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  • 2000-2004  (149)
  • OECD  (110)
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development  (86)
  • Safari, an O’Reilly Media Company
  • Science and Technology  (149)
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  • 1
    ISBN: 9789264026186
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Compendium statistique 2004 de la science et de la technologie
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The S&T Statistical Compendium 2004 was prepared for the January 2004 meeting of the Committee for Scientific and Technological Policy (CSTP) at Ministerial level and mainly draws on databases, indicators and methodology developed by the CSTP’s Working Party of National Experts on Science and Technology Indicators (NESTI) Working Party, and compiled by the Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry (DSTI). It presents a wide selection of the most policy-relevant and internationally comparable indicators currently available in the field of science and technology. The document looks at the state of science and technology in the OECD across four broad dimensions:• Section A: Innovation and R&D.• Section B: Human Resources in Science and Technology (HRST).• Section C: Patents.• Section D: Other areas (ICT, globalisation, industrial structure).
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264107755
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (174 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Security Economy
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Alors que le marché des biens et services de sécurité a connu un développement massif depuis les attentats du 9 septembre 2001, cette étude examine les coûts que pourraient avoir des perturbations majeures, les arbitrages entre une plus grande sécurité et l’efficience économique et les conséquences du renforcement de la surveillance du point de vue de la vie privée et des libertés démocratiques.
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9789264065833
    Language: Swedish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (13 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guidelines for the Security of Information Systems and Networks; Towards a Culture of Security
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Richtlinien für die Sicherheit von Informationssystemen und -Netzen; Auf dem Weg zu einer Sicherheitskultur
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Directrices de la OCDE para la seguridad de sistemas y redes de información ; Hacia una cultura de seguridad
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee guida dell'OCSE sulla sicurezza dei sistemi e delle reti d'informazione; Verso una cultura della sicurezza
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guidelines for the Security of Information Systems and Networks: Towards a Culture of Security
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Richtlinien für die Sicherheit von Informationssystemen und -Netzen: Auf dem Weg zu einer Sicherheitskultur
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Directrices de la OCDE para la seguridad de sistemas y redes de información : Hacia una cultura de seguridad
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee guida dell'OCSE sulla sicurezza dei sistemi e delle reti d'informazione: Verso una cultura della sicurezza
    Keywords: Science and Technology
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9789264019171
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Sources of Economic Growth in OECD Countries
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les sources de la croissance économique dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Die in den neunziger Jahren und auch noch zu Beginn dieses Jahrzehnts beobachteten Wachstumsmuster haben die früheren Theorien auf den Kopf gestellt. Während des größten Teils der Nachkriegszeit wurde in den OECD-Ländern mit vergleichsweise geringem Pro-Kopf-BIP ein stärkeres Wirtschaftswachstum verzeichnet als in den reicheren Ländern. In den neunziger Jahren wurde diese scheinbare Gesetzmäßigkeit dann aber durchbrochen. Namentlich die Vereinigten Staaten, deren Pro-Kopf-BIP im Vergleich zu den anderen großen Volkswirtschaften bereits relativ hoch war, konnten ihren Vorsprung ab Mitte der neunziger Jahre weiter vergrößern. Die Wirtschaftsleistung der meisten kontinentaleuropäischen Länder ist demgegenüber nach wie vor schwach, und die japanische Wirtschaft stagniert weiterhin. Wo liegen die Hauptursachen für die Wachstumsunterschiede innerhalb der OECD? Bis zu welchem Grad sind sie auf neue Technologien und FuE zurückzuführen? Welche Rolle spielt die makroökonomische Politik? Wie wichtig sind Aus- und Weiterbildung? Welchen Einfluss haben Arbeitslosigkeit, Arbeitsmarktflexibilität und Produktmarktwettbewerb? Führen Startups dem Markt Kapital und neue Ideen zu? Welche Bedeutung haben die Hemmnisse für Unternehmensgründungen und ‑aufgaben? Die vorliegende Veröffentlichung gibt einen umfassenden Überblick über diese Fragen und liefert neue Erkenntnisse über die Antriebskräfte des Wirtschaftswachstums in den OECD-Ländern.
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9789264026698
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (50 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Science and Technology Statistical Compendium 2004
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Le Compendium statistique 2004 de la science et de la technologie, établi pour la réunion au niveau Ministériel du Comité de la politique scientifique et technologique (CPST) de 2004, s’appuie sur les bases de données, les indicateurs et les méthodologies développés au sein du Groupe de travail des experts nationaux sur les indicateurs de science et de technologie (GENIST), et gérés par la Direction de la science, de la technologie et de l’industrie (DSTI). Il présente une large gamme d’indicateurs les plus pertinents pour les politiques et comparables au niveau international, disponibles à ce jour dans le domaine de la science et la technologie. Le compendium porte sur l’état de la science et la technologique dans la zone OCDE à travers quatre grands axes :• Section A : Innovation et R-D.• Section B : Ressources humaines consacrées à la science et à la technologie (RHST).• Section C : Brevets.• Section D : Autres domaines (TIC, mondialisation, structure industrielle).
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9789264100282
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Knowledge management
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mesurer la gestion des connaissances dans le secteur commercial; premiers résultats
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mesurer la gestion des connaissances dans le secteur commercial: premiers résultats
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Knowledge management involves any activity related to the capture, use and sharing of knowledge by an organisation. Evidence shows that these practices are being used more and more frequently and that their impact on innovation and other aspects of corporate performance is far from negligible. Today, there is a recognition of the need to understand and to measure the activity of knowledge management so that organisations can be more efficient and governments can develop policies to promote these benefits. This book offers a synthetic view of the results of the first systematic international survey on knowledge management carried out by national statistical offices in Canada, Denmark, France and Germany.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264026780
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (304 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. The economic impact of ICT
    DDC: 658.4038
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Informationstechnik ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Produktivität ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Informationstechnik ; Unternehmen ; Produktivität ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Messung ; OECD ; Informationstechnik ; Unternehmen ; Produktivität ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Messung
    Abstract: Information and communications technology (ICT) has become a key driver of economic growth over the past decade. The rapid diffusion of the Internet, of mobile telephony and of broadband networks all demonstrate how pervasive this technology has become. But how precisely does ICT affect economic growth and the efficiency of firms? And how well can these effects be measured? This report provides an overview of the economic impact of ICT on economic performance, and the ways through which it can be measured. Using available OECD data, the first part of the book examines the available measures of ICT diffusion, the role and impact of ICT investment and the role of ICT-using and ICT-producing sectors in overall economic performance. The second part of the book offers nine studies for OECD countries, based on detailed firm-level data and prepared by researchers and statisticians from a wide range of OECD countries. These studies use a variety of methods and provide detailed insights on the effects of ICT in individual countries.
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  • 8
    Language: English
    Pages: 69 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.85
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This paper analyses the development of third-generation mobile services (3G) in OECD countries. A brief description of the definition of 3G and its migration path is followed by an analysis of the benefits and shortcomings of 3G services. The paper further examines regulatory issues raised by 3G development and recent market developments including pricing issues. Finally, the paper undertakes a comparative analysis of 3G with wireless LANs and other alternative wireless technologies.
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  • 9
    Language: English
    Pages: 56 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.84
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Domain Name System’s need to have unique identifiers, and a consequent need for there to be a single registry for each name, means that any registry can exercise a degree of monopoly power over the domain for which it has responsibility.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 17 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.82
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The number of people logged on simultaneously to popular file sharing networks approached close to 10 million in April 2004, a rise of 30% from the same period a year earlier, according to this new OECD report.
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264105959
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Access Pricing in Telecommunications
    Keywords: Competition ; Telecommunication policy Economic aspects ; Telecommunication Rates ; Law and legislation ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Telekommunikationswirtschaft ; Telekommunikationsdienst ; Preisbildung
    Abstract: Ce rapport aborde une question qui se pose dans pratiquement tous les secteurs de services aux collectivités, à savoir la réglementation de l’accès à des installations essentielles. Les régulateurs des industries d’équipements collectifs publics se heurtent à un problème crucial : la réglementation des termes et conditions dans lesquels des entreprises en concurrence ont accès à des intrants clés fournis par des concurrents. Le développement de la concurrence et le succès de la libéralisation dépendent souvent des termes de l’accès et des conditions choisies, aussi les pouvoirs publics sont-ils soucieux de faire le bon choix. Préparé par le comité de la concurrence de l’OCDE, ce rapport traite du secteur des télécommunications et cherche à approfondir la compréhension de la réglementation de l’accès. Les problèmes d’accès ne sont pas des plus faciles pour les autorités de tutelle et les responsables de la politique de la concurrence : ils peuvent en effet être techniquement délicats et donner lieu à des polémiques retentissantes sur le plan pratique. En abordant la question sous ces deux angles, ce rapport cherche à aider les autorités de tutelle et les pouvoirs publics à tirer les leçons de l’expérience de l’OCDE pour obtenir des résultats efficients et compétitifs.
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9789264065819
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (12 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guidelines for the Security of Information Systems and Networks; Towards a Culture of Security
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Richtlinien für die Sicherheit von Informationssystemen und -Netzen; Auf dem Weg zu einer Sicherheitskultur
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee guida dell'OCSE sulla sicurezza dei sistemi e delle reti d'informazione; Verso una cultura della sicurezza
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD;s riktlinjer för säkerheten i informationssystem och nät; På väg mot en säkerhetskultur
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guidelines for the Security of Information Systems and Networks: Towards a Culture of Security
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Richtlinien für die Sicherheit von Informationssystemen und -Netzen: Auf dem Weg zu einer Sicherheitskultur
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee guida dell'OCSE sulla sicurezza dei sistemi e delle reti d'informazione: Verso una cultura della sicurezza
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD:s riktlinjer för säkerheten i informationssystem och nät: På väg mot en säkerhetskultur
    Keywords: Science and Technology
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264299429
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Sources of Economic Growth in OECD Countries
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Die Quellen wirtschaftlichen Wachstums in den OECD-Ländern
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Die Quellen wirtschaftlichen Wachstums in den OECD-Ländern
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: The Sources of Economic Growth in OECD Countries
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage nous aide à comprendre les causes des disparités de la croissance d’un pays de l'OCDE à l’autre au cours des vingt dernières années en mettant en évidence et en analysant les facteurs qui les sous-tendent. Tout au long des années 90 et depuis le début de la décennie actuelle, l’évolution de la croissance n’a cessé de balayer les idées reçues. Durant la majeure partie de l’après-guerre, les pays dont le PIB par habitant était relativement faible ont connu une croissance plus rapide que les pays plus riches. Ce schéma est toutefois devenu obsolète à la fin des années 90, lorsque les États-Unis se sont nettement détachés des autres pays. Cette publication donne un aperçu complet des moteurs de la croissance dans la zone OCDE et explique dans quelle mesure les disparités observées sont à rapprocher de facteurs tels que les nouvelles technologies et la R&D, la politique macroéconomique, l’éducation et la formation, la flexibilité du marché du travail, la concurrence sur les marchés de produits et les obstacles à la création d’entreprises ou à leur disparition.
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264107748
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (158 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'économie de la sécurité
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: With the market for security goods and services having expanded rapidly since 9/11, this study examines the potential costs of major disruptions, the trade-offs between tighter security and economic efficiency, and the implications of tighter security for privacy and other democratic liberties.
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 67 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.101
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Technologies fondées sur la biométrie
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report is intended to provide an understanding of the benefits and limitations of biometric-based technologies. It also includes information on existing privacy and security methodologies for assessing biometrics.
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  • 16
    Language: English
    Pages: 47 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.86
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les TIC, le commerce électronique et les PME
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Information and communication technology (ICT) connectivity (PCs and Internet) is very widespread in businesses of all sizes. As is the case with all technologies, small businesses are slower than large ones to adopt new ICTs. Commercial considerations and potential returns are the principal drivers of small business adoption and profitable use. Principal reasons for non-adoption are lack of applicability and little incentive to change business models when returns are unclear. SMEs also face generic barriers to adoption including trust and transaction security and IPR concerns, and challenges in areas of management skills, technological capabilities, productivity and competitiveness.
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Centre for Educational Research and Innovation
    ISBN: 9789264100299
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (248 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Gestion des connaissances
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Measuring Knowledge Management in the Business Sector; First Steps
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Measuring Knowledge Management in the Business Sector: First Steps
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Wissensmanagement ; Messung ; Wirtschaftssektor ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: La gestion des connaissances comprend toutes les activités liées à l'acquisition, l'usage et le partage des connaissances au sein d'une organisation. Ces pratiques, de plus en plus utilisées, affectent l'innovation et les autres aspects des performances des entreprises. On cherche aujourd'hui à comprendre et à mesurer cette activité afin que les organisations aient de meilleurs résultats et que les gouvernements puissent concevoir des politiques en vue de promouvoir ces pratiques. Ce livre offre une vision synthétique des résultats de la première enquête internationale systématique sur la gestion des connaissances réalisée par les agences nationales de statistiques du Canada, Danemark, France et Allemagne. Publié en coédition avec Statistique Canada.
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9789264032989
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The report reviews progress on the availability of broadband access across the OECD area. It particularly focuses on benchmarking digital subscriber line (DSL) and cable modem expansion and availability, as well as the emergence of broadband wireless as a platform to provide low-cost high-performance access networks in rural and remote areas. The paper finds that DSL availability is proceeding apace, with around three-quarters of existing subscriber lines being able to provide service by 2003. Cable networks pass 58% of households with just under three-quarters of those networks having been upgraded for broadband access. The paper also explores the increasing capabilities of wireless...
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 84 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.79
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The business services examined in this study include software and information services, R&D and technical services, advertising and marketing, business consulting, recruitment and human resource development services. Digital delivery includes contracted out electronically mediated services supply (outsourcing) and digitally facilitated distributed work within firms, in which business services inputs are supplied electronically to support the business activities of firms. Digital delivery allows business services suppliers to combine richness and reach (i.e. to combine greater market reach with the ability to engage in richer interactions with clients). Business services activities are a significant and growing part of all OECD economies. Services are often dominated by small firms, although there are large players in most market segments. Demand for business services is strongly pro-cyclical. Innovation and high levels of competition counter market dynamics leading to concentration. Hence, new players emerge and there is considerable churn among market leaders.
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  • 20
    Language: English
    Pages: 58 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.78
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Note de synthèse pour l'atelier de l'OCDE sur le spam
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This background paper has been prepared to provide a broad overview of the issues associated with spam as information for participants at the OECD Workshop on Spam, to be held at the European Commission on 2-3 February 2004.
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  • 21
    Language: English
    Pages: 72 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.80
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: As the development of broadband access builds momentum, policy makers are increasingly turning their attention to the availability of these services in rural and remote areas.
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9789264020412
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Understanding Economic Growth; A Macro-level, Industry-level, and Firm-level Perspective
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Was ist Wirtschaftswachstum?; Eine Betrachtung aus makroökonomischer, branchenbezogener und betriebswirtschaftlicher Sicht
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Compreender o Crescimento Económico; Nível macro, nível industrial, nível empresarial
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Understanding Economic Growth: A Macro-level, Industry-level, and Firm-level Perspective
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Was ist Wirtschaftswachstum?: Eine Betrachtung aus makroökonomischer, branchenbezogener und betriebswirtschaftlicher Sicht
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Compreender o Crescimento Económico: Nível macro, nível industrial, nível empresarial
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Particulièrement riche en données factuelles et chiffrées, cet ouvrage est un instrument très précieux d’analyse de la croissance économique dans les pays de l'OCDE. Il examine le profil de croissance des pays de l'OCDE cette dernière décennie et identifie les facteurs fondamentaux de la croissance. Il montre en quoi (et pourquoi) les réactions de chaque économie diffèrent face à l’évolution de ces facteurs. L’ouvrage étudie la croissance au niveau macroéconomique, au niveau sectoriel et au niveau de l’entreprise. Il analyse également la contribution des technologies de l’information (TI) à chacun de ces niveaux.Étayé par plus de 50 tableaux et graphiques, l’ouvrage permet de mieux comprendre la véritable nature de la croissance économique. En 2000, à l’apogée de la nouvelle économie, on encensait les TI qui, croyait-on, transformeraient radicalement les économies de l'OCDE et auraient des effets bénéfiques considérables. Mais le récent ralentissement économique a détruit plusieurs des mythes qu’avaient suscités les TI. Quelle est la véritable contribution des TI à la croissance économique ? Comprendre la croissance économique traite de ces questions en profondeur et apporte un nouvel éclairage sur la croissance économique. Dans une nouvelle présentation agréable, l’ouvrage est une introduction idéale pour comprendre la genèse de la croissance économique. Il intéressera un large public d’économistes et d’étudiants en économie. Pour en savoir plus : Les Sources de la croissance économique dans les pays de l’OCDE (2003) et Les TIC et la croissance économique : panorama des industries, des entreprises et des pays de l'OCDE (2003).
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264100701
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (292 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Eliminer la paperasserie
    Series Statement: Éliminer la paperasserie
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. From Red Tape to Smart Tape; Administrative Simplification in OECD Countries
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: « L’excès de paperasserie » est l’un des griefs les plus souvent formulés par les entreprises et les citoyens dans les pays de l’OCDE. Ce rapport montre, à travers un ensemble d’instruments et de pratiques fréquemment utilisés, comment des conceptions novatrices et l’utilisation judicieuse des technologies de l'information dans de nombreux domaines débouchent sur de nouvelles approches plus efficaces en matière de réglementation administrative.
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  • 24
    ISBN: 9789264007031
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.)
    Series Statement: Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education; Bulgaria 2004; Science, Research and Technology
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology ; Bulgaria
    Abstract: Dans chaque pays, petit ou grand, la science et la technologie (S-T) revêtent une importance primordiale dans l’instauration d’une économie basée sur le savoir. Dans les pays appartenant au peloton de tête, la S-T porte ses fruits quand elle est induite par des politiques scientifiques favorisant les programmes à long terme. Et ces programmes sont étroitement liés à une maîtrise anticipative des coûts budgétaires. En Bulgarie, le secteur des sciences et de la technologie reflète bon nombre des difficultés économiques et sociales que rencontre le pays dans son ensemble. Il souffre d’un manque chronique de moyens financiers et a mis du temps à moderniser son appareil de recherche fondamentale. Faute d’une politique cohérente à long terme dans le domaine scientifique et technologique, ces insuffisances se trouvent accentuées. Malgré ces lacunes, l’examen montre que la Bulgarie possède le potentiel humain et scientifique nécessaire à la mise en place d’un système efficace de S-T qui peut considérablement contribuer au développement économique national. Cet examen présente un panorama du secteur de la S-T en Bulgarie et de ses liens avec l’enseignement. Il traite de divers thèmes au nombre desquels : La législation. Les mécanismes institutionnels mis en place dans le domaine de la recherche et de l’enseignement, notamment à travers les exemples de l’Académie bulgare des sciences et des établissements d’enseignement supérieur. Les mécanismes de budgétisation. La coopération régionale et internationale, et notamment les initiatives de l’Union européenne. L’impact de la fuite des cerveaux et du vieillissement sur les ressources humaines. Un échantillon d’études de cas et de pratiques exemplaires en matière de politique de S-T sert à illustrer l’analyse. Le dernier chapitre comprend une série de recommandations. Cet examen sera utile aux décideurs publics ainsi qu’aux professionnels du monde entier. Cette étude s'inscrit dans le cadre des relations de coopération que l'OCDE entretient avec les économies non membres à travers le monde.
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9789264020344
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'espace à l'horizon 2030 ; quel avenir pour les applications spatiales ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'espace à l'horizon 2030 : quel avenir pour les applications spatiales ?
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Since the launch of Sputnik in 1957, media attention has focused almost exclusively on spectacular space missions. However, space actors have also faced their fair share of setbacks: the Columbia tragedy, extravagant cost overruns and painful reductions in public support to space ventures.Over the years, advances in space technologies have led to the development of increasingly sophisticated military and civil space assets. Where is the space sector heading now? What are the obstacles to its further development? What are its future prospects? What are the applications that are likely to be successful in the future? To answer these questions, this report adopted a scenario-based approach to explore the future evolution of major components of the space sector (military space, civil space, commercial space) over the next thirty years. It covers four major factors of change: geopolitical developments, socio-economic developments, energy and the environment, technology. "Outstanding review, especially useful for the three sophisticated scenarios, useful to many futurists." Future Survey, August 2004.
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9789264026728
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 p)
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Few systematic economic evaluations have been carried out on patent system to better inform policy choices. This report, which covers a range of areas, and highlights some issues that policy makers should address in the near future, including markets for technology, patenting by public reserach organisations, biotechnology, and software and services.
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9789264007024
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.)
    Series Statement: Reviews of National Policies for Education
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation ; Bulgarie 2004 ; Science, recherche et technologie
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation : Bulgarie 2004 : Science, recherche et technologie
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Reviews of national policies for education, Bulgaria
    DDC: 509/.499
    Keywords: Technologiepolitik ; Forschungsfinanzierung ; Forschungskooperation ; Brain Drain ; Humankapital ; Bulgarien ; Education ; Science and Technology ; Bulgaria
    Abstract: This review presents an overview of the S&T sector in Bulgaria and its links to education. Topics covered include the legislative framework; institutional arrangements for research and teaching; budgeting mechanisms; regional and international co-operation including EU policy initiatives; and the impact of brain drain and ageing on human resources. Sample case studies and best practices in S&T policy-making are provided to illustrate the analysis. The final chapter includes a series of recommendations.
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  • 28
    Language: English
    Pages: 58 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.83
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Digital technologies and the diffusion of new transmission technologies have increased the number of platforms capable of providing video transmission, and have also altered the traditional characteristics of broadcasting.
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  • 29
    Language: English
    Pages: 17 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.81
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report on anti-spam legislation in OECD non-member countries was originally prepared for the Brussels OECD Workshop on Spam and was updated following the workshop to include more non-member country information in April 2004.
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264101203
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (228 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Études de l'OCDE sur l'administration électronique
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The e-Government Imperative
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; E-Government
    Abstract: L'avènement de la société de l'information a modifié les attentes des citoyens, les structures et les cultures organisationnelles. Les pouvoirs publics suivent le mouvement et adoptent les outils et les pratiques de travail de la société de l'information pour demeurer en mesure de faire face aux besoins des citoyens et pouvoir tirer les pleins bénéfices de l’administration électronique. Les initiatives en matière d’administration électronique recentrent l’attention sur plusieurs questions : comment les institutions peuvent-elles collaborer plus efficacement entre elles pour essayer de résoudre des problèmes communs? Comment cibler davantage l’usager et comment tisser des liens avec des partenaires du secteur privé ?
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264105942
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La tarification de l'accès dans le secteur des télécommunications
    DDC: 384
    RVK:
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This report addresses an issue which arises in virtually every public utility industry – the regulation of access to essential facilities. The regulation of the terms and conditions under which competing firms have access to essential inputs provided by rivals has become the single biggest issue facing regulators of public utility industries. Development of competition and the success of liberalisation often depend on the access terms and conditions chosen, and public policy interest in getting these terms and conditions right is important. Prepared by the OECD’s Competition Committee, this report focuses on the telecommunications industry and seeks to deepen the understanding of access regulation. Access issues are not easy issues for regulators and competition policy-makers - they can be both difficult technically and the source of noisy disputes in practice. By bringing together theory and practice, this report seeks to help regulators and policy-makers learn from OECD experience to achieve efficient and competitive outcomes.
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9789264019331
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (165 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Comprendre la croissance économique ; Analyse au niveau macroéconomique, au niveau sectoriel et au niveau de l'entreprise
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Was ist Wirtschaftswachstum?; Eine Betrachtung aus makroökonomischer, branchenbezogener und betriebswirtschaftlicher Sicht
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Compreender o Crescimento Económico; Nível macro, nível industrial, nível empresarial
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Comprendre la croissance économique : Analyse au niveau macroéconomique, au niveau sectoriel et au niveau de l'entreprise
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Was ist Wirtschaftswachstum?: Eine Betrachtung aus makroökonomischer, branchenbezogener und betriebswirtschaftlicher Sicht
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Compreender o Crescimento Económico: Nível macro, nível industrial, nível empresarial
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: This book is a unique tool providing facts, figures and analysis of economic growth in OECD countries. The analysis focuses on the growth patterns of OECD countries during the last decade and identifies the fundamental drivers of growth. It also looks at how and why countries react differently to these drivers. It examines growth at the macro-economic level, industry level and firm level and also analyses the contribution of information technology (IT) at each of these levels. Packed with over 50 tables and figures, the book provides unique data to better understand the reality of economic growth.
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264108783
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Series Statement: Biological Resource Management in Agriculture
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 631.5
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This book discusses the often diverging risks and opportunities associated with genetically engineered organisms in terms of the environment, food safety, and economics and trade. These issues were raised at the OECD Workshop on Challenges and Risks of GMOs - What Risk Analysis is Appropriate? Options for Future Policy Making Towards Integrated Agro-Food Systems, held in Maastricht, Netherlands, in July 2003. Discussions also covered the relevant WTO Agreements and their relationship with other multilateral accords as well as regional and national approaches.
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264015272
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (356 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 338/.064
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This publication presents a collection of the policy-oriented empirical studies and stakeholders' views designed to show how patent regimes can contribute more efficiently to innovation and economic performance. Topics covered include the links between patents and economic performance, changes in patent regimes, patents and entrepreneurship, patents and diffusion of technology, IPR for software and technology, and current and future policy challenges.
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264019492
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Promesses et limites de la démocratie électronique ; les défis de la participation citoyenne en ligne
    DDC: 323/.042/02854678
    RVK:
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Electronic books ; Demokratie ; Politische Beteiligung ; World Wide Web
    Abstract: This book highlights policy lessons in using ICTs to provide information, opportunities for consultation and public participation in policy-making. It includes numerous examples of current practice from 12 OECD member countries (Australia, Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Italy, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Slovak Republic, Sweden, UK) as well as the European Commission. It does not deal with online service delivery nor with ICT applications to elections (e.g. e-voting) although some of the issues discussed here, such as providing information online, may be relevant for both. Finally, the book suggests 10 guiding principles for successful online consultation and identifies five key challenges for online citizen engagement in policy-making.
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  • 36
    Language: English
    Pages: 12 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.73
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Considérations du point de vue de la politique à l'égard des consommateurs sur l'importance d'avoir des données Whois exactes et disponibles
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Drawing on the 1999 OECD Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce, this document explains how accurate and available Whois data can contribute to building consumer trust in the online marketplace.
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  • 37
    Language: English
    Pages: 5 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.75
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The OECD's policy response to the challenge of maximising the benefits of broadband Internet services for economic and social development.
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  • 38
    Language: English
    Pages: 34 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.68
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This paper examines the question of whether the scope of universal service should be widened to include broadband. A common concern in OECD countries is that some groups without access to highspeed broadband networks, such as those residing in rural and sparsely populated remote areas, will be unable to access the benefits expected of broadband access, from on-line services including education, health and government services. This problem is expected to grow in significance as broadband service becomes increasingly important and pervasive.
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  • 39
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.70
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The aim of this paper is to provide comparative information on the administration of domain names across the OECD area.
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9789264299047
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (296 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: La mesure des activités scientifiques et technologiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002; Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002; Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development (Lithuanian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manual de Frascati 2002; Proposta de Práticas Exemplares para Inquéritos sobre Investigação e Desenvolvimento Experimental
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002; Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002: Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002: Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development (Lithuanian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manual de Frascati 2002: Proposta de Práticas Exemplares para Inquéritos sobre Investigação e Desenvolvimento Experimental
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002: Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development (Chinese version)
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: En cette période de mutations technologiques rapides, la recherche-développement (R-D) constitue un facteur de croissance important. Pour élaborer des politiques adéquates et bien les analyser, il est essentiel de suivre les activités de R-D de l’industrie, des gouvernements et des universités. Le Manuel de Frascati est devenu la référence méthodologique en matière de recueil et d’exploitation des statistiques de R-D. C'est un outil dont les bureaux de statistiques du monde entier ne sauraient se passer. Ce manuel contient les définitions des notions de base, des principes directeurs pour la collecte de données ainsi que les classifications à utiliser pour la compilation des statistiques. Le manuel a été actualisé : on trouvera dans cette sixième édition des principes directeurs mieux adaptés au suivi de l’évolution des pays de l’OCDE, notamment pour la mesure de la R-D du secteur des services, l’internationalisation de la R-D ainsi que les ressources humaines qui y sont affectées. Le manuel sera également publié sous forme électronique, de façon à pouvoir être mis à jour en temps utile.
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9789264101296
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les TIC et la croissance économique ; Panorama des industries, des entreprises et des pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les TIC et la croissance économique : Panorama des industries, des entreprises et des pays de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: This report examines the impacts of ICT on business performance and the policies that can help seize its benefits. It argues that ICT remains an important technology for the years ahead, as ICT networks have now spread throughout the economy. What counts now is how the technology should be made to work. .
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  • 42
    Language: English
    Pages: 46 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.71
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Wireless technology provides business executives, office workers, small businesses and residential users with expanded opportunities to connect to the Internet outside the limited area dictated by fixed networks.
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  • 43
    ISBN: 9789264034730
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (112 p)
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Few topics in the life sciences today provoke as much debate as the availability of patent protection on "genetic inventions". Some hold that protection is essential to encourage innovation and development of new products. Others argue that patents restrict access to the very innovations they are intended to promote. Yet others object to property rights at all for our genetic blueprint. This report presents the findings of an OECD Workshop held in Berlin to establish the impact of patents and licensing on development and access to genetic technology. The workshop drew on empirical studies and concluded that despite sometimes controversial licensing practices the patent system has broadly achieved what is intended. The report provides recommendations to policy makers for improving the functioning of the licensing system. Please note that this title is only available on line, in pdf format.
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789264034747
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (170 p)
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: If present trends in fertility and life expectancy continue, between one quarter and one third of the population in OECD countries will be over 65 years by 2025. The ageing population will have profound social and economic implications. Not surprisingly, countries are searching for ways to promote healthy ageing. The OECD Workshop on Healthy Ageing and Biotechnology, held in November 2000 in Tokyo, brought together an interdisciplinary group of world experts in molecular biology, geriatrics, epidemiology, health economics, ethics and health policy. Their perspectives are the subject of this book and collectively help provide a better understanding of the issues and relative contribution that biotechnological solutions will make to the promotion of healthy ageing. Please note that this title is only available on line, in pdf format.
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  • 45
    Language: English
    Pages: 84 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.69
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: The Chinese telecommunications market has experienced double-digit growth in recent years and continues to expand rapidly as demand surges.
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  • 46
    ISBN: 9789264101227
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (292 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les risques émergents au XXIe siècle ; Vers un programme d'action
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les risques émergents au XXIe siècle : Vers un programme d'action
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: The 21st Century has so far witnessed a host of large-scale disasters in various parts of the world including: windstorms, flooding, new diseases infesting both humans and animals, terrorist attacks and major disruptions to critical infrastructures. It is not just the nature of major risks that seems to be changing, but also the context in which risks are evolving as well as society’s capacity to manage them. This book explores the implications of these developments for economy and society in the 21st century, focussing in particular on the potentially significant increase in the vulnerability of major systems. It concentrates on five large risk clusters: natural disasters, technological accidents, infectious diseases, food safety and terrorism, identifies the challenges facing OECD countries and sets out recommendations for governments and the private sector as to how the management of emerging systemic risks might be improved.
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264103764
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gouvernance de la recherche publique ; Vers de meilleures pratiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Governance of Public Research; Toward Better Practices (Chinese version)
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; OECD ; Staatliche Forschung ; Finanzierung ; OECD ; Forschungspolitik ; Forschungseinrichtung ; Reform
    Abstract: This report deals with public sector research. It provides a comprehensive review of the challenges that call for changes in the governance of OECD countries’ science systems. It highlights emerging policy responses developed in these countries indicating better practices to deal with the challenges, and draws policy lessons that can inspire the reform process. Supporting chapters provide detailed descriptions and analyses of the structures of science systems, the procedures for priority setting, the changes to funding, and the management of human resources in R&D.
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264103252
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Road Safety; Impact of New Technologies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Road Safety: Impact of New Technologies
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Transport ; Verkehrssicherheit ; Neue Technologie ; Bewertung
    Abstract: Ce rapport évalue l'impact global des nouvelles technologies sur la sécurité routière et propose des recommandations à l’attention des gouvernements et de l'industrie pour réduire le nombre de tués et de blessés dans les accidents de la route. De nouvelles technologies pourraient contribuer à réduire de 40 % ce lourd tribut. Or, des milliards de dollars sont actuellement dépensés pour développer de nouvelles technologies qui ne sont aucunement liées à la sécurité routière.
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264103771
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Governance of Public Research; Toward Better Practices
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Governance of Public Research; Toward Better Practices (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Governance of Public Research: Toward Better Practices
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Governance of Public Research: Toward Better Practices (Chinese version)
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Staatliche Forschung ; Finanzierung ; Forschungspolitik ; Forschungseinrichtung ; Reform
    Abstract: Les systèmes scientifiques de bon nombre de pays de l’OCDE subissent une pression croissante qui les pousse à évoluer. Cette pression reflète des défis nouveaux qui vont bien au-delà de l’importante question de la garantie d’un financement durable pour la recherche dans son ensemble. En effet, il s’agit d’aborder ces défis dans la perspective plus globale de la gouvernance de la recherche publique, afin de prendre en compte des questions plus générales liées : aux processus décisionnels qui régissent l’établissement des priorités ; à l’affectation des crédits au secteur de la recherche publique ; à la gestion des institutions de recherche et à l’évaluation de leurs performances en termes de contribution à la création du savoir, de croissance économique et de réponse aux besoins de la société. Ce rapport traite de la recherche du secteur public. Il passe en revue tous les défis auxquels sont confrontés les pays de l’OCDE dans la gouvernance de leurs systèmes scientifiques. Il examine les nouvelles mesures prises par les pouvoirs publics de ces pays et indique quelles sont les meilleures pratiques pour faire face à ces défis. Enfin, il en tire des enseignements quant au processus de réforme. Des chapitres complémentaires fournissent des descriptions et des analyses détaillées des structures des systèmes scientifiques, des procédures d’établissement des priorités, de l’évolution du financement et de la gestion des ressources humaines en matière de R-D. Pour en savoir plus : Études par pays des systèmes scientifiques de l’Allemagne, de la Hongrie, du Japon, de la Norvège, du Royaume-Uni et des États-Unis Science, technologie et industrie: Perspectives de l’OCDE 2002 Les relations industrie-science : une évaluation comparative, 2002 Perspectives de la science, de la technologie et de l’industrie : Les moteurs de la croissance : technologies de l’information, innovation et entreprenariat, 2001 (édition spéciale) Des débouchés commerciaux pour la science : la gestion de la propriété intellectuelle par les organismes publics de recherche, 2003
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  • 50
    ISBN: 9789264101234
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (332 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Emerging Risks in the 21st Century; An Agenda for Action
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Emerging Risks in the 21st Century: An Agenda for Action
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage explore les répercussions de l’évolution des grands risques depuis ces dernières années sur l’économie et la société du XXIe siècle en matière de catastrophes naturelles, maladies nouvelles, attentats terroristes et perturbations majeures d’infrastructures essentielles en s’intéressant à un éventuel accroissement de la vulnérabilité des grands systèmes. Cette publication privilégie cinq grands groupes de risques : les catastrophes naturelles, les accidents technologiques, les maladies infectieuses, la sécurité alimentaire et le terrorisme. Il propose aux pouvoirs publics et au secteur privé un certain nombre de recommandations susceptibles d’améliorer la gestion des risques systémiques émergents.
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264101197
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD e-Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'administration électronique; un impératif
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'administration électronique: un impératif
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: E-government is more about government than about “e”. The spread of new information and communication technologies has spurred major changes at all levels of society and notably in citizen expectations. Governments have also been integrating those technologies into work practices to keep pace and enhance the policy outcomes, service quality, and responsiveness to citizens that determine their effectiveness. E-government initiatives can bolster government effectiveness in important ways like facilitating cross-agency cooperation on complex problems, fostering a customer focus for services, and building relationships with private sector partners. Delay in implementing e-government reforms can thus handicap economic development in this increasingly competitive, rapidly changing world.
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  • 52
    ISBN: 9789264101319
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. ICT and Economic Growth; Evidence from OECD countries, industries and firms
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. ICT and Economic Growth: Evidence from OECD countries, industries and firms
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: En 2000, au plus fort de la nouvelle économie, les TIC était acclamées comme la technologie qui allait révolutionner l’économie des pays de l’OCDE et leur apporter d’innombrables bienfaits. Le coup de frein qui a suivi a fait voler en éclats un certain nombre d’idées fausses sur les TIC : les cycles économiques ne sont pas finis ; les valorisations boursières doivent en effet s’appuyer sur les bénéfices ; et non, le secteur des TIC n’est pas à l’abri des crises. Pour autant il ne faudrait pas oublier les changements structurels et les avantages économiques qu’a déjà amenés et qu’amène encore aujourd’hui la diffusion des TIC. Cette étude examine les incidences des TIC sur la performance des entreprises et les stratégies susceptibles d’en tirer le meilleur profit. Revenant sur les effets déjà constatés sur l’économie, elle analyse les raisons pour lesquelles certains pays ont investi plus que d’autres dans ces technologies, et cherche à expliquer pourquoi seulement une partie d’entre eux ont pleinement pris la mesure de ce que les TIC peuvent leur apporter. Elle fait valoir que les TIC demeureront une technologie importante au cours des années à venir, car les réseaux irriguent désormais toute l’économie. À présent, il importe de savoir comment se servir au mieux de ces technologies. Cet ouvrage démontre de façon éloquente que les TIC, à défaut d'être une panacée, peuvent contribuer à faire évoluer l’activité des entreprises et les rendre plus performantes. Mais cette mutation ne se produira que si l’environnement est concurrentiel et si les investissements informatiques s’accompagnent de changements organisationnels, d’investissements dans les qualifications et d’une gestion avisée. Ce livre est un plaidoyer pour une stratégie publique globale visant à tirer le meilleur des technologies de l’information et de la communication.
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9789264106093
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (16 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guidelines for the Security of Information Systems and Networks; Towards a Culture of Security
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Directrices de la OCDE para la seguridad de sistemas y redes de información ; Hacia una cultura de seguridad
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee guida dell'OCSE sulla sicurezza dei sistemi e delle reti d'informazione; Verso una cultura della sicurezza
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD;s riktlinjer för säkerheten i informationssystem och nät; På väg mot en säkerhetskultur
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guidelines for the Security of Information Systems and Networks: Towards a Culture of Security
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Directrices de la OCDE para la seguridad de sistemas y redes de información : Hacia una cultura de seguridad
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee guida dell'OCSE sulla sicurezza dei sistemi e delle reti d'informazione: Verso una cultura della sicurezza
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD:s riktlinjer för säkerheten i informationssystem och nät: På väg mot en säkerhetskultur
    Keywords: Science and Technology
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  • 54
    ISBN: 9789264199460
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (154 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les sources de la croissance économique dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Die Quellen wirtschaftlichen Wachstums in den OECD-Ländern
    DDC: 330.9177
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Understand growth disparities between OECD countries over the past twenty years through identification and analysis of underlying factors. Growth patterns through the 1990s and into this decade have turned received wisdom on its head. For most of the post-war period, OECD countries with relatively low GDP per capita grew faster than richer countries. Since the late 1990s, however, that pattern has broken down with the United States notably drawing further ahead of the field. This publication provides a comprehensive overview of growth drivers across the OECD and the extent to which disparities are attributable to factors like new technology and R&D, macroeconomic policy, education and training, labour market flexibility, product market competition, and barriers to business start-up and closure.
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  • 55
    Language: English
    Pages: 38 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.76
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This paper is aimed at responding to arguments that have been made about the necessity and benefits of structural separation of the telecommunications local loop.
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  • 56
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.72
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mettre les TIC à profit dans une économie numérique
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Seizing the Benefits of ICT in a Digital Economy revisits ICT's contribution to economic performance using new and more recent data to assess the degree to which the findings that appeared valid at the end of 2000 remain intact. This new report also examines whether the policy conclusions from the previous OECD work require adjustment in the current economic environment, and what measures OECD governments should take to seize the benefits of ICT. The findings and policy implications of the work are summarised in this report; they reaffirm and elaborate those of the OECD Growth Study.
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 61 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.74
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This paper focuses on the development of local loop unbundling in the OECD. It examines policies for unbundling, progress in achieving unbundling, and collocation and pricing policies for unbundling.
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9789264102613
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (232 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD e-Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Études de l'OCDE sur l'administration électronique ; Finlande 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Études de l'OCDE sur l'administration électronique : Finlande 2003
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Finland
    Abstract: The first in a series of national e-government reviews, this book uses a common analytical framework developed by the OECD E-Government Project that will assist countries in evaluating their e-government policies, ensure international comparability of findings and systematically build up a body of empirical evidence regarding good e-government practices.
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  • 59
    Language: English
    Pages: 42 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.77
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Broadband Internet access is one of the first services where there has been a convergence between communications platforms built for different purposes.
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264101654
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (448 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Privacy Online; OECD Guidance on Policy and Practice
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Privacy Online: OECD Guidance on Policy and Practice
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Electronic Commerce ; Datenschutz
    Abstract: L’accélération des mutations technologiques et de la mondialisation crée de nouveaux enjeux et de nouvelles possibilités pour les gouvernements, les entreprises et le grand public. La démocratisation des communications sur les réseaux publics a attiré l’attention sur la protection de la vie privée, valeur fondamentale de nos sociétés qui concerne chacun d’entre nous. Les pays de l’OCDE reconnaissent la nécessité de politiques globales et harmonisées pour renforcer la confiance dans l’environnement en ligne et créer les conditions favorables à sa contribution au bien-être économique et social. Cet ouvrage réunit les travaux de l’OCDE relatifs aux mesures visant à assurer une protection efficace de la vie privée sur les réseaux mondiaux sans entraver les flux transfrontières de données personnelles. Il préconise de combiner différentes approches fondées sur la réglementation et l’autodiscipline, et notamment des solutions juridiques, techniques et pédagogiques, adaptées au contexte socioculturel dans lequel elles doivent s’appliquer. Il souligne la nécessité d’un engagement résolu de tous les acteurs de la société dans un esprit de complémentarité et de coopération. Cet ouvrage présente des orientations générales et pratiques à l’intention des pouvoirs publics, des entreprises et des particuliers pour mieux protéger la vie privée et les données personnelles sur les réseaux nationaux et internationaux. Il propose des solutions pour l’adoption et l’affichage de politiques en matière de protection de la vie privée, des mécanismes de sanction et de recours, et des méthodes pour informer et sensibiliser les utilisateurs. Cette publication s’inscrit dans l’action que l’OCDE mène de façon constante pour promouvoir le respect de droits essentiels et assurer l’ouverture et la transparence des économies et des sociétés.
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    ISBN: 9789264099579
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (228 p.)
    Series Statement: Etudes du Centre de Développement
    Series Statement: Études du Centre de développement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Electronic Commerce for Development
    Keywords: Development ; Science and Technology ; Entwicklungsländer ; Electronic Commerce
    Abstract: Le commerce électronique est-il synonyme de nouvelles possibilités pour les entrepreneurs des pays en développement ? Ou va-t-il se traduire pour eux par des obstacles nouveaux et difficiles à surmonter ? Dans cette série d'articles, des auteurs issus de différentes disciplines partent de l'analyse de la chaîne de l'offre et d'études sectorielles pour comprendre le rôle que les nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication - telles le téléphone portable et l'internet - jouent dans la vie des communautés à faibles revenus et dans l'activité de petits entrepreneurs, depuis le Bangladesh jusqu'en Afrique du Sud. Des études de cas illustrent cette question dans différents contextes : le marché mondial du café, où les enchères en ligne ont permis à une poignée de producteurs de gonfler leurs marges ; l'industrie automobile, où la rationalisation de l'approvisionnement de pièces détachées étouffe les petits industriels mais où l'internet donne à quelques fournisseurs la possibilité d'atteindre des clients jusque-là inaccessibles ; l'industrie textile, où la généralisation des TIC dans les approvisionnements et l'accélération des cycles de production menacent d'évincer du marché de nombreux pays en développement. Le constat général de la majorité des auteurs n'est guère encourageant. L'internet n'est pas une panacée pour les entreprises des pays en développement dont la productivité et la rentabilité sont faibles, principalement en raison d'une infrastructure insuffisante, de capacités de gestion limitées, d'un contrôle-qualité déficient et de distorsions excessives des marchés. Cela étant, dans le marché mondial, un entrepreneur non connecté n'a aucune chance de réussir.
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264276000
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Debt Management and Government Securities Markets in the 21st Century
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Debt Management ; Kapitalmarkt ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Ce rapport est consacré aux évolutions récentes de la structure des marchés des valeurs d’État et des opérations de gestion de la dette publique dans les pays de l’OCDE. Il met également en évidence les problèmes structurels fondamentaux posés aux pouvoirs publics sur les marchés émergents de la dette. Au fil des ans, les gestionnaires de la dette publique des pays de l’OCDE ont mis au point des pratiques exemplaires d’émission, de gestion et de retrait de titres de la dette publique au prix le moins onéreux possible et moyennant des risques acceptables. Ces pratiques s’inscrivaient, pour une large part, dans un contexte de déficits considérables et persistants des finances publiques. Or, avec le passage à une situation d’excédents budgétaires, il a fallu élaborer des techniques nouvelles pour faire face aux répercussions de ce changement (anomalies dans la détermination des prix et contraction de la liquidité sur les marchés de référence traditionnels). Ce rapport analyse par ailleurs l’impact des systèmes électroniques avancés sur les marchés primaire et secondaire. C’est ainsi qu’à l’avenir, des systèmes électroniques d’enchères perfectionnés permettront aux investisseurs institutionnels de soumissionner directement lors des adjudications et de contourner ainsi les spécialistes de valeurs d’État. De même, les systèmes électroniques de négociation vont inéluctablement bouleverser les marchés secondaires des valeurs à revenu fixe. En arrière-plan de ces défis, on voit de plus en plus d’émetteurs souverains des pays de l’OCDE accorder plus d’autonomie à leurs services de gestion de la dette publique, en mettant plus fortement l’accent sur l’évaluation et la gestion des risques. Ce rapport examine enfin l’introduction de nouveaux instruments (les obligations indexées et les instruments dérivés) ainsi que les mesures touchant aux relations avec les investisseurs. POUR EN SAVOIR PLUS OECD Public Debt Markets : Trends and Recent Structural Changes (en anglais seulement)Dette de l’administration centrale : annuaire statistique 1980/2000
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264104273
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Series Statement: Biological Resource Management in Agriculture
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 571.8/619
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Science and Technology ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This book contains the proceedings of the first International Meeting on Mammalian Embryo Genomics, held in Quebec City, Canada, on July 20, 2002, which brought together a group of internationally recognised scientists in the genomics field. The objective was to coordinate activities in the area of embryo genomics and create a number of collaborations dedicated to organizing the huge amount of information being generated in this emerging field of research. This information is and will continue to be crucial for most biotechnological applications in the field of animal reproduction.
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264100244
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 346.0486
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This report presents the results of the first international survey on the patenting and licensing activities of public research organisations in OECD countries. It includes data on the stock and number of patents and licenses, the amount of licensing revenue, the size and activities of technology transfer offices, the types of licensing agreements concluded with firms, as well as information on the government and institutional policies for owning and exploiting intellectual property. In addition to the survey results, policy makers, business managers and university and research administrators will find several case studies on how OECD countries are moving to unlock the social and economic benefits of public research. These case studies will also provide insight into how research institutions deal with issues such as whether to license a patent or create a spin-off, how to create technology transfer programmes and how to license IP to firms while preserving access for future research and discovery.
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264101630
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (392 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Protection de la vie privée en ligne ; orientations politiques et pratiques de l'OCDE
    DDC: 658.4/78
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This volume draws together OECD work to date on measures for ensuring effective privacy protection on global networks while continuing to allow the transborder flow of personal data. It contains specific policy and practical guidance to assist governments, businesses and individuals in promoting privacy protection online at national and international levels. It proposes ways of adopting and posting privacy policies, mechanisms for enforcement and redress, and means of promoting education and user awareness.
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264100688
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Cutting Red Tape
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La simplification administrative dans les pays de l'OCDE
    DDC: 352.3/87/09177
    RVK:
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Verwaltung ; Vereinfachung ; Internationaler Vergleich ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Verwaltungsreform ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: “Too much red tape” is a common complaint from businesses and citizens in OECD countries. This report analyses proven approaches commonly adopted by governments to reduce and streamline administrative procedures like one-stop shops (physical and electronic), simplification of permits and licence procedures, time limits for decision-making, methods to measure administrative burdens, regulatory-compliance assistance for small and medium-size companies, and increasing reliance on IT-based solutions.
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264103245
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sécurité routière ; L'impact des nouvelles technologies
    DDC: 614.8605
    RVK:
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Transport ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Every day, thousands are injured and almost 350 people are killed on the roads of OECD countries. New technologies could reduce this toll by as much as 40%. However, considerable challenges need to be overcome in order to achieve these benefits. Billions of dollars are currently being spent to develop new technologies which are not related to safety, and many of these may have a negative impact on road safety if action is not taken to ensure their compatibility with current road systems. This report evaluates the global impact of new technologies on road safety and provides recommendations to governments and industry to ensure that fatalities and injuries in road traffic are reduced.
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  • 68
    ISBN: 9789264034761
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (12 p)
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Power Point slides showing the latest official statistics on Internet consumer transaction presented at the last meeting of the OECD Committee for Consumer Protection.
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264176003
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La gestion de la dette publique et les marchés des valeurs d'État au 21e siècle
    DDC: 336.3/435/09177
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Debt Management and Government Securities Markets in the 21st Century reviews recent trends in the structure of OECD government securities markets and public debt management operations, and highlights the generic structural policy issues in emerging debt markets. Over the years, OECD debt managers have developed best practices for raising, managing and retiring debt at the lowest possible price and acceptable risk, largely in the presence of persistent large deficits. New techniques have been developed to cope with the adverse consequences of running surpluses (pricing anomalies and lower liquidity in traditional benchmark markets). This report analyses the impact of advanced electronic systems on primary and secondary markets. In the future, sophisticated electronic auction systems will enable institutional investors to bid directly in auctions, thereby by-passing primary dealers. Electronic trading systems will inevitably reshape secondary fixed-income markets. Underlying these challenges is the growing number of OECD sovereign issuers granting greater independence to debt management operations, accompanied by an increased emphasis on risk assessment and risk management. The report also addresses the introduction of new instruments (index-linked bonds and derivatives), as well as policies related to investor relations.
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  • 70
    ISBN: 9789264065826
    Language: Italian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (18 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guidelines for the Security of Information Systems and Networks; Towards a Culture of Security
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Richtlinien für die Sicherheit von Informationssystemen und -Netzen; Auf dem Weg zu einer Sicherheitskultur
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Directrices de la OCDE para la seguridad de sistemas y redes de información ; Hacia una cultura de seguridad
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD;s riktlinjer för säkerheten i informationssystem och nät; På väg mot en säkerhetskultur
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guidelines for the Security of Information Systems and Networks: Towards a Culture of Security
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Richtlinien für die Sicherheit von Informationssystemen und -Netzen: Auf dem Weg zu einer Sicherheitskultur
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Directrices de la OCDE para la seguridad de sistemas y redes de información : Hacia una cultura de seguridad
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD:s riktlinjer för säkerheten i informationssystem och nät: På väg mot en säkerhetskultur
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: These Guidelines apply to all participants in the new information society and suggest the need for a greater awareness and understanding of security issues, including the need to develop a "culture of security" - that is, a focus on security in the development of information systems and networks, and the adoption of new ways of thinking and behaving when using and interacting within information systems and networks. The Guidelines constitute a foundation for work towards a culture of security throughout society.
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.67
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: With over 50 million subscribers in the OECD, broadband access is key for economic growth and development. This report examines broadband access development for businesses. It focuses on short distance leased lines and new forms of broadband acces.
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  • 72
    Language: English
    Pages: 11 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.59
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report summarises the problem recently met by the OECD with regard to the cybersquatting of the ocde.org domain name, and identifies the general policy issues arising from this experience.
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  • 73
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.64
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This document reports on a CCP survey of legal and other consumer protections for payment cardholders in OECD Member countries. It also incorporates information gained during the CCP Roundtable on Consumer Protection for Payment Cardholders held in March 2001 in Berlin, Germany. The Roundtable brought together experts from academia, business, consumer groups and governments to discuss the issue of payment protections and what the OECD should be doing in this policy area. The report begins with an overview of past OECD work in the field of consumer protection for payment cardholders. It then discusses the current state of affairs with regard to cross-border e-commerce, payment security and consumer confidence, and reviews the consumer protection issues arising from the use of payment cards. A synopsis of the consumer protection regimes currently in place for payment cardholders in OECD Member countries is presented in the second half of the report. The concluding section focuses on the importance of cardholder education. As a step towards addressing the educational issue, the Committee developed a consumer education piece, “Using Payment Cards Online: Frequently Asked Questions”, which is attached as an annex.
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264099562
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Commerce électronique et développement
    Keywords: Development ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: In this collection of essays, renowned authors from various disciplines have drawn on supply chain analysis and industry studies to elucidate how NICT — new information and communications technologies — like mobile telephony and the Internet have been affecting low-income communities and small entrepreneurs from Bangladesh to South Africa. The general conclusion is sobering. NICT is no panacea for low productivity and profitability in emerging countries hampered by weak infrastructure, limited managerial expertise, poor quality control, and severe market distortions. Companies anywhere must nonetheless be “wired” to have any chance of competing in the global marketplace and perhaps reach hitherto inaccessible customers.
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  • 75
    Language: English
    Pages: 20 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.65
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Dispositions juridiques liées au règlement alternatif des litiges entre entreprises et consommateurs relatifs à la vie privée et à la protection des consommateurs
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This document addresses the extent to which existing legal provisions in OECD countries impact recourse to alternative dispute resolution (ADR) in relation to disputes arising out of business-to-consumer electronic commerce.
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  • 76
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.60
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The impact of the Internet Protocol (IP) on telephony is anticipated to replace traditional voice services with integrated voice and IP-based applications. The traditional telephony networks, though technically and economically unsuited to supporting the integrated applications including messaging and e-commerce, will nonetheless be leveraged by the ability to be interconnected and interoperate with IP networks. The potential for leveraging IP-based applications together with the traditional telephony infrastructure will likely create new markets for traditional telephony carriers, opening the opportunity for new alliances and partnerships with content providers, broadcast networks and integrated network service providers to enterprises. These new alliances will generate both opportunities for economic growth of a re-shaped telecommunications industry as well as challenges to the traditional approaches to its governance and regulation. Specifically, there will be an increased need to harmonize the progression of international technical standards for IP and the traditional telephony spheres as well as assessment of the implications of regulation presently applied to telephony as voice and video services become increasingly integrated within new IP-based applications delivered across a broad based communications infrastructure.
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  • 77
    ISBN: 9789264034754
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (63 p)
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report updates developments in terms of the roll out of broadband access in OECD countries. It does not aim to provide a definitive description of the technological alternatives or the applications for which it is being used but rather to highlight developments in relation to the leading platforms. The focus of the analysis is on how fast broadband access is being developed, what regulatory barriers exist to this development and what initiatives might be taken to increase the pace of development.
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  • 78
    Language: English
    Pages: 52 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.58
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The avoidance of monopoly rents and the need to ensure the continuity and quality of supply have, historically, been among the key drivers for the creation of new trade routes. In the field of telecommunications, for much of the past century, there has been little scope for achieving either of these goals. The avoidance of monopoly rents was unrealisable because most countries had legally mandated monopolies over the provision of telecommunication infrastructure. Even in those exceptional cases, where a country had opened its market to competition, monopolies continued to reign in corresponding countries. At the same time, monopolies made it difficult for one entity to guarantee service levels provided to its customers. This was because a single entity could not construct and manage their own end-to-end infrastructure across national borders.
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  • 79
    Language: English
    Pages: 8 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.63
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Résolution en ligne des litiges liés au commerce électronique : règlement alternatif des litiges (RAL) - Les questions à se poser
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Shopping online opens up a world of opportunity, convenience, choice, competitive prices and information. What will happen if something goes wrong with your purchase? What if you don't get the products you ordered? What can you do?
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9789264059177
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (29 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Richtlinien für die Sicherheit von Informationssystemen und -Netzen; Auf dem Weg zu einer Sicherheitskultur
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Directrices de la OCDE para la seguridad de sistemas y redes de información ; Hacia una cultura de seguridad
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee guida dell'OCSE sulla sicurezza dei sistemi e delle reti d'informazione; Verso una cultura della sicurezza
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD;s riktlinjer för säkerheten i informationssystem och nät; På väg mot en säkerhetskultur
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Richtlinien für die Sicherheit von Informationssystemen und -Netzen: Auf dem Weg zu einer Sicherheitskultur
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Directrices de la OCDE para la seguridad de sistemas y redes de información : Hacia una cultura de seguridad
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee guida dell'OCSE sulla sicurezza dei sistemi e delle reti d'informazione: Verso una cultura della sicurezza
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD:s riktlinjer för säkerheten i informationssystem och nät: På väg mot en säkerhetskultur
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: These Guidelines apply to all participants in the new information society and suggest the need for a greater awareness and understanding of security issues, including the need to develop a "culture of security" - that is, a focus on security in the development of information systems and networks, and the adoption of new ways of thinking and behaving when using and interacting within information systems and networks. The Guidelines constitute a foundation for work towards a culture of security throughout society.
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  • 81
    ISBN: 9785209017042
    Language: Russian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (97 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bridging the Innovation Gap in Russia
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: Despite substantial achievements in the recent past, the innovation climate in Russia is in need of major improvements. Comprehensive institutional and policy reforms are required, including in areas outside the remit of policy makers in technology and innovation. In this context, the Helsinki Seminar on "Innovation Policy and the Valorisation of Science and Technology in Russia" gathered government officials, scientists and businessmen from Russia and several OECD Member and observer countries -- Canada, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Hungary, Italy, Korea, the United States and Israel -- as well as from countries of the Newly Independent States (NIS). Participants examined the climate for innovation in Russia and discussed the lessons that can be drawn from the institutional reforms and recent policy initiatives in OECD countries to enhance the contribution of science and technology to innovation and growth.
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  • 82
    Language: English
    Pages: 7 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.61
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Exemples de bonnes pratiques relatives aux lignes directrices de l'OCDE régissant la protection des consommateurs dans le contexte du commerce électronique
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This set of best practice examples provides additional practical guidance to governments, businesses and consumers on several aspects of the 1999 Guidelines.
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9789264099012
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: With over 80 indicators based on the most up-to-date official statistics, this study provides a comprehensive international comparison of OECD Member countries' performance in the information economy. New indicators address emerging policy issues: international differences in the quality and price of the ICT infrastructure, diffusion of Internet technologies in larger and smaller firms, relative size of cross-border electronic transactions, barriers to Internet commerce. This publication combines statistical rigour with easy access and readability: the essential findings are presented in bullet points, and methodological notes on indicators and data sources are provided. For the first time data annexes with time series for the ICT sector are available.
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  • 84
    ISBN: 9789264296398
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (72 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Datenschutz
    Abstract: Les Lignes directrices de l'OCDE sur la protection de la vie privée et les flux transfrontières de données de caractère personnel, adoptées le 23 septembre 1980, traduisent toujours un consensus international sur les orientations générales concernant le recueil et la gestion d’informations de caractère personnel. En définissant les principes essentiels applicables dans ce domaine, les Lignes directrices jouent un rôle important en aidant les gouvernements, les entreprises et les représentants des consommateurs, à protéger la vie privée et les données personnelles, tout en évitant des restrictions inutiles aux flux transfrontières de données, en ligne ou hors ligne. Reflet de vingt et un ans d'expertise et d'expériences partagées entre représentants des gouvernements de l'OCDE, des entreprises et de l'industrie, ainsi que de la société civile, cet ouvrage contient les instruments qui servent de fondement à la protection de la vie privée au niveau mondial : les Lignes directrices régissant la protection de la vie privée et les flux transfrontières de données de caractère personnel (1980), la Déclaration sur les flux transfrontières de données (1985) et la Déclaration relative à la protection de la vie privée sur les réseaux (1988).
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    ISBN: 9789264276178
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (245 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Séminaires du Centre de Développement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Technology and Poverty Reduction in Asia and the Pacific
    Keywords: Development ; Science and Technology ; Asiatisch-Pazifischer Raum ; Armut ; Bekämpfung ; Technologie
    Abstract: Faire reculer la pauvreté est aujourd'hui encore un enjeu majeur du développement dans la plupart des pays d'Asie et du Pacifique. Historiquement, la technologie a joué un rôle essentiel pour le progrès des niveaux de vie dans cette région, y compris en ce qui concerne les populations pauvres. La Révolution verte et diverses innovations dans les domaines de la santé publique et de la médecine moderne ont été fondamentales pour améliorer l'alimentation, la santé et les conditions de vie de millions de pauvres. Il semble néanmoins que ces progrès marquent le pas, appelant de nouvelles avancées technologiques - ainsi que des améliorations sur le plan politique et institutionnel - afin d'apporter des solutions au problème persistant de la pauvreté dans certains groupes sociaux et certaines zones géographiques. Les biotechnologies agricoles et médicales sont riches de promesses, mais elles s'accompagnent de risques et de préoccupations qui doivent recevoir des réponses avant qu'elles puissent être pleinement mises en oeuvre. Les nouvelles technologies de l'information commencent seulement à se diffuser largement dans les pays en développement d'Asie et du Pacifique. A terme toutefois, elles pourraient avoir une large influence sur la vie des pauvres, en leur permettant d'accéder à des informations jusque-là réservées aux nantis.
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264294462
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Dynamising National Innovation Systems
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Innovationsförderung ; Forschungspolitik
    Abstract: Promouvoir efficacement l’innovation exige des politiques publiques novatrices. L’innovation par la création, la diffusion and l’application du savoir est devenue l’un des principaux moteurs de la croissance économique et un élément clé de la réponse à beaucoup de nouveaux besoins sociaux. Toutefois, les déterminants de la capacité d’innover ont changé dans une économie mondialisée fondée sur le savoir. Les politiques gouvernementales visant à stimuler l’innovation doivent être adaptées en conséquence, guidées par un cadre conceptuel adéquat. S’appuyant sur les résultats d’un projet pluriannuel sur les systèmes nationaux d’innovation (SNI), cette publication montre comment le concept de SNI éclaire la réforme nécessaire des politiques de la technologie et de l’innovation.
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264176171
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (225 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Seminars
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Technology and poverty reduction in Asia and the Pacific
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Technologie et lutte contre la pauvreté en Asie et dans le Pacifique
    DDC: 339.46095
    RVK:
    Keywords: Armutsbekämpfung ; Entwicklungspolitik ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Biotechnologie ; Informationstechnik ; Asiatisch-pazifischer Raum ; Armut ; Bekämpfung ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Entwicklungspolitik ; Technologiepolitik ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Asien ; Pazifischer Raum ; Irland ; Portugal ; Thailand ; China ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift ; Electronic books ; Asiatisch-Pazifischer Raum ; Armut ; Bekämpfung ; Technologie
    Abstract: Poverty reduction remains a major development challenge in much of Asia and the Pacific. Historically, technology has played a central role in raising living standards across the region, including those of the poor. The Green Revolution and various innovations of modern medicine and public health have been instrumental in improving nutrition, health, and livelihoods of millions of poor people. Yet, the pace of improvement from these sources appears to have slowed, and new technological impetus — as well as improved policies and institutions — are needed to address the persistent poverty problem in some regions and among some social groups. Agricultural and medical biotechnology hold tremendous promise but also bring with them new risks and concerns that need to be addressed before their full potential can be realised. New information technologies are only beginning to diffuse widely in developing Asia and the Pacific, but ultimately these too can have profound impacts on the lives of the poor, empowering them with access to information that once was the preserve of the privileged few.
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264194465
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Dynamiser les systèmes nationaux d'innovation
    DDC: 338/.064
    RVK:
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Technologiepolitik ; Innovation
    Abstract: Promoting innovation requires innovative government policy. Innovation through the creation, diffusion and use of knowledge has become a key driver of economic growth and provides part of the response to many new societal challenges. However, the determinants of innovation performance have changed in a globalising, knowledge-based economy. Government policy to boost innovation performance must be adapted accordingly, based on a sound conceptual framework. Synthesising the results of a multi-year OECD project on national innovation systems (NIS), this publication demonstrates how the NIS approach can be implemented in designing and implementing more efficient technology and innovation policies.
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  • 89
    ISBN: 9789264199040
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: The Measurement of Scientific and Technological Activities
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manuel de Frascati 2002 ; Méthode type proposée pour les enquêtes sur la recherche et le développement expérimental
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002; Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development (Lithuanian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manual de Frascati 2002; Proposta de Práticas Exemplares para Inquéritos sobre Investigação e Desenvolvimento Experimental
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002; Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manuel de Frascati 2002 : Méthode type proposée pour les enquêtes sur la recherche et le développement expérimental
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002: Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development (Lithuanian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manual de Frascati 2002: Proposta de Práticas Exemplares para Inquéritos sobre Investigação e Desenvolvimento Experimental
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002: Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development (Chinese version)
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: The internationally recognized methodology for collecting and using R&D statistics, the Frascati Manual is an essential tool for statisticians worldwide. It includes definitions of basic concepts, data collection guidelines, and classifications for compiling statistics. This updated edition contains improved guidelines adjusted for changes in OECD economies, including measurement of service-sector R&D, R&D globalisation, and R&D human resources.
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264196391
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (64 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Lignes directrices de l'OCDE sur la protection de la vie privée et les flux transfrontières de données de caractère personnel
    DDC: 343.4170999
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The OECD Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data, adopted on 23 September 1980, continue to represent international consensus on general guidance concerning the collection and management of personal information. By setting out core principles, the Guidelines play a major role in assisting governments, business and consumer representatives in their efforts to protect privacy and personal data, and in obviating unnecessary restrictions to transborder data flows, both on and off line. The reflection of twenty-one years of expertise and experience shared among representatives of OECD governments, business and industry, and civil society, this publication contains the instruments that serve as the foundation for privacy protection at the global level: the 1980 OECD Privacy Guidelines, the 1985 Declaration on Transborder Data Flows and the 1998 Ministerial Declaration on the Protection of Privacy on Global Networks.
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264175105
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 607.2
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Stronger interactions between science and industry underpin growth in a knowledge economy. A comparison of the intensity and quality of industry-science relationships (ISR) in OECD countries shows that many countries are lagging behind in mobilising science for innovation. The report benchmarks OECD countries’ ISR, identifies relevant good practices in managing the interface between public research and the business sector, and provides a framework for monitoring and assessing evolving policies in the area. The report presents an in-depth comparative study of ISR in France and the United Kingdom and a special chapter on Japan.
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264188570
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Tests génétiques ; Les enjeux du nouveau millénaire
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Tests génétiques : Les enjeux du nouveau millénaire
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Genanalyse
    Abstract: Genetic tests are being developed at an impressive rate and a significant number has already reached the market. Substantial involvement of the private sector has led to unprecedented growth in commercial genetic testing services and in trade of such services. This trend is expected to increase as knowledge gained from the mapping of the human genome and of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is applied to the identification of disease-causing genes and of inherited differences in drug response. The potential socio-economic and ethical impacts are staggering. This report provides a state-of-the art review of advances in genetic testing and of main international policy concerns drawing from the OECD workshop on "Genetic Testing: Policy Issues for the New Millennium", held in Vienna on 23-25 February 2000.
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  • 93
    ISBN: 9789264065796
    Language: Slovak
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD;N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Richtlijnen ter bescherming van consumenten in het kader van de Elektronische handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD retningslinjer for forbrukervern ved elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Polish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendação do conselho relativa às linhas directrizes que regem A protecção dos consumidores no contexto do comércio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Swedish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Retningslinier for forbrugerbeskyttelse i forbindelse med elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Leitlinien für den Verbraucherschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem elektronischen Geschäftsverkehrs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendación del consejo de la ocde relativa a los lineamientos para la protección al consumidor en el contexto del comercio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee Guida per la tutela dei consumatori nel contesto del Commercio Elettronico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD:N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce are designed to help ensure that consumers are no less protected when shopping on line than they are when they buy from their local store or order from a catalogue. By setting out the core characteristics of effective consumer protection for online business-to-consumer transactions, the Guidelines are intended to help eliminate some of the uncertainties that both consumers and businesses encounter when buying and selling on line. The Guidelines reflect existing legal protections available to consumers in more traditional forms of commerce. Their aim is to encourage: - fair business, advertising and marketing practices; - clear information about an online business’s identity, the goods or services it offers and the terms and conditions of any transaction; - a transparent process for the confirmation of transactions; - secure payment mechanisms; - fair, timely and affordable dispute resolution and redress; - privacy protection; and - consumer and business education.
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264195875
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Computers Economic aspects ; Brazil ; Economic development Effect of education on ; Education Economic aspects ; Brazil ; Telecommunication Economic aspects ; Brazil ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Brasilien ; Bildungspolitik ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Einkommensentwicklung ; Wissenserwerb
    Abstract: This book looks at Brazil’s recent experience in using knowledge for development. It examines the major barriers confronting the country in its transition towards a knowledge-based economy, and presents elements of a viable strategy which would allow it to step confidently into the future. However, while Brazil has tremendous strengths and the ability to take immense strides forward in the medium term, there are formidable challenges which need to be faced. The country continues to be plagued by a number of weaknesses, hampering its potential for economic, technological and social development. The report argues that Brazil needs to put in place a more comprehensive policy framework for the broad diffusion of knowledge.The Brazilian innovation system and the productivity of research need to be strengthened, while the policy frameworks which are key for disseminating the outcomes of research throughout society as a whole need reinforcing. These reforms should be carried out in such a way that they help build effective links to industrial activity and lead to the creation of marketable products.
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  • 95
    ISBN: 9789264065734
    Language: Finnish
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD retningslinjer for forbrukervern ved elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Polish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendação do conselho relativa às linhas directrizes que regem A protecção dos consumidores no contexto do comércio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Swedish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Retningslinier for forbrugerbeskyttelse i forbindelse med elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Leitlinien für den Verbraucherschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem elektronischen Geschäftsverkehrs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendación del consejo de la ocde relativa a los lineamientos para la protección al consumidor en el contexto del comercio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee Guida per la tutela dei consumatori nel contesto del Commercio Elettronico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Richtlijnen ter bescherming van consumenten in het kader van de Elektronische handel
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce are designed to help ensure that consumers are no less protected when shopping on line than they are when they buy from their local store or order from a catalogue. By setting out the core characteristics of effective consumer protection for online business-to-consumer transactions, the Guidelines are intended to help eliminate some of the uncertainties that both consumers and businesses encounter when buying and selling on line. The Guidelines reflect existing legal protections available to consumers in more traditional forms of commerce. Their aim is to encourage: - fair business, advertising and marketing practices; - clear information about an online business’s identity, the goods or services it offers and the terms and conditions of any transaction; - a transparent process for the confirmation of transactions; - secure payment mechanisms; - fair, timely and affordable dispute resolution and redress; - privacy protection; and - consumer and business education.
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  • 96
    ISBN: 9789264282476
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Creative Society of the 21st Century
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Die kreative Gesellschaft des 21. Jahrhunderts
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Comment exploiter la diversité sociale croissante pour rendre les sociétés de demain plus créatives ? Trois forces puissantes contribuent simultanément à modeler les fondements de la société future : cette diversité sociale accrue, le profond bouleversement des systèmes économiques sous-jacents et la rapidité de l’intégration à l’échelle mondiale. La question est de savoir si ces trois forces pourront ou non se conjuguer de manière constructive et mener au progrès social, ou bien s’il faut envisager un autre scénario ouvrant des perspectives plus sombres.La diversité croissante, dont on ne peut que se féliciter, signifie-t-elle que nous nous orientons vers un creusement des inégalités entre les populations de la planète ? L’accès au nouveau savoir et aux technologies avancées, et l’usage que l’on peut en faire permettront-ils d’atténuer les différences ou vont-ils, au contraire, les accentuer ? Quelles mesures les décideurs peuvent-ils prendre pour veiller à ce que la différenciation croissante au sein d’une même société et entre les sociétés favorise le développement de la créativité au lieu de susciter des tensions ?Cet ouvrage pose sur l’évolution du monde actuel quelques questions délicates. Il fait le point sur les occasions que les pouvoirs publics doivent impérativement saisir s’ils veulent jeter les bases d’une société durable pour le XXIe siècle.
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  • 97
    ISBN: 9789264196087
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (352 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The international mobility of highly skilled workers, in particular human resources in science and technology (HRST) such as scientists, engineers and IT experts, is currently an important policy issue in the majority of OECD countries. Accompanying the booming demand for skilled labour, especially from the information technology-related industries and professions, there is apparently a growing shortage of such workers in a number of OECD Member countries. In order to meet these shortages, an increasing number of countries are implementing measures to facilitate the recruitment of foreign skilled workers. Considering that improved knowledge and understanding of these issues are necessary for informing the policy agenda, the OECD held a seminar on "International Mobility of Highly Skilled Workers: From Statistical Analysis to the Formulation of Policies", in Paris on 11-12 June 2001. This seminar was organised by the Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry (DSTI) and the Directorate for Education, Employment, Labour and Social Affairs (DEELSA). The seminar targeted three main objectives, which are mirrored in the structure of the book: Provide data on the scale and characteristics of flows and stocks of skilled and highly skilled foreign workers in the OECD Member countries and certain non-member economies: South Africa, China, India, Israel, Russia and Chinese Taipei; to assess the quality of the data available and the concepts used, and to help improve their comparability. Analyse the mobility of skilled workers and HRST and their impact on the economy through case studies covering most of the major regions sending and receiving these workers. Examine appropriate migration policies aimed at facilitating the mobility of skilled workers in ways that are beneficial both to receiving and sending countries.
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  • 98
    ISBN: 9789264192928
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Science and technology improves human health but the pressure for faster and larger improvements is building with the continued ageing of the population of many OECD countries and the associated increased demands for health care. A fundamental starting point for better understanding of the impact of innovation on health is the measurement of R&D. This publication addresses this issue by looking in detail at measurement practices across ten OECD member countries as well as the main international sources.
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  • 99
    Language: English
    Pages: 55 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.54
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Inventaire des lois, politiques et pratiques régissant la protection des consommateurs dans le contexte du commerce électronique
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Consumer laws, policies and practices exist to help build consumers’ trust and confidence by protecting them from unfair or deceptive acts or practices and helping to establish a more balanced relationship between sellers and consumers in commercial transactions. Domestic retail markets offer consumers assurances that their interactions and purchases are covered by national legal and private sector consumer protections. The increase in cross-border transactions and the limited or non-existent face-to-face contact between businesses and consumers brought on by the growth of electronic commerce reinforce the need for a predictable and trustworthy global marketplace.
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  • 100
    Language: English
    Pages: 14 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.55
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Coopération bilatérale pour combattre la fraude transfontière: l'expérience des Etats-Unis et du Canada
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Canada ; United States
    Abstract: On 22 March 2000 the CCP held a half-day Forum Session intended to explore the challenges and possibilities associated with international co-operation. Using the experience of the United States and Canada as a practical example, the session provided an overview of ongoing efforts to combat the growing problem of cross-border fraudulent, misleading and unfair commercial conduct. The delegations of Canada and the United States took the leading role in preparing for the session, giving the Committee a first-hand look at their experiences working together to facilitate communication, information sharing, and bilateral co-operation in certain cross-border enforcement actions. The following is a summary record of the Forum Session and the presentations given by representatives from the Competition Bureau of Industry Canada and the United States Federal Trade Commission. Copyright
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