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  • OECD  (45)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Responsible business conduct implications of Russia's invasion of Ukraine (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses on the Impacts of the War in Ukraine
    Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility ; Unternehmenspolitik ; Kriegsfolgen ; Ukraine ; Russland ; Economics
    Abstract: Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has had devastating impacts on the people of Ukraine. The consequences stemming from the war have imperilled the world's economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and are reshaping and disrupting global supply chains, with ramifications for food security, energy, and other critical sectors. The war has also put a spotlight on the role of businesses operating in the region, facing heightened challenges in maintaining responsible business conduct (RBC) in high-risk settings. In this highly dynamic context, businesses should consider risks of being linked or contributing to adverse impacts on people, planet and society via their operations or business relationships. This note takes stock of how Russia’s war against Ukraine has had an impact on and shaped considerations for RBC.
    DOI: 10.1787/f222a4d1-en
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on insurance markets (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (22 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Business and Finance Policy Papers no.12
    Keywords: Kriegsfolgen ; Versicherungsmarkt ; Russland ; Ukraine ; Welt ; Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This note assesses the immediate impact of Russia’s large-scale aggression against Ukraine on global insurance markets. It addresses direct impacts of the war on the industry, such as losses arising in certain specialty lines and restrictions on the provision of insurance services, and indirect impacts, such as increased macroeconomic and financial market volatility, that in turn affects insurers.
    DOI: 10.1787/731d1305-en
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Disinformation and Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine : Threats and governance responses (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (33 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses on the Impacts of the War in Ukraine
    Keywords: Krieg ; Politische Kommunikation ; Manipulation ; Russland ; Ukraine ; Science and Technology ; Governance ; Ukraine
    Abstract: This paper provides an overview of how the Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine illustrates immediate threats posed by disinformation, as well as governance responses to countering it. It focuses on disinformation in relation to the Russian armed aggression of Ukraine, including actors, tools and narratives used to justify the invasion and maintain support for the war. The paper also identifies government efforts to counter the spread of disinformation, including efforts to ensure the spread of accurate content, promote international co-operation, and support civil society and media actors to build resilience to the spread of false and misleading content.
    DOI: 10.1787/37186bde-en
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The impacts and policy implications of Russia’s aggression against Ukraine on agricultural markets (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (12 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses on the Impacts of the War in Ukraine
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Effets de l’agression russe contre l’Ukraine sur les marchés agricoles et conséquences pour l’action publique
    Keywords: Kriegsfolgen ; Agrarmarkt ; Agraraußenhandel ; Ernährungssicherung ; Lebensmittelpreis ; Russland ; Ukraine ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: Russia’s aggression against Ukraine has been since February 2022 undermining the latter’s capacity to harvest and export crops. A reduction in export capacity from Ukraine and Russia, and rising energy and fertiliser prices are pushing up international food prices, thereby threatening global food security. Findings presented in this brief suggest that the full loss of Ukraine’s capacity to export together with a 50% reduction in Russian wheat export could lead to a 34% increase in international wheat prices in the marketing year 2022/23.
    DOI: 10.1787/0030a4cd-en
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The supply of critical raw materials endangered by Russia’s war on Ukraine (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (8 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses on the Impacts of the War in Ukraine
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe L’approvisionnement des matières premières critiques est compromis par l’offensive russe en Ukraine
    Keywords: Rohstoff ; Rohstoffversorgung ; Rohstoffmarkt ; Kriegsfolgen ; Exportbeschränkung ; Sanktion ; Russland ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Trade
    Abstract: Severe disruptions to global markets caused by Russia’s war on Ukraine have exposed vulnerabilities to the security of the supply of raw materials critical for industrial production and for the green transition. These supply chain vulnerabilities are the result of export restrictions, bilateral dependencies, a lack of transparency and persistent market asymmetries, including the concentration of production in just a few countries. A collective and co-ordinated approach among OECD countries can contribute to economic security, while preserving the benefits of open markets and a rules-based international trading system.
    DOI: 10.1787/e01ac7be-en
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    International investment implications of Russia’s war against Ukraine (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (28 Seiten) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Krieg ; Kriegsfolgen ; Auslandsinvestition ; Russland ; Ukraine ; Welt ; Finance and Investment ; Ukraine
    Abstract: Russia’s war against Ukraine has triggered unprecedented policy responses around the globe. These policy measures, as well as decisions by multinational companies, raise manifold implications for international investment policy, and capital and investment flows. This report provides an overview of the implications, both immediate and longer-term, in what remains a quickly evolving environment.
    DOI: 10.1787/a24af3d7-en
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impacts of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on financial market conditions and resilience : Assessment of global financial markets (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (68 Seiten) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Krieg ; Kriegsfolgen ; Internationaler Finanzmarkt ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Russland ; Ukraine ; Welt ; Finance and Investment ; Ukraine
    Abstract: This report assesses the immediate impact of Russia’s war against the people of Ukraine on global financial markets, and the continuing potential for spillovers into those markets. While the war has not yet caused a number of existing vulnerabilities to fully crystallise, high levels of uncertainty remain, driven by heightened geopolitical tensions. The report reviews a range of interrelated channels which could transmit shocks from Russia’s war to global financial markets, from direct exposures across sectors, to the effects of higher commodity prices, and impacts on investor sentiment. In doing so, it underlines areas within the financial system where enhanced scrutiny from supervisors and policy makers may be necessary to manage the elevated risks arising from the war going forward.
    DOI: 10.1787/879c9322-en
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Weathering Economic Storms in Central Asia : Initial Impacts of the War in Ukraine (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264389038
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (58 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Wirtschaftslage ; Kriegsfolgen ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Zentralasien ; Ukraine ; Russland ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Trade
    Abstract: Russia’s war against Ukraine and the international sanctions introduced against the former have had an unexpectedly mild impact on Central Asia, despite the region’s deep economic dependence on its northern neighbour. Notwithstanding high inflation, the five Central Asian states – Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan – have so far shown surprising resilience to the economic headwinds: remittances registered record-high figures in the first half of 2022, national currencies quickly rebounded to pre-war levels after an initial drop, and an influx of skilled workers boosted demand for services and hospitality. However, as the medium-term effects of the sanctions against Russia, the global cost-of-living crisis, and China’s economic slowdown start to unfold, Central Asia is faced with lingering uncertainty. This publication provides an assessment of the short-term effects of Russia’s war on Central Asian economies and the policy responses provided. It also analyses the challenges ahead and formulates policy recommendations to make Central Asian economies more resilient and diversified.
    DOI: 10.1787/83348924-en
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Russian Federation 2021 (Second Round, Phase 1) : Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264677036
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (130 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Russland ; Taxation ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: This publication contains the 2021 Second Round Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of the Russian Federation. It refers to Phase 1 only (Legal and Regulatory Framework).
    DOI: 10.1787/385973ef-en
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective – MAP Peer Review Report, Russian Federation (Stage 2) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264874541
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (95 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Russland ; Taxation ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 2 peer monitoring of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by the Russian Federation.
    DOI: 10.1787/fe683c93-en
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective – MAP Peer Review Report, Russian Federation (Stage 1) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264625556
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (71 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: Russian Federation (stage 1)
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Russland ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 1 peer review of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by the Russian Federation.
    DOI: 10.1787/4599c8b2-en
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Russian Federation: Key Issues and Policies (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264232907 , 9789264246577
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (250 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Russian Federation
    Keywords: KMU ; Mittelstandspolitik ; Russland ; Industry and Services ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: This publication examines the major policy challenges, achievements and next steps for the creation of a more entrepreneurial population and a stronger SME sector in the Russian Federation, which are critical to the country’s economic growth and diversification. Despite less regulatory burdens and more subsidy financing for start-ups, production modernisation, innovation and exporting, framework conditions need to be improved in areas such as the rule of law, commercialising science and improving entrepreneurial skills and education. Gaps in SME and entrepreneurship programmes also need to be filled, such as through new initiatives for high-growth firms and large firm-SME linkages. Strengthening business development services infrastructure and improving access to finance are further important challenges. All these improvements will need to be spread across the regions of the Russian Federation if national objectives for growth and balanced spatial development are to be met.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264232907-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes Peer Reviews: Russian Federation 2014 : Phase 2: Implementation of the Standard in Practice (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264223103
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews: Russian Federation 2014
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Russland ; Taxation ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: This report contains the 2014 “Phase 2: Implementation of the Standards in Practice” Global Forum review of the Russian Federation. The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 120 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264223103-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes Peer Reviews: Russian Federation 2012 : Phase 1: Legal and Regulatory Framework (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264181724
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Russland ; Taxation ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Steuer ; Internationale Kooperation ; Informationspolitik
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 100 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264181724-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Reviews of Health Systems: Russian Federation 2012 (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264168091
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Systems
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of health systems
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Russland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Gesundheitspolitik
    Abstract: This review examines some of the possible reasons for poor population health in Russia and explores possible impediments to further improvements. In doing so it examines the current health system against the background of the reforms put in place in the 1990s and recent policy efforts to correct some of the most important difficulties. It also identifies some of the strengths and weaknesses of existing arrangements.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264168091-en
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies: Russian Federation 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264118720
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies; Russian Federation 2011; (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies: Russian Federation 2011: (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of labour market and social policies
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarkt ; Arbeitsmarktsegmentation ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik ; Russland ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Arbeitsmarktsegmentierung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik
    Abstract: The global financial crisis interrupted a protracted period of strong economic growth in the Russian Federation. Despite a large decline in output, job losses and hikes in unemployment remained rather modest, and much of the labour market adjustment took place through reduced working hours and, in particular, real wages. Notwithstanding the recent recovery, the Russian labour market remains characterised by significant structural imbalances resulting in widespread segmentation and large earnings inequalities. To improve the balance between labour market flexibility and the protection of workers, the Russian Federation needs to reinforce its labour market institutions.Poverty and income inequalities remain well above the OECD average. Family policy is focused on increasing birth rates, but is ineffective in reducing poverty as working adults and children make up 60% of the poor. Instead, social policy is focused on the elderly and disabled, and in recent years there has been significant increases in transfer payments to pensioners. Recent reform is likely to “eradicate” poverty among pensioners, as measured by official benchmarks, but raises questions about the long-term financial sustainability of the private pensions system. Rapid population ageing further contributes to the need to raise the low standard pensionable ages in Russia and limit access to early pensions. The challenge for Russia will be to rebalance its social policy towards more effective support for parents to combine work and family life.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264118720-en
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Globalisation and Emerging Economies : Brazil, Russia, India, Indonesia, China and South Africa (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264044814
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (454 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Globalisation and emerging economies
    DDC: 330.9172/4
    RVK:
    QG 020
    RVK:
    QM 000
    Keywords: Internationale Wirtschaft ; Außenwirtschaftspolitik ; Globalisierung ; Schwellenländer ; Brasilien ; Russland ; Indien ; Indonesien ; China ; Südafrika ; Trade ; Brazil ; China, People’s Republic ; India ; Indonesia ; Russian Federation ; South Africa ; Schwellenländer ; Globalisierung ; Außenwirtschaft ; Schwellenländer ; Globalisierung ; Außenwirtschaftspolitik ; Brasilien ; Russland ; Indien ; Indonesien ; China ; Südafrika ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Außenhandel ; Globalisierung
    Abstract: OECD countries still dominate the world economy, but their share of world trade dropped from 73% in 1992 to 64% in 2005, and some of the world’s most important economies are not members of the OECD. Foremost among these are the so-called BRIICS: Brazil, Russia, India, Indonesia, China and South Africa. This book analyses key elements of the trade performance of the BRIICS in relation to the rest of the world, focusing on trade and other policies influencing that performance. Developments in global trade policy are reviewed, notably the impact of preferential trade agreements on the multilateral system and patterns of world trade are described using both indices that reveal networks of trading relations and more standard modeling results. As well as the global analysis, the book also presents a separate chapter for each of the BRIICS, examining the key development and trade issues in each of the six countries over the past few years.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264044814-en
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Russian Federation 2008 : Strengthening the Policy Framework for Investment (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264045989
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement ; Fédération de Russie 2008 ; Renforcer le cadre politique pour l'investissement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement : Fédération de Russie 2008 : Renforcer le cadre politique pour l'investissement
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Russian Federation
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Russland ; Finance and Investment ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Direktinvestition ; Investitionspolitik
    Abstract: In 2007, Russia’s international investment flows reached record highs, making Russia one of the world’s largest recipients and sources of FDI. Russia's potential for attracting even more international investment can be improved by strengthening beneficial competition and offering additional opportunities for investment. Disseminating international standard business practices among Russian firms can also boost the country's creditworthiness and reliability as inward and outward investors. Based on the OECD's Policy Framework for Investment, the overview of Russia's energy investment policy identifies different policies critical for coping with the country's huge energy investment needs and sector-specific challenges.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264045989-en
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Globalisation and emerging economies : Brazil, Russia, India, Indonesia, China and South Africa (2008)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264044814 , 9781282102873
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei) , graph. Darst.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. UK MyiLibrary 2009 Electronic reproduction
    Edition: Also available in print
    Edition: Also available online
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Globalisation and emerging economies
    DDC: 330.9172/4
    RVK:
    QG 020
    RVK:
    QM 000
    Keywords: Globalization ; Indonesia Economic conditions 21st century ; India Economic conditions 21st century ; Russia Economic conditions 21st century ; South Africa Economic conditions 21st century ; Developing countries Economic conditions 21st century ; China Economic conditions 21st century ; Brazil Economic conditions 21st century ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Schwellenländer ; Globalisierung ; Außenwirtschaft ; Außenwirtschaftspolitik ; Brasilien ; Russland ; Indien ; Indonesien ; China ; Südafrika ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Außenhandel
    Abstract: This book analyzes key elements of the trade performance of Brazil, Russia, India, Indonesia, China and South Africa (the BRIICS) in relation to the rest of the world, focusing on trade and other policies influencing that performance. Developments in global trade policy are reviewed, notably the impact of preferential trade agreements on the multilateral system, and patterns of world trade are described using both indices that reveal networks of trading relations and more standard modeling results. As well as the global analysis, the book also presents a separate chapter for each of the BRIICS, examining the key development and trade issues in each of the six countries over the past few years.--Publisher's description
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Also available online. , Also available in print. , Electronic reproduction
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264044814-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fédération de Russie : pour une politique de l'investissement plus transparente (2007)
    Paris : OCDE
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 127 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Russian Federation 2006: Enhancing Policy Transparency
    Keywords: Russland ; Investitionsförderung ; Auslandsinvestition ; Direktinvestition
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Russian Federation : enhancing policy transparency
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264025950-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Intergovernmental Transfers for Environmental Infrastructure : Lessons from Armenia, the Russian Federation and Ukraine (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264025042
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104 p.)
    Series Statement: Environmental Finance
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Intergovernmental transfers for environmental infrastructure
    Keywords: Umweltschutzinvestition ; Finanzausgleich ; Armenien ; Russland ; Ukraine ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Armenia ; Russian Federation ; Ukraine ; Russland ; Armenien ; Ukraine ; Umweltschutz ; Investition ; Haushaltsplan ; Gemeindefinanzwirtschaft
    Abstract: This report draws on three detailed case studies from Armenia, the Russian Federation and Turkey and on the experience of OECD countries to provide guidance on how transfers from central budgets to local authorities could be designed to finance environmental infrastructures in transition economies. The report also investigates mechanisms for transferring financial resources for water services from higher to lower levels of government.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264025042-en
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Local Capital Markets for Environmental Infrastructure : Prospects in China, Kazakhstan, Russian Federation and Ukraine (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264035966
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (254 p.)
    Series Statement: Environmental Finance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Local capital markets for environmental infrastructure
    RVK:
    QT 200
    Keywords: Regionaler Finanzsektor ; Umweltschutzinvestition ; China ; Kasachstan ; Russland ; Ukraine ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; China, People’s Republic ; Kazakhstan ; Russian Federation ; Ukraine ; China ; Kasachstan ; Ukraine ; Russland ; Investition ; Umweltschutz ; Kreditmarkt
    Abstract: Transition and emerging economies have difficulties developing their financial markets to a level that would provide access to long-term debt finance at an affordable cost. This report examines opportunities beyond the public sector for financing water and other environmental infrastructure. Specifically, opportunities for accessing savings through private financial and capital markets have been examined. The report identifies bottlenecks to the development of local financial markets for environmental infrastructure and discusses policy recommendations to tackle them.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264035966-en
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Reform and Challenges for Private Pensions in Russia (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264013872
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (98 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Private Pensions Series no.7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sycheva, Lyudmila Reform and challenges for private pensions in Russia
    RVK:
    QX 400
    Keywords: Rentenreform ; Private Altersvorsorge ; Russland ; Finance and Investment ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Rentenversicherung ; Private Altersversorgung ; Russland ; Private Altersversorgung
    Abstract: The Russian Federation has undergone a major reform of the pension system which has resulted in a shift from a single, publicly managed system to one supplemented by a mandatory, privately managed occupational funded component and voluntary pension arrangements. The reform aimed to tackle a set of problems of demographic, social and economic order inherent to retirement income provision and was viewed as a way to improve old-age security of retirees in Russia by ensuring long-term financial and fiscal stability of the pension system and adequacy of pension benefits. This book examines these reforms and new challenges related to the reforms. Most prominent among the challenges is the need to further strengthen the pension system regulatory capacity and enforcement powers of the authorities in charge of the oversight of private pension institutions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264013872-en
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Russian Federation 2006 : Enhancing Policy Transparency (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264025936
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (114 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement ; Fédération de Russie 2006 ; Pour une politique de l'investissement plus transparente
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement : Fédération de Russie 2006 : Pour une politique de l'investissement plus transparente
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Russian Federation
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Russland ; Finance and Investment ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: Despite recent growth, the volume of Russia’s international investment remains modest compared with major OECD countries. The recent upsurge of inward foreign direct investment (FDI) has not yet translated into a significant share of FDI in GDP and total investment. This 2006 OECD Investment Policy Review of the Russian Federation examines developments in Russia's regulatory investment environment since the publication of the 2004 Review, focusing on investment policy transparency and effective implementation. It includes recommendations to move capital control reform forward, to adopt least-restrictive approaches to legislation on "strategic sectors" and to strengthen Russia's international investment agreements.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264025936-en
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Reform and challenges for private pensions in Russia (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264013873
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Private Pensions Series no.7
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Series Statement: Private pensions series
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Reform and challenges for private pensions in Russia
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sycheva, Lyudmila Reform and challenges for private pensions in Russia
    RVK:
    QX 400
    Keywords: Rentenreform ; Private Altersvorsorge ; Russland ; Russland ; Rentenversicherung ; Private Altersversorgung ; Russland ; Private Altersversorgung
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264013872-en
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Russie : Établir les règles pour le marché (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform: Russia 2005: Building Rules for the Market
    Keywords: Russland ; Marktwirtschaft ; Interventionismus
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264011250-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Optimising Russian Natural Gas : Reform and Climate Policy (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264109872
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (250 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Optimising Russian natural gas
    RVK:
    QG 480
    RVK:
    QR 534
    RVK:
    QT 200
    Keywords: Rahmenübereinkommen der Vereinten Nationen über Klimaänderungen ; Gaswirtschaft ; Erdgasvorkommen ; Gasversorgung ; Umweltbelastung ; Klimaschutz ; Internationale Umweltpolitik ; Russland ; Klimaänderung ; Umweltschutz ; Energiequelle ; Energieträger ; Erdgas ; Schadstoffemission ; Reduktion ; Rückgang ; Implementation ; Natürliche Ressourcen ; Umweltzertifikathandel ; Treibhausgas ; Methan ; Energy ; Russland ; Russland ; Energieeinsparung ; Technologie ; Umweltpolitik ; Erdgasproduktion
    Abstract: The world’s largest gas producer and exporter, Russia has an enormous energy saving potential. At least 30 billion cubic meters – a fifth of Russian exports to European OECD countries -- could be saved every year by enhanced technology or energy efficiency. As the era of cheap gas in Russia comes to an end, this potential saving is increasingly important for Russians and importing countries. This book analyses and estimates the potential savings and the associated reductions in greenhouse gas emissions that could be achieved in the oil extraction (flaring), gas transmission and distribution sectors. It also describes Russia’s emerging climate policy and institutional framework, including work still ahead before the country is eligible for the Kyoto Protocol’s flexibility mechanisms and can attract financing for greenhouse gas reductions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264109872-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Volltext
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Reforming the insurance market in Russia (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264011196
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Issues in Insurance no.10
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Series Statement: Policy issues in insurance
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Reforming the insurance market in Russia
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. ;La réforme du marché d'assurance en Russie
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La réforme du marché d'assurance en Russie
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Reforming the insurance market in Russia
    RVK:
    QG 480
    RVK:
    QR 560
    Keywords: Versicherungsmarkt ; Versicherungsrecht ; Regulierung ; Russland ; Russland ; Versicherungsmarkt
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264011199-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fédération de Russie : Progrès et enjeux de la réforme (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Russian Federation 2004: Progress and Reform Challenges
    Keywords: Russland ; Direktinvestition
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264018525-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform: Russia 2005 : Building Rules for the Market (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264011236
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (202 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation ; Russie 2005 ; Établir des règles pour le marché
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation : Russie 2005 : Établir des règles pour le marché
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Russia
    RVK:
    QG 480
    RVK:
    QR 300
    Keywords: Wettbewerbspolitik ; Regulierung ; Bahnpolitik ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Russland ; Governance ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Wirtschaftsreform ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This review of regulatory reform in Russia covers the overall economic context for regulatory reform, the government’s capacity to manage regulatory reform, competition policy and enforcement, and market openness. The review also examines specifically the regulatory framework in the electricity and railway sectors. The analysis in this review assesses Russia against a number of OECD instruments. At the same time, the review has been adjusted to take into account the specific regulatory challenges faced by the Russian authorities, as well as administrative re-organisation required. The review contains comprehensive and detailed policy recommendations that will assist the Russian authorities in structuring and implementing regulatory reforms in order to boost economic growth, job creation, innovation and investment. The review will also help the authorities develop a more comprehensive approach in order to produce results more quickly.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264011236-en
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Reforming the Insurance Market in Russia (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264011199
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Policy Issues in Insurance no.10
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La réforme du marché d'assurance en Russie
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Reforming the insurance market in Russia
    RVK:
    QG 480
    RVK:
    QR 560
    Keywords: Versicherungsmarkt ; Versicherungsrecht ; Regulierung ; Russland ; Finance and Investment ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Versicherungsmarkt
    Abstract: This book presents an in-depth historical and analytical review of the reform process in the Russian insurance sector. The report examines the state of the Russian insurance industry, analyses market dynamics and structure, and assesses the major reform initiatives that have occurred in the sector over the past years. Of crucial importance in the reform process was the revision of the organisational structure of the Russian insurance business, improvement of solvency and capitalization requirements for insurance companies, liberalization of the market, and enhancement of supervisory oversight with the establishment of the Federal Service for Insurance Supervision. The report concludes with a series of policy recommendations for policymakers and insurance market players. They are designed to further improve the legal and regulatory framework and to strengthen the insurance industry management structure, operational mechanisms and competitive capacity.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264011199-en
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  • 32
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    Online Resource
    Fostering Public-Private Partnership for Innovation in Russia (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264009660
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Fostering public-private partnership for innovation in Russia
    RVK:
    QP 210
    Keywords: Öffentlich-private Partnerschaft ; Innovation ; Technologiepolitik ; Industrieforschung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Russland ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Innovationsförderung ; Public Private Partnership ; Tertiärbereich ; Forschungskooperation ; Industrie
    Abstract: The engines of economic growth in Russia remain concentrated in industries dependent on exports of raw commodities. To achieve sustainable long-term growth, Russia needs to diversify its economic activities, and boosting innovation needs to be a central objective of the diversification. This book assesses the strengths and weaknesses of the Russian innovation system and formulates concrete policy recommendations with a focus on public-private partnerships.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264009660-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 33
    Online Resource
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    Russian Electricity Reform : Emerging Challenges and Opportunities (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264109445
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Cooke, Doug Russian electricity reform
    DDC: 333.7932150947
    RVK:
    QR 600
    Keywords: Elektrizitätspolitik ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Reform ; Russland ; Energy ; Russland ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Marktstruktur ; Marktregelung ; Reformpolitik
    Abstract: The Russian government is pursuing a strategy of very high economic growth, and as part of that strategy, has embarked on a highly ambitious programme of electricity reform. This book focuses on key aspects of the proposed reforms including creation of market structures, rules and a regulatory framework that will foster competitive markets; tariff rebalancing; and removal of cross subsidies. It also raises concerns as to the pace of reform in related areas such as the need for complementary reform in Russia's natural gas sector.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264109445-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Russian Federation 2004 : Progress and Reform Challenges (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264018518
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (110 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement ; Fédération de Russie 2004 ; Progrès et enjeux de la réforme
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement : Fédération de Russie 2004 : Progrès et enjeux de la réforme
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Russian Federation
    Keywords: Investitionspolitik ; Auslandsinvestition ; Kapitalflucht ; Korruption ; Russland ; Finance and Investment ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Direktinvestition
    Abstract: The 2004 Investment Policy Review of the Russian Federation evaluates the progress made since the publication of OECD's 2001 study on this topic. The report finds that Russia has made significant improvements in its business environment and has signed investment and double taxation treaties with a number of countries. Nevertheless, the Russian Federation has attracted relatively little FDI and has experienced large-scale capital flight. The report recommends further reforms that are needed.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264018518-en
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  • 35
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    Online Resource
    Politique commerciale de la Russie : Le rôle des autorités locales et régionales (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264102040
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trade Policies in Russia; The Role of Local and Regional Governments
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trade Policies in Russia: The Role of Local and Regional Governments
    Keywords: Governance ; Trade ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Föderalismus ; Außenhandelspolitik ; Wirtschaftspolitik
    Abstract: Ce livre examine le rôle des autorités régionales dans la politique commerciale de la Fédération de Russie. Il décrit les principales politiques commerciales régionales, telles les subventions, les taxes et les licences, et leurs conséquences pour les engagements commerciaux internationaux de la Russie. En effet, lorsque la Russie deviendra membre de l'OMC, elle devra veiller à ce que les règlements et pratiques administratives de ses administrations locales soient conformes à ses engagements.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264102040-fr
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    URL: Volltext
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    La réforme de la réglementation des chemins de fer en Russie (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282123126
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (178 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Regulatory Reform of Railways in Russia
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Regulatory Reform of Railways in Russia (Russian version)
    Keywords: Railroad law Russia (Federation) ; Railroads Russia (Federation) ; Planning ; Transport ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Schienenverkehr ; Regulierung ; Reform
    Abstract: Dans ce rapport sur La réforme de la réglementation des chemins de fer en Russie, quelques-uns des plus éminents spécialistes mondiaux examinent la restructuration du secteur. Les chemins de fer, ayant souffert d’une sévère insuffisance d’investissements, sont engagés dans une réforme qui progresse rapidement.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282123126-fr
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    URL: Volltext
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  • 37
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    Transports urbains durables: la mise en oeuvre des politiques : Examens nationaux (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282103128
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (304 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Implementing Sustainable Urban Travel Policies; National Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Implementing Sustainable Urban Travel Policies: National Reviews
    Keywords: Transport ; Europa ; Stadtverkehr ; Verkehrspolitik ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Russland ; Stadtverkehr ; Verkehrspolitik ; Nachhaltigkeit ; USA ; Stadtverkehr ; Verkehrspolitik ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: Ce rapport passe en revue l'expérience de onze pays européens (y compris la Russie) et des États-Unis dans l'élaboration et la mise en oeuvre de politiques de transports urbains durables. Des rapports nationaux et une analyse synthétique permettent de tirer des leçons des politiques qui marchent, des cadres institutionnels et financiers appropriés et des partenariats innovants qui favorisent une concertation efficace et une mise en oeuvre responsable.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282103128-fr
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  • 38
    Online Resource
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    Renewables in Russia : From Opportunities to Reality (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and International Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264105454
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Energy ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Erneuerbare Energien ; Erneuerbare Ressourcen
    Abstract: Russia is rich not only in oil, gas and coal, but also in wind, hydro, geothermal, biomass and solar energy – the resources of renewable energy. However, fossil fuels dominate Russia’s current energy mix, while its abundant and diverse renewable energy resources play little role. What are the near- and medium-term opportunities for renewables in Russia? This report demonstrates that renewable energy can offer a real means to address some of Russia’s energy and economic challenges.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264105454-en
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  • 39
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    Online Resource
    OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Slovenia 2002 (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264196162
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Reforming Russian infrastructure for competition and efficiency
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement ; Slovénie 2002
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T.: Reforming Russian infrastructure for competition and efficiency
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement: Slovénie 2002
    DDC: 338.947
    RVK:
    QG 480
    Keywords: Infrastrukturpolitik ; Verkehrspolitik ; Telekommunikationsnetz ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Gaswirtschaft ; Wettbewerbspolitik ; Effizienz ; Russland ; Finance and Investment ; Slovenia ; Russland ; Infrastrukturpolitik
    Abstract: OECD's review of investment policy in Slovenia for 2002. It finds that as the most advanced former Yugoslav Republic, Slovenia has managed since 1991 one of the most successful transitions to nationhood and to a market economy in Central and Eastern Europe. Slovenian GDP per capita has already reached 70 per cent of the EU average. In recent years, Slovenian annual real GDP growth rates have been in the 4-5 per cent range. Slovenia has a developed manufacturing sector, good infrastructure and a skilled labour force. Consensus-orientated economic reforms have fostered a favourable investment climate. However, FDI inflows have been relatively modest (USD 180 million in 2000) due principally to the specific modalities of mass privatisation, the postponement of privatisation of financial and public utilities sectors and restrictions on foreign capital movements. But this has already begun to change. The 1999 Foreign Exchange Law has freed most capital and foreign direct investment operations transactions and practically all remaining entry restrictions will be lifted upon Slovenia's accession to the EU. The envisaged privatisation is expected to at least triple FDI inflows within the next three years, boosting FDI to around 3 per cent of GDP. Administrative barriers are being tackled with determination, in consultation with the business community. In addition, FDI outflows have started to play an increasingly important role in Slovenia's internationalisation strategy, notably in regard to the development of South-East Europe. In December 2001, Slovenia became eligible for adherence to the OECD Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises. This will help to consolidate Slovenia's achievements thus far and contribute to its expanding economic relations with OECD Members, as well as other adherents to the Declaration. This review is part of the OECD's ongoing co-operation with non-Member economies around the world.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264196162-en
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  • 40
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    Fédération de Russie: la crise sociale (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264292451
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Social Crisis in the Russian Federation
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Armut ; Gesundheitswesen ; Sozialer Wandel
    Abstract: La Fédération de Russie est confrontée à d'importants problèmes économiques et sociaux. En 1998, le revenu national avait presque reculé de moitié par rapport à 1990. L’espérance de vie des hommes est aujourd’hui de 61 ans, contre 65 ans il y a dix ans. Le taux de suicides et d’automutilations est trois fois supérieur à ce qu’il est en moyenne dans la zone de l’OCDE et le taux de mortalité maternelle cinq fois supérieur à la moyenne OCDE. Les maladies infectieuses ont progressé mais le volume réel des dépenses publiques de santé a régressé de près d’un tiers. Les dépenses consacrées à de nombreux autres dispositifs sociaux ont chuté, même si on les considère par rapport à un PIB en baisse, ce qui n’empêche pas qu’une bonne partie des sommes dépensées pour lutter contre le grave problème de la pauvreté le soit en pure perte. Plus d’un quart de la population russe est frappé par la pauvreté au regard même des critères officiels. Le salaire moyen a pratiquemment diminué de moitié par rapport à son niveau réel du début des années 90 et les retards de paiement des salaires et des pensions ont posé de sérieux problèmes il n’y a pas si longtemps. Quant à l’économie informelle, elle s’est considérablement développée. Que peut-on faire pour résoudre cette crise ? Cet ouvrage présente une analyse détaillée de la crise sociale que connaît la Fédération de Russie et propose des pistes pour la mise en oeuvre de réformes qui stimuleraient les principaux rouages économiques, notamment la productivité, tout en garantissant l’application de politiques sociales et de politiques de l’emploi plus à même d’aider les plus démunis. Ce livre formule également des propositions de réformes de fond propres à améliorer le fonctionnement du marché du travail, à garantir l’offre d’un ensemble de services de soins de santé indispensables, à atténuer les disparités régionales et à résoudre la crise humaine que traversent les plus pauvres.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264292451-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Investment Environment in the Russian Federation : Laws, Policies and Institutions (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264192577
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fédération de Russie ; quel environnement pour l'investissement ? ; Lois, politiques et institutions
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fédération de Russie : quel environnement pour l'investissement ? : Lois, politiques et institutions
    RVK:
    QG 480
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Auslandsinvestition ; Geschichte 1991-2000 ; Russland ; Steuer ; Geschichte 1991-2000 ; Russland ; Finanzwirtschaft ; Geschichte 1991-2000 ; Russland ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Geschichte 1991-2000
    Abstract: After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1992, the Russian Federation promptly proceeded with initial economic reform measures and privatisation programmes which were largely completed by 1994. Despite the creation of a basic corporate sector, many structural reforms remained incomplete, limiting inflows of foreign investment. Following the financial crisis in 1998, Russia has been in a period of stabilisation and is now showing signs of output recovery fuelled by favourable external economic conditions. A new economic reform programme was introduced in mid-2000, promising the rationalisation of many existing state and legislative structures and the reorganisation of federal and regional powers with a view to creating a modern competitive environment in a more unified economic space. Foreign investment will be vital for Russia's economic revival and the Russian government has taken up the challenge of improving the legal and regulatory environment to attract investment inflows needed to upgrade Russia's production facilities, infrastructure and labour skills. The pace and progress of reform is being followed with considerable interest worldwide. This publication provides a timely analysis of the evolving environment for foreign investment in the Russian Federation and draws attention to problem areas affecting the investment climate such as inadequate protection of investors' contractual and property rights. A key element of the publication is a set of policy conclusions and recommendations to create a more hospitable environment for investment, both domestic and foreign.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264192577-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Social Crisis in the Russian Federation (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264192454
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fédération de Russie; la crise sociale
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fédération de Russie: la crise sociale
    RVK:
    QG 480
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Sozialpolitik ; Armut ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Gesundheitswesen ; Soziale Situation
    Abstract: The Russian Federation faces important economic and social challenges. By 1998 national income was little more than half its level in 1990. Life expectancy for men is now about 61 years, compared to 65 years a decade ago. The rate of suicide and self-inflicted injuries is more than three times the OECD average and maternal mortality rates are about five times the OECD average. Infectious diseases have increased in prevalence, but real public spending on health care has fallen by nearly one-third. Spending on many other social programmes has fallen even as a percentage of the smaller GDP, yet much expenditure remains inefficient and ineffective in addressing the serious problem of poverty. More than a quarter of the Russian population is poverty-stricken according to official criteria. Average wages are not much more than half of their real level of the early 1990s, and wage and pension arrears have posed serious problems in the recent past. The informal economy has grown significantly. What can be done to address this crisis? This book provides a detailed analysis of the social problems facing the Russian Federation, and develops proposals for continuing reform to improve the economic fundamentals, including the productivity, while at the same time ensuring that social and labour market policies become more effective in helping the poorest Russians. The book also proposes policy reforms to improve the operation of the labour market, to guarantee a package of essential health care services, to address the wide disparities between different regions of the Russian Federation, and to deal with the human crisis experienced by the very poor.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264192454-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bridging the Innovation Gap in Russia (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264195769
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bridging the Innovation Gap in Russia (Russian Version)
    DDC: 338.0640947
    RVK:
    QG 480
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Russian Federation ; Konferenzschrift 2001 ; Electronic books ; Russland ; Technologiepolitik ; Forschung und Entwicklung ; Russland ; Innovationsmanagement
    Abstract: Despite substantial achievements in the recent past, the innovation climate in Russia is in need of major improvements. Comprehensive institutional and policy reforms are required, including in areas outside the remit of policy makers in technology and innovation. In this context, the Helsinki Seminar on "Innovation Policy and the Valorisation of Science and Technology in Russia" gathered government officials, scientists and businessmen from Russia and several OECD Member and observer countries -- Canada, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Hungary, Italy, Korea, the United States and Israel -- as well as from countries of the Newly Independent States (NIS). Participants examined the climate for innovation in Russia and discussed the lessons that can be drawn from the institutional reforms and recent policy initiatives in OECD countries to enhance the contribution of science and technology to innovation and growth.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264195769-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Volltext
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  • 44
    Book
    Book
    Tertiary education and research in the Russian federation (1999)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9264170421
    Language: English
    Pages: 182 S.
    Series Statement: Reviews of national policies for education
    RVK:
    AL 75000
    Keywords: Geschichte 1992-1998 ; Hochschulbildung ; Höheres Bildungswesen ; Russland ; Russland ; Höheres Bildungswesen ; Geschichte 1992-1998 ; Russland ; Hochschulbildung
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Enseignement et recherche en fédération de Russie
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    Book
    KOBV
  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Safety Research Needs for Russian-Designed Reactors (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162518
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recherches sur la sûreté des réacteurs de conception russe ; État des besoins
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Safety research needs for Russian-designed reactors
    RVK:
    UN 5220
    Keywords: Kernkraftwerk ; Sicherheitstechnik ; Strahlenbelastung ; Russland ; Nuclear Energy ; Russland ; Kernreaktorsicherheit ; Kernreaktor
    Abstract: The OECD Nuclear Energy Agency co-operates with both the central and eastern European countries and the New Independent States of the former Soviet Union in planning and executing safety research programmes. The purpose is to build up know-how and capabilities in safety technology pertaining to their nuclear power plants. In this report, senior safety experts from Russia and Western countries review the nuclear-safety research needed to improve the safety of Russian-designed nuclear power reactors. They have selected a number of important research topics to which priority should be given. They have also identified nuclear-safety research topics that would benefit from a collaborative effort between eastern and western nuclear-safety researchers.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162518-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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