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  • 1995-1999  (76)
  • OECD  (76)
  • Schnorbus, Axel
  • Finance and Investment  (46)
  • Transport  (30)
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Language
Years
Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
Subjects(RVK)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Asia and the Global Crisis : The Industrial Dimension (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264173620
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: It was a financial crisis, or was it? Did a band of speculators and money-changers pull the rug out from under the Thai, Malaysian, Philippine, Indonesian and Korean economies, thereby trashing the Asian Miracle? Or were more profound, longer-term pressures building in these economies which finally boiled over in 1997? In this book, the OECD explodes the myth of conspiracy and evil design, showing that well-intentioned and previously successful economic policies put the Asian economies at risk. Generous support for heavy and high-tech industries created "turnkey" companies with an excessive reliance on imported technology and inputs. In many cases, the success of these industries came at the expense of small and medium-sized enterprises, and more generally of the ability to foresee and respond to the need for adjustment. There were also detrimental effects as traditionally strong parts of these economies lost their competitive edge due to limitations in technological linkages coupled with upward pressures on wage costs and appreciating exchange rates. The book shows that the Asian breakdown had far-reaching structural global implications extending beyond the financial sphere. In examining the policy implications, the OECD argues that far-reaching industrial reforms are needed to accompany the measures being taken to address the financial aspects of the crisis. Learning the lessons from these reforms will reduce the risk of similar crashes in the future.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264173620-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Aspects sociaux du transport routier (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264273047
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Social Aspects of Road Transport
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Le séminaire, qui s’est tenu à Paris en décembre 1998, a été un forum de discussion particulièrement intéressant puisqu'il a permis de rassembler la communauté scientifique internationale et les instances en charge de la préparation des décisions politiques. Réunissant des délégués de plus de trente pays d’Europe, il a été l’occasion de débats autour de quatre thèmes récurrents : - les conditions de travail, notamment les effets des modifications envisagées du temps de travail sur la sûreté du travail et la santé du conducteur ; - l’accès à la profession et le devenir de celle-ci ; - les enjeux économiques, que ce soit la compétitivité des entreprises, la sous-traitance, la concurrence entre entreprises ou entre pays ; - le rôle et les limites des autorités publiques : faut-il de nouveaux règlements ou ne doit-on pas avant tout veiller à appliquer les règlements existants ? Doit-on aller vers des conventions collectives ou des règlements nationaux/internationaux ? Quels contrôles instaurer et quelles doivent en être les modalités ?
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264273047-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transport Economics Research and Policymaking (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264173842
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recherche en économie des transports et décision politique
    DDC: 338/.049/072 21
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport ; Konferenzschrift 1999 ; Verkehrswirtschaft ; Verkehrspolitik
    Abstract: The main goal of this Seminar was to understand the relationship between transport economics research and policymaking. In Europe, there is an extremely wide range of research approaches (a single government agency or several organisations, a national research programme or one-off contracts, etc.). What do these approaches have in common and what is the ideal research structure? With regard to researchers and research sponsors, monopolies should be avoided. Links between researchers and policymakers need to be as direct as possible. And it is also important that research findings be presented by communication specialists and disseminated very early on, before the final stages of research. Drawing on the presentation and analysis of national experiences, the Seminar spawned numerous recommendations that can help to define a national research policy, and suggested ways in which researchers and policymakers can organise the relationship between economic research and policymaking in the transport sector.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264173842-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Les redevances d'usage des infrastructures ferroviaires (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263918
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Tables Rondes CEMT no.107
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. User Charges for Railway Infrastructure
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: La séparation opérée en Europe -- au moins sur le plan comptable -- entre l'infrastructure ferroviaire et l'exploitation des trains s'est accompagnée de l'introduction progressive de redevances d'accès à l'infrastructure destinées à couvrir les coûts de circulation des trains. Mais déterminer le montant et la forme de ces redevances n'est pas chose facile, faute d'expériences vraiment probantes dans ce domaine. De fait, les systèmes de redevances diffèrent sensiblement selon les pays et les objectifs poursuivis lors de la mise en place de ce type de tarification sont multiples, voire contradictoires. Face à ce constat, la Table Ronde a tenu à rappeler, à travers ses rapports introductifs et ses débats, quelques principes économiques fondamentaux qui éclairent ce que pourrait être un système rationnel de redevances d'usage des infrastructures ferroviaires. Elle permet ainsi de faire le point sur l'un des aspects déterminants de la réforme ferroviaire en Europe. Cette Table Ronde examine tout particulièrement l'expérience de l'Allemagne, de la France, du Royaume-Uni et de la Suède.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263918-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stratégies de sécurité routière en rase campagne (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264272910
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Recherche en matière de transport routier et intermodal
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Safety Strategies for Rural Roads
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Plus de 75 000 personnes sont tuées chaque année sur les routes de rase campagne des pays de l'OCDE, ce qui représente près de 60 pour cent de l'ensemble des accidents mortels de la circulation. Ces pertes en vie humaine ont un coût économique de l'ordre de 135 milliards de dollars US. La proportion relative du nombre de tués sur les routes de campagne comparée au nombre total de tués dans les accidents de la circulation est passée de moins de 55 % en 1980 à plus de 60 % en 1996. Étant donné que les pays de l'OCDE ont connu une réduction du nombre total d'accidents mortels au cours des vingt dernières années, cela signifie clairement que les mesures de sécurité visant les autoroutes et les zones urbaines ont été bien plus fructueuses que celles visant les routes rurales. Après un examen approfondi des caractéristiques des accidents de la route en rase campagne, cet ouvrage propose une série de mesures de sécurité portant sur la gestion de l’infrastructure, les contrôles de police, les outils innovants, comme les systèmes de transport intelligents, ainsi que sur la gestion des traumatismes. Ce livre s'attache à faire prendre conscience aux usagers de la route, aux décideurs et aux hommes politiques de l'importance de la sécurité sur les routes en zone rurale. Il constitue un manuel très utile pour les autorités locale, régionale ou nationale, qui cherchent à améliorer -- souvent à faible coût -- la sécurité des routes de rase campagne.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264272910-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Les investissements transnationaux de portefeuille face à l'impôt : Organismes de placement collectif et distorsions fiscales (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264274488
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Taxation of Cross-Border Portfolio Investment; Mutual Funds and Possible Tax Distortions
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Taxation of Cross-Border Portfolio Investment: Mutual Funds and Possible Tax Distortions
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Taxation
    Abstract: Les dix dernières années ont été marquées par un gonflement sensible des flux transnationaux de capitaux et par un déplacement prononcé de leur composition au profit des investissements de portefeuille, une bonne partie de ces capitaux étant gérée par des organismes de placement collectif (OPC) résidant dans les pays de l'OCDE, ainsi que dans des zones off shore en régime d'exonération fiscale. Ces phénomènes incitent les pays à réexaminer et à contrôler le fonctionnement de leur réglementation fiscale dans ce domaine, notamment en ce qui concerne l'interaction des règles fiscales nationales avec les régimes et pratiques d'autres pays, afin de permettre aux pouvoirs publics de réaliser leurs objectifs. Cet ouvrage analyse l'imposition des investissements transnationaux de portefeuille par l'intermédiaire d'organismes de placement collectif. Il met en évidence d'éventuelles distorsions fiscales spécifiques au domaine des organismes de placement collectif dans le cas d'un groupe représentatif de pays de l'OCDE. Cette analyse et les calculs qui l'étayent se veulent avant tout illustratifs et ne prétendent pas rendre compte de toute la richesse des permutations possibles entre régimes fiscaux. Mais ils identifient clairement les principales distorsions fiscales, les conditions de neutralité et les solutions offertes aux pouvoirs publics.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264274488-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Echanges, investissement et développement : Pour la cohérence des politiques (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264274235
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trade, Investment and Development; Policy Coherence Matters
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trade, Investment and Development: Policy Coherence Matters
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development ; Trade
    Abstract: Le développement devrait pouvoir progresser plus rapidement que jamais dans la nouvelle économie mondiale. Si l'ouverture des économies en développement aux échanges et à l'investissement est une condition nécessaire pour instaurer une croissance élevée et durable en participant à l’économie mondiale, ce n’est en aucun cas une condition suffisante. Enclencher une dynamique de croissance durable requiert des politiques économiques saines et obéissant aux principes du marché, des politiques sociales d'accompagnement adaptées, ainsi qu'une bonne gestion des affaires publiques. Mais comme l'a démontré la crise financière asiatique, des carences dans ces trois domaines peuvent fragiliser des économies en développement même très performantes. Les pays de l'OCDE ont un rôle central à jouer pour faciliter les efforts que mènent les pays en développement pour tirer parti de tous les avantages de l'ouverture aux échanges et à l'investissement. Le principal objectif de cette étude est de déterminer comment les pays de l'OCDE peuvent promouvoir la cohérence des politiques en : améliorant le cadre dans lequel s'inscrivent les flux internationaux d'investissement et de capitaux ; en prenant en compte les préoccupations environnementales ; et en facilitant la participation des pays en développement à la société mondiale de l'information. Pour être couronnée de succès, il est nécessaire que la cohérence des politiques prenne délibérément en compte les besoins et les intérêts des pays en développement, afin d'en faire des acteurs de l'économie mondial efficaces, plutôt que vulnérables et marginaux. Pour en savoir plus Echanges, investissement et développement : Optimiser les bénéfices de l'ouverture des marchés
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264274235-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Quels marchés pour les transports par voies navigables ? (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264280038
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Tables Rondes CEMT no.108
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. What Markets Are There For Transport by Inland Waterways?
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Alors que le marché européen des transports de marchandises a pratiquement doublé en volume entre 1970 et 1995, le transport par voie d’eau connaît une certaine stagnation. Jusqu'à présent, les voies d'eau ont surtout servi à transporter des produits que les restructurations industrielles ont frappé de plein fouet. Mais le passé ne préfigure pas nécessairement l’avenir. En effet, les voies d'eau peuvent aisément s’insérer dans des chaînes logistiques où la régularité d’approvisionnement et le bas coût de transport importent plus que la rapidité. Le transport de matières dangereuses ou les acheminements de conteneurs pourraient également être des marchés porteurs. La Table Ronde a identifié un large éventail d'actions susceptibles de faciliter le développement de la navigation intérieure (ne pas privilégier le déchirage de la cale, favoriser le regroupement d’entreprises et la création de coopératives, inciter le secteur privé à investir, etc.). Cet ouvrage jette un jour nouveau sur le transport par voies navigables et montre que ce mode de transport pourrait avoir un fort bel avenir si les bateliers devenaient de véritables entrepreneurs.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264280038-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Das transports efficients pour l'Europe : Politiques pour l'internalisation des coûts externes (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264273665
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (292 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Efficient Transport for Europe; Policies for the Internalisation of External Costs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Efficient Transport for Europe: Policies for the Internalisation of External Costs
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Alors que les services des transports sont un maillon essentiel du développement économique et social, leurs effets négatifs font l'objet d'une attention politique croissante. Pour réduire ces coûts externes, l'internalisation procède à des ajustements des charges, taxes et réglementations destinées à maximiser l'efficience économique. Ce rapport : - résume la dimension théorique et pratique de l'internalisation ; - passe en revue les estimations récentes des coûts externes du transport ; - explore les diverses politiques qui pourraient être utilisées pour promouvoir efficacement l'internalisation ; - et évalue en termes monétaires le montant des incitations requises.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264273665-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Communication in Road Safety : International Seminar - Warsaw, 2-3 October 1997 (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264173057
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (162 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sécurité routière ; comment communiquer ? ; Séminaire international - Varsovie, 2-3 octobre 1997
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sécurité routière : comment communiquer ? : Séminaire international - Varsovie, 2-3 octobre 1997
    DDC: 363.12/5
    RVK:
    QR 850
    RVK:
    ZO 4870
    Keywords: Transport ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Europa ; Verkehrssicherheit
    Abstract: This seminar, which took place on 2-3 October 1997 at the Josefow Conference Centre near Warsaw, set out to define the role and place of communication in the field of road safety, examine the different strategies of communication and identify their limits. The seminar was attended by 130 experts from 23 countries with ECMT membership or observer status. The discussions established that communication is an essential element of a global road safety policy in that it aims to inform, alert, educate, convince and ultimately alter people’s attitudes and behaviour. The resources employed and the channels of communication used can differ from country to country, depending on the topic addressed, the national culture and the goals to be achieved. Communication cannot be an end in itself, however: it can only be the complement of other measures. It must have a time frame within which the objectives set have to be attained. Evaluation of communication effectiveness is likewise essential.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264173057-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Investment in Transport Infrastructure -- 1985-1995 (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264173118
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (460 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les investissements en infrastructure de transport -- 1985-1995
    Keywords: Transport ; Europa ; Transport ; Verkehrsinvestition ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Geschichte 1985-1995
    Abstract: This publication reviews investment trends in transport infrastructure in Europe from 1985 to 1995. It provides data relative to roads, railways, urban railways, inland waterways, oil pipelines, ports and airports of ECMT Member countries. Investments linked to multimodal/combined transport infrastructure are examined in depth. Information is also given on maintenance expenditure in transport infrastructure. For the first time, readers will find data on infrastructure expenditure for Central and Eastern European countries. ECMT countries: Albania, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (F.Y.R.O.M.), Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, the Russian Federation, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine and the United Kingdom.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264173118-en
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Safety Strategies for Rural Roads (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264172913
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (142 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Road Transport and Intermodal Linkages Research Programme
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Stratégies de sécurité routière en rase campagne
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: More than 75 000 people are killed each year on rural roads in OECD countries; this represents about 60% of fatal road crashes. This loss of lives has an economic cost of around US$135 billion per year. The relative share of rural road fatalities in total road fatalities has risen from less than 55% in 1980 to more than 60% in 1996. While there has been a reduction in the total number of road fatalities in OECD countries during the past 20 years, it is clear that safety improvements on motorways and urban roads have been more successful than those on rural roads. Following an in-depth review of the characteristics of road crashes in rural areas, the book proposes a series of safety measures, focusing on infrastructure management, enforcement, innovative tools, such as intelligent transport systems, and trauma management. The book strives to raise the awareness of road users, decision makers and politicians of the importance of road safety in rural areas. It is a very useful handbook for local, regional or national authorities seeking to improve -- sometimes at very low cost -- safety on rural roads.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264172913-en
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Foreign Direct Investment and the Environment (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264266315
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Environment ; Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Foreign direct investment (FDI) is one of the driving forces binding countries into closer economic interdependence. The rapid increase in FDI flows has generated considerable debate about its environmental implications, in particular the impacts on environmental quality in the investment host country. A broader issue is the role of FDI in promoting sustainable development. To date, much of the debate has been polemical in nature. This volume moves the debate forward by analysing in a clear and considered manner the key issues in the FDI and environment relationship. Empirical evidence from OECD and non-OECD countries is presented and the strengths and weaknesses of policy and institutional frameworks that guide investors' environmental behaviour are discussed. In addition, the emerging role of voluntary commitments on the environment is examined. Best practices in this area are highlighted. The papers were presented at the OECD Conference on Foreign Direct Investment and the Environment held in January 1999 in The Hague.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264266315-en
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  • 14
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    UEM : Faits, défis et politiques (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264272606
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (238 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. EMU; Facts, Challenges and Policies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. EMU: Facts, Challenges and Policies
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics
    Abstract: Le lancement de l'euro jette les bases d'une intégration économique sans précédent rassemblant 11 pays, 16 % du PIB mondial et 290 millions d'habitants. Pour la première fois l'OCDE étudie la « zone euro » comme une entité à part entière et analyse la préparation minutieuse qui a mené à la monnaie unique ainsi que les enjeux soulevés par son introduction. La convergence macro-économique déjà réalisée et le cadre institutionnel désormais en place ne doivent pas faire oublier qu'il subsiste nombre d'incertitudes.Une articulation des politiques monétaire et budgétaire qui soit à la hauteur des enjeux reste à définir. La capacité de l'UEM à absorber les chocs économiques doit en outre être revue et renforcée. Plus particulièrement, une flexibilité accrue du marché du travail apparaît primordiale afin de compenser la perte d'autonomie monétaire qu'implique la participation à l'UEM et ainsi éviter que les ajustements ne s'effectuent davantage au détriment de l'emploi. Un chapitre spécial de cet ouvrage aborde les obstacles que constituent encore le manque de mobilité des travailleurs et la trop grande rigidité des modes de fixation des salaires. Les enjeux des années à venir résident dans ces questions, et cet ouvrage les aborde à la lumière des analyses les plus éclairantes que permet la réflexion économique contemporaine. Sa vocation n'est pas de donner des recettes figées, mais plutôt de dégager, sur la base d'analyses et de chiffres inédits, les lignes d'action les plus favorables au succès de l'union monétaire. Une lecture exigeante et sans complaisance, qui s'adresse à tous ceux qui souhaitent comprendre les mécanismes économiques à l'oeuvre.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264272606-fr
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  • 15
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    EMU : Facts, Challenges and Policies (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264172609
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (216 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. UEM ; Faits, défis et politiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. UEM : Faits, défis et politiques
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics
    Abstract: The launch of the euro reinforces the foundations for unprecedented economic integration encompassing 11 countries, 16 per cent of world GDP and 290 million people. For the first time, the OECD has studied the euro-area as a fully-fledged economic entity and has analysed the intensive preparations that led to the single currency, as well as the economic issues raised by its introduction. Despite the macroeconomic convergence already achieved and the institutional framework that has been established, the fact is that many uncertainties remain. An approach to co-ordinating monetary and budgetary policies that is up to the issues at stake has still to be fully defined. And the euro area's ability to absorb economic shocks must be assessed and strengthened. In this respect it is vital for labour markets to become more flexible and adaptable if they are to compensate for the loss of national monetary autonomy which EMU implies and if adjustment is not to be at the expense of jobs. A special chapter discusses the obstacles to geographic labour mobility and the rigidity of wage setting mechanisms. These are some of the challenges that must be faced in the years to come, and this study discusses them in the light of the most penetrating and informative analysis today’s economists can provide. It does not prescribe set remedies, but drawing on analyses and figures never published before, attempts to identify the best policies for ensuring the success of the monetary union. This is a complex study that takes a hard look at the issues and will be of great interest to anyone wishing to understand the economic mechanisms at work.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264172609-en
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  • 16
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    L' économie mondiale de demain : vers un essor durable ? (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264274013
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Future of the Global Economy; Towards a Long Boom?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Die Weltwirtschaft von morgen; Ein neues goldenes Zeitalter ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. O Futuro da Economia Global; Rumo a uma expansao duradoura?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Future of the Global Economy: Towards a Long Boom?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Die Weltwirtschaft von morgen: Ein neues goldenes Zeitalter ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. O Futuro da Economia Global: Rumo a uma expansao duradoura?
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Les puissantes forces de changement qui convergent en cette fin de XXe siècle pourraient jeter les bases d'un essor économique durable pour les décennies à venir. La transition vers une société fondée sur le savoir pourrait générer de prodigieux gains de productivité. L'intégration des marchés mondiaux des biens, des services, du capital et de la technologie s'approfondit constamment. Et l'affirmation croissante d'une véritable conscience environnementale pourrait accélérer le passage à des modes de production et de consommation ménageant davantage les ressources. Il pourrait en résulter plusieurs décennies de croissance économique plus soutenue, des gains substantiels de revenus et de richesse, ainsi qu'une amélioration significative du bien-être à travers le monde.Mais comment libérer toute la dynamique de ces forces ? Toute une série d'initiatives sera nécessaire pour établir les règles et les cadres permettant de passer à une économie du savoir mondiale et durable. Mais par dessus tout les décideurs, que ce soit au niveau des gouvernements, des entreprises ou de la société en général, devront faire des efforts extraordinaires pour encourager l'innovation permanente, la créativité et des niveaux élevés d'investissement, tout en donnant l'impulsion à des approches novatrices qui accroissent la coopération internationale et favorisent la mise en place d'institutions efficaces. Même s'il est inévitable que les bénéfices diffèrent selon les pays, les capacités de création de richesses libérées par ce nouvel essor économique offrent une occasion unique d'inverser la tendance à l'accroissement des inégalités et de l'exclusion qui a marqué les dernières décennies.Ce livre s'appuie sur l'analyse des forces économiques et sociales à l'oeuvre dans le monde d'aujourd'hui, pour évaluer la probabilité d'un nouvel essor économique dans les premières décennies du XXIe siècle et mettre en lumière les politiques stratégiques indispensables pour en faire une réalité.Pour en savoir plus Les technologies du XXIe siècle : Promesses et périls d’un futur dynamique.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264274013-fr
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    Measuring Globalisation: The Role of Multinationals in OECD Economies 1999 : = Mesurer la mondialisation: le poids des multinationales dans les économies de l'OCDE 1999 (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264074187
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (308 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: This publication presents for the first time detailed data on the role played by multinationals in the industrial sectors of the OECD economies. In an era of globalisation, these data highlight the increasing importance of multinationals in the economies of host countries, particularly in production, employment, value added, research and exports. The data also show that multinationals make a positive contribution to the economic development of host countries: productivity levels are well above those of national firms; salaries are generally higher; and numbers of employees are growing faster than those of national firms. The R&D efforts and technology transfers of multinationals strengthen the innovation capacity and competitiveness of host countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264074187-en-fr
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  • 18
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    Structural Aspects of the East Asian Crisis (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264172937
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (288 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The once booming dynamic economies in Asia were drawn into a whirlpool of business failures and economic devastation following the flotation of the Thai baht in July 1997, and the consequent collapse of asset prices and currency depreciations in several East Asian countries. High growth in these emerging market economies had masked important structural weaknesses that eventually triggered the economic slump now referred to as the Asia Crisis. To address the structural measures needed to restore sustained economic growth and stability in the crisis-affected countries, this book brings forth analyses and recommendations on the crisis from internationally respected economists and policy makers and the OECD. Overall, experts conclude that, to deal with the crisis and alleviate social distress, structural reforms of government, business and the financial sector must be undertaken rapidly. Such reforms must be established with a long-term view to protect these and other countries from future crises. Economic recovery in Asia is a high priority for the OECD. As an international organisation with experience across a broad range of structural issues, it is a unique forum for the exchange of views on national experiences with policy reforms and possible improvements in the functioning of financial markets. In November 1998, the OECD's Centre for Co-operation with Non-Members (CCNM) held the symposium that led to this publication. Experts from OECD Member and non-member economies attended the symposium. This publication assembles their contributions and provides insight into the possible role of the OECD in promoting economic recovery in the region.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264172937-en
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  • 19
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    Liberalisation of International Insurance Operations : Cross-border Trade and Establishment of Foreign Branches = Libéraliser les opérations internationales d'assurance : Les échanges transfrontières et l'établissement de succursales étrangères (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073074
    Language: Multiple languages , English , French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    QR 560
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Versicherungswirtschaft ; Internationalisierung
    Abstract: This publication provides a unique overview and analysis of the main measures and practices which affect international insurance operations in OECD countries. The survey focuses in particular on main insurance fields where obstacles to a full liberalisation may still exist, i.e. cross-border trade and establishment of foreign branches. This is the first time since 1983 that such a work is undertaken by the OECD. This study will certainly contribute to further liberalisation of insurance markets in OECD countries and will provide an indispensable reference tool for any person involved in issues related to trade in insurance.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073074-en-fr
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  • 20
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    Insurance Regulation and Supervision in Asia (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264180123
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (440 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 346.5/086
    RVK:
    QQ 600
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This is the first OECD publication dealing with insurance issues in Asia. It provides a unique overview and analysis on insurance regulation and supervision in Asia. Dedicated studies are included on Brunei, Hong Kong China, Indonesia, Laos, Macau, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Chinese Taipei, Thailand and Vietnam.Thanks to the broad range of high-quality information and the importance of issues addressed, this set of texts should constitute a reference work on insurance policy for policy makers and experts in the public sector, actors in the private sector and academics both in OECD Member countries and non-Member economies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264180123-en
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  • 21
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    Financial Liberalisation in Asia : Analysis and Prospects (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264172562
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Seminars
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La libéralisation financière en Asie ; Analyses et perspectives
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La libéralisation financière en Asie : Analyses et perspectives
    RVK:
    QM 331
    RVK:
    QL 270
    RVK:
    QG 800
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development ; Industry and Services ; Asien ; Kreditmarkt ; Krise
    Abstract: Rapid globalisation has brought substantial benefits to developing Asia, but it has also heightened the risks associated with policy mistakes, weak financial institutions, and problems in corporate and public governance. The 1997 Asian crisis has demonstrated the urgent need to rethink the sequencing and comprehensiveness of financial liberalisation. Would further opening of Asia's financial systems be helpful or counterproductive in fostering financial stability? What structural reforms do emerging economies need to undertake to ensure that capital inflows are transformed into productive investment? Which regulatory and other requirements would have to be attached to further financial liberalisation? And what role should international organisations and the private sector play in crisis resolution?This volume seeks to provide answers to these questions by discussing the roots of the Asian financial crisis and suggesting some constructive approaches to crisis resolution. It was produced jointly by the Asian Development Bank and OECD Development Centre based on their fourth joint annual Forum on Asian Perspectives.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264172562-en
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  • 22
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    Trade, Investment and Development: Reaping the Full Benefits of Open Markets (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264173309
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Échanges, investissement et développement ; Optimiser les bénéfices de l'ouverture des marchés
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Échanges, investissement et développement : Optimiser les bénéfices de l'ouverture des marchés
    RVK:
    QC 300
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development ; Trade ; Freihandel ; Globalisierung ; Entwicklung
    Abstract: Developing and transition economies are seeking to accelerate their development by liberalising trade and investment, and taking advantage of the opportunities of the global market place. However, in the wake of recent financial crises, concerns have been expressed that some countries might turn away from open trade and investment. In fact, most crisis-affected countries are continuing to liberalise trade and investment, which they see as part of the solution to the crisis, not the cause. This report reviews evidence of the benefits and challenges of trade and investment for development, drawing on experiences from economies in various parts of the world. Experience shows that open trade and investment have been beneficial for development, when accompanied by a coherent set of growth-oriented macroeconomic and structural policies, capacity-building, social policy and good governance. Further, countries like Korea and Mexico that have responded to economic crisis with liberalisation and structural reform have experienced positive results. All countries -- developed, developing and transition -- have a vital stake in a new Round of multilateral trade negotiations to prepare for the global economy of 21st century.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264173309-en
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  • 23
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    Foreign Direct Investment Policy and Promotion in Latin America (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264173729
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Política y Promoción de la Inversión Extranjera Directa en América Latina
    RVK:
    QM 355
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Konferenzschrift 1998 ; Lateinamerika ; Direktinvestition
    Abstract: What is the investment policy orientation in Latin America in the light of the present world financial environment? What are the perspectives for developing a multilateral framework for investment rules and what would be the Latin American involvement in this effort? How can appropriate policies and regulatory environment for attracting foreign direct investment in Latin America be created? These were the main issues of the Lima Workshop on "Foreign Direct Investment Policy and Promotion in Latin America" organised in December 1998 by the OECD and the Commission of the European Union in co-operation with the Peruvian Government. This set of texts can constitute a reference work on foreign investment policy for policy makers and experts in the public sector, actors in the private sector and academics both in emerging market economies and in OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264173729-en
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  • 24
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    Recherche en économie des transports et décision politique (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264273849
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transport Economics Research and Policymaking
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Comprendre les liens qui existent entre la recherche en économie des transports et la décision politique, tel était le principal objectif de ce Séminaire. En Europe, les expériences sont extrêmement variées en matière de recherche (organisme public national ou pluralité d’organismes, programme national de recherche ou contrats sporadiques, etc.). Quels sont leurs points communs et, surtout, quelle est la structure idéale ? Tout d'abord, il s'agit d'éviter les monopoles, tant de ceux qui effectuent les recherches que de ceux qui les commanditent. Il est également souhaitable que les liens entre chercheurs et hommes politiques soient aussi directs que possible. Enfin, il conviendrait que les résultats des recherches soient présentés par des spécialistes en communication et disséminés très tôt, sans attendre le stade final des recherches. Des expériences nationales, présentées et analysées lors de ce Séminaire, se dégagent un grand nombre de recommandations utiles à la définition des politiques nationales en matière de recherche. Ce Séminaire ouvre également aux chercheurs et aux hommes politiques de nouvelles pistes pour mieux organiser les liens entre recherche économique et politique dans le secteur des transports.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264273849-fr
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  • 25
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    Freight Transport and the City (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264173910
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (218 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: ECMT Round Tables no.109
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les transports de marchandises et la ville
    RVK:
    QR 860
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport ; Konferenzschrift 1997 ; Güterverkehr ; Stadt
    Abstract: The aim of every politician is to transform the city into an environmentally sustainable entity. However, while the planning and organisation of passenger services within cities is commonly perceived as a major issue, freight transport is not given the full attention it deserves. As a general rule, the role which freight transport plays in the economy of cities is simply not understood. What invariably attracts attention, on the other hand, is the added pollution and congestion caused by freight transport. Europe has recently produced a host of new urban development schemes which place more or less severe restrictions on freight movements in cities. While some cities have introduced measures in line with the town planning objectives of territorial development plans, others have adopted short-term solutions to traffic management problems. Since we know that cities are living entities whose vital processes can be disrupted, how can we be sure that all of these measures are a step in the right direction? Our lack of experience makes this a question we would be well advised to consider. The Round Table reviewed the various aspects of freight transport by examining experiences in different countries and by discussing some of the more innovatory approaches adopted.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264173910-en
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  • 26
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    La congestion routière en Europe (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264280045
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Tables Rondes CEMT no.110
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Traffic Congestion in Europe
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Le problème des embouteillages fait souvent la une de l’actualité et y remédier constitue l’une des priorités des hommes politiques. On ne compte plus les études recensant le nombre d’heures perdues dans les « bouchons ». Les chiffres sont si alarmants qu’ils donnent une image apocalyptique des embouteillages. Toutefois, au-delà des problèmes vécus au quotidien par les automobilistes, les avis commencent à diverger quant à l’ampleur du phénomène et les moyens d’y faire face. Cette Table Ronde s’est attachée à donner une définition de la congestion routière et à en mesurer l'ampleur réelle. Elle a ensuite cerné son évolution et ses conséquences. Enfin, elle a évoqué les solutions susceptibles d’être apportées pour y remédier. Dressant un panorama de la situation à l’échelle européenne, elle permet de faire le point sur l’un des aspects les plus visibles du dysfonctionnement des systèmes de transports.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264280045-fr
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  • 27
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    The Future of the Global Economy : Towards a Long Boom? (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264174016
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'économie mondiale de demain ; vers un essor durable ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Die Weltwirtschaft von morgen; Ein neues goldenes Zeitalter ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. O Futuro da Economia Global; Rumo a uma expansao duradoura?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'économie mondiale de demain : vers un essor durable ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Die Weltwirtschaft von morgen: Ein neues goldenes Zeitalter ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. O Futuro da Economia Global: Rumo a uma expansao duradoura?
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: As the 20th century draws to a close, powerful forces of change are converging that could set the stage for a long, sustained economic boom in the next few decades -- the transition to a knowledge-based society with its potentially huge productivity gains; the emergence of more deeply integrated, global markets for goods, services, capital and technology; and a fast-growing environmental awareness that could greatly accelerate the shift to new, less resource-intensive production and consumption patterns. The result could be several decades of above-average economic growth, substantial increases in income and wealth, and significant improvements in well-being across the world. But what will it take to unleash these dynamic forces? Not only will it call for a range of initiatives to establish the rules and frameworks for guiding the transition to a sustainable global knowledge economy, but above all, it will require exceptional efforts among decision makers in government, business and society at large to encourage continuous innovation, creativity and high levels of investment, and to promote bold new approaches to closer international co-operation and institution building. Inevitably some countries will benefit more than others, but a long boom with all its wealth creating capacity would offer a unique opportunity to reverse the trends of the last decades towards deepening inequality and exclusion. This book reviews the forces driving economic and social change in today's world. It asesses the likelihood of a long boom materialising in the first decades of the 21st century and explores the strategic policies essential for making it happen.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264174016-en
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  • 28
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    Política y Promoción de la Inversión Extranjera Directa en América Latina (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264080072
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Foreign Direct Investment Policy and Promotion in Latin America
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Hacia donde está orientada la política de inversión en América Latina en el presente entorno financiero? Cuáles son las perspectivas para desarrollar un marco multilateral para las reglas de inversión y como se involucraría el continente Latinoamericano en este esfuerzo? Cómo formular una adecuada política y un entorno regulador apropiado para la atracción de la inversión extranjera directa en América Latina? Estos fueron los principales temas de discusión del taller celebrado en Lima, Perú: “Política y Promoción de la Inversión Extranjera Directa en América Latina” organizado en diciembre, 1988 por la OCDE y la Comisión de la Unión Europea con la cooperación del Gobierno Peruano. Esta copilación de los principales textos del taller constituye un trabajo de referencia en política de inversión extranjera para expertos del sector público y representantes del sector privado y académico; tanto de los países emergentes como de los países miembros de la OCDE
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264080072-es
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  • 29
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    Sécurité routière : comment communiquer ? : Séminaire international - Varsovie, 2-3 octobre 1997 (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264273054
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Communication in Road Safety; International Seminar - Warsaw, 2-3 October 1997
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Communication in Road Safety: International Seminar - Warsaw, 2-3 October 1997
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: L’objectif de ce séminaire qui s’est déroulé les 2 et 3 octobre 1997 au Centre de Conférences de Josefow, près de Varsovie, était de définir le rôle et la place de la communication dans le domaine de la sécurité routière, d'étudier les diverses stratégies de communication et d'en identifier les limites. Ce séminaire a rassemblé 130 experts venant de vingt-trois pays différents, qu'il s'agisse de pays Membres ou de pays associés aux travaux de la CEMT en tant qu’observateurs. Il est ressorti des débats que la communication est l’un des éléments d’une politique globale de sécurité routière, élément qui vise à informer, sensibiliser, éduquer, convaincre et finalement modifier les attitudes et les comportements. Selon les thèmes retenus, les cultures nationales et les cibles à atteindre, les moyens mis en oeuvre et les canaux de communication peuvent être différents d’un pays à l’autre. En tout état de cause, il apparaît que la communication ne saurait être une fin en soi : elle ne peut qu’accompagner ou amplifier d’autres mesures. Aussi doit-elle s’inscrire dans la durée et veiller à ce que les objectifs fixés soient atteints. Il est également indispensable que les travaux de communication fassent l'objet d'évaluations rigoureuses.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264273054-fr
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  • 30
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    Les investissements en infrastructure de transport -- 1985-1995 (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264273115
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (464 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Investment in Transport Infrastructure -- 1985-1995
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Cette publication décrit l’évolution des investissements consacrés aux infrastructures de transport en Europe de 1985 à 1995. Ces informations concernent les routes, les chemins de fer, les systèmes ferroviaires urbains, les voies navigables intérieures, les oléoducs, les ports et les aéroports des pays membres de la Conférence Européenne des Ministres des Transports. Les investissements liés aux infrastructures de transport intermodal/combiné font l’objet de considérations spécifiques. Des informations sont également données sur les dépenses d'entretien des infrastructures de transport. Enfin, le lecteur trouvera pour la première fois dans cet ouvrage des données sur les dépenses d’infrastructure des pays d’Europe centrale et orientale. Pays membres de la CEMT : Albanie, Allemagne, Autriche, Azerbaïdjan, Bélarus, Belgique, Bosnie-Herzégovine, Bulgarie, Croatie, Danemark, Espagne, Estonie, Ex-République Yougoslave de Macédoine (E.R.Y.M.), Fédération de Russie, Finlande, France, Géorgie, Grèce, Hongrie, Irlande, Islande, Italie, Lettonie, Lituanie, Luxembourg, Moldova, Norvège, Pays-Bas, Pologne, Portugal, République slovaque, République tchèque, Roumanie, Royaume-Uni, Slovénie, Suède, Suisse, Turquie et Ukraine.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264273115-fr
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  • 31
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    Trade, Investment and Development: Policy Coherence Matters (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264273504
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (84 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Échanges, investissement et développement ; Pour la cohérence des politiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Échanges, investissement et développement : Pour la cohérence des politiques
    RVK:
    QC 347
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development ; Trade ; OECD ; Entwicklungspolitik
    Abstract: The development process can advance more rapidly than ever before in the new global economy. While opening their economies to trade and investment is a necessary condition for developing countries to achieve sustained high growth and reduce poverty, it is by no means a sufficient condition. Initiating a sustainable dynamic growth requires sound, market-oriented economic policies; appropriate social policy frameworks, including strong investment in human capital and adequate social safety-nets; and good governance. But, as shown by the Asian financial crisis, weaknesses in any of these basic foundations make even successful developing economies vulnerable to crisis. OECD countries have a pivotal role to play in facilitating developing countries' efforts to fully exploit the benefits of open trade and investment. The key objective of this report is to identify how OECD countries can promote policy coherence by improving the framework for international investment and capital flows; addressing environmental concerns; facilitating participation of developing countries in the global information society; and enhancing the coherence of development co-operation policies. To be successful, policy coherence implies the broader agenda of consciously taking account of the needs and interests of developing countries in order for them to be effective rather than vulnerable and marginal players in the global economy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264273504-en
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  • 32
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    Les transports de marchandises et la ville (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264273917
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Tables Rondes CEMT no.109
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Freight Transport and the City
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Faire de la ville un espace durablement respectueux de l'environnement est l'aspiration de tout homme politique. Mais contrairement aux transports de personnes, dont l'importance est communément admise, la planification et l'organisation des transports de marchandises ne reçoit pas toute l'attention qu'elle mérite. Le rôle économique du transport de marchandises dans la ville n'est pas toujours perçu, alors que la pollution et les encombrements qu'il génère sont invariablement montrés du doigt. On assiste en Europe à une floraison de projets d’aménagement urbain accompagnés de mesures de circulation plus ou moins restrictives limitant le transport de marchandises. Certaines villes adoptent des mesures relevant de la planification urbaine et de la gestion de l'espace, d’autres tentent d'apporter des solutions à court terme aux problèmes de circulation. Mais les villes étant des organismes vivants, dont le bon fonctionnement est susceptible d’être perturbé, comment être sûr que toutes ces dispositions vont dans la bonne direction ? Cette question essentielle mérite réflexion car nous manquons d'expérience dans ce domaine. La Table Ronde a examiné les différents aspects du transport de marchandises en ville en s'appuyant sur un large éventail d’expériences nationales et en analysant certaines des approches les plus novatrices.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264273917-fr
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  • 33
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    Foreign Direct Investment, Development and Corporate Responsibility (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264174139
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    QM 355
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Konferenzschrift 1999 ; Auslandsinvestition ; Kapitaltransfer ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Abstract: OECD countries believe that foreign direct investment (FDI) will play a critical role in the rise of standards of living among nations well into the 21st century. A crucial aspect will be whether FDI’s contribution to economic development will respond in a balanced and sustainable way to the aspirations and expectations of host and home countries alike. This and other related issues were highlighted at a conference on the Role of Investment in Development, Corporate Responsibilities and OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises. This event provided a unique forum for dialogue between participants from OECD member states and developing countries, academic, business and labour circles and civil society on the development impact of FDI, the effectiveness of national policies and the responsibilities of multinational enterprises. These issues are expected to be taken up again at the forthcoming WTO Ministerial in Seattle.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264174139-en
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  • 34
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    Foreign Direct Investment and Recovery in Southeast Asia (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264174207
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    QM 355
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Auslandsinvestition ; Südostasien
    Abstract: The financial crisis in Asia has brought to the fore the question of the appropriate policies for recovery and for future sustainable development. One area of particular importance is the treatment of foreign investors. Foreign direct investment has played a leading role in many of the economies of the region, particularly in export sectors, and has been a vital source of foreign capital during the crisis. The four countries reviewed in this study - Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand - have all tended to welcome inward investment for its contribution to exports but have often been less willing to open up the domestic market to such investors. This study discusses the role assigned to foreign firms in the development strategies of the four countries in the past and looks at how a more balanced approach to the treatment of foreign investors could contribute to a more sustainable development path in the future.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264174207-en
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  • 35
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    Echanges, investissement et développement : Optimiser les bénéfices de l'ouverture des marchés (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264273306
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (60 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trade, Investment and Development; Reaping the Full Benefits of Open Markets
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trade, Investment and Development: Reaping the Full Benefits of Open Markets
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development ; Trade
    Abstract: Les économies en développement et en transition s'efforcent d'accélérer leur développement en libéralisant leurs échanges et leurs investissements, et en saisissant les opportunités offertes par l'économie mondiale. A la suite des crises financières récentes, la crainte a cependant été exprimée que certains pays se détournent de la libéralisation des échanges et de l'investissement. En fait, la plupart des pays touchés par la crise continuent de libéraliser échanges et leurs investissements, en quoi ils voient une solution, et non une cause de la crise. Cette étude examine les avantages et les enjeux de la libéralisation des échanges et de l'investissement pour le développement, en s'appuyant sur les expériences menées par des économies de différentes régions du monde. L'expérience montre que l'ouverture des marchés et de l'investissement a été bénéfique lorsqu'elle s'est accompagnée d'un ensemble cohérent de mesures macroéconomiques et structurelles conçues pour stimuler la croissance, d'un renforcement des capacités, d'une politique sociale appropriée, et d'une bonne gestion des affaires publiques. Qui plus est, des pays comme la Corée ou le Mexique, qui ont opposé à la crise économique la libéralisation et les réformes structurelles, en ont tiré des résultats positifs. Un nouveau cycle de négociations commerciales multilatérales est donc d'un intérêt vital pour tous les pays -- développés, en développement ou en transition -- pour préparer l'économie mondiale du XXIe siècle. Pour en savoir plus Echanges, investissement et développement : Pour la cohérence des politiques
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264273306-fr
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  • 36
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    Taxation of Cross-Border Portfolio Investment : Mutual Funds and Possible Tax Distortions (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264172883
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les investissements transnationaux de portefeuille face à l'impôt ; Organismes de placement collectif et distorsions fiscales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les investissements transnationaux de portefeuille face à l'impôt : Organismes de placement collectif et distorsions fiscales
    RVK:
    QM 352
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Taxation ; Gewinn ; Steuer ; Steuervermeidung
    Abstract: The past decade has witnessed a significant increase in cross-border capital flows and a pronounced shift in their composition towards portfolio investment, with much of the capital under management by mutual funds or "collective investment institutions" resident in OECD countries, as well as in offshore tax-free environments. These developments motivate countries to review and monitor the operation of their tax rules in this area, notably the interaction of domestic tax rules with tax systems and practices in other countries, to ensure that policy goals are being addressed. This book analyses the taxation of cross-border portfolio investments by means of collective investment institutions. Possible tax distortions specific to the area of collective investment institutions are identified for a representative group of OECD countries. The analysis and calculations contained in the book, while illustrative and not capturing the full richness of the possible permutations under tax regimes, draw out key tax distortions, neutrality conditions and policy options.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264172883-en
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  • 37
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    Glossary of Insurance Policy Terms (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264173217
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Glossaire des termes d'assurance
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The OECD has produced a unique glossary of insurance policy terms which covers selected topics ranging from insurance policy regulation/supervision to general trade issues. It includes technical terms related to issues such as claims, premiums and provisions with specific references to individual countries and cross references to the OECD Insurance Guidelines for Economies in transition and related OECD publications. It is a reference tool for public officials in the insurance sector, academic and business communities worldwide.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264173217-en
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  • 38
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    La libéralisation financière en Asie : Analyses et perspectives (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264272569
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Séminaires du Centre de Développement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Financial Liberalisation in Asia; Analysis and Prospects
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Financial Liberalisation in Asia: Analysis and Prospects
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: La mondialisation rapide a été particulièrement bénéfique aux pays d'Asie en développement, mais elle a également accru les risques liés aux erreurs de politique économique, à la faiblesse des institutions financières et à une mauvaise gestion des affaires publiques et privées. La crise asiatique de 1997 a montré à quel point il est urgent de revoir le rythme et l'ampleur de la libéralisation financière. La poursuite de l'ouverture des systèmes financiers asiatiques serait-elle propice ou au contraire préjudiciable à la stabilité financière ? Quelles réformes structurelles les économies émergentes devraient-elles mettre en oeuvre pour garantir la transformation des flux de capitaux en investissements productifs ? De quelles exigences, notamment réglementaires, doit s'accompagner une libéralisation financière plus poussée ? Et quelle part les organisations internationales et le secteur privé devraient-ils prendre à la résolution de la crise ? Cet ouvrage tente de répondre à ces questions en examinant les causes profondes de la crise financière asiatique et en proposant quelques approches constructives pour la résoudre. Cette publication fait suite au quatrième Forum sur les perspectives asiatiques organisé conjointement par la Banque asiatique de développement et le Centre de Développement de l'OCDE.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264272569-fr
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  • 39
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    Social Aspects of Road Transport (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264173040
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Aspects sociaux du transport routier
    DDC: 388.3/24/094
    RVK:
    QR 850
    Keywords: Transport ; Konferenzschrift 1998 ; Lastkraftwagenfahrer ; Arbeitsbelastung
    Abstract: The Seminar, held in Paris in December 1998, was a forum for discussion, in a broad sense, gathering together people from international scientific circles and people responsible for the preparation of political decisions. Bringing together delegates from more than 30 European countries, it was the occasion to discuss the following four recurring topics: working conditions: effects of foreseen modifications of working time on both the security and health of drivers; access to, and future of, the profession; the economic stakes: business competitivity, subcontracting, competition not only between enterprises but also between countries; and the role and limits of public authorities.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264173040-en
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  • 40
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    Examens de l'OCDE sur l'investissement direct étranger : Brésil 1998 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263147
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE sur l'investissement direct étranger
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Foreign Direct Investment; Brazil 1998
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Brazil
    Abstract: Le Brésil est sur le point de devenir l'un des plus importants pays d'accueil de l'investissement direct étranger (IDE) d'Amérique latine et du monde. L'attrait exercé par le Brésil s'est sensiblement accru grâce aux réformes économiques importantes et aux privatisations de grande envergure qui en ont fait le plus grand marché latino-américain ainsi qu'un acteur-clé du Mercosur. La propagation de la libéralisation, la restructuration de l'économie brésilienne et la poursuite de l'intégration économique devraient amplifier cette tendance dans les années à venir. Il y a tout lieu de se féliciter des politiques mises en place par le gouvernement du Brésil pour enrayer la discrimination à l'égard des investisseurs étrangers et de leurs investissements, protéger leurs actifs (tangibles ou intangibles) et créer des mécanismes de règlement des différends. Cette étude souligne cependant qu'un certain nombre d'inquiétudes subsistent en matière d'accès au secteur bancaire, de discrétion réglementaire ou administative et de barrières structurelles. Mais l'adhésion aux principes de libéralisation de l'OCDE sont de nature à consolider et conforter le gouvernment brésilien dans la voie des réformes, tout en offrant un cadre favorable à l'expansion des relations entre le Brésil et les pays de l'OCDE dans le domaine de l'IDE.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263147-fr
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  • 41
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    Investment Guides: Lithuania 1998 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163683
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Investment Guides
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    QG 472
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; Lithuania
    Abstract: Since 1991, the Lithuanian Government has instituted a number of reforms which led to an increase in the level of foreign investment. The Investment Guide for Lithuania has been prepared with three objectives in mind : firstly, to identify those areas of economic activity which present opportunities for foreign investors; secondly, to provide the investor with comprehensive information relating to the historical, political, economic, financial and legal framework, essential for sound and secured foreign investment; thirdly, to draw on the experiences of the foreign investors in Lithuania, and to assess the business, investment and regulatory environment.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163683-en
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  • 42
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    Transport Infrastructure in ECMT Countries : Profiles and Prospects (Monographs) (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163034
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (472 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'infrastructure des transports dans les pays de la CEMT ; Panorama et Perspectives (Monographies)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'infrastructure des transports dans les pays de la CEMT : Panorama et Perspectives (Monographies)
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Transport networks in Europe are insufficiently integrated and subject to widespread and increasing congestion, particularly on the roads. This publication reviews these issues and, more specifically, examines the problem of providing better access to Western Europe for peripheral regions and for Central and Eastern Europe, as well as the need to upgrade networks. Current responses to these problems are inadequate. Statistics and analytical tools are lacking, national approaches are highly differentiated, and analyses and concepts are rudimentary and overly sectoral. This publication analyses, on an homogeneous basis, the inland transport infrastructures, the investment forecasts and the main traffic flows in 30 European countries of the ECMT. This comparative presentation may be considered as a first step towards better knowledge of the European background.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163034-en
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  • 43
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    Capital Flows and Investment Performance : Lessons from Latin America (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163454
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mouvements des capitaux et performances des investissements ; Les leçons de l'Amérique latine
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Capital flows and investment performance
    RVK:
    QG 630
    Keywords: Kapitalimport ; Auslandsinvestition ; Investition ; Sparen ; Lateinamerika ; Finance and Investment ; Development ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Lateinamerika ; Internationale Kapitalbewegung ; Geschichte 1990-1997
    Abstract: Countries receiving large-scale capital inflows are at risk if these flows do not find their way into productive and long-term investment, as the Asian crisis of the late 1990s has proven. This book, the result of a joint project between the OECD Development Centre and the UN Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), examines the policies of a group of major Latin American countries faced with large inflows. The authors conclude that domestic policies impact on the effects of capital inflows. They demonstrate that certain countries, particularly Chile and Colombia, have been able to use policy to direct capital inflows into investment and thereby reduce the risk of instability in the financial sector. Such policies lead to effective management of foreign capital inflows and the creation of a stable, growth-oriented environment conducive to more sound external investment. The lessons of this book are as applicable in other regions of the world as they are in Latin America.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Mouvements des capitaux et performances des investissements
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163454-en
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  • 44
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    Rapport sur la situation actuelle du transport combiné en Europe (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263758
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Report on the Current State of Combined Transport in Europe
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Ce rapport sur la situation actuelle du transport combiné en Europe dresse tout d'abord un panorama de la situation de ce type de transport pour trente pays d'Europe Membres de la CEMT. Les pays étudiés sont aussi bien ceux d'Europe centrale et orientale qui ont récemment adhéré à la Conférence que les Membres de longue date, pour lesquels les développements les plus récents sont mis à jour depuis l'étude réalisée en 1992 sur les améliorations des grandes liaisons internationales par ferroutage. Le champ d'observation couvert par cette étude, au-delà de la route et du rail, s'étend aux voies navigables et à la navigation maritime à courte distance. Ainsi pourront être mieux pressenties les faiblesses actuelles du transport combiné et les améliorations possibles. Sur la base de ce rapport, le Conseil des Ministres de la CEMT a adopté une série de recommandations qui s'adressent aux différents partenaires, tant publics que privés, nationaux ou internationaux, et qui portent sur certains éléments nécessaires pour garantir à la fois une amélioration effective et un développement durable du transport combiné. Ces recommandations figurent également dans cette publication.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Report on the current state of combined transport in Europe
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263758-fr
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  • 45
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    Internationalisation of Industrial R&D : Patterns and Trends (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163782
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (110 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'internationalisation de la R-D industrielle ; Structures et tendances
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Hatzichronoglou, Thomas-George, 1944 - Internationalisation of industrial R & D
    DDC: 607/.2
    RVK:
    QP 210
    Keywords: Industrieforschung ; Multinationales Unternehmen ; Betriebliche Standortwahl ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; Forschung und Entwicklung ; Industrie ; Internationalisierung
    Abstract: In an age of globalising production, the internationalisation of industrial R&D is an increasingly pronounced feature in OECD countries. But just how extensive a phenomenon is it? What proportion of national research is under foreign control, and in which sectors? How much R&D do multinational corporations undertake outside their own home countries? This report also analyses the linkages between the production and R&D activities of foreign affiliates in OECD countries, and of affiliates of domestic firms abroad, on a sectoral level. It highlights the need to reassess each country's potential for R&D and innovation, in the light of what is being done both within and beyond its borders.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: L'internalisation de la R-D industrielle
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163782-en
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  • 46
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    La fiscalité relative à la mondialisation des opérations financières sur les instruments financiers (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262492
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p)
    Series Statement: Documents de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Taxation of Global Trading of Financial Instruments
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Taxation
    Abstract: Les progrès technologiques et la déréglementation financière ont entraîné une mondialisation spectaculaire des marchés financiers. Les entreprises financières ont développé de nouveaux instruments financiers, tels que les échanges financiers et les produits dérivés, pour répondre à la demande globale souvent divergente des investisseurs et des emprunteurs. Elles se sont également organisées afin d'être en mesure de vendre 24 heures sur 24 ces produits financiers mondialisés. Ce phénomène de mondialisation des transactions financières représente un défi pour les contribuables et les administrations fiscales pour parvenir à une méthode équitable de répartition et d'imposition des bénéfices dans chaque pays où les transactions sont réalisées. Cette publication examine d'une manière approfondie le contexte de la mondialisation des transactions, analyse les défis posés aux méthodes traditionnelles d'imposition et étudie un large éventail d'options pour résoudre les problèmes. Bien que cet ouvrage soit consacré à un secteur spécifique, il soulève de nombreuses questions, telles que le haut niveau d'intégration mondiale des fonctions et la coopération intensive entre les différents sites géographiques, qui deviennent de plus en plus courantes dans d'autres secteurs industriels du fait de la mondialisation et de la révolution des communications.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262492-fr
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  • 47
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    Le marché des transports interurbains dans les pays en transition (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263741
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (324 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Tables Rondes CEMT no.106
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Intercity Transport Markets in Countries in Transition
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Après la chute du Mur de Berlin et la fin de l'ancien système économique, les pays d'Europe centrale et orientale ont traversé une crise économique profonde caractérisée par une contraction de leur Produit Intérieur Brut et une réduction corrélative très importante des transports. A l'instar de l'économie en général, les transports sont passés d'un système axé sur l'offre à un système où prime la demande. Les décisions ne sont plus imposées par une volonté planificatrice mais par le marché. Aussi, après cinq ou six ans de réformes, la Table Ronde 106 a cherché à faire le point sur la situation des transports dans les pays d'Europe centrale et orientale. Les politiques qui sont menées présentent-elles les caractéristiques adéquates pour faire face aux besoins de transformation ? Tous les pays étudiés envisagent d'adhérer à l'Union Européenne, aussi tendent-ils à adopter le modèle de concurrence européen en matière de transports. Mais ce modèle est-il adapté aux mentalités et réalités des anciens pays socialistes ? Ces questions figurent, parmi d'autres, au coeur des discussions de la Table Ronde 106.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Intercity transport markets in countries in transition
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263741-fr
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  • 48
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    The Second-Generation Pension Reforms in Latin America (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163614
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Queisser, Monika, 1963 - The second-generation pension reforms in Latin America
    DDC: 368.430098
    RVK:
    QG 630
    Keywords: Rentenreform ; Lateinamerika ; Peru ; Kolumbien ; Argentinien ; Uruguay ; Mexiko ; Bolivien ; El Salvador ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Lateinamerika ; Rentenreform
    Abstract: More than a decade after Chile moved from a public pay-as-you-go to a private funded pension system, seven more countries in Latin America have reformed their pension systems. This study provides a detailed description of all second-generation pension reforms in Latin America to date, evaluates the first years of operations of the new systems and outlines the problems and challenges which the systems are still facing. The basic common feature of the "second generation" pension reforms in Latin America is a greater role for funded, privately managed pensions. A move towards more funding is currently also discussed in many OECD countries as one possibility to confront the effects of ageing populations on pay-as-you-go pension systems. Thus, the Latin American reform experience is interesting not only for other developing countries about to embark on pension reform but also for policymakers and pension experts in OECD countries and transition economies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163614-en
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    Investment Guides: Kazakhstan 1998 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163546
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Investment Guides
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    QG 480
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Wirtschaft ; Kasachstan ; Auslandsinvestition ; Recht
    Abstract: Since 1991, Kazakhstan, which is one of the two largest Central Asian republics, had attracted foreign direct investment worth US$4 billion by 1998. Whilst most of this investment has been in the energy and mineral sectors, there are also significant opportunities in other sectors of the economy. The Investment Guide for Kazakhstan has been prepared with three objectives in mind: firstly, to identify areas of opportunity for foreign investors; secondly to provide information about the historical, political, economic, financial and legal framework; and thirdly to help foreign direct investors from OECD Member countries draw balanced conclusions about the investment climate. The overview chapter contains constructive policy suggestions on the future attraction of foreign investment for the attention of the Government of Kazakhstan.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163546-en
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  • 50
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    Statistical Trends in Transport : 1965/1994 = Annales statistiques de transport : 1965/1994 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264062245
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: This annual publication sets out the main statistical data concerning the transport sector in the Member countries of the European Conference of Ministers of Transport (ECMT). For the first time, the reader will find data on the Czech Republic, the Slovak Republic and Moldova. The Czech and Slovak Republics joined the ECMT in 1993 whereas Moldova has been a Member since 1994. Tables cover such topics as investment, infrastructure, rolling stock, human resources, traffic and energy consumption for the different modes of transport.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264062245-en-fr
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  • 51
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    Institutional Investors in the New Financial Landscape (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163065
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (492 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development
    Abstract: Institutional investors (insurance companies, investment companies and pension funds) have been gaining in importance in both OECD and non-OECD countries. The institutionalisation of savings is having a profound impact on the structure and functioning of capital markets. Institutional investors are the main forces shaping the new financial landscape. This publication gives a comprehensive overview of the major driving forces behind recent trends, future prospects, financial market implications as well as regulatory and supervisory challenges related to the rise in institutional assets.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163065-en
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  • 52
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    The Taxation of Global Trading of Financial Instruments (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162495
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (72 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La fiscalité relative à la mondialisation des opérations financières sur les instruments financiers
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Taxation
    Abstract: Technological change and financial deregulation have dramatically globalised financial markets. Financial firms have developed innovative financial instruments, such as swaps and derivatives, to meet the often different global demand of investors and borrowers and have organised themselves to sell such global financial products 24 hours a day. This phenomenon of global trading challenges tax payers and tax administrations to come up with a fair way of allocating and taxing the profits in each country where global trading is carried on. This publication thoroughly reviews the factual background to global trading, analyses the challenges posed to traditional taxation methods and discusses a range of policy options to tackle the problems. Although the paper discusses a specific industry sector, many of the issues raised, for example the high level of global integration of functions and intensive co-operation between different geographic locations, are becoming more common in other industries with the spread of globalisation and the communications revolution.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162495-en
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  • 53
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    Open Markets Matter : The Benefits of Trade and Investment Liberalisation (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162938
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Pour l'ouverture des marchés ; Les avantages de la libéralisation des échanges et de l'investissement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Pour l'ouverture des marchés : Les avantages de la libéralisation des échanges et de l'investissement
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Trade
    Abstract: The benefits of open markets are tangible. In the last decade, countries that have been more open to trade and investment have achieved double the average annual growth of more closed economies. More individuals, firms and nations than ever before depend on the gains from trade and investment liberalisation. Yet anxiety about the effects of greater market integration remains. It is essential for long-term world prosperity that countries' commitment to trade and investment liberalisation be sustained. To be credible, that commitment must be rooted in and enjoy broad public support and understanding. This makes it all the more important to communicate what trade and investment liberalisation can and cannot do and be held responsible for. Trade and investment liberalisation is not painless. It should not be viewed as a cure-all nor presented as an end in itself. It is, however, an essential component of any coherent set of policies aimed at helping societies adjust to - and take advantage of - technology-driven transformations whose pace and depth are unprecedented. The stakes are high. This book examines the various channels through which open markets deliver considerable benefits to societies and their citizens; recalls the real pocket-book costs of protectionism; and addresses the full range of concerns that feature prominently in ongoing discussions over the effects of market liberalisation on employment, income distribution, environmental protection and national sovereignty. A central message of this book is that liberalisation forms part of the solution to the concerns of citizens, rather than being their root cause. The book's comprehensive treatment of the ins and outs of trade and investment liberalisation should make an important contribution to the public debate. It is essential reading for public officials, business leaders and private citizens who wish to take an active part in it.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162938-en
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  • 54
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    Capital Market Development in Transition Economies : Country Experiences and Policies for the Future (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163676
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Central and Eastern Europe and Russia have been actively building capital markets since the beginning of the transition period in 1990. Since that time, these countries have created or re-established equity markets and actively developed government securities markets. In some cases, corporate bond markets have also begun to flourish. Yet, many problems remain in achieving desired levels of efficiency, transparency and stability. For the first time, the evolution of both equity and securities markets in these countries is critically evaluated. The policy choices for promoting these objectives and further integration of the fledgling markets into the international capital markets are discussed, although they are not always straightforward and free of controversy. This book brings into focus some of the main obstacles on the road to building sound capital markets. Financial experts, economists from OECD member countries as well as government officials from several central and eastern European countries and Russia describe strategic choices and policy options based on their experiences with different privatisation methods, regulatory approaches and government debt management policies. The presentation of actual experiences and policy challenges encountered by government officials in creating and regulating securities markets -- in particular, very frank accounts by Russian and Czech officials of attempts to combat fraudulent practices of certain market participants -- makes this book unique.The range of lessons found here will provide support for countries currently in market turmoil and insights on the process of building capital markets for policymakers, academics and market participants.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163676-en
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    OECD Financial Statistics : Part 1 Section 2 January 1998 = Statistiques financières de l'OCDE : Partie 1 Section 2 janvier 1998 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264062085
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (58 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264062085-en-fr
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    Investment Guides: Latvia 1998 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162921
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (234 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Investment Guides
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    QG 472
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; Latvia
    Abstract: Since 1991, the Latvian Government has conscientiously instituted a number of reforms which led to an increase in the level of foreign investment. Over 1996, foreign investment rose by 60 per cent, and foreign direct investment stocks amounted to US$ 269 per capita at the start of 1997. This places Latvia among the region's leaders in terms of its ability to attract foreign investment. The Government must, however, continue to improve the business environment. The Investment Guide for Latvia has been prepared with three objectives in mind : firstly, to identify those areas of economic activity which present opportunities for foreign investors; secondly, to provide the investor with comprehensive information relating to the historical, political, economic, financial and legal framework, essential for sound and secured foreign investment; thirdly, to draw on the experiences of the foreign investors in Latvia, and to conclude with an assessment of the business, investment and regulatory environment. This assessment will focus on areas within the legal framework and structure which need greater transparency, predictability and efficiency.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162921-en
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    Investment Guides: Kyrgyz Republic 1998 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163379
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Investment Guides
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    QG 480
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; Kyrgyzstan
    Abstract: Since 1991, the Kyrgyz Republic has made significant progress in offering an attractive environment to foreign investors. It has a stable political environment, low inflation, recent and projected growth rates of at least 6 per cent per annum, and has made significant improvements in the legal regime regulating foreign investment. The Republic had initially no foreign investments in 1991 but by the end of 1997 these approached $250 million. Substantial further investment is expected in mining, energy production, agri-business, light industry and tourism in the future. The Investment Guide for the Kyrgyz Republic has been prepared with three objectives: firstly, to identify the opportunities which are likely to interest foreign investors; secondly, to provide the investor with relevant information on the historical, political, economic, financial and legal framework, and thirdly to draw attention to areas of policy and legislation where additional measures will further increase its comparative advantages as an investment location.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163379-en
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    Regulatory Reform in the Global Economy : Asian and Latin American Perspectives (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163157
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: As border barriers to international trade and investment continue to be reduced thanks to liberalisation efforts, "behind-the-border" barriers -- which are typically regulations aiming at achieving domestic objectives such as health, safety, environmental or consumer protection -- are increasingly recognised as impeding trade and competition. The OECD project on regulatory reform has undertaken to tackle these new trade problems. This Workshop is aimed at expanding the horizon to dynamic economies outside the OECD area, particularly those in Asia and Latin America. What are the regulatory reform challenges for those economies, and how can they remain competitive in a global economy? How effectively can international mechanisms help them? The discussion revealed that regulatory reform has undoubtedly become a truly "global issue". This proceedings volume examines the role regulatory failures played in Asia's economic crisis, looks at regional trade groupings such as Mercosur and sheds light on the current international debate on food regulation as well as on the latest developments concerning the Information Technology Agreeement (ITA).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163157-en
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  • 59
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    La restructuration des chemins de fer en Europe (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263475
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (157 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Rail Restructuring in Europe
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Les chemins de fer européens traversent une période de profonde restructuration visant à accroître leur efficacité et leur compétitivité. Il s'agit avant tout de développer la liberté commerciale en séparant plus nettement le rôle de l'Etat et celui des entreprises ferroviaires, mais aussi en ouvrant progressivement l'accès aux infrastructures ferroviaires. Ce rapport examine les réformes menées dans plus de 30 pays de l'Atlantique à l'Oural. La restructuration y est étudiée sous l'angle de l'autonomie de gestion, de la séparation infrastructure/exploitation, et des droits d'accès aux infrastructures ferroviaires.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Rail restructuring in Europe
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263475-fr
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  • 60
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    Intercity Transport Markets in Countries in Transition (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163744
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (296 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: ECMT Round Tables no.106
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le marché des transports interurbains dans les pays en transition
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Intercity transport markets in countries in transition
    DDC: 380
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Mitteleuropa ; Verkehrsentwicklung ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Verkehrspolitik ; Osteuropa ; Verkehrsentwicklung ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Verkehrspolitik
    Abstract: After the fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of the previous economic system, the countries of central and eastern Europe went into a deep economic recession, resulting in a decline in Gross Domestic Product that was mirrored by a serious downturn in the transport sector. The transport sector, like the economy in general, changed from a supply-based system to one driven by demand. Decisions were no longer imposed by central planners, but by the market. Round Table 106 set out to assess the state of the transport sector in central and eastern European countries after a period of five to six years of reform. Are the policies currently in place adequate to meet restructuring needs? All of the countries concerned are planning to join the European Union and with that in mind tend to organise their transport sector along the lines of the Community's model of competition. But is this model consistent with the attitudes and realities of former socialist countries? These are some of the issues addressed by the Round Table 106.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Le marché des transports interurbains dans les pays en transition
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163744-en
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  • 61
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    Pour l'ouverture des marchés : Les avantages de la libéralisation des échanges et de l'investissement (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262935
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Open Markets Matter; The Benefits of Trade and Investment Liberalisation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Open Markets Matter: The Benefits of Trade and Investment Liberalisation
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Trade
    Abstract: L'ouverture des marchés offre des avantages tangibles. Au cours de la dernière décennie, les pays les plus ouverts aux échanges et à l'investissement ont enregistré une croissance annuelle moyenne deux fois supérieure à celle des économies plus fermées. Les individus, les entreprises et les pays sont plus nombreux que jamais à dépendre des gains de la libéralisation du commerce et de l'investissement. Cependant, l'intégration accrue des marchés suscite toujours de l'inquiétude. Un engagement durable des pays en faveur de la libéralisation est indispensable pour assurer la prospérité mondiale sur le long terme. Pour être crédible, cet engagement doit être légitimé par un large soutien public, fondé sur la compréhension de ses enjeux. Il est d'autant plus important de faire savoir ce que la libéralisation des échanges et de l'investissement peut ou ne peut pas accomplir et ce dont elle peut être tenue pour responsable. La libéralisation des échanges et de l'investissement n'est pas un processus indolore. Il ne faut pas la considérer comme une panacée ni comme une fin en soi. Néanmoins, elle constitue une composante essentielle de tout ensemble de politiques cohérent visant à aider les sociétés à s'ajuster -- afin d'en tirer profit -- aux transformations qu'induit le progrès technique, dont le rythme et l'ampleur sont sans précédent. Face à des enjeux aussi importants, cette publication examine les diverses voies qu'empruntent les marchés ouverts pour dispenser des bénéfices considérables aux sociétés et à leurs citoyens. Elle souligne les coûts monétaires du protectionnisme pour chacun et traite l'ensemble des préoccupations qui occupent une place importante dans le débat actuel sur les conséquences de la libéralisation des marchés pour l'emploi, la répartition du revenu, la protection de l'environnement et la souveraineté nationale. Cette étude délivre un message essentiel : la libéralisation n'est pas la cause première des inquiétudes des citoyens mais en constitue l'un des remèdes. Cette analyse exhaustive des tenants et des aboutissants de la libéralisation des échanges et de l'investissement devrait apporter une contribution majeure au débat public. Elle constitue une lecture indispensable pour les fonctionnaires, les dirigeants du monde des affaires et les particuliers qui souhaitent y prendre une part active.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262935-fr
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  • 62
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    La mobilité induite par les infrastructures (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263291
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Tables Rondes CEMT no.105
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Infrastructure-Induced Mobility
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Les routes créent-elles de la mobilité ? Une telle question est a priori surprenante. Pourtant, le fait que la présence de nouvelles routes -- ou infrastructures -- puisse inciter les usagers à les emprunter et, partant, à être plus mobiles, n'a rien de surprenant. Si la question continue de faire l'objet de débats animés, aucun expert ne doute plus de l'existence d'un phénomène de mobilité induite. En revanche, il s'avère difficile de mesurer ce phénomène, faute de données et d'expériences adéquates. Cette Table Ronde rassemble précisément les informations disponibles à ce jour sur la mobilité induite par de nouvelles infrastructures. A partir de rapports introductifs et des débats de la Table Ronde, on peut mesurer les progrès accomplis en quelques années. En effet, il y a dix ans à peine, le phénomène de la mobilité induite aurait été nié par beaucoup de spécialistes. Aujourd'hui, un consensus émerge, cette Table Ronde permet de le découvrir.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263291-fr
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    Infrastructure-Induced Mobility (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163294
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: ECMT Round Tables no.105
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mobilité induite par les infrastructures
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Infrastructure-induced mobility
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: 07.11.1996 ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Verkehrsaufkommen ; Großbritannien ; Österreich ; Spanien ; Transport ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Mobilität
    Abstract: Do roads induce mobility? This might sound like a strange question, yet it only stands to reason that building new roads -- or other infrastructure -- may actually encourage people to use the new additional capacity to travel more. Induced mobility is a hotly debated issue, but the experts are no longer in any doubt that it is a very real phenomenon. However, measuring it is another matter, since we do not have sufficient data or experience in this area. This Round Table presents the data that is available to date on infrastructure-induced mobility. From the introductory reports and discussions, it is clear that much progress has been made in the last few years. As recently as ten years ago, many experts would have disputed the very existence of the induced mobility phenomenon. Today a consensus is emerging: Round Table 105 gives the full report.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163294-en
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    Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Development : Lessons from Six Emerging Economies (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162983
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (110 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Investissement direct étranger et développement économique ; L'expérience de six économies émergentes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Thomsen, Stephen E., 1960 - Foreign direct investment and economic development
    RVK:
    QM 353
    RVK:
    QM 355
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Schwellenländer ; Argentinien ; Brasilien ; Chile ; Indonesien ; Malaysia ; Philippinen ; Finance and Investment ; Konferenzschrift 1998 ; Direktinvestition ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: This study examines the link between FDI and development in six dynamic non-Member economies: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. These countries have all adopted different policies towards FDI in the past, but to a great extent they are all converging on a more open approach. This greater openness, and the overall economic reforms of which FDI liberalisation is but one part, will provide a more fertile environment in which to reap the potential benefits from FDI. FDI can play a key role in improving the capacity of the host country to respond to the opportunities offered by global economic integration, a goal increasingly recognised as one of the key aims of any development strategy. In an environment made more competitive by a decade of economic reforms, many restrictions to FDI in these host countries are at best ineffective and at worst counter-productive.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162983-en
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    Rail Restructuring in Europe (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163478
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La restructuration des chemins de fer en Europe
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Rail restructuring in Europe
    DDC: 385/.094
    RVK:
    QR 820
    Keywords: Bahnpolitik ; Deregulierung ; Schienenstrecke ; Europa ; Transport ; Europa ; Eisenbahngesellschaft ; Restrukturierung
    Abstract: Europe's railways are going through a period of radical restructuring in the drive to improve their efficiency and competitiveness. The emphasis is on fostering commercial freedom through a clearer separation of the roles of the State and of rail enterprises and through a progressive opening of access to rail infrastructure. This report examines reforms in over 30 countries from the Atlantic to the Urals, characterizing restructuring in terms of management independence, separation of infrastructure from operations and rights of access to rail infrastructure.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: La restructuration des chemins de fer en Europe
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163478-en
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    Report on the Current State of Combined Transport in Europe (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163751
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Rapport sur la situation actuelle du transport combiné en Europe
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development Report on the current state of combined transport in Europe
    DDC: 388/.094
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Intermodaler Verkehr ; Europa ; Transport ; Europa ; Kombinierter Verkehr
    Abstract: This report on the current state of combined transport in Europe begins with an overview of combined transport in 30 European countries of the ECMT. It deals with both Central and Eastern European Countries that have recently become Members and the long-standing Member countries for which the most recent developments have been highlighted through the updating of a 1992 study on the improvements of main international piggyback links. The scope of the study, beyond road and rail, has been extended to include inland waterways and short-sea shipping, thus permitting a better evaluation of the current weaknesses of the sector and the possible improvements. On the basis of this report, the Council of Ministers of the ECMT has adopted a series of recommendations directed at all parties concerned in the public and private sectors, at both national and international level, regarding certain elements which are needed to achieve a significant improvement in combined transport and to ensure the sustainable development of the latter. These recommendations are also included in this publication.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Rapport sur la situation actuelle du transport combiné en Europe
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163751-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 67
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    L' évaluation environnementale stratégique dans le secteur des transports (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262263
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Strategic Environmental Assessment in the Transport Sector
    Keywords: Environment ; Transport
    Abstract: L'évaluation environnementale stratégique sert depuis peu d'aide à la prise de décision intégrée sur les grands investissements en matière d'infrastructures de transport et, d'une manière plus générale, à la planification et à l'élaboration des politiques. Ce rapport fait le point de l'expérience acquise dans le monde dans cette nouvelle discipline. Son objectif est de contribuer à l'élaboration de procédures efficaces pour prendre en compte les évaluations environnementales appropriées dans toutes les décisions stratégiques relatives au secteur des transports.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Strategic environmental assessment in the transport sector
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262263-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 68
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    L' internationalisation de la R-D industrielle : Structures et tendances (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263789
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (114 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Internationalisation of Industrial R&D; Patterns and Trends
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Internationalisation of Industrial R&D: Patterns and Trends
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: A l'ère de la mondialisation de la production, l'internationalisation de la R-D industrielle est un phénomène de plus en plus marqué dans les pays de l'OCDE. Mais quelle est au juste son ampleur ? Quelle part de la recherche nationale est sous contrôle étranger et dans quels secteurs ? Quel est le poids de la R-D effectuée par les firmes multinationales en dehors de leur pays d'origine ? Ce rapport analyse également les liens entre les activités de production et de R-D des filiales étrangères dans les pays de l'OCDE et des filiales des firmes nationales à l'étranger au niveau sectoriel. Il met en évidence la nécessité de réévaluer le potentiel de R-D et d'innovation de chaque pays en tenant compte des activités à l'intérieur comme à l'extérieur de ses frontières.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Internationalisation of industrial R & D
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263789-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 69
    Online Resource
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    Strategic Environmental Assessment in the Transport Sector (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162266
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'évaluation environnementale stratégique dans le secteur des transports
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Strategic environmental assessment in the transport sector
    DDC: 363.73/1
    RVK:
    QR 800
    RVK:
    AR 27700
    Keywords: Umweltbewertung ; Nachhaltige Mobilität ; Welt ; Europa ; Environment ; Transport ; Europa ; Umweltschutz ; Verkehrspolitik
    Abstract: Strategic environmental assessment is emerging as a tool for integrated decision-making on major transport infrastructure investments and in the planning and policy making process more generally. The discipline is a new one, and by reviewing experience around the world, this report contributes to the development of effective procedures for incorporating adequate environmental assessments in all strategic transport sector decisions.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: L'évaluation environnementale stratégique dans le secteur des transports
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162266-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 70
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    Mouvements des capitaux et performances des investissements : Les leçons de l'Amérique latine (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263451
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Etudes du Centre de Développement
    Series Statement: Études du Centre de développement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Capital Flows and Investment Performance; Lessons from Latin America
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Capital Flows and Investment Performance: Lessons from Latin America
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development
    Abstract: Les pays destinataires de flux importants de capitaux sont exposés à des risques si ces flux ne se transforment pas en investissements productifs à long terme : telle est la leçon de la crise asiatique de la fin des années 90. Cette publication, issue d'un projet conjoint du Centre de Développement de l'OCDE et de la Commission économique des Nations unies pour l'Amérique latine et les Caraïbes (CEPALC), passe en revue les politiques d'un groupe d'importants pays latino-américains confrontés à des entrées massives de capitaux. Les auteurs soulignent que les politiques nationales ont une incidence sur les effets des entrées de capitaux. Ils montrent que certains pays, en particulier le Chili et la Colombie, sont ainsi parvenus à diriger les apports de capitaux vers l'investissement et à réduire de la sorte le risque d'instabilité dans le secteur financier. Ces mesures conduisent à une gestion efficace des entrées de capitaux étrangers. Elles favorisent la création d'un environnement stable orienté vers la croissance et propice à de nouveaux investissements externes judicieux. Les enseignements de cette étude concernent aussi bien l'Amérique latine que d'autres régions du monde.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Capital flows and investment performance
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263451-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 71
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    L' infrastructure des transports dans les pays de la CEMT : Panorama et Perspectives (Monographies) (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263031
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (500 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transport Infrastructure in ECMT Countries; Profiles and Prospects (Monographs)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transport Infrastructure in ECMT Countries: Profiles and Prospects (Monographs)
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: L'espace européen souffre d'une intégration insuffisante des réseaux de transport et d'une congestion croissante, surtout dans le domaine routier. Cette publication fait le point sur ces problèmes et soulève, en particulier pour les régions périphériques et les pays d'Europe centrale et orientale, les questions de l'enclavement et de la nécessaire amélioration des réseaux. Face à ces problèmes, les réponses actuelles paraissent inadéquates. Les données statistiques et les outils d'analyse sont insuffisants, les approches nationales très diverses et les analyses et les concepts utilisés, assez rudimentaires, sont trop souvent sectoriels. Cette publication présente, pour 30 pays européens de la CEMT, une analyse homogène des infrastructures de transport intérieur, des investissements projetés et des principaux courants d'échange. Cette présentation comparative est une première réponse au manque d'information trop souvent constaté.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263031-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 72
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    Investissement direct étranger et développement économique : L'expérience de six économies émergentes (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262980
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Development; Lessons from Six Emerging Economies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Development: Lessons from Six Emerging Economies
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Cette étude analyse les interactions entre l'Investissement direct étranger (IDE) et le développement dans six Economies dynamiques non membres : Argentine, Brésil, Chili, Indonésie, Malaisie et Philippines, qui après avoir suivi des politiques différentes à l'égard de l'IDE, convergent aujourd'hui vers une approche plus ouverte. Cette ouverture et les réformes économiques d'ensemble, dont la libéralisation de l'IDE n'est qu'un élément, créent un environnement qui permettra de tirer pleinement parti de l'IDE. L'IDE peut en effet jouer un rôle clé en améliorant la capacité du pays d'accueil à exploiter les possibilités offertes par l'intégration économique mondiale, un objectif fondamental pour toute stratégie de développement. Dans cet environnement plus concurrentiel, fruit d'une décennie de réformes économiques, la plupart des restrictions à l'investissement étranger subsistant dans les pays d'acceuil sont désormais, dans le meilleur des cas, inefficaces et, au pire, contre-productives.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262980-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 73
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    Efficient Transport for Europe : Policies for the Internalisation of External Costs (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163188
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Des transports efficients pour l'Europe ; Politiques pour l'internalisation des coûts externes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Efficient transport for Europe
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Mobilität ; Internalisierung externer Effekte ; Verkehrspolitik ; Europa ; Transport ; Europa ; Verkehrswirtschaft ; Soziale Kosten ; Internalisierung
    Abstract: Pollution, accidents and congestion all cause unnecessary welfare losses, and while transport services are an essential component of economic and social development, their negative side effects are drawing increasing political attention. Internalisation aims to create incentives to reduce these external costs by factoring them into markets. This report summarises the theoretical and practical dimensions to internalisation; reviews recent estimates of external costs; explores the mix of policies that might be used to promote internalisation successfully; and estimates the size of incentives required in monetary terms.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163188-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 74
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    OECD Reviews of Foreign Direct Investment: Brazil 1998 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163140
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (84 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Foreign Direct Investment
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE sur l'investissement direct étranger ; Brésil 1998
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE sur l'investissement direct étranger : Brésil 1998
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Brazil
    Abstract: OECD's 1998 review of Brazils foreign direct investment policy. It finds that Brazil is on the verge of becoming one of the leading recipients of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Latin America and the world. Major economic reforms and large scale privatisations have enhanced Brazil's attractiveness as the largest Latin American market and as a key player in Mercosur. This trend should pick up speed in the coming years with further liberalisation, the restructuring of the Brazilian economy and the pursuance of economic integration. There is every reason to commend the policies adopted by the Government of Brazil to eliminate discriminatory treatment towards foreign investors and their investments, protect their tangible and intangible assets and provide for the resolution of investment disputes. The study highlights, however, some lingering areas of concern, notably with respect to access to the banking system, goverment discretionary action and existing market distortions. The adherence to OECD liberalisation principles should nevertheless consolidate and confort the reform process in Brazil while providing a favorable framework for the expansion of FDI relations between Brazil and OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163140-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 75
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    OECD Financial Statistics : Part 1 Section 2 December 1997 = Statistiques financières de l'OCDE : Partie 1 Section 2 décembre 1997 (1997)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264062047
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (66 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264062047-en-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 76
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    OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment : Third Edition (1996)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264064805
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (56 p)
    Edition: Third Edition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Définition de référence de l'OCDE des investissements directs internationaux ; Troisième édition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Définition de référence de l'OCDE des investissements directs internationaux : Troisième édition
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Recording comprehensive, comparable and up-to-date statistics on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is a prerequisite for economic analysis and policy making. The Third Edition of the OECD Benchmark Definition, fully consistent with the IMF Balance of Payments Manual, Fifth Edition, provides operational guidance on how FDI data should be compiled to meet internationally agreed standards. It reviews the main statistical concepts and definitions of FDI, the valuation of FDI flows and stocks, and issues related to specific transactions and entities. Practical solutions are proposed and concrete examples are used wherever possible.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264064805-en
    URL: Volltext
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