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  • 1
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    Connecting with emigrants : a global profile of diasporas ... (ab 2012-)
    Paris : OECD Publishing ; 2012 -
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 2012 -
    DDC: 380
    Schlagwort(e): Zeitschrift ; Migration ; Minderheit
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Zeitschrift/Serie
    KOBV
  • 2
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    Zeitschrift/Serie
    Connecting with emigrants : a global profile of diasporas ... (ab 2012-)
    Paris : OECD Publishing ; 2012 -
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 2012 -
    DDC: 380
    Schlagwort(e): Zeitschrift ; Migration ; Minderheit
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Zeitschrift/Serie
    BSZ
    GBV
  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Perspectives des Migrations Internationales 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264223905
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (464 p)
    Paralleltitel: Print version Perspectives des Migrations Internationales 2014
    DDC: 304.8
    Schlagwort(e): Electronic books
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: ""Avant-propos""; ""Table des mati�res""; ""�ditorial : les politiques migratoires en période d�incertitudes""; ""Résumé""; ""Chapitre 1. Tendances récentes des migrations internationales""; ""Principaux résultats""; ""Tendances récentes des migrations internationales""; ""Tableau 1.1. Entrées permanentes dans quelques pays de l�OCDE, 2007-13""; ""�volution de l�immigration depuis la crise financi�re""; ""Graphique 1.1. �volution des entrées permanentes entre la moyenne annuelle 2007-11 et 2012""; ""Tendances dans la composition des flux migratoires""
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: ""Graphique 1.2. Immigration permanente dans les pays de l�OCDE par catégorie d�entrée, statistiques standardisées, 2007-12""""Graphique 1.3. Les migrations de travail en Europe""; ""Graphique 1.4. Immigration permanente par catégorie d�entrée ou de changement de statut dans quelques pays de l�OCDE en 2012""; ""Les migrations temporaires de travail""; ""Tableau 1.2. Migrations temporaires de travailleurs par catégorie, 2007-12""; ""Demandeurs d�asile""; ""Tableau 1.3. Entrées de demandeurs d�asile par pays de destination, 2009-13""
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: ""Graphique 1.5. Nouvelles demandes d�asile de Syriens dans 44 pays industrialisés par trimestre, 2011-14""""Les étudiants internationaux""; ""Graphique 1.6. Les étudiants étrangers dans le monde et dans les pays de l�OCDE, 2000-12""; ""Tableau 1.4. �tudiants en mobilité internationale dans les pays de l�OCDE, 2012""; ""Graphique 1.7. Principaux pays d�origine des étudiants internationaux dans l�enseignement supérieur des pays de l�OCDE, 2008 et 2012""; ""Pays d�origine des migrants internationaux""
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: ""Tableau 1.5. Immigration vers les pays de l�OCDE, 50 principaux pays d�origine, 2007, 2009, 2011 et 2012""""Migration nette""; ""Graphique 1.8. Taux de migration nets annuels moyens, 2005-08 et 2009-12""; ""Notes""; ""Chapitre 2. L�intégration des immigrés et de leurs enfants sur le marché du travail : développer, mobiliser et utiliser les compétences""; ""Principaux résultats en mati�re de politique d�intégration""; ""Encadré 2.1. Des politiques efficaces pour mieux exploiter le potentiel des immigrés et de leurs enfants""; ""Introduction""
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: ""Encadré 2.2. Les travaux de l�OCDE en mati�re d�intégration des immigrés et leurs enfants""""Le contexte de l�intégration sur le marché du travail""; ""Taille et structure de la population immigrée""; ""Graphique 2.1. Personnes nées à l�étranger en pourcentage de la population totale, 2013""; ""Graphique 2.2. Part des personnes ayant un niveau d�éducation tertiaire parmi les personnes d�âge actif (15-64 ans) nées dans le pays ou à l�étranger, 2013""
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: ""Graphique 2.3. Distribution de la population d�âge actif née à l�étranger par continent de naissance, 2010-11""
    Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record
    URL: Volltext
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    OECD Rural Policy Reviews : Chile 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264209237
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (214 p)
    Serie: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Print version OECD Rural Policy Reviews : Chile 2014
    DDC: 305.50983
    Schlagwort(e): Electronic books
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: ""Foreword""; ""Acknowledgements""; ""Table of contents""; ""Executive summary""; ""Assessment and recommendations""; ""Chapter 1. Profile of rural Chile1""; ""Redefining rural in Chile""; ""Framework conditions for rural development in Chile""; ""What is “rural� Chile?""; ""Assessing the performance of Chilean regions""; ""Inclusive and sustainable development in rural areas""; ""Conclusions""; ""Notes""; ""Bibliography""; ""Annex 1.A1. Chile�s governance and functions at sub-national level""; ""Annex 1.A2. Regional grids and the OECD extended typology""
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: ""Annex 1.A3. Defining OECD functional urban areas""""Chapter 2. Towards a modern rural policy for Chile""; ""Introduction""; ""The rural economy and economic development""; ""A modern approach to rural policy in OECD countries""; ""The New Rural Paradigm (NRP)""; ""Current rural policy in Chile and its potential""; ""Conclusions""; ""Notes""; ""Bibliography""; ""Chapter 3. Institutional challenges for a comprehensive rural policy in Chile""; ""Introduction""; ""The challenge of articulating rural policy in Chile""; ""Advancing towards comprehensive rural development policies""
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: ""Strengthening place-based approaches""""Conclusions""; ""Notes""; ""Bibliography""; ""Annex 3.A.1.""
    Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record
    URL: Volltext
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    GBV
  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Études économiques de l'OCDE : Irlande 2013 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264183483
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (142 p)
    Paralleltitel: Print version Études économiques de l'OCDE : Irlande 2013
    DDC: 305.23509415
    Schlagwort(e): Electronic books
    Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record
    URL: Volltext
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Études économiques de l'OCDE : Corée 2012 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264129672
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (171 p)
    Paralleltitel: Print version Études économiques de l'OCDE : Corée 2012
    DDC: 306.09519
    Schlagwort(e): Electronic books
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: ""Table des mati�res""; ""Statistiques de base de la Corée""; ""Résumé""; ""�valuation et recommandations""; ""Graphique 1. �volution de la situation macroéconomique en Corée""; ""L�expansion économique de la Corée et les politiques macroéconomiques propres à la soutenir""; ""Un ralentissement de la croissance et une progression de l�inflation en 2011""; ""Le rythme de la croissance devrait s�accélérer, mais dans un contexte qui n�est pas exempt de risques""; ""Tableau 1. Perspectives économiques à court terme""
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: ""La politique de modération des dépenses vise un rééquilibrage du budget d�ici à 2013""""Depuis la mi-2011, le durcissement de la politique monétaire marque une pause""; ""Graphique 2. Les conditions monétaires sont relâchées""; ""Politique de taux de change et flux de capitaux""; ""Graphique 3. Les réserves de change ont augmenté tandis que la dette extérieure à court terme reste élevée""; ""Graphique 4. �volution du taux de change""; ""Encadré 1. Recommandations de politique macroéconomique""; ""Politiques visant à promouvoir la croissance économique""
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: ""Graphique 5. La Corée poursuit son processus de convergence vers les �tats-Unis""""Graphique 6. Selon les prévisions, le vieillissement de la population en Corée sera le plus rapide de toute la zone OCDE""; ""Mettre en place une croissance verte et sobre en carbone""; ""Graphique 7. Bien qu�en baisse, l�intensité énergétique de la Corée reste nettement supérieure à la moyenne de l�OCDE""; ""Prendre des mesures sur le marché du travail pour stimuler la croissance""; ""Graphique 8. Population active : projections à long terme""
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: ""Réformer la fiscalité pour soutenir la croissance et financer la hausse des dépenses publiques""""Tableau 2. Structure de la fiscalité dans les pays de l�OCDE""; ""Graphique 9. Coin fiscal moyen et marginal sur le travail""; ""Accroître la contribution du syst�me éducatif à la croissance""; ""Graphique 10. Le pourcentage des jeunes inactifs dipl�més du supérieur est élevé en Corée""; ""Graphique 11. Les dépenses consacrées à l�éducation préscolaire sont faibles en Corée""; ""Développer le secteur des services""; ""Graphique 12. Le secteur des services""
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: ""Encadré 2. Principales recommandations en vue de stimuler la croissance économique""""Renforcer la cohésion sociale en luttant contre les inégalités de revenu croissantes et la pauvreté relative""; ""Graphique 13. Les inégalités se creusent en Corée""; ""Accroître progressivement les dépenses sociales afin de renforcer la cohésion sociale""; ""Graphique 14. Taux de pauvreté relative, par groupe d�âge""; ""Graphique 15. Les dépenses de santé par habitant sont faibles et la part privée est élevée""; ""Tableau 3. Comparaison internationale des services de santé""
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: ""Lutter contre le dualisme du marché du travail pour réduire les inégalités de salaire""
    Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record
    URL: Volltext
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Matching Economic Migration with Labour Market Needs (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264216372
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (382 p)
    Paralleltitel: Print version Matching Economic Migration with Labour Market Needs
    DDC: 304.8
    Schlagwort(e): Electronic books
    Kurzfassung: This publication gathers the papers presented at the ""OECD-EU dialogue on mobility and international migration: matching economic migration with labour market needs"" (Brussels, 24-25 February 2014), a conference jointly organised by the European Commission and the OECD. It provides new evidence on the role that international migration has played in Europe and in selected other OECD countries over the past decade in terms of labour force; educational attainment; and occupational changes. It analyses the availability and use of migrants' skills based on an in-depth literature review as well as
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Foreword; Table of contents; Executive summary; Editorial - Turning the corner; Part I. Demographic context; Chapter 1.Demographic trends, labour market needs and migration; 1.1. Introduction; 1.2. Conclusion: Learning from the past - Conciliating economic needs and human rights; Notes; References; Chapter 2.Demographic change and the future of the labour force in the EU27, other OECD countries and selected large emerging economies; 2.1. Introduction; 2.2. Main findings; 2.3. Long-term global demographic trends; 2.4. Recent trends in working-age population in the EU27 and other OECD countries
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 2.5. The labour force: Demographic vs. cohort effects2.6. Beyond participation: Skills and geographical mismatches; 2.7. What role does international migration play?; 2.8. Conclusion; Notes; References; Annex 2.A1 Supplementary figures; Chapter 3.Current and future skills of the workforce: The demography of educational attainment and the role of migration; 3.1. Introduction; 3.2. Educational attainment of the labour force and the role of migration; 3.3. Projections of the labour force by educational attainment for 2020; 3.4. Conclusion; Notes; References
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Annex 3.A1 Methodology for estimating the components of demographic changeAnnex 3.A2 Methodology for estimating the projected educational attainment of the workforce in 2020; Notes; Chapter 4.The demography of occupational change and skill use among immigrants and the native-born; 4.1. Introduction; 4.2. Main findings; 4.3. The demography of occupational change; 4.4. The extent of occupational change over the decade 2000-10; 4.5. Occupational change and intra- and extra-European migration; 4.6. Occupational change: The gender dimension; 4.7. Conclusion; Notes; References
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Annex 4.A1 Methodology for estimating the components of demographic changeAnnex 4.A2 Occupational change and overqualification; Part II. Migrant skills; Chapter 5.Immigrant skills, their measurement, use and return: A review of literature; 5.1. Introduction; 5.2. Immigrants' educational attainment and skills; 5.3. Returns to education and skills in the host country labour market; 5.4. Explanations for the differences in returns to immigrant and native skills; 5.5. Conclusion; Notes; References; Annex 5.A1 Educational attainment
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Annex 5.A2 Explanatory factors of the difference in returns to education between immigrants and nativesChapter 6.The qualifications of immigrants and their value in the labour market: A comparison of Europe and the United States; 6.1. Introduction; 6.2. The qualifications of immigrants; 6.3. The value of immigrants' qualifications in the labour market; 6.4. Selected issues in transferring qualifications from the country of origin to the host country; 6.5. Conclusion; Notes; References; Annex 6.A1 Supplementary tables and figures
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Chapter 7.The international portability of migrant human capital: Canadian experiences
    Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Regulatory Policy and Behavioural Economics (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264207851
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (74 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Lunn, Pete Regulatory policy and behavioural economics
    DDC: 330.01
    Schlagwort(e): Verhaltensökonomik ; Regulierung ; Governance ; Verhaltensökonomie ; Regulierung
    Kurzfassung: Over the past five years, behavioural economics has been rapidly propelled from the margins of economic analysis towards the policy mainstream. In this context, this study offers an international review of the initial applications of behavioural economics to policy, with a particular focus on regulatory policy. It describes the extent to which behavioural findings have begun to influence public policy in a number of OECD countries, referring to a total of more than 60 instances, the majority of which concern regulatory policy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264207851-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Budgeting Practices and Procedures in OECD Countries (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059696
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Budgeting practices and procedures in OECD countries
    Schlagwort(e): Haushaltsplanung ; Öffentlicher Haushalt ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: The OECD Budget Practices and Procedures Database provides detailed data on how budgets are made in OECD countries from formulation, to approval, execution and reporting based on surveys conducted every four to five years. This publication presents the results of the latest survey, conducted in 2012, and compares this with the previous survey, conducted in 2007. It finds that fiscal sustainability is a key issue for countries today. It also highlights the growing use of medium-term expenditure frameworks, capital budgeting and top-down budgeting, and it examines transparency of budgeting as well as budgeting flexibility.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059696-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews: Italy 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264213241
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Serie: OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Rapporto Peer Review dell'OCSE-DAC sulla cooperazione allo sviluppo dell'Italia
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD development co-operation peer reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Entwicklungshilfe ; Italien ; Development ; Italy
    Kurzfassung: This peer reviews assess the performance of Italy, covering not just development co-operation agency, but also policy and implementation. It takes an integrated, system-wide perspective on the development co-operation and humanitarian assistance activities Italy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264213241-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 11
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Women, Government and Policy Making in OECD Countries : Fostering Diversity for Inclusive Growth (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264210745
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Women, government and policy making in OECD countries
    Schlagwort(e): Frauenpolitik ; Gleichstellungspolitik ; Öffentlicher Dienst ; Politiker ; Frauen ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; OECD ; Frau ; Geschlechterpolitik ; Führungskraft
    Kurzfassung: Achieving gender equality in the economy and in the political leadership remains an ongoing challenge across the world. This report aims to address this gap. It provides comparative data and policy benchmarks on women's access to public leadership and inclusive gender-responsive policy-making across OECD countries. The report is prepared in the context of the OECD Gender Initiative, launched by the OECD Ministers.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264210745-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Mental Health and Work: Switzerland (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264204973
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Serie: Mental Health and Work
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Santé mentale et emploi ; Suisse
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Psychische Gesundheit und Beschäftigung; Schweiz
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Schlagwort(e): Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Schweiz ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Switzerland ; Schweiz ; Berufstätigkeit ; Psychische Störung
    Kurzfassung: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on Switzerland is the fifth in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It concludes that the Swiss system is well resourced to address the challenges in various policy fields; that due the involvemnet of a large number of stakeholders much needed policy coordination across different sectors is a difficult task; and that a stronger mental health focus is required in Switzerland's health, social and labour market policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264204973-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 13
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    Online-Ressource
    OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Botswana 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264203365
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (184 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD investment policy reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Investitionspolitik ; Botsuana ; Finance and Investment ; Botswana ; Botswana ; Direktinvestition
    Kurzfassung: OECD's comprehensive review of investment policy in Botswana. After an overview of the country, the review examines investment policy, investment promotion and facilitation as well as infrastructure in Botswana.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264203365-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 14
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    OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality: Czech Republic 2014 : Raising Standards (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264208605
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (160 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of health care quality
    Schlagwort(e): Gesundheitsversorgung ; Tschechien ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Czech Republic ; Tschechien ; Medizinische Versorgung
    Kurzfassung: This book presents a comprehensive review of health care quality in the Czech Republic. It finds that over the past 20 years, the Czech Republic witnessed the unprecedented gains in quality of health care and life expectancy and successfully transferred its Semaschko system into the modern accessible health care system with private-public mix of providers. Nevertheless the health care system in the Czech Republic still has some way to go to achieve the outcomes of the best performing OECD members. While some of the gap might be caused by the one of the lowest levels of health care expenditures among OECD countries (7.2% GDP in 2011) there are possibilities to improve the outcomes without incurring much of the additional costs. The Czech authorities should reach a consensus on the development of quality of care and data infrastructure and aim for sustainable long-term initiatives undisturbed by the political cycles in both of these areas. While the adverse events reporting and voluntary accreditation are the good steps towards the accountability of the providers, the government should do more in this area, undertake the effort to broaden the accreditation process and include outpatient care and link public health authorities to the quality agenda of inpatient care. In the area of data infrastructure more data should be gathered, the process of data gathering should be streamlined and administrative burden for the providers lowered primarily via the merging the data-collecting agencies. Finally, without the active participation of health insurance funds and proper reimbursement mechanisms in place the quality agenda will not be perceived as the priority.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264208605-en
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  • 15
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    Current Approaches in the Statistical Analysis of Ecotoxicity Data : A guidance to application (annexes to this publication exist as a separate document) (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264085275
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (147 p.)
    Serie: OECD Series on Testing and Assessment no.54
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: This document describes the main statistical methods used for analysis of data from ecotoxicological studies .
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264085275-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 16
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    Online-Ressource
    Valuing Convenience in Public Transport (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282107683
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (180 p.) , ill.
    Serie: ITF Round Tables no.156
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Évaluer la commodité d'usage des transports publics
    Schlagwort(e): Transport
    Kurzfassung: The experience of transport systems users, in terms of comfort, reliability, safety and above all convenience, is critical in determining demand for transport services, at least when there is a choice of alternative ways to travel. Convenience is one of the strongest attractions of the private car for passenger transport. For users of public transport, convenience is also clearly important but not always clearly defined and not often measured in designing transport systems or monitoring their operating performance. In many situations, an increase in public transport convenience reduces the unit costs of travel (euros/dollars per hour or cents per minute) and so provides benefits equivalent to an increase in travel speed. This report focuses on convenience and its importance to the user experience. It reviews operational definitions of convenience, evidence for the willingness of users to pay for convenience and the use of indicators to assess and improve the convenience of public transport, with a view to making it more effective and more competitive.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282107683-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 17
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Fish Toxicity Testing Framework (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264221437
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (174 p.)
    Serie: OECD Series on Testing and Assessment no.177
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: This document presents a review of fish toxicity testing for the regulatory purpose of chemical safety. The main focus is on fish toxicity, but fish bioaccumulation is also considered where relevant. A review of regulatory needs for fish tests under various jurisdictions in OECD countries is provided in Chapter 2, followed by a review of statistical issues and general test considerations in Chapters 3 and 4, respectively. The document examines animal welfare concerns and alternatives to fish tests in Chapter 5. Chapter 6 provides a systematic review of existing and draft OECD Guidelines which use fish for toxicity or bioaccumulation studies. Finally Chapter 7 describes a generic framework for assessing the environmental hazards of chemicals using fish tests in the most efficient way. An Annex contains conclusions and recommendations made and agreed at the workshop in September 2010. The recommendations concern, among other aspects, possible improvements to existing Test Guidelines, development of guidance on specific issues, harmonisation of existing Test Guidelines for common issues, development of new Test Guidelines, and proposals for deletion of outdated Test Guidelines.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264221437-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 18
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Employment and Skills Strategies in Northern Ireland, United Kingdom (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264208872
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (88 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Reviews on Local Job Creation
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Employment and skills strategies in Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
    RVK:
    QG 410
    Schlagwort(e): Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Qualifikation ; Bildungspolitik ; Nordirland ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; United Kingdom
    Kurzfassung: This book focuses on the role of employment and training agencies in contributing to job creation and productivity in Northern Ireland. It explores how Northern Ireland is implementing labour market and skills policy and putting measures in place at the local level to stimulate quality employment, inclusion and growth.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264208872-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 19
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    Improving Corporate Governance in India : Related Party Transactions and Minority Shareholder Protection (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264220652
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (64 p.)
    Serie: Corporate Governance
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Improving corporate governance in India
    Schlagwort(e): Corporate Governance ; Indien ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; India
    Kurzfassung: A concern that many markets around the world share in relation to poor corporate governance is the abuse of related party transactions (RPTs). This is particularly true in markets where controlling ownership is predominant. Judging by the frequent reporting of RPTs, this calls for the relevant authorities and companies to be vigilant and have in place an effective oversight framework through which abusive RPTs can be identified, prevented or stopped. This book presents the findings of an OECD policy dialogue with Indian stakeholders on policies to improve the monitoring and prevension of abusive RPTs in India.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264220652-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 20
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    Online-Ressource
    OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews: United Kingdom 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264226579
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Serie: OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD development co-operation peer reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Entwicklungshilfe ; Großbritannien ; Development ; United Kingdom ; Großbritannien ; Entwicklungshilfe
    Kurzfassung: This review of the development co-operation efforts of the United Kingdom examines its policies, performance and implementation. It takes an integrated, system-wide perspective on the development co-operation and humanitarian assistance activities of the member under review.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264226579-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 21
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    Online-Ressource
    Guidance Document 116 on the Conduct and Design of Chronic Toxicity and Carcinogenicity Studies, Supporting Test Guidelines 451, 452 and 453 : Second edition (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264221475
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Serie: OECD Series on Testing and Assessment no.116
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: This guidance provides additional information on the conduct of studies performed using Test Guidelines 451, 452 and Test Guideline 453. Its objective is to assist users of the TGs to select the most appropriate methodology to assess the chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity of a test chemical so that particular data requirements can be met while reducing animal usage if possible/appropriate.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264221475-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 22
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    Online-Ressource
    Social Cohesion Policy Review of Viet Nam (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264196155
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (204 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Development Centre Studies
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Social cohesion policy review of Viet Nam
    Schlagwort(e): Soziale Lage ; Soziale Sicherheit ; Sozialpolitik ; Vietnam ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Viet Nam
    Kurzfassung: This report examines the effects of recent economic growth in Viet Nam on social cohesion. It finds that recent rapid economic growth in Viet Nam has not resulted in an increase in overall inequality, but the level of inequality was already high. Growth was not particularly inclusive, benefiting most the middle class and the richest households, and favouring less households in the bottom 20th percentile. Income mobility was also high, and while a majority of households experienced upward income mobility, downward absolute income mobility affected one in five households. Economic growth was not particularly job rich with employment growth lagging behind economic expansion. In particular, important challenges were identified in the area of education and skills policies relating to fast-changing labour market needs. Minimum wage policies had a small but positive effect on employment, but concerns were highlighted over partial coverage and weak compliance. Tax policy and specifically personal income tax had only a small impact on reducing inequality, but transfers from central to local governments produced an equalising effect, albeit with mixed results in terms of satisfaction with public services. Finally, social protection systems have been extended, but important coverage gaps remain among the poor and ethnic minority groups, and informality remains a key challenge for universal extension.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264196155-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 23
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    An Atlas of the Sahara-Sahel : Geography, Economics and Security (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264222359
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (250 p.) , ill.
    Serie: West African Studies
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Un atlas du Sahara-Sahel ; Géographie, économie et insécurité
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als An atlas of the Sahara-Sahel
    RVK:
    QG 700
    Schlagwort(e): Geographie ; Volkswirtschaft ; Wirtschaftslage ; Sahel ; Development ; Sahel ; Geografie ; Wirtschaft
    Kurzfassung: The Sahara-Sahel has seen recurrent episodes of instability. However, the recent Libyan and Malian crises have intensified the level of violence. These episodes have restructured the geopolitical and geographical dynamics of the region. Cross-border or regional, these contemporary crises require new institutional responses. How can countries sharing this space - Algeria, Libya, Mali, Morocco, Mauritania, Niger, Chad and Tunisia and all related states such as Nigeria - stabilize and develop? Historically, the Sahara plays an intermediary role between North Africa and sub-Saharan Africa. Commercial and human exchanges are intense and based on social networks that now include trafficking. Understanding their structure, geographical and organizational mobility of criminal groups and migratory movements represents a strategic challenge. This book hopes to address this challenge and stimulate strategies for the Sahel of the European Union, the United Nations, the African Union or ECOWAS (Economic Community of the States of West Africa) in order to foster lasting peace. The Atlas is based on an analysis of mapped regional security issues and development objectives to open the necessary dialogue between regional and international organizations, governments, researchers and local stakeholders tracks.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264222359-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 24
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    Online-Ressource
    Public Enforcement and Corporate Governance in Asia : Guidance and Good Practices (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264217409
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (56 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Public enforcement and corporate governance in Asia
    Schlagwort(e): Corporate Governance ; Rechtsdurchsetzung ; Asien ; Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: This book presents a study of the corporate governance legal framework and enforcement by capital market regulators in participating Asian jurisdictions. The study focuses on the following areas: the legal framework and adequacy of laws, with a focus on related-party transactions, disclosure of ownership and control, and fiduciary duties of directors; the structure of enforcement authorities; the authority to monitor, supervise, investigate, enforce and impose sanctions; disclosure of enforcement actions and practices; the role of the courts and the judicial system; and cross-border enforcement.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264217409-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 25
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    OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Colombia 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264204638
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (244 p.)
    Serie: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Colombia
    Kurzfassung: This review offers a comprehensive assessment of the innovation system of Colombia, focusing on the role of government. It provides concrete recommendations on how to improve policies that affect innovation performance, including R&D policies and identifies good practices from which other countries can learn. The Overall assessment and recommendations is also available in French and Spanish.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264204638-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 26
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    The Adverse Outcome Pathway for Skin Sensitisation Initiated by Covalent Binding to Proteins (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264221444
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (105 p.)
    Serie: OECD Series on Testing and Assessment no.168
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: This document describes the state of knowledge of the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) for skin sensitisation initiated by covalent binding to proteins, assesses the weight-of-evidence supporting the AOP, identifies the key events, and identifies databases containing test results related to those key events. AOPs can be incorporated into chemical categories-based assessments or integrated approaches for testing and assessment.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264221444-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 27
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    The Guidance Document for Using the OECD (Q)SAR Application Toolbox to Develop Chemical Categories According to the OECD Guidance on Grouping Chemicals (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264221482
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (118 p.)
    Serie: OECD Series on Testing and Assessment no.102
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: This document provides guidance on how to use the OECD (Q)SAR Application Toolbox to build chemical categories according to the OECD Guidance on Grouping of Chemicals. It is part of an overall effort to provide guidance on the use of the (Q)SAR Application Toolbox.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264221482-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 28
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    OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews: France 2013 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264196193
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (132 p.)
    Serie: OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE sur la coopération pour le développement ; France 2013
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD development co-operation peer reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Entwicklungshilfe ; Frankreich ; Development ; France
    Kurzfassung: This report on the DAC peer review of France's development co-opeation programmes and policies presents an assessment of the performance of the programme and examines both policy and implementation. It takes an integrated, system-wide perspective on the development co-operation and humanitarian assistance activities of the member under review
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264196193-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 29
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    Online-Ressource
    OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: France 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264214026
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (280 p.)
    Serie: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques d'innovation ; France 2014
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; France
    Kurzfassung: This report compares the performance of the French innnovation systems with that of other countries and presents the conclusions of interviews with 30 key actors in the French research and innovation system. During the past ten years, this system has undergone profound changes, and the report highlights the governments plan to dynamise and reform the system.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264214026-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 30
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    Ageing and Employment Policies: Netherlands 2014 : Working Better with Age (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264208155
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Ageing and employment policies
    Schlagwort(e): Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Niederlande ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Netherlands ; Niederlande ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer ; Beschäftigungspolitik
    Kurzfassung: Given the ageing challenges, there is an increasing pressure in OECD countries to further boost the employability of the working-age population over the coming decades. This report provides an overview of policy iniatives implemented over the past decade in the Netherlands and identifies areas where more should be done, covering both supply-side and demand-side aspects. To give better incentives to carry on working, the report recommends to promote longer contribution periods in the second-pillar pension schemes, and ensure better information and transparency of pension schemes, with a special focus on groups with low financial literacy. On the side of employers, it is important to progress towards more age-neutral hiring decisions and wage-setting procedures with more focus on performance and less on tenure and seniority. To improve the employability of older workers, the focus should be to promote training measures for older unemployed which are directly linked to a specific job. The large diversity in municipal "Work-First"programmes should be utilised in designing mor effective activation policies targetted on those at risk of losing contact with the labour market.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264208155-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 31
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    Plano de ação para o combate à erosão da base tributária e à transferência de lucros (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264207790
    Sprache: Portugiesisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (50 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Action Plan on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Plan d'action concernant l'érosion de la base d'imposition et le transfert de bénéfices
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Aktionsplan zur Bekämpfung der Gewinnverkürzung und Gewinnverlagerung
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Plan de acción contra la erosión de la base imponible y el traslado de beneficios
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Action Plan on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (Russian version)
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Taxation
    Kurzfassung: Este plano de ação (i) identifica ações necessárias para enfrentar a erosão da base tributária e a transferência de lucros; (ii) estabelece prazos para a implementação dessas ações; e (iii) identifica os recursos necessários e a metodologia adequada para implementar as ações.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264207790-pt
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  • 32
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    Open Government in Latin America (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264223639
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Gobierno Abierto en América Latina
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Open government in Latin America
    Schlagwort(e): Regierung ; Good Governance ; Öffentliche Verwaltung ; Lateinamerika ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: Latin American governments have embarked upon substantial open government reforms in recent years. Working with the Open Government Partnership (OGP), progress has been made. The OECD - as an official multilateral partner organisation of the OGP - has conducted a regional stocktaking exercise of open government strategies and practices. Its main findings are reflected in this report, allowing Latin American countries to compare and benchmark against good international practice.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264223639-en
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  • 33
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    OECD Review of Telecommunication Policy and Regulation in Colombia (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264208131
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Estudio de la OCDE sobre políticas y regulación de telecomunicaciones en Colombia
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD review of telecommunication policy and regulation in Colombia
    Schlagwort(e): Telekommunikationspolitik ; Regulierung ; Kolumbien ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Colombia
    Kurzfassung: As have OECD countries, Colombia has recognised that the communications sector, and in particular high-speed Internet access provided by fixed and mobile broadband, represents a key infrastructure for improving productivity and economic growth and in enhancing the welfare of its citizens. This report reviews policies and regulations in the telecommunication service sector in Colombia. It puts forward recommendations aimed at furthering regulatory reform and stimulating market competition and investment in the sector as a building block for the future development of the Colombian economy. It aims to help achieve one of the government's goals, which is to develop a knowledge-intensive society.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264208131-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 34
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    Mortality Assumptions and Longevity Risk : Implications for pension funds and annuity providers (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264222748
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (290 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Mortality assumptions and longevity risk
    RVK:
    QV 596
    Schlagwort(e): Sterblichkeit ; Versicherungsökonomik ; Versicherungsmathematik ; Pensionskasse ; Finance and Investment ; OECD ; Sterblichkeit ; Lebenserwartung ; Versicherungsmathematik
    Kurzfassung: Pension funds and annuity providers need to effectively manage the longevity risk they are exposed to. Individuals receiving a lifetime income may live longer than expected or accounted for in the actuarial calculations to provision for these liabilities. Mismanaged longevity risk can deteriorate finances, cause bankruptcy and expose individuals to the risk of losing their retirement income. To safeguard against this risk, pension funds and annuity providers must provision for future improvements in mortality and life expectancy. The regulatory framework can support the effective management of longevity risk. This publication assesses how pension funds, annuity providers such as life insurance companies, and the regulatory framework account for future improvements in mortality and life expectancy. The study then examines the mortality tables commonly used by pension funds and annuity providers against several well-known mortality projection models with the purpose of assessing the potential shortfall in provisions. The final part of the publication identifies best practices and discusses the management of longevity risk, putting forward a set of policy options to encourage and facilitate the management of longevity risk.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264222748-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 35
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    OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Myanmar 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264206441
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (372 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD investment policy reviews
    DDC: 346.0920261
    Schlagwort(e): Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Myanmar ; Finance and Investment ; Myanmar ; Bericht ; Birma ; Direktinvestition
    Kurzfassung: This comprehensive review of Myanmar's policies regarding inward direct investment covers such issues as trends in investment in Myanmar, responsible business conduct, regulation and protection of investment, investment promotion and facilitation, tax policy, the financial sector in Myanmar, infrastructure in Myanmar, and sustainable investment in Myanmar's agriculture.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264206441-en
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  • 36
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    Italy: Key Issues and Policies (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264213951
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (208 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Italy
    Schlagwort(e): KMU ; Mittelstandspolitik ; Italien ; Industry and Services ; Italy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Italien ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Mittelstandspolitik
    Kurzfassung: This review underlines some important points of strength with respect to Italian SMEs and entrepreneurship, notably for medium-sized firms that very often excel in their market niches, have a strong propensity to business collaboration, as well as favourable access to finance. The review also looks at the challenges that lie ahead for Italy, hard hit by the global economic crisis, notably among micro and small firms. Recovery will mean, among other things, removing barriers to business growth, streamlining the complexity of the Italian tax system, and opening the business environment to competition, foreign direct investment and equity financing, as well as improving training and workforce skills.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264213951-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 37
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    International Regulatory Co-operation and International Organisations : The Cases of the OECD and the IMO (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264225756
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (136 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als International regulatory co-operation and international organisations
    Schlagwort(e): OECD ; International Maritime Organization ; Kooperation ; Regulierung ; Internationale Organisation ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: The world is witnessing the progressive emergence of an open, dynamic, globalised economy, and the intensification of global challenges such as systemic risks, environmental protection, human health or safety. Against this background, governments are increasingly seeking to ensure greater co-ordination on regulatory objectives, processes and enforcement and to eliminate unnecessary regulatory divergences and redundancies. International regulatory co-operation (IRC) represents a critical opportunity to foster sustainable and inclusive growth through lower barriers to international flows and better rules of the game for all. It is real but remains largely untapped. This publication presents findings and two case studies from an April 2014 meeting on the role of international organisations in IRC, as well as a contribution from K. W. Abbott, on International organisations and international regulatory co-operation: Exploring the links.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264225756-en
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  • 38
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    Shielding Aspects of Accelerators, Targets and Irradiation Facilities - SATIF-11 : Workshop Proceedings, Tsukuba, Japan, 11-13 September 2012 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264208544
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (202 p.)
    Serie: Nuclear Science
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy
    Kurzfassung: Particle accelerators have evolved over the last decades from simple devices to powerful machines and are having an increasingly important impact on research, technology and daily life. Today, they have a wide range of applications in many areas including material science and medical applications. In recent years, new technological and research applications have helped to define requirements while the number of accelerator facilities in operation, being commissioned, designed or planned has grown significantly. Their parameters, which include the beam energy, currents and intensities, and target composition, can vary widely, giving rise to new radiation shielding issues and challenges. Particle accelerators must be operated in safe ways to protect operators, the public and the environment. As the design and use of these facilities evolve, so must the analytical methods used in the safety analyses. These workshop proceedings review the state of the art in radiation shielding of accelerator facilities and irradiation targets. They also evaluate progress in the development of modelling methods used to assess the effectiveness of such shielding as part of safety analyses.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264208544-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 39
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Germany: Keeping the Edge : Competitiveness for Inclusive Growth (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264216006
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (40 p.)
    Serie: Better Policies
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Germany
    Kurzfassung: This book provides an overview of the key challenges currently faced in Germany and OECD's main policy recommendations to address them. Drawing on the OECD’s expertise in comparing country experiences and identifying best practices, the book tailors the OECD’s policy advice to the specific and timely priorities of Germany, focusing on how its government can make reform happen.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264216006-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 40
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Promoting Research Excellence : New Approaches to Funding (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264207462
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (216 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Promoting research excellence
    DDC: 370.78
    Schlagwort(e): Technologiepolitik ; Hochschulpolitik ; Forschungsfinanzierung ; Hochschulfinanzierung ; Universitäre Forschung ; Regionales Cluster ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology
    Kurzfassung: National research systems face an increasingly competitive environment for ideas, talent and funds, and governments have shifted funds from institutional core funding to project funding, often on a competitive basis, or reward success in raising third-party funds in performance-based funding schemes. It is in this context that “research excellence initiatives” (REIs) have emerged. This is an instrument designed to encourage outstanding research by providing large-scale, long-term funding to designated research units. They provide funds for research and research-related measures, such as the improvement or extension of physical infrastructure, the recruitment of outstanding researchers from abroad and researcher training. This report presents new evidence on how governments steer and fund public research in higher education and public research institutions through REIs. The report can help inform discussions on future government policy directions by providing information on how REIs work and on the functioning and characteristics of institutions that host centres of excellence. The findings show some of the benefits to be gained through REIs and note some pitfalls to be avoided.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264207462-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 41
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The Governance of Regulators (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264209015
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Serie: OECD Best Practice Principles for Regulatory Policy
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. La gouvernance des régulateurs
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als The governance of regulators
    DDC: 351
    Schlagwort(e): Regulierung ; Aufsichtsbehörde ; Governance-Ansatz ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: This publication provides guidance on the institutional arrangements for regulators.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264209015-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 42
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Chile's Supreme Audit Institution : Enhancing Strategic Agility and Public Trust (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264207561
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (352 p.)
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Chile's supreme audit institution
    Schlagwort(e): Chile ; Governance ; Chile
    Kurzfassung: This review focuses on advancing the performance-management vision of the Comptroller General of the Republic of Chile (Contraloría General de la Republica, CGR) with a view to enhance the relevance and positive impact of its work on accountability and decision making within the public administration. The review explores how the CGR’s audit assignments could be adjusted to enhance the institution’s impact on good public governance, and how it could further leverage knowledge gathered through existing and new audit assignments to deliver additional value to its diverse range of stakeholders.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264207561-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 43
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes Peer Reviews: Saudi Arabia 2014 : Phase 1: Legal and Regulatory Framework (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264191914
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (72 p.)
    Serie: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Saudi-Arabien ; Taxation ; Saudi Arabia
    Kurzfassung: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 100 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264191914-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 44
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Ageing and Employment Policies: France 2014 : Working Better with Age (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264207523
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi ; France 2014 ; Mieux travailler avec l'âge
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Ageing and employment policies
    Schlagwort(e): Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Frankreich ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; France ; Frankreich ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer ; Beschäftigungspolitik
    Kurzfassung: People today are living longer than ever before, while birth rates are dropping in the majority of OECD countries. In such demographics, public social expenditures require to be adequate and sustainable in the long term. Older workers play a crucial role in the labour market. Now that legal retirement ages are rising, older workers will work longer and employers will have to retain them. But those older workers who have lost their job have experienced long term-unemployment and low probabilities to return to work. What can countries do to help? How can they give older people better work incentives and opportunities? How can they promote age diversity in firms? This report offers analysis and assessment on what the best policies are for fostering employability, job mobility and labour demand at an older age in France.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264207523-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 45
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Regulatory Policy in Mexico : Towards a Whole-of-Government Perspective to Regulatory Improvement (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264203389
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Serie: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Regulatory policy in Mexico
    Schlagwort(e): Regulierung ; Mexiko ; Governance ; Mexico
    Kurzfassung: Mexico has made several efforts to design and implement a regulatory improvement policy over the past several years. The institutions involved in the better regulation policy have played a key role in enhancing regulatory quality. This includes the Federal Regulatory Improvement Commission (COFEMER), the Ministry of Economy, and the Ministry of Public Administration. Mexico now has two decades of experience in the application of Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA). Over this period, it has continued to expand the scope of RIA, to refine and improve the specific requirements and to invest substantial resources in implementation. Recently, Mexico has adopted the internationally recognised Standard Cost Model, which has brought a renewed impetus across the federal government to reduce administrative burdens generated by formalities. There is also a thriving multi-level regulatory governance programme. As a result, Mexico is currently at a stage where positive results are being obtained. However, this is not the time to slow down; instead, further work should be fostered to step up to a new phase of regulatory quality which embeds an effective and profound regulatory improvement culture across the federal government.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264203389-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 46
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes Peer Reviews: Colombia 2014 : Phase 1: Legal and Regulatory Framework (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264210301
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (88 p.)
    Serie: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Kolumbien ; Taxation ; Colombia
    Kurzfassung: This book contains the 2014 Phase 1 Global Forum Peer Review report for Colombia. The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by 120 jurisdictions, which participate in the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004. The standards have also been incorporated into the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. Fishing expeditions are not authorised but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 and Phase 2 – reviews. The Global Forum has also put in place a process for supplementary reports to follow-up on recommendations, as well as for the ongoing monitoring of jurisdictions following the conclusion of a review. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264210301-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 47
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    Online-Ressource
    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes Peer Reviews: Grenada 2014 : Phase 2: Implementation of the Standard in Practice (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264223035
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Serie: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews: Grenada 2014
    Schlagwort(e): Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Grenada ; Taxation ; Grenada
    Kurzfassung: This report contains the 2014 “Phase 2: Implementation of the Standards in Practice” Global Forum review of Grenada. The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 120 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264223035-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 48
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    OECD Foreign Bribery Report : An Analysis of the Crime of Bribery of Foreign Public Officials (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264226616
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (48 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Rapport de l'OCDE sur la corruption transnationale ; Une analyse de l'infraction de corruption d'agents publics étrangers
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Informe de la OCDE sobre Cohecho Internacional ; Análisis del delito de cohecho de servidores públicos extranjeros
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD Foreign Bribery Report
    Schlagwort(e): Korruption ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: This report endeavours to measure, and to describe, transnational corruption based on data from the 427 foreign bribery cases that have been concluded since the entry into force of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention in 1999.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264226616-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 49
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    OECD Rural Policy Reviews: Chile 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264222892
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Serie: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD rural policy reviews
    RVK:
    RW 50663
    Schlagwort(e): Entwicklungsplanung ; Ländliche Entwicklung ; Chile ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Chile
    Kurzfassung: This report looks at rural policy in Chile, examining the main trends in rural regions, policies and governance arrangements. It highlights the need to establish a national rural policy framework in Chile, in order to better coordinate the wide range of national policies and programmes currently targeting rural areas. It also investigates the evolving role of "rural" in development, highlighting the need to design rural policies in a strategic way so that complementarities with urban policy can be realised as the country develops.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264222892-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 50
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Connecting People with Jobs : Activation Policies in the United Kingdom (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264217188
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Serie: Connecting People with Jobs
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Connecting people with jobs
    Schlagwort(e): Aktivierende Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Großbritannien ; Employment ; United Kingdom
    Kurzfassung: This report examines recent activation policies in the United Kingdom aimed at moving people back into work. It offers insight into how countries can improve the effectiveness of their employment services and also control spending on benefits. The United Kingdom's policies have helped limit the rise in unemployment during the crisis. It has been at the forefront of reform efforts by OECD countries to transform and modernise policies designed to help the unemployed find work, through major new programmes such as Universal Credit and the Work Programme. Although time is needed for these to gain momentum as well as for a full evaluation of their impact to be carried out, the report identifies a number of areas where consideration should be given to additional measures or adjustments to existing ones.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264217188-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 51
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    Online-Ressource
    Antimicrobial Resistance : The Use of Antimicrobials in the Livestock Sector (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (44 p) , 21 x 29.7cm
    Ausgabe: Online-Ressource Online-Ausg; [Online-Ausg.]
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg.:
    Serie: OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers no.68
    Anmerkung: Online-Ausg.: , Online-Ausg; [Online-Ausg.]
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxvl3dwk3f0-en
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5jxvl3dwk3f0-en
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  • 52
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Fertiliser and Biofuel Policies in the Global Agricultural Supply Chain : Implications for Agricultural Markets and Farm Incomes (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (81 p) , 21 x 29.7cm
    Ausgabe: Online-Ressource Online-Ausg; [Online-Ausg.]
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg.:
    Serie: OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers no.69
    Anmerkung: Online-Ausg.: , Online-Ausg; [Online-Ausg.]
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxsr7tt3qf4-en
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5jxsr7tt3qf4-en
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 53
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes Peer Reviews: Niue 2014 (Supplementary Report) : Phase 1: Legal and Regulatory Framework (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264727489
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (36 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Serie: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Schlagwort(e): Taxation ; Niue
    Kurzfassung: This publication contains the Supplementary Phase 1 Peer Review Report for Niue.
    DOI: 10.1787/f604e31b-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 54
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    Online-Ressource
    Euro Area: Economic Challenges and Policy Recommendations (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264214279
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (36 p.)
    Serie: Better Policies
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Euro Area
    Kurzfassung: This book provides an overview of the key challenges currently faced in the Euro Area and OECD's main policy recommendations to address them. Drawing on the OECD’s expertise in comparing country experiences and identifying best practices, the book tailors the OECD’s policy advice to the specific and timely priorities of the Euro Area, focusing on how its government can make reform happen.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264214279-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 55
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Guidance Document on the Validation of (Quantitative) Structure-Activity Relationship [(Q)SAR] Models (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264085442
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (154 p.)
    Serie: OECD Series on Testing and Assessment no.69
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: To keep (Q)SAR applications on a solid scientific foundation, an international effort to articulate principles for (Q)SAR technology and to develop a guidance document for use of (Q)SAR in regulatory applications. This document presents those principles and helpful guides for validating (Q)SAR technology for a variety of applications.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264085442-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 56
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Water Based Washing Operations at Industrial and Institutional Laundries (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264220973
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (133 p.)
    Serie: Series on Emission Scenario Documents no.29
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: This OECD Emission Scenario Document (ESD) is intended to provide information on the sources, use patterns, and potential release pathways of chemicals to be used in water washing machines at industrial and institutional laundries. The document presents standard approaches for estimating the environmental releases of and occupational exposures to chemicals used in water washing machines in laundries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264220973-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 57
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Greening Household Behaviour and Energy (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (58 p.)
    Serie: OECD Environment Working Papers no.78
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: This report focuses on demand for renewable energy and energy efficiency. It presents the results of follow-up of econometric analysis of the 2011 OECD Survey on Environmental Policy and Individual Behaviour Change (EPIC). The report complements the overview of the survey data provided in the 2014 OECD publication “Greening Household Behaviour: Overview from the 2011 Survey”...
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrclm3qhr0-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 58
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    Income Inequality, Urban Size and Economic Growth in OECD Regions (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (34 p.)
    Serie: OECD Regional Development Working Papers no.2014/10
    Schlagwort(e): Einkommensverteilung ; Stadtwachstum ; Stadtgröße ; Regionales Wachstum ; OECD-Staaten ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: The purpose of this paper is to understand how income inequality is associated with economic growth in OECD regions and whether the degree and type of urban concentration affects this relationship. Both income inequality and urban concentration can be seen as patterns of resource allocation that are particularly interlinked at the regional level. We combine household survey data and macroeconomic databases, covering a period ranging from 2004 to 2012 for comparable regions in 15 OECD countries. Econometric results show that, at least for the short period under consideration, there is a general negative association between inequalities and economic growth, especially since the start of the economic crisis. This relationship is sensitive to the type of urban structure. Higher inequalities seem to be more detrimental for growth in large cities, while regions characterised by small cities and rural areas are less affected.
    Anmerkung: Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrcmg88l8r-en
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  • 59
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    Trends in Income Inequality and its Impact on Economic Growth (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (65 p.)
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.163
    Schlagwort(e): Einkommensverteilung ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: In most OECD countries, the gap between rich and poor is at its highest level since 30 years. Today, the richest 10 per cent of the population in the OECD area earn 9.5 times the income of the poorest 10 per cent; in the 1980s this ratio stood at 7:1 and has been rising continuously ever since. However, the rise in overall income inequality is not (only) about surging top income shares: often, incomes at the bottom grew much slower during the prosperous years and fell during downturns, putting relative (and in some countries, absolute) income poverty on the radar of policy concerns. This paper explores whether such developments may have an impact on economic performance. Drawing on harmonised data covering the OECD countries over the past 30 years, the econometric analysis suggests that income inequality has a negative and statistically significant impact on subsequent growth. In particular, what matters most is the gap between low income households and the rest of the population. In contrast, no evidence is found that those with high incomes pulling away from the rest of the population harms growth. The paper also evaluates the “human capital accumulation theory” finding evidence for human capital as a channel through which inequality may affect growth. Analysis based on micro data from the Adult Skills Survey (PIAAC) shows that increased income disparities depress skills development among individuals with poorer parental education background, both in terms of the quantity of education attained (e.g. years of schooling), and in terms of its quality (i.e. skill proficiency). Educational outcomes of individuals from richer backgrounds, however, are not affected by inequality. It follows that policies to reduce income inequalities should not only be pursued to improve social outcomes but also to sustain long-term growth. Redistribution policies via taxes and transfers are a key tool to ensure the benefits of growth are more broadly distributed and the results suggest they need not be expected to undermine growth. But it is also important to promote equality of opportunity in access to and quality of education. This implies a focus on families with children and youths – as this is when decisions about human capital accumulation are made -- promoting employment for disadvantaged groups through active labour market policies, childcare supports and in-work benefits.
    Anmerkung: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrjncwxv6j-en
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  • 60
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    Entrepreneurial Activities in Europe - Finance for Inclusive Entrepreneurship (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (36 p.)
    Serie: OECD Employment Policy Papers no.5
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: More than one-third of the European Union’s adult population would rather be self-employed than an employee if given the chance to choose, according to the 2012 Flash Eurobarometer survey. At the same time, there is a large entrepreneurial potential in social groups that are either disadvantaged in the labour market (e.g. youth, migrants, and the low-skilled) or underrepresented in the entrepreneurial population (e.g. women and seniors). Inclusive entrepreneurship policies aim to give the opportunity for people from these groups to start-up in business and self-employment both for economic reasons and to support the goal of social inclusion.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrcmkgkzzs-en
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  • 61
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    Does Homework Perpetuate Inequities in Education? (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Serie: PISA in Focus no.46
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Les devoirs entretiennent-ils les inégalités en matière d'éducation ?
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg.: Les devoirs entretiennent-ils les inégalités en matière d'éducation ?
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: While most 15-year-old students spend part of their after-school time doing homework, the amount of time they spend on it shrank between 2003 and 2012. Socio-economically advantaged students and students who attend socio-economically advantaged schools tend to spend more time doing homework. While the amount of homework assigned is associated with mathematics performance among students and schools, other factors are more important in determining the performance of school systems as a whole.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrhqhtx2xt-en
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  • 62
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    Greening Household Behaviour and Waste (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (42 p.)
    Serie: OECD Environment Working Papers no.76
    Schlagwort(e): Privater Haushalt ; Abfallvermeidung ; Kreislaufwirtschaft ; Umweltbewusstsein ; Ökonometrie ; Environment ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This report focusses on the determinants of household waste generation, the separation of recyclables and waste prevention behaviours. It presents the econometric results of follow-up analysis of the 2011 OECD Survey on Environmental Policy and Individual Behaviour Change (EPIC). This report complements the overview of the survey data provided in the publication « Greening Household Behaviour: Overview from the 2011 Survey - Revised edition » (2014)...
    Anmerkung: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: PDF Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrclmxnfr8-en
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  • 63
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    Workshop on integrating omics and policy for healthy ageing : synthesis report (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 12
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: The increase in the human life span is a testament to the economic, social and medical progress made over the course of the last century. However, an ageing population brings some new challenges both to healthcare systems and to medicine in terms of the increased manifestation of specific diseases primarily seen in the elderly. Biomedical innovation, and in particular research into “omics technologies”, offers the promise of new means of detection, prevention and treatment of age-related disabilities and diseases. But the development of these new technologies will not be without challenges, in particular with respect to the difficulty of translating technological advances into innovation in the clinical setting. This report provides a synthesis of a March 2013 workshop organised by the OECD and the Human Genome Organisation (HGO) which focused on latest advances in omics technologies for healthy ageing and the policies and practices needed to facilitate their responsible development and integration in medical research, innovation and health policy.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jzb0z52dc5c-en
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  • 64
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    Intelligent demand : policy rationale, design and potential benefits (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 57 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 13
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Policy interest in demand-side initiatives has grown in recent years. This may reflect an expectation that demand-side policy could be particularly effective in steering innovation to meet societal needs. In addition, owing to constrained public finances in most OECD countries, the possibility that demand-side policies might be less expensive than direct support measures is attractive. Interest may also reflect some degree of disappointment with the outcomes of traditional supply-side measures. This paper reviews demand-side innovation policies, their rationales and importance across countries, different approaches to their design, the challenges entailed in their implementation and evaluation, and good practices. Three main forms of demand-side policy are considered: innovation-oriented public procurement, innovation-oriented regulations, and standards. Emphasis is placed on innovation-oriented public procurement.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz8p4rk3944-en
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  • 65
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    Evaluation of industrial policy : methodological issues and policy lessons (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 86 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 16
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Industrial policy, broadly defined, covers a multitude of policy instruments and approaches. While there has been a recent revival of interest in industrial policy around the world, systematic evidence of efficacy is relatively scarce. This report brings together the work of an OECD expert group that has considered recent evidence from the evaluation of industrial policy. The report focuses on three specific policy areas, namely: support for R&D; capital market interventions (with a focus on risk capital); and public procurement for innovation. The report also examines three areas where packages of industrial policy measures are generally applied: sector approaches including public-private partnerships; policies towards clusters and business networks; and national industrial strategies. In many areas of industrial policy, evaluation faces particular methodological challenges. These challenges are outlined in the report, which concludes by drawing together the main policy lessons from the available evaluation evidence.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz181jh0j5k-en
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  • 66
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    Guidelines for Resilience Systems Analysis: Facilitation Guide (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Serie: Best Practices in Development Co-operation
    Schlagwort(e): Development
    Kurzfassung: The following guidelines provide detailed guidance on how to organize a Resilience System Analysis workshop. They support the OECD’s “Guidance for Resilience System Analysis”.
    DOI: 10.1787/a0714975-en
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  • 67
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    Guidelines for Resilience Systems Analysis: How to Analyse Risk and Build a Roadmap to Resilience (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (47 p.)
    Serie: Best Practices in Development Co-operation
    Schlagwort(e): Development
    Kurzfassung: Development practitioners are often ill equipped to analyse the potential of communities to cope with the complex, interconnected and evolving risks they face. As a result, development and humanitarian programmes only partially integrate those resilience aspects. These guidelines propose a step-by-step approach to resilience systems analysis, to help field practitioners prepare for, and facilitate, a successful multi-stakeholder resilience analysis workshop; design a roadmap to boost the resilience of communities and societies; and integrate the results of the analysis into their development and humanitarian programming.
    DOI: 10.1787/3b1d3efe-en
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  • 68
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    Shifting Responsibilities - 20 Years of Education Devolution in Sweden : A Governing Complex Education Systems Case Study (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (41 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Working Papers no.104
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Sweden
    Kurzfassung: This case study examines the consequences of important education decentralisation reforms that took place in Sweden in the early 1990s. The sudden shift away from a traditionally centralised education system towards a decentralised one meant that municipalities had to quickly accommodate new responsibilities. Difficulties related to this shift were noticed early on and then confirmed by international surveys, in particular PISA, which revealed that student performance was deteriorating while the gap increased between and top- and bottom-performers. Key elements to this include the fact that decentralisation took place without enough support from the central authorities, municipalities (particularly smaller ones) lacked local capacity to manage their new responsibilities, and as a result the reform has resulted in a mismatch between official responsibilities and the actual powers of the various stakeholders. The central government, steering education at arm’s length, has few tools to incentivise compliance with national goals. At the municipal level, financial resources are often allocated based on tradition and local politics rather than actual needs. This is in part due to misuse of available data and of expert knowledge by decision-makers. The case study also provides a series of recommendations for improvement.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz2jg1rqrd7-en
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  • 69
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    Building Supply Chain Resilience : A Review of Challenges and Strategies (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (25 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: International Transport Forum Discussion Papers no.2014/06
    Schlagwort(e): Transport
    Kurzfassung: For several decades, textbooks, articles and consultancy reports in supply chain management (SCM) have expounded the virtues of low inventory, just-in-time delivery, single-sourcing, centralization and tightly-coupled processes. Heeding their advice, many companies have effectively implemented this ‘lean’ approach and managed to achieve impressive cost savings and productivity gains. Over the same period, they have globalized their sourcing, production and distribution operations, creating complex webs of interdependency between factories, warehouses, freight terminals and shops around the world. This has enabled them to expand their market areas, off-shore their production to low labour cost countries and diversify their supply base, again all in keeping with what is generally considered to be good business practice.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jrw2z6nnxlq-en
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  • 70
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    GHG or not GHG : Accounting for diverse mitigation contributions in the post-2020 climate framework (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: OECD/IEA Climate Change Expert Group Papers no.2014/02
    Schlagwort(e): Energy ; Environment
    Kurzfassung: It is likely that a diverse range of nationally-determined mitigation contributions will be communicated by Parties under the 2015 climate change agreement. An effective post-2020 accounting framework to understand and track implementation of these mitigation contributions will therefore need to accommodate a range of contribution types and varying national capacities. With Parties now undertaking domestic preparations for developing intended mitigation contributions for the 2015 agreement, three key issues are: (i) what up-front information should be provided alongside intended mitigation contributions to facilitate understanding of the intended contributions and their expected impacts on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions levels; (ii) what accounting rules or guidance for post-2020 mitigation contributions (if any) would it be helpful to agree or develop before 2020, to facilitate understanding of intended contributions and their expected impacts on GHG emissions levels; and (iii) the timing of key decisions on accounting issues, taking into account the agreed timetable for communication of intended mitigation contributions. This paper explores these questions in greater detail and highlights issues that Parties may wish to consider when preparing and communicating their mitigation contributions. Providing Parties with some structure for the framing of intended mitigation contributions could help simplify domestic preparations for these intended contributions, in particular for those Parties with lower institutional capacity.
    DOI: 10.1787/5js1qf652kd3-en
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  • 71
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    Promoting Skills for Innovation in Higher Education : A Literature Review on the Effectiveness of Problem-based Learning and of Teaching Behaviours (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (63 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Working Papers no.100
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: Higher education plays an important role in providing people with skills for innovation, but a number of important questions remain as to what kind of higher education teaching can be conducive to the strengthening of skills for innovation. This report aims to shed light on this issue by reviewing the current evidence on the effectiveness of problem-based learning compared with more traditional approaches in higher education teaching. It explores the extent to which problem-based learning can be an effective way to develop different discipline-specific and transferable skills for innovation. Research, primarily from the field of medicine, shows that problem-based learning appears to be beneficial in fostering certain aspects of skills for innovation. In addition, the report explores the literature on direct teaching behaviours that may help foster student learning in more traditional teaching settings. Despite the promising evidence linking problem-based learning and effective teaching in higher education to certain aspects of skills for innovation, more work is needed in this area. There is strong potential for further research to provide additional important insights into the development of skills for innovation.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k3tsj67l226-en
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  • 72
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    Scaling up and replicating effective climate finance interventions (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (67 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: OECD/IEA Climate Change Expert Group Papers no.2014/01
    Schlagwort(e): Energy ; Environment
    Kurzfassung: There is widespread recognition that climate finance needs to be scaled up from its current levels. However, there is no clear view on how developed countries can efficiently and effectively mobilise further climate finance to meet the needs of developing countries. Developed countries have committed to mobilise USD 100 bn per year of climate finance for developing countries by 2020 from a variety of sources. These include both public and private finance, thus the private sector is likely to play a significant role in the mobilisation of climate finance to meet this commitment. This paper explores how scale-up and replication of effective climate finance interventions efficiently mobilise private climate finance. The interventions examined in the paper have already been, or are being, scaled up or replicated. Scaling-up and replication of such climate finance interventions could be an efficient way to increase the private sector’s interest in mobilisation of climate finance, and thus to make progress towards the USD 100 bn per year goal by 2020. The paper draws lessons from selected mitigation and available adaptation case studies at project- and programme-levels as well as from experience with international climate funds. The paper examines three key aspects needed to scale up and replicate climate finance. The first is the institutional structures and decision-making framework of the climate finance source, its aims, the scale at which it operates and how barriers to scaling-up and replication have been addressed. Second, the paper explores how demonstrating effective low-carbon, climate-resilient technologies and systems can facilitate scale-up and replication. Third, the paper discusses the influence of policies to enhance domestic enabling environments for scaling-up and replication.
    DOI: 10.1787/5js1qffvmnhk-en
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  • 73
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    The Competitiveness of Ports in Emerging Markets : The case of Durban, South Africa (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (114 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: International Transport Forum Policy Papers no.2
    Schlagwort(e): Transport ; South Africa
    Kurzfassung: This paper outlines the competitiveness of ports in Durban, south Africa. It looks at port performance, impact, and policies and governance issues.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jlwvzht4rmt-en
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  • 74
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    Kosovo assessment report 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (35 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: SIGMA Country Assessment Reports no.2014/08
    Schlagwort(e): Governance
    Kurzfassung: Each year SIGMA produces assessment reports as a contribution to the EC's annual reports on EU candidate countries and potential candidates, as well as to its programming of technical assistance. These reports assess progress made in public administration reform by our beneficiary countries. The report for Kosovo* analyses and takes stock of progress achieved by this country in 2014, with an aim to also provide inputs into its reform agenda. It focuses on legal framework and civil service management. *This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is line with UNSCR 1244 and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo Declaration of Independence.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jm0xw43398n-en
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  • 75
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    Target: Low-carbon Goods Transportation : A Growth-dynamics Perspective on Logistics and Goods Transportation until 2050 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (54 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: International Transport Forum Discussion Papers no.2014/14
    Schlagwort(e): Transport
    Kurzfassung: The transportation sector is responsible for about 23% of all CO2 emissions globally and 30% in OECD countries with road being the dominating sector for transport emissions (ITF, 2010). National emissions data are rarely disaggregated by freight vs. passenger transport, but an estimate is that goods transportation accounts for 30-40% of the total road sector emissions in most countries (ITF, 2010). In addition, the trend for CO2 emissions from the transportation of goods is on the rise, while the increase in emissions from passenger transport has levelled off and emissions from other sectors have decreased. Internationally, based on traditional projections, transportation of goods is expected to continue increasing in step with the GDP, thus doubling by 2050. This trend contrasts sharply with the climate targets set by the EU, which require dramatic reductions in emissions; by 2050, the EU should cut its emissions to 80% below 1990 levels through domestic reductions alone (EU, 2011). The expected effects of on-going or planned measures will not be sufficient to achieve the EU target. On the contrary, CO2 levels are expected to increase. This is the problem that is the focus of the analysis and discussion in this paper.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jrw2xzr9720-en
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  • 76
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    The Mediterranean Port Economy : The cases of Marseille and Mersin (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (25 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: International Transport Forum Discussion Papers no.2014/09
    Schlagwort(e): Transport ; France
    Kurzfassung: Ports are no longer perceived as main drivers of urban economic development. A variety of factors have been identified in the academic literature to contribute to urban economic growth, ranging from human capital, entrepreneurial culture, diversity and infrastructure to planning and governance. Port infrastructure is in many cases not even considered as a potential source of economic development. Whereas efficient ports have contributed to a substantial reduction in transportation costs, and thus stimulated external trade and related economic development, the general perception is that most of the gains of external trade have spread out to other regions than the port area or the port region (e.g. Gripaios and Gripaios, 1995). This is related to de-concentration of logistics activity and “port regionalisation” tendencies (Notteboom and Rodrigue, 2005). In contrast, negative impacts related to ports have unevenly affected port-cities, including socio-economic impacts related to a unskilled workforce needed to sustain a port-industrial complexes that have ceased to be labour-intensive. Economic benefits of ports were less ambiguous in the past, when port-cities dominated trade-oriented emerging capitalist economies, as eloquently described in Braudel (1979).
    DOI: 10.1787/5jrw2z40j6zr-en
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  • 77
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    TPICS TIGER and US Experience : A Focus on Case-based Ex-post Economic Impact Assessment (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: International Transport Forum Discussion Papers no.2014/11
    Schlagwort(e): Transport
    Kurzfassung: This paper presents the results of research recently conducted by the authors on ex-post analysis focused on the long-term economic impacts of transportation system investments in the United States (US). For a variety of reasons, the US has had a tradition of making transport investments to address economic development goals and applying ex-post analysis to assess achievement of economic development impacts. These past studies are reviewed, as are some of the deficiencies and suggested improvements in methods for ex-post analysis. The paper also reviews methods to refine ex-post analysis of economic development in the US via the Transportation Impact Project Case Studies (TPICS) system developed as a national database of land and economic development impact studies. The paper concludes with a series of recommendations for broader distribution and support for the tools and methods developed in TPICS, and an assessment of the challenges facing wider adoption and application of the ex-post analysis in the US context. Specific adoption and implementation issues and opportunities are addressed in the context of the US Department of Transportation’s TIGER (Transportation Investment Generating Economic Recovery) discretionary grant program.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jrw2z2fqgf1-en
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  • 78
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    What Are Tertiary Students Choosing to Study? (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: Education Indicators in Focus no.19
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Que choisissent d'étudier les nouveaux inscrits de l'enseignement tertiaire ?
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: The social sciences are the most popular field for non-vocational tertiary education programmes. One in three new students choose a programme in social sciences, business and law. Gender equality has been virtually achieved in many fields of study, especially in social sciences and services but significant gender differences persist in computing and engineering (maledominated) and in health and welfare and education (female-dominated). Almost one in four international students in OECD countries follow programmes in the field of business and administration (23%). The proportion of international students from fields oriented to the public function such as education (3%) or health and welfare (9%) is lower on average.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz8ssmzg5q4-en
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  • 79
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    Online-Ressource
    Evaluating Measurement Invariance of TALIS 2013 Complex Scales : Comparison between Continuous and Categorical Multiple-Group Confirmatory Factor Analyses (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Working Papers no.103
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: This paper evaluates measurement invariance of complex scales from a social survey using both a continuous approach and a categorical approach to help inform future decisions in choosing the most appropriate methods to perform the validation of complex scales. In particular, continuous and categorical approaches are compared for constructing and validating 11 complex scales across 23 countries participating in the first round of the OECD Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS). Two invariance testing approaches were compared – 1) continuous multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis; 2) categorical multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis. Latent variable modelling was employed to account for the complex structure of the relationships between many items in each scale. The performance of the models is reported and illustrated based on the evaluation of the level of measurement invariance. All of the scales established configural and metric levels of invariance from both approaches, and three scales established scalar invariance from the categorical approach, allowing for a meaningful mean score comparison across countries. Limitations of the models compared in this study and future considerations for construction and validation of scaling complex scales are discussed.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz2kbbvlb7k-en
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  • 80
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Do Students Have the Drive to Succeed? (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: PISA in Focus no.37
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Réussite : les élèves sont-ils motivés ?
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: When students believe that investing effort in learning will make a difference, they score significantly higher in mathematics. The fact that large proportions of students in most countries consistently believe that student achievement is mainly a product of hard work, rather than inherited intelligence, suggests that education and its social context can make a difference in instilling values that foster success in education. Teachers’ use of cognitive-activation strategies, such as giving students problems that require them to think for an extended time, presenting problems for which there is no immediately obvious way of arriving at a solution, and helping students to learn from their mistakes, is associated with students’ drive. Students whose teachers set clear goals for learning and offer feedback on their performance in mathematics also tend to report higher levels of perseverance and openness to problem solving.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz777gcd0vj-en
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  • 81
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Do 15-year-olds Know How to Manage Money? (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: PISA in Focus no.41
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Gestion de l'argent : Que savent les élèves de 15 ans ?
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: On average across the 13 OECD countries and economies that participated in the PISA financial literacy assessment, 10% of students can analyse complex financial products and solve non-routine financial problems, while 15% can, at best, make simple decisions about everyday spending, and recognise the purpose of everyday financial documents, such as an invoice. In 17 out of the 18 participating countries and economies, boys and girls show similar skills in financial literacy. However, among students with comparable performance in mathematics and reading, boys perform better than girls in financial literacy in 11 out of 18 countries and economies.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz159737gd7-en
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  • 82
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    2014 EU Directives : Concessions (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (13 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: SIGMA Public Procurement Briefs no.31
    Schlagwort(e): Governance
    Kurzfassung: This Public Procurement Brief presents the new EU public procurement Directive (2014/23/EU) on award of concession contracts. The Directive is part of a recently adopted EU legislative package reforming the EU public procurement rules. The Brief provides an overview of the new EU legal framework for awarding concessions: general principles, scope, definitions, exclusions, transparency obligations, selection of candidates and award criteria, performance and concessions, procedural guarantees and judicial protection. The Brief is just a short introduction – it is not intended to provide an exhaustive analysis of all of the provisions of the Directive.
    DOI: 10.1787/5js4vmnhxxq3-en
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  • 83
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Greening the Property Tax (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (22 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: OECD Working Papers on Fiscal Federalism no.17
    Schlagwort(e): Taxation
    Kurzfassung: This paper reviews the literature and policy discussions about the role of the property tax for land use. Various externalities of the development of land, such as new infrastructure needs, the loss of open space or air pollution due to longer commutes as people locate far from city centres, are not internalised fully by property taxes or other policy instruments and this is often thought to contribute to excessive land use and urban sprawl. The impact of property taxes on land use intensity and sprawl is ambiguous in theory, however, and it depends on tax design, as well as land use regulation policies and other taxes that can influence municipalities’ incentives to convert land for development. Yet, there is some evidence suggesting that higher property taxes can limit urban sprawl, in particular when the tax on land is higher than on structures, although effects are small given relatively given a limited price elasticity of land use. Various property tax design options are discussed that may help to better internalise land use related externalities.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz5pzw9mwzn-en
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  • 84
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Planting the Foundations of a Post-2020 Land Sector Reporting and Accounting Framework (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: OECD/IEA Climate Change Expert Group Papers no.2014/06
    Schlagwort(e): Energy ; Environment
    Kurzfassung: Land management faces a series of daunting challenges in the 21st century. These include contributing to the global mitigation effort and adaptation needed to prevent dangerous climate change, while providing enough food for a population of 9 billion by 2050 as well as shelter and livelihoods for rural populations and various ecosystem services. The existing mitigation reporting and accounting arrangements for the land sector are complex, not applicable to all Parties, and provide limited scope for pursuing more costeffective accounting approaches that would enable developing countries to address conflicting policy objectives such as addressing climate change while increasing agricultural output. This paper has two aims. The first is to lay out possible elements of a long-term vision for the post-2020 reporting and accounting framework for emissions and removals from the land sector, building on existing experience with reporting and accounting as well as previous studies. The second is to identify possible steps that could be taken at COP 20 in 2014, COP 21 in 2015, and in 2016-2020 to put Parties on a pathway towards realising this vision.
    DOI: 10.1787/5js1qf2p7pzw-en
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  • 85
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Are Grouping and Selecting Students for Different Schools Related to Students' Motivation to Learn? (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: PISA in Focus no.39
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Existe-t-il un lien entre le regroupement et la sélection des élèves et leur motivation à l'égard de l'apprentissage ?
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: On average across OECD countries, students who are highly motivated to learn mathematics because they believe it will help them later on score better in mathematics – by the equivalent of half a year of schooling – than students who are not highly motivated. Students’ motivation to learn mathematics is lower in education systems that sort and group students into different schools and/or programmes.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz5hlpb6nxw-en
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  • 86
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Renegotiations in Public-Private Partnerships: Theory and Evidence (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (27 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: International Transport Forum Discussion Papers no.2014/17
    Schlagwort(e): Transport
    Kurzfassung: Public-private partnerships (PPPs) have the potential to increase efficiency and improve resource allocation. However, contract renegotiations are common and make us question the benefits to PPPs. Under current accounting standards, PPPs allow intertemporal reallocations of infrastructure spending that do not occur under traditional methods of procuring infrastructure and which allow governments to escape the constraints of congressional purview. We review the theoretical results in Engel et al. [2009a] as well as data from Colombia, Chile and Peru, comprising 610 highway PPPs and 540 renegotiations processes to verify these predictions. The data and original analysis comes from Bitran et al. [2013], complemented with additional descriptive statistics. The empirical evidence supports the predictions of the theoretical model.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jrw2xxwdlr8-en
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  • 87
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Trust: What it is and Why it Matters for Governance and Education (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (66 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Working Papers no.108
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: Trust is indispensable for social and economic relations; it is the glue that holds organisations together and appears to work somehow mysteriously. Overall, trust is a ubiquitous ingredient in policymaking and implementation across many governance systems including education, whether it concerns accountability mechanisms, capacity building or strategic thinking. Yet our understanding, conceptualisation and measurement of these issues remain limited. This working paper asks the question: what is trust and how does it matter for governance, especially in education systems? It explores why trust is key for policymaking and where it fits within current governance issues. The paper examines different definitions of trust, presents various ways of measuring trust and discusses some of their benefits and limitations. It proposes a definition of trust made up of three parts: trust as an expectation, a willingness to be vulnerable and a risk-taking act. The paper then presents a simple model of trust and governance and reviews the relationship between trust and different elements in education systems, such as complexity, asymmetries in information and power, collaboration/cooperation, monitoring and accountability, and professionalisation. It concludes with some policy findings and identifies several research gaps.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxswcg0t6wl-en
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  • 88
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Contemporary Airport Demand Forecasting : Choice Models and Air Transport Forecasting (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (37 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: International Transport Forum Discussion Papers no.2014/07
    Schlagwort(e): Transport
    Kurzfassung: This paper describes the econometric system approach developed by MKmetric to perform short and long-term air transport demand forecasts while considering various determinants such as socio-economy, policy, infrastructure and land use. The necessities for modelling air transport evoking from a transport system point of view and the changes of the aviation world occurred during the last decade are investigated. Based on these findings the mathematical framework is outlined considering shortfalls of traditional models used in aviation forecasting and restrictions caused by classical functional forms. The increasing gap of information for modelling is described and alternative data sources used for the development of the system approach are listed. As all models are imperfect describing just a part of real life, it sheds a light on the necessity to validate models and the prerequisite of complexity needed to cope with multi-sector scenario simulations for strategic, tactical and operational developments as well as political decisions. Finally some analysis examples demonstrate the power of the approach used focusing on the choice modelling reflecting consumers’ behaviour.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jrw2z4f7d35-en
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  • 89
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Fostering and Measuring Skills : Improving Cognitive and Non-cognitive Skills to Promote Lifetime Success (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (86 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Working Papers no.110
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: IQ tests and achievement tests do not capture non-cognitive skills — personality traits, goals, character and motivations that are valued in the labour market, in school and elsewhere. For many outcomes, their predictive power rivals or exceeds that of cognitive skills. Skills are stable across situations with different incentives. Skills are not immutable over the life cycle. While they have a genetic basis they are also shaped by environments, including families, schools and peers. Skill development is a dynamic process. The early years are important in shaping all skills and in laying the foundations for successful investment and intervention in the later years. During the early years, both cognitive and non-cognitive skills are highly malleable. During the adolescent years, non-cognitive skills are more malleable than cognitive skills. The differential plasticity of different skills by age has important implications for the design of effective policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxsr7vr78f7-en
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  • 90
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Montenegro priorities report 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (21 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: SIGMA Country Assessment Reports no.2014/05
    Schlagwort(e): Governance
    Kurzfassung: As a continuation of the 2014 SIGMA assessments and as part of a longer-term programme of work, SIGMA has identified country priorities for public administration reform (PAR) for Montenegro. Priorities cover the overall PAR needs of the country, including areas which were not covered by the 2014 SIGMA assessments. Priorities in areas outside the scope of SIGMA assessments are based on other analytical sources and SIGMA’s practical experience of working with the country. SIGMA proposes priority 2020 targets for the countries, sub-targets when needed, and sequenced priority activities in 1-2, 3-5 and 5+ year time perspectives.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jm0xw1nfr28-en
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  • 91
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    International Freight and Related CO2 Emissions by 2050: A New Modelling Tool (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (28 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: International Transport Forum Discussion Papers no.2014/21
    Schlagwort(e): Transport
    Kurzfassung: International trade has grown rapidly in the post-war era with trade volume growing twenty-seven fold between 1950 and 2007, three times faster than world GDP growth (WTO, 2007). Growth in trade is expected to outpace the GDP growth also over the next 50 years, according to recent OECD projections. The value of international trade is estimated to grow by a factor of four by 2050 in real terms (Fontagné et al., 2014). Trade patterns will however change due to fragmentation of production processes and integration of emerging markets into global markets. Trade liberalisation, either at global or regional level, will also have an impact on global patterns.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jrw1kslrm9t-en
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  • 92
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Foreword (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 3-4 | volume:24 | year:2014 | number:3 | pages:3-4
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 3-4
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:24
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:3-4
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: The Higher Education Management and Policy journal was first published in 1977 under the title International Journal of Institutional Management in Higher Education, then Higher Education Management from 1989 to 2001.
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-24-5jz8tqsg4qnx
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  • 93
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Managing the oversight of international branch campuses in higher education (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Higher Education Management and Policy Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 161-176 | volume:24 | year:2014 | number:3 | pages:161-176
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Titel der Quelle: Higher Education Management and Policy
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 161-176
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:24
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:161-176
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: Over the past two decades, many colleges and universities established physical presences in foreign countries. The development of such foreign educational outposts has meant that institutions have had to learn how to manage across geopolitical borders. This study used interviews with senior officials at institutions operating one or more international branch campuses to identify the three primary areas of oversight of concern to multinational universities: faculty, curriculum and finances. In each of these areas, the authors identify differing managerial strategies used by institutions and explore how these strategies relate to whether the branch is viewed as an integrated or separated component of the institution’s governance structure.
    DOI: 10.1787/hemp-24-5jz8tqscxk25
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  • 94
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Budgeting for fiscal space and government performance beyond the great recession (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 13, no. 2, p. 9-47 | volume:13 | year:2014 | number:2 | pages:9-47
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 13, no. 2, p. 9-47
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:13
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:9-47
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: In the course of the prolonged economic crisis that started in 2008, fiscal space has become a scarce commodity in OECD countries. This has not only broadened the appeal of a concept originally raised by emerging countries in the early 2000s, but has also extended its meaning to recognise its intertemporal nature and to highlight its endogenous features. Current projections indicate that fiscal consolidation needs and the effect of demographic change on social security may shrink non-pension fiscal space in OECD countries by some 18% between 2011 and 2030, exceeding current consolidation plans in many countries. The response to these needs should take place increasingly through budgets rather than ad hoc consolidation packages. To this end, the quest for fiscal space needs to be mainstreamed into budgeting by developing appropriate tools and procedures; the effort needs to extend beyond the annual budget process both in timeframe and scope; and many actors need to contribute to this effort in addition to ministries of finance and budget offices. In other words, generating fiscal space at the required scale needs not only a substantial revamping of budget practices, but also revisiting the temporal and institutional framework within which budgeting takes place. JEL classification: H50, H61, H83 Keywords: Budget practices, budget framework, economic crisis, fiscal space, fiscal consolidation, incrementalist, performance, recession
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-13-5jz2jw9t0pd3
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  • 95
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Uranium mining and production : A legal perspective on regulating an important resource (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2013, no. 2, p. 9-27 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:2 | pages:9-27
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.) , 20 x 27cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Extraction et production d'uranium : le point de vue d'une juriste sur la réglementation d'une ressource importante
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 2, p. 9-27
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:9-27
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy
    Kurzfassung: The importance of uranium can be examined from several perspectives. First, natural uranium is a strategic energy resource because it is a key ingredient for the generation of nuclear power and, therefore, it can affect the energy security of a state. Second, natural uranium is also a raw material in relative abundance throughout the world, which can, through certain steps, be transformed into nuclear explosive devices. Thus, there is both an interest in the trade of uranium resources and a need for their regulatory control. The importance of uranium to the worldwide civilian nuclear industry means that its extraction and processing – the so-called “front end” of the nuclear fuel cycle – is of regulatory interest. Like “ordinary” metal mining, which is generally regulated within a country, uranium mining must also be considered from the more particular perspective of regulation and control, as part of the international nuclear law regime that is applied to the entire nuclear fuel cycle.
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2013-5jz742tm15f1
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  • 96
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    Policy incentives for private innovation and maximising the returns (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal: Economic Studies Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 121-163 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:1 | pages:121-163
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (43 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Economic Studies
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 1, p. 121-163
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:121-163
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This paper uses panel regression techniques to assess the policy determinants of private-sector innovative activity – proxied by R&D expenditure and the number of new patents – across 19 OECD countries. The relationship between innovation indicators and multifactor productivity (MFP) growth is also examined with a particular focus on the role of public policies in influencing the returns to new knowledge. The results establish an empirical link between R&D and patenting, as well as between these measures of innovation intensity and MFP growth. Innovation-specific policies such as R&D tax incentives, direct government support and patent rights are found to be successful in encouraging the innovative activities associated with higher productivity growth. However, direct empirical evidence of the positive effects of these policies on productivity is less forthcoming. A pervasive theme from the analysis is the importance of coupling policies aimed at encouraging innovation or technological adoption with well-designed framework policies that allow knowledge spillovers to proliferate. In particular, the settings of framework policies relating to product market regulation, openness to trade and debtor protection in bankruptcy provisions are found to be important for the diffusion of new technologies. JEL classification: L20, O30, O40 Keywords: Intangible assets, innovation, productivity growth, public policy
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-2013-5k3trmjlhxzq
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  • 97
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    Online-Ressource
    Russian cyclical indicators and their usefulness in real time. (Report) : An experience of the 2008-09 recession (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis Vol. 2014, no. 1, p. 1-26 | volume:2014 | year:2014 | number:1 | pages:1-26
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (26 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Journal of Business Cycle Measurement and Analysis
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2014, no. 1, p. 1-26
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:1-26
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This report investigates the predictability of cyclical turning points in Russia. For years, anyone interested in Russia had access to a full set of common tools for business cycle analysis, such as several composite leading indicators, a purchasing managers’ index, enterprise and consumer sentiment indexes, and so on. However, the 2008-09 world financial crisis spread throughout Russia quite unexpectedly for most politicians, businessmen and experts alike. Is it possible that none of existing indexes were able to say anything about the approaching decline? Using a simple “rule of thumb” proposed in this report one may easily see that that in reality this was not the case. So then why did a more or less definite forecast provided by some indexes have no consequences for common economic sentiments in Russia? This report gives some answers to this question. Keywords: recession; growth cycles; cyclical indicators; leading indicators; turning points; Russia JEL classification: E32
    DOI: 10.1787/jbcma-2014-5jxx568wcfhd
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 98
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    SMEs and the credit crunch : Current financing difficulties, policy measures and a review of literature (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends Vol. 2013, no. 2, p. 115-148 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:2 | pages:115-148
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (34 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 2, p. 115-148
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:115-148
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment
    Kurzfassung: After a brief overview of current financing difficulties for SMEs and policy measures to support SME lending during the crisis,this article presents a literature review related to difficulties in SME’s access to finance during the crisis, against a background of a sharp decline in bank profitability and an erosion of bank capital that negatively affected lending. The articles reviewed are classified according to four main issues of interest:the impairment of the bank-credit channel and its economic effects;factors potentially attenuating the effect of a financial squeeze;the role of global banking in mitigating but also transmitting financial shocks; and,looking ahead,issues related to so-called “credit-less recoveries” that should be relevant in guiding policy makers in the current environment of financial deleveraging. All the results hold important implications for policy making given the bail-outs and the large injections ofliquidity by central banks during the crisis.
    DOI: 10.1787/fmt-2013-5jz734p6b8jg
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 99
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Non-bank debt financing for SMEs : The role of securitisation, private placements and bonds (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends Vol. 2014, no. 1, p. 139-162 | volume:2014 | year:2014 | number:1 | pages:139-162
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2014, no. 1, p. 139-162
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:139-162
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment
    Kurzfassung: Reducing bank dependence in financing small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that are key contributors to economic growth and job creation should help making them more resilient to financial shocks. Various non-bank debt financing alternatives are available and were the focus of a Roundtable discussion that this article draws on. Revitalising securitisation, tarnished during the crisis, is important, by making it safer, simpler and more transparent, and perhaps also by offering some (initial) government and regulatory support. Similarly, covered bonds can be attractive instruments for SME finance. For mid-sized companies, bond issuance and private placements may also provide useful alternatives. All these instruments can and should be tailored to fit the investors’ needs. There is no “silver bullet” for SME finance which is exceptionally complex due to the diversity of SMEs themselves. Data transparency, standardisation, regulatory support and raising awareness about available financing options should be among the issues to be addressed. JEL classification: G1, G2, G23, G28 Keywords: SME finance, non-bank finance, (high-quality) securitisation, asset-backed securities (ABS), SME CLO (collateralised loan obligation), (covered) bonds, private placements, European DataWarehouse, Prime Collateralised Securities (PCS) initiative.
    DOI: 10.1787/fmt-2014-5jxx05svvw34
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 100
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Macro-prudential policy, bank systemic risk and capital controls (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends Vol. 2013, no. 2, p. 7-28 | volume:2013 | year:2013 | number:2 | pages:7-28
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (22 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2013, no. 2, p. 7-28
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2013
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:7-28
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment
    Kurzfassung: The paper explores the issue of macro-prudential policies in the light of empirical evidence on the determinants of bank systemic risk, and the effectiveness of capital controls. In many ways this reflects a step back in time towards sector approaches to monetary policy that were so prevalent in the 1960s, 1970s and early 1980s. Complexity and interdependence is such that proposals on these issues should be treated with care until much more is understood about the issue. JEL Classification: C23, C25, F21, F43, G01. Keywords: Macro-prudential policies, capital controls, economic growth, emerging economies, financial crisis.
    DOI: 10.1787/fmt-2013-5jzb2rhkhks4
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
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