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  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development  (291)
  • Andrews, Dan  (33)
  • World Bank
  • Economics  (328)
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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Doing green things: skills, reallocation, and the green transition (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (47 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1763
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: The need to rapidly decarbonise economies raises questions about whether countries’ workforces possess the requisite skills to achieve the net zero transition as well as the capacity to redeploy workers from “brown” to “green” jobs. This paper applies a task-based framework to granular data from the Occupational Information Network (O*NET) and country-specific employment sources to generate new indicators of the green skills structure of labour markets for a large number of OECD countries and non-OECD EU countries. Significant cross-country differences emerge in the underlying supply of green skill and the potential of economies to reallocate brown job workers to green jobs within their broad occupation categories. In a majority of detailed brown occupations, workers have in principle the necessary skills to transition to green jobs, with the exception of those in production occupations, who may require more extensive re-skilling. In contrast, workers from most highly automatable occupations are generally not found to have the sufficient skills to transition to green jobs, suggesting more limited scope for the net-zero transition to reinstate labour displaced by automation.
    DOI: 10.1787/286a5007-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The COVID-19 shock and productivity-enhancing reallocation in Australia: Real-time evidence from Single Touch Payroll (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (41 p.)
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1677
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Australia
    Kurzfassung: The consequences of the pandemic for potential output will partly hinge on its impact on high productivity firms, and more generally the ongoing process of productivity-enhancing reallocation – the rate at which scarce resources are reallocated from less productive to more productive firms. While Schumpeter (1939) originally proposed that recessions can accelerate this process, the more ‘random’ nature of the COVID-19 shock coupled with a policy response that prioritised preservation (over reallocation) raises questions about whether job reallocation remained productivity-enhancing over the course of the pandemic. Despite these headwinds, our analysis based on novel high-frequency employment data for Australia shows that job reallocation (and firm exit) remained solidly connected to firm productivity over 2020. The greater resilience of high productivity firms is significant, given that an indiscriminate shakeout of such firms – and the associated destruction of firm-specific intangible capital – would have imparted significant scarring effects. As it turns out, the temporary nature of Australia’s job retention scheme (JobKeeper) made an important (and surprising) positive contribution to this process, with material consequences for aggregate productivity. But the scheme appears to have become more distortive over time, justifying its timely withdraw – on productivity grounds at least.
    DOI: 10.1787/2f6e7cb1-en
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    COVID-19, productivity and reallocation: Timely evidence from three OECD countries (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (47 p.)
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1676
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Australia ; New Zealand ; United Kingdom
    Kurzfassung: The longer run consequences of the pandemic will partly hinge on its impact on high productivity firms, and the ongoing process of labour reallocation from low to high productivity firms. While Schumpeter (1939) proposed that recessions can accelerate this process, the nature of the COVID-19 shock coupled with a policy response that prioritised preservation (over reallocation) raises questions about whether job reallocation remained productivity-enhancing. Using novel, near-real-time data for Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom, this paper shows that while labour turnover fell in response to the pandemic, job reallocation remained connected to firm productivity – that is, high productivity firms were more likely to expand and low productivity firms were more likely to contract. The pandemic coincided with a temporary strengthening of the reallocation-productivity link in Australia – but a weakening in New Zealand – which appears related to the design of job retention schemes. Finally, firms that intensively used Apps to manage their business were more resilient, even after controlling for productivity. Thus, while policy partly suppressed creative destruction, the nature of the shock – i.e. one where being online and able to operate remotely were key – favoured high productivity and tech-savvy firms, resulting in a reallocation of labour to such firms. The use of timely, novel data to investigate the allocative effects of the pandemic marks a significant advance, given that the seminal paper on productivity-enhancing reallocation during the Great Recession arrived some six years after Lehman Brothers collapsed.
    DOI: 10.1787/d2c4b89c-en
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The career effects of labour market conditions at entry (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p.)
    Serie: OECD Productivity Working Papers no.20
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This paper explores the effects of labour market conditions at graduation on an individual’s work-life over the following decade. Australians graduating into a state and year with a 5 percentage point higher youth unemployment rate can expect to earn roughly 8 per cent less in their first year of work and 3½ per cent less after five years, with the effect gradually fading to around zero ten years on. The magnitude of this effect varies according to the characteristics of the individual and the tertiary institution they attend. We then explore the mechanisms behind this scarring. Scarring partly reflects the subsequent evolution of the unemployment rate — the fact that unemployment shocks tend to persist — highlighting the potential for timely and effective macroeconomic stabilisation policies to ameliorate these scarring effects. More generally, job switching to more productive firms emerges as a key channel through which workers recover from adverse shocks that initially disrupt (worker-firm) match quality. We find some evidence that the speed of recovery has slowed since 2000, which is consistent with the decline in labour market dynamism observed in Australia over that period.
    DOI: 10.1787/29c11c75-en
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    A genie in a bottle? : globalisation, competition and inflation (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1462
    Schlagwort(e): Globalisierung ; Wettbewerb ; Inflation ; Marktmacht ; Betriebliche Wertschöpfung ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Declining inflation in many countries over the past few decades at the same time as rising global competition has led to a debate on the importance of globalisation for domestic inflation. This paper explores the implications of global value chain (GVC) integration and market contestability for inflation using a range of industry-level and micro-data sources. We provide evidence that rising participation in GVCs has placed downward pressure on producer price inflation, by increasing the ability of firms to substitute domestic inputs with cheaper foreign equivalents. We investigate the channels, which suggests that increased GVC participation contributed to lower inflation via downward pressures on unit labour costs – by raising productivity and reducing wages – in the importing country, especially when low-wage countries are integrated in supply chains. We then present industry-level evidence to support the conjecture that a higher level of GVC integration dampens producer price inflation by accentuating the impact of global economic slack on domestic inflation. However, we also find an increasing trend in mark-ups, suggestive of rising market power, particularly in services sectors. Thus, looking forward, there is a risk that stalling globalisation since the crisis, coupled with stronger aggregate demand and declining market contestability, could lead to inflationary pressures in the medium term, thereby letting the inflation genie out of the bottle.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/deda7e54-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Digital technology diffusion : a matter of capabilities, incentives or both? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 80 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1476
    Schlagwort(e): 2010 - 2016 ; Digitalisierung ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Innovationsdiffusion ; Produktivitätsentwicklung ; Qualifikation ; Europa ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Insufficient diffusion of new technologies has been quoted as one possible reason for weak productivity performance over the past two decades (Andrews et al., 2016). This paper uses a novel data set of digital technology usage covering 25 industries in 25 European countries over the 2010-16 period to explore the drivers of digital adoption across two broad sets of digital technologies by firms, cloud computing and back or front office integration. The focus is on structural and policy factors affecting firms’ capabilities and incentives to adopt -- including the availability of enabling infrastructures (such as high-speed broadband internet), managerial quality and workers skills, and product, labour and financial market settings. We identify the effects of structural and policy factors based on the difference-in-difference approach pioneered by Rajan and Zingales (1998) and show that a number of these factors are statistically and economically significant for technology adoption. Specifically, we find strong support for the hypothesis that low managerial quality, lack of ICT skills and poor matching of workers to jobs curb digital technology adoption and hence the rate of diffusion. Similarly our evidence suggests that policies affecting market incentives are important for adoption, especially those relevant for market access, competition and efficient reallocation of labour and capital. Finally, we show that there are important complementarities between the two sets of factors, with market incentives reinforcing the positive effects of enhancements in firm capabilities on adoption of digital technologies
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/7c542c16-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Design of insolvency regimes across countries (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1504
    Schlagwort(e): 2010 - 2016 ; Insolvenz ; Private Verschuldung ; Marktaustritt ; Allokationseffizienz ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper explores cross-country differences in the design of insolvency regimes, based on quantitative indicators constructed from countries’ responses to a recent OECD policy questionnaire. The indicators – which are available for 36 countries for 2010 and 2016 – aim to better capture the key design features of insolvency which impact the timely initiation and resolution of personal and corporate insolvency proceedings. According to these metrics, the design of insolvency regimes varies significantly across countries, with important differences emerging with respect to the treatment of failed entrepreneurs, the availability of preventative and streamlining tools and ease of corporate restructuring. While a comparison of indicator values for 2010 and 2016 imply that recent reform efforts have improved policy design, there remains much scope to reform insolvency regimes in many OECD countries. This is particularly significant in light of complementary analysis which shows that the design of insolvency regimes is relevant for understanding three inter-related sources of contemporary labour productivity weakness: the survival of “zombie” firms, capital misallocation and stalling technological diffusion.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/d44dc56f-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Will the inflation genie stay in the bottle? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Le génie de l’inflation restera-t-il dans sa lampe ?
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/3cee311b-en
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Le génie de l’inflation restera-t-il dans sa lampe ? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Details
    Sprache: Französisch
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Will the inflation genie stay in the bottle?
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/1ba9e060-fr
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  • 10
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    Online-Ressource
    Breaking the shackles : zombie firms, weak banks and depressed restructuring in Europe (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1433
    Schlagwort(e): Kreditrationierung ; Produktivität ; Insolvenz ; Europa ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper explores the connection between “zombie” firms (firms that would typically exit in a competitive market) and bank health and the consequences for aggregate productivity in 11 European countries. Controlling for cyclical effects, the results show that zombie firms are more likely to be connected to weak banks, suggesting that the zombie firm problem in Europe may at least partly stem from bank forbearance. The increasing survival of zombie firms congests markets and constrains the growth of more productive firms, to the detriment of aggregate productivity growth. Our results suggest that around one-third of the impact of zombie congestion on capital misallocation could be directly attributed to bank health and additional analysis suggests that this may partly be due to reduced availability of credit to healthy firms. Finally, improvements in bank health are more likely to be associated with a reduction in the prevalence of zombie firms in countries where insolvency regimes do not unduly inhibit corporate restructuring. Thus, leveraging the important complementarities between bank strengthening efforts and insolvency regime reform would contribute to breaking the shackles on potential growth in Europe.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/0815ce0c-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 11
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    Online-Ressource
    Confronting the zombies : policies for productivity revival (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD economic policy paper no. 21 (December 2017)
    Serie: OECD Economic Policy Papers no.21
    Schlagwort(e): Produktivitätsentwicklung ; Insolvenz ; Unternehmenssanierung ; Bank ; Allokation ; Marktaustritt ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Policies that spur more efficient corporate restructuring can revive productivity growth by targeting three inter-related sources of labour productivity weakness: the survival of “zombie” firms (low productivity firms that would typically exit in a competitive market), capital misallocation and stalling technological diffusion. New OECD policy indicators show that there is much scope to improve the design of insolvency regimes in order to reduce the barriers to restructuring of weak firms and the personal costs associated with entrepreneurial failure. Insolvency regime reform can not only address the aforementioned sources of productivity weakness but also enhance the productivity impacts of reducing entry barriers in product markets. As the zombie firm problem may partly stem from bank forbearance, complementary reforms to insolvency regimes are essential to ensure that a more aggressive policy to resolve non-performing loans is effective. Distortions in the banking sector highlight the importance of market-based financing instruments for productivity growth with the inherent debt bias in corporate tax systems emerging as a key barrier to technological diffusion. Finally, well-designed job search and retraining policies are effective at returning workers displaced by firm exit to work, particularly in environments where barriers to firm entry are low.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/f14fd801-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Insolvency regimes, technology diffusion and productivity growth : evidence from firms in OECD countries (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1425
    Schlagwort(e): Insolvenz ; Innovationsdiffusion ; Produktivitätsentwicklung ; Wirtschaftsdaten ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper explores the link between the design of insolvency regimes across countries and laggard firms’ multi-factor productivity (MFP) growth, using new OECD indicators of the design of insolvency regimes. Firm-level analysis shows that reforms to insolvency regimes that lower barriers to corporate restructuring are associated with higher MFP growth of laggard firms. These results are consistent with the idea that insolvency regimes that do not unduly inhibit corporate restructuring can incentivise experimentation and provide scope to reconfigure production and organisational structures in order to faciliate technological adoption. The results also highlight policy complementarities, with insolvency regimes that reduce the cost of entrepreneurial failure potentially enhancing the MFP gains from lowering administrative entry barriers in product markets. Finally, we find that reducing debt bias in corporate tax systems and well-developed venture capital markets are associated higher laggard firm MFP growth, suggesting that equity financing can also be an important driver of technological diffusion. These findings carry strong policy implications, in light of the fact that there is much scope to reform insolvency regimes in many OECD countries and given evidence that stalling technological diffusion has contributed to the aggregate productivity slowdown.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/36600267-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 13
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Coping with creative destruction : reducing the costs of firm exit (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1353
    Schlagwort(e): Kündigung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Marktaustritt ; Kosten ; Schumpeterismus ; Employment ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: A policy framework that does not unduly inhibit the creative destruction process is vital to sustaining productivity growth. Yet, a key question is what happens to workers who lose their jobs due to this process and what are the policies that minimise the costs of worker displacement? Accordingly, this paper exploits a retrospective panel of workers in 13 European countries over the period 1986-2008 to explore the factors which shape the re-employment prospects of workers displaced due to firm exit. The results suggest that higher spending on active labour market policies (ALMPs), financed through an offsetting reduction in spending on passive measures, can aid the re-employment prospects of displaced workers. There may also be a case to better tailor ALMPs to workers displaced by firm exit to the extent that the re-employment probabilities of this group of workers are more sensitive to ALMPs than workers that are displaced for other involuntary reasons. The effectiveness of ALMPs is also enhanced by lower entry barriers in product markets and higher public sector efficiency, while reductions in the labour tax wedge can aid the re-employment prospects of displaced workers. Finally, regional mobility emerges as a key channel through which workers who lose their job due to plant closure become re-employed, suggesting that housing market policies may also be relevant.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/bbb44644-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 14
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    Online-Ressource
    Rebalancing Turkey's growth by improving resource allocation and productivity in manufacturing (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1367
    Schlagwort(e): Industrie ; Produktivitätsentwicklung ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Strukturwandel ; Unternehmensbesteuerung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Türkei ; Economics ; Turkey ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Turkey’s manufacturing sector has expanded considerably but not efficiently and competitively enough. This paper documents the drivers of its recent growth and diversification, and the factors that have held it back. It documents its segmentation and the outsized tail of poorly performing firms, which undermines aggregate productivity growth. Low productivity eases job creation in the short term, but undermines it in the long run and holds back improvements in living standards because of competitiveness losses. A core of well-performing firms (“frontier firms”) is not growing at full potential because of shortcomings in the policy framework. Intermediary (“follower”) firms sustain competition and deliver jobs, but tend to fall behind in productivity. Lower productivity units (“laggards”), which employ a large share of the low-skilled majority of the working age population, survive mostly thanks to the incomplete enforcement of rules and regulations. The resulting stalemate requires a coherent strategy of “systemic upgrading” of the business environment. This would enable all firms to operate in compliance with the law and on a level-playing field, under supportive regulations, taxation and innovation incentives. All firms could then achieve stronger productivity gains and the most promising firms could grow faster. At the same time, a credible flexicurity system needs to be put in place that facilitates adjustment in the labour market while protecting those affected by structural change.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/c35af920-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 15
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    Online-Ressource
    Fostering innovative business investment in Spain (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1387
    Schlagwort(e): KMU ; Wettbewerb ; Innovationsmanagement ; Spanien ; Economics ; Spain ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Spain has chronically low productivity growth, which undermines its ability to generate higher living standards. Important contributors to low productivity growth are the misallocation of capital to low productivity firms and under-investment in knowledge-based capital. To foster a better allocation of capital a first priority is to better tune bank, capital market and government financing to the needs of new innovative firms. This could be done through better small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) bond and loan securitisation tools, reallocating public financing to early stage finance and making it easier for firms to access public innovation funding by shifting some funding from loans to grants for research and development (R&D) projects. Attracting more foreign capital and improving the regulatory framework to increase the return on investment would also help. This could be done by reducing regulatory barriers that hold back competition, improving the neutrality of the tax system, improving pricing signals and reforming insolvency laws.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/f957c2cc-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 16
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    Online-Ressource
    Insolvency regimes, zombie firms and capital reallocation (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 55 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1399
    Schlagwort(e): Private Verschuldung ; Insolvenz ; Unternehmensfinanzierung ; Allokation ; Produktivität ; Marktaustritt ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper explores cross-country differences in the design of insolvency regimes and their potential links with two inter-related sources of labour productivity weakness: the survival of “zombie” firms (firms that would typically exit in a competitive market) and capital misallocation. New cross-country policy indicators of insolvency regimes are constructed based on countries’ responses to a recent OECD questionnaire, which aimed to better capture the key design features of insolvency which impact the timely initiation and resolution of insolvency proceedings. According to these metrics, cross-country differences in the design of insolvency regimes are significant. Firm level analysis shows that reforms to insolvency regimes which reduce barriers to corporate restructuring and the personal cost associated with entrepreneurial failure may reduce the share of capital sunk in zombie firms. These gains are partly realised via the restructuring of weak firms, which in turn spurs the reallocation of capital to more productive firms. These findings carry strong policy implications, in light of the fact that there is much scope to reform insolvency regimes in many OECD countries and given evidence that rising capital misallocation and the increasing survival of low productivity firms have contributed to the productivity slowdown.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/5a16beda-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 17
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    Online-Ressource
    Skills mismatch, productivity and policies : evidence from the second wave of PIAAC (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1403
    Schlagwort(e): Produktivität ; Allokation ; Humankapital ; Fachkräfte ; Berufsbildung ; Arbeitsmobilität ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper extends earlier OECD work exploring the link between skills mismatch, productivity and policies to include the countries in the second wave of OECD Survey of Adult Skills, with a special focus on New Zealand. We find that the percentage of workers who are mismatched in terms of skills is 28% in New Zealand, slightly over the OECD average of 25%. The share of over-skilling is at the OECD average of 18%, while the share of under-skilling - at around 10% - is also above the OECD average of 7%. The results suggest that improving the allocation of skills to OECD best practice could be associated with an increase in productivity of around 7% in New Zealand.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/65dab7c6-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 18
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    Online-Ressource
    The walking dead? : zombie firms and productivity performance in OECD countries (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1372
    Schlagwort(e): 2003 - 2013 ; Unternehmensfinanzierung ; Marktaustritt ; Investition ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Allokation ; Produktivitätsentwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper explores the extent to which “zombie” firms – defined as old firms that have persistent problems meeting their interest payments – are stifling labour productivity performance. The results show that the prevalence of and resources sunk in zombie firms have risen since the mid-2000s and that the increasing survival of these low productivity firms at the margins of exit congests markets and constrains the growth of more productive firms. Controlling for cyclical effects, cross-country analysis shows that within-industries over the period 2003-2013, a higher share of industry capital sunk in zombie firms is associated with lower investment and employment growth of the typical non-zombie firm and less productivity-enhancing capital reallocation. Besides limiting the expansion possibilities of healthy incumbent firms, market congestion generated by zombie firms can also create barriers to entry and constrain the post-entry growth of young firms. Finally, we link the rise of zombie firms to the decline in OECD potential output growth through two key channels: business investment and multi-factor productivity growth
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/180d80ad-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 19
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    Online-Ressource
    Insolvency regimes and productivity growth : a framework for analysis (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1309
    Schlagwort(e): Insolvenz ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Produktivitätsentwicklung ; Vergleich ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper develops an analytical framework to identify the policies relevant for firm exit and the channels through which they shape aggregate productivity growth. A range of potentially relevant policies are identified, spanning insolvency regimes, regulations affecting product, labour and financial markets, macroeconomic policies, subsidies, taxation and environment regulations. These policies can directly shape aggregate productivity along the exit margin through a variety of channels, including the strength of market selection and the scope and speed at which scarce resources consumed by failing firms can be reallocated to more productive uses. However, since market imperfections often generate obstacles to the orderly exit of failing firms, the efficiency of insolvency regimes emerges as particularly crucial. Thus, the paper analyses corporate and personal insolvency regimes in terms of their goals, optimal design (including trade-offs) and key features relevant for explaining cross-country differences in productivity. Finally, the paper proposes a strategy to obtain policy indicators that better capture cross-country differences in the key design features of corporate and personal insolvency regimes, with a view to facilitate further research on exit policies and productivity growth.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/5jlv2jqhxgq6-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 20
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    Online-Ressource
    The best versus the rest : the global productivity slowdown, divergence across firms and the role of public policy (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 77 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD productivity working papers no. 05 (November 2016)
    Serie: OECD productivity working papers
    Schlagwort(e): firm dynamics ; regulation ; knowledge diffusion ; technological change ; productivity ; Economics ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: In this paper, we aim to bring the debate on the global productivity slowdown – which has largely been conducted from a macroeconomic perspective – to a more micro-level. We show that a particularly striking feature of the productivity slowdown is not so much a lower productivity growth at the global frontier, but rather rising labour productivity at the global frontier coupled with an increasing labour productivity divergence between the global frontier and laggard (non-frontier) firms. This productivity divergence remains after controlling for differences in capital deepening and mark-up behaviour, suggesting that divergence in measured multi-factor productivity (MFP) may in fact reflect technological divergence in a broad sense. This divergence could plausibly reflect the potential for structural changes in the global economy – namely digitalisation, globalisation and the rising importance of tacit knowledge – to fuel rapid productivity gains at the global frontier. Yet, aggregate MFP performance was significantly weaker in industries where MFP divergence was more pronounced, suggesting that the divergence observed is not solely driven by frontier firms pushing the boundary outward. We contend that increasing MFP divergence – and the global productivity slowdown more generally – could reflect a slowdown in the diffusion process. This could be a reflection of increasing costs for laggard firms of moving from an economy based on production to one based on ideas. But it could also be symptomatic of rising entry barriers and a decline in the contestability of markets. We find the rise in MFP divergence to be much more extreme in sectors where pro-competitive product market reforms were least extensive, suggesting that policy weaknesses may be stifling diffusion in OECD economies.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/63629cc9-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 21
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Labour market mismatch and labour productivity : evidence from PIAAC data (2015)
    Paris : OECD, Economics Dep.
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (50 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers 1209
    Schlagwort(e): Fachkräfte ; Hochqualifizierte Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsproduktivität ; Führungskräfte ; Humankapital ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper explores the link between skill and qualification mismatch and labour productivity using cross-country industry data for 19 OECD countries. Utilising mismatch indicators aggregated from micro-data sourced from the recent OECD Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC), the main results suggest that higher skill and qualification mismatch is associated with lower labour productivity, with over-skilling and under-qualification accounting for most of these impacts. A novel result is that higher skill mismatch is associated with lower labour productivity through a less efficient allocation of resources, presumably because when the share of over-skilled workers is higher, more productive firms find it more difficult to attract skilled labour and gain market shares at the expense of less productive firms. At the same time, a higher share of under-qualified workers is associated with both lower allocative efficiency and within-firm productivity – i.e. a lower ratio of high productivity to low productivity firms. While differences in managerial quality can potentially account for the relationship between mismatch and within-firm productivity, the paper offers some preliminary insights into the policy factors that might explain the link between skill mismatch and resource allocation.
    Anmerkung: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: PDF Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5js1pzx1r2kb-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 22
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    Online-Ressource
    Skill mismatch and public policy in OECD countries (2015)
    Paris : OECD, Economics Dep.
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (51 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers 1210
    Schlagwort(e): framework policies ; Fachkräfte ; Arbeitsmobilität ; Hochqualifizierte Arbeitskräfte ; Humankapital ; Bildungspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper explores the relationship between skill mismatch and public policies using micro data for 22 OECD countries from the recent OECD Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC). Results suggest that differences in skill mismatch across countries are related to differences in public policies. After controlling for individual and job characteristics, well-designed product and labour markets and bankruptcy laws that do not overly penalise business failure are associated with lower skill mismatch. Given the negative relationship between skill mismatch and labour productivity, reducing skill mismatch emerges as a new channel through which well-designed framework policies can boost labour productivity. Skill mismatch is also lower in countries with housing policies that do not impede residential mobility (e.g. transaction costs on buying property and stringent planning regulations). Greater flexibility in wage negotiations and higher participation in lifelong learning as well higher managerial quality are also associated with a better matching of skills to jobs.
    Anmerkung: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: PDF Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5js1pzw9lnwk-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 23
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    Online-Ressource
    Productivity spillovers from the global frontier and public policy : industry-level evidence (2015)
    Paris : OECD, Economics Dep.
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (44 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers 1238
    Schlagwort(e): 1984 - 2007 ; Produktivitätsentwicklung ; Spillover-Effekt ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Schumpeterismus ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: For much of the second half of the twentieth century, labour productivity grew rapidly in most OECD economies, fuelled by the adoption of a large stock of unexploited existing technologies. However, the slowdown in productivity growth over the past decade underscores the idea that as economies converge toward the global technological frontier, the ability to capitalise on new innovations developed at frontier becomes more important. Using industry level data for 15 countries over the period 1984-2007, this paper augments the neo-Schumpeterian framework to identify the relevant channels and policies that shape an economy’s ability to learn from the global productivity frontier. An economy’s ability to benefit from frontier innovation is a positive function of its degree of international connectedness, ability to allocate skills efficiently and investments in knowledge based capital, including managerial capital and R&D. Productivity growth, via more effective learning from the global frontier, is supported by a policy framework that promotes efficient resource allocation – including lower barriers to entrepreneurship, efficient judicial systems and bankruptcy laws that do not overly penalise failure – and fosters the creation of markets for seed and early stage finance. Innovation policies that support basic research and facilitate the absorption of external knowledge for firms – including via university-industry R&D collaboration – also enhance spillovers from the global productivity frontier, and consequently, productivity growth.
    Anmerkung: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: PDF Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5js03hkvxhmr-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 24
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    Online-Ressource
    Frontier firms, technology diffusion and public policy : micro evidence from OECD countries (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD productivity working papers no. 02
    Serie: OECD productivity working papers
    Schlagwort(e): Produktivitätsentwicklung ; Technische Effizienz ; Allokation ; Innovationsdiffusion ; Institutionelle Infrastruktur ; Mikrodaten ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper analyses the characteristics of firms that operate at the global productivity frontier and their relationship with other firms in the economy, focusing on the diffusion of global productivity gains and the policies that faciliate it. Firms at the global productivity frontier – defined as the most productive firms in each two-digit industry across 23 countries – are typically larger, more profitable, younger and more likely to patent and be part of a multinational group than other firms. Despite the slowdown in aggregate productivity, productivity growth at the global frontier remained robust over the 2000s. At the same time, the rising productivity gap between the global frontier and other firms raises key questions about why seemingly non-rival technologies do not diffuse to all firms. The analysis reveals a highly uneven process of technological diffusion, which is consistent with a model whereby global frontier technologies only diffuse to laggards once they are adapted to country-specific circumstances by the most productive firms within each country (i.e. national frontier firms). This motivates an analysis of the sources of differences in the productivity and size of national frontier firms vis-à-vis the global frontier and the catch-up of laggard firms to the national productivity frontier. Econometric analysis suggests that well-designed framework policies can aid productivity diffusion by sharpening firms’ incentives for technological adoption and by promoting a market environment that reallocates resources to the most productive firms. There is also a role for R&D tax incentives, business-university R&D collaboration and patent protection but trade-offs emerge which can inform the design of innovation-specific policies.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/5jrql2q2jj7b-en
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  • 25
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    Online-Ressource
    Do resources flow to patenting firms? : cross-country evidence from firm level data (2014)
    Paris : OECD, Economics Dep.
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (58 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers 1127
    Schlagwort(e): 2003 - 2010 ; Innovation ; Patent ; Unternehmenswachstum ; Vergleich ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper exploits longitudinal data on firm performance and patenting activity for 23 OECD countries over the period 2003-2010 to explore the extent to which changes in the patent stock are associated with flows of capital and labour to patenting firms. While the finding that patenting is associated with real changes in economic activity at the firm level is in line with recent literature, new empirical evidence presented suggests that the impact of patenting on firm size is likely to be causal. Moreover, these data reveal important differences across OECD countries in the extent to which innovative firms can attract the complementary tangible resources that are required to implement and commercialise new ideas. In turn, the contribution of framework policies to explaining the observed cross-country differences in the magnitude of these flows is explored. While further research is required to establish causality, the results are consistent with the idea that well-functioning product, labour and capital markets; efficient judicial systems and bankruptcy laws that do not overly penalise failure can raise the returns to innovative activity. The paper also investigates the heterogeneous impacts of policies and finds that young firms – which are more likely to experiment with disruptive technologies and rely on external financing to implement and commercialise their ideas – disproportionately benefit from reforms to labour markets and more developed markets for credit and seed and early stage finance.
    Anmerkung: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz2lpmk0gs6-en
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  • 26
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    Online-Ressource
    Managerial capital and business R&D as enablers of productivity convergence (2014)
    Paris : OECD, Economics Dep.
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (30 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers 1137
    Schlagwort(e): Management ; Produktivität ; Wirtschaftliche Konvergenz ; Forschung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper explores the role of managerial capital and business research and development (R&D) in fostering multifactor productivity (MFP) convergence in a panel of 42 countries. The OECD long-term growth model is augmented to show that, in addition to trade openness, an economy’s speed of convergence to its long-run steady state level of MFP is an increasing function of the quality of its managerial capital and the size of its domestic R&D sector. The economic importance of these two enabling factors are examined in the context of a scenario, whereby MFP growth at the technological frontier is ½ percentage point higher (than in the baseline projection) per annum until 2060. This exercise shows that some countries benefit significantly more from higher frontier growth than could be expected based on their trade openness alone. In turn, evidence on the policy determinants of managerial capital and business R&D is reviewed, which highlights the importance of structural reforms and carefully-designed innovation policies.
    Anmerkung: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxx3d441knr-en
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  • 27
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    Online-Ressource
    Knowledge-based capital, innovation and resource allocation : a going for growth report (2013)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (55 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Serie: OECD economic policy papers 4
    Schlagwort(e): Immaterielle Werte ; Investitionsentscheidung ; Innovation ; Allokation ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Investment in knowledge-based capital (KBC) – assets that have no physical embodiment, such as computerised information, innovative property and economic competencies – has been rising significantly. This has implications for innovation and productivity growth and requires new thinking on policy. The returns to investing in KBC differ significantly across countries and are partly shaped by structural policies, which influence the ability of national economies to reallocate scarce resources to firms that invest in KBC. In this regard, well-functioning product, labour and venture capital markets and bankruptcy laws that do not overly penalise failure can raise the expected returns to investing in KBC by improving the efficiency of resource allocation. While structural reforms offer the most cost-effective approach to raising investment in KBC, there is a role for innovation policies to raise private investment in KBC towards socially optimal levels. Indeed, R&D tax incentives and, as a finding that contrasts with previous research, direct support measures can be effective, but design features are crucial in order to minimise the fiscal cost and unintended consequences of such policies. Well-defined intellectual property rights (IPR) are also important to provide firms with the incentive to innovate and to promote knowledge diffusion via the public disclosure of ideas. However, such IPR regimes need to be coupled with pro-competition policies to ensure maximum effect while the rising costs of the patent system in emerging KBC sectors may have altered the trade-off inherent to IPR between the incentives to innovate and the broad diffusion of knowledge.
    Anmerkung: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k46bh92lr35-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 28
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Knowledge-based capital, innovation and resource allocation (2013)
    Paris : OECD, Economics Dep.
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (80 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers 1046
    Schlagwort(e): Immaterielle Werte ; Innovation ; Allokation ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Investment in knowledge-based capital (KBC) – assets that lack physical embodiment, such as computerised information, innovative property and economic competencies – has been rising significantly. This has implications for innovation and productivity growth and requires new thinking on policy. The returns to investing in KBC differ significantly across countries and are partly shaped by structural policies, which influence the ability of economies to reallocate scarce resources to firms that invest in KBC. Well-functioning product, labour and venture capital markets and bankruptcy laws that do not overly penalise failure can raise the expected returns to investing in KBC by improving the efficiency of resource allocation. While structural reforms offer the most cost-effective approach to raising investment in KBC, there is a role for innovation policies to raise private investment in KBC towards the socially optimal level(s). Indeed, R&D tax incentives and, as a finding that contrasts with previous research, direct support measures can be effective, but design features are crucial in order to minimise the fiscal cost and unintended consequences of such policies. Welldefined intellectual property rights (IPR) are also important to provide firms with the incentive to innovate and to promote knowledge diffusion via the public disclosure of ideas. However, such IPR regimes need to be coupled with pro-competition policies to ensure maximum effect while the rising costs of the patent system in emerging KBC sectors may have altered the trade-off inherent to IPR between the incentives to innovate and the broad diffusion of knowledge.
    Anmerkung: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k46bj546kzs-en
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  • 29
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    Online-Ressource
    Measuring the real size of the world's economy : the framework, methodology, and results of the International Comparison Program--ICP (2013)
    Washington, DC : World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821397281 , 9780821397282
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xxxiv, 659 p) , ill , cm
    Ausgabe: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    Schlagwort(e): International Comparison Programme ; International Comparison Programme ; Economics Statistical methods ; Gross domestic product Statistical methods ; National income Statistical methods ; Purchasing power parity ; Economics Statistical methods ; Gross domestic product Statistical methods ; National income Statistical methods ; Purchasing power parity ; International Comparison Programme ; Economics ; Gross domestic product ; National income ; Purchasing power parity ; Statistical methods ; Statistical methods ; Statistical methods
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Executive summary / Frederic A. VogelIntroduction : reshaping the world / Angus S. Deaton -- The framework of the International Comparision Program / D.S. Prasada Rao -- Governance structure of ICP 2005 / Paul McCarthy -- National accounts framework for international comparisons : GDP compilation and breakdown process / Paul McCarthy -- Computation of basic heading PPPs for comparisons within and between regions / D.S. Prasada Rao -- Methods of aggregation above the basic heading level within regions / W. Erwin Diewert -- Methods of aggregation above the basic heading level : linking the regions / W. Erwin Diewert -- The ICP survey framework / Frederic A. Vogel -- The ring comparison : linking the regions / Frederic A. Vogel -- Validation of ICP regional prices and basic heading PPPs / David Roberts -- Validation of basic heading and aggregated PPPs : when does validation end and estimation begin? / Frederic A. Vogel -- Health and education / Derek Blades -- Dwelling services / Alan Heston -- Construction / Paul McCarthy -- Machinery and equipment / Derek Blades -- Government services / Derek Blades -- Government services : productivity adjustments / Alan Heston -- Reference PPPs / Derek Blades and Yuri Dikhanov -- Extrapolating PPPs and compariing ICP benchmark results / Paul McCarthy -- Results and empirical analysis, ICP 2005 / Yuri Dikhanov and Frederic A. Vogel -- Absolute poverty measures for the developing world, 1981-2008 / Shaohua Chen and Martin Ravallion -- PPP exchange rates for the global poor / Angus S. Deaton and Olivier Dupriez -- International relative price levels : an empirical analysis / Charles Thomas ... [et al.] -- PPP estimates : applications by the International Monetary Fund / Mick Silver -- Using expenditure PPPs for sectoral output and productivity comparisons / Robert Inklaar and Marcel P. Timmer.
    Anmerkung: "This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions"--T.p. verso , Includes bibliographical references
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9728-2
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 30
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    Online-Ressource
    Strategic Transport Infrastructure Needs to 2030 (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264168626
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (248 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD Strategic transport infrastructure needs to 2030
    RVK:
    RB 10762
    Schlagwort(e): -2030 ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Infrastrukturversorgung ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Transport ; Economics ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Bedarfsplanung
    Kurzfassung: Transcontinental Infrastructure Needs to 2030/50 explores the long-term opportunities and challenges facing major gateway and transport hub infrastructures -- ports, airports and major rail corridors – in the coming decades. The report uses projections and scenarios to assess the broader economic outlook and future infrastructure requirements, and examines the options for financing these, not least against the backdrop of the economic recession and financial crisis which have significantly modified the risks and potential rewards associated with major infrastructure projects. Building on numerous in-depth case studies from Europe, North America and Asia, the report offers insights into the economic prospects for these key facilities and identifies policy options for improved gateway and corridor infrastructure in the future.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264114425-en
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  • 31
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    Online-Ressource
    Intangible assets, resource allocation and growth : a framework for analysis (2012)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers 989
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This paper explores the growing importance of intangible assets as a potential source of innovation and productivity gains, and the contribution of efficient resource allocation to this process. Realising the growth opportunities implied by intangible assets depends on the ability to reallocate labour and capital to their most productive use, which is determined by the design of framework policies. The redeployment of tangible resources takes on heightened importance given the inherent difficulties in allocating intangibles efficiently. Indeed, the characteristics of intangible assets create market imperfections, which hinder the allocation of new ideas to where they can be developed most efficiently. While a number of policy instruments are typically deployed to address these market failures, the paper also explores how the growing importance of intangible assets is affecting the suitability of these policy tools. In turn, a number of policy issues are identified, spanning the financing of start-up firms, the treatment of intangibles in corporate valuation and accounting frameworks, competition policy in the digital economy and the role of intellectual property rights frameworks in rapidly growing domains such as information technology.
    Anmerkung: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k92s63w14wb-en
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  • 32
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    Online-Ressource
    Public policy and resource allocation : evidence from firms in OECD countries (2012)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , graph. Darst.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers 996
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: The correlation between a firm’s size and its productivity level varies considerably across OECD countries, suggesting that some countries are more successful at channelling resources to high productivity firms than others. Accordingly, we examine the extent to which regulations affecting product, labour and credit markets influence productivity, via their effect on the efficiency of resource allocation. Our results suggest that there is an economically and statistically robust negative relationship between policy-induced frictions and productivity, though the specific channel depends on the policy considered. In the case of employment protection legislation, product market regulations (including barriers to entry and bankruptcy legislation) and restrictions on foreign direct investment, this is largely traceable to the worsening of allocative efficiency (i.e. a lower correspondence between a firm’s size and its productivity level). By contrast, financial market under-development tends to be associated with a higher fraction of low productivity relative to high productivity firms. Furthermore, stringent regulations are more disruptive to resource allocation in more innovative sectors, though the nature of innovation turns out to be important.
    Anmerkung: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k9158wpf727-en
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    OECD Handbook on Measuring the Space Economy (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264169166
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (110 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD handbook on measuring the space economy
    Schlagwort(e): Raumfahrt ; Weltraum ; Economics ; Raumfahrt ; Wirtschaft
    Kurzfassung: This publication provides a summary of the key methodological issues surrounding indicators and statistics on the space sector and the larger space economy and it meant to be complementary to The Space Economy at a Glance 2011.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264169166-en
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    Residential Mobility and Public Policy in OECD Countries (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: economic studies Vol. 2011, no. 1, p. 1-22
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2856
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 22 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: economic studies
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2011, no. 1, p. 1-22
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: Residential mobility is closely tied to the functioning of housing markets and has important implications for labour mobility and the efficient allocation of resources across the economy. This paper analyses patterns of residential mobility across OECD countries and the role of housing policies in enhancing or hampering residential mobility. Based on cross-sectional household data for 25countries, the results suggest that differences in residential mobility across countries are partially related to differences in public policies. After controlling for household and country- specific characteristics, residential mobility is higher in countries with lower transaction costs, more responsive housing supply, lower rent controls and tenant protection. Residential mobility tends also to be higher in environments with greater access to credit, suggesting that financial deregulation – by lowering borrowing costs and facilitating access to mortgage finance – facilitates mobility. This cross- country evidence is supported by city and state-level evidence for the United States. JEL classification: R23, R31, R21, R38, H20. Keywords: Housing markets, residential mobility, transaction costs, rental market regulations
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-2011-5kg0vswqt240
    URL: Volltext
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    Economic Diversification in Africa : A Review of Selected Countries (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264096233
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (84 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Economic diversification in Africa
    Schlagwort(e): Wirtschaftspolitik ; Entwicklungspolitik ; Afrika ; Angola ; Benin ; Kenia ; Südafrika ; Tunesien ; Finance and Investment ; Development ; Economics ; Afrika ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Entwicklungspolitik ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Kurzfassung: This study provides an empirical review of the role of governments, the private sector, regional economic institutions and the broader international community in driving economic diversification. Individual case studies of five African economies describe both the catalysts of and barriers to diversification. The study is published jointly by the United Nations Office of the Special Adviser on Africa (UN-OSAA) and the NEPAD-OECD Africa Investment Initiative.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264096233-en
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    OECD Economic Surveys: Israel 2011 : (Hebrew version) (2011)
    Jerusalem : Ministry of Finance, Israel
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264128910
    Sprache: Hebräisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (126 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys; Israel 2011
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE; Israe͏̈l 2011
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys: Israel 2011
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE: Israe͏̈l 2011
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Israel
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264128910-he
    URL: Volltext
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    OCDE Definición Marco de Inversión Extranjera Directa : Cuarta edición (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264094475
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (292 p.)
    Ausgabe: Cuarta edición
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment 2008; Fourth Edition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Définition de référence de l'OCDE des investissements directs internationaux 2008 ; Quatrième édition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment 2008: Fourth Edition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Définition de référence de l'OCDE des investissements directs internationaux 2008 : Quatrième édition
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: La inversión extranjera directa (IED) es uno de los principales motores de la globalización. A medida que los patrones de inversión de las empresas multinacionales se vuelven más complejos, es necesario contar con estadísticas de IED fiables y comparables a nivel internacional para una toma de decisiones sensata y sólida. La Definición Marco de Inversión Extranjera Directa de la OCDE, establece la norma general para las estadísticas de IED, pues ofrece un punto de referencia único para los productores de estadísticas y para los usuarios en todos los aspectos de la información relacionada con la IED, sin dejar de ser consistente con otras normas estadísticas aceptadas a nivel internacional. Esta edición presenta nuevos desgloses analíticos y tratamientos estadísticos que reflejan de una forma más adecuada la realidad de la economía mundial. La edición revisada de la Definición Marco de Inversión Extranjera Directa ofrece métodos para clasificar distintos tipos de IED (como fusiones y adquisiciones, inversiones nuevas) y para identificar al inversor final. Esta nueva edición también contempla aspectos relacionados con el uso de las estadísticas de IED, incluyendo indicadores de globalización, con un capítulo sobre las estadísticas relacionadas con las actividades de las empresas multinacionales.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264094475-es
    URL: Volltext
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    Handbook on Deriving Capital Measures of Intellectual Property Products : (Korean version) (2011)
    Daejeon : Statistics Korea
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264124196
    Sprache: Koreanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Handbook on Deriving Capital Measures of Intellectual Property Products
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264124196-ko
    URL: Volltext
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  • 39
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    OECD Guide to Measuring the Information Society 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264113541
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (206 p.) , ill.
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: This OECD Guide to Measuring the Information Society is a compilation of concepts, definitions, classifications and methods for information society measurement and analysis.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264113541-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 40
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    The Evolution of Homeownership Rates in Selected OECD Countries: Demographic and Public Policy Influences (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: economic studies Vol. 2011, no. 1, p. 1-37
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2856
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 37 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: economic studies
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2011, no. 1, p. 1-37
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: Homeownership rates have increased significantly in many OECD countries over recent decades. Using micro-econometric decomposition techniques, this paper shows that part of this increase can be explained by changes in the characteristics of households, including age, household structure, income and education. Nevertheless, a significant portion of the change in homeownership rates remains unexplained by shifts in household characteristics, leaving a potential role for public policy in explaining developments in homeownership rates. Panel estimates suggest that the relaxation of down-payment constraints on mortgage loans has increased homeownership rates among credit-constrained households over recent decades, resulting in a rise in the aggregate homeownership rate that is comparable with the impact of population ageing. In countries where tax relief on mortgage debt financing is generous, however, the expansionary impact of mortgage market innovations on homeownership is smaller. This is consistent with the tendency for such housing tax relief to be capitalised into real house prices, which may crowd-out some financially constrained households from homeownership at the margin. The impact of housing policies regulating the functioning of the rental market, such as rent regulation and provisions for tenure security, on tenure choice is also explored. JEL classification: R21, R31, G21, H24. Keywords: Housing markets, homeownership, mortgage markets, financial regulation, taxation.
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-2011-5kg0vswqpmg2
    URL: Volltext
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    Estudios económicos de la OCDE : México 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264115934
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys; Mexico 2011
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE ; Mexique 2011
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys: Mexico 2011
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE : Mexique 2011
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Mexico
    Kurzfassung: Tema destacado: La reforma fiscal para una economía mexicana más fuerte, más justa y más limpia.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264115934-es
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    OECD Banking Statistics: Methodological Country Notes 2010 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264089907
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (198 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Statistiques bancaires de l'OCDE ; Notes méthodologiques par pays 2010
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Statistiques bancaires de l'OCDE : Notes méthodologiques par pays 2010
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Austria ; Belgium ; Canada ; Chile ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hungary ; Ireland ; Italy ; Japan ; Korea, Republic of ; Luxembourg ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Poland ; Portugal ; Slovak Republic ; Spain ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Turkey ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Trends in bank profitability and factors affecting it are major indicators of changes in the state of health of national banking systems. This publication complements Banking Statistics: Financial Statements of Banks 2010 which provides a unique tool for analysing developments in bank profitability in OECD countries. In addition to information on financial statements of banks in OECD countries, it includes data on the number of reporting banks, their branches and staff, structural information on the whole financial sector and ratios aiming at facilitating the analysis of bank profitability of OECD countries. The methodological country notes included in this volume were prepared to facilitate the comprehension and the interpretation of the statistics and to provide a brief description of the activities of banks in each country.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264089907-en
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    The Space Economy at a Glance 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264113565
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , ill.
    Schlagwort(e): Development ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: Space applications have become an important part of everyday life. Weather forecasting, air traffic control, global communications and broadcasting, disaster management -- these and many other key activities would be almost unthinkable today without satellite technology. The space industry itself is relatively small compared to other manufacturing sectors, but its technological dynamism and strategic significance mean that it plays an ever more critical role in modern society. This book assembles information on the space economy from a wide range of official and non-official sources. Together these paint a richly detailed picture of the space industry, its downstream services activities, and its wider economic and social impacts. Who are the main space-faring nations? How large are revenues and how much employment is there in the sector? How much R&D goes on, and where? What is the value of spin-offs from space spending? Answers to these and other questions are provided in this second OECD statistical overview of the emerging space economy. A dynamic link (StatLink) is provided for graphs, which directs the user to a web page where the corresponding data are available in Excel® format.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264111790-en
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  • 44
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    Maintaining Momentum : OECD Perspectives on Policy Challenges in Chile (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264095199
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (256 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Mejores políticas para el desarrollo ; Perspectivas OCDE sobre Chile
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Mejores políticas para el desarrollo : Perspectivas OCDE sobre Chile
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Maintaining momentum
    Schlagwort(e): Wirtschaftspolitik ; Wirtschaftliche Anpassung ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Chile ; Economics ; Chile ; Chile ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; OECD
    Kurzfassung: To inform the current policy debate in Chile and present an economic assessment with concrete recommendations and policy options, this report provides a detailed analysis of the overall Chilean economic situation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264095199-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 45
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    Real House Prices in OECD Countries : The Role of Demand Shocks and Structural and Policy Factors (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 35 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.831
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This paper analyses the factors influencing the level and volatility of real house prices in a panel of OECD countries over the period 1980-2005. Results suggest that real house prices tend to rise proportionally with real household incomes, while declines in structural unemployment and real interest rates are associated with higher real house prices. The process of mortgage market deregulation has coincided with a noticeable increase in real house prices in OECD countries, while high rates of leverage are found to amplify house price volatility. Estimates suggest that tax reliefs on mortgage debt financing costs tend to be capitalised into real house prices and may also amplify price volatility, reflecting the tendency for such policies to encourage leverage. While higher transaction costs are associated with lower house price volatility, this effect is modest compared to the impact of banking supervision. Indeed, prudential banking supervision and policies designed to contain the excessive build-up of leverage are shown to significantly reduce the extent of house price volatility, underscoring the importance of ongoing efforts to reform prudential frameworks in OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/5km33bqzhbzr-en
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  • 46
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    Frascati Manual 2002 : Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development (Chinese version) (2010)
    Beijing : Ministry of Science and Technology, China
    Details
    ISBN: 9787502365684
    Sprache: Chinesisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (251 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002; Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Manuel de Frascati 2002 ; Méthode type proposée pour les enquêtes sur la recherche et le développement expérimental
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002; Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development (Lithuanian version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Manual de Frascati 2002; Proposta de Práticas Exemplares para Inquéritos sobre Investigação e Desenvolvimento Experimental
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002: Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Manuel de Frascati 2002 : Méthode type proposée pour les enquêtes sur la recherche et le développement expérimental
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002: Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development (Lithuanian version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Manual de Frascati 2002: Proposta de Práticas Exemplares para Inquéritos sobre Investigação e Desenvolvimento Experimental
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: The internationally recognized methodology for collecting and using R&D statistics, the Frascati Manual is an essential tool for statisticians worldwide. It includes definitions of basic concepts, data collection guidelines, and classifications for compiling statistics. This updated edition contains improved guidelines adjusted for chnges in OECD economies, including measurement of service-sector R&D, R&D globalisation, and R&D human resources.
    DOI: 10.1787/9787502365684-zh
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  • 47
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    Understanding Economic Statistics: An OECD Perspective : (Czech version) (2010)
    Praha 3 : Wolters Kluwer, Czech Republic
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264094413
    Sprache: Tschechisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Understanding Economic Statistics; An OECD Perspective
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Understanding Economic Statistics: An OECD Perspective
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264094413-cs
    URL: Volltext
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  • 48
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    Export and Import Price Index Manual: Theory and Practice (2010)
    Washington DC. : International Monetary Fund
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264085411
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (675 p)
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: A joint production by six international organizations, this manual explores the conceptual and theoretical issues that national statistical offices should consider in the daily compilation of export and import price indices. Intended for use by both developed and developing countries, it replaces guidance from the United Nations that is now more than a quarter-century old and thus badly outdated. The chapters cover many topics; they elaborate on the different practices currently in use, propose alternatives whenever possible, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each alternative. Given its comprehensive nature, the manual is expected to satisfy the needs of many users in addition to national statistical offices and international organizations, particularly businesses, policymakers, and researchers.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264085411-en
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  • 49
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    Manual de estadísticas de patentes de la OCDE (2010)
    Madrid : Oficina Española de Patentes y Marcas, Ministry of Industry, Tourism and Trade, Spain
    Details
    ISBN: 9788496113176
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (179 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Patent Statistics Manual
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Manuel de l'OCDE sur les statistiques des brevets
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: La edición del Manual de estadísticas de patentes de la OCDE recoge los avances más recientes en este campo. Proporciona directrices para la utilización de los datos de patentes como indicadores de la ciencia y la tecnología, así como recomendaciones para la recopilación e interpretación de los indicadores de patente. Su objetivo es mostrar para qué pueden y para qué no pueden ser utilizadas las estadísticas de patentes, y cómo deben contabilizarse para obtener la mayor información acerca de las actividades de ciencia y tecnología (CyT) al tiempo que se reduzca el ruido estadístico y el sesgo. Finalmente, describe cómo los datos de patentes pueden emplearse en el análisis de una amplia colección de temas relacionados con el cambio técnico y la actividad de patentes, incluidos los vínculos entre industria-ciencia, estrategias de las empresas a la hora de patentar, internacionalización de la investigación e indicadores del valor de las patentes.
    DOI: 10.1787/9788496113176-es
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  • 50
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    Guidance on Sustainability Impact Assessment (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264086913
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (32 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Document d'orientation pour les études d'impact sur la durabilité
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: This publication offers a general introduction to sustainability impact assessment, which is an approach for exploring the combined economic, environmental and social impacts of a range of proposed policies, programmes, strategies and action plans. Such assessments can also assist decision-making and strategic planning throughout the entire policy cycles. It is not an in-depth or detailed user manual, but rather outlines basic principles and process steps of sustainability impact assessments, drawing on examples from Switzerland, Belgium and the European Commission, among others. This publication is a valuable source of information for policy makers on sustainability impact assessments.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264086913-en
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    Measuring Productivity - OECD Manual : Measurement of Aggregate and Industry-level Productivity Growth (Chinese version) (2009)
    Beijing : Ministry of Science and Technology, China
    Details
    ISBN: 9787502362225
    Sprache: Chinesisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (127 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Measuring Productivity - OECD Manual; Measurement of Aggregate and Industry-level Productivity Growth
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Mesurer la productivité - Manuel de l'OCDE ; Mesurer la croissance de la productivité par secteur et pour l'ensemble de l'économie
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Measuring Productivity - OECD Manual: Measurement of Aggregate and Industry-level Productivity Growth
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Mesurer la productivité - Manuel de l'OCDE : Mesurer la croissance de la productivité par secteur et pour l'ensemble de l'économie
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Industry and Services
    DOI: 10.1787/9787502362225-zh
    URL: Volltext
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  • 52
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    Measuring Capital - OECD Manual 2009 : Second edition (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264068476
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (233 p.) , ill.
    Ausgabe: Second edition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. La mesure du capital - Manuel de l'OCDE 2009 ; Deuxième édition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Medición del capital - Manual OCDE 2009 ; Segunda edición
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. La mesure du capital - Manuel de l'OCDE 2009 : Deuxième édition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Medición del capital - Manual OCDE 2009 : Segunda edición
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Measuring capital
    RVK:
    QI 200
    Schlagwort(e): Kapitalstock ; Messung ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Kapitalbildung ; Kapitalvermögen ; Kapitalertrag ; Messung
    Kurzfassung: Capital - in particular of the physical sort - plays several roles in economic life: it constitutes wealth and it it provides services in production processes. Capital is invested, disinvested and it depreciates and becomes obsolescent and there is a question how to measure all these dimensions of capital in industry and national accounts. This revised Capital Manual is a comprehensive guide to the approaches toward capital measurement. It gives statisticians, researchers and analysts practical advice while providing theoretical background and an overview of the relevant literature. The manual comes in three parts - a first part with a non-technical description with the main concepts and steps involved in measuring capital; a second part directed at implementation and a third part outlining theory and a more complete mathematical formulation of the measurement process.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264068476-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 53
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    PISA Data Analysis Manual: SPSS, Second Edition (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056275
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (475 p.)
    Ausgabe: Second Edition
    Serie: PISA
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: The OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) surveys collected data on students’ performances in reading, mathematics and science, as well as contextual information on students’ background, home characteristics and school factors which could influence performance. This publication includes detailed information on how to analyse the PISA data, enabling researchers to both reproduce the initial results and to undertake further analyses. In addition to the inclusion of the necessary techniques, the manual also includes a detailed account of the PISA 2006 database and worked examples providing full syntax in SPSS®.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056275-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 54
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    OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment 2008 : Fourth Edition (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264048751 , 9789264045743
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (241 p.) , ill.
    Ausgabe: Fourth Edition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Définition de référence de l'OCDE des investissements directs internationaux 2008 ; Quatrième édition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OCDE Definición Marco de Inversión Extranjera Directa ; Cuarta edición
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Définition de référence de l'OCDE des investissements directs internationaux 2008 : Quatrième édition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OCDE Definición Marco de Inversión Extranjera Directa : Cuarta edición
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD benchmark definition of foreign direct investment
    RVK:
    QM 355
    Schlagwort(e): Auslandsinvestition ; Statistische Methode ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Direktinvestition ; Auslandsinvestition ; Statistik ; Datenerhebung ; Richtlinie
    Kurzfassung: Foreign direct investment (FDI) is a major driver of globalisation. The OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment sets the world standard for FDI statistics. It provides a single point of reference for statisticians and users on all aspect of FDI statistics, while remaining compatible with other internationally accepted statistical standards. This edition introduces new analytical data breakdowns and statistical treatments that better reflect the realities of today’s world economy. The revised Benchmark Definition provides methods for classifying different types of FDI (e.g., mergers and acquisitions, greenfield investments) and for identifying the ultimate investor. The new edition now addresses the uses of FDI statistics, including globalisation indicators, and provides a chapter relating to the statistics on the activities of multinational enterprises.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264045743-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 55
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    OECD Economic Surveys: Italy 2009 : (Italian version) (2009)
    Paris : Permanent Delegation of Italy to the OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264077355
    Sprache: Italienisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (158 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys; Italy 2009
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE ; Italie 2009
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys: Italy 2009
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE : Italie 2009
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Italy
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264077355-it
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 56
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    Climate Change and Africa (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: general papers Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 5-35
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-283X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 32 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: general papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 5-35
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: Climate change is a major threat to sustainable growth and development in Africa, and the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. Africa is particularly vulnerable to climate change because of its overdependence on rain-fed agriculture, compounded by factors such as widespread poverty and weak capacity. The main longer-term impacts include: changing rainfall patterns affecting agriculture and reducing food security; worsening water security; decreasing fish resources in large lakes due to rising temperature; shifting vectorborne diseases; rising sea level affecting low-lying coastal areas with large populations; and rising water stress.
    DOI: 10.1787/gen_papers-v2009-art2-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 57
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    OECD Factbook 2008 : Estadísticas económicas, ambientales y sociales (2009)
    Oleiros (La Coruña) : Netbiblo, S.L. Grupo Biblo, Spain
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264079809
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (298 p)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Factbook 2008; Economic, Environmental and Social Statistics
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Panorama des statistiques de l'OCDE 2008 ; Économie, environnement et société
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Factbook 2008: Economic, Environmental and Social Statistics
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Panorama des statistiques de l'OCDE 2008 : Économie, environnement et société
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: Factbook 2008 (Libro de datos de la OCDE 2008) es la cuarta edición de una amplia y dinámica selección de estadísticas anuales de la OCDE: Con más de 100 indicadores que cubren un amplio rango de áreas: economía, agricultura, educación, energía, medio ambiente, ayuda extranjera, salud y calidad de vida, industria, información y comunicaciones, población/trabajadores, comercio e inversiones, impuestos, gasto público e investigación y desarrollo. Este año, el libro de datos de la OCDE contiene un capítulo dedicado a la productividad. Los datos son proporcionados por todos los países miembros de la OCDE con totales por regiones, y en algunos casos, de economías de países no miembros. Para cada indicador, hay una explicación de 2 páginas. La primera página de texto incluye una breve introducción seguida de una definición pormenorizada del indicador, comentarios sobre la comparación, una evaluación de tendencias a largo plazo relacionadas con el indicador, y una lista de fuentes para mayor información de los datos. La siguiente página contiene un cuadro estadístico y una gráfica que proporcionan, a simple vista, el mensaje clave que se deriva de los datos. Un enlace interactivo (StatLink) se adjunta a cada estadística remitiendo al lector a una página web en la que encontrará los datos correspondientes en formato Excel. El OCDE Factbook 2008 es una referencia clave para todo el que trabaja en temas de economía y políticas.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264079809-es
    URL: Volltext
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  • 58
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    Mehr Ungleichheit trotz Wachstum? : Einkommensverteilung und Armut in OECD-Ländern (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264049147
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (318 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Growing Unequal?; Income Distribution and Poverty in OECD Countries
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Croissance et inégalités ; Distribution des revenus et pauvreté dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Growing Unequal?: Income Distribution and Poverty in OECD Countries
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Croissance et inégalités : Distribution des revenus et pauvreté dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: Hat die Einkommensungleichheit im Zeitverlauf zugenommen? Wer sind die Gewinner und wer die Verlierer in diesem Prozess? Sind alle OECD-Länder gleichermaßen von dieser Entwicklung betroffen? Inwieweit sind stärkere Einkommensungleichheiten die Folge größerer Disparitäten bei den persönlichen Erwerbseinkommen der Arbeitnehmer, und welche Rolle spielen dabei andere Faktoren? Wie wirkt sich schließlich die staatliche Umverteilung durch Steuer- und Transfersysteme auf diese Trends aus?Dieser Bericht liefert Befunde dafür, dass die Einkommensungleichheit während der letzten 20 Jahre in den OECD-Ländern fast überall zugenommen hat. Die Publikation enthält eine Reihe von Analysen über die Verteilung der wirtschaftlichen Ressourcen in den OECD-Ländern. Die Daten über Einkommensverteilung und Armut erstrecken sich zum ersten Mal auf alle 30 OECD-Länder zum Stand von Mitte der 2000er Jahre, während bis Mitte der 1980er Jahre zurückreichende Informationen über Trendentwicklungen für rund zwei Drittel der Länder vorliegen. Der Bericht beschreibt zudem Ungleichheiten in einer Reihe von Bereichen (wie Vermögen der privaten Haushalte, Konsumgewohnheiten, öffentliche Sachleistungen), die bei den herkömmlichen Diskussionen über die Verteilung der wirtschaftlichen Ressourcen unter Einzelpersonen und Haushalten in der Regel außer Acht gelassen werden.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264049147-de
    URL: Volltext
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  • 59
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    PISA Data Analysis Manual: SAS, Second Edition (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056251
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (467 p.)
    Ausgabe: Second Edition
    Serie: PISA
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: The OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) surveys collected data on students’ performance in reading, mathematics and science, as well as contextual information on students’ background, home characteristics and school factors which could influence performance. This publication includes detailed information on how to analyse the PISA data, enabling researchers to both reproduce the initial results and to undertake further analyses. In addition to the inclusion of the necessary techniques, the manual also includes a detailed account of the PISA 2006 database. It also includes worked examples providing full syntax in SAS®.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056251-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 60
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    Investment: Unlocking Africa's Potential (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: general papers Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 37-62
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-283X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 27 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: general papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 37-62
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: It is now time to invest in Africa. The prospects are good. Africa is already attracting growing flows of private resources, as a result of its greater political stability and economic reforms. Significant new investors are now engaging in Africa, from within and outside the continent. Development assistance and debt relief alone will not be sufficient to achieve the Millennium Development Goals. Africa now needs more and sustainable investment, both domestic and foreign, in order to accelerate economic growth and progress in poverty reduction, and become better integrated into the global economy. We call for the fulfilment of commitments made at African and G8 Summits and other global fora, including support from development partners to help Africa mobilise more investment, and better focus on mobilisible domestic revenue sources and indigenous resources. Areas such as infrastructure, extractive industry, tourism, agribusiness and ICT are particularly important drivers of development, and require support from development partners.
    DOI: 10.1787/gen_papers-v2009-art3-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 61
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    Peace and Security in Africa (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: general papers Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 63-85
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-283X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 24 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: general papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 63-85
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: More action is needed, by both Africa and the wider international community. Building peace and security is essential, both for economic development and for poverty reduction. Leadership is being taken by Africa itself. The number of conflicts has fallen. But even so, one-fifth of the population of Africa still live in conflict zones. More action is needed both to strengthen and support Africa’s own efforts to bring peace to the continent, and to tackle the wider global drivers of conflict, including the illicit trade in small arms and light weapons, and the trade in conflict resources.
    DOI: 10.1787/gen_papers-v2009-art4-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 62
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    Gender and Economic Empowerment in Africa (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: general papers Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 87-126
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-283X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 41 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: general papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 87-126
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: It is time to deliver for women and girls. Africa’s growth and development agenda can only succeed if the continent is able to draw on all its resources and talents, and if women are able to participate fully in economic, social and political life. This will require intensified efforts to eliminate discrimination and promote equal rights. The strong commitment which has been demonstrated by African governments needs to be complemented by strong support from the wider international community, within the framework of a clear allocation of responsibilities, and the clear mapping out of specific steps and measures.
    DOI: 10.1787/gen_papers-v2009-art5-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 63
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    Medición del capital - Manual OCDE 2009 : Segunda edición (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264043695
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (210 p.)
    Ausgabe: Segunda edición
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Measuring Capital - OECD Manual 2009; Second edition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. La mesure du capital - Manuel de l'OCDE 2009 ; Deuxième édition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Measuring Capital - OECD Manual 2009: Second edition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. La mesure du capital - Manuel de l'OCDE 2009 : Deuxième édition
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: El capital –en particular el de tipo físico– juega varios roles en la vida económica: este constituye riqueza y provee de servicios en el proceso de producción. El capital es invertido, desinvertido y se deprecia llegando a ser obsoleto, y existe una cuestión de cómo medir todas estas dimensiones del capital en la industria y en las cuentas nacionales. El Manual del Capital revisado es la primera guía comprehensiva para los enfoques hacia la medición del capital. Este está dirigido a estadísticos, investigadores y analistas, y trata de dar asesoría práctica, mientras que provee una estructura teórica y un resumen de la literatura relevante. El Manual se presenta en tres partes –una primera parte–, con una descripción no técnica de los principales conceptos y de los pasos necesarios para la medición del capital; una segunda parte, dirigida a la implementación y una tercera parte, describiendo la teoría con una formulación matemática más completa del proceso de medición.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264043695-es
    URL: Volltext
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    OECD Patent Statistics Manual (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264056442
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (158 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Manuel de l'OCDE sur les statistiques des brevets
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Manual de estadísticas de patentes de la OCDE
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD patent statistics manual
    RVK:
    QP 215
    RVK:
    QR 360
    Schlagwort(e): Patent ; Datenerhebung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Anleitung ; Patent ; Statistik
    Kurzfassung: This 2009 edition of the OECD Patent Statistics Manual takes stock of the recent developments in the field. It provides guiding principles for the use of patent data in the context of S&T measurement, and recommendations for the compilation and interpretation of patent indicators in this context. It aims to show what patent statistics can and cannot be used for, and how to count patents in order to maximise information on S&T activities while minimising statistical noise and biases. Finally, it describes how patent data can be used in the analysis of a wide array of topics related to technical change and patenting activity including industry-science linkages, patenting strategies by companies, internationalisation of research, and indicators on the value of patents.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264056442-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Updates and Amendments to the System of National Accounts 1993 (2009)
    New York : United Nations
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076341
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (139 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This joint publication of the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, the Statistical Office of the European Communities (Eurostat) and the World Bank complements the recommendations of the System of National Accounts, 1993 (1993 SNA), and reflects changes and improvements that have been introduced to the system of national accounts since its last revision in 1993. Along with the 1993 SNA, Updates and Amendments supports the implementation of international standards of national accounting and provides the methodological basis for improving the international comparability of national accounts data. The publication contains the text of the 1993 SNA that has been updated as a result of the adoption of new international standards for the statistical measurement of financial derivatives. It also includes four functional classifications that were fully elaborated and updated after the 1993 SNA was published. It also provides for the first time a glossary of terms and definitions. Languages: [Arabic]; [Chinese]; [English]; [Russian]; [Spanish]
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076341-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Handbook on Deriving Capital Measures of Intellectual Property Products (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264079205
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Handbook on Deriving Capital Measures of Intellectual Property Products; (Korean version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Handbook on Deriving Capital Measures of Intellectual Property Products: (Korean version)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Handbook on deriving capital measures of intellectual property products
    RVK:
    QI 200
    Schlagwort(e): Immaterialgüterrechte ; Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnung ; Economics ; Immaterialgut ; Immaterielles Wirtschaftsgut ; Messung ; System of National Accounts ; Kapitalbildung
    Kurzfassung: The latest System of National Accounts (the 2008 SNA) explicitly recognises, for the first time, that expenditures on research and experimental development (R&D) should be recorded as capital formation. This is a natural extension to the 1993 SNA, which recommends recording many acquisitions of software and databases, mineral exploration, and entertainment, artistic and literary originals as capital formation, too. These products have a common characteristic, namely that their value reflects the underlying intellectual property they embody, which is why they are referred to collectively in this publication as intellectual property products (IPPs). But they also share another important characteristic: their measurement is not straightforward, and in the absence of clear guidance it is highly likely that estimates will not be comparable between countries. This Handbook is designed to provide that guidance by considering IPPs collectively, based on their common characteristics, by type, based on any specificities, such as data availability, and by detailed transaction - for example the valuation of IPPs that have been produced for internal use by their developers, the valuation of unsuccessful IPPs, and the production of IPPs produced and made freely available by government.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264079205-en
    URL: Volltext
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    Development strategy, viability, and economic distortions in developing countries (2009)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 4906
    Paralleltitel: Lin, Justin Yifu Development strategy, viability, and economic distortions in developing countries
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Government holding companies ; Economics ; Government holding companies
    Kurzfassung: "This paper presents a three-sector static model to explore the rationale for a series of institutional distortions in developing countries. The authors argue that, after World War II, motivated by a belief in the development of state-of-the-art industries as a means for nation building, the majority of developing country governments attempted to accelerate the growth of advanced capital-intensive industries. However, since developing countries are relatively rich in labor or natural resource endowments but not in capital endowment, advanced capital-intensive industries were not adapted to the endowment structures of these developing countries at the time. Enterprises in those industries were non-viable in open, competitive markets and could not survive without government subsidization or protection. The model shows that, in order to mobilize resources into the capital-intensive, advanced sectors, it is necessary for governments to use distortionary policies such as taxes and subsidies, distortions of factor prices, directive allocation of resources, and nationalization of enterprises. Such distortions enable developing countries to set up advanced, capital-intensive industries in the early stage of their development. However, they also tend to suppress incentives, misallocate resources, and make the economy inefficient. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/7/2009 , Also available in print.
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-4906
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Convergence in institutions and market outcomes : cross-country and time-series evidence from the business environment and enterprise performance surveys in transition economies (2009)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: 2009 World Bank eLibrary Also available in print
    Serie: Policy research working paper 4819
    Paralleltitel: Mitra, Pradeep Convergence in institutions and market outcomes
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: "This paper uses firm-level data from the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Surveys to study the process of convergence of transition countries with developed market economies. The study focuses on competition and market structure, finance and the structure of lending to firms, and how firms respond to the economic environment by restructuring. The authors find substantial evidence of convergence in a number of dimensions. The pattern of growth at the country, sector, and firm levels shows rapid growth of the new private sector and of the micro and small-firm sectors, with the size distribution of firms moving toward the pattern observed in the surveys of developed market economies. In finance, increasing reliance on retained earnings in transition countries reflects a maturation of the sector as new firms come to rely less on informal and family sources of finance. The authors find evidence of an inverse-U pattern, with the peak of restructuring activity taking place in 2002, the middle of the period analyzed. Throughout, the regional patterns suggest greater convergence in the transition countries that joined the European Union in 2004 than in the other, lower-income transition economies. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/8/2009 , Also available in print.
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-4819
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Productivity Measurement and Analysis (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264044616
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (554 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Productivity measurement and analysis
    Schlagwort(e): Produktivität ; Arbeitsproduktivität ; Messung ; Economics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift ; Produktivität ; Produktivitätsmessung ; Produktivitätszuwachs
    Kurzfassung: Productivity measurement and analysis are the main topics addressed in this book, which brings together contributions presented and discussed in two international workshops organized by the Statistics Directorate and the Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry (DSTI) of the OECD. The first workshop was organised jointly by the OECD with Fundaccion BBVA and the Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas and held in Madrid in October 2005, and the second one was organized jointly by the OECD and the Swiss Federal Statistical Office and the State Secretary for Economic Affairs of Switzerland and held in Bern in October 2006. The two workshops brought together representatives of statistical offices, central banks and other branches of government in OECD countries that are engaged in the analysis and the measurement of productivity developments at aggregate and industry levels.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264044616-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 70
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    Space Technologies and Climate Change : Implications for Water Management, Marine Resources and Maritime Transport (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264054196
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (188 p.) , ill.
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: This book examines the contributions that space technologies can make in tackling some of the serious problems posed by climate change. Focusing on examples of water management, marine resources and maritime transport, it sets out the rationale for further developing satellite systems to measure and monitor climate change and help mitigate its consequences. The report underlines the need to consider satellites not just as research and development systems, but as an important component of a critical communication- and information-based infrastructure for modern societies. The tool box for decision makers that concludes the book reviews different methodological options for deciding on investments in space-based earth observation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264054196-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 71
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    Partnership for Development: Agriculture in Africa (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 12, p. 101-123
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 25 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 12, p. 101-123
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: The NEPAD founding statement of 2001 identified agriculture as a sectoral priority. Key declarations include the 2003 CAADP Framework calling for 6% agricultural growth rates; the 2003 Maputo Declaration calling for 10% of public expenditure to be spent on agriculture and rural development within 5 years; the 2004 Sirte Declaration on ’The Challenges of Implementing Integrated and Sustainable Development on Agriculture and Water in Africa’; and the 2006 Abuja Declarations on Fertilisers (June) and Food Security (December)...
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v7-art43-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 72
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    Partnership for Development: Investment in Africa (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 12, p. 47-52
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 14 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 12, p. 47-52
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: The NEPAD founding statement of 2001 clearly identified the need to increase private capital flows to Africa, as an essential component of a sustainable long-term approach to filling the resource gap. It identified priorities including addressing risk perception, building public-private partnerships, and deepening capital markets. Successive statements by African governments have reinforced these priorities. The African Peer Review Mechanism includes ‘increased trade and investment among the participating countries’ and ‘increased co-operation in mobilising and attracting both domestic and foreign investment’ among its ‘high priority areas’...
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v7-art40-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 73
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    Partnership for Development: Africa and International Trade (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 12, p. 53-65
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 15 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 12, p. 53-65
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: The NEPAD founding statement of 2001 emphasised the importance of trade and within this a number of specific themes including diversification of production, enhanced international competitiveness, promotion of exports, and improvements in market access. The paper prepared by the NEPAD Secretariat for the 7th meeting of the APF in Moscow in October 2006 identified 4 main areas in which African efforts were focused: deepening of African integration; trade facilitation efforts; private sector participation in building trade-enabling infrastructure; and mainstreaming of trade and national development strategies...
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v7-art41-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 74
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    Partnership for Development: Finance for Development in Africa (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 12, p. 17-40
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 26 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 12, p. 17-40
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: NEPAD’s founding statement in 2001 identified domestic savings and improvements in public revenue collection as key resources to be supplemented by official development assistance, debt relief and private capital flows. The statement further underlined that improved governance is a prerequisite for increased capital flows...
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v7-art39-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 75
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    Proposal to Use Health as a "Tracer Sector" for Tracking Progress on the Paris Declaration (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 12, p. 1-26
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 26 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 12, p. 1-26
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: The health sector has always been an important recipient of global attention and external assistance. Humanitarian concerns about the health of the world’s poor, along with fears about the spread of epidemics such as HIV/AIDS, have made health a central pillar of most development policies. Over the last 30 years attention has increased with the emergence of new health threats - such as HIV/AIDS and pandemic influenza - and with recognition that health is a key determinant of economic growth, labor force productivity and poverty reduction. At the same time, health is increasingly viewed as a human right, the fulfillment of which places obligations on both developed and developing countries. Health has also been at the forefront of the debate on what aid effectiveness means from a sectoral perspective. In the mid-1990s health policymakers designed and pioneered sector-wide approaches (SWAps), which aimed to foster ownership, improve donor harmonization and aid predictability, and align policy behind a health-reform program agreed between government and donors. As this paper illustrates, aid effectiveness is particularly challenging in health. As with other sectors, difficulties are the result of inefficiencies in the global aid architecture and of poor country policies; however, problems in health are exacerbated by the inherent complexities of the sector itself. The large number and diverse nature of development partners active in health, the large unmet needs, the dependency on multiple sectors to achieve health outcomes, the major roles of the private sector in both financing and delivery, and the long-term recurrent nature of most health needs have created challenges for countries, but have also stimulated innovative ideas on how to move forward. As a result, the health sector may be a good "tracer" sector for OECD/ DAC to monitor overall harmonization and alignment progress.
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v7-art37-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 76
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    Review of Donors' Policies and Practices Related to Employment and Labour Markets (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 12, p. 1-25
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 25 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 12, p. 1-25
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: The purpose of this review is to collect evidence on the instruments and modalities donors use to promoteemployment creation and to draw some preliminary lessons on what worked and what might need to be changed. These results will feed into the preparation of the Task Team’s two other outputs: i) a conceptual framework that gives greater centrality to employment issues in efforts to reduce poverty; and ii) a set of good practice papers that provide evidence-based examples of how donors can help improve employment outcomes in developing countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v7-art38-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 77
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    Partnership for Development: Infrastructure in Africa (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 12, p. 1-25
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 34 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 12, p. 1-25
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: The NEPAD founding statement of 2001 identified infrastructure as a key sectoral priority. It proposed a programme including increased investment both in maintenance and in new infrastructure, new regulatory frameworks, and the promotion of public-private partnerships. NEPAD subsequently developed a Short-Term Action Plan designed to accelerate progress in this sector, and a Medium-Long Term Strategic Framework. Successive meetings of AU Ministers have underlined the importance of infrastructure to economic growth.
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v7-art42-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 78
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    Manual sobre la medición de la economía no observada (2008)
    San Isidro Lima : Andean Community General Secretariat, Peru
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264062269
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (282 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Measuring the Non-Observed Economy; A Handbook
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Manuel sur la mesure de l'économie non observée
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Measuring the Non-Observed Economy: A Handbook
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264062269-es
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 79
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    OECD Handbook on Economic Globalisation Indicators : (Chinese version) (2008)
    Beijing : China Financial and Economic Publishing House
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264065635
    Sprache: Chinesisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (202 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Measuring Globalisation; OECD Handbook on Economic Globalisation Indicators 2005
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Mesurer la mondialisation ; Manuel de l'OCDE sur les indicateurs de la mondialisation économique
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Handbook on Economic Globalisation Indicators; (Polish version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Measuring Globalisation: OECD Handbook on Economic Globalisation Indicators 2005
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Mesurer la mondialisation : Manuel de l'OCDE sur les indicateurs de la mondialisation économique
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Handbook on Economic Globalisation Indicators: (Polish version)
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Industry and Services
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264065635-zh
    URL: Volltext
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  • 80
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    Estudios Económicos de la OCDE: Chile 2007 (2008)
    Santiago : Ministry of Finance, Chile
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264040441
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (216 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys; Chile 2007
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE ; Chili 2007
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys: Chile 2007
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE : Chili 2007
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Chile
    Kurzfassung: El Estudio Económico de Chile de la OCDE se realiza periódicamente, la edición 2007 se enfoca a retos claves que se han afrontado y que incluye el desempeño de la economía después del “boom” en el precio del cobre, la eficiencia del sector salud, la educación y la vivienda, la informalidad y el aumento en la fuerza laboral de mujeres y jóvenes.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264040441-es
    URL: Volltext
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  • 81
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    Factbook OCDE 2007 : Estadísticas económicas, ambientales y sociales (2008)
    Bogotá : Mayol Ediciones S.A., Colombia
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264046672
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (265 p.) , ill.
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264046672-es
    URL: Volltext
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  • 82
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    Manual de Frascati 2002 : Proposta de Práticas Exemplares para Inquéritos sobre Investigação e Desenvolvimento Experimental (2008)
    Barcelona : F-Iniciativas, Spain
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264065611
    Sprache: Portugiesisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (336 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002; Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Manuel de Frascati 2002 ; Méthode type proposée pour les enquêtes sur la recherche et le développement expérimental
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002; Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development (Lithuanian version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002; Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development (Chinese version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002: Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Manuel de Frascati 2002 : Méthode type proposée pour les enquêtes sur la recherche et le développement expérimental
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002: Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development (Lithuanian version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002: Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development (Chinese version)
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: Nesta época de rápidas mudanças tecnológicas, a investigação e o desenvolvimento (ID) constituem um elemento importante para o crescimento económico. O acompanhamento dos esforços de ID realizados pela indústria, pela Administração e pelas universidades é a chave para efectuar análises e levar a cabo políticas bem sucedidas. O Manual de Frascati tornou-se o guia metodológico internacionalmente reconhecido para compilar e utilizar estatísticas de ID, e é uma ferramenta indispensável nos gabinetes de estatística de todo o mundo. Inclui definições de conceitos fundamentais, directivas sobre a recolha de dados e as classificações que devem ser utilizadas na compilação dos dados estatísticos. Esta sexta edição actualizada inclui directivas melhoradas que reflectem as mudanças nas economias da OCDE, incluindo a medição da ID no sector dos serviços, globalização da ID e recursos humanos em ID. O Manual será publicado também em formato electrónico, o que permitirá fazer actualizações em tempo real.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264065611-pt
    URL: Volltext
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  • 83
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    Eurostat-OECD Manual on Business Demography Statistics (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264041882
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (102 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Europäische Kommission. Statistisches Amt EUROSTAT - OECD manual on business demography statistics
    RVK:
    QH 238
    Schlagwort(e): Unternehmenserfolg ; Unternehmensgründung ; Lebenszyklus ; Statistische Methode ; Anpassung ; EU-Staaten ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Indikator ; Unternehmensentwicklung
    Kurzfassung: This joint Eurostat and OECD publication provides a detailed description of the sources and methods used by OECD countries to compile the business demography indicators, such as birth death and survival rates of businesses, published by OECD in Structural and Demographic Business Statistics (SDBS). Furthermore, these measures are key components of the Entrepreneurship Indicators Programme developed jointly by the OECD and Eurostat. It is the first manual of its kind that provides for an internationally comparable framework for these increasingly important measures and also provides recommendations for the measurement of indicators not hitherto covered in the SDBS publication, such as indicators of high-growth enterprises and young high-growth enterprises (gazelles).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264041882-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 84
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    Manual de Oslo : Guía para la recogida e interpretación de datos sobre innovación, 3 edición (2007)
    Madrid : Tragsa
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264065659
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (194 p.) , ill.
    Ausgabe: 3 edición
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Oslo Manual; Guidelines for Collecting and Interpreting Innovation Data, 3rd Edition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Manuel d'Oslo ; Principes directeurs pour le recueil et l'interprétation des données sur l'innovation, 3e édition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Oslo Manual; Guidelines for Collecting and Interpreting Innovation Data, 3rd Edition (Russian version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Oslo Manual: Guidelines for Collecting and Interpreting Innovation Data, 3rd Edition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Manuel d'Oslo : Principes directeurs pour le recueil et l'interprétation des données sur l'innovation, 3e édition
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Oslo Manual: Guidelines for Collecting and Interpreting Innovation Data, 3rd Edition (Russian version)
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Economics
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264065659-es
    URL: Volltext
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  • 85
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    Sustainable Development Finance for Cities and Regions (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 12, p. 1-14
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 14 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 12, p. 1-14
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: Becoming a successful city involves achieving a high investment/high return equilibrium, just as much as it does for the most successful businesses. Success in the open knowledge driven global economy requires places to be truly distinctive, appealing and productive. Just as firms must innovate and invest to succeed, cities have to adjust, reinvent, and differentiate themselves. They have to change the old patterns of land and resource use, and connect assets with opportunities in new ways and over new spaces. They must modernise infrastructure and build up human capital. This can have positive impacts on entrepreneurship, innovation, skills, and other factors of growth. But this involves adjustment costs, in the form of investment to re-engineer the city for the new economic functions and flows that it must facilitate. It can take 30-50 years of re-investment to fully recalibrate a city from the industrial mode to the knowledge mode...
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v6-art42-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 86
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    Central Public Procurement Structures and Capacity in Member States of the European Union (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 4, p. 1-86
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 86 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 4, p. 1-86
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; European Union
    Kurzfassung: This study provides an analysis of the functions, structure, status within the government, and capacity of the central public procurement bodies of Member States. It does not attempt to evaluate their respective advantages/disadvantages or to recommend particular institutional arrangements. Twenty-two separate overviews of public procurement systems in the 22 participating Member States were produced on the basis of national responses to a detailed questionnaire. An in-depth review of these country system overviews provided the comparative analysis portion of this study, which discusses the various models in place in Member States, in particular the background and rationale for the use of a particular institutional model.
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v7-art12-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 87
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    Report of the OECD Pesticide Risk Reduction Steering Group Workshop "Pesticide User Compliance" (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 10, p. 1-166
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 166 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 10, p. 1-166
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This report presents a summary of the discussions at, and the outcomes from, the OECD workshop on Pesticide User Compliance Issues. The workshop was held in Ottawa, from 6-8 June 2006 and was hosted by Health Canada's Pest Management Regulatory Agency (PMRA). The focus of the workshop was on issues and impediments to compliance associated with pesticide use. Such issues were addressed in the context of reducing risks to human health and the environment as well as risks to the integrity of the regulatory process.
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v7-art31-en
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  • 88
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    Consensus Document on Safety Information on Transgenic Plants Expressing Bacillus thuringiensis - Derived Insect Control Protein (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 11, p. 1-107
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 109 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 11, p. 1-107
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: The OECD's Working Group on Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology decided at its first session, in June 1995, to focus its work on the development of consensus documents that are mutually acceptable among Member countries. These consensus documents contain information for use during the regulatory assessment of a particular product. In the area of plant biosafety, consensus documents are being developed on the biology of certain plants species, on specific genes and resulting proteins that when introduced into a plant result in the expression of specific traits and on issues arising from the use of general trait types in plants. This document addresses the general information concerning the ä-endotoxin genes and their protein toxin products that confer insect protection to plants.
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v7-art35-en
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  • 89
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    Public Procurement Review and Remedies Systems in the European Union (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 4, p. 1-110
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 110 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 4, p. 1-110
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; European Union
    Kurzfassung: The main objective for the establishment of a public procurement complaints review and remedies system is to enforce the practical application of substantive public procurement legislation. Such a system gives this legislation its “teeth”: the possibility of review and remedies serves as a deterrent to breaking the law and thus encourages compliance. Moreover, violations of the law and genuine mistakes can be corrected. Therefore, a functioning public procurement review and remedies system may ultimately contribute to the achievement of the objectives of the substantive rules, such as non-discrimination and equal treatment, transparency, and value for money. The public procurement review and remedies systems of EU Member States need to comply with the requirements of European Community law: the EC Treaty, the EC Public Sector Remedies Directive 89/665/EEC and the EC Utilities Remedies Directive 92/13/EEC...
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v7-art13-en
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  • 90
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Legislation on Lobbying in Europe (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 7, p. 1-35
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 35 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 7, p. 1-35
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Hungary ; Lithuania ; Poland
    Kurzfassung: This document provides an unofficial translation of legislation on lobbying in Poland, Hungary and Lithuania.
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v7-art22-en
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  • 91
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    Online-Ressource
    Frequently Asked Questions about Work Sharing on Pesticide Registration Reviews (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 10, p. 1-13
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 13 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 10, p. 1-13
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: OECD countries invest significant resources in evaluating agricultural pesticides before they are marketed (or re-evaluating pesticides that have been in use for many years) to ensure that they do not pose unacceptable risks to human health and the environment. Since many pesticides used in OECD countries are the same, governments have recognised the substantial benefits that can be gained if the task of pesticide evaluations for registration and re-registration is shared, rather than duplicating each others' work. The OECD Pesticides Programme is working to establish the infrastructure that will facilitate such work sharing. The recent adoption of an OECD-wide future "vision", with specific deadlines for work sharing, should lead to additional (and more routine) work sharing arrangements between governments and industry.This document provides responses to questions that are frequently asked by governments and industry about the concept of work sharing, and how it would operate in practice. Many of the questions were raised at an OECD seminar on work sharing, held on 31 May, 2006, at the Pesticide Control Service in Ireland. The answers were prepared by a panel of OECD government representatives at that seminar.
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v7-art29-en
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  • 92
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Reshaping a Local Economy through a Development Agency : The Case of Laganside Corporation, Belfast, United Kingdom (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 12, p. 1-78
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 78 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 12, p. 1-78
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This study of Laganside Corporation draws out valuable lessons for existing agencies, cities, regions and national governments. It offers practical guidance on how to use key tools and concepts of local development to foster economic growth and social cohesion. Although a „top down‟ model, Laganside Corporation pursued an approach which engaged stakeholders from all sectors and provides valuable insights into effective community engagement and working with public and private sectors. The study analyses the approach taken by Laganside Corporation and its international counterparts on a broad range of tools for local development.
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v6-art40-en
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  • 93
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Improving co-ordination between environmental and health policies : final report (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 9, p. 1-88
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 90 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 9, p. 1-88
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This report examines how policy co-ordination between the environment and health fields could be improved in order to better address environmental health issues. To this end, three cases studies were implemented in the United Kingdom, France and Canada, with particular focus on air pollution.The report synthesises the main findings arising out from these case studies as well as from a review of the governance literature as well. It identifies the main means and obstacles to improved policy coordination of cross-cutting issues, such as environmental health. Recommendations are then suggested, intending to improve co-ordination between environmental and health policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v7-art27-en
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  • 94
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Full Employment Strategies for Cities : The Case of Glasgow (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 12, p. 1-18
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 18 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 12, p. 1-18
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; United Kingdom
    Kurzfassung: There is growing recognition throughout the OECD of the need to link economic development and employment policies at the level of the individual city if the twin objectives of raising competitiveness and reducing worklessness are to be met. The challenge is particularly clear in the UK, where the employment rate of the working age population in the major cities has lagged consistently behind the relatively strong performance of the nation as a whole (HM Treasury, 2007). The Government has recognised that raising the UK employment rate towards its ambitious 80%national target will require special efforts to tackle unemployment and economic inactivity in the cities (Department of Work and Pensions, 2006). This is an important departure from the traditional emphasis on national labour market policies and standardised welfare to work programmes that pay little regard to geographical variations in socio-economic conditions. One of the issues arising is the appropriate balance between measures to stimulate labour demand and create jobs, on the one hand, and measures to strengthen labour supply by improving people’s skills, employability and motivation, on the other. There is also an issue about how to connect employment opportunities to people in need of work but who face multiple disadvantages and barriers to employment, such as poor transport access and lack of childcare. Another issue relates to the amount of decentralisation and local control of the policy levers that government should encourage, and what form this should take. The purpose of this paper is to address these important questions by focusing on the labour market context and policy situation in Glasgow.
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v6-art41-en
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  • 95
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Draft Checklist for Enhancing Integrity in Public Procurement (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 7, p. 1-36
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 36 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 7, p. 1-36
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: At the OECD Symposium and Global Forum on Integrity in Public Procurement in November 2006, participants called for an instrument for policy makers at the international level to reform public procurement systems and reinforce integrity and public trust in how public funds are managed. They also expressed interest in developing a practical toolkit that could be applied, adapted and developed indifferent legal, political and administrative contexts. To respond to these requests, the OECD has developed a draft "Checklist for Enhancing Integrity in Public Procurement". The Checklist will help guide policy makers at central government level in instilling a culture of integrity throughout the entire public procurement cycle:• The first part of the Checklist provides guidance on developing an adequate policy framework for enhancing integrity in public procurement;• The second part focuses on how to implement this framework, from needs assessment to contract management and payment. The Checklist is based on applying good governance elements, in particular transparency, good management, corruption resistance, accountability and control to enhance integrity in public procurement.
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v7-art20-en
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  • 96
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    Online-Ressource
    Consensus Document on the Biology of the Native North American Larches : Subalpine Larch (Larix lyalli), Western Larch (Larix occidentalis) and Tamarack (Larix laricina) (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 11, p. 1-48
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 52 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 11, p. 1-48
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: The environmental safety/risks of transgenic organisms are normally based on the information on the characteristics of the host organism, the introduced traits, the environment into which the organism is introduced, the interaction between these, and the intended application. The OECD’s Working Group on Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology decided at its first session, in June 1995, to focus its work on identifying parts of this information, which could be commonly used in countries for environmental safety/risk assessment to encourage information sharing and prevent duplication of effort among countries. Biosafety Consensus Documents are one of the major outputs of its work.
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v7-art34-en
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  • 97
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Consensus Document on Compositional Considerations for New Varieties of the Cultivated Mushrooms "Agaricus Bisporus" : Key Food and Feed Nutrients, Anti-nutrients and Toxicants (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 11, p. 1-44
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 44 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 11, p. 1-44
    Schlagwort(e): Economics
    Kurzfassung: This consensus document addresses compositional considerations for new varieties of cultivated mushroom Agaricus bisporus by identifying the key food and feed nutrients and anti-nutrients. A general description of these components is provided. As well, there is background material on the production, processing and uses of Agaricus bisporus and considerations to be taken when assessing new Agaricus bisporus varieties.
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v7-art32-en
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  • 98
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Financing Water Supply and Sanitation Sector in EECCA Countries, including Progress in Achieving Water-Related Millennium Development Goals (MDGS) (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 3, p. 1-40
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 40 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 3, p. 1-40
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: At their meeting in Almaty in October 2000, EECCA Ministers of Environment, Finance, and Economy, Ministers and senior representatives from several OECD countries, as well as senior officials from International Financial Institutions (IFI), International Organisations, non-governmental organisations, and the private sector, recognised the critical condition of the urban water supply and sanitation sector in EECCA and endorsed "Guiding Principles for the Reform of the Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Sector in the NIS". Participants requested the EAP Task Force to assess progress in implementing these Guiding Principles for review at a major conference of stakeholders that took place in 2005 in Yerevan, Armenia. This paper is an update of a report that was prepared for the Ministerial meeting in Yerevan, drawing on more recent data, and responds to the Ministers' request to prepare such a paper for the Environment for Europe Conference in 2007.
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v7-art8-en
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  • 99
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Mobilising Finance for Environmental Priorities : Recommendations for the Future (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 3, p. 1-16
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 18 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 3, p. 1-16
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: This paper argues that the sustained provision of adequate financial resources for the environment is a prerequisite for addressing environmental challenges in Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA) and South-Eastern Europe (SEE). It sets out options for how optimal use could be made of the various available sources of environmental finance, including domestic public expenditure, private sector participation and official development assistance. Recommendations are provided for Ministers on priority actions for ensuring that financial resources are made available for the environment. EECCA and SEE governments need to continue to prioritise the environment in policy and public expenditure frameworks, and make better use of incentive-based instruments. They also need to create a suitable climate for the private sector to participate in environmental financing. The international community must ensure that IFI loans for environmental investments are more accessible, especially for low-income countries, including by providing adequate grant co-financing. Finally, EECCA and SEE countries should strengthen their capacity to prepare environmental investment projects, with effective support from IFIs and donors.
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v7-art11-en
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  • 100
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Benchmarks for Integrity : Tracking Trends in Governance (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 7, p. 1-33
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 33 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 7, p. 1-33
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: The OECD, via its Ethics Infrastructure concept and Integrity Assessment Framework, is in the forefront as efforts to check corruption shift from diagnosing problems and prescribing countermeasures to the institutionalization and assessment of integrity. In such an effort OECD possesses significant resources: a generation’s worth of anti-corruption expertise; unparalleled networks, information and data resources; and strong credibility based both on anti-corruption and integrity instruments (such as the OECD Convention on Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions, 1998 OECD Recommendation on Improving Ethical Conduct in the Public Service and the 2003 Recommendation on Guidelines For Managing Conflict Of Interest in the Public Service) and a half-century of effective dealings with the world’s major economies. But it also faces significant challenges, made all the more difficult by the fact that in some ways it is venturing into unknown territory. A key challenge is to assess anti-corruption progress in valid, reliable, and reasonably precise ways, using objective evidence to provide credible, easily understood feedback and guidance to officials, reform groups, and citizens...
    DOI: 10.1787/oecd_papers-v7-art18-en
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