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  • 2000-2004  (285)
  • Agriculture and Food
  • Social Issues/Migration/Health
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  • 1
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 62 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Working Papers no.15
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Governments often look to private health insurance (PHI) as a possible means of addressing some health system challenges. For example, they may consider enhancing its role as an alternative source of health financing and a way to increase system capacity, or promoting it as a tool to further additional health policy goals, such as enhanced individual responsibility. In some countries policy makers regard PHI as a key element of their health coverage systems While private health insurance represents, on average, only a small share of total health funding across the OECD area, it plays a significant role in health financing in some OECD countries and it covers at least 30% of the population in a third of the OECD members. It also plays a variety of roles, ranging from primary coverage for particular population groups to a supporting role for public systems. This paper assesses evidence on the effects of PHI in different national contexts and draws conclusions about its ...
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  • 2
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 44 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Technical Papers no.11
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Spain
    Kurzfassung: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the eleventh in this series, presenting the Spanish SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264016804
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (404 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Environment
    Kurzfassung: This book gathers the proceedings of an OECD Workshop that took place in April 2004 in Paris, on Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing -- a worldwide problem which is increasing in scale. The aim of the workshop was to better understand the social and economic factors that drive IUU fishing in order to identify more effective methods to combat this evil and propose new ways to deal with it.
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264015562
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (134 p.) , ill.
    Serie: The OECD Health Project
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Vers des systèmes de santé plus performants
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: This volume offers a synthesis of findings from recent OECD studies undertaken as part of the three-year Health Project, an initiative geared towards answering many of the key questions facing today’s health policy makers. It provides information and analysis on a wide variety of topics, such as new and emerging health-related technologies, long-term care, private health insurance, health-care cost control, equity of access across income groups, health workforce planning and productivity, and waiting times for elective surgery. Building on international experience and grounded in new data on cross-country differences, this report offers an up-to-date map of the road to performance improvement.
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 90 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Working Papers no.14
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: This study updates and extends a previous study on equity in physician utilisation for a subset of the countries analyzed here (Van Doorslaer, Koolman and Puffer, 2002). It updates results to 2000 for 13 countries and adds new results for eight countries: Australia, Finland, France, Hungary, Mexico, Norway, Switzerland and Sweden. Both simple quintile distributions and concentration indices were used to assess horizontal equity, i.e. the extent to which adults in equal need for physician care appear to have equal rates of medical care utilisation. With respect to physician utilisation, need is more concentrated among the worse off, but after “standardizing out” these need differences, significant horizontal inequity favoring the better off is found in about half of the countries, both for the probability and the total number of visits. The degree of pro-rich inequity in doctor use is highest in the US, followed by Mexico, Finland, Portugal and Sweden. In the majority ...
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 52 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.21
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Most Western countries have a long tradition of employment service provision by public bodies and non-profit organisations, but not by for-profit organisations. The creation of a quasi-market arrangement is not a simple choice for government. This paper underscores the difficulties and discusses design options. It calls for a complex balancing act between regulation and the creation of room for market competition, between old and new instruments and procedures, and between efficiency and equity. It identifies as two key issues the need to actively create sufficient room for market competition, and the need for "positive creaming" which encourages providers to concentrate their efforts on the most disadvantaged target groups. The paper starts by stating the principles and preconditions for market competition, with a focus on possible quasi-market arrangements for strengthening service provision for the long-term unemployed in Flanders. It sets out four models for contracting with ...
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264016484
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (142 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Le projet de l'OCDE sur la santé
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Towards High-Performing Health Systems
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Gesundheitspolitik
    Kurzfassung: Ce rapport présente une synthèse des études menées par l’OCDE dans le cadre du Projet sur la santé. On y trouvera des informations et des analyses sur des sujets aussi divers que les technologies médicales nouvelles et émergentes, les soins de longue durée, l’assurance-maladie privée, la maîtrise des dépenses de santé, l’équité d’accès aux soins selon le revenu, la planification des ressources humaines dans le domaine de la santé et leur productivité, et les délais d’attente pour la chirurgie non urgente. Ce rapport s’appuie sur l’expérience de nombreux pays ainsi que sur des données nouvelles relatives aux différences qui existent d’un pays à l’autre. Il constitue une feuille de route tout à fait actuelle pour améliorer les systèmes de santé.
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264103191
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (373 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. The Non-profit Sector in a Changing Economy
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Le secteur à but non lucratif dans une économie en mutation
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Kurzfassung: Las tendencias económicas recientes, que se reflejan en una mayor presión en términos económicos, la reforma del Estado benefactor, el surgimiento de la sociedad civil y la democracia participativa, han destacado la importancia creciente del sector sin fines de lucro en los países de la OCDE. Este sector, a menudo asociado con conceptos como “la economía social”, “el tercer sector”, “el sector de trabajo voluntario”, “el tercer sistema”, “el sector independiente” y, más recientemente, “la iniciativa empresarial social”, se ha enfrentado a una serie de retos cruciales. Entre ellos se encuentra el impulso para introducir criterios administrativos rigurosos, mientras que a la vez se mantiene la dimensión social única del sector y se fomenta la innovación social. Esta publicación ofrece una evaluación integral y transformadora de las nuevas tendencias en el ámbito de los estudios sobre el sector sin fines de lucro. Contiene contribuciones de expertos y académicos líderes en esta disciplina, y analiza los acontecimientos más significativos registrados en este sector en los países de la Unión Europea, Estados Unidos, Canadá, México y Australia. Asimismo, presenta un análisis comparativo y detallado de las herramientas y métodos empleados para financiar, supervisar y evaluar este sector de actividad económica y social. Este libro es una lectura fundamental para los diseñadores de políticas, practicantes en el sector y académicos interesados en conocer los más recientes acontecimientos teóricos y empíricos registrados en este sector en continua expansión.
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789264020139
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (428 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: The papers in this conference proceedings address the various conceptual, measurement and statistical policy issues that arise when applying accounting frameworks to the concept of sustainable development.
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  • 10
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 36 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Technical Papers no.17
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: This report presents the consensus recommendations of an international expert panel on indicators for mental health care. Using a structured review process, the panel selected a set of 12 indicators to cover the four key areas treatment, continuity of care, coordination of care, and patient outcomes. The report describes the review process and provides a detailed discussion of the scientific soundness and policy importance of the 12 indicators as follows ...
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  • 11
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 149 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Working Papers no.16
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: The purpose of the System of Health Accounts Changes in health systems and concomitant health policy questions have been challenging the traditional system of health expenditure statistics over the last couple of decades. What are the major factors accounting for health expenditure growth? What factors explain the differences between countries in expenditure growth? How to ensure sustainable financing? What are the major factors accounting for the differences in the structure of health spending? How are the changes in health spending structure and the performance of health systems related? In order to answer such questions, reliable, comparable and appropriately detailed health expenditure data are required. The System of Health Accounts intends to provide the foundation for health statistics that are able to meet these challenges. Box 1 What is the System of Health Accounts? The System of Health Accounts (SHA) proposes an integrated system of comprehensive and internationally ...
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  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 44 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Working Papers no.18
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Netherlands
    Kurzfassung: Private health insurance (PHI) is the sole source of primary health coverage for a third of the Netherlands’ population earning above a set income threshold. Social insurance (together with limited public (tax-based financing) is the main source of health coverage for the majority of the population. Most socially insured also purchase supplementary private health coverage. All citizens are eligible for a system of coverage for long-term care and care for the chronically ill. Thus, in the Netherlands, the source of health financing is determined according to the category of health risk, type of illness, as well as income level. Decisions have been made allocating the cost of more expensive long-term care and coverage of high-risk individuals and persons earning below a set level, to social or public insurance, or to PHI subsidised by a broader pool. From an equity perspective, the Dutch public/private financing mix appears to do well, although challenges remain. There appear to be ...
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  • 13
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 24 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.16
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden
    Kurzfassung: Until recently, an unemployed person in Sweden who participated in an active labour market programme earned entitlement to a further 60 weeks of unemployment insurance (UI) benefits. A "carousel" effect - cycling between periods of open unemployment and participation in active programmes - increasingly seen came to be seen as a factor making the active programmes less effective in promoting the transition to ordinary work. Following policy reforms in 2000 and 2001, participation in a programme no longer generates new UI entitlements. However, the public employment service (PES) can refer the unemployed to a new programme, the Activity Guarantee. This provides continuing income support, and engages participants in job-search and other activities in principle full-time until they find ordinary work. This paper summarises findings from two questionnaire surveys of the implementation of the Activity Guarantee. The first survey was addressed to PES case workers, who have direct ...
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  • 14
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 40 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Technical Papers no.6
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Japan
    Kurzfassung: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the sixth in this series, presenting the Japanese SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 15
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 31 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Working Papers no.12
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; France
    Kurzfassung: While France has a universal public health insurance system, the coverage it provides is incomplete and the vast majority the French population has private complementary health insurance. Among OECD countries, the share of health care financed by private insurance is third highest behind the US and the Netherlands, two countries where private coverage is the primary source of payment for a large percentage of the population. France’s high rate of private insurance coverage is partly explained by historical factors and partly by the preferential tax treatment of employer-sponsored coverage. Because of the high rate of employerprovision – roughly half of all contracts are obtained through the workplace – coverage tends to vary with activity and industry classification. Historically, coverage was also positively related with income. In 2000, the French government introduced a new program, the Couverture Maladie Universelle (CMU), which extended eligibility for publicly funded ...
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  • 16
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 110 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Working Papers no.13
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Dementia and its most common manifestation, Alzheimer’s disease, is a complex disorder that afflicts primarily the elderly, affecting an estimated 10 million people in OECD member countries. The complexity of the disease makes treating dementia extremely difficult, involving a wide variety of social and health care interventions. Typically, these two aspects of dementia care are examined separately. This paper adopts a conceptual model that examines both types of interventions and how they interact along the dementia care continuum. There are no effective health care treatments for stopping dementia, which is why the social care aspect plays an important role in treating the disease, with family members an integral part of this process. This paper shows that programs designed to help alleviate the burden of family members caring for a relative with dementia can have positive health benefits to both patient and family. In particular, the use of group-living, where dementia ...
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  • 17
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 31 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Technical Papers no.7
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Korea, Republic of
    Kurzfassung: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the seventh in this series, presenting the Korean SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 18
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 21 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Technical Papers no.15
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: This report presents the recommendations of an international expert group on indicators for diabetes care. Based on a review of existing indicators and an assessment of gaps left open by existing indicators, the experts set out to select indicators to cover clinical processes of diabetes care as well as proximal and distal outcomes of care. The review led to a recommendation of nine indicators: annual HbA1c testing, annual LDL cholesterol testing, annual screening for nephropathy, annual eye exam, HbA1c control, LDL cholesterol control, lower extremity amputation rates, kidney disease in persons with diabetes, and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes.
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  • 19
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 38 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Technical Papers no.8
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Mexico
    Kurzfassung: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the eighth in this series, presenting the Mexican SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 20
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 42 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Technical Papers no.13
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Turkey
    Kurzfassung: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the thirteenth in this series, presenting the Turkish SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 21
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 40 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Technical Papers no.4
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany
    Kurzfassung: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the fourth in this series, presenting the German SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 22
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 70 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Technical Papers no.2
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada
    Kurzfassung: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried out by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the second in this series, presenting the Canadian SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 23
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 46 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Technical Papers no.18
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: This report presents the consensus recommendations of an international expert panel on indicators for patient safety. Using a structured review process, the panel set out to select indicators to cover the five key areas: areas hospital-acquired infections, sentinel events, operative and postoperative complications, obstetrics, and other care related adverse events...
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  • 24
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 52 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.18
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: This paper presents results from an on-going joint European Commission / OECD project, aimed at monitoring the direct influence of tax and benefit instruments on household incomes. The project uses and extends OECD tax-benefit models to compute a range of work incentive indicators such as marginal effective tax rates on earned income. This paper provides a methodological background describing these extensions. It also discusses the usefulness of a range of indicators such as net replacement rates and marginal effective tax rates and to what extent they can be used to quantify possible work disincentives. The approaches are illustrated using detailed tax-benefit calculations for 2001 and comparing relevant indicators across 15 EU and 8 non-EU countries. The results presented in this paper permit the identification of family circumstances where (1) financial incentives to increase work are either small or missing altogether; or (2) resources provided by social transfers may be ...
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  • 25
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 39 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Technical Papers no.1
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia
    Kurzfassung: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the first in this series, presenting the Australian SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 26
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 34 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Working Papers no.11
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Slovak Republic
    Kurzfassung: This paper analyses the Slovak health insurance system and the policy challenges it faces. It describes the structure of health coverage and health sector reforms being implemented by the Slovak government. It provides a preliminary assessment of the possible impact of such reforms, with a focus on the health insurance system and the possible introduction of private health insurance (PHI). It assesses how private health insurance would impact upon the health system, particularly equity, efficiency incentives facing providers and insurers, and responsiveness. The Slovak health system is based upon a mandatory Bismarck-style social health insurance system. Contributions are shared between employers and employees and the state contributes for the inactive population. Five non-profit and non-competing insurers operate nationwide, one of which covers two-thirds of the population. Individuals can freely enrol with any of the insurance companies and a risk equalisation system ...
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  • 27
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 43 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Technical Papers no.12
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Switzerland
    Kurzfassung: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the twelfth in this series, presenting the Swiss SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 28
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 41 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Technical Papers no.5
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Hungary
    Kurzfassung: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the fifth in this series, presenting the Hungarian SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 29
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 53 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Technical Papers no.14
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: This report presents the consensus recommendations of an international expert panel on indicators for cardiac care. Using a structured review process, the panel set out to select indicators to cover five key areas: primary prevention, secondary prevention of heart disease, acute coronary syndromes, cardiac interventions and congestive heart failure. In the event, no suitable indicators for primary prevention were retained, and this report proposes 17 indicators as follows: The report describes the review process and provides a detailed discussion of the scientific soundness and policy importance of the 17 indicators ...
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  • 30
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264015913
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (256 p.)
    Serie: Agriculture, échanges et environnement
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. The Dairy Sector
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Trade ; Milchwirtschaft ; Umweltbelastung ; Agrarhandel ; Liberalisierung ; Treibhauseffekt
    Kurzfassung: Grâce à un regard approfondi sur le secteur laitier dans les pays de l'OCDE, cette étude permet de mieux analyser l'impact des subventions à l'agriculture et des politiques de l'environnement sur l'environnement et sur la compétitivité internationale des produits laitiers.
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  • 31
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264019805
    Sprache: Mehrsprachig
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Serie: International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food
    Kurzfassung: This book provides comments and illustrations to facilitate the common interpretation of the standard in force for grading avocados in international trade under the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables set up by the OECD in 1962. It is therefore a valuable tool for both the Inspection Authorities and professional bodies responsible for the application of standards or those interested in international trade of avocados.
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  • 32
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264106475
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    DDC: 305.26
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Japan
    Kurzfassung: This report, part of a series covering around 20 OECD countries, contains a survey of Japan's main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers, and a set of policy recommendations to further action by public authorities and social partners.  These recommendations are designed to alleviate some of the pension and health care pressures governments are facing because of ageing populations.
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  • 33
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264016620
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    DDC: 305.26
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Czech Republic ; Tschechoslowakei ; Beschäftigungspolitik ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer
    Kurzfassung: This report, part of a series covering around 20 OECD countries, contains a survey of the Czech Republic's main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers, and a set of policy recommendations to further action by public authorities and social partners.  These recommendations are designed to alleviate some of the pension and health care pressures governments are facing because of ageing populations.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9789264108684
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (252 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Migration et emploi ; Les accords bilatéraux à la croisée des chemins
    Paralleltitel: Elektronische Reproduktion von Migration for employment
    DDC: 331.6/2/094
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Arbeitsmigranten ; Personalbeschaffung ; Internationales Abkommen ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift ; Electronic books ; Konferenzschrift ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Ausländischer Arbeitnehmer ; Migration
    Kurzfassung: This report opens with an overview of bilateral agreements and other forms of labour recruitment of foreigners in several OECD countries (Czech Republic, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Poland, Switzerland, United Kingdom and United States) as well as in the Philippines and Romania.  It then has a series of chapters describing the management and implementation of these practices and analysing the impact of these agreements on labour markets, economic development and migration policies of both sending and receiving countries.  It also examines the prospects for this type of migration. The Annex lists the principal agreements signed by OECD countries, by type of recruitment scheme (e.g. seasonal, contract workers, trainees and guest workers).
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  • 35
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264015609
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (332 p.) , ill.
    Serie: The OECD Health Project
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Vers des systèmes de santé plus performants ; études thématiques
    DDC: 362.1/094
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Electronic books
    Kurzfassung: This series of seven policy studies were the source material for the synthesis report of The OECD Health Project, Towards High-Performing Health Systems. They cover lessons from experience in health system reform, improving the technical quality of health care, income-related inequality in health care, matching supply with demand for physicians and nurses, excessive waiting times, costs and benefits of private health insurance, and ageing-related spending projections.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 36
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264108721
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    DDC: 378.98
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Trade ; Argentina ; Brazil ; Chile
    Kurzfassung: This book focuses on the role of exchange rate regimes, market imperfections and trade policy to support the strengthening and diversification of the tradable sector in Argentina, Brazil and Chile. Moreover, it analyses the agro-food sector, one of the pillars of the tradable sector in the region, and the role of foreign direct investment and competition policy. Overall it provides an integrated and original policy perspective on the factors underlying international competitiveness.
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  • 37
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264108783
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Serie: Biological Resource Management in Agriculture
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    DDC: 631.5
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Electronic books
    Kurzfassung: This book discusses the often diverging risks and opportunities associated with genetically engineered organisms in terms of the environment, food safety, and economics and trade. These issues were raised at the OECD Workshop on Challenges and Risks of GMOs - What Risk Analysis is Appropriate? Options for Future Policy Making Towards Integrated Agro-Food Systems, held in Maastricht, Netherlands, in July 2003. Discussions also covered the relevant WTO Agreements and their relationship with other multilateral accords as well as regional and national approaches.
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  • 38
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264106314
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (130 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Sécurité routière ; mieux protéger les enfants
    DDC: 363.125
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Transport ; Electronic books
    Kurzfassung: This book outlines the progress that has been made in the last twenty years, as well as the need for ongoing change. It provides the latest statistics on children’s injuries, fatalities and trends in transport. It examines the most effective current strategies, identifies areas for improvement and makes a series of policy-related recommendations for improving children’s road safety.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 39
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264105546
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (568 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    DDC: 630
    Schlagwort(e): Energy ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Electronic books
    Kurzfassung: These are the proceedings of the OECD Workshop on Biomass and Agriculture held in June 2003. The Workshop covered two broad themes: the contribution of agricultural biomass to sustainability; and the policy approaches for developing agricultural biomass. The book proposes a wealth of material relating to agricultural biomass, bio energy and biomaterials in OECD countries. It is hoped that this will contribute to the current and future debate on agricultural biomass, particularly in the context of agricultural policy reform and the advancement of policies for sustainable development.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 40
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264108356
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (220 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Bébés et employeurs - Comment réconcilier travail et vie de famille (Volume 3) ; Nouvelle-Zélande, Portugal et Suisse
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Babies and Bosses; Políticas de Conciliação da Actividade Profissional e da Vida Familiar (Volume 3); Nova Zelândia, Portugal e Suíça
    DDC: 331.25
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; New Zealand ; Portugal ; Switzerland ; Electronic books
    Kurzfassung: This study, part of a series on OECD countries, considers how a tax/benefit and childcare policies and workplace practices help determine parental labour market outcomes and may impinge on family formation in New Zealand, Portugal and Switzerland. The book makes recommendations for policy reform aimed at a better reconciliation of work and family commitments in these three countries.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 41
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264015296
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (392 p)
    Serie: China in the Global Economy
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    DDC: 332.7
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Finance and Investment ; China, People’s Republic ; Electronic books
    Kurzfassung: In October 2003, the OECD, together with the Chinese Government, invited industry experts to take stock of the achievements China has made in agricultural finance and credit infrastructure, and discuss future challenges in this area. Chinese policy makers and experts, representatives from the World Bank, FAO, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the Asian Development Bank and PlaNet Finance came together to share their views and experience. This report outlines the main issues discussed, and considers the role that the Chinese government should play within the reform process, now and in the future.
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  • 42
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264017214
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (228 p.)
    Serie: China in the Global Economy
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    DDC: 339.22
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Economics ; China, People’s Republic ; Konferenzschrift 2003 ; Electronic books ; China ; Einkommensunterschied ; OECD ; Einkommensunterschied
    Kurzfassung: China has experienced spectacular economic growth since 1978, averaging 8 to 9% per year. As a result, on average, people’s standard of living is far higher than ever before in China’s history. However, economic disparities have also widened very significantly during this period, raising questions about the appropriateness and sustainability of existing policies. This book includes the papers from a seminar held in Paris on 20-21 October 2003 to explore the causes of China's growing economic disparities. The seminar was organised by the OECD and the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) of China. The papers by Chinese and OECD experts look at the driving forces behind these trends and discuss possible policy responses. The collection presents many comparisons with income inequality trends in OECD countries, including geographic disparities, and looks at ways to improve Chinese data on income distribution.
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  • 43
    ISBN: 9789264016408
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Échanges et migrations ; Pour une main d'oeuvre mobile à l'échelle mondiale
    DDC: 331.12791
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Trade ; Electronic books
    Kurzfassung: Building on a recent groundbreaking OECD/IOM/World Bank seminar which brought together over 300 trade and migration officials, this book examines the main issues in the current debate on trade and migration as they relate to mode 4 and the current WTO services negotiations. It also explores possible ways forward for building greater understanding between the trade and migration policy communities on this important and timely issue, and seeks ways to unleash the potential of the temporary movement of service suppliers to bring significant gains to developed and developing countries alike.
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  • 44
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264105812
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (344 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    DDC: 331.2522
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Konferenzschrift 2002 ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Altersversorgung ; Reform ; Osteuropa ; Rentenreform
    Kurzfassung: This conference proceedings provided an opportunity for experts to compare public pension reform efforts in Central and Eastern Europe with those in other OECD countries. It looks at the reasons for pension reform, policy choices and constraints, the well-being of older people and distributional consequences of pension reform, and implementation of pension reform proposals.
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9789264016231
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United Kingdom
    Kurzfassung: This report, part of a series covering around 20 OECD countries, contains a survey of the UK's main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers, and a set of policy recommendations to further action by public authorities and social partners. These recommendations are designed to alleviate some of the pension and health care pressures governments are facing because of ageing populations.
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  • 46
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264017047
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (130 p.)
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Italy
    Kurzfassung: This report, part of a series covering around 20 OECD countries, contains a survey of the Italy's main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers, and a set of policy recommendations to further action by public authorities and social partners. These recommendations are designed to alleviate some of the pension and health care pressures governments are facing because of ageing populations.
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  • 47
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264007451
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (240 p.) , ill.
    Serie: The OECD Health Project
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. L'assurance-maladie privée dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: This report provides the first-ever comparative analysis of the role and performance of private health insurance (PHI) in OECD countries. It analyses PHI markets and identifies policy issues arising from their interdependence with publicly financed health coverage schemes. The report assesses the impact of PHI against health policy objectives, paying special attention to the challenges and benefits associated with different insurance mixes. The analysis identifies strengths as well as areas where private health insurance might pose challenges to health system performance. This report shows how governments can help ensure that PHI markets make a positive contribution to the performance of health systems. Examples of useful practices for developing more efficient and equitable health insurance markets are also presented.
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  • 48
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264020313
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    DDC: 362.6094897
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Finland
    Kurzfassung: This report, part of a series covering around 20 OECD countries, contains a survey of the Finland's main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers, and a set of policy recommendations to further action by public authorities and social partners. These recommendations are designed to alleviate some of the pension and health care pressures governments are facing because of ageing populations.
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  • 49
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264020467
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    DDC: 305.26
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Norway ; Konferenzschrift 2003 ; Konferenzschrift 2003 ; Konferenzschrift 2003 ; Norwegen ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer ; Beschäftigungspolitik
    Kurzfassung: This report, part of a series covering around 20 OECD countries, contains a survey of Norway's main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers, and a set of policy recommendations to further action by public authorities and social partners.  These recommendations are designed to alleviate some of the pension and health care pressures governments are facing because of ageing populations.
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  • 50
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264017382
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi; Korea (Korean version)
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Korea, Republic of
    Kurzfassung: With one of the most rapidly ageing populations in the OECD area, over the longer term, Korea faces the possibility of labour force contraction and related economic problems. This book examines the situation of older workers in Korea and what reforms are needed to keep more of them in the work force. It is part of a series of reports looking at Ageing and Employment Policies in individual OECD countries.
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  • 51
    ISBN: 9789264108707
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (272 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Migration for Employment; Bilateral Agreements at a Crossroads
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Migration for Employment: Bilateral Agreements at a Crossroads
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Beschäftigungspolitik ; Ausländischer Arbeitnehmer ; Einwanderung ; Arbeitsvertrag ; Bilateraler Staatsvertrag
    Kurzfassung: Cette publication dresse un panorama des pratiques des pays de l’OCDE relatives au recrutement de main-d’œuvre étrangère. Elle analyse les obstacles qui peuvent entraver la négociation d’accords de recrutement de main-d’œuvre. Elle présente également les perspectives liées à une éventuelle coopération en matière de migration de main d’œuvre ou de développement dans les pays d’origine. Ce rapport passe tout d’abord en revue les accords bilatéraux et les autres formes de recrutement de main-d'œuvre étrangère dans plusieurs pays de l'OCDE (Allemagne, États-Unis, France, Irlande, Italie, Pologne, République tchèque, Royaume-Uni et Suisse) ainsi qu'aux Philippines et en Roumanie. Il décrit la gestion et la mise en œuvre de ces pratiques, analyse leur impact sur les marchés du travail, le développement économique et les politiques migratoires des pays d'accueil et des pays d'origine. La publication examine aussi les perspectives de développement de ce type de migration. L'annexe contient une liste des principaux accords signés par les pays de l'OCDE, par type de recrutement.
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  • 52
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264015623
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (374 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Le projet de l'OCDE sur la santé
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Towards High-Performing Health Systems; Policy Studies
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Towards High-Performing Health Systems: Policy Studies
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Gesundheitswesen ; Entwicklungsmodell ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Gesundheitswesen ; Qualität ; Effizienz
    Kurzfassung: Cette série de sept études thématiques a été reprise dans le rapport de synthèse du Projet de l’OCDE sur la santé : Vers des systèmes de santé plus performants. Elles dressent un bilan de l’expérience en matière de réforme des systèmes de santé, examinent les stratégies d’amélioration de la qualité technique des soins, étudient les problèmes d’inégalité liée au revenu devant l’accès aux soins, de déséquilibre entre l’offre et la demande de médecins et d’infirmières, de réduction des délais d’attente, pèsent les coûts et les avantages des systèmes privés d’assurance-maladie, et présentent des projections sur l’impact du vieillissement sur les dépenses de santé.
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9789264108370
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (244 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Babies and Bosses - Reconciling Work and Family Life (Volume 3); New Zealand, Portugal and Switzerland
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Babies and Bosses; Políticas de Conciliação da Actividade Profissional e da Vida Familiar (Volume 3); Nova Zelândia, Portugal e Suíça
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Babies and Bosses - Reconciling Work and Family Life (Volume 3): New Zealand, Portugal and Switzerland
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Babies and Bosses: Políticas de Conciliação da Actividade Pro& 64257;ssional e da Vida Familiar (Volume 3): Nova Zelândia, Portugal e Suíça
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; New Zealand ; Portugal ; Switzerland ; Berufstätigkeit ; Kind ; Erziehung ; Familienleben ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Kurzfassung: Cette étude, qui s’inscrit dans une série couvrant différents pays de l’OCDE, examine comment, en Nouvelle-Zélande, au Portugal et en Suisse, les aides directes et fiscales à la garde des enfants et les pratiques des entreprises face à ce problème influent sur le comportement des parents sur le marché du travail et sur la constitution des familles. Elle formule des recommandations de réforme des politiques visant à aider les travailleurs à mieux concilier leurs engagements professionnels et familiaux.
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  • 54
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264015548
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. The Well-being of Nations; The Role of Human and Social Capital
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Du bien-être des nations ; Le rôle du capital humain et social
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. The Well-being of Nations: The Role of Human and Social Capital
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Du bien-être des nations : Le rôle du capital humain et social
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: DIE ROLLE VON HUMAN- UND SOZIALKAPITAL In unserer heutigen, sich rasch wandelnden Welt dürfte der Erfolg von Nationen, Individuen, gesellschaftlichen Gruppen und Gemeinwesen wohl mehr denn je von deren Fähigkeit abhängen, sich dem Wandel anzupassen, Wissen zu erwerben und auszutauschen. Der vorliegende Bericht trägt zur Klärung der Konzepte Human- und Sozialkapital bei und evaluiert deren Einfluss auf Wirtschaftswachstum und Wohlergehen. Der Begriff des Sozialkapitals, der erst seit kurzem in der Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaft existiert, ist bislang noch relativ wenig belegt. Der Bericht stützt sich daher auf eine Reihe empirischer Untersuchungen, die auf potentiell signifikante Beziehungen zwischen Human- und Sozialkapital hindeuten. Den verfügbaren Erkenntnissen zufolge können Human- und Sozialkapital einen entscheidenden Beitrag zu einer ganzen Reihe positiver Ergebnisse leisten, die von höheren Einkommen über stärkeren sozialen Zusammenhalt bis hin zu größerer Lebenszufriedenheit reichen. Auch wenn es keine Belege für systematische „Unterinvestitionen" weder in Human- oder Sozialkapital gibt, werden doch gewisse Bedenken hinsichtlich Verteilung und Qualität beider Kapitalformen geäußert und die Frage untersucht, wie sich diese Aspekte auf das Wohlergehen künftiger Generationen auswirken könnten. Kurzfristig verfügt die staatliche Politik nur über begrenzten Spielraum zur Beeinflussung von Qualität, Niveau und Verteilung des Human- und Sozialkapitals. Langfristig gibt es aber eine Reihe von Bereichen, in denen staatliche, private und ehrenamtliche Akteure zur Verbesserung des Human- und Sozialkapitals beitragen können.
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  • 55
    ISBN: 9789264106130
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Serie: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi/Ageing and Employment Policies
    Serie: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Luxembourg
    Kurzfassung: Pour faire face au vieillissement rapide de la population, il est nécessaire de promouvoir de meilleures opportunités d'emploi pour les travailleurs âgés. On a déjà beaucoup fait état du besoin de réformer les régimes de pension de retraite et de préretraite. Pourtant, cela ne sera sans doute pas suffisant en soi pour relever significativement les taux d'emploi des plus âgés ni pour réduire le risque futur de pénurie de travailleurs. Les autorités publiques et les entreprises doivent sans tarder prendre des mesures pour adapter la fixation des salaires à une main-d'œuvre plus âgée, pour s'attaquer aux discriminations du fait de l'âge et pour améliorer les qualifications et les conditions de travail des travailleurs âgés. En outre, les travailleurs âgés devront changer d’attitude quant à la poursuite de leur activité et à l'acquisition de nouvelles compétences. On sait relativement peu de choses sur ce que les différents pays de l'OCDE sont en train de faire ou devraient faire dans ces domaines. Afin d'y remédier, l'OCDE a lancé une série de rapports dans une vingtaine de pays. Le rapport sur le Luxembourg est le cinquième de cette série, après ceux consacrés à la Suède, à la Belgique, à la Suisse et à l'Espagne. Chaque rapport national fait le tour des principales barrières qui restreignent l'emploi des travailleurs âgés et évalue la pertinence et l'efficacité des mesures existantes pour contrer ces barrières. Enfin, chaque ouvrage présente une série de recommandations sur les politiques que les autorités publiques et les partenaires sociaux devraient mener. Ce rapport, basé sur les actes d'un séminaire, est publié uniquement en français. Cependant, on trouvera dans ce volume la version anglaise du résumé et des principales recommandations.
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  • 56
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 91 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.20
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: The OECD regularly produces estimates of tax burdens and benefit entitlements for a range of “typical household” situations. The results of these calculations (published in the Benefits and Wages and Taxing Wages series) are frequently used to compare countries’ tax-benefit systems and to assess progress towards specific policy objectives. This paper presents information on particular aspects of the structure of household populations across countries in order to help in the interpretation of results based on such “typical” family situations. A range of internationally comparable data sources are used to assess how relevant household circumstances such as family structure, labour market attachment and benefit coverage vary across countries. The results are used as a basis for clarifying the scope of tax-benefit indicators based on synthetically constructed household typologies. “Typical household” calculations cannot be used to address essential distributional issues such as how ...
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  • 57
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 46 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.19
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; European Union
    Kurzfassung: Macro-based effective tax rate (ETR) measures do not provide information on the level or distribution of marginal effective tax rates thought to influence household behaviour. They also do not capture differences in average ETRs facing different population sub-groups. I use EUROMOD, an EUwide tax-benefit model, to derive distributions of average and marginal ETR measures for fourteen countries. Results for each country show how many and which types of individuals face different ETR levels. I consider effective tax burdens on labour income as well as the marginal tax rates faced by working men and women. Results are broken down to isolate the influence of income taxes, social contributions and various types of social benefits ...
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  • 58
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 26 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Technical Papers no.9
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Netherlands
    Kurzfassung: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the ninth in this series, presenting the Dutch SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9789264016415
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Trade and Migration; Building Bridges for Global Labour Mobility
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Trade and Migration: Building Bridges for Global Labour Mobility
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Trade ; GATS ; Außenhandel ; Arbeitsmobilität ; Arbeitnehmer ; Migration
    Kurzfassung: S’inspirant d’un important séminaire organisé récemment par l’OCDE, l’OIM et la Banque Mondiale qui réunissait plus de trois cents responsables des échanges et des migrations, cet ouvrage se penche sur les enjeux des discussions actuelles sur les échanges et les migrations relevant du « mode 4 » dans le cadre des négociations sur les services menées à l’OMC. Il analyse en outre les stratégies possibles pour favoriser une meilleure compréhension entre les décideurs chargés de l’élaboration des politiques commerciales et les responsables chargés des politiques migratoires. Cet ouvrage propose des solutions pour tirer le meilleur parti des mouvements temporaires de prestataires en procurant des gains appréciables aux pays développés comme aux pays en développement.
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  • 60
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264015906
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Serie: Agriculture, Trade and the Environment
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Le secteur laitier
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Trade ; Milchwirtschaft ; Umweltbelastung ; Agrarhandel ; Liberalisierung ; Treibhauseffekt
    Kurzfassung: This OECD study takes an in-depth look at the dairy sector in OECD countries in order to see how agricultural subsidies and environmental policies are impacting the environment and international competitiveness of dairy products.
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  • 61
    ISBN: 9789264104754
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (51 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Asset Building and the Escape from Poverty; A New Welfare Policy Debate
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. La formación de patrimonio y el escape de la pobreza ; Un nuevo debate sobre la política del bienestar social
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. L'asset building e l'uscita dalla povertà; Un nuovo dibattito sulla politica del welfare
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Asset Building and the Escape from Poverty: A New Welfare Policy Debate
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. La formación de patrimonio y el escape de la pobreza : Un nuevo debate sobre la política del bienestar social
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. L'asset building e l'uscita dalla povertà: Un nuovo dibattito sulla politica del welfare
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Kurzfassung: Les pouvoirs publics des pays développés ont recours depuis longtemps à des mesures visant de manière directe ou indirecte (par la biais de la fiscalité) à encourager l’ensemble de la population à se constituer un capital grâce à l’épargne, l’accession à la propriété immobilière, les fonds de pension, l’investissement dans la formation (capital humain) ou l’entreprise. Bien souvent, ces mesures ne bénéficient pas aux pauvres. En effet, l’action publique ne stimule pas l’épargne pour ces catégories, elle a même plutôt un effet dissuasif. Pourtant, ce livre montre que les pauvres ont envie d’épargner et qu'ils parviennent à mettre de côté des sommes modestes, parfois au prix de sacrifices beaucoup plus importants que ne l’imaginent les décideurs et les catégories favorisées. Élargir les politiques de constitution du patrimoine aux pauvres peut être un élément décisif dans la lutte contre la pauvreté et l’aliénation sociale et économique. En terme de bien-être social, ces politiques ont des effets que la garantie de ressources ne saurait à elle seule générer. Cette publication fournit le contexte indispensable à un débat fructueux sur les mérites et les inconvénients de la constitution de patrimoine chez les pauvres. Elle définit les notions fondamentales sur lesquelles reposent les dispositifs de constitution de patrimoine, ainsi que les avantages qu’y voient ses tenants du point de vue de la politique sociale. Enfin, cette publication décrit des programmes et des projets concrets.
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  • 62
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264589360
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Governance in the 21st Century
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. La gouvernance au XXIe siècle
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Governance in the 21st Century (Korean version)
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Mit dem Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts stehen weitere dramatische Umwälzungen in Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft an der Tagesordnung. Das zunehmende Zusammenwachsen internationaler Märkte, die Einführung grundlegend neuer Technologien sowie eine sich verstärkende Wissensintensität menschlicher Tätigkeit deuten auf eine außerordentlich komplexe Welt von morgen. Aber wer soll diese Entwicklungen steuern? Und in welche Bahnen sollen sie gelenkt werden? Welche organisatorischen und institutionellen Voraussetzungen und welche Entscheidungsstrukturen und -prozesse werden auf lokaler, nationaler und globaler Ebene benötigt, um diesen Herausforderungen begegnen zu können?Diese Veröffentlichung untersucht die Chancen und Risiken wirtschaftlicher, gesellschaftlicher und technologischer Natur, denen sich die Entscheidungsträger in den kommenden Jahren zu stellen haben werden, und erforscht die Grundlagen, die es der Gesellschaft erlauben, die Zukunft flexibler und mit der Teilnahme aller gesellschaftlichen Kräfte zu gestalten.
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  • 63
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 51 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Technical Papers no.16
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: This report presents the consensus recommendations of an international expert panel on indicators for health promotion and primary care. Using a structured review process, the panel selected a set of 27 indicators to cover the three key areas health promotion, preventive care and diagnosis and treatment in primary care. The report describes the review process and provides a detailed discussion of the scientific soundness and policy importance of the 27 indicators as follows ...
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  • 64
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 49 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.17
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: This report provides an overview of the limited empirical and theoretical research on take-up of welfare benefits, i.e. the extent to which people eligible for various types of benefits actually receive them. Focus is mainly on entitlement programmes, where take-up reflects both decisions of eligible individuals to apply for benefits and the accuracy of administrative decisions as to whether these individuals should get the benefit in question or not. Estimates of the extent of take-up of welfare benefits are based on a variety of approaches, and typically combine both administrative and survey data. Despite these methodological differences, and the very few OECD countries for which estimates are available, the evidence reviewed in this paper suggests that low take-up of welfare benefits occurs both across countries and programmes. Estimates typically span a range of between 40% and 80% in the case of social assistance and housing programmes, and between 60% and 80% for ...
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  • 65
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 39 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Technical Papers no.3
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Denmark
    Kurzfassung: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the third in this series, presenting the Danish SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 66
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 56 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Working Papers no.10
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Ireland
    Kurzfassung: This paper analyses the Irish private health insurance (PHI) market. It describes how PHI interacts with the public system, and assesses its contribution to equity, efficiency and responsiveness of the health system. The analysis identifies some of the factors affecting insurance market performance and its impact on the health system, including market characteristics, the regulatory and fiscal environment, health system organisation, and any actors’ incentives and behaviours. PHI plays a prominent role in Ireland. The health system is designed to offer comprehensive publicly funded health services to low-income groups, and universal public hospital coverage. Policies have encouraged the development of PHI to provide all individuals with a private alternative to the public system, as well as a means of funding cost-sharing and services not covered by the public system. With the implementation of the requirements of the Third EU Non-Life Directive, the PHI market, historically ...
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9789264055841
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (277 p)
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Ukraine
    Kurzfassung: This study provides a review of the food and agricultural sector in Ukraine. It assesses the current status of the food and agricultural sector with special reference to the agricultural policy regime and the form and level of government support to the sector. The paper reviews the sector’s readiness to compete on open global markets for food and agricultural products. Given the importance and sensitivity of the food and agriculture sector in the country, the report highlights a number of critical issues for the Ukrainian government to address. The report goes beyond the narrower focus of the agricultural policies and reviews the status of current rural physical and social infrastructure and issues of rural poverty. The Executive Summary highlights policy recommendations for Ukrainian policymakers, while the individual chapters provide technical analysis on key policy issues.
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  • 68
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 51 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Technical Papers no.10
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Poland
    Kurzfassung: A project aimed at presenting initial results from the implementation of the System of Health Accounts has been carried by the Health Policy Unit at the OECD and experts from thirteen member countries. The results are presented in the form of a comparative study (OECD Health Working Papers No. 16) and a set of OECD Health Technical Papers presenting individual country studies. This volume is the tenth in this series, presenting the Polish SHA-based health accounts.
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  • 69
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Working Papers no.4
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Policy-makers responsible for publicly-funded drug programmes face continual pressures between the demand to accommodate a steady stream of new and more effective drugs and the ongoing requirement to control costs. In the face of these pressures, a growing number of OECD countries are applying ‘pharmacoeconomic assessment’ (health technology assessment for drugs) - to new drugs to guide decisions about accepting such products for reimbursement under their public programme, or to inform negotiations about pricing. This paper provides an analytical overview of the developing practice of pharmacoeconomic assessment in eleven OECD countries. It looks at the objectives of the activity, some of its processes and some of its impacts. It does this by drawing on a literature review and on an exploratory survey of the activities of pharmacoeconomic agencies in the eleven countries. It also reviews briefly the state of pharmacoeconomic assessment in the United States. The main conclusions are as ...
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  • 70
    ISBN: 9789264099722
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (560 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Biological Resource Management in Agriculture
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    DDC: 631.4
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food
    Kurzfassung: Interest in the quality and health of soil has grown with the recognition that soil is vital not only to production of food and fibre, but also to the smooth functioning of the ecosystem, and overall environmental stability. Strategies for sustainable management include conserving essential soil components, minimising erosion, balancing production with environmental needs, and making better use of renewable resources.
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  • 71
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 62 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.13
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Netherlands
    Kurzfassung: OECD countries are increasingly interested in structuring government organisation and the financing of job brokerage and employment reintegration services to use market forces. In the Netherlands, the introduction of market mechanisms has been part of a search for a more coherent benefits and activation system. The former Public Employment Service has been split up into a basic employment service provider (Centre for Work and Income) which remains public, and a privatised reintegration services company, which competes with other commercial entities for contracts to promote return to work. Since a large number of municipalities are looking to buy employment services for their social assistance clients in the Netherlands, a quasi-market for reintegration services has emerged, with many purchasers and providers. However, the purchasers use a variety of tendering methods and parts of the market suffer from a lack of transparency. Following the outcome of a tender round held in 2000, in 2001 ...
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  • 72
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 106 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.12
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Three main elements characterise the notion of sustainable development: first, a broad view of human well-being, in which environmental and social elements are important as well as economic ones; second, the view that many of the effects of today's decisions will last over time, thereby affecting the well-being of future generations; third, the view that many of today's problems have their roots in actions and policies in other fields, whose unintended consequences may not be coherent with society's broader priorities and aspirations. While particularly relevant in the environment field, Chapter 1 argues that these notions also permeate analysis of a large range of social concerns. This is so in particular because of their intergenerational dimension. Social problems affecting individuals in a given phase of their life-course often influence their opportunities at a later phase, as well as those of their offspring. Most social programmes also represent a form of intergenerational ...
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  • 73
    ISBN: 9789264099258
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (154 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Harnessing Markets for Biodiversity; Towards Conservation and Sustainable Use
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Harnessing Markets for Biodiversity: Towards Conservation and Sustainable Use
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Biodiversität ; Marktwirtschaft ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Kurzfassung: Les pouvoirs publics et les opérateurs du secteur privé s’accordent de plus en plus à reconnaître qu’il est possible de stopper l’érosion de la biodiversité en mobilisant les marchés. Certains de ces produits et services sont déjà commercialisés et procurent des bénéfices. Le fonctionnement des marchés privés doit par ailleurs être appuyé par des politiques publiques appropriées. Ce rapport propose un cadre conceptuel pour la création de marchés dans le domaine de la biodiversité ainsi que plusieurs exemples permettant d’exploiter plus durablement la biodiversité.
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  • 74
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264199217
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (280 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Konferenzschrift 2001 ; Landwirtschaft ; Biodiversität ; Artenreichtum ; Indikator ; Landwirtschaft ; Biodiversität ; Indikator ; Agrarökologie
    Kurzfassung: This book is a collection of papers from the OECD meeting on Agri-biodiversity Indicators held jointly with the EU and international organisations in November 2001, in Zurich-Rechkenhols, Switzerland. A key outcome was to establish a common agri-biodiversity framework that helps understand the complexity of agri-biodiversity linkages. Papers cover the following topics; agricultural genetic resources, wild species, ecosytems, linking habitats to species and an overview of agri-biodiversity indicators. It includes a set of recommendations to OECD with respect to agri-biodiversity.
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  • 75
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264102958
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (132 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Combattre le travail des enfants ; un bilan des politiques
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Combattre le travail des enfants : un bilan des politiques
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Kinderarbeit
    Kurzfassung: Despite progressive ratification of international conventions on that issue, 23% of the world’s children aged 10-14 are at work. This important book seeks to answer fundamental questions about the phenomenon’s economic causes, the working conditions children endure, and implications of their labour for the economic outlook of the countries concerned. It moreover examines the effectiveness of various policies implemented to combat child labour and the beneficial effects such policies can have on economic development.
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  • 76
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Centre for Educational Research and Innovation
    ISBN: 9789264105089
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Disability in Higher Education
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada ; France ; Germany ; Switzerland ; United Kingdom ; Behinderung ; Student ; Integration ; Universität ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Kurzfassung: L’accès aux établissements d’enseignement supérieur est aussi essentiel aux personnes handicapées qu’aux autres. Il s’agit d’offrir à chacun les mêmes chances en matière d’emploi et d’insertion sociale et de réduire la pauvreté. Par ailleurs, les pratiques d’intégration à l’école favorisent aussi une plus grande demande d’accès à l’enseignement supérieur. Cet ouvrage présente un panorama des pratiques du Canada (Ontario), de la France et du Royaume-Uni en la matière, ainsi que des éléments d’information sur la situation en Allemagne et en Suisse.
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  • 77
    ISBN: 9789264019430
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Serie: Etudes du Centre de Développement
    Serie: Études du Centre de développement
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Ownership and Partnership; What Role for Civil Society in Poverty Reduction Strategies?
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Ownership and Partnership: What Role for Civil Society in Poverty Reduction Strategies?
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Afrika ; Armut ; Bekämpfung ; Bürgerliche Gesellschaft
    Kurzfassung: Les Forums des partenaires au développement sont un moyen pour le Comité d’aide au développement de l’OCDE d’offrir aux acteurs de la sphère non gouvernementale une tribune pour exprimer leurs points de vue et apporter leur contribution à l’élaboration des politiques et stratégies de développement. En décembre 2000, le CAD et le Centre de développement ont organisé un Forum consacré aux moyens susceptibles d’être mis en oeuvre pour associer la société civile à l'élaboration des politiques des pouvoirs publics dans les pays en développement et recenser les obstacles pouvant entraver ce processus. Les participants sont convenus que le concours de la société civile à la mise au point des stratégies de lutte contre la pauvreté a été l’un des facteurs importants de leur réussite. Les discussions ont montré que la participation de la société civile à l'élaboration des politiques des pouvoirs publics permet non seulement d’améliorer l’efficacité de sa mise en œuvre, mais en outre contribue à l’avènement de régimes politiques plus démocratiques et pluralistes. La lecture de cet ouvrage est essentielle pour les représentants des organisations de la société civile, les gouvernements des pays de l’OCDE et des pays en développement, ainsi que pour les personnes responsables, au sein d’organisations internationales, de la conception et de la mise en oeuvre de stratégies de lutte contre la pauvreté.
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  • 78
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264299870
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (418 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Liberalising Fisheries Markets; Scope and Effects
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Liberalising Fisheries Markets: Scope and Effects
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Fischhandel ; Liberalisierung ; Außenhandel ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Seefischerei ; Regulierung ; Außenhandel ; Direktinvestition
    Kurzfassung: Cette publication passe en revue les principaux changements qui ont affecté le secteur de la pêche mondiale et présente une analyse en profondeur des perspectives d'avenir et des effets potentiels d'une plus grande libéralisation du marché dans ce secteur. Elle contient également un inventaire des mesures et politiques de marché en place dans les pays de l'OCDE. Il ressort principalement de cette étude qu'il est possible de libéraliser davantage les échanges de poissons et de produits de la mer.
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  • 79
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264104549
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Multifunctionality; The Policy Implications
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Multifunctionality: The Policy Implications
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Governance ; Landwirtschaft ; Nichtproduktionssphäre ; Externer Effekt ; Interdependenz ; Agrarproduktion ; Agrarpolitik
    Kurzfassung: Ce rapport tente de guider les décideurs dans leur recherche des meilleures décisions possibles, compte tenu du caractère multifonctionnel de l’agriculture. Une série de questions détaillées est tout d’abord présentée aux décideurs et aux analystes. Les réponses détermineront si une intervention publique est requise et, si c’est le cas, quelle devrait être sa nature. Reconnaissant que l’information nécessaire peut être considérable, le rapport suggère des procédures à adopter lorsque les données ne sont pas disponibles ou sont peu fiables.
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  • 80
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 30 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.14
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada
    Kurzfassung: Decentralization looms large in any analysis of Canadian economic and social policy. This trend has been especially pronounced in the area of unemployment insurance (UI) and social assistance (SA) programmes. Provinces now manage SA programmes and retain 100% of any cost savings that they achieve, while the Federal government maintains full responsibility for the passive component of UI. Under a series of provincial-federal Labour Market Development Agreements, since 1997 most of Canada's provinces have taken over administrative responsibility for the employment benefit and support measures (EBSMs) targeted on UI beneficiaries. A number of articles have examined the implications for provincial SA systems of restrictive measures in the UI programme. This paper examines the possibility that provinces may shift actual and potential SA clients onto the insurance system (now called employment insurance, EI). It concludes that within the context of EBSMs, any cost-shifting of this ...
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  • 81
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 89 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.5
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: The International Labour Organization (ILO) estimates that 19% of children aged 5-14 in Asia and the Pacific are economically active (ILO, 2002). These 127.3 million children constitute 60% of all child labourers worldwide. The aim of this study is to better understand child labour in South Asia through in-depth case studies of the child labour experience in three countries: Nepal, Pakistan, and Vietnam. Several themes about child labour emerge in examining data from these three countries. First, any discussion of child labour needs to consider wage work as well as unpaid work including household production activities. Children who work in one type of activity are more likely to work in other activities as well. Thus, focusing on only one aspect of child employment seriously understates child labour supply. Second, there is some evidence of important substitutions of child and adult labour across different household activities that may be very costly for the welfare of the ...
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  • 82
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 50 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Working Papers no.8
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia
    Kurzfassung: Despite universal public insurance coverage, private health insurance (PHI) covers almost half of the Australian population – a high coverage rate in comparison with most other OECD countries. Reflecting the belief that a well-functioning health care system should be based on a mixed system of insurance and provision, Australia’s policy makers have encouraged the development of private financing and delivery arrangements operating in parallel to the public system. PHI is seen as a vehicle for enhancing individuals’ choice of provider and care options, and for reducing cost and demand pressures on public hospitals. Policy makers have intervened substantially in the private health insurance market. Regulation has promoted risk-pooling and incentive policies have stimulated the purchase of private cover. This paper analyses the Australian private health insurance market. It describes how PHI interacts with the public system, and assesses its contribution to equity, efficiency and ...
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  • 83
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 64 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.15
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Fertility rates have declined in most OECD countries to levels that are well below those needed to secure generation replacement. While attitudes towards this decline in fertility rates differ across countries, several OECD governments have introduced — or are considering — specific measures aimed at countering it. Such measures are often justified by government’s wish of either reducing some of the negative consequences of population ageing for society as a whole, or of removing obstacles that discourage those women wishing to have more children from doing so, because of the negative economic consequences of childbearing and of the length of the associated responsibilities. This paper provides a comparative overview of the evidence about the size, timing and nature of this decline in fertility rate across “mature” OECD countries, and about the effects of different measures introduced to deal with it. The first chapter of this paper reviews a range of indicators of the fertility ...
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  • 84
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 124 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Working Papers no.3
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: The Ageing-Related Diseases study compares treatment trends and health outcomes on a disease-by-disease basis. Most of the day-to-day decisions that determine health care system performance are made in treating specific diseases. Therefore, the ARD’s bottom-up approach to comparing health care system performance at the disease level, rather than the more common top-down approach, goes to the heart of health care system performance. This paper presents such an analysis for ischaemic heart disease. There is considerable variation in treatment trends for the same diseases across countries and much of this variation can be explained by differences in structural characteristics of health care systems. A disease-level analysis begins with an examination of these characteristics: the economic incentives, policies and regulations that affect individual providers’ decisions for treating a specific disease, defining a particular health care system’s approach. In order to properly assess ...
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  • 85
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264299542
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (284 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Développement économique et création d'emplois locaux (LEED)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. The Non-profit Sector in a Changing Economy
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. El sector sin fines de lucro en una economía cambiante
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Kurzfassung: Qu’il s’agisse de la pression économique grandissante, de la réforme de l’État-providence, de l’essor de la société civile ou de la démocratie participative, les récentes tendances socio-économiques ont souligné l’importance croissante du secteur à but non lucratif dans les pays de l’OCDE. Ce secteur a été confronté à un nombre important de nouveaux défis. Parmi eux figure la volonté d’introduire des critères de management rigoureux tout en conservant d’une part la dimension sociale propre au secteur et en stimulant, d’autre part, l’innovation sociale. Ce rapport offre un bilan détaillé des nouveaux développements les plus importants dans les pays de l’Union européenne, aux États-Unis, au Canada, au Mexique et en Australie. Il propose également une étude minutieuse des outils et méthodes utilisés pour financer et évaluer ce secteur d’activités sociales et économiques. Cet ouvrage est destiné aux décideurs et chercheurs dans le secteur des entreprises.
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  • 86
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 73 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.10
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: There is a wide consensus that workforce skills are an important determinant for economic growth. Alongside initial education, continuous education and training (hereafter referred to as CET) plays a key role in meeting these skill needs. This report examines possible positive impacts of CET on workers’ performance, and discusses some policy issues with a special focus on the role of the social partners. Access to CET is associated with workers’ characteristics and literacy level Over and above international differences in training participation – with the Nordic countries showing the highest participation rates – access to CET appears to be consistently unequal across socioeconomic groups. In all the countries reviewed, the low-educated and older workers are under-represented in firm-training programmes. The incidence of CET is also positively associated with workers’ literacy levels. Importantly, the erosion of literacy with age seems to be slower in countries with high training ...
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  • 87
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 54 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.11
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Switzerland
    Kurzfassung: In most OECD countries, the structure of the pension system does not give much potential for individual choice. The Swiss pension system is a particularly interesting case in this respect. Switzerland relies heavily on privately-managed, fully-funded pensions, which employers are obliged to provide. The employees have only a very limited range of individual choice within this system and there has been increasing political pressure to give members more control over their benefits. More choice would increase competition among funds, lead to higher returns on investment of pension funds, improve customer services and result in higher member satisfaction due to more tailored benefit packages. This paper examines the choices currently available to members of occupational pension schemes in Switzerland and how they are making use of these options. It goes on to consider which expansions in choice might be desirable and what obstacles may be in the way of such changes. A particular ...
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  • 88
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 46 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.8
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Most countries give income-tax concessions to older people relative to people of working age. Some treat pension income more favourably than earnings, and most do not levy social security contributions on older people. These policies mean that the direct tax burden of older people is lower than that carried by people of working age. At an income equivalent to economy-wide average earnings, for example, the average tax burden (in the nine countries studied) is ten percentage points lower for pensioners than it is for workers. Therefore differences in taxes between pensioners and workers are an important way in which governments support people during their retirement. This is measured by the effect on net replacement rates: the value of pension benefits for a full-career worker relative to earnings when in work. On average, one fifth of the net replacement rate for a worker on average earnings is due to tax differentials rather than the pension system. This paper provides the first ...
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  • 89
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 80 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Working Papers no.1
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: This study presents the results of a joint analysis of patterns of consumption, expenditure, and unit expenditure for a core set of drugs aimed at preventing and treating cardiovascular disease. The current study examines the relationships among three pharmaceutical variables (expenditure, volume of drug use, and unit expenditure) classified according to eight therapeutic categories which are specific for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease and stroke. It covers an 11-year time period, and specifies relevant country-specific structural features in a sample of 12 OECD countries. The data presented in this report show how the three descriptive pharmaceutical variables vary across these countries. The study also contains a preliminary exploration of factors associated with variation in these variables across countries and through time. Findings for each of the eight cardiovascular disease and stroke drug therapeutic categories investigated in this study are ...
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  • 90
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264199972
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    DDC: 331.39809485
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden ; Schweden ; Beschäftigungspolitik ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer
    Kurzfassung: With rapidly aging populations, old-age pension reform and early-retirement schemes alone may not suffice to provide adequate employment opportunities. Additional measures will clearly be needed on wage scales, job discrimination, skills acquisition, and working conditions. Attitudes will also have to change about working later in life. Little is known, however, about what countries have been or should be doing on those issues. This report on Sweden begins a series of around 20 OECD country reports intended to fill the gap. Each contains a survey of the main employment barriers confronting older people, an assessment of existing remedial measures, and policy recommendations for further action.
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  • 91
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264299481
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Examens de l'OCDE des systèmes de santé
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Health Care Systems; Korea 2003
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Korea, Republic of
    Kurzfassung: Comment faire pour améliorer la performance du système de santé coréen ? Y a-t-il eu des changements sur ce plan à la suite des réformes du secteur de la santé mises en œuvre en juillet 2000 ? Comment préserver une certaine équité en matière de financement et d’accès aux soins dans un système où les dépenses de santé sont, dans une large mesure, laissées à la responsabilité des usagers ? Sous quelle forme et par quels moyens le gouvernement doit-il intervenir pour accroître la rationalité financière de dépenses de santé en hausse ? Comment peut-il favoriser le recours à la médecine factuelle dans un système où le secteur privé est dominant ? Peut-on compter sur la responsabilité des usagers pour éviter une explosion des dépenses de santé ? Telles sont, entre autres, les questions abordées dans cet ouvrage qui cherche à élucider les enjeux de santé publique et la politique à mener dans un système mixte public-privé.
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  • 92
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 75 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Working Papers no.7
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Waiting times for elective surgery are a significant health policy concern in approximately half of all OECD countries. The main objectives of the OECD Waiting Times project were to: i) review policy initiatives to reduce waiting times in 12 OECD countries; and ii) to investigate the causes of variations in waiting times for non-emergency surgery across countries. The first objective was addressed in an earlier report (Hurst and Siciliani, 2003; OECD Health Working paper, n.6). This report is devoted to the second objective. An interesting feature of OECD countries is that while some countries report significant waiting, others do not. Waiting times are a serious health policy issue in the 12 countries involved in this project (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom). Waiting times are not recorded administratively in a second group of countries ...
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  • 93
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 56 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Health Working Papers no.6
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Waiting times for elective (non-urgent) surgery are a main health policy concern in approximately half of OECD countries. Mean waiting times for elective surgical procedures are above three months in several countries and maximum waiting times can stretch into years. They generate dissatisfaction for the patients and among the general public. Is there a solution? This report discusses the waiting-time phenomenon and provides a comparative analysis of policies to tackle waiting times across 12 OECD countries. At worst, waiting times can lead to deterioration in health, loss of utility and extra costs. However, one surprising result is that there is little evidence of health deterioration from a review of studies of patients waiting for a few months for different elective procedures across a range of countries. Moreover, such patients are quite tolerant of short and moderate waits, although the general public often expresses more concern about waiting. It is argued that there will be both ...
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  • 94
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264199873
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (388 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. La libéralisation du secteur de la pêche ; Sa portée et ses effets
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Trade ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: This publication reviews the significant changes that have taken place in the world fisheries sector and provides an in-depth analysis of the prospects for and potential effects of further market liberalisation in the sector. It also contains an inventory of market measures and policies in place in OECD countries. A principal outcome of the study is that there is room for further market liberalisation in the trade in fish and fish products.
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  • 95
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 80 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.4
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: This paper presents an overview of child labour in Africa. It discusses the incidence and nature of child labour, possible causes, and actual and potential policy instruments. It answers some questions and raises others. Africa has the highest incidence of child labour in the world. While child labour has been declining in Asia and Latin America, economic decline, war, famine and HIV/AIDS have combined to prevent this in Africa. Contrary to the popular image of child labour in factories managed by Dickensian employers, the overwhelming majority of working children in Africa are employed on household-run farms and enterprises. Recent theoretical and policy-level discussion has neglected to recognise the implications of this fact. Thus, for example, considerable attention has been dedicated to consideration of the impact on child labour of minimum wages or trade sanctions when, given the nature of work performed by most children in Africa (and, indeed, by the majority in other ...
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  • 96
    ISBN: 9789264102583
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Serie: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi/Ageing and Employment Policies
    Serie: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Switzerland
    Kurzfassung: Pour faire face au vieilllissement rapide de la population, il est nécessaire de promouvoir de meilleures opportunités d'emploi pour les travailleurs âgés. On a déjà beaucoup fait état du besoin de réformer les régimes de pension de retraite et de préretraite. Pourtant, cela ne sera sans doute pas suffisant en soi pour relever significativement les taux d'emploi des plus âgés ni pour réduire le risque futur de pénurie de travailleurs. Les autorités publiques et les entreprises doivent sans tarder prendre des mesures pour adapter la fixation des salaires à une main-d'œuvre plus âgée, pour s'attaquer aux discriminations du fait de l'âge et pour améliorer les qualifications et les conditions de travail des travailleurs âgés. Un changement d'attitude s'impose aussi de la part des travailleurs âgés quant au travail à un âge plus tardif et à l'acquisition de nouvelles compétences. On sait relativement peu de choses sur ce que les différents pays de l'OCDE sont en train de faire ou devraient faire dans ces domaines. Afin d'y remédier, l'OCDE a lancé une série de rapports dans une vingtaine de pays. Le rapport sur la Suisse est le troisième de cette série. Chaque rapport national fait le tour des principales barrières qui existent concernant l'emploi des travailleurs âgés, évalue la pertinence et l'efficacité des mesures existantes pour contrer ces barrières et présente une série de recommandations sur les politiques que les autorités publiques et les partenaires sociaux devraient mener.
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  • 97
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264299443
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Beyond Rhetoric; Adult Learning Policies and Practices
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Beyond Rhetoric: Adult Learning Policies and Practices
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Bildungspolitik ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Berufliche Fortbildung ; Qualifikation ; Förderung
    Kurzfassung: S'inspirant de l'expérience de neuf pays de l'OCDE -- le Canada, le Danemark, l'Espagne, la Finlande, la Norvège, le Portugal, le Royaume-Uni (Angleterre), la Suède et la Suisse --, cette publication a pour objet de repérer ce qui fonctionne en matière de formation pour adultes. Les caractéristiques souhaitables d'un système de formation pour adultes sont définies et les divers moyens de motiver les adultes à apprendre sont examinés, ainsi que les méthodes susceptibles de fournir les services adéquats. Cet ouvrage sera indispensable aux décideurs et à tous ceux qui s'emploient à former des adultes.
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  • 98
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264104174
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (185 p.)
    Serie: Agriculture, Trade and the Environment
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Le secteur porcin
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Trade ; Agrarpolitik ; Schweinezucht ; Umweltbelastung ; Biodiversität ; Schweinefleischproduktion ; Schweinefleischmarkt ; Liberalisierung
    Kurzfassung: This study takes an in-depth look at the pig sector in OECD countries and draws some conclusions about the most appropriate forms of policy intervention. It argues that liberalising trade is likely to generate some environmental benefits.
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  • 99
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264105751
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Schlagwort(e): Alternde Bevölkerung ; Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Spanien ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Spain
    Kurzfassung: This report, part of a series covering around 20 OECD countries, contains a survey of Spain's main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers, and a set of policy recommendations to further action by public authorities and social partners. These recommendations are designed to alleviate some of the pension and health care pressures governments are facing because of ageing populations.
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  • 100
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264099241
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Mobiliser les marchés au service de la biodiversité ; Pour une politique de conservation et d'exploitation durable
    DDC: 333.9516
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Electronic books
    Kurzfassung: The private provision of biodiversity products and services is proving to be quite feasible in some circumstances. Some biodiversity products and services are already being profitably marketed. Private markets also need to be supported by appropriate public policies. This publication provides a conceptual framework for market creation in the biodiversity policy arena, as well as several examples of where the use of markets can assist policy makers in the search for more sustainable use and conservation of biodiversity.
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