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  • 2000-2004  (4,931)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (2,804)
  • Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest  (2,127)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Politique et droit de la concurrence en Afrique du Sud (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 7-79
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3452
    Language: French
    Pages: 74 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Competition Law and Policy in South Africa
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 7-79
    Keywords: Governance ; South Africa
    Abstract: L’un des éléments de la révolution pacifique de l’Afrique du Sud au cours de la dernière décennie est la réforme de ses institutions de politique de la concurrence. Le système précédent avait appuyé un régime économique caractérisé par l’autarcie, la protection, le dirigisme et une forte concentration. Le nouveau dispositif comporte deux grands axes : utiliser la politique de la concurrence pour corriger les défauts de l’ancien système et promouvoir les objectifs généraux d’emploi et de partage du pouvoir économique. L’Afrique du Sud aspire à un régime de politique de la concurrence moderne, à la hauteur d’une économie dont une bonne partie est bien dotée en ressources. Les nouvelles instances de la concurrence, répondant dans une large mesure à la nécessité d’opérer à partir de 1994 une restructuration fondamentale des institutions publiques, ont fait la preuve de leur capacité à traiter des questions structurelles complexes lorsqu’il s’est agi de se prononcer sur un grand nombre de fusions. L’extrême juridisme qui régnait dans l’administration et les entreprises a mis ces nouvelles instances au défi de prouver leur savoir-faire et a testé leurs prérogatives. Maintenant que la procédure d’examen des fusions a été mise en place, il conviendrait de prêter davantage attention aux questions autres que les fusions et, probablement aussi à la promotion de la concurrence. Les ressources sont limitées et il est crucial d’élargir et de renforcer les compétences du personnel professionnel. Pour maintenir une politique de la concurrence cohérente dans les secteurs régulés, il est indispensable de consolider les liens avec les organismes sectoriels de régulation ...
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art14-fr
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Réforme de la gestion publique : Connaissance du contexte et expérience internationale (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 3, no. 3, p. 137-153
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 18 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Public Management Reform: Reliable Knowledge and International Experience
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 3, p. 137-153
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Dans le présent document, je souhaite aborder certaines questions fondamentales concernant la nature des connaissances relatives à la réforme de la gestion publique, et en particulier sa transférabilité entre différents pays et contextes. Je m’intéresserai principalement au fait que les connaissances concernant ce qui fonctionne et ce qui ne fonctionne pas dépendent en général très largement du contexte, c’est-à-dire qu’une technique ou une structure organisationnelle qui porte ses fruits dans un endroit peut s’avérer un échec dans un autre. Ainsi, pour parler sans ambages, il n’existe pas de jeu d’outils généraux pouvant être transféré d’une administration à une autre à travers le monde avec la certitude qu’ils fonctionneront bien à chaque fois....
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art19-fr
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  • 3
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    Public Opinion Polling and the Millennium Development Goals (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 53 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.238
    Keywords: Development ; Millenniumsziele ; Demoskopie
    Abstract: Monitoring changes in public awareness and attitudes in rich countries towards aid and other international development policy issues is extremely difficult: due to lack of systematic polling or monitoring, there is no reliable, comparable data across DAC member countries. This paper suggests a way to address this problem: a common questionnaire for all DAC countries to use in their national surveys, centred on the Millennium Development Goals. It sums up the process that led to the setting up of this questionnaire, provides a short analysis of the main methodological issues and brings together three versions, respectively for face-to-face, phone or mail processing. These should allow information and communication professionals, as well as policy makers, to improve the comparability of public opinion surveys in OECD DAC member countries on development and the MDGs, especially if — as proposed by the European Commission’s Directorate General for Development — parts of the ...
    DOI: 10.1787/645770304446
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Test No. 432: In Vitro 3T3 NRU Phototoxicity Test (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264071162
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (15 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 432; Essai de phototoxicité in vitro 3T3 NRU
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 432: Essai de phototoxicité in vitro 3T3 NRU
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes a method to evaluate photo-cytotoxicity by the relative reduction in viability of cells exposed to the chemical in the presence versus absence of light. Balb/c 3T3 cells are maintained in culture for 24 h for formation of monolayers. Two 96-well plates are pre-incubated with eight different concentrations of the test substance for 1 h. Thereafter one of the two plates is exposed to the highest non-cytotoxic irradiation dose whereas the other plate is kept in the dark. Cytotoxicity in this test is expressed as a concentration-dependent reduction of the uptake of the Vital dye Neutral Red (NR) when measured 24 hours after treatment with the test chemical and irradiation. NR penetrates cell membranes by non-diffusion, accumulating in lysosomes. Alterations of the cell surface of the sensitive lysosomal membrane lead to lysosomal fragility and other changes that gradually become irreversible. Such changes result in a decreased uptake and binding of NR. It is thus possible to distinguish between viable, damaged or dead cells. To predict the phototoxic potential, the concentration responses obtained in the presence and in the absence of irradiation are compared, usually at the IC50 level, i.e., the concentration reducing cell viability to 50 % compared to the untreated controls. Software to be used with TG 425, 432, 455. Click here. Software not part of the Mutual Acceptance of Data.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264071162-en
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Competition Law and Policy in South Africa (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 7-69
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 64 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Politique et droit de la concurrence en Afrique du Sud
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 7-69
    Keywords: Governance ; South Africa
    Abstract: One of the elements of South Africa’s peaceful revolution over the last decade was reform of its competition policy institutions. The previous system had supported the previous economic system, characterised by autarky, protection, government direction, and high concentration. The new system promised to use competition policy to correct the faults of the old system and to promote policy goals of employment and empowerment. South Africa aspires to a modern competition policy regime, to deal with the well-resourced sophistication of much of the South African economy. Its new institutions, whose novelty responds in large part to the post-1994 imperative for fundamental restructuring of government institutions, have shown a capacity to deal confidently with complex structural issues in deciding dozens of merger cases. A legalistic business and government culture has challenged these new bodies to prove their competence and tested their jurisdiction. Now that the merger review process has been established, more attention should be paid to non-merger matters and probably to advocacy as well. Resources are stretched, and there is a critical need to improve the depth and strengthen the capacity of the professional staff. Maintaining consistent competition policy in regulated sectors will requiring reinforcing the relationships with sectoral regulators ...
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art14-en
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SHA-Based Health Accounts in 13 OECD Countries - Country Studies - Japan : National Health Accounts 2000 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 40 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.6
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Japan
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the sixth in this series, presenting the Japanese SHA-based health accounts.
    DOI: 10.1787/368578225084
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Banking Reform in Russia : Problems and Prospects (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 47 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.410
    Keywords: Economics ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: This paper examines the state of the Russian banking sector in 2004 and assesses the most important reform initiatives of the last two years, including deposit insurance legislation, a major reform of the framework for prudential supervision, steps to increase transparency in the sector, and measures to facilitate the development of specific banking activities. The overall conclusion that emerges from this analysis is that the Russian authorities’ approach to banking reform is to be commended. The design of the reform strategy reflects an awareness of the need for a ‘good fit’ between its major elements, and the main lines of the reform address some of the principal problems of the sector. The major lacuna in the Russian bank reform strategy concerns the future of state-owned banks. Despite a long-standing official commitment to reducing the role of the state – and of the Bank of Russia in particular – in the ownership of credit institutions, there is still a need for a much more ...
    DOI: 10.1787/346560635401
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  • 8
    Online Resource
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    Managing Request-Offer Negotiations Under the GATS : The Case of Legal Services (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 43 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Working Papers no.2
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Papers no.2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Organisation des negociations fondées sur le principe des "offres et requêtes" dans le cadre de l'AGCS : Le cas des services juridiques
    Keywords: Trade
    Abstract: This study forms part of on-going OECD work on trade in services, in co-operation with UNCTAD, aimed at assisting WTO Members in managing request-offer negotiations under the GATS. The key objective is to help officials of WTO Members in both gaining a greater insight into the particular issues of importance in the legal services sector and how they might be approached in the negotiations. While only modest liberalisation of legal services trade was achieved during the Uruguay Round, the current negotiations offer the opportunity to achieve greater levels of liberalisation, which may lead to significant economic benefits to all countries. In addition, the peculiar characteristic of legal services is that the potential downsides stemming from liberalisation — both in terms of market failures to achieve social objectives and of the displacement of local suppliers — are likely to be less significant in these services.
    DOI: 10.1787/828686816540
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Questions de concurrence et de réglementation en matière de fusions dans les médias : Contributions par pays (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 193-193
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3452
    Language: French
    Pages: 2 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Competition and Regulation Issues in Telecommunications: Country Contributions
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le droit et la politique de la concurrence
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 193-193
    Keywords: Governance
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art18-fr
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  • 10
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    Towards More Harmonised Estimates of Investment in Software (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: economic studies Vol. 2003, no. 2, p. 185-200
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2856
    Language: English
    Pages: 26 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vers une harmonisation des estimations de l'investissement en logiciels
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: economic studies
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2003, no. 2, p. 185-200
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The latest system of national accounts (SNA93) recommended that purchases of software (and any ownaccount production) should be treated as investment as long as the acquisition satisfied conventional asset requirements. This change added about 1 per cent to GDP in most OECD economies in the mid-1990s. However, the range of the revision has been significantly different across countries, leading many observers to question the comparability of these statistics. An OECD task force has formulated a set of recommendations describing a harmonised method for estimating software and this paper provides estimates of changes to GDP levels and growth that might be expected if the OECD recommendations were applied. Estimates of changes are also presented using an alternative harmonised method. Whichever harmonised method is applied, the impact on GDP levels is likely to be significant, and in some countries about 1 per cent of GDP ...
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-v2003-art12-en
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  • 11
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    Natural Disasters and Adaptive Capacity (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.237
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Natural disasters (droughts, earthquakes, epidemics, floods, wind storms) damage wellbeing, both in their immediate and long-term aftermath, and because the insecurity of exposure to disasters is in itself harmful to risk-averse people. As such, mitigating and coping with the risk of natural disasters is a pressing issue for economic development. This paper provides a conceptual framework for understanding natural disasters. Disasters, which imply tragic human costs, are distinguished from hazards, which are events like earthquakes or flooding: hazards only translate into disasters when societies are vulnerable to them. Consequently international development policy can play a role in reducing the costs of disasters by addressing vulnerability. A review of two recent disasters — the Turkish earthquakes of 1999, and Hurricane Mitch in 1998 — illustrates the importance of precarious urbanisation and environmental degradation for increased vulnerability to natural hazards. These cases ...
    DOI: 10.1787/827805005406
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  • 12
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    La condition des femmes en Inde, Kenya, Soudan et Tunisie (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 75 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.235
    Keywords: Development ; India ; Kenya ; Sudan ; Tunisia
    Abstract: The institutional framework of a country plays a determining role in the well-being of the women who live in it. This paper examines the cases of four case countries: India, Kenya, Sudan and Tunisia. In each of these case studies, the status of women has been analysed along with the reforms that have been implemented to improve it. Comparisons between the four countries have brought to light several obstacles to change in the institutional framework such as age-old traditions, religion, economic interests and parliamentary opposition. Where there are important initial obstacles, the government’s room for manoeuvre is limited, particularly in the short-term since magistrates, administrations, media and families often endeavour to postpone the application of new, more inclusive, laws. There are, however, examples of successful reform efforts. These successes are generally attributable to the presence of numerous women in parliament and government and in the legal service, the ...
    DOI: 10.1787/355565338134
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  • 13
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    Incentives and Institutional Changes in Higher Education (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 27-39
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 16 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Incitations et changements institutionnels dans l'enseignement supérieur
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 27-39
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Educational systems worldwide still continue to rely heavily on public sources of funding. Nearly 80% of the expenditure on higher education comes from public sources in OECD countries; the share is even larger in developing countries. There is a concerted effort in many countries to reduce the reliance on state funding and move towards market-friendly reforms. This involves adjustment in the macro-policy framework to induce change at the institutional level. Institutional changes could be brought about either by relying on “mandates” or on “rewards”. Mandates demand a particular form of institutional behaviour that is accompanied by the threat of punishment for a failure to comply. Rewards, on the other hand, provide incentive and motivation to change. Both rewards and incentives become effective when public policy provides a choice in behavioural changes at the institutional level. The motivation for a change of behaviour will depend on the level of performance that conditions a reward on the one hand and on the expectation for obtaining a reward, on completion of the task, on the other. In general, mandates are more easily complied with when institutions are struggling to survive, whereas incentives and rewards are preferable when institutions are striving to revive and grow. Incentives and reward systems are relied upon in many countries to induce changes in higher education. This paper will focus on the potential of effecting institutional changes through incentives...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art4-en
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  • 14
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    Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard in International Investment Law (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 41 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2004/03
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La norme du traitement juste et équitable dans le droit international des investissements
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The obligation to provide “fair and equitable treatment” is often stated, together with other standards, as part of the protection due to foreign direct investment by host countries. It is an “absolute”, “non-contingent” standard of treatment, i.e. a standard that states the treatment to be accorded in terms whose exact meaning has to be determined, by reference to specific circumstances of application, as opposed to the “relative” standards embodied in “national treatment” and “most favoured nation” principles which define the required treatment by reference to the treatment accorded to other investment1. Although some references to the standard can be found in the first negotiating attempts of multilateral trade and investment instruments, it became established as a principle mainly through the increasing network of bilateral investment treaties. The obligation of the parties to investment agreements to provide to each other’s investments “fair and equitable treatment” ...
    DOI: 10.1787/675702255435
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  • 15
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    International Procurement Regimes and the Scope for the Inclusion of Environmental Factors in Public Procurement (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 107-152
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 46 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Régimes des marchés publics à l'échelle internationale et possibilités d'intégration de facteurs environnementaux dans les achats publics
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 107-152
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Through adherence to regional trade agreements, membership in common market areas, and other international treaties, OECD member country governments have agreed to subject their public procurement procedures to a certain degree of international regulation. This paper will review the importance of legal constraints that...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art24-en
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  • 16
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    Incentives and Accountability : The Canadian Context (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 95-107
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 16 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Incitations et transparence : Le contexte canadien
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 95-107
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Since 1997, the Canadian federal government has introduced a variety of new incentives to enhance significantly the funding of university research in this country. While these funding initiatives have been welcomed by Canadian universities, they are accompanied by a heightened emphasis on accountability which dictates new eligibility conditions for universities’ access to these funds. Given that research and innovation have become more central and significant spending categories for the federal public purse, universities in Canada are increasingly subject to public scrutiny, due to concerns for public accountability and safety. The new programs often involve more strategic central co-ordination and consequently require that the university administration, and not just faculty, justify funding requests. Universities are also expected to demonstrate compliance with a growing array of federally codified guidelines and regulations. These federal expectations of accountability are multiplying as both the investment in research and the different types of funding ...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art18-en
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  • 17
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    Incitations et transparence : Le contexte canadien (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 105-119
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3592
    Language: French
    Pages: 20 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Incentives and Accountability: The Canadian Context
    Titel der Quelle: Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 105-119
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Depuis 1997, le gouvernement fédéral du Canada a mis en place diverses mesures incitatives pour accroître considérablement le financement de la recherche universitaire au pays. Ces initiatives de financement ont été bien accueillies par les universités canadiennes, mais elles accordent aussi une importance accrue à la reddition de comptes, ce qui impose aux universités de nouvelles conditions d’admissibilité à ces fonds. Étant donné que la recherche et l’innovation sont devenues des catégories de dépenses plus importantes pour les fonds publics fédéraux, les universités canadiennes sont soumises à un examen de plus en plus strict en raison des préoccupations liées à la reddition de comptes et à la sécurité publiques. Les nouveaux programmes nécessitent souvent une plus grande coordination centrale stratégique, et le personnel administratif des universités, en plus du corps professoral, doit par conséquent justifier les demandes de financement. Les universités sont également tenues de se conformer à une série croissante de directives et de règlements codifiés par le gouvernement fédéral. Ces attentes fédérales en matière de reddition de comptes se multiplient à mesure que l’investissement dans la recherche et les différents types de mécanismes de financement croissent et se compliquent du fait que les ...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art18-fr
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  • 18
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    Information and Communication Technologies : A Tool Empoweringand Developing the Horizon of the Learner (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 31-61
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 34 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Technologies de l'information et de la communication : Un outil performant qui ouvre des perspectives à l'apprentissage
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 31-61
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: In this article, we focus on the implementation and development of ICT in the education sector, challenging and developing the traditional learning environment whilst introducing new educational tools including e-learning. The paper investigates ICT as a tool empowering and developing learners lifelong learning opportunities. It defines a model of ICT development and identifies three core development stages through which basic skills, ICT skills, and lifelong learning skills are acquired. The paper further gives a description of the ICT impact on labour and education markets, the current state of development of ICT at school in EU and the needs for further investment in this area. The findings of this paper suggest that such investment is likely to have positive effects when geared towards blended learning approaches built on comprehensive policy ...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art15-en
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  • 19
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    L'Afrique Centrale et les régions transfrontalières : Perspectives de reconstruction et d'intégration (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le développement Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 51-121
    Details
    ISSN: 1996-5753
    Language: French
    Pages: 72 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Central Africa and the Cross-border Regions: Reconstruction and Integration Prospects
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le développement
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 51-121
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Cette étude montre quel est le potentiel des dynamiques régionales autour de trois grands bassins de l'Afrique Centrale: le bassin Nord-Ouest (Océan Atlantique), le bassin Est (Océan Indien) et le bassin Sud (Afrique Australe). Elle sert d'appui à l'Initiative pour l'Afrique Centrale (INICA) qui est un espace informel de dialogue et une passerelle entre le local et le régional dont le but est de soutenir les acteurs régionaux qui développent des initiatives favorables au retour de la stabilité et de la paix dans la région....
    DOI: 10.1787/journal_dev-v4-art28-fr
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    Saving Behaviour and the Effectiveness of Fiscal Policy (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 39 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.397
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper examines the extent to which fiscal policy actions may be offset by simultaneous, anticipatory changes in private saving, as well as the determinants of that offset. The conditions under which private agents will engage in forward-looking consumption-smoothing behaviour are quite strict and unlikely to hold fully in practice. However, based on a sample of at most 21 OECD countries spanning the period 1970-2002, there is strong evidence of partial, yet substantial, offsetting movements in aggregate private and public saving. The overall offset is estimated at between about one-third and one-half, depending on model specification, and applies both to public consumption and revenue shifts. This is consistent with a marked degree of anticipatory private sector behaviour, insofar as the ex ante saving “leakage” embedded in the pure Keynesian or IS/LM type models would be expected to be smaller and apply only to revenues and transfers. Wealth effects, as in the case of rising equity and housing prices, are found to have an important complementary impact on saving, usually in reinforcing the direct saving offset. Initial conditions, as reflected in debt/GDP ratios are also found to influence the size of the offset.
    DOI: 10.1787/335042602762
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  • 21
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    Central Africa and the Cross-border Regions : Reconstruction and Integration Prospects (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 43-109
    Details
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Language: English
    Pages: 68 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'Afrique Centrale et les régions transfrontalières : Perspectives de reconstruction et d'intégration
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 43-109
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: The study in question shows the potential embodied in the regional forces around three large Central African basins: the North West basin (Atlantic Ocean), the East basin (Indian Ocean) and the South basin (southern Africa). It serves as a back-up to the Initiative for Central Africa (INICA) which is an informal framework for dialogue and a bridge between the local and regional levels, the aim of which is to provide backing for regional actors who develop initiatives conducive to a return to peace and stability in the region...
    DOI: 10.1787/journal_dev-v4-art28-en
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  • 22
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    Privatisation in Sub-Saharan Africa : Where Do We Stand? (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264020382
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Privatisation en Afrique subsaharienne ; un état des lieux
    Keywords: Governance ; Development
    Abstract: This book examines recent progress made in the region’s privatisation effort in Sub-Saharan Africa. With cumulative proceeds of privatisation accounting for just $8 billion compared to $46 billion in transition economies over the same period, it is clearly still in its infancy. The report charts progress, outlines methods used, and questions whether the objectives have been achieved. It also examines the impact privatisation has had on alleviating poverty. It is for policy makers, advisers and donors and research institutes involved in the privatisation process.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264020382-en
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  • 23
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    Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation : France 2004 : Vers des orientations stratégiques plus claires (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264015494
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (226 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform; France 2004; Charting a Clearer Way Forward
    Keywords: Governance ; France
    Abstract: Cet examen approfondi des politiques et institutions réglementaires de la France présente un panorama détaillé de la manière dont la réglementation a évolué en France ainsi qu’une évaluation des résultats obtenus. Des questions spécifiques, notamment la gouvernance réglementaire, la politique de la concurrence et l’ouverture des marchés ainsi que deux secteurs spécifiques – l’aviation civile et les télécommunications – sont traités dans des chapitres distincts. Chaque chapitre présente une liste d’actions envisageables. Le chapitre Performances et évaluation compare la France avec d’autres pays de l’OCDE et un appendice présente sous forme de tableaux l’évolution des réglementations sectorielles en France.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264015494-fr
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  • 24
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    Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Canada 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264107793
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (262 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Canada 2004
    Keywords: Environment ; Canada ; Bericht ; Kanada ; Umweltschutz ; Umweltqualität ; Umweltpolitik ; OECD ; Kanada ; Umweltbericht ; Industrie ; Bergbau ; Kanada ; Biodiversität
    Abstract: Ce rapport 2004 sur les politiques et les programmes canadiens en matière d’environnement propose un examen systématique de la gestion de l’air, de l’eau, de la nature et de la biodiversité, ainsi que de l’interaction entre la politique de l’environnement, la politique économique, la politique sociale et certains secteurs. Malgré les progrès appréciables du Canada depuis 1985, il reste encore beaucoup à faire. Dans cette optique, le rapport formule des recommandations précises : un recours plus large aux instruments économiques, l’application des principes pollueurs-payeurs, une rationalisation de la gouvernance de l’eau, le renforcement de la protection de la nature, la réduction de l’intensité énergétique, la mise en œuvre de stratégies face au changement climatique, la réévaluation des taxes liées à l’environnement, le respect des engagements concernant le milieu marin et l’aide au développement.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264107793-fr
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  • 25
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    Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation : Bulgarie 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264105188
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education; Bulgaria 2004
    Keywords: Education ; Bulgaria
    Abstract: Ce livre propose un panorama du système éducatif bulgare et décrit son évolution depuis les changements politiques. Il fournit une analyse de l’ensemble du système éducatif et identifie les directions à prendre pour renforcer le processus de réforme à la lumière des défis auxquels sont confrontés, dans des conditions relativement difficiles, les représentants de l’État, les communautés, les entreprises, le personnel éducatif, les parents et les élèves.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264105188-fr
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  • 26
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    Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation : Bulgarie 2004 : Science, recherche et technologie (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264007031
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.)
    Series Statement: Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education; Bulgaria 2004; Science, Research and Technology
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology ; Bulgaria
    Abstract: Dans chaque pays, petit ou grand, la science et la technologie (S-T) revêtent une importance primordiale dans l’instauration d’une économie basée sur le savoir. Dans les pays appartenant au peloton de tête, la S-T porte ses fruits quand elle est induite par des politiques scientifiques favorisant les programmes à long terme. Et ces programmes sont étroitement liés à une maîtrise anticipative des coûts budgétaires. En Bulgarie, le secteur des sciences et de la technologie reflète bon nombre des difficultés économiques et sociales que rencontre le pays dans son ensemble. Il souffre d’un manque chronique de moyens financiers et a mis du temps à moderniser son appareil de recherche fondamentale. Faute d’une politique cohérente à long terme dans le domaine scientifique et technologique, ces insuffisances se trouvent accentuées. Malgré ces lacunes, l’examen montre que la Bulgarie possède le potentiel humain et scientifique nécessaire à la mise en place d’un système efficace de S-T qui peut considérablement contribuer au développement économique national. Cet examen présente un panorama du secteur de la S-T en Bulgarie et de ses liens avec l’enseignement. Il traite de divers thèmes au nombre desquels : La législation. Les mécanismes institutionnels mis en place dans le domaine de la recherche et de l’enseignement, notamment à travers les exemples de l’Académie bulgare des sciences et des établissements d’enseignement supérieur. Les mécanismes de budgétisation. La coopération régionale et internationale, et notamment les initiatives de l’Union européenne. L’impact de la fuite des cerveaux et du vieillissement sur les ressources humaines. Un échantillon d’études de cas et de pratiques exemplaires en matière de politique de S-T sert à illustrer l’analyse. Le dernier chapitre comprend une série de recommandations. Cet examen sera utile aux décideurs publics ainsi qu’aux professionnels du monde entier. Cette étude s'inscrit dans le cadre des relations de coopération que l'OCDE entretient avec les économies non membres à travers le monde.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264007031-fr
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  • 27
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    Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Suède 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264108615
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Sweden 2004
    Keywords: Environment ; Sweden
    Abstract: Ce rapport consacré à la Suède évalue les progrès accomplis ou à faire dans la réduction de la charge polluante, la gestion des ressources naturelles, l'intégration des politiques économique et environnementale et le renforcement de la coopération internationale. Les analyses s'appuient sur un large ensemble de données économiques et environnementales.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264108615-fr
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  • 28
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    Innovation in the Knowledge Economy : Implications for Education and Learning (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264105621
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (98 p.)
    Series Statement: Knowledge management
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Innovation in the Knowledge Economy; Implications for Education and Learning (Hungarian version)
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Today's "knowledge economies" are seeing the emergence of new paradigms for innovation and the advancement of knowledge in relation to economic activities. This report explores some key determinants of innovation and their implications for the advancement of knowledge in a particular sector – primary and secondary education. The analysis shows that there is considerable scope for certain drivers that have helped speed up innovation in other sectors to take effect in education. However, in practice, a number of basic characteristics of education systems have prevented innovation from changing this sector fundamentally. Nevertheless, educational policy makers can learn much from observing how innovation occurs and how sectors are transformed in the most knowledge intensive parts of the economy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264105621-en
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  • 29
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    Stakeholder Participation in Radiological Decision Making: Processes and Implications : Third Villigen Workshop - Villigen, Switzerland - 21-23 October 2003 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264108264
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (66 p.)
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Since 1998, the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency has been organising a series of workshops to address the various aspects of stakeholder involvement in radiological protection decision making. These workshops have been instrumental in forging consensus and improving understanding of key issues in this area. Building on the experience of the first two "Villigen workshops", the third in the series extensively analysed three case studies, which covered the licensing of a new facility, the clean-up and release of an old facility, and the rehabilitation of a large, contaminated area. Consideration was given to the stakeholder involvement processes that had been used, and the implications that that these did or could have on radiological protection policy, regulation and application. The workshop papers analysing these processes and implications are presented in these proceedings, which should provide valuable examples and lessons for governments, regulators and practitioners.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264108264-en
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  • 30
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    Basic Studies in the Field of High-temperature Engineering : Third Information Exchange Meeting: Ibaraki-ken, Japan - 11/12 September 2003 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264016026
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (282 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Basic studies in the field of high-temperature engineering
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Japan
    Abstract: In response to growing interest in high-temperature, gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) in many countries and the need for improved materials for nuclear applications in high-temperature environments, the NEA organised the Third Information Exchange Meeting on Basic Studies in the Field of High-temperature Engineering. The proceedings of this meeting provide an overview of high-temperature research currently under way, including studies on the behaviour of irradiated graphite and improvements in material properties under high-temperature irradiation. These proceedings also contain recommendations for further international work in the areas of high-temperature engineering.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264016026-en
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    Supervising Private Pensions: Institutions and Methods (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264016989
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (338 p.)
    Series Statement: Private Pensions Series no.6
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Supervising Private Pensions: Institutions and Methods offers detailed and comparable information on the supervisory agencies, institutional design and methods in over 40 countries in the OECD area, Latin America, Eastern Europe and South-east Asia. It is a valuable and practical contribution for policy makers who wish to benefit from pension supervision experiences across countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264016989-en
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  • 32
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    Geological Disposal: Building Confidence Using Multiple Lines of Evidence : First AMIGO Workshop Proceedings - Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland, 3-5 June 2003 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264015937
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (179 p.)
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Switzerland
    Abstract: When preparing the safety case for a deep geological repository of radioactive waste, the integration of wide-ranging information from multidisciplinary sources is a complex task. This has provided the motivation for establishing AMIGO, an OECD/NEA international project on “Approaches and Methods for Integrating Geological Information in the Safety Case”. AMIGO is structured as a series of biannual topical workshops involving site characterisation and safety assessment practitioners with experience in both sedimentary and crystalline rock settings. The first AMIGO workshop was organised in Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland on 3-5 June 2003. The main objective of the workshop was to exchange views on building confidence in analyses and arguments that support the safety case using multiple lines of evidence and integrating the work of geoscientists and safety assessors. These proceedings present the outcomes of this workshop.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264015937-en
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    OCDE Forum 2004 : Coup de projecteur sur le Forum 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264108493
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (62 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Forum 2004; Forum Highlights
    Keywords: Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264108493-fr
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    Biotechnology Statistics in OECD Member Countries : An Inventory (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 110 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2004/08
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This document reflects recent efforts made by the OECD to obtain an accurate assessment of the current state of biotechnology statistics in OECD member and observer countries. It is an update of the original document, which was released in 2000. The inventory was prepared by Brigitte van Beuzekom of the OECD’s Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry, and benefited from contributions of the delegates involved in the OECD Ad hoc Meeting on Biotechnology Statistics. Comments are welcome and should be sent by e-mail to Brigitte van Beuzekom [e-mail: brigitte.vanbeuzekomoecd.org] ...
    DOI: 10.1787/304575100848
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  • 35
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    Essai n 218: Essai de toxicité sur les chironomes dans un système eau-sédiment chargé (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070271
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (21 p)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 218; Sediment-Water Chironomid Toxicity Using Spiked Sediment
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 218: Sediment-Water Chironomid Toxicity Using Spiked Sediment
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice est conçue pour évaluer les effets d’une exposition prolongée à des produits chimiques sur des larves Chironomus sp., un diptère vivant dans les sédiments d’eau douce. Des chironomes au premier stade larvaire sont exposés à au moins cinq concentrations de la substance d'essai dans un système sédiment-eau. La substance d'essai est incorporée au sédiment et des larves au premier stade sont introduites dans des béchers où les concentrations d'eau et de sédiment ont été stabilisées. Le taux d'apparition et de développement des chironomes est mesuré à la fin de l'essai. La durée maximum d'exposition est de 28 jours pour C. riparius, C. yoshimatsui, et 65 jours pour C. tentans. L'essai limite correspond à un niveau de dose de 1000 mg/kg. La survie et le poids des larves peuvent également être mesurés, si nécessaire, après 10 jours (en ajoutant le nombre d'expériences identiques requis). Le rapport d'essai inclut la durée du développement et le nombre total de moucherons totalement émergés (le sexe et le nombre sont enregistrés quotidiennement), l'observation de tout comportement anormal, le nombre de pupes visibles n'ayant pas réussi à émerger et la présence de tout amas d'oeufs déposés. Les données sont analysées soit à l'aide d'un modèle de régression pour estimer la concentration qui entraînerait une réduction de x% de l'émergence, de la survie des larves ou de leur croissance, soit par la vérification d'une hypothèse statistique afin de déterminer une CSEO/CMEO.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070271-fr
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    Rationalising Public Expenditure in the Slovak Republic (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 37 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.384
    Keywords: Economics ; Slovak Republic
    Abstract: Over the past decade, public expenditure in Slovakia was characterised by substantial social transfers and high public sector wage expenses. This paper analyses the main features of Slovakia’s public expenditure system, reviews expenditure trends, and discusses recent reform initiatives. The latter have concerned the introduction of medium-term budget projections, the switch towards performance-based budgeting, the limitation of extra-budgetary funds, the devolution of spending power to sub-central administrative units, changes to the public employment regime, and reforms of the social security system. These initiatives are critically assessed and a number of recommendations concerning implementation and further reform steps are developed ...
    DOI: 10.1787/764860674818
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    OECD Territorial Reviews: Mexico City 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264018327
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Mexico
    Abstract: The OECD Territorial Review of Mexico City highlights the region’s great potential for further growth, which is linked to the concentration of headquarters, educational establishments and research facilities, as well as high levels of FDI and rich cultural resources. However, it also reveals that this growth is constrained by low levels of human capital, inadequate infrastructure and widespread, acute poverty. The current governance framework, characterised by modest co-operation, also remains a sticking point for the region’s development.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264018327-en
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    South East Europe Compact for Reform, Investment, Integrity and Growth : Bosnia and Herzegovina - Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264032248
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (73 p)
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Abstract: Private investment by Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)1 is a key generator of economic growth and social change in OECD member country economies. In most countries, over 90% of all enterprises are SMEs. It is now widely accepted that the contribution of SMEs to new jobs, exports, innovation and regional development is vital to national development. How to benefit from and maximise this contribution is a continuous challenge for all countries. This Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment seeks to help address that question for Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) and highlights issues that require attention and priority action.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264032248-en
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  • 39
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    Capacité d'adaptation générale dans l'enseignement supérieur : Programme de réforme (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 81-103
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3592
    Language: French
    Pages: 28 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Systemic Responsiveness in Tertiary Education: An Agenda for Reform
    Titel der Quelle: Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 81-103
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Ces dernières année, l’auteur a mené 126 entretiens et organisé quatre groupes de discussion avec des universitaires, des administrateurs et d’autres personnes ayant un lien avec des universités australiennes au sujet des problèmes et des enjeux auxquels, selon eux, le système d’enseignement supérieur est confronté. Inquiétude et pessimisme ont dominé les entretiens consacrés à l’avenir de l’enseignement supérieur en Australie. Parmi les personnes interrogées, trois sur quatre environ estimaient que le système était pire, ou en tout cas pas meilleur, que dix ans auparavant. Une proportion analogue avait peu d’espoir que le système s’améliore au cours des dix années suivantes, à supposer qu’il ne se dégrade pas davantage. Dans cet article l’auteur décrit ce qu’il considère comme étant des obstacles ...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art17-fr
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  • 40
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    Systemic Responsiveness in Tertiary Education : An Agenda for Reform (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 73-93
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Capacité d'adaptation générale dans l'enseignement supérieur : Programme de réforme
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 73-93
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Over the last several years the author conducted 126 interviews and held four focus groups with academic staff, administrators and others associated with Australian universities, about the problems and challenges they believed faced the system of tertiary education. Widespread concern and pessimism pervaded the interviews about the future of tertiary education in Australia. Approximately three quarters of the interviewees said that the system was worse, or certainly no better, today than a decade ago; a similar number held out little hope that the system would improve, if not deteriorate further, in a decade. In this article the author outlines what he sees as systemic barriers to change and then offers suggestions for ...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art17-en
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  • 41
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    Income-Related Inequality in the Use of Medical Care in 21 OECD Countries (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 90 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.14
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This study updates and extends a previous study on equity in physician utilisation for a subset of the countries analyzed here (Van Doorslaer, Koolman and Puffer, 2002). It updates results to 2000 for 13 countries and adds new results for eight countries: Australia, Finland, France, Hungary, Mexico, Norway, Switzerland and Sweden. Both simple quintile distributions and concentration indices were used to assess horizontal equity, i.e. the extent to which adults in equal need for physician care appear to have equal rates of medical care utilisation. With respect to physician utilisation, need is more concentrated among the worse off, but after “standardizing out” these need differences, significant horizontal inequity favoring the better off is found in about half of the countries, both for the probability and the total number of visits. The degree of pro-rich inequity in doctor use is highest in the US, followed by Mexico, Finland, Portugal and Sweden. In the majority ...
    DOI: 10.1787/687501760705
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  • 42
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    Une école novatrice revisitée : L'académie de Leith et les projets subséquents (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 4 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Échanges, Programme pour la construction et l'équipement de l'éducation no.2004/01
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. An Innovative School Revisited: Leith Academy and the Projects that Followed
    Keywords: Education ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: En 1995, le PEB a publié une étude de cas sur l’Académie de Leith, au Royaume-Uni. L’article suivant examine la conception originale de l’Académie, la façon dont les bâtiments ont rempli leur rôle pendant leurs 13 années d’existence et leur influence sur les conceptions suivantes.
    DOI: 10.1787/624104622718
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  • 43
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    La mise en œuvre de la Convention anti-corruption de l'OCDE : Rapport sur la Bulgarie 2003 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264105294
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (91 p.)
    Series Statement: La mise en œuvre de la Convention anti-corruption de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Implementing the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention; Report on Bulgaria 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Implementing the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention: Report on Bulgaria 2003
    Keywords: Governance ; Bulgaria
    Abstract: La Bulgarie est l'un des quatre pays non membres de l'OCDE à avoir signé en décembre 1997 la Convention sur la lutte contre la corruption d'agents publics étrangers dans les transactions commerciales internationales (la Convention de l'OCDE), en compagnie des trente pays de l'OCDE. Par la suite, la Bulgarie a promulgué une loi de transposition de la convention au moyen de la Loi portant amendement du code pénal bulgare. La Bulgarie a ratifié la Convention de l'OCDE et déposé son instrument de ratification auprès de l'OCDE à la fin décembre 1998. Sont étudiées dans ce rapport les dispositions juridiques et les institutions en place en Bulgarie pour combattre la corruption d'agents publics étrangers et mesurer l'efficacité de ce dispositif. On y examine les mécanismes introduits tant au sein des administrations publiques que dans le secteur privé pour prévenir et détecter des faits de corruption d'agents publics étrangers. Ce rapport traite aussi de l'efficacité des mécanismes d’enquête et de poursuite de l’infraction de corruption étrangère et des infractions connexes notamment en matière de fraude et de blanchiment d'argent. Le rapport se termine avec des recommandations spécifiques, aussi bien en ce qui concerne la prévention et la détection que les poursuites et les sanctions appliquées en pratique. On y trouvera également les prescriptions juridiques essentielles destinées à dissuader, prévenir et combattre la corruption telles qu’elles ont été communiquées par la Bulgarie lors du processus d’examen. L’examen de la mise en œuvre par la Bulgarie des dispositions anti-corruption de l’OCDE entre dans le cadre d’un mandat plus large du Groupe de travail de l’OCDE sur la corruption dans le cadre de transactions commerciales internationales. Ce groupe est chargé d’une surveillance et d’un suivi systématiques et détaillés de l’ensemble des pays signataires de la Convention de l’OCDE sur la lutte contre la corruption étrangère. Jusqu’ici, le Groupe de travail a examiné l’application et la mise en œuvre de la Convention en Bulgarie, en Finlande, en Allemagne, en Islande et aux États-Unis. D’ici 2007, les examens des 30 autres pays seront réalisés.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264105294-fr
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  • 44
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    Selecting Indicators for Patient Safety at the Health Systems Level in OECD Countries (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 46 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.18
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This report presents the consensus recommendations of an international expert panel on indicators for patient safety. Using a structured review process, the panel set out to select indicators to cover the five key areas: areas hospital-acquired infections, sentinel events, operative and postoperative complications, obstetrics, and other care related adverse events...
    DOI: 10.1787/800266264370
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  • 45
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    Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment in International Investment Law (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 26 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2004/02
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le traitement de la nation la plus favorisée dans le droit international des investissements
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Bilateral and regional investment agreements have proliferated in the last decade and new ones are still being negotiated. Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN) clauses link investment agreements by ensuring that the parties to one treaty provide treatment no less favourable than the treatment they provide under other treaties in areas covered by the clause. MFN clauses have thus become a significant instrument of economic liberalisation in the investment area. Moreover, by giving the investors of all the parties benefiting from a country’s MFN clause the right, in similar circumstances, to treatment no less favourable than a country’s closest or most influential partners can negotiate on the matters the clause covers, MFN avoids economic distortions that would occur through more selective country-by-country liberalisation. Such a treatment may result from the implementation of treaties, legislative or administrative acts of the country and also by mere practice ...
    DOI: 10.1787/518757021651
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  • 46
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    DAC Peer Review of Finland (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 229-301
    Details
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Language: English
    Pages: 74 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examen du CAD par les pairs : Finlande
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 229-301
    Keywords: Development ; Finland
    Abstract: This review contains the Main Findings and Recommendations of the Development Assistance Committee and the report of the Secretariat. It was prepared with examiners from Denmark and New Zealand for the review on 17 June 2003. The principal issues covered were explicit attention to poverty reduction, predictable growth to an ODA/GNI ratio of 0.7% by 2010, a strategy for increased multilateral aid, a clear position on policy coherence for development and increased staff capacity in embassies in partner countries. This report is published on the authority of the Secretary-General of the OECD...
    DOI: 10.1787/journal_dev-v4-art25-en
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  • 47
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    Le financement de la R-D publique : Évolution et tendances (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 47-81
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 35 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Funding of Public Research and Development: Trends and Changes
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 47-81
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Cet article présente les tendances et pratiques actuelles en matière de financement public de la R-D. Il a été rédigé à partir d’une étude exécutée dans le cadre de la Direction de la science, de la technologie et de l’industrie de l’OCDE. Cette étude avait comme sujet différents aspects de la gouvernance de la recherche publique, ainsi que les structures des systèmes scientifique, la définition des priorités, le financement de la recherche et la gestion des ressources humaines1. L’article dresse un tableau des structures et...
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art22-fr
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  • 48
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    "Indirect Expropriation" and the "Right to Regulate" in International Investment Law (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2004/04
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L' "expropriation indirecte" et le "droit de réglementer" dans le droit international de l'investissement
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: It is a well recognised rule in international law that the property of aliens cannot be taken, whether for public purposes or not, without adequate compensation. Two decades ago, the disputes before the courts and the discussions in academic literature focused mainly on the standard of compensation and measuring of expropriated value. The divergent views of the developed and developing countries raised issues regarding the formation and evolution of customary law. Today, the more positive attitude of countries around the world toward foreign investment and the proliferation of bilateral treaties and other investment agreements requiring prompt, adequate and effective compensation for expropriation of foreign investments have largely deprived that debate of practical significance for foreign investors. Disputes on direct expropriation – mainly related to nationalisation that marked the 70s and 80s -- have been replaced by disputes related to foreign investment regulation ...
    DOI: 10.1787/780155872321
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  • 49
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    Mobilising Investment for Development : Role of ODA the 1993-2003 Experience in Vietnam (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2004/06
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Viet Nam
    Abstract: The Vietnamese economy was in the doldrums in the 1980s and until a certain progress had been made in the context of Doi Moi there was little incentive for businesses to invest. The following reasons are commonly given for the sluggish economic activity: a lack of appropriate infrastructure (causing market disconnectedness even within the country); weak links to the world market; a shortage of skilled labour and managerial capacity; and an inefficient or business unfriendly public administration. ODA to Vietnam was allocated in such a way as to remedy these obstacles and the donors’ well designed strategies are seen as a major factor behind the success of ODA. National ownership, an important feature of ODA programmes, has mostly been strong in ODA to Vietnam. Most of the activities of the past were closely aligned with the Vietnamese government’s development priorities. It should nevertheless be recognised that some ODA projects have aroused little enthusiasm among public ...
    DOI: 10.1787/310312530030
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  • 50
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    Mesure des restrictions visant les investissements directs de l'étranger dans les pays de l'OCDE (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2003, no. 1, p. 95-128
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 36 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Measures of Restrictions on Inward Foreign Direct Investment for OECD Countries
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2003, no. 1, p. 95-128
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Ce document présente de nouvelles mesures des restrictions visant les investissements directs étrangers (IDE) dans les pays de l’OCDE. Différentes sortes de restrictions sont considérées : les limites de la participation étrangère, les procédures d’examen sélectif ou de notification, et les restrictions concernant la gestion et les opérations des entreprises. Ces restrictions sont calculées pour neuf secteurs et onze sous-secteurs, dont la plupart relèvent du domaine des services. Les données sont ensuite agrégées en une mesure composite pour l’économie dans son ensemble. Selon ces indicateurs agrégés, ces deux dernières décennies, et plus particulièrement les années 90, ont vu un assouplissement considérable des restrictions frappant l’IDE. Les pays de l’OCDE sont désormais généralement ouverts aux IDE, même s’il subsiste des différences importantes d’un pays et d’un secteur à l’autre. Les pays les plus ouverts sont à présent européens, du moins en ce qui concerne les restrictions statutaires. La majorité des restrictions restantes se trouvent dans les services. Il n’y a presque plus de restrictions légales dans le secteur manufacturier ...
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-v2003-art3-fr
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  • 51
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    Développer une activité de recherche : Les défis qui attendent les retardataires et les nouveaux venus (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 133-157
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3592
    Language: French
    Pages: 28 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Growing Research: Challenges for Latedevelopers and Newcomers
    Titel der Quelle: Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 133-157
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Dans les pays de l’OCDE, pouvoirs publics, décideurs et gestionnaires universitaires s’intéressent à l’avenir de l’enseignement supérieur et s’interrogent sur le rôle de la recherche dans le cadre de l’enseignement. Le débat s’inscrit dans un contexte marqué par le fait que la production de savoir et la contribution de l’enseignement supérieur à l’économie, au prestige et au statut d’un pays sont en train de transformer rapidement le système d’enseignement supérieur : le laisser-faire cède la place à la concurrence du marché. De nombreux gouvernements sont par ailleurs convaincus que le système actuel de financement et d’organisation ne pourra pas perdurer. Le financement de la recherche doit-il se répartir équitablement entre les différents établissements ou bien faut-il au contraire que seuls certains établissements se concentrent sur la recherche, les autres se consacrant à l’enseignement et à la formation ? Si au cours de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle la massification a imposé sa logique à l’enseignement supérieur dans les pays de l’OCDE, c’est désormais la concurrence, liée en partie à la capacité de recherche, qui joue un rôle analogue au début de ce XXIe siècle. Cette logique pèse de manière assez marquée sur le mode d’organisation et de gestion des établissements. L’article examine les défis spécifiques que doivent relever les établissements d’enseignement supérieur récents ou en cours de création pour développer leur activité de recherche à partir d’une base « fragile ». En cours de processus, leur expérience soulève des questions plus vastes pour les établissements comme pour les pouvoirs publics...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art10-fr
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  • 52
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    DAC Development Partnership Forum : Managing for Development Results and Aid Effectiveness (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 41-71
    Details
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Forum des partenaires au développement organisé par le CAD : Pour une gestion axée sur les résultats du développement et l'efficacité de l'aide
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 41-71
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: This part of the publication contains the report on the DAC Development Partnership Forum “Managing for Development Results and Aid Effectiveness” (Paris, 11-12 December 2002). The purpose of the Forum was to bring together donors and partners to discuss experience in results-oriented reforms. The report focuses on the implications of the results agenda on public sector management, measurement and reporting issues, public accountability and Donor/Partner co-ordination...
    DOI: 10.1787/journal_dev-v4-art22-en
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  • 53
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    Capital Stocks, Capital Services and Multi-Factor Productivity Measures (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: economic studies Vol. 2003, no. 2, p. 163-184
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2856
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mesure des stocks de capital, des services du capital et de la productivité multifactorielle
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: economic studies
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2003, no. 2, p. 163-184
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Capital services measures have long been recognised as the appropriate concept to capture capital input in production and productivity analysis. However, only few countries’ statistical agencies construct and publish such capital services measures. This paper describes capital services measures developed by OECD and presents estimation methods and results for the G7 countries. By way of example, the consequences of applying capital services measures instead of measures of gross or net capital stocks in the computation of rates of multi-factor productivity growth are examined for three countries, the United States, France and Australia ...
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-v2003-art11-en
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  • 54
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    La mise en œuvre de la Convention anti-corruption de l'OCDE : Rapport sur l'Allemagne 2003 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264105331
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (91 p.)
    Series Statement: La mise en œuvre de la Convention anti-corruption de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Implementing the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention; Report on Germany 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Implementing the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention: Report on Germany 2003
    Keywords: Governance ; Germany
    Abstract: C'est en décembre 1997 que l'Allemagne a signé, en compagnie de trente-trois autres pays, la Convention sur la lutte contre la corruption d'agents publics étrangers dans les transactions commerciales internationales (la Convention de l'OCDE). L'Allemagne a transposé la Convention dans son droit interne en promulguant la Loi sur la lutte contre la corruption d'agents publics étrangers. À la suite de l'adoption de cette loi, l'Allemagne a été le troisième pays à avoir ratifié la Convention de l'OCDE et elle a déposé son instrument de ratification auprès de l'OCDE en novembre 1998. Sont étudiées dans ce rapport les dispositions juridiques et les institutions en place en Allemagne pour combattre la corruption d'agents publics étrangers et mesurer l'efficacité de ce dispositif. On y examine les mécanismes introduits tant au sein des administrations publiques que dans le secteur privé pour prévenir et détecter des faits de corruption d'agents publics étrangers. Ce rapport traite aussi de l'efficacité des mécanismes d’enquête et de poursuite de l’infraction de corruption étrangère et des infractions connexes notamment en matière de fraude et de blanchiment d'argent. Le rapport se termine avec des recommandations spécifiques, aussi bien en ce qui concerne la prévention et la détection que les poursuites et les sanctions appliquées en pratique. On y trouvera également les prescriptions juridiques essentielles destinées à dissuader, prévenir et combattre la corruption telles qu’elles ont été communiquées par l'Allemagne lors du processus d’examen. L’examen de la mise en œuvre par l'Allemagne des dispositions anti-corruption de l’OCDE entre dans le cadre d’un mandat plus large du Groupe de travail de l’OCDE sur la corruption dans le cadre de transactions commerciales internationales. Ce groupe est chargé d’une surveillance et d’un suivi systématiques et détaillés de l’ensemble des pays signataires de la Convention de l’OCDE sur la lutte contre la corruption étrangère. Jusqu’ici, le Groupe de travail a examiné l’application et la mise en œuvre de la Convention en Bulgarie, en Finlande, en Allemagne, en Islande et aux États-Unis. D’ici 2007, les examens des 30 autres pays seront réalisés.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264105331-fr
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  • 55
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    Coping with Ageing : A Dynamic Approach to Quantify the Impact of Alternative Policy Options on Future Labour Supply in OECD Countries (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 92 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.371
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: In the face of the substantial ageing of population expected to occur in OECD countries over coming decades, policies that boost labour-force participation attract considerable interest. There remain large cross-country divergences in participation rates that are largely accounted for by differences in participation of specific groups, in particular prime-age women, older workers and also youth. This suggests that policies targeting these groups could have important effects. The aim of this paper is to examine whether the potential impact of several policy reforms is able to attenuate or to offset the adverse trend in aggregate participation rates that would otherwise occur because of ageing population. It uses a simple dynamic modelling framework that generates longer-term projections of participation rates and labour supplies in OECD countries and alternative scenarios of policy reforms. The main outcome of this analysis is that the combined effect of possible reforms targeting ...
    DOI: 10.1787/224538175006
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  • 56
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    Detailed Review Paper on Amphibian Metamorphosis Assay for the Detection of Thyroid Active Substances (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264079144
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (106 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Series on Testing and Assessment no.46
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Detailed Review Paper (DRP) is intended to provide the current state-of-the-knowledge in the area of amphibian metamorphosis with the view to use amphibian metamorphosis as a model for the detection of chemicals affecting the thyroid axis in vertebrates.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264079144-en
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    Policies Bearing on Product Market Competition and Growth in Europe (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 54 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.378
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The strength of product market competition plays an important role in economic growth as it affects economic efficiency and the allocation of resources, and can also lead to improved labour market performance. This paper examines product market competition and economic performance in the European Union. The Community’s competition rules, which apply whenever anti-competitive practices have an implication for cross-border trade, are enforced primarily by the Commission’s Directorate General for Competition, and complement national competition legislation. Reforms have been adopted recently to sharpen the toolkit and to increase the role of national authorities in the enforcement process. However, the toolkit could still be made more effective. Competition policy is complemented by, and partly overlapping with, the regulation of newly liberalised network industries. Despite the EU’s commendable efforts in this area, competition is still undermined by dominant incumbents in some ...
    DOI: 10.1787/346707867476
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    SHA-Based Health Accounts in 13 OECD Countries - Country Studies - Poland : National Health Accounts 1999 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 51 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.10
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Poland
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the tenth in this series, presenting the Polish SHA-based health accounts.
    DOI: 10.1787/424841544126
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    Migration of Highly Skilled Indians: Case Studies of IT and the Health Professionals (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 54 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2004/06
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This paper describes the results of two specific primary surveys, one of IT professionals in the city of Bangalore and their role in making the city a corridor for international mobility of Indian professionals, and the second survey of health professionals (doctors and nurses) in the city of New Delhi. In these surveys, highly skilled Indians were asked about their motivations for emigrating, their experiences abroad, their reasons for coming back to India and their perception of their current situation. These surveys were carried out as a supplement to a study on estimating the stocks, flows and international mobility of human resources in science and technology (HRST) in India. The results of that work are reported in STI Working Paper 2004/7 (Khadria 2004.
    DOI: 10.1787/381236020703
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  • 60
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    Une nouvelle bibliothèque pour l'Institut de technologie Galway-Mayo (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 3 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Échanges, Programme pour la construction et l'équipement de l'éducation no.2004/03
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. A New Library for Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology
    Keywords: Education ; Ireland
    Abstract: En Irlande, la nouvelle bibliothèque de L'Institut de technologie Galway-Mayo (GMIT) est novatrice par sa conception, satisfait aux conditions environnementales et identifie le campus à son emplacement.
    DOI: 10.1787/623120328678
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    An Emerging Knowledge-Based Economy in China? : Indicators from OECD Databases (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 77 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2004/04
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: This paper shows that China is catching up rapidly with other dynamic Asian economies and the Triad economies on a score of indicators relating to the knowledge-based economy. Taking into account that a number of measurement issues hamper international comparability to varying degrees, some of the main results are the following. • Economic growth in China has outpaced the other economies substantially. Nevertheless, GDP per capita is still considerably smaller than that of the other economies. • The main contributor to GDP in China is industry (mining; manufacturing; electricity, gas and water supply; and construction), which saw its share rise by 10 percentage points to 52% between 1990 and 2002. • Trade in goods as a percentage of GDP doubled between 1990 and 2002, reaching a level well above that of the Triad economies. The largest contribution to this expansion was made by...
    DOI: 10.1787/256502026705
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    Régimes des marchés publics à l'échelle internationale et possibilités d'intégration de facteurs environnementaux dans les achats publics (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 125-177
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3525
    Language: French
    Pages: 53 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. International Procurement Regimes and the Scope for the Inclusion of Environmental Factors in Public Procurement
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur la gestion budgétaire
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 125-177
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: En adhérant à des accords régionaux sur les échanges, en étant membres de marchés communs et signataires d’autres traités internationaux, les gouvernements des pays membres de l’OCDE ont convenu de soumettre leurs procédures en matière de marchés publics à un certain niveau de réglementation internationale. Nous analyserons dans le présent rapport l’importance réelle des restrictions juridiques que ces régimes imposent aux possibilités d’inclusion de critères environnementaux dans les marchés publics....
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v3-art24-fr
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    SHA-Based Health Accounts in 13 OECD Countries - Country Studies - Canada : National Health Accounts 1999 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 70 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.2
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried out by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the second in this series, presenting the Canadian SHA-based health accounts.
    DOI: 10.1787/334820318254
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    Dementia Care in 9 OECD Countries : A Comparative Analysis (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 110 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.13
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Dementia and its most common manifestation, Alzheimer’s disease, is a complex disorder that afflicts primarily the elderly, affecting an estimated 10 million people in OECD member countries. The complexity of the disease makes treating dementia extremely difficult, involving a wide variety of social and health care interventions. Typically, these two aspects of dementia care are examined separately. This paper adopts a conceptual model that examines both types of interventions and how they interact along the dementia care continuum. There are no effective health care treatments for stopping dementia, which is why the social care aspect plays an important role in treating the disease, with family members an integral part of this process. This paper shows that programs designed to help alleviate the burden of family members caring for a relative with dementia can have positive health benefits to both patient and family. In particular, the use of group-living, where dementia ...
    DOI: 10.1787/485700737071
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    La mise en œuvre de la Convention anti-corruption de l'OCDE : Rapport sur les États-Unis 2003 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264101166
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (127 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: La mise en œuvre de la Convention anti-corruption de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Implementing the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention; Report on the United States 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Implementing the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention: Report on the United States 2003
    Keywords: Governance ; United States
    Abstract: Les États-Unis ont été le premier pays à mettre hors la loi les actes de corruption d’agents publics étrangers dans les transactions commerciales commis par leurs ressortissants et par les sociétés relevant de leur droit grâce à l’adoption du Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) de 1977. Vingt ans plus tard, les États-Unis ont signé, en compagnie de trente-quatre autres pays, la Convention sur la lutte contre la corruption d’agents publics étrangers dans les transactions commerciales internationales (la Convention de l’OCDE sur la lutte contre la corruption). Le Congrès des États-Unis a réagi à la signature de la Convention en amendant le FCPA en octobre 1998. Par la suite, les États-Unis ont ratifié la Convention de l’OCDE et déposé leur instrument de ratification auprès de l’OCDE à la fin de 1998. Sont étudiées dans ce rapport les dispositions juridiques et les institutions en place aux États-Unis pour combattre la corruption d'agents publics étrangers et mesurer l'efficacité de ce dispositif. On y examine les mécanismes introduits tant au sein des administrations publiques que dans le secteur privé pour prévenir et détecter des faits de corruption d'agents publics étrangers. Ce rapport traite aussi de l'efficacité des mécanismes d’enquête et de poursuite de l’infraction de corruption étrangère et des infractions connexes notamment en matière de fraude et de blanchiment d'argent. Le rapport se termine avec des recommandations spécifiques, aussi bien en ce qui concerne la prévention et la détection que les poursuites et les sanctions appliquées en pratique. On y trouvera également les prescriptions juridiques essentielles destinées à dissuader, prévenir et combattre la corruption telles qu’elles ont été communiquées par les États-Unis lors du processus d’examen. L’examen de la mise en œuvre par les États-Unis des dispositions anti-corruption de l’OCDE entre dans le cadre d’un mandat plus large du Groupe de travail de l’OCDE sur la corruption dans le cadre de transactions commerciales internationales. Ce groupe est chargé d’une surveillance et d’un suivi systématiques et détaillés de l’ensemble des pays signataires de la Convention de l’OCDE sur la lutte contre la corruption étrangère. Jusqu’ici, le Groupe de travail a examiné l’application et la mise en œuvre de la Convention en Bulgarie, en Finlande, en Allemagne, en Islande et aux États-Unis. D’ici 2007, les examens des 30 autres pays seront réalisés.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264101166-fr
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    SHA-Based Health Accounts in 13 OECD Countries - Country Studies Korea : National Health Accounts 2001 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 31 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Technical Papers no.7
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the seventh in this series, presenting the Korean SHA-based health accounts.
    DOI: 10.1787/383072205636
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    The Swedish Activity Guarantee (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.16
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden
    Abstract: Until recently, an unemployed person in Sweden who participated in an active labour market programme earned entitlement to a further 60 weeks of unemployment insurance (UI) benefits. A "carousel" effect - cycling between periods of open unemployment and participation in active programmes - increasingly seen came to be seen as a factor making the active programmes less effective in promoting the transition to ordinary work. Following policy reforms in 2000 and 2001, participation in a programme no longer generates new UI entitlements. However, the public employment service (PES) can refer the unemployed to a new programme, the Activity Guarantee. This provides continuing income support, and engages participants in job-search and other activities in principle full-time until they find ordinary work. This paper summarises findings from two questionnaire surveys of the implementation of the Activity Guarantee. The first survey was addressed to PES case workers, who have direct ...
    DOI: 10.1787/631026763167
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    Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement : Chine 2003 : Progrès et enjeux de la réforme (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264101982
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (266 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Investment Policy Reviews; China 2003; Progress and Reform Challenges
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: Depuis que le gouvernement chinois s’est engagé à réformer l’économie du pays en l’ouvrant aux échanges et aux investissements internationaux, la Chine est devenue l’une des principales destinations de l’investissement direct étranger (IDE). Ces flux de capitaux, qui ont accéléré depuis l’adhésion de la Chine à l’OMC en 2001, ont contribué à dynamiser la croissance économique et la modernisation. L’IDE en provenance des pays de l’OCDE pourrait toutefois être bien supérieur encore, en termes tant quantitatifs que qualitatifs : investissements à plus long terme, davantage d’investissements dans les hautes technologies, investissements à plus forte valeur ajoutée. Cette étude évalue les efforts accomplis jusqu’à présent pour créer des conditions propices à attirer l’IDE et à en maximiser les avantages. Elle propose également de nouvelles options pour rendre les politiques encore plus efficaces. A l’origine, les investisseurs étrangers venaient en Chine attirés par les prix de la main-d’œuvre et des biens fonciers, par les promesses d’un marché très large et, jusqu’à un certain point, par des incitations fiscales. Mais pour maintenir et développer des flux d’IDE à l’échelle des besoins, il serait maintenant avisé de passer à une stratégie d’appel plus fortement basée sur des règles. Celle-ci s’appuierait sur des éléments structurels : un système juridique solide, une législation et une réglementation transparentes, des procédures d’autorisation simplifiées, une bonne gouvernance des entreprises, une politique de la concurrence efficace et un système financier fiable. Cette étude s’inscrit dans le cadre de la coopération de l’OCDE avec les économies non membres.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264101982-fr
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    Addressing the Economics of Waste (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264106192
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 628.44
    RVK:
    AR 21900
    Keywords: Environment ; Abfallbeseitigung ; Kostenmanagement ; Abfallpolitik ; Recycling ; Abfallvermeidung
    Abstract: The Workshop held by OECD in October 2003, in Paris, France, brought together leading experts to take stock of “the state of the art" on the economics of waste and to help select topics on which the OECD could usefully do additional work. The book comprises the Workshop papers by leading experts.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264106192-en
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    Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement : le bassin des Carai͏̈bes2004 : Costa Rica, République dominicaine et Jamai͏̈que (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264019393
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (198 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Investment Policy Reviews; Caribbean Rim 2004; Costa Rica, Dominican Republic and Jamaica
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Costa Rica ; Dominican Republic ; Jamaica
    Abstract: L’initiative pour l’investissement dans le bassin des Caraïbes vise à promouvoir une coopération créative et pragmatique entre les pays d’Amérique centrale et des Caraïbes, de l’OCDE et d’autres organisations internationales. Les rapports sont destinés à être utilisés par les pays concernés, le Costa Rica, la République dominicaine et la Jamaïque comme des feuilles de route pour l’élaboration et la mise en œuvre du programme de réforme de leur politique en matière d’investissement. A paraître : Les rapports sur Antigua-et-Barbuda, le Belize, la Grenade, Haïti, les Antilles néerlandaises, Sainte-Lucie et la Trinité-et-Tobago.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264019393-fr
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    Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : République Tchèque 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264106420
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews; Czech Republic 2004
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Czech Republic
    Abstract: La République tchèque, à l'aube de l'adhésion à l'Union européenne, a connu une croissance relativement régulière et attiré un flux important d’investissements directs étrangers. L'un des défis majeurs auxquels la République tchèque doit faire face est de préserver le rôle de la région de la capitale de Prague et de ses environs comme moteurs de la croissance de l'économie nationale, tout en assurant un développement adéquat dans d'autres régions. Cette étude examine les sujets suivants : le chômage, l’aide à l’entreprenariat et l’adaptation aux nouvelles technologies ainsi que les obstacles indirects à la mobilité du travail.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264106420-fr
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    Science, technologie et industrie : Perspectives de l'OCDE 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264016927
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    DOI: 10.1787/sti_outlook-2004-fr
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    Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Espagne 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264108653
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (232 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Spain 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Analisis de los resultados medioambientales; España 2004
    Keywords: Environment ; Spain
    Abstract: ESPAGNE Thèmes couverts : Gestion de l’environnementGestion de l’air, de l'eau Gestion de la nature et de la biodiversité Economie, social et environnementIntégration sectorielle : tourismeCoopération internationale Cet ouvrage s'inscrit dans le programme d'examens environnementaux concernant ses pays membres. Les efforts menés pour atteindre les objectifs nationaux et satisfaire aux engagements internationaux y sont évalués en détails. Les analyses s'appuient sur un large ensemble de données économiques et environnementales et conduisent à des recommandations sur les progrès à faire dans les domaines de l'environnement et du développement durable. Le premier cycle d'Examens environnementaux de l’OCDE de ses pays membres a été achevé en 2000. Le second cycle met l’accent sur la gestion de l’environnement, le développement durable et les engagements internationaux. Examens récents disponibles Australie 1998 Suisse 1998 Belgique 1998 République Tchèque 1999 Danemark 1999 Fédération de Russie* 1999 Turquie 1999 Hongrie 2000 Grèce 2000 Irlande 2000 Luxembourg 2000 Pays de l'OCDE 2001 Allemagne 2001 Islande 2001 Norvège 2001 Portugal 2001 République Slovaque 2002 Japon 2002 Royaume Uni 2002 Italie 2002 Pays Bas 2003 Pologne 2003 Mexique 2003 Autriche 2003 Canada 2004 Suède 2004 Espagne 2004 * Pays non membre de l'OCDE.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264108653-fr
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    Shielding Aspects of Accelerators, Targets and Irradiation Facilities - SATIF 6 : Workshop Proceedings, Standford, CA, USA 10-12 April 2002 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264017344
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (450 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Particle accelerators are used today for an increasing range of scientific and technological applications. They are very powerful tools for investigating the origin and structure of matter, and for improving understanding of the interaction of radiation with materials, including the transmutation of nuclides and the beneficial or harmful effects of radiation. Particle accelerators are used to identify properties of molecules that can be used in pharmacy, for medical diagnosis and therapy, and for biophysics studies. Particle accelerators must be operated in safe ways that protect the operators, the population and the environment. New technological and research applications give rise to new issues in radiation shielding. These workshop proceedings review the state of the art in radiation shielding of accelerator facilities and irradiated targets. They also evaluate advancements and discuss the additional developments required to meet radiation protection needs.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264017344-en
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    South East Europe Compact for Reform, Investment, Integrity and Growth : Albania - Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264030886
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (65 p)
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Albania
    Abstract: Private investment by Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)1 is a key generator of economic growth and social change in OECD member country economies. In most countries, over 90% of all enterprises are SMEs. It is now widely accepted that the contribution of SMEs to new jobs, exports, innovation and regional development is vital to national development. How to benefit from and maximise this contribution is a continuous challenge for all countries. This Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment seeks to help address that question for Albania and highlights issues that require attention and priority action.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264030886-en
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    Detecting Cyclical Turning Points : The ABCD Approach and Two Probabilistic Indicators (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis Vol. 2004, no. 2, p. 193-225
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2899
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 2, p. 193-225
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The intricate issue of detecting and forecasting macroeconomic cycles turning points has been once more perfectly illustrated with the global downturn experienced by most countries around the world in 2000-2001. Governments and Central Banks are very sensitive to economic indicators showing signs of deterioration in order to adjust their policies sufficiently in advance to avoid further deterioration or even a recession. These indicators require at least two qualities: they must be reliable and they must provide a readable signal as soon as possible. In this paper, we discuss ...
    DOI: 10.1787/jbcma-v2004-art12-en
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    OECD Economic Surveys: Slovak Republic 2004 (Slovak version) (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264015005
    Language: Slovak
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys; Slovak Republic 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE ; République slovaque 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys: Slovak Republic 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE : République slovaque 2004
    Keywords: Economics ; Slovak Republic
    Abstract: SPECIAL FEATURERationalising public spending
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264015005-sk
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  • 78
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    Joint Assessment of Ownership and Partnership in Tanzania : Comparative Review of the Aid Programmes of Denmark, Finland, Ireland and Japan (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 111-176
    Details
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Language: English
    Pages: 67 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Analyse conjointe de l'appropriation et du partenariat en Tanzanie : Examen comparatif des programmes d'aide du Danemark, de la Finlande, de l'Irlande et du Japon
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 4, p. 111-176
    Keywords: Development ; Tanzania, United Republic of
    Abstract: This Joint Assessment compares the strengths of four donors in Tanzania, namely Denmark, Finland, Ireland and Japan, as well as the challenges facing them, and makes observations on their aid programmes. The aim of the Joint Assessment of these four donors (2-13 March 2003) was to understand the way in which the implementation of donors’ partnership strategies contributes to country ownership. The paper looks at the challenges for donors posed by the Tanzanian aid co-ordination mechanisms, which strongly promote Tanzanian ownership of the development programme. It concludes with a series of lessons for DAC donors...
    DOI: 10.1787/journal_dev-v4-art29-en
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  • 79
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    Analyse des mesures non tarifaires : Les interdictions et contingentements à l'importation (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 56 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Analysis of Non-Tariff Measures: The Case of Prohibitions and Quotas
    Keywords: Trade
    Abstract: La présente étude, qui porte sur deux formes particulières de restrictions quantitatives, à savoir les interdictions d’importation et les contingents, s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une réflexion plus ample visant à mieux cerner la nature et la portée des mesures non tarifaires. Elle examine les informations relatives à ces mesures contenues dans les Examens des politiques commerciales de l’OMC, les notifications à l’OMC et divers autres rapports sur les échanges. Elle a pour objectif d’apporter sa contribution aux débats, notamment ceux concernant l’accès au marché des produits non agricoles, à l’OMC ou dans d’autres instances. L’étude a révélé que le recours aux contingents et aux prohibitions est moins souvent motivé par des raisons économiques, mais que la plupart des pays intègrent des interdictions à leurs cadres réglementaires afin de protéger la santé et la sécurité humaine ou l’environnement, tendance qui semble s’accentuer. Les négociants tireraient avantage de mesures plus transparentes à cet égard. Par ailleurs, il existe des interdictions d’importation qui entravent le commerce international des biens usagés et dont les particularités et la pertinence en termes d’efficacité réglementaire mériteraient d’être examinée de plus près.
    DOI: 10.1787/542752152740
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  • 80
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    The United Kingdom's Part-Privately Funded Business Academy Bexley (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 3 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Exchange, Programme on Educational Building no.2004/10
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La Business Academy Bexley : Une école britannique à financement semi-privé
    Keywords: Education ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: The Business Academy Bexley is one of the first purpose-built, part-privately funded independent state schools in Europe. As part of the United Kingdoms new approach to raising educational standards in areas of social deprivation and low educational attainment, Bexley was designed to facilitate integration among its students and with local residents and to enrich the learning process.
    DOI: 10.1787/613086010348
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  • 81
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    The Cost of Introducing and Implementing Trade Facilitation Measures : Interim Report (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 28 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Working Papers no.8
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Papers no.8
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Coûts de l'introduction et de la mise en oeuvre de mesures de facilitation des échanges : Rapport intérimaire
    Keywords: Trade
    Abstract: This report presents preliminary findings from a series of country surveys on the costs of introducing and implementing trade facilitation measures. It was prepared in response to concerns with respect to the cost implications of a future WTO agreement on trade facilitation and will be complemented in the near future by additional data from a wider range of developing and least-developed countries. The report contains observations with respect to the methodology of assessing trade facilitation costs and highlights common cost features in the various country experiences.
    DOI: 10.1787/143144107523
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  • 82
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    La mise en œuvre de la Convention anti-corruption de l'OCDE : Rapport sur l'Islande 2003 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264105355
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (87 p.)
    Series Statement: La mise en œuvre de la Convention anti-corruption de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Implementing the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention; Report on Iceland 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Implementing the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention: Report on Iceland 2003
    Keywords: Governance ; Iceland
    Abstract: C'est en décembre 1997 que l’Islande a signé, en compagnie de trente-trois autres pays, la Convention sur la lutte contre la corruption d'agents publics étrangers dans les transactions commerciales internationales (la Convention de l'OCDE). En août 1998, l'Islande a été le premier pays à ratifier la Convention de l'OCDE et à déposer son instrument de ratification auprès de l'OCDE. Sont étudiées dans ce rapport les dispositions juridiques et les institutions en place en Islande pour combattre la corruption d'agents publics étrangers et mesurer l'efficacité de ce dispositif. On y examine les mécanismes introduits tant au sein des administrations publiques que dans le secteur privé pour prévenir et détecter des faits de corruption d'agents publics étrangers. Ce rapport traite aussi de l'efficacité des mécanismes d’enquête et de poursuite de l’infraction de corruption étrangère et des infractions connexes notamment en matière de fraude et de blanchiment d'argent. Le rapport se termine avec des recommandations spécifiques, aussi bien en ce qui concerne la prévention et la détection que les poursuites et les sanctions appliquées en pratique. On y trouvera également les prescriptions juridiques essentielles destinées à dissuader, prévenir et combattre la corruption telles qu’elles ont été communiquées par l’Islande lors du processus d’examen. L’examen de la mise en œuvre par l’Islande des dispositions anti-corruption de l’OCDE entre dans le cadre d’un mandat plus large du Groupe de travail de l’OCDE sur la corruption dans le cadre de transactions commerciales internationales. Ce groupe est chargé d’une surveillance et d’un suivi systématiques et détaillés de l’ensemble des pays signataires de la Convention de l’OCDE sur la lutte contre la corruption étrangère. Jusqu’ici, le Groupe de travail a examiné l’application et la mise en œuvre de la Convention en Bulgarie, en Finlande, en Allemagne, en Islande et aux États-Unis. D’ici 2007, les examens des 30 autres pays seront réalisés.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264105355-fr
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  • 83
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    Teaching and Research: Some Framework Issues (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher education management and policy Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 9-18
    Details
    ISSN: 1726-9822
    Language: English
    Pages: 13 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'enseignement et la recherche : Quelques questions fondamentales
    Titel der Quelle: Higher education management and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2002
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 9-18
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This paper assesses some of the framework issues, of policy and provision, which affect the connections between teaching and research in higher education. The presumption of an essential linkage between research and teaching has in recent years been eroded by the sheer quantities of the system. In spite of the enduring appeal of the Humboldtian model, it was not always assumed in the UK and is not assumed in many other systems. The arguments for and against the connection are noted and assessed. The arguments in favour are mainly in terms of the advantages to research; and arguments from teaching are more ...
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art13-en
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  • 84
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    Triadic Patent Families Methodology (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2004/02
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Patent indicators – within the science and technology (S&T) context – are used to measure inventive performance, diffusion of knowledge and internationalisation of innovative activities – across countries, firms, industries, technology areas, etc. A common approach is to calculate patent indicators based on information (filings, grants, etc.) from a particular patent office. While the richness and strength of those indicators are broadly recognised, they are affected by “home” advantage bias – where proportionate to their inventive activity, domestic applicants tend to file more patents in their home country compared to foreign applicants. Patents taken in various countries to protect inventions can be linked together to build triadic patent families: a set of patents taken at the European Patent Office (EPO), the Japanese Patent Office (JPO), and the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) that share one or more priorities. Patent families are derived from priority application ...
    DOI: 10.1787/443844125004
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  • 85
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    La Gestalt revisitée : Retombées et évaluation de la coopération universitaire internationale (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 73-92
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3592
    Language: French
    Pages: 23 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gestalt Revisited: Spin-offs and Assessment in International University Co-operation
    Titel der Quelle: Politiques et gestion de l'enseignement supérieur
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 73-92
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: La coopération universitaire internationale est en mutation permanente. Son avenir dépend de forces extérieures telles que la globalisation et l’internationalisation, mais aussi des décisions des pouvoirs publics. De nombreuses organisations universitaires internationales procèdent à un audit de leurs programmes et de leurs initiatives, mais elles en sont arrivées au point où l’efficience des mesures d’assurance qualité se trouve remise en cause. Les directeurs d’établissement se trouvent confrontés à une baisse du moral et ils comptent sur les actions internationales pour conforter leurs espérances et leurs perspectives ; ces actions s’inspirent davantage de la rationalité économique que de l’altruisme. Même si les données actuelles laissent à penser que les approches de coopération internationale émanant de la base ont davantage de chances de survivre au changement, on s’en remet souvent aux directives énoncées par les instances dirigeantes pour fixer la ligne d’action. Exploitant les résultats d’une étude récemment actualisée, cet article passe en revue les programmes et les initiatives les plus marquants, qui n’auraient jamais vu le jour sans l’intervention de décideurs soucieux de défendre et de promouvoir la coopération universitaire internationale. C’est dans cet esprit que l’on procède ici à un réexamen de la Gestalttheorie de Wertheimer....
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-v16-art7-fr
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  • 86
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    Coincident and Leading Indicators of Manufacturing Industry (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 109-131
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2899
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 109-131
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The Swiss Institute for Business Cycle Research regularly conducts business tendency surveys (BTS) amongst manufacturing firms. The information thus generated is available with a publication lead to the official Swiss sales, production, order and inventory statistics. It is shown that the survey data can be used to generate reasonably precise estimates of the reference series with leads of at least one quarter. Specifically, cross-correlations of quarterly series are computed to screen the data for pairs of highly correlated business tendency survey series and corresponding official statistics. All pairs are identified where the maximum correlation shows up simultaneously or with a lead of the survey based series and exceeds a given threshold...
    DOI: 10.1787/jbcma-v2004-art7-en
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  • 87
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    Educational Facilities and Risk Management : Natural Disasters (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264028340
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Équipements éducatifs et gestion des risques ; Les catastrophes naturelles
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Équipements éducatifs et gestion des risques : Les catastrophes naturelles
    Keywords: Education ; France ; Greece ; Iceland ; India ; Indonesia ; Japan ; Mexico ; Nepal ; Turkey
    Abstract: Earthquakes and other natural disasters are unpredictable, and often deadly. In developed and developing countries alike, the cost in human life and infrastructure is very high. The danger to schools is of particular concern, given the concentration of young people attending them, and schools' broader role in communities -- not the least of which is their common use as places of refuge after an earthquake or other disaster.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264028340-en
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  • 88
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    Équipements pour les sciences et la technologie (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 8 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Échanges, Programme pour la construction et l'équipement de l'éducation no.2004/07
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Science and Technology Facilities
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Les quatre articles ci-dessous concernent les infrastructures pour les sciences et la technologie dans les établissements secondaires et tertiaires. Le premier article présente une vision de l’enseignement des sciences à l’école et illustre l’espace idéal pour une zone des sciences pour le niveau secondaire. Le second expose le travail en cours pour améliorer le Complexe des sciences à l’Université du Québec à Montréal. Le troisième décrit un centre de formation professionnelle de niveau secondaire dédié aux nouvelles technologies au Québec. Le quatrième article rend compte d’une visite dans une école australienne spécialisée dans les sciences et les mathématiques.
    DOI: 10.1787/610804512125
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  • 89
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    Structural Adjustment in Textiles and Clothing in the Post-ATC Trading Environment (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Working Papers no.4
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Papers no.4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ajustement structurel dans les industries du textile et du vêtement dans l'environnement commercial de l'après - ATV
    Keywords: Trade
    Abstract: This study focuses on the adjustment challenges facing the textile and clothing industries across the globe. The analytical work was initially suggested during informal consultations between the OECD Trade Committee and Civil Society Organisations. It took two years of extensive discussions in the Working Party of the Trade Committee to deepen understanding of the issues and finalise the study...
    DOI: 10.1787/708841647615
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  • 90
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    Examen du CAD par les pairs : Finlande (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le développement Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 253-333
    Details
    ISSN: 1996-5753
    Language: French
    Pages: 82 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. DAC Peer Review of Finland
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le développement
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 253-333
    Keywords: Development ; Finland
    Abstract: Cet examen présente les Principales conclusions et recommandations du Comité d’aide au développement et le rapport du Secrétariat. Le texte en a été élaboré avec des représentants du Danemark et de la Nouvelle-Zélande, qui avaient été désignés examinateurs pour l’examen de l’aide du Danemark, tenu le 17 juin 2003. Les principales questions qui y sont abordées concernent l’attention expresse portée à la lutte contre la pauvreté, l’élévation prévisible du rapport APD/RNB à 0.7 % d’ici 2010, l’élaboration d’une stratégie concernant l’accroissement de l’aide multilatérale, la définition d’une position claire sur la cohérence des politiques au service du développement, et le renforcement des ressources humaines affectées aux ambassades dans les pays partenaires. Ce rapport est publié sous l’autorité du Secrétaire général de l’OCDE...
    DOI: 10.1787/journal_dev-v4-art25-fr
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  • 91
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    Réunion à haut niveau du Comité d'aide au développement, 22-23 avril 2003 : Déclaration à la presse du Président, M. Jean-Claude Faure (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue de l'OCDE sur le développement Vol. 4, no. 2, p. 3-7
    Details
    ISSN: 1996-5753
    Language: French
    Pages: 9 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Development Assistance Committee High Level Meeting, 22-23 April 2003: Press Statement by the Chairman, Mr. Jean-Claude Faure
    Titel der Quelle: Revue de l'OCDE sur le développement
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 2, p. 3-7
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Les ministres de la coopération pour le développement et les responsables des organismes d'aide se sont retrouvés à Paris les 22 et 23 avril 2003 pour la réunion annuelle à haut niveau du Comité d'aide au développement (CAD). Au moment où la communauté internationale du développement entreprend avec détermination de donner suite aux engagements souscrits à Doha, à Monterrey et à Johannesburg, les participants à la réunion à haut niveau du CAD ont concentré leur attention sur l'amélioration des politiques et des stratégies, des pratiques et des performances, qu'il faut poursuivre en appui à la réalisation des objectifs du millénaire pour le développement (OMD), notamment à travers une réduction massive de la pauvreté. Persévérer dans cette voie est essentiel à un moment où des incertitudes préoccupantes affectent le climat économique et politique international...
    DOI: 10.1787/journal_dev-v4-art14-fr
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  • 92
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    Test No. 427: Skin Absorption: In Vivo Method (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264071063
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (8 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 427; Absorption cutanée ; méthode in vivo
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 427: Absorption cutanée : méthode in vivo
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The in vivo percutaneous absorption study set out in this Test Guideline provides the linkage necessary to extrapolate from oral studies when making safety assessments following dermal exposure. The in vivo method, described in this guideline, allows the determination of the penetration of the test substance through the skin into the systemic compartment. The test substance, preferably radiolabelled, is applied, for a fixed period of time, to the clipped skin of animals at one or more appropriate dose levels in the form of a representative in-use preparation. The rat is the most commonly used species. At least four animals of one sex should be used for each test preparation and each scheduled termination time. A known amount of the test preparation is evenly applied to the site. This amount should normally mimic potential human exposure, typically 1-5 mg/cm² for a solid or up to 10 µl/cm² for liquids. A relevant exposure period (typically 6 or 24 hours) should be used, based on the expected human exposure duration. The animals should be observed for signs of toxicity/abnormal reactions at intervals for the entire duration of the study. This study includes: daily measurements (excreta), regular detailed observations, as well as sacrifice at the scheduled time and blood collected for analysis.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264071063-en
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  • 93
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    Factors Driving Risk Premia (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.385
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper assesses the extent to which the fall in risk premia of a number of financial assets, which occurred throughout 2003, was due to improvements in factors specific to individual markets at that time or to general economic fundamentals coupled with OECD-wide abundant liquidity. Regarding the latter two factors, principal component analysis was used here to identify a common trend in risk premia in equity, corporate bond and emerging markets since early 1998. The analysis finds that both economic fundamentals and liquidity have played a statistically significant role in driving the common factor. It also finds that liquidity (measured as the GDP weighted average of M3 of the three major economies less its trend) performs better than similarly weighted short-term interest rates. By spring 2004, the common factor in different risk premia had fallen below what could be explained by economic fundamentals and liquidity ...
    DOI: 10.1787/738228687051
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  • 94
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    Business Dynamics, Regulation and Performance (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2004/03
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Building on an earlier study of patterns on firm entry, exit growth and survival based on new data from Eurostat covering nine European Union member countries (Brandt, 2004), this paper takes a closer look at the role of policies and institutions for firm entry and survival and at the link between new firm creation and economic performance. The earlier study revealed that firm entry rates, i.e. the number of new firms in a market in relation to all active enterprises, were particularly high in Information and Communication (ICT) related industries in recent years. This lends some support to the idea present in some theories of economic growth that new firms are important for the development and implementation of new technologies. This paper takes a closer look at the relationship between firm entry and economic performance. Results reveals that high rates of firm entry tend to coincide with rapid productivity, output and employment growth, especially in the ICT related services ...
    DOI: 10.1787/573033480640
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  • 95
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    Perspectives de l'investissement international (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264299184
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. International Investment Perspectives 2002
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264299184-fr
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  • 96
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    Competition and Regulation Issues in Telecommunications : Country Contributions (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 171-171
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 2 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Questions de concurrence et de réglementation en matière de fusions dans les médias : Contributions par pays
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 171-171
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This section lists the 17 country contributions to the discussion of media mergers.
    DOI: 10.1787/clp-v5-art18-en
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  • 97
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    Online Resource
    Detailed Review Document on Classification in OECD Member Countries of Substances and Mixtures which in contact with water release toxic gases (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264079106
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (14 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Series on Testing and Assessment no.41
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This review documents examines member country classification of substances and mixtures which in contact with water release toxic gases.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264079106-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 98
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    Online Resource
    Detection of Turning Points in Business Cycles (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 93-108
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2899
    Language: English
    Pages: 16 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: journal of business cycle measurement and analysis
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 93-108
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Methods for continuously monitoring business cycles are compared. A turn in a leading index can be used to predict a turn in the business cycle. Three likelihood based methods for turning point detection are compared in detail by using the theory of statistical surveillance and by simulations. One of the methods is a parametric likelihood ratio method. Another includes a non-parametric estimation procedure. The third is based on a Hidden Markov Model. Evaluations are made of several features such as knowledge of shape and parameters of the curve, types and probabilities of transitions and smoothing. Results on the expected delay time [of](to) a correct alarm and the predictive value of an alarm are discussed...
    DOI: 10.1787/jbcma-v2004-art6-en
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bosnia and Herzegovina - State Level (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 40 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Sigma Public Management Profiles no.16
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: In its present borders, Bosnia-Herzegovina was created on 25 November 1943 at a session of Tito’s Communist Party, the winning party after the Second World War. After the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was created in 1945, Bosnia-Herzegovina existed as one of its six republics for nearly 50 years. In the early 1990s, the events in former Yugoslavia and consequently in Bosnia-Herzegovina started to multiply at a dramatic speed. After the referendum, which was boycotted by the majority of the Bosnian Serbs and endorsed by Bosniaks and the Bosnian Croats, Bosnia-Herzegovina declared independence on 1 March 1992, but the existence of the newly proclaimed state was short – the war started the following month. The beginning of the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina saw two sides at war with each other: on one side were Bosnian Croats and Bosniaks and on the other Bosnian Serbs. However, throughout 1993, Bosnian Croats and Bosniaks fought also heavily with each other. In March 1994, under U.S. pressure, fighting between Bosniaks and Croats ended, with the two sides agreeing to establish a federation on the territory they controlled (the ‘Washington Agreement’). They then joined forces against the Bosnian Serbs who lost ground to the offensive and endured NATO strikes in August 1995.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kmk17zq70r8-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 100
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    Online Resource
    Labour Force Participation of Women : Empirical Evidence on The Role of Policy and Other Determinants in OECD Countries (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: economic studies Vol. 2003, no. 2, p. 51-108
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2856
    Language: English
    Pages: 60 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les femmes sur le marché du travail : Évidence empirique sur le rôle des politiques économiques et autres déterminants dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: economic studies
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2003, no. 2, p. 51-108
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper examines the determinants of female labour force participation in OECD countries. The econometric analysis uses a panel data set covering 17 OECD countries over the period 1985-1999, and distinguishes between part-time and full-time female participation rates. It shows a positive impact on female participation of a more neutral tax treatment of second earners (relative to single individuals), childcare subsidies, and paid maternity and parental leave. On the other hand, child benefits reduce female participation due to an income effect and their lump-sum character. Female education, the general labour market conditions, and cultural attitudes remain major determinants of female participation. Simulations illustrate the potentially significant impact that some of the examined policies could exert on female participation ...
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-v2003-art9-en
    URL: Volltext
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