlight a number of practices or approaches that could usefully be employed in efforts to improve and accelerate the adoption and use of these technologies.
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  • 151
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264090200
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Growth and sustainability in Brazil, China, India, Indonesia and South Africa
    RVK:
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Brasilien ; China ; Indien ; Indonesien ; Südafrika ; Economics ; Brazil ; China, People’s Republic ; India ; Indonesia ; South Africa ; OECD
    Abstract: Growth and Sustainability in Brazil, China, India, Indonesia and South Africa is based on the proceedings of a conference, organised by the OECD, on the growth performance of these large emerging-market economies. The book brings together contributions from distinguished policy makers and scholars. It discusses the growth experiences of these countries, including how they have fared in the wake of the recent global financial crisis. It also examines these countries’ prospects for sustaining strong growth over the long term. The chapters in this book offer new analyses of the growth process in individual countries. They explore, for example, the reduction of external vulnerability in Brazil, the contribution of human and physical capital accumulation in China and Indonesia, initiatives to promote infrastructure and social development in India, and financial deepening in South Africa. These chapters identify the specific drivers of growth in each country, and thus strengthen our understanding of the policy levers that can be used to sustain growth in the years to come.
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  • 152
    ISBN: 9789264086968
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mieux légiférer en Europe ; France 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mieux légiférer en Europe : France 2010
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Frankreich ; Governance ; France ; Frankreich ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for France, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 153
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: 2010
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Finland
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regierung ; Governance-Ansatz ; Finnland ; Finnland ; Verwaltung ; Öffentlicher Sektor ; Nachhaltigkeit
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  • 154
    ISBN: 9264087397
    Language: English
    Pages: Online Ressource (4400 KB, 140 S.)
    Edition: 2010
    Series Statement: Competitiveness and Private Sector Development
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Competitiveness and private sector development
    RVK:
    Keywords: Frühindikator ; Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Ägypten ; Ägypten ; Investitionsförderung ; Privatwirtschaft ; Förderung
    Abstract: As part of a far-reaching programme of economic reforms, the Egyptian government is seeking to improve its business climate to attract more investment and stimulate growth and job creation. The Egyptian Ministry of Investment has asked the OECD to carry out an in-depth assessment of Egypts business climate to identify policy priorities and actions needed to foster more domestic, regional and international investment. This report presents the results of that assessment. It also highlights Egypts key reform priorities and describes the challenges and opportunities in improving Egypt´s business climate to help Egypt realise its full potential as a high-growth economy. The OECD assessment is the first phase of a Business Climate Development Strategy (BCDS) which identifies policy priorities and proposes specific reforms and actions to enable Egypt to achieve measurable improvements in its business climate. One key finding is that Egypts investment and trade policy reforms have moved the countrys business climate closer to best practice in OECD economies. However, the report notes that to attract further private investment, Egypt needs to improve the countrys anti-corruption measures, skills development, infrastructure and access to finance, especially for the country´s small-and-medium sized enterprises. BCDS Egypt offers specific recommendations on how policies, institutions and regulations can be improved to increase predictability for investors and make Egypt a prime investment destination.This review was carried out as part of the wider MENA-OECD Investment Programme. It uses a new BCDS methodology that evaluates the business climate in 12 policy areas and draws on core OECD instruments, such as the Policy Framework for Investment (PFI), which have been successfully applied in other countries. By helping countries prioritise their actions and build consensus among stakeholders, the BCDS process supports the successful implementation of reforms to develop the private sector in the MENA region.
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  • 155
    Language: English
    Edition: 2010
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Tackling inequalities in Brazil, China, India and South Africa
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Einkommensverteilung ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Sozialpolitik ; Brasilien ; China ; Indien ; Südafrika ; Brasilien ; China ; Indien ; Südafrika ; Beschäftigung ; Einkommensverteilung ; Ungleichheit ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik
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  • 156
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: 2010
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als High-growth enterprises
    RVK:
    Keywords: KMU ; Unternehmenswachstum ; Innovationsmanagement ; OECD-Staaten ; Entrepreneurship ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Unternehmensentwicklung ; Wirtschaftsförderung ; Innovationsförderung ; Mittelstandspolitik ; Internationaler Vergleich
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  • 157
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264095311
    Language: Italian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Mutual Review of Development Effectiveness in Africa 2009; Promise and Performance
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examen mutuel de l'efficacité du développement en Afrique 2009 ; Promesses et résultats
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Mutual Review of Development Effectiveness in Africa 2009: Promise and Performance
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examen mutuel de l'efficacité du développement en Afrique 2009 : Promesses et résultats
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: La Valutazione reciproca dell’efficacia dello sviluppo in Africa: promesse e risultati, elaborata dall’UNECA/OCSE nel 2009 intende fornire delle risposte chiare e precise ai principali impegni assunti dai paesi africani e dai loro partner allo sviluppo, analizzare gli impegni portati a termine e i risultati ottenuti fino ad oggi e determinare le priorità delle politiche future.
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  • 158
    ISBN: 9789264087255
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (384 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Regional development policies in OECD countries
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regionalpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Regionalpolitik
    Abstract: Policy makers need both a handy reference guide to the regional policies of their own and other countries and a broader analysis of trends in regional policies, based on sound, comparable information. Regional Policies in OECD Countries responds to this need. It is the first systematic, comparative analysis of OECD countries’ regional policies. The report addresses fundamental regional policy concerns, such as: problem recognition; the objectives of regional policy; the legal/institutional framework; the urban/rural framework; budget structures; and the governance mechanisms linking national and sub-national governments as well as sectors. It begins with an overview of the regional policy today. This is followed by country profiles covering the 31 OECD members. The profiles share a common conceptual framework, allowing countries to see how their experiences measure up. The report also contains several annexes, which cover some of the countries that are candidates for accession to the OECD or with which the OECD has enhanced engagement. The annexes also cover the key topics of cross-border cooperation and trends in urban-rural linkages, especially efforts to control urban sprawl. The report will help countries to better understand regional policies and to formulate and diffuse horizontal policy recommendations. The analysis suggests an important role for regional policies in shaping sustainable endogenous development, in particular well-developed governance mechanisms to better respond to the different opportunities and demands of regions and to improve policy efficiency. This report is a unique source of regional policy information and of special interest to policy makers, researchers, and others engaging with regional development.
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  • 159
    ISBN: 9789264087637
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Taxation, Innovation and the Environment; (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La fiscalité, l'innovation et l'environnement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Taxation, Innovation and the Environment: (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Taxation, innovation and the environment
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ökosteuer ; Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; Emissionshandel ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Taxation ; Umweltabgabe ; Umweltschutz ; Innovation ; Umweltpolitik ; Umweltsteuer ; Innovationsförderung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Solving the world’s environmental problems could take a significant toll on economic growth if only today’s technologies are available. We know that innovation – the creation and adoption of new cleaner technologies and know-how – provides a means to achieve local and global environmental goals at significantly lower costs. Innovation is also a major driver of economic growth. OECD governments are increasingly using environmentally related taxes because they are typically one of the most effective policy tools available. Exploring the relationship between environmentally related taxation and innovation is critical to understanding the full impacts of this policy instrument as well as one potential facet of “green growth.” By putting a price on pollution, do environmentally related taxes spur innovation? What types of innovation result? Does the design of the tax play a critical role? What is the effect of this innovation? In analysing these questions, this report draws on case studies that cover Japan, Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Israel and others. It covers a wide set of environmental issues and technologies, as well as the economic and policy contexts. The research methods range from econometric analysis to interviews with business owners and executives. The report also explores the use of environmentally related taxes in OECD countries and outlines considerations for policymakers when implementing these taxes. Green growth policies can stimulate economic growth while preventing environmental degradation, biodiversity loss and unsustainable natural resource use. The results from this publication will contribute to the Green Growth Strategy being developed by the OECD as a practical policy package for governments to harness the potential of greener growth.
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  • 160
    ISBN: 9789264094901
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Systèmes de santé ; efficacité et politiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Systèmes de santé : efficacité et politiques
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Health care systems
    RVK:
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsökonomik ; Gesundheitspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitspolitik
    Abstract: People in OECD countries are healthier than ever before, as shown by longer life expectancy and lower mortality for diseases such as cancer. At the same time, total spending on health care now absorbs over 9% of GDP on average in the OECD. Achieving value for money in the health care sector is an important objective in all OECD countries. The book takes an in-depth look at health care in OECD countries today. What is the status of people’s health? How do we measure health outcomes? How do we assess the efficiency of health care systems? How are health policies and institutions linked with the performance of health care systems? The chapters explore the answers to such questions. They cover: trends in health care outcomes and spending; ways of assessing efficiency; new indicators of health care policies and institutions; and the characteristics and performance of health care systems.
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  • 161
    ISBN: 9789264094772
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (162 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Österreich ; Governance ; Austria ; Österreich ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Austria, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 162
    ISBN: 9789264084575
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Portugal ; Governance ; Portugal ; Portugal ; Regulierung ; Volkswirtschaft
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Portugal, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 163
    ISBN: 9789264077225
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (278 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'éco-innovation dans l'industrie ; favoriser la croissance verte
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'éco-innovation dans l'industrie : favoriser la croissance verte
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Eco-innovation in industry
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Industrie ; Innovationsmanagement ; Umwelttechnik ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Industrie ; Nachhaltigkeit ; OECD
    Abstract: Eco-innovation will be a key driver of industry efforts to tackle climate change and realise “green growth” in the post-Kyoto era. Eco-innovation calls for faster introduction of breakthrough technologies and for more systemic application of available solutions, including non-technological ones. It also offers opportunities to involve new players, develop new industries and increase competitiveness. Structural change in economies will be imperative in coming decades. This book presents the research and analysis carried out during the first phase of the OECD Project on Sustainable Manufacturing and Eco-innovation. Its aim is to provide benchmarking tools on sustainable manufacturing and to spur eco-innovation through better understanding of innovation mechanisms. It reviews the concepts and forms an analytical framework; analyses the nature and processes of eco-innovation; discusses existing sustainable manufacturing indicators; examines methodologies for measuring eco-innovation; and takes stock of national strategies and policy initiatives for eco-innovation.
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  • 164
    ISBN: 9789264067264
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Italy
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Italien ; Governance ; Italy ; Italien ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This review presents a general picture of the overall regulatory reform frameworks in Italy, examining quality regulation, competition policy and professional services. The review also offers a special focus on multi-level governance, where key issues include local public services, commercial distribution, local transport and energy. The review finds that Italy has made significant progress using regulatory reform since the first OECD review in 2001. Administrative simplification and the increasing role of competition policy, combined with devolution of state powers to regions, have helped. But there are still key challenges for regulatory policy and its implementation, including enforcement, capacity in the civil service, impact analysis for evidence-based decision-making, and building a culture of consultation. The current global economic crisis is an opportunity for Italy to further clarify how the state intervenes in the economy, to improve multi-level co-ordination, and to expand competition in specific sectors.
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  • 165
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264096066 , 9789264079663
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guide pour le développement des politiques de consommation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD Consumer policy toolkit
    RVK:
    Keywords: Verbraucherschutz ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Verbraucherpolitik
    Abstract: The markets for goods and services have undergone significant changes over the past 20 years. Regulatory reform, global markets, new technologies and growth in the role of services in economic activity have driven the changes which, in many instances, have provided significant benefits to consumers. Relatively little attention has been paid to the challenges these developments have posed for consumers. More choice and more complexity in many markets have made it increasingly difficult for them to compare and assess the value of products and services. The challenges for consumers have raised similar challenges for the government authorities responsible for protecting them from unfair commercial practices and fraud. This book examines how markets have evolved and provides insights for improved consumer policy making. It explores, for the first time, how what we have learned through the study of behavioural economics is changing the way policy makers are addressing problems.
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  • 166
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264048782
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als High-growth enterprises
    RVK:
    Keywords: KMU ; Unternehmenswachstum ; Innovationsmanagement ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Brazil ; Entrepreneurship ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Unternehmensentwicklung ; Wirtschaftsförderung ; Innovationsförderung ; Mittelstandspolitik ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: The spectacular success of several well-known new ventures in technological fields, which in little more than a decade have jumped from the state of start-ups to that of top international businesses, has pointed to innovation as a key factor in the high growth of firms. These high-growth enterprises often drive job creation and innovation, so policy makers are increasingly making such companies a key focus. Specifically, how can government policy foster the creation of more high-growth enterprises; what are the growth factors, and how can they be leveraged; what are the appropriate ways to provide such support? To help answer these questions, this report presents findings from two new research studies: (1) reports from 15 countries (Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland and Tunisia) that provide interesting insights into the operations of and challenges faced by high-growth enterprises; (2) a policy survey by the OECD Working Party on SMEs and Entrepreneurship, which reviewed more than 340 programmes that policy makers in 24 countries have put in place to support the growth of enterprises. Some of this report’s findings may surprise: any firm can be a growth company; growth is almost always a temporary phase; high-growth small firms are funded mostly by debt, not equity. These and many more insights are summarised and analysed, providing policy makers with ideas on how to power growth at the firm level.
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  • 167
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264086395
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Equal opportunities?
    DDC: 331.62083
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Migranten ; Kinder ; Arbeitsmarkt ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Konferenzschrift ; Einwanderer ; Generation 2 ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: The integration of the children of immigrants – both those born in the host country (the “second generation”) and those who arrived young enough to be educated in the host country – is of growing policy relevance for OECD countries. This group is entering the labour market in ever larger numbers, and their outcomes are often seen as the benchmark for successful integration policy. The labour market integration of the children of immigrants is an area where comparative international knowledge is gradually evolving, but still underdeveloped. Recent work by the OECD has shown that the children of immigrants tend to have lower employment outcomes than the children of natives in most countries. This technical seminar proceedings sheds light on the issues involved in the labour market integration of the children of immigrants, and discusses policy answers and good practices. The seminar was organised jointly by the the EU Commission and the OECD Secretariat in Brussels on 1 and 2 October 2009.
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  • 168
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264080355
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (226 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Series Statement: OECD innovation strategy
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. SMEs, entrepreneurship and innovation
    RVK:
    Keywords: KMU ; Innovation ; Unternehmer ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Innovation ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Small firms are playing an ever-increasing role in innovation, driven by changes in technologies and markets. Some spin-offs and high growth firms are having remarkable success. However, the broad bulk of small firms are not capitalising on their advantages. This book explores how government policy can boost innovation by improving the environment for entrepreneurship and small firm development and increasing the innovative capacities of enterprises. Policy findings and recommendations are presented in three key areas: embedding firms in knowledge flows; developing entrepreneurship skills; and social entrepreneurship. In addition, country notes present statistics and policy data on SMEs, entrepreneurship and innovation for 40 economies, including OECD countries, Brazil, China, Estonia, Indonesia, Israel, the Russian Federation, Slovenia and South Africa. SMEs, Entrepreneurship and Innovation is part of the OECD Innovation Strategy, a comprehensive policy strategy to harness innovation for stronger and more sustainable growth and development, and to address the key global challenges of the 21st century.
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  • 169
    ISBN: 9789264090279
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Payer pour la biodiversité ; Améliorer l'efficacité-coût des paiements pour services écosystémiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Paying for Biodiversity; Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services (Bulgarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Paying for Biodiversity; Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services (Romanian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Payer pour la biodiversité : Améliorer l'efficacité-coût des paiements pour services écosystémiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Paying for Biodiversity: Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services (Bulgarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Paying for Biodiversity: Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services (Romanian version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Karousakis, Katia Paying for biodiversity
    RVK:
    Keywords: Artenvielfalt ; Umwelt ; Umweltökonomik ; Umweltpolitik ; Kosten-Wirksamkeits-Analyse ; Environment ; Biodiversität ; Umweltpolitik ; Umweltökonomie
    Abstract: Biodiversity and ecosystem services provide tangible benefits for society, such as food provisioning, water purification, genetic resources or climate regulation. These services provide critical life support functions and contribute to human health, well being and economic growth. Yet biodiversity is declining worldwide and, in some areas, this loss is accelerating. The need for policies that promote the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and ecosystem services is more important than ever. Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) is a direct and flexible incentive-based mechanism under which the user or beneficiary of an ecosystem service makes a direct payment to an individual or community whose land use decisions have an impact on the ecosystem service provision. Interest in PES has been increasing rapidly over the past decade: PES are proliferating worldwide and there are already more than 300 programmes in place today at national, regional and local levels. Drawing on the literature concerning effective PES and on more than 30 case studies from both developed and developing countries, this book aims to identify good practice in the design and implementation of PES programmes so as to enhance their environmental and cost effectiveness. It addresses the following questions: Why are PES useful and how do they work? How can they be made most effective environmentally and how can their cost-effectiveness be maximised? What are the different potential sources of finance for PES programmes, and how can they be secured? and What are the lessons learned from existing PES programmes and insights for future programmes, including international PES?
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  • 170
    ISBN: 9789282102978
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Round Tables no.148
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Stimuler les technologies pour les véhicules à faibles émissions de carbone
    RVK:
    Keywords: Transport ; Kraftfahrzeug ; Kohlendioxidbelastung
    Abstract: Governments around the world are increasingly intervening in automobile markets to improve fuel economy and reduce emissions of CO2 from new vehicles. This report reviews the rationale for such intervention and examines measures for maximum effectiveness and minimum cost. The Round Table brought together economists, policy makers and auto engineers with the aim of advancing understanding of why car markets currently fail to deliver sufficient fuel economy. It started by questioning whether any additional measures would be necessary once an appropriate price for carbon dioxide is established via fuel taxes. It confirmed that there are indeed market imperfections that merit additional government intervention. Fuel economy and CO2 regulations are an essential part of the package. The key to maximising the benefits of such regulations is long-term planning. The longer the timeframe, the less industry investment is handicapped by uncertainty. Subsidies to electric vehicles are more problematic because of the risks of prematurely picking winning technologies and creating subsidy dependence. And electricity production has yet to be decarbonised. However, intervention to steer innovation in this direction is merited so long as the risks of not attaining climate policy targets are seen as higher than the risks of intervention.
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  • 171
    ISBN: 9789264088436
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Trade and economic effects of responses to the economic crisis
    RVK:
    Keywords: Finanzkrise ; Wirtschaftskrise ; Internationale Wirtschaft ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Welt ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Welthandel ; Handelsvolumen ; Wirtschaftskrise ; Geschichte 2009
    Abstract: The dramatic collapse in world trade in 2009 is, this report shows, mainly due to: the drop in demand for highly traded products; the drying up of trade finance; and the vertically integrated nature of global supply chains. Contrary to expectations, protectionist measures were relatively muted and did not play a significant part. In fact, because of their sheer size, stimulus measures may have had more impact on trade than direct trade policy measures Nevertheless, dollar for dollar, direct trade restricting measures have the most strongly negative impacts on growth and employment: a one dollar increase in tariff revenues results in a USD 2.16 drop in world exports and a USD 0.73 drop in world income. The analyses presented here suggest that exit strategies from measures to deal with the crisis will be most effective in boosting growth and jobs if they first roll back measures that discriminate between domestic and foreign firms and those that target specific sectors. General demand stimulus measures and active labour market policies are preferable under current conditions.
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  • 172
    ISBN: 9789264077256
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development in the Middle East and North Africa
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Supporting investment policy and governance reforms in Iraq
    RVK:
    Keywords: Investitionspolitik ; Investitionsrecht ; Internationales Investitionsrecht ; Korruption ; Öffentlicher Auftrag ; Irak ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Iraq ; Irak ; Investitionspolitik ; Wirtschaftsreform ; Internationale Politik
    Abstract: This publication reviews measures taken to support investment policy and governance reforms in Iraq. It finds that Iraqi parliamentary elections, held without major security incidents in March 2010, are the latest in a series of indicators suggesting that the country may be achieving greater stability in governance and security - a key prerequisite for foreign and domestic investment, growth and job creation. Furthermore, the business environment is gradually improving as a result of an ongoing institutional capacity building process supported by the international community. The MENA-OECD Initiative on Governance and Investment for Development is part of this effort, playing a key role in building the capacity of the National Investment Commission and its one-stop shop for investment licensing. The Initiative has helped raise awareness on corruption and bribery issues, provided training for the negotiators of international agreements, and advised on implementing regulations for the landmark Investment Law of 2006. This publication examines these issues, and MENA-OECD involvement in advancing them, for the period 2007-2008.
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  • 173
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9264079653 , 9789264079656
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (125 p)
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2010 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guide pour le développement des politiques de consommation
    RVK:
    Keywords: Consumers ; Consumer protection ; Verbraucherpolitik
    Abstract: The markets for goods and services have undergone significant changes over the past 20 years. Regulatory reform, more open global markets, new technologies, and growth in the role of services in economic activity have driven the changes, which in many instances have provided significant benefits to consumers. Relatively little attention has been paid to the challenges these developments have posed for consumers. More choice and more complexity in many markets have made it increasingly difficult for them to compare and assess the value of products and services. The challenges for consumers have raised similar challenges for the government authorities responsible for protecting them from unfair commercial practices and fraud. This book examines how markets have evolved and provides insights for improved consumer policy making. It explores, for the first time, how what we have learned through the study of behavioural economics is changing the way policy makers are addressing p
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 174
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264086449
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (114 p.)
    Series Statement: Value for Money in Government
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Public administration after "New Public Management"
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    Keywords: Regierung ; Öffentlicher Dienst ; Öffentliche Verwaltung ; Neues Steuerungsmodell ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Management ; Verwaltung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Public administration has entered a new age. In the 1980s, “less” government was the prevailing idea; in the 1990s and early 21st century, “New Public Management” was the dominant theme. Today, public administration is moving in new directions. Reforms are focusing on the quality of services for citizens and businesses and on the efficiency of administration (the “back office” of government). The OECD is studying these new trends in a multi-annual, cross-country project called “Value for Money in Government”. This is the first report in a new OECD series on the topic. The book examines four themes in nine OECD countries: the development of shared service centres, the steering and control of agencies, automatic productivity cuts, and spending review procedures. In addition, it contains a quantitative analysis of the size of employment in central government. The countries studied are Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Ireland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Sweden and the United Kingdom. The book pays particular attention to the case of the Netherlands, the country that first proposed an OECD study on value for money in government.
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  • 175
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264059474
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mesurer l'innovation ; Un nouveau regard
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measuring innovation
    DDC: 338.064
    RVK:
    Keywords: Innovation ; Innovationsmanagement ; Education ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; OECD*Innovation*Messverfahren*Indikator*Forschungsbericht*Globalisierung*Bildungsabschluss*Mobilität*Bildungspolitik*Neue Technologien*Kooperation*Regierung*Interdisziplinarität*öffentliche Trägerschaft*Private Trägerschaft*Welt*Europa*Asien*Australien*Afrika*Nordamerika*Südamerika ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Innovation ; Unternehmen ; Innovationsmanagement
    Abstract: Measuring Innovation: A New Perspective presents new measures and new ways of looking at traditional indicators. It builds on 50 years of indicator development by OECD and goes beyond R&D to describe the broader context in which innovation occurs. It includes some experimental indicators that provide insight into new areas of policy interest. It highlights measurement gaps and proposes directions for advancing the measurement agenda. This publication begins by describing innovation today. It looks at what is driving innovation in firms, and how the scientific and research landscape is being reconfigured by convergence, interdisciplinarity and the new geography of innovation hot spots. It presents broader measures of innovation, for example using new indicators of investment in intangible assets and trademarks. Human capital is the basic input of innovation, and a series of indicators looks at how well education systems are contributing to the knowledge and research bases. Further series examine how firms transform skills and knowledge, and shed light on the different roles of public and private investment in fostering innovation and reaping its rewards, with concrete examples from major global challenges such as health and climate change. Measuring Innovation is a major step towards evidence-based innovation policy making. It complements traditional “positioning”-type indicators with ones that show how innovation is, or could be, linked to policy. It also recognises that much more remains to be done, and points to the measurement challenges statisticians, researchers and policy makers alike need to address.
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  • 176
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264082229
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Human Resource Management in Government
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Avaliação da Gestão de Recursos Humanos no Governo - Relatório da OCDE; Brasil; Governo Federal (Portuguese version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of human resource management in government
    DDC: 658.3
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regierung ; Personalmanagement ; Brasilien ; Employment ; Governance ; Brazil ; Brasilien ; Regierung ; Öffentlicher Dienst ; Personalpolitik
    Abstract: This review of human resource management (HRM) in the federal government of Brazil provides a detailed diagnosis of the management of government employees, and solutions for improving it. The assessments and the recommendations are based on the lessons learned from the experience of OECD member countries. This review assesses whether: the federal government is managing the size, skills, and competencies of its workforce in a sustainable manner; the HRM system in government is strategic and performance oriented; there is a balance between the flexibility and consistency of HRM practices; the values promoted by the government are consistent with management rules and practices.
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  • 177
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: 2009
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Henrard, Valentine Slovenia
    DDC: 331.12094973
    RVK:
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Arbeitsmarkt ; Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Flexicurity ; Sozialpolitik ; Slowenien ; Slowenien ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Beschäftigungsentwicklung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Rentenversicherung ; Sozialpolitik
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  • 178
    ISBN: 9789264068476
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (233 p.) , ill.
    Edition: Second edition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mesure du capital - Manuel de l'OCDE 2009 ; Deuxième édition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Medición del capital - Manual OCDE 2009 ; Segunda edición
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mesure du capital - Manuel de l'OCDE 2009 : Deuxième édition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Medición del capital - Manual OCDE 2009 : Segunda edición
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measuring capital
    RVK:
    Keywords: Kapitalstock ; Messung ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Kapitalbildung ; Kapitalvermögen ; Kapitalertrag ; Messung
    Abstract: Capital - in particular of the physical sort - plays several roles in economic life: it constitutes wealth and it it provides services in production processes. Capital is invested, disinvested and it depreciates and becomes obsolescent and there is a question how to measure all these dimensions of capital in industry and national accounts. This revised Capital Manual is a comprehensive guide to the approaches toward capital measurement. It gives statisticians, researchers and analysts practical advice while providing theoretical background and an overview of the relevant literature. The manual comes in three parts - a first part with a non-technical description with the main concepts and steps involved in measuring capital; a second part directed at implementation and a third part outlining theory and a more complete mathematical formulation of the measurement process.
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  • 179
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264059597
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Faire respecter les normes environnementales ; Tendances et bonnes pratiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ensuring Environmental Compliance; Trends and Good Practices (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ensuring environmental compliance
    DDC: 363.7/0526
    RVK:
    Keywords: OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Umweltpolitik ; Internationale Kooperation ; Information ; Kommunikation ; Implementation ; Effektivität ; Environment ; Governance ; Umweltpolitik
    Abstract: Despite progress in recent years, there is growing evidence that OECD countries are not on track to reach some of their key environmental goals. This report examines the strategies and instruments that governments use to ensure compliance with pollution prevention and control regulations, particularly in the industrial sector. It compares the compliance assurance systems of six OECD countries – Finland, France, Japan, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the United States – as well as those of China and Russia. The report provides policy makers, environmental regulators, and other stakeholders with a comprehensive analysis of the design, management aspects, and the main elements of government compliance and enforcement programmes. Focusing on compliance promotion, compliance monitoring, and non-compliance response, it identifies and compares good practices, sets them in context of different countries’ regulatory cultures and highlights the key international trends.
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  • 180
    ISBN: 9789264044814
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (454 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Globalisation and emerging economies
    DDC: 330.9172/4
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationale Wirtschaft ; Außenwirtschaftspolitik ; Globalisierung ; Schwellenländer ; Brasilien ; Russland ; Indien ; Indonesien ; China ; Südafrika ; Trade ; Brazil ; China, People’s Republic ; India ; Indonesia ; Russian Federation ; South Africa ; Schwellenländer ; Globalisierung ; Außenwirtschaft ; Schwellenländer ; Globalisierung ; Außenwirtschaftspolitik ; Brasilien ; Russland ; Indien ; Indonesien ; China ; Südafrika ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Außenhandel ; Globalisierung
    Abstract: OECD countries still dominate the world economy, but their share of world trade dropped from 73% in 1992 to 64% in 2005, and some of the world’s most important economies are not members of the OECD. Foremost among these are the so-called BRIICS: Brazil, Russia, India, Indonesia, China and South Africa. This book analyses key elements of the trade performance of the BRIICS in relation to the rest of the world, focusing on trade and other policies influencing that performance. Developments in global trade policy are reviewed, notably the impact of preferential trade agreements on the multilateral system and patterns of world trade are described using both indices that reveal networks of trading relations and more standard modeling results. As well as the global analysis, the book also presents a separate chapter for each of the BRIICS, examining the key development and trade issues in each of the six countries over the past few years.
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  • 181
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264050877
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Series Statement: Better Aid
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Efficacité de l'aide ; Rapport d'étape sur la mise en oeuvre de la Déclaration de Paris
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Aid effectiveness
    RVK:
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungsstrategie ; Entwicklungsländer ; Entwicklungsfinanzierung ; Entwicklungszusammenarbeit ; Internationale Kooperation ; Effektivität ; Development ; OECD ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Effizienz
    Abstract: The 2005 Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness defines the principles and commitments by which donors and developing countries intend to ensure that aid is as effective as possible in contributing to the Millennium Development Goals and other internationally agreed development objectives. This report is a mid-term review of progress towards these commitments, drawing on the 2008 Paris Declaration Monitoring Survey and the Evaluation Synthesis Report among many other sources. Part I highlights the main actionable lessons and messages emerging from the analysis of progress to date. Part II covers the commitments under the five Partnership Principles related to ownership, alignment, harmonisation, development results and mutual accountability, together with four subjects of critical relevance: sector perspectives, the role of civil society organisations, situations of fragility and conflict, and the changing aid architecture.
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  • 182
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264060616
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (183 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Adema, Willem Chile
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Arbeitsmarkt ; Armut ; Einkommensverteilung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik ; Altersvorsorge ; Chile ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Chile ; Chile ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Sozialpolitik
    Abstract: This report analyses in detail the implications of recent developments in Chile's labour market and social policy and considers the available policy options from the perspective of OECD countries’ experience. The report finds that Chile has enjoyed rising living standards over two decades of strong economic growth. The incidence of poverty is now much lower and there is better access to adequate housing, education and healthcare. Nevertheless, Chile’s income distribution remains disturbingly unequal by OECD standards. This is partly due to Chile’s a relatively low employment rate, especially for women, but it also reflects a segmented labour market, where much of the recent job creation has occurred in relatively low-productive sectors. Moreover, despite the existence of an internationally renowned pension programme, Chile’s social protection system as a whole has still a relatively long way to go before reaching the standards of developed countries in terms of effective coverage and capacity to assist needy households. Chilean policy makers have begun to develop and implement a series of ambitious reforms, intended to promote the twin goals of work and equity.
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  • 183
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264060098
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (190 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Promoting consumer education
    DDC: 381.33
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Verbraucherpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Verbrauchererziehung ; Verbraucherschutz ; Internationaler Vergleich ; OECD
    Abstract: Consumers today are challenged by growing amounts of information and wider choices of products, requiring them to develop skills and knowledge for making good choices in complex markets. This publication examines the approaches that governments use to promote consumer education in OECD and some non-OECD countries, highlighting the policies and measures that have been particularly effective. It also analyses recent trends, the role of stakeholders, steps being taken to evaluate the effectiveness of current programmes and the principal challenges.
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  • 184
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264056169
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Better Aid
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gérer les ressources pour le développement ; L'utilisation des systèmes nationaux de gestion des finances publiques
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Managing development resources
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungsfinanzierung ; Development ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungsfinanzierung
    Abstract: Successful development depends in large part on the efficiency, integrity and effectiveness with which the state raises, manages and expends public resources. Improving the rules and institutions governing these activities should be a major component, therefore, of any development approach. Given that strengthening Public Financial Management (PFM) is at the heart of the Millennium Development Goals, and good governance more generally, the Paris Declaration (2005) seeks to promote joint efforts in this area between donors and partner countries. This report takes stock of progress in strengthening public financial management systems and provides recommendations on how best to facilitate achieving the 2010 targets set out in the Paris Declaration. It sets out the benefits of and rationale for using country systems, assesses progress in meeting the Paris Declaration targets, reviews the landscape of PFM reforms in partner countries, looks at drivers of successful PFM reforms, examines the factors that influence decisions to use country PFM systems, focusing on the perceived risks and their assessment and management, and describes the PEFA (Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability) assessment, which provides information on the quality of a country’s PFM system. This report shows that now, as perhaps never before, partner countries and donors must strive to build mutual trust and work together in a true partnership for results.
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  • 185
    ISBN: 9789264075696
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Implementing energy efficiency policies 2009
    RVK:
    Keywords: Energieeinsparung ; Energiepolitik ; Welt ; Energy ; Bericht ; Internationale Energieagentur ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Energiepolitik ; Effizienz
    Abstract: This book presents 25 energy efficiency recommendations from the IEA which could, if implemented globally without delay, reduce global CO2 emissions by 8.2 gigatonnes per year by 2030 – equivalent to roughly two-times the amount of current EU CO2 emissions. This innovative book provides the first assessment of IEA member countries’ progress on implementing energy efficiency policy. Using a rigorous evaluation process, it finds that while these countries are implementing a full range of energy efficiency measures, their efforts fall short. Pressing energy, climate and financial challenges require even more energy efficiency policy action – particularly in the transport sector. To address this action gap, IEA member countries must urgently ramp up their energy efficiency policy efforts. The IEA and its member countries can play a critical role in promoting the Agency’s call for “Worldwide Implementation Now” (W.I.N.) of energy efficiency. What will it be? W.I.N or lose the opportunity?
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  • 186
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264050921
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement ; Viet Nam 2009 ; Évaluation du Cadre d'action pour l'investissement
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD investment policy reviews
    RVK:
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Vietnam ; Finance and Investment ; Viet Nam ; Direktinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Vietnam
    Abstract: This publication presents the results of the first OECD investment policy review of Vietnam. It finds that the progress Vietnam has achieved in less than two decades in putting into place a legal framework and implementing policies that mobilise private investment, including international direct investment, to support economic growth and the prosperity of Vietnam’s citizens has been remarkable. Starting from a situation in which the economy was essentially closed to private and international investment, Vietnam is now considered to be one of the very attractive economies in the world for investment.
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  • 187
    ISBN: 9789264059245
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'emploi informel dans les pays en développement ; Une normalité indépassable ?
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Is informal normal?
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Informelle Wirtschaft ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Entwicklungsländer ; Employment ; Development ; Entwicklungsländer ; Schattenwirtschaft ; Beschäftigung
    Abstract: The informal sector deprives states of revenues and workers of social protection. It also, however, frequently constitutes the most dynamic part of the economy and creates massive employment. Informal employment is ubiquitous and growing. The financial crisis that began in 2008 has made the management of informal employment even more challenging. Responding to this emerging challenge is critical, not only for the well being of millions of workers but also for social development. Is Informal Normal? provides evidence for policy makers on how to deal with this issue of crucial importance for developing and developed countries alike. This book includes StatLinks, URLs linking charts and graphs to Excel files containing the data. “In countries such as China, the exceptional scale of rural to urban migration amplifies the challenges from informality. This work provides valuable analytical results for understanding this major transformation, its problems and impacts.” -Professor Li Shi, Beijing Normal University “This volume is an important contribution to the current policy debates on the informal economy. It recommends providing support to the working poor in the informal economy, making formal structures more efficient and flexible and creating more formal jobs.” -Professor Marty Chen, Harvard Kennedy School and WIEGO “The strengths of this volume are many: evidence that “Informal Is Normal;” references to many newer studies and ways of thinking; the consistent three-pronged strategy; accessibility. Is Informal Normal? will serve as a reference in the literature on informality for years to come.” -Professor Gary Fields, Cornell University
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  • 188
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264039162
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (250 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Piedmont, Italy
    RVK:
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Technologiepolitik ; Regionalpolitik ; Piemont ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Italy ; Piemont ; Innovationsförderung ; Regionale Wirtschaftsförderung
    Abstract: Piedmont is one of the top ten manufacturing regions in Europe and enjoys the highest levels of business investment in R&D in Italy. Birthplace of the most famous Italian automotive company - Fiat – and home to many heavy engineering and manufacturing firms, the region has long been a central part of the national industrial core. Yet since the early 1970s, the fragility of Piedmont's production system has slowly became evident. This report reviews how Piedmont’s new regional strategy supports innovation and how its efforts can be improved.
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  • 189
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264059528
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (189 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Flexible policy for more and better jobs
    RVK:
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; OECD ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik
    Abstract: In today’s economic context, governments are required to take centre stage, helping workers to compete in the global market whilst also supporting employers so that they may retain jobs, increase productivity and offer better-quality employment at the local level. This book provides a new indicator for benchmarking labour-market policy, reviewing the flexibility available in its management throughout OECD countries. The research offers new evidence of the link between flexibility and employment outcomes. Concrete examples of how localities can harness greater flexibility to generate better economic and social outcomes are provided. The new style of management recommended in this book will be key to any national strategy for returning economies to prosperity.
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  • 190
    ISBN: 9789264060203
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Series Statement: Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Australia
    DDC: 331.3/40994
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Australien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia ; Australien ; Jugendlicher Arbeitnehmer ; Arbeitsmarkt
    Abstract: Whatever the level of qualification, first experiences on the labour market have a profound influence on later working life. Getting off to a good start facilitates integration and lays the foundation for a good career, while a failure can be difficult to make up. This report contains - for Australia - a survey of the main barriers to employment for young people, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to improve the transition from school-to-work, as well as a set of policy recommendations for further action.
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  • 191
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264060135
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (418 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Estudios de la OCDE de Innovación Regional; 15 estados mexicanos
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als 15 Mexican states
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regionalökonomik ; Regionales Cluster ; Technologiepolitik ; Mexiko ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Mexico ; Mexiko ; Regionale Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Technische Innovation
    Abstract: Despite macro-economic stability in recent years, Mexico still suffers from stagnant productivity growth. Mexico’s long-term competitiveness in a global context will require greater public and private action to spur innovation and economic growth in regions throughout the country. This report reviews how both national and state policies in Mexico can better support regional innovation systems and includes profiles of 15 states.
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  • 192
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264062689
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Better Aid
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La gestion de l'aide ; Pratiques des pays membres du CAD
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Thioléron, Elisabeth Managing aid
    RVK:
    Keywords: Development ; OECD ; OECD Development Assistance Committee ; Entwicklungshilfe
    Abstract: Development co-operation donors are held accountable for the way they manage aid and the development results they achieve. They want to see more partner country ownership, greater use of partner country systems, and work better together. This involves decentralising responsibility, concentrating efforts, managing for results, creating new systems, changing staff profiles, and building capacity in donor and partner countries. This book outlines what individual donors are doing to fulfil their development co-operation ambitions and their part of the international agreements – reached in Paris in 2005 (Paris Declaration) and Accra in 2008 (Accra Agenda for Action) – to make aid more effective.
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  • 193
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264076884
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Cities, towns & renewable energy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung ; Stadt ; Energieversorgung ; Energieeinsparung ; Erneuerbare Energie ; Welt ; Energy ; Environment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Stadtökologie ; Energieversorgung ; Erneuerbare Energien ; Energieeinsparung
    Abstract: Local governments have the power to influence the energy choices of their citizens. Many cities and towns have already encouraged energy efficiency measures. Even so, as demand for energy services continues to grow, the energy infrastructure that every city and town depends on will need to be expanded, upgraded or replaced. This provides the opportunity to increase the deployment of renewable energy technologies and decentralised energy systems, and hence gain the multi-benefits of increased energy security, climate change mitigation and sustainable development, but also the social benefits of reduced air pollution, such as improved health and employment. Many combinations of policies have been employed to stimulate local renewable energy development. These policies include: local governance by authority; providing resources; enabling private actors; leading by example; allowing self-governance. Mega-city mayors, down to small-town officials, have successfully introduced such policies, although these vary with location, local resources and population. Cities, Towns and Renewable Energy – “ Yes In My Front Yard “ includes several case studies chosen to illustrate how enhanced deployment of renewable energy projects can result, regardless of a community’s size or location. The goals of this report are to inspire city stakeholders by showing how renewable energy systems can benefit citizens and businesses, assist national governments to better appreciate the role that local municipalities might play in meeting national and international objectives, and help accelerate the necessary transition to a sustainable energy future.
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  • 194
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264056527
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principes de l'OCDE pour renforcer l'intégrité dans les marchés publics
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. OECD OECD principles for integrity in public procurement
    DDC: 352.5/3
    RVK:
    Keywords: Government purchasing ; Governance ; OECD ; Integrität ; Öffentliche Beschaffung
    Abstract: The OECD Principles for Integrity in Public Procurement are a ground-breaking instrument that promotes good governance in the entire procurement cycle, from needs assessment to contract management. Based on acknowledged good practices in OECD and non-member countries, they represent a significant step forward. They provide guidance for the implementation of international legal instruments developed within the framework of the OECD, as well as other organisations such as the United Nations, the World Trade Organisation and the European Union. In addition to the Principles, this exhaustive publication includes a Checklist for implementing the framework throughout the entire public procurement cycle. It also gives a comprehensive map of risks that can help auditors prevent as well as detect fraud and corruption. Finally, it features a useful case study on Morocco, where a pilot application of the Principles was carried out. “The Checklist will help governments and agencies to develop more transparent, efficient procurement systems” -Nicolas Raigorodsky, Under-secretary of Transparency Policies, Anticorruption Office, Argentina “Public procurement is one of the most important public governance issues. Action is needed to ensure integrity by reducing bribery and corruption” -Business and Industry Advisory Committee to the OECD “The general thrust and content of the document is commendable. Much of it tracks very closely to the United Nations Convention Against Corruption and the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law Model Law” -Stuart Gilman, Head of the UN Global Programme Against Corruption and the Anticorruption Unit, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Principles de l'OECD pour renforcer l'intégrité dans les marchés publics
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  • 195
    ISBN: 9789264073036
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La crise financière ; Réforme et stratégies de sortie
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La crise financière : Réforme et stratégies de sortie
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The financial crisis
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationaler Finanzmarkt ; Finanzkrise ; Welt ; Internationale Finanzpolitik ; Internationaler Kreditmarkt ; Finanzkrise ; Bank ; Insolvenz ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Erde ; Finanzkrise
    Abstract: The financial crisis required governments to make massive interventions in their financial systems. This book sets out priorities for reforming incentives in financial markets as well as for phasing out these emergency measures.
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  • 196
    ISBN: 9789264056015
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (250 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: West African Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les enjeux régionaux des migrations ouest-africaines ; Perspectives africaines et européennes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Trémolières, Marie Regional challenges of West African migration
    DDC: 325/.266
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Economic Community of West African States ; Internationale Migration ; Westafrika ; Internationale Migration ; Zuwanderer ; Repatriierung ; Migrationspolitik ; Freizügigkeit ; Internationale Organisation ; Politik ; Fallstudie ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Westafrika ; Europa ; Maghreb ; Mauretanien ; Senegal ; Westafrika ; Flüchtling
    Abstract: This publication presents contributions by international experts on various aspects of West African migration. It provides a contrasting perspective to current debates which essentially focus on security issues. This rather non-institutional approach promotes a constant dialogue based on analyses of the actual situation: the authors encourage "win-win" mobility for all parties involved (Europe, North Africa and West Africa), whether it be a host, transit or departure country.
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  • 197
    ISBN: 9789264044418
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (118 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Réduction de la capacité de pêche ; Bonnes pratiques en matière de plans de sortie de flotte
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Cox, Anthony Reducing fishing capacity
    RVK:
    Keywords: Fischereipolitik ; Produktionskapazität ; Fischschutz ; Fish populations ; Fisheries Economic aspects ; Fishery management ; Fishery policy ; Fishes Conservation ; Agriculture and Food ; Graue Literatur ; OECD ; Fischereipolitik ; Fischerei ; Fischbestand ; Kapazitätsmanagement
    Abstract: Too many fishing vessels chasing too few fish is a persistent problem in many countries. To address this, governments often turn to vessel decommissioning schemes as a means of adjusting fishing capacity to match available fish resources. This report presents a set of best practice guidelines on the design and implementation of decommissioning schemes. By drawing on case studies of decommissioning schemes from OECD and non-OECD countries, it provides policy makers and fisheries managers with detailed analysis of the economic issues surrounding decommissioning schemes.
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 111 - 116 , Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Réduction de la capacité de pêche
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  • 198
    ISBN: 9789264073302
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (166 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Community capacity building
    RVK:
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Graue Literatur ; Bürgerbeteiligung ; Gemeindeentwicklung
    Abstract: Community capacity building (CCB) is a fairly new term for an age-old good: enabling people to define their own destinies. This book presents and analyses some of the most interesting recent developments in the field of community capacity building, in a variety of OECD and non-OECD countries. The focus is on how CCB has effected change in three major areas: social policy (health, housing, community regeneration); local economic policy; and environmental policy. The book also outlines the common conditions required for CCB to take hold and thrive, allowing for the political voice of local communities to be clearly heard.
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  • 199
    ISBN: 9789264073616
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (302 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Économie de la lutte contre le changement climatique ; Politiques et options pour une action globale au-delà de 2012
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. The economics of climate change mitigation
    DDC: 530
    RVK:
    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Klimaschutz ; Entwicklungsländer ; Climatic changes Economic aspects ; Climatic changes Government policy ; Environmental economics ; Environmental policy ; Greenhouse gas mitigation Economic aspects ; Greenhouse gas mitigation Government policy ; Environment ; Entwicklungsländer ; Klimaänderung ; Klimaschutz ; Umweltpolitik ; Soziale Kosten ; Umweltökonomie
    Abstract: Against the background of a projected doubling of world greenhouse gas emissions by mid-century, this book explores feasible ways to abate them at least cost. Through quantitative analysis, it addresses key climate policy issues including: an ideal set of climate policy tools; the size of the economic and environmental costs of incomplete country or sector coverage of climate change mitigation policies; how to concretely develop a global carbon market; the case for, and what can we reasonably expect from, R&D and technology support policies; and the incentives for major emitting countries to join a climate change mitigation agreement.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Économie de la lutte contre le changement climatique
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  • 200
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264056442
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (158 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manuel de l'OCDE sur les statistiques des brevets
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manual de estadísticas de patentes de la OCDE
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD patent statistics manual
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Patent ; Datenerhebung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Anleitung ; Patent ; Statistik
    Abstract: This 2009 edition of the OECD Patent Statistics Manual takes stock of the recent developments in the field. It provides guiding principles for the use of patent data in the context of S&T measurement, and recommendations for the compilation and interpretation of patent indicators in this context. It aims to show what patent statistics can and cannot be used for, and how to count patents in order to maximise information on S&T activities while minimising statistical noise and biases. Finally, it describes how patent data can be used in the analysis of a wide array of topics related to technical change and patenting activity including industry-science linkages, patenting strategies by companies, internationalisation of research, and indicators on the value of patents.
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