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  • 2010-2014  (1)
  • 1995-1999  (304)
  • 1998  (270)
  • 1995  (35)
  • OECD  (304)
Datasource
Material
Language
Years
Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
Subjects(RVK)
  • 1
    E-Resource
    E-Resource
    International sectoral databank (ISDB) : = Banque de donnees sectorielles internationales (BDSI) (1989-)
    [s.l.] : OECD
    Show associated volumes/articles
    Details
    Language: English , French
    Edition: [Elektronische Ressource]
    Series Statement: OECD statistics
    Keywords: Diskette
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    E-Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Reviews of national policies for education (1998-2008)
    Paris : OECD
    Show associated volumes/articles
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Series Statement: Education and skills
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Reviews of national policies for education
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Book
    Book
    Die Internationalisierung des Hochschulwesens : ein OECD/CERI-Bericht (1998)
    Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang
    Details
    ISBN: 3631347456
    Language: German
    Pages: 168 S. , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Bildungsforschung internationaler Organisationen 16
    Series Statement: Bildungsforschung internationaler Organisationen
    Uniform Title: Internationalisation of higher education
    RVK:
    AL 17300
    RVK:
    AL 19900
    RVK:
    AL 20000
    RVK:
    AL 50000
    RVK:
    DM 2000
    Keywords: Finanzierung ; Tertiärbereich ; Internationalisierung ; Hochschule ; Studentenaustausch ; Globalisierung ; Universität ; Hochschulbildung ; Konferenzschrift 1995 ; Konferenzschrift 1995 ; Konferenzschrift 1995 ; Hochschule ; Internationalisierung ; Universität ; Internationalisierung ; Tertiärbereich ; Internationalisierung ; Globalisierung ; Finanzierung ; Studentenaustausch ; Hochschulbildung
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Book
    HU Berlin
    München BSB
    München UB
    Würzburg UB
    Regensburg UB
    KOBV
    BVB
  • 4
    Book
    Book
    Bildung auf einen Blick : Indikatoren für Bildungssysteme; 1: OECD-Indikatoren (1998)
    Paris : OECD
    Show associated volumes/articles
    In:  1
    Details
    ISBN: 9264561277
    Language: German
    Pages: 436 S. , graph. Darst.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 1
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Book
  • 5
    Book
    Book
    Migration and regional economic integration in Asia (1998)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9264160396
    Language: English
    Pages: 176 S.
    Series Statement: OECD proceedings
    DDC: 304.82095
    RVK:
    QG 800
    Keywords: Arbeidsmigratie ; Migratie (demografie) ; Movilidad laboral - Asia - Congresos ; Regionale integratie ; Trabajadores migratorios - Asia - Congresos ; Migration ; Foreign workers Congresses ; Labor mobility Congresses ; Migrant labor Congresses ; Arbeitnehmer ; Migration ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Wirtschaftliche Integration ; Asia - Emigración e inmigración - Congresos ; Asia - Integración económica - Congresos ; Asien ; Asia Congresses Economic integration ; Asia Congresses Emigration and immigration ; Philippinen ; Malaysia ; Ostasien ; Asien ; Indonesien ; Konferenzschrift ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Konferenzschrift ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Konferenzschrift ; Indonesien ; Malaysia ; Philippinen ; Ostasien ; Wirtschaftliche Integration ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Asien ; Migration ; Arbeitnehmer
    Note: Literaturangaben
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Book
    BSZ
    GBV
    KOBV
    BVB
  • 6
    Book
    Book
    21st century technologies : promises and perils of a dynamic future (1998)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9264160523
    Language: English
    Pages: 173 S.
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Les technologies du XXIe siècle
    DDC: 303.483
    RVK:
    QC 344
    Keywords: Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Konferenzschrift ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Konferenzschrift
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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    Book
    BSZ
    GBV
    KOBV
    HeBIS
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Institutional Investors in the New Financial Landscape (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163065
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (492 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development
    Abstract: Institutional investors (insurance companies, investment companies and pension funds) have been gaining in importance in both OECD and non-OECD countries. The institutionalisation of savings is having a profound impact on the structure and functioning of capital markets. Institutional investors are the main forces shaping the new financial landscape. This publication gives a comprehensive overview of the major driving forces behind recent trends, future prospects, financial market implications as well as regulatory and supervisory challenges related to the rise in institutional assets.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163065-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Financial Statistics : Part 1 Section 2 January 1998 = Statistiques financières de l'OCDE : Partie 1 Section 2 janvier 1998 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264062085
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (58 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264062085-en-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Valoriser le travail : Fiscalité, prestations sociales, emploi et chômage (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262317
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (106 p)
    Series Statement: La stratégie de l'OCDE pour l'emploi
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262317-fr
    URL: Volltext
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Regional Approach to Industrial Restructuring in the Tomsk Region, Russian Federation (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163058
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (512 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Industry and Services ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: Tomsk is one of the oldest established centres of industry and learning in the Russian Federation. The city of Tomsk and its surrounding region now face challenging economic and resource utilisation problems. These must be overcome if the pace of development is to be quickened and deepened. At the invitation of the regional authorities, the OECD’s Centre for Co-operation with the Economies in Transition, organised a conference in Tomsk on a regional approach to industrial restructuring in June 1997. It received special support from the Institute for Advanced Studies of Vienna. This report presents the economic assessment, conference conclusions and recommendations. It will be of particular use to potential investors, businesses and other specialists interested in the opportunities arising from reforms underway in the economy of one of Russia’s oldest regions. The publication notably provides an overview of the Tomsk regional economy and its main sectors, with an examination of key regional and federal policy issues, and investment provisions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163058-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement : Portugal 1997 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262195
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement no.22
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Development Co-operation Reviews; Portugal 1997
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Development Co-operation Reviews: Portugal 1997
    Keywords: Development ; Portugal
    Abstract: Le programme portugais de coopération pour le développement se caractérise par la place privilégiée qu'il accorde, dans ses activités bilatérales, aux pays lusophones d'Afrique. Cela reflète l'étroitesse de liens historiques, linguistiques et culturels, unissant le Portugal à ces pays, qui comptent actuellement parmi les pays les moins avancés. Depuis peu, le Portugal privilégie deux nouveaux axes de coopération pour le développement. Le développement du secteur privé, d'une part, s'appuie sur les réformes économiques opérées avec le soutien des institutions internationales et sur les instruments susceptibles de favoriser la participation du secteur privé portugais. Le renforcement des systèmes de gestion publique des pays lusophones d'Afrique, d'autre part, tout en mettant plus particulièrement l'accent sur les systèmes juridiques et judiciaires, s'étend également aux institutions parlementaires, aux systèmes électoraux, aux administrations locales et à la fourniture de conseils sur des questions d'ordre constitutionnel. Cet examen du programme portugais par le Comité d'aide au développement de l'OCDE (CAD) souligne que le Portugal pourrait jouer un rôle plus important encore, notamment en Angola et au Mozambique, où la fin des conflits appelle de toute urgence une action dans le domaine du développement. Il prend note de la création récente d'une Communauté des pays de langue portugaise (la CPLP), intégrant le Brésil, destinée à renforcer le dialogue et les efforts mutuels de développement. Au cours de l'année 1997, des examens de politique en matière de coopération pour le développement sont prévus pour la France, la Belgique, les Pays-Bas et le Royaume-Uni.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262195-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Mexico 1998 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162594
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE ; Mexique 1998
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Mexique 1998
    Keywords: Environment ; Mexico
    Abstract: This review of Mexico's environmental conditions and policies evaluates progress in reducing the pollution burden, improving natural resource management, integrating environmental and economic policies, and strengthening international co-operation. The analyses presented are supported by a broad range of economic and environmental data.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162594-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Les technologies du XXIe siècle : Promesses et périls d'un futur dynamique (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263536
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. 21st Century Technologies; Promises and Perils of a Dynamic Future
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. 21st Century Technologies: Promises and Perils of a Dynamic Future
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Les décennies à venir sont porteuses de progrès remarquables dans de nombreuses technologies à vocation universelle. Notre façon de vivre, de travailler, ainsi que nos loisirs devraient en être profondément remodelés. Les technologies vont révolutionner la médecine, l'agriculture, les voyages, le commerce de détail... des bouleversements qui toucheront le coeur même de notre vie quotidienne. Si elle utilise ces technologies à bon escient, l'humanité pourra retirer des bienfaits immenses. Dans le cas contraire, ce seront autant d'opportunités manquées et de risques inutiles. L'enjeu est donc de taille pour la société. Quel coût cela entraînerait-il, si nous rations le coche du changement dynamique ? Quels problèmes éthiques les nouvelles avancées du génie génétique vont-elles poser ? La diffusion des nouvelles technologies créera-t-elle de nouvelles divisions sociales ? Quels types de sociétés seront les mieux armés pour exploiter ce vaste potentiel ? Quelle voie la coopération internationale doit-elle suivre pour tirer le plus grand profit des retombées de la technologie ? Cette étude passe en revue les promesses extraordinaires qu'annoncent les vingt prochaines années. Elle prend la mesure de questions essentielles -- économiques, sociales, environnementales ou éthiques -- auxquelles les décideurs du secteur public, du secteur des entreprises et de la société devront faire face pour écarter les incertitudes de la technologie et transformer ses promesses en réalités.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263536-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Principaux indicateurs économiques - Sources et méthodes : Statistiques sur la main-d'oeuvre et sur les salaires (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262331
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (262 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Main Economic Indicators - Sources and Methods; Labour and Wage Statistics
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Main Economic Indicators - Sources and Methods: Labour and Wage Statistics
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage fournit une description détaillée des sources et méthodes utilisées par les pays de l’OCDE pour rassembler les indicateurs publiés sur la main-d’œuvre et les salaires figurant dans les Principaux indicateurs économiques.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262331-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Future of Food : Long-term Prospects for the Agro-food Sector (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162006
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Se nourrir demain ; Perspectives à long terme du secteur agro-alimentaire
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Se nourrir demain : Perspectives à long terme du secteur agro-alimentaire
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Economics
    Abstract: The agro-food sector in OECD countries is heading towards an era of turbulance and transition. With food demand in developing countries growing, barriers to trade and investment falling, and consumer tastes and preferences rapidly diversifying, the landscape of OECD food markets will be radically different 20 years from now. Are food shortages likely and what will happen to food prices? What changes will we see in food retailing and food processing? Will there be more co-operation between the various players in the agro-food industry, more concentration or more competition? To grasp these challenges, this report looks into the prospects for the agro-food sector to 2010-20 and examines the new generation of key issues that lie ahead for governments, business, farmers and consumers.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162006-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Estudios Económicos de la OCDE: México 1998 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264451346
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys; Mexico 1998
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE ; Mexique 1998
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys: Mexico 1998
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE : Mexique 1998
    Keywords: Economics ; Mexico
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264451346-es
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    DAC Guidelines for Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment in Development Co-operation (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (37 p.)
    Series Statement: Best Practices in Development Co-operation
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) have long recognised that sustainable development must reflect the needs of women and men. These Guidelines from 1998 aim to advance gender issues in their development co-operation programmes, furthering the contribution of the DAC Expert Group on Women in Development to bringing gender issues to the fore.
    DOI: 10.1787/791d5d28-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Capital Market Development in Transition Economies : Country Experiences and Policies for the Future (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163676
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Central and Eastern Europe and Russia have been actively building capital markets since the beginning of the transition period in 1990. Since that time, these countries have created or re-established equity markets and actively developed government securities markets. In some cases, corporate bond markets have also begun to flourish. Yet, many problems remain in achieving desired levels of efficiency, transparency and stability. For the first time, the evolution of both equity and securities markets in these countries is critically evaluated. The policy choices for promoting these objectives and further integration of the fledgling markets into the international capital markets are discussed, although they are not always straightforward and free of controversy. This book brings into focus some of the main obstacles on the road to building sound capital markets. Financial experts, economists from OECD member countries as well as government officials from several central and eastern European countries and Russia describe strategic choices and policy options based on their experiences with different privatisation methods, regulatory approaches and government debt management policies. The presentation of actual experiences and policy challenges encountered by government officials in creating and regulating securities markets -- in particular, very frank accounts by Russian and Czech officials of attempts to combat fraudulent practices of certain market participants -- makes this book unique.The range of lessons found here will provide support for countries currently in market turmoil and insights on the process of building capital markets for policymakers, academics and market participants.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163676-en
    URL: Volltext
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Main Economic Indicators - Sources and Methods : Domestic Finance Statistics (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162327
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (94 p.)
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This publication provides a detailed description of the sources and methods used by OECD member countries in calculating the monetary aggregates, credit and other measures of domestic finance presented in Main Economic Indicators.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162327-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Panorama de la législation nucléaire en Europe centrale et orientale et dans les NEI (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262577
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Overview of Nuclear Legislation in Central and Eastern Europe and the NIS
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Cette publication analyse la législation et la réglementation régissant les utilisations pacifiques de l'énergie nucléaire en Europe de l'Est. Elle couvre onze pays d'Europe centrale et orientale et cinq pays appartenant à la Communauté des États Indépendants. Les chapitres consacrés à chaque pays pris individuellement ont été rédigés selon un plan uniforme destiné à faciliter la recherche et la comparaison de l'information. Cette publication continuera à faire l'objet de mises à jour régulières. Arménie Lettonie Bélarus Lituanie Bulgarie Pologne Croatie République slovaque Estonie République tchèque Fédération de Russie Roumanie Hongrie Slovénie Kazakstan Ukraine
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262577-fr
    URL: Volltext
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Agricultural Policy Reform and the Rural Economy in OECD Countries (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162532
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (316 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La réforme de la politique agricole et l'économie rurale dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Agricultural policy reform and the rural economy in OECD countries
    DDC: 338.1809177
    RVK:
    QS 700
    RVK:
    ZB 56000
    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Ländliche Entwicklung ; Agroindustrie ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Fallstudiensammlung ; OECD ; Agrarreform
    Abstract: The socio-economic development of rural areas has become an important issue for agricultural policy design in many OECD countries. Yet there is still a lack of comprehensive analysis of the inter-linkages between the agro-food sector and the rural economy. What consequences have on-going structural changes in agriculture for rural areas? What is the role of agricultural policies? The report, comprising a main report and case studies on Canada, France, Greece, Japan, New Zealand, Norway and Switzerland, addresses these important questions. A key conclusion of the report is that traditional agricultural support policies are increasingly ineffective in accomplishing rural development objectives. Agricultural policy reform can enhance agro-food's contribution to the viable development of rural economies, although the benefits are not immediate. A coherent, well co-ordinated and targeted policy approach aimed at diversification, promotion of high-quality regional products, provision of information, direct payments and public goods would improve the competitiveness of rural areas. How to strike the right balance between the need for greater economic efficiency, and social and environmental concerns in rural areas is a key challenge facing policy makers.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162532-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    L' avenir de l'Asie dans l'économie mondiale (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262683
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Séminaires du Centre de Développement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Future of Asia in the World Economy
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: En s'appuyant sur des scénarios réalisés par la Banque asiatique de développement (BAD) et le Centre de Développement de l'OCDE, cet ouvrage analyse les moyens de consolider la croissance économique à long terme de l'Asie, au profit de l'économie mondiale dans son ensemble. Au-delà des difficultés économiques actuelles, des perspectives de croissance forte attendent les pays asiatiques pour peu qu'ils s'emploient efficacement à renforcer leurs institutions nationales, à soutenir l'investissement dans le capital humain et à préserver leur capital environnemental. Cet ouvrage est le fruit de la troisième conférence du Forum international sur les perspectives asiatiques, organisé chaque année par la BAD et le Centre de Développement de l'OCDE. Ce Forum a pour vocation d'encourager les échanges d'idées entre spécialistes asiatiques et européens sur des questions économiques importantes pour ces deux régions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262683-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Évolution des transports : 1970/1996 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262713
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1998
    DOI: 10.1787/trend_transp-1998-fr
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Local Management for More Effective Employment Policies (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162723
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Pour des politiques de l'emploi plus efficaces; la gestion locale
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Giguère, Sylvain Local management
    DDC: 339.5
    RVK:
    QV 200
    Keywords: Städtischer Arbeitsmarkt ; Regionaler Arbeitsmarkt ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Kommunalpolitik ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Dezentralisation
    Abstract: To combat persistent unemployment and growing disparities, employment and training policies need re-organising to become more effective. Governments are endeavouring to achieve this by increasing the involvement of local and regional authorities, social partners, the private sector and the community in policy design and implementation.Co-ordinating the efforts of these stakeholders, all involved at different levels, is a major challenge for governments. Local management of employment and training makes for more flexibility and hence better use of all available resources. This publication looks at the decentralisation of active labour market policies in OECD countries and shows how local employment management can lead to the implementation of more effective policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162723-en
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    Fédération de Russie (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Edition: Edition 1998
    Series Statement: Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education: Russian Federation 1998
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262867-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 26
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    Latvia (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Edition: Edition 1998
    Series Statement: Investment Guides
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162921-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 27
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    Le gouvernement d'entreprise: améliorer la compétitivité des entreprises et faciliter leur accès aux marchés financiers mondiaux : Rapport à l'OCDE du Groupe consultatif du secteur privé sur le gouvernement d'entreprise (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262874
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Corporate Governance; Improving Competitiveness and Access to Capital in Global Markets; A Report to the OECD by the Business Sector Advisory Group on Corporate Governance
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Corporate Governance: Improving Competitiveness and Access to Capital in Global Markets: A Report to the OECD by the Business Sector Advisory Group on Corporate Governance
    Keywords: Industry and Services
    Abstract: Du fait de son incidence sur la compétitivité des entreprises et sur leur capacité à accéder aux marchés financiers mondiaux, le gouvernement d'entreprise apporte une contribution de plus en plus importante au développement de l'entreprenariat, à la croissance économique et à l'emploi. Dans le rapport qu'il présente à l'OCDE, le Groupe consultatif du secteur privé sur le gouvernement d'entreprise insiste sur les rôles que les secteurs public et privé sont appelés à jouer. L'organisation du pouvoir dans l'entreprise doit avant tout rester le domaine réservé du secteur privé. Les pouvoirs publics0 ont néanmoins une responsabilité particulière et déterminante à exercer dans la mesure où il leur incombe de mettre en place un cadre réglementaire permettant aux investisseurs et aux entreprises d'adapter leurs pratiques en matière de gouvernement d'entreprise à un environnement qui évolue rapidement. Il n'existe pas, en matière de gouvernement d'entreprise, une structure idéale fixée une fois pour toutes qui puisse servir de modèle à tous les pays et à toutes les entreprises : il faut au contraire encourager et favoriser l'expérimentation et la diversité dans le cadre de réglementations mettant l'accent sur les notions de loyauté, de transparence, de contrôle et de responsabilité. Dans cette optique, le Groupe consultatif présente des orientations qui selon lui devraient inspirer les stratégies mises en oeuvre par les pouvoirs publics, propose des domaines dans lesquels le secteur privé pourrait entreprendre spontanément des actions, et enfin énonce des recommandations relatives aux travaux que l'OCDE pourrait mener à l'avenir afin de contribuer à l'élaboration d'un ensemble de principes communs destinés à guider les examens et les réformes des politiques nationales dans le domaine du gouvernement d'entreprise.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262874-fr
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  • 28
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    Politiques agricoles des pays de l'OCDE : Volume I - Suivi et évaluation; Volume II - Mesure du soutien et informations de base 1998 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263215
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1998
    DOI: 10.1787/agr_oecd-1998-fr
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  • 29
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    Future Nuclear Regulatory Challenges : A Report by the NEA Committee on Nuclear Regulatory Activities (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163300
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (48 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nouveaux défis pour les autorités de sûreté nucléaire ; Un rapport du Comité de l'AEN sur les activités nucléaires réglementaires
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Future nuclear regulatory challenges ; a report by the NEA Committee on Nuclear Regulatory Activities
    DDC: 341.7/55
    RVK:
    QR 535
    Keywords: Nukleare Sicherheit ; Kernenergiepolitik ; Energiemarkt ; Deregulierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Nuclear Energy ; Kerntechnische Industrie ; Aufsichtsbehörde
    Abstract: Major nuclear regulatory challenges will arise from government policies to liberalise energy sectors. In a context of growing competition and market deregulation, it is becoming increasingly important to reconcile commercial interests with safety requirements. For nuclear regulatory bodies, the first challenge will be to ensure that economic pressures do not erode nuclear safety. In their strive to maintain nuclear safety culture, regulatory bodies will also need to adapt to an increasingly market-oriented environment and new working relationships with operators. This report identifies the challenges that regulators are likely to be confronted with over the next ten years.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163300-en
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  • 30
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    La société civile et le développement international (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263390
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Civil Society and International Development
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: L'intérêt pour le concept de société civile connaît un renouveau remarquable. Dans le domaine de la théorie politique, ce concept est actuellement considéré comme un instrument pouvant permettre de sortir de certaines impasses théoriques et politiques. Mais que signifie ce concept ? La société civile peut-elle réellement faire office de contrepoids face à des pouvoirs publics qui ont perdu le contact avec la population ? Sans doute convient-il d'adapter le concept occidental de société civile lorsque celui-ci s'applique aux économies en développement où des facteurs et des valeurs culturels différents entrent en jeu.Cet ouvrage relève un défi : il définit le rôle de la société civile dans le promotion des objectifs de développement au sein même des sociétés en développement. Il compare les activités et les attitudes des différents éléments de la société civile dans le processus de développement et montre comment ceux-ci peuvent gagner en efficacité. Il montre également que les pouvoirs publics ne devraient pas essayer de remplacer leurs propres activités de développement par celles de la société civile.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263390-fr
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  • 31
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    La biotechnologie au service de produits et de procédés industriels propres : Vers un développement industriel durable (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263406
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Biotechnology for Clean Industrial Products and Processes; Towards Industrial Sustainability
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Biotechnology for Clean Industrial Products and Processes: Towards Industrial Sustainability
    Keywords: Environment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Si les applications de la biotechnologie ont plusieurs décennies durant surtout concerné la santé et l'agro-alimentaire, la biotechnologie industrielle prend aujourd'hui de l'importance à l'heure où le développement industriel durable est devenu une préoccupation à l'échelle mondiale. En effet, pour assurer un développement durable et la mise en oeuvre de procédés industriels « propres », il faudra toute une série d'innovations scientifiques et technologiques, parmi lesquelles la biotechnologie aura un rôle important à jouer. Ce rapport montre le rôle croissant des procédés biotechnologiques modernes dans les processus industriels. Il met en relief leurs avantages économiques et environnementaux par rapport à d'autres technologies, attire l'attention sur des goulets d'étranglement techniques ou autres, et souligne la nécessité d'une action concertée de l'industrie et des gouvernements pour relever le défi du développement industriel durable.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Biotechnology for clean industrial products and processes
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263406-fr
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  • 32
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    Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Development : Lessons from Six Emerging Economies (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162983
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (110 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Investissement direct étranger et développement économique ; L'expérience de six économies émergentes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Thomsen, Stephen E., 1960 - Foreign direct investment and economic development
    RVK:
    QM 353
    RVK:
    QM 355
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Schwellenländer ; Argentinien ; Brasilien ; Chile ; Indonesien ; Malaysia ; Philippinen ; Finance and Investment ; Konferenzschrift 1998 ; Direktinvestition ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: This study examines the link between FDI and development in six dynamic non-Member economies: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. These countries have all adopted different policies towards FDI in the past, but to a great extent they are all converging on a more open approach. This greater openness, and the overall economic reforms of which FDI liberalisation is but one part, will provide a more fertile environment in which to reap the potential benefits from FDI. FDI can play a key role in improving the capacity of the host country to respond to the opportunities offered by global economic integration, a goal increasingly recognised as one of the key aims of any development strategy. In an environment made more competitive by a decade of economic reforms, many restrictions to FDI in these host countries are at best ineffective and at worst counter-productive.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162983-en
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  • 33
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    La Chine et les économies européennes en transition: les voies de la réforme (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263017
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Séminaires du Centre de Développement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Different Paths to a Market Economy; China and European Economies in Transition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Different Paths to a Market Economy: China and European Economies in Transition
    Keywords: Development ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: L'analyse comparative de la transition dans les pays d'Europe centrale et en République populaire de Chine met en évidence des similitudes et des différences souvent assimilées, à tort, à des approches différentes du même problème. En fait, l'environnement propre à ces deux grandes régions (puisque la Chine, par sa taille, constitue à elle seule une région), tout comme leur situation interne, renvoient à des réalités d'une extrême complexité qui rendent le processus de transition également complexe. Cet ouvrage se compose de chapitres initialement conçus comme des documents distincts et préparés pour la Conférence conjointe du Centre de développement de l'OCDE, du CEPR et du CEPII à Budapest. Ils analysent et comparent le processus de transition dans les différents régimes de droit en question. Les auteurs examinent en particulier trois grands domaines d'intérêt commun : les finances publiques, le régime des échanges avec l'extérieur et l'intermédiation financière et un chapitre critique synthétise leurs conclusions à la fin de chaque partie. Leur analyse fait apparaître des différences, certes, mais aussi des similitudes, à partir desquelles il est possible de dégager des conclusions générales en matière de politique économique applicables à toutes les sociétés en transition.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Different paths to a market economy: China and european economies in transition
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263017-fr
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  • 34
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    Kazakhstan (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Edition: Edition 1998
    Series Statement: Investment Guides
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163546-en
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  • 35
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    Science, Technology and Industry Outlook (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Edition: Edition 1998
    URL: Volltext
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  • 36
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    Rapport sur la situation actuelle du transport combiné en Europe (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263758
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Report on the Current State of Combined Transport in Europe
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Ce rapport sur la situation actuelle du transport combiné en Europe dresse tout d'abord un panorama de la situation de ce type de transport pour trente pays d'Europe Membres de la CEMT. Les pays étudiés sont aussi bien ceux d'Europe centrale et orientale qui ont récemment adhéré à la Conférence que les Membres de longue date, pour lesquels les développements les plus récents sont mis à jour depuis l'étude réalisée en 1992 sur les améliorations des grandes liaisons internationales par ferroutage. Le champ d'observation couvert par cette étude, au-delà de la route et du rail, s'étend aux voies navigables et à la navigation maritime à courte distance. Ainsi pourront être mieux pressenties les faiblesses actuelles du transport combiné et les améliorations possibles. Sur la base de ce rapport, le Conseil des Ministres de la CEMT a adopté une série de recommandations qui s'adressent aux différents partenaires, tant publics que privés, nationaux ou internationaux, et qui portent sur certains éléments nécessaires pour garantir à la fois une amélioration effective et un développement durable du transport combiné. Ces recommandations figurent également dans cette publication.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Report on the current state of combined transport in Europe
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263758-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 37
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    The Public Employment Service : Greece, Ireland, Portugal (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163768
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le service public de l'emploi ; Grèce, Irlande, Portugal
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development The public employment service
    DDC: 350
    RVK:
    QV 200
    Keywords: Arbeitsverwaltung ; Arbeitsvermittlung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Griechenland ; Irland ; Portugal ; Employment ; Governance ; Greece ; Ireland ; Portugal ; Griechenland ; Arbeitsverwaltung ; Irland ; Arbeitsverwaltung ; Portugal ; Arbeitsverwaltung
    Abstract: Greece, Ireland and Portugal, on the periphery of Europe, are still influenced by a history of migration from agriculture to urban areas and to other countries, and have all received extensive assistance from the European Union's Structural Funds.Which of these countries' varied, often innovative, strategies in relation to unemployment benefits, hiring subsidies and job creation measures, have been most effective? Employment services have taken on particular responsibility for training, but does this help the long-term unemployed? With a legacy of older workers who left school early, and continuing high levels of self-employment, how can placement performance be improved? This publication examines how the Public Employment Service can actively promote and manage transitions out of unemployment into market work, both directly and via labour market programmes.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Le service public de l'emploi
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163768-en
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  • 38
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    Le service public de l'emploi : Grèce, Irlande, Portugal (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263765
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (292 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Public Employment Service; Greece, Ireland, Portugal
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Public Employment Service: Greece, Ireland, Portugal
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; Greece ; Ireland ; Portugal
    Abstract: Situés à la périphérie de l'Europe, la Grèce, l'Irlande et le Portugal se ressentent encore aujourd'hui des effets de l'exode rural vers les zones urbaines et à l'étranger et ils ont tous bénéficié d'aides considérables des Fonds structurels de l'Union européenne. Les stratégies adoptées par ces pays en matière de prestations de chômage, de subventions à l'emploi et de création d'emplois sont souvent novatrices. Mais quelles sont celles qui s'avèrent les plus efficaces ? Les services de l'emploi jouent un rôle important en matière de formation. Cela leur permet-il également d'aider les chômeurs de longue durée ? Et comment améliorer les résulats des services de placement face à des actifs plus âgés qui ont quitté l'école très tôt, ou encore face à un pourcentage de travailleurs indépendants qui reste élevé ? Cette publication étudie les moyens utilisés par le Service public de l'emploi pour faciliter l'insertion sur le marché du travail, que ce soit directement ou par le biais de programmes spécialisés.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: The public employment service
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263765-fr
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  • 39
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    The Export Credit Arrangement : Achievements and Challenges 1978/1998 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163867
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'Arrangement sur les crédits à l'exportation ; Bilan et objectifs pour l'avenir 1978/1998
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development The export credit arrangement
    DDC: 332.742
    RVK:
    QM 350
    Keywords: 1978-1998 ; Exportkredit ; Exportkreditversicherung ; OECD-Staaten ; Unternehmensethik ; Trade ; OECD ; Welthandel ; Exportkredit
    Abstract: The Arrangement on Guidelines for Officially Supported Export Credits celebrates its twentieth birthday this year. The 'Arrangement', as the Guidelines are usually known, is a unique form of international co-operation: as a 'gentlemen's agreement', it has no formal status in law – and yet it has brought order to the supply of export credits (government subsidies to exporters), thus saving billions of dollars of taxpayers' money. Thanks to the Arrangement, exporters in OECD countries now compete on the basis of quality and price, not according to the degree of support they receive from the state. Progressive improvements in the Arrangement, moreover, have extended its coverage, preventing trade distortion and subsidy in the form of tied aid and unrealistic premium fees. In this collection of essays, past and present negotiators of the Arrangement's guidelines, Presidents and Chief Executives of export credit agencies, international institutions, private-sector players, economists and others involved with the Arrangement from its earliest days chart its evolution – its inception and progressive expansion, the difficulties encountered and problems solved. They examine the sources of the flexibility that has made the Arrangement so successful in adapting to the changing, globalising world economy. Some of the contributions offer candid insights into the closed world of international negotiations. Others document the response of the Arrangement to the growing sophistication of financial and insurance services. All of them shed light on this increasingly important aspect of international trade.This book will be required reading for anyone interested in the world trading system and the role of export credits in particular, in the relationship between trade and aid, and in international co-operation in general.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: L'arrangement sur les crédits à l'exportation 1978/1998
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163867-en
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  • 40
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    Programmes scolaires : Mode d'emploi (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Centre for Educational Research and Innovation
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263826
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Making the Curriculum Work
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Comment adapter le contenu des programmes scolaires aux besoins de demain ? L'évaluation des élèves permet-elle d'accroître la pertinence des programmes ? Comment le perfectionnement des enseignants peut-il optimiser l'efficacité de leur enseignement ? Ces questions sont au coeur d'une réforme des programmes scolaires unanimement placée au premier rang des priorités de l'enseignement, mais encore trop souvent analysée sous un angle réducteur. Pour être vraiment efficaces, les programmes doivent former un tout cohérent avec les pratiques pédagogiques et les politiques éducatives. Ils doivent également donner aux élèves les armes nécessaires pour relever le défi de l'apprentissage à vie. En abordant ces impératifs indissociables à travers une analyse détaillée des expériences et des innovations nationales les plus récentes, cet ouvrage jette un regard novateur sur la question des programmes scolaires.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Making the curriculum work
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263826-fr
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  • 41
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    Allemagne (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Edition: Edition 1998
    Series Statement: Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement 29
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Development Co-operation Reviews: Germany 1998
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263666-fr
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  • 42
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    Statistical Trends in Transport : 1965/1994 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    Language: English , French
    Edition: Edition 1998
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264062245-en-fr
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  • 43
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    The Battle against Exclusion : Social Assistance in Australia, Finland, Sweden and the United Kingdom (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162259
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (212 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Combattre l'exclusion ; L'aide sociale en Australie, en Finlande, au Royaume-Uni et en Suède
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Combattre l'exclusion
    RVK:
    QX 040
    RVK:
    QX 900
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia ; Finland ; Sweden ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: This book examines the performance of social assistance policies in four countries with similar per capita incomes: Australia, Finland, Sweden and the United Kingdom. It confronts their -- very different -- social protection systems and sheds light on issues such as social insurance and social assistance, central and local social security systems, active and passive policies. The often complex interactions involved are analysed and lessons are drawn from the countries' varied experiences. Particular attention is paid to young people, the long-term unemployed, lone-parent families, immigrants and asylum seekers. Conclusions -- both country-based and thematic -- are presented with a particular emphasis on how barriers and disincentives to employment can be overcome: these are indispensable weapons in the battle against exclusion.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162259-en
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  • 44
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    L' évaluation environnementale stratégique dans le secteur des transports (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262263
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Strategic Environmental Assessment in the Transport Sector
    Keywords: Environment ; Transport
    Abstract: L'évaluation environnementale stratégique sert depuis peu d'aide à la prise de décision intégrée sur les grands investissements en matière d'infrastructures de transport et, d'une manière plus générale, à la planification et à l'élaboration des politiques. Ce rapport fait le point de l'expérience acquise dans le monde dans cette nouvelle discipline. Son objectif est de contribuer à l'élaboration de procédures efficaces pour prendre en compte les évaluations environnementales appropriées dans toutes les décisions stratégiques relatives au secteur des transports.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Strategic environmental assessment in the transport sector
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262263-fr
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    The Tax/Benefit Position of Employees : 1995/1996 1997 Edition = La situation des salariés au regard de l'impôt et des transferts sociaux : 1995/1996 Edition 1997 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264062375
    Language: Multiple languages , English , French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (408 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    QL 550
    Keywords: Employment ; Taxation ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: This annual publication provides unique information on direct taxes levied from employees and their employers in all OECD countries. In addition, the book specifies family benefits paid as cash transfers. Amounts of taxes and benefits are detailed program by program, for eight households types, which differ by income level and household composition. Results include the tax burden for one- and two- earner families.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264062375-en-fr
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  • 46
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    La politique de cryptographie : les lignes directrices et les questions actuelles : Les lignes directrices régissant la politique de cryptographie de l'OCDE et le rapport sur la politique de cryptographie : contexte et questions actuelles (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262423
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (44 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cryptography Policy; The Guidelines and the Issues; The OECD Cryptography Policy Guidelines and the Report on Background and Issues of Cryptography Policy
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cryptography Policy: The Guidelines and the Issues: The OECD Cryptography Policy Guidelines and the Report on Background and Issues of Cryptography Policy
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Cryptography policy
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262423-fr
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  • 47
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    La réforme des politiques agricoles : Quels effets sur l'environnement ? (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262447
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Environmental Effects of Reforming Agricultural Policies
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment
    Abstract: Les pays de l'OCDE ont commencé à réformer leurs politiques agricoles au cours de la dernière décennie. De nombreux pays ont également mis en oeuvre des mesures agri-environnementales dont l'objectif direct est d'améliorer l'environnement. Quelles modifications ces réformes ont-elles apportées en matière d'utilisation des terres, de pratiques agricoles et d'emploi d'intrants ? Quels effets ont-elles eus sur l'environnement et notamment sur les sols, l'eau, l'air, la biodiversité, les habitats sauvages et le paysage ? Dans quelle mesure les conditions régionales et locales ont-elles influencé les résultats en matière d'environnement ? Quelle a été la contribution des mesures agri-environnementales à la réalisation de l'agriculture durable ? Et comment pourrait-on rendre ces mesures plus efficaces et moins coûteuses ? En s'appuyant sur les expériences de terrain conduites par plusieurs pays de l'OCDE, cette étude aboutit à la conclusion que les réformes en matière de politique agricole peuvent améliorer l'environnement à condition qu'elles s'accompagnent de mesures environnementales appropriées.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: The environmental effects of reforming agricultural policies
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262447-fr
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  • 48
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    Democracy, Decentralisation and Deficits in Latin America (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162501
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Seminars
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Démocratie, décentralisation et déficits budgétaires en Amérique latine
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Democracy, decentralisation and deficits in Latin America
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    QL 270
    RVK:
    QG 630
    Keywords: Dezentralisierung ; Finanzausgleich ; Demokratie ; Lateinamerika ; Development ; Konferenzschrift 1997 ; Lateinamerika ; Finanzpolitik ; Dezentralisation
    Abstract: What is the impact of political decentralisation in Latin America? This book considers the problems raised by political decentralisation in the region and identifies the challenges ahead. Political decentralisation tends to devolve a certain amount of financial responsibility to the sub-national levels of government, hence potentially destabilising centrally established fiscal and budgetary targets. The question is, thus, a particularly timely one which seeks to reconcile enhanced democratisation with the fiscal rigour demanded by the international marketplace. This book brings together papers presented at the eighth annual meeting of the "International Forum on Latin American Perspectives", sponsored jointly by the OECD Development Centre and the Inter-American Development Bank. The analyses of economic experts are confronted with the real-life experiences of practitioners from a number of Latin American countries, providing the reader with a stimulating exposé of the risks and benefits to economic development of the new decentralising trend. Of particular interest are the so-called "ten commandments" suggested by Ricardo Hausmann as a set of rules which should govern fiscal management in decentralised democracies. Discussion of these and other propositions makes for a lively, yet soundly based contribution to this very important debate.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Démocratie, décentralisation et déficits budgétaires en Amérique latine
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162501-en
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  • 49
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    Under One Roof : The Integration of Schools and Community Services in OECD Countries (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163423
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Programme on Educational Building - PEB Papers
    DDC: 370
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Recent years have seen a number of initiatives which seek to provide a range of community services on school sites, including adult education and other social and welfare services. These developments aim at co-ordinating more effectively services which are usually provided separately while optimizing the use of increasingly sophisticated and expensive educational buildings and equipment. However, providing integrated services "under one roof" poses a number of practical problems. What is the rationale for integrated service provision? What are the implications for the local authorities, planners and architects in charge of designing school sites that meet new requirements? This report presents the main lessons learned from a conference held in Stockholm, drawing on case studies from Finland, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Quebec, Sweden and the United Kingdom. The case studies provide a wealth of examples of solutions to the challenge of optimizing the use of existing schools by better integrating them into local communities and by promoting new synergies with other services.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163423-en
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  • 50
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    The Taxation of Global Trading of Financial Instruments (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162495
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (72 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La fiscalité relative à la mondialisation des opérations financières sur les instruments financiers
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Taxation
    Abstract: Technological change and financial deregulation have dramatically globalised financial markets. Financial firms have developed innovative financial instruments, such as swaps and derivatives, to meet the often different global demand of investors and borrowers and have organised themselves to sell such global financial products 24 hours a day. This phenomenon of global trading challenges tax payers and tax administrations to come up with a fair way of allocating and taxing the profits in each country where global trading is carried on. This publication thoroughly reviews the factual background to global trading, analyses the challenges posed to traditional taxation methods and discusses a range of policy options to tackle the problems. Although the paper discusses a specific industry sector, many of the issues raised, for example the high level of global integration of functions and intensive co-operation between different geographic locations, are becoming more common in other industries with the spread of globalisation and the communications revolution.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162495-en
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    Development Co-operation Reviews: Netherlands 1997 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162556
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (72 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Co-operation Reviews no.24
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement ; Pays-Bas 1997
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement : Pays-Bas 1997
    Keywords: Development ; Netherlands
    Abstract: The OECD Development Assistance Committee's 1997 review of the Netherlands development aid policies and programmes. It finds that The Netherlands is traditionally a strong performer in the community of aid donors. It has been among the leading donors in volume of official development assistance (ODA), the care with which it has been used, and in continuous efforts for increased effectiveness. In its triennial review of the Netherlands' aid policies and programmes, the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) was particularly interested in the Netherlands' ambitious, even daring, reorganisation of its development co-operation which was undertaken in 1996. This far-reaching reorganisation affects the budget process and staffing of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and embassies in recipient countries. The DAC also welcomed the planned focus of Dutch aid on poverty eradication through economic and social sector development and noted the four Dutch volume input targets. The trend in the Dutch ODA effort, which declined between 1986 and 1994 as a share of Dutch GNP ration has turned around between 1994 and 1996. In 1996, The Netherlands was the fourth-ranking DAC Member in terms of ODA/GNP ratio and the fifth-ranking in absolute terms. The Committee commended the Netherlands on its ODA performance and hoped that the Dutch Information and Awareness Programme would continue to help inform the Dutch public, which has registered firm support for Dutch aid.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162556-en
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    Contracting Out Government Services : Best Practice Guidelines and Case Studies No. 20 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162174
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Public Management Occasional Papers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mieux sous-traiter les services publics ; Principes directeurs et études de cas n 20
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mieux sous-traiter les services publics : Principes directeurs et études de cas n 20
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Contracting out government services is one of the principal market-type mechanisms applied in OECD Member countries. Its use is increasing in virtually all Member countries as the evidence mounts that contracting out can lead to efficiency gains while maintaining or increasing service quality levels. How can governments make the most of contracting out ? What lessons can be learned from past experiences ? This report presents the OECD Best Practice Guidelines for Contracting Out Government Services and accompanying case studies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162174-en
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    Fostering entrepreneurship (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264163719
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: The OECD Jobs Strategy
    Series Statement: The OECD jobs strategy
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Fostering entrepreneurship
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Stimuler l'esprit d'enterprise
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Stimuler l'esprit d'entreprise
    RVK:
    RL 60660
    RVK:
    RQ 10660
    RVK:
    QP 230
    RVK:
    QP 380
    Keywords: Intrapreneuring ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Osteuropa ; Unternehmensgründung ; OECD ; Unternehmensgründung ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Unternehmensgründung ; Öffentliche Förderung
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163713-en
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    Institutional investors in the new financial landscape (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264163069
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD proceedings
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Institutional investors in the new financial landscape
    RVK:
    QK 620
    RVK:
    QK 800
    Keywords: Konferenzschrift ; OECD ; Institutioneller Anleger ; Internationaler Kreditmarkt
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163065-en
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  • 55
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    Test No. 409: Repeated Dose 90-Day Oral Toxicity Study in Non-Rodents (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070721
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (9 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 409; Toxicité orale à doses répétées - non-rongeurs; 90 jours
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 409: Toxicité orale à doses répétées - non-rongeurs: 90 jours
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This method provides information on health hazard likely to arise from short-term exposure to test substance. The determination of sub-chronic oral toxicity using repeated doses may be carried out after initial information on toxicity has been obtained from acute or repeated dose 28-day toxicity tests. The method is based on the repeated oral administration of the substance of interest over a prolonged period (one dose level daily during 90 days). This Test Guideline is intended primarily for use with non-rodents species. The commonly used non-rodent species is the dog (the beagle is frequently used). At least 8 animals (4 female and 4 male) should be used for each test group. Three concentrations, at least, should be used. The test compound is administered in the diet or in the drinking water, by gavage or in capsules. A limit test may be performed if no effects would be expected at a dose of 1000 mg/kg bw/d. The results of this study include: measurements (weighing at least once a week, food/water consumption) and daily (preferably at the same time) and detailed observations (ophtalmological examination, haematology, clinical biochemistry and urinalysis), as well as gross necropsy and histopathology. A properly conducted 90-day subchronic test should provide a satisfactory estimation of a no-effect level.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070721-en
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    Reviews of National Policies for Education: Korea 1998 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162969
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Reviews of National Policies for Education
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation ; Corée 1998
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation : Corée 1998
    Keywords: Education ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: In the last 40 years, educational provision in Korea has grown at a rate unprecedented among OECD countries. Modern systems of education and training have been created, and rates of expansion have kept pace with demand for elementary, secondary, university and other forms of tertiary education. Despite these impressive gains, the Korean education system needs improvements to respond positively and creatively to the challenges of globalisation, the electronic revolution and the advent of society based on knowledge and information. This review covers the entire education and training system, including vocational and tertiary education. It assesses the main directions of the reform proposals put forward by the Presidential Commission on Educational Reform in May 1995. It makes recommendations for improvements in such key areas as: access to education and training opportunities within the context of lifelong learning; quality of learning to foster creativity at all levels; improving the inner dynamics of the education and training system to provide a reformed, decentralised system; and the knowledge and information base for the effective performance of the education and training system.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162969-en
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  • 57
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    Essai n 213: Abeille domestique, essai de toxicité aigue͏̈ par voie orale (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070172
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (8 p.)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 213; Honeybees, Acute Oral Toxicity Test
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 213: Honeybees, Acute Oral Toxicity Test
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice décrit une méthode d'essai en laboratoire, conçue pour évaluer la toxicité aiguë par voie orale, des pesticides et d'autres produits chimiques, pour des abeilles domestiques ouvrières adultes. Des abeilles domestiques ouvrières adultes sont exposées à cinq doses de la substance d'essai (appartenant à une série géométrique) dispersée dans une solution de saccharose. Trois groupes au minimum d'essai identiques, chacun de dix abeilles, devraient être dosés avec chaque concentration d'essai. Un étalon de toxicité (habituellement diméthoate) devrait être inclus dans la série d'essai. Les abeilles reçoivent ensuite la même alimentation, exempte de substance d'essai. L'essai limite correspond à un niveau de dose de 100 μg de substance active/abeille. La mortalité est enregistrée quotidiennement pendant au moins 48 heures et comparée aux valeurs contrôles. Si le taux de mortalité augmente entre 24 et 48h tandis que la mortalité des témoins demeure à un niveau acceptable, il est approprié de prolonger la durée de l'essai jusqu’à un maximum de 96 heures. Le rapport d'étude inclut la quantité de solution alimentaire consommée par groupe et l'observation de tous les comportements anormaux. Les résultats sont analysés afin de calculer le DL50 à 24h et à 48h et, au cas où l'étude serait prolongée, à 72h et à 96h.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070172-fr
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    Sustainable Development : OECD Policy Approaches for the 21st Century (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264174283
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (184 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: Since the Rio Earth Summit in 1992, sustainability has emerged as an over-arching policy goal in the OECD Secretariat and in its Member countries. Real progress depends upon the integration of environmental and social goals with economic ones. This publication provides an overview and analysis of trends and identifies policy gaps and trade-offs that have been encountered and points to future options. The authors document positive trends which have emerged signalling greater sustainability, as well as areas where progress has proved more elusive. While the main focus is the OECD region, expanding linkages -- among all countries and regions -- form an important part of the story. The coverage of the volume reflects the OECD's diverse subject matter expertise, and some of the interdisciplinary synergies that the Organisation can generate. Part I of this two-part volume concentrates on socio-economic issues, including the integration of economics and environment; trade and environment; changing consumption and production patterns; assessing environmental performance; development co-operation; and the evolution of aid agencies since Rio. Part II takes an in-depth look at nine sectoral issues: energy; transport; agriculture; toxic chemicals; climate change; nuclear energy; urbanisation; biotechnology; and education. In short, this publication gives essential keys to meet the major challengeof the 21st century: helping to make sustainability a reality.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264174283-en
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    Open Markets Matter : The Benefits of Trade and Investment Liberalisation (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162938
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Pour l'ouverture des marchés ; Les avantages de la libéralisation des échanges et de l'investissement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Pour l'ouverture des marchés : Les avantages de la libéralisation des échanges et de l'investissement
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Trade
    Abstract: The benefits of open markets are tangible. In the last decade, countries that have been more open to trade and investment have achieved double the average annual growth of more closed economies. More individuals, firms and nations than ever before depend on the gains from trade and investment liberalisation. Yet anxiety about the effects of greater market integration remains. It is essential for long-term world prosperity that countries' commitment to trade and investment liberalisation be sustained. To be credible, that commitment must be rooted in and enjoy broad public support and understanding. This makes it all the more important to communicate what trade and investment liberalisation can and cannot do and be held responsible for. Trade and investment liberalisation is not painless. It should not be viewed as a cure-all nor presented as an end in itself. It is, however, an essential component of any coherent set of policies aimed at helping societies adjust to - and take advantage of - technology-driven transformations whose pace and depth are unprecedented. The stakes are high. This book examines the various channels through which open markets deliver considerable benefits to societies and their citizens; recalls the real pocket-book costs of protectionism; and addresses the full range of concerns that feature prominently in ongoing discussions over the effects of market liberalisation on employment, income distribution, environmental protection and national sovereignty. A central message of this book is that liberalisation forms part of the solution to the concerns of citizens, rather than being their root cause. The book's comprehensive treatment of the ins and outs of trade and investment liberalisation should make an important contribution to the public debate. It is essential reading for public officials, business leaders and private citizens who wish to take an active part in it.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162938-en
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  • 60
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    Test No. 408: Repeated Dose 90-Day Oral Toxicity Study in Rodents (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070707
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (10 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 408; Toxicité orale à doses répétées - rongeurs; 90 jours
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 408: Toxicité orale à doses répétées - rongeurs: 90 jours
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This method provides information on health hazard likely to arise from exposure to test substance via oral administration. The determination of sub-chronic oral toxicity using repeated doses may be carried out after initial information on toxicity has been obtained from acute or repeated dose 28-day toxicity tests. The method is based on the repeated oral administration of the substance of interest over a prolonged period (one dose level daily during 90 days). This Test Guideline is intended primarily for use with rodents (rat preferably). At least 20 animals (10 female and 10 male) should be used for each test group. Three concentrations, at least, should be used. The test compound is administered by gavage or via the diet or drinking water. A limit test may be performed if no effects would be expected at a dose of 1000 mg/kg bw/d. The results of this study include: measurements (weighing at least once a week, food and water consumption) and daily and detailed observations (ophtalmological examination, haematology, clinical biochemistry and urinalysis), each day preferably at the same time; as well as gross necropsy and histopathology. A number of endocrine-related measurements, particularly relevant to thyoid function have been added in 2018. A properly conducted 90-day subchronic test should provide a satisfactory estimation of a no-effect level.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070707-en
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    Reviews of National Policies for Education: Russian Federation 1998 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162860
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Reviews of National Policies for Education
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation ; Fédération de Russie 1998
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation : Fédération de Russie 1998
    Keywords: Education ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: Education is a powerful force in building the new Russia: it can help its citizens meet the challenges of the new, emerging democratic society; develop in its labour force the talents, skills and dispositions required in the new economic and social setting; and harmonise national aims with regional concerns. The challenge to the education system in the Russian Federation is especially great because so many other social and economic systems are undergoing transition and reform simultaneously. Against the present context of fluid and uncertain conditions and significant financial constraint, school policies need to promote and support the adaptation and restructuring of curricula while reinforcing evident strengths in current provision and fostering the development of new, effective partnerships at national, regional and local levels. This report describes the most recent trends in schooling and education policy in the Russian Federation, and analyses the education reform initiatives under way. While supporting the overall policy trends now under way, its recommendations draw attention to particular problems and share new perspectives as well as identify ways to consolidate the ongoing reforms. Recommendations are offered for education goals, access and opportunity for all; curriculum and assessment; teachers and teacher education; reforming vocational and technical education within a changing economy; and management, finance and the role of government.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162860-en
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  • 62
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    OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Australia 1998 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162693
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (212 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE ; Australie 1998
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Australie 1998
    Keywords: Environment ; Australia
    Abstract: This report evaluates Australia's progress in reducing the pollution burden, improving natural resource management, integrating environmental and economic policies, and strengthening international co-operation. The analyses presented are supported by a broad range of economic and environmental data.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162693-en
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    Pour l'ouverture des marchés : Les avantages de la libéralisation des échanges et de l'investissement (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262935
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Open Markets Matter; The Benefits of Trade and Investment Liberalisation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Open Markets Matter: The Benefits of Trade and Investment Liberalisation
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Trade
    Abstract: L'ouverture des marchés offre des avantages tangibles. Au cours de la dernière décennie, les pays les plus ouverts aux échanges et à l'investissement ont enregistré une croissance annuelle moyenne deux fois supérieure à celle des économies plus fermées. Les individus, les entreprises et les pays sont plus nombreux que jamais à dépendre des gains de la libéralisation du commerce et de l'investissement. Cependant, l'intégration accrue des marchés suscite toujours de l'inquiétude. Un engagement durable des pays en faveur de la libéralisation est indispensable pour assurer la prospérité mondiale sur le long terme. Pour être crédible, cet engagement doit être légitimé par un large soutien public, fondé sur la compréhension de ses enjeux. Il est d'autant plus important de faire savoir ce que la libéralisation des échanges et de l'investissement peut ou ne peut pas accomplir et ce dont elle peut être tenue pour responsable. La libéralisation des échanges et de l'investissement n'est pas un processus indolore. Il ne faut pas la considérer comme une panacée ni comme une fin en soi. Néanmoins, elle constitue une composante essentielle de tout ensemble de politiques cohérent visant à aider les sociétés à s'ajuster -- afin d'en tirer profit -- aux transformations qu'induit le progrès technique, dont le rythme et l'ampleur sont sans précédent. Face à des enjeux aussi importants, cette publication examine les diverses voies qu'empruntent les marchés ouverts pour dispenser des bénéfices considérables aux sociétés et à leurs citoyens. Elle souligne les coûts monétaires du protectionnisme pour chacun et traite l'ensemble des préoccupations qui occupent une place importante dans le débat actuel sur les conséquences de la libéralisation des marchés pour l'emploi, la répartition du revenu, la protection de l'environnement et la souveraineté nationale. Cette étude délivre un message essentiel : la libéralisation n'est pas la cause première des inquiétudes des citoyens mais en constitue l'un des remèdes. Cette analyse exhaustive des tenants et des aboutissants de la libéralisation des échanges et de l'investissement devrait apporter une contribution majeure au débat public. Elle constitue une lecture indispensable pour les fonctionnaires, les dirigeants du monde des affaires et les particuliers qui souhaitent y prendre une part active.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262935-fr
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    Beneficial uses and production of isotopes (1998)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9264169539
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei, 54 S.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear development
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Beneficial uses and production of isotopes
    RVK:
    UN 5500
    Keywords: Nuklearindustrie ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; Isotopen ; Radionuklid ; Anwendung
    Abstract: Radioactive and stable isotopes are used throughout the world and in many sectors, including medicine, industry, agriculture and research. In many applications isotopes have no substitute, and in most others they are more effective and cheaper than alternative techniques or processes.This publication is the first international survey on the beneficial uses and production of isotopes. It provides an overview of their main uses, and detailed information on the facilities that produce them world-wide. Trends in isotope supply and demand are analysed, and the conclusions and recommendations presented point to key issues to be considered by governments.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Usages bénéfiques et production des isotopes
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  • 65
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    The battle against Exclusion volume 2 : social assistance in Belgium, the Czech Republic, the Netherlands and Norway (1998)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 192 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Combattre l'exclusion
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: L'aide sociale en Belgique, en Norvège, aux Pays-Bas et en République Tchèque
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264012035-en
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  • 66
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    Pays-Bas (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Edition: Edition 1997
    Series Statement: Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement 24
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Development Co-operation Reviews: Netherlands 1997
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262553-fr
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  • 67
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    Water Management : Performance and Challenges in OECD Countries (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162600
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (36 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gestion de l'eau ; Performances et défis dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Goldberg, Eduard Water management
    RVK:
    AR 22000
    RVK:
    QT 600
    Keywords: Wasserversorgung ; Gewässerbelastung ; Wasserwirtschaft ; Abwasserwirtschaft ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; OECD ; Wasserwirtschaft ; Management
    Abstract: This report examines the progress made in water management in OECD countries in the light of the objectives of Agenda 21. It presents the experience of the OECD programme of environmental performance reviews and focuses on issues of sustainable use of water resources, pollution control and water economics. Environmental performance reviews of Australia, Austria, Belarus, Bulgaria, Canada, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States have already been published.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162600-en
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  • 68
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    The Future of Asia in the World Economy (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162686
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Seminars
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'avenir de l'Asie dans l'économie mondiale
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. The future of Asia in the world economy
    RVK:
    QG 800
    Keywords: 23.06.1997 ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen ; Asien ; Development ; Konferenzschrift 1997 ; Asien ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Weltwirtschaft
    Abstract: Based on scenarios produced by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the OECD Development Centre, the authors consider ways in which long-term Asian growth can be consolidated to the benefit of the global economy as a whole. Looking beyond current economic difficulties, Asian countries have strong growth prospects, assuming they pay due attention to domestic institutional strengthening, investment in human capital and the conservation of environmental capital. This volume was produced as a product of the third "International Forum on Asian Perspectives", organised annually by the ADB and the OECD Development Centre. The purpose of the Forum is to encourage interchange of ideas between Asian and European specialists on questions of economic importance to the two regions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162686-en
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  • 69
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    Pour des politiques de l'emploi plus efficaces: la gestion locale (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262720
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Local Management for More Effective Employment Policies
    Keywords: Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Face à la persistance du chômage et aux disparités croissantes, les politiques de l'emploi et de la formation doivent être réorganisées pour gagner en efficacité. Les gouvernements s'y emploient en associant de plus en plus souvent les autorités locales et régionales, les partenaires sociaux, les secteurs privé et associatif à leur élaboration et à leur mise en oeuvre. La coordination des efforts déployés par ces acteurs, qui interviennent à des niveaux différents, constitue un défi de taille pour les gouvernements. Gérer localement l'emploi et la formation permet une plus grande flexibilité, et, partant, une meilleure utilisation de l'ensemble des ressources disponibles. Cette publication fait le point sur la décentralisation de la politique active du marché du travail dans les pays de l'OCDE et montre en quoi la gestion locale de l'emploi peut assurer la mise en oeuvre de politiques plus efficaces.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262720-fr
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    Actions concertées en faveur de l'agriculture durable (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262744
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Co-operative Approaches to Sustainable Agriculture
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment
    Abstract: Dans les pays de l'OCDE, certains agriculteurs se regroupent spontanément en associations pour favoriser une agriculture plus durable. Comment expliquer ce phénomène ? Comment l'encourager ? Dans quelle mesure de telles initiatives peuvent-elles remplacer ou compléter les mesures agri-environnementales mises en place par les pouvoirs publics ? Cette étude essaie de répondre à ces questions en analysant les expériences menées récemment par des groupements de protection des terres en Australie, au Canada, aux Pays-Bas et en Nouvelle-Zélande. Elle met aussi en lumière les conditions qui permettent à ces associations de travailler le plus efficacement ainsi que le type de projets qui leur convient le mieux. L'analyse des différentes expériences nationales permet de dégager un certain nombre d'observations générales et de formuler des recommandations précises. L'étude ouvre ainsi des perspectives nouvelles sur le rôle que peuvent jouer les associations spontanées dans la recherche de solutions locales concertées aux problèmes de l'environnement local.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262744-fr
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    Royaume-Uni (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Edition: Edition 1998
    Series Statement: Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement 25
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Development Co-operation Reviews: United Kingdom 1998
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262775-fr
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  • 72
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    Les crédits d'impôt fictif : Un réexamen de la question (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262850
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Tax Sparing; A Reconsideration
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Tax sparing uudelleenarvioitavana
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Tax Sparing: A Reconsideration
    Keywords: Taxation
    Abstract: Depuis maintenant plus de quarante ans, des clauses de crédits d'impôt fictif sont incluses dans les conventions fiscales bilatérales, y compris celles conclues entre pays de l'OCDE. Pourtant, le monde a beaucoup changé depuis l'époque où les pays Membres et non membres de l'OCDE ont élaboré leurs positions en la matière. Ces changements de l'environnement international ont conduit les pays à reconsidérer leur attitude face à l'adoption de clauses de crédits d'impôt fictif et à la formulation de ces clauses. Cette étude examine les pratiques des pays Membres et explique pourquoi ils sont désormais plus réticents à prévoir des clauses de crédit d'impôt fictif dans leurs conventions. Elle fait également un certain nombre de suggestions sur les "meilleures pratiques" en matière de formulation de clauses de crédits d'impôt fictif dans les conventions internationales.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262850-fr
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    La mobilité induite par les infrastructures (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263291
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Tables Rondes CEMT no.105
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Infrastructure-Induced Mobility
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Les routes créent-elles de la mobilité ? Une telle question est a priori surprenante. Pourtant, le fait que la présence de nouvelles routes -- ou infrastructures -- puisse inciter les usagers à les emprunter et, partant, à être plus mobiles, n'a rien de surprenant. Si la question continue de faire l'objet de débats animés, aucun expert ne doute plus de l'existence d'un phénomène de mobilité induite. En revanche, il s'avère difficile de mesurer ce phénomène, faute de données et d'expériences adéquates. Cette Table Ronde rassemble précisément les informations disponibles à ce jour sur la mobilité induite par de nouvelles infrastructures. A partir de rapports introductifs et des débats de la Table Ronde, on peut mesurer les progrès accomplis en quelques années. En effet, il y a dix ans à peine, le phénomène de la mobilité induite aurait été nié par beaucoup de spécialistes. Aujourd'hui, un consensus émerge, cette Table Ronde permet de le découvrir.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263291-fr
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    Benefit systems and work incentives (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Benefit systems and work incentives
    Keywords: Sozialpolitik ; Beschäftigungspolitik ; Steuerpolitik ; Kausalität ; Soziale Sicherheit ; Sozialer Ertrag ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Arbeitskultur ; Arbeitsdisziplin ; Anreiz ; Erde ; OECD ; Beschäftigungspolitik ; Einkommenspolitik ; Sozialleistungen
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    The Kyrgyz Republic (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Edition: Edition 1998
    Series Statement: Investment Guides
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163379-en
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    Vers un développement durable : Indicateurs d'environnement (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263208
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Towards Sustainable Development; Environmental Indicators
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Rumo a um Desenvolvimento Sustentável; Indicadores Ambientais
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Towards Sustainable Development: Environmental Indicators
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Rumo a um Desenvolvimento Sustentável: Indicadores Ambientais
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: La dimension internationale des problèmes environnementaux et l'intérêt des gouvernements pour le développement durable ont conduit ces derniers à identifier et à mesurer les progrès environnementaux ainsi que leurs liens avec la situation et l'évolution économiques. Cette publication présente les principaux indicateurs environnementaux du corps central de l'OCDE et contribue ainsi à l'évaluation des performances environnementales et des progrès vers un développement durable. Structuré par thèmes comme le changement climatique, la pollution de l'air, la biodiversité, et les déchets ou ressources en eau, cet ouvrage apporte des informations indispensables à tous ceux concernés par le développement durable .
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263208-fr
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  • 77
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    Technologie, productivité et création d'emplois : politiques exemplaires ; le chômage dans la zone de l'OCDE, 1950 - 1999 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei, 364 S.)
    Series Statement: La stratégie de l'OCDE pour l'emploi
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Technology, Productivity and Job Creation: Best Policy Practices 1998 Edition
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263413-fr
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  • 78
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    Macrothesaurus for Information Processing in the Field of Economic and Social Development : Fifth Edition (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162990
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (436 p)
    Edition: Fifth Edition
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Macrothesaurus for information processing in the field of economic and social development
    DDC: 025.4/93389
    RVK:
    QB 010
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: This new edition of the Macrothesaurus for Information Processing in the field of Economic and Social Development represents a continuation of the combined efforts of many organisations over a period of almost 30 years to create a common vocabulary to facilitate the indexing, retrieval and exchange of development-related information. The Macrothesaurus comprises descriptors (keywords) designed for indexing books and documents covering the field of economic and social development. It can also be used as a search aid for documentation centres, libraries, databases and on-line networks. Efforts have been made to improve the user-friendliness and flexibility of the Macrothesaurus by increasing the number of non-descriptors (i.e. cross-references) and scope notes in this edition. The preparation of this fifth edition was guided by an Advisory Committee composed of representatives from the International Development Research Centre, Ottawa, the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, New York, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and the OECD Development Centre, Paris.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162990-en
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    Different Paths to a Market Economy: China and European Economies in Transition (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163010
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Seminars
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La Chine et les économies européennes en transition; les voies de la réforme
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Different paths to a market economy
    DDC: 338.947
    RVK:
    QG 860
    Keywords: Systemtransformation ; Öffentlicher Haushalt ; Kapitalstruktur ; Vergleich ; China ; Osteuropa ; Development ; China, People’s Republic ; Konferenzschrift 1995 ; China ; Wirtschaftsreform ; Osteuropa
    Abstract: The similarities and differences between the transition experiences of the Central European countries and the People's Republic of China are often, wrongly, taken as alternative approaches to the same problem. In reality, there is great complexity, not only in the environments of these two great regions -- for China is as big as a region by itself -- but also within them and, therefore, great complexity in the transition process itself.The chapters in this volume, originally produced as papers for a joint OECD Development Centre/CEPR/CEPII Conference in Budapest, examine and contrast the experience of the different jurisdictions within which transition is underway. The authors concentrate on three, broad areas of commonality: public finance; foreign trade regime; and financial intermediation and a critical chapter synthesizes their findings at the end of each part. Differences do, of course, emerge, but so do similarities, leading to general policy conclusions applicable to all transition societies.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: La Chine et les économies européennes en transition
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163010-en
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  • 80
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    Tendances des migrations internationales (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263482
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1998
    DOI: 10.1787/migr_outlook-1998-fr
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  • 81
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    Les aides publiques à l'industrie au grand jour (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263574
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (248 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Spotlight on Public Support to Industry
    Keywords: Industry and Services
    Abstract: A travers les programmes d'aide, ce sont jusqu'à 45 milliards de dollars qui sont transférés chaque année des budgets publics vers l'industrie manufacturière des pays de l'OCDE. Mieux appréhender l'importance de ces aides est indispensable pour comprendre leur rôle au sein des stratégies d'ajustement structurel ainsi que les effets secondaires qu'elles peuvent avoir sur les échanges, la compétitivité et l'investissement. Cette exigence de transparence prend tout son sens dans une économie en voie de mondialisation soumise à une compétitivité internationale accrue. Cet ouvrage propose la première synthèse globale sur les aides publiques à l'industrie. Elle s'appuie sur un ensemble de données unique couvrant plus de 25 pays, pour retracer, analyser et évaluer les politiques d'aide tant à l'échelle internationale qu'au niveau national. Les programmes d'aide sont examinés de façon plus approfondie à travers 17 études de cas par pays. Le soutien à la R-D industrielle et les aides en faveur des investissements physiques et immatériels font également l'objet d'une attention particulière. L'analyse montre qu'il convient, dans presque tous les pays de l'OCDE, de limiter les effets de distortion que les subventions peuvent produire sur les échanges et de contenir les dépenses publiques dans le cadre des programmes d'aide à l'industrie compte tenu du besoin d'assainissement budgétaire. Cet ouvrage sans équivalent constitue un outil d'analyse précieux pour relever ces défis.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Spotlight on public support to industry
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263574-fr
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    Lithuania (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Edition: Edition 1998
    Series Statement: Investment Guides
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163683-en
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    The Second-Generation Pension Reforms in Latin America (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163614
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Queisser, Monika, 1963 - The second-generation pension reforms in Latin America
    DDC: 368.430098
    RVK:
    QG 630
    Keywords: Rentenreform ; Lateinamerika ; Peru ; Kolumbien ; Argentinien ; Uruguay ; Mexiko ; Bolivien ; El Salvador ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Lateinamerika ; Rentenreform
    Abstract: More than a decade after Chile moved from a public pay-as-you-go to a private funded pension system, seven more countries in Latin America have reformed their pension systems. This study provides a detailed description of all second-generation pension reforms in Latin America to date, evaluates the first years of operations of the new systems and outlines the problems and challenges which the systems are still facing. The basic common feature of the "second generation" pension reforms in Latin America is a greater role for funded, privately managed pensions. A move towards more funding is currently also discussed in many OECD countries as one possibility to confront the effects of ageing populations on pay-as-you-go pension systems. Thus, the Latin American reform experience is interesting not only for other developing countries about to embark on pension reform but also for policymakers and pension experts in OECD countries and transition economies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163614-en
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  • 84
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    Environnement économique et politique de transition vers l'économie de marché : l'Égypte (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263604
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (260 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Etudes du Centre de Développement
    Series Statement: Études du Centre de développement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Economics and Politics of Transition to an Open Market Economy; Egypt
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Economics and Politics of Transition to an Open Market Economy: Egypt
    Keywords: Development ; Egypt
    Abstract: Dans la région méditerranéenne, l'Égypte reste à la traîne en matière de réformes économiques. Ce livre en donne les raisons. Selon les auteurs, le système politique égyptien est, par nature, hostile à la réforme car il repose dans une large mesure sur le clientélisme et la domination de puissants groupes d'intérêt. De plus, la position stratégique de l'Égypte dans la politique moyen-orientale a favorisé les flux d'aide, créant un bien-être économique illusoire qui a rendu le besoin de changement moins perceptible. L'Égypte a ainsi pu échapper aux pressions du marché. Or, comme le montre cette étude, ces pressions sont le seul véritable stimulant d'une réforme fondamentale.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: The economics and politics of transition to an open market economy
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263604-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 85
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    Online Resource
    Perspectives de l'Emploi 1998 : juin 1998 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263086
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1998
    DOI: 10.1787/empl_outlook-1998-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fédération de Russie (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Edition: Edition 1998
    Series Statement: Examen des politiques agricoles de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Review of Agricultural Policies: Russian Federation 1998
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263123-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 87
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    Online Resource
    Value-Added Taxes in Central and Eastern European Countries : A Comparative Survey and Evaluation (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163492
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Cnossen, Sijbren, 1936 - Value-added taxes in Central and Eastern European countries
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    QL 641
    RVK:
    QL 418
    Keywords: Umsatzsteuer ; EU-Steuerrecht ; Osteuropa ; Taxation ; Europa ; Vergleich ; Osteuropa ; Umsatzsteuer
    Abstract: This is the first study of the Value-Added Tax (VAT) systems of the ten countries of Central and Eastern Europe preparing for integration into the European Union (EU). The study offers a comparative evaluation of the main features of the VAT systems between the ten countries surveyed and provides a commentary on the development of the VAT systems in line with the VAT legislation of the EU.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163492-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 88
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    Online Resource
    La restructuration des chemins de fer en Europe (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263475
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (157 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Rail Restructuring in Europe
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Les chemins de fer européens traversent une période de profonde restructuration visant à accroître leur efficacité et leur compétitivité. Il s'agit avant tout de développer la liberté commerciale en séparant plus nettement le rôle de l'Etat et celui des entreprises ferroviaires, mais aussi en ouvrant progressivement l'accès aux infrastructures ferroviaires. Ce rapport examine les réformes menées dans plus de 30 pays de l'Atlantique à l'Oural. La restructuration y est étudiée sous l'angle de l'autonomie de gestion, de la séparation infrastructure/exploitation, et des droits d'accès aux infrastructures ferroviaires.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Rail restructuring in Europe
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263475-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stimuler l'esprit d'entreprise (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263710
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (320 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: La stratégie de l'OCDE pour l'emploi
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fostering Entrepreneurship
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Qu'entend-on au juste par esprit d'entreprise ? Affronter la concurrence et prendre le risque de créer sa propre entreprise ? Certes, mais cela va beaucoup plus loin. Les entreprises créent emplois et richesse. Elles insufflent aussi à l'économie un dynamisme essentiel pour relever les défis de la mondialisation et du changement structurel. Stimuler l’esprit d’entreprise revient à mobiliser l’énergie entreprenariale pour en faire un processus dynamique utilisant toutes les opportunités qu’offre l’économie. Cet ouvrage analyse les facteurs qui facilitent l'entreprenariat et les obstacles qui le freinent. Il offre, et c'est une première, une synthèse globale des politiques de l’entreprenariat menées dans des pays aussi divers que l'Australie, l'Espagne, les Etats-Unis, les Pays-Bas ou la Suède. Si les situations varient sensiblement d'un pays à l'autre, les comparaisons internationales montrent que l’esprit d’entreprise repose toujours sur la conjonction d'un environnement institutionnel favorable, de programmes publics bien conçus et de facteurs culturels propices. Pour se développer, il doit pouvoir s’appuyer sur des marchés financiers efficaces, un marché du travail souple, une fiscalité des entreprises plus simple et plus transparente, et une réglementation des faillites mieux adaptée à la réalité des entreprises. Cet ouvrage analyse les politiques menées dans ces domaines, tout en s’intéressant au rôle de plus en plus important joué par les autorités locales et régionales, à la contribution que l’esprit d’entreprise peut apporter au secteur à but non lucratif, ainsi qu’à l’émergence de l’esprit d’entreprise dans les économies en transition. Une alchimie à l'évidence délicate à réaliser, mais d'autant plus essentielle que stimuler l'esprit d'entreprise n'est pas seulement une ambition économique majeure : c'est aussi un défi impérieux à relever pour réconcilier croissance économique et cohésion sociale. Cet ouvrage est le dernier titre en date de la Stratégie de l’OCDE pour l’emploi. Il répond à la mission plus large de l’OCDE de concevoir des politiques publiques aidant nos économies à s’adapter à la mondialisation et au changement structurel. Cet ouvrage a été réalisé sous la direction du Service du développement territorial de l’OCDE.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263710-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Intercity Transport Markets in Countries in Transition (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163744
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (296 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: ECMT Round Tables no.106
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le marché des transports interurbains dans les pays en transition
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Intercity transport markets in countries in transition
    DDC: 380
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Mitteleuropa ; Verkehrsentwicklung ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Verkehrspolitik ; Osteuropa ; Verkehrsentwicklung ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Verkehrspolitik
    Abstract: After the fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of the previous economic system, the countries of central and eastern Europe went into a deep economic recession, resulting in a decline in Gross Domestic Product that was mirrored by a serious downturn in the transport sector. The transport sector, like the economy in general, changed from a supply-based system to one driven by demand. Decisions were no longer imposed by central planners, but by the market. Round Table 106 set out to assess the state of the transport sector in central and eastern European countries after a period of five to six years of reform. Are the policies currently in place adequate to meet restructuring needs? All of the countries concerned are planning to join the European Union and with that in mind tend to organise their transport sector along the lines of the Community's model of competition. But is this model consistent with the attitudes and realities of former socialist countries? These are some of the issues addressed by the Round Table 106.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Le marché des transports interurbains dans les pays en transition
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163744-en
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  • 91
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    Public Attitudes and International Development Co-operation (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163850
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Organisation for Economic Co-op. and Dev./Dev. Centre 〈Paris Public attitudes and international development co-operation
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    QC 347
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungsorganisation ; Politische Kommunikation ; Nichtregierungsorganisation ; OECD-Staaten ; Development ; Konferenzschrift 1998 ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Öffentliche Meinung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: This collection of studies of public attitudes to development co-operation in OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) Member countries demonstrates that the concept of "aid fatigue" is misplaced. A serious lack of adequate knowledge about development co-operation, however, is also revealed. The opinions of policy makers are, therefore, overwhelmingly important and development education efforts should be specifically addressed to them. The book also demonstrates that the role of NGOs is important in general development education. Not only do these organisations mobilise their members in the development field, but their activities create a fund of information within their societies. Remarkable progress by both governments and NGOs has been made during the 1990s in improving co-operation domestically and in operational development activities in the field. Most DAC Member countries have significantly increased the involvement of NGOs in their development efforts, and most NGOs have become increasingly effective in their work. The editors conclude that NGOs and governments both need to work towards more and better public and political-level understanding of development efforts. This will require a wide range of complementary activities, some of which are best undertaken by NGOs, and others by government agencies.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: L'opinion publique et la coopération au développement
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163850-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Making the Curriculum Work (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Centre for Educational Research and Innovation
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163829
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Programmes scolaires ; Mode d'emploi
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Centre pour la Recherche et l'Innovation dans l'Enseignement Making the curriculum work
    RVK:
    QX 810
    RVK:
    DP 1400
    RVK:
    DP 1420
    Keywords: Lehrplan ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Sozialer Wandel ; Strukturwandel ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Curriculum planning ; Curriculum evaluation ; Curriculum change ; OECD ; Curriculum
    Abstract: How can curriculum content be adjusted to tomorrow's needs? Can student assessment help make curricula more relevant? How can further training for teachers make their teaching more effective? These questions lie at the heart of curriculum reform, which is unanimously ranked among the top priorities in education, but often approached too narrowly. To be truly effective, curricula must be fully consistent with both teaching practice and education policy. They must also equip students for the challenge of lifelong learning. Making the Curriculum Work approaches these interlinked imperatives via detailed analysis of the most recent experience and innovation in a number of countries, throwing new light on the curriculum issue.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Programmes scolaires
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163829-en
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  • 93
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    Online Resource
    Coopération pour le Développement - Rapport : Efforts et politiques des Membres du Comité d'aide au développement 1997 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262409
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1998
    DOI: 10.1787/dcr-1997-fr
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  • 94
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    Online Resource
    Cryptography Policy: The Guidelines and the Issues : The OECD Cryptography Policy Guidelines and the Report on Background and Issues of Cryptography Policy (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162426
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (40 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La politique de cryptographie ; les lignes directrices et les questions actuelles ; Les lignes directrices régissant la politique de cryptographie de l'OCDE et le rapport sur la politique de cryptographie ; contexte et questions actuelles
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development Cryptography policy
    RVK:
    ST 276
    Keywords: Datensicherheit ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Cryptography is one of the technological means to provide security for data on information and communications systems. It can be used to protect the confidentiality of data, such as financial or personal data, whether that data is in storage or in transit. Cryptography can also be used to verify the integrity of data by revealing whether data has been altered and identifying the person or device that sent it. These techniques are critical to the development and use of national and global information and communications networks and technologies, as well as the development of electronic commerce. This book includes the Recommendation of the OECD Council concerning Guidelines for Cryptography Policy, the text of the Guidelines itself, and a report which explains the context for the guidelines and the basic issues involved in the cryptography policy debate.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: La politique de cryptographie
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162426-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Best Practice Policies for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Edition: Edition 1997
    URL: Volltext
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Environmental Effects of Reforming Agricultural Policies (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162440
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La réforme des politiques agricoles ; Quels effets sur l'environnement ?
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Maier, Leo, 1958 - The environmental effects of reforming agricultural policies
    RVK:
    QS 700
    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Landwirtschaft ; Umweltbelastung ; Umweltschutz ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; OECD ; Agrarpolitik ; Umweltpolitik ; OECD ; Agrarpolitik ; Reformpolitik ; Umwelt
    Abstract: OECD countries have started to reform their agricultural policies in the last decade. Many countries have also implemented agri-environmental measures that are directly aimed at improving the environment. What are the changes in land use, farming practices and input use resulting from these reforms? What have been the effects on the environment: soils, water, air, biodiversity, wildlife habitat and landscape? How have regional and local conditions influenced the environmental outcomes? To what extent have agri-environmental measures contributed to achieving sustainable agriculture? And how could such measures be made more effective and cost-efficient? Through examining concrete policy experiences from OECD countries, this study concludes that agricultural policy reforms can improve the environment, provided they are accompanied by appropriate environmental measures.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: La réforme des politiques agricoles
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162440-en
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Les meilleures politiques pour les petites et moyennes entreprises (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262454
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1997
    DOI: 10.1787/sme_outlook-1997-fr
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  • 98
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    Online Resource
    La fiscalité relative à la mondialisation des opérations financières sur les instruments financiers (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262492
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p)
    Series Statement: Documents de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Taxation of Global Trading of Financial Instruments
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Taxation
    Abstract: Les progrès technologiques et la déréglementation financière ont entraîné une mondialisation spectaculaire des marchés financiers. Les entreprises financières ont développé de nouveaux instruments financiers, tels que les échanges financiers et les produits dérivés, pour répondre à la demande globale souvent divergente des investisseurs et des emprunteurs. Elles se sont également organisées afin d'être en mesure de vendre 24 heures sur 24 ces produits financiers mondialisés. Ce phénomène de mondialisation des transactions financières représente un défi pour les contribuables et les administrations fiscales pour parvenir à une méthode équitable de répartition et d'imposition des bénéfices dans chaque pays où les transactions sont réalisées. Cette publication examine d'une manière approfondie le contexte de la mondialisation des transactions, analyse les défis posés aux méthodes traditionnelles d'imposition et étudie un large éventail d'options pour résoudre les problèmes. Bien que cet ouvrage soit consacré à un secteur spécifique, il soulève de nombreuses questions, telles que le haut niveau d'intégration mondiale des fonctions et la coopération intensive entre les différents sites géographiques, qui deviennent de plus en plus courantes dans d'autres secteurs industriels du fait de la mondialisation et de la révolution des communications.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262492-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Immigrants, integration and cities : exploring the links (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 926416295X
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Series Statement: OECD proceedings
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Immigrants, integration and cities
    RVK:
    MS 3600
    RVK:
    QU 400
    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift ; Einwanderungspolitik ; Soziale Integration ; Stadt
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162952-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Technology, Productivity and Job Creation : Best Policy Practices 1998 Edition (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163416
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (328 p.) , ill.
    Edition: 1998 Edition
    Series Statement: The OECD Jobs Strategy
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Technologie, productivité et création d'emplois ; Politiques exemplaires Edition 1998
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Technologie, productivité et création d'emplois : Politiques exemplaires Edition 1998
    Keywords: Employment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: While the development of new knowledge is becoming increasingly important in the emerging knowledge-based economy, the impact of technology on growth, jobs and welfare is determined largely by the way in which technology is diffused, absorbed and used throughout the economy. For technological progress to bring not only higher productivity but also economic expansion and new jobs it is pivotal with conditions which allow for industrial restructuring, entry and expansion of small firms, growth of new industries, launching of new products, and mechanisms accounting for effective upskilling of the labour force. This report points to a decline in public support for research and development (R&D), mainly affecting basic, long-term research, and examines the levelling-off in private sector R&D along with changes in its direction away from basic, exploratory research towards more market-driven and short-term innovative efforts. It explores how the special characteristics of national innovation systems impact on the mechanisms for innovation and diffusion of technology, and examines the rationale for policy in this area. A key challenge for policy makers is to co-ordinate measures so as to obtain consistent and credible incentives for firms and individuals. Assessing what works and what does not work in policy, the report identifies "best practices" in specific areas: management of the science base; financial support for industrial R&D efforts; technology diffusion policies and initiatives; policies for new technology-based firms; policies for facilitating growth in new demand; and policies for high-performance workplaces and intangible investment. Despite many initiatives, OECD countries have not yet fully adapted to the characteristics and challenges of knowledge-based economies. Technology policies continue to be too piecemeal, paying insufficient attention to linkages within national innovation systems and to broader structural reforms. They focus too much on the small high-tech segment of the economy and too little on fostering innovation and technology diffusion economy-wide. There is also scope for improving the effectiveness of policies, notably through increased use of market-based instruments and better evaluation. Recommendations are put forward of measures to be taken by individual OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163416-en
    URL: Volltext
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