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  • 2010-2014  (1,573)
  • 2013  (1,573)
  • Boston, MA : Safari  (622)
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  • Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden  (369)
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  • 1
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Opladen : Leske + Budrich | Wiesbaden : VS, Verl. f. Sozialwiss. | Pfaffenweiler : Centaurus-Verl. ; 1.1991 -
    ISSN: 0935-7548 , 2628-8133
    Language: German
    Dates of Publication: 1.1991 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Stadt, Raum und Gesellschaft
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
    Note: Teilweise ungezählt
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    ISBN: 9783531194141 , 3531194143
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XVI, 203 Seiten) , 1 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Series Statement: Geschlecht und Gesellschaft
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Connell, Raewyn Gender
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Geschlechterrolle ; Geschlechtsidentität ; Geschlechterverhältnis ; Geschlechterforschung ; Sociology ; Social sciences ; Sex ; Sociology ; Society ; Gender Studies ; Einführung ; Einführung
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
    ISBN: 9783531940939
    Language: German
    Pages: VIII, 541 S. 1 Abb
    Series Statement: Geschlecht und Gesellschaft 45
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Developmental psychology ; Geschlechterforschung ; Organisationssoziologie ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Geschlechterforschung ; Organisationssoziologie
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9783531192949
    Language: German
    Pages: VIII, 203 S. 31 Abb
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 302.2
    Keywords: Geschichte 2008-2009 ; Social sciences ; Economics ; Wirtschaftsberichterstattung ; Presse ; Nachrichtensendung ; Fernsehsendung ; Finanzkrise ; Deutschland ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Deutschland ; Presse ; Fernsehsendung ; Nachrichtensendung ; Finanzkrise ; Wirtschaftsberichterstattung ; Geschichte 2008-2009
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
    ISBN: 9783531932408
    Language: German
    Pages: VI, 304 S. 14 Abb
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 304.2
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Human Geography ; Spatial turn ; Qualitative Sozialforschung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Qualitative Sozialforschung ; Spatial turn
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9783658019303
    Language: German
    Pages: X, 382 S. 1 Abb
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 302.2
    Keywords: Social sciences
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
    ISBN: 9783658025342
    Language: German
    Pages: VI, 146 S. 5 Abb. in Farbe
    Series Statement: Qualitative Sozialforschung
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Social sciences Methodology ; Qualitative Sozialforschung ; Gruppendiskussion ; Datenauswertung ; Arbeitsgruppe ; Qualitative Sozialforschung ; Datenauswertung ; Arbeitsgruppe ; Gruppendiskussion
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9783531193458
    Language: German
    Pages: IV, 332 S. 11 Abb
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Schulabgänger ; Übergang ; Berufsanfang ; Deutschland ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Deutschland ; Schulabgänger ; Übergang ; Berufsanfang
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9783531187327
    Language: German
    Pages: VI, 135 S. 19 Abb., 10 Abb. in Farbe
    Series Statement: Qualitative Sozialforschung
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Social sciences Methodology ; Interpretative Sozialforschung ; Methode ; Datenauswertung ; Videoaufzeichnung ; Interpretative Sozialforschung ; Videoaufzeichnung ; Datenauswertung ; Methode
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  • 10
    ISBN: 9783658010621
    Language: German
    Pages: XII, 234 S. 5 Abb
    Series Statement: Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Wirtschaftssoziologie ; Kultursoziologie ; Wettbewerb ; Marktwirtschaft ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Marktwirtschaft ; Wettbewerb ; Kultursoziologie ; Wirtschaftssoziologie
    URL: Cover
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    ISBN: 9783658019341 , 3658019344
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (X, 382 Seiten) , 3 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Kurilla, Robin Emotion, Kommunikation, Konflikt
    DDC: 302.2
    Keywords: Communication ; Media and Communication
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
    ISBN: 9783658007294
    Language: German
    Pages: XXXII, 246 S. 25 Abb
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 302.2
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Mass media ; Digitalisierung ; Wandel ; Massenmedien ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Digitalisierung ; Massenmedien ; Wandel
    URL: Cover
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
    ISBN: 9783531190525
    Language: German
    Pages: VI, 150 S.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306.43
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Education ; Pädagogikstudium ; Soziologie ; Einführung ; Lehrbuch ; Lehrbuch ; Einführung ; Lehrbuch ; Pädagogikstudium ; Soziologie
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
    ISBN: 9783658018870
    Language: German
    Pages: XII, 240 S. 15 Abb
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 302.2
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Kulturelle Einrichtung ; Kommunikation ; Überlastung ; Informationsgesellschaft ; Informationsgesellschaft ; Kulturelle Einrichtung ; Kommunikation ; Überlastung
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
    ISBN: 9783658012205
    Language: German
    Pages: XI, 348 S. 12 Abb
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Geschichte 1950-2005 ; Social sciences ; Diskursanalyse ; Forschung ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Armut ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Armut ; Forschung ; Diskursanalyse ; Geschichte 1950-2005
    URL: Cover
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    ISBN: 9783658019303 , 3658019301
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (X, 382 Seiten) , 1 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Kurilla, Robin Emotion, Kommunikation, Konflikt
    DDC: 302.2
    Keywords: Communication ; Social sciences ; Media and Communication ; Society
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    ISBN: 9783531190525 , 3531190520
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VI, 150 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Brüsemeister, Thomas Soziologie in pädagogischen Kontexten
    DDC: 306.43
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    Keywords: Pädagogikstudium ; Soziologie ; Educational sociology ; Education ; Sociology of Education ; Education ; Einführung
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    ISBN: 9783658010744 , 3658010746
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XVIII, 372 Seiten) , 30 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sozialunternehmen in Deutschland
    DDC: 306.3
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    Keywords: Social entrepreneurship ; Economic sociology ; Social service ; Sociology ; Political science ; Business ethics ; Economic Sociology ; Social Work ; Sociology ; Political Science ; Business Ethics ; Deutschland ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9783658003487
    Language: German
    Pages: VIII, 260 S. 18 Abb
    Series Statement: Mediensymposium
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 302.2
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Soziale Differenzierung ; Öffentlichkeit ; Konferenzschrift 2010 ; Konferenzschrift 2010 ; Konferenzschrift 2010 ; Konferenzschrift 2010 ; Konferenzschrift 2010 ; Konferenzschrift 2010 ; Öffentlichkeit ; Soziale Differenzierung
    URL: Cover
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
    ISBN: 9783531197999
    Language: German
    Pages: VII, 298 S. 3 Abb
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306.43
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    Keywords: Education ; Geschlechterrolle ; Erziehung ; Interkulturalität ; Bildung ; Heterogenität ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Heterogenität ; Interkulturalität ; Geschlechterrolle ; Erziehung ; Bildung
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9783658006013
    Language: German
    Pages: VI, 272 S. 2 Abb
    Series Statement: Soziales Gedächtnis, Erinnern und Vergessen – Memory Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Kollektives Gedächtnis ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Kulturwissenschaften ; Erinnerung ; Konferenzschrift 2012 ; Konferenzschrift 2012 ; Konferenzschrift 2012 ; Konferenzschrift 2012 ; Konferenzschrift 2012 ; Konferenzschrift 2012 ; Erinnerung ; Kollektives Gedächtnis ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Kulturwissenschaften
    URL: Cover
    URL: Cover
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9783531190433
    Language: German
    Pages: VII, 307 S. 5 Abb
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306.43
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    Keywords: Education ; Bildungssystem ; Soziale Herkunft ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; Bildungssystem ; Soziale Herkunft ; Soziale Ungleichheit
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiii, 273 pages) , illustrations , 23 cm
    Edition: Online edition s.l.
    Series Statement: New Frontiers of Social Policy
    Series Statement: World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 302
    Keywords: Marginality, Social ; Social integration
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 24
    ISBN: 9783531188065
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 402 S., 25 Abb.)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Die subjektive Seite der Stadt
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Die subjektive Seite der Stadt
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Social Sciences ; Social sciences ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Großstadt ; Stadtbevölkerung ; Identifikation ; Affektive Bindung ; Stadtentwicklung ; Elite ; Kommunalpolitik
    Abstract: „Subjektive“ Seiten der Stadt -- Momente und Prozesse der Ent-Subjektivierung -- Städtische „Subjekte“ – Eliten: Sichtweisen, Koalitionen, Identitäten und Politiken.
    Abstract: Die wissenschaftliche Thematisierung städtischer Entwicklung bzw. lokalen Wandels vernachlässigt häufig die Eigenlogik und Eigendynamik der lokalen Ebene und die Gestaltungswirkung lokaler Akteure. Problematisch daran ist, dass einerseits komplexe und variable Akteurs-Institutionen-Geflechte und die auf sie einwirkenden, sich verändernden Einflussfaktoren, andererseits die hiermit einhergehenden Responses lokaler Eliten übersehen werden. Zudem bedarf es einer Betrachtung der Städte, die sowohl ihrer Gestaltbarkeit, „Eigensinnigkeit“ und Pfadabhängigkeit als auch ihrer Bedeutung als kreativer und innovativer Ausgangspunkt für gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen gerecht wird. Der Inhalt · „Subjektive“ Seiten der Stadt · Momente und Prozesse der Ent-Subjektivierung · Städtische „Subjekte“ – Eliten: Sichtweisen, Koalitionen, Identitäten und Politiken Die Zielgruppen · Dozierende und Studierende der Soziologie, der Politikwissenschaft und der Geografie · PraktikerInnen und Führungskräfte aus Politik und Verwaltung, lokale Eliten, StadtentwicklerInnen, VertreterInnen von Verbänden und Vereinen Die Herausgeber Katrin Harm ist Politologin und Soziologin und arbeitet u. a. zu den Bereichen Stadtsoziologie, Kommunalpolitik, lokale Eliten, Bürgerumfragen und Bürgerbeteiligung. Dr. Jens Aderhold ist am Institut für Sozialinnovation Berlin tätig und beschäftigt sich u. a. mit Innovations-, Transformations- und Nachhaltigkeitsforschung, der Theorie gesellschaftlicher Eliten, Stadtsoziologie sowie Organisationsentwicklung.
    Description / Table of Contents: „Subjektive“ Seiten der StadtMomente und Prozesse der Ent-Subjektivierung -- Städtische „Subjekte“ - Eliten: Sichtweisen, Koalitionen, Identitäten und Politiken.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9783531191164
    Language: German
    Pages: 291 S.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Erwachsenenbildung
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9783531196602
    Language: German
    Pages: VIII, 148 S. 19 Abb
    Series Statement: Palliative Care und Forschung
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Quality of Life ; Quality of Life Research ; Erleben ; Sterbender ; Palliativtherapie ; Interview ; Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse ; Medizinstudent ; Sterbender ; Palliativtherapie ; Erleben ; Medizinstudent ; Interview ; Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9783531191300
    Language: German
    Pages: X, 225 S. 12 Abb
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Human Geography ; Mittelstadt ; Stadtentwicklung ; Strukturschwaches Gebiet ; Peripherer Raum ; Deutschland ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Deutschland ; Peripherer Raum ; Strukturschwaches Gebiet ; Mittelstadt ; Stadtentwicklung
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9783531197098
    Language: German
    Pages: X, 164 S. 12 Abb
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Developmental psychology ; Außeruniversitäre Forschungseinrichtung ; Karriere ; Naturwissenschaftlerin ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Außeruniversitäre Forschungseinrichtung ; Naturwissenschaftlerin ; Karriere
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9783658035822
    Language: German
    Pages: XXIII, 237 S.
    Series Statement: Unternehmenskooperation und Netzwerkmanagement
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Vertikales Marketing ; Preisbindung ; Lebensmittelindustrie ; Wettbewerbsbeschränkung ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Lebensmittelindustrie ; Preisbindung ; Vertikales Marketing ; Wettbewerbsbeschränkung
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
    ISBN: 9783531941721
    Language: German
    Pages: I, 374 S. 6 Abb
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 303.482
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Wettbewerbsfähigkeit
    Abstract: Die Erhaltung von Innovations- und Wettbewerbsfähigkeit fordert im Zuge intersystemischer Wissensgenerierung neue grenzüberschreitende Formen der Zusammenarbeit. Als erfolgsversprechende Interorganisationsformen kollektiver Kapitalbildung und Wertschöpfung rücken Cluster zunehmend in die Intermediäre von Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Politik. Britta Verena Pieper entwickelt Grundlagen und skizziert Modelle für eine sozioökonomische Clustertheorie. Sie erweitert den vorherrschenden wirtschaftsgeographisch determinierten Clusterbegriff um eine soziokulturelle Dimension und veranschaulicht Cluster
    Description / Table of Contents: Inhalt; Danksagung; 1. Im Delta von Wissensavantgarden und Cluster-Künsten; 2. Clusterdiskurse und Diskussionen:Etymologische Wegweiser. Politische Dispositionen.Ideologische Prämissen; 2.1 Präambel; 2.2 Altes Erbe - Neues Vermächtnis: Sprachhistorische Wurzeln; 2.3 InteroperabIlität der Systeme als strategisch übergreifendes Ziel; 2.4 Forschungstheoretische Präliminarien zur Objektivation von Clustern; 3. Die Topologie des Performativen; 3.1 Perform Knowledge to Function; 3.2 Circle around the turn: Performativität als neuer Modus Operandi
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.3 Performative Verquickung von Sprache, Denken und Handeln3.4 Performative Sinnerzeugung und Bildgenerierung; 3.5 Objektivation des Performativen: Transition und Transmigration performativer Akte; 3.6 Zirkularität des Performativen: Wechselwirkung von Begriffsbildung und Bedeutungserzeugung; 4. Kunst als Strategie - Strategie als Kunst; 4.1 Performative Künste der Gegenwart: Transrormatorische Insignien und ideologische Zusammenschnitte; 4.2 Die avantgardistische Phalanx: Zerrbild oder Mainframe?
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.3 Avantgardistische Kunst als dynamisches Transformationspotential:Bewegungen und Beweglichkeiten4.4 Avantgardistische Künste der Historie: Triebkräfte und Transformatoren der Gegenwart?; 4.5 Exkurs: Kunst- und Medienintermediäre - Zur Gewinnung von Perspektiven; 4.6 Avantgardistische Manifeste und progressive Re-entries; 4.7 Die Wissensavantgarde (re)formiert sich: Weckruf und Erwachen der strategischen Künste; 5. Wissen: Abstraktionen - Konstruktionen - Korrelationen; 5.1 Influx of knowledge - Wissen als Wanderer zwischen Körper- und Sinnwelten; 5.2 Interdependenzen von Wissen und Lernen
    Description / Table of Contents: 6. Cluster - Grundriss für neue Wissenskonstruktionen6.1 Ökonomische Befunde und geographische Relationen; 6.2 Historische Kronzeugen und regionale Gläubiger:Potentiale und Hemmnisse innovativer Wegweisung; 6.3 Exkurs: (R)Evolutionen als Erneuerungschiffren modernerClustersynthese; 6.4 ,Tear down the walls':Grenzüberschreitung(en) als Basis produktiver Wissensbündelung; 7. Lern- und Wissenscluster; 7.1 Form und Formation der neuen Intermediäre - Interfacedesign; 7.2 'Unifying Knowledge' - Strategema oder Dilemma?
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.3 Kaskadierendes Lernen: Zur Integration und Partizipation vielstimmiger Kräfte8. Cluster-Figuren und Cluster-Figurationen im Raume; 8.1 Framing and Roaming: Zur Verortung und Verräumlichung von Clustern; 8.2 Cluster als experimentelle und soziale Raumformen; 9. Vom Szenario zur Szenerie; 9.1 Cluster-Management und Cluster-Development stehen Kopf,der Kopf steht quer; 9.2 Modellage des Cluster-Managements; 9.3 Grundlegung der cross-medialen In-Szene(rie)-Setzungen; 10. Final Re-Union; Literaturverzeichnis; Abkürzungs- und Akronymverzeichnis; Abbildungsverzeichnis
    Note: Description based upon print version of record , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 31
    ISBN: 3658034807 , 9783658034818
    Language: German
    Pages: XIV, 275 S. 6 Abb
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 305.3
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Developmental psychology ; Frau ; Hochschule ; Mentor ; Personalentwicklung ; Berufstätigkeit ; Ingenieurstudium ; Ingenieurin ; Gleichstellung ; Ingenieurstudium ; Frau ; Mentor ; Ingenieurin ; Berufstätigkeit ; Gleichstellung ; Ingenieurin ; Hochschule ; Gleichstellung ; Mentor ; Personalentwicklung
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
    ISBN: 9783658011901
    Language: German
    Pages: XXVII, 275 S. 83 Abb
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 302.2
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Nutzung ; Nachrichtenmarkt ; Nachrichtenmarkt ; Nutzung
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
    ISBN: 9783531195148
    Language: German
    Pages: XVI, 279 S. 41 Abb
    Edition: 4. Aufl. 2013
    Series Statement: Grundwissen Politik 10
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Internationale Organisation ; Lehrbuch ; Electronic books. ; Electronic books. ; Internationale Organisation
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
    ISBN: 9783658021085
    Language: German
    Pages: XX, 101 S. 6 Abb
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 302.2
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Consciousness ; Erfolg ; Social Media ; Soziales Netzwerk ; Social Media ; Soziales Netzwerk ; Erfolg
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 35
    ISBN: 9783531932446
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 312 S. 22 Abb, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Städtische Armutsquartiere - kriminelle Lebenswelten?
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Städtische Armutsquartiere - kriminelle Lebenswelten?
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Social Sciences ; Criminology ; Sociology. ; Social structure. ; Social inequality. ; Social sciences ; Criminology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Großstadt ; Jugendkriminalität ; Kriminalitätsfurcht ; Wohngebiet ; Armut ; Kontexteffekt
    Abstract: Theoretische Grundlagen und Forschungsüberblick -- Internationale und nationale empirische Studien -- Methodische Herausforderungen.
    Abstract: Die Konzentration von Kriminalität und Gewalt in sozial benachteiligten Wohnquartieren erfährt in Zeiten wachsender sozialer Spaltungen zunehmende Aufmerksamkeit. Die Annahme, dass Segregationsprozesse und räumliche Armutskonzentrationen in Großstädten Jugendkriminalität verschärfen können, ist weit verbreitet und hat in der Stadt- und Kriminalsoziologie insbesondere in den USA im letzten Jahrzehnt eine bedeutende Renaissance erfahren. Mithilfe neuer statistischer Verfahren wie der Mehrebenenanalyse ist es möglich, eigenständige Effekte des sozialräumlichen Kontextes auf das Verhalten der Bewohner genauer zu untersuchen. Der Sammelband greift diese neue Forschungsrichtung auf und vereinigt erstmals aktuelle deutsche und internationale Studien zu Kontexteffekten auf Jugendkriminalität und Kriminalitätswahrnehmungen der Bewohner. Die Studien werden ergänzt durch ausführliche theoretische Beiträge aus stadt- und kriminalsoziologischer Perspektive sowie durch methodisch orientierte Beiträge.   Der Inhalt Theoretische Grundlagen und Forschungsüberblick.- Internationale und nationale empirische Studien.- Methodische Herausforderungen   Die Zielgruppen Dozenten und fortgeschrittene Studierende aus den Bereichen Soziologie/Sozialwissenschaften, Kriminologie und Pädagogik   Die Herausgeber PD Dr. Dietrich Oberwittler arbeitet am Max-Planck-Institut für ausländisches und internationales Strafrecht Freiburg i. B., Abteilung Kriminologie. Dr. Susann Rabold arbeitet im Kriminologischen Dienst im Bildungsinstitut des niedersächsischen Justizvollzuges. Dr. Dirk Baier arbeitet am Kriminologischen Forschungsinstitut Niedersachsen.
    Description / Table of Contents: Inhalt; Vorwort; Sozialräumliche Kontexteffekte der Armut; 1. Einleitung; 2. Armut in Städten: Eine historischer Rückblick; 3. Die Makroebene: Benachteiligte Wohngebiete; 4. Kontexteffekte und Mechanismen; 4.1. Typen von Kontexteffekten; 4.1.1. Diskriminierung des Wohngebietes; 4.1.2. Defizitäre Infrastruktur; 4.1.3. Rollenmodelle; 4.1.4. Ansteckungseffekt; 4.1.5. Kollektive Sozialisation; 4.1.6. Kontexteffekte und Mechanismen; 4.2. Einflüsse auf spezifische Gruppen; 4.3. Schwellenwerte; 5. Die Mikroebene: Bewohner benachteiligter Wohngebiete; 6. Eine Erweiterung des Modells
    Description / Table of Contents: 7. Zusammenfassung und weiterführende ÜberlegungenLiteraturverzeichnis; Wohnquartiere und Kriminalität - Überblick über die Forschung zu den sozialräumlichen Dimensionen urbaner Kriminalität; 1. Einleitung; 2. Das „systemische Modell" der Kriminalität - wechselseitige Beziehungen zwischen struktureller Benachteiligung, sozialem Kapital und Kriminalität auf der Ebene von Stadtvierteln; 2.1. Die Rolle von sozialem Kapital und kollektiver Wirksamkeit bei der Kontrolle von Kriminalität; 2.2. Rückwirkungen von Kriminalität und Unordnung auf Sozialkapital und Sozialstruktur
    Description / Table of Contents: 3. Sozialräumliche Kontexteffekte auf Jugenddelinquenz3.1. Theoretische Erklärungsansätze; 3.2. Empirische Resultate zur Bedeutung von sozialräumlichen Kontexten für Kinder und Jugendliche - „globale" Effekte; 3.3. Empirische Resultate zur Bedeutung von sozialräumlichen Kontexten für Kinder und Jugendliche - differentielle Effekte; 4. Methodische Aspekte der Erforschung sozialräumlicher Kontexteffekte; 4.1. Kontext- oder Individualeffekte?; 4.2. Quer- oder Längschnittstudien?; 4.3. Wohnquartiere und/oder Schulen?; 4.4. Aktionsräume und Agency von Kindern und Jugendlichen
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.5. Die Messung von Kontexteigenschaften4.6. Statistische Modellierung von Kontexteffekten; 5. Ausblick; Literaturverzeichnis; Anhang; Neighborhood Effects on Crime. Evidence from America's Moving to Opportunity Experiment; 1. Introduction; 2. The Moving to Opportunity experiment; 3. MTO Effects on Crime; 4. Causes of the gender difference in offending responses to MTO mobility; 5. Can non-experimental estimates replicate experimental results?; 6. A Chicago replication; 7. Conclusions; References; Appendix
    Description / Table of Contents: Adolescent offending and disadvantage in urban neighbourhoods and schools. A cross-classified multilevel analysis1. Introduction; 2. The importance of cross-classified multilevel modelling; 3. SAT as a framework to study contextual effects of neighbourhoods and schools; 4. Descriptive research questions and hypotheses; 5. Data; 6. Measures; 7. Descriptive results; 8. Multivariate cross-nested analyses of adolescent offending; 9. Conclusion and discussion; References; Appendix
    Description / Table of Contents: Sozialräumliche Determinanten der Jugendkriminalität. Test eines Modells informeller Sozialkontrolle zur Erklärung des Gewalthandelns Jugendlicher aus verschiedenen Duisburger Ortsteilen
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
    URL: Cover
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
    ISBN: 9783658011864
    Language: German
    Pages: XX, 264 S. 40 Abb
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 302.2
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Journalismus ; Presse ; Online-Medien ; Druckmedien ; Druckmedien ; Online-Medien ; Journalismus ; Presse
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  • 37
    ISBN: 9783658006587
    Language: German
    Pages: VI, 210 S. 14 Abb
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Curriculum planning ; Gymnasium ; Sekundarstufe 2 ; Bildungsstandard ; Konferenzschrift 2011 ; Konferenzschrift 2011 ; Bildungsstandard ; Sekundarstufe 2 ; Gymnasium
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    ISBN: 9783531188263 , 3531188267
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (IX, 412 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Series Statement: René König Schriften. Ausgabe letzter Hand 8
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als König, René Emile Durkheim
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Sociology ; Sociology
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  • 39
    ISBN: 9783658008857
    Language: German
    Pages: XI, 362 S. 13 Abb
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Geschichte 2001-2009 ; Social sciences ; Diskursanalyse ; Innere Sicherheit ; Deutschland ; Deutschland ; Innere Sicherheit ; Diskursanalyse ; Geschichte 2001-2009
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9783531197098 , 3531197096
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (X, 164 Seiten) , 12 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Aufstieg und Ausstieg
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Wissenschaftlerin ; Forschung ; Naturwissenschaften ; Außeruniversitäre Forschungseinrichtung ; Naturwissenschaftlerin ; Karriere ; Sociology ; Social sciences ; Sex ; Sociology ; Society ; Gender Studies ; Deutschland ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    ISBN: 9783531188386 , 3531188380
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VIII, 320 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Series Statement: René König Schriften. Ausgabe letzter Hand 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als König, René Niccolò Machiavelli
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Sociology ; Sociology
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    ISBN: 9783531192635 , 3531192639
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (X, 313 Seiten) , 57 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Series Statement: RaumFragen: Stadt – Region – Landschaft
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Kühne, Olaf Landschaftstheorie und Landschaftspraxis
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Sociology ; Social sciences ; Human geography ; Sociology ; Society ; Human Geography
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    ISBN: 9783531197999 , 3531197991
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VII, 298 Seiten) , 3 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Praxis geschlechtersensibler und interkultureller Bildung
    DDC: 306.43
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    Keywords: Heterogenität ; Interkulturalität ; Geschlechterrolle ; Erziehung ; Bildung ; Educational sociology ; Sociology of Education ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    ISBN: 9783531190013 , 3531190016
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (247 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Series Statement: Kunst- und Kulturmanagement
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Lynen, Peter M Kunstrecht 1: Grundlagen des Kunstrechts
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Sociology ; Cultural property—Protection ; Arts ; Sociology ; Cultural Resource Management ; Arts
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    ISBN: 9783658019327 , 3658019328
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VIII, 241 Seiten) , 48 Abb., 23 Abb. in Farbe.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Series Statement: Globale Gesellschaft und internationale Beziehungen
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Wanke, Christina Die Darstellung Afghanistans in den Hauptnachrichtensendungen
    DDC: 302.23
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    Keywords: Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Öffentlich-Rechtlichen Rundfunkanstalten der Bundesrepublik Deutschland ; Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen ; Massenmedien ; Politik ; Nachrichtensendung ; Politische Berichterstattung ; Mass media ; Media Sociology ; Afghanistan
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    ISBN: 9783658030858 , 3658030852
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VIII, 310 Seiten) , 50 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Jenke, Marion Berufswege von Alumni einer Filmhochschule
    DDC: 302.2
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    Keywords: Hochschule für Film und Fernsehen "Konrad Wolf" ; Absolvent ; Filmschaffender ; Studienbedingungen ; Berufssituation ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Umfrage ; Communication ; Media and Communication ; Online-Publikation
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  • 47
    ISBN: 9783531190433 , 3531190431
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VII, 307 Seiten) , 5 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Bildungsgerechtigkeit jenseits von Chancengleichheit
    DDC: 306.43
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    Keywords: Bildungssystem ; Soziale Herkunft ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; Educational sociology ; Education ; Sociology of Education ; Education
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    ISBN: 9783531192413 , 3531192418
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VIII, 268 Seiten) , 12 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Betz, Joachim Internet Governance
    DDC: 302.2
    Keywords: Internet ; Governance ; Medienpolitik ; Communication ; Mass media ; Political science ; Sociology ; Media and Communication ; Media Sociology ; Political Science ; Sociology
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  • 49
    ISBN: 9783531932446 , 3531932446
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (X, 312 Seiten) , 22 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Städtische Armutsquartiere - Kriminelle Lebenswelten?
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Stadtsoziologie ; Stadtviertel ; Sozialraum ; Kriminalität ; Großstadt ; Jugendkriminalität ; Kriminalitätsfurcht ; Wohngebiet ; Armut ; Kontexteffekt ; Sociology ; Social sciences ; Criminology ; Social structure ; Equality ; Sociology ; Society ; Criminology ; Social Structure ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    ISBN: 9783658010706 , 3658010703
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VI, 257 Seiten) , 12 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Menschenrechte im Weltkontext
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Menschenrecht ; Kultur ; Religion ; Wissenschaft ; Sociology ; Social sciences ; Political science ; Culture—Study and teaching ; Sociology ; Society ; Political Theory ; Cultural Studies ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    ISBN: 9783531931562 , 3531931563
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XIV, 408 Seiten) , 4 Abb., 3 Abb. in Farbe.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Globisch, Claudia Radikaler Antisemitismus
    DDC: 306.42
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    Keywords: Geschichte 1989-2009 ; Rechtsradikalismus ; Linksradikalismus ; Antisemitismus ; Knowledge, Sociology of ; Sociology ; Sociology of Knowledge and Discourse ; Sociology ; Deutschland
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    ISBN: 9783531197531 , 3531197533
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XII, 324 Seiten) , 9 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Hormann, Oliver Das soziale Netz der Familie
    DDC: 305.2
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    Keywords: Familie ; Soziales Netzwerk ; Soziale Unterstützung ; Familienbeziehung ; Netzwerkanalyse ; Sociology ; Social groups ; Sociology of Family, Youth and Aging
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    ISBN: 9783658031534 , 3658031530
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XIV, 266 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Series Statement: Dortmunder Beiträge zur Sozialforschung
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Hahn, Katrin Heterogene Akteure als Innovationspartner
    DDC: 306.3
    Keywords: Industriebetrieb ; Innovation ; Know-how-Transfer ; Unternehmenskooperation ; Innovationsmanagement ; Soziologie ; Economic sociology ; Sociology ; Economic Sociology ; Sociology
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    ISBN: 9783658010164 , 3658010169
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (X, 330 Seiten) , 7 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Politische Kommunikation in der repräsentativen Demokratie der Bundesrepublik Deutschland
    DDC: 302.2
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    Keywords: Repräsentative Demokratie ; Communication ; Mass media ; Political science ; Communication in organizations ; Media and Communication ; Media Sociology ; Political Science ; Corporate Communication ; Deutschland ; Festschrift ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden | Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    ISBN: 9783531186696 , 3531186698
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XII, 398 Seiten) , 11 Abb.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Pierre Bourdieus Konzeption des Habitus
    DDC: 305.5
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    Keywords: Bourdieu, Pierre ; Habitus ; Begriff ; Social structure ; Equality ; Sociology ; Social Structure ; Sociological Theory ; Sociology ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821398258
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (123 p)
    Edition: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: World Development Indicators
    Abstract: A new look and new ways to access the world’s premier source of development data Looking for accurate, up-to-date data on development issues? World Development Indicators (WDI) is the World Bank’s premier annual compilation of data about development. Compiled from officially-recognized international sources, WDI presents the most current and accurate global development data available, including national, regional and global estimates. This year’s print edition and e-book have been redesigned to allow users the convenience of easily linking to the latest data on-line. What you will find in the print edition: • A selection of the most popular indicators across 155 economies and 14 country groups organized into six WDI themes • Thematic and regional highlights, providing an overview of global development trends • An in-depth review of the progress made toward achieving the Millennium Development Goals • A user guide describing resources available on-line and on mobile apps. What you can do on-line: • Download individual tables and other key information • Access and download time series data using the data retrieval system • Access indicators in five different languages (Arabic, Chinese, French, English, and Spanish) • Directly obtain the the most up-to-date data available. The WDI Little Data Book 2013 is a companion to the WDI, and is a handy country-by-country view of key development indicators for more than 200 countries. Each page provides a country data profile of of its people, environment, economy, states and markets, and global links.. ACCESS WDI TIME SERIES DATA FREE ONLINE = data.worldbank.org (the full data retrieval system organized by indicator, country and topic); and data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/world-development-indicators (for all on-line WDI resources) DOWNLOAD THE WDI DATAFINDER MOBILE APP AND OTHERS = data.worldbank.org/apps WDI DataFinder is a mobile app for browsing the current WDI database on smartphones and tablets, using iOS, Android, and Blackberry, available in four languages: English, French, Spanish, and Chinese. Use the app to browse data using the structure of the WDI; visually compare countries and indicators; create, edit and save customized tables, charts and maps; and share what you create on Twitter, Facebook, and via email
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821398159
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (239 p)
    Edition: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    Abstract: The Little Green Data Book is a pocket-sized ready reference on key environmental data for over 200 countries. Key indicators are organized under the headings of agriculture, forestry, biodiversity, oceans, energy, emission and pollution, and water and sanitation. The 2013 edition of The Little Green Data Book introduces new set of ocean-related indicators, highlighting the role of oceans in economic development
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821398739
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (254 p)
    Edition: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This report evaluates the outcomes of World Bank Group support to Afghanistan from 2002-11. Despite extremely difficult security conditions, which deteriorated markedly after 2006, the World Bank Group has commendably established and sustained a large program of support to the country. The key messages of the evaluation are: • While World Bank Group strategy has been highly relevant to Afghanistan’s situation, beginning in 2006 the strategies could have gone further in adapting ongoing programs to evolving opportunities and needs, and in programming activities sufficient to achieve the objectives of the pillars in those strategies. • Overall, Bank Group assistance has achieved substantial progress toward most of its major objectives, although risks to development outcomes remain high. Impressive results have been achieved in public financial management, public health, telecommunications, and community development; substantial outputs have also been achieved in primary education, rural roads, irrigation, and microfinance-all started during the initial phase. Bank assistance has been critical in developing the mining sector as a potential engine of growth. However, progress has been limited in civil service reform, agriculture, urban development, and private sector development. • The Bank Group’s direct financial assistance has been augmented effectively by analytic and advisory activities and donor coordination through the Afghanistan Reconstruction Trust Fund. Knowledge services have been an important part of Bank Group support and have demonstrated the value of strategic analytical work, even in areas where the Bank Group may opt out of direct project financing. • With the expected reduction of the international presence in 2014, sustainability of development gains remains a major risk because of capacity constraints and inadequate human resources planning on the civilian side. To enhance program effectiveness, the evaluation recommends that the Bank Group help the government develop a comprehensive, long-term human resources strategy for the civilian sectors; focus on strategic analytical work in sectors that are high priorities for the government; assist in the development of local government institutions and, in the interim, support the development of a viable system for service delivery at subnational levels; assist in transforming the National Solidarity Program into a more sustainable financial and institutional model to consolidate ...
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9780821387306
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (397 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics (Global)
    Abstract: The Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics 2011: Development Challenges in a Post-crisis World (ABCDE) presents papers from a global gathering of the world?s leading development scholars and practitioners held May 31 - June 2, 2010. Paper themes include: Environmental Commons and the Green Economy, Post-crisis Development Strategy, the Political Economy of Fragile States, Measuring Welfare, and Social Programs and Transfers. Keynote addresses: Elinor Ostrom: Overcoming the Samaritan's Dlimemma in Development Aid -- Torsten Persson: Weak States, Strong States, and Development -- Joseph Stiglitz: Learning, Growth, and Development -- Partha Dasgupta: Poverty Traps --
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  • 60
    Online Resource
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9781464800085
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Latin American development forum series
    DDC: 338/.04098
    Keywords: Economic development ; Entrepreneurship Social aspects ; Social mobility ; Economic development ; Entrepreneurship Social aspects ; Social mobility ; Economic development ; Entrepreneurship ; Social mobility
    Note: "A copublication of the Inter-American Development Bank and the World Bank , Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821397183
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (165 p)
    Edition: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: Impact evaluation has grown more popular as a method for identifying the causal links between interventions and outcomes. These kind of evaluations assess changes that can be attributed to a particular intervention. Both innovations in statistical methods and the demand for evaluations that can measure such development results are increasing. The World Bank Group is the largest producer of impact evaluations among all development institutions. Thus, IEG has evaluated the relevance, quality, and influence of World Bank and IFC impact evaluations. IEG finds that the World Bank Group portfolio of impact evaluations is largely aligned with sector strategies and project objectives. Selection and coordination of impact evaluations has been improving. Most World Bank impact evaluations meet either medium or high quality standards, and about half of IFC impact evaluations did. Issues related to funding, staff capacity, and incentives, however, constrain the scope and coverage of impact evaluations in the Bank Group. IEG makes five recommendations to strengthen the Bank Group’s impact evaluation efforts, revolving around consistency, coordination, quality standards, and ensuring operational relevance. Both development and evaluation professionals will find valuable lessons in this evaluation. There are real benefits from impact evaluations, including their influence on development practices through contributions to project assessment and design of future projects. Thus, development practitioners engaged in designing projects, evaluators interestedin using similar methodology, and the general evaluation community will be able to use the lessons IEG sets out in this report
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9780821398289
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 332.098
    Keywords: Finance ; Financial institutions ; Monetary policy ; Finance ; Financial institutions ; Monetary policy ; Finance ; Financial institutions ; Monetary policy
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 63
    ISBN: 9781464800160
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xxiv, 221 pages) , illustrations , 26 cm
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 613.098
    Keywords: Health Behavior ; Health Behavior ; Health Policy ; Health Policy ; Health Promotion ; Health Promotion ; Preventive Health Services ; Preventive Health Services ; Risk Factors ; Risk Factors ; Health Behavior ; Health Behavior ; Health Policy ; Health Policy ; Health Promotion ; Health Promotion ; Preventive Health Services ; Preventive Health Services ; Risk Factors ; Risk Factors
    Description / Table of Contents: Noncommunicable diseases in Latin America and the CaribbeanRisk factors for NCDs in Latin America and the Caribbean -- Economic impact of NCDs in Latin America and the Caribbean -- Population-based interventions to promote healthy living -- Multisectoral interventions to prevent health risk factors for NCDs in Latin America and the Caribbean -- Lessons learned and agenda for the future.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (30 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Hevia, Constantino Saving and Growth in Sri Lanka
    Abstract: In the aftermath of its long-standing civil war, Sri Lanka is keen to reap the social and economic benefits of peace. Even in the middle of civil conflict, the country was able to grow at rates that surpassed those of its neighbors and most developing countries. It is argued, then, that the peace dividend may bring about even higher rates of economic growth. Is this possible? And if so, under what conditions? To be sure, Sri Lanka's high growth rate in the past three decades did not come for free. It took an increasing effort of resource mobilization in the country, with a rise in national saving from 15 percent of gross domestic product in the mid-1970s to 25 percent in 2010. This rise in national saving was fundamentally fueled and sustained by the private sector. In the future, however, the private saving rate is likely to decline because the demographic transition experienced in the country is bound to produce higher old dependency rates in the next two decades. However, the public sector has much room for reducing its deficits and increasing public investment. Similarly, external investors are likely to encounter attractive and profitable investment projects in the coming years in a reformed and peaceful environment. The government of Sri Lank has two goals regarding these issues. First, increasing public saving to 1.5 percent of gross domestic product by 2013; and second, increasing international investment in the country by letting the current account deficit increase to 4-5 percent of gross domestic product in the coming years. If these goals are achieved, what can be expected for growth of gross domestic product in the country? To answer this question, this paper presents a neoclassical growth model with endogenous private saving, calibrates it to fit the Sri Lankan economy, and simulates the behavior of growth rates of gross domestic product and related variables under different scenarios. In what the authors call the Reform Scenario, total factor productivity would increase from 1 to 1.75 percent per year. This would produce a gross domestic product growth rate of about 6.5 percent in the next 5 years, 4.6 percent by 2020, and 3.5 percent by 2030, the end of the simulation period. This robust growth performance would be supported at the beginning mostly by capital accumulation but later on mainly by productivity improvements
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  • 65
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (37 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Stirbat, Liviu Determinants of Export Survival in the Lao PDR
    Abstract: This paper explores a rich dataset of monthly firm-level data on the population of exporters of Lao PDR from 2005 to 2010. The survival analysis uses a discrete-time logistic model based on firm-product-destination triplets while accounting for unobserved heterogeneity. It looks in detail at the role played by two important and related determinants of survival: experience and networks. These are particularly relevant for developing countries, where relevant export experience in firms is likely to be limited and networks leveraging it all the more important. The analysis reveals the positive impact of having prior experience with the export product and destination, experience with importing, as well as using a developed neighboring country as launch platform. Networks are found to be most relevant when they are most specific-the largest impact comes from province level aggregations of firms selling the same product in the same market during a particular month. A competing risks model was also investigated to discern the impact of these determinants on the likelihood of experiencing an upgrade to a superior product versus termination when a trade contract ends
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  • 66
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (40 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Arvis, Jean-François Trade Costs in the Developing World
    Abstract: The authors use newly collected data on trade and production in 178 countries to infer estimates of trade costs in agriculture and manufactured goods for the 1995-2010 period. The data show that trade costs are strongly declining in per capita income. Moreover, the rate of change of trade costs is largely unfavorable to the developing world: trade costs are falling noticeably faster in developed countries than in developing ones, which serves to increase the relative isolation of the latter. In particular, Sub-Saharan African countries and low-income countries remain subject to very high levels of trade costs. In terms of policy implications, the analysis finds that maritime transport connectivity and logistics performance are very important determinants of bilateral trade costs: in some specifications, their combined effect is comparable to that of geographical distance. Traditional and non-traditional trade policies more generally, including market entry barriers and regional integration agreements, play a significant role in shaping the trade costs landscape
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (33 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Ley, Eduardo Real-Time Macro Monitoring and Fiscal Policy
    Abstract: This paper considers the effects of inaccurate real-time output data on fiscal management, both with respect to budgetary planning and fiscal surveillance. As newer and better information becomes available, output data available in real time get revised and are likely to conflict with final figures that are only released some years later. Nevertheless, fiscal policy needs to be inevitably based on real-time figures. The paper develops a simple modeling framework to formalize these linkages and combines it with a newly compiled dataset from the International Monetary Fund's World Economic Outlook, comprising final and real-time output data for 175 countries, over a period of 17 years. We simulate the effects of output revisions on revisions of the overall balance, the structural balance and debt accumulation. It finds that output revisions may have substantial effects on the ability of governments to correctly estimate the overall balance and the structural fiscal balance in real time, and that the effects may imply substantial debt accumulation
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  • 68
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (38 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Canuto, Otaviano Monetary Policy and Macroprudential Regulation
    Abstract: Confidence in combining inflation-targeting-cum-flexible-exchange-rate regimes with isolated microprudential regulation as a means to guarantee both macroeconomic and financial stability has been shattered by the scale and synchronization of asset price booms and busts that preceded the current global financial crisis. This paper has a two-fold purpose. On the one hand, it explores the implications and challenges of acknowledging the need for coordination between monetary policies and macroprudential regulation. On the other, it points out specific challenges currently faced by central bankers in emerging economies, as they cope with policy and regulatory coordination in a context of debt overhang and unconventional monetary policies in advanced economies
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (41 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Herrera, Santiago Macroeconomic Shocks and Banking Sector Developments in Egypt
    Abstract: From 2008 to 2011, Egypt was hit by significant shocks, both global and country-specific. This paper assesses the impact of the resulting macroeconomic instability on the banking sector, and examines its role as a shock absorber. The Central Bank of Egypt accommodated the shocks by supplying liquidity to the market. The paper verifies a change in the fiscal regime from one in which the primary fiscal balance was used an instrument to stabilize the public debt ratio to one in which the policy instrument stopped playing that role and affected investors' assessment of the risk of holding public debt. This pattern suggests that fiscal conditions influenced exchange rate and price expectations originating a fiscal dominance situation in which the Central Bank could not control inflation. Hence, the Central Bank lacked functional independence in spite of its de jure independence, which underscores the importance of strengthening institutions that facilitate policy coordination and allow policy to be more predictable. The government also funds itself through non-market mechanisms, in a typical financial repression scheme. The paper estimates the revenue from financial repression at about 2.5 percent of gross domestic product in 2011, which together with the revenues from seignoriage add up to close to 50 percent of the budgeted tax revenues, indicating the need for an in-depth review of the governance of the public banks and the funding of public sector activities. Finally, the paper estimates the impact of shocks to macroeconomic variables on loan portfolio quality and bank capital
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  • 70
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (43 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Bown, Chad P Emerging Economies, Trade Policy, and Macroeconomic Shocks
    Abstract: This paper estimates the impact of aggregate fluctuations on the time-varying trade policies of 13 major emerging economies over 1989-2010. By 2010, these World Trade Organization member countries collectively accounted for 21 percent of world merchandise imports and 22 percent of world gross domestic product. The paper examines determinants of carefully constructed, bilateral measures of new import restrictions on products arising through the temporary trade barrier (TTB) policies of antidumping, safeguards, and countervailing duties. The approach explicitly addresses changes to the institutional environment facing these emerging economies as they joined the WTO and adopted disciplines to restrain their application of other trade policies, such as applied import tariffs. The paper presents evidence of a counter-cyclical relationship between macroeconomic shocks and new TTB import restrictions in addition to an important role for fluctuations in bilateral real exchange rates. Furthermore, for the subset of major Group of 20 emerging economies, the trade policy responsiveness coinciding with WTO establishment in 1995 suggests a significant change relative to the pre-WTO period; i.e., new import restrictions became more counter-cyclical over time. Finally, the paper documents evidence on changes to some of these empirical relationships coinciding with the Great Recession
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (25 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Baez, Javier E Rural Households in a Changing Climate
    Abstract: This paper argues that climate change poses two distinct, if related, sets of challenges for poor rural households: challenges related to the increasing frequency and severity of weather shocks and challenges related to long-term shifts in temperature, rainfall patterns, water availability, and other environmental factors. Within this framework, the paper examines evidence from existing empirical literature to compose an initial picture of household-level strategies for adapting to climate change in rural settings. The authors find that although households possess numerous strategies for managing climate shocks and shifts, their adaptive capacity is insufficient for the task of maintaining-let alone improving-household welfare. They describe the role of public policy in fortifying the ability of rural households to adapt to a changing climate
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  • 72
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (51 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Khandker, Shahidur R Does Access to Finance Matter in Microenterprise Growth?
    Abstract: In less-developed economies such as Bangladesh, the farm sector is the major source of employment and income, while the rural nonfarm sector provides as an additional source of income. But the rural nonfarm sector increasingly plays an important role in fostering the development of the rural economy. A significant share of this sector is made up of microenterprise activities, which requires investment and access to adequate funds. This paper investigates the role access to finance plays in promoting the efficiency and growth of microenterprise activities. The findings suggest that households engaged in microenterprise activities, in addition to farm and other nonfarm activities, are much better off (in terms of income, expenditure and poverty) than those not engaged in such activities. Fewer than 10 percent of the enterprises have access to institutional finance (formal banks or microcredit), although the rate of return on microenterprise investments is more than sufficient (36 percent per year) to repay institutional loans. The research suggests that credit constraints may reduce the enterprises' profit margin by as much as 13.6 percent per year. As the returns to microenterprise investment are found to be high, microfinance institutions can play a larger role in supporting microenterprise growth in Bangladesh
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  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (38 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Michalopoulos, Constantine Trends in Developing Country Trade 1980-2010
    Abstract: This paper reviews trends and patterns in developing countries' trade from 1980 to 2010. During the 30-year span, world trade expanded rapidly, especially in developing countries in the last decade. A similar picture emerges in trade in services. These overall trends, however, mask different trade patterns during some of the time periods and among different developing countries and groups. For example, except for Asia, the 1980s were pretty much a "lost" decade for many developing countries and groups. But that changed in the 1990s and 2000s, with trade by all major developing countries growing faster than developed countries. From 1980 to 2000, trade by Least Developed Countries grew much more slowly than that of developing countries as a whole. But those countries saw the fastest growth in trade in the following decade. This strong overall trade performance-with some exceptions (for example Sub-Sahara Africa in the manufacturing trade)-raises questions about sustainability, trade policy and the architecture of the trading system
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  • 74
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (57 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Akresh, Richard Cash Transfers and Child Schooling
    Abstract: The authors conduct a randomized experiment in rural Burkina Faso to estimate the impact of alternative cash transfer delivery mechanisms on education. The two-year pilot program randomly distributed cash transfers that were either conditional or unconditional. Families under the conditional schemes were required to have their children ages 7-15 enrolled in school and attending classes regularly. There were no such requirements under the unconditional programs. The results indicate that unconditional and conditional cash transfer programs have a similar impact increasing the enrollment of children who are traditionally favored by parents for school participation, including boys, older children, and higher ability children. However, the conditional transfers are significantly more effective than the unconditional transfers in improving the enrollment of "marginal children" who are initially less likely to go to school, such as girls, younger children, and lower ability children. Thus, conditionality plays a critical role in benefiting children who are less likely to receive investments from their parents
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  • 75
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (61 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Van de Gaer, Dirk Children's Health Opportunities and Project Evaluation
    Abstract: This paper proposes a methodology to evaluate social projects from the perspective of children's opportunities on the basis of the effects of these projects on the distribution of outcomes. The evaluation is conditioned on characteristics for which individuals are not responsible; in this case, parental education level and indigenous background. The methodology is applied to evaluate the effects on children's health opportunities of Mexico's Oportunidades program, one of the largest conditional cash transfer programs for poor households in the world. The evidence from this program shows that gains in health opportunities for children from indigenous backgrounds are substantial and are situated in crucial parts of the distribution, whereas gains for children from nonindigenous backgrounds are more limited
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  • 76
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (23 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Arvis, Jean-François Integrating Gravity
    Abstract: This paper revisits the ubiquitous bi-proportional gravity model and investigates the reasons why different theoretical frameworks may lead to the same empirical formula. The generic gravity equation possesses scale invariance symmetries that constrain possible theoretical explanations based on optimal allocation principles, such as neoclassical or probabilistic frameworks. These constraints imply that a representative consumer's utilities must be separable, and that an entropy model is the only consistent maximum likelihood allocation of a matrix of flows between origin and destination. The paper explores the feasibility of wider classes of non-scale invariant gravity equations, where gravity is no longer bi-proportional by including nonlinear interactions between trade costs and fundamental country factors such as economic size. It shows that such extensions are feasible but that they do not result in a significant improvement in the explanatory power of the empirical analysis
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  • 77
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (43 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Duggan, Victor Service Sector Reform and Manufacturing Productivity
    Keywords: 1997-2009 ; Dienstleistungssektor ; Auslandsinvestition ; Produktivität ; Indonesien
    Abstract: This paper examines the extent to which policy restrictions on foreign direct investment in the Indonesian service sector affected the performance of manufacturers over the period 1997-2009. It uses firm-level data on manufacturers' total factor productivity and the OECD's foreign direct investment Regulatory Restrictiveness Index, combined with data from Indonesia's input-output tables regarding the intensity with which manufacturing sectors use services inputs. Controlling for firm-level fixed effects and other relevant policy indicators, it finds, first, that relaxing policies toward foreign direct investment in the service sector was associated with improvements in perceived performance of the service sector. Second, it finds that this relaxation in service sector foreign direct investment policies accounted for 8 percent of the observed increase in manufacturers' total factor productivity over the period. The total factor productivity gains accrue disproportionately to those firms that are relatively more productive, and that gains are related to the relaxation of restrictions in both the transport and electricity, gas, and water sectors. Total factor productivity gains are associated, in particular, with the relaxation of foreign equity limits, screening, and prior approval requirements, but less so with discriminatory regulations that prevent multinationals from hiring key personnel abroad
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (36 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Song, Fenghua Notes on Financial System Development and Political Intervention
    Abstract: The paper studies the impact of political intervention on a financial system that consists of banks and financial markets and develops over time. In this financial system, banks and markets exhibit three forms of interaction: they compete, they complement each other, and they co-evolve. Coevolution is generated by two new ingredients of financial system architecture relative to the existing theories: securitization and risk-sensitive bank capital. The authors show that securitization propagates banking advances to the financial market, permitting market evolution to be driven by bank evolution, and market advances are transmitted to banks through bank capital. Then they examine how politicians determine the nature of political intervention designed to expand credit availability. The authors find that political intervention in banking exhibits a U-shaped pattern, where it is most notable in the early stage of financial system development (through bank capital subsidy in exchange for state ownership of banks) and in the advanced stage (through direct lending regulation). Despite expanding credit access, political intervention results in an increase in financial system risk and does not contribute to financial system evolution. Numerous policy implications are drawn out
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  • 79
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (50 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Lanjouw, Peter Vietnam's Evolving Poverty Map
    Abstract: This paper uses small area estimation techniques to update Vietnam's province and district-level poverty map to 2009. It finds that poverty rates continue to be highest in the northern and central mountainous regions, where ethnic minorities make up a large fraction of the population. Poverty has fallen in most provinces and districts over this decade, but the pace of poverty reduction has been least pronounced in those localities with high initial poverty or inequality levels. As a result, poverty rates have become more spatially concentrated over time, which is consistent with widely observed growth processes linked to agglomeration. The authors hypothesize that this makes geographic targeting of the poor more relevant as a means to re-balance growing welfare disparities between geographic areas. Simulations indicate that in both 1999 and 2009, geographic targeting for poverty alleviation improves upon a uniform lump-sum transfer and this becomes more evident the more spatially disaggregated the target populations. The analysis further indicates that the gains from geographic targeting have become more pronounced over time in Vietnam. Although poverty reduction in Vietnam has been impressive, further progress may thus warrant increased attention to geographic targeting
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  • 80
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (39 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: De Melo, Jaime Preferential Market Access Design
    Abstract: Least developed countries rely on preferential market access. Proof of sufficient transformation has to be provided to customs in importing countries by meeting Rules of Origin requirements to benefit from these preferences. These Rules of Origin have turned out to be complicated and burdensome for exporters in the least developed countries. Starting around 2001, under the United States Africa Growth Opportunity Act, 22 African countries exporting apparel to the United States can use fabric from any origin (single transformation) and still meet the criterion for preferential access (the so-called Special Rule), while the European Union continued to require yarn to be woven into fabric and then made into apparel in the same country (double transformation). This paper uses panel estimates over 1996-2004 to exploit this quasi-experimental change in the design of preferences. The paper estimates that this simplification contributed to an increase in export volume of about 168 percent for the top seven beneficiaries or approximately four times as much as the 44 percent growth effect from the initial preference access under the Africa Growth Opportunity Act without the single transformation. This change in design also mattered for diversity in apparel exports, as the number of export varieties grew more rapidly under the Africa Growth Opportunity Act special regime
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  • 81
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (59 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Cameron, Lisa Impact Evaluation of a Large-Scale Rural Sanitation Project in Indonesia
    Abstract: Lack of sanitation and poor hygiene behavior cause a tremendous disease burden among the poor. This paper evaluates the impact of the Total Sanitation and Sanitation Marketing project in Indonesia, where about 11 percent of children have diarrhea in any two-week period and more than 33,000 children die each year from diarrhea. The evaluation utilizes a randomized controlled trial but is unusual in that the program was evaluated when implemented at scale across the province of rural East Java in a way that was designed to strengthen the enabling environment and so be sustainable. One hundred and sixty communities across eight rural districts participated, and approximately 2,100 households were interviewed before and after the intervention. The authors found that the project increased toilet construction by approximately 3 percentage points (a 31 percent increase in the rate of toilet construction). The changes were primarily among non-poor households that did not have access to sanitation at baseline. Open defecation among these households decreased by 6 percentage points (or 17 percent). Diarrhea prevalence was 30 percent lower in treatment communities than in control communities at endline (3.3 versus 4.6 percent). The analysis cannot rule out that the differences in drinking water and handwashing behavior drove the decline in diarrhea. Reductions in parasitic infestations and improvements in height and weight were found for the non-poor sample with no sanitation at baseline
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  • 82
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (27 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Allwine, Melanie The Unfairness of (Poverty) Targets
    Abstract: Adopted on September 8, 2000, the United Nations Millennium Declaration stated as its first goal that countries "...[further] resolve to halve, by the year 2015, the proportion of the world's people whose income is less than one dollar a day and the proportion of people who suffer from hunger..." Each country committed to achieve the stated goal, regardless of their initial conditions in terms of poverty and inequality levels. This paper presents a framework to quantify how much initial conditions affect poverty reduction, given a level of "effort" (growth). The framework used in the analysis allows for the growth elasticity of poverty to vary according to changes in the income distribution along the dynamic path of growth and redistribution, unlike previous examples in the literature where this is assumed to be constant. While wealthier countries did perform better in reducing poverty in the last decade and a half (1995-2008), assuming equal initial conditions, the situation reverses: the paper finds a statistically significant negative relation between initial average income and poverty reduction performance, with the poorest countries in the sample going from the worst to the best performers in poverty reduction. The analysis also quantifies how much poorer countries would have scored better, had they had the same level of initial average income as wealthier countries. The results suggest a remarkable change in poverty reduction performance, in addition to the reversal of ranks from worst to best performers. The application of this framework goes beyond poverty targets and the Millennium Development Goals. Given the widespread use of targets to determine resource allocation in education, health, or decentralized social expenditures, it constitutes a helpful tool to measure policy performance toward all kinds of goals. The proposed framework can be useful to evaluate the importance of initial conditions on outcomes, for a wide array of policies
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  • 83
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (48 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Croppenstedt, Andre Gender and Agriculture
    Abstract: Women make essential contributions to agriculture in developing countries, where they constitute approximately 43 percent of the agricultural labor force. However, female farmers typically have lower output per unit of land and are much less likely to be active in commercial farming than their male counterparts. These gender differences in land productivity and participation between male and female farmers are due to gender differences in access to inputs, resources, and services. In this paper, the authors review the evidence on productivity differences and access to resources. They discuss some of the reasons for these differences, such as differences in property rights, education, control over resources (e.g., land), access to inputs and services (e.g., fertilizer, extension, and credit), and social norms. Although women are less active in commercial farming and are largely excluded from contract farming, they often provide the bulk of wage labor in the nontraditional export sector. In general, gender gaps do not appear to fall systematically with growth, and they appear to rise with GDP per capita and with greater access to resources and inputs. Active policies that support women's access and participation, not just greater overall access, are essential if these gaps are to be closed. The gains in terms of greater productivity of land and overall production are likely to be large
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (29 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Ghani, Ejaz Urbanization and (In)Formalization
    Abstract: Two of the great stylized predictions of development theory, and two of the great expectations of policy makers as indicators of progress in development, are inexorable urbanization and inexorable formalization. Urbanization is indeed happening, beyond the "tipping point" where half the world's population is now urban. However, formalization has slowed down significantly in the past quarter century. Indeed, informality has been increasing. This disconnect raises a number of questions for development analysis and development policy. Is the link between urbanization and formalization more complex than what had been thought? What does this mean for policy? The first core section of this paper asks what exactly is meant by formality and informality. The second core section turns to processes of urbanization and asks how these processes intersect with and interact with the incentives to formalize. The paper examines why cities attract the informal sector and the role that urbanization plays in growth and job creation through both the formal and informal sectors. Cities generate agglomeration benefits in the informal sector, perhaps more so than for the formal sector. The third core section is devoted to policy. At the current conjuncture, agglomeration benefits make a strong case for urbanization as an integral part of development strategy, but concerns about jobless growth and about urban poverty require a focus on the informal sector
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  • 85
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (39 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Mayneris, Florian Chinese Firms' Entry to Export Markets
    Abstract: In this paper, the effect of proximity to multinational exporters on the creation of new export linkages (the extensive margin of trade) is debated. Using panel data from Chinese customs for 1997-2007, the capacity for Chinese domestic firms to begin exporting new varieties to new markets is shown to respond positively to the export activity of neighboring foreign firms. These spillovers are shown to be product and country specific. This conclusion is robust to fixed effects and instrumental variable specifications that control for both supply and demand shocks that could bias the estimations. The impact is sizable. The marginal impact of product-country-specific foreign export spillovers is five times as large as the effect of a 10 percent increase in the demand for the product in the destination country. Foreign export spillovers are also shown to be primarily limited to ordinary trade activities. Overall, our findings suggest that even for a country with an important cost-advantage such as China, there is room for initiatives from policy-makers that will diffuse best practices regarding export experience among exporters
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (27 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Cihák, Martin Rethinking the State's Role in Finance
    Abstract: The global financial crisis has given greater credence to the idea that active state involvement in the financial sector can be helpful for stability and development. There is now evidence that, for example, lending by state-owned banks has helped in mitigating the impact of the crisis on aggregate credit. But evidence also points to negative longer-term effects of direct interventions on resource allocation and quality of intermediation. This suggests a need to rebalance the state's roles from direct to less direct involvement, as the crisis subsides. The state does have very important roles, especially in providing well-defined regulations and enforcing them, ensuring healthy competition, and strengthening financial infrastructure. One of the crisis lessons is the importance of getting the basics right first: countries with complex but poorly enforced regulations suffered more during the global crisis. Evidence also suggests that instead of restricting competition, the state needs to encourage contestability through healthy entry of well-capitalized institutions and timely exit of insolvent ones. There is also new evidence that supports the state's key role in promoting transparency of information and reducing counterparty risk. The challenge of financial sector policies is to better align private incentives with public interest, without taxing or subsidizing private risk-taking
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  • 87
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (43 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Kandpal, Eeshani Measuring the Effect of a Community-Level Program on Women's Empowerment Outcomes
    Abstract: This paper uses primary data from rural north India to show that participation in a community-level female empowerment program significantly increases access to employment, physical mobility, and political participation. The program provides support groups, literacy camps, adult education classes, and vocational training for rural women in several states of India; the data are from Uttarakhand. The paper uses instrumental variables and truncation-corrected matching on primary data to disentangle the program's mechanisms, separately considering its effect on women who work, and those who do not work but whose reservation wage is increased by participation. The analysis also finds significant spillover effects on non-participants relative to women in untreated districts. It finds consistent estimates for average treatment and intent to treat effects
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  • 88
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (65 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Cho, Yoonyoung Entrepreneurship Programs in Developing Countries
    Abstract: This paper provides a synthetic and systematic review on the effectiveness of various entrepreneurship programs in developing countries. It adopts a meta-regression analysis using 37 impact evaluation studies that were in the public domain by March 2012, and draws out several lessons on the design of the programs. The paper observes wide variation in program effectiveness across different interventions depending on outcomes, types of beneficiaries, and country context. Overall, entrepreneurship programs have a positive and large impact for youth and on business knowledge and practice, but no immediate translation into business set-up and expansion or increased income. At a disaggregate level by outcome groups, providing a package of training and financing is more effective for labor activities. In addition, financing support appears more effective for women and business training for existing entrepreneurs than other interventions to improve business performance
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  • 89
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Cattaneo, O Joining, Upgrading and Being Competitive in Global Value Chains
    Abstract: In recent years, global value chains have played an increasing role in business strategies, profoundly affecting international trade and development paradigms. Global value chains now represent a major source of socio-upgrading opportunities and a new path for development. Trade, competitiveness and development policies should be reshaped accordingly to seize these opportunities and avoid the risks associated with greater participation in global value chains. This paper provides a framework and analytical tools for measuring and improving a country's performance with respect to participation in global value chains. With a clear operational focus, it provides guidance for countries willing to join, maintain participation, and/or move up global value chains. With the ultimate objective to increase the value (the development content) for trade, it also offers strategies to maximize the benefits and minimize the risks of developing countries' participation in global value chains
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (50 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Jacoby, Hanan G Food Prices, Wages, and Welfare in Rural India
    Abstract: This paper considers the welfare and distributional consequences of higher relative food prices in rural India through the lens of a specific-factors, general equilibrium, trade model applied at the district level. The evidence shows that nominal wages for manual labor both within and outside agriculture respond elastically to increases in producer prices; that is, wages rose faster in rural districts growing more of those crops with large price run-ups over 2004-09. Accounting for such wage gains, the analysis finds that rural households across the income spectrum benefit from higher agricultural commodity prices. Indeed, rural wage adjustment appears to play a much greater role in protecting the welfare of the poor than the Public Distribution System, India's giant food-rationing scheme. Moreover, policies, like agricultural export bans, which insulate producers (as well as consumers) from international price increases, are particularly harmful to the poor of rural India. Conventional welfare analyses that assume fixed wages and focus on households' net sales position lead to radically different conclusions
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  • 91
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (45 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Fernandes, Ana M Export Entrepreneurship and Trade Structure in Latin America during Good and Bad Times
    Abstract: The authors use a new dataset on export transactions for a large set of Latin American and Caribbean and comparator countries to assess the extent of "export entrepreneurship" during periods of fast export growth (2005-2007) and depressed external demand (2008-2009). Export entrepreneurship is equated with the extensive margin of exports, namely the advent of new exporting firms, new export products, and new export market destinations. The main findings are: (1) annual exporter entry, exit, and survival rates in Latin America and the Caribbean are quite similar to what is observed in other countries, and entry rates across sectors are quite similar but survival rates appear to be highest in agriculture; (2) the relative size of entrants into export markets (relative to incumbents) tended to be lower for natural resource-abundant countries during 2005-2007, but less so during the crisis years of 2008-2009; (3) entry rates tend to be lower in sectors in which a country has revealed comparative advantage, however, exit rates and survival rates of new exporters are higher in those sectors; and (4) the low growth of exports during the global recession of 2008-2009 in Latin America and the Caribbean was due to lower growth in exports of incumbent firms' pre-existing products and destinations, while new products and destinations tended to attenuate the recession's effects. Overall, the data suggest that the Latin American and Caribbean region appears to be no less entrepreneurial in terms of the extensive margins of exports than comparator countries
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  • 92
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (21 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Vogt-Schilb, Adrien Should Marginal Abatement Costs Differ across Sectors?
    Abstract: The optimal timing, sectoral distribution, and cost of greenhouse gas emission reductions is different when abatement is obtained though abatement expenditures chosen along an abatement cost curve, or through investment in low-carbon capital. In the latter framework, optimal investment costs differ in each sector: they are equal to the value of avoided carbon emissions, minus the value of the forgone option to invest later. It is therefore misleading to assess the cost-efficiency of investments in low-carbon capital by comparing levelized abatement costs, that is, efforts measured as the ratio of investment costs to discounted abatement. The equimarginal principle applies to an accounting value: the Marginal Implicit Rental Cost of the Capital (MIRCC) used to abate. Two apparently opposite views are reconciled. On the one hand, higher efforts are justified in sectors that will take longer to decarbonize, such as urban planning; on the other hand, the MIRCC should be equal to the carbon price at each point in time and in all sectors. Equalizing the MIRCC in each sector to the social cost of carbon is a necessary condition to reach the optimal pathway, but it is not a sufficient condition. Decentralized optimal investment decisions at the sector level require not only the information contained in the carbon price signal, but also knowledge of the date when the sector reaches its full abatement potential
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  • 93
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (47 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Demirguc-Kunt, Asli Financial Inclusion and Legal Discrimination against Women
    Abstract: This paper documents and analyzes gender differences in the use of financial services using individual-level data from 98 developing countries. The data, drawn from the Global Financial Inclusion (Global Findex) database, highlight the existence of significant gender gaps in ownership of accounts and usage of savings and credit products. Even after controlling for a host of individual characteristics including income, education, employment status, rural residency and age, gender remains significantly related to usage of financial services. This study also finds that legal discrimination against women and gender norms may explain some of the cross-country variation in access to finance for women. The analysis finds that in countries where women face legal restrictions in their ability to work, head a household, choose where to live, and receive inheritance, women are less likely to own an account, relative to men, as well as to save and borrow. The results also confirm that manifestations of gender norms, such as the level of violence against women and the incidence of early marriage for women, contribute to explaining the variation in the use of financial services between men and women, after controlling for other individual and country characteristics
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (42 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Fukase, Emiko Foreign Job Opportunities and Internal Migration in Vietnam
    Keywords: Multinationales Unternehmen ; Binnenwanderung ; Regionale Arbeitsmobilität ; Vietnam
    Abstract: This paper investigates the role of employment opportunities created by foreign-owned firms as a determinant of internal migration and destination choice using the Vietnam Migration Survey 2004 and the Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey 2004. Multinomial logit and conditional logit models are estimated to study both origin and destination-specific characteristics of migrants. The paper finds that the migration response to foreign job opportunities is larger for female workers than male workers; there appears to be intermediate selection in terms of educational attainment; and migrating individuals on average tend to go to destinations with higher foreign employment opportunities, even controlling for income differentials, land differentials, and distances between sending and receiving areas
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  • 95
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (46 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Winkler, Deborah Potential and Actual FDI Spillovers in Global Value Chains
    Abstract: Using newly collected survey data on direct supplier-multinational linkages in Chile, Ghana, Kenya, Lesotho, Mozambique, Swaziland, and Vietnam, this paper first evaluates whether foreign investors differ from domestic producers in terms of their potential to generate positive spillovers for local suppliers. It finds that foreign firms outperform domestic producers on several indicators, but have fewer linkages with the local economy and offer less supplier assistance, resulting in offsetting effects on the spillover potential. The paper also studies the relationship between foreign investor characteristics and linkages with the local economy as well as assistance extended to local suppliers. It finds that foreign investor characteristics matter for both. The paper also examines the role of suppliers' absorptive capacities in determining the intensity of their linkages with multinationals. The results indicate that several supplier characteristics matter, but these effects also depend on the length of the supplier relationship. Finally, the paper assesses whether assistance or requirements from a multinational influence spillovers on suppliers. The results confirm the existence of positive effects of assistance (including technical audits, joint product development, and technology licensing) on foreign direct investment spillovers, while the analysis finds no evidence of demand effects
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (19 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: McKenzie, David Eliciting Illegal Migration Rates through List Randomization
    Abstract: Most migration surveys do not ask about the legal status of migrants due to concerns about the sensitivity of this question. List randomization is a technique that has been used in a number of other social science applications to elicit sensitive information. This paper trials this technique by adding it to surveys conducted in Ethiopia, Mexico, Morocco, and the Philippines. It shows how, in principal, this can be used both to give an estimate of the overall rate of illegal migration in the population being surveyed, as well as to determine illegal migration rates for subgroups such as more or less educated households. The results suggest that there is some useful information in this method: higher rates of illegal migration in countries where illegal migration is thought to be more prevalent and households who say they have a migrant are more likely to report having an illegal migrant. Nevertheless, some of the other findings also suggest some possible inconsistencies or noise in the conclusions obtained using this method. The authors suggest directions for future attempts to implement this approach in migration surveys
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: McCourt, Willy Models of Public Service Reform
    Abstract: This paper identifies six models of public service reform that have been practiced in developing countries over the past half-century. It critically reviews their implementation, discussing them as attempted solutions to problems that have arisen in the policy process in different countries. The models are: public administration; decentralization; pay and employment reform; New Public Management; integrity and corruption reforms; and "bottom-up" reforms. The paper seeks an explanation for their disappointing performance in the political economy of reform, with an emphasis on how learning from failure can be the paradoxical foundation of future success
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  • 98
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (34 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Framstad, Nils Christian Energy Intensive Infrastructure Investments with Retrofits in Continuous Time
    Abstract: Energy-intensive infrastructure may tie up fossil energy use and carbon emissions for a long time after investments, making the structure of such investments crucial for society. Much or most of the resulting carbon emissions can often be eliminated later, through a costly retrofit. This paper studies the simultaneous decision to invest in such infrastructure, and retrofit it later, in a model where future climate damages are uncertain and follow a geometric Brownian motion process with positive drift. It shows that greater uncertainty about climate cost (for given unconditional expected costs) then delays the retrofit decision by increasing the option value of waiting to invest. Higher energy intensity is also chosen for the initial infrastructure when uncertainty is greater. These decisions are efficient given that energy and carbon prices facing the decision maker are (globally) correct, but inefficient when they are lower, which is more typical. Greater uncertainty about future climate costs will then further increase lifetime carbon emissions from the infrastructure, related both to initial investments, and to too infrequent retrofits when this emissions level is already too high. An initially excessive climate gas emissions level is then likely to be worsened when volatility increases
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 99
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (35 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Cusolito, Ana Paula Trade Policy Barriers
    Abstract: Despite trade liberalization efforts made by Eurasian countries, the export structure of the region shows significant levels of concentration across export destinations. To shed light on this observation, this research analyzes trade policy barriers in Eurasia, East Asia and the Pacific, and the European Union. Using the most recent data from sources including the World Trade Organization, the United Nations, and the World Bank-including the Overall Trade Restrictiveness Indices, the Services Trade Restrictions Database, and the Temporary Trade Barriers Database-the role of tariffs, non-tariff measures, temporary trade barriers, trade agreements, and trade barriers in services are explored to explain the lack of diversification by destination. Several conclusions can be drawn from the analysis. First, China, Korea, and Japan, as well as the European Union, impose high levels of protection on products of animal origin, which may explain the lack of Eurasian export diversification toward the East Asia and the Pacific and the European Union regions. It also highlights the potential benefits of diversifying the structure of production in Eurasia toward more sophisticated and technologically intensive goods. Second, the East Asia and the Pacific region (especially China) appears to be more protectionist than the European Union, suggesting a greater challenge for Eurasian countries in diversifying exports to the destination. And third, few or no regional trade agreements exist between Eurasian countries and countries in the European Union or East Asia and the Pacific
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  • 100
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (31 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Fofack, Hippolyte A Model of Gendered Production in Colonial Africa and Implications for Development in the Post-Colonial Period
    Abstract: This paper proposes a model to analyze the implications of colonial policies for gender inequality in Sub-Saharan Africa. The model emphasizes segmentation of production under complete specialization. It shows that the colonial production model, underpinned by occupational job segregation in the agricultural sector and gender bias in the non-agricultural sector, exacerbated gender inequality by limiting employment opportunities for women outside the realm of home production and subsistence agriculture. Over the past few decades, the resilience of parameters underlying these models of colonial production has heightened the risks of macroeconomic volatility in the region, especially where the structural transformation from low to high-value-added activities has remained elusive
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