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  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development  (409)
  • World Bank Group  (70)
  • Downes, Ronnie  (10)
  • Governance  (489)
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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Zimbabwe assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Zimbabwe perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Zimbabwe on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Zimbabwe; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Zimbabwe; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Zimbabwe; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Zimbabwe
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Jamaica assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Jamaica perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Jamaica on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Jamaica; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Jamaica; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Jamaica; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Jamaica
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Guinea assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Guinea perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Guinea on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Guinea; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Guinea; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Guinea; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Guinea
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Mongolia assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Mongolia perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Mongolia on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Mongolia; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Mongolia; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Mongolia; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Mongolia
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Ghana assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Ghana perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Ghana on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Ghana; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Ghana; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Ghana; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Ghana
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Equitable Growth, Finance and Institutions Insight
    Schlagwort(e): Anticorruption Agenda ; Governance ; Governance and Financial Sector ; Integrity Risks ; Law and Development ; Public Administration ; Public Procurement
    Kurzfassung: The Armenia public sector accountability survey is instrumental in addressing the disparities between de jure laws and regulations and de facto practices and seeks to fill existing knowledge gaps and inform further definition and implementation of the government's anticorruption initiatives. The survey was implemented by the Corruption Prevention Commission (CPC) and the World Bank. It aimed to: (i) provide a comprehensive assessment of the patterns and determinants of integrity risks, and how they can impact productivity and performance in the public administration in Armenia; (ii) understand the perceptions of Armenian public servants regarding ongoing anticorruption initiatives, their awareness of integrity risks, and the needs for further interventions; and (iii) generate evidence, support and inform further definition of reforms and anticorruption initiatives that help address and counter weak integrity practices in the public sector in Armenia. By highlighting the disparities between de jure laws and de facto practices, particularly in terms of integrity within the public sector, this survey aimed to serve as a cornerstone for informing effective implementation in targeted interventions and bridging the gap between policy intentions and actual practices within Armenia's governance. The Armenia public sector accountability survey was aimed at public servants in selected public entities in Armenia, including central ministries and agencies, regional governments, and selected municipalities across the country. The analysis of the survey findings is anchored in the government production function conceptual framework and adjusted to explicitly take into account the drivers and consequences of corruption
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Kenya assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Kenya perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Kenya on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Kenya; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Kenya; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Kenya; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Kenya
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Health Sector Review
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Health Insurance ; Health Policy and Management ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; PHC ; Primary Health Care Performance ; Vital Signs Profile
    Kurzfassung: This report presents the findings of the Vital Signs Profile (VSP) assessment conducted by the World Bank and the Primary Health Care Performance Initiative (PHCPI) in collaboration with Fiji's Ministry of Health and Medical Services (MHMS). The VSP provides an opportunity to assess the state of the primary health care (PHC) system in Fiji, highlighting areas of strength and challenges through the lens of the PHCPI framework. The framework organizes various domains and subdomains of primary health care using a logic model approach that encompasses the traditional inputs and outputs of PHC systems and emphasizes the capacity and processes of PHC service delivery and performance. Notably, while PHCPI recognizes the role of social determinants of health and intersectoral health promotion and prevention efforts as important factors influencing population health, the VSP is primarily focused on aspects of health service delivery. Fiji is one of four Pacific countries - alongside Kiribati, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and Solomon Islands that have, with support of the World Bank, used PHCPI tools to take stock of current performance, safeguard what works well, and lay out a vision for areas requiring improvement
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Opinion Surveys
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Kurzfassung: The Country Opinion Survey in Serbia assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Serbia perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Serbia on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Serbia; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Serbia; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Serbia; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Serbia
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Economic and Sector Work Reports
    Schlagwort(e): Data Analysis ; Data Collection ; Economic Growth ; Governance ; ICT Data and Statistics ; Index Construction ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Results Reporting ; Technology ; Validation
    Kurzfassung: The 2021 GovTech Maturity Index (GTMI) report and underlying dataset provide opportunities to replicate the study, identify gaps in digital transformation by comparing the differences among economies and groups of economies, and track changes over time in a transparent way. The dataset will be updated every two years to reflect developments in the GovTech domain. This 2022 GTMI update report and the accompanying dataset and new data dashboard present the progress within the last two years, highlight some of the good practices, and identify existing gaps for possible improvements in countries at the technology frontier. As with the 2020 edition, economies are grouped, not ranked, to illustrate the state of GovTech focus areas globally. This overview report presents a summary of the approach, how the 2022 GTMI dataset update is different, improvements in the GTMI dataset contents and visualization tools and GTMI group calculations, and initial findings and key messages
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 11
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 2206
    Schlagwort(e): Digital Government Strategy ; Digitization Policy ; E-Governance Transition ; E-Government ; Electronic Registries ; European Commission ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Governance ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Sustainable Digital Transformation
    Kurzfassung: This report, which is funded by the EU under the Support to Public Sector Management Reform Project in BiH, presents an assessment of e-services and key enablers that underpin an efficient and user-centric digital government in the RS, including recommendations for further development. The assessment was conducted at the request of and in close collaboration with the RS Ministry of Scientific and Technological Development, Higher Education and Information Society (MNRVOID). The report is meant to inform the RS Government's future reform plans in the area of digitization
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 39458
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptation To Climate Change ; Digital Technologies ; E-Government ; Environment ; Governance ; Govtech ; Green Transition ; ICT Applications ; Information and Communication Technologies
    Kurzfassung: Governments are increasingly seeking opportunities to leverage digital technologies to build a greener future. This guidance note provides useful advice to policy makers underlining adequate leadership and commitment are crucial to implement coordinated GovTech and Green policies. The climate change impacts of digitalization can provide the benefits of green digital service delivery, paperless administration, and the efficiency of integrated services for a reduction of the carbon footprint. The guidance note will focus on "greening Public Administration through GovTech" defined as GovTech policies, initiatives, and/or solutions that embrace environmental considerations by design, maximizing the green benefits and considering the potential negative impacts, for example through digitalization of government processes. This guidance note is centered around three main topics: (i) the green government process through digital solutions; (ii) greening digital service delivery; and (iii) identifying policy mechanisms to mainstream green digital approaches throughout government systems
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 13
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 2185
    Schlagwort(e): Central Banks ; Climate Change and Environment ; Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Risk Management ; Governance ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Portfolio Management ; RAMP ; Reserve Advisory and Management Partnership ; Strategic Asset Allocation (SAA)
    Kurzfassung: This survey report represents a collaborative effort between Reserve Advisory and Management Partnership (RAMP) and central banks worldwide to advance the understanding and practice of reserve management. The cooperation of all central banks involved is greatly appreciated, and we anticipate that the findings obtained from this survey will make a valuable contribution to the ongoing success and resilience of central bank reserve management
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 14
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Investment Climate Assessment
    Schlagwort(e): Digital Economy ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Governance ; International Economics and Trade ; Investment Lifecycle ; Legal Framework
    Kurzfassung: This Investment Policy and Regulatory Review (IPRR) presents information on the legal and regulatory frameworks governing foreign direct investment (FDI) in India. Since legal and regulatory frameworks are constantly evolving, a cut-off date was set for the research. This country review therefore covers information available as of December 31, 2021, unless otherwise indicated in the review. This IPRR is organized as follows: Section 2 provides an overview of the country's investment policy framework, including the legal instruments regulating foreign investment, key institutions involved in investment promotion, as well as the country's foreign investment promotion strategy; it also delineates the country's international investment legal framework, including the country's commitments under the World Trade Organization (WTO) and select international investment agreements (IIAs); Sections 3-6 cover the country's policies and domestic legal framework concerning different dimensions of the lifecycle of an investment: entry and establishment (Section 3), protection (4), incentives (5) and linkages (6); Sections 7-8 explore emerging investment policy and regulatory areas - Section 7 considers outward FDI, Section 8 responsible investment; Section 9 focuses on city-specific investment policy and regulatory measures in the largest commercial center; and Section 10 focuses on FDI in the digital economy
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 15
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Investment Climate Assessment
    Schlagwort(e): Digital Sector ; Domestic ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Governance ; International ; International Economics and Trade ; Legal Instruments
    Kurzfassung: This Investment Policy and Regulatory Review (IPRR) presents information on the legal and regulatory frameworks governing foreign direct investment (FDI) in Nigeria. Since legal and regulatory frameworks are constantly evolving, a cut-off date was set for the research. This country review therefore covers information available as of December 31, 2021, unless otherwise indicated in the review. This IPRR is organized as follows: Section 2 provides an overview of the country's investment policy framework, including the legal instruments regulating foreign investment, key institutions involved in investment promotion, as well as the country's foreign investment promotion strategy; it also delineates the country's international investment legal framework, including the country's commitments under the World Trade Organization (WTO) and select international investment agreements (IIAs); Sections 3-6 cover the country's policies and domestic legal framework concerning different dimensions of the lifecycle of an investment: entry and establishment (Section 3), protection (4), incentives (5) and linkages (6); Sections 7-8 explore emerging investment policy and regulatory areas - Section 7 considers outward FDI and Section 8 responsible investment; Section 9 focuses on city-specific investment policy and regulatory measures in the largest commercial center; and Section 10 covers FDI in the digital economy
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 16
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 2206
    Schlagwort(e): Data Governance ; Digital Transformation ; E-Government ; FCV ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Palestinian Authority (PA) ; Public Sector Data
    Kurzfassung: Data serves many purposes in the public sector: first as infrastructure that supports services and enables transactions between diverse stakeholders in a network, from government to businesses and to citizens; and second as an evidence base for governance and decision-making. Most recently, the value of data was demonstrated through efforts to manage the COVID-19 pandemic using data to aid in disease contact tracing, provide information, guide policies, and inform spending of funds. Public sector and government data sources such as censuses, national surveys, and administrative data, combined with data produced by the private sector helping to fill data gaps, provide timelier and finer-scale assessments of programs and policies, and serve public policy and development needs. Businesses can create value from government data by integrating it with data produced by the private sector. This highlights the importance of efficient and effective data sharing, reuse, and interoperability between different actors to better realize development objectives. This report describes the key findings on: leadership on data use and sharing in the government; key enablers for better public sector data use; key legal, regulatory, and policy safeguards that facilitate the trusted use, reuse, and sharing of data in a safe and secure manner; key stakeholders and their role and responsibilities in the data governance framework; and a proposed action plan
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 17
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Schlagwort(e): Capital Markets ; Capital Markets and Capital Flows ; Climate Change ; Finance and Development ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Governance ; Inclusion ; Poverty Alleviation ; Resilience ; Shared Prosperity ; Sustainability ; Sustainable Finance
    Kurzfassung: This annual report, which covers the period from July 1, 2022, to June 30, 2023, has been prepared by the Executive Directors of both the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the International Development Association (IDA)-collectively known as the World Bank-in accordance with the respective bylaws of the two institutions. Ajay Banga, President of the World Bank Group and Chairman of the Board of Executive Directors, has submitted this report, together with the accompanying administrative budgets and audited financial statements, to the Board of Governors
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 18
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 39458
    Schlagwort(e): Collusion ; Corruption ; Fraud ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Governance Risk ; Law and Development ; Public Expenditure
    Kurzfassung: Corruption poses a significant threat to development and has a disproportionate impact on the poor and most vulnerable. Government agencies struggle to identify fraud and corruption in public expenditures. Risk assessments usually rely on manual analysis and follow-up on specific complaints or anecdotes which requires substantial resources. Assessments are often limited in scope and ineffective, failing to generate the evidence needed to build strong cases. The World Bank developed the Governance Risk Assessment System (GRAS), a tool that uses advanced data analytics to improve the detection of risks of fraud, corruption, and collusion in government contracting. GRAS increases the efficiency and effectiveness of audits and investigations by identifying a wide range of risk patterns. GRAS makes use of public data and is based on a robust and comprehensive conceptual framework which draws on insights from experienced practitioners and sound academic research. This report presents GRAS's main features, examples of GRAS implementation, and outlines the steps government agencies can take in applying GRAS in their countries. GRAS was developed in Brazil, where it has been piloted in four subnational governments and has helped to investigate fraud, corruption, and collusion in public procurement. Concrete results include the identification of over 850 suppliers with strong indication of collusive behavior, 450 suppliers likely registered under strawmen, 500 cases of conflict of interests involving suppliers owned by public servants, and about 4500 companies with connections to political campaigns, among other examples
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 19
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 11872
    Schlagwort(e): Economic and Employment Structure ; Economic Growth ; Governance ; Inflation ; Labor Force Participation ; Learning Employable Skills ; Skills Development System ; Social Protections and Labor ; Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) ; Youth Employment
    Kurzfassung: Tanzania's rapidly growing population, particularly its youth, faces challenges in entering the labor market due to limited employable skills. This policy note first reviews the demand-side factors including Tanzania's economic, employment, and labor force characteristics, then it critically analyzes the technical and vocational education and training (TVET) and skills development system. It draws from existing studies and available data to provide an overview of key sector issues and highlights the challenges that require attention as they relate to cultivating employable skills for all Tanzanian youth. This policy note complements the World Bank Policy Note on Strengthening Basic Education System and Improving Learning Outcomes and offers timely input to the government's ongoing effort to strengthen the TVET sector
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 20
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 2193
    Schlagwort(e): Current Economic Indicators ; Equity Committment ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Fiscal Policy ; GDP Growth By Sector ; Governance ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Recent Economic Developments
    Kurzfassung: Global growth is projected to slow significantly in 2023 as continued monetary tightening constrains the credit supply. Tanzania's economy has performed relatively well despite a challenging external environment. The government recognizes that a dynamic private sector fueled both by domestic and international investment is crucial to increase productivity, accelerate job creation, and support more inclusive and resilient growth. Tanzania has several macroeconomic advantages that could support a successful transition to middle-income status. Tanzania's most urgent reform priorities include measures to improve efficiency and effectiveness of expenditure programs and boost tax-revenue mobilization. The government should assess and regulate budget transfers to state-owned enterprises to ensure their sustainability. An analysis of the implementation capacity of ministries with low expenditure execution rates could inform efforts to improve procurement systems and strengthen monitoring and evaluation. The government should adjust VAT, corporate income tax, and excise tax rates to increase revenue mobilization, and excise taxes on tobacco should be reevaluated to balance revenue and public health objectives. Strengthening taxation on wealthier households is vital to improve the equity of the tax system. Reinforcing the tax administration's auditing capacity will be necessary to boost collection efficiency and enhance distributional equity, and registration thresholds should also be adjusted to broaden the tax base. The Commitment to Equity (CEQ) methodology could be used to assess the impact of proposed fiscal policy changes on household income, poverty, and inequality
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 21
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Investment Climate Assessment
    Schlagwort(e): Foreign Direct Investment ; Governance ; Incentives ; International Economics and Trade ; Legal Framework ; Linkages ; Policies ; Protection
    Kurzfassung: This Investment Policy and Regulatory Review (IPRR) presents information on the legal and regulatory frameworks governing foreign direct investment (FDI) in Malaysia. Since legal and regulatory frameworks are constantly evolving, a cut-off date was set for the research. This country review therefore covers information available as of December 31, 2021, unless otherwise indicated in the review. This IPRR is organized as follows: Section 2 provides an overview of the country's investment policy framework, including the legal instruments regulating foreign investment, key institutions involved in investment promotion, as well as the country's foreign investment promotion strategy; it also delineates the country's international investment legal framework, including the country's commitments under the World Trade Organization (WTO) and select international investment agreements (IIAs); Sections 3-6 cover the country's policies and domestic legal framework concerning different dimensions of the lifecycle of an investment: entry and establishment (Section 3), protection (4), incentives (5) and linkages (6); Sections 7-8 explore emerging investment policy and regulatory areas - Section 7 considers outward FDI and Section 8 responsible investment; Section 9 focuses on city-specific investment policy and regulatory measures in the largest commercial center; and Section 10 covers FDI in the digital economy
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 22
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Equitable Growth, Finance and Institutions Insight
    Schlagwort(e): Cloud Computing ; Data Classification ; Governance ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Information Technology ; Institutional Framework ; Security
    Kurzfassung: Despite widespread awareness on the benefits of cloud computing, authorities in most of the World Bank's client countries have not explored the opportunity of adopting cloud computing solutions. Task teams are finding it difficult to provide relevant advice to the counterparts and address their concerns. Most authorities have identified risks of moving to cloud computing: Will their data be safe? Will they have sovereign control over access to data stored offshore? Will privacy be protected? These risks are real. Due to an inadequate assessment framework to identify and assess these risks, the typical response of most client governments is to develop a government's cloud (G-Cloud or GovCloud). This seems logical for more sensitive or mission critical data. However, this is not enough. Adopting a hybrid cloud model, which leverages the cloud services from the private sector to work in conjunction with the G-Cloud can offer immense opportunities to save costs, improve security, enhance performance, and strengthen resilience in a post COVID-19 world. However, client governments need guidance to change their policy response on cloud computing - from the risk-avoidance to the one of risk-management. This note provides guidance on institutional and procurement arrangements and risk mitigation methodology for acquiring and managing public cloud solutions using a whole-of-government approach
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 23
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Education Study
    Schlagwort(e): Access ; Child-Centered Curriculum ; Governance ; Governance, Preschool Education ; Nutrition and Health ; Universal Enrollment
    Kurzfassung: The potential benefits from supporting early childhood development range from healthy development to a greater capacity to learn and increased productivity in adulthood. Despite undertaking various preschool education reforms and initiatives, issues of access and quality remain and continue to grow. The Malaysia Education Blueprint (2013-2025) set a target to achieve universal preschool enrollment by 2020, and Malaysia, along with many other developing countries, has yet to achieve this. Findings from the World Bank's preschool survey and stakeholder interviews carried out for this report point to a range of issues, such as a lack of preschool seat availability in certain areas, low awareness among parents on the benefits of sending their children to preschools, affordability of preschool expenses, low teacher quality, and concerns over the overlapping roles between the multiple ministries and agencies that oversee ECCE in Malaysia. This review is carried out in collaboration with the Ministry of Education (MOE) and is a comprehensive assessment of Malaysia's current preschool education landscape. The review aims to identify the gaps between the targets and aspirations set by MOE and the government under various policy documents and the outcomes to date. It also aims to deep-dive into the underlying reasons for these gaps, and seek solutions to close them and achieve the aspirations. This report synthesizes the findings from research, analysis, and stakeholder engagement activities, and is organized by a framework of targets, pillars, and enablers
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 24
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 36277
    Schlagwort(e): Air Transport ; Airports and Air Services ; Connectivity ; Governance ; Infrastructure ; Resilience ; Tourism ; Transport ; Urban Development
    Kurzfassung: The lack of land connectivity among the Caribbean Island nations and the growing significance of the tourism sector as a key economic pillar have underscored the importance of improved air connectivity for economic growth and shared prosperity in the region. On average, tourism's contribution to the gross domestic product (GDP) for the region rose from 12 percent in 2011 to 15.2 percent in 2017, accounting for 4.3 percent of the jobs (CIA, The World FactBook). Almost half these contributions can be traced to capital investments in the travel and tourism industry, while one-third is linked to tourism-related service industries. Overall, Caribbean origin and destination air passenger traffic grew by 50 percent between 2007 and 2017, from approximately 40 million to nearly 60 million passengers annually. However, intra-regional passenger traffic remained flat and declined in some countries, including in Grenada, Dominica, and Saint Lucia. While post-2017 regionwide data is limited, evidence indicates that these trends persist
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  • 25
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 2153
    Schlagwort(e): Climate Change and Agriculture ; Communities and Human Settlements ; Conflict and Development ; Covid and Refugee Welfare Covid ; Economic Growth ; Food Security ; Forceably Displaced Populations (FDP) ; Gender and Development ; Governance ; Host Population Welfare ; Labor Markets ; Refugee Education ; Refugee Labor Market
    Kurzfassung: This report makes several contributions to the literature on the welfare of FDPs and their hosts. On the data front, the harmonized database compiled for this report represents a large and unique source of information on the welfare of both hosts and FDPs during the period of an unprecedented pandemic. The data span 14 countries from different regions, populations of concern (IDPs, refugees, hosts), and accommodation types (in camps, out of camps). Over a fifth of the global population displaced before the start of the pandemic is represented in this database, allowing for direct comparison and aggregation of results across countries and subgroups. The report also brings a policy lens to the analysis. By examining the role of existing labor market and education policies in the hosting country using newly available information from a cross country, up-to-date policy database, the data yield important insights. In addition, the report examinesaid financing trends using disbursement-level data from OECD's Creditor Reporting System (CRS) and a labor-intensive keyword search approach to teaseout disbursements that are intended for displaced populations. The rest of the report is organized as follows. Section 2 describes the data used in this exercise, including the samples, the harmonization process, and the resulting database. Section 3 presents the key results on the welfare impact of the forcibly displaced and their hosts during the pandemic and ensuing crises. Where relevant and possible, theresults are linked to preexisting sectoral polices that were in place in hosting countries before the pandemic. Section 4 discusses the recent trend in official development assistance (ODA) intended for displaced populations. The report concludes with adiscussion of the results and a set of forward-looking policy recommendations, focusing on inclusive social policies and sustainable financing aimedat promoting self-reliance among the displaced, and on lessons learned for data collection and harmonization following this unprecedented endeavor
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  • 26
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 39458
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptation to Climate Change ; FCS ; Fragility and Conflict ; Governance ; GOVTECH ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Insurance and Risk Mitigation ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Political Economy ; Reforms
    Kurzfassung: This report takes stock of the development of GovTech solutions in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations (FCS), be they characterized by low institutional capacity and/or by active conflict and provides insights on challenges and opportunities for implementing GovTech reforms in such contexts. It is aimed at practitioners and policy makers working in FCS but will also be useful for practitioners working in Fragility, Conflict, and Violence (FCV) contexts, at-risk countries, or low-income countries as some similar challenges and opportunities can be present. Chapter 1 describes the methodology and provides basic definitions of FCV and GovTech as well as the rationale for the report. Chapter 2 provides an overview of GovTech in FCS, based on the analysis of GovTech Maturity Index (G_TMJ) data, and common challenges to GovTech in FCS. Chapter 3 analyzes the state of GovTech reforms per pillar in FCS and illustrates these with selected examples. Chapter 4 concludes with some recommendations for designing and implementing GovTech projects in these contexts based on the analysis
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  • 27
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Public Expenditure Review
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Development ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Fiscal Policy ; Fiscal Spending ; Governance ; Government Revenue
    Kurzfassung: Bulgaria has traditionally adhered to fiscal discipline and prudent fiscal policy since the introduction of its currency board arrangement in mid-1997. After a gradual decline in the 2000s, public debt has remained among the lowest in the European Union (EU), hovering in a narrow band between 17 and 29 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) for the last 10 years. The low level of public debt has been supported by relatively low fiscal deficits or even surpluses in some years. This has helped the fiscal system absorb recent shocks relatively unscathed and provided sufficient fiscal space to address emerging crises and limit the scarring on economic activity, the labor market, and incomes. This report provides fresh evidence on Bulgaria's fiscal landscape and some of the key issues that fiscal policy may need to address going forward. To start with, the report looks at opportunities to increase revenue collection with two special focuses - the value-added tax (VAT) compliance gap and health taxes (excises on tobacco and alcohol products). Social spending effectiveness in reducing headline poverty and child poverty in particular also requires urgent attention from policy makers. An updated fiscal incidence analysis shows that Bulgaria's fiscal system has a limited impact on overall poverty; neither is it effective in addressing child poverty, as it reduces it by just 0.3 percentage points
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  • 28
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: IEG Independent Evaluations and Annual Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Additionality ; Banking Sector ; Capacity Building ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Additionality ; Financial Collaboration ; Financial Competition ; Governance ; Non Bank Financial Institutions ; Nonfinancial Additionality
    Kurzfassung: Additionality is a core feature of private sector development finance institutions (DFIs). It is the unique contribution that a DFI or a multilateral/ bilateral bank brings to a private investment project that is not offered by commercial sources of finance. The key idea is that the investment project should add value without crowding out private sector activity. Identifying and articulating project additionality is particularly important in middle- income countries (MICs) since financial markets in MICs are more developed, and private investment far exceeds official development assistance. This evaluation report examines the relevance and effectiveness of IFC's approach to additionality in MICs and seeks to explain the factors that contribute to or constrain its realization. While the evaluation focuses on IFC's additionality on the level of the project, it also applies the lens of country and sector context to draw additional learning. Thus, it considers whether additionality can occur beyond the level of a single project-for example, at the country and sector level. Both at the project level and beyond the project, the evaluation derives lessons and offers recommendations on how IFC can further strengthen its additionality
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  • 29
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 2181
    Schlagwort(e): Economic Management ; Economic Policy, Institutions and Governance ; Governance ; Macroeconomic Management ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; National Governance ; Public Sector Development ; Score Analysis ; Sector Management and Institutions ; Social Inclusion and Equity ; Structural Policies ; Trends
    Kurzfassung: The Country Policy and Institutional Assessment (CPIA) for Africa is an annual diagnostic tool for Sub-Saharan African countries that are eligible for financing from the International Development Association (IDA), the part of the World Bank that helps the world's poorest countries. The CPIA Africa 2023 report provides an assessment of the quality of policies and institutions in all 39 IDA-eligible countries in Sub-Saharan Africa for calendar year 2022. The average overall CPIA score for Sub-Saharan Africa remained unchanged at 3.1 in 2022. Economic and social resilience continues to be tested in all countries in Sub-Saharan Africa amid tight global credit markets, as institutional capacity for restoring stability and delivering sustained growth remains a challenge. Such resilience is also fundamental to responding to global climate change and the expected market shifts as the world economy transitions to green energy. The recovery of economic activity in the region following the slowdown caused by COVID-19 has been multispeed, with wide variation across countries. Global events that diverted attention away from longer-term development priorities marked 2022. Inflation was the predominant form in which international pressures translated to domestic economies in Sub-Saharan Africa, resulting in stress on social policies and government budgets, on account of divergent responses by governments and private sector competition. In some countries, this has led to significant stress on debt sustainability, highlighting the importance of debt management, budgetary oversight, and financial soundness. An opportunity for regrouping on policy reforms arose in the second half of 2022, as gas prices declined after a mild European winter and China lifted health-related restrictions. Despite global economic challenges, more countries in Sub-Saharan Africa saw improvements in their overall CPIA scores compared to the previous year. In Western and Central Africa (AFW), the overall score increased for eight countries-Benin, Cabo Verde, Cote d'Ivoire, The Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, the Republic of Congo, and Togo. The overall score increased for four countries in Eastern and Southern Africa (AFE)-Burundi, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Mozambique, and Zambia. In contrast, the overall score decreased for eight countries-Chad, the Comoros, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ghana, Malawi, Sao Tome and Principe, and Sudan. The countries with improved scores made notable advancements in the economic management, policies for social inclusion, and governance clusters. Conversely, the countries with declining scores faced economic management and governance challenges. For the most part, the countries that received downgrades were positioned toward the lower end of the scale, while the upgraded countries generally had overall scores above 3, indicating a growing divergence in scores across the region in 2022
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  • 30
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: 2196
    Schlagwort(e): Employment and Unemployment ; Governance ; Health Insurance ; Health Service Management and Delivery ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; RIPSS ; Service Delivery ; T2D ; Universal Health Insurance
    Kurzfassung: The aim of this report is to document the fidelity of the implementation of the RIPSS in the Huetar-Atlantica Region in Costa Rica. Implementation fidelity seeks to assess the extent to which an intervention is implemented as planned and, for this, the PIPs were contrasted with what was implemented in practice. The assessment identified the following: (i) gaps in the implementation that require subsequent actions, and (ii) the core elements for the sustainability and scale-up of the RIPSS
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  • 31
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Financial Sector Study
    Schlagwort(e): 2030 Agenda ; Economic Policy, Institutions and Governance ; Environmental Social and Governance (ESG) ; Governance ; Green Bonds ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Municipal Bond Markets ; Paris Agreement ; Sustainable Debt ; Sustainable Development ; Urban Development
    Kurzfassung: Sustainable debt is loan or bond financing that helps mitigate or address a specific environmental or social concern or achieve positive environmental or social outcomes. The term environmental, social, and governance (ESG) investing, often used interchangeably with sustainable investing, denotes an investment approach wherein investors apply nonfinancial factors related to ESG issues in their investment analysis to identify risks and opportunities. The practice of ESG investing began in the 1960s as socially responsible investing, with investors excluding stocks or entire industries from their portfolios to avoid investing in morally questionable businesses. In recent years, ESG investing has garnered tremendous interest because of the recognition of environmental and social risks to the global economy; the urgency that the Paris Agreement and the 2030 agenda for sustainable development have created; and the resulting impetus to finance initiatives that help limit global warming, environmental degradation, and various social problems. Investors use a variety of strategies, including negative or exclusionary screening, positive screening, integration of ESG considerations, thematic and impact investing, and active ownership and stewardship, to incorporate ESG considerations into their investment processes. Climate change, resource scarcity, and demographic and social change feature prominently in several investment strategies. Impact investments are often made to address challenges in sectors such as sustainable agriculture, renewable energy, conservation, microfinance, and affordable and accessible basic services, including housing, health care, and education
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  • 32
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Schlagwort(e): Development Update ; Economic Activity ; Economic Growth ; Global Benchmark Indicators ; Governance ; Inflation ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Stunted Economic Growth
    Kurzfassung: Nigeria's economic performance has weakened since the previous Nigeria Development Update (NDU) was published in June 2022 under the title of "The Continuing Urgency of Business Unusual". The global economic environment has weakened. Economic activity in most major economies has slowed in 2022 amid high inflation and central banks shifting toward contractionary monetary policies. External financing conditions, particularly for governments and private borrowers in frontier markets such as Nigeria, have tightened, as the US dollar has appreciated sharply against most other currencies to historically strong levels, and global benchmark interest rates have risen. Moving into 2023, growth in most regions is expected to weaken further, and uncertainty regarding the outlook remains elevated, partly because of key unknowns such as future developments related to the Russian Federation's invasion of Ukraine
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  • 33
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Policy Notes
    Schlagwort(e): Business in Development ; Climate Change Policy and Regulation ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Governance ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; National Governance ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development
    Kurzfassung: Lesotho witnessed poverty reduction prior to the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and the subsequent shocks, but the pace was slow, and poverty remained widespread. The World Bank Group (WBG)'s partnership with Lesotho is fully aligned with the country's development vision articulated in the second National Strategic Development (NSDP II) and key findings of its 2021 Mid-Term Review. The overall objective of the proposed CPF FY2023-2027 is to support Lesotho in building a sustainable and resilient economy in a post-COVID environment by promoting a private sector driven, export-oriented economy for job creation supported by an enabling, efficient and effective public sector. The CPF consists of three high-level outcomes (HLOs) -increased employment in the private sector, improved human capital outcomes and improved climate resilience with seven objectives under the HLOs. There are two foundational themes (governance and government capacity, and macroeconomic and fiscal sustainability) and three approaches (gender, digitalization, and lagging-region approach) that cut across the CPF. The CPF is scheduled to be finalized with the new government by early 2023
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  • 34
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Economic and Sector Work Reports
    Schlagwort(e): Fiscal Adjustment ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth
    Kurzfassung: Croatia's high degree of municipal fragmentation has been consistently recognized as a weakness and one of the main problems of its intergovernmental fiscal system. The report argues that the problem of fragmentation is in essence a problem of capacity. The objective of this report is to review international experiences and lessons in the promotion of local government mergers and municipal associations to inform efforts to advance institutional reform in Croatia and address the problem of low local government capacity. The report is organized into six sections. The first section is introduction, the second section reviews the fragmented territorial administrative structure in Croatia, and the third is devoted to unpacking the concept of local government units (LGU) capacity. The fourth section focuses on relevant international experience related to municipal fragmentation and capacity deficiencies, and the fifth examines incentive measures for Intermunicipal Cooperation (IMC) and the creation of associations or commonwealths. The sixth section lays out policy options and recommendations for Croatia, prioritized along a sequence for implementation
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  • 35
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other papers
    Schlagwort(e): Conflict of Interest ; Corporate Data and Reporting ; Equity ; Governance ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development ; Public Sector Development ; Transparency
    Kurzfassung: The world spent USD 11 trillion on public procurement in 2018, amounting to 12 percent of global GDP (Bosio and others 2022). Given these substantial volumes, public procurement can contribute to several objectives: savings, integrity, economic growth, inclusiveness, and sustainability. Procurement Data Analytics (PDA) can contribute to the achievement of these objectives. It refers to the use of data to generate actionable insights and evidence to monitor outcomes, inform the policy dialogue, guide reform efforts, and assess the impact of reforms and strategies in public procurement. Despite a growing academic literature and impact evaluations on public procurement, the existing body of evidence is still scarce and limited to a few countries. This impedes drawing generalizable lessons on optimal policies and strategies to achieve the multi-layered objectives of the public procurement function, therefore highlighting the need for a larger adoption of data analytics tools in this area. With the increasing adoption of electronic government procurement (eGP) systems and the corresponding digitization of transaction records, public procurement has enormous untapped potential for the application of data analytics tools. This paper highlights the successful approaches and good practices of previous PDA work and provide useful resources to World Bank teams with country engagements relating to public procurement. Possibly interesting to a broader audience, an analytical framework is also discussed to guide the application of data analytics tools in public procurement, data sources, the open government agenda, and data standards
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  • 36
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Financial Sector Assessment Program
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Development ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Regulation and Supervision ; Governance ; Non Bank Financial Institutions
    Kurzfassung: The State plays an important role in the provision of financial services in Colombia through state-owned financial institutions (SOFIs), interest rate controls, mandatory investment requirements and credit subsidies. State-owned financial institutions (SOFIs) hold about 12 percent of banking sector assets and about 8 percent of insurance sector assets. SOFIs are key actors in microcredit, agricultural and small business loans markets. The recently created Grupo Bicentenario (GB), a financial holding for SOFIs reporting to the Ministry of Finance (Ministerio de Hacienda y Credito Publico, MHCP), aspires to become the third largest financial group in Colombia. There are also fourteen small subnational development financial institutions (Institutos Financieros de Fomento y Desarrollo Territorial, INFIs), albeit the size of the sector is unknown as most INFIs do not disclose financials. All credit in Colombia is subject to interest rate controls, either ceilings under usury caps set relative to industry rates or regulated rates in socially sensitive sectors. Mandatory investments remunerated at below market rates are used to provide subsidized credit to the agricultural sector. The State also provides interest rate subsidies to private intermediaries lending to certain sectors and subsides agricultural insurance premiums. In the past, agricultural producers have received debt relief, undermining credit culture. Monitoring and evaluation (M and E) and disclosure of public credit support policies and programs and their costs should be substantially strengthened to assess value for money. Information on credit support programs and their subsidies should be systemically compiled, aggregated, and reported. Profitability of SOFIs excluding subsidies should be calculated and disclosed. A strategy for systematic and rigorous impact evaluation of public credit programs and policies should be designed and implemented. The GB should also formulate a strategy for the M and E function at the group level following international best practices that would facilitate aggregate monitoring and disclosing of SOFI activities
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  • 37
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Urban Study
    Schlagwort(e): City Development Strategies ; Governance ; Local Government ; Urban Development ; Urban Housing ; Urbanization
    Kurzfassung: Over the past four decades and prior to the pandemic, the Dominican Republic (DR) experienced high economic growth rates, which were accompanied by an expansion of the middle class and a significant reduction of poverty rate. During the same period, the country became predominantly urban, and its territories evolved from rural and agricultural spaces to large metropolitan areas, consolidating tourism poles in coastal areas and suburban spaces where manufacturing emerged, fueled by the creation of Special Economic Zones (SEZ). In 2020, it is estimated that 82.5 percent of the Dominican Republic's population lives in urban areas; and by 2050 this number will go up to 92 percent.While the economic and territorial transformation of the country has generated opportunities for its population, it has also created a number of challenges which require to be tackled. Such as providing quality basic services, assuring safe and affordable housing solutions to the fast-growing population, assuring firms count with the right enabling environment in the places where they locate and, more recently, supporting the Coronavirus (COVID-19) recovery efforts to build a better future for the country. The government of the Dominican Republic has recognized the opportunities that come with better leveraging its territory and tackling current development challenges; and is pushing to advance an ambitious territorial development reform. This DR's Urbanization and territorial development review aims to inform and contribute to the Government's effort by (i) providing evidence of the main territorial challenges currently being faced by the country with a specific focus on urban areas and lagging regions; (ii) review the current (and proposed reforms to the) regulatory framework for territorial planning and local government finance; and (iii) inform policy decisions at the national, regional, and local levels for ways ahead to address the territories challenges and embrace its opportunities, and to implement the proposed reforms
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  • 38
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Financial Sector Study
    Schlagwort(e): Anti-Money Laundering ; Conflict and Development ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; International Terrorism and Counterterrorism ; Terrorist Financing
    Kurzfassung: The objective of this Terrorist Financing Risk Assessment Tool is to support World Bank Group (WBG) client countries in the assessment and understanding of their terrorist financing (TF) risks per Financial Action Task Force (FATF) Recommendation. The outputs of this risk assessment are expected to guide user countries in applying a risk-based approach to the design and implementation of their regimes for countering the financing of terrorism (CFT) and improve the effectiveness of their CFT measures at national and sectoral levels. The WBG developed a national money laundering (ML) and TF risk assessment tool in 2012-2015 and has been assisting WBG client countries in using the tool for assessing their ML/TF risks. This tool included a module for the assessment of TF risks. Since then, TF risks and typologies have changed, and the FATF's attention on TF has increased. In 2019, the FATF issued Terrorist Financing Risk Assessment Guidance, following on from its earlier guidance on national risk assessments. This new TF Risk Assessment Tool intends to incorporate these developments and the lessons learned from the implementation of the previous TF module in a wide range of countries
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  • 39
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Financial Sector Study
    Schlagwort(e): E-Finance and E-Security ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Governance ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Information Technology ; Science and Technology Development
    Kurzfassung: As economies and societies become increasingly digital, governments around the World are prioritizing the use of digital technologies and data to increase the participation and engagement of civil society in public matters. At the same time, citizen's rising expectations and demands require public sectors to strengthen civil society engagement. Digital technologies and data have the potential to increase substantially the tools that governments have available to further involve citizens in policy and service design and delivery. This how-to-note provides advice on how to use digitalization to strengthen the engagement between the governments and citizens, with various examples of what CivicTech is and why it is an important element of the GovTech approach
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  • 40
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Systematic Country Diagnostics
    Schlagwort(e): Economic Development ; Governance ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Sustainability
    Kurzfassung: This Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) comes at critical moment in Tunisia. Since the 2011 revolution and the promulgation of a new constitution in 2014, Tunisia has been navigating a difficult political transition. While there have been gains in poverty reduction, public trust in government has declined sharply, and the economy has stalled. The COVID-19 pandemic and more recently the effects of the war in Ukraine also exacerbated stresses on the economy, the public finances, and public trust in government. Partly as result of these trends, recent political events since July 25 2021 have marked a break with the 2014 constitutional model, and created great uncertainty regarding the future direction of Tunisia's transition. At the time of writing, it is still uncertain what form Tunisia's new political and constitutional model will take in coming years. The Tunisia SCD takes a ten-year view of trends in Tunisia since 2011, drawing comparisons with other comparable countries, and suggesting possible future pathways. The World Bank Group undertakes SCDs as a diagnostic exercise to identify key challenges and opportunities to accelerate progress towards rebuilding trust and meeting citizen aspirations, and ultimately to contribute to the World Bank Group's twin goals of ending absolute poverty and boosting shared prosperity in a sustainable manner. It is intended to become a reference point for consultations on priorities for World Bank Group country engagement. It is also intended as a contribution to the public debate about Tunisia's path forward. This longer term perspective means that the Tunisia SCD does not place a heavy emphasis on recent events, but rather seeks to situate them in the broader context of trends in equitable growth, poverty reduction, and state capability
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  • 41
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Systematic Country Diagnostics
    Schlagwort(e): Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Economic Development ; Education ; Governance ; Human Capital ; Human Rights ; Indigenous Communities ; Inequality ; Law and Development ; Poverty Reduction
    Kurzfassung: Colombia has long held great promise. The World Bank's 1950 report on Colombia, the institution's first ever study on a developing country, declared, "The potentialities for development in the future are great." The country boasts a vibrant culture, rich natural resources, and resilient people. Despite its great potential, the country's development has been disappointing. As recently as the early 1980s, Colombia's income per capita was similar to that of Chile, Malaysia, Poland, and the Republic of Korea (Figure 1). Subsequent growth in those countries has exceeded Colombia's, and the Republic of Korea is now four times richer in per capita terms than Colombia. Three interlocking long-run constraints have held Colombia back. The first is violence, which has claimed the lives of one million Colombians since 1948. The second is inequity rooted in the nation's history-the Currie Report highlighted 70 years ago that "a wide disparity in levels of income exists between a small wealthy group and the great mass of the population." The third is institutions that have favored the interests of an elite over inclusive growth
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  • 42
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Schlagwort(e): COVID-19 ; Governance ; Gross Domestic Product ; Irrigation ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth
    Kurzfassung: Iraq's economy is gradually emerging from the deep recession caused by the pandemic and the plunge in oil prices in 2020. Higher oil revenues pushed Iraq's overall fiscal and external balances into a surplus in 2021. The turnaround in oil markets has significantly improved Iraq's economic outlook in the medium term. Iraq's fiscal and socio-economic fragilities underscore the urgency of wide-ranging structural reforms by the new government. Iraq's existing food security challenges have intensified with the recent surge in global commodity prices. To plug the food supply gap, Iraq has become increasing reliant on imports for more than half of its food consumption, which has increased the country's exposure to global food price and supply shocks. Subsidies and direct transfers, including recently new measures announced by Government of Iraq (GoI), partly mitigate the impact of rising global prices in the short term. However, achieving food security calls for coordinated efforts to improve domestic production including through raising the efficiency of irrigation water, reducing and rehabilitating soil degradation, improving land management, and implementing climate change adaptation and mitigation measures including the adoption of climate-smart agriculture
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  • 43
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other papers
    Schlagwort(e): E-Government ; Governance ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Information and Communication Technologies
    Kurzfassung: The success of ID projects goes beyond technology-people need to understand and trust the ID system, and governments require information to monitor, evaluate, and improve implementation. If a system is poorly designed and does not reflect the needs and views of the communities it is intended to serve, this can lead to inefficient solutions, trust deficits, low adoption, and exclusion of marginalized groups. Systematic engagement can help improve outcomes for both government and population by fostering confidence and providing early identification of potential problems. The importance of developing ID systems based on inclusion, trust, accountability, and transparency has been recognized by the international community in the Principles on Identification for Sustainable Development. This guidance note aims to inform practitioners undertaking civil registration and ID system projects about the benefits and importance of proactively and meaningfully engaging with civil society organizations (CSOs). Practitioners will also be equipped with leading practice tools and resources to effectively engage CSOs from design to deployment. The information contained in this note is intended to complement World Bank frameworks on stakeholder engagement, which explain how to consult intended beneficiaries and adversely affected populations as part of the planning, design, and implementation of ID projects. This discussion focuses on the specifics of engaging with CSOs, following the request for further guidance formulated by CSOs and ID authorities themselves; these organizations act as an important intermediary to provide a voice to communities and segments of the population that lack a platform or sufficient organization to influence public decisions
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  • 44
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other papers
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Governance ; Public and Municipal Finance ; State-Owned Enterprises
    Kurzfassung: State-owned enterprises (SOEs), entities that provide goods or services on a commercial basis and are controlled by the state, are major economic actors in most countries. SOEs typically deliver essential public services such as access to water, electricity, telecommunications, or transportation. Poorly performing SOEs can be a major drain on the public purse, often requiring state support to maintain operations and posing significant fiscal risks. However, in many partner countries, high-quality, reliable, and publicly available financial and operational information on the SOE portfolio (including enterprises in which the state holds a significant minority stake) is limited. As a result, there is an increasing need and demand for governments to strengthen monitoring of SOE performance and to improve transparency in reporting on the sector. The objective of this note is to examine two distinct but related practices for public reporting on SOEs, aggregate reporting and public sector consolidated financial statements, and suggest options for governments to manage the two processes efficiently
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  • 45
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Policy Notes
    Schlagwort(e): Access of Poor To Social Services ; Anticorruption ; Business Environment ; Energy Security ; Financial Sector ; Fiscal Sustainability ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Governance ; Labor Market ; National Governance ; Poverty Reduction ; Public Sector Development ; Public Sector Management and Reform ; Social Protections and Assistance ; Social Protections and Labor ; Water Resource Management
    Kurzfassung: Moldova's policy priorities and key actions going forward: Strengthening the capacity and governance of public administration; Strengthening the judiciary and the fight against corruption; Supporting a resilient recovery while safeguarding fiscal sustainability; Building fiscal resilience at the subnational level with land administration and property registration and valuation; Enhancing labor markets and addressing COVID-19 challenges; Achieving a sustainable social protection system; Improving the efficiency and resilience of health service delivery; Strengthening environment protection and disaster risk management; Water resource management; Increasing resilience and competitiveness of agriculture; Enhancing the business environment and market competition; Fostering SMEs and strengthening FDI linkages; Enhancing financial sector stability and governance; Strengthening education outcomes and skills; Expanding inclusive digital development opportunities; Multimodal transport and logistics; and Addressing energy security and sustainability
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  • 46
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other papers
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Governance ; Public and Municipal Finance
    Kurzfassung: The COVID-19 pandemic represents the largest economic shock the world economy has witnessed in decades, causing a collapse in global activity. Nevertheless, there are signs that global activities are stabilizing, and have picked up in many large emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs). Global growth is set to reach 5.6 percent in 2021, however, growth will be uneven and concentrated in a few major economies, with most of the EMDEs lagging behind. The Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region has been one the most severely affected in economic and social terms. Its estimated decline in GDP exceeds both that of advanced and developing economies. This study on the impact of COVID-19 on financial reporting in LAC was conducted with the following objectives: (i) Analyze whether the financial impact of COVID-19 is reflected in the financial reports of a sample of countries of the LAC region; (ii) assess whether the balance sheet of the countries included in the sample can convey the long-term fiscal sustainability of the government, reflecting the fiscal risks associated with the financial performance and financial position of the government in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic; and (iii) determine whether the notes to the financial statements are being used to present the financial information in a transparent manner by explaining materially large figures and significant changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic
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  • 47
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Financial Sector Study
    Schlagwort(e): Democratic Government ; E-Government ; Financial Policy ; Governance ; Information and Communication Technologies ; National Governance
    Kurzfassung: Authorities in Mexico are seeking solutions to the complex task of improving efficiency in the financial and government sectors when identifying individuals and legal entities, while balancing other public-policy objectives, such as governance, technological neutrality, safety, privacy, and universal coverage. The objective of this document is to describe the identity-management system (IMS) in Mexico and its importance to the financial-sector environment while reflecting on the need for digital identification and authentication procedures and processes. The document will analyze the different options for, and policy implications of, the digital identification of individuals and legal entities in Mexico when meeting financial policy objectives and regulation. This document builds on the principles established by the G20 on digital financial inclusion, the Identity management system analysis, and the common principles on Identification for sustainable development. It takes into account standards and guidelines issued in the financial-sector context that recognize the need to identify individuals and legal entities and intends to provide guidance to Mexican authorities when defining policies that involve the need to identify individuals and legal entities. The document is organized as follows: First, an executive summary presents key observations and recommendations for authorities. A discussion of identification systems in the financial sector comes next, followed by a description of the IMSs in Mexico, including the institutional arrangements, and then by sections on digital identity and the legal framework supporting such infrastructures. Finally, the report concludes with a section on potential actions, which build on initiatives in other countries, which are included along with the report. International standards are attached as appendixes to support the methodology used to elaborate this document
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  • 48
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Financial Sector Study
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Economics ; Financial Regulation and Supervision ; Financial Structures ; Governance ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth
    Kurzfassung: Central counterparties (CCPs) require a certain level of market development to operate in a safe and efficient manner. This note presents a practical cost-benefit analysis framework for country authorities to decide whether this specific type of financial market infrastructure will benefit their markets, financial institutions, and investors, or whether the costs of a CCP are higher than its benefits. The note discusses three key questions: (1) Are the necessary preconditions met-for example, is the market sufficiently liquid to enable the CCP to calculate margin; (2) Will a CCP support a well-functioning market; and (3) Is there a positive business case Introducing a CCP is recommended only when all questions can be answered in the affirmative. Otherwise, alternative clearing models should be considered, such as bilateral clearing between financial institutions, multilateral netting with a guarantee, prefunding, or clearing through a CCP abroad. Often, introducing a CCP uncovers a chicken-and-egg problem whereby a CCP will positively impact market liquidity while at the same time a minimum level of market liquidity is a condition to set up a CCP. In such cases, the introduction of a CCP should be part of a comprehensive market development plan
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  • 49
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Infrastructure Study
    Schlagwort(e): Digital Divide ; E-Finance and E-Security ; E-Government ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Governance ; Information and Communication Technologies
    Kurzfassung: Migrating from legacy IT infrastructure and data storage to cloud services can yield enormous benefits for governments: it can save governments money; increase the integrity, quality, and speed with which they deliver services; and provide access to the most advanced analytical tools and cybersecurity features available. These benefits have spurred a shift by governments across the globe away from legacy information technology (IT) systems, and towards cloud solutions, including public cloud services
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  • 50
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Schlagwort(e): Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Impact Evaluation ; Poverty Reduction
    Kurzfassung: This evaluation assesses the quality of the World Bank's early response to the COVID-19 crisis and the initial steps toward recovery, focusing on the health and social response. It concentrates on the relief stage and support to restructure systems in the first 15 months of the pandemic (February 1, 2020, to April 30, 2021) in 106 countries. A parallel Independent Evaluation Group evaluation looks at the World Bank Group support to address the economic implications of the pandemic. To assess the quality of the response, the evaluation is guided by a theory of action that synthesizes evidence in three dimensions: relevance of support to the needs of countries; implementation, learning, and adjustment; and operational policy and partnerships to support smooth responses in countries. As the response is ongoing, the evaluation does not assess effectiveness but considers early results and pathways that are expected to lead to outcomes. The findings from the evaluation inform four recommendations for ensuring stronger future preparedness: (i) Use the World Bank's crisis recovery efforts to strengthen the resilience of essential health and education. (ii) Apply a gender equality lens to health and social crisis response actions across sectors. (iii) Help countries strengthen regional cooperation and crisis response capacities for public health preparedness. (iv) Build on the COVID-19 experience to strengthen the World Bank's internal crisis preparedness so that it has the tools and procedures ready to respond in future emergencies
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  • 51
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Financial Sector Study
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Intermediation ; Financial Regulation and Supervision ; Financial Services ; Governance ; Insurance and Risk Mitigation
    Kurzfassung: This note examines the implications of digital innovation for market structure and attendant policies, including financial and competition regulation. There have been several surveys of regulatory responses. This note takes a step back, to look at what the economic theory of banking and financial intermediation can tell us about how technology may drive industrial organization in the sector, and how that might inform further policy responses. The paper roots the impact of the digital transformation of finance in innovations that have enabled providers to address long-standing challenges of financial intermediation, including asymmetric information, uncertainty, incomplete markets, and fixed and variable costs of production. The paper describes how digital innovation affects these key economic frictions in finance and alters the financial services value chain and industrial organization. The forces driving these changes, and potential outcomes in terms of industry structure, lead to insights for policy makers on how to harness the benefits of fintech, while mitigating some of the risks, particularly around competition and market structure. The focus is on economic and technological forces that apply broadly across financial services. It recognizes that the sector encompasses a wide range of different products and services and is composed of numerous sub-markets that might use different technologies or have different economic structures. These may thus diverge in market structure and competition outcomes
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  • 52
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Financial Sector Study
    Schlagwort(e): Armed Conflict ; Conflict and Development ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Governance ; International Financial Markets ; International Governmental Organizations ; International Organizations ; Law and Development
    Kurzfassung: The war in Ukraine is a human tragedy for the people of Ukraine, but its economic implications are global. This instant report focuses on the direct impact of the war on world trade and investment. It identifies five trade and investment channels through which countries will be affected by the war in Ukraine. These encompass disruptions to: (i) commodity markets (especially food and energy), (ii) logistic networks, (iii) supply chains, (iv) foreign direct investment, (v) specific sectors. The report finds that world trade will drop by 1 percent, lowering global GDP by 0.7 percent and GDP of low-income countries by 1 percent. Beyond these direct effects, the war's long-term implications for global trade and investment will largely depend on how governments respond to the changing geopolitical environment
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  • 53
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Social Protection Study
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Local Government ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; National Governance ; Pension Reform ; Pensions and Retirement Systems ; Social Funds and Pensions ; Social Protections and Labor
    Kurzfassung: Brazil's pension system takes up an oversized proportion of its social protection spending. It comprises of Regime Geral de Previdencia Social (RGPS), covering private sector workers, and over two thousand Regimes Proprios de Previdencia Social (RPPS), insuring public civil servants at federal and subnational levels. While the total membership of RPPS only stands at about 10 percent of RGPS coverage, its spending amounts to almost half of RGPS pension outlays. This paper attempts to present an integrated view of RPPS pension schemes, their influence on subnational budgets, and their interaction with human resource policies. After a brief introduction, Chapter 3 starts by documenting the history of civil service and its associated pension schemes, looking for explanations on how subnational RPPS became so big, dispersed, and difficult to reform. The fiscal consequences of subnational civil service pension scheme expansion and maturation, including RPPS role in the fiscal challenges and policies of the last few years, are discussed in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 attempts to expose important interlinkages between pension and human resource policies and argues for the need of integrated policy approach. Chapter 6 describes the history of previous RPPS reform attempts, while Chapter 7 focuses on the effects of federal pension reform of 2019 on subnational civil servant pension schemes. The paper ends with lessons and policy recommendations for the future
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  • 54
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Debt Management Performance Assessment
    Schlagwort(e): Debt Management ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: The Bolivian economy is gradually recovering from the pandemic-induced recession. La Paz Municipality primary balance has fluctuated near balance as this municipality managed to cushion the decline in hydrocarbon revenues and the pandemic. The DeMPA assessment for the Autonomous Municipal Government of La Paz (Gobierno Autonomo Municipal de La Paz) - GAMLP was undertaken by applying the 2016 methodology available for local governments at the time of the mission. The Subnational DeMPA (SN DeMPA) is a methodology for assessing public debt management performance through a comprehensive set of indicators spanning the full range of government debt management functions. This report is divided in 4 sections. Section 2 briefly describes the economic background of the country, and more specifically of the Municipality of La Paz (including challenges and changes brought by COVID-19 pandemics) and presents an overview of the local government debt portfolio. Section 3 summarizes the applied methodology for the assessment and discloses assigned scores for each of the 13 Debt Performance Indicators and the 31 sub-indicators. Finally, section 4 provides details for each assessed sub-indicators, pointing for the requirements that are met for the assigned score, and what is missing for the GAMLP achieving improved scores in a future assessment
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  • 55
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other papers
    Schlagwort(e): Access To Finance ; Ethics ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Governance ; Human Rights ; ICT Data and Statistics ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Private Sector Development
    Kurzfassung: Technology is at the core of credit reporting systems, which have evolved significantly over the past decade by adopting new technologies and business models. As disruptive technologies have been increasingly adopted around the globe, concerns have arisen over possible misuse or unethical use of these new technologies. These concerns inspired international institutions and national authorities to issue high-level principles and guidance documents on responsible technology use. While adopting new technologies benefits the credit reporting industry, unintended negative outcomes of these technologies from ethics and human rights perspectives must also be considered. The white paper begins with a brief introductory section, followed in section 2 with a discussion of technology use in credit reporting, with a special focus on the key disruptive technologies being increasingly adopted by the industry. Section 3 provides information on the scope, development, and high-level principles of several key technology frameworks, including the principles underlying their responsible use. Section 4 introduces ten principles to guide responsible use of technology in credit reporting activities. Section 5 discusses considerations for applying the principles. The section concludes with use cases illustrating the principles in action
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  • 56
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Procurement Study
    Schlagwort(e): Competition ; Competition Policy ; Governance ; National Governance ; Private Sector Development ; Public Procurement ; Public Sector Development ; Transparency
    Kurzfassung: Procurement of commonly used items is a challenge for government agencies. If the items are repeatedly purchased in one-off fashion, so that the total volume is significant, there may be potential problems like loss of economy of scale, loss of efficiency, lower competition, and no long-term partnership with suppliers. Framework agreements (FAs) have emerged as a potential solution for the issues. Many countries (particularly in Americas and Europe) have used FAs successfully, though the use of FAs by countries outside these regions is still very low. Hence there is tremendous potential for scaling-up the use of FAs in developing countries. This study uses public procurement data from Brazil and Colombia, two major users of FAs. The subsequent chapters will describe the data used for the analysis, the methodology, and the findings. The country contexts, designs of FAs, available data and research questions vary across Brazil and Colombia, and therefore the empirical findings are not comparable between these two countries. For each country case, the analysis provides insights on the benefits and costs of using FAs and useful lessons that can be informative for other countries that are considering adopting or strengthening the use of FAs with similar design. Chapter one gives introduction. Chapters two and three cover data analytics from Brazil and Colombia respectively. Additionally, following annexures are part of this report: annexure-A: a brief introduction to regression analysis; annexure-B: supporting data and information - Brazil; and annexure-C: supporting data and information - Colombia
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  • 57
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Financial Accountability Study
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Regulation and Supervision ; Governance ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Information Technology ; Public Sector Development ; Public Sector Management and Reform
    Kurzfassung: Supreme audit institutions (SAIs) recognize the benefits of using technology to improve the quality and impact of their audits. This benefit has further intensified during the COVID-19 pandemic; SAIs with existing technology capacity have continued to perform their role effectively and efficiently. The paper explores how at a global level SAIs are using technology to perform more efficient and more effective audits. It provides a brief overview of how some SAIs are harnessing the possibilities created by advances in technology to develop new, innovative audit methods and procedures. It also seeks to identify the factors inhibiting other SAIs in particular SAIs in developing countries from implementing and using audit methods based on information technology (IT). Against this background, the paper suggests ways in which the World Bank, working with other stakeholders, can facilitate the more extensive and more effective use of IT-based tools and methods by SAIs. The impact of COVID-19 has introduced a new important consideration: namely, how IT has helped some SAIs respond with agility and resilience to the unprecedented and completely unforeseen circumstances created by the pandemic
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  • 58
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Public Sector Study
    Schlagwort(e): Accountability ; Governance ; National Governance ; Public Sector Development ; Public Sector Management and Reform ; Strategic Planning ; Transparency
    Kurzfassung: This note presents the main trends in strategic planning across public sector administrations in seven countries: Australia, Canada, Brazil, Mexico, Malaysia, South Korea, and Colombia. It was prepared in response to the Indian Government's interest in understanding the emerging trends in the evolution of strategic planning in a range of countries and effectively adapting this function across public administration at the national and subnational levels
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  • 59
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Partnership Frameworks
    Schlagwort(e): Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Education ; Governance ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; International Governmental Organizations ; National Governance ; Partnerships ; Poverty ; Poverty Reduction ; Private Participation in Infrastructure ; Public Sector Development ; Public Sector Management and Reform
    Kurzfassung: Iraq is at a crossroads. The Iraqi government struggles to navigate internal as well as regional security challenges. Despite the current uncertain circumstances, the Country Partnership Framework (CPF) provides a suitable country engagement instrument to support Iraq's progress and builds off of longstanding World Bank Group (WBG) engagement and partnership with Iraq, including in the period since the last CPF and Performance Learning Review (PLR). This CPF is organized under two pillars and supported by foundational elements - (i) improved governance, public service delivery, and private sector participation, and (ii) strengthened human capital
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  • 60
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Public Sector Study
    Schlagwort(e): Decentralization ; Governance ; Local Government ; Public Sector Development ; Public Sector Management and Reform
    Kurzfassung: Over the past twenty years, Indonesia has pursued an ambitious policy agenda for decentralization. Indonesia's subnational governments play a key role in providing frontline services. In 2014, Indonesia's Village Law ushered in a new chapter in the country's decentralization agenda. The law establishes a legal and financial foundation for villages to contribute to Indonesia's rural development. In 2020, village transfers accounted for around ten percent of all subnational transfers, playing an important role in Indonesia's Coronavirus (COVID-19) response strategy. Despite these positive results, several frontier issues in the overall decentralization agenda hinder villages' contributing potential to improving frontline service delivery. This report categorizes these structural challenges into four broad categories of regulatory challenges, coordination gaps, limited capacity building systems, and fragmentation in accountability systems. The report aims to show how overcoming these structural challenges can enable the government to institutionalize systems of accountability and participation into its wider service delivery framework
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  • 61
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Public Investment Review
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Public Sector Development
    Kurzfassung: At the 2019 Finance and Economic Ministers Meeting (FEMM), policy makers called for improved transparency of the Pacific trust funds' management practices and investment results as a way to foster its improved management going forward. FEMM tasked the World Bank to undertake the study. Whereas significant progress has been made in establishing international best practices for sovereign or large public funds or both, trust funds in the Pacific are unique in making direct application of those practices challenging. Furthermore, the comparative analysis of the management practices and relevant performance metrics of Pacific trust funds are still lacking. FEMM's objective for disclosing comparative analysis of Pacific funds investment results is to further stimulate collaborative discussion on how to continue to strengthen Pacific funds' management and to inform the design and implementation of relevant reforms. In response to the FEMM request, this note will address the current vacuum of comparable information about Pacific funds' investment management practices building on: (a) the World Bank engagements with the funds over the past five years; and (b) relevant information provided by those funds specifically for this analysis. This comparative study is meant to inform policy and decisionmakers governing the funds on the effect of their investment governance decisions on performance of the funds over the medium to long term
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  • 62
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other papers
    Schlagwort(e): Digital Divide ; E-Government ; Governance ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Information Technology ; Public Service Delivery
    Kurzfassung: This policy note highlights the important benefits that digital government can bring to a country's government and people. Specifically, it states the rationale for digital government transformation in Vietnam and lays out the what and how of a prioritization and sequencing strategy that can deliver digital government results and enable Vietnam to reap those benefits
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  • 63
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Corporate Governance Assessment
    Schlagwort(e): Corporate Governance ; Economic Conditions and Volatility ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Macroeconomic Management ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Development
    Kurzfassung: This report assesses the Republic of Georgia's corporate governance (CG) policy framework, as it stands in December 2021. The report on the observance of standards and codes (ROSC) highlights recent improvements in CG regulations, assesses actual practices, makes policy recommendations, and provides investors with a benchmark against which to measure CG in Georgia. The report focuses on the governance of public interest entities (PIEs), which in Georgia are defined by law to include listed companies, banks, and state-owned enterprises (SOEs). The report draws on several sources of data, including a detailed country assessment completed by Dentons Georgia LLC, that covered both the legal framework and CG practices. Recommendations draw on a range of internationally recognized standards, guidelines, and practices, and the latest available research produced by the World Bank and others. The report also uses the policies and practices outlined in the World Bank's integrated SOE framework (iSOEF) and toolkit on CF of SOE, for the assessment of SOE governance frameworks and practices. This report offers a comprehensive assessment of the existing CG policies and practices in Georgia, and suggests policy recommendations for consideration, which are summarized in a sequenced action plan. The report and its recommendations are tailored to the country's context and its current development stage and reflect the recent improvements to the legal and regulatory environment
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  • 64
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Public Expenditure Review
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Local Government ; Public Sector Development
    Kurzfassung: This report represents the largest assessment of village spending since the enactment of the Village Law. The findings presented here are based on a public expenditure analysis of financial data from 45,625 rural villages across 248 districts and 33 provinces. This represents over 58 percent of all villages, although coverage of villages by province varies between 5 percent in Papua Barat to 100 percent in Bali. The objective of this report is to provide an initial assessment of Indonesia's village spending and budget credibility, which will in turn strengthen the ability of the Government of Indonesia and village administrations to solve the pressing problems facing rural communities. The report is structured into four parts: analysis of village reporting, expenditures, revenues, and performance
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  • 65
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Country Partnership Frameworks
    Schlagwort(e): Business Environment ; Climate Change ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Finance and Development ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Governance ; Human Capital ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty
    Kurzfassung: This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) of the World Bank Group (WBG) for the Republic of Djibouti covers the period from FY22 to FY26. It was prepared in a global and national context marked by the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. It will support the government's overarching Vision 2035 and the priorities of the new national strategy, Djibouti Institutions-Connectivity-Inclusion (ICI) for 2020-2024. The WBG program will remain flexible and adaptable to events in a region experiencing volatility, including in Ethiopia, Djibouti's largest trading partner, and Yemen, located across the Gulf of Aden. The CPF's overarching objective is to support Djibouti's goal of reducing poverty through broad-based and inclusive private sector-led growth. The CPF has two focus areas: (1) promoting inclusive private sector-led growth job creation and human capital; and (2) strengthening the role and capacity of the state. In preparing this CPF, the WBG held consultations with key stakeholders in Djibouti, including the government, parliament, private sector, and civil society. Stakeholders encouraged the WBG to play a leading role in supporting the structural reform agenda and helping the country mitigate the challenges posed by the protracted presence of refugees. They underlined the importance of enhancing service delivery and reducing the cost of services, particularly in the telecom/ICT and energy sectors, but also in health and education, public administration, justice, land administration, and the business environment
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  • 66
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Institutional and Governance Review
    Schlagwort(e): Business Environment ; Business Regulation ; Debt Management ; Equity ; Governance ; Macroeconomic Management ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; National Governance ; Public Sector Development ; Public Sector Management and Reform ; Social Inclusion ; Sovereign Debt
    Kurzfassung: The Country Policy and Institutional Assessment (CPIA) 2021 Africa report provides an assessment of the quality of policies and institutions of International Development Association (IDA); eligible countries in Sub-Saharan Africa in calendar year 2020, at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. The report analyzes the CPIA scores for 2020 to assess the extent to which the policies and institutions of the region's IDA countries are fostering sustainable growth, poverty reduction, and the effective utilization of development resources. The CPIA scores quantify the level of performance of each country against 16 criteria that represent the policy and institutional arrangements of an effective poverty reduction and growth strategy. The criteria are grouped into four clusters: economic management, structural policies, policies for social inclusion and equity, and public sector management and institutions. Countries are rated on a scale between 1 and 6, with high and rising scores signifying stronger policy and institutional frameworks
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  • 67
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Schlagwort(e): Business Cycles and Stabilization Policies ; E-Government ; Economic Growth ; Employment ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Governance ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Monetary Policy ; Poverty Reduction ; Public Finance
    Kurzfassung: The Egyptian economy continues to show resilience through the COVID-19 pandemic, due to the macroeconomic and energy sector reforms implemented in recent years, along with measures to ease monetary conditions, provide selected sectoral support and mobilize external financing. Real GDP growth and foreign income activities started recovering since Q4-FY2020/21. However, global COVID-related challenges and an uneven recovery across the world continue to restrain the rebound. Foreign reserves remain ample, but the widened current account deficit has increased financing requirements. Fiscal consolidation has helped bring down the budget deficit-to-GDP ratio. Yet, fiscal space remains constrained by the interest burden and below-potential revenue-mobilization. Egypt is expected to resume pre-pandemic growth in FY2021/22 as the COVID-situation gradually improves. Further advancement of structural reforms is critical to sustain the recovery, drive productivity growth and generate high-earning job opportunities. The Focus Chapter in this report is dedicated to the topic of government digitalization; a key priority of the country's national structural reform program. Egypt is currently at a relatively elevated level of government digitalization, according to international indices such as the United Nations E-Government Development Index, as well as the newly constructed World Bank GovTech Maturity Index. For the recent digitalization efforts to realize their potential and further enhance governance and public service delivery, continued reforms require focus on: (1) The roll-out of 'end-to-end' digital solutions (whereby digital transformation occurs in every step throughout a given governmental process), ensuring the integration and inter-connectedness (inter-operability) of related government systems, (2) Complementing digital transformation with a continued simplification and streamlining of government processes. (3) Strengthening the foundations of the "Digital Economy" in Egypt is crucial to effectively leverage technologies for a more efficient government, and for large-scale uptake by individuals and businesses. This will require (3-a) Continuous investments in digital infrastructure across the country to ensure uninterrupted availability of essential digital government services and universal access to high quality internet, (3-b) Promotion of digital skills, (3-c) Incentivizing use of digital financial services, and (3-d) Ensuring an overall conducive legal and regulatory framework for the digital transformation of the economy
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  • 68
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting 20(2020), 2 vom: 31. Juli, Seite 67-96 | volume:20 | year:2020 | number:2 | day:31 | month:07 | pages:67-96
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Sprache: Englisch
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: 20(2020), 2 vom: 31. Juli, Seite 67-96
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:20
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2020
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: day:31
    Angaben zur Quelle: month:07
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:67-96
    Schlagwort(e): equality ; framework ; budgeting ; Gender ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics ; Slovak Republic ; United States ; Aufsatz in Zeitschrift
    Kurzfassung: Gender inequality is an important and visible issue for OECD countries and the costs are borne at both social and economic levels. In line with the 2015 OECD Recommendation on Gender Equality in Public Life, gender budgeting ensures that gender equality considerations are taken systematically into account in tax and spending decisions. Effective implementation of gender budgeting has the potential to improve gender equality, ensure a sense of fairness and contribute to inclusive economic growth. This paper draws on the experiences of OECD countries and aims to provide insights into how the budget process can develop as a tool to support gender equality goals; the different ways in which gender budgeting can be implemented; and the factors that help provide an enabling environment for gender budgeting. Arising from this analysis, this paper proposes initial guidelines for designing and implementing gender budgeting to assist countries in putting in place an effective and sustainable approach. It also presents a first pass at a composite index for gender budgeting which assesses the extent to which OECD countries gender budgeting efforts are characterised by a strong strategic framework, effective tools of implementation and an enabling environment.
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  • 69
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting 18(2019), 3 vom: 6. Mai, Seite 9-80 | volume:18 | year:2019 | number:3 | day:6 | month:05 | pages:9-80
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Sprache: Englisch
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: 18(2019), 3 vom: 6. Mai, Seite 9-80
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:18
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2019
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: day:6
    Angaben zur Quelle: month:05
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:9-80
    Schlagwort(e): Nurly Zhol ; National Fund ; budget transparency ; citizen engagement ; gender budgeting ; Budgetary oversight ; Budgetary governance ; Governance ; Kazakhstan ; Aufsatz in Zeitschrift
    Kurzfassung: The Republic of Kazakhstan is the largest economy in central Asia, and one of the fastest growing in the region. Having benefited from oil wealth as well as a diversifying and liberalised economy, Kazakhstan envisages a progressive modernisation of the political, administrative and juridical culture within the country. While strong progress has already been made on several fronts, other aspects of these envisaged reforms are at early stages. This OECD review takes stock of these reform efforts, and is designed to assist the national authorities in charting a course for future reforms and innovations.
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  • 70
    Online-Ressource
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    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Financial Sector Study
    Schlagwort(e): E-Business ; E-Finance and E-Security ; E-Government ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Governance ; Infrastructure Economics ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; Private Sector Development
    Kurzfassung: Madagascar is an island nation located in the Indian Ocean off the south-eastern coast of Africa, and the fourth-largest island in the world. Despite the country's extensive economic opportunities and expansive natural resources, real GDP per capita is one of the lowest in the world. This situation can largely be imparted to decades of political instability and recurring crises, which have severely thwarted development efforts. The time is opportune to leverage the potential of digital technology to support a responsive government and promote a vibrant digital economy. Digital transformation has been described as the fourth industrial revolution, and if harnessed strategically, it can help reduce inequalities, and promote economic growth and high value job creation. It can also improve access to public services and to information, thereby strengthening government accountability and trust in the State. Much remains to be done in Madagascar. Madagascar has already made remarkable progress in the digital economy. Preparation of this diagnostic involved desk research on the areas comprising the five digital economy pillars, as well as several in-country missions during which members of a core research team conducted broad consultations with counterparts, government, the private sector, and user representatives
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  • 71
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 17, no. 3, p. 9-93 | volume:17 | year:2018 | number:3 | pages:9-93
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (85 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 17, no. 3, p. 9-93
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:17
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2018
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:9-93
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: Despite being one of the newest countries in the world today, Timor-Leste has made great progress in building its institutions and economic capacity.With international support, Timor-Leste aims to improve its public financial management systems according to global benchmarks. Grounded upon the principles of the OECD’s Recommendation on Budgetary Governance and building on existing diagnostic and analytical materials this review performs a fresh assessment of the country’s current financial management systems and outlines a practical “roadmap” for progress in key areas of budgeting and planning over coming years.
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  • 72
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting 18(2018), 1 vom: 2. Okt., Seite 9-88 | volume:18 | year:2018 | number:1 | day:2 | month:10 | pages:9-88
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Sprache: Englisch
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: 18(2018), 1 vom: 2. Okt., Seite 9-88
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:18
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2018
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: day:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: month:10
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:9-88
    Schlagwort(e): Budget reforms ; performance ; impact assessment ; financial management ; transparency ; cash and accruals financial reporting ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics ; Austria ; Aufsatz in Zeitschrift
    Kurzfassung: Over the past decade Austria has undertaken a carefully-considered and ambitious series of modern budgeting reforms. Evaluation of the budget reforms was purposely built into the reform process. The budget law provides for an external evaluation no later than 2017. To meet these obligations, Austria’s Federal Ministry of Finance (Bundesministerium für Finanzen, BMF) set in place a comprehensive evaluation process in three parts during 2017. A first review conducted by the IMF focused on fiscal transparency. This second review, carried out by the OECD, covers budgetary management, performance budgeting and related issues. A third review by the Alpen- Adria University is focused on the financial management and reporting system including accrual accounting; as well as preparation of a synthesis report drawing upon the three stand-alone studies. The external evaluation exercises come after an internal evaluation conducted by the BMF which has considered several of these topics; some reforms have already been implemented, or are now underway, on foot of that internal review. JEL codes: H50, H61, H83 Keywords: Budget reforms, performance, impact assessment, financial management, transparency, cash and accruals financial reporting
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  • 73
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 16, no. 3, p. 71-107 | volume:16 | year:2017 | number:3 | pages:71-107
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (37 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 3, p. 71-107
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:16
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2017
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:71-107
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: Gender gaps persist in education, employment, entrepreneurship and public life opportunities and outcomes. Gender budgeting involves using the tools, techniques and procedures of the budget cycle in a systematic way to promote equality. Responses to the 2016 OECD Survey of Gender Budgeting Practices show that almost half of OECD countries have introduced, plan to introduce or are actively considering the introduction of gender budgeting. The OECD analysis demonstrates that a wide variety of gender budgeting approaches are practised. Only half of OECD countries can currently point to specific examples of impact, however a wider range of impacts may become more evident in the future since the introduction of gender budgeting is relatively recent in many countries. Useful areas for further study and policy action include: the routine availability of gender-disaggregated data; embedding of genderspecific approaches within the normal annual routines of budgeting; and complementing executive-led approaches with external quality assurance. JEL codes:H54, H60, H61 Keywords: Gender budgeting, gender equality, budgetary process, budgeting practices
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  • 74
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 17, no. 1, p. 1-60 | volume:17 | year:2017 | number:1 | pages:1-60
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 17, no. 1, p. 1-60
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:17
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2017
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:1-60
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: The European Union has a unique system of institutions and relationships between different levels of government resulting in a close attention to the performance aspects of budgeting. The EU system of budgeting for performance and results is advanced and highly specified, scoring higher than any OECD country in the standard index of performance budgeting frameworks. Aimed at improving the effectiveness of the EU budget in contributing to the achievement of EU objectives for growth, the EU Budget Focused on Results initiative is one that is gaining more focus and importance since it was launched in 2015. This report is the OECD’s independent assessment of how the EU model of budgeting for performance and results compares with good practice around the world, in line with the long-established practice of OECD Budget Reviews; and offers suggestions for how the current reform agenda might be advanced. JEl Codes: H50, H61, H83 Keywords: Europe 2020, Multiannual Financial Framework, Annual Management and Performance Report, European Court of Audit, EU Budget Focused on Results
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  • 75
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (101 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 3, p. 109-209
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:16
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2017
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:109-209
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: This report is the result of a survey conducted in 2013 and finalised in 2014. The survey was based on self-reporting by 33 OECD and 13 PEMPAL countries and involved the participation of OECD and World Bank staff. This report is organised according to 7 main dimensions of the budget process. These 7 dimensions is addressed in greater detail in sections 2 to 8. JEL codes: H11, H50, H60, H70 Keywords: PEMPAL, Fiscal sustainability, MTEF, capital budgeting, budgeting techniques, performance budgeting, budget transparency, budgetary governance.
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  • 76
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 17, no. 1, p. 1-56 | volume:17 | year:2017 | number:1 | pages:1-56
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (56 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 17, no. 1, p. 1-56
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:17
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2017
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:1-56
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: Oaxaca recently experienced a period of rapid growth of public expenditure, in response to social and economic priorities. These increases in expenditure were not accompanied with corresponding increases in actual revenues, thus leading to the build-up of deficits. In 2013, the state embraced a consolidation plan, increasing revenue collections and cutting public expenditure and investment, aiming to restore budgetary balance by 2016. The Secretariat of Finance of Oaxaca has recently introduced a more robust legal framework to ensure fiscal sustainability, and avoid such policy fluctuations in the future. Despite recent improvements, there is still space to improve budget practices towards a more planned, accountable, participative and transparent budget process, as well as having an institutional and legal framework in place to ensure these practices have continuity between administrations.
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  • 77
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 9-74 | volume:16 | year:2017 | number:2 | pages:9-74
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (66 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 2, p. 9-74
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:16
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2017
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:9-74
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: Sweden’s budget reforms of the 1990s, which were intended to introduce greater clarity, transparency and rigour to fiscal policy-making, have proven influential throughout Europe and across the OECD. This report finds that the budget framework has demonstrated resilience and that it continues to command confidence among the broad range of budgetary stakeholders. However, a number of tensions are apparent as the framework responds to the challenges and priorities of post-crisis budgeting, and each of its key dimensions has been undergoing review and adaptation. Future reforms should focus on addressing a certain fragmentation apparent in some areas (such as performance information, evaluation, public investment strategy and fiscal risk). Sweden’s advanced and pioneering practices, in areas such as cross-government collaboration and gender budgeting, may also benefit from more open, participative and citizen-facing initiatives in policy design and performance accountability.
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  • 78
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 65-111 | volume:16 | year:2016 | number:1 | pages:65-111
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (47 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 16, no. 1, p. 65-111
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:16
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2016
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:65-111
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Ireland
    Kurzfassung: Budget oversight by the Irish parliamentary chambers, the Houses of the Oireachtas, is under-developed by international standards. Many stakeholders and participants question whether the existing process is meaningful or impactful. Nevertheless, there is a strong momentum for reform with Ireland’s public administration. Against this background, the OECD presents in this report an analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of Ireland’s system of parliamentary engagement in budgeting, and outlines a number of proposals for continued reform by reference to international experience, for consideration by the Houses of the Oireachtas and by other institutional actors and by the political system more generally. JEL Classification: H5, H57, H60 Keywords: Budget process, Dáil, Ireland, Oireachtas, parliament, public administration
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9789264060111
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Estudio de la OCDE sobre políticas y regulación de telecomunicaciones en México
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD review of telecommunication policy and regulation in Mexico
    Schlagwort(e): Telekommunikationspolitik ; Regulierung ; Mexiko ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Mexico ; Mexiko ; Telekommunikationspolitik ; Regulierung
    Kurzfassung: This publication reviews the telecommunication market in Mexico, examines the current policy and regulatory framework of the sector and puts forward proposals for reform in order to develop competition in the market.
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  • 80
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    Seoul : OECD/Korea Policy Centre, Korea
    ISBN: 9789264169982
    Sprache: Koreanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (275 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Doing Better for Families
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Assurer le bien-être des familles
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
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  • 81
    ISBN: 9789264166790
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Review of Telecommunication Policy and Regulation in Mexico
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Science and Technology ; Mexico
    Kurzfassung: El presente estudio ha sido realizado por la Dirección de Ciencia, Tecnología e Industria de la ocde (dsti) bajo los auspicios del Comité de Políticas de la Información, Informática y Comunicación (Comité iccp) en respuesta a una solicitud del gobierno de México, a instancias de la Comisión Federal de Telecomunicaciones (Cofetel), y a través de la Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes (sct), por ser ambas instituciones las encargadas de representar a México en el Comité iccp. La revisión de la ocde de la política y la regulación de las telecomunicaciones tomó como base las respuestas de las autoridades mexicanas a un cuestionario, así como los resultados de una extensa serie de entrevistas realizadas a los principales actores del sector de las telecomunicaciones durante una misión de investigación efectuada en México. El informe fue objeto de una revisión de pares en el Comité iccp el 27 de octubre de 2011, siendo la revisión encabezada por la doctora Mónica Ariño (Ofcom, Reino Unido) y el señor François Lions (arcep, Francia). Se terminó a principios de noviembre de 2011 y refleja los avances hasta ese momento.
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  • 82
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    Budapest : Hungarian Institute for Educational Research and Development
    ISBN: 9789264174610
    Sprache: Ungarisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Networks of Innovation; Towards New Models for Managing Schools and Systems
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Réseaux d'innovation ; Vers de nouveaux modèles de gestion des écoles et des systèmes
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Networks of Innovation: Towards New Models for Managing Schools and Systems
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Réseaux d'innovation : Vers de nouveaux modèles de gestion des écoles et des systèmes
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: A hazai és nemzetközi tapasztalatok alapján az intézményi, helyi és rendszerszintű változások elősegítéséhez célszerű az érintettek partnerségére törekedni, és a párhuzamos erőfeszítések révén nyert tudást, valamint a működő gyakorlatok cseréjét a hálózatos működés lehetőségeivel támogatni. A meglévő tapasztalatok ellenére a hálózatokban zajló munka, különösen új hálózatok építése és működésük vagy növekedésük segítése, áldozattal járó kihívás a többség számára. A horizontális együttműködéssel járó erőfeszítések olyan befektetést jelentenek, amelyek számos közvetett hatáson keresztül és gyakran csak hosszabb távon „térülnek meg”. A hálózatosodás szakmai és pénzügyi ösztönzése csökkentheti a többletvállalásoktól való tartózkodást, a szakmai elbizonytalanodás és a konfliktusoktól való félelem kockázatát. A pályázati lehetőségeken túl az eredményes együttműködés technikai és emberi dimenzióira is nagy hangsúlyt kell fektetni. Az e területre vonatkozó tudás gyarapításához kíván lendületet adni a kiadvány, melynek kérdésfelvetéseit, elméleti alapvetéseit és esettanulmányokra épülő gyakorlati következtetéseit reményeink szerint izgalmas viták és a hálózatosodás további erősödése követheti majd.
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9789264167001
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (157 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Fiscal Federalism Studies
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Institutional and financial relations across levels of government
    Schlagwort(e): Öffentliche Finanzen ; Finanzbeziehungen ; Dezentralisierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Finanzwirtschaft ; Dezentralisation
    Kurzfassung: As financial markets put more and more pressure on governments to reduce their deficits and debts, sub-central levels of government are a key player in the implementation of national strategies. The room for manoeuvre to implement consolidations strategies coordinated across levels of government highly depends on the institutional structure of intergovernmental relations, and the effectiveness of their multi-level governance structure. This was already the case for recovery strategies, in the beginning of the crisis. This report provides an overview of the institutional and financial relations across levels of government that enables policymakers evaluate their position and identify good practices for mobilizing sub-central governments for national growth, equity and stability objectives. This report is divided into two parts: the first part is analytical and the second part provides institutional and quantitative country information and comparisons.
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  • 84
    ISBN: 9789264097377
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (137 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of regional innovation
    DDC: 338/.06409466
    Schlagwort(e): Regionalpolitik ; Technologiepolitik ; Baskenland ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Spain ; Baskenland ; Innovationsförderung ; Regionalpolitik
    Kurzfassung: The Basque Country region in Spain is world renowned for a successful industrial transformation, the urban regeneration of Bilbao, cultural distinctiveness, unique governance arrangements and high wealth levels. Over the last 30 years, the region has implemented its science, technology and innovation (STI) policy driven by a need to boost industrial competitiveness. The role of total factor productivity and innovation in driving growth was significant in the 1990s and declined in the early part of this decade, but appears to be on the rise again thanks in part to significant increases in public and private investment in innovation. The Basque Country has begun a transition from a model of incremental innovation in manufacturing to a model increasingly based on science and other forms of knowledge. Through a diagnostic of the innovation system and the policy mix, the review offers some policy and governance recommendations to achieve the region’s desired transition in light of global trends in the innovation process and innovation policy.
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  • 85
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264096097
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Serie: Value for Money in Government
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Value for money in government
    Schlagwort(e): Neues Steuerungsmodell ; Niederlande ; Governance ; Netherlands ; Niederlande ; Verwaltung ; Finanzwirtschaft
    Kurzfassung: Public administration has entered a new age. In the 1980s, “less” government was the prevailing idea; in the 1990s and early 21st century, “New Public Management” was the dominant theme. Today, public administration is moving in new directions. Reforms are focusing on the quality of services for citizens and businesses and on the efficiency of administration (the “back office” of government). The OECD is studying these new trends in a multi-annual, cross-country project called “Value for Money in Government”. This publication focuses on the Netherlands and provides an overview of previous Dutch reforms and recommendations for further reforms in view of the need to get better value for money from government.
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9789264111110
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (64 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Guide OCDE sur le devoir de diligence pour des chaînes d'approvisionnement responsables en minerais provenant de zones de conflit ou à haut risque
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD due diligence guidance for responsible supply chains of minerals from conflict-affected and high-risk areas
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Development ; Ratgeber ; Entwicklungsländer ; Krisengebiet ; Mineral ; Abbau ; Industrie
    Kurzfassung: Trade and investment in natural mineral resources hold great potential for generating income, growth and prosperity, sustaining livelihoods and fostering local development. However, a large share of these resources is located in conflict-affected and high-risk areas. In these areas, exploitation of natural mineral resources is significant and may contribute, directly or indirectly, to armed conflict, gross human rights violations and hinder economic and social development. The OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains of Minerals from Conflict-Affected and High-Risk Areas provides step-by-step management recommendations endorsed by governments for global responsible supply chains of minerals in order for companies to respect human rights and avoid contributing to conflict through their mineral or metal purchasing decisions and practices. The Due Diligence Guidance may be used by any company potentially sourcing minerals or metals from conflict-affected and high-risk areas, and is intended to cultivate transparent, conflict-free supply chains and sustainable corporate engagement in the minerals sector.
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  • 87
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 11, no. 2, p. 153-222
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 70 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 11, no. 2, p. 153-222
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Taxation ; Trade ; Ukraine
    Kurzfassung: This report* was the basis of a two hour and a half peer review in the OECD Global Forum on Competition (GFC) on 21 February 2008. It assesses the development and application of competition law and policy in Ukraine, focusing on activities over the previous five years (2003-07). The report concludes that Ukraine has a comprehensive and well-designed competition law and, in the AMC, an effectively managed and well-regarded agency to enforce it. The report also identifies an array of problems confronting Ukraine in the competition law arena, and makes various remedial proposals, including recommendations dealing with the AMC’s budget allocation, autonomy, investigative tools, transparency, enforcement priorities, and relationships with other law enforcement agencies. Additional recommendations in the report focus on the competition law’s merger notification requirements and procedures, state aid legislation, penalties for unlawful conduct and penalty collection procedures, competition advocacy, harmonization with the European Union’s competition laws, and the elimination of conflicting provisions in Ukraine’s Commercial Code.
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  • 88
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 130 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: Sigma Papers no.47
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; European Union
    Kurzfassung: This study provides a comparative analysis of existing centralised purchasing institutions in selected EU Member States in terms of organisation, coverage, objectives and rationale, financing models, types of framework agreements and call-off systems, as well as the information technology used, and it examines success factors, risks and future challenges.
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  • 89
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Madrid : Instituto Nacional de Administración Pública (INAP), Spain
    ISBN: 9789264091412
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (237 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Government at a Glance 2009
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Panorama des administrations publiques 2009
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Regierung und Verwaltung auf einen Blick 2009
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Uno sguardo sulla pubblica amministrazione 2009
    Schlagwort(e): Governance
    Kurzfassung: Lo que hacen los gobiernos es importante. Los retos mundiales actuales como los financieros, económicos, sociales y ambientales destacan el papel único que desempeñan los gobiernos al servicio del interés público. Las acciones y las políticas de gobierno tocan nuestra vida cotidiana de incontables maneras, desde obtener un permiso para conducir hasta el pago de impuestos por nuestros ingresos para mantener el orden público y la seguridad. El gobierno es un actor clave en todas las sociedades, contribuye al crecimiento económico, proporciona bienes y servicios, regula la conducta de los negocios y de los individuos, y redistribuye el ingreso. Una porción importante de la economía está dedicada a la actividad pública: en 2007, el gasto gubernamental fue entre el 30 y 53% del PIB en los países de la OCDE. Dado que los gobiernos proporcionan una gran y cambiante cantidad de bienes y servicios, cuantificar y evaluar las acciones de gobierno puede ayudar a los responsables de gestión y a los líderes tomar mejores decisiones, y puede ayudar al gobierno a rendir cuentas a sus ciudadanos. Además, describir las estructuras y la organización de gobierno puede mostrar similitudes y diferencias importantes entre países, y facilitar el aprendizaje mutuo. La calidad, la flexibilidad y la efectividad de los sistemas de gobierno público son fundamentales en las capacidades de los países para afrontar las cuestiones futuras. Panorama de las Administraciones Públicas es una publicación bienal nueva de la OCDE. Provee más de 30 indicadores que describen elementos clave subyacentes al cumplimiento del gobierno. Con un enfoque sobre la administración pública, la publicación compara los marcos político e institucional entre los países de la OCDE. Además compara los ingresos, los gastos y el empleo del gobierno. También incluye indicadores que describen políticas y prácticas de gobierno en integridad, e-gobierno y gobierno abierto, e introduce varios indicadores compuestos que resumen aspectos clave de las prácticas de administración pública en la gestión de recursos humanos, en la elaboración de presupuesto y en la gestión de la regulación. Las estadísticas y las gráficas de la obra incluyen un enlace interactivo URL (StatLink) que remite al lector a una página web en la que encontrará los datos correspondientes en formato Excel.
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  • 90
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264097704
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (68 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Corporate Governance
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Corporate governance in Slovenia 2011
    Schlagwort(e): Corporate Governance ; Slowenien ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Slovenia ; Slowenien ; Corporate Governance
    Kurzfassung: This Review of Corporate Governance in Slovenia describes the corporate governance setting including the structure and ownership concentration of listed companies and the structure and operation of the state-owned sector. The Review then examines the legal and regulatory framework and company practices to assess the degree to which the recommendations of the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance and the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises have been implemented.
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  • 91
    ISBN: 9789264097629
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Serie: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD territorial reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Wirtschaftslage ; Regionalentwicklung ; Regionalpolitik ; Nordeuropa ; Färöer ; Grönland ; Island ; Norwegen ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Faroe Islands ; Greenland ; Iceland ; Färöer ; Grönland ; Island ; Norwegen ; Regionalentwicklung ; Wirtschaftliche Lage
    Kurzfassung: The North Atlantic (NORA) region is a transnational area comprising the Faroe Islands, Greenland, Iceland, and the coastal counties of Norway. These territories are linked by shared characteristics and challenges, as well as by historical, institutional and cultural links. Improving accessibility to the region, ensuring sustainable development of its fisheries, enlarging and diversifying its economic base, and meeting the challenges of climate change are key issues. Strengthened regional co-operation can help these territories address them by exchanging know-how and best practices, pooling resources and reaching economies of scale, improving the efficiency of public sector provision, and increasing the “voice” of the region. However, transnational co-operation in the NORA region faces some barriers, as it involves territories that compete in their main economic activities, are separated by large distances, and have strong institutional and economic links with other countries and regions. In order to get the most from transnational co-operation, this report recommends that the NORA territories: focus co-operation efforts on targeted themes and issues; draw up a regional development strategy; promote greater awareness of the benefits of co-operation; develop a “variable geometry” approach to regional co-operation; and enlarge and refine the role of the NORA institution as a facilitator of co-operation.
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  • 92
    ISBN: 9789264096790
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (88 p.)
    Serie: Corporate Governance
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Corporate governance in Asia 2011
    Schlagwort(e): Corporate Governance ; Asien ; Governance ; Asien ; Corporate Governance
    Kurzfassung: In 2003, the Asian Roundtable on Corporate Governance produced recommendations to improve corporate governance in Asia, based on the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance. This report summarises the results of a stocktaking exercise to determine progress made to date and the challenges remaining in the implementation of these recommendations. Included in this book are valuable insights into corporate governance rules and practices of listed companies in Asia, notably: shareholder rights, the protection of non-controlling owners, transparency and disclosure, as well as the role of company boards.
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  • 93
    ISBN: 9789264095281
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (152 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Fighting Corruption in Eastern Europe and Central Asia
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Asset Declarations for Public Officials; A Tool to Prevent Corruption (Russian version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Asset Declarations for Public Officials: A Tool to Prevent Corruption (Russian version)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Asset declarations for public officials
    Schlagwort(e): Anti-Korruption ; Osteuropa ; Zentralasien ; Governance ; Ratgeber ; Osteuropa ; Zentralasien ; Korruption ; Prävention
    Kurzfassung: Many countries around the world have introduced systems of asset declarations for public officials in order to prevent corruption. These systems vary greatly from country to country. The impact of such systems on the actual level of corruption is not well known. This study provides a systematic analysis of the existing practice in the area of asset declarations in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, and in some OECD member states in Western Europe and North America. It examines the key elements of asset declaration systems, such as policy objectives, legal frameworks and the institutional arrangements; the categories of public officials who are required to submit declarations, and types of required information; procedures for verifying declared information, sanctions for violations, and public disclosure. The study also discusses the cost-effectiveness and overall usefulness of declaration systems. It includes four case studies covering Lithuania, Romania, Spain and Ukraine, and many additional country examples and references. The study presents policy recommendations on the key elements of asset declaration systems. These recommendations will be useful for national governments and international organisations engaged in development, reform and assessment of asset declarations systems on a country level.
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  • 94
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264097445
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (524 p.)
    Serie: ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als The criminalisation of bribery in Asia and the Pacific
    Schlagwort(e): Korruption ; Kriminalität ; Asiatisch-pazifischer Raum ; Governance ; Asiatisch-Pazifischer Raum ; Korruption ; Bekämpfung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Kurzfassung: Criminalisation is a key component of all international anti-corruption instruments. For example, the OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions (Anti-Bribery Convention) and the UN Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) both require States Parties to enact specific criminal offences on bribery. The Asian Development Bank (ADB)/Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Anti-Corruption Initiative's Action Plan commits countries to ensure ‘the existence of legislation with dissuasive sanctions which effectively and actively combat the offence of bribery of public officials’. However, criminalisation can be a challenging task, as experienced by many countries Party to the Anti-Bribery Convention. This report reviews the criminalisation of bribery offences in Asian countries under the UNCAC. Drawing on the experience of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention's monitoring mechanism, the review focuses on each member's implementation of UNCAC Articles 15, 16 and 26 (domestic and foreign bribery by natural and legal persons). The review also identifies trends and challenges across the Asia-Pacific region.
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  • 95
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264096868
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (188 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews; Switzerland 2011
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE; Suisse, 2011
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews: Switzerland 2011
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE: Suisse, 2011
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Switzerland
    Kurzfassung: BLURB - GERMAN Die Regionen in der Schweiz erzielen in vielen Hinsichten gute Ergebnisse. Sie verbuchen ein hohes BIP pro Einwohner, die Arbeitslosigkeit ist niedrig, und manche Regionen verzeichnen ein beeindruckendes Wirtschaftswachstum. Auβerdem steht die Schweiz nicht vor Herausforderungen, mit denen viele ähnliche Regionen in der OECD konfrontiert wurden, wie mangelnder Zugang zu Dienstleistungen oder Bevölkerungsrückgang durch Überalterung oder Abwanderung. Nur die Förderung der Arbeitsproduktivität stellt weiterhin ein Problem dar, mit dessen Lösung die Regionalpolitik sich befassen muss. Zur Verbesserung der regionalen Wirtschaftsleistung wurde 2008, im Anschluss an den OECD-Prüfbericht 2002, die neue Schweizer Regionalpolitik (NRP) eingeführt. Die NRP stellt einen klaren Paradigmenwechsel dar, da sie sich nicht mehr auf den Bau von Infrastrukturen und die Gewährung von Finanzhilfen konzentriert, sondern die Wirtschaftsförderung zur gezielten Mehrwertschöpfung in den Regionen in den Mittelpunkt stellt. Dieser Bericht enthält Empfehlungen, wie das Ergebnis der NRP durch die Ausweitung des Wirkungsbereichs auf das gesamte Land, engere interkantonale Zusammenarbeit und besser koordinierte Sektoralpolitiken optimiert werden kann. Ferner befasst der Bericht sich mit der regionalen Innovationsförderung. In diesem Rahmen wird empfohlen, die Aufgaben der einzelnen Staatsebenen klarer zu definieren, Forschung und Technologietransfer auf Landesebene vom Bund finanzieren zu lassen und die Kantone mit der Innovationsförderung in den Funktionalräumen zu beauftragen. Der OECD-Prüfbericht Raumentwicklung Schweiz 2011 ist in das breiter gefasste Raumentwicklungsprogramm des OECD Territorial Development Policy Committee eingebettet. Ziel der Prüfberichte ist es, den Behörden der einzelnen Staaten praxisbezogene Ratschläge für die Raumentwicklung zu geben. Zu den bereits geprüften Ländern zählen Chile, Finnland, Frankreich, Italien, Japan, Kanada, Korea, Luxemburg, Mexiko, Norwegen, Polen, Portugal, Schweden und die Schweiz, die Tschechische Republik und Ungarn. Leseempfehlung OECD-Prüfbericht Raumentwicklung Schweiz (2002)
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  • 96
    ISBN: 9789264119208
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Corporate governance of listed companies in China
    DDC: 338.60951
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Corporate Governance ; Aktiengesellschaft ; Aufsichtsrat ; China ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; China, People’s Republic ; China ; Corporate Governance
    Kurzfassung: This report looks at the institutional framework of corporate governance in China through the prism of the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance and is a product of the ongoing OECD-China Policy Dialogue on Corporate Governance. By assessing a broad range of laws, regulations and codes, it provides a valuable reference for understanding how much has been achieved in Chinese corporate governance and the main ambitions of future reform efforts. The report shows that corporate governance has improved significantly since the Chinese stock market was created in 1990, with important achievements in establishing and developing the legal and regulatory framework. The OECD-China Self-Assessment represents a thorough review of all laws, regulations and codes that relate to every principle recommended by the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance. It documents the advances in the Chinese Corporate Governance framework. Building on this report, bilateral co-operation between China and the OECD will continue to enhance the understanding of China’s corporate governance system and how it impacts on company and investor behaviour.
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  • 97
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 11, no. 2, p. 15-67
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 53 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 11, no. 2, p. 15-67
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: This chapter discusses OECD member countries’ consolidation plans as of November/December 2010. The time frame for the plans ranges from 2009 to 2015. The chapter analyses current fiscal positions and announced fiscal strategies, consolidation plans, and the expenditure and revenue measures for 30 OECD member countries.
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  • 98
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 11, no. 3, p. 7-99
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 93 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 11, no. 3, p. 7-99
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Taxation ; Trade
    Kurzfassung: The OECD Competition Committee debated competition and efficient usage of payment cards in June 2006. In recent years, debit and credit cards have become increasingly common as retail payment mechanisms and have increasingly displaced checks and cash. The roundtable discussed potential market power and pricesetting abuses related to payment cards, reviewed the regulatory (or self-regulatory) mechanisms that sometimes govern the operation of card networks and considered methods for increasing the role of competitive forces among payment cards. A market failure exists because costs for different payment mechanisms are rarely reflected in consumer prices. Consideration should be given to permitting merchants to form payment ventures, as this would promote system competition between owners with different incentives, and to promoting entry by potential new technologies that would not involve existing payment networks. Many other policy options are discussed.
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  • 99
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264094444
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (272 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD rural policy reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Entwicklungsplanung ; England ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; United Kingdom ; Großbritannien ; Regionalplanung ; Ländliche Entwicklung
    Kurzfassung: Rural England plays a significant role in the economy of the United Kingdom, but an even larger social and cultural role. And it is unique among OECD regions, in that it is geographically compact, with rural inhabitants generally no more than a half hour’s drive from an urban area. There is thus a vast amount of interaction between rural and urban populations in England. England’s rural population is, on average, doing better than the urban population across a broad range of socio-economic indicators. Nevertheless, rural England is also struggling with pockets of poverty and social exclusion, difficulties in maintaining access to high quality public services, an ageing population, and, most importantly, a widespread shortage of affordable housing. The government has adopted mainstreaming as its rural policy strategy. The objective of mainstreaming is to ensure that people in rural England have access to the same policies and programmes as those available in urban England. While mainstreaming is an attractive policy approach, especially in a country with strong rural-urban interactions such as England, it has proved challenging to implement for different reasons. This report examines the mainstreaming policy response as applied to rural England and suggests ways to increase its effectiveness. The report will interest academics and policy makers alike as it includes a discussion on governance structures and decentralisation; delivering public services; economic development; and the importance of improving connectivity in the context of rural areas. While the focus is on rural England, other OECD member countries will also benefit from the insights provided.
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  • 100
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264097698
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (88 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Corporate Governance
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Corporate governance in Israel 2011
    Schlagwort(e): Corporate Governance ; Israel ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Israel ; Israel ; Corporate Governance
    Kurzfassung: The Review of Corporate Governance in Israel was prepared as part of the process of Israel’s accession to OECD Membership. The report describes the corporate governance setting including the structure and ownership concentration of listed companies and the structure and operation of the state-owned sector. The Review then examines the legal and regulatory framework and company practices to assess the degree to which the recommendations of the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance and the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises have been implemented.
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