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  • Cham : Springer  (72)
  • Philosophy  (72)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer | [Ann Arbor] : ProQuest
    ISBN: 3030990877 , 9783030990879
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 173 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    DDC: 306.2
    Keywords: Feminism ; Feminist theory ; Identity politics ; Philosophy ; Political sociology ; Postcolonialism ; Social justice ; Political Sociology ; Feminism and Feminist Theory ; Identity Politics ; Post-Colonial Philosophy ; Social Justice
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9783030110741
    Language: English
    Pages: xxxi, 215 Seiten , Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Chimakonam, Jonathan O. Ezumezu
    DDC: 140
    RVK:
    Keywords: Movement (Philosophy) ; Logic ; Philosophy ; Theory (Philosophy) ; Philosophical Traditions
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9783319989402 , 3319989405
    Language: English
    Pages: xxvii, 304 Seiten , 23.5 cm x 15.5 cm
    Series Statement: Contributions to phenomenology volume 98
    Series Statement: Contributions to phenomenology
    Uniform Title: Герменевтика и ее проблемы in Мысль и слово. Избранные труды
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 100
    RVK:
    Keywords: Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Theory (Philosophy) ; Hermeneutics ; Hermeneutics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Theory (Philosophy)
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9783319727486
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XVI, 85 p)
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Philosophy
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301.01
    Keywords: Philosophy ; International organization ; International relations ; Social sciences / Philosophy ; Economic development ; Social change ; Philosophy ; Social Philosophy ; Foreign Policy ; Development and Social Change ; Development Aid ; Development Theory ; International Organization
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9783319895963
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (IX, 208 p. 5 illus., 2 illus. in color)
    Series Statement: Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning, Interdisciplinary Perspectives from the Humanities and Social Sciences volume 17
    Series Statement: Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning, Interdisciplinary Perspectives from the Humanities and Social Sciences
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301.01
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Public policy ; Logic ; Social sciences / Philosophy ; Statistics ; Social policy ; Philosophy ; Social Philosophy ; Statistics for Social Science, Behavorial Science, Education, Public Policy, and Law ; Social Policy ; Public Policy ; Logic
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9783319580234
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 247 S, online resource)
    Series Statement: Veröffentlichungen des Instituts Wiener Kreis 28
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Philosophie und Wissenschaft bei Hermann Cohen (Veranstaltung : 2014 : Wien) Philosophie und Wissenschaft bei Hermann Cohen
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Konferenzschrift
    Abstract: Part 1 -- Chapter 1: Ursula Renz (Universität Klagenfurt). Zwischen erkenntnistheoretischem Rationalismus und wissenschaftsphilosophischem Empirismus. Zu Cohens Philosophiebegriff -- Chapter 2: Nicholas F. Stang (University of Toronto). Hermann Cohen and Kant’s Concept of Experience -- Part 2.- Chapter 3: Gregory B. Moynahan (Bard College). The Challenge of Psychology in the Development of Cohen’s System of Philosophy and the Marburg School Project -- Chapter 4: Francesca Biagioli (Universität Konstanz). Cohen and Helmholtz on the Foundations of Measurement -- Chapter 5: Thomas Mormann (University of the Basque Country in Donostia-San Sebastian). Zur mathematischen Wissenschaftsphilosophie des Marburger Neukantianismus -- Chapter 6: Lois Marie Rendl (Institut Wiener Kreis). Zu Hermann Cohens Reduktion der „transzendentalen Methode“ auf die „regressive Lehrart“ der Prolegomena -- Part 3 -- Chapter 7: Jean Seidengart ( Université Paris Ouest-Nanterre-La Défense). The Coordination of Phenomena in Scientific Knowledge According to Hans Reichenbach: The Case of Einstein’s Theory of Relativity -- Chapter 8: Massimo Ferrari (University of Turin). Versteckte Verwandtschaften. Erkenntniskritik und Wissenschaftsanalyse – Cohen und der logische Empirismus -- Chapter 9: Marco Giovanelli (Universität Tübingen). „Zwei Bedeutungen des Apriori“. Hermann Cohens Unterscheidung zwischen metaphysischem und transzendentalem a priori und die Vorgeschichte des Relativierten a priori -- Chapter 10: Geert Edel (Wyk/Föhr). 'Faktum Wissenschaft' oder 'Einheit des Bewusstseins'? Zur Frage des Ausgangspunktes der Philosophie: Kant, Cohen, Wiener Kreis (Schlick) -- Chapter 11: Pierfrancesco Fiorato (University of Sassari). Die grundsätzliche Beantwortbarkeit jeder Frage. Cohen und Carnap über Stolz und Demut der kritischen Philosophie.
    Abstract: Der Band versammelt einen Großteil der Beiträge, die internationale Experten anlässlich der Tagung „Philosophie und Wissenschaft bei Hermann Cohen“ im November 2014 am Institut Wiener Kreis der Universität Wien präsentiert haben. Mit der Tagung zu Hermann Cohen (1842 – 1918), der zusammen mit Paul Natorp die Marburger Schule begründete, wurden zwei Ziele verfolgt: erstens die Aspekte in der Philosophie des Kantianers Cohen herauszuarbeiten, die an die Idee einer Einheitswissenschaft anknüpfen und zweitens Divergenzen und Übereinstimmungen Cohens mit der wissenschaftlichen Weltauffassung, der Programmatik des Wiener Kreises um Rudolf Carnap und Moritz Schlick zu identifizieren. Der Tagungsband ist in drei Teile gegliedert. Die Aufsätze im ersten Teil beschäftigen sich mit der Bedeutung von Erfahrung und Empirismus für das Philosophieverständnis Hermann Cohens. Im zweiten Teil gehen die Autoren der Frage nach, welche Rolle Theorien aus den Bereichen Mathematik, Naturwissenscha ften und Psychologie für Cohens Denken gespielt haben – unter anderem Hermann von Helmholtz‘ Theorie des Messens und die Bedeutung der Infinitesimalrechnung für die Philosophie der Marburger Schule. Die Beiträge im dritten Teil des Bandes stellen die Philosophie Cohens und der Marburger Schule den Vertretern des Wiener Kreises und der Berliner Gruppe um Hans Reichenbach gegenüber. Dabei wird Reichenbachs Rezeption der Relativitätstheorie in den Kontext einer Relativierung Kants bei Cohen und Ernst Cassirer gestellt und „versteckte Verwandtschaften“ zwischen Cohen und dem Logischen Empirismus aufgedeckt. Der Band richtet sich an Wissenschaftler auf dem Gebiet der Geschichte der Philosophie.
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9783319773261
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 87 p. 5 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: UNIPA Springer Series
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Social Sciences
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Printed edition
    Keywords: Philology ; Philosophy ; Greek language ; Linguistics
    Abstract: This book attempts to solve Aristotle's definition of arthron in the XX chapter of the Poetics by seeing it in a new light. This definition has always been considered an unsolvable problem. Starting with a detailed analysis of the Greek text, and of the various attempts to emend the text in order to make sense of it, the book provides an analytical description of the critical literature, showing that the solutions proposed up to now need to be revised. The possible solution is found in viewing the XX chapter of the Poetics not as a classification of parts of speech, as it was usually supposed, but by considering the biological definitions of arthron in Aristotle's corpus. This leads to the conclusion that, in linguistics as well as in biology, arthron is a "joint". In this light, the book offers a new textual conjecture for the first example of arthron in the Poetics
    Abstract: Introduction -- Chapter 1: The Problem -- Chapter 2: From Biology to Linguistics -- Chapter 3: Conclusions
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9783319906683
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 214 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Social Sciences
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Bartkowski, John P., 1966 - The arc of faith-based initiatives
    Parallel Title: Printed edition
    Keywords: Religion Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Kirchliche Sozialarbeit ; Sozialwesen ; Religion
    Abstract: This volume offers an in-depth examination of a diverse range of faith-based programs implemented in three different geographical locales: family support in rural Mississippi, transitional housing in Michigan, and addiction recovery in the Pacific Northwest (Washington-Oregon). Various types of religious service providers-faith-intensive and faith-related-are carefully examined, and secular organizations also serve as an illuminating point of comparison. Among other insights, this book reveals how the “three C’s” of social service provision-programmatic content, organizational culture, and ecological context-all combine to shape the delivery of welfare services in the nonprofit world. This book warns against simplistic generalizations about faith-based organizations. Faith-based providers exhibit considerable diversity and, quite often, remarkable resilience in the face of challenging social circumstances. An appreciation of these nuances is critical as policies concerning faith-based organizations continue to evolve
    Abstract: Chapter 1-Faith-Based Persistence and Permutations -- Chapter 2-Faith-Based Initiatives Reconsidered: The Complicated Relationship Between Religion and Social Welfare Service Provision -- Chapter 3-Faith-based versus Secular Support for Fragile Families: Parent Education in the Rural South -- Chapter 4-Across the Continuum of Care: Transitional Housing Programs in the Midwest -- Chapter 5-Addiction Recovery: Residential Drug and Alcohol Treatment Programs in the Pacific Northwest (Steven Rathgeb Smith with Bejamina Menashe) -- Chapter 6- Does Faith Matter? Client Transformation in Parenting, Housing, and Addiction Recovery Programs -- Conclusion-Promising Partners or Strange Bedfellows? Faith-Based Providers and Government Funders after Welfare -- Appendix A: Methods in Brief -- Appendix B: Research Instruments -- Appendix C: Descriptions of Programs and Agencies
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9783319580258
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XVIII, 252 Seiten)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: Veröffentlichungen des Instituts Wiener Kreis 27
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Dissertation note: Habilitationsschrift Universität Tübingen 2015/2016
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Hochschulschrift
    Abstract: In der Studie geht Matthias Neuber der Frage nach, in welchem Verhältnis das Konzept des Realismus und der logische Empirismus des Wiener Kreises, eine der dominanten Strömungen der deutschsprachigen theoretischen Philosophie des frühen 20. Jahrhunderts, zueinander stehen. Diese Fragestellung ist in der philosophiehistorischen Forschung bislang nur am Rande behandelt worden. Das ist umso erstaunlicher, als die neuere wissenschaftsphilosophische Realismusdebatte gerade durch den logischen Empirismus maßgeblich mitbestimmt worden ist. Der Autor geht aber noch einen Schritt weiter: Er begründet in dem Band die These, dass es innerhalb des logischen Empirismus selbst Strömungen gab, die mit dem wissenschaftlichen Realismus kompatibel sind. Damit bezieht er eine Gegenposition zum Mainstream in der Deutung der wissenschaftsphilosophischen Realismusdebatte des 20. Jahrhunderts, denn der versteht den wissenschaftlichen Realismus als Gegenprogramm zum logischen Empirismus. Neuber liefert mit seiner philosophiehistorischen Studie nicht weniger als eine Neubewertung des Verhältnisses von Realismus und logischem Empirismus. Ein Werk, das sich insbesondere an Wissenschaftler, aber auch an fortgeschrittene Studierende auf dem Gebiet der Geschichte der Wissenschaftsphilosophie richtet
    Abstract: Einleitung -- Part 1: Das Realismusproblem als Scheinproblem -- 1. Das Realismusproblem als Scheinproblem bei Carnap -- 2. Das Realismusproblem als Scheinproblem bei Schlick -- 3. Weiterführende Ansätze -- Part 2: Das Realismusproblem als Sprachproblem -- 4. Das Realismusproblem als Sprachproblem bei Reichenbach -- 5. Das Realismusproblem als Sprachproblem bei Feigl -- 6. Das Realismusproblem als Sprachproblem bei Hempel und beim späteren Carnap -- 7. Weiterführende Ansätze -- Part 3: Das Realismusproblem als Wirklichkeitsproblem -- 8. Das Realismusproblem als Wirklichkeitsproblem bei Kraft -- 9. Das Realismusproblem als Wirklichkeitsproblem bei Kaila -- 10. Metrologischer Strukturenrealismus? -- Schluss -- Literaturverzeichnis
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  • 10
    ISBN: 9783319594910 , 9783319866352
    Language: English
    Pages: xv, 223 Seiten , Literaturangaben und Index
    Edition: Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2017
    Series Statement: Philosophy and politics$dcritical explorations volume 5
    Series Statement: Philosophy and politics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Badamchi, Meysam Post-Islamist Political Theory
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Badamchi, Meysam Post-Islamist political theory
    DDC: 100
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Philosophy ; Islam ; Intellectual life History ; Political theory ; Middle East Politics and government ; Political philosophy ; Law Philosophy ; Law ; Philosophie ; Islamwissenschaft ; Religionsphilosophie ; Politische Philosophie ; Liberalismus ; Geistesleben ; Iran
    Abstract: Preface and Acknowledgments -- Note on Transliteration -- Chapter 1. Introduction Chapter 2. Political Liberalism for Post-Islamist, Muslim-Majority Societies -- Chapter 3. Why and How Political Liberals Need to Persuade Muslims: Ferrara and March’s Interpretations of Conjecture -- Chapter 4. An Unorthodox, Islamic, Full Justification for Liberal Citizenship: the Case of Mohammad Mojtahed Shabestari -- Chapter 5. Between Contractarianism and Islamic State: A Post-Islamist Reading of M.H.Tabatabai’s Theory of Justice -- Chapter 6. Reasonableness, Rationality and Government: Mehdi Haeri Yazdi’s Hekmat va Hokumat -- Chapter 7. Between Truth and Democracy: Mostafa Malekian’s Spiritual Intellectualism -- Chapter 8. Guardianship, Basic Liberties, and Reform: A Post-Islamist Critique of Iran’s Post- Revolutionary Constitution -- Index
    Abstract: “This book deals with the concept of post-Islamism from a mainly philosophical perspective, using political liberalism as elaborated by John Rawls as the key interpretive tool. What distinguishes this book from most scholarship in Iranian studies is that it primarily deals with the projects of Iranian intellectuals from a normative perspective as the concept is understood by analytical philosophers. The volume includes analyses of the strengths and weakness of the arguments underlying each thinker’s ideas, rather than looking for their historical and sociological origins, genealogy, etc. Each chapter develops a particular conjectural argument for the possibility of an overlapping consensus between Islam and political liberalism, though the arguments presented draw upon different Islamic, particularly Shia, resources. Thus, while Shabestari and Soroush primarily reason from a modernist theological or kalami perspective, M.H.Tabatabai and Mehdi Haeri Yazdi’s arguments are mainly based on traditional Islamic philosophy and Quranic exegesis. While Kadivar, An-Naim and Fanaei are post-Islamist in the exact sense of the term, Malekian goes beyond typical post-Islamism by proposing a theory for spirituality that constrains religion within the boundaries of enlightenment thought. Throughout the book, specific attention is given to Ferrara and March’s readings of political liberalism. Although the book’s chapters constitute a whole, they can also be read independently if the reader is only curious about particular intellectuals whose political theories are discussed.” (Publisher's description)
    Note: 1 Introduction , 2 Political Liberalism for Post-Islamist, Muslim-Majority Societies , 3 Why and How Political Liberals Need to Persuade Muslims: Ferrara and March's Interpretations of Conjecture , 4 An Unorthodox, Islamic, Full Justification for Liberal Citizenship: The Case of Mohammad Mojtahed Shabestari , 5 Between Contractarianism and Islamic State: A Post-Islamist Reading of Mohammad Hossein Tabatabai's Theory of Justice , 6 Reasonableness, Rationality and Government: Mehdi Haeri Yazdi's Hekmat va Hokumat , 7 Between Truth and Democracy: Mostafa Malekian's Spiritual Intellectualism , 8 Guardianship, Basic Liberties and Reform: A Post-Islamist Critique of Iran's Post-revolutionary Constitution
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  • 11
    Book
    Book
    Cham : Springer
    ISBN: 9783319525594 , 331952559X
    Language: English
    Pages: xv, 152 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 190
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Culture Study and teaching ; Modern philosophy ; Phenomenology ; Cultural studies
    Abstract: The illumination of African philosophy offered in this volume leads to the illumination of philosophy in general. Illuminating arises as an essential task of philosophy, whether African or not. What is illuminated is not already there, but is constituted at the moment of illumination. This book invites the reader to participate in the illuminating work of philosophy and necessarily, thereby, to contribute to his or her own self-constituting self-illumination. Although the focus is on African philosophy, the book also bridges the gap between African philosophy and other branches. Today more than ever, a bridging philosophy is called for, and this book helps to meet that need. This book poses philosophical questions such as who is an African and what Africa is, and seeks philosophical answers. In doing so, it contributes to the ongoing discourse on African philosophy. It addresses such issues as the African grounding of philosophy, the difference between African and Black philosophy, the African body, African art as expressed in and by Chiwara, the plight of African trees as the plight of Africans, and the symbolic meaning of Robben Island
    Abstract: Introduction/initiation -- African grounding of philosophy -- To be received or not to be received -- On the notion of the African history of philosophy -- The African body as an ethico-aesthetic site -- Seeing: an African way -- Chiwara: the African antelope speaks -- The way of trees in Africa -- Robben ISland is not an island: introducing no-geography -- Conclusion
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  • 12
    ISBN: 3319669567 , 9783319669564
    Language: English
    Pages: ix, 183 Seiten , 23.5 cm x 15.5 cm
    Series Statement: Studies in global justice volume 17
    Series Statement: Studies in global justice
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Boot, Eric R Human Duties and the Limits of Human Rights Discourse
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Boot, Eric R. Human Duties and the Limits of Human Rights Discourse
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion
    DDC: 340.1
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Political theory ; Political science ; Political philosophy ; Ethics ; Human rights ; Menschenrecht ; Ethik ; Menschenrecht ; Ethik
    Abstract: This book demonstrates the importance of a duty-based approach to morality. The dominance of what has been labeled “rights talk” leads to the neglect of duties without corresponding rights (e.g., duties of virtue) and stimulates the proliferation of questionable human rights. Therefore, this book argues for a duty-based perspective on morality in order to, first, salvage duties of virtue, and, second, counter the trend of rights-proliferation by providing some conceptual clarity concerning rights and duties that will enable us to differentiate between genuine and spurious rights-claims. The argument for this duty-based perspective is made by examining two particularly contentious duties: duties to aid the global poor and civic duties. These two duties serve as case studies and are explored from the perspectives of political theory, jurisprudence and moral philosophy. The argument is made that both these duties can only be adequately defined and allocated if we adopt the perspective of duties, as the predominant perspective of rights either does not recognize them to be duties at all or else leaves their content and allocation indefinite. This renewed focus on duties does not wish to diminish the importance of rights. Rather, the duty-based perspective on morality will strengthen human rights discourse by distinguishing more strictly between genuine and inauthentic rights. Furthermore, a duty-based approach enriches our moral landscape by recognizing both duties of justice and duties of virtue. The latter duties are not less important or supererogatory, but function as indispensable complements to the duties prescribed by justice. In this perceptive and exceptionally lucid book, Eric Boot argues that a duty-focused approach to morality will remedy the shortcomings he finds in the standard accounts of human rights. The study tackles staple philosophical topics such as the contrasts between duties of virtue and duties of justice and imperfect and perfect obligations. But more importantly perhaps, it also confronts the practical question of what our human rights duties are and how we ought to act on them. Boot's book is a splendid example of how philosophy can engage and clarify real world problems. Kok-Chor Tan, Department of Philosophy, University of Pennsylvania A lively and enjoyable defence of the importance of our having duties to fellow human beings in severe poverty. At a time when global justice has never been more urgent, this new book ...
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  • 13
    ISBN: 9783319594927
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XV, 223 p)
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Politics - Critical Explorations volume 5
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Politics - Critical Explorations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 320.01
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Philosophy ; Islam ; Intellectual life / History ; Political theory ; Middle East / Politics and government ; Political philosophy ; Law / Philosophy ; Law ; Political Philosophy ; Political Theory ; Intellectual Studies ; Theories of Law, Philosophy of Law, Legal History ; Middle Eastern Politics ; Geschichte ; Philosophie ; Politik ; Recht ; Islam ; Liberalismus ; Naher Osten ; Iran ; Iran ; Islam ; Liberalismus
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9783319444741
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIII, 293 S. 1 Abb, online resource)
    Series Statement: Veröffentlichungen des Instituts Wiener Kreis 25
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Aesthetics ; Epistemology ; Ethics ; Logic ; Language and languages Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Aesthetics ; Epistemology ; Ethics ; Logic ; Language and languages Philosophy
    Abstract: Kasimir Twardowski (geb. 1866 in Wien, gestorben 1938 in Lemberg) war einerseits eine der wichtigsten Figuren der Brentanoschule und andererseits der Begründer der Lemberg-Warschau-Schule der Philosophie. Der Band enthält sämtliche Schriften, die Twardowski auf Deutsch verfasst hat. Die meisten davon wurden veröffentlicht, bevor Twardowski 1895 zum Professor für Philosophie an der Universität Lemberg ernannt wurde. Danach publizierte er fast ausschließlich in polnischer Sprache. Als Lehrer von Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz, Tadeusz Kotarbiński, Stanisław Leśniewski, Jan Łukasiewicz und vielen anderen regte Twardowski eine ganze Generation bedeutender junger polnischer Philosophen zu ihren Leistungen in der Logik und ihren Anwendungen an. Twardowskis 1892 veröffentlichte Habilitationsschrift „Zur Lehre vom Inhalt und Gegenstand der Vorstellung“ hatte großen Einfluss auf Edmund Husserl, auf Alexius Meinong und, durch George Stout, auch auf die frühe englische analytische Bewegung. Neben Dissertation und Habilitationsschrift enthält der Band auch kleinere Schriften Twardowskis. Dazu gehören Buchrezensionen, in denen er sich als herausragender Kritiker philosophischer Werke zeigt, ebenso wie Konzertkritiken und journalistische Arbeiten - darunter eine zur Geschichte der Universität Lemberg. Der Band dokumentiert darüber hinaus Material aus dem Archiv der Wiener Universität im Zusammenhang mit seiner Promotion und Habilitation
    Abstract: Einleitung. Wissenschaftliche Errungenschaften Von Kasimir Twardowski -- Selbstdarstellung -- Teil I: Aufsätze -- I. Idee Und Perzeption. Eine Erkenntnis-Theoretische Untersuchung Aus Descartes -- II. Zur Lehre Vom Inhalt Und Gegenstand Der Vorstellungen. Eine Psychologische Untersuchung -- III. Über Sogenannte Relative Wahrheiten -- IV. Über Begriffliche Vorstellungen -- V. Funktionen Und Gebilde -- Teil II: Kleine Schriften -- I. Zusammenfassungen Und Aussagen -- II. Philosophische Rezensionen -- III. Musikrezensionen -- IV. Publizistik -- V. Varia -- Bibliographie -- Personenregister
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9783319396194
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 237 S. 4 Abb, online resource)
    Series Statement: Veröffentlichungen des Instituts Wiener Kreis 24
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Damböck, Christian 〈Deutscher Empirismus〉
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    Keywords: Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Deutsches Sprachgebiet ; Empirismus ; Philosophie ; Geschichte ; Deutsches Sprachgebiet ; Empirismus ; Philosophie ; Geschichte
    Abstract: Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Rehabilitierung einer vergessenen Tradition der deutschsprachigen Philosophie des Jahrhunderts von etwa 1830 bis 1930. Das Buch versteht sich als Beitrag zur Geschichte der Philosophie und der Wissenschaftstheorie im deutschsprachigen Raum im neunzehnten und frühen zwanzigsten Jahrhundert. Die hier 〈deutscher Empirismus〉 genannte Tradition umfasst als Schlüsselfiguren Wilhelm Dilthey und Hermann Cohen. Das Empirische am 〈deutschen Empirismus〉 liegt nicht in den „Sinnesdaten“, sondern im abstrakten Bereich von Geist und Kultur. Die wissenschaftlichen Disziplinen auf die sich 〈deutsche Empiristen〉 stützen sind primär (wenn auch ohne Ausklammerung der für die theoretische Philosophie grundlegend wichtigen Naturwissenschaften) die Geisteswissenschaften. Das zeigt sich insbesondere in der von den hier diskutierten Autoren vorangetriebenen geisteswissenschaftlichen Grundlagendisziplin der 〈beschreibenden Psychologie〉. Theoretische Philosophie dient im 〈deutschen Empirismus〉 stets bestimmten praktischen (ethischen, ästhetischen und politischen) Zielsetzungen und erhält nur dadurch ihre Rechtfertigung. Rudolf Carnap passt insofern in dieses Bild als auch er, vor allem in seinem Frühwerk, von Ideen 〈deutscher Empiristen〉 ausgegangen ist. Carnap erlaubt uns zu sehen, wie diese Ideen in einer Zeit des zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts erhalten geblieben sind, in der die Philosophie ansonsten eher „auf den eisigen Firnen der Logik ein zurückgezogenes Dasein“ zu führen begann. Lydia Patton: „Deutscher Empirismus demonstrates a profound knowledge of nineteenth and early twentieth century philosophy and science. The work promises to inform and to inspire research in the field, and I have little doubt that it will do so.“ Massimo Ferrari: „Deutscher Empirismus bildet einen wertvollen Beitrag zur Erforschung der deutschen Philosophie. Es handelt sich um eine sehr eingehende Analyse, die auf ausführlichen Quellenuntersuchungen beruht und zugleich innovative systematische Ansätze konturiert. “ Uljana Feest: „Deutscher Empirismus legt eine eigenwillige neue Achse durch die Philosophiegeschichte des deutschsprachigen 19. Jahrhunderts. Entgegen der herrschenden Meinung, dass die deutschsprachige akademische Philosophie in den mittleren 40 Jahren des 19. Jahrhunderts weitgehend zum Erliegen kam und sich erst ab ca. 1870 wieder zu erholen begann, argumentiert Damböck, dass ab ca. 1830 im Gegenteil eine vielv ...
    Abstract: Einleitung -- 1. Zur philosophischen Morphologie der Berliner Szene nach 1830 -- 2. Diltheys empirische Auffassung von Philosophie -- 3. Cohens Apriorismus und die Fakten der Kultur -- 4. Postskriptum: Logik, Ethik und Ästhetik in Carnaps Aufbau
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9783319469898
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 304 p. 28 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 43
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: History
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Printed edition
    Keywords: Philosophy ; History
    Abstract: This edited volume features 20 essays written by leading scholars that provide a detailed examination of L’Homme by René Descartes. It explores the way in which this work developed themes not just on questions such as the circulation of the blood, but also on central questions of perception and our knowledge of the world. Coverage first offers a critical discussion on the different versions of L'Homme, including the Latin, French, and English translations and the 1664 editions. Next, the authors examine the early reception of the work, from the connection of L'Homme to early-modern Dutch Cartesianism to Nicolas Steno's criticism of the work and how Descartes' clock analogy is used to defend two different conceptions of the articulation between anatomical observations and functional hypotheses. The book then goes on to explore L'Homme and early-modern anthropology as well as the how the work has been understood and incorporated into the works of scientists, physicians, and philosophers over the last 150 years. Overall, readers will discover how the trend over the last few decades to understand human cognition in neuro-physiological terms can be seen to be not something unprecedented, but rather a revival of a way of dealing with these fundamental questions that was pioneered by Descartes
    Abstract: General Introduction -- I. Editions and Translations of l’Homme -- The History of the Text of l’Homme -- A New Edition of l'Homme -- Why Read L'Homme in the 1664 Edition? -- Towards a Critical Edition of L'Homme. About Some Variants -- On English Editions and Translations -- II. The Early Reception of l’Homme -- The Early Dutch Reception of L'Homme -- The Reception of Treatise of Man in Naples: From Tommaso Cornelio to Giambattista Vico -- Cartesian Professors of Medicine in Leuven -- Machine and Communication. About Similar Behaviour of Corporal Machines from Descartes to La Forge -- Body Without Soul in La Forge Remarks on L'Homme -- The Position of Anthropology in Descartes' "Traité de la lumière" -- Anthropology and Anatomy. Nicolas Steno's Reading of L'Homme -- The Art of Cartesianism: The Illustrations of Clerselier's Edition of Descartes's Traité de l'homme (1664) -- III. L'Homme and Early-Modern Anthropology -- Hume's Treatise of Human Nature: A Question of Natural or Moral Philosophy? -- A Comparative Reading of Descartes' Traité de l'Homme and Spinoza's [Abrégé de Physique] -- Hobbes -- Enlightenment Criticisms of Descartes’ Anthropology -- IV. L’Homme Today -- L'Homme in Psychology and Neuroscience -- L'Homme in Biology, Medicine and Philosophy -- The Embodied Descartes: Contemporary Readings of L'Homme
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9783319223667
    Language: German , French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIII, 244 S. 11 Abb, online resource)
    Edition: 1. Aufl. 2016
    Series Statement: Veröffentlichungen des Instituts Wiener Kreis 22
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Wissenschaft und Praxis
    Keywords: Modern philosophy ; Philosophy and science ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Modern philosophy ; Philosophy and science ; Frankreich ; Österreich ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie ; Geschichte 1900-1950
    Abstract: TEIL I: WISSENSCHAFT UND PRAXIS -- A: Wissenschaftsphilosophie und Ethik -- Kapitel 1: Wiener Gefühle. Fragen der Ethik zwischen Schlick und Carnap; Massimo Ferrari -- Kapitel 2: Connaissance Théorique et Décision Pratique chez Carnap ; Pierre Wagner -- Kapitel 3: Schlick et l’Origine Pratique de la Connaissance ; Christian Bonnet -- B : Pragmatismus in der Wissenschaftsphilosophie -- Kapitel 4: La Justification Pragmatique des Conventions ; Jindřich Černý -- Kapitel 5: Morris’ Pariser Programm einer wissenschaftlichen Philosophie; Thomas Mormann -- C: Wissenschaftsphilosophie und Gesellschaftstheorie -- Kapitel 6: Le Marxisme de Neurath; Ronan de Calan -- Kapitel 7: Statistik und Einheit der Wissenschaften von Quetelets Physique Sociale zu Neuraths Soziologie im Physikalismus; Donata Romizi -- TEIL II: PARIS-WIEN: ELEMENTE ZUR REKONSTRUKTION EINER WENIG BEKANNTEN GESCHICHTE -- Kapitel 8: Ein kritischer Blick auf Neuraths Bildstatistik. Lucien Febvre über Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft; Elisabeth Nemeth -- Kapitel 9: Nationalismus und Internationalismus in der Philosophie. Wiener Kreis und offizielle deutsche Delegation auf den internationalen Philosophenkongressen 1934 in Prag und 1937 in Paris; Hans-Joachim Dahms -- Kapitel 10: Psychophysiological Parallelism: an Austro-French Tradition ; John Michael -- Kapitel 11: Philosophie de la Physique Moderne. Philipp Frank et Abel Rey; Matthias Neuber -- Kapitel 12: Marcel Boll et l’Introduction du Cercle de Vienne en France ; Peter Schöttler -- Kapitel 13: We Agree to Differ. Aux Sources du Différend Franco-analytique ; Frédéric Fruteau de Laclos -- Index.
    Abstract: Die Wissenschaftsphilosophie des frühen 20. Jahrhunderts ist reichhaltiger und differenzierter in ihren Standpunkten als lange vermutet. Die Autoren zeigen das anhand der nur teilweise erforschten Interaktion zwischen den Wissenschaftsphilosophen des deutschen und französischen Sprachraums. Das Buch liefert neue Erkenntnisse zur Rolle der Philosophiekongresse in Prag 1934 und Paris 1937 sowie zur Bedeutung einzelner Akteure wie Marcel Boll, der die Rezeption des Logischen Empirismus in Frankreich beförderte. Die Spuren, die Ernst Mach, aber auch der weniger bekannte deutsche Physiologe und Hirnforscher Ewald Hering in der französischen Wissenschaftsphilosophie hinterließen, verfolgen die Autoren bis hin zu den Ideen Jean Piagets. Im Mittelpunkt des Buchs stehen Philosophen aus Frankreich, Deutschland und Österreich und ihre Leistung, die Wissenschaften nicht nur erkenntnistheoretisch und logisch durchleuchtet, sondern auch erkannt zu haben, dass ihre theoretische Struktur nur dann vollständig erfasst werden kann, wenn ihre praktische Dimension mit einbezogen wird. Dafür steht Henri Poincaré, der die tragende Rolle der Konventionen für die Theoriebildung in der Mathematik herausstellte. Sichtbar wird der Bezug zur Praxis auch in Moritz Schlicks Überlegungen zu einer auf Empirie basierenden Ethik oder in der Arbeit Otto Neuraths, der eine aus den modernen Wissenschaften gewonnene Konzeption menschlichen Erkennens für das Projekt der gesellschaftlichen Aufklärung fruchtbar machen wollte.
    Description / Table of Contents: TEIL I: WISSENSCHAFT UND PRAXISA: Wissenschaftsphilosophie und Ethik -- Kapitel 1: Wiener Gefühle. Fragen der Ethik zwischen Schlick und Carnap; Massimo Ferrari -- Kapitel 2: Connaissance Théorique et Décision Pratique chez Carnap ; Pierre Wagner -- Kapitel 3: Schlick et l’Origine Pratique de la Connaissance ; Christian Bonnet -- B : Pragmatismus in der Wissenschaftsphilosophie -- Kapitel 4: La Justification Pragmatique des Conventions ; Jindřich  Černý -- Kapitel 5: Morris’ Pariser Programm einer wissenschaftlichen Philosophie; Thomas Mormann -- C: Wissenschaftsphilosophie und Gesellschaftstheorie -- Kapitel 6: Le Marxisme de Neurath; Ronan de Calan -- Kapitel 7: Statistik und Einheit der Wissenschaften von Quetelets Physique Sociale zu Neuraths Soziologie im Physikalismus; Donata Romizi -- TEIL II: PARIS-WIEN: ELEMENTE ZUR REKONSTRUKTION EINER WENIG BEKANNTEN GESCHICHTE -- Kapitel 8: Ein kritischer Blick auf Neuraths Bildstatistik. Lucien Febvre über Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft; Elisabeth Nemeth -- Kapitel 9: Nationalismus und Internationalismus in der Philosophie. Wiener Kreis und offizielle deutsche Delegation auf den internationalen Philosophenkongressen 1934 in Prag und 1937 in Paris; Hans-Joachim Dahms -- Kapitel 10: Psychophysiological Parallelism: an Austro-French Tradition ; John Michael -- Kapitel 11: Philosophie de la Physique Moderne. Philipp Frank et Abel Rey; Matthias Neuber -- Kapitel 12: Marcel Boll et l’Introduction du Cercle de Vienne en France ; Peter Schöttler -- Kapitel 13: We Agree to Differ. Aux Sources du Différend Franco-analytique ; Frédéric Fruteau de Laclos -- Index.  .
    Note: Beiträge teilweise in französischer Sprache
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9783319189024
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 268 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in Brain and Mind 8
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of mind
    Abstract: The author defends nonconceptualism, the claim that perceptual experience is nonconceptual and has nonconceptual content. Continuing the heated and complex debate surrounding this topic over the past two decades, she offers a sustained defense of a novel version of the view, Modest Nonconceptualism, and provides a systematic overview of some of the central controversies in the debate. The volume starts off with an explication of the notion of nonconceptual content and a distinction between nonconceptualist views of different strengths, then the author goes on to defend participants in the debate over nonconceptual content against the allegation that their failure to distinguish between a state view and a content view of (non)conceptualism leads to fatal problems for their views. Next, she makes a case for nonconceptualism by refining some of the central arguments for the view, such as the arguments from fineness of grain, from contradictory contents, from animal and infant perception, and from concept acquisition. Then, two central objections against nonconceptualism are rebutted in a novel way: the epistemological objection and the objection from objectivity. Modest Nonconceptualism allows for perceptual experiences to involve some conceptual elements. It emphasizes the relevance of concept employment for an understanding of conceptual and nonconceptual mental states and identifies the nonconceptual content of experience with scenario content. It insists on the possibility of genuine content-bearing perceptual experience without concept possession and is thus in line with the Autonomy Thesis. Finally, it includes an account of perceptual justification that relies on the external contents of experience and belief, yet is compatible with epistemological internalism
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Introduction2 Content, Concepts, Concept Possession -- 3 Nonconceptual Content -- 4 Arguments from Phenomenology -- 5 The Argument from Contradictory Contents -- 6 Arguments from Concept Possession -- 7 The Epistemological Objection -- 8 The Objection from Objectivity -- 9 Modest Nonconceptualism Vindicated.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9783319218700
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 219 p, online resource)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2015
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 315
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. New perspectives on technology, values, and ethics
    DDC: 501
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy and science ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy and science ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Technologie ; Ethik ; Wert ; Technologie ; Ethik ; Technikbewertung ; Technikphilosophie
    Abstract: This book focuses on a key issue today: the role of values in technology, with special emphasis on ethical values. This topic involves the analysis of internal values in technology (as they affect objectives, processes, and outcomes) and the study of external values in technology (social, cultural, economic, ecological, etc.). These values - internal and external - are crucial to the decision making of engineers. In addition, they have increasing relevance for citizens concerned with the present and future state of technology, which gives society a leading position in technological issues. The book follows three main lines of research: 1) new perspectives on technology, values, and ethics; 2) rationality and responsibility in technology; and 3) technology and risks. This volume analyzes the two main sides involved here: the theoretical basis for the role of values in technology and a practical discussion on how to implement them in our society. Thus, the book is of interest for philosophers, engineers, academics of different fields, and policy-makers. The style used lends itself to broad audience
    Description / Table of Contents: 1: New Perspectives on Technology, Values and Ethics: 2: On the Role of Values in the Configuration of Technology: From Axiology to Ethics3: Values in Engineering and Technology -- 4: The Value of the Results of Communication and Information Technology: Internal Values -- 5: Rationality and Responsibility in Technology: 6: Rationality in Technology and in Ethics - 7:Knowledge and Moral Responsibility for Online Technology -- 8: Technological Development and Values: Responsibility, Risk and Uncertainty- 9: Biotechnology, Ethics and Society: The Case of Genetic Manipulation -- 10: Technology and Risk: 11: Technological Risks and Ecological Values -- 12: Risk and Trust in Institutions that Regulate Technology: Challenges for a Socially Legitimate Risk Analysis -- 13: The Social Dimension of Technology: The Control of Chemical and Biological Weapons.
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9783319217321
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 202 p. 21 illus., 5 illus. in color, online resource)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2015
    Series Statement: Studies in the Philosophy of Sociality 5
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy and social sciences ; Artificial intelligence ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy and social sciences ; Artificial intelligence
    Abstract: This book offers a widely interdisciplinary approach to investigating important questions surrounding the cognitive foundations of group attitudes and social interaction. The volume tackles issues such as the relationship between individual and group attitudes, the cognitive bases of group identity and group identification, and the link between emotions and individual attitudes. This volume delves into the links between individual attitudes (such as beliefs, goals and intentions) and how they are reflected in shared attitudes where common belief, collective acceptance, joint intentions, and group preferences come into play. It pursues answers to the connections between trust and beliefs, goals and intentions and attempts to investigate questions such as: does trust have an affective component and how it may relate to hope and fear? The volume also scrutinizes game theory and questions whether it can satisfactorily explain and model social interaction and if there may be any concepts which are not addressed by the current theory. Contributors are derived from disciplines including philosophy, economics, psychology, logic, and computer science. Interdisciplinary in scope and comprehensive detail, this volume integrates a variety of approaches - philosophical, psychological and artificial intelligence - to strategic, normative and emotional aspects of social interaction
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 "On the philosophy and logic of help" Emanuele Bottazzi and Nicolas Troquard (Lab of Applied Ontology, ISTC-CNR, Trento, Italy)Chapter 2 "Healing social sciences’ psycho-phobia - Founding social action and structure on mental representations" Cristiano Castelfranchi (ISTC-CNR, Rome) -- Chapter 3 "Analytical decomposition of trust in terms of mental and social attitudes" Robert Demolombe (IRIT, Toulouse) -- Chapter 4 "On modal logics of group belief" Benoit Gaudou, Andreas Herzig, Dominique Longin and Emiliano Lorini (IRIT, Toulouse) -- Chapter 5 "Logic of promotion and demotion" Patrick Girard (The University of Auckland, NZ) -- Chapter 6 "On the attitude of trust - a formal characterization of trust, distrust, and associated notions" Andrew I.J. Jones (Dept. of Informatics, King’s College, London) -- Chapter 7 "The topology of common belief" David Pearce and Levan Uridia (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid; TSU Razmadze Mathematical Institute, Georgia) -- Chapter 8 "Social emotions from the perspective of the computational belief-desire theory of emotion" Rainer Reisenzein (Dept. of Psychology, University of Greifswald) -- Chapter 9 "Reasoning with Normative Systems" Giovanni Sartor (Dept. of Law, Eur. University Institute, Florence and Faculty of Law, Bologna) -- Chapter 10 "An agent based model of Camorra: comparing punishment and norm-based policies in contrasting illegal activities" -- Chapter 11 Barbara Sonzogni, Federico Cecconi, Giulia Andrighetti, Rosaria Conte (Dept. of Communication and Social Research at Sapienza University, Rome; Lab. of Agent-Based Simulation, ISTC-CNR, Rome; Eur. University Institute, Florence).   .
    Note: Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9783319193816
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 264 p, online resource)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2015
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 40
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: History ; Philosophy and science ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; History ; Philosophy and science ; Mandeville, Bernard de 1670-1733 ; Sozialphilosophie ; Sozialethik
    Abstract: This books brings together new studies on the thought of Bernard de Mandeville. The chapters reflect a rethinking of de Mandeville’s legacy and, together, present a comprehensive approach to de Mandeville’s work. The book is published on the occasion of the 300 years that have passed since the publication of the Fable of the Bees. Bernard de Mandeville disassembled the dichotomies of traditional moral thinking to show that the outcomes of the social action emerge as new, non-intentional effects from the combination of moral opposites, vice and virtue, in such a form that they lose their moral significance. The work of this great writer, philosopher and physician is interwoven with an awareness of the paradoxical nature of modern society and the challenges that this recognition brings to an adequate perspective on the historical world of modernity
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: “Men Become Sociable by Living Together in Society”: Re-assessing Mandeville’s Social Theory; Malcolm JackChapter 2: Bernard de Mandeville and the Shaping of Conjectural History; Frank Palmeri -- Chapter 3: Mandeville and the Eighteenth-Century Discussions about Luxury; Edmundo Balsemão Pires -- Chapter 4: Sex, Money, and Feelings: Mandeville’s Dialogue with Sentimental Drama; Laura J. Rosenthal -- Chapter 5: Humorism a Posteriori: Fables and Dialogues as a Method in Mandeville’s Thought; Alessandro Chiessi -- Chapter 6: Mandeville, Pope, and Apocalypse; Peter Knox-Shaw -- Chapter 7: The Fable of the Bees: proles sine matre? Béatrice Guion -- Chapter 8: Mandeville as a Skeptical and Medical Philosopher; Rui Bertrand Romão -- Chapter 9: Is Adam Smith Heir of Bernard Mandeville? Işıl Çeşmeli -- Chapter 10: Mandeville on Pride and Animal Nature; John J. Callanan -- Chapter 11: “Remarks upon that wonderful chapter”: The Controversy on Luxury between Mandeville and Dennis; Matteo Revolti -- Chapter 12: Mandeville and the Therapeutics of Melancholic Passions; Cláudio Alexandre S. Carvalho -- Chapter 13: Mandeville’s Letter to Dion (1732) as an Answer to Berkeley’s Alciphron (1732); Mikko Tolonen -- Chapter 14: Mandeville and the Markets: An Economic Assessment; Rogério Arthmar -- Chapter 15: Courage and Chastity in a Commercial Society: Mandeville's Point on Male and Female Honour; Andrea Branchi -- Chapter 16: Mandeville and Smith on the Problem of Moral Order; Luís Oliveira -- Chapter 17: Atheism, Religion and Society in Mandeville's Thought; Mauro Simonazzi -- Chapter 18: Simulation and Dissimulation: Mandeville's Satirical View of Commercial Society; Joaquim Braga.
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9783319155159
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 311 p. 14 illus., 9 illus. in color, online resource)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2015
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 122
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Collective Agency and Cooperation in Natural and Artificial Systems (Veranstaltung : 2013 : Stuttgart) Collective agency and cooperation in natural and artificial systems
    Keywords: Philosophy of mind ; Artificial intelligence ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Artificial intelligence ; Artificial intelligence Philosophy ; Human-computer interaction Philosophy ; Konferenzschrift ; Kooperatives Verhalten ; Mensch-Maschine-Kommunikation
    Abstract: This book brings together philosophical approaches to cooperation and collective agency with research into human-machine interaction and cooperation from engineering, robotics, computer science and AI. Bringing these so far largely unrelated fields of study together leads to a better understanding of collective agency in natural and artificial systems and will help to improve the design and performance of hybrid systems involving human and artificial agents. Modeling collective agency with the help of computer simulations promises also philosophical insights into the emergence of collective agency. The volume consists of four sections. The first section is dedicated to the concept of agency. The second section of the book turns to human-machine cooperation. The focus of the third section is the transition from cooperation to collective agency. The last section concerns the explanatory value of social simulations of collective agency in the broader framework of cultural evolution
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I: Concepts of AgencyCollective Agency and Cooperation in Natural and Artificial Systems.-Cooperation with Robots? A Two-dimensional Approach -- The Participatory Turn - A Multidimensional Gradual Agency Concept for Human and Non-human Actors -- Part II: Human-machine Cooperation -- Embodied Cooperative Systems: From Tool to Partnership -- Historical, Cultural, and Aesthetic Aspects of the Uncanny Valley -- Ethical Implications Regarding Assistive Technology at Workplaces -- Some Sceptical Remarks Regarding Robot Responsibility and a Way Forward -- Part III: Collective Agency -- Planning for Collective Agency -- An Account of Boeschian Cooperative Behavior -- Choosing Appropriate Paradigmatic Examples for Understanding Collective Agency -- Can Artificial Systems be Part of a Collective Action? -- Is Collective Agency a Coherent Idea? Considerations from the Enactive Theory of Agency -- Part IV: Simulating Collective Agency and Cooperation -- Simulation as Research Method: Modeling Social Interactions in Management Science -- How Models Fail? A Critical Look at the History of Computer Simulations of Evolution in Cooperation -- Artificial Intelligence and Pro-social Behavior.
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9783319136059
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 342 p. 20 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 79
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Psychoanalysis ; Applied psychology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Psychoanalysis ; Applied psychology ; Psychotherapie ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 ; Phänomenologie
    Abstract: This book takes Edmund Husserl’s phenomenology and applies it to help psychotherapy practitioners formulate complex psychological problems. The reader will learn about Husserl’s system of understanding and its concepts that point to first-person lived experience, and about the work of Husserl scholars who have developed a way to be precise about the experiences that clients have. Through exploring the connection between academic philosophy of consciousness and mental health, themes of biopsychosocial treatment planning, psychopathology of personality and psychological disorders, and the treatment of complex psychological problems become clear. The author shows that Husserlian phenomenology can be used in the design of interventions for clients in a process called formulation. Once the intentionality of consciousness is understood, by asking simple questions, it becomes possible to define problematic experiences. This is a means of creating informed consent for treatment and it makes it clear to clients what is happening for them, so helping them understand themselves and how they see the world. We also see how Husserl’s phenomenology is a vehicle for psychotherapists to present their knowledge about the research literature of what has been found to be effective care. This volume applies the concepts and practices of phenomenology in a concrete way, relating them to the practice of therapy and showing the value of a qualitative approach to understanding mental processes and the nature of human beings as motivated by values, meanings and other conscious experiences. This is a readable text in simple language that condenses key aspects of Husserl’s thinking in relation to the theory and practice of psychotherapy, and it is suitable for philosophers and practitioners of psychology, psychiatry, and the psychotherapies, including psychoanalysis
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface1 Introduction: The naturalistic attitude cannot grasp meaning for consciousness -- Part I: Defining phenomenology and pure psychology -- 2 Phenomenology and meaning for consciousness -- 3 Two interpretative positions in phenomenology -- 4 The reflective method of the pure psychology of consciousness -- 5 Concluding on the ideals of the things themselves -- Part II: The findings on meaning for consciousness -- 6 Concluding on biopsychosocial essences -- 7 The being of consciousness -- 8 The pure psychology of meaning -- 9 Consciousness in its habitat of other consciousness -- Part III: Applying pure psychology to psychotherapy and mental health care -- 10 Formulations of intentionality -- 11 On meta-representation: The theoretical and practical consequences of intentionality -- 12 Two telling examples about belief and time -- 13 A formulation of the ego and its context -- 14 Formulating syndromes -- 15 On being unable to control variables in intersubjectivity -- 16 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Name index -- Subject index.
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  • 24
    ISBN: 9783319230153
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 391 p. 46 illus., 2 illus. in color, online resource)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2015
    Series Statement: European Studies in Philosophy of Science 1
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy and science ; Mathematical logic ; Physics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy and science ; Mathematical logic ; Physics ; Konferenzschrift
    Abstract: This volume showcases the best of recent research in the philosophy of science. A compilation of papers presented at the EPSA 13, it explores a broad distribution of topics such as causation, truthlikeness, scientific representation, gender-specific medicine, laws of nature, science funding and the wisdom of crowds. Papers are organised into headings which form the structure of the book. Readers will find that it covers several major fields within the philosophy of science, from general philosophy of science to the more specific philosophy of physics, philosophy of chemistry, philosophy of the life sciences, philosophy of psychology, and philosophy of the social sciences and humanities, amongst others. This volume provides an excellent overview of the state of the art in the philosophy of science, as practiced in different European countries and beyond. It will appeal to researchers with an interest in the philosophical underpinnings of their own discipline, and to philosophers who wish to explore the latest work on the themes explored
    Description / Table of Contents: PrefacePart I. Truth and Semantics -- Chapter 1. Coherence and (Likeness to) Truth; Michael Schippers -- Chapter 2.    A Verisimilitudinarian Rebuttal of a Recent Attack Against Realism; Luca Tambolo -- Chapter 3. Realistic Claims in Logical Empiricism; Matthias Neuber -- Chapter 4. Patchworks of Laws and Partial Structures; Holger Andreas -- Part II.  Social Epistemology, Rational Choice Theory and Public Policy -- Chapter 5. Social Epistemology, Debate Dynamics, and Truth Approximation; Gustavo Cevolani -- Chapter 6. Wise Crowds, Clever Meta-Inductivists; Paul Thorn -- Chapter 7. Is the Equal-Weight View Really Supported by Positive Crowd Effects?; Christian Feldbacher -- Chapter 8. Why the Realist-Instrumentalist Debate About Rational Choice Rests On A Mistake; Christine Tiefensee -- Chapter 9. Funding Science By Lottery; Shahar Avin -- Part III. Values in Science -- Chapter 10.  Researchers Building Nations: Under What Conditions Can Overtly Political Research Be & Objective?; Inkeri Koskinen -- Chapter 11.  Against the Agnosticism-Argument for Value-Freedom; Anke Bueter -- Part IV. Causality -- Chapter 12. Learning About Constitutive Relations; Lena Kaestner -- Chapter 13. Reconstituting Phenomena; Maria Kronfelder -- Chapter 14. Manipulating Spins: Causality and Decoherence; Fernanda Samaniego -- Part V. Philosophy of Physics and Chemistry -- Chapter 15. How Fundamental Physics Represents Causality; Andreas Bartels and Daniel Wohlfarth -- Chapter 16. Local Causality and Complete Specification: A Reply to Seevinck and Uffink; Gábor Hofer-Szabó -- Chapter 17. Pragmatists and Purists on CPT Invariance in Relativistic Quantum Field Theories; Jonathan Bain -- Chapter 18. Explanation in Quantum Chemistry; Carsten Seck -- Chapter 19. Are Chemical Kinds Natural Kinds?; Robin Hendry.- Part VI. Induction, Probability and Chaos -- Chapter 20. Why Bertrand's Paradox Is Not Paradoxical But Is Felt So; Zalan Gyenis and Miklos  Redei -- Chapter 21.  Revisiting Smale's Fourteenth Problem to Discover Two Definitions of Chaos; Lena Zuchowski -- Chapter 22.  Rudolf Carnap: Philosophy of Science as Engineering Explications; Christopher French -- Chapter 23. Robustness, Diversity of Evidence, and Probabilistic Independence; Jonah Schupbach.-Part VII. Fiction, Representation and Explanation -- Chapter 24. Why does Water Boil? Fictions in Scientific Explanation; Sorin Bangu -- Chapter 25. Scientific Representation, Denotation, and Fictional Entities; Mauricio Suárez -- Part VIII. Philosophy of the Life Sciences and of Psychology -- Chapter 26. Non Inferiority Drug Trials and the Trade-Offs in RCTs; Cecilia Nardini -- Chapter 27. Against Sex and Gender Dualism in Gender-Specific Medicine; Maria Christina Amoretti and Nicla Vassalo -- Chapter 28. Biological Essentialism Concerning the Species Category; Edit Talpsepp -- Chapter 29. Two Concepts of Emotional Expression; Trip Glazer.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9783319190631
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 99 p. 26 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Philosophy
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    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Clerbout, Nicolas Linking game-theoretical approaches with constructive type theory
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Computer science ; Mathematics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Computer science ; Mathematics ; Computer science ; Logic ; Mathematics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logik
    Abstract: This title links two of the most dominant research streams in philosophy of logic, namely game theory and proof theory. As the work’s subtitle expresses, the authors will build this link by means of the dialogical approach to logic. One important aspect of the present study is that the authors restrict themselves to the logically valid fragment of Constructive Type Theory (CTT). The reason is that, once that fragment is achieved the result can be extended to cover the whole CTT system. The first chapters in the brief offer overviews on the two frameworks discussed in the book with an emphasis on the dialogical framework. The third chapter demonstrates the left-to-right direction of the equivalence result. This is followed by a chapter that demonstrates the use of the algorithm in showing how to transform a specific winning strategy into a CCT-demonstration of the axiom of choice. The fifth chapter develops the algorithm from CTT-demonstrations to dialogical strategies. This brief concludes by introducing elements of discussion which are to be developed in subsequent work
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Brief Reminder of Constructive Type TheoryChapter 2. Dialogues with Play-Objects -- Chapter 3. From dialogical strategies to CTT demonstrations -- Chapter 4. The dialogical take on the Axiom of Choice, and its translation into CTT -- Chapter 5. Building a winning P-strategy out of a CTT demonstration -- Chapter 6. Conclusions and Work in Progress.  .
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9783319140902
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 264 p. 40 illus., 8 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 81
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    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Investigations into the phenomenology and the ontology of the work of art
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Consciousness ; Aesthetics ; Phenomenology ; Cognitive psychology. ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Ästhetik ; Ästhetische Wahrnehmung
    Abstract: This book investigates the nature of aesthetic experience and aesthetic objects. Written by leading philosophers, psychologists, literary scholars and semioticians, the book addresses two intertwined issues. The first is related to the phenomenology of aesthetic experience: The understanding of how human beings respond to artworks, how we process linguistic or visual information, and what properties in artworks trigger aesthetic experiences. The examination of the properties of aesthetic experience reveals essential aspects of our perceptual, cognitive, and semiotic capacities. The second issue studied in this volume is related to the ontology of the work of art: Written or visual artworks are a specific type of objects, containing particular kinds of representation which elicit a particular kind of experience. The research question explored is: What properties in artful objects trigger this type of experience, and what characterizes representation in written and visual artworks? The volume sets the scene for state-of-the-art inquiries in the intersection between the psychology and ontology of art. The investigations of the relation between the properties of artworks and the characteristics of aesthetic experience increase our insight into what art is. In addition, they shed light on essential properties of human meaning-making in general
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9783319195124
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 185 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics 22
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    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Phenomenology ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Social sciences Methodology ; Consciousness ; Philosophy
    Abstract: Unlike psychologistic paradigms, the non-atomistic variant of methodological individualism discussed in this book explains society in terms of complex emergent structures that unintentionally result from human actions, and that in turn influence those actions. Friedrich Hayek is an emblematic representative of this approach, the origins of which date back to the Scottish Enlightenment. One of Hayek’s most original - but also less well-known - contributions is his linking of this non-atomistic methodological individualism to a cognitive psychology centered on the idea that mind is both an interpretative device and a self-organizing system. This book uses Hayek’s reflections on mind as a starting point to investigate the concept of action from the standpoint of non-atomistic methodological individualism, and it explores the connections between Hayek’s cognitive psychology and approaches employed in various fields, such as phenomenology, hermeneutics, enactivism, neo-Weberian sociology and fallibilism. Focusing on the interpretative foundations of social life, the book conceives action as a product of the human mind’s cognitive autonomy, i.e. of its hermeneutic skills that are influenced by historical and socio-cultural factors. “Di Iorio offers a new approach to Hayek’s Sensory Order, linking neuroscience to the old Verstehen tradition and to contemporary theories of self-organizing systems; this should be on the reading list of everyone who is interested in Hayek’s thought.” Barry Smith, University at Buffalo, editor of The Monist
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer
    ISBN: 9783319175966
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 275 p. 123 illus., 63 illus. in color, online resource)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2015
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This book systematically creates a general descriptive theory of scientific change that explains the mechanics of changes in both scientific theories and the methods of their assessment. It was once believed that, while scientific theories change through time, their change itself is governed by a fixed method of science. Nowadays we know that there is no such thing as an unchangeable method of science; the criteria employed by scientists in theory evaluation also change through time. But if that is so, how and why do theories and methods change? Are there any general laws that govern this process, or is the choice of theories and methods completely arbitrary and random? Contrary to the widespread opinion, the book argues that scientific change is indeed a law-governed process and that there can be a general descriptive theory of scientific change. It does so by first presenting meta-theoretical issues, divided into chapters on the scope, possibility and assessment of theory of scientific change. It then builds a theory about the general laws that govern the process of scientific change, and goes into detail about the axioms and theorems of the theory
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9783319104348
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 336 p. 27 illus., 10 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 308
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    Parallel Title: Druckausg. From logic to practice
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Mathematik ; Philosophie ; Mathematik ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Logik
    Abstract: This book brings together young researchers from a variety of fields within mathematics, philosophy and logic. It discusses questions that arise in their work, as well as themes and reactions that appear to be similar in different contexts. The book shows that a fairly intensive activity in the philosophy of mathematics is underway, due on the one hand to the disillusionment with respect to traditional answers, on the other to exciting new features of present day mathematics. The book explains how the problem of applicability once again plays a central role in the development of mathematics. It examines how new languages different from the logical ones (mostly figural), are recognized as valid and experimented with and how unifying concepts (structure, category, set) are in competition for those who look at this form of unification. It further shows that traditional philosophies, such as constructivism, while still lively, are no longer only philosophies, but guidelines for research. Finally, the book demonstrates that the search for and validation of new axioms is analyzed with a blend of mathematical historical, philosophical, psychological considerations
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  • 30
    ISBN: 9783319020181
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 215 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 72
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Phenomenology in a new key: Between analysis and history
    Keywords: Modern philosophy ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Phänomenologie
    Abstract: In this collection of essays, the sophistication and vibrancy of contemporary phenomenological research is documented, including both its engagement with key figures in the history of philosophy, and with critical problems defining future directions of philosophical investigations. It honors the writings of Richard Cobb-Stevens, whose work in phenomenological philosophy, analytic philosophy and the history of philosophy has served as model for generations of philosophers working between these three fields of research. The essays collected in this volume provide a unique window on the contemporary state of the art in phenomenological philosophy by leading scholars of international reputation from North America and Europe. Historical figures such as Aristotle and Hobbes are innovatively brought into dialogue with phenomenological thinking. Phenomenological thinking is brought to bear on a wide variety of problems, from the nature of artworks and photography to questions concerning consciousness and knowledge. Among the topics discussed in these specially commissioned essays: phenomenology and Aristotle; the nature of the primal ego; Hobbes and Husserl; intentionality and reference; Neo-Aristotelian ethics; Husserl and Wittgenstein; photography; the nature of artworks
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  • 31
    ISBN: 9783319098289
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 223 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 76
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    Parallel Title: Druckausg. The phenomenological critique of mathematisation and the question of responsibility
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Ethics ; Genetic epistemology ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 ; Naturwissenschaften ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie ; Phänomenologie
    Abstract: This edited collection discusses phenomenological critiques of formalism and their relevance to the problem of responsibility and the life-world. The authors deal with themes of formalisation of knowledge in connection to the life-world, the natural world, the history of science and our responsibility for both our epistemic claims and the world in which we live. Readers will discover critiques of formalisation, the life-world and responsibility, and a collation and comparison of Patočka’s and Husserl’s work on these themes. Considerable literature on Husserl is presented here and the two themes of epistemic responsibility and the life-world are discussed together. This work specifically emphasises the interrelatedness of these existential aspects of his work - self-responsibility and the crisis - as not only epistemological, but also related to human life. This volume also introduces Jan Patočka to English-speaking readers as a phenomenologist in his own right. Patočka shows us, in particular, the significance of the modern abyss between our thinking and the world. Readers will discover that this abyss is of concern for our everyday experience because it leads to a rupture in our understanding of the world: between the world of our living and its scientific construct. We see that Patočka continually emphasised the relevance of Husserl’s work to existential questions relating to human responsibility and the life-world, which he admits is left largely implicit in Husserl’s work. This edited collection will spark discussion on the question of responsibility against the backdrop of formalised knowledge which is increasingly inaccessible to human understanding. Despite the complexity of some of the analysed ideas, the authors discuss these themes in a clear and readable way. This work is scholarly, exact in its discussion and authoritative in its reading, but at the same time accessible to anyone motivated to understand these debates
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9783319163697
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 337 p. 7 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Science Between Truth and Ethical Responsibility
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ethics ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This book offers the most complete and up-to-date overview of the philosophical work of Evandro Agazzi, presently the most important Italian philosopher of science, and one of the most influential in the world. Scholars from seven countries explore his contributions in areas ranging from philosophy of physics and general philosophy of science to bioethics, philosophy of mathematics and logic, epistemology of the social sciences and history of science, philosophy of language and artificial intelligence, education and anthropology, metaphysics, and philosophy of religion. Agazzi developed a complete and coherent philosophical system, anticipating some of the turns in the philosophy of science after the crisis of logical empiricism and exerting an equal influence on continental hermeneutic philosophy. His work is characterized by an original synthesis of contemporary analytic philosophy, phenomenology, and classical philosophy, including the scholastic tradition, and these threads are reflected in the different backgrounds of the contributors to this book. While upholding the epistemological value of science against scepticism and relativism, Agazzi eschews scientism by stressing the equal importance of non-scientific forms of thought, such as metaphysics and religion. While defending the freedom of research as a cognitive enterprise, he argues that as a human and social practice it must nonetheless respect ethical constraints
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9783319186481
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 212 p, online resource)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2015
    Series Statement: Contributions to Hermeneutics 1
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Thaning, Morten Sørensen, 1975 - The problem of objectivity in Gadamer's hermeneutics in light of McDowell's empiricism
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy ; Gadamer, Hans-Georg 1900-2002 ; Hermeneutik ; Objektivität ; McDowell, John Henry 1942- ; Empirismus ; Gadamer, Hans-Georg 1900-2002 ; Hermeneutik ; Objektivität ; McDowell, John Henry 1942- ; Empirismus
    Abstract: This book reassesses Gadamer’s hermeneutics by bringing it into a dialogue with John McDowell’s minimal empiricism. It employs the resources of McDowell’s minimal empiricism to address the transcendental and ontological presuppositions for objective experience and understanding, while retaining Gadamer’s emphasis on the historicity of understanding. By means of the dialogue with McDowell, the book develops a hermeneutical conception of objectivity and perceptual experience, which also entails reinterpretations of Gadamer’s notions of tradition, practical wisdom and meaning. The book explores the philosophical space beyond the analytic-Continental divide and demonstrates that hermeneutics is not limited to a reflection on understanding as it is practiced in the human sciences, but can be revived as a distinct and cogent philosophical approach with a transcendental and ontological dimension
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9783319198996
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 152 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in German Idealism 17
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    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Philosophy, classical ; Humanities ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This book presents a solution to the problem known in philosophical aesthetics as the paradox of ugliness, namely, how an object that is displeasing can retain our attention and be greatly appreciated. It does this by exploring and refining the most sophisticated and thoroughly worked out theoretical framework of philosophical aesthetics, Kant’s theory of taste, which was put forward in part one of the Critique of the Power of Judgment. The book explores the possibility of incorporating ugliness, a negative aesthetic concept, into the overall Kantian aesthetic picture. It addresses a debate of the last two decades over whether Kant's aesthetics should allow for a pure aesthetic judgment of ugliness. The book critically reviews the main interpretations of Kant’s central notion of the free play of imagination and understanding, and offers a new interpretation of free play, one that allows for the possibility of a disharmonious state of mind and ugliness. In addition, the book also applies an interpretation of ugliness in Kant’s aesthetics to resolve certain issues that have been raised in contemporary aesthetics, namely the possibility of appreciating artistic and natural ugliness and the role of disgust in artistic representation. Offering a theoretical and practical analysis of different kinds of negative aesthetic experiences, this book will help readers acquire a better understanding of his or her own evaluative processes, which may be helpful in coping with complex aesthetic experiences. Readers will gain unique insight into how ugliness can be offensive, yet, at the same time, fascinating, interesting and captivating.
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  • 35
    ISBN: 9783319176239
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 94 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics 18
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    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Määttänen, Pentti Mind in action
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Artificial intelligence ; Consciousness ; Philosophy
    Abstract: The book questions two key dichotomies: that of the apparent and real, and that of the internal and external. This leads to revised notions of the structure of experience and the object of knowledge. Our world is experienced as possibilities of action, and to know is to know what to do. A further consequence is that the mind is best considered as a property of organisms’ interactions with their environment. The unit of analysis is the loop of action and perception, and the central concept is the notion of habit of action, which provides the embodied basis of cognition as the anticipation of action. This holds for non-linguistic tacit meanings as well as for linguistic meanings. Habit of action is a teleological notion and thus opens a possibility for defining intentionality and normativity in terms of the soft naturalism adopted in the book. The mind is embodied, and this embodiment determines our physical perspective on the world. Our sensory organs and other instruments give us instrumental access to the world, and this access is epistemic in character. The distinction between the physical and conceptual viewpoint allows us to define truth as the correspondence with operational fit. This embodied epistemic truth is however not a sign of antirealism, as the instrumentally accessed theoretical objects are precisely those objects that experimental science deals with.
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9783319160214
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 270 p. 34 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning, Interdisciplinary Perspectives from the Humanities and Social Sciences 7
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    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Past and present interactions in legal reasoning and logic
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Philosophy of law ; Applied linguistics ; Philosophy ; Applied linguistics ; Logic ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law
    Abstract: This volume explores the relation between legal reasoning and logic from both a historical and a systematic perspective. The topics addressed include, among others, conditional legal acts, disjunctions in legal acts, presumptions and conjectures, conflicts of values, Jørgensen´s Dilemma, the Rhetor´s Dilemma, the theory of legal fictions, and the categorization of contracts. The unifying problematic of these contributions concerns the conditional structures and, more particularly, the relationship between legal theory and legal reasoning in the context of conditions. The contributions in this work constitute the first results of the ANR-DFG joint research project “JuriLog” (Jurisprudence and Logic), which aims at fostering the cooperation between legal scholars and philosophers. On the one hand, lawyers and legal scholars have an interest in emphasizing the logical character of legal reasoning. In this respect, the present enquiry examines the question of how logic, especially newer forms of dialogical logic, can be made fruitful as a significant area of philosophy for jurisprudence and legal practice. On the other hand, logicians find in legal reasoning a striving towards clear definitions and inference-procedures that is relevant to their discipline. In order to fully understand such reciprocal relationships, it is necessary to bridge the gap between law, logic and philosophy in contemporary academic research. The essays collected in this volume all work towards this common goal. The book is divided in three sections. In the first part, the strong relation between Roman Law and logic is explored with respect to the analysis of disjunctive statements in legal acts. The second part focuses on Leibniz´s legal theory. The third part, finally, is dedicated to current interactions between law and logic
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  • 37
    ISBN: 9783319133836
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 199 p. 8 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 311
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Ethics ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy
    Abstract: In 1962, the publication of Thomas Kuhn’s Structure ‘revolutionized’ the way one conducts philosophical and historical studies of science. Through the introduction of both memorable and controversial notions, such as paradigms, scientific revolutions, and incommensurability, Kuhn argued against the traditionally accepted notion of scientific change as a progression towards the truth about nature, and instead substituted the idea that science is a puzzle solving activity, operating under paradigms, which become discarded after it fails to respond accordingly to anomalous challenges and a rival paradigm. Kuhn’s Structure has sold over 1.4 million copies and the Times Literary Supplement named it one of the “Hundred Most Influential Books since the Second World War.” Now, fifty years after this groundbreaking work was published, this volume offers a timely reappraisal of the legacy of Kuhn’s book and an investigation into what Structure offers philosophical, historical, and sociological studies of science in the future
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9783319161723
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXIV, 416 p. 18 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Philosophy of Engineering and Technology 21
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    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Engineering education and practice in context ; volume 2: Engineering identities, epistemologies and values
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ethics ; Technology Philosophy ; Engineering design ; Philosophy ; Technik ; Ausbildung ; Philosophie
    Abstract: This second companion volume on engineering studies considers engineering practice including contextual analyses of engineering identity, epistemologies, and values. Key overlapping questions examine such issues as an engineering identity, engineering self-understandings enacted in the professional world, distinctive characters of engineering knowledge, and how engineering science and engineering design interact in practice. Authors bring with them perspectives from their institutional homes in Europe, North America, Australia, and Asia. The volume includes 24 contributions by more than 30 authors from engineering, the social sciences, and the humanities. Additional issues the chapters scrutinize include prominent norms of engineering, how they interact with the values of efficiency or environmental sustainability. A concluding set of articles considers the meaning of context more generally by asking if engineers create their own contexts or are they created by contexts. Taken as a whole, this collection of original scholarly work is unique in its broad, multidisciplinary consideration of the changing character of engineering practice
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  • 39
    Online Resource
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    Cham : Springer
    ISBN: 9783319180755
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXII, 434 p. 24 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 360
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    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This book explores the thought of Alexius Meinong, a philosopher known for his unconventional theory of reference and predication. The chapters cover a natural progression of topics, beginning with the origins of Gegenstandstheorie, Meinong’s theory of objects, and his discovery of assumptions as a fourth category of mental states to supplement his teacher Franz Brentano’s references to presentations, feelings, and judgments. The chapters explore further the meaning and metaphysics of fictional and other nonexistent intended objects, fine points in Meinongian object theory are considered and new and previously unanticipated problems are addressed. The author traces being and non-being, and aspects of beingless objects including objects in fiction, ideal objects in scientific theory, objects ostensibly referred to in false science and false history, and intentional imaginative projection of future states of affairs. The chapters focus on an essential choice of conceptual, logical, semantic, ontic and more generally metaphysical problems, and an argument is progressively developed from the first to the final chapter, as key ideas are introduced and refined. Meinong studies have come a long way from Bertrand Russell’s off-target criticisms, and recent times have seen a rise of interest in a Meinongian approach to logic and the theory of meaning. New thinkers see Meinong as a bridge figure between analytic and continental thought, thanks to the need for an adequate semantics of meaning in philosophy of language and philosophy of mind, making this book a particularly timely publication
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9783319166223
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVI, 381 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 83
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Theodorou, Panos Husserl and Heidegger on reduction, primordiality, and the categorial
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 ; Reduktion ; Heidegger, Martin 1889-1976 ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 ; Reduktion ; Heidegger, Martin 1889-1976
    Abstract: This book deals with foundational issues in Phenomenology as they arise in the smoldering but tense dispute between Husserl and Heidegger, which culminates in the late 1920s. The work focuses on three key issues around which a constellation of other important problems revolves. More specifically, it elucidates the phenomenological method of the reductions, the identity and content of primordial givenness, and the meaning and character of categorial intuition. The text interrogates how Husserl and Heidegger understand these points, and clarifies the precise nature of their disagreements. The book thus sheds light on the meaning of intentionality and of its foundation on pre-objective time, on the sense of the phenomenological a priori, on intentional constitution, on the relatedness between intentionality and world, and on Heidegger’s debt to Husserl’s categorial intuition in formulating the question regarding Being/Nothing. The author revisits these fundamental issues in order to suggest a general intra-phenomenological settlement, and to do justice to the corresponding contributions of these two central figures in phenomenological philosophy. He also indicates a way of reconciling and interweaving some of their views in order to free Phenomenology from its inner divisions and limitations, enabling it to move forward. Phenomenology can re-examine itself, its obligations, and its possibilities, and this can be of benefit to contemporary philosophy, especially with regard to problems concerning consciousness, intentionality, experience, and human existence and praxis within a historical world in crisis. This book is ideally suited to students and scholars of Husserl and Heidegger, to philosophers of mind, consciousness and cognition, and to anyone with a serious interest in Phenomenology
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9783319226538
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 100 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2015
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Ethics
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Garasic, Mirko Daniel Guantanamo and other cases of enforced medical treatment
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Neurosciences ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Public health laws ; Philosophy ; Biopolitik ; Ethik
    Abstract: This volume presents a number of controversial cases of enforced medical treatment from around the globe, providing for the first time a common, biopolitcal framework for all of them. Bringing together all these real cases guarantees that a new, more complete understanding of the topic will be within grasp for readers unacquainted with the aspects involved in these cases. On the one hand, readers interested mainly in the legal and medical dimensions of cases like those considered will benefit from the explanation of the biopolitical framework within which each case develops. On the other hand, those focusing on only one of the situations presented here will find the parallels between the cases an interesting expansion of the complexity of the problem. Despite the book's ambitious goal, for those willing to use it as supplemental material or interested in only one of the cases, the chapters can function as self-standing pieces to be read separately. This volume will be a valuable tool for both academics and professionals. Bioethicists in both the analytic and continental traditions, will find the book interesting for not only the specific concepts and issues considered, but also for its constructive bridging of the two schools of thought. In addition to philosophers, the structure of this work will also appeal to lawyers, doctors, human rights activists, and anyone concerned in the most disparate way with real-life cases of enforced medical treatment
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  • 42
    ISBN: 9783319156637
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 184 p. 6 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 120
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Alfieri, Francesco, 1976 - The presence of Duns Scotus in the thought of Edith Stein
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    Keywords: Duns Scotus, John approximately 1266-1308 Influence ; Stein, Edith 1891-1942 ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, medieval ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Individuality ; Philosophical anthropology ; Johannes Duns Scotus 1266-1308 ; Individuation ; Rezeption ; Stein, Edith Heilige 1891-1942 ; Johannes Duns Scotus 1266-1308 ; Rezeption ; Stein, Edith Heilige 1891-1942 ; Individuation
    Abstract: This book examines the phenomenological anthropology of Edith Stein. It specifically focuses on the question which Stein addressed in her work Finite and Eternal Being: What is the foundational principle that makes the individual unique and unrepeatable within the human species? Traditional analyses of Edith Stein’s writings have tended to frame her views on this issue as being influenced by Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas, while neglecting her interest in the lesser-known figure of Duns Scotus. Yet, as this book shows, with regard to the question of individuality, Stein was critical of Aquinas’ approach, finding that of Duns Scotus to be more convincing. In order to get to the heart of Stein’s readings of Duns Scotus, this book looks at her published writings and her personal correspondence, in addition to conducting a meticulous analysis of the original codexes on which her sources were based. Written with diligence and flair, the book critically evaluates the authenticity of Stein’s sources and shows how the position of Scotus himself evolved. It highlights the originality of Stein’s contribution, which was to rediscover the relevance of Mediaeval scholastic thought and reinterpret it in the language of the Phenomenological school founded by Edmund Husserl
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  • 43
    ISBN: 9783319183626
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 526 p. 7 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 373
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Quantifiers, quantifiers, and quantifiers: themes in logic, metaphysics, and language
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Semantics ; Philosophy ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Semantics ; Quantor
    Abstract: This volume covers a wide range of topics that fall under the 'philosophy of quantifiers', a philosophy that spans across multiple areas such as logic, metaphysics, epistemology, and even the history of philosophy. It discusses the import of quantifier variance in the model theory of mathematics. It advances an argument for the uniqueness of quantifier meaning in terms of Evert Beth’s notion of implicit definition, and clarifies the oldest explicit formulation of quantifier variance: the one proposed by Rudolf Carnap. The volume further examines what it means that a quantifier can have multiple meanings, and addresses how existential vagueness can induce vagueness in our modal notions. Finally, the book explores the role played by quantifiers with respect to various kinds of semantic paradoxes, the logicality issue, ontological commitment, and the behavior of quantifiers in intensional contexts
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9783319173740
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 220 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in Brain and Mind 7
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Content and consciousness revisited
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of mind ; Neurobiology ; Consciousness ; Philosophy ; Rezeption ; Dennett, D. C. 1942- Content and consciousness ; Rezeption
    Abstract: What are the grounds for the distinction between the mental and the physical? What is it the relation between ascribing mental states to an organism and understanding its behavior? Are animals and complex systems vehicles of inner evolutionary environments? Is there a difference between personal and sub-personal level processes in the brain? Answers to these and other questions were developed in Daniel Dennett’s first book, Content and Consciousness (1969), where he sketched a unified theoretical framework for views that are now considered foundational in cognitive science and philosophy of mind. Content and Consciousness Revisited is devoted to reconsider the ideas and ideals introduced in Dennett’s seminal book, by covering its fundamental concepts, hypotheses and approaches, and taking into account the findings and progress which have taken place during more than four decades. This book includes original and critical contributions about the relations between science and philosophy, the personal/sub-personal level distinction, intelligence, learning, intentionality, rationality, propositional attitudes, among other issues of scientific and philosophical interest. Each chapter embraces an updated approach to several disciplines, like cognitive science, cognitive psychology, philosophy of mind, and cognitive psychiatry
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9783319135878
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 443 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 77
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.: History as a science and the system of the sciences
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Phenomenology ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Wissenschaftsgeschichte
    Abstract: This volume goes beyond presently available phenomenological analyses based on the structures and constitution of the lifeworld. It shows how the science of history is the mediator between the human and the natural sciences. It demonstrates that the distinction between interpretation and explanation does not imply a strict separation of the natural and the human sciences. Finally, it shows that the natural sciences and technology are inseparable, but that technology is one-sidedly founded in pre-scientific encounters with reality in the lifeworld. In positivism the natural sciences are sciences because they offer causal explanations testable in experiments and the humanities are human sciences only if they use methods of the natural sciences. For epistemologists following Dilthey, the human sciences presuppose interpretation and the human and natural sciences must be separated. There is phenomenology interested in psychology and the social sciences that distinguish the natural and the human sciences, but little can be found about the historical human sciences. This volume fills the gap by presenting analyses of the material foundations of the "understanding" of expressions of other persons, and of primordial recollections and expectations founding explicit expectations and predictions in the lifeworld. Next, it shows, on the basis of history as applying philological methods in interpretations of sources, the role of a universal spatio-temporal framework for reconstructions and causal explanations of "what has really happened
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer
    ISBN: 9783319110417
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 458 p. 6 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Outstanding Contributions to Logic 7
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    Series Statement: Bücher
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    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Dag Prawitz on Proofs and Meaning
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Logic design ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Logic ; Logic design ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Bibliografie ; Prawitz, Dag 1936- ; Verifikation ; Logik ; Prawitz, Dag 1936-
    Abstract: This volume is dedicated to Prof. Dag Prawitz and his outstanding contributions to philosophical and mathematical logic. Prawitz's eminent contributions to structural proof theory, or general proof theory, as he calls it, and inference-based meaning theories have been extremely influential in the development of modern proof theory and anti-realistic semantics. In particular, Prawitz is the main author on natural deduction in addition to Gerhard Gentzen, who defined natural deduction in his PhD thesis published in 1934. The book opens with an introductory paper that surveys Prawitz's numerous contributions to proof theory and proof-theoretic semantics and puts his work into a somewhat broader perspective, both historically and systematically. Chapters include either in-depth studies of certain aspects of Dag Prawitz's work or address open research problems that are concerned with core issues in structural proof theory and range from philosophical essays to papers of a mathematical nature. Investigations into the necessity of thought and the theory of grounds and computational justifications as well as an examination of Prawitz's conception of the validity of inferences in the light of three “dogmas of proof-theoretic semantics” are included. More formal papers deal with the constructive behaviour of fragments of classical logic and fragments of the modal logic S4 among other topics. In addition, there are chapters about inversion principles, normalization of proofs, and the notion of proof-theoretic harmony and other areas of a more mathematical persuasion. Dag Prawitz also writes a chapter in which he explains his current views on the epistemic dimension of proofs and addresses the question why some inferences succeed in conferring evidence on their conclusions when applied to premises for which one already possesses evidence
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  • 47
    ISBN: 9783319096025
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 219 p. 20 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Boundaries of Religious Freedom: Regulating Religion in Diverse Societies 2
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boundaries of religious freedom
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Atheist identities - spaces and social contexts
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy ; Regional planning ; Religion (General) ; Demography ; Humanities / Arts ; Konferenzschrift 2012 ; Atheismus ; Soziologie ; Atheismus ; Säkularismus ; Sozialverhalten ; Atheismus ; Selbstverständnis
    Abstract: The essays in this book not only examine the variety of atheist expression and experience in the Western context, they also explore how local, national and international settings may contribute to the shaping of atheist identities. By addressing identity at these different levels, the book explores how individuals construct their own atheist-or non-religious-identity, how they construct community and how identity factors into atheist interaction at the social or institutional levels. The book offers an interdisciplinary comparative approach to the analysis of issues relating to atheism, such as demography, community engagement, gender politics, stigmatism and legal action. It covers such themes as: secularization; the social context of atheism in various Western countries; the shifting of atheist identities based on different cultural and national contexts; the role of atheism in multicultural settings; how the framework of “reasonable accommodation” applies to atheism; interactions and relationships between atheism and religion; and how atheism is represented for political and legal purposes. Featuring contributions by international scholars at the cutting edge of atheism studies, this volume offers unique insights into the relationship between atheism and identity. It will serve as a useful resource for academics, journalists, policy makers and readers interested in secular and religious studies, identity construction and identity politics as well as atheism in general
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer
    ISBN: 9783319178349
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 75 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Philosophy
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This book is a contribution both to Aristotle studies and to the philosophy of nature, and not only offers a thorough text based account of time as modally potentiality in Aristotle’s account, but also clarifies the process of “actualizing time” as taking time and looks at the implications of conceiving a world without actual time. It speaks to the resurgence of interest in Aristotle’s natural philosophy and will become an important resource for anyone interested in Aristotle’s theory of time, of its relationship to Aristotle’s larger project in the Physics, and to time’s place in the broader scope of Aristotelian natural science. Graduate students and scholars researching in this area especially will find the authors arguments provocative, a welcome addition to other recent publications on Aristotle’s Treatise on Time
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer
    ISBN: 9783319227382
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 201 p. 2 illus, online resource)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2015
    Series Statement: European Studies in Philosophy of Science 2
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Metaphysics ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy and science ; Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy and science ; Biology Philosophy ; Mentalismus
    Abstract: This book challenges common debates in philosophy of mind by questioning the framework of placement problems in contemporary metaphysics. The author argues that placement problems arise when exactly one fundamental ontology serves as the base for all entities, and will propose a pluralist alternative that takes the diversity of our conceptual resources and ontologies seriously. This general pluralist account is applied to issues in philosophy of mind to argue that contemporary debates about the mind-body problem are built on this problematic framework of placement problems. The starting point is the plurality of ontologies in scientific practice. Not only can we describe the world in terms of physical, biological, or psychological ontologies, but any serious engagement with scientific ontologies will identify more specific ontologies in each domain. For example, there is not one unified ontology for biology, but rather a diversity of scientific specializations with different ontological needs. Based on this account of scientific practice the author argues that there is no reason to assume that ontological unification must be possible everywhere. Without this ideal, the scope of ontological unification turns out to be an open empirical question and there is no need to present unification failures as philosophically puzzling “placement problems”
    Description / Table of Contents: IntroductionPluralism and Scientific Practice -- Beyond Placement Problems -- A Historical Diagnosis -- Part I In Defense of Conceptual Relativity -- Conceptual Relativity in Philosophy -- Conceptual Relativity in Science -- The Demarcation Problem of Conceptual Relativity -- Part II From Conceptual Relativity to Vertical Pluralism -- The Argument from Horizontal Pluralism -- The Argument from Ontological Non-Fundamentalism -- Part III Beyond the Mind-Body Problem -- Consciousness -- Beyond Dualism and Physicalism -- Mental Causation -- Epilogue: Metaphysics in a Complex World.
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  • 50
    ISBN: 9783319189659
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIII, 284 p. 1 illus. in color, online resource)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2015
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 125
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    Parallel Title: Druckausg. At the foundations of bioethics and biopolitics
    Keywords: Engelhardt, H. Tristram 1941- ; Ethics ; Medicine Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Ethics ; Medicine Philosophy ; Bioethics ; Biopolitics ; Engelhardt, Hugo Tristram 1941-2018 ; Biopolitik ; Bioethik ; Engelhardt, Hugo Tristram 1941-2018 ; Biopolitik ; Bioethik
    Abstract: This volume brings together a set of critical essays on the thought of Professor Doctor H. Tristram Engelhardt Jr., Co-Founding Editor of the Philosophy and Medicine book series. Amongst the founders of bioethics, Professor Engelhardt, looms large. Many of his books and articles have appeared in multiple languages, including Italian, Romanian, Portuguese, Spanish, and Chinese. The essays in this book focus critically on a wide swath of his work, in the process elucidating, critiquing, and/or commending the rigor and reach of his thought. This volume compasses analyses of many different aspects of Engelhardt's work, including social and political philosophy, biopolitics, the philosophy of medicine, and bioethics. It brings together internationally known scholars to assess key elements of Engelhardt's work
    Description / Table of Contents: At the Foundations of Bioethics: Critical Essays on the Thought of Professor H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr.; Mark J. Cherry, Ana S. Iltis, and Lisa M. RasmussenPart I: Critical Essays -- A Critical Appraisal of Engelhardt on The “Enlightenment Project”; Laurence B. McCullough -- Diversity in Clinical Ethics; George J. Agich -- Recognizing the Difference that Faith Makes: H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr., on Life-Ending Medical Interventions; John C. Moskop -- The Foundations of Secular Bioethics; Stephen Wear -- Disease, Bioethics, and Philosophy of Medicine: The Contributions of H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr.; Mary Ann Gardell Cutter -- A Transcendental Argument for Agreement As the Sole Sufficient Basis of a Philosophical Ethic; George Khushf -- Equality is Problematic: Engelhardt on Fair Equality of Opportunity, Health Care, and the Family; Ruiping Fan -- Bioethics After the Death of God - Reflections on an Engelhardtian Theme; Mark J. Cherry -- The Ethical Conduct of Research: The Legacy of the Three Principles; Ana Smith Iltis Non-Certain Foundations: Clinical Ethics Consultation for the Rest of Us; Lisa M. Rasmussen -- Moral Strangers, Proceduralism, and Moral Consensus Fabrice Jotterand -- Cracks in the Foundations of Engelhardt’s Bioethics; Jeremy R. Garrett -- Part II: Personal Reflections -- Two Score Years Ago; Laurence McCullough -- A Recollection with Appreciation; George J. Agich -- H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr. - A Personal Reflection; John Moskop -- Post-Apocalyptic Tris; Eric Juengst -- Ode to Tris; Mary Ann Gardell Cutter -- The Engelhardt Experience; Ana Smith Iltis -- Studying with H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr.: Lessons in an Engelhardtian Weltanschauung; Lisa Rasmussen -- H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr.: The Man Behind the Scholar; Fabrice Jotterand -- Apprenticing with H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr.: A Tribute to the Founder of Our Thing; Jeremy R. GarrettDr. H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr.: Scholar, Gentleman, Friend; Chris Ralston -- Tris Engelhardt: Teacher and Mentor; Jennifer Bulcock.
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer
    ISBN: 9783319180939
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 90 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in History of Science and Technology
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Luk, Christine Yi Lai A history of biophysics in contemporary China
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; China ; Biophysik ; Wissenschaft ; Biowissenschaften ; Geschichte 1949-1976
    Abstract: This book gives a concise history of biophysics in contemporary China, from about 1949 to 1976. It outlines how a science specialty evolved from an ambiguous and amorphous field into a fully-fledged academic discipline in the socio-institutional contexts of contemporary China. The book relates how, while initially consisting of cell biologists, the Chinese biophysics community redirected their disciplinary priorities toward rocket science in the late 1950s to accommodate the national interests of the time. Biophysicists who had worked on biological sounding rockets were drawn to the military sector and continued to contribute to human spaceflight in post-Mao China. Besides the rocket-and-space missions which provided the material context for biophysics to expand in the late 1950s and early 1960s, Chinese biophysicists also created research and educational programs surrounding biophysics by exploiting the institutional opportunities afforded by the policy emphasis on science's role to drive modernization. The book explores and demonstrates the collective achievements and struggles of Chinese biophysicists in building their scientific discipline
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  • 52
    Online Resource
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    Cham : Springer
    ISBN: 9783319153957
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 118 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 118
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Ales Bello, Angela, 1939 - The sense of things
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Idealismus ; Realismus ; Bewusstsein ; Subjekt-Objekt-Problem ; Phänomenologie ; Erkenntnistheorie
    Abstract: This book proposes a new interpretative key for reading and overcoming the binary of idealism and realism. It explores the way human consciousness unfolds through the relationship between the I and the world-a field of phenomenological investigation that cannot and must not remain closed within the limits of its own disciplinary boundaries. The book focuses on the question of realism in contemporary debates, ultimately dismantling prejudices and automatisms that one finds therein. It shows that at the root of the controversy between realism and idealism there often lie equivocations of a semantic nature. By returning to the origins of modern phenomenology this study mines the Husserlian concept of transcendental idealism. Following this path, and neutralizing the extreme positions of an acritical idealism and a naïve realism, the book proposes a “transcendental realism”: the horizon of a dynamic unity that embraces the process of cognition and that grounds the relation, and not the subordination, of subject and object. The close reading of this reciprocity offered here allows one to surpass the limits of the domain of knowing, leading one to fundamental questions about the ultimate sense of things and their origin
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  • 53
    Online Resource
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    Cham : Springer
    ISBN: 9783319179605
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 299 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 35
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Spring School "New Perspectives on Medical Paternalism" (2012 : Hamburg) New perspectives on paternalism and health care
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Philosophy ; Bioethical Issues ; Ethics, Medical ; Medical ethics Philosophy ; Paternalism ; Paternalism Moral and ethical aspects ; Physician-Patient Relations ; Konferenzschrift ; Paternalismus ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Gesundheitsfürsorge ; Gesundheitswesen
    Abstract: This work sets the stage regarding debates about paternalism and health care for years to come. The anthology is organized around four parts: i) The concept of paternalism and theoretical issues regarding the idea of anti-paternalism, ii) strategies for justifying different forms of paternalism, iii) paternalism in psychiatry and psychotherapy, iv) paternalism and public health, and v) paternalism and reproductive medicine. Medical paternalism was arguably one of the main drivers of debates in medical ethics and has led to a wide acknowledgement of the value of patient autonomy. However, more recent developments in health care, such as the increasing significance of public health measures and the commercialization of medical services, have led to new social circumstances and hence to the need to rethink issues regarding paternalism. This work provides an invaluable source for many scholars and practitioners, since it deals in new and original ways with one of the main and oldest issue in health care ethics
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  • 54
    ISBN: 9783319173085
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 303 p. 12 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Humanities ; Social sciences ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This book discusses issues regarding conceptualization, governance and implementation of responsible innovation. It treats different approaches to making responsible innovation a reality and it contains new case studies that illustrate challenges and solutions. Research on Responsible Innovation is by its nature highly multidisciplinary, and also pro-active, design-oriented and policy-relevant. Until a few years back, the concept of Responsible Innovation was hardly used - nowadays it is increasingly receiving attention from both researchers and policy makers. This is indispensable reading for anyone interested in or working on innovation
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  • 55
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    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer
    ISBN: 9783319136530
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 211 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 78
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This work is devoted to developing as well as expounding the theory of the cultural sciences of the philosopher Alfred Schutz (1899-1959). Drawing on all of Schutz’s seven volumes in English, the book shows how his philosophical theory consists of the reflective clarifications of the disciplinary definitions, basic concepts, and distinctive methods of particular cultural sciences as well as their species and genus. The book first expounds Schutz’s own theories of economics, jurisprudence, political science, sociology, and psychology. It then extends his approach to other disciplines, offering new theories of archaeology, ethnology, and psychotherapy in his spirit in order to stimulate the development of Schutzian theories in these and other disciplines. The second part of the book contains complementary philosophical chapters devoted to culture, groups, ideal types, interdisciplinarity, meaning, relevance, social tension, and verification
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer
    ISBN: 9783319080635
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 240 p. 13 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning, Interdisciplinary Perspectives from the Humanities and Social Sciences 6
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Lucey, Kenneth G. Pesky essays on the logic of philosophy
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Ontology ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Logik ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Religionsphilosophie ; Kausalität ; Ontologie ; Erkenntnistheorie
    Abstract: This collection of essays explores the philosophy of human knowledge from a multitude of perspectives, with a particular emphasis upon the justification component of the classical analysis of knowledge, and with an excursion along the way to explore the role of knowledge in Texas Hold ‘Em poker. An important theme of the collection is the role of knowledge in religion, including a detailed argument for agnosticism. A number of the essays touch upon issues in philosophical logic, among them a fascinating new counter-example to Modus Ponens. The collection is rounded out with essays on causality and the philosophy of mind. The author’s perspective on the philosophy of human knowledge is fresh and challenging, as evidenced by essays entitled “On Epistemic Preferability;” “On Being Unjustified;” “The Logic of ‘Unless’” and “Is ‘This sentence is true.’ True?” An interesting feature of The Logic of Philosophy: Pesky Essays is the inclusion of responses to several of its key essays, contributed by such prominent contemporary philosophers as Roderick Chisholm, Ted Sider and Tomas Kapitan
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  • 57
    ISBN: 9783319127750
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (LXX, 435 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This new English translation of Solov’ëv’s principal ethical treatise, written in his later years, presents Solov’ëv’s mature views on a host of topics ranging from a critique of individualistic ethical systems to the death penalty, the meaning of war, animal rights, and environmentalism. Written for the educated public rather than for a narrow circle of specialists, Solov’ëv’s work largely avoids technical vocabulary while illustrating his points with references to classical literature from the ancient Greeks to Goethe. Although written from a deeply held Christian viewpoint, Solov’ëv emphasizes the turn from his earlier position, now allegedly developing the independence of moral philosophy from metaphysics and revealed religion. Solov’ëv sees the formal universality of the idea of the moral good in all human beings, albeit that this idea is bereft of material content. This first new English-language translation in a century makes a unique contribution to the study of Solov’ëv’s thought. It uses the text of the second edition published in 1899 as its main text, but provides the variations and additions from the earlier versions of each chapter in running notes. Other unique features of this translation are that the pagination of the widely available 1914 edition is provided in the text, and the sources of Solov’ëv’s numerous Biblical quotations and references as well as literary and historical allusions
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9783319100005
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 191 p. 17 illus., 14 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in Philosophy, Religion and Public Life 3
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Humanities ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This is a comprehensive, integrated account of eighteenth and early nineteenth century German figurative aesthetics. The author focuses on the theologically-minded discourse on the visual arts that unfolded in Germany, circa 1754-1828, to critique the assumption that German romanticism and idealism pursued a formalist worship of beauty and of unbridled artistic autonomy. This book foregrounds what the author terms an “Aesthetics of Figurative Theo humanism”. It begins with the sculptural aesthetics of Johann Joachim Winckelmann and Gottfried Herder before moving on to Karl Philipp Moritz, Wilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder and Friedrich Schelling. The reader will discover how this aesthetic tradition, after an initial obsession with classical sculpture, chose painting as the medium more suited to the modern self’s exploration of transcendence. This paradigm-shift is traced in the aesthetic discourse of Friedrich Schlegel and Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. In this work, the widespread prejudice that such aesthetics initiated a so-called “Modern Grand Narrative of the Arts” is deconstructed. One accusation directed at 18th century aesthetics has been that it realised into “Art” what had previously been a living, rich tissue of meaning: this work shows how Figurative Theo humanism's attention to aesthetic values was never detached from deeper theological and humanistic considerations. Furthermore, it argues that this aesthetic discourse never forgot that it emerged from modern disenchantment-far from occluding the dimension of secularization, it draws poignant meaning from it. Anyone with an interest in the current debates about the scope and nature of aesthetics (philosophers of art, theology, or religion) will find this book of great interest and assistance
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9783319155975
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 172 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Koski, Tapio The phenomenology and the philosophy of running
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This book describes and analyzes the levels of experience that long-distance running produces. It looks at the kinds of experiences caused by long-distance running, the dimensions contained in these experiences, and their effects on the subjective life-world and well-being of an individual. Taking a philosophical approach, the analysis presented in this book is founded on Maurice Merleau-Ponty´s phenomenology of the body and Martin Heidegger´s fundamental ontology. Running is a versatile form of physical exercise which does not reveal all of its dimensions at once. These dimensions escape the eye and are not revealed to the runner conceptually, but rather as sensations and emotions. Instead of concentrating on conceptual analysis, this book explores the emotions and experiences and examines the meaning that running has in runners´ lives. Using the participative method, in which the author is both the research subject and the researcher, the book contributes to the philosophy of physical exercise. The research made by Koski is exceptional, and not only because of the topic itself, which also is out of the ordinary. Koski has been fortunate to discover a topic which offers immensely great opportunities to explore and present basic human philosophical themes in a new, fascinating conceptual environment. Emeritus Prof. Lauri Routila I don’t know of anyone who has done this in English, certainly not to your depth. -- This project in unique, wonderful, and important Amby Burfoot
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer
    ISBN: 9783319100265
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 213 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 214
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Forestier, Florian, 1981 - La phénoménologie génétique de Marc Richir
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Developmental psychology ; Philosophy ; Aesthetics ; Developmental psychology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of mind
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage est la première tentative de présenter une analyse d'ensemble des théories phénoménologiques de Marc Richir. La phénoménologie richirienne se présente comme une phénoménologie "transcendantale génétique" qui se développe en dialogue avec Husserl, dont les écrits constituent presque toujours le point de départ problématique et méthodologique. L’auteur établit que la phénoménologie richirienne constitue une refondation globale et systématique de la phénoménologie. Il décrit la manière dont Richir clarifie et reformule les analyses de Husserl. Le livre examine ainsi l’éventail entier de la pensée de Marc Richir : le phénomène et le schématisme, le sens et la signification, les synthèses passives, l'imagination et la phantasia, la temps et la temporalité, l’espace et la spatialité, le transcendantalisme et la subjectivité. Il explicite également l'interprétation proposée par Richir de concepts tels que la réduction, l'eidétique, l'incarnation ou l'intersubjectivité. En plaçant le travail de Richir dans le contexte plus large de la tradition continentale, et en évaluant la pertinence de son œuvre pour la phénoménologie contemporaine, cet ouvrage apporte une contribution essentielle à la littérature académique
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  • 61
    ISBN: 9783319103235
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 214 p. 2 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 75
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Kouba, Petr, 1973 - The phenomenon of mental disorder
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Psychiatry ; Psychology, clinical ; Philosophy ; Werkanalyse ; Heidegger, Martin 1889-1976 ; Phänomenologische Psychologie ; Heidegger, Martin 1889-1976 ; Existenzphilosophie ; Rezeption ; Psychopathologie
    Abstract: This book provides a critical introduction to Heidegger’s impact on psychiatry and psychology, and has a focus on the application of his philosophy to psychiatry. This is a complete revision of Heidegger’s existential philosophy in the light of psychopathological phenomena. Readers will find here a philosophical inquiry into the problem of mental disorder, which shows Heidegger’s own philosophy in a new light, uncovering both its strengths and its weak points. The author maps not only Heidegger’s interaction with psychiatric thought, as depicted in his Zollikon Seminars, but also his influence on Swiss phenomenological psychiatry. The work treats Heidegger in a critical way, taking the phenomenon of mental disorder as a touchstone on which Heidegger’s thought is tested. The results of such a critical examination are important, not only for a better understanding of psychopathological phenomena, but also for a new understanding of Heidegger’s approach to human existence. This work treats the phenomenon of mental disorder as a philosophical problem that reflects the ontological character of human existence. Heidegger’s approach to mental disorder is confronted with the conceptions of Foucault, Deleuze and Guattari in a novel way. The book is more than just an historical overview as it highlights the limits of phenomenological thought in the area of psychiatry and it shows a possible way of moving beyond them. This is a philosophical work with an interdisciplinary range. Scholars of philosophy and those in the growing field of philosophy of psychiatry, as well as those with an interest in Heidegger Studies will be particularly interested in this work
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer
    ISBN: 9783319102054
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 247 p. 2 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Murrey, Lucas Hölderlin’s Dionysiac poetry
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Murrey, Lucas Hölderlin’s Dionysiac poetry
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Comparative Literature ; Germanic languages ; Greek philology ; Humanities ; Philosophy ; Werkanalyse ; Hölderlin, Friedrich 1770-1843 ; Dionysos ; Dichtersprache ; Hölderlin, Friedrich 1770-1843 ; Dionysos ; Dichtersprache
    Abstract: This book casts new light on the work of the German poet Friedrich Hölderlin (1770 - 1843), and his translations of Greek tragedy. It shows Hölderlin’s poetry is unique within Western literature (and art) as it retrieves the socio-politics of a Dionysiac space-time and language to challenge the estrangement of humans from nature and one other. In this book, author Lucas Murrey presents a new picture of ancient Greece, noting that money emerged and rapidly developed there in the sixth century B.C. This act of monetization brought with it a concept of tragedy: money-tyrants struggling against the forces of earth and community who succumb to individual isolation, blindness and death. As Murrey points out, Hölderlin (unconsciously) retrieves the battle between money, nature and community and creatively applies its lessons to our time. But Hölderlin’s poetry not only adapts tragedy to question the unlimited “machine process” of “a clever race” of money-tyrants. It also draws attention to Greece’s warnings about the mortal danger of the eyes in myth, cult and theatre. This monograph thus introduces an urgently needed vision not only of Hölderlin hymns, but also the relevance of disciplines as diverse as Literary Studies, Philosophy, Psychology (Psychoanalysis) as well as Religious and Visual (Media) Studies to our present predicament, where a dangerous visual culture, through its support of the unlimitedness of money, is harming our relation to nature and one another. “Here triumphs a temperament guided by ancient religion and that excavates, in Hölderlin’s translations, the central god Dionysus of Greek tragedy.” -Bernhard Böschenstein, author of “Frucht des Gewitters”. Zu Hölderlins Dionysos als Gott der Revolution and Paul Celan: Der Meridian. Endfassung-Entwürfe-Materialien. “Lucas Murrey shares with his subject, Hölderlin, a vision of the Greeks as bringing something vitally important into our poor world, a vision of which few classical scholars are now capable.” -Richard Seaford, author of Money and the Early Greek Mind. Homer, Tragedy, Philosophy and Dionysus. “Hölderlin deserved such a book.” -Jean-François Kervégan, author of Que faire de Carl Schmitt? “…fascinating material…” -Noam Chomsky, author of Media Control: The Spectacular Achievements of Propaganda and Nuclear War and Environmental Catastrophe
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  • 63
    ISBN: 9783319161693
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXIV, 530 p. 16 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Philosophy of Engineering and Technology 20
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    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Curriculum planning ; Engineering design ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This inclusive cross-cultural study rethinks the nexus between engineering education and context. In so doing the book offers a reflection on contextual boundaries with an overall boundary crossing ambition and juxtaposes important cases of critical participation within engineering education with sophisticated scholarly reflection on both opportunities and discontents. Whether, and in what way engineering education is or ought to be contextualized or de-contextualized is an object of heated debate among engineering educators. The uniqueness of this study is that this debate is given comprehensive coverage - presenting both instrumentally inclined as well as radical positions on transforming engineering education. In contextualizing engineering education, this book offers diverse commentary from a range of disciplinary, meta- and interdisciplinary perspectives on how cultural, professional, institutional, and educational systems contexts shape histories, structural dynamics, ideologies and challenges as well as new pathways in engineering education. Topics addressed include examining engineering education in countries ranging from India to America, to racial and gender equity in engineering education and incorporating social awareness into the area. Using context as “bridge” this book confronts engineering education head on. Contending engineering ideologies and corresponding views on context are juxtaposed with contending discourses of reform. The uniqueness of the book is that it brings together scholars from the humanities, the social sciences and engineering from Europe - both East and West - with the United States, China, Brazil, India and Australia
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  • 64
    ISBN: 9783319177861
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 278 p. 6 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics 19
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Bertolotti, Tommaso Patterns of rationality
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Evolution (Biology) ; Engineering ; Religion (General) ; Consciousness ; Philosophy
    Abstract: The book is an epistemological monograph written from a multidisciplinary perspective. It provides a complex and realistic picture of cognition and rationality, as endowments aimed at making sense and reacting smartly to one’s environment, be it epistemic, social or simply ecological. The first part of the book analyzes scientific modeling as products of the biological necessity to cope with the environment and be able to draw as many inferences as possible about it. Moreover, it develops an epistemological framework which will be exploited in both the second part of the book, focusing on social cognition and cognitive niche construction, and the third part, dealing with the apparent irrationality of magical and religious belief. The book also discusses how both social networking and online religion influence cognition, rationality and irrational belief
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  • 65
    ISBN: 9783319013695
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 349 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Library of ethics and applied philosophy 32
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Empirically informed ethics
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Biology Philosophy ; Applied psychology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Biology Philosophy ; Applied psychology ; Konferenzschrift 2010 ; Empirische Forschung ; Moralisches Urteil
    Abstract: This volume provides an overview of the most recent developments in empirical investigations of morality and assesses their impact and importance for ethical thinking. It involves contributions of scholars both from philosophy, theology and empirical sciences with firm standings in their own disciplines, but an inclination to step across borders-in particular the one between the world of facts and the world of norms. Human morality is complex, and probably even messy-and this clean distinction becomes blurred whenever one looks more closely at the various components that enable and influence our moral actions and ethical orientations. In that way, morality may indeed be located between facts and norms-and an empirically informed ethics that is less concerned with analytical purity but immerses into this moral complexity may be an important step to make the contributions of ethics to this world more valuable and relevant
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Bridging the Is-Ought-DichotomyPart I: What is Empirically Informed Ethics? -- Markus Christen, Mark Alfano’ Outlining the Field - A Research Program for Empirically Informed Ethics -- Johannes Fischer; What Kind of Ethics? - How the Understanding of the Fields Affects the Role of Empirical Research on Morality for Ethics -- Adriano Naves de Brito; Moral Behavior and Moral Sentiments - On the Natural Basis for Moral Values -- Part II: Investigating Origins of Morality -- Carel P. van Schaik, Judith Burkart, Adrian Jaeggi, Claudia Rudolf von Rohr; Morality as a Biological Adaptation - an Evolutionary Model based on the Lifestyle of Human Foragers -- Sarah F. Brosnan; Precursors of Morality - Evidence for Moral Behaviors in Non-Human Primates -- Jesse J. Prinz; Where Do Morals Come From? - A Plea for a Cultural Approach -- Part III: Assessing the Moral Agent -- Carmen Tanner, Markus Christen; Moral Intelligence - A Framework for Understanding Moral Competences -- Kristin Prehn, Hauke Heekeren; Moral Brains - Possibilities and Limits of the Neuroscience of Ethics -- Shaun Nichols, Mark Timmons, Theresa Lopez; Using Experiments in Ethics - Ethical Conservatism and the Psychology of Moral Luck -- Part IV: Justifications between Rational Reflections and Intuitions -- Ghislaine J.M.W. van Thiel, Johannes J.M. van Delden; Intuitions in Moral Reasoning - Normative Empirical Reflective Equilibrium as a Model for Substantial Justification of Moral Claims -- Bert Musschenga; Moral Expertise - The Role of Expert Judgments and Expert Intuitions in the Constitution of (Local) Ethical Theories -- Erich H. Witte &, Tobias Gollan; Social Variability in Moral Judgments - Analyzing the Justification of Actions using the Prescriptive Attribution Concept -- Part V: Practicing Morality and Ethics in the Real World; Darcia Narvaez, Daniel Lapsley -- Becoming a Moral Person - Moral Development and Moral Character Education as a Result of Social Interactions -- Markus Huppenbauer, Carmen Tanner; Ethical Leadership - How to Integrate Empirical and Ethical Aspects for Promoting Moral Decision Making in Business Practice -- Tanja Krones; The Empirical Turn in Bioethics - From Boundary Work to a Context-Sensitive, Transdisciplinary Field of Inquiry -- Critical Postscript -- Antti Kauppinen; Ethics and Empirical Psychology - Critical Remarks to Empirically Informed Ethics -- References -- Index -- Authors.
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  • 66
    ISBN: 9783319041353
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 211 p. 3 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Law, Governance and Technology Series 14
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. The Ethics of information warfare
    DDC: 601
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Computer science ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Computer science ; Computer science ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Technology / Philosophy ; Ethik ; Information warfare ; Gerechter Krieg
    Abstract: This book offers an overview of the ethical problems posed by Information Warfare, and of the different approaches and methods used to solve them, in order to provide the reader with a better grasp of the ethical conundrums posed by this new form of warfare. The volume is divided into three parts, each comprising four chapters. The first part focuses on issues pertaining to the concept of Information Warfare and the clarifications that need to be made in order to address its ethical implications. The second part collects contributions focusing on Just War Theory and its application to the case of Information Warfare. The third part adopts alternative approaches to Just War Theory for analysing the ethical implications of this phenomenon. Finally, an afterword by Neelie Kroes - Vice President of the European Commission and European Digital Agenda Commissioner - concludes the volume. Her contribution describes the interests and commitments of the European Digital Agenda with respect to research for the development and deployment of robots in various circumstances, including warfare
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface: M. Taddeo and L. FloridiPart  I -- 1 Fog in the Fifth Dimension: The Ethics of Cyber-war; Brian Orend -- 2 The Future Impact of a Long Period of Limited Cyber warfare on the Ethics of Warfare; Randall R. Dipert -- 3 Is Warfare the Right Frame for the Cyber Debate?; Patrick Lin, Fritz Allhoff, and Keith Abney -- 4 Technology, Information, and Modern Warfare: Challenges and Prospects in the 21st Century; Wayne McCormack and Deen Chatterjee -- Part II -- 5 Permissible Preventive Cyberwar:  Restricting Cyber Conflict to Justified Military Targets; George R. Lucas, Jr -- 6 Moral Cyber Weapons; Dorothy E. Denning and Bradley J. Strawser -- 7 The Ethics of Cyberattack; Steven P. Lee -- 8 Information Warfare and Just War Theory; M. Taddeo -- Part III -- 9 The Wrong in Cyberattacks; T. Simpson -- 10 Virtue in Cyber conflict; Don Howard -- 11 Armed Robots and Military Virtue; Shannon Vallor -- 12 Deception and Virtue in Robotic and Cyber Warfare; John P. Sullins -- Afterword - Robots and Warfare: Challenges and European Responses; Neelie Kroes.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9783319042626
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 233 p. 7 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 48
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Timmerman, Peter Moral contract theory and social cognition
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Political science Philosophy ; Applied psychology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Political science Philosophy ; Applied psychology ; Vertrag ; Metapher ; Sozialphilosophie
    Abstract: This interdisciplinary work draws on research from psychology and behavioral economics to evaluate the plausibility of moral contract theory. In a compelling manner with implications for moral theory more broadly, the author’s novel approach resolves a number of key contingencies in contractarianism and contractualism. Acting in accordance with principles that we could all agree to under certain conditions requires that agents are capable of taking up the perspectives of others. Research in social and developmental psychology shows just how challenging this can be. The author discusses in detail what implications findings on perspective-taking have for contract theory. He concludes with cautious optimism that, despite our limitations, it lies within our power to become better at perspective-taking and to adopt a contractarian or contractualist mode of moral thinking. This does however require us to be much more attentive to the standpoints of others than we tend to be. Contract theorists also assume that agents can be moved to comply with principles that would be the object of agreement, with some arguing they can be so moved out of their own interest. The book show that, in contrast to the suspicion of many philosophers, this idea is largely supported by research on the dynamics of trust and our ability to distinguish trustworthy from untrustworthy others. Bringing a welcome dose of realism to the debate on contract theory, the author shows the value of assessing moral theories from an empirical perspective
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgements.- I Introduction.- 1 The Practicability Assumption2 Contract Theory and Perspective-Taking -- 3 Perspective-Taking in Moral Judgment.- 4 Perspective-Taking Accuracy and the Contract Test.- 5 How to Use a Contract Test -- II The Translucency Assumption.- 6 Contract Theory and Translucency.- 7 Translucency and the Irrationality of Straightforward Maximization.- 8 Why Not Be an Opportunist?.- 9 When Constrained Maximization is Rational -- 10 Conclusions.- Appendix.-  Index.
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  • 68
    ISBN: 9783319046334
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 167 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics 14
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Räikkä, Juha Social justice in practice
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Soziale Gerechtigkeit ; Sozialphilosophie
    Abstract: In this book the practical dimension of social justice is explained using the analysis and discussion of a variety of well-known topics. These include: the relation between theory and practice in normative political philosophy; the issue of justice under uncertainty; the question of whether we can and should unmask social injustices by means of conspiracy theories; the issues of privacy and the right to privacy; the issue of how certain psychological states may affect our moral obligations, in particular the obligation to treat others fairly; and finally the concepts of morality, fairness, and self-deception. The primary goal of the book is to provide readers with an updated discussion of some important and practical social justice issues. These issues are presented from a new perspective, based on the author´s research. It is hoped that bringing these topics together in a single book will promote the emergence of new insights and challenges for future research. Juha Räikkä is a professor at the Department of Philosophy at the University of Turku, Finland. His research focuses on ethics and political philosophy
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer
    ISBN: 9783319058160
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 202 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Mathematical prelude to the philosophy of mathematics
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Mathematik ; Grundlage ; Mathematische Logik ; Mengenlehre ; Mathematik ; Logik ; Erkenntnistheorie
    Abstract: This book is based on two premises: one cannot understand philosophy of mathematics without understanding mathematics and one cannot understand mathematics without doing mathematics. It draws readers into philosophy of mathematics by having them do mathematics. It offers 298 exercises, covering philosophically important material, presented in a philosophically informed way. The exercises give readers opportunities to recreate some mathematics that will illuminate important readings in philosophy of mathematics. Topics include primitive recursive arithmetic, Peano arithmetic, Gödel's theorems, interpretability, the hierarchy of sets, Frege arithmetic, and intuitionist sentential logic. The book is intended for readers who understand basic properties of the natural and real numbers and have some background in formal logic
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  • 70
    ISBN: 9783319059846
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 398 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in German Idealism 16
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Nitzan, Lior Jacob Sigismund Beck’s Standpunctslehre and the Kantian Thing-in-itself Debate
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy ; Genetic epistemology ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Beck, Jacob Sigismund 1761-1840 ; Ding an sich ; Abstraktion ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Kantianismus
    Abstract: This book examines the unique views of philosopher Jacob Sigismund Beck, a student of Immanuel Kant who devoted himself to an exploration of his teacher's doctrine and to showing that Kant’s transcendental idealism is, contra to the common view, both internally consistent and is not a form of subjective idealism. In his attempt to explain away certain apparent contradictions found in Kant's system, Beck put forward a new reading of Kant’s critical theory, a view, which came to be known as the Standpunctslehre, the Doctrine of the Standpoint. Author Lior Nitzan reconstructs, step by step, the historical development of Beck’s doctrine. He shows how Beck's unique view is drastically different from that of his contemporaries and presents the relevance of Beck to contemporary debates about the proper interpretation of Kant’s notion of objectivity, the refutation of idealism and the role of the thing in itself in Kant’s transcendental idealism. In doing so, Nitzan presents a defense of Beck's radical perspective of Kant’s theory and claims that some of Kant’s negative responses to it may in fact be due more to the adversary academic environment at the time than to Kant’s true, well considered, opinion. Jacob Sigismund Beck’s Standpunctslehre challenges the two dominant schools in the interpretation of Kant’s transcendental idealism-the "two world" and the "two aspect" view. It presents a new way of understanding Kant’s transcendental idealism, according to which the thing in itself plays no positive role in relation to the possibility of experience. Moreover, it claims that eliminating the thing in itself as the ultimate object of knowledge is not to admit idealism but in fact is the only way to consistently uphold realism. In addition, the book also addresses the question why, assuming that the proposed interpretation is correct, Kant had chosen not to make his true intentions clear
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  • 71
    ISBN: 9783319030449
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 372 p. 45 illus., 1 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning, Interdisciplinary Perspectives from the Humanities and Social Sciences 3
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Interdisciplinary works in logic, epistemology, psychology and linguistics
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Semantics ; Psychometrics ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Logik ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Kommunikation ; Pathologie
    Abstract: This book presents comparisons of recent accounts in the formalization of natural language (dynamic logics and formal semantics) with informal conceptions of interaction (dialogue, natural logic, and attribution of rationality) that have been developed in both psychology and epistemology. There are four parts which explore: historical and systematic studies; the formalization of context in epistemology; the formalization of reasoning in interactive contexts in psychology; the formalization of pathological conversations. Part one discusses the Erlangen School, which proposed a logical analysis of science as well as an operational reconstruction of psychological concepts. These first chapters provide epistemological and psychological insights into a conceptual reassessment of rational reconstruction from a pragmatic point of view. The second focus is on formal epistemology, where there has recently been a vigorous contribution from experts in epistemic and doxatic logics and an attempt to account for a more realistic, cognitively plausible conception of knowledge. The third part of this book examines the meeting point between logic and the human and social sciences and the fourth part focuses on research at the intersection between linguistics and psychology. Internationally renowned scholars have contributed to this volume, building on the findings and themes relevant to an interdisciplinary scientific project called DiaRaFor (“Dialogue, Rationality, Formalisms”) which was hosted by the MSH Lorraine (Lorraine Institute for Social Sciences and Humanities) from 2007 to 2011
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  • 72
    ISBN: 9783319017549
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 409 p. 42 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Outstanding Contributions to Logic 2
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Nuel Belnap on indeterminism and free action
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Belnap, Nuel D. 1930- ; Handlungslogik ; Indeterminismus ; Handlungsfreiheit ; Belnap, Nuel D. 1930- ; Willensfreiheit ; Handlungstheorie
    Abstract: This volume seeks to further the use of formal methods in clarifying one of the central problems of philosophy: that of our free human agency and its place in our indeterministic world. It celebrates the important contributions made in this area by Nuel Belnap, American logician and philosopher. Philosophically, indeterminism and free action can seem far apart, but in Belnap’s work, they are intimately linked. This book explores their philosophical interconnectedness through a selection of original research papers that build forth on Belnap’s logical and philosophical work. Some contributions take the form of critical discussions of Belnap's published work, some develop points made in his publications in new directions, and others provide additional insights on the topics of indeterminism and free action. In Nuel Belnap’s work on indeterminism and free action, three formal frameworks figure prominently: the simple branching histories framework known as "branching time;" its relativistic spatio-temporal extension, branching space-times; and the “seeing to it that” (stit) logic of agency. As those frameworks provide the formal background for the contributed papers, the volume introduction gives an overview of the current state of their development. It also introduces case-intensional first order logic (CIFOL), a general intensional logic offering resources for a first-order extension of the mentioned frameworks and a recent research focus of Belnap’s. The volume also contains an extended biographical interview with Nuel Belnap
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