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  • 1
    ISBN: 9789264108264
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (66 p.)
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Since 1998, the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency has been organising a series of workshops to address the various aspects of stakeholder involvement in radiological protection decision making. These workshops have been instrumental in forging consensus and improving understanding of key issues in this area. Building on the experience of the first two "Villigen workshops", the third in the series extensively analysed three case studies, which covered the licensing of a new facility, the clean-up and release of an old facility, and the rehabilitation of a large, contaminated area. Consideration was given to the stakeholder involvement processes that had been used, and the implications that that these did or could have on radiological protection policy, regulation and application. The workshop papers analysing these processes and implications are presented in these proceedings, which should provide valuable examples and lessons for governments, regulators and practitioners.
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789264015937
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (179 p.)
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Switzerland
    Abstract: When preparing the safety case for a deep geological repository of radioactive waste, the integration of wide-ranging information from multidisciplinary sources is a complex task. This has provided the motivation for establishing AMIGO, an OECD/NEA international project on “Approaches and Methods for Integrating Geological Information in the Safety Case”. AMIGO is structured as a series of biannual topical workshops involving site characterisation and safety assessment practitioners with experience in both sedimentary and crystalline rock settings. The first AMIGO workshop was organised in Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland on 3-5 June 2003. The main objective of the workshop was to exchange views on building confidence in analyses and arguments that support the safety case using multiple lines of evidence and integrating the work of geoscientists and safety assessors. These proceedings present the outcomes of this workshop.
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9789264107717
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (316 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Information Exchange Meeting on the Nuclear Production of Hydrogen (2 : 2003 : Argonne, Ill.) Nuclear production of hydrogen
    Keywords: Wasserstofftechnologie ; Kernenergie ; Erneuerbare Energie ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; Nuclear Energy ; Konferenzschrift ; Wasserstofferzeugung ; Kernreaktion
    Abstract: Hydrogen has the potential to play an important role as a sustainable and environmentally acceptable source of energy in the 21st century. Present methods for producing hydrogen are mainly based on the reforming of fossil fuels with subsequent release of greenhouse gases. To avoid producing greenhouse gases, the possibility to use heat and surplus electricity from nuclear power plants to produce hydrogen by water cracking is being investigated. This report presents the state of the art in the nuclear production of hydrogen and describes the scientific and technical challenges associated with it.
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9789264016026
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (282 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Basic studies in the field of high-temperature engineering
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Japan
    Abstract: In response to growing interest in high-temperature, gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) in many countries and the need for improved materials for nuclear applications in high-temperature environments, the NEA organised the Third Information Exchange Meeting on Basic Studies in the Field of High-temperature Engineering. The proceedings of this meeting provide an overview of high-temperature research currently under way, including studies on the behaviour of irradiated graphite and improvements in material properties under high-temperature irradiation. These proceedings also contain recommendations for further international work in the areas of high-temperature engineering.
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9789264106529
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le contrôle réglementaire de la gestion des déchets radioactifs ; panorama de 15 pays membres de l'AEN
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Regulators are major stakeholders in the decision-making process for radioactive waste management. The NEA Radioactive Waste Management Committee (RWMC) has recognised the value of exchanging and comparing information about national regulatory practices and having an informal, international network for discussing issues of common concern. The RWMC Regulators’ Forum provides considerable opportunity for such activities. This report presents the initial results of the Forum’s work. Information is given for 15 NEA member countries in a format that allows easy accessibility to specific aspects and comparison between different countries. It includes an array of facts about national policies for radioactive waste management, institutional frameworks, legislative and regulatory frameworks, available guidance, classification and sources of waste and the status of waste management. It also provides an overview of current issues being addressed and related R&D programmes.
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9789264016729
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Spain
    Abstract: As modern nuclear power programmes mature and large, commercial nuclear power plants and fuel cycle facilities approach the end of their useful life by reason of age, economics or change of policy on the use of nuclear power, new challenges associated with decommissioning and dismantling come to the fore. Politicians and the public may expect there to be a “right answer” to the choice of strategy for a particular type of facility, or even all facilities. Both this seminar and wider experience show that this is not the case. Local factors and national political positions have a significant input and often result in widely differing strategy approaches to broadly similar decommissioning projects. All facility owners represented at the seminar were able to demonstrate a rational process for strategy selection and compelling arguments for the choices made. In addition to the papers that were presented, these proceedings include a summary of the discussions that took place.
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9789264017344
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (450 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Particle accelerators are used today for an increasing range of scientific and technological applications. They are very powerful tools for investigating the origin and structure of matter, and for improving understanding of the interaction of radiation with materials, including the transmutation of nuclides and the beneficial or harmful effects of radiation. Particle accelerators are used to identify properties of molecules that can be used in pharmacy, for medical diagnosis and therapy, and for biophysics studies. Particle accelerators must be operated in safe ways that protect the operators, the population and the environment. New technological and research applications give rise to new issues in radiation shielding. These workshop proceedings review the state of the art in radiation shielding of accelerator facilities and irradiated targets. They also evaluate advancements and discuss the additional developments required to meet radiation protection needs.
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9789264015456
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (228 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear legislation in Central and Eastern Europe and the NIS; 2003 0verview
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear legislation in Central and Eastern Europe and the NIS: 2003 0verview
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Cette publication analyse la législation et la réglementation régissant les utilisations pacifiques de l'énergie nucléaire en Europe de l'Est. Elle couvre 11 pays d'Europe centrale et orientale et 12 pays des Nouveaux États indépendants.
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  • 9
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.)
    Series Statement: CSNI Technical Opinion Papers no.4
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This technical opinion paper represents the consensus of risk analysts in NEA member countries on the current state of the art of human reliability analysis (HRA) in probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) for nuclear power plants. The paper's objective is to present decision makers in the nuclear field with a clear technical opinion on HRA status as implemented in industrial PSAs. The intended audience is primarily nuclear safety regulators, senior researchers and industry leaders. Government authorities, nuclear power plant operators and the general public may also be interested.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (23 p.)
    Series Statement: CSNI Technical Opinion Papers no.6
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This technical opinion paper provides the reader with a concise description of both the benefits and disadvantages of using probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) to analyse operational events in nuclear power plants in order to facilitate better operator feedback. The paper's objective is to present decision makers in the nuclear field with a clear technical opinion on how PSA techniques can be used to address this issue. The intended audience is primarily nuclear safety regulators, senior researchers and industry leaders. Government authorities, nuclear power plant operators and the general public may also be interested.
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  • 11
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.)
    Series Statement: CSNI Technical Opinion Papers no.5
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Nuclear licensees are increasingly required to adapt to a more challenging commercial environment as electricity markets are liberalised. One of the costs that is often perceived as being amenable to control is staffing, and hence there is significant exploration of new strategies for managing this cost - for example, by reducing staffing levels, changing organisational structures, adopting new shift strategies, introducing new technology or increasing the proportion of work carried out by external contractors. However, if changes to staffing levels or organisational structures and systems are inadequately conceived or executed they have the potential to affect the way in which safety is managed. In this context, the NEA Committee on the Safety of Nuclear Installations (CSNI) and its Special Expert Group on Human and Organisational Factors (SEGHOF) organised an international workshop to discuss the management and regulation of organisational change in 2001. This technical opinion paper distils the findings of that workshop and sets out the factors that regulatory bodies might reasonably expect to be addressed within licensees' arrangements to manage organisational change. The paper should be of particular interest to both regulators and managers of nuclear utilities.
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9789264108240
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256 p)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Computing radiation dosimetry - CRD 2002
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Portugal
    Abstract: Establishing reliable computational methods and tools for radiation dosimetry is of great importance today because of the increased use of radiation in a number of areas of science, technology and medical applications. Fields concerned include radiation protection, radiation shielding, radiation diagnostics and therapy, radiobiology, biophysics and radiation detection. This series of lectures delivered by experts provides the content of these workshop proceedings. They are a valuable reference for those wishing to better understand the most advanced computational methods in radiation dosimetry.
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  • 13
    ISBN: 9789264015449
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (216 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Legislation nucléaire en Europe centrale et orientale et dans les NEI ; Panorama 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Legislation nucléaire en Europe centrale et orientale et dans les NEI : Panorama 2003
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This publication examines the legislation and regulations governing the peaceful uses of nuclear energy in eastern European countries. It covers 11 countries from Central and Eastern Europe and 12 countries from the New Independent States: Albania Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Czech Republic Estonia Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Georgia HungaryKazakhstanLatviaLithuaniaPolandRepublic of MoldovaRomaniaRussian FederationSlovak RepublicSloveniaUkraineUzbekistan The chapters follow a systematic format making it easier for the reader to carry out research and compare information.
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264015401
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gouvernement et énergie nucléaire
    DDC: 363
    Keywords: Governance ; Nuclear Energy ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The main objective of national energy policies in OECD countries is to ensure the availability of secure and economic supplies with minimal environmental impact. This publication addresses the roles and responsibilities of governments in the field of nuclear energy, within the context of broad national policy goals, and reviews the tools available to achieve those goals.
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9789264006676
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (424 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Safety
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This conference proceedings examines the most recent research and developments related to the impact of debris on emergency coolant recirculation. Held in Albuquerque, New Mexico in February 2004, this proceedings had sessions on safety assessment and regulatory requirements, experimental work, analytical work, and industry solutions. The proceedings present the papers presented as well as a summary of discussions that took place.
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264103306
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (112 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'énergie nucléaire aujourd'hui
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Kernenergie heute
    DDC: 621.48
    Keywords: Energy ; Environment ; Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Meeting the growing demand for energy, and electricity in particular, while addressing the need to curb greenhouse gas emissions and to ensure security of energy supply, is one of the most difficult challenges facing the world’s economies. No single technology can respond to this challenge, and the solution which policy makers are seeking lies in the diversification of energy sources. Although nuclear energy currently provides over 20% of electricity in the OECD area and does not emit any carbon dioxide during production, it continues to be seen by many as a controversial technology. Public concern remains over its safety and the management of radioactive waste, and financing such a capital-intensive technology is a complex issue. The role that nuclear power will play in the future depends on the answers to these questions, several of which are provided in this up-to-date review of the status of nuclear energy, as well as on the outcome of research and development on the nuclear fuel cycle and reactor technologies.
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789264299191
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (420 p.)
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Indemnification of damage in the event of a nuclear accident
    DDC: 341.755
    Keywords: Störfall ; Strahlenbelastung ; Umweltbelastung ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; Nuclear Energy ; France ; Konferenzschrift ; Kerntechnischer Unfall ; Entschädigung
    Abstract: These proceedings contain a comparative analysis of legislative and regulatory provisions governing emergency response and nuclear third party liability, based upon country replies to a questionnaire. This publication also includes the full responses provided to that questionnaire, as well as the texts of presentations made by special guests from Germany and Japan describing the manner in which the public authorities in their respective countries responded to two nuclear accidents of a very different nature and scale.
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9789264299054
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The OECD/NEA Working Party on the Physics of Plutonium Fuels and Innovative Fuel Cycles (WPPR) conducted a physics code benchmark test for the recycling of plutonium as PuO2/UO2 mixed-oxide (MOX) fuel in boiling water reactors (BWRs) compared to pressurised water reactors (PWRs). This volume reports on the benchmark results and conclusions that can be drawn from it.
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9789264103450
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (76 p.)
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Repositories for the disposal of radioactive waste generally rely on a multi-barrier system to isolate the waste from the biosphere. This multi-barrier system typically comprises the natural geological barrier provided by the repository host rock and an engineered barrier system (EBS). The EBS project being conducted by the NEA Integration Group for the Safety Case (IGSC) seeks to clarify the role that an EBS can play in the overall safety case for a deep geological repository. It is in this context that the European Commission and the NEA have prepared the present report, which describes the state of the art for engineered barrier systems and provides a common basis of understanding from which to plan future programmes. It is based on answers to a questionnaire received from 13 countries and 17 organisations.
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9789264103559
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: This report presents the outcomes of a joint NEA-EC workshop, organised in Oxford on 25-27 September 2002 and hosted by United Kingdom Nirex Limited. The main objectives of the workshop were to provide a status report on engineered barrier systems in various national radioactive waste management programmes considering deep geological disposal; to establish the value to member countries of a project on EBS; and to define such a project’s scope, timetable and modus operandi.
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9789264105713
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Spain
    Abstract: The international system of radiological protection is currently being revised with the aim of making it more coherent and concise. These proceedings present a significant block of stakeholder input, comprising the views of policy makers, regulators, radiological protection professionals, industry and representatives of both non-governmental and intergovernmental organisations.
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9789264103504
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (174 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The OECD/NEA Expert Group on Burn-up Credit was established in 1991 to address scientific and technical issues connected with the use of burn-up credit in nuclear fuel cycle operations. Following the completion of six benchmark exercises with uranium oxide (UOX) fuels irradiated in pressurised water reactors (PWRs) and boiling water reactors (BWRs), the present report concerns mixed uranium and plutonium oxide (MOX) fuels irradiated in PWRs. The exercises consisted of inventory calculations of MOX fuels for two initial plutonium compositions. The depletion calculations were carried out using three representations of the MOX assemblies and their interface with UOX assemblies. This enabled the investigation of the spatial and spectral effects during the irradiation of the MOX fuels.
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264104334
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Démantèlement des centrales nucléaires ; Politiques, stratégies et coûts
    Keywords: Environment ; Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The decommissioning of nuclear power plants is a topic of increasing interest to governments and the industry as many nuclear units approach retirement. This report, based upon data provided by 26 countries and analysed by government and industry experts, covers a variety of reactor types and sizes. The findings on decommissioning cost elements and driving factors in their variance will be of interest to analysts and policy makers in the nuclear energy field.
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  • 24
    ISBN: 9789264103467
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p.)
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This report presents the common views of the International Review Team established by the NEA Secretariat on behalf of the Belgian Government to perform a peer review of the SAFIR 2 report, produced by the Belgian Agency for Radioactive Waste and Enriched Fissile Materials (ONDRAF/NIRAS) to describe the research, development and demonstration activities in the Belgian programme on the disposal of high-level and long-lived radioactive wastes in a deep geological repository excavated within an argillaceous formation.
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9789264102125
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (436 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    DDC: 539.7/3723
    Keywords: Proton accelerators Congresses ; Proton accelerators Reliability ; Congresses ; Nuclear Energy ; Mexico ; Teilchenbeschleuniger ; Santa Fe, NM
    Abstract: R&D activities and construction plans related to high power proton accelerators are being considered in various countries to promote basic and applied sciences. Both accelerator scientists and reactor physicists gathered at an NEA workshop to discuss the reliability of the accelerator; spallation target design characteristics; safety and operational characteristics of a sub-critical system driven by a spallation source; and test facilities. These proceedings contain all the technical papers presented at the workshop, as well as summaries of the discussions held during each technical session.
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9789264103528
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (45 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Regulatory and Industry Co-operation on Nuclear Safety Research; Challenges and Opportunities
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Regulatory and Industry Co-operation on Nuclear Safety Research: Challenges and Opportunities
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: La coopération entre les autorités de sûreté et l’industrie dans le domaine de la recherche sur la sûreté nucléaire peut avoir des avantages comme des inconvénients. Ce rapport fournit aux responsables de recherche de l’industrie, des organismes de sûreté et des centres de recherche des informations sur les pratiques actuelles dans les pays membres de l’OCDE en matière de partenariat de recherche sur la sûreté. Il décrit des moyens permettant d’instaurer une collaboration efficace entre les autorités de sûreté et l’industrie et donne des indications sur la manière de surmonter les difficultés que pourrait soulever ce type de collaboration. Il formule aussi des avis sur les éventuels sujets de préoccupation. Le rapport se penche notamment sur le problème de l’indépendance des autorités de sûreté, ainsi que sur les moyens de la préserver et de la démontrer au public en cas de collaboration avec l’industrie.
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9789264103498
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The OECD/NEA Expert Group on Burn-up Credit was established in 1991 to address scientific and technical issues connected with the use of burn-up credit in nuclear fuel cycle operations. Following the completion of six benchmark exercises with uranium oxide fuels irradiated in pressurised water reactors (PWRs) and boiling water reactors (BWRs), the present report concerns mixed uranium and plutonium oxide (MOX) fuels irradiated in PWRs. The report summarises and analyses the solutions to the specified exercises provided by 37 contributors from 10 countries. The exercises were based upon the calculation of infinite PWR fuel pin cell reactivity for fresh and irradiated MOX fuels with various MOX compositions, burn-ups and cooling times. In addition, several representations of the MOX fuel assembly were tested in order to check various levels of approximations commonly used in reactor physics calculations.
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9789264103436
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 p.)
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Protection radiologique de l'environnement ; Rapport de synthèse des questions-clés
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Protection radiologique de l'environnement : Rapport de synthèse des questions-clés
    Keywords: Environment ; Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The system of radiological protection is currently being revised in order to make it simpler, clearer and more responsive to stakeholder needs. During this evolution process, particular attention is being given to the development of an explicit system for the radiological protection of the environment. It was in this context that the NEA organised, in close collaboration with the International Commission on Radiological Protection, a forum on radiological protection of the environment. This report summarises the key issues discussed at the forum. They include sustainable development, identification of what to protect, the definition of detriment, the necessary level of regulation, an integrated approach to protection, the use of similar approaches for humans and the environment, practical foundations for a system of environmental protection, and consequences in terms of training.
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9789264103535
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (76 p.)
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Approaches to radiological protection have been evolving, particularly over the past several years. This has been driven by the emergence of modern concepts of and approaches to risk governance, and by calls from within the radiological protection community for the simplification and clarification of the existing system of protection, as based on the Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). The NEA Committee on Radiation Protection and Public Health (CRPPH) has been very active in developing its own suggestions as to how the system of radiological protection should evolve to better meet the needs of policy makers, regulators and practitioners. One of those suggestions is that a generic concept of “regulatory authorisation” of certain levels and types of exposure to radiation should replace the current and somewhat complicated concepts of exclusion, exemption and clearance. It has also been suggested that by characterising emerging sources and exposures in a screening process leading into the authorisation process, regulatory authorities could develop a better feeling for the type and scale of stakeholder involvement that would be necessary to reach a widely accepted approach to radiological protection. In order to verify that these suggestions would make the system of radiological protection more understandable, easy to apply, and acceptable, independent consultants have “road tested” the CRPPH concepts of authorisation and characterisation. Their findings, which show that applying these concepts would represent significant improvement, are reproduced herein. Specific approaches for the application of the new CRPPH ideas are also illustrated in this report.
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  • 30
    ISBN: 9789264103474
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Regulation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les autorités de sûreté face au démantèlement des réacteurs nucléaires
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Each nuclear power plant, fuel cycle facility and nuclear research and test facility that is operating today will eventually reach the end of its useful life and cease operation. During the period of its decommissioning, it is important to properly manage the health and environmental hazards and physical protection measures of the shutdown facility in order to protect the health and safety of the public and workers and to safeguard any nuclear materials. In this regard, the nuclear safety regulatory body is responsible for independently assuring that decommissioning activities are conducted safely, that radioactive materials and spent nuclear fuel are disposed of properly and that the site is in an acceptable end state. The purpose of this report is to describe the broad range of safety, environmental, organisational, human factors and public policy issues that may arise during the decommissioning of nuclear reactors and that the regulatory body should be prepared to deal with in the framework of its national regulatory system. The intended audience is primarily nuclear regulators, although the information and ideas may also be of interest to government authorities, environmental regulators, nuclear operating organisations, technical expert organisations and the general public.
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  • 31
    ISBN: 9789264103979
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Canada
    Abstract: A workshop held in Ottawa in October 2002 brought together a wide range of Canadian stakeholders and delegates from radioactive waste management programmes in 14 countries. This third interactive workshop of the NEA Forum on Stakeholder Confidence focused on key areas such as the social concerns at play in radioactive waste management, how these concerns can be addressed, and development opportunities for local communities. These proceedings provide a summary of the workshop, the full texts of the stakeholder presentations and detailed reports of the workshop discussions.
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9789264284876
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Chernobyl; Assessment of Radiological and Health Impacts; 2002 Update of Chernobyl; Ten Years On
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Chernobyl: Assessment of Radiological and Health Impacts: 2002 Update of Chernobyl: Ten Years On
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Les milieux de la radioprotection à l’échelle internationale ont dressé un important bilan de la situation aux alentours du réacteur endommagé de Tchernobyl à l’occasion du dixième anniversaire de l’accident. Depuis lors, les études qui continuent à être consacrées au site de l’accident et aux territoires contaminés ont mis en évidence de nouveaux aspects scientifiques, sociaux et sanitaires. Le présent rapport constitue une mise à jour complète de la précédente publication de l’AEN intitulée Tchernobyl : Dix ans déjà. Il présente au lecteur les informations les plus récentes sur les nouvelles connaissances significatives acquises dans les domaines de la gestion des situations d’urgence, du comportement à long terme des matières radioactives dans l’environnement et des incidences sur la santé.
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9789264184947
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Société et énergie nucléaire ; vers une meilleure compréhension
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Société et énergie nucléaire : vers une meilleure compréhension
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: While signs of a possible nuclear energy renaissance are visible worldwide, it is highly important to understand better the views of civil society on nuclear technologies, how their risks are perceived, and how to establish effective communication between all stakeholders aiming at enhancing consensus building prior to decision making. This report is based upon an in-depth analysis of research work and published literature on risk perception and communication, public participation in policy and decision making and the evolution of public opinion on nuclear energy. It will be of interest to policy makers, governmental agencies and industry. Additionally, members of civil society and various stakeholders eager to learn more about social issues related to the development of nuclear energy will find relevant information in this report.
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9789264284883
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (60 p.)
    Series Statement: Gestion des déchets radioactifs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Decommissioning and Dismantling of Nuclear Facilities; Status, Approaches, Challenges
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Decommissioning and Dismantling of Nuclear Facilities: Status, Approaches, Challenges
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage, à l'intention d'un large public, présente une synthèse de la situation du déclassement et du démantèlement des installations nucléaires ainsi que des questions connexes dans les pays Membres de l'AEN. Il s'appuie sur un ensemble de fiches d'information fournies par les pays Membres et disponibles en ligne sur le site web de l'AEN.
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  • 35
    ISBN: 9789264184886
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (50 p.)
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Déclassement et démantèlement des installations nucléaires ; État des lieux, démarches, défis
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Déclassement et démantèlement des installations nucléaires : État des lieux, démarches, défis
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This report, intended for a broad readership, provides a concise overview of the decommissioning and dismantling of nuclear facilities and associated issues in NEA Member countries. It draws upon a database of fact sheets produced to a standard format by individual Member countries that is accessible online from the NEA website.
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9789264184879
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Tchernobyl ; Evaluation des incidences radiologiques et sanitaires ; Mise à jour 2002 de Tchernobyl ; Dix ans déjà
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Tchernobyl : Evaluation des incidences radiologiques et sanitaires : Mise à jour 2002 de Tchernobyl : Dix ans déjà
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The international radiological protection community performed a major status review of the situation around the damaged Chernobyl reactor on the 10-year anniversary of the accident. Since then, studies of the accident site and the contaminated territories continue to be undertaken, which have yielded new scientific results and highlighted important social and health aspects. This report is a complete update of the NEA’s earlier publication, Chernobyl: Ten Years On. In particular, it offers the reader the most recent information on the significant new experience gained in the areas of emergency management, long-term environmental behaviour of radioactive materials and health effects.
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  • 37
    ISBN: 9789264284890
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (56 p.)
    Series Statement: Protection radiologique
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Way Forward in Radiological Protection; An Expert Group Report
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Way Forward in Radiological Protection: An Expert Group Report
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Pratiquement toutes les réglementations et tous les standards de protection radiologique nationaux et internationaux sont fondés sur les recommandations publiées par la Commission internationale de protection radiologique (CIPR). De nouvelles recommandations, qui remplaceraient celles éditées en 1990, sont actuellement développées avec une date de parution prévue en 2005, et il est de l’intérêt de tous les pays membres de l’AEN de faire en sorte que ces recommandations prennent en compte les besoins des autorités réglementaires nationales et des praticiens. Depuis le début des travaux de révision, lancés en 1999 par la CIPR, le Comité de protection radiologique et de santé publique (CRPPH) de l’AEN organise des débats destinés à mettre en lumière les améliorations et changements qui pourraient être apportés aux anciennes recommandations afin que les nouvelles soient plus fonctionnelles. Ce rapport, qui s’appuie sur une étude préliminaire de deux ans, propose des améliorations spécifiques qui faciliteraient la compréhension et l’application du système et qui devraient être considérées lors de la rédaction des nouvelles recommandations de la CIPR.
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9789264103481
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 p.)
    Series Statement: Règlementation nucléaire
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Regulatory Challenges of Decommissioning Nuclear Reactors
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Toute installation nucléaire aujourd’hui en exploitation, qu’il s’agisse d’une centrale, d’une usine du cycle du combustible ou d’une installation de recherche et d’essai, atteindra un jour la fin de sa vie utile et cessera de fonctionner. Pendant son démantèlement, il importe de gérer convenablement les risques pour la santé et l’environnement ainsi que les mesures de protection de l’installation à l’arrêt afin de préserver la santé et la sécurité des populations et des travailleurs, mais aussi de protéger toutes les matières nucléaires. Il revient à l'autorité de sûreté de s'assurer de son côté que le démantèlement est mené dans des conditions sûres, que les substances radioactives et le combustible nucléaire usé sont éliminés selon les règles et que le site se trouve dans un état final acceptable. Le présent rapport a pour objet de décrire l'éventail des problèmes qui risquent de se poser pendant ces opérations, qu'il s'agisse de sûreté, d'environnement, d'organisation, de facteurs humains ou de politique publique, et que l'autorité de sûreté doit se préparer à résoudre dans le cadre de son dispositif réglementaire général. Il s'adresse en premier lieu aux autorités de sûreté, sachant que les informations et idées qu'il contient peuvent également intéresser les autorités publiques et environnementales, les exploitants nucléaires, les organismes techniques et le grand public.
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  • 39
    ISBN: 9789264103443
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (36 p.)
    Series Statement: Protection radiologique
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Radiological Protection of the Environment; Summary Report of the Issues
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Radiological Protection of the Environment: Summary Report of the Issues
    Keywords: Environment ; Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Le système de protection radiologique est actuellement en cours de révision afin de le rendre plus simple, plus clair et mieux en adéquation avec les besoins des parties prenantes. Au cours de ce processus évolutif, une attention particulière est accordée au développement d’un système explicite pour la protection radiologique de l’environnement. C’est dans ce contexte que l’AEN a organisé, en étroite collaboration avec la Commission internationale de protection radiologique, un forum sur la protection radiologique de l’environnement. Ce rapport présente les questions-clés abordées lors du forum. Elles portent sur le développement durable, l’identification de ce qu’il faut protéger, la définition de détriment, le niveau nécessaire de réglementation, une approche intégrée de la protection, l’utilisation d’approches similaires pour l’homme et l’environnement, les bases pratiques pour un système de protection environnemental et les conséquences en termes de formation.
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9789264061453
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (48 p.)
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vers un nouveau système de protection radiologique ; Rapport d'un Groupe d'experts
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vers un nouveau système de protection radiologique : Rapport d'un Groupe d'experts
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Virtually all national and international radiation protection regulations and standards are based on the recommendations published by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). New recommendations, to replace those issued in 1990, are in the process of being developed for issuance in 2005, and it is in the interest of all NEA Member countries to ensure that these recommendations meet the needs of national regulatory organisations and practitioners. Since revisions began at the ICRP in 1999, the NEA Committee on Radiation Protection and Public Health (CRPPH) has been leading discussions regarding what, in the old recommendations, could be improved or changed to make any new recommendations more functional. Based on a preliminary two-year study to identify those areas that should be improved, this report suggests specific improvements that would render the new system easier to understand and apply, and that should be considered for inclusion in the new ICRP recommendations.
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9789264103511
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (43 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Coopération autorités de sûreté-industrie pour la recherche en sûreté nucléaire ; Défis et potentialités
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Coopération autorités de sûreté-industrie pour la recherche en sûreté nucléaire : Défis et potentialités
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Regulator-industry co-operation in nuclear safety research has potential advantages as well as disadvantages. This report provides research managers in industry, regulatory organisations and research centres with information on current practices in collaborative safety research in OECD member countries. It identifies means of establishing effective industry-regulator collaboration and provides indications on how to overcome difficulties that can arise. It also advises on possible areas of concern. The report addresses in particular the issue of regulator independence, means to preserve it and ways to demonstrate it to the public while undertaking collaboration with industry.
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  • 42
    ISBN: 9789264284944
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.)
    Series Statement: Développement de l'énergie nucléaire
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Society and Nuclear Energy; Towards a Better Understanding
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Society and Nuclear Energy: Towards a Better Understanding
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Au moment où des signes d’une renaissance de l’énergie nucléaire sont perceptibles à l’échelle mondiale, il est d’une grande importance de mieux comprendre comment la société civile perçoit la technologie nucléaire et ses risques et comment mettre en place des mécanismes de communication entre toutes les parties prenantes visant à bâtir un cadre décisionnel consensuel. Ce rapport s’appuie sur une analyse approfondie de travaux de recherche et d’ouvrages publiés sur la perception des risques, la communication à leur sujet, la participation du public à l’élaboration des politiques et à la prise de décision, ainsi que l’évolution de l’opinion du public vis-à-vis de l’énergie nucléaire. Il intéressera les décideurs, les agences gouvernementales et l’industrie. En outre, il apportera des informations pertinentes aux membres du public et aux parties prenantes désireux d’approfondir leur connaissance des aspects de société liés au développement de l’énergie nucléaire.
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.)
    Series Statement: CSNI Technical Opinion Papers no.3
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Feedback on operating experience from nuclear power plants is intended to help avoid occurrence or recurrence of safety-significant events. Well-established feedback systems exist on the national and international levels. One such example is the Incident Reporting System (IRS), jointly operated by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA). This technical opinion paper presents the international systems used to collect operating experience, the role of recurring events within them, examples of recurrence and ideas about how to improve the situation. It is expected that managers in both nuclear utilities and regulatory bodies, persons involved in operating experience feedback and analysis, inspectors and technical support organisation staff will be interested in this publication.
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789264175891
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (360 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Nuclear Energy Agency Basic studies in the field of high-temperature engineering
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France
    Abstract: In response to increasing interest in high-temperature, gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) in many countries and the need for improved materials for nuclear applications in high-temperature environments, the NEA organised a Second Information Exchange Meeting on Basic Studies in the Field of High-temperature Engineering. These proceedings provide an overview of the activities being carried out in eight countries, the improvement of material properties for HTGR application, in-core monitoring methods and properties of irradiated graphite, and HTGR fuel fabrication and performance.
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9789264194809
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (328 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Réaménagement de l'environnement des sites de production d'uranium
    Keywords: Environment ; Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Environmental remediation activities in uranium mines and mills have become increasingly important in the last few decades due to the large number of facilities which have been taken out of operation, the growing interest in remediating previously abandoned sites and the increasingly strict environmental regulations that are being put in place. Remediation programmes are being implemented to ensure the return of affected areas to previously existing environmental conditions or to a land use that will be sustainable in the long term and acceptable to all stakeholders. This report provides a summary of the most relevant issues and practices in remediation programmes of uranium production facilities and an overview of activities and plans in reporting countries. It covers the areas of site characterisation, dismantling and decommissioning, waste management facilities, water remediation, long-term stewardship and monitoring, policies and regulations, and costs. The country profiles of remediation activities and plans include information considered to be important by the country and are based on survey responses provided by 22 countries (12 OECD and 10 non-OECD countries).
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  • 46
    ISBN: 9789264194441
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (344 p)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Safety
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Advanced nuclear reactor safety issues and research needs
    Keywords: Nukleare Sicherheit ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; Nuclear Energy ; France ; Kernreaktorsicherheit
    Abstract: New nuclear reactor designs are expected to have a higher level of safety than current designs. As part of the efforts to achieve this, important safety issues related to the new designs need to be identified at an early stage, and research required for problem resolution defined. These proceedings bring together the papers presented at the OECD/NEA Workshop on Advanced Nuclear Reactor Safety Issues and Research Needs. Conclusions of the workshop discussions are offered at the end of the book, which will be of particular interest to all those involved in planning and designing the next generation of nuclear reactors.
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  • 47
    ISBN: 9789264199583
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Although the recycling of plutonium as thermal mixed-oxide (MOX) fuel in pressurised water reactors (PWRs) is now well-established on a commercial scale, many physics questions remain. The main question addressed in this report is the number of times plutonium can effectively be recycled in a PWR. This report describes in particular an exercise based on a realistic, multiple-recycle scenario, which followed plutonium through five generations of recycling in a PWR. It considered both a standard PWR design currently in use and a highly moderated design. The latter is a possible option for a dedicated, MOX-fuelled PWR in which it would be possible to optimise the moderation for plutonium. The study of these two designs in parallel has provided a better understanding of their relative merits, as well as insight into the limitations of multiple recycling and the long-term toxicity of fission products and actinides.
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  • 48
    ISBN: 9789264196131
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (280 p.)
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Switzerland
    Abstract: The societal aspects of risk governance are increasingly becoming a part of public decision-making processes. This tendency is particularly evident in matters dealing with the protection of human health and the environment. The NEA Committee on Radiation Protection and Public Health organised a workshop to examine stakeholder involvement processes through which governments and regulators can arrive at accepted decisions regarding radiological protection. An example of an area in which stakeholder involvement is important is the clean-up of sites contaminated by accidents or by past industrial or research activities. These proceedings address the roles of various stakeholders in the decision-making process, and their expectations regarding how a modern system of radiological protection should be integrated within the broader context of risk governance. Case studies are presented to illustrate good practice and as a basis for drawing conclusions regarding general lessons that can be applicable in many different national contexts. These proceedings will be of interest to policy makers, radiation protection experts and interested members of the public.
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  • 49
    ISBN: 9789264099708
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (248 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Italy
    Abstract: The international system of radiological protection is being revised to make it more coherent and concise. During the revision process, particular attention is given to the development of an explicit system for the radiological protection of the environment in addition to that of human beings. These proceedings comprise the views of a broad range of invited speakers, including policy makers, regulators, radiation protection and environmental protection professionals, industry, social scientists and representatives of both non-governmental and intergovernmental organisations.
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  • 50
    ISBN: 9789264094451
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Confidence among both technical experts and the public in the safety of deep geologic repositories for radioactive waste is a key element in the successful development of the repositories. This report presents the approaches and arguments that are currently used in OECD countries to establish and communicate confidence in their safety. It evaluates the state of the art for obtaining, presenting and demonstrating confidence in long-term safety, and makes recommendations on future directions and initiatives to be taken for improving confidence.
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  • 51
    ISBN: 9789264199422
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Finland
    Abstract: These workshop proceedings present the history leading up to the Decision in Principle of Finland on the final disposal facility for spent nuclear fuel and examine future perspectives with an emphasis on stakeholder involvement. The workshop was highly interactive and focused on three main topics: the stepwise decision-making process, stakeholder involvement and confidence building. All relevant stakeholder voices were heard and their viewpoints debated. An account of the individual presentations and the discussions that took place are provided in these proceedings.
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  • 52
    ISBN: 9789264196353
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (564 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    DDC: 621.4834
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France
    Abstract: During irradiation, nuclear fuel changes volume, primarily through swelling. This swelling is caused by the fission products and in particular by the volatile ones such as krypton and xenon, called fission gas. Fission gas behaviour needs to be reliably predicted in order to make better use of nuclear fuel, a factor which can help to achieve the economic competitiveness required by today's markets. These proceedings communicate the results of an international seminar which reviewed recent progress in the field of fission gas behaviour in light water reactor fuel and sought to improve the models used in computer codes predicting fission gas release. State-of-the-art knowledge is presented for both uranium-oxide and mixed-oxide fuels loaded in water reactors.
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9789264199149
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (53 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'énergie nucléaire et le Protocole de Kyoto
    Keywords: Environment ; Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The implementation of the Kyoto Protocol and the application of its "flexible mechanisms" are at the forefront of energy policy debates in most OECD countries. The potential role of nuclear energy in this context is viewed very differently and assessed against various criteria by the range of stakeholders in governments and civil society according to their interests and priorities. This book provides key facts concerning nuclear energy and the Kyoto Protocol. It highlights the challenges and opportunities for the future development of nuclear energy in the context of implementing the Kyoto Protocol, and more broadly in alleviating the risks of global climate change.
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  • 54
    ISBN: 9789264160842
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (516 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: A new generation of nuclear reactor designs is being developed in order to meet the needs of the 21st century. In the short term, the most important objective is to improve competitiveness in the deregulated market. For this purpose evolutionary light water reactors are being developed and promoted actively. In the longer term, other requirements related to long-term sustainability will emerge, including the need to minimise the environmental burden passed on to future generations, the need to establish sustainability of the fuel and the need to minimise stocks of separated plutonium and their accessibility. At this workshop, information on R&D activities for advanced reactor systems was exchanged and research areas in which international co-operation could be strengthened were identified, in particular the roles that could be played by existing experimental facilities and the possible needs for new infrastructure.
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  • 55
    ISBN: 9789264196148
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Sweden
    Abstract: GEOTRAP is the OECD/NEA Project on Radionuclide Migration in Geologic, Heterogeneous Media carried out in the context of site evaluation and safety assessment of deep repository systems for long-lived radioactive waste. Retention of radionuclides within the geosphere for prolonged periods is an important safety function of deep geologic disposal concepts for radioactive waste. The extent to which retention processes can be relied upon in repository performance assessment depends upon the existence of well-established theoretical bases for the processes. It also depends on support for the operation of specific retention processes, and models for their quantitative evaluation, from a wide range of laboratory and field experiments and observations from nature. The fifth GEOTRAP workshop, "Geological Evidence and Theoretical Bases for Radionuclide-retention Processes in Heterogeneous Media" held in May 2001, looked at radionuclide-retention processes and their consideration and representation in performance assessments. Current approaches to characterising and modelling retention processes, and suggestions for future improvements, were presented and discussed. In addition to the material presented during the workshop, this publication includes a technical synthesis reflecting the discussions that took place as well as the conclusions and recommendations made, notably during the working group sessions.
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  • 56
    ISBN: 9789264299146
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Energy and the Kyoto Protocol
    Keywords: Environment ; Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: La mise en oeuvre du Protocole de Kyoto et l’application de ses mécanismes de flexibilité sont au premier plan des débats de politique énergétique dans la plupart des pays de l’OCDE. Le rôle que l’énergie nucléaire est susceptible de jouer dans ce contexte est envisagé de façons diverses, et sur la base de critères différents, par les parties prenantes des gouvernements et de la société civile en fonction de leurs intérêts et de leurs priorités respectives. Cet ouvrage présente des informations clés sur l’énergie nucléaire et le Protocole de Kyoto. Il met en lumière les défis et les opportunités associés au développement futur de l’énergie nucléaire dans le contexte de la mise en oeuvre du Protocole de Kyoto et plus largement dans la lutte contre les risques de changement climatique global. Il s’adresse aux décideurs en matière de politique énergétique, aux experts dans ce domaine et aux membres de la société civile soucieux de mieux comprendre les questions soulevées par le débat sur le rôle de l’énergie nucléaire dans le cadre du développement durable. Il aidera à définir les arbitrages nécessaires pour faire face aux préoccupations relatives au changement climatique planétaire.
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  • 57
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (28 p.)
    Series Statement: CSNI Technical Opinion Papers no.1
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: These technical opinion papers represent the consensus of risk analysts and experts in NEA Member countries on the current state of the art in Fire Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) for nuclear power plant design and operation and Seismic PSA for nuclear facilities. The objective is to present clear technical opinions to decision makers in the nuclear community. As such, the intended audience is primarily nuclear safety regulators, senior researchers and industry leaders. Government authorities, nuclear power plant operators and the general public may also be interested. Also included: Seismic Probabilistic Safety Assessment for Nuclear Facilities (No. 2)
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9789264099128
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (226 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France
    Abstract: This book presents the proceedings of a workshop entitled the "Handling of Timescales in Assessing Post-Closure Safety" of deep geological repositories for radioactive waste organised in Paris on 16-18 April 2002 and hosted by the French Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN). The main objective of the workshop was to identify and discuss approaches related to, and work done on, the timescales issue within national radioactive waste management programmes in the context of assessing post-closure safety. The timescales in question depend upon the half-lives and levels of activity of the radionuclides considered for disposal. These proceedings include the presentations made at the workshop as well as a summary of the discussions held.
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9789264192935
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (194 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Using thermodynamic sorption models for guiding radioelement distribution coefficient (Kd) investigations
    RVK:
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Konferenzschrift ; Radioaktiver Abfall ; Sicherheitsanalyse ; Entsorgung
    Abstract: A general consensus has been reached among technical experts that high-level radioactive waste can safely be disposed of in deep geological repositories. Safety studies are carried out to evaluate the overall capacity of a particular disposal site to confine waste and minimise radioactive releases. Since the principal way in which radioactive elements might eventually reach the biosphere is by transport of dissolved radionuclides in groundwater, the safety study calculations must be able to estimate their rate of transfer through each of the barriers surrounding the repository. It is well known that, for many radioelements, sorption reactions can lead to a reduction of the amount of radionuclides present in the solution phase. How best to take radionuclide sorption reactions into account in repository performance assessment models is the subject of this book.
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  • 60
    ISBN: 9789264193130
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (428 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France
    Abstract: Over the last 50 years particle accelerators have evolved from simple devices to powerful machines, and will continue to have an important impact on research, technology and lifestyle. Today, they cover a wide range of applications, from television and computer displays in households to investigating the origin and structure of matter. It has become common practice to use particle accelerators for material science and medical applications. In recent years, requirements from new technological and research applications have emerged, giving rise to new radiation shielding aspects and problems. These workshop proceedings review recent progress in radiation shielding of accelerator facilities, evaluating advancements and discussing further developments needed with respect to international co-operation in this field.
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  • 61
    ISBN: 9789264193154
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (328 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Regulation
    Keywords: Governance ; Nuclear Energy ; France
    Abstract: Good governance and efficiency in decision making by governmental authorities are increasingly dependent upon mutual trust and confidence between those authorities and the public. This workshop provided an opportunity to exchange information and views on how national nuclear regulatory organisations can improve their interface with the public.
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  • 62
    ISBN: 9789264196223
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le cycle du combustible nucléaire ; Aspects économiques, environnementaux et sociaux
    Keywords: Environment ; Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The role of nuclear energy in a sustainable development context has multiple facets, a significant number of which relate to the nuclear fuel cycle. This report provides a description of the developments and trends in the nuclear fuel cycle that may improve the competitiveness and sustainability of nuclear generating systems over the medium and long term. It also presents criteria and indicators for future nuclear energy systems. Prepared by experts from the nuclear industry, government agencies and research organisations, this report will be of interest to those involved in nuclear energy policy and decision making.
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  • 63
    ISBN: 9789264192782
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (440 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Japan
    Abstract: It has been widely recognised among researchers that speciation data are essential for proper and reliable modelling of radionuclide behaviour, which is studied inter alia in the context of radioactive waste management. Participants at the OECD/NEA workshop on "Evaluation of Speciation Technology" reviewed the various techniques used to identify different species of actinide and fission product elements present in nuclear waste and nuclear reprocessing streams. The review takes into account the advantages, disadvantages and limitations of the various methods in relation to their field of application. Recommendations for future R&D are also provided. These proceedings will primarily be of interest to chemists specialised in separation techniques and radioactive waste management experts.
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  • 64
    ISBN: 9789264194847
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (476 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France
    Abstract: High power proton accelerators are being studied for their potential use in the transmutation of nuclear waste. The Second Workshop on Utilisation and Reliability of High Power Proton Accelerators, organised by the NEA Nuclear Science Committee, placed special emphasis on accelerator-driven system (ADS) concepts comprising a sub-critical reactor coupled with a high power accelerator. The information provided in these proceedings will primarily be of interest to scientists working on accelerator-driven systems, but also to those involved in the construction of high power accelerators.
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  • 65
    ISBN: 9789264189737
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France
    Abstract: The industrial treatment of spent nuclear fuel is presently performed using different wet chemical processes. Alternative dry processes, using pyrochemical methods, have received some attention due to their potential advantages in terms of plant design and criticality safety, as well as radiation dose. Recent progress in the transmutation of long-lived fission products and minor actinides has brought renewed interest in pyrochemical methods, as effective transmutation will be based on multi-recycling of the fuel with very high burn-up and short cooling times, conditions under which pyrochemical methods offer various advantages over wet processes. Studies of pyrochemical processes have so far been carried out at laboratory level. Considerable R&D work is still required in order to upgrade these processes to the current level of industrial aqueous processing.
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264188525
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (179 p.)
    Keywords: Energy ; Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This comprehensive overview explores the policy issues and other factors affecting the future of nuclear power in OECD countries. It provides a wealth of historical and current information of interest to both energy industry professionals and policy makers. Nuclear power has grown steadily since the early 1960s. Today it provides one quarter of OECD electricity supply from 300 GWe capacity. It is an important contributor to OECD energy security. Existing nuclear plants appear ready to meet the challenges of electricity market competition. The industry has experienced sustained improvements in technical and economic performance. A major advantage of nuclear power is that it produces none of the airborne pollutants or carbon dioxide that fossil-fuelled plants do. Nonetheless, nuclear power must cope with many challenges. New nuclear plants face formidable competition from fossil fuel generation, given nuclear power’s high capital cost and today’s fossil fuel prices. Almost half of OECD countries have placed restrictions on building nuclear power plants. Disposal facilities for high-level wastes are under development, but face technical and political hurdles before they can become operational. Can nuclear power meet these challenges and thrive in future energy markets? Or will its contribution to energy supply ebb in coming years? This book provides a critical assessment of the issues that will shape the answers to these questions.
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9789264188600
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; United States
    Abstract: Nuclear power plant life management (PLIM) has become an important issue in the context of changing business circumstances caused by regulatory reform of the electricity market. Specifically, the economic aspect of PLIM is being closely investigated as part of the search for greater competitiveness. It was in this light that the NEA organised an international workshop on "Nuclear Power Plant Life Management in a Changing Business World". The objective of the workshop was to examine the status of PLIM activities in OECD Member countries and to develop a set of recommendations through separate working groups focusing on technology, regulation and business. The workshop also provided an opportunity to exchange information on lessons learned from past successes and failures. These proceedings will be of particular interest to those playing a policy role in the nuclear industry and those in a position to shape future PLIM strategies.
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  • 68
    ISBN: 9789264189393
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Confidence in models of radionuclide transport for site-specific assessments
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Mexico ; United States ; Radionuklid ; Ausbreitung ; Geosphäre
    Abstract: GEOTRAP is the OECD/NEA Project on Radionuclide Migration in Geologic, Heterogeneous Media carried out in the context of site evaluation and safety assessment of deep repository systems for long-lived radioactive waste.Performance assessment of proposed waste disposal sites requires models of radionuclide transport through the geosphere. To be used in repository planning and development, these models must have the confidence of both national waste management programmes and the wider scientific community. The fourth GEOTRAP workshop, "Confidence in Models of Radionuclide Transport for Site-specific Performance Assessment" held in June 1999, addressed the issue of technical confidence building and provided an overview of current developments in this field. Proposed approaches to confidence building and approaches that have already proven successful were presented and discussed. In addition to the material presented during the workshop, this publication includes a technical synthesis reflecting the discussions that took place as well as the conclusions and recommendations made, notably during the working group sessions.
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264294998
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gestion de l'uranium appauvri
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Large stocks of depleted uranium have arisen as a result of enrichment operations, especially in the United States and the Russian Federation. Countries with depleted uranium stocks are interested in assessing strategies for the use and management of depleted uranium. The choice of strategy depends on several factors, including government and business policy, alternative uses available, the economic value of the material, regulatory aspects and disposal options, and international market developments in the nuclear fuel cycle. This report presents the results of a depleted uranium study conducted by an expert group organised jointly by the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency and the International Atomic Energy Agency. It contains information on current inventories of depleted uranium, potential future arisings, long-term management alternatives, peaceful use options and country programmes. In addition, it explores ideas for international collaboration and identifies key issues for governments and policy makers to consider.
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  • 70
    ISBN: 9789264193192
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (248 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Nuclear production of hydrogen
    RVK:
    Keywords: Wasserstofftechnologie ; Kernenergie ; Erneuerbare Energie ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; Nuclear Energy ; France ; Konferenzschrift 2000 ; Kerntechnik ; Wasserstofferzeugung
    Abstract: Hydrogen has the potential to play an important role as a sustainable and environmentally acceptable energy source in the 21st century. However, hydrogen does not exist as a gas on earth and thus has to be produced from, for example, water or natural gas by different separation techniques. One way to do so would be to use nuclear-produced energy or heat in this separation process. The present publication gives an overview of the advancements in the scientific and technological fields related to the nuclear production of hydrogen.
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  • 71
    ISBN: 9789264193536
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (248 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Analysis of the long-term safety of radioactive waste repositories, using performance assessment and other tools, is required prior to implementation. The initial stage in developing a repository safety assessment is the identification of all factors that may be relevant to the long-term safety of the repository and their combination to form scenarios. This must be done in a systematic and transparent way in order to assure the regulatory authorities that nothing important has been forgotten. This report is a review of developments in scenario methodologies based on a large body of practical experience in safety assessments. It will be of interest to radioactive waste management experts as well as to other specialists involved in the development of scenario methodologies.
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  • 72
    ISBN: 9789264193086
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Gas generation and migration in radioactive waste disposal
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France ; Konferenzschrift 2000 ; Endlagerung ; Radioaktiver Abfall ; Gastransport ; Migration ; Hochradioaktiver Abfall ; Endlager ; Gas ; Mineralchemie ; Unterirdisches Bauwerk ; Barriere ; Umweltgeochemie ; Umweltgeologie
    Abstract: In underground repositories for radioactive waste, significant quantities of gases may be generated as a result of several processes. The potential impact of gas generation, accumulation and migration on the performances of the various barriers and, ultimately, on the long-term safety of a repository, should therefore be assessed in the development of safety cases for underground repositories. It was in this context that the EC and the NEA organised a workshop on "Gas Generation, Accumulation and Migration in Underground Repository Systems for Radioactive Waste: Safety-relevant Issues" in Reims, France on 26-28 June 2000. This book includes the texts of the invited presentations, the reports of the deliberations held in the five working groups, as well as the main conclusions of the workshop.
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  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264187627
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Enseignement et formation dans le domaine nucléaire; faut-il s'inquiéter ?
    RVK:
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Mankind now enjoys many benefits from nuclear-related technologies. There is, however, growing concern in many OECD countries that nuclear education and training is decreasing, perhaps to problematic levels. This publication conveys the results of a pioneering survey on nuclear education and training in almost 200 organisations in 16 countries. It presents the current situation and examines causes for concern. It also provides recommendations as to the actions that governments, academia and industry must take in order to ensure that crucial present requirements are met and future options are not precluded.
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  • 74
    ISBN: 9789264082182
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.) , ill.
    DDC: 363.728963
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Integrated performance assessments (IPAs) of radioactive waste repositories deep underground are made at different stages of repository development in order, for example, to allow full-scale development, to provide feedback to R&D, and to test and develop review capability. IPA studies must be acceptable to a wide range of stakeholders and are one of the bases for dialogue amongst regulators and implementers of disposal facilities. The goal of the IPAG-2 study was to examine the experience of regulatory reviews of IPAs, from both the implementer and regulator points of view. Ten implementer and seven regulatory organisations participated. This report presents the lessons learnt from their review experiences, and provides recommendations to aid future regulatory decision making.
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  • 75
    ISBN: 9789264082298
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (680 p.)
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The International Symposium on the Reform of Civil Nuclear Liability, organised by the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency in co-operation with the International Atomic Energy Agency and the European Commission, was held in Budapest, Hungary from 31 May to 3 June 1999. The event attracted over 200 participants from 50 countries, with a view to examining nuclear liability and compensation issues in the context of the recent revision of the Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage, the adoption of the Convention on Supplementary Compensation for Nuclear Damage and the current negotiations being carried out under the aegis of the OECD/NEA on the amendment of the Paris and Brussels Conventions. These proceedings reproduce all papers which were presented at the Symposium, and provide detailed records of the discussion periods.
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  • 76
    ISBN: 9789264182028
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les incidences radiologiques des options de gestion du combustible nucléaire usé ; Une étude comparative
    DDC: 621.4835
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Given its potential significance for public health and the environment, the impact of radioactive releases during important steps of nuclear energy production must be considered when selecting among different fuel cycles. With this in mind, the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) has undertaken a comparative study of the radiological impacts of two main fuel cycle options: one with and one without reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel. The study compares the respective impacts of the two options based on generic models and assumptions as well as actual data. It concludes that the difference between them is not significant. A wealth of recent data assembled and evaluated by an international expert team is provided in annex.
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  • 77
    ISBN: 9789264182462
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    DDC: 621.4838
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The definition of the chemical and isotopic composition of the groundwater present in argillaceous formations, which are considered as potential host rocks for radioactive waste disposal, is crucial for establishing their barrier properties. Therefore, a critical review of the relevant literature on the current methods applied to extract water and solutes and on the various approaches to the interpretation of their results was commissioned to the Laboratoire d’hydrologie et de géochimie isotopique (Université de Paris-Sud, France). The present document provides a synthesis of available extraction methods, assesses their respective advantages and limitations, identifies key processes that may influence the composition of the extracted water, describes modelling approaches that are used to determine in situ porewater composition, and highlights, wherever possible, some of the unresolved issues and recommendations on ways to address them.
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  • 78
    ISBN: 9789264181168
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (444 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Japan
    Abstract: The use of high power particle accelerators in various areas of applied nuclear science is presented with special emphasis on accelerator driven reactor systems (ADS) for transmutation of nuclear waste. National programmes for the development of spallation neutron sources are presented and the performance and reliability of existing or planned accelerators for use in ADS are discussed. Effects, such as thermal shocks and material resistance, on the reactor part of an ADS from loss of accelerator beam are discussed in greater detail.
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9789264181472
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Méthodes d'évaluation des conséquences économiques des accidents nucléaires
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: For practical reasons, the consequences of nuclear reactor accidents are often measured in economic terms. Figures currently available, however, show significant discrepancies. For this reason, the NEA created an expert group to investigate the methodologies used in calculating the economic consequences of accidents, and the bases for such methodologies. Calculation methods were assessed according to three end uses: for compensation and liability purposes; for accident preparedness and management purposes; and for making electricity-generation choices. The group concluded that comparing numerical results is very difficult, even for estimates made from the same perspective, as they are strongly dependent on "boundary" conditions (such as the accident scenarios used, plant characteristics and amount of radioactive material released). This book provides a summary of the group’s findings and will be of interest to decision makers, experts and accident-consequence modellers.
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  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264180956
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Stratégies de surveillance et de gestion de données dans les urgences nucléaires
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Since the accident at Chernobyl in 1986, many countries have intensified their efforts in nuclear emergency planning, preparedness and management. Experience from the NEA nuclear emergency exercises (INEX 1 and INEX 2) indicated a need to improve the international system of communication and information in case of a radiological emergency. To address this need, research was carried out by three NEA working groups, the findings of which are synthesised in the present report. This report defines emergency monitoring and modelling needs, and proposes strategies which will assist decision makers by improving the selection of data that is transmitted, and the way in which data and information are transmitted and received. Modern communication methods, such as the Internet, are a key part of the strategies described.
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  • 81
    ISBN: 9789264280571
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reduction of Capital Costs of Nuclear Power Plants
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: La compétitivité des centrales nucléaires dépend dans une large mesure de leurs coûts en capital qui représentent environ 60 pour cent des coûts totaux de la prodution d’électricité nucléaire. Il est donc essentiel d’inventorier et d’analyser les moyens de réduire les coûts en capital des centrales nucléaires pour renforcer la viabilité économique de l’option nucléaire.Ce rapport s’appuie sur des informations et des données sur les coûts qui ont été fournies par des experts des pays Membres de l’AEN. Il examine différentes méthodes permettant de réduire les coûts en capital des centrales nucléaires. Cet ouvrage présente des éléments d'information utiles aux décideurs de l'industrie nucléaire et des gouvernements dans l'élaboration de leurs politiques.
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  • 82
    ISBN: 9789264180574
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (112 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Réduction des coûts en capital des centrales nucléaires
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The competitiveness of nuclear power plants depends largely on their capital costs that represent some 60 per cent of their total generation costs. Reviewing and analysing ways and means to reduce capital costs of nuclear power plants are essential to enhance the economic viability of the nuclear option. The report is based upon cost information and data provided by experts from NEA Member countries. It investigates the efficiency of alternative methods for reducing capital costs of nuclear units. It will provide stakeholders from the industry and governmental agencies with relevant elements in support of policy making.
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9789264287662
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Legislation in Central and Eastern Europe and the NIS; 2000 Overview
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Legislation in Central and Eastern Europe and the NIS: 2000 Overview
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Osteuropa ; Atomrecht
    Abstract: Cette publication analyse la législation et la réglementation régissant les utilisations pacifiques de l’énergie nucléaire en Europe de l’Est. Elle couvre 11 pays d’Europe centrale et orientale et 11 pays des Nouveaux États indépendants. Tous les chapitres ont été rédigés selon un plan uniforme destiné à faciliter la recherche et la comparaison des informations. Cette publication continuera à faire l’objet de mises à jour régulières. Albanie Kazakhstan Arménie Lettonie Bélarus Lituanie Bosnie-Herzégovine Ouzbékistan Bulgarie Pologne Croatie République de Moldavie Estonie République slovaque Ex-République yougoslave de Macédoine République tchèque Fédération de Russie Roumanie Géorgie Slovénie Hongrie Ukraine
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264187634
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le point sur l'évacuation des déchets radioactifs en formations géologiques
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Geologic disposal of radioactive waste in perspective
    DDC: 363.72/89
    RVK:
    Keywords: Nukleare Entsorgung ; Geologie ; OECD-Staaten ; Nuclear Energy ; Radioaktiver Abfall ; Entsorgung ; Geologie
    Abstract: One of the challenges facing the continued availability of nuclear energy is that of ensuring the safe, environmentally acceptable and economic management of the waste generated during its production. There is a broad scientific and technical consensus that disposal of high-level, long-lived radioactive waste in deep geologic formations is an appropriate and safe means of isolating it from the biosphere for very long time scales. There have, however, been setbacks in the disposal programmes in many countries, primarily due to the failure of the waste management community to win sufficient public and political support. This report, which is based on recent work of the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA), reviews the progress to date in this field and the further steps that may be required to implement geologic disposal, taking into account both the technical and regulatory requirements, and the need to achieve an appropriate level of societal acceptance.This book should be of interest to government and industry decision makers, academics and all those eager to better understand what is at stake in this widely debated subject and the prospects that emerge.
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  • 85
    ISBN: 9789264280540
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (112 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Gestion des déchets radioactifs
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste; Review of Developments in the Last Decade
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste: Review of Developments in the Last Decade
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Radioaktiver Abfall ; Entsorgung ; Endlager ; Geologie
    Abstract: L’idée d’isoler de l’environnement humain les déchets radioactifs à vie longue en les stockant dans des dépôts profonds remonte à plusieurs décennies. Depuis, les recherches réalisées dans le monde ont renforcé nos connaissances et notre compréhension du fonctionnement des systèmes de stockage souterrain sur des périodes très longues. On a également bien avancé vers la réalisation de ces installations. Cependant, les programmes d’évacuation des déchets radioactifs ont subi des retards dans plusieurs pays. Ce rapport fait le tour des évolutions intervenues dans le domaine de l’évacuation au cours de la dernière décennie. Les principales sources de données de l’étude sont les réponses à un questionnaire, fournies par les organismes s’occupant de la gestion des déchets représentés au sein du Comité de la gestion des déchets radioactifs (RWMC). Ce comité regroupe des experts internationaux issus d’autorités de sûreté, d’agences de gestion de déchets, d’institutions de R-D ainsi que des organismes décisionnels
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9789264187511
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Features, events and processes (FEPs) for geologic disposal of radioactive waste
    DDC: 551
    RVK:
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Radioaktiver Abfall ; Risikoanalyse
    Abstract: Safety assessments of disposal sites for radioactive waste involve analyses of potential releases of radionuclides from the disposed waste and subsequent transport to the human environment. An important stage of assessment is the identification and documentation of all the features, events and processes (FEPs) that may be relevant to long-term safety. This report provides an international compilation of FEPs as well as a basis for selecting the FEPs that should be included in safety analyses.
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  • 87
    ISBN: 9789264187665
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Législation nucléaire en Europe centrale et orientale et dans les NEI ; Panorama 2000
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Législation nucléaire en Europe centrale et orientale et dans les NEI : Panorama 2000
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This publication examines the legislation and regulations governing the peaceful uses of nuclear energy in eastern European countries. It covers 11 countries from Central and Eastern Europe and 11 countries from the New Independent States.
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  • 88
    ISBN: 9789264180888
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 621
    RVK:
    Keywords: Energy ; Nuclear Energy ; Konferenzschrift 1999 ; Electronic books ; Kernenergie ; Ausstieg ; Energiewirtschaft
    Abstract: Energy and nuclear policy makers face many challenges as they evaluate options to ensure an adequate supply of electricity while pursuing environmental, economic and energy security goals. Many analysts suggest that nuclear’s share of global energy supply could decrease in coming decades. If energy markets and national energy policies continue along "business as usual" lines, what are the issues that arise? What are the consequences for the long-term availability of nuclear technology and expertise? This book identifies the issues in a series of papers presented at a recent meeting jointly organised by the International Energy Agency and the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency. Senior energy policy makers and industry executives from OECD Member countries contributed these analyses. They offer a realistic assessment of nuclear’s potential contribution, and the major challenges awaiting nuclear energy and energy supply in general. For those seeking a review of the current issues facing nuclear power within the broad context of energy policy, this is an essential report.
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