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  • 2000-2004  (53)
  • 2003  (53)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (53)
  • Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften
  • Social Issues/Migration/Health  (53)
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  • 2000-2004  (53)
Year
Publisher
Subjects(RVK)
  • 1
    ISBN: 9789264258242
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transforming Disability into Ability; Policies to Promote Work and Income Security for Disabled People
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transforming Disability into Ability: Policies to Promote Work and Income Security for Disabled People
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Behindertenpolitik ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage présente une analyse d'un large éventail de programmes du marché du travail et de protection sociale destinés aux personnes handicapées. En explorant la relation entre les politiques et leurs résultats pour vingt pays de l'OCDE, il permet au lecteur de mieux appréhender d’une part les problèmes que pose la politique de l'invalidité et d’autre part les éléments ou combinaisons d'éléments qui font qu’une politique est efficace. Enfin, le rapport conclut qu'une approche nouvelle et prometteuse de la politique de l'invalidité consisterait à s’inspirer davantage de la logique appliquée pour les régimes de chômage, c'est-à-dire : - mettre l'accent sur l'activation ; - promouvoir une intervention précoce individualisée ; - éliminer les contre-incitations au travail ; - instaurer une culture d'obligations mutuelles ; et impliquer les employeurs. Le rapport constate d'ailleurs que les politiques de nombreux pays comportent déjà certains des éléments importants de cette nouvelle approche.
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789264101234
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (332 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Emerging Risks in the 21st Century; An Agenda for Action
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Emerging Risks in the 21st Century: An Agenda for Action
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage explore les répercussions de l’évolution des grands risques depuis ces dernières années sur l’économie et la société du XXIe siècle en matière de catastrophes naturelles, maladies nouvelles, attentats terroristes et perturbations majeures d’infrastructures essentielles en s’intéressant à un éventuel accroissement de la vulnérabilité des grands systèmes. Cette publication privilégie cinq grands groupes de risques : les catastrophes naturelles, les accidents technologiques, les maladies infectieuses, la sécurité alimentaire et le terrorisme. Il propose aux pouvoirs publics et au secteur privé un certain nombre de recommandations susceptibles d’améliorer la gestion des risques systémiques émergents.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264102958
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Combattre le travail des enfants ; un bilan des politiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Combattre le travail des enfants : un bilan des politiques
    RVK:
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Kinderarbeit
    Abstract: Despite progressive ratification of international conventions on that issue, 23% of the world’s children aged 10-14 are at work. This important book seeks to answer fundamental questions about the phenomenon’s economic causes, the working conditions children endure, and implications of their labour for the economic outlook of the countries concerned. It moreover examines the effectiveness of various policies implemented to combat child labour and the beneficial effects such policies can have on economic development.
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9789264105393
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Foodborne Disease in OECD Countries; Present State and Economic Costs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Foodborne Disease in OECD Countries: Present State and Economic Costs
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Lebensmittelinfektion ; Pathogener Mikroorganismus ; Soziale Kosten
    Abstract: Bien que la situation se soit améliorée dans de nombreux domaines, les maladies dues à une contamination microbiologique ou chimique des aliments demeurent un problème de santé publique d'ampleur croissante, selon l'Organisation mondiale de la santé. Les coûts économiques des maladies d'origine alimentaire représentent un fardeau économique conséquent pour les consommateurs, l'industrie agroalimentaire et les pouvoirs publics. Cette étude examine l’incidence et les coûts économiques des maladies d’origine alimentaire. Il faut approfondir les travaux déjà menés et améliorer les approches interdisciplinaires afin de mieux comprendre ces questions de santé publique et leurs conséquences économiques. Cela permettra également aux responsables de la santé publique de concevoir des stratégies de prévention propres à diminuer les risques.
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9789264104211
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Babies and Bosses - Reconciling Work and Family Life (Volume 2); Austria, Ireland and Japan
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Babies and Bosses - Reconciling Work and Family Life (Volume 2): Austria, Ireland and Japan
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Austria ; Ireland ; Japan ; Berufstätigkeit ; Kind ; Erziehung ; Familienleben ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Élever ses enfants et avoir une carrière professionnelle sont deux objectifs très importants dans la vie de la plupart des gens. Il est donc fondamental pour nos sociétés d’aider les parents à réaliser ces deux objectifs. En effet, l’attention des parents joue un rôle déterminant dans le développement des enfants et l’emploi des parents contribue à la prospérité économique d’un pays. Le déclin du nombre des enfants aura bien évidemment aussi des conséquences sur la constitution et la forme de nos sociétés futures. Ce volume présente un certain nombre de réformes politiques notamment des systèmes de fiscalité/prestations, les politiques de gestion des systèmes de garde des enfants, ainsi que les politiques de l’emploi et les pratiques des entreprises au regard de l’emploi parental qui pourraient être mises en place pour réconcilier travail et famille en Autriche, en Irlande et au Japon.
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264100053
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (368 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Health Policy ; Health Services for the Aged economics ; Medical care Quality control ; Medical economics ; Medical policy ; Medical technology ; Older people Medical care ; Economic aspects ; Quality of Health Care ; Technology, Medical ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Gesundheitswesen ; Vergleich
    Abstract: What approach to treating certain ageing-related diseases works best and at what cost? That is, what combination of health care system characteristics, prevention, detection, technology and treatment, is the most cost-effective? The OECD Ageing-Related Diseases study investigated how health systems treat three diseases: ischemic heart disease, stroke and breast cancer. This book includes papers discussing the results of the OECD study with essays by leading experts, and uses a disease-based approach to comparing health-systems.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264102965
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Combating Child Labour; A Review of Policies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Combating Child Labour: A Review of Policies
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Kinderarbeit ; Bekämpfung ; Internationale Organisation
    Abstract: La persistance du travail des enfants suscite un émoi considérable dans l’opinion publique. Malgré l’accroissement du nombre de ratifications de conventions internationales sur l’abolition du travail des enfants, 23 % des enfants âgés de 10 à 14 ans dans le monde continuent à travailler. Mais pourquoi les enfants doivent-ils encore travailler ? Et dans quelles conditions ? Quelles sont les implications du travail des enfants sur le développement à venir des pays concernés ? Quelles sont les meilleures politiques pour combattre le travail des enfants et comment peuvent-elles favoriser le développement économique ? Cet ouvrage essaye de répondre à ces questions. Après avoir mis en évidence la réalité du travail des enfants dans le monde, cette étude analyse les causes économiques de ce problème et l’efficacité des différents dispositifs et mesures mis en œuvre pour le combattre.
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264018815
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Social Issues in the Provision and Pricing of Water Services
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Wasserversorgung ; Preisentwicklung ; Soziale Situation
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage examine les liens entre les aspects environnementaux et sociaux des politiques de tarification de l’eau dans les pays de l’OCDE. Il met l’accent sur l’accessibilité financière des services et sur les mesures sociales visant à résoudre les problèmes qu’elle soulève. Il examine les mesures de protection sociale et environnementale prévues dans le cadre de différents régimes de propriété et modes de gestion des compagnies des eaux. Sur la base d’une étude de cas concernant le Mexique, il traite des problèmes sociaux posés par la transition entre un niveau de services donné et un autre.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264299443
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Beyond Rhetoric; Adult Learning Policies and Practices
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Beyond Rhetoric: Adult Learning Policies and Practices
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Bildungspolitik ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Berufliche Fortbildung ; Qualifikation ; Förderung
    Abstract: S'inspirant de l'expérience de neuf pays de l'OCDE -- le Canada, le Danemark, l'Espagne, la Finlande, la Norvège, le Portugal, le Royaume-Uni (Angleterre), la Suède et la Suisse --, cette publication a pour objet de repérer ce qui fonctionne en matière de formation pour adultes. Les caractéristiques souhaitables d'un système de formation pour adultes sont définies et les divers moyens de motiver les adultes à apprendre sont examinés, ainsi que les méthodes susceptibles de fournir les services adéquats. Cet ouvrage sera indispensable aux décideurs et à tous ceux qui s'emploient à former des adultes.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264105751
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Keywords: Alternde Bevölkerung ; Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Spanien ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Spain
    Abstract: This report, part of a series covering around 20 OECD countries, contains a survey of Spain's main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers, and a set of policy recommendations to further action by public authorities and social partners. These recommendations are designed to alleviate some of the pension and health care pressures governments are facing because of ageing populations.
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  • 11
    ISBN: 9789264199545
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (340 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le secteur à but non lucratif dans une économie en mutation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. El sector sin fines de lucro en una economía cambiante
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Recent socio-economic trends, welfare state reform; the emergence of civil society and democracy have highlighted the growing significance of the non-profit sector – a sector between state and market – often associated with concepts such as ‘social economy’, ‘third sector’, ‘voluntary sector’, ‘third system’, ‘independent sector’ and, more recently, ‘social entrepreneurship’. This sector is facing a number of crucial new challenges such as management quality whilst both maintaining the sector's unique social dimension and fostering social innovation. Drawing on contributions from leading experts and academics, this report provides ground-breaking assessment of new trends; reviews the significant non-profit sector developments in EU countries, the US; Canada; Mexico and Australia; and provides tools on how to finance, monitor and evaluate the sector. This book, supported by statistical data, is for policy makers, practitioners, academics and the corporate sector.
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9789264101227
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (292 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les risques émergents au XXIe siècle ; Vers un programme d'action
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les risques émergents au XXIe siècle : Vers un programme d'action
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: The 21st Century has so far witnessed a host of large-scale disasters in various parts of the world including: windstorms, flooding, new diseases infesting both humans and animals, terrorist attacks and major disruptions to critical infrastructures. It is not just the nature of major risks that seems to be changing, but also the context in which risks are evolving as well as society’s capacity to manage them. This book explores the implications of these developments for economy and society in the 21st century, focussing in particular on the potentially significant increase in the vulnerability of major systems. It concentrates on five large risk clusters: natural disasters, technological accidents, infectious diseases, food safety and terrorism, identifies the challenges facing OECD countries and sets out recommendations for governments and the private sector as to how the management of emerging systemic risks might be improved.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 61 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.58
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany
    Abstract: This paper follows the framework developed in past OECD studies for analysis of social assistance programmes that aim to provide low-income clients with adequate financial support while simultaneously promoting their reintegration into labour market and, where necessary, mainstream society. Increasingly, jobless citizens in Germany rely on social assistance: a role for which the programme was never intended. Indeed, there are two other programmes that serve the unemployed in Germany, and this paper discusses social assistance in the context of its relationship to Unemployment Insurance and Assistance benefits. First, this study provides a concise overview of Germany’s public social system, and discusses federal relations inasmuch they have a bearing on the delivery of public assistance benefits. The study discusses the nature of benefits available to social assistance clients in general, and related support measures for particular client-groups, for example, lone parent families ...
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  • 14
    Language: English
    Pages: 40 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.1
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Denmark ; Sweden
    Abstract: Parental leave mandates are associated with high female employment rates, but with reductions in relative female wages if leave is of extended durations. If fathers were given longer periods of leave, would it shorten the career breaks of women? We analyze the impact of family policies of Denmark and Sweden on women’s career breaks due to childbirth. These countries are culturally similar and share the same type of welfare state ideology, but differ remarkably in pursued family policies. Compared to Denmark, leave provisions in Sweden are more generous in terms of both duration and payment rates, and allow for flexible use until the child is 8 years old. In both countries childcare coverage rates are high, but very young (age 0-2) Danish children are more likely to be in day-care than in Sweden. This setting provides us with a fruitful point of departure to analyze explicitly the effects of different family policy regimes on job retention of Danish and Swedish mothers. Our ...
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 99 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.9
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This study presents a broad overview of health-system reforms in OECD countries over the past several decades. Reforms are assessed according to their impact on the following policy goals: ensuring access to needed health-care services; improving the quality of health care and its outcomes; allocating an “appropriate” level of pubic sector and economy-wide resources to health care (macroeconomic efficiency); and ensuring that services are provided in a cost-efficient and cost-effective manner (microeconomic efficiency).While nearly all OECD countries have achieved universal coverage of health-care risks, initiatives to address persistent disparities in access are now being undertaken in a number of countries. In light of new evidence of serious problems with health-care quality, many countries have recently introduced reforms intended to improve this, but it is too soon to generalise as to the relative effects of alternative approaches. A variety of instruments aimed at ...This paper is also published under OECD Economics Department Working Papers Series.
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264299542
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (284 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Développement économique et création d'emplois locaux (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Non-profit Sector in a Changing Economy
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. El sector sin fines de lucro en una economía cambiante
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Qu’il s’agisse de la pression économique grandissante, de la réforme de l’État-providence, de l’essor de la société civile ou de la démocratie participative, les récentes tendances socio-économiques ont souligné l’importance croissante du secteur à but non lucratif dans les pays de l’OCDE. Ce secteur a été confronté à un nombre important de nouveaux défis. Parmi eux figure la volonté d’introduire des critères de management rigoureux tout en conservant d’une part la dimension sociale propre au secteur et en stimulant, d’autre part, l’innovation sociale. Ce rapport offre un bilan détaillé des nouveaux développements les plus importants dans les pays de l’Union européenne, aux États-Unis, au Canada, au Mexique et en Australie. Il propose également une étude minutieuse des outils et méthodes utilisés pour financer et évaluer ce secteur d’activités sociales et économiques. Cet ouvrage est destiné aux décideurs et chercheurs dans le secteur des entreprises.
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 80 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.4
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This paper presents an overview of child labour in Africa. It discusses the incidence and nature of child labour, possible causes, and actual and potential policy instruments. It answers some questions and raises others. Africa has the highest incidence of child labour in the world. While child labour has been declining in Asia and Latin America, economic decline, war, famine and HIV/AIDS have combined to prevent this in Africa. Contrary to the popular image of child labour in factories managed by Dickensian employers, the overwhelming majority of working children in Africa are employed on household-run farms and enterprises. Recent theoretical and policy-level discussion has neglected to recognise the implications of this fact. Thus, for example, considerable attention has been dedicated to consideration of the impact on child labour of minimum wages or trade sanctions when, given the nature of work performed by most children in Africa (and, indeed, by the majority in other ...
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  • 18
    Language: English
    Pages: 75 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.7
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Waiting times for elective surgery are a significant health policy concern in approximately half of all OECD countries. The main objectives of the OECD Waiting Times project were to: i) review policy initiatives to reduce waiting times in 12 OECD countries; and ii) to investigate the causes of variations in waiting times for non-emergency surgery across countries. The first objective was addressed in an earlier report (Hurst and Siciliani, 2003; OECD Health Working paper, n.6). This report is devoted to the second objective. An interesting feature of OECD countries is that while some countries report significant waiting, others do not. Waiting times are a serious health policy issue in the 12 countries involved in this project (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom). Waiting times are not recorded administratively in a second group of countries ...
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  • 19
    Language: English
    Pages: 106 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.12
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Three main elements characterise the notion of sustainable development: first, a broad view of human well-being, in which environmental and social elements are important as well as economic ones; second, the view that many of the effects of today's decisions will last over time, thereby affecting the well-being of future generations; third, the view that many of today's problems have their roots in actions and policies in other fields, whose unintended consequences may not be coherent with society's broader priorities and aspirations. While particularly relevant in the environment field, Chapter 1 argues that these notions also permeate analysis of a large range of social concerns. This is so in particular because of their intergenerational dimension. Social problems affecting individuals in a given phase of their life-course often influence their opportunities at a later phase, as well as those of their offspring. Most social programmes also represent a form of intergenerational ...
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  • 20
    Language: English
    Pages: 103 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.5
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The Ageing-Related Diseases study compares health care systems by examining treatment trends and health outcomes on a disease-by-disease basis. Most of the day-to-day decisions that determine health care system performance are made in treating specific diseases. Therefore, the ARD’s bottom-up approach to comparing health care system performance at the disease level, rather than the more common top-down approach, goes to the heart of health care system performance. This paper presents such an analysis for stroke. There is considerable variation in treatment trends for the same diseases across countries and much of this variation can be explained by differences in structural characteristics of health care systems. A diseaselevel analysis begins with an examination of these characteristics: the economic incentives, policies and regulations that affect individual providers’ decisions for treating a specific disease, defining a particular health care system’s approach. In order ...
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  • 21
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.4
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Policy-makers responsible for publicly-funded drug programmes face continual pressures between the demand to accommodate a steady stream of new and more effective drugs and the ongoing requirement to control costs. In the face of these pressures, a growing number of OECD countries are applying ‘pharmacoeconomic assessment’ (health technology assessment for drugs) - to new drugs to guide decisions about accepting such products for reimbursement under their public programme, or to inform negotiations about pricing. This paper provides an analytical overview of the developing practice of pharmacoeconomic assessment in eleven OECD countries. It looks at the objectives of the activity, some of its processes and some of its impacts. It does this by drawing on a literature review and on an exploratory survey of the activities of pharmacoeconomic agencies in the eleven countries. It also reviews briefly the state of pharmacoeconomic assessment in the United States. The main conclusions are as ...
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 89 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.5
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The International Labour Organization (ILO) estimates that 19% of children aged 5-14 in Asia and the Pacific are economically active (ILO, 2002). These 127.3 million children constitute 60% of all child labourers worldwide. The aim of this study is to better understand child labour in South Asia through in-depth case studies of the child labour experience in three countries: Nepal, Pakistan, and Vietnam. Several themes about child labour emerge in examining data from these three countries. First, any discussion of child labour needs to consider wage work as well as unpaid work including household production activities. Children who work in one type of activity are more likely to work in other activities as well. Thus, focusing on only one aspect of child employment seriously understates child labour supply. Second, there is some evidence of important substitutions of child and adult labour across different household activities that may be very costly for the welfare of the ...
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 64 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.15
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Fertility rates have declined in most OECD countries to levels that are well below those needed to secure generation replacement. While attitudes towards this decline in fertility rates differ across countries, several OECD governments have introduced — or are considering — specific measures aimed at countering it. Such measures are often justified by government’s wish of either reducing some of the negative consequences of population ageing for society as a whole, or of removing obstacles that discourage those women wishing to have more children from doing so, because of the negative economic consequences of childbearing and of the length of the associated responsibilities. This paper provides a comparative overview of the evidence about the size, timing and nature of this decline in fertility rate across “mature” OECD countries, and about the effects of different measures introduced to deal with it. The first chapter of this paper reviews a range of indicators of the fertility ...
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 126 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.2
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: There is growing interest in the potential for preventive interventions to improve average health status in OECD countries and to tackle remaining health inequalities. The interest is in a wide range of interventions spanning not only health services but also measures to influence behaviour and lifestyles and action to improve the contribution of the social, economic and physical environments to health. These interventions are referred to in this paper as examples of a government’s ‘population health investment’effort. The paper notes the evidence on trends in health and health inequalities in OECD countries and reviews the general case for population health investments and the evidence on the effectiveness of selected interventions. It focuses on population health investment strategies and institutions in five member countries: Australia, Canada, Korea, Sweden and Switzerland. In particular, it reviews the methods of financing population health investments and levels of ...
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264299481
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE des systèmes de santé
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Health Care Systems; Korea 2003
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: Comment faire pour améliorer la performance du système de santé coréen ? Y a-t-il eu des changements sur ce plan à la suite des réformes du secteur de la santé mises en œuvre en juillet 2000 ? Comment préserver une certaine équité en matière de financement et d’accès aux soins dans un système où les dépenses de santé sont, dans une large mesure, laissées à la responsabilité des usagers ? Sous quelle forme et par quels moyens le gouvernement doit-il intervenir pour accroître la rationalité financière de dépenses de santé en hausse ? Comment peut-il favoriser le recours à la médecine factuelle dans un système où le secteur privé est dominant ? Peut-on compter sur la responsabilité des usagers pour éviter une explosion des dépenses de santé ? Telles sont, entre autres, les questions abordées dans cet ouvrage qui cherche à élucider les enjeux de santé publique et la politique à mener dans un système mixte public-privé.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 62 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.13
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Netherlands
    Abstract: OECD countries are increasingly interested in structuring government organisation and the financing of job brokerage and employment reintegration services to use market forces. In the Netherlands, the introduction of market mechanisms has been part of a search for a more coherent benefits and activation system. The former Public Employment Service has been split up into a basic employment service provider (Centre for Work and Income) which remains public, and a privatised reintegration services company, which competes with other commercial entities for contracts to promote return to work. Since a large number of municipalities are looking to buy employment services for their social assistance clients in the Netherlands, a quasi-market for reintegration services has emerged, with many purchasers and providers. However, the purchasers use a variety of tendering methods and parts of the market suffer from a lack of transparency. Following the outcome of a tender round held in 2000, in 2001 ...
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264100206
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: DAC Guidelines and Reference Series
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Pauvreté et santé
    Keywords: Armut ; Bekämpfung ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Medizinische Versorgung ; Grundbedürfnis ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Entwicklungsländer
    Abstract: Investment in health is a strategically important and often underestimated component of economic development. This study sets out a systematic approach to improving health in poor countries. For emerging countries, substantially improved health outcomes are a prerequisite to breaking out of the poverty cycle. This book on poverty and health, jointly published by the OECD and WHO, sets out the essential components of a broad-scope “pro-poor” health approach for action within the health system and beyond it. It is for development practitioners in the area of health issues.
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  • 28
    Language: English
    Pages: 30 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.14
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada
    Abstract: Decentralization looms large in any analysis of Canadian economic and social policy. This trend has been especially pronounced in the area of unemployment insurance (UI) and social assistance (SA) programmes. Provinces now manage SA programmes and retain 100% of any cost savings that they achieve, while the Federal government maintains full responsibility for the passive component of UI. Under a series of provincial-federal Labour Market Development Agreements, since 1997 most of Canada's provinces have taken over administrative responsibility for the employment benefit and support measures (EBSMs) targeted on UI beneficiaries. A number of articles have examined the implications for provincial SA systems of restrictive measures in the UI programme. This paper examines the possibility that provinces may shift actual and potential SA clients onto the insurance system (now called employment insurance, EI). It concludes that within the context of EBSMs, any cost-shifting of this ...
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  • 29
    Language: English
    Pages: 28 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.7
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United States
    Abstract: Although new mothers are more likely than ever to be in the labour force, the time around childbirth is a dynamic one, with women quitting work altogether or changing jobs to accommodate the demands of their infants. The passage of Family and Medical Leave legislation during the 1980s and early 1990s may have altered incentives for employment among mothers of young children. This paper will examine whether the FMLA or prior state-legislated leave packages were associated with changes in the continuity of employment for mothers following childbirth, changes in return to their previous employer, and changes in their post-return versus pre-return earnings. Data come from the 1984-1997 waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and its 1997 Child Development Supplement. Women who had a child post-FMLA return to work more quickly than those whose child was born prior to the FMLA, controlling for demographic factors and the state economic situation. Women who return are also more likely ...
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  • 30
    Language: English
    Pages: 80 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.1
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This study presents the results of a joint analysis of patterns of consumption, expenditure, and unit expenditure for a core set of drugs aimed at preventing and treating cardiovascular disease. The current study examines the relationships among three pharmaceutical variables (expenditure, volume of drug use, and unit expenditure) classified according to eight therapeutic categories which are specific for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease and stroke. It covers an 11-year time period, and specifies relevant country-specific structural features in a sample of 12 OECD countries. The data presented in this report show how the three descriptive pharmaceutical variables vary across these countries. The study also contains a preliminary exploration of factors associated with variation in these variables across countries and through time. Findings for each of the eight cardiovascular disease and stroke drug therapeutic categories investigated in this study are ...
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  • 31
    Language: English
    Pages: 124 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.3
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The Ageing-Related Diseases study compares treatment trends and health outcomes on a disease-by-disease basis. Most of the day-to-day decisions that determine health care system performance are made in treating specific diseases. Therefore, the ARD’s bottom-up approach to comparing health care system performance at the disease level, rather than the more common top-down approach, goes to the heart of health care system performance. This paper presents such an analysis for ischaemic heart disease. There is considerable variation in treatment trends for the same diseases across countries and much of this variation can be explained by differences in structural characteristics of health care systems. A disease-level analysis begins with an examination of these characteristics: the economic incentives, policies and regulations that affect individual providers’ decisions for treating a specific disease, defining a particular health care system’s approach. In order to properly assess ...
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  • 32
    Language: English
    Pages: 56 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.6
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Waiting times for elective (non-urgent) surgery are a main health policy concern in approximately half of OECD countries. Mean waiting times for elective surgical procedures are above three months in several countries and maximum waiting times can stretch into years. They generate dissatisfaction for the patients and among the general public. Is there a solution? This report discusses the waiting-time phenomenon and provides a comparative analysis of policies to tackle waiting times across 12 OECD countries. At worst, waiting times can lead to deterioration in health, loss of utility and extra costs. However, one surprising result is that there is little evidence of health deterioration from a review of studies of patients waiting for a few months for different elective procedures across a range of countries. Moreover, such patients are quite tolerant of short and moderate waits, although the general public often expresses more concern about waiting. It is argued that there will be both ...
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264199972
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 331.39809485
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden ; Schweden ; Beschäftigungspolitik ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer
    Abstract: With rapidly aging populations, old-age pension reform and early-retirement schemes alone may not suffice to provide adequate employment opportunities. Additional measures will clearly be needed on wage scales, job discrimination, skills acquisition, and working conditions. Attitudes will also have to change about working later in life. Little is known, however, about what countries have been or should be doing on those issues. This report on Sweden begins a series of around 20 OECD country reports intended to fill the gap. Each contains a survey of the main employment barriers confronting older people, an assessment of existing remedial measures, and policy recommendations for further action.
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9789264102583
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Series Statement: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi/Ageing and Employment Policies
    Series Statement: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Pour faire face au vieilllissement rapide de la population, il est nécessaire de promouvoir de meilleures opportunités d'emploi pour les travailleurs âgés. On a déjà beaucoup fait état du besoin de réformer les régimes de pension de retraite et de préretraite. Pourtant, cela ne sera sans doute pas suffisant en soi pour relever significativement les taux d'emploi des plus âgés ni pour réduire le risque futur de pénurie de travailleurs. Les autorités publiques et les entreprises doivent sans tarder prendre des mesures pour adapter la fixation des salaires à une main-d'œuvre plus âgée, pour s'attaquer aux discriminations du fait de l'âge et pour améliorer les qualifications et les conditions de travail des travailleurs âgés. Un changement d'attitude s'impose aussi de la part des travailleurs âgés quant au travail à un âge plus tardif et à l'acquisition de nouvelles compétences. On sait relativement peu de choses sur ce que les différents pays de l'OCDE sont en train de faire ou devraient faire dans ces domaines. Afin d'y remédier, l'OCDE a lancé une série de rapports dans une vingtaine de pays. Le rapport sur la Suisse est le troisième de cette série. Chaque rapport national fait le tour des principales barrières qui existent concernant l'emploi des travailleurs âgés, évalue la pertinence et l'efficacité des mesures existantes pour contrer ces barrières et présente une série de recommandations sur les politiques que les autorités publiques et les partenaires sociaux devraient mener.
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  • 35
    Language: English
    Pages: 73 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.10
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: There is a wide consensus that workforce skills are an important determinant for economic growth. Alongside initial education, continuous education and training (hereafter referred to as CET) plays a key role in meeting these skill needs. This report examines possible positive impacts of CET on workers’ performance, and discusses some policy issues with a special focus on the role of the social partners. Access to CET is associated with workers’ characteristics and literacy level Over and above international differences in training participation – with the Nordic countries showing the highest participation rates – access to CET appears to be consistently unequal across socioeconomic groups. In all the countries reviewed, the low-educated and older workers are under-represented in firm-training programmes. The incidence of CET is also positively associated with workers’ literacy levels. Importantly, the erosion of literacy with age seems to be slower in countries with high training ...
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 67 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.9
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Pension systems are complex and comparing them across countries is therefore difficult. This paper adopts standard methodology to calculate prospective pension entitlements in nine countries. The modeling ncludes universal and resource-tested schemes, public and private earnings-related plans and mandatory efined contribution schemes. The results show gross pension benefits for workers on different levels of arnings and pension benefits net of tax. The paper also provides a detailed description of the parameters f the pension system. Retirement-income systems are about social protection, but this paper shows that countries interpret this oal very differently. Some focus on ensuring that pensioners have an adequate retirement income (in bsolute terms). Others base their systems on ensuring pensioners have an adequate income relative to their re-retirement income (or ‘replacement rate’). In Finland and the Netherlands, for example, mandatory ccupational pensions have no ceiling on ...
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  • 37
    Language: English
    Pages: 57 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.6
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Child development and child well-being are major concerns in many OECD countries and are the subject of ongoing work at the OECD. These concerns have led to a search for policies to offset poverty, deprivation, vulnerability, and the risk factors that can trigger a lifelong cycle of disadvantage. It is in this context that we carried out a review of the research literature on child outcomes and of the different social policies that may affect them. The paper is organized in four parts: (1) a summary of child outcomes of concern in various OECD countries; (2) a discussion of one particular outcome, child poverty, and its negative consequences for children; (3) a summary of the research linking different family types with different outcomes; and (4) the social policies that may lead to different positive and negative outcomes. Our main conclusions from this literature review is that knowledge-building is proceeding, in particular, with regard to child poverty and the policies ...
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 50 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.8
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia
    Abstract: Despite universal public insurance coverage, private health insurance (PHI) covers almost half of the Australian population – a high coverage rate in comparison with most other OECD countries. Reflecting the belief that a well-functioning health care system should be based on a mixed system of insurance and provision, Australia’s policy makers have encouraged the development of private financing and delivery arrangements operating in parallel to the public system. PHI is seen as a vehicle for enhancing individuals’ choice of provider and care options, and for reducing cost and demand pressures on public hospitals. Policy makers have intervened substantially in the private health insurance market. Regulation has promoted risk-pooling and incentive policies have stimulated the purchase of private cover. This paper analyses the Australian private health insurance market. It describes how PHI interacts with the public system, and assesses its contribution to equity, efficiency and ...
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264100077
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 331.12/042/09479
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Estonia ; Latvia ; Lithuania ; Electronic books ; Baltikum ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Sozialpolitik ; OECD
    Abstract: This review analyses the key issues facing each of the Baltic States - Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania - given its specific economic and social trends. It provides detailed information and policy recommendations in five topical areas: labour law; "active" and "passive" labour market policies; pension reform; long-term care of the elderly; and social assistance benefits as a last resort. This publication is part of the OECD’s ongoing co-operation with non-member economies around the world.
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9789264105386
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les maladies d'origine alimentaire dans les pays de l'OCDE ; état des lieux et coût économique
    DDC: 363.19/26
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Foodborne disease caused by microbiological hazards and chemical contaminants continues to be a growing public health concern, according to the World Health Organisation. This report provides information on the incidence and costs of foodborne disease, which represent a significant economic burden on consumers, the food industry and governments. There is a need to improve interdisciplinary approaches in order to better understand public health issues and their economic consequences. This will also allow policy makers to design appropriate prevention strategies to lower the risk
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9789264158245
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transformer le handicap en capacité ; Promouvoir le travail et la sécurité des revenus des personnes handicapées
    DDC: 362.40484
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This book examines a wide array of labour market and social protection programmes aimed at people with disabilities and analyses the relationship between policies and outcomes across twenty OECD countries.
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  • 42
    ISBN: 9789264104204
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (232 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bébés et employeurs - Comment réconcilier travail et vie de famille (Volume 2) ; Autriche, Irlande et Japon
    DDC: 331.25
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Austria ; Ireland ; Japan ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Raising children and having a career both rate highly as important life goals for many people. Helping parents to achieve these goals is vital for society: parental care plays a crucial role in child development and parental employment promotes economic prosperity. A failure to assist parents find their preferred work and family balance has implications for both labour supply and family decisions. This study considers how a wide range of policies, including tax/benefit policies, childcare policies, and employment and workplace practices, help determine parental labour market outcomes and family formation in Austria, Ireland and Japan.
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264199996
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'opinion publique contre la pauvreté
    DDC: 339.4/6
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Sustaining the fight against global poverty will be possible only if the "wider civil society", i.e. citizens in richer countries, actively and critically support international development co-operation efforts. The willingness undoubtedly exists: McDonnell, Solignac Lecomte and Wegimont (2003) found that public support in OECD DAC member countries for helping poor countries has remained consistently high for almost two decades. There is no aid fatigue. One indication is that donations from the public to development and emergency NGOs have been steadily increasing, although mostly in reaction to emergencies and natural disasters in developing countries. There is concern among the public about aid effectiveness, but it exists alongside continued high support for aid. However, people’s understanding of poverty and development issues remains very shallow. Similarly, public awareness about official development assistance (ODA) and development co-operation policies is low. Awareness does increase significantly as a result of global education, awareness raising campaigns and public debate, but the media remain a primary source of information about developing countries. However, there is some evidence of scepticism about the nature of the information. Against this background, official expenditure on global education and on information about national aid programmes, although it has been increasing in some OECD countries, remains very low. In particular, the adoption of the Millennium Development Goals so far largely remains an untapped opportunity to peg more vigorous efforts to inform and engage the public. The global anti-poverty consensus they are spearheading has hardly trickled down to national public debates, which remain (with a few noticeable exceptions) rather rare and unsophisticated. Still available evidence shows that citizens in OECD DAC member countries want more solidarity and justice in the world. They support international development co-operation, and if they were more and better informed, if their capacity to critically engage in the policy debate was stronger, they could be a precious constituency for its reform and improvement. There lies an opportunity for governments, especially those that have pledged to increase their ODA, to kick-start a virtuous circle of transparency and reform, and effectively rise to the challenge of global poverty reduction.
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264199446
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Au-delà du discours ; Politiques et pratiques de formation des adultes
    DDC: 379.1215
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Electronic books ; Erwachsenenbildung
    Abstract: This publication aims to identify what works in the policy and practice of adult learning, drawing on the experience of nine OECD countries: Canada, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom (England). It defines the features of a desirable system of adult learning, including ways to motivate adults to learn and methods to deliver appropriate services. This book will be indispensable to policy makers and those involved in the practice of adult learning.
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264099890
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Problèmes sociaux liés à la distribution et à la tarification de l'eau
    DDC: 363.61
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This book explores the interface between environmental and social elements of water pricing policies in OECD countries. It focuses on affordability of water services and social measures aimed at resolving these affordability problems. The book considers how environmental and social safeguards are addressed under different models of water utility ownership and management. Drawing on a case study in Mexico, the book explores social problems associated with the transition from one level of water service provision to another.
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264105072
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les étudiants handicapés dans l'enseignement supérieur
    DDC: 371.91
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada ; France ; Germany ; Switzerland ; United Kingdom ; Electronic books ; Behinderung ; Student ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Behinderung ; Studium ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Access to institutions of higher education is as important for disabled people as it is for non-disabled students, since it can offer them the same opportunities for employment, social inclusion and poverty alleviation. Inclusive practices in schools also encourage the need for greater access in higher education. This book offers a detailed account of practices in Canada (Ontario), France and the United Kingdom, and provides additional information on the situation in Germany and Switzerland.
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264100664
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi/Ageing and Employment Policies
    Series Statement: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Belgium
    Abstract: Pour faire face au vieilllissement rapide de la population, il est nécessaire de promouvoir de meilleures opportunités d'emploi pour les travailleurs âgés. On a déjà beaucoup fait état du besoin de réformer les régimes de pension de retraite et de préretraite. Pourtant, cela ne sera sans doute pas suffisant en soi pour relever significativement les taux d'emploi des plus âgés ni pour réduire le risque futur de pénurie de travailleurs. Les autorités publiques et les entreprises doivent sans tarder prendre des mesures pour adapter la fixation des salaires à une main-d’œuvre plus âgée, pour s'attaquer aux discriminations du fait de l'âge et pour améliorer les qualifications et les conditions de travail des travailleurs âgés. Un changement d’attitude s’impose aussi de la part des travailleurs âgés quant au travail à un âge plus tardif et à l’acquisition de nouvelles compétences. On sait relativement peu de choses sur ce que les différents pays de l'OCDE sont en train de faire ou devraient faire dans ces domaines. Afin d’y remédier, l’OCDE a lancé une série de rapports sur une vingtaine de pays, dont la Belgique. Chaque rapport national fait le tour des principales barrières qui existent concernant l'emploi des travailleurs âgés, évalue la pertinence et l'efficacité des mesures existantes pour contrer ces barrières et présente une série de recommandations sur les politiques que les autorités publiques et les partenaires sociaux devraient mener.
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  • 48
    Language: English
    Pages: 54 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.11
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Switzerland
    Abstract: In most OECD countries, the structure of the pension system does not give much potential for individual choice. The Swiss pension system is a particularly interesting case in this respect. Switzerland relies heavily on privately-managed, fully-funded pensions, which employers are obliged to provide. The employees have only a very limited range of individual choice within this system and there has been increasing political pressure to give members more control over their benefits. More choice would increase competition among funds, lead to higher returns on investment of pension funds, improve customer services and result in higher member satisfaction due to more tailored benefit packages. This paper examines the choices currently available to members of occupational pension schemes in Switzerland and how they are making use of these options. It goes on to consider which expansions in choice might be desirable and what obstacles may be in the way of such changes. A particular ...
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  • 49
    ISBN: 9789264100213
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (112 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices et ouvrages de référence du CAD
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Poverty and Health
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Abstract: L’investissement dans la santé constitue un vecteur important de développement économique, jusqu’ici sous-estimé; une amélioration notable de la situation sanitaire est un préalable indispensable pour permettre aux pays en développement de rompre le cycle de la pauvreté. Cet ouvrage publié conjointement par l’OCDE et l’OMS, cerne les composantes essentielles d’une approche de la santé favorable aux pauvres. Il s’adresse aux agents des organismes d’aide chargés d’élaborer et de mettre en œuvre les politiques relatives à un large éventail de domaines d’intervention ainsi qu’aux décideurs des pays partenaires.
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  • 50
    ISBN: 9789264299474
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Systems
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des systèmes de santé ; La Corée 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des systèmes de santé : La Corée 2003
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: How can the performance of the Korean health care system be improved? How have the July 2000 health sector reforms affected performance? This book investigates a set of policy challenges concerning the type of government interventions that are needed to promote health systems objectives in a mixed public-private context.
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  • 51
    Language: English
    Pages: 46 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.8
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Most countries give income-tax concessions to older people relative to people of working age. Some treat pension income more favourably than earnings, and most do not levy social security contributions on older people. These policies mean that the direct tax burden of older people is lower than that carried by people of working age. At an income equivalent to economy-wide average earnings, for example, the average tax burden (in the nine countries studied) is ten percentage points lower for pensioners than it is for workers. Therefore differences in taxes between pensioners and workers are an important way in which governments support people during their retirement. This is measured by the effect on net replacement rates: the value of pension benefits for a full-career worker relative to earnings when in work. On average, one fifth of the net replacement rate for a worker on average earnings is due to tax differentials rather than the pension system. This paper provides the first ...
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  • 52
    ISBN: 9789264104747
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (45 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La constitution d'un patrimoine et la sortie de la pauvreté ; Introduction à un nouveau débat sur la politique du bien-être
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La formación de patrimonio y el escape de la pobreza ; Un nuevo debate sobre la política del bienestar social
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'asset building e l'uscita dalla povertà; Un nuovo dibattito sulla politica del welfare
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La constitution d'un patrimoine et la sortie de la pauvreté : Introduction à un nouveau débat sur la politique du bien-être
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La formación de patrimonio y el escape de la pobreza : Un nuevo debate sobre la política del bienestar social
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'asset building e l'uscita dalla povertà: Un nuovo dibattito sulla politica del welfare
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Abstract: Governments in developed countries have long used, directly or indirectly through their tax systems, policies that subsidise or otherwise encourage the population at large to acquire assets such as financial savings, home ownership, retirement funds, education (human capital) or business capital. These policies seldom reach the poor. In fact, for the poor these policies often do not stimulate saving but rather discourage it. However, the evidence reported in this book is that the poor want to save, and can do so in modest amounts. In fact, they will do so, often with sacrifices greater than either policy makers or the more well-off might imagine. Extending asset-building policies to the poor can represent an effective attack on both poverty and economic and social alienation of the poor, because it has positive welfare effects that income support alone cannot provide.This book establishes the context for a fruitful debate on the merits and demerits of asset building for the poor by setting out the basic ideas involved in asset-building programmes and proposals. It also outlines the social policy advantages that their proponents claim, and documents what the existing programmes and demonstration projects look like.
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9789264019423
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104 p.)
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Appropriation et partenariat ; quel rôle pour la société civile dans les stratégies de réduction de la pauvreté ?
    DDC: 362.5091724
    RVK:
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Konferenzschrift ; Entwicklungsländer ; Bürgerliche Gesellschaft ; Armut
    Abstract: Partnership Forums are the means by which the OECD Development Assistance Committee provides a venue for non-governmental actors to express their points of view and to offer their own contributions to development policy and strategy. In December 2000, the DAC and the Development Centre held a Forum on ways of integrating civil society into policy formation in developing countries, and to identify obstacles to such involvement. Participants agreed that civil society's role in poverty-reduction strategies had been an important element in succesful implementation. This book contains 8 papers presented at the Forum, covering experience in a variety of countries with a variety of stakeholders. The wide-ranging discussion concluded that civil-society participation in policy making not only enhances efficiency in implementation, but also contributes to the creation of more pluralistic and democratic political systems.
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