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  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development  (467)
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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Promoting gender equality to strengthen economic growth and resilience (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (23 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1776
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Promouvoir l'égalité des genres pour renforcer la croissance économique et la résilience
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Women’s employment rates and wages are still lagging those of men across OECD countries, with average employment and wage gaps now around 15% and 12% respectively. Gaps narrowed at a relatively modest pace over the past decade, calling for further policy action. A lack of affordable high-quality childcare is often an obstacle to women’s participation in the labour market and notably to working full time. A very unequal sharing of parental leave between parents and challenges upon return to work further hampers women’s careers. Biases in the tax system may discourage women from working in some countries. Women face disadvantage in accessing management positions and entrepreneurship. A range of policies can help reduce gender gaps, including better childcare provision, incentivising parents to better share parental leave, re-skilling and upskilling on return from parental leave, encouraging gender equality within firms, integration programmes for foreign-born women, promoting women entrepreneurship and financial inclusion, and levelling taxation for second earners. Moreover, the multiple dimensions and root causes of gender inequality call for mainstreaming gender across policy domains.
    DOI: 10.1787/54090c29-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Promouvoir l'égalité des genres pour renforcer la croissance économique et la résilience (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (26 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1776
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Promoting gender equality to strengthen economic growth and resilience
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Les taux d'emploi et les salaires des femmes restent inférieurs à ceux des hommes dans les pays de l'OCDE, avec des écarts moyens d'emploi et de salaire désormais autour de 15% et 12% respectivement. Les écarts se sont réduits à un rythme relativement modeste au cours de la dernière décennie, ce qui appelle de nouvelles mesures politiques. Le manque de services de garde d'enfants abordables et leur qualité insuffisante constituent souvent un obstacle à la participation des femmes au marché du travail et notamment au travail à temps plein. Un partage très inégal du congé parental entre les parents et les difficultés rencontrées lors du retour au travail entravent encore davantage les carrières des femmes. Les biais du système fiscal peuvent décourager les femmes de travailler dans certains pays. Les femmes sont désavantagées dans l’accès aux postes de direction et à l’entrepreneuriat. Différentes politiques peuvent contribuer à réduire les écarts entre les genres, notamment une meilleure offre de garde d'enfants, l'incitation des parents à mieux partager le congé parental, la reconversion et la formation au retour du congé parental, l'encouragement de l'égalité des genres au sein des entreprises, des programmes d'intégration pour les femmes nées à l'étranger, la promotion de l’entrepreneuriat féminin et l’inclusion financière, ainsi que l’égalisation de la fiscalité sur les deuxièmes apporteurs de revenu. En outre, les multiples dimensions et causes profondes des inégalités de genre soulignent l’importance d’intégrer la dimension de genre dans tous les domaines de l’action publique.
    DOI: 10.1787/d1f7a204-fr
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Getting on the job ladder: The policy drivers of hiring transitions (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (88 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1710
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This paper delivers new evidence for European countries on the role of a wide range of policies for workers’ mobility in terms of hiring transitions into jobs, with an emphasis on differences across socio-economic groups. Labour market transitions are relevant in the current context where the ongoing recovery from the COVID-19 crisis is characterised by labour shortages and at the same time still low employment in a number of countries. The analysis focuses on the probability to transition from unemployment and selected forms of inactivity (e.g. fulfilling domestic tasks, studying) to jobs and from one job to another. Results of this work show the strong association between hiring flows and the business cycle with specific patterns during recoveries, recessions and expansions. The analysis further reveals that a broad range of policies influence hiring transitions, such as labour market policies, taxes and social support programmes but also product market regulations and regulations affecting certain professions. Country-specific priorities will vary depending on context, challenges and social preferences. Yet common policy objectives at the current recovery context are likely to improve the job prospects of the non-employed, especially youth, low-skilled and women, to help the recovery, foster reallocation and to address labour shortages.
    DOI: 10.1787/0304c673-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The post-COVID-19 rise in labour shortages (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (29 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1721
    Schlagwort(e): Arbeitsmarkt ; Coronavirus ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: The labour market recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic has been strong among advanced countries, partly reflecting massive and unprecedented policy support to workers and firms. This paper provides evidence and stylised facts about labour market tightening and labour shortages since the onset of the pandemic. Labour shortages have been widespread across countries, yet particularly in Australia, Canada and the United States; and across industries, yet particularly in contact-intensive ones like accommodation and food, but also manufacturing. This picture is to a good extent driven by cyclical factors: in tight labour markets, workers are more likely to switch for better job opportunities. But this paper argues, based on illustrative evidence, that other factors beyond the economic cycle may also play a role: the post-COVID-19 increase in labour shortages may partly reflect structural changes, in particular changes in preferences, as some workers may no longer accept low-pay and poor or strenuous working conditions.
    DOI: 10.1787/e60c2d1c-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    A cost-of-living squeeze? Distributional implications of rising inflation (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1744
    Schlagwort(e): Inflation ; Verteilungswirkung ; Verbraucherpreisindex ; Schätzung ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Energy
    Kurzfassung: Inflation has quickly and significantly increased in most OECD countries since the end of 2021 and further accelerated after Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine, mostly driven by surging energy and food prices. Certain categories of households are particularly vulnerable, as large parts of their consumption expenditures are devoted to energy and food. Drawing on national micro-based household budget surveys and on CPI data, this paper provides a quantification of the impact of rising prices on households’ welfare. Declines in household purchasing power between August 2021 and August 2022 are estimated to range from 3% in Japan to 18% in the Czech Republic. This decline is driven by energy prices in most countries, especially Denmark, Italy, and the United Kingdom, while energy prices play a lesser role in countries where inflation is more broad-based like the Czech Republic and the United States. In all considered countries, inflation weighs relatively more on low than high-income households. Rural households are hit particularly hard, most often more than low-incomes ones, and this is driven by energy price inflation. To cushion vulnerable households from rising inflation, especially from energy prices, these findings call for a careful targeting of income and price support measures, notwithstanding their administrative and logistical complexity, taking into account their effects on economic activity, inflation, and, last but not least, environmental goals.
    DOI: 10.1787/4b7539a3-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Labour market transitions across OECD countries: Stylised facts (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (55 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1692
    Schlagwort(e): Arbeitsmarkt ; Arbeitsmobilität ; Arbeitslosigkeit ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Kurzfassung: This paper provides a descriptive analysis of patterns and trends of worker transitions across European countries and the United States, with an emphasis on differences across socio-economic groups. Understanding labour market transitions is important to gauge the scope of labour market reallocation and scarring effects from the COVID-19 crisis. Results of this work show that labour market transitions vary significantly from one country to another and also within countries from one socio-economic group to another. For instance, women are much more likely than men to move in and out of jobs. This reflects the unequal burden of family-related work, which contributes to the higher propensity of women to drop out of the labour force. Zooming in on labour market transitions over the great financial crisis provides an illustration of the long-lasting effects and scarring risks associated with recessions on labour market transitions, especially for young people entering the labour market. The results of this granular analysis inform the policy debate for an efficient and inclusive recovery. While current priorities vary across countries based on economic and social context, one overarching challenge for the recovery is to facilitate hiring dynamics and to minimise long-term unemployment and scarring risks among vulnerable groups who have been hardest hit and face higher risks of scarring from the recession, in particular young people and women.
    DOI: 10.1787/62c85872-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The laws of attraction: Economic drivers of inter-regional migration, housing costs and the role of policies (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (68 p.)
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1679
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This paper sheds light on inter-regional migration, housing and the role of policies, drawing on a new comparative cross-country approach. The results show that OECD countries exhibit stark variation in both levels and trends in inter-regional migration, which is found to be highly responsive to local housing and economic conditions. In turn, a large number of policies in the area of housing, labour markets, social protection and product markets influence the responsiveness of inter-regional migration to local economic conditions. For instance, more flexible housing supply makes inter-regional migration more responsive to local economic conditions while higher regulatory barriers to business start-ups and entry in professions significantly reduce the responsiveness of inter-regional mobility to local economic conditions. The capacity of workers to move regions in response to local economic shocks is one key dimension of labour market dynamism which could, at the current juncture, contribute to the recovery from the COVID-19 crisis. In this context, the paper proposes articulating structural with place-based policies to help prospective movers as well as stayers.
    DOI: 10.1787/da8e368a-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Migration, housing and regional disparities: A gravity model of inter-regional migration with an application to selected OECD countries (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (58 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1691
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: Inter-regional migration – the movements of the population from one region to another within the same country – can be an important mechanism of spatial economic adjustment, affecting regional demographic and growth patterns. This paper examines the economic and housing-related factors that affect the decision of people to migrate to another region within the same country, drawing empirical evidence from country-specific gravity models of inter-regional migration for 14 OECD countries. The results suggest that inter-regional migrants move in search of higher income and better employment opportunities, but are discouraged by high housing costs. In particular, house prices are found to be an important barrier to migration, especially in countries having experienced strong increases in the level and cross-regional dispersion of house prices. There is however large heterogeneity across countries in terms of what factors matter the most and in terms of the magnitude of the migration response.
    DOI: 10.1787/421bf4aa-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Should I stay or should I go? : housing and residential mobility across OECD countries (2020)
    Paris, France : OECD
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 67 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1626
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper delivers new evidence on the individual and policy drivers of residential mobility, covering a wide range of housing-related policies and conditions but also other relevant policy areas. The analysis uses household-level micro datasets allowing for an investigation of the drivers of the decision to move for a large number of OECD countries; as well for identifying differential policy effects across socio-economic groups, underscoring the distributional effect of policies. The evidence strongly supports the view that housing conditions and structural policies influence people’s decisions and possibilities to move. A more responsive housing supply is associated with higher residential mobility, suggesting that reforming land-use and planning policies may facilitate moving by reducing house price differences across locations. Social cash and in-kind spending on housing are positively correlated with residential mobility. Higher housing transaction costs, including from transfer taxes, are associated with lower residential mobility, especially among younger households, which are more likely to be first time-buyers. Stricter rental regulations are associated with lower residential mobility, particularly for renters, low-educated and low-income households. Beyond housing policies, more generous cash income support to low-wage jobseekers and minimum income schemes embedded in social transfers are positively associated with residential mobility; while excessive job protection on regular contracts is negatively associated with mobility, particularly for youth, low-income and low-educated individuals.
    DOI: 10.1787/d91329c2-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Housing, wealth accumulation and wealth distribution : evidence and stylized facts (2019)
    Paris, France : OECD
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 81 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1588
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper produces new evidence and stylised facts on housing, wealth accumulation and wealth distribution, relying on an in-depth analysis of micro-based data on household wealth across OECD countries. The analysis addresses several questions: i) How is homeownership and housing tenure distributed across the population along various socio-economic characteristics such as income, wealth and age? What is the weight of housing in households’ balance sheets and how does this vary across socio-economic groups? ii) What is the incidence of mortgage debt across households and how does this vary across socio-economic groups? What is the impact of mortgage debt on access to homeownership and wealth accumulation, and on debt overburden and financial risks among vulnerable groups? iii) Is housing a vehicle for wealth accumulation? Can it be a barrier to residential mobility? iv) Is there a link between homeownership and wealth inequality? Between inequality in housing wealth and in total wealth? A key policy issue addressed in this paper is whether and how housing-related policies affect wealth distribution. Another important issue is whether housing-related policies raise potential trade-offs between equity, or inequality reduction, and other policy objectives such as employment and productivity growth as well as macroeconomic resilience. Informed by the stylised facts and existing evidence, this paper discusses preliminary policy implications of housing reform to promote inclusiveness and social mobility, to enhance efficiency in the allocation of labour and capital and to strengthen macroeconomic resilience.
    DOI: 10.1787/86954c10-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 11
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    An empirical investigation on the drivers of income redistribution across OECD countries (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 85 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1488
    Schlagwort(e): 1995 - 2015 ; Einkommensverteilung ; Umverteilung ; Steuerprogression ; Öffentliche Sozialleistungen ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper provides an empirical investigation on the drivers of tax and transfer income redistribution to working-age households across the OECD over the last two decades, in a context where it has been declining in the vast majority of countries. The analytical approach is based on a reduced-form model of income redistribution which is estimated through cross-country-time series regressions. The baseline model builds on the political economy literature of income redistribution and includes a set of non-policy drivers such as labour market and socio-demographic conditions as well as measures of globalisation and technological change. The baseline model is augmented with major direct policy drivers of income redistribution covering tax revenue and social spending as well as a selection of tax and transfer policy parameters. Changes in the size of the tax and transfer systems likely to have contributed to the decline in income redistribution include the decline in social spending on cash support for working-age population and the diminishing role of personal income taxes in reducing inequality under the effect of increasing trade openness. Changes in specific tax and transfer policy instruments and parameters likely to have contributed to the decline in income redistribution include a flattening of the tax schedule in the upper-part of the wage distribution, a decline in the generosity and duration of unemployment-related transfers, including cuts to social assistance, and pension and early retirement reforms to encourage longer working life.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/5cb47f33-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Income redistribution across OECD countries : main findings and policy implications (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD economic policy paper no. 23 (September 2018)
    Serie: OECD Economic Policy Papers no.23
    Schlagwort(e): Verteilungspolitik ; Einkommensverteilung ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Income inequality has increased in most OECD countries over the past two decades. This is both because market incomes (wages, dividends, interest income) have become more unequally distributed, and also because redistribution through taxes and transfers has fallen. New OECD work explores cross-country evidence on trends in income redistribution since the mid-1990s to shed some light on the main drivers of the general decline.
    DOI: 10.1787/3b63e61c-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 13
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Care Needed : Improving the Lives of People with Dementia (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264085107 , 9789264303683 , 9789264303676
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 100 p. , 21 x 28cm
    Serie: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Care needed
    DDC: 330
    Schlagwort(e): Alterskrankheit ; Pflegebedürftigkeit ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Across the OECD, nearly 19 million people are living with dementia. Millions of family members and friends provide care and support to loved ones with dementia throughout their lives. Globally, dementia costs over USD 1 trillion per year and represents one of the leading causes of disability for elderly adults. These numbers will continue to rise as populations age. Until a cure or disease-modifying treatment for dementia is developed, the progress of the disease cannot be stopped. This report presents the most up-to-date and comprehensive cross-country assessment of the state of dementia care in OECD countries. In recent years, OECD countries have enhanced their efforts to provide high-quality dementia care during diagnosis, early and advanced dementia, but improving measurement is necessary for enhancements in care quality and outcomes for people with dementia. The report advises a set of policies that can help countries to improve diagnosis, strengthen access to care services, improve the quality of care, and support the families and carers of people living with dementia. Measuring and comparing the services that are delivered to people with dementia and the outcomes they achieve is a crucial part of improving dementia care. Most health systems have very poor data on dementia care and countries should work to strengthen the measurement of quality and outcomes of dementia care.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264085107-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 14
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Income redistribution through taxes and transfers across OECD countries (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 92 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1453
    Schlagwort(e): Umverteilung ; Öffentliche Sozialleistungen ; Steuer ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper produces a comprehensive assessment of income redistribution to the working-age population, covering OECD countries over the last two decades. Redistribution is quantified as the relative reduction in market income inequality achieved by personal income taxes, employees’ social security contributions and cash transfers, based on household-level micro data. A detailed decomposition analysis uncovers the respective roles of size, tax progressivity and transfer targeting for overall redistribution, the respective role of various categories of transfers for transfer redistribution; as well as redistribution for various income groups. The paper shows a widespread decline in redistribution across the OECD, both on average and in the majority of countries for which data going back to the mid-1990s are available. This was primarily associated with a decline in cash transfer redistribution while personal income taxes played a less important and more heterogeneous role across countries. In turn, the decline in the redistributive effect of cash transfers reflected a decline in their size and in particular by less redistributive insurance transfers. In some countries, this was mitigated by more redistributive assistance transfers but the resulting increase in the targeting of total transfers was not sufficient to prevent transfer redistribution from declining.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/bc7569c6-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 15
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Inequality in Denmark through the looking glass (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1341
    Schlagwort(e): Einkommensverteilung ; Strukturpolitik ; Wachstumspolitik ; Vergleich ; Dänemark ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Denmark ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper delivers a broad assessment of income inequality in Denmark. As a necessary preamble to provide a basis for discussion, we start by contrasting Danish official inequality measures with those gathered by the OECD in an international context. We show that differences between these two sources are fully explained by differences in methodological choices. We then go beyond synthetic measures of inequality to deliver a granular assessment of income distribution and of the distributional impact of taxes and transfers; and on this basis we compare Denmark to other OECD countries. This approach is then used to quantify the distributional impact of some growth-enhancing reforms undertaken or recommended for Denmark, based on empirical evidence across OECD countries. Finally, we take a forward looking stance by discussing global forces shaping the rise in inequality, in particular skill-biased technological change and deliver a tentative scenario for Denmark in the wider OECD context.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/5jln041vm6tg-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 16
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The distribution of the growth dividends (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 62 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1343
    Schlagwort(e): Einkommensverteilung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Verteilungspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Widespread increases in inequality over the past three decades have raised the question of the distribution of the growth dividends. This paper finds that there is no single answer to this question. The mechanisms that link growth and income inequality are found to differ depending on the sources of growth and on whether one considers income inequality before or after government redistribution, that is, inequality in market incomes, i.e. income derived before taxes and transfers, or inequality in disposable incomes, that is, income after taxes and transfers. Labour productivity growth is found to have contributed to rising market income inequality, while this was partly mitigated through government redistribution, on average across OECD countries over the last decades. By contrast, employment growth is found to have had an equalising impact, benefiting mostly the households in the lower part of the income distribution. These two forces tended to offset each other and resulted in a broadly distribution-neutral impact of GDP per capita growth, on average across OECD countries over the last three decades. While inequality has risen in many countries, this would tend to suggest that factors other than GDP growth itself have been driving widening income gaps between rich and poor households.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/7c8c6cc1-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 17
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The distributional impact of structural reforms (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 61 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1342
    Schlagwort(e): Einkommensverteilung ; Verteilungspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: In a majority of OECD countries, GDP growth over the past three decades has been associated with growing income disparities. To shed some lights on the potential sources of trade-offs between growth and equity, this paper investigates the long-run impact of structural reforms on household incomes across the distribution, hence on income inequality. The paper builds on a macro-micro approach by combining recent macro-level estimates of the impact of structural reforms on macroeconomic growth with micro-level estimates of the impact of structural reforms on household incomes across the income distribution. It considers the sources of macroeconomic growth, by decomposing growth in GDP per capita into growth in labour utilisation and labour productivity. This allows for shedding light on the mechanisms through which growth and its drivers, including policy drivers, benefit household incomes at different points of the income distribution. Most structural reforms are found to have little impact on income inequality when the latter is assessed through measures that emphasise the middle class. By contrast, a higher number of structural reforms, in particular social protection reforms, are found to have an impact on income inequality and thus may raise tradeoffs and synergies between growth equity objectives when inequality is assessed through measures that emphasise relatively more incomes among the poor. This corresponds to higher degrees of inequality aversion.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/5jln041nkpwc-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 18
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    In It Together: Why Less Inequality Benefits All (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264235120 , 9264232664
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (300 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als In it together
    DDC: 339.209177
    RVK:
    CC 7700
    RVK:
    MS 6500
    Schlagwort(e): Einkommensverteilung ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Soziale Ungleichheit
    Kurzfassung: The gap between rich and poor keeps widening. Growth, if any, has disproportionally benefited higher income groups while lower income households have been left behind. This long-run increase in income inequality not only raises social and political concerns, but also economic ones. It tends to drag down GDP growth, due to the rising distance of the lower 40% from the rest of society. Lower income people have been prevented from realising their human capital potential, which is bad for the economy as a whole. This book highlights the key areas where inequalities are created and where new policies are required, including: the consequences of current consolidation policies; structural labour market changes with rising non-standard work and job polarization; persisting gender gaps; the challenge of high wealth concentration, and the role for redistribution policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264235120-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 19
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Structural reforms and income distribution (2015)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (34 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Serie: OECD economic policy paper 13
    Serie: OECD Economic Policy Papers no.13
    Schlagwort(e): Strukturpolitik ; Einkommensverteilung ; Vergleich ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper provides new empirical evidence on the effects of structural policies on household disposable incomes at different income levels. More specifically, it investigates the extent to which structural policies have differential long-run impacts on GDP per capita and on household incomes at different points of the distribution. One aim is to verify whether policy decisions may face tradeoffs between objectives of economic efficiency and equity. Many growth enhancing structural reforms are found to deliver stronger income gains for households at the lower end of the distribution compared with the average household, an indication that they may reduce inequality in disposable incomes. Such is the case of reducing regulatory barriers to domestic competition as well as to trade and FDI; stepping-up job-search support and activation programmes. Conversely, other reforms involve trade-offs between the efficiency and equity objective. This is the case of the tightening of unemployment benefits for the long-term unemployed, which is found to lift GDP per capita and average household incomes, but also to reduce disposable incomes at the lower end of the distribution.
    Anmerkung: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: PDF Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5js3777lbxzn-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 20
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Can pro-growth policies lift all boats? : An analysis based on household disposable income (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal: Economic Studies Vol. 2015, no. 1, p. 227-268 | volume:2015 | year:2015 | number:1 | pages:227-268
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal: Economic Studies
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2015, no. 1, p. 227-268
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2015
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2015
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:1
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:227-268
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: In a majority of OECD countries, GDP growth over the past three decades has been associated with growing income disparities. To shed some lights on the potential sources of trade-offs between growth and equity, this paper investigates the long-run impact of structural reforms on GDP per capita and household income distribution. Pro-growth reforms can be distinguished according to whether they are found to generate an increase or a reduction in household disposable income inequality. Those that contribute to reduce inequality include the reduction in regulatory barriers to competition, trade and FDI, as well as the stepping-up in job search assistance and training programmes. Conversely, a tightening of unemployment benefits for the long-term unemployed is found to lift mean household income but to lower income among poorer households, thus raising inequality. Several other reforms have no significant impact on income distribution. JEL Classification: 047, D37, E61 Keywords: Growth, inequality, pro-growth policies
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-2015-5jrqhbb1t5jb
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  • 21
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Can pro-growth policies lift all boats? : an analysis based on household disposable income (2014)
    Paris : OECD, Economics Dep.
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (50 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers 1180
    Schlagwort(e): Wirtschaftswachstum ; Wachstumspolitik ; Einkommensverteilung ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: In a majority of OECD countries, GDP growth over the past three decades has been associated with growing income disparities. To shed some lights on the potential sources of trade-offs between growth and equity, this paper investigates the long-run impact of structural reforms on GDP per capita and household income distribution. Pro-growth reforms can be distinguished according to whether they are found to generate an increase or a reduction in household disposable income inequality. Those that contribute to reduce inequality include the reduction in regulatory barriers to competition, trade and FDI, as well as the stepping-up in job search assistance and training programmes. Conversely, a tightening of unemployment benefits for the long-term unemployed is found to lift mean household income but to lower income among poorer households, thus raising inequality. Several other reforms have no significant impact on income distribution.
    Anmerkung: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: PDF Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrh8dh5wg7-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 22
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Economic growth from the household perspective : GDP and income distribution developments across OECD countries (2014)
    Paris : OECD, Economics Dep.
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (83 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers 1111
    Schlagwort(e): Mittelschicht ; Einkommensverteilung ; Armut ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper provides an assessment of how households’ income has fared compared with GDP. While the prime focus is on incomes around the median, attention is paid also to the bottom of the income distribution. Thus, one contribution of the paper is to deliver a fresh assessment of the evolution of inequality and poverty across OECD countries over the last fifteen years. The analysis relies on a rich array of indicators, producing new evidence of the various patterns of differences in income distributions across countries and over time. For example, it assesses the extent to which stability in overall income inequality masks compensating changes between the lower and upper halves of the income distribution. Also, it explores whether contracting inequalities coexist with increasing poverty. The paper adds to previous studies by introducing, measuring and analysing income polarisation in a cross-country comparative perspective. Distinguishing polarisation from inequality and comparing their evolution over time provides new policy-relevant perspectives on the nature of the changing income distribution.
    Anmerkung: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz5m89dh0nt-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 23
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Strategic Transport Infrastructure Needs to 2030 (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264168626
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (248 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD Strategic transport infrastructure needs to 2030
    RVK:
    RB 10762
    Schlagwort(e): -2030 ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Infrastrukturversorgung ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Transport ; Economics ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Bedarfsplanung
    Kurzfassung: Transcontinental Infrastructure Needs to 2030/50 explores the long-term opportunities and challenges facing major gateway and transport hub infrastructures -- ports, airports and major rail corridors – in the coming decades. The report uses projections and scenarios to assess the broader economic outlook and future infrastructure requirements, and examines the options for financing these, not least against the backdrop of the economic recession and financial crisis which have significantly modified the risks and potential rewards associated with major infrastructure projects. Building on numerous in-depth case studies from Europe, North America and Asia, the report offers insights into the economic prospects for these key facilities and identifies policy options for improved gateway and corridor infrastructure in the future.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264114425-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 24
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Sick on the Job? : Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264124523
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (206 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Mental Health and Work
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Mal-être au travail ? ; Mythes et réalités sur la santé mentale et l'emploi
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Mal-être au travail ? : Mythes et réalités sur la santé mentale et l'emploi
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Sick on the job?
    DDC: 158.72
    RVK:
    CU 3040
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Arbeit ; Psychische Gesundheit
    Kurzfassung: The costs of mental ill-health for the individuals concerned, employers and society at large are enormous. Mental illness is responsible for a very significant loss of potential labour supply, high rates of unemployment, and a high incidence of sickness absence and reduced productivity at work. In particular, mental illness causes too many young people to leave the labour market, or never really enter it, through early moves onto disability benefit. Today, between one-third and one-half of all new disability benefit claims are for reasons of mental ill-health, and among young adults that proportion goes up to over 70%. Indeed, mental ill-health is becoming a key issue for the well-functioning of OECD’s labour markets and social policies and requires a stronger focus on policies addressing mental health and work issues. Despite the very high costs to the individuals and the economy, there is only little awareness about the connection between mental health and work, and the drivers behind the labour market outcomes and the level of inactivity of people with mental ill-health. Understanding these drivers is critical for the development of more effective policies. This report aims to identify the knowledge gaps and begin to narrow them by reviewing evidence on the main challenges and barriers to better integrating people with mental illness in the world of work.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264124523-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 25
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dealing Effectively with the Challenges of Transfer Pricing (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264169463
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (106 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Dealing effectively with the challenges of transfer pricing
    Schlagwort(e): Verrechnungspreis ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Taxation ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Verrechnungspreis
    Kurzfassung: This report addresses the practical administration of transfer pricing programmes by tax administrations. Technical analysis of how transfer prices should be computed in accordance with the arm’s length principle is outside the scope of this report. Instead the report focuses on the practical experiences of a number of FTA member countries and some non-member countries. The report discusses ways in which the management of transfer pricing programmes can be optimised, so that transfer pricing audits and enquiries are conducted efficiently and in a timely manner, for the benefit of MNEs and tax administrations alike. It is concerned with the practical steps tax administrations need to take to correctly identify transfer pricing cases that merit audit or enquiry and then to progress those cases to as early a conclusion as possible.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264169463-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 26
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Mortality Risk Valuation in Environment, Health and Transport Policies (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264130807
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Transport
    Kurzfassung: The book presents a major meta-analysis of 'value of a statistical life' (VSL) estimates derived from surveys where people around the world have been asked about their willingness to pay for small reduction in mortality risks. The analysis seeks to explain the differences in the estimates, for example across countries. Differences in incomes and the magintude of the risk reduction people have been asked to value were found to be the factors having the strongest impact on VSL, but a number of other policy-relevant factors are also important. Based on the meta-analysis, and a broad review of the literature, the book also presents clear advice on how VSL values best can be used in assessments of environmental, health and transport policies, such as in cost-benefit analyses. Using explicit VSL estimates to quantify the benefits to society of fatality risk reductions can play an important role in the development of more cost-effective public policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264130807-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 27
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Food and the Tourism Experience : The OECD-Korea Workshop (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264171923
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (173 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Studies on Tourism
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Food and the tourism experience
    Schlagwort(e): Tourismuswirtschaft ; Gastronomie ; Tourismuspolitik ; Tourismusökonomie ; Südkorea ; Spanien ; Österreich ; Japan ; Frankreich ; Italien ; Nordeuropa ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: Tourism is a major part of the contemporary experience economy, in which food plays an important role. Food is a key part of all cultures, a major element of global intangible heritage and an increasingly important attraction for tourists. The linkages between food and tourism also provide a platform for local economic development, which can be strengthened by the use of food experiences for branding and marketing destinations. One of the major challenges in the experience economy is dealing with the shift towards intangible culture and heritage. The focus of many tourists has changed from the classic 'must see' physical sights such as museums and monuments towards a ‘must-experience’ imperative to consume intangible expressions of culture, such as atmosphere, creativity and lifestyle. This provides new opportunities for tourism destinations as well as new challenges, particularly in the areas of experience development, marketing and branding. This publication provides an understanding of the role of food tourism in local economic development and its potential for country branding. It also presents several innovative case studies in the food tourism sector and the experience industry.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264171923-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 28
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The short-term effects of structural reforms : an empirical analysis (2012)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers 949
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Drawing on new empirical analysis of 30 years of structural reforms across the OECD, this paper sheds light on the impact of reforms over time, identifies the horizon over which their full effects materialise, and investigates whether such effects vary with prevailing economic conditions and institutions. Impulse responses of aggregate outcomes (GDP growth, employment rate) to various labour, product market and tax reforms are estimated at different horizons. This analysis indicates that the benefits from reforms typically take time to fully materialise. When significant effects are found in the short run, reforms seldom involve significant aggregate economic losses; on the contrary they often deliver some benefits. The absence of major depressing effects does not lend support to the view that reforms should be in general accompanied by substantial macroeconomic policy easing in order to deliver some short-term gains. Nevertheless, there is also tentative evidence that some labour market reforms (e.g. of unemployment benefit systems and job protection) pay off more quickly in good times than in bad times, and can even entail short-term losses in severely depressed economies.
    Anmerkung: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k9csvk4d56d-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 29
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Trade and product market policies in upstream sectors and productivity in downstream sectors : firm-level evidence from China (2012)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers 990
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; China, People’s Republic ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper explores the productivity impact of trade, product market and financial market policies over the last decade in China – a fast growing country where, despite significant reform action, regulatory stance remains still far from OECD standards. The paper makes a critical distinction between downstream and upstream industries, focusing on the indirect effects of regulation in upstream industries on firm performance in downstream manufacturing industries. This framework allows investigating the link between these policies and productivity growth depending on how far incumbents are relative to the technological frontier. The analysis is novel in several respects. Drawing on new OECD policy indicators of sector-level product market regulation and firm level data, econometric estimates deliver new evidence on the potential gains from product and financial market reforms in China, two policy areas that had not been studied in previous empirical literature. Firm-level microeconomic data further allow shedding light on the differential effects of policies within industries, while also highlighting the potential channels through which productivity is affected by reform. The key conclusion that can be derived from the empirical analysis is that further product, trade and financial market reforms would bring substantial gains in China and could therefore speed up the convergence process. Taken at face value, the empirical estimates would imply that aligning product, trade and financial market regulation to the average level observed in OECD countries would bring aggregate manufacturing productivity gains of respectively 9%, 4% and 6.5% after five years. Trade and product market reforms are found to deliver stronger gains for firms that are closer to the industry-level technological frontier, while the reverse holds for financial market reforms.
    Anmerkung: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k92pgjgll7l-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 30
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    OECD Handbook on Measuring the Space Economy (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264169166
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (110 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD handbook on measuring the space economy
    Schlagwort(e): Raumfahrt ; Weltraum ; Economics ; Raumfahrt ; Wirtschaft
    Kurzfassung: This publication provides a summary of the key methodological issues surrounding indicators and statistics on the space sector and the larger space economy and it meant to be complementary to The Space Economy at a Glance 2011.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264169166-en
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  • 31
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    Online-Ressource
    Doing Better for Families : (Korean version) (2012)
    Seoul : OECD/Korea Policy Centre, Korea
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264169982
    Sprache: Koreanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (275 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Doing Better for Families
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Assurer le bien-être des familles
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264169982-ko
    URL: Volltext
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  • 32
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Corporate Governance in Israel 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264097698
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (88 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Corporate Governance
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Corporate governance in Israel 2011
    Schlagwort(e): Corporate Governance ; Israel ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Israel ; Israel ; Corporate Governance
    Kurzfassung: The Review of Corporate Governance in Israel was prepared as part of the process of Israel’s accession to OECD Membership. The report describes the corporate governance setting including the structure and ownership concentration of listed companies and the structure and operation of the state-owned sector. The Review then examines the legal and regulatory framework and company practices to assess the degree to which the recommendations of the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance and the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises have been implemented.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264097698-en
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  • 33
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    Online-Ressource
    OCDE Definición Marco de Inversión Extranjera Directa : Cuarta edición (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264094475
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (292 p.)
    Ausgabe: Cuarta edición
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment 2008; Fourth Edition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Définition de référence de l'OCDE des investissements directs internationaux 2008 ; Quatrième édition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment 2008: Fourth Edition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Définition de référence de l'OCDE des investissements directs internationaux 2008 : Quatrième édition
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: La inversión extranjera directa (IED) es uno de los principales motores de la globalización. A medida que los patrones de inversión de las empresas multinacionales se vuelven más complejos, es necesario contar con estadísticas de IED fiables y comparables a nivel internacional para una toma de decisiones sensata y sólida. La Definición Marco de Inversión Extranjera Directa de la OCDE, establece la norma general para las estadísticas de IED, pues ofrece un punto de referencia único para los productores de estadísticas y para los usuarios en todos los aspectos de la información relacionada con la IED, sin dejar de ser consistente con otras normas estadísticas aceptadas a nivel internacional. Esta edición presenta nuevos desgloses analíticos y tratamientos estadísticos que reflejan de una forma más adecuada la realidad de la economía mundial. La edición revisada de la Definición Marco de Inversión Extranjera Directa ofrece métodos para clasificar distintos tipos de IED (como fusiones y adquisiciones, inversiones nuevas) y para identificar al inversor final. Esta nueva edición también contempla aspectos relacionados con el uso de las estadísticas de IED, incluyendo indicadores de globalización, con un capítulo sobre las estadísticas relacionadas con las actividades de las empresas multinacionales.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264094475-es
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  • 34
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    OECD Guide to Measuring the Information Society 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264113541
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (206 p.) , ill.
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: This OECD Guide to Measuring the Information Society is a compilation of concepts, definitions, classifications and methods for information society measurement and analysis.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264113541-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 35
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    OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies: Russian Federation 2011 : (Russian version) (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264119345
    Sprache: Russisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (216 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies; Russian Federation 2011
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies: Russian Federation 2011
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Russian Federation
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264119345-ru
    URL: Volltext
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  • 36
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    OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation: Basque Country, Spain 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264097377
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (137 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of regional innovation
    DDC: 338/.06409466
    Schlagwort(e): Regionalpolitik ; Technologiepolitik ; Baskenland ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Spain ; Baskenland ; Innovationsförderung ; Regionalpolitik
    Kurzfassung: The Basque Country region in Spain is world renowned for a successful industrial transformation, the urban regeneration of Bilbao, cultural distinctiveness, unique governance arrangements and high wealth levels. Over the last 30 years, the region has implemented its science, technology and innovation (STI) policy driven by a need to boost industrial competitiveness. The role of total factor productivity and innovation in driving growth was significant in the 1990s and declined in the early part of this decade, but appears to be on the rise again thanks in part to significant increases in public and private investment in innovation. The Basque Country has begun a transition from a model of incremental innovation in manufacturing to a model increasingly based on science and other forms of knowledge. Through a diagnostic of the innovation system and the policy mix, the review offers some policy and governance recommendations to achieve the region’s desired transition in light of global trends in the innovation process and innovation policy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264097377-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 37
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    Corporate Governance of Listed Companies in China : Self-Assessment by the China Securities Regulatory Commission (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264119208
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Corporate governance of listed companies in China
    DDC: 338.60951
    RVK:
    PU 8450
    Schlagwort(e): Corporate Governance ; Aktiengesellschaft ; Aufsichtsrat ; China ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; China, People’s Republic ; China ; Corporate Governance
    Kurzfassung: This report looks at the institutional framework of corporate governance in China through the prism of the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance and is a product of the ongoing OECD-China Policy Dialogue on Corporate Governance. By assessing a broad range of laws, regulations and codes, it provides a valuable reference for understanding how much has been achieved in Chinese corporate governance and the main ambitions of future reform efforts. The report shows that corporate governance has improved significantly since the Chinese stock market was created in 1990, with important achievements in establishing and developing the legal and regulatory framework. The OECD-China Self-Assessment represents a thorough review of all laws, regulations and codes that relate to every principle recommended by the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance. It documents the advances in the Chinese Corporate Governance framework. Building on this report, bilateral co-operation between China and the OECD will continue to enhance the understanding of China’s corporate governance system and how it impacts on company and investor behaviour.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264119208-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 38
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    Economic Diversification in Africa : A Review of Selected Countries (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264096233
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (84 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Economic diversification in Africa
    Schlagwort(e): Wirtschaftspolitik ; Entwicklungspolitik ; Afrika ; Angola ; Benin ; Kenia ; Südafrika ; Tunesien ; Finance and Investment ; Development ; Economics ; Afrika ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Entwicklungspolitik ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Kurzfassung: This study provides an empirical review of the role of governments, the private sector, regional economic institutions and the broader international community in driving economic diversification. Individual case studies of five African economies describe both the catalysts of and barriers to diversification. The study is published jointly by the United Nations Office of the Special Adviser on Africa (UN-OSAA) and the NEPAD-OECD Africa Investment Initiative.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264096233-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 39
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    Local Development Benefits from Staging Global Events : Achieving the Local Development Legacy from 2012 - A Peer Review of the Olympic and Paralympic Legacy for East London (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 89 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Working Papers no.2011/01
    Serie: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers no.2011/01
    Schlagwort(e): Industry and Services ; United Kingdom
    Kurzfassung: London 2012 is set to be one the most ambitious Olympic Games ever to have taken place. Already a successful global city London has set itself a unique challenge – not simply to deliver a successful Olympic Games but to regenerate its most socio-economically challenged area of the city. The boroughs which will host 2012 are amongst the most deprived areas in the United Kingdom. The aim from the preparation of the bid was to address this long term challenge. Everyone involved in the delivery of 2012 and the economic development of London is under no illusion that simply by hosting the Olympics a century of deprivation will be eradicated. But accelerating 30-50 years of regeneration and infrastructure investment can create new economic opportunity.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kgj3lb83kd0-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 40
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    Society at a Glance 2011 : OECD Social Indicators (Korean version) (2011)
    Seoul : OECD/Korea Policy Centre, Korea
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264167070
    Sprache: Koreanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (101 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Society at a Glance 2011; OECD Social Indicators
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Society at a Glance 2011: OECD Social Indicators
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264167070-ko
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 41
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    Health at a Glance: Asia/Pacific 2010 : (Korean version) (2011)
    Seoul : OECD/Korea Policy Centre, Korea
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264124509
    Sprache: Koreanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Health at a Glance; Asia/Pacific 2010
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Health at a Glance: Asia/Pacific 2010
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: 한 눈에 보는 보건 : 2010 아시아/태평양판 첫 보고서는 아태지역 27개국의 건강상태, 건강 결 정요인, 보건의료 자원 및 활용, 보건의료비 지출 및 재원조달 관련 주요 지표를 제시한다. 다양한 데이터 소스를 바탕으로 "한 눈에 보는 OECD 보건지표"의 기존 보고서 형식으로 구성하 여 출간하였다. 본보고서는 인구의 건강에 영향을 미치는 요소와 보건의료 체계의 성과에 대한 독자들의 이해를 돕는다. 본 보고서에서 제시된 32개의 지표는 모두 사용자 친화적인 방법으로 표시하였다. 지표는 국가 별 차이를 확인할 수 있는 차트와 데이터가 나타내고 있는 내용에 대한 간단한 설명을 덧붙였 고, 정의 및 측정 방법란에는 지표의 정의와 데이터 비교가능성에 대한 제약을 설명했다. 첨부문 서에는 보건의료체계가 운영되는 인구 ․경제적 환경에 대해 부가정보를 제공한다.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264124509-ko
    URL: Volltext
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  • 42
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    Literacy for Life : Further Results from the Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264091269
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (292 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. La littératie, un atout pour la vie ; Version préliminaire; Nouveaux résultats de l'Enquête sur la littératie et les compétences des adultes
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. La littératie, un atout pour la vie : Version préliminaire: Nouveaux résultats de l'Enquête sur la littératie et les compétences des adultes
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Literacy for Life is the second report from the Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey. It presents additional results on the nature and magnitude of the literacy gaps faced by OECD countries and how these gaps have evolved over the medium term. It offers new insights into the factors that influence the formation of adult skills in various settings – at home and at work – for the eleven countries participating in the first and last round of data collection between 2003 and 2008. The study offers comparative evidence on the impact of various factors on the supply of skill. The study offers a special focus on numeracy skills and problem solving skills. It explores the relationships between numeracy and key socio-demographic factors as well as labour market outcomes and earnings. It highlights the importance of problem solving skills by defining this foundational skill and by exploring its determinants as well as its relative role in influencing important labour market outcomes. The report offers also an analysis of performance across multiple skill domains. It investigates the skill profiles of various population groups defined in terms of the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of those who score at levels deemed to be low in one or more skill domains and explores the resulting consequences. The report concludes by investigating the issue of skill mismatch in the labour market and its relationship to adult learning. The extent and distribution of mismatch between the day-to-day literacy related requirements of workers and the literacy skills they have obtained is an important issue that is being explored in this study.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264091269-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 43
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    Pharmaceutical Pricing Policies in a Global Market : (Turkish version) (2011)
    Cankaya-Ankara : Turkish Pharmacists Association
    Details
    ISBN: 9789758037315
    Sprache: Türkisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (238 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Les prix des médicaments sur un marché global ; Politiques et enjeux
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Pharmaceutical Pricing Policies in a Global Market
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Les prix des médicaments sur un marché global
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Industry and Services
    DOI: 10.1787/9789758037315-tr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 44
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    OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations 2010 : (Serbian version) (2011)
    Belgrade : Serbian Fiscal Society
    Details
    ISBN: 9788691513702
    Sprache: Serbisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations 2010
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Principes de l'OCDE applicables en matière de prix de transfert à l'intention des entreprises multinationales et des administrations fiscales 2010
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD-Verrechnungspreisleitlinien für multinationale Unternehmen und Steuerverwaltungen 2010
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Taxation ; Trade ; Industry and Services
    DOI: 10.1787/9788691513702-sr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 45
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    Handbook on Deriving Capital Measures of Intellectual Property Products : (Korean version) (2011)
    Daejeon : Statistics Korea
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264124196
    Sprache: Koreanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Handbook on Deriving Capital Measures of Intellectual Property Products
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264124196-ko
    URL: Volltext
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  • 46
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    Studi OCSE sul Turismo: Italia : Analisi delle criticità e delle politiche (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264116030
    Sprache: Italienisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Italy; Review of Issues and Policies
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Italy: Review of Issues and Policies
    Schlagwort(e): Industry and Services ; Italy
    Kurzfassung: Questo rapporto costituisce una valutazione indipendente su alcuni problemi del turismo italiano condotta da responsabili ed esperti di altri paesi. E’ indicativo, in una qualche misura, di come gli altri vedono l’Italia e come il paese nel suo complesso si confronta con gli altri. L’analisi si è concentrata su cinque grandi questioni del turismo italiano: la sua competitività, la sua organizzazione istituzionale e il rapporto Stato-Regioni, la necessità di migliorare le informazioni statistiche, la qualificazione del capitale unamo, il suo affioramento e la sua formazione, l’attrattività e la promozione del brand Italia.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264116030-it
    URL: Volltext
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  • 47
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    OECD Economic Surveys: Israel 2011 : (Hebrew version) (2011)
    Jerusalem : Ministry of Finance, Israel
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264128910
    Sprache: Hebräisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (126 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys; Israel 2011
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE; Israe͏̈l 2011
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys: Israel 2011
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE: Israe͏̈l 2011
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Israel
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264128910-he
    URL: Volltext
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  • 48
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    Corporate Governance in Slovenia 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264097704
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (68 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Corporate Governance
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Corporate governance in Slovenia 2011
    Schlagwort(e): Corporate Governance ; Slowenien ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Slovenia ; Slowenien ; Corporate Governance
    Kurzfassung: This Review of Corporate Governance in Slovenia describes the corporate governance setting including the structure and ownership concentration of listed companies and the structure and operation of the state-owned sector. The Review then examines the legal and regulatory framework and company practices to assess the degree to which the recommendations of the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance and the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises have been implemented.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264097704-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 49
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    OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises, 2011 Edition (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264115415
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (92 p.)
    Ausgabe: 2011
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Les principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD-Leitsätze für multinationale Unternehmen
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: This 2011 edition of the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises commits 42 countries to new, tougher standards of corporate behaviour. The updated Guidelines include new recommendations on human rights abuse and company responsibility for their supply chains, making them the first inter-governmental agreement in this area. The Guidelines establish that firms should respect human rights in every country in which they operate. Companies should also respect environmental and labour standards, for example, and have appropriate due diligence processes in place to ensure this happens. These include issues such as paying decent wages, combating bribe solicitation and extortion, and the promotion of sustainable consumption. The Guidelines are a comprehensive, non-binding code of conduct that OECD member countries and others have agreed to promote among the business sector. A new, tougher process for complaints and mediation has also been put in place.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264115415-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 50
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    Climate Change and Tourism Policy in OECD Countries (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264119598
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (100 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Studies on Tourism
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: Undertaken jointly with United Nations Environment Programme, the report analyses policies and issues related to climate change adaptation and mitigation in the tourism sector. It provides policy recommendations, with the objective to identify priority areas to be included in a framework for action in the area of climate change and tourism. A review of the state of policy-making on this important issue clearly indicates that greater efforts could be made by countries to understand the likely impacts of climate change on tourism; there is a low awareness of the tourism sector's climate change mitigation and adaptation needs; and that current policy, with few exceptions, is inadequate to the scale of the challenge, both on mitigation and adaptation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264119598-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 51
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    OECD Banking Statistics: Methodological Country Notes 2010 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264089907
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (198 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Statistiques bancaires de l'OCDE ; Notes méthodologiques par pays 2010
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Statistiques bancaires de l'OCDE : Notes méthodologiques par pays 2010
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Austria ; Belgium ; Canada ; Chile ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hungary ; Ireland ; Italy ; Japan ; Korea, Republic of ; Luxembourg ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Poland ; Portugal ; Slovak Republic ; Spain ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Turkey ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Trends in bank profitability and factors affecting it are major indicators of changes in the state of health of national banking systems. This publication complements Banking Statistics: Financial Statements of Banks 2010 which provides a unique tool for analysing developments in bank profitability in OECD countries. In addition to information on financial statements of banks in OECD countries, it includes data on the number of reporting banks, their branches and staff, structural information on the whole financial sector and ratios aiming at facilitating the analysis of bank profitability of OECD countries. The methodological country notes included in this volume were prepared to facilitate the comprehension and the interpretation of the statistics and to provide a brief description of the activities of banks in each country.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264089907-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 52
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    Naturalisation: A Passport for the Better Integration of Immigrants? (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264099104
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (356 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. La naturalisation; un passeport pour une meilleure intégration des immigrés ?
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. La naturalisation: un passeport pour une meilleure intégration des immigrés ?
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: This conference proceedings provides the papers presented at the OECD/European Commission joint seminar on Naturalisation and the Socio-Economic Integration of Immigrants and their Children held in October 2010 in Brussels. It takes stock of the current knowledge regarding the links between host-country nationality and socio-economic integration of immigrants and their children, building on novel evidence on this issue. It also discusses the role of naturalisation as a tool in the overall framework for immigration and integration policy, with the aim of identifying good practices.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264099104-en
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  • 53
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    The Space Economy at a Glance 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264113565
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , ill.
    Schlagwort(e): Development ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: Space applications have become an important part of everyday life. Weather forecasting, air traffic control, global communications and broadcasting, disaster management -- these and many other key activities would be almost unthinkable today without satellite technology. The space industry itself is relatively small compared to other manufacturing sectors, but its technological dynamism and strategic significance mean that it plays an ever more critical role in modern society. This book assembles information on the space economy from a wide range of official and non-official sources. Together these paint a richly detailed picture of the space industry, its downstream services activities, and its wider economic and social impacts. Who are the main space-faring nations? How large are revenues and how much employment is there in the sector? How much R&D goes on, and where? What is the value of spin-offs from space spending? Answers to these and other questions are provided in this second OECD statistical overview of the emerging space economy. A dynamic link (StatLink) is provided for graphs, which directs the user to a web page where the corresponding data are available in Excel® format.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264111790-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 54
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    A System of Health Accounts : 2011 Edition (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264116016
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (522 p.) , ill.
    Ausgabe: 2011
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als A system of health accounts 2011
    DDC: 338.4/73621
    Schlagwort(e): Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitskosten ; Gesundheitsfinanzierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Health accounts ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD-Staaten ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitskosten
    Kurzfassung: A System of Health Accounts 2011 provides a systematic description of the financial flows related to the consumption of health care goods and services. As demands for information increase and more countries implement and institutionalise health accounts according to the system, the data produced are expected to be more comparable, more detailed and more policy relevant. This new edition builds on the original OECD Manual, published in 2000, and the Guide to Producing National Health Accounts to create a single global framework for producing health expenditure accounts that can help track resource flows from sources to uses. The Manual is the result of a four-year collaborative effort between the OECD, WHO and the European Commission, and sets out in more detail the boundaries, the definitions and the concepts – responding to health care systems around the globe – from the simplest to the more complicated.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264116016-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 55
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    Estudios económicos de la OCDE : México 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264115934
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys; Mexico 2011
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE ; Mexique 2011
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys: Mexico 2011
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE : Mexique 2011
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Mexico
    Kurzfassung: Tema destacado: La reforma fiscal para una economía mexicana más fuerte, más justa y más limpia.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264115934-es
    URL: Volltext
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  • 56
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    Maintaining Momentum : OECD Perspectives on Policy Challenges in Chile (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264095199
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (256 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Mejores políticas para el desarrollo ; Perspectivas OCDE sobre Chile
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Mejores políticas para el desarrollo : Perspectivas OCDE sobre Chile
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Maintaining momentum
    Schlagwort(e): Wirtschaftspolitik ; Wirtschaftliche Anpassung ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Chile ; Economics ; Chile ; Chile ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; OECD
    Kurzfassung: To inform the current policy debate in Chile and present an economic assessment with concrete recommendations and policy options, this report provides a detailed analysis of the overall Chilean economic situation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264095199-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    URL: Volltext
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  • 57
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    Value for Money in Health Spending (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264088818
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Optimiser les dépenses de santé
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Value for money in health spending
    RVK:
    QX 705
    Schlagwort(e): Gesundheitskosten ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Gesundheitsausgaben ; Reform ; Kostendämpfung
    Kurzfassung: Health spending continues to rise inexorably, growing faster than the economy in most OECD countries. Most of this spending comes from the public purse. Given the recent economic downturn, countries are looking for ways to improve the efficiency of health spending. This publication examines current efforts to improve health care efficiency, including tools that show promise in helping health systems provide the best care for their money, such as pay for performance, co-ordination of care, health technology assessment and clinical guidelines, pharmaceutical re-imbursement and risk-sharing agreements, and information and communication technology.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264088818-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 58
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    Eco-Innovation in Industry : Enabling Green Growth (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264077225
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (278 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. L'éco-innovation dans l'industrie ; favoriser la croissance verte
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. L'éco-innovation dans l'industrie : favoriser la croissance verte
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Eco-innovation in industry
    RVK:
    AR 28300
    RVK:
    QT 200
    Schlagwort(e): Industrie ; Innovationsmanagement ; Umwelttechnik ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Industrie ; Nachhaltigkeit ; OECD
    Kurzfassung: Eco-innovation will be a key driver of industry efforts to tackle climate change and realise “green growth” in the post-Kyoto era. Eco-innovation calls for faster introduction of breakthrough technologies and for more systemic application of available solutions, including non-technological ones. It also offers opportunities to involve new players, develop new industries and increase competitiveness. Structural change in economies will be imperative in coming decades. This book presents the research and analysis carried out during the first phase of the OECD Project on Sustainable Manufacturing and Eco-innovation. Its aim is to provide benchmarking tools on sustainable manufacturing and to spur eco-innovation through better understanding of innovation mechanisms. It reviews the concepts and forms an analytical framework; analyses the nature and processes of eco-innovation; discusses existing sustainable manufacturing indicators; examines methodologies for measuring eco-innovation; and takes stock of national strategies and policy initiatives for eco-innovation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264077225-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 59
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    Open for Business : Migrant Entrepreneurship in OECD Countries (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264095830
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Open for business
    RVK:
    QP 380
    RVK:
    QU 400
    Schlagwort(e): Unternehmer ; Unternehmensgründung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Industry and Services ; Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Entrepreneurship ; Einwanderer ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Kurzfassung: Migrants contribute to the economic growth of their host countries in many ways, bringing new skills and competencies with them and helping to reduce labour shortages. An aspect that has received only limited attention up to now is migrants’ contribution to entrepreneurial activity and employment creation in their host countries. In OECD countries, entrepreneurship is slightly higher among immigrants than natives and the total number of persons employed in migrant businesses is substantial, although the survival rate of these businesses is often lower than that of their native counterparts. Migrant entrepreneurship has gone beyond traditional ethnic businesses, into a wide range of sectors and innovative areas. Greater knowledge of migrant entrepreneurship is essential if policy makers are to better support migrant enterprises and their role in economic growth and job creation. In addition, increasing awareness of the positive role that migrants can play as entrepreneurs could contribute to a more balanced public debate on immigration. Taking a cross-country perspective, this publication sheds light on these issues and more, discussing policy options to foster the development and success of migrant businesses. It is a compilation of papers presented at a June 2010 conference organised by the OECD Secretariat, with the financial support of the Swedish and Turkish authorities, and the Dutch-Turkish Businessmen Association (HOTIAD).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264095830-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 60
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    Health Care Systems : Efficiency and Policy Settings (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264094901
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Systèmes de santé ; efficacité et politiques
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Systèmes de santé : efficacité et politiques
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Health care systems
    RVK:
    QX 705
    Schlagwort(e): Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsökonomik ; Gesundheitspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitspolitik
    Kurzfassung: People in OECD countries are healthier than ever before, as shown by longer life expectancy and lower mortality for diseases such as cancer. At the same time, total spending on health care now absorbs over 9% of GDP on average in the OECD. Achieving value for money in the health care sector is an important objective in all OECD countries. The book takes an in-depth look at health care in OECD countries today. What is the status of people’s health? How do we measure health outcomes? How do we assess the efficiency of health care systems? How are health policies and institutions linked with the performance of health care systems? The chapters explore the answers to such questions. They cover: trends in health care outcomes and spending; ways of assessing efficiency; new indicators of health care policies and institutions; and the characteristics and performance of health care systems.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264094901-en
    URL: Volltext
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    Health at a Glance 2009 : OECD Indicators (Korean version) (2010)
    Seoul : OECD/Korea Policy Centre, Korea
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264105133
    Sprache: Koreanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (204 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Health at a Glance 2009; OECD Indicators
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Panorama de la santé 2009 ; Les indicateurs de l'OCDE
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Gesundheit auf einen Blick 2009; OECD-Indikatoren
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Health at a Glance 2009: OECD Indicators
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Panorama de la santé 2009 : Les indicateurs de l'OCDE
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Gesundheit auf einen Blick 2009: OECD-Indikatoren
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: 질병 예방 및 치료의 발달로 OECD 국가들은 최근 수십 년간 평균수명과 삶의 질에서 괄목할 만한 개선을 이룰 수 있었다. 동시에 의료비도 계속 증가하여 앖으며, 의료비가 국민소득 에서 차지하는 비중 역시 계속 늘어앖다: 현재 GDP대비 국민의료비는 OECD 국가 평균 9% 내외를 차지하는데, 1970년에는 5%를 갓 넘는 수준이었다. 한눈에 보는 보건지표 제 5판인 이 책은 OECD 국가 의료제도의 성과의 여러 측면에 대한 비교 가능한 최근의 데이터를 제공한다. 의료제도의 비용, 활동, 결과가 국가 간에 광범위한 변이를 가짐을 분명히 보여준다. 주요 지표들은 건강상태, 건강의 결정요인, 보건의료 활동 그리고 의료비 및 재원조달에 대한 정 보를 제공한다. 이번 판은 또한 OECD 국가들의 중요한 정책목표인 보건의료인력과 의료접근성 대해서도 다뤘다. 보건의료의 질에 대한 장에서는 만성질환에 대한 보건의료의 질을 나타낼수 있는 지표를 새로 포함시켰다. 이 책의 각 지표들은 독자들이 편하게 볼 수 있도록 제시되었는데, 국가 상호간 및 경시적 차이 를 나타내는 차트, 데이터가 제공하는 주요 시사점에 초점을 맞춘 간단한 분석적 설명, 지표의 정의 및 데이터 비교에 있어서의 한계점에 관한 방법론 박스로 구성되어 있다. 부록은 OECD국 가에서 의료제도가 작동하는 인구학적·경제적 구조에 대한 정보를 추가적으로 제공하고 있으며 의료제도의 재원 및 서비스 전달에서의 핵심 특징들을 간추리고 있다.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264105133-ko
    URL: Volltext
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    OECD Principles of Occupational Pension Regulation : Methodology for Assessment and Implementation (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264087095
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (136 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Principes de l'OCDE sur la réglementation des pensions professionnelles ; Méthodologie pour l'évaluation et la mise en œuvre
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Principes de l'OCDE sur la réglementation des pensions professionnelles : Méthodologie pour l'évaluation et la mise en œuvre
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD principles of occupational pension regulation
    RVK:
    QV 596
    Schlagwort(e): Betriebliche Altersversorgung ; Regulierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Betriebliche Altersversorgung ; OECD ; Evaluation
    Kurzfassung: Occupational pensions play a major role in OECD countries and worldwide, complementing retirement income from state sources. At the end of 2009, private pension savings reached USD 25 trillion. Population ageing has led many OECD countries to undertake a wide range of pension reforms – the overall effect of which has been to reduce public pension promises and, in turn, to increase the importance of private pension savings for retirement. The Core Principles cover seven key areas: i) Conditions for effective regulation and supervision; ; ii) Establishment of pension plans, pension funds, and pension fund managing companies; iii) Pension plan liabilities, funding rules, winding up, and insurance; iv) Asset Management; v) Rights of members and beneficiaries and adequacy of benefits; vi) Governance; and vii) Supervision. Each of the seven core principles consists of a main text and a set of implementing guidelines. In the case of the core principle of supervision, the supporting guidelines integrate the IOPS Principles of Private Pension Supervision. The Methodology provides a structured approach for evaluating a jurisdiction’s occupational pension regulatory system in relation to the OECD Core Principles of Occupational Pension Regulation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264087095-en
    URL: Volltext
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    Panorama de la salud 2007 : Los indicadores de la OCDE (2010)
    Madrid : Ministry of Health, Spain
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264083875
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (196 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Health at a Glance 2007; OECD Indicators
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Panorama de la santé 2007 ; Les indicateurs de l'OCDE
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Gesundheit auf einen Blick 2007; OECD-Indikatoren
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Health at a Glance 2007; OECD Indicators (Korean version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Health at a Glance 2007: OECD Indicators
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Panorama de la santé 2007 : Les indicateurs de l'OCDE
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Gesundheit auf einen Blick 2007: OECD-Indikatoren
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Health at a Glance 2007: OECD Indicators (Korean version)
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Esta cuarta edición del Panorama de la salud ofrece los últimos datos comparables y las tendencias en diferentes aspectos del funcionamiento de los sistemas sanitarios en los países de la OCDE. Proporciona evidencia de la existencia de grandes variaciones entre los países en los indicadores del estado de salud y factores de riesgo. Por primera vez, esta publicación incluye un capítulo sobre los nuevos indicadores de calidad de los cuidados mostrando las variaciones entre países en datos como son las tasas de supervivencia después de un ataque cardíaco, accidente cerebrovascular y el cáncer.En el libro cada indicador se presenta en un formato de fácil uso, compuesto de gráficos que muestran las variaciones entre países y en el tiempo, un breve análisis descriptivo, destacando las principales conclusiones sugeridas por los datos, y un cuadro metodológico sobre la definición del indicador. En la publicación se incluye un anexo estadístico con información adicional para la mayoría de los indicadores; a menudo se presentan series temporales desde 1960. Esta publicación se basa en la información disponible en la OECD Health Data 2007, constituyendo el conjunto más completo de estadísticas e indicadores que permite la comparación de los sistemas sanitarios en los 30 países miembros de la OCDE. La publicación también incluye un enlace interactivo (StatLink) que remitiendo al lector a una página web en la que encontrará las estadísticas y las gráficas correspondientes en formato Excel.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264083875-es
    URL: Volltext
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  • 64
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    Equity in Student Achievement Across OECD Countries : An Investigation of the Role of Policies (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: economic studies Vol. 2010, no. 1, p. 1-50
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2856
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 50 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: economic studies
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2010, no. 1, p. 1-50
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This paper focuses on inequalities in learning opportunities for individuals coming from different socio-economic backgrounds as a measure of (in)equality of opportunity in OECD countries and provides insights on the potential role played by policies and institutions in shaping countries’ relative positions. Based on harmonised 15-year old students’ achievement data collected at the individual level, the empirical analysis shows that while Nordic European countries exhibit relatively low levels of inequality, continental Europe is characterised by high levels of inequality – in particular of schooling segregation along socio-economic lines – while Anglo-Saxon countries occupy a somewhat intermediate position. Despite the difficulty of properly identifying causal relationship, cross-country regression analysis provides insights on the potential for policies to explain observed differences in equity in education.
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-2010-5km61lb7b39x
    URL: Volltext
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  • 65
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    Migration and labour market outcomes in OECD countries (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: economic studies Vol. 2010, no. 1, p. 1-34
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2856
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 34 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: economic studies
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2010, no. 1, p. 1-34
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: Immigration pressures are increasing in most OECD countries. This article investigates the consequences of immigration for natives’ labour market outcomes, as well as issues linked to immigrants’ integration in the host country labour market. Changes in the share of immigrants in the labour force may have a distributive impact on natives’ wages, and a temporary impact on unemployment. However, labour market integration of immigrants (as well as integration of second-generation immigrants both in terms of educational attainments and of labour market outcomes) remains the main challenge facing host economies. In both cases, product and labour market policies have a significant role to play in easing the economy’s adjustment to immigration.
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-2010-5kmhf827kws6
    URL: Volltext
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    Manual de estadísticas de patentes de la OCDE (2010)
    Madrid : Oficina Española de Patentes y Marcas, Ministry of Industry, Tourism and Trade, Spain
    Details
    ISBN: 9788496113176
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (179 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Patent Statistics Manual
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Manuel de l'OCDE sur les statistiques des brevets
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: La edición del Manual de estadísticas de patentes de la OCDE recoge los avances más recientes en este campo. Proporciona directrices para la utilización de los datos de patentes como indicadores de la ciencia y la tecnología, así como recomendaciones para la recopilación e interpretación de los indicadores de patente. Su objetivo es mostrar para qué pueden y para qué no pueden ser utilizadas las estadísticas de patentes, y cómo deben contabilizarse para obtener la mayor información acerca de las actividades de ciencia y tecnología (CyT) al tiempo que se reduzca el ruido estadístico y el sesgo. Finalmente, describe cómo los datos de patentes pueden emplearse en el análisis de una amplia colección de temas relacionados con el cambio técnico y la actividad de patentes, incluidos los vínculos entre industria-ciencia, estrategias de las empresas a la hora de patentar, internacionalización de la investigación e indicadores del valor de las patentes.
    DOI: 10.1787/9788496113176-es
    URL: Volltext
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  • 67
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    Export and Import Price Index Manual: Theory and Practice (2010)
    Washington DC. : International Monetary Fund
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264085411
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (675 p)
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: A joint production by six international organizations, this manual explores the conceptual and theoretical issues that national statistical offices should consider in the daily compilation of export and import price indices. Intended for use by both developed and developing countries, it replaces guidance from the United Nations that is now more than a quarter-century old and thus badly outdated. The chapters cover many topics; they elaborate on the different practices currently in use, propose alternatives whenever possible, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each alternative. Given its comprehensive nature, the manual is expected to satisfy the needs of many users in addition to national statistical offices and international organizations, particularly businesses, policymakers, and researchers.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264085411-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 68
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    Understanding Economic Statistics: An OECD Perspective : (Czech version) (2010)
    Praha 3 : Wolters Kluwer, Czech Republic
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264094413
    Sprache: Tschechisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Understanding Economic Statistics; An OECD Perspective
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Understanding Economic Statistics: An OECD Perspective
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264094413-cs
    URL: Volltext
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    Improving Health and Social Cohesion through Education (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264086319
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Serie: Educational Research and Innovation
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. L'éducation, un levier pour améliorer la santé et la cohésion sociale
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Gesundheitserziehung
    Kurzfassung: Today’s global policy climate underlines the importance of better addressing non-economic dimensions of well-being and social progress such as health, social engagement, political interest and crime. Education plays an important role in shaping indicators of progress. However, we understand little about the causal effects, the causal pathways, the role of contexts and the relative impacts that different educational interventions have on social outcomes. This report addresses challenges in assessing the social outcomes of learning by providing a synthesis of the existing evidence, original data analyses and policy discussions. The report finds that education has the potential to promote health as well as civic and social engagement. Education may reduce inequalities by fostering cognitive, social and emotional skills and promoting healthy lifestyles, participatory practices and norms. These efforts are most likely to be successful when family and community environments are aligned with the efforts made in educational institutions. This calls for ensuring policy coherence across sectors and stages of education.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264086319-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 70
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    Frascati Manual 2002 : Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development (Chinese version) (2010)
    Beijing : Ministry of Science and Technology, China
    Details
    ISBN: 9787502365684
    Sprache: Chinesisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (251 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002; Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Manuel de Frascati 2002 ; Méthode type proposée pour les enquêtes sur la recherche et le développement expérimental
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002; Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development (Lithuanian version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Manual de Frascati 2002; Proposta de Práticas Exemplares para Inquéritos sobre Investigação e Desenvolvimento Experimental
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002: Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Manuel de Frascati 2002 : Méthode type proposée pour les enquêtes sur la recherche et le développement expérimental
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002: Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development (Lithuanian version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Manual de Frascati 2002: Proposta de Práticas Exemplares para Inquéritos sobre Investigação e Desenvolvimento Experimental
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: The internationally recognized methodology for collecting and using R&D statistics, the Frascati Manual is an essential tool for statisticians worldwide. It includes definitions of basic concepts, data collection guidelines, and classifications for compiling statistics. This updated edition contains improved guidelines adjusted for chnges in OECD economies, including measurement of service-sector R&D, R&D globalisation, and R&D human resources.
    DOI: 10.1787/9787502365684-zh
    URL: Volltext
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  • 71
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    Cutting Costs in Chemicals Management : How OECD Helps Governments and Industry (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264085930
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (46 p)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Réduire les coûts de gestion des produits chimiques ; Comment l'OCDE aide les gouvernements et l'industrie
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Réduire les coûts de gestion des produits chimiques : Comment l'OCDE aide les gouvernements et l'industrie
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: The chemicals industry - including industrial chemicals, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, food and feed additives and cosmetics - is one of the world’s largest industrial sectors. Many chemical products are traded internationally. Varying national requirements can mean duplication of efforts and significant costs for the chemicals industry, as well as posing barriers to trade. By agreeing on test methods and data quality and sharing the workload of chemical safety testing and assessments, countries together achieve environmentally sustainable and cost-effective results. For non-clinical health and safety testing, for example, the results of such studies carried out on a chemical product in one OECD country must be accepted by the others as long as it was carried out in accordance with the OECD Test Guidelines and Principles of Good Laboratory Practice. This saves the chemicals industry the expense of duplicative testing for products that are marketed in more than one country. This report analyses the rigorous and comprehensive system for assessing and managing chemicals that helps governments and industry save about EUR 150 million each year, through “work sharing” facilitated by the OECD.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264085930-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 72
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    Intergenerational Social Mobility in OECD Countries (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: economic studies Vol. 2010, no. 1, p. 1-44
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2856
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 44 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: economic studies
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2010, no. 1, p. 1-44
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This paper assesses recent patterns of intergenerational social mobility across OECD countries and examines the role that public policies can play. It shows that the relationship between parental or socio-economic background and offspring educational and wage outcomes is positive and significant in practically all countries for which evidence is available. Intergenerational social mobility is measured by several different indicators, since no single indicator provides a complete picture. However, one pattern that emerges is of a group of countries, southern European countries and Luxembourg, which appears to rank as relatively immobile on most indicators, while another group, the Nordic countries, is found to be more mobile. Furthermore, public policies such as education and early childcare play a role in explaining observed differences in intergenerational social mobility across countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-2010-5km33scz5rjj
    URL: Volltext
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  • 73
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    Sickness, Disability and Work: Breaking the Barriers: Canada : Opportunities for Collaboration (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264090422
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (85 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Maladie, invalidité et travail ; Surmonter les obstacles ; Canada ; Des possibilités de collaboration
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Maladie, invalidité et travail : Surmonter les obstacles : Canada : Des possibilités de collaboration
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada
    Kurzfassung: Sickness and disability policy reform has been a priority for OECD countries wanting to improve employment and social outcomes in this domain. The recent recession and corresponding fall in labour demand is expected to hit marginalised workers, including workers with health problems or disability, harder than the broader working-age population. There is a pressing need for policy makers to address the recent “medicalisation” of labour market problems, a phenomenon that appears to underlie much of the difficulties countries find in disability policy making. This report is an assessment of the Canadian situation, albeit through the lens of the federal government and the provinces of Québec, British Columbia and Manitoba. It looks at the current state of play following a decade of various reforms and preceding a period where further revisions are likely.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264090422-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 74
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    Reducir el papeleo. Comparación internacional de las cargas administrativas (2010)
    Madrid : Instituto Nacional de Administración Pública (INAP), Spain
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264055735
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (244 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Comparing Administrative Burdens across Countries
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Industry and Services ; Belgium ; Canada ; Denmark ; France ; Germany ; Italy ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Sweden ; Turkey
    Kurzfassung: Reducir la burocracia para mejorar la actividad empresarial se ha vuelto una prioridad en los países de la OCDE. Este estudio piloto mide y compara internacionalmente las cargas administrativas en el sector de transporte por carretera en once países miembros de la OCDE: Alemania, Bélgica, Canadá, Dinamarca, Francia, Holanda, Italia, Noruega, Nueva Zelanda, Suecia y Turquía. El objetivo del ejercicio es doble: identificar las buenas prácticas y proporcionar aportaciones para la simplificación de las estrategias nacionales, y desarrollar y probar un modelo para la comparación internacional.La medición, la cuantificación y la elaboración de políticas basada en evidencia son características que están predominando la estrategia en muchos países. Al estandarizar la metodología para la medición nacional, se puede realizar comparaciones internacionales. Así se facilita la identificación de buenas prácticas, las cuales pueden ser usadas para desarrollar estrategias de simplificación.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264055735-es
    URL: Volltext
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  • 75
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    La competición global por el talento : Movilidad de los trabajadores altamente cualificados (2010)
    Madrid : Instituto Nacional de Administración Pública (INAP), Spain
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264085053
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (185 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. The Global Competition for Talent; Mobility of the Highly Skilled
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Attirer les talents ; Les travailleurs hautement qualifiés au cœur de la concurrence internationale
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. The Global Competition for Talent: Mobility of the Highly Skilled
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Attirer les talents : Les travailleurs hautement qualifiés au cœur de la concurrence internationale
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Kurzfassung: La movilidad internacional de trabajadores altamente cualificados va en aumento en escala y en complejidad en tanto más economías participan en actividades de innovación e I+D. El talento en movimiento difunde internacionalmente el conocimiento tanto de manera directa como indirecta. Esto puede impulsar el desempeño de la innovación en el mundo con beneficios mutuos tanto para los países emisores como para los países receptores. Es claro que la movilidad conduce a un aumento en el nivel de la internacionalización e integración del mercado de trabajo, y la competencia por el talento está ahora influenciando iniciativas de políticas de innovación en el mundo. La mayoría de los países ofrecen una gama de políticas centradas en apoyar y motivar la movilidad, aunque pocos cuentan con una estrategia de movilidad específica y coherente. Muchas naciones buscan atraer al mismo grupo de personas altamente cualificadas; por consiguiente depender de los flujos internacionales para cubrir vacíos actuales o futuros en el abasto de talento implica riesgos. Son retos clave para los países atender las limitaciones de las políticas nacionales que podrían limitar la disponibilidad local de trabajadores cualificados, y asegurar un entorno más propicio y sólido para la innovación y el esfuerzo científico.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264085053-es
    URL: Volltext
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  • 76
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    Obesity and the Economics of Prevention : Fit not Fat (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264084865
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (268 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. L'obésité et l'économie de la prévention ; Objectif santé
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. L'obésité et l'économie de la prévention : Objectif santé
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Sassi, Franco Obesity and the economics of prevention
    RVK:
    QX 705
    Schlagwort(e): Körpergewicht ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Übergewicht ; Wirtschaftliche Situation ; Prävention ; Fettsucht ; Prävention ; Gesundheitsökonomie
    Kurzfassung: Before 1980, rates were generally well below 10%. They have since doubled or tripled in many countries, and in almost half of the OECD, 50% or more of the population is overweight. A key risk factor for numerous chronic diseases, obesity is a major public health concern. This book contributes to evidence-based policy making by exploring multiple dimensions of the obesity problem. It examines the scale and characteristics of the epidemic, the respective roles and influence of market forces and governments, and the impact of interventions. It outlines an economic approach to the prevention of chronic diseases that provides novel insights relative to a more traditional public health approach. The analysis was undertaken by the OECD, partly in collaboration with the World Health Organization. The main chapters are complemented by special contributions from health and obesity experts, including Marc Suhrcke, Tim Lobstein, Donald Kenkel and Francesco Branca. “a valuable set of results and suggestions about the best preventive interventions to reduce the burden of obesity.” – Julio Frenk, Dean, Harvard School of Public Health “The positive message of this book is that the obesity epidemic can be successfully addressed.” – Ala Alwan, Assistant Director-General, World Health Organization “innovative and well-researched” – Martin McKee, Professor, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine "A timely, valuable volume on a critical issue. Highly recommended."-Choice, July 2011
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264084865-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 77
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    Improving Value in Health Care : Measuring Quality (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264094819
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Serie: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Améliorer la performance des soins de santé ; Comment mesurer leur qualité
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Améliorer la performance des soins de santé : Comment mesurer leur qualité
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Qualitätskontrolle
    Kurzfassung: Are breast cancer survival rates higher in the United States than in the United Kingdom and France? Are a patient's chances of dying within 30 days after admission to a hospital with a heart attack lower in Canada than in Korea? Are surgeons in some countries more likely to leave “foreign bodies” behind after operations or make accidental punctures or lacerations rates when performing surgery? The need for answers to these kinds of questions and the value of measuring the quality of health care are among the issues addressed in this publication. Many health policies depend on our ability to measure the quality of care accurately. Governments want to increase “patient-centeredness”, improve co-ordination of care, and pay providers of high-quality care more than those who underperform. However, measuring the quality of health care is challenging. The OECD’s Health Care Quality Indicator project has overcome some of the problems, though many remain. If policy makers are serious about improving the body of evidence on the quality of care, they need to improve their health information systems. This publication describes what international comparable quality measures are currently available and how to link these measures to quality policies such as accreditation, practice guidelines, pay-for-performance, national safety programmes and quality reporting.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264094819-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 78
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    Poland: Key Issues and Policies (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264081918
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (230 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als SMEs and entrepreneurship Poland 2010
    Schlagwort(e): 2010 ; KMU ; Entrepreneurship ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Polen ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services ; Poland
    Kurzfassung: The rapid growth of entrepreneurship and small firms has been one of the greatest successes in post-Communist transformation in Poland. SMEs have greatly contributed to employment, investment and value added in the Polish economy. However, key barriers to further growth remain in the business environment for SMEs and entrepreneurs. This book sets out the current SME and entrepreneurship climate, reviews SME and entrepreneurship issues and policies at national and local levels, and provides observations and recommendations for improving and supporting entrepreneurship and SMEs in Poland.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264081918-en
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  • 79
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    Sickness, Disability and Work: Breaking the Barriers: Sweden : Will the Recent Reforms Make It? (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264090606
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (49 p.) , ill.
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden
    Kurzfassung: Sickness and disability is a key economic policy concern for many OECD countries. Medical conditions, or problems labelled as such by societies and policy systems, are proving an increasing obstacle to raising labour force participation and keeping public expenditure under control. More and more people of working age rely on sickness and disability benefits as their main source of income, and the employment rates of those reporting disabling conditions are low. This report is an assessment of the Swedish reforms, which aim to lower inactivity and increase participation, against the background of recent trends and policy responses in other OECD countries. It looks at what Sweden is currently doing and what more it could do to transform its sickness and disability schemes from passive benefits to active support systems that promote work.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264090606-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 80
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    Measuring Globalisation: OECD Economic Globalisation Indicators 2010 (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264084360 , 9789264084377
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (232 p.) , ill.
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: This second edition of the OECD Economic Globalisation Indicators presents a broad range of indicators showing the magnitude and intensity of globalisation. This process is becoming increasingly important for policymakers and other analysts, hence the need for a volume that brings together the existing measures, based on national data sources and comparable across countries. Together, the indicators shed new light on financial, technological and trade interdependencies within OECD and non-OECD countries. Measures of globalisation include indicators on capital movements and foreign direct investments, international trade, the economic activity of multinational firms and the internationalisation of technology. In addition, the 2010 edition also includes indicators linked to the current financial crisis, portfolio investments, environmental aspects and the emergence of global value chains.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264084360-en
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  • 81
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    The Impacts of Nanotechnology on Companies : Policy Insights from Case Studies (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264094635
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD The impacts of nanotechnology on companies
    RVK:
    QR 525
    Schlagwort(e): Nanotechnologie ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Technologiepolitik ; Innovationsmanagement ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Nanotechnologie ; Markt ; Wirtschaftswachstum
    Kurzfassung: Nanotechnology has its origin in the converging abilities of physics, chemistry and materials science. Its purpose is the manipulation of atoms and molecules in order to create new properties of materials and systems for a wide variety of applications in a very broad range of sectors. Nanotechnology is forecast to create large markets and many new jobs and may be the springboard for industrial renewal and long-term growth. Governments around the world have targeted this emerging technology in their R&D investments and are strategising about the best ways to promote the responsible development and use of nanotechnology given the absence of any in-depth analysis of its commercialisation. What are the potential economic impacts of nanotechnology, how are companies using nanotechnology for innovation, and what are the key challenges in its commercialisation? These are some of the issues that this book addresses, based on a large number of company case studies in several countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264094635-en
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  • 82
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    Guidance on Sustainability Impact Assessment (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264086913
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (32 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Document d'orientation pour les études d'impact sur la durabilité
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: This publication offers a general introduction to sustainability impact assessment, which is an approach for exploring the combined economic, environmental and social impacts of a range of proposed policies, programmes, strategies and action plans. Such assessments can also assist decision-making and strategic planning throughout the entire policy cycles. It is not an in-depth or detailed user manual, but rather outlines basic principles and process steps of sustainability impact assessments, drawing on examples from Switzerland, Belgium and the European Commission, among others. This publication is a valuable source of information for policy makers on sustainability impact assessments.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264086913-en
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  • 83
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    Trade and Economic Effects of Responses to the Economic Crisis (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264088436
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Serie: OECD Trade Policy Studies
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Trade and economic effects of responses to the economic crisis
    RVK:
    QM 200
    Schlagwort(e): Finanzkrise ; Wirtschaftskrise ; Internationale Wirtschaft ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Welt ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Welthandel ; Handelsvolumen ; Wirtschaftskrise ; Geschichte 2009
    Kurzfassung: The dramatic collapse in world trade in 2009 is, this report shows, mainly due to: the drop in demand for highly traded products; the drying up of trade finance; and the vertically integrated nature of global supply chains. Contrary to expectations, protectionist measures were relatively muted and did not play a significant part. In fact, because of their sheer size, stimulus measures may have had more impact on trade than direct trade policy measures Nevertheless, dollar for dollar, direct trade restricting measures have the most strongly negative impacts on growth and employment: a one dollar increase in tariff revenues results in a USD 2.16 drop in world exports and a USD 0.73 drop in world income. The analyses presented here suggest that exit strategies from measures to deal with the crisis will be most effective in boosting growth and jobs if they first roll back measures that discriminate between domestic and foreign firms and those that target specific sectors. General demand stimulus measures and active labour market policies are preferable under current conditions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264088436-en
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  • 84
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    Transition to a Low-Carbon Economy : Public Goals and Corporate Practices (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264090231
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. La transition vers une économie sobre en carbone ; objectifs publics et pratiques des entreprises
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. La transition vers une économie sobre en carbone : objectifs publics et pratiques des entreprises
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Transition to a low-carbon economy
    RVK:
    QT 800
    Schlagwort(e): Klimawandel ; Umweltmanagement ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Umweltbezogenes Management ; Klimaänderung
    Kurzfassung: Companies are increasingly aware of the need to address climate change. However, while many companies are taking action to address climate change, many others are still lagging behind. This report surveys responsible business practices addressing climate change and driving the shift to a low-carbon economy. It summarises policies, regulations and other instruments in support of a low carbon economy in OECD countries and emerging economies, and analyses corporate responses to these drivers. Using the principles of responsible business conduct identified in the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises, this report reviews three key areas of corporate action: accounting for greenhouse gas emissions; achieving emissions reductions; and engaging suppliers, consumers and other stakeholders.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264090231-en
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  • 85
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    Structural and Demographic Business Statistics 2009 (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264072886
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (400 p.) , ill.
    Schlagwort(e): Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: This publication provides a summary of the information available in the OECD Structural and Demographic Business Statistics (SDBS) database. Key economic variables are presented at the International Standard of Industrial Classification, Revision 3 (ISIC) 2-digit level, for all industries and OECD member countries. It provides a wealth of information at a very detailed sectoral level including: turnover, value-added, production, operating surplus, employment, labour costs and investment. The breakdown by industrial sector, including services, is supplemented by a further breakdown into business size classes, further enhancing the analytical capabilities of the database. The database also includes business demography statistics such as business birth, death and survival rates as well as the number of high-growth enterprises. As such, the database and the publication will help answer such questions as: Which sectors have experienced positive/negative growth in recent years? What contribution do small businesses make to economic activity? How does the structure of businesses vary across OECD countries? Which industrial sectors have the highest labour productivity? How does labour productivity vary by business size? Are small and medium enterprises (SMEs) more or less profitable per employee than large businesses? Which sectors invest most?
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264072886-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 86
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    La comprensión del cerebro: El nacimiento de una ciencia del aprendizaje (2010)
    Santiago de Chile : Universidad Catolica Cardenal Raul Silva Henriquez, Chile
    Details
    ISBN: 9789567947928
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (425 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Understanding the Brain; The Birth of a Learning Science
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Comprendre le cerveau ; Naissance d'une science de l'apprentissage
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Understanding the Brain: The Birth of a Learning Science
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Comprendre le cerveau : Naissance d'une science de l'apprentissage
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Esta obra proporciona nuevas perspectivas acerca del aprendizaje, se sintetizan los hallazgos existentes y en surgimiento de la ciencia cognitiva y del cerebro, y explora cómo esta nueva información puede impactar la enseñanza, la crianza y la elaboración de política educativa. El libro muestra que las más recientes técnicas de imagenología cerebral y otros avances en las neurociencias revelan realmente acerca de cómo el cerebro se desarrolla y funciona en las distintas etapas desde el nacimiento hasta la vejez y cómo el cerebro se relaciona al adquirir competencias tales como la lectura y el cálculo. También se presentan perspectivas científicas de lo que sucede cuando el cerebro padece enfermedades como la dislexia o el mal de Alzheimer.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789567947928-es
    URL: Volltext
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  • 87
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation: Catalonia, Spain 2010 (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264082052
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (272 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Catalonia, Spain
    RVK:
    QG 520
    Schlagwort(e): Technologiepolitik ; Katalonien ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Spain ; Katalonien ; Innovationsförderung
    Kurzfassung: This review of regional innovation assesses how to improve Catalonia's current strategy and actions in order to boost its innovation system through both its own programmes and those of Spain and the European Union. It finds that with over seven million inhabitants and a GDP of around EUR 204 billion, Catalonia is not only an important region within Spain, but within the OECD as well. Indeed, its economic output is similar to countries like Portugal and Norway. The region experienced massive population growth over the past decade, due to immigration, which in part drove GDP growth. However, Catalonia’s productivity is slipping, relative to other OECD regions, necessitating the transition to a productivity-driven growth model through a stronger regional innovation system. The region has successfully strengthened its research base, with investments in R&D having increased four-fold over the past decade. Catalonia is now mobilising actors across the innovation system in regional centres, such as Barcelona, to improve productivity and address social challenges.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264082052-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 88
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Measuring Productivity - OECD Manual : Measurement of Aggregate and Industry-level Productivity Growth (Chinese version) (2009)
    Beijing : Ministry of Science and Technology, China
    Details
    ISBN: 9787502362225
    Sprache: Chinesisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (127 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Measuring Productivity - OECD Manual; Measurement of Aggregate and Industry-level Productivity Growth
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Mesurer la productivité - Manuel de l'OCDE ; Mesurer la croissance de la productivité par secteur et pour l'ensemble de l'économie
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Measuring Productivity - OECD Manual: Measurement of Aggregate and Industry-level Productivity Growth
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Mesurer la productivité - Manuel de l'OCDE : Mesurer la croissance de la productivité par secteur et pour l'ensemble de l'économie
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Industry and Services
    DOI: 10.1787/9787502362225-zh
    URL: Volltext
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  • 89
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    PISA Data Analysis Manual: SAS, Second Edition (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056251
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (467 p.)
    Ausgabe: Second Edition
    Serie: PISA
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: The OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) surveys collected data on students’ performance in reading, mathematics and science, as well as contextual information on students’ background, home characteristics and school factors which could influence performance. This publication includes detailed information on how to analyse the PISA data, enabling researchers to both reproduce the initial results and to undertake further analyses. In addition to the inclusion of the necessary techniques, the manual also includes a detailed account of the PISA 2006 database. It also includes worked examples providing full syntax in SAS®.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056251-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 90
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Intergenerational Social Mobility (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 71 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.707
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This paper assesses recent patterns in intergenerational social mobility across OECD countries and examines the role that public policies can play in affecting such mobility. It shows that the relationship between parental or socio-economic background and offspring’s educational and wage outcomes is positive and significant in practically all countries for which evidence is available. Intergenerational social mobility is measured by several different indicators since no single indicator provides a complete picture. However, one pattern that emerges is of a group of countries, e.g. southern European countries and Luxembourg, which appears to rank as relatively immobile on most indicators, while another group, e.g. Nordics, is found to be more mobile. Furthermore, public policies such as education and early childcare play a role in explaining observed differences in intergenerational social mobility across countries. In addition, this study also finds a positive cross-country correlation between intergenerational social mobility and redistributive policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/223106258208
    URL: Volltext
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  • 91
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Pensions at a Glance : Asia/Pacific (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059771
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (102 p)
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: The report analyses the retirement income systems of 18 Asian countries, including Australia, China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, the Philippines and Vietnam. It says that reform is needed because: coverage of formal pension systems is relatively low; withdrawal of savings before retirement is very common; pension savings are often taken as lump sums and often do not provide people with adequate income over their lifetime; pensions payments are not automatically adjusted to reflect changes in the cost of living. In OECD countries, an average of 70% of the working-age population are eligible for a pension. However in South Asia, just 7.5% of the working-age population are eligible and in East Asia 18%. Furthermore, few countries in Asia/Pacific have social pensions to provide safety-net retirement incomes for people who are not members of formal schemes. Only in India are social pensions significant, with around 10 to 15% of older people covered.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059771-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 92
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    OECD Economic Surveys: Italy 2009 : (Italian version) (2009)
    Paris : Permanent Delegation of Italy to the OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264077355
    Sprache: Italienisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (158 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys; Italy 2009
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE ; Italie 2009
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys: Italy 2009
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE : Italie 2009
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Italy
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264077355-it
    URL: Volltext
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  • 93
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Climate Change and Africa (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: general papers Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 5-35
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-283X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 32 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: general papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 5-35
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: Climate change is a major threat to sustainable growth and development in Africa, and the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. Africa is particularly vulnerable to climate change because of its overdependence on rain-fed agriculture, compounded by factors such as widespread poverty and weak capacity. The main longer-term impacts include: changing rainfall patterns affecting agriculture and reducing food security; worsening water security; decreasing fish resources in large lakes due to rising temperature; shifting vectorborne diseases; rising sea level affecting low-lying coastal areas with large populations; and rising water stress.
    DOI: 10.1787/gen_papers-v2009-art2-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 94
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Measuring Capital - OECD Manual 2009 : Second edition (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264068476
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (233 p.) , ill.
    Ausgabe: Second edition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. La mesure du capital - Manuel de l'OCDE 2009 ; Deuxième édition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Medición del capital - Manual OCDE 2009 ; Segunda edición
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. La mesure du capital - Manuel de l'OCDE 2009 : Deuxième édition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Medición del capital - Manual OCDE 2009 : Segunda edición
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Measuring capital
    RVK:
    QI 200
    Schlagwort(e): Kapitalstock ; Messung ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Kapitalbildung ; Kapitalvermögen ; Kapitalertrag ; Messung
    Kurzfassung: Capital - in particular of the physical sort - plays several roles in economic life: it constitutes wealth and it it provides services in production processes. Capital is invested, disinvested and it depreciates and becomes obsolescent and there is a question how to measure all these dimensions of capital in industry and national accounts. This revised Capital Manual is a comprehensive guide to the approaches toward capital measurement. It gives statisticians, researchers and analysts practical advice while providing theoretical background and an overview of the relevant literature. The manual comes in three parts - a first part with a non-technical description with the main concepts and steps involved in measuring capital; a second part directed at implementation and a third part outlining theory and a more complete mathematical formulation of the measurement process.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264068476-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 95
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment 2008 : Fourth Edition (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264048751 , 9789264045743
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (241 p.) , ill.
    Ausgabe: Fourth Edition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Définition de référence de l'OCDE des investissements directs internationaux 2008 ; Quatrième édition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OCDE Definición Marco de Inversión Extranjera Directa ; Cuarta edición
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Définition de référence de l'OCDE des investissements directs internationaux 2008 : Quatrième édition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OCDE Definición Marco de Inversión Extranjera Directa : Cuarta edición
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD benchmark definition of foreign direct investment
    RVK:
    QM 355
    Schlagwort(e): Auslandsinvestition ; Statistische Methode ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Direktinvestition ; Auslandsinvestition ; Statistik ; Datenerhebung ; Richtlinie
    Kurzfassung: Foreign direct investment (FDI) is a major driver of globalisation. The OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment sets the world standard for FDI statistics. It provides a single point of reference for statisticians and users on all aspect of FDI statistics, while remaining compatible with other internationally accepted statistical standards. This edition introduces new analytical data breakdowns and statistical treatments that better reflect the realities of today’s world economy. The revised Benchmark Definition provides methods for classifying different types of FDI (e.g., mergers and acquisitions, greenfield investments) and for identifying the ultimate investor. The new edition now addresses the uses of FDI statistics, including globalisation indicators, and provides a chapter relating to the statistics on the activities of multinational enterprises.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264045743-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 96
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Estudios de la OCDE de Innovación Regional: 15 estados mexicanos (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060906
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (445 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation; 15 Mexican States 2009
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation: 15 Mexican States 2009
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Mexico
    Kurzfassung: Aunque México ha presentado estabilidad macroeconómica en años recientes, el país aún padece de un estancamiento en el crecimiento de su productividad. En un contexto mundial, la competitividad de México a largo plazo necesitará mayor acción tanto en el sector público como en el privado para estimular la innovación y el crecimiento económico en todas las regiones del territorio nacional. En este informe se revisan tanto las políticas nacionales como estatales de México y la manera en que pueden fomentar mejor los sistemas de innovación regional; incluye una semblanza de 15 estados.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060906-es
    URL: Volltext
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  • 97
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes: Australia 2009 (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060203
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Serie: Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Australia
    DDC: 331.3/40994
    RVK:
    QG 900
    RVK:
    QV 221
    Schlagwort(e): Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Australien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia ; Australien ; Jugendlicher Arbeitnehmer ; Arbeitsmarkt
    Kurzfassung: Whatever the level of qualification, first experiences on the labour market have a profound influence on later working life. Getting off to a good start facilitates integration and lays the foundation for a good career, while a failure can be difficult to make up. This report contains - for Australia - a survey of the main barriers to employment for young people, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to improve the transition from school-to-work, as well as a set of policy recommendations for further action.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060203-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 98
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Babies and Bosses - Reconciling Work and Family Life : A Synthesis of Findings for OECD Countries (Korean version) (2009)
    ParisaSeoul : OECD PublishingaOECD/Korea Policy Centre, Korea
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264063426
    Sprache: Koreanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (196 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Babies and Bosses - Reconciling Work and Family Life; A Synthesis of Findings for OECD Countries
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Bébés et employeurs - Comment réconcilier travail et vie de famille ; Synthèse des résultats dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Babies and Bosses - Reconciling Work and Family Life: A Synthesis of Findings for OECD Countries
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Bébés et employeurs - Comment réconcilier travail et vie de famille : Synthèse des résultats dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264063426-ko
    URL: Volltext
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  • 99
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Sector Specific Sources of Competitiveness in the Western Balkans : Recommendation for a Regional Investment Strategy (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264055698
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (229 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Competitiveness and Private Sector Development
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Sector specific sources of competitiveness in the Western Balkans
    RVK:
    QG 490
    Schlagwort(e): Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Branche ; Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Südosteuropa ; Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; Südosteuropa ; Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Investitionspolitik
    Kurzfassung: The Western Balkan region benefits from a cost-competitive labour force and geographic and cultural proximity to EU markets. However, cost competitiveness as a source of differentiation is not sustainable. Cost levels are increasing gradually in some sectors, reducing firms’ profitability. In order to sustain competitiveness, the Western Balkans needs to move up the value chain, from investing in automated technology to producing higher-quality goods and enhancing its human capital. This report examines the apparel manufacturing, automotive components and business process and technology outsourcing sectors, focusing on market competitiveness factors, industry key success factors and policy recommendations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264055698-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 100
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Natural Resources and Pro-Poor Growth : The Economics and Politics (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060258
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (168 p.) , ill.
    Serie: DAC Guidelines and Reference Series
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Ressources naturelles et croissance pro-pauvres ; Enjeux économiques et politiques
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Ressources naturelles et croissance pro-pauvres : Enjeux économiques et politiques
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Natural resources and pro-poor growth
    RVK:
    QG 020
    Schlagwort(e): Natürliche Ressourcen ; Armut ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Entwicklungsländer ; Agriculture and Food ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Entwicklungsländer ; Natürliche Ressourcen ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Wirtschaftswachstum
    Kurzfassung: This publication demonstrates that natural resources can contribute to growth, employment, exports and fiscal revenues in low-income countries, where natural capital constitutes a quarter of total wealth. It highlights the importance of policies encouraging the sustainable management of these resources. Moreover, it emphasises the need to address the political challenges of natural-resource management for long-term pro-poor economic growth. Part I provides an overview of the economics and politics of natural resources. It describes the unique features of natural resources and resulting management challenges, the role of sustainable natural resource management in supporting pro-poor growth, and the politics and governance of natural resources. It then offers recommendations for policy makers on how to support the approaches advocated in the paper. Part II examines these issues with respect to seven specific natural-resource sectors: fisheries, forests, wildlife and ecotourism, soil productivity, water security, minerals and renewable energy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060258-en
    URL: Volltext
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