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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (63)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (63)
  • (Produktform)Electronic book text
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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (63)
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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Taming wildfires in the context of climate change: The case of the United States (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Environment Policy Papers no.40
    Schlagwort(e): Feuer ; Klimawandel ; Brandschutz ; USA ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Environment ; Governance ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The frequency and severity of extreme wildfires are on the rise in the United States, causing unprecedented disruption and increasingly challenging the country’s capacity to contain losses and damages. These challenges are set to keep growing in the context of climate change, highlighting the need to scale up wildfire prevention and climate change adaptation. This paper provides an overview of the United States’ wildfire policies and practices and assesses the extent to which wildfire management in the country is evolving to adapt to growing wildfire risk under climate change.
    DOI: 10.1787/ef69cc94-en
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: United States 2023 (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264273498 , 9789264665484 , 9789264580060
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (169 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Umweltpolitik ; Umweltschutz ; USA ; Energy ; Environment ; Governance ; Development ; United States ; Amtliche Publikation
    Kurzfassung: The United States, the world’s largest economy, has made progress in reducing several environmental pressures while maintaining one of the highest Gross Domestic Products per capita in the world. It has decoupled emissions of greenhouse gases, air pollutants, water abstractions and domestic material consumption from economic and population growth. However, high consumption levels, intensive agricultural practices, climate change and urban sprawl continue to put pressure on the natural environment. Despite the recent acceleration of action to address climate change, further efforts are needed to achieve the goal of net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. The United States is also among the major contributors to marine litter with serious consequences for communities and the environment. The review provides 30 recommendations to help the United States improve its environmental performance, with a special focus on marine litter and a cross-cutting focus on environmental justice. This is the third Environmental Performance Review of the United States. It provides an independent, evidence-based evaluation of the country’s environmental performance over the past decade.
    DOI: 10.1787/47675117-en
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Bricks, Taxes and Spending : Solutions for Housing Equity across Levels of Government (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264464940 , 9789264449527 , 9789264980433
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Fiscal Federalism Studies
    Schlagwort(e): Wohneigentum ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; Grundsteuer ; Einkommensverteilung ; Südkorea ; Norwegen ; USA ; Belgien ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Taxation ; Governance ; Belgium ; Korea, Republic of ; Norway ; United States
    Kurzfassung: This report addresses housing inequities through a series of analytical chapters and case studies. The cross-country chapters examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on housing demand, develop a proposal for a green land value tax, evaluate the dynamics between fiscal autonomy and housing supply responsiveness, as well as explore the drivers of inter-regional migration. The case studies unravel the changes of Korea's progressive national property tax and a programme to address regional imbalances, assess the impact of the US property tax system on housing, dive into Norway's property taxation in relation to inequality, as well as survey Belgium's approaches to housing policy. With a blend of empirical data and critical analysis, the report underscores the pressing need for comprehensive strategies in addressing housing inequities. It also offers insights for policymakers and scholars, highlighting the complex balance between national and local housing policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/7a22f9a6-en
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Building a Skilled Cyber Security Workforce in Five Countries : Insights from Australia, Canada, New Zealand, United Kingdom, and United States (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264338395 , 9789264475915 , 9789264854055
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (127 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Skills Studies
    Schlagwort(e): IT-Sicherheit ; IT-Berufe ; Bildungspolitik ; Technologiepolitik ; Australien ; Kanada ; Neuseeland ; Großbritannien ; USA ; Employment ; Science and Technology ; Australia ; Canada ; New Zealand ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: As societies become increasingly digital, cyber security has become a priority for individuals, companies and nations. The number of cyber attacks is exceeding defence capabilities, and one reason for this is the lack of an adequately skilled cyber security workforce. This report analyses the demand for cyber security professionals in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States using information contained in online job postings. The analysis looks at recent trends in the demand for workers in different types of cyber security roles, the geographical distribution of cyber security job postings, and the changing skill requirements for professionals in this field. The report also looks at the supply side, zooming in on the landscape of cyber security education and training programmes in England (United Kingdom). It describes the different types of programmes provided in further and higher education, the profile of learners in these programmes and their outcomes. Finally, the report also looks at policies and initiatives adopted in England to make cyber security education and training programmes more accessible and relevant. This report is part of a larger initiative examining the evolution of policies and experiences in the cyber security profession around the world.
    DOI: 10.1787/5fd44e6c-en
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Benefit Reforms for Inclusive Societies in the United States : Income Security During Joblessness (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264622173 , 9789264626126 , 9789264859616
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (111 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Arbeitslosigkeit ; Öffentliche Sozialleistungen ; Arbeitslosenversicherung ; USA ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Protecting people, rather than specific jobs, plays a key role in promoting labour-market inclusiveness and dynamism. Effective unemployment benefits reduce inequality, and facilitate a good match between workers’ skills and job requirements. They are a crucial policy lever for adapting to the major societal, technological and environmental transitions of our time. This report on the United States is the second of a number of OECD country reviews of income support policies. Each report analyses key policy challenges, discusses recent reform initiatives, and identifies good practices from other OECD countries. The report examines the reach and generosity of unemployment insurance and other income support for working age households, with a special focus on disadvantaged labour market groups. What are key gaps in benefit receipt between wage- and salaried employees and non-standard workers (part-time workers, those on temporary contracts, and self-employed workers including own-account workers)? What factors, including race/ethnicity and gender, drive non-entitlement to unemployment compensation? The report examines these questions, considers the impact of recent extensions to the unemployment insurance programme in response to the COVID pandemic, and outlines policy directions for strengthening out-of-work support.
    DOI: 10.1787/32d8f005-en
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  • 6
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    Online-Ressource
    Improving Early Equity : From Evidence to Action (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264736535 , 9789264982369 , 9789264440340
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Jugendpolitik ; Chancengleichheit ; Kinderbetreuung ; Grundschule ; England ; Estland ; USA ; OECD-Staaten ; Education
    Kurzfassung: Early equity for disadvantaged children can be achieved through nurturing, high quality early learning environments. However, without deliberate action, disadvantaged children face a 12 month development gap compared to their more advantaged peers in key early learning areas such as emergent literacy. Data based on direct assessments from 7,000 children in England, Estonia and the United States show what it takes to achieve a level playing field for disadvantaged children. These actions include supporting parents to regularly read with their children, having back-and-forth conversations and providing access to developmentally appropriate books. Links between parents and their early childhood education and care (ECEC) centre are also positively linked to children’s early development, as well as the provision and quality of ECEC. The latter includes a holistic approach to ensure children’s social-emotional skills are fostered, such as curiosity and co-operation, and ensuring children have a level of autonomy over their activities.
    DOI: 10.1787/6eff314c-en
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    OECD Development Co‑operation Peer Reviews: United States 2022 (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264922600 , 9789264967731 , 9789264463127
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (68 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Examens de l'OCDE sur la coopération pour le développement : États-Unis 2022
    Schlagwort(e): Entwicklungshilfe ; USA ; Development ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The OECD’s Development Assistance Committee (DAC) conducts peer reviews of individual members once every five to six years. Reviews seek to improve the quality and effectiveness of members’ development co-operation, highlighting good practices and recommending improvements. The United States has led with substantial ODA contributions in response to multiple crises. Twenty-one US government agencies programme and deliver foreign assistance. USAID systematically incorporates collaboration, learning and adapting in its programme cycle and works to increase diversity, equity and inclusion by championing locally-led approaches. This peer review provides a set of recommendations for the United States to mitigate negative transboundary effects of its policies, promote more flexible budget appropriations in line with needs, equip its development finance institution to deliver and adopt a clearer approach to multilateral partnerships. It recommends that the United States puts development effectiveness at the heart of localisation, reinforce human resources, and consider conflict prevention in all country programmes.
    DOI: 10.1787/6da3a74e-en
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  • 8
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    Online-Ressource
    Storage of Radioactive Waste and Spent Fuel (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264377721
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (64 p.)
    Serie: Radioactive Waste Management
    Schlagwort(e): Nukleare Entsorgung ; USA ; Nuclear Energy
    Kurzfassung: Safety remains the most important factor in managing radioactive waste and spent fuel resulting from the generation of nuclear energy. General consensus has emerged worldwide that deep geological repositories are the safest option for long-lived radioactive waste, and that constructing repositories is feasible using current technologies. However, until repositories become available, radioactive waste must be managed safely and securely so that the risks posed to human health and to the environment over the long timescales involved are minimised. This report examines the predisposal phase of radioactive waste management programmes in NEA member countries for all types of waste from high-level to intermediate- and low-level waste, and spent fuel. It reviews regulations, policies, strategies and financial issues in member countries, as well as best practices both in terms of storage and transport. The report is primarily directed at decision makers with a technical knowledge of the subject.
    DOI: 10.1787/bb8b3f8f-en
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Building Agricultural Resilience to Natural Hazard-induced Disasters : Insights from Country Case Studies (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264911260 , 9789264348738 , 9789264752788
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (174 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Katastrophenschutz ; Katastrophe ; Landwirtschaft ; Coping-Strategie ; Chile ; Italien ; Japan ; Namibia ; Neuseeland ; Türkei ; USA ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Chile ; Italy ; Japan ; Namibia ; New Zealand ; Turkey ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Natural hazard-induced disasters (NHID), such as floods, droughts, severe storms, and animal pests and diseases have significant, widespread and long-lasting impacts on agricultural sectors around the world. With climate change set to amplify many of these impacts, a “business-as-usual” approach to disaster risk management in agriculture cannot continue if we are to meet the challenges of agricultural productivity and sustainability growth, and sustainable development. Drawing from seven case studies – Chile, Italy, Japan, Namibia, New Zealand, Turkey and the United States – this joint OECD-FAO report argues for a new approach to building resilience to NHID in agriculture. It explores the policy measures, governance arrangements, on-farm strategies and other initiatives that countries are using to increase agricultural resilience to NHID, highlighting emerging good practices. It offers concrete recommendations on what more needs to be done to shift from coping with the impacts of disasters, to an ex ante approach that focuses on preventing and mitigating the impacts of disasters, helping the sector be better prepared to respond to disasters, and to adapt and transform in order to be better positioned for future disasters.
    DOI: 10.1787/49eefdd7-en
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Scooters Are Here, But Where Do They Go? : Aligning Scooter Regulations with City Goals (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: International Transport Forum Discussion Papers no.2021/11
    Schlagwort(e): Parken ; Radverkehr ; Kommunale Verkehrspolitik ; USA ; Transport
    Kurzfassung: This paper examines how 37 US cities regulate scooter parking. It analyses rates of improper scooter parking and discusses how cities can employ scooter regulations, in conjunction with other policies, to realise broader goals such as promoting sustainability and mobility.
    DOI: 10.1787/24bda590-en
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  • 11
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    An assessment of the impact of COVID-19 on job and skills demand using online job vacancy data (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.)
    Serie: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Schlagwort(e): Arbeitsnachfrage ; Anforderungsprofil ; Qualifikation ; Personalbeschaffung ; Coronavirus ; Australien ; Kanada ; Neuseeland ; Großbritannien ; USA ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia ; Canada ; New Zealand ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: This policy brief uses online job vacancy postings as a partial indicator of the impact of COVID-19 on skills demand in five OECD countries (Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States) between January and November 2020. The pandemic, as well as containment and mitigation measures designed to halt its spread, had a large but heterogeneous impact on the demand for skills. By early May, the total volume of online job vacancies had fallen by over 50% in all the countries analysed with respect to the beginning of the year, with even larger declines in some sectors. However, the demand for specific skills in the healthcare sector and in logistics increased. There is also evidence of an increase in vacancies involving remote-working arrangements. The brief also shows that the crisis affected differently individuals with different levels of educational qualifications and that such effect differed across the countries analysed.
    DOI: 10.1787/20fff09e-en
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  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Indicators of teenage career readiness : An analysis of longitudinal data from eight countries (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (177 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Working Papers no.258
    Schlagwort(e): Jugendliche ; Karriereplanung ; Erwerbsverlauf ; Australien ; Kanada ; China ; Deutschland ; Südkorea ; Großbritannien ; Uruguay ; USA ; Education
    Kurzfassung: The aim of the OECD Career Readiness project is to identify patterns of teenage attitudes and activities that are associated with better transitions into employment by analysing multiple national longitudinal datasets. This paper looks for further evidence of the link between teenage activities, experiences and career-related thinking and adult career outcomes by analysing 10 new datasets from eight countries. Overall, the results of this paper find further evidence that secondary school students who explore, experience and think about their futures in work frequently encounter lower levels of unemployment, receive higher wages and are happier in their careers as adults. The findings of this paper are analysed together with the evidence from the two previous working papers of the Career Readiness project, concluding that there is international evidence to support 11 out of the 14 potential indicators that were explored as indicators of career readiness.
    DOI: 10.1787/cec854f8-en
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  • 13
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    Strengthening the Governance of Skills Systems : Lessons from Six OECD Countries (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264751804
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Skills Studies
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Strengthening the governance of skills systems
    Schlagwort(e): Bildungspolitik ; Qualifikation ; Estland ; Deutschland ; Südkorea ; Norwegen ; Portugal ; USA ; Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Estonia ; Germany ; Korea, Republic of ; Norway ; Portugal ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The governance of skills systems has always raised a number of challenges for governments. Being at the intersection of education, labour market, industrial and other policy domains, managing skills policies is inherently complex. Addressing these challenges is more than ever crucial as globalisation, technological progress and demographic change are putting daunting pressures on skills systems to ensure that all members of society are equipped with the skills necessary to thrive in a rapidly changing world. Strengthening the Governance of Skills Systems: Lessons from Six OECD Countries provides advice on how to make the governance of skills systems effective. Building on the OECD Skills Strategy 2019, which identified four main challenges of skills systems governance, the report presents examples of how six different countries (Estonia, Germany, Korea, Norway, Portugal and the United States) have responded to one or several of these challenges. It also outlines concrete policy recommendations together with a self-assessment tool which provides guidance to policy makers and stakeholders for designing better skills systems that deliver better skills outcomes.
    DOI: 10.1787/3a4bb6ea-en
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  • 14
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    Early Learning and Child Well-being : A Study of Five-year-Olds in England, Estonia, and the United States (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264480865 , 9789264598287 , 9789264751644
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (175 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Early learning and child well-being
    Schlagwort(e): Frühkindliche Bildung ; Sozialer Indikator ; Kinder ; England ; USA ; Estland ; Education ; Estonia ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The first five years of a child’s life is a period of great opportunity, and risk. The cognitive and social-emotional skills that children develop in these early years have long-lasting impacts on their later outcomes throughout schooling and adulthood. The International Early Learning and Child Well-Being Study was designed to help countries assess their children’s skills and development, to understand how these relate to children’s early learning experiences and well-being. The study provides countries with comparative data on children’s early skills to assist countries to better identify factors that promote or hinder children’s early learning. Three countries participated in this study in 2018: England (United Kingdom), Estonia and the United States. The study directly assessed the emergent literacy and numeracy, self-regulation and social-emotional skills of a representative sample of five-year-old children in registered school and ECEC settings in each participating country. It also collected contextual and assessment information from the children’s parents and teachers. This report sets out the findings from the study as a whole.
    DOI: 10.1787/3990407f-en
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  • 15
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    Early Learning and Child Well-being in the United States (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264972223 , 9789264387362 , 9789264720404
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (175 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Early learning and child well-being in the United States
    Schlagwort(e): Frühkindliche Bildung ; Kinder ; Sozialer Indikator ; USA ; Education ; United States ; USA ; Kleinkinderziehung ; Sozialer Indikator
    Kurzfassung: The first five years of a child’s life is a period of great opportunity, and risk. The cognitive and social-emotional skills that children develop in these early years have long-lasting impacts on their later outcomes throughout schooling and adulthood. This report sets out the findings from the International Early Learning and Child Well-being Study in the United States. The study assesses children’s skills across both cognitive and social-emotional development, and how these relate to children’s early learning experiences at home and in early childhood education and care. It is enriched by contextual and assessment information from the children’s parents and educators. It provides comparative data on children’s early skills with children from England and Estonia, who also participated in the study, to better identify factors that promote or hinder children’s early learning.
    DOI: 10.1787/198d8c99-en
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  • 16
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    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective – MAP Peer Review Report, United States (Stage 2) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264327658
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (91 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: United States (stage 2)
    Schlagwort(e): Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; USA ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; United States ; G-20-Staaten ; USA ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Konfliktregelung
    Kurzfassung: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 2 peer monitoring of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by the United States, which is accompanied by a document addressing the implementation of best practices which can be accessed on the OECD website.
    DOI: 10.1787/305147e9-en
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  • 17
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    Linking Indigenous Communities with Regional Development (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264167940 , 9789264547452 , 9789264717749
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (344 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Linking indigenous communities with regional development
    Schlagwort(e): Indigene Völker ; Regionalentwicklung ; Australien ; Neuseeland ; Mexiko ; USA ; Kanada ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Industry and Services ; Indigenes Volk ; Regionale Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Kurzfassung: The 38 million Indigenous peoples living across 12 OECD countries contribute to stronger regional and national economies, and have unique assets and knowledge that address global challenges such as climate change. Supporting their economic inclusion at local and regional levels is essential to achieving the promise of the Sustainable Development Goals to “leave no-one behind” and overcoming the significant gaps in well-being that continue to exist between Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations, notably in rural areas. This report provides recommendations to achieve vibrant local and regional Indigenous economies that deliver on their objectives for development by: improving Indigenous statistics and data governance; enabling policies for entrepreneurship and small business; providing instruments to mobilise land for development; and implementing effective and inclusive governance to support a place-based approach.
    DOI: 10.1787/3203c082-en
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  • 18
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    OECD Economic Survey of the United States: Key Research Findings (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264310278
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD economic survey of the United States
    Schlagwort(e): Wirtschaftslage ; Großbritannien ; Development ; Economics ; United States ; USA ; Wirtschaftliche Lage ; Wirtschaftliche Stabilität
    Kurzfassung: This volume collects four studies that were prepared as background research to the 2018 OECD Economic Survey of the United States. Using micro-data survey responses, regional and sectorial data, these studies seek to provide insights into how employment responds to labour market disruption and the drivers of household financial vulnerability in the United States. This volume represents a collaborative effort by a team of OECD and academic researchers.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264310278-en
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  • 19
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Synergies and trade-offs between adaptation, mitigation and agricultural productivity : a synthesis report (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 110
    Schlagwort(e): Klimawandel ; Klimapolitik ; Agrarproduktion ; Produktivität ; Frankreich ; Niederlande ; Finnland ; USA ; Agriculture and Food ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This report develops quantitative and qualitative frameworks to test the possibility of systematically assessing a range of policies and their intended and unintended effects. The analysis spans the three policy objectives of enhanced productivity, climate change mitigation, and climate change adaptation. The preliminary findings and lessons learned are drawn from two applications of a qualitative framework (France and the Netherlands), where information was gathered through a wide-ranging questionnaire, and from two applications of a quantitative modelling framework which was tested using data from Finland and from selected sites in one region of the United States.
    DOI: 10.1787/07dcb05c-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 20
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Trust and its determinants : evidence from the Trustlab experiment (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 75 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD statistics working papers 2018, 2
    Schlagwort(e): Vertrauen ; Spieltheorie ; Experiment ; Frankreich ; Deutschland ; Italien ; Südkorea ; Slowenien ; USA ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper describes the results of an international initiative on trust (Trustlab) run in six OECD countries between November 2016 and November 2017 (France, Germany, Italy, Korea, Slovenia and the United States). Trustlab combines cutting-edge techniques drawn from behavioural science and experimental economics with an extensive survey on the policy and contextual determinants of trust in others and trust in institutions, administered to representative samples of participants. The main results are as follows: 1) Self-reported measures of trust in institutions are validated experimentally, 2) Self-reported measures of trust in others capture a belief about trustworthiness (as well as altruistic preferences), whereas experimental measures rather capture willingness to cooperate and one’s own trustworthiness. Therefore, both measures are loosely related, and should be considered complementary rather than substitutes; 3) Perceptions of institutional performance strongly correlate with both trust in government and trust in others; 4) Perceived government integrity is the strongest determinant of trust in government; 5) In addition to indicators associated with social capital, such as neighbourhood connectedness and attitudes towards immigration, perceived satisfaction with public services, social preferences and expectations matter for trust in others; 6) There is a large scope for policy action, as an increase in all significant determinants of trust in government by one standard deviation may be conducive to an increase in trust by 30 to 60%.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/869ef2ec-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 21
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Flexibility and Proportionality in Corporate Governance (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264307490 , 9789264309623 , 9789264309616
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Corporate Governance
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Flexibility and proportionality in corporate governance
    Schlagwort(e): Corporate Governance ; OECD-Staaten ; Großbritannien ; Schweden ; Italien ; Japan ; USA ; Portugal ; Governance ; Management
    Kurzfassung: The quality of corporate governance regulations matters. If they are well designed, they can help governments achieve important policy objectives, such as higher levels of investment, increased productivity and better business sector dynamics. But for this to happen, the rules and regulations must be allowed to evolve over time. They must also be able to meet the many different needs of those entrepreneurs, investors and stakeholders who are supposed to implement them. This is why the G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance state that policy makers have a responsibility to shape a regulatory framework that can meet the needs of corporations that operate under widely different circumstances. Importantly, this concept of flexibility and proportionality is not about less demanding rules or the acceptance of sub-standard practices. On the contrary, it represents a functional and outcome oriented approach to regulation that facilitates implementation and makes enforcement more effective. This OECD report presents the results of an OECD review on flexibility and proportionality practices in seven different areas of corporate governance regulation. The review covers 39 jurisdictions and six in-depth country case studies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264307490-en
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  • 22
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Equity in Education : Breaking Down Barriers to Social Mobility (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073234 , 9789264306967 , 9789264306950
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: PISA
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Equity in education
    Schlagwort(e): Bildungschancen ; Soziale Mobilität ; Australien ; Kanada ; Dänemark ; Schweiz ; USA ; Education ; Bildung ; Chancengleichheit ; Soziale Mobilität
    Kurzfassung: In times of growing economic inequality, improving equity in education becomes more urgent. While some countries and economies that participate in the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) have managed to build education systems where socio-economic status makes less of a difference to students’ learning and well-being, every country can do more. Equity in Education: Breaking Down Barriers to Social Mobility shows that high performance and more positive attitudes towards schooling among disadvantaged 15-year-old students are strong predictors of success in higher education and work later on. The report examines how equity in education has evolved over several cycles of the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). It identifies the policies and practices that can help disadvantaged students succeed academically and feel more engaged at school. Using longitudinal data from five countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Switzerland, and the United States), the report also describes the links between a student’s performance near the end of compulsory education and upward social mobility – i.e. attaining a higher level of education or working in a higher-status job than one’s parents.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073234-en
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  • 23
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Ageing and Employment Policies: United States 2018 : Working Better with Age and Fighting Unequal Ageing (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264289048 , 9789264190115 , 9789264298354
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Ageing and employment policies
    Schlagwort(e): Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; USA ; Employment ; United States
    Kurzfassung: In the United States, employment rates at older ages are comparatively high at 62% among 55-64 year-olds against 59% on average in OECD countries in 2016. However, there are large disparities across population groups. Early retirement remains a widespread phenomenon, especially among workers from vulnerable socio-economic backgrounds. Preventing old-age disparities in terms of employment outcomes and retirement income from widening is crucial. This report looks at the various pathways out of the labour market for older workers, and how employers can be supported to retain and hire older workers. It examines the best ways that the United States can promote the employability of workers throughout their working lives and more equal outcomes among older workers.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264190115-en
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  • 24
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: United States 2018 (Second Round) : Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264302853
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Serie: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: United States 2018 (second round)
    Schlagwort(e): Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; USA ; Taxation ; United States
    Kurzfassung: This report contains the 2018 Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of United States.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264302853-en
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  • 25
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Towards global SEEA Air Emission Accounts : description and evaluation of the OECD methodology to estimate SEEA Air Emission Accounts for CO2, CH4 and N2O in Annex-I countries to the UNFCCC (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD statistics working papers 2018, 11
    Schlagwort(e): Luftverschmutzung ; Island ; Japan ; Kasachstan ; Neuseeland ; Russland ; Ukraine ; USA ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper describes and evaluates the OECD methodology to estimate Air Emission Accounts (AEAs) for carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), in line with the System of Environmental Economic Accounting (SEEA).
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/7d88dfdd-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 26
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Time use surveys and experienced well-being in France and the United States (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD statistics working papers 2017, 07
    Schlagwort(e): Zeitverwendung ; Gesundheit ; Frankreich ; USA ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; France ; United States ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: The last decade has seen a sustained surge of interest in measures of subjective well-being on the part of economists and other social scientists. The vast majority of the academic literature on subjective well-being focuses on measures of life evaluation, as does most discussion of how measures of subjective well-being can be applied to policy. However, measures of life evaluation have well-known limitations, and other measures of subjective well-being, including experienced well-being (i.e. people’s time use and emotional state over time), can be an important complement to measures of life evaluation. As of 2016, however, few countries have included experienced well-being in their official time use surveys, and there is relatively little understanding of how different methodological approaches to measuring experienced well-being affect the results obtained. This paper presents results using data from the US and the French time use surveys, showing that the different approaches adopted by these two countries have quite different implications for the data collected. Results highlight the sensitivity of experienced well-being measures – particularly the U-index – to the choice of affective states included, and shed light on the differing results found in the literature on how unemployment impacts upon experienced well-being.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/be97d4e6-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 27
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Trading firms and trading costs in services : firm-level analysis (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 79 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD trade policy papers no. 210
    Schlagwort(e): Dienstleistungshandel ; Wirtschaftsdaten ; Ausländische Tochtergesellschaft ; Regulierung ; Wettbewerb ; Produktivitätsentwicklung ; Handelsliberalisierung ; Belgien ; Finnland ; Deutschland ; Italien ; Japan ; Schweden ; Großbritannien ; USA ; Trade ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This report presents evidence on how services trade restrictions influence the decisions and performance of firms engaged in international markets, drawing on micro-data from Belgium, Finland, Germany, Italy, Japan, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It first describes the patterns of services exports and affiliate sales at the firm level, uncovering a number of stylised facts about the firms engaged in international trade in services, their choices of modes of supply and the links between services trade and manufacturing activities. The report then relates these outcomes to services trade policy barriers in destination markets as measured by the OECD STRI. It demonstrates that complex and restrictive regulatory environments limit the volume of services that firms are able to trade as well as the number of firms that engage with those markets. Hence services trade restrictions reflect not only ad valorem trade costs, but also fixed and sunk costs. Such barriers do not affect all firms equally. Restrictive services trade regulations disproportionately discourage SMEs. Size, productivity and previous exporting experience appear to be decisive factors in dealing with at-the-border and behind-the-border trade barriers. Finally, the cost of regulatory compliance is lower for foreign-owned firms with headquarters located in the export destination country and for firms that trade bundles of services and manufacturing products, than it is for pure services exporters.
    DOI: 10.1787/b1c1a0e9-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 28
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    Online-Ressource
    Evaluation of farm programmes in the 2014 US farm bill : a review of the literature (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 73 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 104
    Schlagwort(e): Agrarpolitik ; Agrarversicherung ; Risikomanagement ; Umweltpolitik ; USA ; Agriculture and Food ; United States ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Main changes to US farm programmes under the 2014 Farm Bill aim to strengthen instruments for risk management, both in commodity and in crop insurance programmes. In addition, the 2014 Farm Bill consolidated voluntary conservation programmes supporting agricultural land preservation and the adoption of environmentally friendly production practices. In the literature reviewed, analysts generally acknowledge the reinforced capacity of farm programmes to reduce farm revenue losses and the diversity of options offered to farmers to manage risk. They also discuss farmers' choices of participation in programmes and coverage level in terms of optimisation of their benefits. They also outline the scope for higher budget costs if prices keep falling, but note that some provisions limit the increase. Regarding the impact of programmes on land and markets, the consensus is that by design, the two new crop commodity programmes do not influence current planting decisions, but they could generate small wealth and risk effects. Similarly the new dairy programme could affect the decisions of risk adverse farmers. Support to crop insurance on the other hand is based on current parameters, and unlimited, thus it is expected to encourage higher input use to maximise profit, in addition to the wealth and risk effects. Empirical analyses find very small effects of crop insurance subsidies on total land use, but some suggest a non-negligible impact on crop rotation, and variable input use. Overall, the literature finds that conservation payments seem to have had a positive impact on the environment. In particular, they have encouraged farmers to adopt more environmentally-friendly practices and address a broader set of environmental objectives. Some experts note, however, that some programmes may not necessarily bring additional benefits. Experts consider that cross-compliance mechanisms have partly contributed to reduce soil erosion by encouraging farmers to use less erosive cropping practices (e.g. conservation tillage, conservation crop rotations) and to retire particularly erodible land.
    DOI: 10.1787/ff39e390-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 29
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective - MAP Peer Review Report, United States (Stage 1) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264282698
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (75 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: United States (stage 1)
    Schlagwort(e): Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; USA ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; United States ; USA ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Steuervermeidung
    Kurzfassung: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 1 peer review of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by the United States, which is accompanied by a document addressing the implementation of best practices.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264282698-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 30
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    Online-Ressource
    Back to Work: United States : Improving the Re-employment Prospects of Displaced Workers (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264266513
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (152 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Serie: Back to Work
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Back to work
    Schlagwort(e): Kündigung ; Arbeitsmarktintegration ; USA ; Employment ; United States ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Wiedereinstellung
    Kurzfassung: Job displacement (involuntary job loss due to firm closure or downsizing) affects many workers over their lifetime. Displaced workers may face long periods of unemployment and, even when they find new jobs, tend to be paid less and have fewer benefits than in their prior jobs. Helping them get back into good jobs quickly should be a key goal of labour market policy. This report is part of a series of nine reports looking at how this challenge is being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It shows that the United States has a relatively high rate of job displacement and that only one in two affected workers find a new job within one year. Older displaced workers and those with a low level of education fare worst. Contrary to most other OECD countries, displaced workers have long been a target group for policy intervention, and a number of system features, like rapid response services, are promising. But the success of US policies is limited because overall funding for the workforce development system is insufficient and because only trade-related job displacement comes with generous entitlement for training and better benefits.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264266513-en
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  • 31
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    Online-Ressource
    Unleashing private sector productivity in the United States (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1328
    Schlagwort(e): Produktivitätsentwicklung ; USA ; Economics ; United States ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Productivity growth has been sluggish since the Great Recession and had been slowing before it. This slowdown has touched nearly every industry. Although part the slowdown may be related to weakness of investment related to the slow recovery of aggregate demand, structural issues also appear to be playing a role, including persistent declines in business dynamism (market entry and exit of firms) and signs of diminishing competitive pressures. Historically, young productive firms have been an important source of productivity growth, but start-up rates have been slowing for some time and have been especially low in the aftermath of the crisis, and failure rates of new firms have risen. This diminished dynamism appears to be associated with other trends such as population ageing, funding difficulties, reforms in 2005 to the personal bankruptcy code that made debt discharge more difficult, intellectual property rights that favour some established companies, the spread of state-level occupational licensing requirements, as well as zoning and land use restrictions that inhibit resources from flowing to their most productive use. There are also signs that market power is gradually intensifying on balance, restraining competitive forces that would otherwise translate productivity gains into broad-based improvements in household purchasing power.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/5jlpq7zk4j30-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 32
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    OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews: United States 2016 (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264266971
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (136 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD development co-operation peer reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Entwicklungshilfe ; USA ; Development ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) conducts periodic reviews of the individual development co-operation efforts of DAC members. The policies and programmes of each member are critically examined approximately once every five years. DAC peer reviews assess the performance of a given member, not just that of its development co-operation agency, and examine both policy and implementation. They take an integrated, system-wide perspective on the development co-operation and humanitarian assistance activities of the member under review.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264266971-en
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  • 33
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    Biodiversity Offsets : Effective Design and Implementation (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264222519
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Biodiversity offsets
    Schlagwort(e): Artenschutz ; USA ; Deutschland ; Mexiko ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; USA ; Mexiko ; Deutschland ; Biodiversität
    Kurzfassung: This report examines the key design and implementation features that need to be considered to ensure that biodiversity offset programmes are environmentally effective, economically efficient, and distributionally equitable. Biodiversity offsets are being increasingly used in a wide range of sectors as a mechanism to help compensate for the adverse effects caused by development projects in a variety of ecosystems. In this report, insights and lessons learned are drawn from more than 40 case studies from around the world, with an additional 3 in-depth country case studies from the United States, Germany and Mexico.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264222519-en
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  • 34
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    Online-Ressource
    Big data measures of well-being : evidence from a Google well-being index in the United States (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten) , graph. Darst.
    Serie: OECD statistics working papers 2016, 03
    Schlagwort(e): Zufriedenheit ; Sozialer Indikator ; Suchmaschine ; Webanalyse ; USA ; Employment ; Economics ; United States ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: We build an indicator of individual subjective well-being in the United States based on Google Trends. The indicator is a combination of keyword groups that are endogenously identified to fit with the weekly time-series of subjective well-being measures disseminated by Gallup Analytics. We find that keywords associated with job search, financial security, family life and leisure are the strongest predictors of the variations in subjective well-being. The model successfully predicts the out-of-sample evolution of most subjective well-being measures at a one-year horizon.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/5jlz9hpg0rd1-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 35
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    Online-Ressource
    Realising and expanding opportunities in the United States (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1333
    Schlagwort(e): Bildungschancen ; Bildungspolitik ; USA ; Education ; Economics ; United States ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Measures that enable the acquisition of new skills and reduce mismatches between the demand and supply of existing skills can boost US economic growth and make its benefits more inclusive. Although overall schooling performance has generally improved over time, many disadvantaged students still fail to achieve basic numeracy and literacy. Many parents are denied the opportunity to make their most productive contribution to the economy due to a lack of paid parental leave provisions, publicly-funded childcare and early-childhood education. Discrimination against individuals on the basis of race and gender or those with criminal records can also create barriers to opportunity. Some geographic areas of the country are performing very well, while others are being held back by governance structures that are ill-equipped to deal with economic, social, and environmental challenges. Getting the right policies and infrastructure in place in a timely manner can expand opportunity in these areas.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/5jlpq7t9vzbx-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 36
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    Causes and consequences of open space in U.S. urban areas (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD environment working papers no. 112
    Schlagwort(e): Stadtstruktur ; Städtischer Freiraum ; Städtische Flächennutzung ; Gemeindefinanzen ; Lebensqualität ; Ballungsraum ; USA ; Environment ; United States ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: The provision of open space is at the heart of a complex arbitration of local public finance and urban quality of life. The amount of open space varies substantially across urban areas. This variation raises some natural questions: What determines the amount of open space in an urban area? How does the amount of open space affect housing prices and local tax revenues? How can we assess whether the amount of open space in urban areas is socially optimal? This paper conducts theoretical and empirical analysis to address these issues. The theoretical analysis reveals that price elasticities of housing demand and supply, economies of scale in providing public services, and capitalized and non-capitalized values of environmental benefits from open space are key parameters affecting the optimal amount of open space. The effects of these parameters are tested on the basis of a sample of U.S. urban areas. Empirical results suggest that a significant share of U.S. urban areas has too little open space, in the sense that additional open space conservation could increase land values and social welfare.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/0bf27115-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 37
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    Innovation, Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability in the United States (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264264120
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Food and Agricultural Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Innovation, agricultural productivity and sustainability in the United States
    Schlagwort(e): Landwirtschaft ; Agrarproduktion ; Produktivität ; Agrartechnik ; Innovation ; Nachhaltigkeit ; USA ; Agriculture and Food ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The US food and agriculture sector is innovative, competitive and export-oriented. Changes in national and global demand offer further opportunities for US agri-food products, although climate change and other resource constraints could create additional challenges, in particular in some regions. Maintaining high productivity growth, while improving the sustainable use of resources will require further innovation. In a policy environment generally favourable to investment and innovation, the strong US agricultural innovation system is expected to continue to create innovations that will be widely adopted, to the extent that these can be widely accepted.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264264120-en
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  • 38
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Employment and Skills Strategies in the United States (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264209398
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (100 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Reviews on Local Job Creation
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Employment and skills strategies in the United States
    Schlagwort(e): Erwerbstätigkeit ; Qualifikation ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; USA ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; United States
    Kurzfassung: How to stimulate growth and support job creation are two critical challenges that countries confront following the global financial crisis. The Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Programme of the OECD has developed international cross-comparative reviews on local job creation policies to examine the contribution of local labour market policy to boosting quality employment. Each country review examines the capacity of employment services and training providers to contribute to a long-term strategy which strengthens the resiliency of the local economy, increases skills levels and job quality. This report looks at the range of institutions and bodies involved in workforce and skills development in two states – California and Michigan. In-depth fieldwork focused on two local Workforce Investment Boards in each state: the Sacramento Employment and Training Agency (SETA); the Northern Rural and Training and Employment Consortium (NoRTEC); the Southeast Michigan Community Alliance (SEMCA); and the Great Lakes Bay Michigan Works. The report concludes with a number of recommendations and actions to promote job creation at the federal, state and local levels.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264209398-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 39
    Online-Ressource
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    International Regulatory Co-operation: Case Studies, Vol. 2 : Canada-US Co-operation, EU Energy Regulation, Risk Assessment and Banking Supervision (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264200500
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (88 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als International regulatory co-operation ; 2: Canada-US co-operation, EU energy regulation, risk assessment and banking supervision
    Schlagwort(e): Regulierung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; EU-Energiepolitik ; Bankenaufsicht ; Kanada ; USA ; EU-Staaten ; Welt ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: The world is becoming increasingly global. This raises important challenges for regulatory processes which still largely emanate from domestic jurisdictions. In order to eliminate unnecessary regulatory divergences and to address the global challenges pertaining to systemic risks, the environment, and human health and safety, governments increasingly seek to better articulate regulations across borders and to ensure greater enforcement of rules. But, surprisingly, the gains that can be achieved through greater co-ordination of rules and their application across jurisdictions remain largely under-analysed. This volume complements the stocktaking report on International Regulatory Co-operation: Rules for a Global World by providing evidence on regulatory co-operation in the framework of the Canada-U.S. Regulatory Cooperation Council, as part of EU energy regulation, under the Global Risk Assessment Dialogue, and in the area of prudential regulation of banks. The four case studies provided in this volume follow the same outline to allow for comparison.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264200500-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 40
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Supervision and Enforcement in Corporate Governance (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264203334
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Corporate Governance
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Supervision and enforcement in corporate governance
    Schlagwort(e): Corporate Governance ; Aufsichtsbehörde ; Rechtsdurchsetzung ; Welt ; Brasilien ; Türkei ; USA ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: This fifth peer review of the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance analyses the supervision and enforcement of rules and practices relating to related party transactions (RPTs), takeover bids and shareholder meetings. The review covers 27 jurisdictions and is based on a general survey of all participating jurisdictions, as well as an in-depth review of supervision and enforcement practices in Brazil, Turkey, and the United States.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264203334-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 41
    Online-Ressource
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    Higher Education in Regional and City Development: Southern Arizona, United States 2011 (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264028036
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (235 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Higher Education in Regional and City Development
    Schlagwort(e): Hochschule ; Regionalentwicklung ; Regionalpolitik ; USA ; Education ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Southern Arizona is a major gateway for trade with Mexico. Its economic engine, the Tucson metropolitan area has developed into a hub of light-based industries, but ranks near the bottom third of US cities in per capita income. State funding for education is in decline, accentuated by the economic crisis, and the public good of tertiary education is under threat. In a time of financial stringency, how can the University of Arizona and community colleges preserve their existing strengths and address the needs of the diverse population? How can the region and its tertiary education institutions fuel local growth and create high quality jobs and new businesses? How can the institutions prepare for the post-crisis economy and help diversify the economy?
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264028036-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 42
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    Online-Ressource
    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes Peer Reviews: United States 2011 : Combined: Phase 1 + Phase 2 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264115064
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Serie: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; USA ; Taxation ; United States ; USA ; Finanzverwaltung ; Steuerrecht
    Kurzfassung: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264115064-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 43
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    Online-Ressource
    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes Peer Reviews: United States 2011 : Combined: Phase 1 + Phase 2 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264115064
    Sprache: Englisch
    Ausgabe: 2011
    Serie: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Peer Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; USA ; USA ; Finanzverwaltung ; Steuerrecht
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264115064-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 44
    Online-Ressource
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    Evaluation of Agricultural Policy Reforms in the United States (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264096721
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (215 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Évaluation des réformes de la politique agricole aux États-Unis
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Evaluation of agricultural policy reforms in the United States
    Schlagwort(e): Agrarpolitik ; Wirkungsanalyse ; USA ; Agriculture and Food ; United States ; USA ; Agrarpolitik ; Reformpolitik ; Gesetzgebung ; Geschichte 1985-2008
    Kurzfassung: The United States is one of the most important agricultural producers in the world. It has a very large domestic market and is the world’s largest exporter of agricultural products. Indeed, the share of US agricultural production exported is more than double that of any other US industry and the trade surplus in agricultural products acts as an important stimulus to the US economy. Thus, US agricultural policies exert a strong influence on world agricultural markets. The United States maintains an array of agricultural policies with goals that range from the traditional objectives of stabilising agricultural production and supporting farm income to those that have more recently increased in importance, such as assuring adequate nutrition, securing food safety, encouraging environmental protection and facilitating rural development. This study analyses and evaluates US agricultural policies, focusing on the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008, in the context of developments in agricultural policy that have taken place in the United States since 1985. It looks closely at five US Farm Acts: the Food Security Act of 1985; the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990; the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996; the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (2002 Farm Act); and the Food, Conservation and Energy Act of 2008. This study also discusses several emerging issues and challenges for US agricultural policies, and offers key policy recommendations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264096721-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 45
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    Higher Education in Regional and City Development: Paso del Norte, Mexico and the United States 2010 (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264088887
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (194 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Higher Education in Regional and City Development
    Schlagwort(e): Hochschule ; Regionalentwicklung ; Regionalpolitik ; Mexiko ; USA ; Education ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Mexico ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The Paso del Norte Region is the largest metropolitan area on the US-Mexican border, with Ciudad Juárez as a major manufacturing centre. However, the economic performance on both sides of the border region is below the OECD average. The long-term competitiveness of the region is under threat due to ongoing violence, brain drain and environmental degradation. This publication explores a range of helpful policy measures and institutional reforms to mobilise higher education for regional development. It is part of the series of the OECD reviews of Higher Education in Regional and City Development. These reviews help mobilise higher education institutions for economic, social and cultural development of cities and regions. They analyse how the higher education system impacts upon regional and local development and brings together universities, other higher education institutions, and public and private agencies to identify strategic goals and to work towards them.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264088887-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 46
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    Regions Matter : Economic Recovery, Innovation and Sustainable Growth (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076525
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (198 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Reprise économique, innovation et croissance durable ; Le rôle crucial des régions
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. Regions matter
    RVK:
    QY 000
    Schlagwort(e): Regionales Wachstum ; Räumliche Verteilung ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Regionalpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Statistik ; Europa ; Regionalentwicklung ; USA ; Korea ; Japan ; Mexiko ; Geschichte 1995-2005
    Kurzfassung: Why do some regions grow faster than others, and in ways that do not always conform to economic theory? This is a central issue in today’s economic climate, when policy makers are looking for ways to stimulate new and sustainable growth. OECD work suggests that there is no one-size-fits-all answer to regional growth policy. Rather, regions grow in very varied ways and the simple concentration of resources in a place is not sufficient for long-term growth. This report draws on OECD analysis of regional data (including where growth happens, country-by-country), policy reviews and case studies. It argues that it is how investments are made, regional assets used and synergies exploited that can make the difference. Public investment should prioritise longer-term impacts on productivity growth and combine measures in an integrated way. This suggests an important role for regional policies in shaping growth and economic recovery policies, but also challenges policy makers to implement policy reforms.
    Anmerkung: Franz. Ausg.u.d.T.: Reprise économique, innovation et croissance durable
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076525-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 47
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    Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes: United States 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264075290
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Serie: Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als United States
    DDC: 331.34
    RVK:
    QG 620
    RVK:
    QV 221
    Schlagwort(e): Junge Arbeitskräfte ; USA ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United States ; USA ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Jugendarbeitslosigkeit ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik
    Kurzfassung: First experiences on the labour market have a profound influence on later working life. This report on the United States contains a survey of the main barriers to employment for young people, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to improve the transition from school-to-work, and a set of policy recommendations for further action.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264075290-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 48
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    More than just jobs : workforce development in a skills-based economy (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264043282
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Serie: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Serie: SourceOECD
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. u.d.T. More than just jobs
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als More than just jobs
    Schlagwort(e): Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Australien ; Frankreich ; Deutschland ; Japan ; Südkorea ; Großbritannien ; USA ; OECD ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264043282-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 49
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    Online-Ressource
    More Than Just Jobs : Workforce Development in a Skills-Based Economy (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264043282
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (256 p.)
    Serie: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als More than just jobs
    Schlagwort(e): Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Australien ; Frankreich ; Deutschland ; Japan ; Südkorea ; Großbritannien ; USA ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; OECD ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik
    Kurzfassung: "Job placement” has been the traditional goal of labour and employment policies, but this report argues otherwise. To stay competitive in a globalised economy, governments must also strive to enhance the skills of workers, increase their productivity and provide upward mobility to immigrants and the disadvantaged. This report provides valuable insights into how labour policies can be expanded to meet economic development and social cohesion goals, while also reconciling national and local concerns. Studies from seven OECD countries are presented (Australia, France, Germany, Japan, Korea, the United Kingdom and the United States), each analysing attempts to expand workforce development policies and bridge the gap between national and local initiatives. Included are various types of government/private sector partnerships in the United States, regional training in France and Australia’s efforts to customise policies to local needs. Based on the country studies, the report then makes specific recommendations and suggestions on how workforce development policies can be expanded and improved.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264043282-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 50
    Online-Ressource
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    Biofuel Support Policies: An Economic Assessment (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264050112
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (146 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Politiques de soutien des biocarburants ; une évaluation économique
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Biofuel support policies
    DDC: 662
    RVK:
    QT 000
    Schlagwort(e): Biokraftstoff ; Förderung erneuerbarer Energien ; USA ; EU-Staaten ; Kanada ; Energy ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Electronic books ; Bioenergie ; Umweltpolitik ; Wirtschaftlichkeitsrechnung
    Kurzfassung: Governments in many OECD countries, as well as in a number of countries outside the OECD area, actively promote the production and use of alternative transport fuels made from agricultural commodities. This report, jointly produced by the OECD and the IEA and drawing on information from a number of other organisations, analyses the implications of this support from various perspectives. The report shows that the high level of policy support contributes little to reduced greenhouse-gas emissions and other policy objectives, while it adds to a range of factors that raise international prices for food commodities. It concludes that there are alternatives to current support policies for biofuels that would more effectively allow governments to achieve their objectives.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264050112-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 51
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    Business and the Environment : Policy Incentives and Corporate Responses (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264026278
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (114 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Entreprises et environnement ; Incitations publiques et réponses des entreprises
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Business and the environment
    RVK:
    AR 28300
    Schlagwort(e): Umweltpolitik ; Umweltmanagement ; OECD-Staaten ; Japan ; Frankreich ; Deutschland ; Ungarn ; Norwegen ; Kanada ; USA ; Environment ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Industriebetrieb ; Umweltbezogenes Management ; Umweltpolitik ; Anreizsystem
    Kurzfassung: The analysis of the inner workings of the firm has been largely absent from economic assessments of environmental policy. In an effort to partly fill this vacuum, this book summarises the results of an OECD project which collected and analysed data from over 4,000 facilities in seven OECD countries. Issues addressed include the role of 'flexible' policy instruments in encouraging clean production strategies and environmental research and development; the effectiveness of different environmental policy incentives on the introduction of environmental management systems and tools; and the relationship between environmental and commercial performance.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264026278-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 52
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    États-Unis (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Französisch
    Serie: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: United States 2005
    Schlagwort(e): USA ; Umweltpolitik
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264013193-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 53
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    Using Market Mechanisms to Manage Fisheries : Smoothing the Path (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264036581
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (324 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Les mécanismes du marché au service de la pêche ; Comment faciliter leur utilisation
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Les mécanismes du marché au service de la pêche
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Using market mechanisms to manage fisheries
    RVK:
    QT 500
    Schlagwort(e): Fischereipolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Island ; Japan ; Südkorea ; Norwegen ; Spanien ; Großbritannien ; USA ; Fisheries ; Fishery management ; Agriculture and Food ; Fischerei ; Management ; Marktmechanismus
    Kurzfassung: In demystifying the concept of market-like instruments, this study explains how to make better use of market-like instruments in fisheries management by identifying practical steps that can be taken to further their use. The findings of the study are based on a survey of the use of market-like instruments in OECD fisheries in which the key characteristics of these instruments in different countries are identified. It finds that market-like instruments have generally improved the economic efficiency of the sector, and have helped to ensure the sustainability of fish stocks.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264036581-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 54
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    Learning from the Blackouts : Transmission System Security in Competitive Electricity Markets (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264109629
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (216 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Energy Market Experience
    Paralleltitel: Buchausg. u.d.T. Cooke, Doug Learning from the blackouts
    RVK:
    QR 600
    Schlagwort(e): Elektrizitätsversorgung ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Deregulierung ; Europa ; Nordamerika ; Australien ; Energy ; Fallstudiensammlung ; Australien ; Europa ; USA ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Sicherheitsanalyse ; Stromausfall ; Elektrizitätsversorgungsnetz ; Deregulierung
    Kurzfassung: Electricity market reform has fundamentally changed the environment for maintaining reliable and secure power supplies, creating a more integrated and dynamic network environment with new real-time challenges for reliable and secure transmission system operation. But despite these fundamental changes, system operating rules and practices remain largely unchanged. The major blackouts of 2003 and 2004 raised important questions about the appropriateness of these arrangements. This publication presents case studies drawn from recent large-scale blackouts in Europe, North America, and Australia. It concludes that a comprehensive, integrated policy response is required to avoid preventable large-scale blackouts in the future.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264109629-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 55
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    United States (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264009592
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (195 p.)
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Paralleltitel: Print version United States
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Keese, Mark Ageing and employment policies: United States
    DDC: 331.398
    RVK:
    HD 370
    Schlagwort(e): Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Ältere Menschen ; Soziale Sicherheit ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; USA ; Alternde Bevölkerung ; Electronic books ; USA ; Entwicklungshilfe ; USA ; Entwicklungsländer
    Kurzfassung: In the face of rapid population ageing and the trend towards early retirement, there is a need to promote better employment opportunities for older people. Much has been said about the need for reform of old-age pensions and early retirement schemes but this may not be sufficient to raise employment rates for older people significantly or to reduce the future risk of labour shortages
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preliminaries; FOREWORD; TABLE OF CONTENTS; EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS; INTRODUCTION; Chapter 1 THE CHALLENGE AHEAD; Chapter 2 A PROFILE OF OLDER WORKERS; Chapter 3 SUSTAINING SOCIAL SECURITY AND ENHANCING EMPLOYMENT; Chapter 4 REMOVING BARRIERS TO RETENTION AND HIRING; Chapter 5 BETTER ACCESS TO BETTER JOBS; Chapter 6 ENSURING POLICIES ARE COMPREHENSIVE AND COHERENT; BIBLIOGRAPHY;
    Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264009608-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 56
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Lessons from Liberalised Electricity Markets (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264109605
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (224 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Energy Market Experience
    Paralleltitel: Buchausg. u.d.T. Stridbaek, Ulrik Lessons from liberalised electricity markets
    RVK:
    QR 600
    RVK:
    QM 430
    Schlagwort(e): Elektrizitätsversorgung ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Deregulierung ; USA (Nordoststaaten) ; Australien ; Großbritannien ; Nordeuropa ; Energy ; Australien ; Großbritannien ; USA ; Liberalisierung ; Markteffizienz ; Elektrizitätsmarkt ; Elektrizitätsversorgungsnetz ; Energieversorgung ; Elektrizitätseinspeisung ; Deregulierung
    Kurzfassung: This book assesses experience in reforming electricity markets in OECD countries over the past decade, focusing on the issues that are critical for successful liberalisation. Experiences and examples in the study are drawn mainly from the UK, Australian, Nordic and North Eastern United States (the PJM interconnection) markets, which have all operated with considerable success for a number of years. The issues covered in the study are: the rationale and benefits of liberalisation; the governance required to create effective competition; the role of prices and transparent wholesale markets; consumer protection; incentives for investment, and impact of addressing security of supply and environmental policy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264109605-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 57
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi: United States 2005 (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264009608
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Keese, Mark Ageing and employment policies: United States
    RVK:
    HD 370
    Schlagwort(e): Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Ältere Menschen ; Soziale Sicherheit ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; USA ; Alternde Bevölkerung ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United States ; USA ; Älterer Mensch ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Soziale Sicherheit
    Kurzfassung: In the face of rapid population ageing and the trend towards early retirement, there is a need to promote better employment opportunities for older people. This report on the United States, part of a series of around 20 OECD country reports, examines the demographic and economic challenges facing social security as well as the scope for raising labour force participation of older workers. It also looks at barriers to retention and hiring of older workers and measures to improve employability including education and training. This report includes a series of recommendations and is based on the proceedings of a seminar. It is published in English only. "An excellent report putting retirement in an international perspective." -John Rother, AARP
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264009608-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 58
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    Online-Ressource
    Local governance and the drivers of growth (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264013308 , 926401330X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Serie: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Serie: SourceOECD
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. u.d.T. Local governance and the drivers of growth
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Local governance and the drivers of growth
    RVK:
    QY 000
    Schlagwort(e): Wirtschaftswachstum ; Globalisierung ; Innovation ; Qualifikation ; Entrepreneurship ; Sozialkapital ; Governance-Ansatz ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Osteuropa ; Innovationsförderung ; Regionalentwicklung ; Netzwerk ; Europäische Union ; USA
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264013308-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 59
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    Online-Ressource
    Preferential Trading Arrangements in Agricultural and Food Markets : The Case of the European Union and the United States (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264009332
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Les régimes préférentiels dans les domaines agricole et alimentaire ; Les cas de l'Union européenne et des États-Unis
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Gallezot, Jacques Preferential trading arrangements in agricultural and food markets
    DDC: 382.7
    RVK:
    QM 230
    RVK:
    QS 200
    Schlagwort(e): Handelspräferenzen ; Agraraußenhandel ; EU-Staaten ; USA ; Agriculture and Food ; Development ; Trade ; European Union ; United States ; Europäische Union ; Handelsabkommen ; Agrarmarkt ; Lebensmittelmarkt ; Entwicklungsländer ; USA ; Handelsabkommen ; Agrarmarkt ; Lebensmittelmarkt ; Entwicklungsländer
    Kurzfassung: Developing countries are concerned that multilateral tariff reductions will harm their agricultural sectors because of preference erosion. The findings in this report suggest that although this may indeed be a problem for some countries in some sectors, factors other than preferential schemes may be limiting developing country exports. The report provides information on the extent to which developing countries have used selected, non-reciprocal preferential trading schemes provided by the EU and the US. Secondary data are complemented by interviews with market operators further clarifying the empirical findings. A special section has been devoted to the preferences granted to African countries highlighting the conditions for this set of developing countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264009332-en
    URL: Volltext
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    URL: Volltext
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  • 60
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    Online-Ressource
    Les régimes préférentiels dans les domaines agricole et alimentaire : Les cas de l'Union européenne et des États-Unis (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264009349
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (204 p)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Preferential Trading Arrangements in Agricultural and Food Markets: The Case of the European Union and the United States
    Schlagwort(e): Electronic books ; Entwicklungsländer ; Agraraußenhandel ; Handelsvertrag ; Europäische Union ; USA
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: ""AVANT-PROPOS""; ""TABLE DES MATI�RES""; ""GLOSSAIRE""; ""R�SUM� EXECUTIF""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""Chapitre 1 L�UTILISATION DES PREFERENCES TARIFAIRES AGROALIMENTAIRES DE L'UNION EUROPEENNE""; ""Chapitre 2 LES ACCORDS PR�F�RENTIELS DES �TATS-UNIS""; ""R�F�RENCES""; ""TABLEAUX ANNEXES""
    Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264009356-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 61
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    La réforme de la réglementation aux États-Unis (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Französisch
    Ausgabe: Edition 1999
    Serie: Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform: Regulatory Reform in the United States 1999
    Schlagwort(e): USA ; Regulierung ; Reform
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264273986-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 62
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    Online-Ressource
    The Public Employment Service in the United States (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264181434
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (232 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Le service public de l'emploi aux Etats-Unis
    DDC: 331.12/8/0973
    RVK:
    QV 200
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Governance ; United States ; USA ; Arbeitsverwaltung
    Kurzfassung: Over the last decade, labour market policy in the United States has been undergoing a period of significant restructuring. In the face of welfare reform initiatives, persistent unemployment and declines in real income among some groups (particularly the less skilled), and continued economic expansion, there is pressure on the public employment service (PES) to improve effectiveness. But, it must also come to terms with resource limitations. How have reforms fared so far -- what seems to be working well or not so well? Which of the new approaches may require revision in the event of an economic downturn? Where might adjustments lead to improved effectiveness? While considering such questions, this publication provides an in-depth look at the PES and recent policy initiatives in the United States. Areas of concern about recent reforms are outlined and options for making policies more effective are presented.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264181434-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 63
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    Online-Ressource
    Le service public de l'emploi aux Etats-Unis (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264281431
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. The Public Employment Service in the United States
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Governance ; United States ; USA ; Arbeitsverwaltung
    Kurzfassung: Depuis le début des années 1990, la politique du marché du travail traverse une période de profonde restructuration aux États-Unis. On demande au service public de l'emploi (SPE) d'être plus efficace tout en faisant face à des ressources limitées, dans un contexte de réforme de la protection sociale, de chômage persistant, de recul du revenu réel dans certaines couches de la population (notamment chez les moins qualifiés) et d'expansion économique durable. Quel bilan tirer des réformes menées jusqu'ici -- lesquelles semblent réussir et lesquelles marchent moins bien ? Parmi ces nouvelles approches lesquelles faudrait-il revoir en cas de ralentissement économique ? Dans quels domaines les ajustements peuvent-ils conduire à davantage d'efficacité ? Cet ouvrage répond à ces questions et offre une analyse approfondie du SPE des États-Unis et des initiatives récentes prises en la matière. Il expose les sujets de préoccupation soulevés par les réformes récentes ainsi que les options pour rendre les politiques plus efficaces.
    Anmerkung: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: The public employment service in the United States
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264281431-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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