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  • 1995-1999  (103)
  • Dordrecht : Springer  (103)
  • Berlin : Reimer
  • Humanities  (67)
  • Language and languages—Philosophy.  (43)
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Language
Years
Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The (Coming) Age of Thresholding (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401592710
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 301 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies in Contemporary Culture 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: As a philosopher, Stephen Erickson considers himself a messenger of sorts and the message he is delivering is an important and groundbreaking one. He convincingly argues that we are entering into a new historical moment, a period which will only be properly defined and named by those who come after us, as were the Renaissance and the Enlightenment. Erickson predicts a failure and eventual breakdown of traditional values and institutions resulting in a dramatic change in our understanding of human life. This he illustrates with clear examples from contemporary political, economic and religious circumstances. To lessen the impact of this dramatic changeover, which will be initially experienced as upheaval and global anxiety, Erickson argues that we must do all we can to come into this new era, which he has called The Age of Thresholding, with a better understanding of our past and present. Only then can the message our future holds be properly received and understood. Many have asked why and when our century's values came into being, and why they have been sustained in the manner in which they have. These are legitimate historical questions, and I hope to supply some answers. But other questions should be directed toward our future. Over what threshold might we be crossing and what will have been ventured? What will have been gained, and what will be left behind? from The (Coming) Age of Thresholding
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9271-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Agent Causality (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401592253
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 168 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 283
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Self. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Who - or what - is an agent? How - in virtue of what - does an agent do things, or refrain from doing them? In this attempt to understand the concept of agent causality, Vollmer proposes that persons are in control of their actions in virtue of reflective consciousness, consisting of a primary, intrinsic, nonobservational awareness of one's own activity, and a capacity to form second-order thoughts about such activity. According to traditional action theory, only behaviour that an agent is aware of performing (under some description) counts as action. In Vollmer's view, however, reflective consciousness plays a more important role than just determining what someone is doing, or under what description the action is intentional. Reflective consciousness is what gives you control and renders you free. Reflective consciousness is what you are. Readership: Professionals and students interested in theoretical psychology and the theory of action
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9225-3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
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    Interpretations and Causes : New Perspectives on Donald Davidson’s Philosophy (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401592277
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 272 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 285
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy—History. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Many articles and books dealing with Donald Davidson's philosophy are dedicated to the papers and ideas Davidson put forward in the `sixties and `seventies. In the last two decades, however, Davidson has continued to work in many areas of philosophy, offering new contributions, many of which are highly regarded by philosophers working in the fields concerned. For instance, Davidson has considerably developed his ideas about interpretation, theory of meaning, irreducibility of the mental, causation, and action theory; he has proposed an innovative externalist conception of the mental content and a new analysis of the concept of truth; and he has partly modified his theses about event, and the supervenience of the mental on the physical. In Interpretations and Causes, some of the leading contemporary analytic philosophers discuss Davidson's new ideas in a lively, relevant, useful, and not always entirely sympathetic way. Davidson himself offers and original contribution
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9227-7
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  • 4
    Online Resource
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    Cognition, Agency and Rationality : Proceedings of the Fifth International Colloquium on Cognitive Science (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401710701
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 202 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 79
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Artificial intelligence ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: As usual, the Proceedings of the International Colloquium on Cognitive Science include leading-edge work by outstanding researchers in the field. This volume contains three kinds of papers corresponding to three of the main disciplines in cognitive science: philosophy, psychology, and artificial intelligence. The title - Cognition, Agency and Rationality - captures the main issues addressed by the papers. Of course, all are concerned with cognition, but some are especially centred on the very concept of rationality, while others focus on (multiple) agency. The diversity of their disciplinary origins and standpoints not only reflects the main topics and the range of different positions presented at ICCS-97, as well as demonstrating the richness, fruitfulness and diversity of research in cognitive science today
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1070-1
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Newton and Religion : Context, Nature, and Influence (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401724265
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 333 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées 161
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 161
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Religion.
    Abstract: Over the past twenty-five years - since the very large collection of Newton's papers became available and began to be seriously examined - the beginnings of a new picture of Newton has emerged. This volume of essays builds upon the foundation of its authors in their previous works and extends and elaborates the emerging picture of the `new' Newton, the great synthesizer of science and religion as revealed in his intellectual context
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2426-5
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  • 6
    Online Resource
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    The Sciences in the European Periphery During the Enlightenment (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401147705
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The articles in this volume of ARCHIMEDES examine particular cases of `reception' in ways that emphasize pressing historiographical and methodological issues. Such issues arise in any consideration of the transmission and appropriation of scientific concepts and practices that originated in the several `centers' of European learning, subsequently to appear (often in considerably altered guise) in regions at the European periphery. They discuss the transfer of new scientific ideas, the mechanisms of their introduction, and the processes of their appropriation at the periphery. The themes that frame the discussions of the complex relationship between the origination of ideas and their reception include the ways in which the ideas of the Scientific Revolution were introduced, the particularities of their expression in each place, the specific forms of resistance encountered by these new ideas, the extent to which such expression and resistance displays national characteristics, the procedures through which new ways of dealing with nature were made legitimate, and the commonalities and differences between the methods developed by scholars for handling scientific issues
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-4770-5
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Freud’s Philosophy of the Unconscious (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401716116
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 221 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Cognitive Systems 23
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy of mind ; History
    Abstract: Freud's Philosophy of the Unconscious is the only comprehensive, systematic study of Sigmund Freud's philosophy of mind. Freud emerges as a sophisticated philosopher who addresses many of the central questions that concern contemporary philosophers and cognitive scientists while anticipating many of their views. While still a student in Vienna, Freud was initiated into philosophy by Franz Brentano. The book charts Freud's intellectual development as he deals with the mind-body problem, the nature of consciousness, folk psychology versus scientific psychology, the relationship between language and thought, realism and antirealism in psychology, and the nature of unconscious mental events. The book also critically examines writings on Freud by Wittgenstein, Davidson, and Searle, demonstrating their weakness as interpretations and criticisms of Freud's position. Readership: Philosophers, cognitive scientists, psychologists, psychoanalysts, psychotherapists and psychiatrists
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1611-6
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  • 8
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    Inquiry as Inquiry: A Logic of Scientific Discovery (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401593137
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 289 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Jaakko Hintikka Selected Papers 5
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Logic ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Is a genuine logic of scientific discovery possible? In the essays collected here, Hintikka not only defends an affirmative answer; he also outlines such a logic. It is the logic of questions and answers. Thus inquiry in the sense of knowledge-seeking becomes inquiry in the sense of interrogation. Using this new logic, Hintikka establishes a result that will undoubtedly be considered the fundamental theorem of all epistemology, viz., the virtual identity of optimal strategies of pure discovery with optimal deductive strategies. Questions to Nature, of course, must include observations and experiments. Hintikka shows, in fact, how the logic of experimental inquiry can be understood from the interrogative vantage point. Other important topics examined include induction (in a forgotten sense that has nevertheless played a role in science), explanation, the incommensurability of theories, theory-ladenness of observations, and identifiability
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9313-7
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    In Search of a New Humanism : The Philosophy of Georg Henrik von Wright (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401718523
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 250 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 282
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy of law ; Logic ; Ontology ; Philosophy—History. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Law—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This collection of essays presents a systematic and up-to-date survey of the main aspects of Georg Henrik von Wright's philosophy, tracing the general humanistic leitmotiv to be found in his vast, varied output. The analysis covers the developments in Von Wright's thought up to the end of the 1990s. The essays are arranged thematically to focus on the chief areas of Von Wright's interests: practical rationality; human action and determinism; philosophical logic and theories of norms; research in the analytical tradition; and Wittgenstein studies. Readership: Scholars and students of moral philosophy, logic, psychology, sociology, cognitive science and the history of contemporary philosophy
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1852-3
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  • 10
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    Judaeo-Christian Intellectual Culture in the Seventeenth Century : A Celebration of the Library of Narcissus Marsh (1638-1713) (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401146333
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 262 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 163
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 163
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Genetic epistemology ; History ; Culture—Study and teaching. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Philosophy. ; Cultural property.
    Abstract: This work focuses on Latin Judaica and Biblical interpretation with a primary emphasis on texts that were found in the library of Archbishop Narcissus Marsh of Dublin. This remarkable collection of Latin Judaica, Polyglot Bibles, and other works sheds light on the way in which the Protestant Reformation dealt both with Jews, and the Bible, the Jewish Kabbalah and religious toleration or intolerance. The articles contained herein will be of especial interest to historians of religion and philosophy, and those dealing with Jewish-Christian relations and the manner in which Biblical interpretation was changed as a result of seventeenth-century influences. The articles also weave a new approach to the broad history of religious toleration. Philosophers, political thinkers, religious clerics, and budding anthropologists look at Judaism, Christianity, Kabbalah, and the Bible under a new and vastly more modern lens
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-4633-3
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  • 11
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    Success in Referential Communication (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401731812
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVI, 176 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 80
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Humanities ; Artificial intelligence ; Social sciences ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: One of the most basic themes in the philosophy of language is referential uptake, viz., the question of what counts as properly `understanding' a referring act in communication. In this inquiry, the particular line pursued goes back to Strawson's work on re-identification, but the immediate influence is that of Gareth Evans. It is argued that traditional and recent proposals fail to account for success in referential communication. A novel account is developed, resembling Evans' account in combining an external success condition with a Fregean one. But, in contrast to Evans, greater emphasis is placed on the action-enabling side of communication. Further topics discussed include the role of mental states in accounting for communication, the impact of re-identification on the understanding of referring acts, and Donnellan's referential/attributive distinction. Readership: Philosophers, cognitive scientists and semanticists
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3181-2
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  • 12
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    Leibniz: Representation, Continuity and the Spatiotemporal (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401591478
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 195 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Science and Philosophy 7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Anapolitanos critically examines and evaluates three basic characteristics of the Leibnizian metaphysical system: Leibniz's version of representation; the principle of continuity; and space, time, and the phenomenally spatio-temporal. Chapter I discusses representation, especially as it refers to the connection between the real and the phenomenal levels of Leibniz's system. Chapter II examines the principle of continuity, including continuity as a general feature of every level of Leibniz's metaphysics. The position adopted is that the problem of the composition of the continuum played a central role on the development of Leibniz's non-spatial and non-temporal monadic metaphysics. The machinery developed is then used to offer a new interpretation of Leibniz' metaphysics of space and time. The notion of indirect representation is used to construct appropriate models that clarify the nature of the correspondence between the real and the phenomenal levels in the case of the relations `spatially between' and `temporally between', as well as in the cases of spatial and temporal density. Finally, Leibniz's solution to the problem of the continuum is discussed, arguing that it is not entirely satisfactory. A non-anachronistic alternative is proposed, compatible with Leibniz's metaphysics of substance
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9147-8
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  • 13
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    A Textbook of Belief Dynamics : Solutions to exercises (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400708143
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 65 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Applied Logic Series 11/2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Humanities ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: The mid-1980s saw the discovery of logical tools that make it possible to model changes in belief and knowledge in entirely new ways. These logical tools turned out to be applicable to both human beliefs and to the contents of databases. Philosophers, logicians, and computer scientists have contributed to making this interdisciplinary field one of the most exciting in the cognitive scientists - and one that is expanding rapidly. This, the first textbook in the new area, contains both discursive chapters with a minimum of formalism and formal chapters in which proofs and proof methods are presented. Using different selections from the formal sections, according to the author's detailed advice, allows the book to be used at all levels of university education. A supplementary volume contains solutions to the 210 exercises. The volume's unique, comprehensive coverage means that it can also be used by specialists in the field of belief dynamics and related areas, such as non-monotonic reasoning and knowledge representation
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-0814-3
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  • 14
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    Can that be Right? : Essays on Experiment, Evidence, and Science (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401153348
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 318 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 199
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 199
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Physics—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: In this collection of essays Allan Franklin defends the view that science provides us with knowledge about the world which is based on experimental evidence and on reasoned and critical discussion. In short, he argues that science is a reasonable enterprise. He begins with detailed studies of four episodes from the history of modern physics: (1) the early attempts to detect gravity waves, (2) how the physics community decided that a proposed new elementary particle, 17-keV neutrino, did not exist, (3) a sequence of experiments on K meson decay, and (4) the origins of the Fifth Force hypothesis, a proposed modification of Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation. The case studies are then used to examine issues such as how discord between experimental results is resolved, calibration of an experimental apparatus and its legitimate use in validating an experimental result, and how experimental results provide reasonable grounds for belief in both the truth of physical theories and in the existence of the entities involved in those theories. This book is a challenge to the critics of science, both postmodern and constructivist, to provide convincing alternative explanations of the episodes and issues discussed. It should be of interest to philosophers, historians, and sociologists of science, and to scientists themselves
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-5334-8
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  • 15
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    Truth and Its Nature (if Any) (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401592338
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 221 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 284
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Logic ; Philosophy, modern ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: The nature of truth is one of the central philosophical problems of all time. Truth and Its Nature (if Any) draws together contributions from outstanding analytic philosophers who approach the problem within the context established by the results of Alfred Tarski. The main focus of the majority of the contributions is on the recent debate between the `deflationist' denigration of the truth predicate into a mere contentless grammatical device and `inflationists', who insist, on the contrary, that truth is a crucially deep and substantial concept. The book is divided into four parts. The first is devoted to a reconsideration of some of the classical ideas about truth (especially those of Frege, James and Carnap). The second concentrates on Tarski and on ways to interpret his achievements from our current perspective. The third discusses Donald Davidson's `inflationist' approach to truth and on reasons for seeing truth as substantial. The fourth concentrates on the `deflationist' approach of Paul Horwich
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9233-8
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  • 16
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    An Essay in Universal Semantics (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401592437
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 146 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Topoi Library 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Semantics ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Mathematical logic. ; Semiotics. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This book is a study of the foundations of model-theoretic semantics. Its central thesis is that one does not need to assume a perfect structural fit between languages and their models in order to characterise the basic semantic notions. In particular, truth-value gaps and gluts can be explained away as local phenomena that do not bring logical disaster in their wake. Varzi's detailed and original account is based on a generalisation of supervaluationary techniques and is illustrated with reference to a range of different types of examples, from sentential logic to type theory. Audience: The book is self-contained and will appeal to philosophers, logicians, linguists and computer scientists
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9243-7
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  • 17
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    The Young Leibniz and his Philosophy (1646-76) (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401735070
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 314 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées 166
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 166
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, modern ; History
    Abstract: Despite the importance of Leibniz's mature philosophy, his early work has been relatively neglected. This collection begins with an overview of his formative years and includes 12 original papers by internationally-known scholars. The contributions reflect the wide range of the young Leibniz's philosophical interests and his interests in related subjects, including law, physics and theology. Some chapters explore his relationship to other philosophers, including his teachers in Leipzig and Jena and his Paris friend Tschirnhaus, as well as Hobbes and Spinoza. Others focus on particular periods or texts and deal with themes ranging from ethics and free-will to his philosophically-significant account of transubstantiation and his early monadology. Some of the topics are familiar to Leibniz students - harmony, sufficient reason and possible worlds, for instance - but others are less familiar - for instance, his attitude to historical truth, millenarianism and the relation of mathematics to the natural world. The book provides an introduction to Leibniz's early philosophy and throws light on the development of some of the doctrines with which he is particularly associated
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3507-0
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  • 18
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    The Natural Background of Meaning (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401590846
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 252 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 197
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 197
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; Science—Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: In The Natural Background to Meaning Denkel argues that meaning in language is an outcome of the evolutionary development of forms of animal communication, and explains this process by naturalising the Locke-Grice approach. The roots of meaning are contained in observable regularities, which are manifestations of objective connections such as essences and causal relations. Denkel's particularistic ontology of properties and causation leads to a view of time that harmonises B-theory with transience. Time's passage, he argues, is a necessary condition of communication and meaning. The book connects some central topics in the philosophies of language, science and ontology, treating them within the framework of a single theory. It will interest not only professional philosophers doing research on meaning, universals, causation and time, but also students, who can consult it as a textbook examining Grice's theory of meaning
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9084-6
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  • 19
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    Shapes of Forms : From Gestalt Psychology and Phenomenology to Ontology and Mathematics (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401729901
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 378 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 275
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Phenomenology ; Psycholinguistics ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy and science.
    Abstract: The development of research connected with artificial intelligence and the cognitive sciences obliges us to confront further components of the traditional problem of form. In particular, the debate about bottom up and top down processes seems to suggest that the difference in cognitive processes is more a difference of degree than of kind internally to a form, i.e. a structure, consisting of different layers. Even if there is no single or fundamental theory of forms, in this volume the concept of form is analyzed in different fields (ranging from ontology to language, mathematics, and psychology , and in its different aspects according to a more modern theory of knowledge
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2990-1
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  • 20
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    Christianopolis (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401592673
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 332 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées 162
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 162
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Economics Methodology ; Romance languages ; History ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Economics—History.
    Abstract: The Christianopolis (1619) of Johann Valentin Andreae describes in great detail a utopian community of scholar-craftsmen, as seen through the eyes of a naïve young traveller. It is a multi-level text, carefully constructed to provide both entertainment and a critique of contemporary society and religion, which could also be read as the prospectus for the establishment of a new community. This new translation aims to clarify Andreae's elliptical Latin for the first time by identifying parallel passages, allusions and sources for his ideas, and by linking Christianopolis with Andreae's other work as satirist, dramatist, poet and mathematician. A new model of his revision of ideas drawn from Campanella is put forward, and the politico-economic principles embodied in the text are explored. The translation should be of interest to students of the history of utopian ideas, and the history of economic thought
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9267-3
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  • 21
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    Fact, Faith and Fiction in the Development of Science : The Gifford Lectures Given in the University of St Andrews 1976 (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401592956
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 462 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 205
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 205
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Chemistry ; Geology ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Astronomy—Observations.
    Abstract: In this posthumous book, the late Professor R. Hooykaas (1906-1994) conveys a lifetime of historical thought about modes of scientific advance over the centuries. In what variety of ways has the human mind, with all its subjectivity and its capacity for self-deception, but also its piercing gifts of discovery, managed to come to terms with `the whimsical tricks of nature'? Central to this erudite, penetrating, and widely ranging study is Hooykaas's distinction between facts (given by nature yet entirely subject to our mode of interpreting them), faith (broad conceptions like the idea of order, of simplicity, or of harmony), and fictions in the sense of those daring intellectual tools, such as theories and hypotheses and models, which reflect the scientist's creative imagination. Case studies drawn from the history of all branches of science (including chemistry and the earth sciences) and from Antiquity to the present day, serve to widen and to deepen the understanding of every reader (whether a historian of science or not) with a desire to learn more about the realities of the scientific pursuit
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9295-6
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  • 22
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    The Natural and Societal Challenges of the Northern Sea Route : A Reference Work (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401594097
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XLII, 466 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Environmental toxicology ; Regional planning ; Regional economics ; Spatial economics. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Ethnology. ; Culture. ; Environmental chemistry.
    Abstract: The Northern Sea Route (NSR) through Russia's ice-infested Arctic waters can potentially halve sailing distances between Europe and Northeast Asia. It also passes by some of the world's largest oil and gas reserves. As we enter the 21st century, technological, political and even climatic developments are again making the NSR an interesting possibility. Is international, commercial shipping on NSR feasible - economically, technologically and environmentally? This has been the topic of six years of research within the International Northern Sea Route Programme (INSROP), enlisting the expertise of 450 researchers from 14 countries. Acknowledging the complexity of the problem, the research programme used a uniquely multi-disciplinary approach, with 104 sub-projects mapping and investigating relevant ship technology, the costs and benefits versus other transport routes, potential impacts on the environment and local indigenous peoples, the cargo potential, political and administrative obstacles, the availability of insurance, aspects of security, jurisdiction and environmental law, as well as other aspects. The results and conclusions of the 104 studies have been integrated and is presented in this book - the first book ever to address the Northern Sea Route in such a comprehensive manner.It is truly a reference work, which should be on the desk of all commercial and political decision-makers concerned with the commercial potential and future development of Northern Sea Route shipping - as well as other stakeholders and interested experts
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9409-7
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  • 23
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    Kazimierz Opałek Selected Papers in Legal Philosophy (1999)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401592574
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 344 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 39
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy of law ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Ethics ; Logic ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Law—Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Abstract: Philosophical aspects of law and jurisprudence are investigated from various points of view. This collection represents the analytic approach to legal philosophy. However, this approach is not extreme in the sense that it is limited exclusively to linguistic matters. The concept of norm as a directive of conduct is the central category analyzed in particular essays. The structure of directives as well as their semantic and pragmatic roles are studied. Pragmatic functions of directives are linked with their functioning as speech acts. Moreover, existence and validity of norms are analyzed. The author also touches on general methodological problems of legal theory and philosophy, particularly their relations to social sciences. The collection covers material interesting for philosophers, lawyers and social scientists
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9257-4
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  • 24
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    The Emotions in Hellenistic Philosophy (1998)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401590822
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 380 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 46
    Series Statement: The new synthese historical library
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Humanities ; Ethics ; Philosophy of mind ; History ; History, Ancient. ; Philosophy, Ancient.
    Abstract: Discussions about the nature of the emotions in Hellenistic philosophy have aroused intense scholarly interest over the last few years. The topics covered by the essays in this volume range from the classical background of Hellenistic theories, through debates on emotion in the major Hellenistic schools, to discussions in later antiquity. Special emphasis is placed on the development of the Stoic views on the nature and value of the emotions. The essays are written with a high level of philosophical and classical scholarship, but contain no exclusive technicalities. Audience: This first comprehensive treatment of the emotions in Hellenistic philosophy can be read with pleasure and profit not only by professionals in ancient philosophy but also all those who are interested in the philosophy of mind and its history
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9082-2
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  • 25
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    Topic-Focus Articulation, Tripartite Structures, and Semantic Content (1998)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401590129
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 218 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 71
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    Keywords: Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Linguistics ; Comparative linguistics ; Computational linguistics ; Semiotics. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This marks the outcome of an unusual collaborative effort by leading scholars of two distinguished linguistic traditions, combining formal and functional approaches to semantics. Eva Hajicová and Petr Sgall are the leaders of the most `formal' branch of the contemporary functional Prague School tradition, while Barbara H. Partee is one of the founders of formal semantics and one of its leading contributors. In this work the authors jointly explore the relationship between theories of topic-focus structure, principally as developed in the Prague School, and the tripartite structure approach to quantification and other focus-sensitive constructions which has emerged from work in formal semantics by Heim, Kamp, Rooth, Partee, Von Finkel, Krifka, and others. The book provides a brief introduction to the most relevant aspects of both traditions, then proceeds through a dialogue between the two approaches, culminating in a synthesis in which a set of jointly developed hypotheses are examined and applied to a broad range of examples. The book will be of interest to researchers and advanced students in semantics, pragmatics, comparative English-Slavic structure, semantic typology, computational linguistics, and general linguistics theory
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9012-9
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  • 26
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    Naming the Rainbow : Colour Language, Colour Science, and Culture (1998)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401723824
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 222 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 274
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Anthropological linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Is there a universal biolinguistic disposition for the development of `basic' colour words? This question has been a subject of debate since Brent Berlin and Paul Kay's Basic Color Terms: Their Universality and Evolution was published in 1969. Naming the Rainbow is the first extended study of this debate. The author describes and criticizes empirically and conceptually unified models of colour naming that relate basic colour terms directly to perceptual and ultimately to physiological facts, arguing that this strategy has overlooked the cognitive dimension of colour naming. He proposes a psychosemantics for basic colour terms which is sensitive to cultural difference and to the nature and structure of non-linguistic experience. Audience: Contemporary colour naming research is radically interdisciplinary and Naming the Rainbow will be of interest to philosophers, psychologists, anthropologists, and cognitive scientists concerned with: biological constraints on cognition and categorization; problems inherent in cross-cultural and in interdisciplinary science; the nature and extent of cultural relativism
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2382-4
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  • 27
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    The Enlightenment Project in the Analytic Conversation (1998)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401733007
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 533 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies in Contemporary Culture 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy of mind ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy. ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Analytic philosophy has been a dominant intellectual movement in the 20th century and a reflection of the cultural pre-eminence of scientism. In response to analytic philosophy's peculiar reticence (and inability) to discuss itself, this book provides its first comprehensive history and critique. The central element in the analytic conversation has been the Enlightenment Project: the appeal to an autonomous human reason, freed of any higher authority and channeling itself through science as its privileged tool. This centrality is demonstrated by systematically examining its presence and development in the philosophy of science, metaphysics, epistemology, language, psychology, social science, ethics, political philosophy, and the history of philosophy. This journey highlights the internal logical disintegration of that project. Post-modern relativism is its natural offspring and not a viable alternative. The Enlightenment Project's conception of physical science is defective; this defective conception of physical science renders the analytic conception of social science, philosophical psychology, and epistemology defective; and that defective conception of the human condition leads to defective conceptions of both moral and political philosophy, specifically the idea of social engineering or social technology. Throughout the book, an alternative conception of philosophy is presented as a way out of the abyss of analysis, an alternative that reconnects philosophy with the mainstream of Western civilization and initiates the process of providing a coherent cultural narrative. This book will be of particular interest to any sophisticated reader concerned about the lack of a coherent cultural narrative
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3300-7
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  • 28
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    Leibniz, Mysticism and Religion (1998)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401590525
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 202 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales D’histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 158
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 158
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Religion (General) ; History ; Religion. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: This important, well-researched collection of essays will change many readers' perceptions of Leibniz and of the seventeenth century. Dealing with such subjects as Leibniz's occult sources, his interest in mysticism, Kabbalah, and Chinese philosophy, and his attitude towards enthusiasm, the authors provide new insights into Leibniz's thought and the cultural context in which he lived. The individual essays bring forward much in the way of new primary material, while at the same time conserving the valuable aspects of older commentators on Leibniz (Baruzi, Meyer, Loemker). The fact that the authors frequently disagree makes this an exciting collection that is bound to provoke discussion and debate. While this book will especially appeal to Leibniz scholars, it has much to recommend it to readers interested in the philosophy, theology, and science of early modern Europe
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9052-5
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  • 29
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    Thought, Language, and Ontology : Essays in Memory of Hector-Neri Castañeda (1998)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401150521
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVII, 388 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 76
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Logic ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Artificial intelligence ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The late Hector-Neri Castañeda, the Mahlon Powell Professor of Philosophy at Indiana University, and founding editor of Noûs, has deeply influenced current analytic pjilosophy with diverse contributions, including guise theory, the theory on indicators and quasi-indicators, and the proposition/practition theory. This volume collects 15 papers - for the most part previously unpublished - in ontology, philosophy of language, cognitive science and related areas by ex-students of Professor Castañeda, most of whom are now well-known researchers or even distinguished scholars. The authors share the conviction that Castañeda's work must continue to be explored and that his philosophical methodology must continue to be applied in an effort to further illuminate all the issues that he so deeply investigated. The topics covered by the contributions include intensional contexts, possible worlds, quasi-indicators, guise theory, property theory, Russell's substitutional theory of propositions, event theory, the adverbial theory of mental attitudes, existentialist ontology, and Plato's, Leibniz's, Kant's and Peirce's ontologies. An introduction by the editors relates all these themes to Castañeda's philosophical interests and methodology
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-5052-1
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  • 30
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    The New Theory of Reference : Kripke, Marcus, and Its Origins (1998)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401152501
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (393p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 270
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: This collection of essays is the definitive version of a widely discussed debate over the origins of the New Theory of Reference. In new articles written especially for this volume, Quentin Smith and Scott Soames, the original participants in the debate, elaborate their positions on who was responsible for the ideas that Saul Kripke presented in his Naming and Necessity. They are joined by John Burgess, who weighs in on the side of Soames, while Smith adds a further dimension in discussing the contributions of philosophers such as Føllesdal, Geach, Hintikka, and Plantinga. Also included are lengthy excerpts from Føllesdal's 1961 Harvard dissertation and a careful examination by Sten Lindström of the respective contributions of Kripke and Stig Kanger to the development of modal semantics. The collection will be essential reading for anyone acquainted with these influential ideas
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-5250-1
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  • 31
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    Designing Communities (1998)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401155625
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (344p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Science & Technology Education Library 3
    Series Statement: Contemporary Trends and Issues in Science Education 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Education ; Semantics ; Science Study and teaching ; Humanities ; Artificial intelligence ; Sociolinguistics ; Semiotics. ; Science—Study and teaching.
    Abstract: The book employs a rich set of theoretical frames to yield a panorama of research findings having potential interest for educational researchers, policy makers, teacher educators and K-12 teachers. Roth's ideal science classrooms feature creative and inquisitive students working together to solve problems that interest them. More learning occurs at centers of high pupil density and students who participate most in on-task activities are not necessarily those who contribute or learn most. Roth identifies weaknesses of assessment based on products only and highlights the advantages of using videotapes as sources for assessment. Roth shows that student learning is not only a result of individual sense-making efforts but involves interactions between living and artifactual components of a community of participants. `This book promises to be a turning point for science educators involved in social constructivist reform; they will be challenged to reconsider the gloss that they have painted over the social dimension of knowledge construction.' Peter C. Taylor, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-5562-5
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  • 32
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    Heinrich Hertz: Classical Physicist, Modern Philosopher (1998)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401588553
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 324 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 198
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 198
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This first major collection of essays devoted to Heinrich Hertz (1857-1894) brings together an international group of physicists, philosophers, and historians of science. It includes investigations of Hertz's background, his theoretical and experimental contributions, his philosophy of science, and his influence on science and philosophy in the twentieth century. Its central focus is Hertz's Principles of Mechanics of 1894 which develops the methodological intuitions that also informed his earlier discovery of electromagnetic wave radiation (so-called radio waves). Though his proposed reform of mechanics was not adopted, the book proved influential on physicists like Einstein, Schrödinger, Bohr, and Heisenberg, and on philosophers like Cassirer, Schlick, and Wittgenstein. It can be regarded as an ancestor of Thomas Kuhn's Structure of Scientific Revolutions, it anticipated current discussions on the role of models in science, and it represents an important chapter in the history of conventionalism. Audience: Philosophers of science, historians of science, Wittgenstein scholars, historians and philosophers of technology, physicists, electrical engineers, and mathematicians
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8855-3
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  • 33
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    Discourse, Interaction and Communication : Proceedings of the Fourth International Colloquium on Cognitive Science (ICCS-95) (1998)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401589949
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 191 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 72
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; Linguistics. ; Philosophy. ; Cognitive psychology.
    Abstract: The papers in this volume represent leading-edge work by well-known scholars on the topics mentioned in the title: discourse, interaction, and communication. They report work done from widely divergent points on the theoretical spectrum of cognitive science, and from different disciplinary starting points (philosophy, logic, linguistics, artificial intelligence). Not only do these works faithfully represent the main topics and the wide range of differing positions presented at the Fourth International Colloquium on Cognitive Science (ICCS-95), but despite their differences (or perhaps because of these differences) they also display many clear directions for future research in these three central areas of cognitive science. This book is essential reading for all researchers in cognitive science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8994-9
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    Legal Indeterminacy and Constitutional Interpretation (1998)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401591232
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 202 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 37
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Law ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy of law ; Logic ; Constitutional law ; Law—History. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Law—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The main purpose of this book is to offer a logical analysis of legal propositions, especially of constitutional propositions. This analysis shows the relationship between truth-conditions of legal propositions and the problem of indeterminacy. Where the law is indeterminate, legal propositions lack truth-values. The background of this approach is the philosophical debate between realism and antirealism. The book deals with the notions of legal norms and legal systems and provides an analysis of the notion of legal indeterminacy and its relation to gaps, contradictions and the vagueness of legal concepts. It shows also that the simple model of a legal system is not sufficient to account for the complexity of legal propositions referring to legal systems of some degree of maturity. Several notions from legal dynamics are presented in order to bring to light the importance of concepts like applicability or hierarchy for the determination of the truth-value of a legal proposition. Thus the primacy of constitution becomes a central idea in the theoretical reconstruction of most contemporary legal systems; a conceptual explanation of this idea is presented and some conclusions from that explanation are drawn. Finally, a particular conception of constitutional interpretation is proposed. Special attention is paid to the relationship between interpretation and legal indeterminacy and, more specifically, to the problem of the discretion enjoyed by the organs entrusted with applying the constitution and also to the several theses that have been discussed controversially in the context of constitutional interpretation, such as the relevance of the intentions for the interpretation of the constitution and for the justification of judicial review
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9123-2
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  • 35
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    Plurality and Quantification (1998)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401727068
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 386 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 69
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Logic ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: The eight papers collected in Plurality and Quantification address three central issues in the study of plurality and quantification in natural languages. The first major theme regards algebraic approaches to plurals and quantification that have emerged as the leading paradigm for the study of these empirical phenomena over the last decade. The second main issue concerns the philosophical and mathematical foundations of concepts such as distributivity and collectivity. Finally, the authors address a broad range of empirical phenomena in Germanic and Romance languages, including the influence of Aktionsart on plural noun phrases, negative polarity, mass terms, plural quantification, and noun phrase conjunction. Many of the papers shed new light on the question of how many readings have to be assigned to plural sentences and on the respective consequences for the architecture of the syntax-semantics interface. Furthermore, most of the contributions contain insights which bear upon the study of the structure of universal grammar. Audience: Plurality and Quantification will interest linguists, graduate students in semantics and syntax, philosophers of language and philosophical logicians interested in the semantics of natural language
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2706-8
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    Socio-Cultural Perspectives on Science Education : An International Dialogue (1998)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401152242
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 221 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Science & Technology Education Library 4
    Series Statement: Contemporary Trends and Issues in Science Education 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Humanities ; History ; Philosophy. ; Science—Study and teaching. ; Educational sociology.
    Abstract: Global science education is a reality at the end of the 20th century - albeit an uneven reality - because of tremendous technological and economic pressures. Unfortunately, this reality is rarely examined in the light of what interests the everyday lives of ordinary people rather than the lives of political and economic elites. The purpose of this book is to offer insightful and thought-provoking commentary on both realities. The tacit question throughout the book is `Whose interests are being served by current science education practices and policies?' The various chapters offer critical analysis from the perspectives of culture, economics, epistemology, equity, gender, language, and religion in an effort to promote a reflective science education that takes place within, rather than taking over, the important cultural lives of people. The target audience for the book includes graduate students in education, science education and education policy professors, policy and government officials involved with education
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-5224-2
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  • 37
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    Mind Out of Matter : Topics in the Physical Foundations of Consciousness and Cognition (1998)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401151047
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 291 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Cognitive Systems 20
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Information theory ; Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Artificial intelligence ; Computer science. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Mind Out of Matter aims to transform the way we think about consciousness and the physical world. Unlike many contemporary volumes, it develops a robust and philosophically satisfying account of the mind/body relationship without doing violence to fundamental physics. It expunges popular but ludicrous assumptions about the `in principle' capabilities of cognizers and, with the help of tools from mathematics and scientific fields, supplants flawed notions of representation, function, and mental state with objective and physically grounded alternatives. It debunks quantum theories of consciousness, constructs a simple zombie recipe, and evaluates recent research on chaotic analogue networks. This book is indispensable for readers in philosophy of mind, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence, and for mathematicians applying complexity theory or information theory to biological cognition. Audience: General academic/university libraries, plus university departmental libraries in philosophy, artificial intelligence, cognitive science, and computer science. Researchers and specialists in philosophy of mind, cognitive science, artificial intelligence, artificial life, complexity theory, and information theory. Researchers in the telecommunications industry
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-5104-7
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  • 38
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    The Skeptical Tradition Around 1800 : Skepticism in Philosophy, Science, and Society (1998)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401734653
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 468 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées 155
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 155
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Philosophy. ; Culture—Study and teaching. ; Political science—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This ground-breaking collection of essays puts an end to the common notion that Kant solved the problem of skepticism. Commemorating C.F. Stäudlin, the first historian of skepticism (1794), scholars of various disciplines in unique collaboration disclose the continuing importance of the sceptical tradition in Germany, France, and Britain. Their wide-ranging studies cover Hume, Kant, and the philosophical situation in Germany both before and after Kant, particularly the all-but-forgotten Stäudlin himself. But they also investigate the role of skepticism in the political thought of Burke and Tocqueville, in de the development of mathematical thought (Montucla) and in science (Alexander von Humboldt, Laplace, and others), and in the context of such social issues as smallpox inoculation, suicide, and capital punishment. The collection fills a major gap in the history of skepticism, emphasizing the significance of skepticism for modern life and philosophy. It is of special interest to philosophers, historians, and political scientists
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3465-3
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  • 39
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    Women and Revolution: Global Expressions (1998)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401590723
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXV, 434 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Comparative Literature ; History
    Abstract: Taking its starting point from women's contributions to the French revolution, this important anthology goes far beyond any particular historical, European or American context and expands its scope in space and time to an all-inclusive global theme, namely the contributions of radical women towards an ever-changing world and its revolutionary transformations everywhere. The superbly edited essays by diverse contributors from various continents and disciplines explore a wide platform of women's revolutionary involvements and elucidate the broad range of contributions by women scholars, scientists and activists to movements of social transformation, as well as to a reexamination of established methods of cultural analysis from enlightened liberalism to Marxism. The contributions of women scholars and activists from Africa, Asia and Latin America are particularly significant in that they transcend and expand European/North American feminism as relevant primarily to its own socio-cultural context and focus on women acting in terms of their own non-Western traditions and cultures, that is, on non-Western models based on indigenous strategies of social transformation. This rich anthology shuns any postulation of a single global model for revolution. Yet, despite the emergence of a `problematic relationship between Western or Western educated theorists and the causes of the oppressed', women's diverse social, cultural and historical experiences and strategies are united in this edition, as in their common causes, as emphasized by the following statement in the introduction: `the female body has become .. a privileged site for social analysis in the context of international capitalism as well as in the critique of traditional socialism.' Sabine Jell-Bahlsen, Ogbuide Films Women and Revolution covers an enormous socio-historical space, four continents - Europe, Africa, Asia and Latin America &endash; and quite a few countries within them. This huge field of human experience is looked at from the focal point which runs explicitly and implicitly through all nineteen chapters: the active if not revolutionary role women have played individually and collectively in various determining social situations, a role regularly suppressed by the coercive power of institutionalized domination. The impetus for this endeavor was the commemoration of the bicentennial of the French Revolution, an occasion to take an in-depth look at its less obvious agendas, through a focus on the a ...
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-9072-3
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  • 40
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    Judaism in the Theology of Sir Isaac Newton (1998)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401720144
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 244 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Coudert, Allison P. [Rezension von: Goldish, Matt, Judaism in the Theology of Sir Isaac Newton] 2001
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales D’histoire des Idées 157
    DDC: 900
    Keywords: Humanities ; Metaphysics ; History ; Religion (General)
    Abstract: This book deals with Sir Isaac Newton's Judaic studies and their impact on his theology. After examining what Jewish sources Newton read, the author explains how ideas Newton learned from Jewish history and literature found their way into his understanding of ancient religion, scriptural prophecy, the Temple of Jerusalem, the ancient church, and the corruption of Christianity. This investigation sheds new light on many aspects of newton's thought
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2014-4
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  • 41
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    Evolutionary Systems : Biological and Epistemological Perspectives on Selection and Self-Organization (1998)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401715102
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 438 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Humanities ; Evolution (Biology) ; Biology—Philosophy. ; System theory. ; Mathematical physics.
    Abstract: To understand how complex dynamic systems, living or non-living, linguistic or non-linguistic, come to be organized as systems, to understand how their inherent dynamic nature gives rise to organisations and forms that have found a balance between potentiality for change and evolution on the one hand, and requisite stability in a given environment on the other, is the main ambition of the study of evolutionary systems. The aim of the present volume is to elucidate the scientific and philosophical backgrounds that play a role in one of the major debates taking place in that field, namely that on the relation between selection and self-organization. The book represents a genuine interdisciplinary forum in which the major representatives of evolutionary systems take part. Audience: This volume will be interest to biologists, philosophers of science, systems scientists, mathematicians, physicists, sociologists of science. It is highly recommended to those interested in an interdisciplinary and complex approach to evolution, as well as to those interested in developing a genuinely historical viewpoint in the sciences
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1510-2
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  • 42
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    Talking Wolves : Thomas Hobbes on the Language of Politics and the Politics of Language (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401588874
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 223 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 262
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Political science Philosophy ; Pragmatism ; History ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Talking Wolves advances an analysis of Hobbes which takes language seriously (as seriously as Hobbes took it). It presents a reading of Hobbes's view of society at large, and political society in particular, through a comprehensive discussion based on, and intimately linked to, his philosophy of language. This philosophy, in turn, is seen in a new light as being a pragmatic theory of language in use, language in action
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8887-4
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  • 43
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    Denying Existence : The Logic, Epistemology and Pragmatics of Negative Existentials and Fictional Discourse (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401712231
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 260 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 261
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Aesthetics ; Logic ; Philosophy, modern ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: This book tries to explore, in language as non-technical as possible, the deepest philosophical problems regarding the logical status of empty (singular) terms such as `Pegasus', `Batman', `The impossible staircase departs in Escher's painting `Ascending-Descending'+ etc., and regarding sentences which deny the existence of singled-out fictional entities. It will be fascinating for literary theorists with a flair for logic, to students of metaphysics and philosophy of language, and for historians of philosophy interested in the fate of the Russell-Meinong debate. For teachers of these aspects of analytic philosophy this will provide a textbook which goes beyond the Western tradition (without plunging into any mystical Eastern `Emptiness', which is what some previous comparative philosophers did!)
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1223-1
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  • 44
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    Melancholy Duty : The Hume-Gibbon Attack on Christianity (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401722353
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 362 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Pailin, David A., 1936 - REVIEWS 1999
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales D’histoire des Idées 154
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 154
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This book studies the complementary features of the thought of David Hume and Edward Gibbon in the complete range of its confrontation with eighteenth-century Christianity. The ten chapters explore the iconoclasm of these two philosophical historians - Hume as the premier philosopher, Gibbon as the consummate historian - as they labored to `naturalize' the study of Christianity, particularly with attention to its social and political dimensions. No other work deals as comprehensively or thoroughly with the attempt of philosophical history's challenge to Christianity. Belief in miracles and the afterlife, the dimensions of fanaticism and superstition, and the nature of religious persecution were the themes that occupied Hume and Gibbon in the making of their critique of Christianity. This book makes a valuable contribution to scholarship in a number of fields including the history of ideas, religious studies, and philosophy. It will be of interest to philosophers of religion, historians of ideas, eighteenth-century intellectual historians, scholars of the Scottish Enlightenment, and Hume and Gibbon scholars
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2235-3
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  • 45
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    Experiencing Nature : Proceedings of a Conference in Honor of Allen G. Debus (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401158107
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 312 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 58
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 58
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Medicine ; Social sciences Methodology ; Chemistry ; History ; Sociology—Methodology. ; Medicine—History. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This volume, honoring the renowned historian of science, Allen G Debus, explores ideas of science - `experiences of nature' - from within a historiographical tradition that Debus has done much to define. As his work shows, the sciences do not develop exclusively as a result of a progressive and inexorable logic of discovery. A wide variety of extra-scientific factors, deriving from changing intellectual contexts and differing social millieus, play crucial roles in the overall development of scientific thought. These essays represent case studies in a broad range of scientific settings - from sixteenth-century astronomy and medicine, through nineteenth-century biology and mathematics, to the social sciences in the twentieth-century - that show the impact of both social settings and the cross-fertilization of ideas on the formation of science. Aimed at a general audience interested in the history of science, this book closes with Debus's personal perspective on the development of the field. Audience: This book will appeal especially to historians of science, of chemistry, and of medicine
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-5810-7
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  • 46
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    The Indexical ‘I’ : The First Person in Thought and Language (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401588713
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 179 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 265
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Ontology ; Philosophy of mind ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: The purpose of the book is twofold: to give a theory of reference for the indexical `I' and to explain what is involved in thinking about oneself. The first part constitutes a critique of different solutions to the problem of how `I' refers, while the second part advances a positive account of `I' and I-thoughts. It is argued that `I' refers indirectly through a de re sense that is based on non-conceptual content. `I' expresses an individual concept with two components: a de re sense and a context-independent self-concept. Other issues that are discussed concern self-knowledge, e.g. whether there is something in specific that we have to know about ourselves to be able to self-refer, and the kind of self-consciousness that is required for self-reference. Furthermore, the notions of unity of consciousness and personal identity, as they both are presupposed by a competent use of `I', are examined. Audience: The book is intended for philosophers of mind and language with a general interest in theories of reference and meaning, and more specifically in the first person, the self, and self-knowledge
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8871-3
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  • 47
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    Mental Symbols : A Defence of the Classical Theory of Mind (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401156325
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 267 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Cognitive Systems 19
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Psycholinguistics ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Mental Symbols is an essay on mind and meaning, on the biological implementation of mental symbols, on the architecture of mind, and on the correct construal of logical properties and relations of symbols, including implication and inference. The book argues against the main contemporary trends in the cognitive sciences, preferring rather the classical early-modern tradition. The author looks at some logical paradoxes in the light of that tradition, and offers a novel answer to the problem of the biological implementation of the mind in the brain
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-5632-5
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  • 48
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    Contemporary Action Theory Volume 1: Individual Action (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401704397
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 317 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 266
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Humanities ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy of mind ; Law—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Contemporary Action Theory, Volume I (Individual Action) is concerned with topics in philosophical action theory such as reasons and causes of action, intentions, freedom of will and of action, omissions and norms in legal and ethical contexts, as well as activity, passivity and competence from medical points of view. Cognitive trying, freedom of the will and agent causation are challenges in the discussion on computers in action. The Volume consists of contributions by leading experts in the field written specifically for this volume. No comparable volume currently exists
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0439-7
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  • 49
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    Yearbook of Morphology 1996 (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401737180
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 259 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Yearbook of Morphology
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Phonology ; Linguistics ; Comparative linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Phonology.
    Abstract: A revival of interest in morphology has occurred during recent years. Since 1988, the Yearbook of Morphology book series has proven to be an eminent platform for the growth of morphological research, containing articles on topics that are central in the current theoretical debates. The Yearbook of Morphology 1996 focuses on the relationship between morphology and psycholinguistics. Basic questions such as the following are discussed. To what extent does the morphological structure of a word play a role in its perception and production? Are regular complex words created anew each time they are used, or are they stored in the lexicon? The relevant evidence comes from a variety of European languages. Another important theme in this yearbook is the degree of autonomy of morphology: in which respect does it differ from other modules of the grammar? The present yearbook also contains articles on periphrasis, the nature of inflectional morphology and syncretism in derivational morphology. Audience: Theoretical and historical linguists, morphologists, phonologists and psycholinguists will find this book of interest
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3718-0
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  • 50
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    The Letters of Dominique Chaix, Botanist-Curé (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401154901
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 304 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales D’Histoire Des Idées International Archives of the History of Ideas 151
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 151
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Forests and forestry ; History ; Science—History. ; Plants—Evolution. ; Forestry.
    Abstract: This is the first publication of the 170 letters written by the Abbé Dominique Chaix to Dr. Dominique Villars between 1772 and 1799, when they were collaborating on the publication of the first flora for the old province of Dauphiné. The letters reveal the uncertainties of plant classification in the late 18th century, but, more generally, the penetration of the Enlightenment into a remote, alpine region of France. Both botanists were of recent peasant origin, invading, albeit deferentially, an intellectual field, traditionally the monopoly of their social betters. The letters also document the enthusiasms, anxieties, and perils of rural clerical life during the French Revolution, and give occasional evidence about the deforestation of the mountains
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-5490-1
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    Galileo and the ‘Invention’ of Opera : A Study in the Phenomenology of Consciousness (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401589314
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 282 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology 29
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 29
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Humanities ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Music ; Performing arts ; Arts. ; Philosophy, Ancient. ; Theater.
    Abstract: Intended for scholars in the fields of philosophy, history of science and music, this book examines the legacy of the historical coincidence of the emergence of science and opera in the early modern period. But instead of regarding them as finished products or examining their genesis, or `common ground', or `parallel' ideas, opera and science are explored by a phenomenology of the formulations of consciousness (Gurwitsch) as compossible tasks to be accomplished in common (Schutz) which share an ideal possibility or `essence' (Husserl). Although the ideas of Galileo and Monteverdi form the parameters of the domain of phenomenological clarification, the scope of discussion extends from Classical ideas of science and music down to the beginning of the nineteenth century, but always with reference to the experience of sharing the sociality of a common world from which they are drawn (Plessner) and to which those ideas have given shape, meaning and even substance. At the same time, this approach provides a non-historicist alternative to understanding the arts and science of the modern period by critically clarifying the idea of whether their compossibility can rest on any other formulation of consciousness
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8931-4
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    Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit: A Reappraisal (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401589178
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 178 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées 149
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 149
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Phenomenology ; History ; Political science. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: This book consists of a significant and valuable reappraisal of Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit by a number of outstanding, international Hegel scholars. Key questions and issues are discussed. No other book on the Phenomenology brings together penetrating articles by renowned Hegel scholars, and no previous book has included responses to articles by equally celebrated scholars. The result is that this book is unique in providing a wealth of insights into the Phenomenology of Spirit from a variety of perspectives. Among the crucial issues of interpretation which are tackled in this book are Hegel's concept of truth (the focus of Professor H.S. Harris's incisive opening article), the relationship between the Phenomenology and Hegel's system (discussed by Professor Rüdiger Bubner), the master-slave dialectic, the unhappy consciousness and conscience. Experienced Hegel scholars and students new to Hegel will benefit from the format of the book in which distinguished scholars comment upon the key and contentious aspects of the main articles. Crucial issues of interpretation are highlighted clearly
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8917-8
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    Lingua Universalis vs. Calculus Ratiocinator : An Ultimate Presupposition of Twentieth-Century Philosophy (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401586016
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 269 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Jaakko Hintikka Selected Papers 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Logic ; Philosophy, modern ; Semiotics. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Twentieth-century philosophy has tacitly been dominated by a deep contrast between universalist and model-theoretical visions of language. The role of this contrast is studied here in Peirce, Frege, Wittgenstein, Carnap, Quine, Husserl, Heidegger and in the development of logical theory. Hintikka also develops a new approach to truth-definitions which strongly supports the model-theoretical view
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8601-6
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    Scarcity’s Ways: The Origins of Capital : A Critical Essay on Thermodynamics, Statistical Mechanics and Economics (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401588614
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 230 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 176
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 176
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Chemistry, Physical organic ; Biology Philosophy ; Economics ; History ; Econometrics. ; Physical chemistry. ; Biology—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This is an exploratory critical essay on the Origins of Capital and the Foundations of Thermodynamics. In economics the existence of capital is taken for granted yet it is difficult to establish for it a robust definition. Capital theory addresses the coupling of the present with the future; as such it does not deal with its own history, evolution or its origins. The concern is the (discounted) future rather than the historical or even prehistorical past; at best, Hesiod's economy in his Works and Days marks the beginning of economic history. Yet, in its generic form, capital is but a physical or biological engine that processes materials and transforms energy in an environment of thermal non-equilibrium. The objective is to show the importance of capital in the comprehension of thermodynamics. I argue that the idea of scarcity as the fountain of history and its concomitant concept of value must be incorporated in the substance of thermodynamics and the meaning of measurement; this necessitates some excursions into the territory of economics with a review of capital theory, of evoluationary biology and the origins of life, and of the received ideas on thermodynamics. To discuss measurement - a long-standing quandary and the quintessential quantum problem - for lack of a better approach a formal hybrid pragmatist's outlook is retained in the form of virtual Cartesian dualism. Audience: This work will be of interest to historians and philosophers of science and economics, and engineering thermodynamicists
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8861-4
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    Fact Proposition Event (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401589598
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 420 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 66
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Artificial intelligence ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: `Peterson is an authority of a philosophical and linguistic industry that began in the 1960s with Vendler's work on nominalization. Natural languages distinguish syntactically and semantically between various sorts of what might be called `gerundive entities' - events, processes, states of affairs, propositions, facts, .. all referred to by sentence nominals of various kinds. Philosophers have worried for millennia over the ontology of such things or `things', but until twenty years ago they ignored all the useful linguistic evidence. Vendler not only began to straighten out the distinctions, but pursued more specific and more interesting questions such as that of what entities the causality relation relates (events? facts?). And that of the objects of knowledge and belief. But Vendler's work was only a start and Peterson has continued the task from then until now, both philosophically and linguistically. Fact Proposition Event constitutes the state of the art regarding gerundive entities, defended in meticulous detail. Peterson's ontology features just facts, proposition, and events, carefully distinguished from each other. Among his more specific achievements are: a nice treatment of the linguist's distinction between `factive' and nonfactive constructions; a detailed theory of the subjects and objects of causation, which impinges nicely on action theory; an interesting argument that fact, proposition, events are innate ideas in humans; a theory of complex events (with implications for law and philosophy of law); and an overall picture of syntax and semantics of causal sentences and action sentences. Though Peterson does not pursue them here, there are clear and significant implications for the philosophy of science, in particular for our understanding of scientific causation, causal explanation and law likeness.' Professor William Lycan, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8959-8
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    Law, Narrative and Reality : An Essay in Intercepting Politics (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401720519
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 238 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 30
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Law ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy of law ; Political science Philosophy ; Law—Philosophy. ; Law—History. ; Political science—Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This book is at odds with the presuppositions behind a received view on law as a systematic solution to social problems in the name of justice. It argues that neither do facts in law represent social reality, nor do norms represent a moral ideal. Representationalism as such, in its various legal guises, is put to the test of what is called here `the interception hypothesis'. Although it is derived from the theory of literature (the theory of narrative) and corroborated by several close reading analyses of legal texts (both decisions and statutory rules), this hypothesis aims, in the first part, at providing an alternative model for the structure and the value of legal knowledge. The second part shows how this knowledge is operative in fundamental concepts like democracy, punishment and (contractual) obligation
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2051-9
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    Structures and Norms in Science : Volume Two of the Tenth International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, Florence, August 1995 (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401705387
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 494 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 260
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Ethics ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This book gives a state-of-the-art survey of current research in logic and philosophy of science, as viewed by invited speakers selected by the most prestigious international organization in the field. In particular, it gives a coherent picture of foundational research into the various sciences, both natural and social. In addition, it has special interest items such as symposia on interfaces between logic and methodology, semantics and semiotics, as well as updates on the current state of the field in Eastern Europe and the Far East
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0538-7
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    Metaphors: Figures of the Mind (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401722544
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 187 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Rhetorics 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The basic theme of Metaphors: Figures of the Mind is contained in the formula that metaphoric language reflects the functioning of our thought processes. Thus, the author of this book uses language analysis as a medium through which we can perceive and analyze the way our mind functions. Results of the investigation point to the conclusion that the mind does not operate according to the representations of a logical-positivistically oriented theorist; the forms of language usage and mental mechanisms involved manifest ubiquitous nonliteralness. However, an overall metaphorical detour from the literal one-to-one correspondence is not for the sake of figurative fancy but is primarily for the purpose of achieving new significations. In such a context, that which is habitually considered to be ambiguous, vague and indeterminate, becomes a productive source of semantic creation which can often specify meaning in a more adequate way than literalness does. Metaphor emerges as a cognitive tool. It appears as an efficacious means of description and explanation, of heuristics and learning, and, as a final instance, an instrument of `worldmaking'. Bearing in mind the profound significance of the `metaphorical turn', one can extend a conventional string of definitions with an additional characterization of a human being as a `metaphorical animal'
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2254-4
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    Person in the World : Introduction to the Philosophy of Edith Stein (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401725668
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 204 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 27
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Education Philosophy ; Humanities ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy. ; Education—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The guideline that runs through all [Stein's] work is the inquiry into the question of the nature of the human person. Beginning with her dissertation on empathy and following through to the works of her maturity, the reader becomes aware of the thrust toward revealing the person as person, in its universality, transcending time and place and cultural milieu. Stein holds that phenomenology supplies the most effective means towards arriving at knowledge of what it means to be a person, and that phenomenological analysis can reveal the essential constitution of human-being-in-the-world.. My purpose in this book is to remove the wrapping and lid from the gift that Edith Stein has given us and to say: `Look! See what is inside.' In a first attempt in English to do this in a comprehensive way.. I have indicated the need for ongoing study and critique
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2566-8
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    The Significance of Beauty : Kant on Feeling and the System of the Mind (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401589673
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 243 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 44
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Aesthetics ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: In the Critique of Judgment, Kant argues that feeling is part of the system of the mind. Judgments of taste based on feeling are a unique kind of judgment, and the feeling that is their foundation forms an independent third power of the mind. Feeling has a special role within this system in that it also provides a transition between the other two powers of the mind, cognition and desire. Matthews argues that feeling, our experience of beauty, provides a transition because it orients humans in a sensible world. Judgments of taste help overcome the difficulties that arise when rational cognitive and moral ends must be pursued in a sensible world. Matthews demonstrates how feeling, disassociated from rational activities in Kant's earlier works, is now central in reaching rational ends and understanding humans as unified rational beings. Audience: This book would be of interest to research libraries and university libraries, philosophers, historians and aestheticians
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8967-3
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    Realism and Explanatory Priority (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401728447
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 334 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 71
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: One of the central areas of concern in late twentieth-century philosophy is the debate between Realism and anti-Realism. But the precise nature of the issues that form the focus of the debate remains controversial. In Realism and Explanatory Priority a new way of viewing the debate is developed. The primary focus is not on the notions of existence, truth or reference, but rather on independence. A notion of independence is developed using concepts derived from the theory of explanation. It is argued that this approach enables us to clarify the exact nature of the empirical evidence that would be required to establish Realism in any area. The author defends a restricted form of Realism, which he calls Nomic Structuralism. The book will be suitable for professional philosophers of language, science and metaphysics, and their graduate students
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2844-7
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    Perspectives on Time (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401588751
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 472 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 189
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 189
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Perspectives on Time deals with the problem of time from different perspectives such as logic, physics and philosophy. It contains 18 previously unpublished papers, written by philosophers from various European countries, as well as a large introduction about the history and the main situation in the respective fields today. The prominent issues which are addressed in this book concern the direction of time, the reality of tenses, the objectivity of becoming, the existence in time, and the logical structures of reasoning about time. The papers have been written based on different approaches, partly depending on whether the authors subscribe to an A-theory or a B-theory of time. Audience: Due to the broad variety of approaches the book contains important contributions both for philosophers, philosophers of science, logicians and for scientists working in the field of language and AI
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8875-1
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    Science and Technology in a Developing World (1997)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401729482
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 411 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences 19
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 19
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Education.
    Abstract: This book explores two complementary aspects of post-colonial science/technology practice. The cognitive and technical trajectories experienced by many third world nations since decolonization are assessed in terms of a changing dynamic between north and south where the south is increasingly a decisive actor. The thrust and substance of this dynamic has changed continually over the last half century, and with the passage of time the south has become increasingly dominant, albeit in often highly subtle ways. On a second level, it is argued that south/north interactions can only be fully understood in the light of an epistemological perspective. The science-related representations, policies, and practices of the north regarding the south become transparent when seen in terms of northern epistemological traditions and progress. Concurrently, the authors of this book submit that, by grasping the epistemologies held or fostered in the south toward science and technology (as well as toward alternative forms of practice and learning), the actions of southern actors and their dealings with the north acquire important incremental intelligibility
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2948-2
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    Intensionality and Truth : An Essay on the Philosophy of A.N. Prior (1996)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400902930
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 433 p) , digital
    Edition: 1
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 255
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, modern ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Prior's view on intensionality and truth is based on the principle that sentences never name, that what sentences say cannot be otherwise signified, that a sentence says what it says whatever the type of its occurrence, and that sentential quantification is neither eliminable, substitutional, nor referential. The text defends each of these principles
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-0293-0
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  • 65
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    Tense, Attitudes, and Scope (1996)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401586092
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 281 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 58
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Linguistics ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: Tense, Attitudes, and Scope is a model-theoretic inquiry into the semantics of tense in natural language. The book presents the view that the semantic contribution of tense is made in relation to structurally higher expressions (the `relative tense theory') and argues against the view that tenses are all indexicals. This idea is formally encoded as a de se analysis of attitudes, originally proposed by Lewis, coupled with a sequence-of-tense rule posited for English. An auxiliary proposal is made to account for some exceptional cases (e.g. so-called double-access sentences), which invokes de re attitudes about temporal entities (states or intervals). Since the proposed account assumes that the interpretation of tense is structure-dependent, it also correctly predicts scope interactions between tenses and NPs. Tense, Attitudes, and Scope is intended for scholars and graduate students in formal semantics, syntax-semantics interface, philosophy of language and Japanese linguistics
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8609-2
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    Chinese Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology (1996)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401587174
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 483 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 179
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 179
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The articles in this collection were all selected from the first five volumes of the Journal of Dialectics of Nature published by the Chinese Academy of Sciences between 1979 and 1985. The Journal was established in 1979 as a comprehensive theoretical publication concerning the history, philosophy and sociology of the natural sciences. It began publication as a response to China's reform, particularly the policy of opening to the outside world. Chinese scholars began to undertake distinctive, original research in these fields. This collection provides a cross-section of their efforts during the initial phase. To enable western scholars to understand the historical process of this change in Chinese academics, Yu Guangyuan's `On the Emancipation of the Mind' and Xu Liangying's `Essay on the Role of Science and Democracy in Society' have been included in this collection. Three of the papers included on the philosophy of science are discussions of philosophical issues in cosmology and biology by scientists themselves. The remaining four are written by philosophers of science and discuss information and cognition, homeostasis and Chinese traditional medicine, the I Ching (Yi Jing) and mathematics, etc. Papers have been selected on the history of both classical and modern science and technology, the most distinctive of which are macro-comparisons of the development of science in China and the west. Some papers discuss the issue of the demarcation of periods in the history of science, the history of ancient Chinese mathematics, astronomy, metallurgy, machinery, medicine, etc. Others discuss the history of modern physics and biology, the history of historiography of science in China and the history of regional development of Chinese science and technology. Also included are biographies of three post-eighteenth-century Chinese scholars, Li Shanlan (1811-1882), Hua Hengfang (1833&endash;1902), and Cai Yuanpei (1868&endash;1940), who contributed greatly to the introduction of western science and scholarship to China. In addition, three short papers have been included introducing the interactions between Chinese scholars and three great western scientists, Niels Bohr, Norbert Wiener, and Robert A. Millikan
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8717-4
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    Pluralities (1996)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401727044
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (228 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 61
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Linguistics ; Semiotics. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Pluralities begins with a concise introduction to recent theories of the semantics of plurals. The author argues, contrary to many of those theories, that plural discourse involves entities corresponding to sets of individuals but nothing corresponding to higher order sets. In the course of the book, the reader will become acquainted with the linguistics data that lies at the heart of this debate including extensive discussion of reciprocals and of collectives (such as the committee). In addition, a unique account of distributivity is proposed in which collective/distributive ambiguities are analyzed in pragmatic terms. The account capitalizes on the idea that the universe may be partitioned differently at different points in a discourse. Pluralities should be accessible to those with an introductory level background in model-theoretic semantics
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2704-4
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    Choosing the Better Part : Anna Maria van Schurman (1607-1678) (1996)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400901391
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales D’Histoire Des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 146
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 146
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Germanic languages ; History ; Religion.
    Abstract: Anna Maria van Schurman was in more than one aspect an unconventional woman in her own lifetime. As a gifted scholar in many foreign and ancient languages, as well as in philosophy and theology, she corresponded with other learned men and women all over Europe. She achieved international renown for her own defence of scholarly activity of women. Life and work of this Dutch femme savante of the 17th Century has thus far been studied by theologians, philosophers, literary scholars, historians, pedagogues and art historians, each concentrating on specific aspects of Van Schurman's biography or work. A rather fragmented image of this scholar was the result. This interdependent collection of essays describes the life and work of Anna Maria van Schurman from an interdisciplinary - or rather multidisciplinary - approach and will outline a more integrated yet at the same time subtly differentiated picture. Nine contributions - from the disciplines of philosophy, theology, Dutch language and literature, intellectual and art history, and women's studies - partly based on new source material, shed light on Van Schurman's ideas on erudition and femininity, ethics and philosophy, as well as on her religious beliefs, within the context of the early modern intellectual community to which she belonged. Audience: This collection of essays will therefore command the interest not only of historians, but also of scholars and students in theology, philosophy, art history, and women's studies
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-0139-1
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    Current Issues in Comparative Grammar (1996)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400901353
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 384 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 35
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Humanities ; Linguistics ; Artificial intelligence ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax.
    Abstract: Current Issues in Comparative Grammar illustrates the diversity and productivity of research within the principles and parameters framework of generative grammar. In combination, the papers in this volume address a rich and varied set of issues in the study of comparative grammar, including the theories of binding, case and government, the parametric effects of inflection, the syntactic properties of infinitival constructions, the analysis of expletives and of clitics, and the interpretation of anaphoric properties at the level of Logical Form. The collection employs several different research strategies, ranging from a broad survey of related constructions in a wide range of languages to the close analysis of an unusual construction in a single language and its consequences for the theory of Universal Grammar. Some of the papers collected here are commentaries on others, or responses to commentaries
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-0135-3
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    Christian Theology and Medical Ethics : Four Contemporary Approaches (1996)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401586542
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 208 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Banner, Michael, 1961 - REVIEWS 1998
    Series Statement: Theology and Medicine 7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Ethics ; Religion.
    Abstract: Contemporary discourse in biomedical ethics has been greatly shaped, sustained and enriched through the insights and perspectives offered by its theologian-contributors. This volume examines the work of four Christian theologians who have significantly influenced the field of bioethics in the U.S.: Richard McCormick, SJ; Paul Ramsey; Stanley Hauerwas; and James M. Gustafson. Each theorist's writings are explored in turn, in order to elucidate, compare and contrast their foundational theological premises, their particular approaches to moral reasoning, and their considered responses to selected medico-moral issues. The final chapter reflects some of the author's own critical responses in dialogue with the study's four subjects, and offers general suggestions about the moral perspective afforded by Christian theology. This volume should be of interest both to those seeking a fuller understanding of contemporary discussions in bioethics and to those studying Christian ethics in the modern era
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8654-2
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    Heterodoxy, Spinozism, and Free Thought in Early-Eighteenth-Century Europe : Studies on the Traité des Trois Imposteurs (1996)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401587358
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 532 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées 148
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 148
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Romance languages ; History ; Philosophy—History. ; Religion.
    Abstract: The Traité des Trois Imposteurs, ou l'Esprit de M. Spinosa is a most notorious clandestine work that was circulating throughout Europe in the 18th Century. The work is a pastiche of passages from Hobbes, Naudé, La Mothe Le Vayer, Spinoza and others, contending that Moses, Jesus and Mohammed were imposters who set up their religions for political reasons. In 1990 a research seminar on the origins, nature, meaning and dispersion of the text was held under the direction of Richard H. Popkin, with the assistance of Silvia Berti and Françoise Charles-Daubert, sponsored by the Foundation for Research in Intellectual History. Advanced students and young professors carried out research projects. Lectures were given by the staff plus visiting scholars including Miguel Benitez and Bertram Schwarzbach. This volume contains the results of the seminar, including papers by the teachers and students. It breaks much new ground about the Traité, including new data about its possible origins and development, the dispersion of manuscripts of it, and its role in anti-religious Enlightenment thought
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8735-8
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    Realism and Anti-Realism in the Philosophy of Science : Beijing International Conference, 1992 (1996)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401586382
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 495 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 169
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 169
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Metaphysics ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: In these papers derived from an international conference held in 1992 in Beijing, Chinese and Western philosophers treat current as well as historically situated issues of realism and anti-realism in the understanding of scientific knowledge. There are four sections: (1) philosophical arguments proper (Hilpinen, Krejci, Musgrave, Niiniluoto, Qiu Renzong, Sfendoni-Mentzou, Bahm, Wallner and Peschl); (2) realism and general methodology (James Brown, Franklin, Gavroglu, Kaiser, Chin-Tai Kim, Wartofsky, Watkins, Wright, Wu Qiongbing, Yin Zhengkun); (3) physical sciences (Fan Dainian, Folse, He Zuoxiu, Hong Dingguo, Jin Wulun, Johansson, Li Li, Luo and Hu, Mao Shiying, Schagrin, Schlagel, Zhou Jihong); (4) social and biological sciences (Mäki, Shanahan, Paul Tang and Ralph Brown III, Cohen). The conference was inspired by the late Professor Tscha Hung of Beijing, for many years Director of the Institute of Foreign Philosophy at Beijing University, and a distinguished PhD from the University of Vienna in 1934 under Moritz Schlick
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8638-2
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    Feminism, Science, and the Philosophy of Science (1996)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400917422
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (332p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 256
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Anthropology ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Feminism, Science, and the Philosophy of Science brings together original essays by both feminist and mainstream philosophers of science that examine issues at the intersections of feminism, science, and the philosophy of science. Contributors explore parallels and tensions between feminist approaches to science and other approaches in the philosophy of science and more general science studies. In so doing, they explore notions at the heart of the philosophy of science, including the nature of objectivity, truth, evidence, cognitive agency, scientific method, and the relationship between science and values
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-1742-2
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    Mexican Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science (1996)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400901094
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (292p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 172
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 172
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Logic ; History ; Mathematics. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The editors have selected a number of papers that represent recent studies by Mexican philosophers and historians of science. While attention is paid to several main developments of science in Mexico, the book does not deal only with national or even regional issues. Moreover, Mexican works on the philosophy of science are no new phenomenon. Although originating in the need to construct a national identity during the 19th century, and stimulated by the European Enlightenment, Mexican scholarship has now reached maturity, both in terms of an awareness of their historical situation and creative competence with respect to the live issues at the international level. This book presents topics of biology and physics, historical explanation and the historiography of science, and foundations of mathematics, with particular concern for Hilbert, Russell and Wittgenstein
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-0109-4
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    Art Line Thought (1996)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400915947
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 498 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 21
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Aesthetics ; Phenomenology ; Arts ; History, Ancient.
    Abstract: Art Line Thought discusses the main issues that beset our time and philosophy by locating these same issues in artworks and describing closely what is shown there. While respecting their differences, art and philosophy are thus made to cross back and forth into one another, delineating in fresh ways our concerns about nature, the human and non-human, the body, femininity, ecology, technology, textism, the end of history, community, postmodernism, relativism and non-Eurocentric ethics. A `philosophy of line' gathers these issues, opposing the current dominance of `word' and linguistic analyses. Art has long been aware that the line communicates meaning at least as well as the word. The volume is divided between contemporary and prehistoric art in order to reveal the presumptions of `Western' culture and how we might move beyond it. Since the book is a critique of Eurocentric thinking and prose, it works at finding new styles of both. Its philosophical meditation is directed equally to those who are intellectually interested in contemporary and prehistoric art, in theories of postmodern culture and criticism, and in anthropology
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-1594-7
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    Alexius Meinong’s Elements of Ethics : with Translation of the Fragment Ethische Bausteine (1996)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400901414
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 192 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Ethics ; Ontology
    Abstract: Elements of Ethics examines Meinong's value theory from an epistemological standpoint and gives a critical exposition of Meinong's first attempts at a deontic logic; special consideration is given to the Law of Omission. For that purpose his theory of the a priori is examined, which is entwined with his theory of objects. The book begins with an epistemological and ontological consideration and simplification of Meinong's universe. In consequence of the mathematical development of his time, especially non-Euclidean geometries, Meinong developed the notion of precision objects and precision concepts. They are discussed along with the so-called `incomplete objects' and problems associated with them. These discussions are relevant for understanding various technical terms, particularly concepts of values and valuations. These discussions also assist in assessing the possibility of knowing these concepts a priori, and in understanding the logical relationships between them and actual valuations. We find in Meinong's ethical writings a mixture of experiential and a priori knowledge. A translation is included of the fragment Ethische Bausteine (Elements of Ethics), together with Meinong's own notes and those of the editors of the text. Vocabulary and Index are attached
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-0141-4
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    Philosophical Logic and Logical Philosophy : Essays in Honour of Vladimir A. Smirnov (1996)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401586788
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 278 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 257
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This volume contains original contributions dedicated to Vladimir A. Smirnov by some of the leading scholars in Russia, the United States, Japan, Finland, Brazil, the Netherlands, Poland, and Hungary. Most of the papers deal with topics in which Smirnov has taken a direct interest. These include the problems of non-classical logics, logical semantics, analysis of logical proofs, and applications of logical methods to the methodology of science. The volume contains a selected bibliography of Smirnov's works. It is of interest to all students of philosophical and mathematical logic, epistemology, and the philosophy of science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8678-8
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    Scientific Credibility and Technical Standards in 19th and early 20th century Germany and Britain (1996)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400917842
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Economics ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Business. ; Management science. ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The articles in this first volume of ARCHIMEDES explicitly and intentionally cross boundaries between science and technology, and they also illuminate one another. The first three contributions concern optics and industry in 19th century Germany; the fourth concerns electric standards in Germany during the same period; the last essay in the volume examines a curious development in the early history of wireless signalling that took place in England, and that has much to say about the establishment and enforcement of standard methods in a rapidly-developing technology that emerged out of a scientific effect. Historical work over the last few decades has shown that technology cannot be characterized simply, or even usually, as applied science. The beliefs, the devices, and the natural objects that are created or discovered by scientists, often play altogether minor roles in the construction of technologies. Taking this realization as a given, the essays in Scientific Credibility and Technical Standards effectively argue that we must now seek to go beyond it; we must also begin to think carefully about the role that science actually did play when it was explicitly deployed by technologists
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-1784-2
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    Abstraction and Representation : Essays on the Cultural Evolution of Thinking (1996)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401586245
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 418 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 175
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 175
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Genetic epistemology ; Mathematics ; History ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Mathematics—Study and teaching .
    Abstract: The book deals with the development of thinking under different cultural conditions, focusing on the evolution of mathematical thinking in the history of science and education. History of science is concerned with the acquisition, accumulation and structuring of knowledge. It is therefore intimately linked to psychological and epistemological questions. This dimension of the history of science, however, has been widely neglected by historians of science. The book compensates for this neglect by combining the study of cognition, education and historical development of thinking. Starting from Piaget's genetic epistemology, it provides a conceptual framework for describing and explaining the development of cognition by reflective abstractions from systems of actions. Cognitive psychology is confronted with philosophical and pedagogical traditions, and applied to various topics in the history of thinking, in particular to the development of the number concept in children and in early history (pre-literate cultures and early civilizations)
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8624-5
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    Yearbook of Morphology 1995 (1996)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401737166
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 189 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Yearbook of Morphology
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Phonology ; Linguistics ; Comparative linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Phonology.
    Abstract: A revival of interest in morphology has occurred during recent years. The aim of the Yearbook of Morphology series is to support and enforce this upswing of morphological research and to give an overview of the current issues and debates at the heart of this revival. The Yearbook of Morphology 1995 focuses on an important issue in the current morphological debate: the relation between inflection and word formation. What are the criteria for their demarcation, in which ways do they interact and how is this distinction acquired by children? The papers presented here concur in rejecting the `split morphology hypothesis' that claims that inflection and word formation belong to different components of the grammar. This volume also deals with the marked phenomenon of subtractive morphology and its theoretical implications. Theoretical and historical linguists, morphologists, phonologists and psycholinguists interested in linguistic issues will find this book of interest
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3716-6
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    Everyday Conceptions of Emotion : An Introduction to the Psychology, Anthropology and Linguistics of Emotion (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401584845
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 584 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Behavioral Science
    Series Statement: NATO ASI Series, Series D: Behavioural and Social Sciences 81
    Series Statement: Nato Science Series D:, Behavioural and Social Sciences 81
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Humanities ; Anthropological linguistics ; Anthropology
    Abstract: In Everyday Conceptions of Emotion, prominent anthropologists, linguists and psychologists come together for the first time to discuss how emotions are conceptualised by people of different cultures and ages, speaking different languages. Anger, fear, jealousy and emotion itself are concepts that are bound up with the English language, embedded in a way of thinking, acting and speaking. At the same time, the metaphors underlying such concepts are often similar across languages, and children of different cultures follow common developmental pathways. The book thus discusses the interplay of social and cultural factors that humans share in their development of an understanding of the affective side of their lives. For researchers interested in emotion, development of concepts and language, cultural and linguistic influences on psychological processes
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8484-5
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    Agora, Academy, and the Conduct of Philosophy (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401101516
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 267 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 63
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Humanities ; History ; History, Ancient. ; Philosophy, Ancient.
    Abstract: Agora, Academy, and the Conduct of Philosophy offers extremely careful and detailed criticisms of some of the most important assumptions scholars have brought to bear in beginning the process of (Platonic) interpretation. It goes on to offer a new way to group the dialogues, based on important facts in the lives and philosophical practices of Socrates - the main speaker in most of Plato's dialogues - and of Plato himself. Both sides of Debra Nails's arguments deserve close attention: the negative side, which exposes a great deal of diversity in a field that often claims to have achieved a consensus; and the positive side, which insists that we must attend to what we know of these philosophers' lives and practices, if we are to make a serious attempt to understand why Plato wrote the way he did, and why his writings seem to depict different philosophies and even different approaches to philosophizing. From the Preface by Nicholas D. Smith
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-0151-6
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  • 83
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    No Truth Except in the Details : Essays in Honor of Martin J. Klein (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401102179
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXV, 382 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 167
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 167
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Medicine ; Humanities ; History ; Medicine—History. ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Beginning with a couple of essays dealing with the experimental and mathematical foundations of physics in the work of Henry Cavendish and Joseph Fourier, the volume goes on to consider the broad areas of investigation that constituted the central foci of the development of the physics discipline in the nineteenth century: electricity and magnetism, including especially the work of Michael Faraday, William Thomson, and James Clerk Maxwell; and thermodynamics and matter theory, including the theoretical work and legacy of Josiah Willard Gibbs, some experimental work relating to thermodynamics and kinetic theory of Heinrich Hertz, and the work of Felix Seyler-Hoppe on hemoglobin in the neighboring field of biophysics/biochemistry. Moving on to the beginning of the twentieth century, a set of three articles on Albert Einstein deal with his early career and various influences on his work. Finally, a set of historiographical issues important for the history of physics are discussed, and the chronological conclusion of the volume is an article on the Solvay Conference of 1933. For physicists interested in the history of their discipline, historians and philosophers of science, and graduate students in these and related disciplines
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-0217-9
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  • 84
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    Knowing and the Mystique of Logic and Rules : True Statements in Knowing and Action * Computer Modelling of Human Knowing Activity * Coherent Description as the Core of Scholarship and Science (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401585491
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (380 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Cognitive Systems 18
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Systems theory ; Phenomenology ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; System theory. ; Control theory. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Human knowing is examined as it emerges from classical empirical psychology, with its ramifications into language, computing, science, and scholarship. While the discussion takes empirical support from a wide range, claims for the significance of logic and rules are challenged throughout. Highlights of the discussion: knowing is a matter of habits or dispositions that guide the person's stream of consciousness; rules of language have no significance in language production and understanding, being descriptions of linguistic styles; statements that may be true or false enter into ordinary linguistic activity, not as elements of messages, but merely as summaries of situations, with a view to action; in computer programming the significance of logic, proof, and formalized description, is incidental and subject to the programmer's personality; analysis of computer modelling of the mental activity shows that in describing human knowing the computer is irrelevant; in accounting for the scholarly/scientific activity, logic and rules are impotent; a novel theory: scholarship and science have coherent descriptions as their core. The discussion addresses questions that are basic to advanced applications of computers and to students of language and science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8549-1
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  • 85
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    Ludwig Boltzmann His Later Life and Philosophy, 1900-1906 : Book One: A Documentary History (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401704892
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 272 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 168
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—History. ; Physics. ; Astronomy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Physics—Philosophy. ; System theory.
    Abstract: This book gives the first detailed record of Ludwig Boltzmann's life and philosophical thoughts during his final years, a period of major change in physics, needing a new methodology of theoretical, idealized science. The growing primacy of physical theory over observation and experimentation meant that Boltzmann needed a methodology which went beyond Ernst Mach's phenomenalism and theory of economy. The documentary approach of this book means that historians, philosophers, and physicists can use it as a source and foundation for better understanding the development of quantum and relativity theory, the new advances in methodology, and as an aid in improving or creating their own contributions to methodology and philosophy of science. Seeds of future linguistic philosophy are also present
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0489-2
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  • 86
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    Frege: Sense and Reference One Hundred Years Later (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401104111
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 212 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 65
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Logic ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy—History. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: Gottlob Frege's Über Sinn und Bedeutung (`On Sense and Reference'), has come to be seen, in the century since its publication in 1892, as one of the seminal texts of analytic philosophy. It, along with the rest of Frege's writings on logic and mathematics, came to mark out a whole new domain of inquiry. This volume bears witness to the continuing importance and influence of that agenda. It contains original papers written by leading Frege scholars for the conference held in 1992 in Karlovy Vary to celebrate the publication of Frege's essay. The fourteen essays show how the questions Frege discusses in that essay connect intimately with issues much debated in current philosophy of language and philosophy of mind
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-0411-1
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  • 87
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    Judgment and Sachverhalt : An Introduction to Adolf Reinach’s Phenomenological Realism (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401584708
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 168 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Collection Fondée par H.L. van Breda et Publiée Sous le Patronage des Centres d’Archives-Husserl 132
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 132
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Logic ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Adolf Reinach was one of the leading figures of the Munich and Göttingen circles of phenomenology, and Husserl's first real co-worker. Although his writings are highly original and remarkably clear, Reinach's tragic death in the First World War prevented him from formulating a definitive statement of his phenomenology, leaving his name virtually unknown to all but a small circle. In his ground-breaking study, Judgment and Sachverhalt, DuBois shows how Reinach succeeds in developing a realist ontology and epistemology based on rigorous argumentation and phenomenological elucidation. Drawing from numerous texts and the developments of Reinach's students and colleagues - Roman Ingarden, Alexander Pfänder and Dietrich von Hildebrand above all - DuBois presents, refines and defends Reinach's `phenomenological realism'. Confrontations of Reinach's theories of states of affairs, concepts and speech acts with the work of contemporary authors like Chisholm and Searle allow readers to evaluate Reinach's philosophy, not only in the light of the later developments of Husserl, but also in the light of certain Anglo-American developments
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8470-8
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  • 88
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    Plurality, Conjunction and Events (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401585811
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 307 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 55
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    Keywords: Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Linguistics ; Logic ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: Plurality, Conjunction and Events presents a novel theory of plural and conjoined phrases, in an event-based semantic framework. It begins by reviewing options for treating the alternation between `collective' and `distributive' readings of sentences containing plural or conjoined noun phrases, including analyses from both the modern and the premodern literature. It is argued that plural and conjoined noun phrases are unambiguously group-denoting, and that the collective/distributive distinction therefore must be located in the predicates with which these noun phrases combine. More specifically, predicates must have a hidden argument place for events; the collective/distributive distinction may then be represented in the part/whole structure of these events. This allows a natural treatment of `collectivizing' adverbial expressions, and of `pluractional' affixes; it also allows a unified semantics for conjunction, in which conjoined sentences and predicates denote groups of events, much like conjoined noun phrases denote groups of individuals
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8581-1
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  • 89
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    Doing Worlds with Words : Formal Semantics without Formal Metaphysics (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401584685
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 240 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 253
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Semantics ; Logic ; Semiotics. ; Mathematical logic. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Doing Worlds with Words throws light on the problem of meaning as the meeting point of linguistics, logic and philosophy, and critically assesses the possibilities and limitations of elucidating the nature of meaning by means of formal logic, model theory and model-theoretical semantics. The main thrust of the book is to show that it is misguided to understand model theory metaphysically and so to try to base formal semantics on something like formal metaphysics; rather, the book states that model theory and similar tools of the analysis of language should be understood as capturing the semantically relevant, especially inferential, structure of language. From this vantage point, the reader gains a new light on many of the traditional concepts and problems of logic and philosophy of language, such as meaning, reference, truth and the nature of formal logic
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8468-5
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  • 90
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    Logic and Lexicon : The Semantics of the Indefinite (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401584456
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 381 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 56
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Linguistics ; Logic ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Semiotics.
    Abstract: Semantic underspecification is an essential and pervasive property of natural language. This monograph provides a comprehensive survey of the various phenomena in the field of ambiguity and vagueness. The book discusses the major theories of semantic indefiniteness, which have been proposed in linguistics, philosophy and computer science. It argues for a view of indefiniteness as the potential for further contextual specification, and proposes a unified logical treatment of indefiniteness on this basis. The inherent inconsistency of natural language induced by irreducible imprecision is investigated, and treated in terms of a dynamic extension of the proposed logic. The book is an extended edition of a German monograph and is addressed to advanced students and researchers in theoretical and computational linguistics, logic, philosophy of language, and NL- oriented AI. Although it makes extensive use of logical formalisms, it requires only some basic familiarity with standard predicate logic concepts since all technical terms are carefully explained
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8445-6
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  • 91
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    Satisfying Reason : Studies in the Theory of Knowledge (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401104838
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 246 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Episteme, A Series in the Foundational, Methodological, Philosophical, Psychological, Sociological, and Political Aspects of the Sciences, Pure and Applied 21
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Science—Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Leibniz said with a mixture of admiration and inspiration that the Duchess Sophie of Hannover always wanted to know the reason why behind the reason why. And that is just how rationality works: it wants to leave no loose ends to understanding, seeking to enable us to understand things through to the bitter end. In the twelve chapters that make up Satisfying Reason, Rescher develops and defends the following perspective: That rationality is a cardinal virtue in cognitive matters. That this is not something simple and cut-and-dried: in the pursuit of truth through the development of knowledge we face obstacles -- sometimes even insuperable ones. All that we can do is the best we can, realizing that even our very best may still be imperfect. Nevertheless, the venture is far from hopeless. While absolutes are unattainable in the cognitive venture, some solutions are situationally optimal, being comparatively the best that can be managed under the circumstances. That reason itself enables us to come to terms with this state of affairs, urging us to accept the best we can do as good enough. Satisfying Reason is an explanation of the presuppositions and methods of rational enquiry, an original exercise in metaknowledge, developing a systematic body of knowledge about the scope and limits of knowledge itself
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-0483-8
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  • 92
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    The Problem of Rationality in Science and its Philosophy : On Popper vs. Polanyi The Polish Conferences 1988-89 (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401104616
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 276 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 160
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 160
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Biology—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The book is an outcome of two conferences held in Poland in 1987 and 1990. Both conferences dealt with the problem of rationality; the first put the problem in the context of the philosophy of Popper and Polanyi; and the second involved the notion of the aim of science. This book presents the most comprehensive current account of the manifold approaches to the problem of rationality and related issues. Generally speaking, some authors are convinced that the standard approach to the problem of rationality is more or less correct. They try to amend this approach and/or to reply to some objections to it. Others adopt a more radical attitude and seek inspiration in more exotic regions of philosophy of science, in particular in the philosophy of Michael Polanyi. In this case not only the problem of rationality of science is addressed but also the problem of rationality of the philosophy of science itself. What makes the book really fascinating is the common attitude of all authors in addressing fundamental issues pertaining to the problem of rationality. This results from the fact that both conferences were organized for a small number of participants and there was time for discussion within a friendly but demanding social environment. The book is primarily intended for researchers in the philosophy of science. It is also valuable to other philosophers interested in current trends in philosophy of science, to scientists of various disciplines interested in philosophy, to scientists and to graduate students in the philosophy of science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-0461-6
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  • 93
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    Studies in Comparative Germanic Syntax (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401584166
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 346 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 31
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Linguistics ; Comparative linguistics ; Germanic languages ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax.
    Abstract: This volume contains thirteen comparative studies on various aspects of Germanic syntax, as well as a general introduction to the field by the editors. In recent years, numerous important innovations in generative grammar have originated within the field of Germanic syntax. The various contributions to this volume demonstrate clearly how much the field has grown both in quantity and quality within the last decade. The topics investigated include the phrase structure of clauses and nominal phrases, morphological and abstract case, binding, and different types of movement (verb movement, scrambling, object shift, extraposition, and topicalization). The studies often cut across the division between Germanic SVO languages and Germanic SOV languages, thus opening new perspectives on the field. Furthermore, non-Germanic languages like Bengali and Italian are also included in the discussion. Contributors: Josef Bayer; Giuliana Giusti; Hubert Haider; Jarich Hoekstra; Teun Hoekstra; Helen de Hoop; Richard Kayne; Wim Kosmeijer; Joan Maling; Gereon Müller; Ad Neeleman, Susan Olsen, Zvi Penner; Tanya Reinhart; Eric Reuland; Ian Roberts; Manuela Schönenberger; Rex Sprouse; Tarald Taraldsen; Sten Vikner
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8416-6
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  • 94
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    Emotion in Aesthetics (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401585798
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 271 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 64
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Aesthetics ; Ethics ; Music ; Arts.
    Abstract: Emotion in Aesthetics is the first book on aesthetics to provide an extensive theory of emotion; application of the cognitive-emotive theory to aesthetics; analysis of the relationship between aesthetics, metaphor and emotion; a full theory of meaning and its application to aesthetics; discussion of the relationship between aesthetics, music and language in terms of phonetics, phonology and intonation; an analysis of humanistic aesthetics; a well-developed naturalistic theory of ethics as applied to aesthetics and emotion. Stress is placed on the views of contemporary philosophers as well as some of the main historical accounts of emotion in aesthetics. The important recent work on emotion has not hitherto been applied to aesthetics. As a result there is still much confusion in aesthetics about aesthetic emotion and related concepts, such as the expression theory of emotion. The present book has been written to show how the theory can be used to clarify the issue, resulting in a major breakthrough in aesthetics. In addition, the theory presented is valuable in relating aesthetics to ethics and humanism
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8579-8
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  • 95
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    A History of Women Philosophers : Contemporary Women Philosophers, 1900-Today (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401111140
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (520p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: A History of Women Philosophers 4
    Series Statement: History of Women Philosophers 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Philosophy—History. ; Culture—Study and teaching.
    Abstract: Like their predecessors, and like their male counterparts, most women philosophers of the 20th century have significant expertise in several specialities. Moreover, their work represents the gamut of 20th century philosophy's interests in moral pragmatism, logical positivism, philosophy of mathematics, of psychology, and of mind. Their writings include feminist philosophy, classical moral theory reevaluated in light of Kant, Mill, and the 19th century feminist and abolitionist movements, and issues in logic and perception. Included in the fourth volume of the series are discussions of L. Susan Stebbing, Edith Stein, Hedwig Conrad Martius, Simone de Beauvoir, Simone Weil, Mary Whiton Calkins, Gerda Walther, and others. While pre-20th century women philosophers were usually self-educated, those of the 20th century had greater access to academic preparation in philosophy. Yet, for all the advances made by women philosophers over two and a half millennia, the philosophers discussed in this volume were sometimes excluded from full participation in academic life, and sometimes denied full professional academic status
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-1114-0
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  • 96
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    Representational Ideas : From Plato to Patricia Churchland (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401100755
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 184 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 250
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; Philosophy of mind
    Abstract: In Representational Ideas: From Plato to Patricia Churchland Watson argues that all intelligible theories of representation by ideas are based on likeness between representations and objects. He concludes that 17th century materialist criticisms of `having' mental representations in the mind apply to contemporary material representations in the brain, as proposed by neurophilosophers. The argument begins with Plato, with particular stress on Descartes, Malebranche, and Arnauld. He then proceeds with an examination of the picture theory developed by Wittgenstein, Carnap, and Goodman, and concludes with an examination of Patricia Churchland, Ruth Millikan, Robert Cummins, and Mark Rollins. The use of the historical development of representationalism to pose a central problem in contemporary cognitive science is unique. For students, scholars and researchers in neuroscience, cognitive science, philosophy of mind, and modern philosophy
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-0075-5
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  • 97
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    Applied Logic: How, What and Why : Logical Approaches to Natural Language (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401585330
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 392 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 247
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Logic ; Natural language processing (Computer science). ; Semiotics. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax.
    Abstract: A selection of papers presented at the international conference `Applied Logic: Logic at Work', held in Amsterdam in December 1992. Nowadays, the term `applied logic' has a very wide meaning, as numerous applications of logical methods in computer science, formal linguistics and other fields testify. Such applications are by no means restricted to the use of known logical techniques: at its best, applied logic involves a back-and-forth dialogue between logical theory and the problem domain. The papers focus on the application of logic to the study of natural language, in syntax, semantics and pragmatics, and the effect of these studies on the development of logic. In the last decade, the dynamic nature of natural language has been the most interesting challenge for logicians. Dynamic semantics is here applied to new topics, the dynamic approach is extended to syntax, and several methodological issues in dynamic semantics are systematically investigated. Other methodological issues in the formal studies of natural language are discussed, such as the need for types, modal operators and other logical operators in the formal framework. Further articles address the scope of these methodological issues from other perspectives ranging from cognition to computation. The volume presents papers that are interesting for graduate students and researchers in the field of logic, philosophy of language, formal semantics and pragmatics, and computational linguistics
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8533-0
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  • 98
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    New Directions in the Philosophy of Technology (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401584180
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 225 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Technology 11
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Humanities ; Social sciences Methodology ; History ; Technology—Philosophy. ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Abstract: In this collection we finally find the philosophy of technology, a young and rapidly developing area of scholarly interest, making contact with history of science and technology, and mainstream epistemological and metaphysical issues. The sophistication of these papers indicates the maturity of the field as it moves away from the advocacy of anti-technology ideological posturing toward a deeper understanding of the options and restraints technological developments provide. The papers presented here take us over a threshold into the real world of complicated social and technological interactions where science and art are shown to be integral to our understanding of technological change, and technological innovations are seen as configuring our knowledge of the world and opening up new possibilities for human development. With its rich historical base, this volume will be of interest to all students concerned about the interactions among technology, society, and philosophy
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8418-0
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  • 99
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    Leibniz and the Kabbalah (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401720694
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 225 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées 142
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 142
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Religion (General) ; History ; Philosophy, Modern. ; Religion.
    Abstract: The general view of scholars is that the Kabbalah had no appreciable influence on the philosophy of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. But on the basis of new evidence, Professor Coudert argues that this conclusion is mistaken. Leibniz was neither the foolish optimist Voltaire made him out to be in Candide nor the supreme rationalist described by so many subsequent scholars. He was a radical gnostic, whose philosophy was profoundly influenced by the Lurianic Kabbalah. Once this somewhat startling fact is understood, key areas of his philosophy, such as his concept of monads, defense of free will, and theodicy, can be seen in entirely new ways, which solve many of the problems that have perplexed scholars. This book is for all levels of readers, from those with a general interest in intellectual history to specialists in philosophy, the history of science, theology, and Jewish studies
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2069-4
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  • 100
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    Wittgenstein: Mind and Language (1995)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401736916
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (328 p. 2 illus) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 245
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy—History. ; Life sciences. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Wittgenstein: Mind and Language brings together a collection of previously unpublished essays which offer a systematic account of Wittgenstein's philosophy of mind and contribute in an absolutely new and original way to illuminating his later conception of human perceptive, emotional and cognitive language from both a theoretical and an historical point of view. The focus is on the fundamental categories of philosophical grammar, on the analysis of intentionality, of belief and Moore's paradox, on certainty and doubt, on will, memory, sensations and emotions, as well as on the theory of aspects and private language and the relationship with relativism and psychologism. In the recent literature there are undoubtedly numerous qualified publications dedicated to the themes of philosophical psychology as they emerge from Wittgenstein's Nachlaß and from his writings on this subject published in the last decade. This book, however, provides the essential points of reference of Wittgenstein's late treatment of psychological concepts in the context of the general features of his early philosophy of science and language and in the framework of the trends of his time. The book is of special interest to scholars and students, philosophers, linguists, psychologists, sociologists, cognitive scientists, logicians, historians of contemporary philosophy and science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3691-6
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