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  • Cambridge : Cambridge University Press  (48)
  • Dordrecht : Springer
  • Biologie  (49)
  • Naturwissenschaft allgemein
Materialart
Sprache
Erscheinungszeitraum
  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781009052450
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xxii, 178 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    Serie: Understanding life
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 305.8
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    Schlagwort(e): Race ; Human evolution
    Kurzfassung: The human species is very young, but in a short time it has acquired some striking, if biologically superficial, variations across the planet. As this book shows, however, none of those biological variations can be understood in terms of discrete races, which do not actually exist as definable entities. Starting with a consideration of evolution and the mechanisms of diversification in nature, this book moves to an examination of attitudes to human variation throughout history, showing that it was only with the advent of slavery that considerations of human variation became politicized. It then embarks on a consideration of how racial classifications have been applied to genomic studies, demonstrating how individualized genomics is a much more effective approach to clinical treatments. It also shows how racial stratification does nothing to help us understand the phenomenon of human variation, at either the genomic or physical levels.
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511894794
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 410 Seiten)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 303.4
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    Schlagwort(e): Social evolution
    Kurzfassung: How can the stunning diversity of social systems and behaviours seen in nature be explained? Drawing on social evolution theory, experimental evidence and studies conducted in the field, this book outlines the fundamental principles of social evolution underlying this phenomenal richness.To succeed in the competition for resources, organisms may either 'race' to be quicker than others, 'fight' for privileged access, or 'share' their efforts and gains. The authors show how the ecology and intrinsic attributes of organisms select for each of these strategies, and how a handful of straightforward concepts explain the evolution of successful decision rules in behavioural interactions, whether among members of the same or different species. With a broad focus ranging from microorganisms to humans, this is the first book to provide students and researchers with a comprehensive account of the evolution of sociality by natural selection
    Anmerkung: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 30 Jul 2021)
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  • 3
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781316941256
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (395 Seiten)
    Serie: Cambridge studies in biological and evolutionary anthropology 81
    DDC: 306.3/64
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    Schlagwort(e): Vor- und Frühgeschichte ; Archäobiologie ; Paläanthropologie ; Wildbeuter ; Anpassung ; Resilienz
    Kurzfassung: Hunter-gatherer lifestyles defined the origins of modern humans and for tens of thousands of years were the only form of subsistence our species knew. This changed with the advent of food production, which occurred at different times throughout the world. The chapters in this volume explore the different way that hunter-gatherer societies around the world adapted to changing social and ecological circumstances while still maintaining a predominantly hunter-gatherer lifestyle. Couched specifically with the framework of resilience theory, the authors use contextualized bioarchaeological analyses of health, diet, mobility, and funerary practices to explore how hunter-gatherers responded to challenges and actively resisted change that diminished the core of their social identity and worldview.
    Anmerkung: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 15 Nov 2018)
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  • 4
  • 5
    ISBN: 9781108355780
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 326 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 304.209
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    Schlagwort(e): Landscape changes History ; Landscape changes Research ; Landscape assessment History ; Landscape assessment Research ; Human ecology History ; Human ecology Research ; Historische Umweltforschung ; Historische Ökologie ; Humanökologie ; Geschichte ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Historische Umweltforschung ; Historische Ökologie ; Humanökologie ; Geschichte
    Kurzfassung: Historical ecology is a research framework which draws upon diverse evidence to trace complex, long-term relationships between humanity and Earth. With roots in anthropology, archaeology, ecology and paleoecology, geography, and landscape and heritage management, historical ecology applies a practical and holistic perspective to the study of change. Furthermore, it plays an important role in both fundamental research and in developing future strategies for integrated, equitable landscape management. The framework presented in this volume covers critical issues, including: practicing transdisciplinarity, the need for understanding interactions between human societies and ecosystem processes, the future of regions and the role of history and memory in a changing world. Including many examples of co-developed research, Issues and Concepts in Historical Ecology provides a platform for collaboration across disciplines and aims to equip researchers, policy-makers, funders, and communities to make decisions that can help to construct an inclusive and resilient future for humanity
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9781107109964
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: xvii, 307 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    Serie: Cambridge studies in biological and evolutionary anthropology 76
    Serie: Cambridge studies in biological and evolutionary anthropology
    DDC: 599.9
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    Schlagwort(e): Physical anthropology Methodology ; Human biology Research ; Methodology ; Ethnology Research ; Methodology ; Primates Research ; Methodology ; Human-animal relationships ; Primatology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Primaten ; Anthropogener Einfluss ; Ethnosoziologie ; Artenschutz
    Kurzfassung: "Ethnoprimatology, the combining of primatological and anthropological practice and the viewing of humans and other primates as living in integrated and shared ecological and social spaces, has become an increasingly popular approach to primate studies in the twenty-first century. Offering an insight into the investigation and documentation of human-nonhuman primate relations in the Anthropocene, this book guides the reader though the preparation, design, implementation, and analysis of an ethnoprimatological research project, offering practical examples of the vast array of methods and techniques at chapter level. With contributions from the world's leading experts in the field, Ethnoprimatology critically analyses current primate conservation efforts, outlines their major research questions, theoretical bases and methods, and tackles the challenges and complexities involved in mixed-methods research. Documenting the spectrum of current research in the field, it is an ideal volume for students and researchers in ethnoprimatology, primatology, anthropology, and conservation biology"--
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781316460252
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Resource (xix, 346 Seiten)
    Serie: Studies in environment and history
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 304.209
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    Schlagwort(e): Geschichte ; Globalisierung ; Human ecology / History ; Material culture ; Globalization / History ; Materialismus ; Geschichtstheorie ; Humanökologie ; Geschichtsphilosophie ; Geschichtsphilosophie ; Geschichtstheorie ; Materialismus ; Humanökologie
    Kurzfassung: New insights into the microbiome, epigenetics, and cognition are radically challenging our very idea of what it means to be 'human', while an explosion of neo-materialist thinking in the humanities has fostered a renewed appreciation of the formative powers of a dynamic material environment. The Matter of History brings these scientific and humanistic ideas together to develop a bold, new post-anthropocentric understanding of the past, one that reveals how powerful organisms and things help to create humans in all their dimensions, biological, social, and cultural. Timothy J. LeCain combines cutting-edge theory and detailed empirical analysis to explain the extraordinary late-nineteenth century convergence between the United States and Japan at the pivotal moment when both were emerging as global superpowers. Illustrating the power of a deeply material social and cultural history, The Matter of History argues that three powerful things - cattle, silkworms, and copper - helped to drive these previously diverse nations towards a global 'Great Convergence'
    Anmerkung: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 11 Aug 2017)
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781316014240
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xxv, 290 pages)
    DDC: 302.3/5
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    Schlagwort(e): Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Kurzfassung: As both the societies and the world in which we live face increasingly rapid and turbulent changes, the concept of resilience has become an active and important research area. Reflecting the very latest research, this book provides a critical review of the ways in which resilience of social-ecological systems, and the ecosystem services they provide, can be enhanced. With contributions from leaders in the field, the chapters are structured around seven key principles for building resilience: maintain diversity and redundancy; manage connectivity; manage slow variables and feedbacks; foster complex adaptive systems thinking; encourage learning; broaden participation; and promote polycentric governance. The authors assess the evidence in support of these principles, discussing their practical application and outlining further research needs. Intended for researchers, practitioners and graduate students, this is an ideal resource for anyone working in resilience science and for those in the broader fields of sustainability science, environmental management and governance.
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789401798228
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VI, 438 p. 52 illus, online resource)
    Serie: History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences 11
    Serie: SpringerLink
    Serie: Bücher
    Serie: Springer eBook Collection
    Serie: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. Braillard, Pierre-Alain Explanation in biology
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy
    Kurzfassung: Patterns of explanation in biology have long been recognized as different from those deployed in other scientific disciplines, especially physics. Celebrating the diversity of explanatory models found in biology, this volume details their varying types as well as their relationships to one another. It covers the key current debates in the philosophy of biology over the nature of explanation, and its apparent diversity that stems from a variety of historical, causal, mechanistic, or mathmatical explanatory practices. Offering a wealth of fresh analyses on the nature of explanation in contemporary biology chapters examine aspects ranging from the role of mathematics in explaining cell development to the complexities thrown up by evolutionary-developmental biology, where explanation is altered by multidisciplinarity itself. They cover major domains such as ecology and systems biology, as well as contemporary trends, such as the mechanistic explanations spawned by progress in molecular biology. With contributions from researchers of many different nationalities, the book provides a many-angled perspective on a revealing feature of the discipline of biology
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    URL: Cover
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781316424032
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xxii, 368 pages) , digital, PDF file(s)
    Ausgabe: Second edition
    Serie: Canto classics
    Paralleltitel: Print version
    DDC: 304.2
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    Schlagwort(e): Human geography ; Biogeography ; Europeans Migrations ; Human ecology ; Human ecology ; Europeans ; Migrations ; Human geography ; Biogeography
    Kurzfassung: People of European descent form the bulk of the population in most of the temperate zones of the world - North America, Australia and New Zealand. The military successes of European imperialism are easy to explain; in many cases they were a matter of firearms against spears. But as Alfred W. Crosby maintains in this highly original and fascinating book, the Europeans' displacement and replacement of the native peoples in the temperate zones was more a matter of biology than of military conquest. European organisms had certain decisive advantages over their New World and Australian counterparts. The spread of European disease, flora and fauna went hand in hand with the growth of populations. Consequently, these imperialists became proprietors of the most important agricultural lands in the world. In the second edition, Crosby revisits his now classic work and again evaluates the global historical importance of European ecological expansion
    Anmerkung: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 11
    Buch
    Buch
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781107569782
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: xvi, 280 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Ausgabe: Canto classics edition
    Serie: Canto classics
    DDC: 333.2
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    Schlagwort(e): Commons Case studies ; Social choice ; Social choice Case studies ; Commons ; Natürliche Ressourcen ; Verwertung ; Öffentliches Gut ; Ressourcen ; Umweltpolitik ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Selbstverwaltung ; Teilhabe
    Anmerkung: Literaturverzeichnis: Seiten 245-270 , Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke
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  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9783319065267
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 338 p. 65 illus, online resource)
    Serie: Models and Modeling in Science Education 8
    Serie: SpringerLink
    Serie: Bücher
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. Science teachers' use of visual representations
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    Schlagwort(e): Science Study and teaching ; Education ; Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Hochschule ; Lehre ; Visualisierung
    Kurzfassung: This book examines the diverse use of visual representations by teachers in the science classroom. It contains unique pedagogies related to the use of visualization, presents original curriculum materials as well as explores future possibilities. The book begins by looking at the significance of visual representations in the teaching of science. It then goes on to detail two recent innovations in the field: simulations and slowmation, a process of explicit visualization. It also evaluates the way teachers have used different diagrams to illustrate concepts in biology and chemistry. Next, the book explores the use of visual representations in culturally diverse classrooms, including the implication of culture for teachers’ use of representations, the crucial importance of language in the design and use of visualizations, and visualizations in popular books about chemistry. It also shows the place of visualizations in the growing use of informal, self-directed science education. Overall, the book concludes that if the potential of visualizations in science education is to be realized in the future, the subject must be included in both pre-service and in-service teacher education. It explores ways to develop science teachers’ representational competence and details the impact that this will have on their teaching. The worldwide trend towards providing science education for all, coupled with the increased availability of color printing, access to personal computers and projection facilities, has lead to a more extensive and diverse use of visual representations in the classroom. This book offers unique insights into the relationship between visual representations and science education, making it an ideal resource for educators as well as researchers in science education, visualization and pedagogy
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Section A: Research into teaching with visual representationsIntroduction -- Chapter 1 : The significance of visual representations in the teaching of science, B. Eilam, J.K. Gilbert -- Chapter 2 : Teaching and researching visual representations: Shared vision or divided world? S. Ainsworth & L. Newton -- Section B: Teachers’ selections, constructions and use of visual representations -- Introduction -- Chapter 3 : Representing visually: What teachers know and what they prefer, B. Eilam, Y. Poyas, R. Hasimshoni -- Chapter 4 : Slowmation: A process of explicit visualisation, J. Loughran -- Chapter 5 : Secondary biology teachers’ use of different types of diagrams for different purposes, Y. Liu, M. Won, D.F. Treagust -- Chapter 6 : Teaching stoichiometry with particulate diagrams - linking macro phenomena and chemical equations, M.W. Cheng, J.K. Gilbert -- Section C: Teachers’ use of visual representations in culturally-diverse classrooms -- Introduction -- Chapter 7 : Thoughts on visualizations in diverse cultural settings: The case of France and Pakistan, E. De Vries, M. Ashraf -- Chapter 8 : The implication of culture for teachers’ use of representations, B. Waldrip, S. Satupo, F. Rodie -- Chapter 9 : The interplay between language and visualization: The role of the teacher, L. Mammino -- Chapter 10: Visualizations in popular books about chemistry, J.K. Gilbert, A. Afonso -- Section D: Teachers’ supporting student learning from visual representations -- Introduction -- Chapter 11 : Teachers using interactive simulations to scaffold inquiry instruction in physical science education, D. Geelan, X.Fan -- Chapter 12: Transformed instruction: Teaching in a student-generated representations learning environment, O. Parnafes, R. Trachtenberg-Maslaton -- Chapter 13: The laboratory for making things: Developing multiple representations of knowledge, J. Bamberger -- Section E: Overview -- Chapter 14: Developing science teachers’ representational competence and its impact on their teaching, J.K.Gilbert, B. Eilam.
    Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record
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    URL: Cover
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  • 13
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781107337879
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 246 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    DDC: 303.483
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    Schlagwort(e): Naturwissenschaften ; Erfahrung ; Intelligenz ; Erkenntnis ; Wissenschaftsethik ; Gesellschaft
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 14
    Buch
    Buch
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781107043176 , 1107043174
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: XII, 246 S. , Ill., graph. Darst.
    Originaltitel: Essays. Selections
    DDC: 303.483
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    Schlagwort(e): Science Social aspects ; SCIENCE / Physics ; Science Social aspects ; Science Social aspects ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Naturwissenschaften ; Wissenschaftsethik ; Gesellschaft ; Naturwissenschaften ; Wissenschaftsethik ; Gesellschaft
    Kurzfassung: "Does science have limits? Where does order come from? Can we understand consciousness? Written by Nobel Laureate Leon N. Cooper, this book places pressing scientific questions in the broader context of how they relate to human experience. Widely considered to be a highly original thinker, Cooper has written and given talks on a large variety of subjects, ranging from the relationship between art and science, possible limits of science, to the relevance of the Turing Test. These essays and talks have been brought together for the first time in this fascinating book, giving readers an opportunity to experience Cooper's unique perspective on a range of subjects. Tackling a diverse spectrum of topics, from the conflict of faith and science to whether understanding neural networks could lead to machines that think like humans, this book will captivate anyone interested in the interaction of science with society"--
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Machine generated contents note: Part I. Science and Society: 1. Science and human experience; 2. Does science undermine our values?; 3. Can science serve mankind?; 4. Modern science and contemporary discomfort: metaphor and reality; 5. Faith and science; 6. Art and science; 7. Fraud in science; 8. Why study science? The keys to the cathedral; 9. Is evolution a theory? A modest proposal; 10. The silence of the second; 11. Introduction to Copenhagen; 12. The unpaid debt; Part II. Thought and Consciousness: 13. Source and limits of human intellect; 14. Neural networks; 15. Thought and mental experience: the Turing test; 16. Mind as machine: will we rubbish human experience?; 17. Memory and memories: a physicist's approach to the brain; 18. On the problem of consciousness; Part III. On the Nature and Limits of Science: 19. What is a good theory?; 20. Shall we deconstruct science?; 21. Visible and invisible in physical theory; 22. Experience and order; 23. The language of physics; 24. The structure of space; 25. Superconductivity and other insoluble problems; 26. From gravity to light and consciousness: does science have limits?.
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Cover
    URL: Cover
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  • 15
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400748637 , 1283698080 , 9781283698085
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 214 p. 12 illus, digital)
    Serie: SpringerLink
    Serie: Bücher
    Paralleltitel: Buchausg. u.d.T. Patrick, Patricia G. Zoo talk
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    Schlagwort(e): Science Study and teaching ; Education ; Education ; Science Study and teaching
    Kurzfassung: Founded on the premise that zoos are 'bilingual'--that the zoo, in the shape of its staff and exhibits, and its visitors speak distinct languages--this enlightening analysis of the informal learning that occurs in zoos examines the 'speech' of exhibits and staff as well as the discourse of visitors beginning in the earliest years. Using real-life conversations among visitors as a basis for discussion, the authors interrogate children's responses to the exhibits and by doing so develop an 'informal learning model' and a 'zoo knowledge model' that prompts suggestions for activities that classroom educators can use before, during, and after a zoo visit. Their analysis of the 'visitor voice' informs creative suggestions for how to enhance the educational experiences of young patrons. By assessing visitors' entry knowledge and their interpretations of the exhibits, the authors establish a baseline for zoos that helps them to refine their communication with visitors, for example in expanding knowledge of issues concerning biodiversity and biological conservation. The book includes practical advice for zoo and classroom educators about positive ways to prepare for zoo visits, engaging activities during visits, and follow-up work that maximizes the pedagogical benefits. It also reflects on the interplay between the developing role of zoos as facilitators of learning, and the ways in which zoos help visitors assimilate the knowledge on offer. In addition to being essential reading for educators in zoos and in the classroom, this volume is full of insights with much broader contextual relevance for getting the most out of museum visits and field trips in general
    Kurzfassung: Founded on the premise that zoos are bilingualthat the zoo, in the shape of its staff and exhibits, and its visitors speak distinct languagesthis enlightening analysis of the informal learning that occurs in zoos examines the speech of exhibits and staff as well as the discourse of visitors beginning in the earliest years. Using real-life conversations among visitors as a basis for discussion, the authors interrogate childrens responses to the exhibits and by doing so develop an informal learning model and a zoo knowledge model that prompts suggestions for activities that classroom educators can use before, during, and after a zoo visit.Their analysis of the visitor voice informs creative suggestions for how to enhance the educational experiences of young patrons. By assessing visitors entry knowledge and their interpretations of the exhibits, the authors establish a baseline for zoos that helps them to refine their communication with visitors, for example in expanding knowledge of issues concerning biodiversity and biological conservation. The book includes practical advice for zoo and classroom educators about positive ways to prepare for zoo visits, engaging activities during visits, and follow-up work that maximizes the pedagogical benefits. It also reflects on the interplay between the developing role of zoos as facilitators of learning, and the ways in which zoos help visitors assimilate the knowledge on offer. In addition to being essential reading for educators in zoos and in the classroom, this volume is full of insights with much broader contextual relevance for getting the most out of museum visits and field trips in general.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zoo Talk; Contents; Chapter 1: Introduction; References; Chapter 2: A History of Animal Collections; The Beginning of Menageries and Zoos; Zoos in the United States of America; The Evolution of Zoo Design; Zoo Education; The Zoo Voice Today; References; Chapter 3: Rationale for the Existence of Zoos; Education; Conservation; Recreation or Entertainment; Facilities; Research; Culture and Society; The Future; References; Chapter 4: Visitors' Knowledge of Zoos; The Zoo Visitor and Their Reasons for Visiting the Zoo; The Visitor's Perceptions of Nature; The Importance of Mental Models
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Understandings People Have of ZoosReferences; Chapter 5: Exhibit Design; Exhibits; Labels; Animals as Exhibits and Topics of Conversation; Experiential Space in Exhibits; References; Chapter 6: Talking About Animals; Taxonomy and the Term Animal; Identifying Animals; Animal Behavior and Anatomy; Attitudes, Emotional Connections, and Culture; References; Chapter 7: Visitor Voice; Form, Function, and Categories of Conversations; Discourse in the Exhibit; Using Grounded Theory to Analyze Conversations; Understanding Terminology; References; Chapter 8: School and Family Groups' Conversations
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Family GroupsSchool Groups; Talking Science; References; Chapter 9: The Zoo Voice: Zoo Education and Learning; Why Visit Zoos?; Prior Knowledge and Learning; Zoo Education; References; Chapter 10: Information Educators Need to Know About Zoo Field Trips (Useful Field Trip Information); Analyzing Discourse; Exhibit Learning Cycle; Increasing Communication During the Interpretation Stage; More Ideas; Nature Tables; Physical Science and Hands-On Activities Pre-visit; Patterns of Animal Anatomy; Hands-On Activities Pre-visit; Zoo Kits; DNA Fingerprinting; References
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Chapter 11: Zoo Field Trip DesignRationale for Visiting the Zoo: Animals; Rationale for Visiting the Zoo: Educational; Learning During a Zoo Field Trip; Characteristics of Successful Field Trips; Cognitive: Pre-visit Activities; Cognitive: During-Visit Activities; Cognitive: Post-visit Activities; Suggested Activities; Procedural: Facility Staff; Procedural: Advanced Organizers; Social: Student Groups; Social: Control of Visit and Learning; Teacher Training and Chaperone Preparation; References; Chapter 12: Conclusions; Index;
    Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record
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    URL: Cover
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9789400724457
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VI, 377 p. 5 illus, digital)
    Serie: History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences 2
    Serie: SpringerLink
    Serie: Bücher
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. Vitalism and the scientific image in Post-Enlightenment life science, 1800-2010
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Biology Philosophy ; Medicine ; Biological models ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Biology Philosophy ; Medicine ; Biological models ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Vitalismus ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Geschichte 1800-2010
    Kurzfassung: Vitalism is understood as impacting the history of the life sciences, medicine and philosophy, representing an epistemological challenge to the dominance of mechanism over the last 200 years, and partly revived with organicism in early theoretical biology. The contributions in this volume portray the history of vitalism from the end of the Enlightenment to the modern day, suggesting some reassessment of what it means both historically and conceptually. As such it includes a wide range of material, employing both historical and philosophical methodologies, and it is divided fairly evenly between 19th and 20th century historical treatments and more contemporary analysis. This volume presents a significant contribution to the current literature in the history and philosophy of science and the history of medicine
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents; Chapter 1: V italism and the Scientific Image: An Introduction; 1 Vitalism: Origin, History, and Transformation; 2 Final Thoughts; References; Part I: Revisiting Vitalist Themes in Nineteenth-Century Science; Chapter 2: Jean-Baptiste Lamarck and the Place of Irritability in the History of Life and Death; 1 The History of Life and Death; 2 A "Flood of Light": The Notion of Intussusception in Lamarck's Account of Organic Change; 3 Irritability in Lamarck's Theory of the Animal Being; 4 The Interplay of Life and Nature in Lamarck's Work
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 5 Irritability and Evolution in Lamarck's System of NatureReferences; Chapter 3: Rethinking Organic Vitality in Germany at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century; 1 Introduction; 2 Vital Principles and a Science of Life; 3 Investigating the Material Conditions of Organic Vitality; 4 New Conceptions of Organic Vitality; References; Chapter 4: The "Novel of Medicine"; 1 The Physiological Obsession; 2 The Life of the Social Body; 3 The Body of Thought; 4 The Style of Physiology; 5 Romances of Physiology; References; Chapter 5: Life and the Mind in Nineteenth-Century Britain; 1 Introduction
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 2 Phrenology: George Combe Versus William Hamilton3 Reflex Action: Marshall Hall Versus the World; 4 Cerebral Reflex Function: Thomas Laycock Versus "Vindex"; 5 Conclusion; References; Part II: Twentieth-Century Debates on Vitalism in Science and Philosophy; Chapter 6: Vitalism Versus Emergent Materialism; 1 Introduction; 2 Amnesia Versus Evolution; 3 Emergentism Cures Vitalism; 4 Hans Driesch's Vitalism; 5 Teleology and Mechanism; 6 How Does Entelechy Work?; 7 Some Responses to Driesch's Vitalism; 8 The Emergentists; 9 J. Arthur Thomson on the Autonomy of Biology
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 10 Arthur Lovejoy on the Disunity of Science11 Jennings on Downward Causation; 12 Conclusions; References; Chapter 7: Life as an Emergent Phenomenon: From an Alternative to Vitalism to an Alternative to Reductionism; 1 Introduction; 2 Life as an Emergent Phenomenon: A Nineteenth-Century Legacy; 3 Emergence as an Alternative to Vitalism and Mechanism; 4 Scientific Setbacks to Emergence; 5 Philosophical Setbacks to Emergence; 6 The Special Sciences and the Criticism of Logical Empiricism Regarding the Rescue of "Emergence"
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 7 Unexpected Support from the Physical Sciences: Complex-Systems Studies and Artificial Life8 The Re-emergence of Emergence in the Life Sciences; 9 Emergence, Life and the Origin of Life; 10 Conclusion; References; Chapter 8: Wilhelm Reich: Vitalism and Its Discontents; 1 Reich and the History of Vitalism; 2 Orgone Energy: A "Vital Force"?; 3 Reich, Revolution and Politics; 4 Reich, the Counter-Culture and the Popular Consciousness; 5 Conclusion; References; Chapter 9: Vitalism and Teleology in Kurt Goldstein's Organismic Approach; 1 Introduction
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 2 Goldstein's Organicism at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century
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  • 17
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400745636
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XX, 379 p. 46 illus, digital)
    Serie: Cultural Studies of Science Education 8
    Serie: SpringerLink
    Serie: Bücher
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. Science education for diversity
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Science Study and teaching ; Religion and education ; Education ; Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Religion and education ; Pädagogische Soziologie
    Kurzfassung: Reflecting the very latest theory on diversity issues in science education, including new dialogic approaches, this volume explores the subject from a range of perspectives and draws on studies from around the world. The work discusses fundamental topics such as how we conceptualize diversity as well as examining the ways in which heterogeneous cultural constructs influence the teaching and learning of science in a range of contexts. Including numerous strategies ready for adoption by interested teachers, the book addresses the varied cultural factors that influence engagement with science education. It seeks answers to the question of why increasing numbers of students fail to connect with science education in schools and looks at the more subtle impact that students’ individually constructed identities have on the teaching and learning of science. Recognizing the diversity of its audience, the book covers differing levels and science subjects, and examines material from a range of viewpoints that include pedagogy, curricula, teacher education, learning, gender, religion, and ICT, as well as those of in-service and trainee teachers at all levels
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contents; Why Science Education for Diversity?; Introduction; What Do We Mean by Diversity?; Social and Historical Context; Cultural Diversity and Science Education; Sociocultural and Dialogic Perspectives; Tensions and Dilemmas; Argument and Structure of This Book; References; Part I: Science Education Reform for Diversity; Dialogic Science Education for Diversity; Introduction: The Science Education for Diversity Project; What Is Science?; Monologic, Dialogic and Diversity; How Do We Conceptualise Diversity?; Developing a Framework for Science Education for Diversity
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: How Do We Make Science Education More Relevant?Will Inquiry-Based Science Education (IBSE) Help?; Explicitly Dialogic Pedagogy; Connecting to Real Science; Mastery Learning Combined with Dialogic Science Pedagogy; Teaching the Nature of Science; Teaching Thinking in Science and Through Science; The Role of ICT; The Need for Guided Collaborative Critical Reflection on Action; Summary and Conclusion; References; Expanding Notions of Scientific Literacy: A Reconceptualization of Aims of Science Education in the Knowledge Society
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The "Two Cultures" and the Need for a Broader Notion of Scientific LiteracyScientific Literacy Reconceptualized; Science Engagement Curriculum Policy Images; Science and the Public: An Online Graduate Program; The Inconvenient Truth: A Documentary on Global Warming; Oceanside Community Science Project (Roth and Lee 2004; Roth and Calabrese 2004); Conclusions; References; Activity, Subjectification, and Personality: Science Education from a Diversity-of-Life Perspective; Cultural-Historical Activity Theory; Activity and Actions; Subjectification; Personality; On the Way to Become a Doctor
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Early Activities and RelationsHigh School Science; Science Internship; College Science; Resident Care Assistant; Coda; References; Reflexivity and Diversity in Science Education Research in Europe: Towards Cultural Perspectives; Introduction; Cultural Studies and Issues of Diversity in Science Education; The State of the Art of Cultural Studies of Science Education in Europe; Reflexivity: Theoretical Barriers and Horizons; Towards Cultural Studies as a Unifying Research Paradigm; References; Part II: From Learning to Pedagogy; Science Education for Diversity and Informal Learning
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Importance of Informal Environments for Learning ScienceKey Features of Science Learning in Informal Environments; Activation of Prior Knowledge; Acknowledging and Valuing Multiple Perspectives; Sociocultural Frameworks for Informal Science Learning; Sociocultural Approach with Individual Science Learning Goals: Social Constructivism; Sociocultural Approach with Community Learning Goals: Collective Praxis; The Practice of Informal Science Education for Diversity; Examples of the Impact of Exhibit Design on Collaborative Talk; Involving Diverse Groups in Development of Programs and Exhibits
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Step 1
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction -- Why science education for diversity? Nasser Mansour and Rupert Wegerif -- Part 1. Science education reform for diversity -- Chapter 1: Dialogic Science Education for Diversity, Rupert Wegerif, Keith Postlethwaite, Nigel Skinner, Nasser Mansour, Alun Morgan, Lindsay Hetherington -- Chapter2: Expanding Notions of Scientific Literacy: A Re-conceptualization of Aims of Science Education in the Knowledge Society, Xiufeng Liu -- Chapter3: Activity, Subjectification, and Personality: Science Education from a Diversity-of-Life Perspective, Wolff-Michael Roth, University of Victoria -- Chapter 4: Reflexivity and diversity in research on science education: A European account, Michiel van Eijck -- Part 2, from learning to pedagogy -- Chapter 5: Science education for diversity and informal learning, Loran E. Parker and Gerald H. Krockover -- Chapter 6: Diverse, disengaged and reactive: A teacher’s adaptation of ethical dilemma story pedagogy as a strategy to re-engage learners in education for sustainability,  Elisabeth Taylor, Peter Charles Taylor and MeiLing Chow -- Chapter 7: Tracing science in the early childhood classroom: the historicity of multi-resourced discourse practices in multilingual interaction, Charles Max, Gudrun Ziegler and Martin Kracheel -- Chapter 8: Conceptual frameworks, metaphysical commitments and worldviews: the challenge of reflecting the relationships between science and religion in science education, Keith S. Taber -- Chapter 9: Science Curriculum Reform on “Scientific Literacy for All” across National Contexts: Case Studies of Curricula from England and Hong Kong, Sibel Erduran and Siu Ling Wong -- Part 3 science teacher Education and diversity -- Chapter 10: Science teachers' cultural beliefs and diversities: A sociocultural perspective to science education, Nasser Mansour -- Chapter 11: Envisioning Science Teacher Preparation for Diversity in 21st Century Classrooms: Some Tensions, Norm Thomson, Deborah J. Tippins -- Chapter12: Expanded agency in multilingual science teacher training classrooms, Silvia Lizette Ramos De Robles & Mariona Espinet -- Part 4  Cultural issues in science Education -- Chapter 13: Re-conceptualizing a lifelong science education system that supports diversity: The role of free-choice learning, Lynn D. Dierking -- Chapter 14: Ignoring half the Sky: A feminist critique of science education’s knowledge society, Kathryn Scantlebury, Anita Hussénius, Kristina Andersson and Annica Gullberg -- Chapter 15: Religion in Science Education, Michael J. Reiss -- Chapter 16: Students’ perceptions of apparent contradictions between science and religion: Creation is only the beginning, Berry Billingsley -- Chapter 17: Gender and science in the Arab states: Current status and future prospects, Saouma BouJaoude & Ghada Gholam.
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  • 18
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400765375
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVII, 762 p. 17 illus, digital)
    Serie: History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences 1
    Serie: SpringerLink
    Serie: Bücher
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. Kampourakis, Kostas The Philosophy of Biology
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Study and teaching ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Study and teaching
    Kurzfassung: This book brings together for the first time philosophers of biology to write about some of the most central concepts and issues in their field from the perspective of biology education. The chapters of the book cover a variety of topics ranging from traditional ones, such as biological explanation, biology and religion or biology and ethics, to contemporary ones, such as genomics, systems biology or evolutionary developmental biology. Each of the 30 chapters covers the respective philosophical literature in detail and makes specific suggestions for biology education. The aim of this book is to inform biology educators, undergraduate and graduate students in biology and related fields, students in teacher training programs, and curriculum developers about the current state of discussion on the major topics in the philosophy of biology and its implications for teaching biology. In addition, the book can be valuable to philosophers of biology as an introductory text in undergraduate and graduate courses
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Foreword; Contents; Contributors; Philosophy of Biology and Biology Education: An Introduction; 1 Prolegomena: The Rationale and Aims of this Book; 2 The Science of Life; 3 The Nature of Evolutionary Theory; 4 Evolutionary Theory and Religion; 5 Evolution at the Molecular Level; 6 Evolution and Development; 7 Integrating Levels: Taking Ecology and Microbiology Seriously into Account; 8 Conceptual Obstacles to Understanding Evolution: Essentialism and Teleology; 9 "Proximate" Phenomena: Functions, Mechanisms, Information and the Systemic Approach in Biology
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 10 Genetics: Beyond Mendel and Genetic Determinism11 Biology and Ethics; What Is Life?; 1 Introduction; 2 Concepts and Definitions: From Philosophy to Science; 3 Limitations of Our Current Understanding of Life; 4 Searching for Alternative Forms of Life; 5 Conclusion; References; Biological Explanation; 1 Introduction; 2 Biology and Philosophical Accounts of Explanation; 3 Explanation and Scientific Practice; 4 Conclusion: Teaching About Biological Explanation; 4.1 Suggestion 1: Do Not Overly Emphasize Laws When Thinking About Biology Explanations
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 4.2 Suggestion 2: Explicitly Motivate Forms of Explanation That Are Common in Biology4.3 Suggestion 3: Resist the Temptation to Simplify the Diversity of Approaches in Biology and Their Apparent Incompatibility; 4.4 Suggestion 4: Explicitly Consider the Role of Models-Partial, Unrealistic Representation; 4.5 Suggestion 5: Emphasize Methodological Differences Over Seemingly Ideological Differences; Teach That a Plurality of Approaches Is Here to Stay; References; What Would Natural Laws in the Life Sciences Be?; 1 Introduction; 2 Laws of Nature: The Standard Picture
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 3 The Problem of Exceptions4 The Problem of Accidentalness; 5 Evolutionary Accidents as Laws of Certain Fields of Biology; 6 Conclusion; References; The Nature of Evolutionary Biology: At the Borderlands Between Historical and Experimental Science; 1 On the Scientific Status of Evolutionary Theory; 2 The Fisher-Wright Debates and the Importance of Stochastic Events in Evolution; 3 Gould and the Project for a Nomothetic Evolutionary Biology; 4 The Modern Study of Chance vs. Necessity; 5 The Philosophical Context: Cleland's Analysis
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 6 Conclusion: Chance and Necessity Within the Extended SynthesisReferences; Evolutionary Theory and the Epistemology of Science; 1 Introduction; 2 Epistemological Background; 2.1 The Traditional Account of Knowledge; 2.2 Evidence and Knowledge; 3 Objections to Evolutionary Theory; 3.1 Evolution Is a Mere Theory; 3.2 Evolution Is not Falsifiable; 3.3 Evolution Makes no Predictions; 3.4 Evolution Has Been Falsified; 4 The Evidence for Evolution; 5 Conclusions; References; Conceptual Change and the Rhetoric of Evolutionary Theory: 'Force Talk' as a Case Study and Challenge for Science Pedagogy
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1 Conceptual Schemes and Darwin's Interacting Metaphors
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Foreword; Michael Ruse -- Philosophy of Biology and Biology Education: An Introduction; Kostas Kampourakis -- What is life?; Carol Cleland and Michael Zerella -- Biological Explanation; Angela Potochnik -- What would Natural Laws in the Life Sciences be?;  Marc Lange -- The Nature of Evolutionary Biology: at the borderlands between Historical and Experimental Science; Massimo Pigliucci -- Evolutionary Theory and the Epistemology of Science; Kevin McCain & Brad Weslake -- Conceptual Change and the Rhetoric of Evolutionary Theory: ‘Force Talk’ as a case study and Challenge for Science Pedagogy; David Depew -- Debating the Power and Scope of Adaptation; Patrick Forber -- Biology and Religion: The Case for Evolution, Francisco Ayala -- The Implications of Evolutionary Biology for Religious Belief; Denis Alexander -- Intelligent Design and the Nature of Science: Philosophical and Pedagogical Points, Ingo Brigandt -- Molecular Evolution, Michael Dietrich -- Educational Lessons from Evolutionary Properties of the Sexual Genome; John Avise -- Non-genetic Inheritance and Evolution; Tobias Uller -- Homology, Alessandro Minelli & Giuseppe Fusco -- Teaching Evolutionary Developmental Biology: Concepts, Problems and Controversy; Alan Love -- Philosophical Issues in Ecology, James Justus -- Small Things, Big Consequences: Microbiological Perspectives on Biology; Michael J. Duncan, Pierrick Bourrat, Jennifer DeBerardinis, & Maureen O’ Malley -- Essentialism in Biology; John Wilkins -- Biological Teleology: the Need for History; James Lennox & Kostas Kampourakis -- Biology's Functional Perspective: Roles, Advantages and Organization; Arno Wouters -- Understanding Biological Mechanisms: Using Illustrations from Circadian Rhythm Research; William Bechtel -- Information in the Biological Sciences; Alfredo Marcos and Robert Arp -- Systems Biology and Education; Pierre Alain Braillard -- Putting Mendel in His Place: How Curriculum Reform in Genetics and Counterfactual History of Science Can Work Together; Annie Jamieson & Gregory Radick -- Against “Genes For”: Could an Inclusive Concept of Genetic Material Effectively Replace Gene Concepts?; Richard Burian & Kostas Kampourakis -- Current Thinking about Nature and Nurture, David Moore -- Genomics and Society: Why “Discovery” Matters; Lisa Gannett -- Philosophical Issues in Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Research; Andrew Siegel -- Ethics in Biomedical Research and Practice; Anya Plutynski -- Environmental Ethics; Roberta Millstein.
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  • 19
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400741928
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVII, 390 p. 131 illus, digital)
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: Models and Modeling in Science Education 7
    Serie: SpringerLink
    Serie: Bücher
    DDC: 570.71
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Electronic books
    Kurzfassung: This new publication in the Models and Modeling in Science Education series synthesizes a wealth of international research on using multiple representations in biology education and aims for a coherent framework in using them to improve higher-order learning. Addressing a major gap in the literature, the volume proposes a theoretical model for advancing biology educators' notions of how multiple external representations (MERs) such as analogies, metaphors and visualizations can best be harnessed for improving teaching and learning in biology at all pedagogical levels. The content tackles the c
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Multiple Representations in Biological Education; Foreword; Preface; References; Contents; Contributors; Part I: Role of Multiple Representations in Learning Biology; Chapter 1: Introduction to Multiple Representations: Their Importance in Biology and Biological Education; Seeking a Unifying Theoretical Framework for Learning with Multiple Representations; MERs and Their Pedagogical Functions; Learning with MERs; Functional Taxonomy of Multiple Representations; Costs of Learning with MERs; Dimensions of Multiple External Representations (MERs) for Biological Science; Modes of Representations
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Levels of RepresentationsDomain Knowledge of Biology; A Theoretical Model for Interpreting Learning with MERs in Biology; Examining and Interpreting the Chapters with the Cube Model; Learning Through Translations Across MERs; Limitations of the Cube Model; Mesocosmic Representations; Anthropocentric or Human-Centered Representations; Systems Representations; Learning New Biology with MERs in the Twenty-First Century; References; Chapter 2: Identifying and Developing Students´ Ability to Reason with Concepts and Representations in Biology; Introduction; Description of the CRM Model
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Using the CRM Model to Classify Expert Ways of ReasoningUsing the CRM Model to Guide the Assessment and Interpretation of ERs; Using the CRM Model to Analyze Student Difficulties for the Nature and Potential Source of Unsound Reasoning; Reasoning Difficulties with an ER of the Cardiac Cycle; Reasoning Difficulties with Symbolism in Molecular Biology; Reasoning Difficulties with an ER of the Structure of Immunoglobulin G (IgG); Reasoning Difficulties with Metabolic Pathways Occurring in Cells; Application of the CRM Model to the Design of Remediation Strategies; Conclusion; References
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Chapter 3: Pictures in Biology EducationIntroduction; Pictures in the Continuum of Inscriptions; Pictures in Printed and Online Media; Analysis of Photographs in High School Textbooks; Pictures in Lectures; Social Origin of Picture Content; Scientists Learn to Read Photographic Images; Implications for Biology Curriculum; Appendix: Transcription Conventions; References; Chapter 4: Possible Constraints of Visualization in Biology: Challenges in Learning with Multiple Representations; Introduction; Need for Effective Visualizations in the Biology Domain; Decorations; Diet and Cholesterol
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Opening Page of Book ChaptersModels; A 3-D Model of Human Anatomy; A 3-D Model of Respiratory System Function; Self-Generated Model of Respiratory System Structure; A Live Ecosystem Model: The Aquarium; Scales; Size Scales; Temporal Scales; Temporal Changes in Structures; Superficial Interpretation of Familiar, Common Representations; Teachers´ Representations on the Classroom Board; Some Final Words; References; Chapter 5: Promoting the Collaborative Use of Cognitive and Metacognitive Skills Through Conceptual Representations in Hypermedia; Introduction; Theoretical Framework
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Hypermedia as Representational Tools
    Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9789400751989
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 191 p, digital)
    Serie: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 34
    Serie: SpringerLink
    Serie: Bücher
    Paralleltitel: Buchausg. u.d.T. Ackert, Lloyd Sergei Vinogradskii and the cycle of life
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Science (General) ; Science History ; Ecology ; Science, general ; Science (General) ; Science History ; Ecology ; Winogradsky, S ; (Serge), 1856-1953 ; Microbiologists ; Ukraine ; Biography ; Winogradsky, Serge 1856-1953 ; Mikrobiologe ; Biografie ; Winogradsky, Serge 1856-1953 ; Mikrobiologe ; Biografie
    Kurzfassung: This is one of those biographies that provide a window onto the broader understanding of science in its social and cultural context. Using Sergei Nikolaevich Vinogradskii's career and scientific research trajectory as a point of entry, this book illustrates the manner in which microbiologists, chemists, botanists, and plant physiologists inscribed the concept of a ""cycle of life"" into their investigations. Their research transformed a longstanding notion into the fundamental approaches and concepts that underlay the new ecological disciplines that emerged in the 1920s. The book presents a re
    Kurzfassung: This is one of those biographies that provide a window onto the broader understanding of science in its social and cultural context. Using Sergei Nikolaevich Vinogradskii’s career and scientific research trajectory as a point of entry, this book illustrates the manner in which microbiologists, chemists, botanists, and plant physiologists inscribed the concept of a “cycle of life” into their investigations. Their research transformed a longstanding notion into the fundamental approaches and concepts that underlay the new ecological disciplines that emerged in the 1920s. The book presents a reconstruction of significant episodes of Vinogradskii’s laboratory practices and the role of theory in their development. It paints the broader picture of the history of ecology, microbiology and soil science and how these are uniquely united: through the concept of the cycle of life.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Sergei Vinogradskii and the Cycle of Life; Acknowledgements; Contents; Introduction; Part I: Plant Physiology; Chapter 1: A Synthesis of Thermodynamics and Bioenergetics in Plant Physiology: The Investigation of a Moody Apprentice; The Gentleman Chooses Science; The Cycle of Life in European Science; Chapter 2: The Exchange of Matter and the Transformation of Energy; Famintsyn's Approach to the Cycle of Life; Physiological Debates on the Nature of Microorganisms; The Intellectual Context for Vinogradskii's 1883 Report; Vinogradskii's Style; Part II: Experiment and Natural History
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Chapter 3: The Laboratory is Nature: Investigating the Cycle of Life Under the MicroscopeA Comfortable Internship: Anton de Bary's Laboratory at the University of Strassburg; A Brush with German Darwinism: Vinogradskii's Sulphur Spring Expeditions; Species Constancy: Vinogradskii's Physiological Interpretation of the Monomorphism-Pleiomorphism Debate; Chapter 4: Free Nature in the Laboratory; Beggiatoa Nutrition; Vinogradskii's Virtuosity: The Role of Sulphur in Beggiatoa Nutrition; A New Physiological Type; The Reception of Vinogradskii's Research; Part III: Ecology
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Chapter 5: Vinogradskii's Transformation from Plant Physiologist to Ecologist, 1890-1920Autotrophism; Nitrification as a Biological Phenomenon; Soil Microbiology at the Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine; Chapter 6: Soil Science and Russian Ecology; Vinogradskii's Contributions; Physiological Ecology; Beketov Without Darwin: Vinogradskii's Concept of the Cycle of Life; Scientific Forestry: Vinogradskii Retires to Gorodok; Part IV: French Agriculture; Chapter 7: The Master of Brie-Compte-Robert and His "Direct Method:" Translating the Cycle of Life into Ecology
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Vinogradskii Comes to Brie-Comte-Robert: The Resurrection of a CareerThe Direct Method in 1923: Its First Explication; The Direct Method in 1925: The Rise of Soil Microbiology; Chapter 8: Ecological Microbiology; Ecological Microbiology in 1925; The Direct Method in the Late 1920s; The Direct Method and Microflora in the Early 1930s; Part V: The Impact of Vinogradskii's Work; Chapter 9: Science is Ecological and Ecology is Scientific: The Uptake of Vinogradskii's Direct Methods; The "Cycle of Life" at the Rutgers Agricultural Experiment Station; A "Holistic Habit of Mind"40
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Statistical Soil Science: Rothamsted Agricultural Experiment StationIn Beijerinck's Backyard: The Delft School of Microbiology; Chapter 10: Vinogradskii's Reception in Russian and Soviet Microbiology; Vinogradskii's First Student, V. L. Omelianskii: Microbes as "Living Reactives"; Nikolai Kholodnyi: Iron Bacteria Research and Vinogradskii's Direct Method; The Role of Microbes in Russian and Soviet Soil Science; Ecological Microbiology in the Soviet Union; Chapter 11: Conclusions; Bibliography; Manuscripts Collections Visited; General Sources; Vinogradskii's Publications Cited; Index
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9781139782661
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (366 Seiten)
    Serie: EBL-Schweitzer
    Paralleltitel: Print version Resilience and the Cultural Landscape
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Resilience and the cultural landscape
    DDC: 304.2
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Landscape changes ; Cultural landscapes ; Cultural landscapes ; Landscape changes ; Cultural landscapes ; Landscape changes ; Electronic books ; Kulturlandschaftswandel ; Landnutzung ; Landschaftsgestaltung ; Landschaftsschutz
    Kurzfassung: "All over the world, efforts are being made to preserve landscapes facing fundamental change as a consequence of widespread agricultural intensification, land abandonment and urbanisation. The 'cultural' and 'resilience' approaches have, until now, largely been viewed as distinct methods for understanding the effects of these dynamics, and the ways in which they might be adapted or managed. "--
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Cover; Resilience and the Cultural Landscape: Understanding and Managing Change in Human-Shaped Environments; Title; Copyright; Contents; Contributors; Preface; Note; PART I: CONCEPTUALISING LANDSCAPES AS SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS; 1 Connecting cultural landscapes to resilience; Two views on values and changes of cultural landscapes; Challenges to cultural landscapes; Globalisation of landscapes; Landscapes of agricultural intensification and expansion; Marginalised and abandoned landscapes; Landscapes of urbanisation and land consumption; Landscapes of renewable power
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Nature conservation landscapesMultifunctional landscapes; Local and international action for landscapes; The cultural landscapes approach; The resilience approach; Prospects for linking landscape and resilience research; Note; References; 2 Landscapes as integrating frameworks for human, environmental and policy processes; Introduction; The changing cultural landscape; Changing perspectives on landscape governance; Landscape change and resilience; Landscapes as resilient social-ecological systems; The pursuit of 'good' landscape resilience; Conclusions; References
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 3 From cultural landscapes to resilient social-ecological systems: transformation of a classical paradigm or a novel approach?Introduction; The resilience approach to social-ecological systems; The cultural landscape concept; Similarities and differences between the two approaches; Explanation of the similarities between the two approaches; Conclusion; Acknowledgements; Notes; References; 4 Conceptualising the human in cultural landscapes and resilience thinking; Introduction; The human as conceptualised in cultural landscape thinking
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 6 Resilience thinking versus political ecology: understanding the dynamics of small-scale, labour-intensive farming landscapesThe problem; Small-scale farming landscapes in eastern Africa, as seen from two perspectives; Where is the boundary of the system?; What is the nature of agrarian societies?; Different conceptualisations: different world views?; Understanding European small-scale landscapes; Esch landscapes in Drenthe, the Netherlands; Bocage in Bretagne; Summer farms in Sweden; The historical evidence; Some concluding thoughts; Acknowledgements; References
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: PART II: ANALYSING LANDSCAPE RESILIENCE
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Machine generated contents note: Preface; 1. Connecting cultural landscapes to resilience Tobias Plieninger and Claudia Bieling; Part I. Conceptualising Landscapes and Social-Ecological Systems: 2. Landscapes as integrating frameworks for human, environmental and policy processes Paul Selman; 3. From cultural landscapes to resilient social-ecological systems: transformation of a classical paradigm or a novel approach? Thomas Kirchoff, Fridolin Brand and Deborah Hoheisel; 4. Conceptualising the human in cultural landscapes and resilience thinking Lesley Head; 5. System or arena? Conceptual concerns around the analysis of landscape dynamics Marie Stenseke, Regina Lindborg, Annika Dhalberg and Elin Sla;tmo; 6. Resilience thinking vs. political ecology: understanding the dynamics of small-scale, labour-intensive farming landscapes Mats Widgren; Part II. Analysing Landscape Resilience: 7. In search of resilient behaviour: using the driving forces framework to study cultural landscapes Matthias Bürgi, Felix Kienast and Anna M. Hersperger; 8. Cultural landscapes as complex adaptive systems: the cases of northern Spain and northern Argentina Alejandro J. Rescia, Mari;a E. Pe;rez-Corona, Paula Arribas-Ureña and John W. Dover; 9. Linking path dependency and resilience for the analysis of landscape development Andreas Röhring and Ludger Gailing; 10. The sugar-cane landscape of the Caribbean islands: resilience, adaptation and transformation of the plantation social-ecological system William Found and Marta Berbe;s-Blázquez; 11. Offshore wind farming on Germany's North Sea coast: tracing regime shifts across scales Kira Gee and Benjamin Burkhard; Part III. Managing Landscapes for Resilience: 12. Collective efforts to manage cultural landscapes for resilience Katrin Prager; 13. Response strategy assessment: a tool for evaluating resilience for the management of social-ecological systems Magnus Tuvendal and Thomas Elmqvist; 14. Ecosystem services and social-ecological resilience in transhumance cultural landscapes: learning from the past, looking for a future Elisa Oteros-Rozas, Jose; A. González, Berta Marti;n-López, Ce;sar A. López and Carlos Montes; 15. The role of homegardens in strengthening social-ecological resilience: case studies from Cuba and Austria Christine Van der Stege, Brigitte Vogl-Lukasser and Christian R. Vogl; 16. Promises and pitfalls of adaptive management in resilience thinking: the lens of political ecology Bets ...
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  • 22
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781139572828
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (292 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Boesch, Christophe Wild cultures
    DDC: 304.2
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    Schlagwort(e): Animal behavior ; Chimpanzees -- Behavior ; Animal behavior ; Chimpanzees ; Behavior ; Electronic books ; Schimpanse ; Mensch ; Kulturvergleich
    Kurzfassung: A journey into the lives of chimpanzees, revealing the many parallels and differences between us.
    Kurzfassung: Cover -- Wild Cultures: A Comparison Between Chimpanzee and Human Cultures -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- And the culture war started … -- Chimpanzee ethnography to uncover culture -- Cultural biases and scientific progress -- 1 Studying culture in the wild -- To study animals, all you need is love -- First steps towards chimpanzee culture -- Gombe National Park, Tanzania, May 1992 -- Taï National Park, Côte d'Ivoire, October 1989 -- About animals, ignorance, and anthropocentrism -- Time to realize that Descartes got it wrong -- Synopsis -- 2 From human culture to wild culture -- Culture and ecology in humans -- Different approaches to culture -- Animal ethnography to expose animal cultures -- Imo, the cultural innovator -- Social transmission of cultural traits -- The paradox of studying "culture outside of culture" -- Animal cultures to learn about human cultures -- Synopsis -- 3 Shaping nature into home About material culture -- Taï Forest, December 1990 -- Tool makers in evolution -- Material culture shapes one's own world -- Technology boosts chimpanzee cultural ethnography -- Cumulative cultural evolution in chimpanzees -- When culture and environment mix -- Material culture in other species -- History of material culture: chimpanzee Stone Age -- Contribution to the cultural debate -- Synopsis -- 4 One for all and all for one About social culture -- Taï Forest, September 1976 -- Taï Forest, October 1992 -- Gombe National Park, Tanzania, April 1992 -- Hunting cultures in chimpanzees -- Cooperation: acting at the same time or acting together? -- Cooperation in high-risk situations -- Cultural altruism in chimpanzees -- Social niche construction in animals -- Contribution to the cultural debate -- Synopsis -- 5 I want to have sex with you About symbolic culture.
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  • 23
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511921520
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (xxiii, 631 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 304.2
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    Schlagwort(e): Environmental education ; Environmental sciences ; Interdisziplinarität ; Umwelterziehung ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Humanökologie ; Umweltwissenschaften ; Umweltwissenschaften ; Umwelterziehung ; Humanökologie ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Interdisziplinarität
    Kurzfassung: In an era where humans affect virtually all of the earth's processes, questions arise about whether we have sufficient knowledge of human-environment interactions. How can we sustain the Earth's ecosystems to prevent collapses and what roles should practitioners and scientists play in this process? These are the issues central to the concept of environmental literacy. This unique book provides a comprehensive review and analysis of environmental literacy within the context of environmental science and sustainable development. Approaching the topic from multiple perspectives, it explores the development of human understanding of the environment and human-environment interactions in the fields of biology, psychology, sociology, economics and industrial ecology. The discussion emphasises the importance of knowledge integration and transdisciplinary processes as key strategies for understanding complex human-environment systems (HES). In addition, the author defines the HES framework as a template for investigating sustainably coupled human-environment systems in the 21st century
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Machine generated contents note: List of boxes; Overview; Roadmap to environmental literacy; Part I. Invention of the Environment: Origins, Transdisciplinarity, and Theory of Science Perspectives: 1. What knowledge about what environment?; 2. From environmental literacy to transdisciplinarity; 3. Basic epistemological assumptions; Part II. History of Biological Knowledge: 4. Emerging knowledge on morphology, ecology, and evolution; 5. From molecular structures to ecosystems; Part III. Contributions of Psychology: 6. Psychological approaches to human-environment interactions; 7. Drivers of individual behavior and action; Part IV. Contributions of Sociology: 8. Traditional sociological approaches to human-environment interactions; 9. Modern sociological approaches to human-environment interactions; Part V. Contributions of Economics: 10. Origins of economic thinking and the environment; 11. Contemporary economic theories dealing with the environment; Part VI. Contributions of Industrial Ecology: 12. The emergence of industrial ecology; 13. Industrial agents and global biogeochemical dynamics; Part VII. Beyond Disciplines and Sciences: 14. Integrated systems modeling of complex human-environment systems Roland W. Scholz, Justus Gallati, Quang Bao Le and Roman Seidl; 15. Transdisciplinarity -- a tool for environmental literacy; Part VIII. A Framework for Investigating Human-Environment Systems (HES): 16. The HES postulates; 17. The HES framework Roland W. Scholz, Claudia R. Binder and Daniel J. Lang; 18. Applying the HES framework Roland W. Scholz, Claudia R. Binder, Daniel J. Lang, Timo Smieszek and Michael Stauffacher; 19. Comparing the HES framework with alternative approaches Roland W. Scholz and Fridolin Brand; Part IX. Perspectives for Environmental Literacy: 20. New horizons: environmental and sustainability sciences; Glossary; References; Index
    Anmerkung: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 24
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511781360
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 562 pages)
    DDC: 304.5
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    Schlagwort(e): Soziobiologie ; Sozialverhalten ; Evolution ; Ökologie ; Genetik
    Kurzfassung: Humans live in large and extensive societies and spend much of their time interacting socially. Likewise, most other animals also interact socially. Social behaviour is of constant fascination to biologists and psychologists of many disciplines, from behavioural ecology to comparative biology and sociobiology. The two major approaches used to study social behaviour involve either the mechanism of behaviour - where it has come from and how it has evolved, or the function of the behaviour studied. With guest articles from leaders in the field, theoretical foundations along with recent advances are presented to give a truly multidisciplinary overview of social behaviour, for advanced undergraduate and graduate students. Topics include aggression, communication, group living, sexual behaviour and co-operative breeding. With examples ranging from bacteria to social mammals and humans, a variety of research tools are used, including candidate gene approaches, quantitative genetics, neuro-endocrine studies, cost-benefit and phylogenetic analyses and evolutionary game theory.
    Anmerkung: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 25
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511840357
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 530 pages)
    DDC: 599.93/8
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanökologie ; Hominisation
    Kurzfassung: We are destroying our natural environment at a constantly increasing pace, and in so doing undermining the preconditions of our own existence. Why is this so? This book reveals that our ecologically disruptive behaviour is in fact rooted in our very nature as a species. Drawing on evolution theory, biology, anthropology, archaeology, economics, environmental science and history, this book explains the ecological predicament of humankind by placing it in the context of the first scientific theory of our species' development, taking over where Darwin left off. The theory presented is applied in detail to the whole of our seven-million-year history. Due to its comprehensiveness, and in part thanks to its extensive glossary and index, this book can function as a compact encyclopædia covering the whole development of Homo sapiens. It would also suit a variety of courses in the life and social sciences. Most importantly, Too Smart for our Own Good makes evident the very core of the paradigm to which our species must shift if it is to survive. Anyone concerned about the future of humankind should read this groundbreaking work.
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  • 26
    Buch
    Buch
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Dazugehörige Bände/Artikel
    ISBN: 0521899656 , 9780521899659
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: xiii, 289 p , ill. (some col.) , 24 cm
    DDC: 611/.0188
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    Schlagwort(e): Neuroglia ; Myelination ; Oligodendroglia physiology ; Myelin Sheath
    Kurzfassung: "Traditionally, oligodendrocytes have been assumed to play a minor supporting role in the central nervous system and their importance has generally been overlooked. For the first time, this book provides a dedicated review of all of the major aspects of oligodendrocyte biology, including development, organization, genetics, and immunobiology. Later chapters emphasize the importance of this underestimated cell to the mammalian central nervous system by exploring the role of myelin synthesis and maintenance in neural disease and repair. Particular attention is paid to multiple sclerosis (MS), arguably the prime example of an acquired demyelinating disease, with detailed examinations of the current concepts regarding demyelination, oligodendroglial damage, and remyelination in MS lesions"--
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 202-277) and index , CNS oligarchs: the rise of the oligodendrocyte in a neuron-centric culture , Comparative biology of Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes , Control of oligodendrocyte development and myelination in the vertebrate CNS , Molecular organization of the oligodendrocyte and myelin , The genetics of oligodendrocytes , Immunobiology of the oligodendrocyte , Oligodendrocytes and disease: repair, remyelination and stem cells , Glial progenitor cells and the dynamics of the oligodendrocyte and its myelin in the aged and injured CNS , Oligodendroglial pathology in multiple sclerosis , Glutamate receptors, transporters, and periventricular leukomalacia
    URL: Cover
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9780511628719
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 639 pages) , digital, PDF file(s)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Scientific controversies
    DDC: 303.4/83
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    Schlagwort(e): Technology Case studies Social aspects ; Technology Case studies Philosophy ; Science Case studies Social aspects ; Science Case studies Philosophy ; Science ; Social aspects ; Case studies ; Technology ; Social aspects ; Case studies ; Science ; Philosophy ; Case studies ; Technology ; Philosophy ; Case studies ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Naturwissenschaften ; Soziologie ; Naturwissenschaften ; Technik ; Kontroverse ; Ethik
    Kurzfassung: This collection of essays examines the ways in which disputes and controversies about the application of scientific knowledge are resolved. Four concrete examples of public controversy are considered in detail: the efficacy of Laetrile, the classification of homosexuality as a disease, the setting of safety standards in the workplace, and the utility of nuclear energy as a source of power. The essays in this volume show that debates about these cases are not confined to matters of empirical fact. Rather, as is seen with most scientific and technical controversies, they focus on and are structured by complex ethical, economic, and political interests. Drs. Engelhardt and Caplan have brought together a distinguished group of scholars from the sciences and humanities, who sketch a theory of scientific controversy and attempt to provide recommendations about the ways in which both scientists and the public ought to seek more informed resolutions of highly contentious issues in science and technology. Scientific Controversies is offered as a contribution to the better understanding of the roles of both science and nonscientific interests in disputes and controversies pertaining to science and technology
    Anmerkung: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015) , Homosexuality. Politics, science, and the problem of psychiatric nomenclature : a case study of the American Psychiatric Association referendum on homosexuality , Patterns of controversy and closure : the interplay of knowledge, values, and political forces , The diagnostic status of homosexuality in DSM-III : a reformulation of the issues , On arriving at the American Psychiatric Association decision on homosexuality , Safety in the workplace. Values in the debate over workplace safety and health : the rancorous rhetoric about regulation / r Gilbert S. Omenn ; The successful experiment that failed , The power of efficiency : balancing benefits and costs in regulating occupational exposure to toxic substances , Closure in occupational safety and health : the benzene and cotton dust decisions , Nuclear power. Nuclear fear : a history and an experiment , Closure and controversy : Three Mile Island , Understanding the nuclear power controversy , Controversy, closure, and the public. The role of the mass media in scientific controversy , The National Commission on Human Experimentation : procedures and outcomes , The forms and norms of closure / Ruth Macklin. , Theoretical perspectives. Ethical theory and the problem of closure , Scientific controversy and its termination , The political anatomy of controversy in the sciences , Controversies involving science and technology : a theoretical perspective , Politics, public policy-making, and the process of reaching closure , The role of experts in scientific controversy , The continental drift debate , How history and politics affect closure in biomedical discussions : the example of the Soviet Union , Scientific disputes over policy , Controversies and the authority of science , Post-Skinner and post-Freud : philosophical causes of scientific disagreements , Contemporary case studies. Laetrile. Resolution of the Laetrile controversy : past attempts and future prospects , Federal regulation of Laetrile , Quasi libertarianism and the Laetrile controversy , Judicial deflection of scientific questions : pushing the Laetrile controversy toward medical closure
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  • 28
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511819889
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (viii, 257 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 303.4
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    Schlagwort(e): Darwin, Charles / 1809-1882 ; Social evolution ; Sociology ; Natural selection ; Natürliche Auslese ; Soziale Evolution ; Kulturelle Evolution ; Soziologie ; Soziale Differenzierung ; Neodarwinismus ; Neodarwinismus ; Soziale Evolution ; Natürliche Auslese ; Kulturelle Evolution ; Soziale Differenzierung ; Soziologie
    Kurzfassung: In The Theory of Cultural and Social Selection, W. G. Runciman presents an original and wide-ranging account of the fundamental process by which human cultures and societies come to be of the different kinds that they are. Drawing on and extending recent advances in neo-Darwinian evolutionary theory, Runciman argues that collective human behaviour should be analyzed as the acting-out of information transmitted at the three separate but interacting levels of heritable variation and competitive selection - the biological, the cultural, and the social. The implications which this carries for a reformulation of the traditional agenda of comparative and historical sociology are explored with the help of selected examples, and located within the context of current debates about sociological theory and practice. The Theory of Cultural and Social Selection is a succinct and highly imaginative contribution to one of the great intellectual debates of our times, from one of the world's leading social theorists
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Prologue : the Darwinian legacy -- The neo-Darwinian paradigm -- Natural selection and evoked behaviour -- Cultural selection and acquired behaviour -- Social selection and imposed behaviour -- Selectionist theory as narrative history -- Epilogue : sociology in a post-Darwinian world
    Anmerkung: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9780511521348
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (XII, 306 Seiten)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 303.6/6
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    Schlagwort(e): Darwin, Charles / 1809-1882 / Influence ; Darwin, Charles ; Geschichte 1859-1918 ; Geschichte ; Psychologie ; Weltkrieg (1914-1918) ; Aggressiveness / History ; Social Darwinism / History ; Biopolitics / History ; World War, 1914-1918 / Causes ; War / Psychological aspects / History ; Peace / Psychological aspects / History ; Theorie ; Biologie ; Friede ; Krieg ; Darwinismus ; Soziobiologie ; Gesellschaft ; Sozialdarwinismus ; Darwinismus ; Gesellschaft ; Darwinismus ; Krieg ; Krieg ; Theorie ; Darwinismus ; Geschichte 1859-1918 ; Krieg ; Sozialdarwinismus ; Geschichte 1859-1918 ; Krieg ; Soziobiologie ; Geschichte 1859-1918 ; Darwin, Charles 1809-1882 On the origin of species by means of natural selection ; Krieg ; Friede ; Krieg ; Friede ; Biologie ; Geschichte 1859-1918
    Kurzfassung: While much has been written upon Social Darwinism, the historical impact of Darwinism upon theories of war and human aggression has been sadly neglected. This book is the first to study this discourse in depth. It challenges the received view that Darwinism generated essentially aggressive and warlike social values and pugnacious images of humankind. Paul Crook reconstructs the influential discourse of 'peace biology', whose liberal vision was of a basically free humanity, not fettered by iron laws of biological necessity or governed by violent genes. By exploring a gamut of Darwinian readings of history and war, mainly in the English-speaking world to 1919, this study throws new light upon militarism, peace movements, the origins of World War I and British social thought
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1. The Darwinian legacy.--2. The age of Spencer and Huxley.--3. Crisis in the west: the pre-war generation and the new biology.-- 4. 'The natural decline of warfare': anti-war evolutionism prior to 1914.--5. The first owrld war: man the fighting animal.--6. The survival of peace biology.--7. Naturalistic fallacies and noble ends.--8. Conclusion
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  • 30
    ISBN: 9781402063541
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library 153
    DDC: 501
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    Schlagwort(e): Metaphysics ; Science Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Naturwissenschaften ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Philosophie ; Wissenschaftlicher Fortschritt
    Kurzfassung: Answers questions raised by the incommensurability thesis. This book provides a conception of science in which scientific progress is based on both rational and empirical considerations
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Front Matter; The Deductive Model; The Basis Of The Logical Empiricist Conception Of Science; The Basis Of The Popperian Conception Of Science; The Logical Empiricist Conception Of Scientific Progress; The Popperian Conception Of Scientific Progress; Popper, Lakatos, And The Transcendence Of The Deductive Model; Kuhn, Feyerabend, And In Commensurability; The Gestalt Model; The Perspectivist Conception Of Science; Development Of The Perspectivist Conception In The Context Of The Kinetic Theory Of Gases; The Set-Theoretic Conception Of Science
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Application Of The Perspectivist Conception To The Views Of Newton, Kepler And GalileoBack Matter;
    Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 31
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402052187
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: International Library of Ethics, Law, and the New Medicine 34
    Serie: International library of ethics, law, and the new medicine
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. Hashiloni-Dolev, Yael A life (un)worthy of living
    DDC: 362.1983200943
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    Schlagwort(e): Ethics ; Reproductive Medicine ; Human genetics ; Sociology ; Philosophy (General) ; Reproductive Techniques ; Genetic Screening ; Genetic Screening ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Reproductive Techniques ; Israel ; Humangenetik ; Reproduktionsmedizin ; Ethik ; Deutschland ; Humangenetik ; Reproduktionsmedizin ; Ethik
    Kurzfassung: This book presents the findings of a study into the social shaping of reproductive genetics in Germany and Israel. The study reveals dramatic differences between German and Israeli societies in addressing the question of a life (un)worthy of living. A close analysis of the ways that these two societies handle the balance between the quality and sanctity of life illuminates controversies over reproductive genetics in an original and provocative way.
    Kurzfassung: Based on a variety of empirical materials the study reveals dramatic differences between the way that the German and Israeli societies address the question of a life (un)worthy of living: while in Germany, social, cultural, religious and legal conditions restrict the selection of embryos based on prenatal diagnosis, in Israel they strongly encourage it. A close comparative analysis of the ways that these two societies handle the delicate balance between the quality and sanctity of life illuminates the controversy around reproductive genetics in an original and provocative way. The study is also innovative in its use of contemporary social theory concerning the politics of life in comprehending the differences between two societies positioned at opposite extremes in their adoption of reproductive genetics. It thus offers an original cross-cultural discussion concerning present-day techno-medical manipulations of life itself.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Front Matter; Theoretical Background; Methodology; Getting to Know the Field of Reproductive Genetics in Israel and Germany; Genetic Counselors' Moral Practices; Abortions on Embryopathic Grounds: Policy and Practice in Israel and Germany; Sex Chromosome Anomalies (SCAs) in Israel and Germany: Assessing "Birth Defects" and edical Risks According to the Importance of Fertility*; "Wrongful Life", in the eyes of the law, the counselors and the disabled; The Conflicts Between Individuals, Families and Society, as Well as Between Different Family Members, Embodied in Reproductive Genetics
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Back Matter
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (p. 177-191) and index , Revision of the author's thesis (Ph. D.)--Tel Aviv University, 2005 , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 32
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402058226
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: The international library of environmental, agricultural and food ethics Vol. 11
    DDC: 174.957286
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    Schlagwort(e): Genomics ; Intellectual property
    Kurzfassung: This volume explores the legal, economic and political debate over intellectual property rights for traditional knowledge and genetic resources, analyzing theory and practice of access and benefits sharing around the world. The book investigates current flashpoints - the battle between Monsanto and Percy Schmeiser over farmers' rights; disputes over coexistence of genetically modified and organic produce; and ownership and control of human genetic materials stored in human gene banks around the world.
    Kurzfassung: There is a veritable gold rush mentality in the life science world as scientists, entrepreneurs and multinationals are staking claims to the code of life embodied in the world s current stock of plants, animals, microbes and human populations. This edited volume explores the legal, economic and political context for the debate about intellectual property rights for traditional knowledge and genetic resources and critically analyses the theory and practice of access and benefits sharing efforts around the world. The book also investigates the current flashpoints the David and Goliath battle between Monsanto and Percy Schmeiser over farmers rights, the dispute over coexistence of GM and organic production, and the ownership and control of human genetic materials stored in human gene banks around the world.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: CONTENTS; Contributors; Acknowledgements; PART ONE: ACCESS AND BENEFITS SHARING IN CONTEXT; 1. Introduction to the Challenge of Access and Benefit Sharing; PART TWO: SHARING THE BENEFITS OF INVENTIONS, PGRS AND TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE; 2. Ideology of the Commons and Property Rights: Who Owns PlantGenetic Resources and the Associated Traditional Knowledge?; 3. Farmers' Privilege and Patented Seeds; 4. Traditional Knowledge and Benefit Sharing: From Compensationto Transaction
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: 5. Biological Resources, Intellectual Property Rights and InternationalHuman Rights: Impacts on Indigenous and Local Communities6. Lost in Translation? The Rhetoric of Protecting Indigenous Peoples'Knowledge in International Law and the Omnipresent Realityof Biopiracy; PART THREE: IMPLEMENTING ACCESS AND BENEFITS SHARING; 7. Liability Principles and their Impact on Access and Benefits Sharing; 8. Beyond the Rhetoric: Population Genetics and Benefit-Sharing; 9. Bioprocessing Partnerships in Practice: A Decade of Experiencesat INBio in Costa Rica
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: PART FOUR: ACCESS AND BENEFIT SHARING IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM10. Conclusions: New Paths to Access and Benefit Sharing; Index;
    Anmerkung: Lizenzpflichtig , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9781402048203
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: Archimedes (Dordrecht, Netherlands) v. 15
    DDC: 580.22209033
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Botanik ; Illustration ; Geschichte 1700-1800 ; Pflanzen ; Illustration ; Geschichte 1700-1800 ; Botanik ; Illustration ; Geschichte 1700-1800
    Kurzfassung: This book is the first in-depth study of eighteenth-century botanical illustrations. Its findings offer a completely new insight into the working practices of the botanists and scientific draughtsmen of this period. The author describes the different production stages of these illustrations. For the first time, the author presents a convincing description of how botanical illustrations developed, ascertaining the criteria that drove this process.
    Kurzfassung: Presents a study of 18th-century botanical illustrations, offering insight into the working practices of botanists and scientific draughtsmen of this period. This book describes the different production stages of these illustrations, traces their uses, and explores their visual language, with particular emphasis on the difficult issue of colour
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction; The Making of Botanical Illustrations; The Content of Botanical Illustrations; The Role of Botanical Illustrations; Visual Language; Links with Tradition; The Construction of Botanical Illustrations; Methods and Materials
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Revised thesis (doctoral) - Universität, Bern, 2002 , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 34
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402029042
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 570.1
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Biology Mathematical models ; Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Models, Biological ; Philosophy ; Theoretische Biologie ; Forschungsgegenstand
    Kurzfassung: This book originated as a Festschrift to mark the publication of Volume 50 of the journal `Acta Biotheoretica' in 2002 and the journal's 70th anniversary in 2005. In it, eleven previously unpublished research papers have been collected that reflect the entire scope of topics on which `Acta Biotheoretica' publishes. `Acta Biotheoretica' is a journal on theoretical biology, published by Kluwer Academic Publishers, that has its roots in the Dutch tradition of theoretical biology. From the perspective of this tradition, theoretical biology is understood as encompassing a broad spectrum of disciplines ranging from mathematical biology to philosophy of biology. To reflect the Dutch roots of the journal, all papers have been invited from authors that work in The Netherlands. This book is aimed at an audience of theoretical and mathematical biologists, philosophers of biology and philosophers of science, and biologists in general.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preliminaries; Table of Contents; Chapter 1 The History of Acta Biotheoretica and the Nature of Theoretical Biology; Chapter 2 Images of the Genome; Chapter 3 The Functional Perspective of Organismal Biology; Chapter 4 Infectious Biology; Chapter 5 The Composite Species Concept; Chapter 6 The Wonderful Crucible of Life's Creation; Chapter 7 The Symbiontic Nature of Metabolic Evolution; Chapter 8 The Founder and Allee Effects in the Patch Occupancy Metapopulation Model; Chapter 9 Balancing Statistics and Ecology
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Chapter 10 Resilience and Persistence in the Context of Stochastic Population ModelsChapter 11 Evolution of Specialization and Ecological Character Displacement: Metabolic Plasticity; List of Contributors
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 35
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0521537541 , 0521830532
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xiv, 390 p) , ill , 25 cm
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. 2011 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: Cambridge studies in landscape ecology
    Paralleltitel: Print version Issues and Perspectives in Landscape Ecology
    DDC: 304.2
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    Schlagwort(e): Landscape ecology
    Kurzfassung: Through a series of personal essays by leading landscape ecologists, this book addresses a wide array of past, current, and future issues in landscape ecology. The essays are informative and entertaining and span multiple spectrums, addressing theory and practice, science and application, conservation and utilization, and aquatic and terrestrial systems
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Cover; Half-title; Series-title; Title; Copyright; Contents; Contributors; Preface; Introductory perspectives; PART I Introductory perspectives; 1 When is a landscape perspective important?; What is landscape ecology?; What is landscape structure?; What is a landscape-scale study?; When is a landscape perspective necessary?; When is a landscape perspective not necessary?; Impediments to landscape-scale studies; Acknowledgments; References; 2 Incorporating geographical (biophysical) principles in studies of landscape systems; Space as the main subject of landscape ecology analysis
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The principle of the hierarchical ordering of geocomponentsThe principle of the relative discontinuity of the natural environment; The principle of the delimitation of partial geocomplexes; The principle of equivalence of the bottom-up and top-down approaches to spatial division; The principle of the compound and temporally variable potential of a geocomplex; The principle of the delimitation and bioindicative assessment of the geocomplex on the basis of the vegetation cover; The principle of the minimization of energy costs; Final remarks; References
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: PART II Theory, experiments, and models in landscape ecology3 Theory in landscape ecology; Hierarchy theory and landscape scale; Percolation theory and hypothesis testing; Spatial population theory; Economic geography; Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; 4 Hierarchy theory and the landscape … level? or, Words do matter; References; 5 Equilibrium versus non-equilibrium landscapes; Conceptual considerations; Examples of different kinds of landscapes; Consequences; References; 6 Disturbances and landscapes: the little things count; Small landscape structures and their functions
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: What scale really matters to these functions?Tales from two continents; Disturbances and continua of landscape function; Implications for landscape preservation and restoration; Acknowledgments; References; 7 Scale and an organism-centric focus for studying interspecific interactions in landscapes; Three kinds of problems; An organism-centric approach; A case study; Some provisos; Scoping: interspecific interactions; Extensions; Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; 8 The role of experiments in landscape ecology; Why should landscape ecologists conduct experiments?
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: What kind of experiments should landscape ecologists conduct?Are landscape ecological experiments at all feasible?; Experiments on fundamental landscape ecological mechanisms; From small-scale experiments on mechanisms to inferences about landscape-level phenomena; Experimental model systems (EMS); Conclusion; References; 9 Spatial modeling in landscape ecology; Spatial models, expert knowledge, and data; Bringing together models and data yields more than the sum of both; Models are necessary for prediction; Correctly used, models are more powerful than crystal �balls or experts
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Strategic versus tactical models, or simple versus complex models
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 36
    Buch
    Buch
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0521453941 , 9780521453943 , 0521558948 , 9780521558945
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: xxi, 501 Seiten , Illustrationen
    DDC: 508.09
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    Schlagwort(e): Geschichte ; Geschichte 1600-1900 ; Naturgeschichte ; Naturwissenschaften ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Naturgeschichte ; Geschichte 1600-1900 ; Naturwissenschaften ; Geschichte 1600-1900 ; Naturgeschichte ; Geschichte
    Anmerkung: Transferred to digital printing 2005. - Hier auch später erschienende, unveränderte Nachdrucke
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  • 37
    ISBN: 9781402037030
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Serie: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 19
    DDC: 530.01
    RVK:
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    Schlagwort(e): History ; Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Physics History ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Naturphilosophie ; Geschichte 1600-1700 ; Wissenschaftliche Revolution ; Physik ; Naturwissenschaften ; Geschichte 1600-1700
    Kurzfassung: " The seventeenth century marked a critical phase in the emergence of modern science. But we misunderstand this process, if we assume that seventeenth-century modes of natural inquiry were identical to the highly specialised, professionalised and ever proliferating family of modern sciences practised today. In early modern Europe the central category for the study of nature was ""natural philosophy"", or as Robert Hooke called it in his Micrographia, the Science of Nature. In this discipline general theories of matter, cause, cosmology and method were devised, debated and positioned in relation to superior disciplines, such as theology, cognate disciplines, such as mathematics and ethics, and subordinate disciplines, such as the ""mixed mathematical sciences"" of astronomy, optics and mechanics. Thus, the ""Scientific Revolution"" of the Seventeenth Century did not witness the sudden birth of 'modern science' but rather conflict and change in the field of natural philosophy: Aristotelian natural philosophy was challenged and displaced, as thinkers competed to redefine natural philosophy and its relations to the superior, cognate and subordinate disciplines. From this process the more modern looking disciplines of natural science emerged, and the idea of a general Science of Nature suffered a slow demise. The papers in this collection focus on patterns of change in natural philosophy in the seventeenth century, aiming to encourage the use and articulation of this category in the historiography of science. The volume is intended for scholars and advanced students of early modern history of science, history of philosophy and intellectual history. Philosophers of science and sociologists of scientific knowledge concerned with historical issues will also find the volume of relevance. Above all, the volume is addressed to anyone interested in current debates about the origin and nature of modern science. "
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Introduction; The Onset of the Scientific Revolution; 'Waterworld': Descartes' Vortical Celestial Mechanics; Circular Argument; From Mechanics to Mechanism; The Autonomy of Natural Philosophy; Physico-Theology and the Mixed Sciences; The Saturn Problem; Experimental Versus Speculative Natural Philosophy
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographic references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 38
    ISBN: 0521467861 , 0521323703
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: XIII, 506 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Ausgabe: Eigth printing
    Serie: A Cambridge Reference Book
    DDC: 573.2
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Hominisation
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  • 39
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest
    ISBN: 9780511157677
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (448 pages)
    DDC: 300.6041
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    Schlagwort(e): National Association for the Promotion of Social Science ; Geschichte ; Sozialpolitik ; Soziologie ; Politik ; Großbritannien
    Kurzfassung: Goldman examines the origins of social policies, focusing on the Social Science Association.
    Anmerkung: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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  • 40
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest
    ISBN: 9781139147521
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (242 pages)
    Serie: Biosocial Society Symposium Series v.14
    DDC: 304.6
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    Kurzfassung: An introductory text on human population dynamics from a multi-disciplinary perspective.
    Anmerkung: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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  • 41
    Buch
    Buch
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0521470420 , 0521644046
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: X, 358 S. , Ill.
    Ausgabe: Repr.
    DDC: 306.709
    RVK:
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    Schlagwort(e): Human evolution ; Sex ; Sexualität ; Sexualverhalten ; Evolution ; Geschichte
    Anmerkung: Includes index
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  • 42
    Buch
    Buch
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0521771722
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: XII, 206 S , Ill., Kt , 24 cm
    Ausgabe: 1. publ.
    Serie: Studies in environment and history
    DDC: 333.9596430978
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    Schlagwort(e): American bison ; American bison hunting History ; Nature Effect of human beings on ; North America ; American bison ; American bison hunting History ; Nature Effect of human beings on ; North America ; American bison ; American bison hunting History ; Nature Effect of human beings on ; Nordamerika ; Bisonjagd ; Geschichte 1750-1920
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 43
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0511007256 , 9780511007255 , 1601197330 , 9781601197337 , 0511149077 , 9780511149078 , 9780521593427 , 0521593425
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: x, 211 p , ill , 26 cm
    Ausgabe: Boulder, Colo NetLibrary 2002 Online-Ressource E-Books von NetLibrary
    Serie: EBSCOhost eBook Collection
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Toko, Kiyoshi, 1953- Biomimetic sensor technology
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    Schlagwort(e): Biosensors. ; Chemoreceptors. ; Biosensing Techniques. ; Biosensors ; Chemoreceptors ; Biosensors. ; Chemoreceptors. ; Biosensing Techniques. ; Chemoreceptors. ; Chemoreceptors ; Biosensing Techniques ; Chemoreceptor Cells ; SCIENCE ; Biotechnology ; Biosensors ; Chemoreceptors ; Sensoren ; Biometrie ; Biomimetische Reaktion ; Biosensor ; Electronic books. ; Electronic books ; Electronic books. ; Electronic books Electronic books ; Biosensor ; Biomimetische Reaktion ; Biosensor ; Biomimetische Reaktion
    Kurzfassung: 1.Sensor and measurement --2.Chemical senses --3.Biomimetic membrane devices --4.Biosensors --5.Odor sensors --6.Taste sensors --7.Other methods to measure taste --8.Toward a sensor to reproduce human senses.
    Kurzfassung: This book deals with biomimetic sensors that can quantify taste and smell - the electronic tongue and nose. Of all sensor technologies, these have been widely considered as the most difficult to realise and the development of these sensors significantly contributes to the understanding of the reception mechanisms in gustatory and olfactory systems. The author begins by dealing with the basic principles of measurement and multivariate analysis. Reception mechanisms in biological systems are briefly reviewed. Several types of biosensor, including enzyme-immobilized membranes, SPR, the quartz resonance oscillator and IC technologies are explained in detail. This book is the first to focus on artificial taste and smell sensors and also reviews conventional biosensors, such as enzyme sensors, in detail
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction, Boulder, Colo : NetLibrary, 2002
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789401593892
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 549 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Suppl.: Rezensiert in Lasker, Daniel J. The Medieval Hebrew Encyclopedias of Science and Philosophy (review) 2003
    Serie: Amsterdam Studies in Jewish Thought 7
    Serie: Amsterdam Studies in Jewish Philosophy 7
    Serie: Springer eBook Collection
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als The medieval Hebrew encyclopedias of science and philosophy
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Medieval philosophy. ; Philosophy, medieval ; History ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History. ; Humanities. ; Social sciences. ; Konferenzschrift 1998 ; Hebräisch ; Enzyklopädie ; Wissenschaft ; Philosophie ; Geschichte 500-1500 ; Jüdische Philosophie ; Geschichte 1100-1400
    Kurzfassung: In January 1998 leading scholars from Europe, the United States, and Israel in the fields of medieval encyclopedias (Arabic, Latin and Hebrew) and medieval Jewish philosophy and science gathered together at Bar-Ilan University in Ramat-Gan, Israel, for an international conference on medieval Hebrew encyclopedias of science and philosophy. The primary purpose of the conference was to explore and define the structure, sources, nature, and characteristics of the medieval Hebrew encyclopedias of science and philosophy. This book, the first to devote itself to the medieval Hebrew encyclopedias of science and philosophy, contains revised versions of the papers that were prepared for this conference. This volume also includes an annotated translation of Moritz Steinschneider's groundbreaking discussion of this subject in his Die hebraeischen Übersetzungen. The Medieval Hebrew Encyclopedias of Science and Philosophy will be of particular interest to students of medieval philosophy and science, Jewish intellectual history, the history of ideas, and pre-modern Western encyclopedias
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 45
    Buch
    Buch
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0521563534 , 0521564999
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: XVIII, 354 S. , Ill. (z.T. farb.), Kt.
    Ausgabe: reprinted
    Serie: African studies series 90
    Serie: African studies
    DDC: 304.2096652
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    Schlagwort(e): Human ecology Guinea ; Forestry and community Guinea ; Forest management Guinea ; Citizen participation
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  • 46
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest
    ISBN: 9780511152566
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (254 pages)
    Serie: Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology v.24
    DDC: 599.938
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    Schlagwort(e): Populationsgenetik ; Mikroevolution ; Mensch
    Kurzfassung: An integrative approach linking the causes of migration to genetic consequences for human evolution.
    Anmerkung: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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  • 47
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511525698
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 330 pages)
    Serie: Society for the Study of Human Biology symposium series 40
    DDC: 306.4/61
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    Schlagwort(e): Stadt ; Gesundheit ; Verstädterung ; Humanbiologie ; Industriestaaten ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Kurzfassung: Over seventy per cent of the population in industrialized nations live in cities; soon, so will most of the world's population. This volume examines the impact of urban living on human health and biology. Cities pose numerous and diverse social and biological challenges to human populations which bear little resemblance to the forces that moulded human biology through millions of years of evolution. Urban populations in industrialized nations have distinctive patterns of behaviour, social stratification, stress, infectious disease, diet, activity and exposure to pollutants from years of industrialization. These features affect diverse aspects of human function including human nutrition, energy expenditure, growth and reproduction. This volume begins with an introduction to the history of urbanism and poverty, infectious disease, reproductive function, child health, nutrition, physical activity and psychosocial stress. The book will appeal to workers in urban planning, human biology, anthropology, preventative medicine, human ecology and related areas.
    Anmerkung: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 48
    Buch
    Buch
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0521620902
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: XI, 192 Seiten , Illustrationen
    DDC: 616.07
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    Schlagwort(e): Paläopathologie ; Krankheit ; Geschlechtsunterschied ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 49
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781139171113
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 238 pages)
    DDC: 301
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    Kurzfassung: Anthropology students increasingly need a quantitative background, but statistics are often seen as difficult and impenetrable. Statistics for Anthropology offers students of anthropology and other social sciences an easy, step-by-step route through the statistical maze. In clear, simple language, using relevant examples and practice problems, it provides a solid footing in basic statistical techniques, and is designed to give students a thorough grounding in methodology, and also insight into how and when to apply the various processes. The book assumes a minimal background in mathematics, and is suitable for the computer-literate and illiterate. Although only a hand calculator is needed, computer statistical software can be used to accompany the text. This book will be a 'must-have' for all anthropology and social science students needing an introduction to basic statistics.
    Anmerkung: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 50
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511983726
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (xiii, 306 pages)
    Serie: Cambridge studies in biological and evolutionary anthropology 17
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306.4/61/0911
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    Schlagwort(e): Arctic peoples / Anthropometry ; Arctic peoples / Health and hygiene ; Arctic peoples / Social conditions ; Physical anthropology / Arctic regions ; Human physiology ; Human biology / Arctic regions ; Gesundheitsförderung ; Anthropometrie ; Gesundheit ; Sozioökonomischer Wandel ; Bevölkerung ; Arctic regions / Social conditions ; Arktische Zone ; Arktische Zone ; Bevölkerung ; Anthropometrie ; Arktische Zone ; Sozioökonomischer Wandel ; Gesundheit ; Arktische Zone ; Gesundheitsförderung
    Kurzfassung: What are the health consequences of a transition from an active 'hunter-gatherer' lifestyle to that of sedentary modern living? In this book, the impact of 'modernization' is assessed in various populations in the circumpolar regions. The hazards of living in polar regions, and the adaptations shown culturally, behaviourally and physically by the indigenous peoples are examined and the effect of changes in habitual activity, diet, and general lifestyle due to more urban living patterns on the body composition, pulmonary function and susceptibility to disease discussed. The implications of this switch are important not only for all those concerned about the survival of indigenous communities around the world, but for all of us living in an increasingly sedentary, urban environment. Anthropologists, physiologists and those interested in population fitness will find this a comprehensive and valuable volume
    Anmerkung: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015) , The circumpolar habitat and its peoples: traditional lifestyle and early research findings , Concepts of the International Biological Programme Human Adaptability Project, and IBP studies of circumpolar populations , Changes in social structure and behaviour , Secular trends in diet, metabolism and body composition , Secular trends in physical fitness and cold tolerance , Secular trends in respiratory hazards, lung function and respiratory disease , Secular trends in growth and development , Current health status of circumpolar populations , Postscript: lessons from traditional circumpolar life and options for the future
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 51
    Buch
    Buch
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0521474019
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: xiii, 306 S.
    Serie: Cambridge studies in biological anthropology 17
    Serie: Cambridge studies in biological anthropology
    DDC: 306.4610911
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Gesundheitsförderung ; Bevölkerung ; Anthropometrie ; Sozioökonomischer Wandel ; Gesundheit ; Arktische Zone
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 52
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781139164023
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xviii, 354 pages)
    Serie: African studies 90
    DDC: 304.2/096652
    RVK:
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    Schlagwort(e): Forstökologie ; Humanökologie ; Umweltpolitik ; Guinea
    Kurzfassung: Islands of dense forest in the savanna of 'forest' Guinea have long been regarded both by scientists and policy-makers as the last relics of a once more extensive forest cover, degraded and degrading fast due to its inhabitants' land use. In this 1996 text, James Fairhead and Melissa Leach question these entrenched assumptions. They show, on the contrary, how people have created forest islands around their villages, and how they have turned fallow vegetation more woody, so that population growth has implied more forest, not less. They also consider the origins, persistence, and consequences of a century of erroneous policy. Interweaving historical, social anthropological and ecological data, this fascinating study advances a novel theoretical framework for ecological anthropology, encouraging a radical re-examination of some central tenets in each of these disciplines.
    Anmerkung: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 53
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511600456
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 241 pages)
    Serie: Cambridge studies in biological and evolutionary anthropology 15
    DDC: 573
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    Schlagwort(e): Genetische Variabilität ; Mensch ; Plastizität ; Humanbiologie ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Kurzfassung: Plasticity refers to the ability of many organisms to change their biology or behaviour to respond to changes in the environment, particularly when these are stressful. Humans are, perhaps, the most plastic of all species, and hence the most variable. This book reflects on the history of research in this area, state-of-the-art research methods and discoveries and needs for future research in human plasticity and variability. Topics discussed include child growth, starvation, disease of both young and old and the effects of migration, modernisation and other life-style changes. The book will be especially useful to biological anthropologists, human biologists and medical scientists interested in knowing more about how and why humans vary.
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  • 54
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511563706
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 422 pages)
    DDC: 303.48/3
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    Schlagwort(e): Geschichte 1945-1992 ; Informationstechnik ; Sozialverträglichkeit ; Kerntechnik ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Biotechnologie ; Protestbewegung ; Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift
    Kurzfassung: This book compares resistance to technology across time, nations, and technologies. Three post-war examples - nuclear power, information technology, and biotechnology - are used in the analysis. The focus is on post-1945 Europe, with comparisons made with the USA, Japan, and Australia. Instead of assuming that resistance contributes to the failure of a technology, the main thesis of the book is that resistance is a constructive force in technological development, giving technology its particular shape in a particular context. Whilst many people still believe in the positive contribution made by science and technology, many have become sceptical. By exploring the idea that modernity creates effects that undermine its own foundations, forms and effects of resistance are explored in various contexts. The book presents a unique interdisciplinary study, including contributions from historians, sociologists, psychologists, and political scientists.
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    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 55
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511521348
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 306 pages)
    DDC: 303.6/6
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    Kurzfassung: While much has been written upon Social Darwinism, the historical impact of Darwinism upon theories of war and human aggression has been sadly neglected. This book is the first to study this discourse in depth. It challenges the received view that Darwinism generated essentially aggressive and warlike social values and pugnacious images of humankind. Paul Crook reconstructs the influential discourse of 'peace biology', whose liberal vision was of a basically free humanity, not fettered by iron laws of biological necessity or governed by violent genes. By exploring a gamut of Darwinian readings of history and war, mainly in the English-speaking world to 1919, this study throws new light upon militarism, peace movements, the origins of World War I and British social thought.
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  • 56
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511600500
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 213 pages)
    Serie: Cambridge studies in biological and evolutionary anthropology 14
    DDC: 573/.6
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    Schlagwort(e): Methode ; Anthropometrie ; Wachstum ; Mensch
    Kurzfassung: Anthropometry is the measurement of human morphology, and is used in a wide range of applied and research contexts. In this volume, distinguished contributors including anthropologists, human biologists, physiologists, nutritionists and clinical scientists describe many of the ways in which anthropometry is used, and discuss problems associated with different methods of assessment. Topics include the measurement of growth asymmetry and variability in adult body size, measurement error and statistical issues in anthropometry and the construction and use of growth charts in growth monitoring. The use of anthropometry in assessments of body composition, physical performance and fitness is also discussed. The book will be of interest to graduates and researchers in human biology, anthropology and nutrition. It will also be useful to workers in sports medicine, ergonomics, orthopaedics and paediatrics.
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  • 57
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511629105
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 397 pages)
    DDC: 573/.6
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    Schlagwort(e): Anthropometrie ; Wachstum ; Mensch
    Kurzfassung: The health of a population is most accurately reflected in the rate of growth of its children. It is this theme which underlies the analysis and presentation of what is by far the largest compilation of growth data ever assembled. The first edition, published in 1976, included all known reliable recent results on height, weight, skinfolds and other body measurements from all parts of the globe. In this edition, the very numerous measurements taken between 1976 and 1988 have been included as well as the results of the large number of new studies made on rate of maturation as evinced by bone age and pubertal development stages. Many sections of the book dwell on disentangling the effects of the environment and heredity on growth, and thus answer the question of whether one universal standard suffices for all peoples of the world, or whether different populations (such as races or nations) should each have their own optimal growth standards. Written by practical people with experience of the problems in developing countries, this book explains in simple terms the different sorts of growth surveys, how to set about making them, and which sort to choose. All who are professionally concerned with child health should read it.
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  • 58
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511752407
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (xiv, 376 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 304.2/7
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    Schlagwort(e): Gesellschaft ; Human behavior ; Social evolution ; Social psychology ; Human biology / Social aspects ; Humanethologie ; Humanethologie
    Kurzfassung: Biology and Freedom, first published in 1989, is an essay on human nature: an attempt to make a just assessment of a species often presented as predominantly and unavoidably violent, grasping, selfish and stupid. Likening human beings to animals is a traditional method of influencing attitudes on morals and politics. But in this book Professor Barnett shows that modern ethology, experimental psychology, genetics and evolutionary theory give the now fashionable misanthropy no authentic support. In doing so he asks whether the theory of evolution has any bearing on Machiavellianism in politics or the concept of original sin; and whether laboratory experiments on the effects of reward and punishment tell us anything about the enigma of free will. Combining the findings of biology with logic and humour, Professor Barnett gives a lucid alternative portrait of humanity in which he stresses the questions that the complexities of human existence will raise long after current myths have faded. This book is for all interested in human nature and the future of human society
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    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 59
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511752407
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 376 pages)
    DDC: 304.2/7
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Humanethologie
    Kurzfassung: Biology and Freedom, first published in 1989, is an essay on human nature: an attempt to make a just assessment of a species often presented as predominantly and unavoidably violent, grasping, selfish and stupid. Likening human beings to animals is a traditional method of influencing attitudes on morals and politics. But in this book Professor Barnett shows that modern ethology, experimental psychology, genetics and evolutionary theory give the now fashionable misanthropy no authentic support. In doing so he asks whether the theory of evolution has any bearing on Machiavellianism in politics or the concept of original sin; and whether laboratory experiments on the effects of reward and punishment tell us anything about the enigma of free will. Combining the findings of biology with logic and humour, Professor Barnett gives a lucid alternative portrait of humanity in which he stresses the questions that the complexities of human existence will raise long after current myths have faded. This book is for all interested in human nature and the future of human society.
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  • 60
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511897801
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 263 pages)
    Serie: Cambridge studies in biological and evolutionary anthropology 2
    DDC: 304.8
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    Schlagwort(e): Migration ; Humanbiologie ; Migrationssoziologie
    Kurzfassung: In past years considerable interest has been focused on migration as an important cause of change in the genetic and demographic structure of human populations. This book synthesises the biological consequences of changes environments on the migrants and the genetic impact of immigration on the host populations. Patterns of migration, past and present and genetic, epidemological and demographic consequences are considered, forming a unique synthesis for human biologists in general. Individual chapters deal with the peopling of the continents, migration in the recent past, the effects of gene flow and rural to urban migration. In addition, a detailed analysis of the relationship between migration, adaptation and disease is presented. Advanced students and research workers in a wide variety of disciplines, including population genetics, demography, anthropology and social geography will find this book particularly valuable in relating their own special interests to other biological aspects of human migration.
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  • 61
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    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511628719
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 639 pages)
    DDC: 303.4/83
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    Schlagwort(e): Kontroverse ; Naturwissenschaften ; Technik ; Ethik ; Fallstudiensammlung ; Fallstudiensammlung
    Kurzfassung: This collection of essays examines the ways in which disputes and controversies about the application of scientific knowledge are resolved. Four concrete examples of public controversy are considered in detail: the efficacy of Laetrile, the classification of homosexuality as a disease, the setting of safety standards in the workplace, and the utility of nuclear energy as a source of power. The essays in this volume show that debates about these cases are not confined to matters of empirical fact. Rather, as is seen with most scientific and technical controversies, they focus on and are structured by complex ethical, economic, and political interests. Drs. Engelhardt and Caplan have brought together a distinguished group of scholars from the sciences and humanities, who sketch a theory of scientific controversy and attempt to provide recommendations about the ways in which both scientists and the public ought to seek more informed resolutions of highly contentious issues in science and technology. Scientific Controversies is offered as a contribution to the better understanding of the roles of both science and nonscientific interests in disputes and controversies pertaining to science and technology.
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    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 62
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511529672
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 415 pages)
    DDC: 509/.44
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    Schlagwort(e): Geschichte 1860-1939 ; Naturwissenschaften ; Frankreich
    Kurzfassung: France has played a pivotal role in the development of modern science. Especially striking and controversial has been the way in which the state has organized scientific endeavor. After the 1880s reinvigorated university faculties played a key role in the growth of science in France, and many faculty scientists enjoyed close relations with industry, agriculture, the military, and politics. During the Third Republic the idea of governmental responsibility to support research became a dogma, due to the stimulus that science was perceived to give to the French economy. By 1939 a working mechanism of state funding for science, buttressed by a complex scientific ideology, had come into existence and provided the foundations for the development of a new structure of scientific research and education in the postwar era. From Knowledge to Power is the first full-scale treatment of this dramatic expansion of French science between 1860 and 1939.
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  • 63
    ISBN: 0521058015
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: XLVII, 877 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    Ausgabe: Reprinted [from 1959]
    Angaben zur Quelle: 3
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