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  • HeBIS  (2)
  • Islam, Asif M.  (1)
  • Mahmud, Iffat  (1)
  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank  (2)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Jobs Undone : Reshaping the Role of Governments toward Markets and Workers in the Middle East and North Africa (2022)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank | Washington, D.C. : The World Bank Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (156 pages)
    DDC: 305.5620956
    Keywords: Capital ; Competition ; Connectiveness ; Contestability ; Jobs ; Labor Markets ; Labor Regulation ; Product Market ; Productivity ; Social Contract ; Structural Change ; Workers
    Abstract: A decade since the spark of the Arab Spring, the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region continues to suffer from limited creation of more and better jobs. Youth face idleness and unemployment. For those who find jobs, informality awaits. Few women attempt to enter the world of work at all. Meanwhile, the available jobs are not those of the future. These labor market outcomes are being worsened by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. 'Jobs Undone: Reshaping the Role of Governments toward Markets and Workers in the Middle East and North Africa' explores ways to break these impasses, drawing on original research, survey data, wide-ranging literature, and young entrepreneurial voices from the region. The report finds that a prominent reason behind MENA's unmet jobs challenge is a lack of market contestability in the formal private sector. Few firms in the region enter the market, few grow, and those that exit are not necessarily less productive. Moreover, firms in the region invest little in physical capital, human capital, or research and development, and they tend to be politically connected. At the macro level, economic growth has been mediocre, labor productivity is not being driven by structural change, and the growth of the stock of capital per capita has declined. New evidence generated for this report shows that the lack of dynamism is due to the prevalence of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). They operate in sectors where there is little economic rationale for public activity and they enjoy favorable treatment--flouting the principles of competitive neutrality. Meanwhile, labor regulations add to market rigidity, while gendered laws restrict women's potential. To change this reality, the state must reshape its relationship toward markets, toward workers, (...)
    URL: http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/978-1-4648-1735-9
    URL: Inhaltsbeschreibung der Sammlung und Zugangshinweise
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    HeBIS
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Climate Afflictions (2021)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank | Washington, D.C. : The World Bank Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (146 pages)
    Series Statement: International Development in Focus
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    DDC: 304.25
    Keywords: Climate and Health ; Climate Change ; Climate Variability ; Dengue ; Household Data ; Infectious Diseases ; Mental Health ; Seasonal Illness ; Seasonality ; Urban Challenges ; Urban Rural Migration
    Abstract: Bangladesh's vulnerability to the effects of climate change is well documented; the evidence on the direct relationship between climate change and health focusing on Bangladesh is less so. Global evidence suggests intensification of climate change will increase incidences and variations of infectious diseases. Climate Afflictions contributes to filling this important knowledge gap. It includes a systematic review of existing literature on the relationship between climate change and health, distinguishing between climate change and variability. It establishes the relationship between climate variability and infectious diseases and mental health using household-level data. It also documents changes in climate patterns in Bangladesh over the past 44 years using monthly meteorological data. Overall, the report finds a strong relationship between infectious diseases, mental health, and climate variability. Based on analyses of primary data, it concludes that the prevalence of vector-borne diseases is higher during the monsoon than dry seasons, while the opposite is true for waterborne illnesses. Meanwhile, rising humidity and mean temperature are positively associated with respiratory illnesses. In terms of mental health conditions, while temperature is negatively correlated to depression, anxiety among individuals is likely to increase with temperature and humidity. Irrespective of the season, morbidity and mental health issues are highest in densely populated urban hubs such as Dhaka and Chattogram compared to other areas. The mean temperature in Bangladesh has increased by 0.5 degree C between 1976 and 2019. Overall, summers are becoming hotter and longer, the monsoon season is extending, and winters are becoming warmer. Consequently, Bangladesh is on the path to (...)
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1764-9
    URL: http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/978-1-4648-1764-9
    URL: Inhaltsbeschreibung der Sammlung und Zugangshinweise
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    HeBIS
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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