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  • 2015-2019  (5)
  • 1970-1974
  • 2015  (5)
  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank  (5)
  • Inequality  (5)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    LAC Semiannual Report October 2014 : Inequality in a Lower Growth Latin America (2015)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464804298
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (73 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: Latin American and Caribbean Semiannual Report
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Business ; Business Cycle ; Decentralization ; Equity ; Growth ; Inequality ; Inflation ; Macroeconomic Determinants of Inequality ; Social Agenda ; Stability
    Abstract: As usual in this series, Chapter 1 reviews the configuration of global risks and assesses the outstanding short term opportunities and challenges facing the LAC region. We document the significant slowdown in economic activity across the region, and explore the possibility of this being the 'new normal'. In Chapter 2 we assess if the major social gains achieved during the 'Golden Decade', in particular the decline in inequality, will hold in this less supportive environment, and discuss alternative policy responses to preserve and further the equity gains in the region
    Note: Description based on print version record
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0429-8
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    LAC Poverty and Labor Brief, February 2014 : Social Gains in the Balance - A Fiscal Policy Challenge for Latin America and the Caribbean (2015)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464802911
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (68 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Commitment to equity ; Equity ; Fiscal policy ; Human opportunity index ; Inequality ; Poverty ; Shared prosperity
    Abstract: In 2012, the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region continued its successful drive to reduce poverty and build the middle class. Poverty reduction was accompanied by strong income growth of the bottom 40 percent of the population, the World Bank's indicator of shared prosperity. However, the recent economic slowdown and stagnation in inequality decline suggest that future social gains may be more difficult to achieve. Given the modest prospects ahead, the region's poverty reduction strategy needs to focus on restoring growth and preserving macroeconomic stability, while reinforcing the ability of less advantaged groups to participate in and contribute to growth. This report assesses two relevant policy areas: equity of fiscal policy and equal access to basic goods and services for children that open the opportunity for them to lead lives of their choosing. Drawing on results from the Commitment to Equity project, the report shows that fiscal policy remains an underused instrument in terms of level and incidence of taxation and spending. The Human Opportunity Index underscores that opportunities are expanding for children in the region, but large gaps remain in access and quality
    Note: Description based on print version record
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0291-1
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    LAC Semiannual Report October 2015 : Jobs, Wages and the Latin American Slowdown (2015)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (73 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: LAC Semiannual Report
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Growth ; Slowdown ; Labor income inequality ; Household income inequality ; Elasticity ; Terms of trade ; Inequality ; Unemployment ; Labor force participation ; Latin America
    Abstract: As usual, Chapter 1 of the report covers the short-term prospects and provides an analysis of the external factors affecting the region's economic slowdown. The focus is on the adjustment challenges faced by those Latin American countries experiencing a major adverse terms of trade shock, which comes after an unprecedented (in magnitude and duration) period of terms of trade bonanza. Chapter 2 discusses the key topic of this semiannual report, that is, the implications of the slowdown for labor markets - on jobs and wages. We describe the broad labor market trends observed during the boom and contrast them with the patterns observed during the slowdown. We also describe the implications of the slowdown for inequality. A corollary of the observed labor market patterns during the slowdown is that some of the gains towards greater income equality achieved in the past decade or so may be reversed, at least in part, and that we may see a divergence between labor income inequality and household income inequality, whereby the latter may rise more than the former
    Note: Description based on print version record
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0732-9
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    LAC Poverty and Labor Brief, June 2015 : Working to End Poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean: Workers, Jobs, and Wages (2015)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464806858
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 pages)
    Series Statement: Latin America and Caribbean Poverty and Labor Brief
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Commodity Boom ; Equity ; Inequality ; Labor Markets ; Poverty ; Shared Prosperity ; Unskilled Labor ; Wages
    Abstract: While LAC continues its progress towards becoming a middle-class region, in 2013 poverty reduction was slower than in previous years. The bottom 40 percent of the population has also seen decelerating income growth since the 2008-2009 global financial crisis. Driving the lower gains in shared prosperity and poverty reduction is the region's slowing economic growth. Similarly, after more than a decade of steady decline, inequality has been stagnant since 2010 and remains high. Given the crucial role of labor earnings in poverty and inequality reduction, this report analyzes more deeply LAC's labor markets and its implications for the region's social gains going forward. It shows that the region's push to increase its human capital has yielded dividends; increases in the educational attainment of the labor force are evident across the region. Nonetheless, the substantial growth in wages observed during the last decade was not accompanied by significant changes in the labor market: agriculture and low-productivity, informal service employment continued to be key sources of income for the poor in LAC. Instead, most of the gains were seen in countries that benefitted from the commodity boom of the last decade. As the commodity boom fades and growth wanes, there is a risk that the social gains achieved in the century's first decade will erode
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Peru - Selected Issues in Fiscal Policy : Taxation and Equity (2015)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Public Sector Study
    Keywords: Equity ; Fiscal Policy ; Inequality ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Public Sector Development ; Tax Evasion ; Tax Law ; Tax Reform ; Taxation and Subsidies
    Abstract: This report takes an in-depth look, from a policy perspective, at the trade-offs between increasing tax collection and improving the equity of the fiscal system. As part of this effort, the report places the Peruvian tax system in an international context and considers the key challenges the government is facing in its drive to increase revenue. It also conducts qualitative and quantitative analyses of the impact of taxes and transfers on inequality and on the distribution of income. The report then makes several policy proposals that would increase tax collection without jeopardizing equity, and it then simulates the impacts of these changes on collection and equity. This advice spanned the 2012-2014 period, and included research on several tax policy-related issues, such as legal advice on double-taxation treaties and in-depth analyses of tax exemptions. To keep the focus tight, some of the work is not included in this report. Contributions were originally written in Spanish to provide the Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF) with timely advice on the subject and were discussed with the counterparts during and immediately after its preparation. As a result of prioritizing this process, two teams focused on different areas of research and were able to contribute to the analytical base behind the ongoing tax reform. The report summarizes the main elements of this process and resulting advice. It comes out at the same time as the finance ministry announces the first set of tax reforms that were informed by this work
    DOI: 10.1596/36221
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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