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  • 2010-2014  (272)
  • 1940-1944  (14)
  • 2012  (272)
  • World Bank  (214)
  • Grimm, Wilhelm  (58)
Datasource
Material
Language
Years
Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
Subjects(RVK)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Werke : Forschungsausgabe (1985-)
    Hildesheim [u.a.] : Olms-Weidmann
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    Language: German
    Pages: TIFF, Vers.6.0, 600 dpi, 1 bit (s/w), ITU group 4; Digitalisierungsvorlage: Primärausgabe
    Edition: Electronic. ed. Hildesheim [u.a.] Olms 2006 Olms online. Reprints. Sammlung zur Philosophie und deutschsprachigen Literatur des 16. bis 20. Jahrhunderts
    Edition: Göttingen GDZ
    Former Title: Teilw. u.d.T. Grimm, Jacob: Sämtliche Werke
    Note: Nachdr. teilw. in der Reihe Documenta linguistica , SUB Göttingen
    URL: Volltext
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    Online Resource
    BSZ
    GBV
  • 2
    Book
    Book
    Werke : Forschungsausgabe (1985-)
    Hildesheim [u.a.] : Olms-Weidmann
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    Language: German
    Additional Information: Rezension Kaiste, Jaanna [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Abt. 3, Gemeinsame Werke, Bd. 43-45] 2006
    Additional Information: Rezension Beck, Heinrich [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Abt. 1. Bd. 17-18] 1995
    Additional Information: Rezension Speer, Heino [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Abt. 1. Bd. 17-18] 1995
    Additional Information: Rezension Lecouteux, C. [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Bd. 17-18] 1994
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Pöge-Alder, Kathrin, 1965 - [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob, 1785-1863, Werke] 2006
    Former Title: Teilw. u.d.T. Grimm, Jacob: Sämtliche Werke
    Note: Nachdr. teilw. in der Reihe Documenta linguistica
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    GBV
  • 3
    Book
    Book
    Werke : Forschungsausgabe (1985-)
    Hildesheim [u.a.] : Olms-Weidmann
    Details
    Language: German
    Additional Information: Rezension Kaiste, Jaanna [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Abt. 3, Gemeinsame Werke, Bd. 43-45] 2006
    Additional Information: Rezension Beck, Heinrich [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Abt. 1. Bd. 17-18] 1995
    Additional Information: Rezension Speer, Heino [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Abt. 1. Bd. 17-18] 1995
    Additional Information: Rezension Lecouteux, C. [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Bd. 17-18] 1994
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Pöge-Alder, Kathrin, 1965 - [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob, 1785-1863, Werke] 2006
    Former Title: Teilw. u.d.T. Grimm, Jacob: Sämtliche Werke
    Note: Nachdr. teilw. in der Reihe Documenta linguistica
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    KOBV
  • 4
    Book
    Book
    Kinder- und Haus-Märchen (1819-)
    Berlin : bei G. Reimer
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    Language: German
    Pages: 8°
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion Kinder- und Haus-Märchen
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    Note: In Fraktur
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  • 5
    Book
    Book
    Kinder- und Hausmärchen (1910-)
    Berlin [u.a.] : Bong
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    Language: German
    Pages: octavo
    Edition: Neue durchges. Ausg.
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen
    Note: T. 1. 2
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    KOBV
  • 6
    Book
    Book
    Kinder und Hausmärchen. (1837-)
    Göttingen : Dieterich
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    Language: German
    Edition: Große Ausg.
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion Kinder und Hausmärchen.
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
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  • 7
    Book
    Book
    Kinder und Hausmärchen. (1837-)
    Göttingen : Dieterich
    Details
    Language: German
    Edition: Große Ausg.
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion Kinder und Hausmärchen.
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
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    KOBV
  • 8
    Book
    Book
    Kinder- und Haus-Märchen (1819-)
    Berlin : bei G. Reimer
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 8°
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion Kinder- und Haus-Märchen
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    Note: In Fraktur
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    KOBV
  • 9
    Book
    Book
    Der goldene Schlüssel und sieben andere Märchen (1987-)
    Berlin : Kinderbuchverl.
    Details
    ISBN: 3358000923
    Language: German
    Pages: 16 cm
    Uniform Title: Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen
    Note: Teilausg
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    MEK Berlin
  • 10
    Book
    Book
    Kinder- und Hausmärchen (1912-)
    Jena : Diederichs
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    Language: German
    Pages: octavo
    Series Statement: Märchen der Weltliteratur ...
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Deutschland ; Märchen
    Note: In Fraktur
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    MEK Berlin
  • 11
    Book
    Book
    Volkslieder : aus der Handschriftensammlung der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg (1985-)
    Marburg : Elwert
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    Language: German
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    MEK Berlin
  • 12
    Book
    Book
    Deutsches Wörterbuch (1854-)
    Leipzig : Hirzel
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    Language: German
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion Grimm, Jacob, 1785 - 1863 Deutsches Wörterbuch
    DDC: 433
    RVK:
    AH 11000
    RVK:
    AH 11080
    RVK:
    GB 1490
    Keywords: German language ; Dictionaries ; German language - Dictionaries ; Wörterbuch ; Deutsch ; Grimm, Jacob 1785-1863 ; Grimm, Wilhelm 1786-1859 ; Deutschland ; Geschichte
    Abstract: Neubearbeitung
    Note: Quellen-Verz. im Verl. Huth, Göttingen, erschienen. - Quellen-Verz., photomechanischer Neudr. im Verl. Funk, Berlin, ersch.
    URL: http://woerterbuchnetz.de/cgi-bin/WBNetz/wbgui_py?sigle=DWB
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    MEK Berlin
  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Kinder- und Haus-Märchen (1819-)
    Berlin : bei G. Reimer
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 8°
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe München Bayerische Staatsbibliothek 2022 1 Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Kinder- und Haus-Märchen
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    Note: In Fraktur
    URL: kostenfrei
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    Online Resource
    BSZ
    GBV
  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Kinder und Hausmärchen. (1837-)
    Göttingen : Dieterich
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    Language: German
    Edition: Große Ausgabe
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe München Bayerische Staatsbibliothek 2022 1 Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Kinder und Hausmärchen. (1837-)
    Göttingen : Dieterich
    Details
    Language: German
    Edition: Große Ausg.
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe Berlin Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz 2021 Historische Drucke digital
    Edition: Nachlass Grimm digital
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 16
    Book
    Book
    Grimms Märchen international : zehn der bekanntesten Grimmschen Märchen und ihre europäischen und außereuropäischen Verwandten (1996-)
    Paderborn [u.a.] : Schöningh
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 24 cm
    DDC: 398.2
    Keywords: Kinder- und Hausmärchen ; Fairy tales ; Germany ; Anthologie ; Kinder- und Hausmärchen ; Vergleichende Märchenforschung
    Note: Enth. Literaturangaben und Register
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  • 17
    Book
    Book
    The Egyptian fertility survey, 1980 (1983-)
    Cairo : The Agency
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: ill , 30 cm
    DDC: 304.6/32/0962
    Keywords: Fertility ; Egypt ; Egypt ; Population ; Birth control ; Egypt
    Note: World Fertility Survey, International Statistical Institute , This project was conducted as part of the World Fertility Survey and with the collaboration of the World Bank"--T.p. verso , Includes bibliographical references
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  • 18
    Book
    Book
    Kinder- und Hausmärchen : nach der zweiten, vermehrten und verbesserten Auflage von 1819, textkritisch revidiert und mit einer Biographie der Grimmschen Märchen versehen (1982-)
    Köln [u.a.] : Diederichs
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    ISBN: 3424007358 , 3424007366
    Language: German
    Pages: 20 cm
    Series Statement: Die Märchen der Weltliteratur
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    MEK Berlin
  • 19
    Book
    Book
    Volkslieder : aus der Handschriftensammlung der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg (1985-)
    Marburg : Elwert
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    Language: German
    Pages: 24 cm
    Additional Information: Rezension Karbusicky, Vladimir [Rezension von: Volkslieder, aus der Handschriftensammlung der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg, Brüder Grimm. Hrsg. von Charlotte Oberfeld ..., Bd. 1 - 3. 1985-89] 1991
    Additional Information: Rezension Schade, Ernst [Rezension von: Volkslieder, aus der Handschriftensammlung der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg, Brüder Grimm. Hrsg. von Charlotte Oberfeld ..., Bd. 2 - 3. 1987-89] 1991
    Additional Information: Rezension Schenda, Rudolf [Rezension von: Volkslieder, aus der Handschriftensammlung der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg, Brüder Grimm. Hrsg. von Charlotte Oberfeld ..., Bd. 1 - 3 . 1985-89] 1990
    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Grimm, Jacob 1785-1863 ; Volkslied ; Grimm, Wilhelm 1786-1859 ; Volkslied
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    Ethn. Museum Berlin
  • 20
    Book
    Book
    Anmerkungen zu den Kinder- und Hausmärchen der Brüder Grimm (1913-)
    Leipzig : Dieterich
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    Language: German
    Pages: 8°
    Additional Information: Rezension Wardetzky, Kristin "Mit Überraschung bemerkt man die Verwandtschaft mit den Märchen anderer weit entfernter Völker" 2014
    Keywords: Kinder- und Hausmärchen ; Märchenforschung ; Lyrik ; Literatur ; Deutsch ; Prosa ; Kommentar ; Kinder- und Hausmärchen ; Märchenforschung ; Lyrik ; Literatur ; Deutsch ; Prosa
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  • 21
    Book
    Book
    Kinder- und Hausmärchen : mit einem Anhang sämtlicher, nicht in allen Auflagen veröffentlichter Märchen und Herkunftsnachweisen (2001-)
    Stuttgart : Reclam
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    Details
    ISBN: 315030024X , 9783150300428 , 9783150300480
    Language: German
    Pages: 20 cm; (2001-2010): 17 cm
    Edition: Ausg. letzter Hand mit den Orig.-Anm. der Brüder Grimm
    Former Title: Gesamtausgabe
    DDC: 398.20943
    RVK:
    GB 2705
    RVK:
    GB 2706
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Deutsch ; Märchen
    Note: Literaturangaben
    URL: Inhaltstext 2010
    URL: Inhaltstext 2014
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    Weltkulturen Museum
    BSZ
  • 22
    Book
    Book
    Grimms Märchen international : zehn der bekanntesten Grimmschen Märchen und ihre europäischen und aussereuropäischen Verwandten (1996-)
    Paderborn [u.a.] : Schöningh
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    Details
    Language: German
    RVK:
    EC 7260
    RVK:
    DX 4151
    RVK:
    GB 2708
    RVK:
    LC 81015
    RVK:
    GE 6083
    Keywords: Kinder- und Hausmärchen ; Vergleichende Märchenforschung
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    BSZ
  • 23
    Book
    Book
    Kinder- und Hausmärchen : mit einem Anhang sämtlicher, nicht in allen Auflagen veröffentlichter Märchen und Herkunftsnachweisen (2001-)
    Stuttgart : Reclam
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    Details
    ISBN: 315030024X , 9783150300428 , 9783150300480
    Language: German
    Pages: 20 cm; (2001-2010): 17 cm
    Edition: Ausg. letzter Hand mit den Orig.-Anm. der Brüder Grimm
    Former Title: Gesamtausgabe
    DDC: 398.20943
    RVK:
    GB 2705
    RVK:
    GB 2706
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Deutsch ; Märchen
    Note: Literaturangaben
    URL: Inhaltstext 2010
    URL: Inhaltstext 2014
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    BSZ
  • 24
    Book
    Book
    Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm : kritische Ausgabe in Einzelbänden (2001-)
    Stuttgart : Hirzel
    Details
    Language: German
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm
    DDC: 398.2092243
    RVK:
    GB 2666
    RVK:
    GB 2636
    RVK:
    GB 2706
    Keywords: Grimm, Jacob Correspondence ; Grimm, Wilhelm Correspondence ; Grimm, Jacob Correspondence ; Grimm, Wilhelm Correspondence ; Philologists Correspondence ; Germany ; Philologists Correspondence ; Briefsammlung ; Grimm, Jacob 1785-1863 ; Grimm, Wilhelm 1786-1859 ; Grimm, Wilhelm 1786-1859 ; Grimm, Jacob 1785-1863
    Note: Enth. Briefe von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm , Bd. 1. Briefwechsel zwischen Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm : T. 1. Text. T. 2. Zusätzliche Texte; Sagenkonkordanz. T. 3. Kommentar / verfasst und herausgegeben von Stephan Bialas-Pophanken , Bd. 2. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Karl Bartsch, Franz Pfeiffer und Gabriel Riedel , Bd. 3. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Gustav Hugo , Bd. 4. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Theodor Georg von Karajan, Wilhelm Wackernagel, Johann Hugo Wyttenbach und Julius Zacher , Bd. 5. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit den Verlegern des "Deutschen Wörterbuchs" Karl Reimer und Salomon Hirzel , Bd. 6. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Rudolf Hildebrand, Matthias Lexer und Karl Weigand , Bd. 7. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Gustav Freytag, Moriz Haupt, Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben und Franz Joseph Mone , Bd. 8. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Johann Martin Lappenberg, Friedrich Lisch und Georg Waitz , Bd. 9. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit ihren älteren Verwandten , 1,1 (2001) -
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    KOBV
  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Kinder- und Haus-Märchen (1819-)
    Berlin : bei G. Reimer
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    Language: German
    Pages: 8°
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe München Bayerische Staatsbibliothek 2022 1 Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Kinder- und Haus-Märchen
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    Note: In Fraktur
    URL: kostenfrei
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    Online Resource
    KOBV
  • 26
    Book
    Book
    Kinder- und Hausmärchen : mit einem Anhang sämtlicher, nicht in allen Auflagen veröffentlichter Märchen und Herkunftsnachweisen (1980-)
    Stuttgart : Reclam
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    Details
    ISBN: 3150231914
    Language: German
    Pages: 15 cm
    Edition: Ausg. letzter Hand mit den Originalanmerkungen der Brüder Grimm
    Series Statement: (Reclams) Universal-Bibliothek ...
    RVK:
    GB 2705
    RVK:
    GB 2706
    RVK:
    LC 81015
    RVK:
    GE 6923
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Märchen
    Note: Literaturangaben
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    BSZ
  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Kinder und Hausmärchen. (1837-)
    Göttingen : Dieterich
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    Language: German
    Edition: Große Ausg.
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe Berlin Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz 2021 Historische Drucke digital
    Edition: Nachlass Grimm digital
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    URL: kostenfrei
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    Online Resource
    KOBV
  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Kinder und Hausmärchen. (1837-)
    Göttingen : Dieterich
    Details
    Language: German
    Edition: Große Ausgabe
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe München Bayerische Staatsbibliothek 2022 1 Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Keywords: Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    URL: kostenfrei
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    Online Resource
    KOBV
  • 29
    Book
    Book
    Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm : kritische Ausgabe in Einzelbänden (2001-)
    Stuttgart : Hirzel
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    Details
    Language: German
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm
    DDC: 398.2092243
    RVK:
    GB 2666
    RVK:
    GB 2636
    RVK:
    GB 2706
    Keywords: Grimm, Jacob Correspondence ; Grimm, Wilhelm Correspondence ; Grimm, Jacob Correspondence ; Grimm, Wilhelm Correspondence ; Philologists Correspondence ; Germany ; Philologists Correspondence ; Briefsammlung ; Grimm, Jacob 1785-1863 ; Grimm, Wilhelm 1786-1859 ; Grimm, Wilhelm 1786-1859 ; Grimm, Jacob 1785-1863
    Note: Enth. Briefe von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm , Bd. 1. Briefwechsel zwischen Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm : T. 1. Text. T. 2. Zusätzliche Texte; Sagenkonkordanz. T. 3. Kommentar / verfasst und herausgegeben von Stephan Bialas-Pophanken , Bd. 2. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Karl Bartsch, Franz Pfeiffer und Gabriel Riedel , Bd. 3. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Gustav Hugo , Bd. 4. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Theodor Georg von Karajan, Wilhelm Wackernagel, Johann Hugo Wyttenbach und Julius Zacher , Bd. 5. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit den Verlegern des "Deutschen Wörterbuchs" Karl Reimer und Salomon Hirzel , Bd. 6. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Rudolf Hildebrand, Matthias Lexer und Karl Weigand , Bd. 7. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Gustav Freytag, Moriz Haupt, Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben und Franz Joseph Mone , Bd. 8. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Johann Martin Lappenberg, Friedrich Lisch und Georg Waitz , Bd. 9. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit ihren älteren Verwandten , 1,1 (2001) -
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    BSZ
    GBV
  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Deutsches Wörterbuch (1983-2018)
    Leipzig : S. Hirzel Verlag
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    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: Digitalisierungsvorlage: Original
    Edition: Neubearbeitung
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe Hannover Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB) 2022
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Deutsches Wörterbuch
    RVK:
    AH 11000
    RVK:
    AH 11080
    RVK:
    GB 1490
    Keywords: German language Dictionaries ; Deutsch Wörterbuch ; Wörterbuch ; Deutsch
    Note: Die Neubearbeitung umfasst nur die Buchstaben A-F (Band 1-9) , Erscheinungsbeginn: 1965 , Ab 1993 herausgegeben von der Berlin-Brandenburgischen Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen
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  • 31
    Book
    Book
    Deutsches Wörterbuch (1983-2018)
    Leipzig : Hirzel
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    ISBN: 3740100001
    Language: German
    Pages: 31 cm
    Edition: Neubearb.
    Additional Information: Rezension Krogh, Steffen [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Deutsches Wörterbuch, Bd. 2. Lfg. 4. u. Bd. 7. Lfg. 8. 1993] 1996
    Additional Information: Rezension Stricker, Stefanie [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Deutsches Wörterbuch, Bd. 2. Lfg. 5 u. Bd. 8. Doppellfg. 1/2. 1994-95] 1996
    Additional Information: Rezension Korencsy, Ottó [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Deutsches Wörterbuch, Bd. 2. Lfg. 5 - 6 u. Bd. 8. Doppellfg. 1/2. 1994-95] 1996
    Additional Information: Rezension Stricker, Stefanie [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Deutsches Wörterbuch, Bd. 2. Lfg. 6 - 7 u. Bd. 8 Doppellfg. 1/2. 1995-96 ] 1998
    Additional Information: Rezension Müller, Peter O. [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Deutsches Wörterbuch, Bd. 2. Lfg. 5 - 6 u. Bd. 8. Doppellfg. 1/2. 1994-95] 1996
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion Deutsches Wörterbuch
    RVK:
    AH 11000
    RVK:
    AH 11080
    RVK:
    GB 1490
    Keywords: German language Dictionaries ; Deutsch Wörterbuch ; Wörterbuch ; Deutsch
    Note: Die Neubearbeitung umfasst nur die Buchstaben A-F (Band 1-9) , Erscheinungsbeginn: 1965 , Ab 1993 hrsg. von der Berlin-Brandenburgischen Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen
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    The annotated Brothers Grimm (2012)
    New York : W.W. Norton
    Details
    ISBN: 0393088863 , 9780393088861
    Language: English
    Pages: liii, 496 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: Bicentennial edition
    DDC: 398.20943
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    HeBIS
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    Children and youth in crisis : protecting and promoting human development in times of economic shocks (2012)
    Washington DC : World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9780821395479 , 9780821395486
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (p. cm)
    Edition: 2012 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Directions in development
    DDC: 362.7
    Keywords: Business cycles Social aspects ; Child welfare Economic aspects ; Children Social conditions ; Financial crises Social aspects ; Youth Social conditions ; Business cycles Social aspects ; Child welfare Economic aspects ; Children Social conditions ; Financial crises Social aspects ; Youth Social conditions ; Business cycles ; Child welfare ; Children ; Financial crises ; Youth
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
    DOI: 10.1956/978-0-8213-9547-9
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Governance and decentralization in the Ghana health sector (2012)
    Washington DC : International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9780821395899
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (p) , cm
    Edition: 2012 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 362.109667
    Keywords: Health Policy ; Regional Health Planning economics ; Regional Health Planning organization & administration ; Health Policy ; Regional Health Planning ; Regional Health Planning
    Description / Table of Contents: Literature review on decentralizationRegulatory and policy framework on decentralization in Ghana -- Rapid assessment of local capacity and challenges -- Analysis of regional resource allocation -- Main challenges and policy options.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9589-9
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Urban risk assessments : an approach for understanding disaster and climate risk in cities (2012)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9780821389621 , 9780821389638
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xvi, 256 p) , ill., maps (some col.) , 23 cm
    Edition: 2012 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Urban development
    DDC: 307.760973
    Keywords: City planning Environmental aspects ; Climatic changes Social aspects ; Environmental risk assessment ; Natural disasters Social aspects ; Risk assessment ; Urban ecology (Sociology) ; Urban policy ; City planning Environmental aspects ; Climatic changes Social aspects ; Environmental risk assessment ; Natural disasters Social aspects ; Risk assessment ; Urban ecology (Sociology) ; Urban policy ; City planning ; Climatic changes ; Environmental risk assessment ; Environmental aspects ; Social aspects ; Natural disasters ; Risk assessment ; Social aspects ; Urban ecology (Sociology) ; Urban policy
    Note: "The report was prepared by a Bank team comprised of Eric Dickson ... [et al.] , Includes bibliographical references and index
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-8962-1
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Impact Evaluation of Business License Simplification in Peru : An Independent Assessment of an International Finance Corporation-Supported Project (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9780821398029
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (45 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Abstract: This evaluation is about the nature and magnitude of the cost savings and other benefits of business license simplification in one of the central districts of Lima, Peru. IEG asked whether the project’s license simplification reform reduced costs and operating procedures and whether it increased business registration. The project was implemented from 2005 to 2007. Two evaluations done in 2007 and 2008-11 examined, respectively, whether the project led to reductions in time and procedures and whether it led to improved business outcomes. This evaluation reviewed both of those, collected additional data, and drew lessons for future operations. The evidence points to significant reductions in time, monetary costs, and business procedures for businesses that registered to obtain licenses. However, the greater formality of the business environment did not improve the enterprises’ access to financing, facilitate investment, or remove invisible barriers to business growth. These results have policy implications for formal business environments. Although there were not large positive effects for enterprise outcomes, enterprise owners and society overall gained through owners spending less time away from their firms to certify and register their firms. Such projects are sometimes promoted as a way to foster dynamic businesses, but the evidence in this report suggests that the more mundane time and cost savings are a significant part of the benefits. These results offer the promise of sharpening the understanding of the circumstances under which reforms may be viewed as a growth engine for a society; they also enable IFC to provide a more focused understanding of reasonable expectations for such projects. Based on these findings, IEG’s evaluation offers several recommendations about follow-up evaluations, investment in data collection, and developing a base of evidence to aid in setting expectations for projects
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9801-2
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    The little data book on financial development 2013 (2012)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821397540 , 9780821397541 , 9780821397558
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (vi, 227 p) , 22 x 11 cm
    Edition: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    Keywords: Finance Statistics ; Finance Statistics Government policy ; Financial institutions Statistics State supervision ; International finance Statistics ; Finance Statistics ; Finance Statistics Government policy ; Financial institutions Statistics State supervision ; International finance Statistics ; Finance ; Finance ; Financial institutions ; International finance
    Abstract: A pocket edition of the Global Financial Development Database, published as part of the work on the Global Financial Development Report 2013: Rethinking the Role of the State in Finance. It contains 38 indicators of financial development in 205 economies, including measures of (1) financial depth, (2) access, (3) efficiency, and (4) stability of financial institutions and markets
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9754-1
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Iraq Investment Climate Assessment 2012 (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Despite decades of war and instability, Iraq's abundant natural resources, strategic geographic location and cultural history endow Iraq with tremendous potential for growth and diverse economic development. Driven by windfall oil revenues in recent years, the Government of Iraq has invested heavily in rebuilding the infrastructure of the country, and its abundant oil reserves ensure that progress can continue steadily. This report was initiated at the request of the Iraqi government to assess the local investment climate and identify those high priority factors which most significantly impede private sector development in Iraq, in an effort to prioritize the recommended investments, institutional and regulatory reforms which would most significantly contribute to sustainable private sector growth and increased productivity
    DOI: 10.1596/28566
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Vanuatu Early Grade Reading Assessment Baseline Survey : Francophone Stream Results Report (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Education Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: In August 2010, the Government of Vanuatu carried out early grade reading baseline assessments in English and Francophone schools with financial support from local education partners and technical assistance from the World Bank. The results of the Vanuatu Early Grade Reading Assessment (VANEGRA) are cause for concern. French language findings show that while most students develop some fundamental skills in grade levels 1, 2 and 3, by the end of grade 3, less than 1 in 4 students are able to develop fluency in reading to understand most of the text they read. The VANEGRA survey also collected data on the attributes of students, teachers and schools. Factors that were shown to be predictors of better reading performance in the early grades include: speaking French at home, owning the school textbook, having literate parents, having books at home, reading at school and at home, attending kindergarten, doing homework, and receiving help from a family member to do homework. Neither teacher experience nor in-service training showed statistical effects on student reading outcomes and two types of certification showed negative and statistically significant effects on student outcomes both in reading fluency and comprehension. VANEGRA also asked about use of seven reading instructional activities. Students who were never asked to learn the meaning of new words or practice grapheme sound correspondences showed negative and statistically significant effects. Conversely, students who were assigned reading daily in their own school time showed positive and statistically significant results. Lastly, VANEGRA asked about teacher expectations for students' reading performance. Interestingly, the fact that some teachers allowed students to consolidate some reading skills later than the median expectation was associated with better and statistically significant results. Based on the analysis presented, recommendations for improved reading instruction and greater parental involvement are presented at the end of the report
    DOI: 10.1596/27826
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    Middle East and North Africa Regional Economic Update, April 2012 : Enabling Employment Miracles (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Middle East and North Africa Economic Monitor
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Political uncertainties in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) continue to affect the short term economic prospects in the region, while major developments in the global economy over the past six months have put the region on a two-track growth path for 2012. These developments include a significant rise in crude oil prices on fears of oil supply disruptions and weak economic activity in the Eurozone. Economic growth of MENA's oil exporting countries will be strong as it rebounds from the average of 3.4 percent in 2011 to 5.4 percent in 2012. Overall growth in the region is expected to be 4.8 percent in 2012, surpassing the 3 percent growth achieved in 2011. Improvement in the growth prospects of oil exporters is due to strength in oil markets. The fiscal situation is expected to remain tenuous for oil importing countries, especially those going through transitions. Overall, inflation is expected to remain subdued in 2012, with the notable exceptions of Iran and Egypt. Subsidies are currently dampening currently dampening the effects of increased global food and energy prices in many MENA countries
    DOI: 10.1596/27236
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    Stagnation or Revival? : Palestinian Economic Prospects (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This report begins by documenting the Palestinian Authority's (PA's) ongoing fiscal crisis that threatens its ability to provide basic services to the population. In 2011, the PA required about US
    DOI: 10.1596/27153
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Vietnam : Developing a Modern Pension System--Current Challenges and Options for Future Reform (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Social Protection Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: With declining fertility and rising life expectancy, the Vietnamese population is expected to age rapidly, making the development of a modern social security system a pressing priority for Vietnam. The current system faces a number of major challenges, including low coverage rates in both the formal and informal sectors, inequities between different participant groups, lack of financial sustainability, and weak capacity for management and implementation of social insurance programs. Reforms are needed urgently to expand coverage, promote fairness, improve financial sustainability, and modernize the social security administration in order to help ensure income security for Vietnam's aging population in the coming decades. This note aims to contribute to the policy discussions around possible revisions to the social insurance code foreseen for 2013 by reviewing some of these challenges and possible reform options
    DOI: 10.1596/27225
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    Societal Dynamics & Fragility : Engaging Societies in Responding to Fragile Situations (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Social Analysis
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Extreme fragile situations are now home to at least a quarter of the worlds people. In the worst cases, where fragility has given way to open violence - people are more than twice as likely to be malnourished, more than three times as likely to be unable to send their children to school, twice as likely to see their children die before age five, and more than twice as likely to lack clean water. It is unsurprising that not a single low-income country in these circumstances has been able to achieve even one Millennium Development Goal (World Bank 2011). In addition, many fragile situations generate spillover effects such as trafficking in illegal goods and persons, and corruption, which threaten the stability of neighboring countries (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, or OECD 2005, 2010). This study views fragility as not only a problem of state capacity, but also of relationships in society. That is, while some elements of fragility emanate from the state, others are deeply rooted in societal dynamics, the way individuals and groups interact and the relationships that form out of these interactions
    DOI: 10.1596/27226
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    Enhancing Carbon Stocks and Reducing CO2 Emissions in Agriculture and Natural Resource Management Projects : Toolkit (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Agricultural Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: There is global interest in promoting mitigation and adaptation in agriculture, forest, and other land-use (AFOLU) sectors to address the twin goals of climate change and sustainable development. This guideline deals with how to enhance carbon stocks in general in all land-based projects and its specific relationship with agriculture productivity. It outlines specific steps and procedures that need to be followed by project proponents and managers of land-based projects to enhance carbon stocks synergistically with increasing crop productivity. This guideline for carbon stock enhancement or CO2 emission reduction in agriculture and natural resource management (NRM) projects covering all land-use sectors presents two approaches. The first approach is a generic one covering all the land categories and interventions aimed at promoting the economic benefits (crop, timber, and non-timber wood product production, and employment or livelihood generation) and environmental benefits (soil and water conservation, land reclamation, and biodiversity protection) of a project, synergistically optimizing carbon stock enhancement as a co-benefit. The second approach provides guidelines for project developers to maximize project C-benefits along with promoting high-value cropping systems and production practices appropriate for a given agro-ecological region as well as to meet the needs of the local stakeholders, such as farmers or landless laborers. An illustration of the two approaches is presented at the end of the executive summary. The guidelines provide methods for selection and incorporation of carbon stock enhancement modules and practices along with methods for estimation and monitoring of carbon stock changes as well as assessment of social and economic implications of carbon enhancement (C-enhancement) interventions
    DOI: 10.1596/27117
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    Devolution without Disruption : Pathways to a Successful New Kenya (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Public Sector Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Kenya's new constitution marks a critical juncture in the nation's history. It is widely perceived, by Kenyans from all walks of life, as a new beginning. Indeed, many feel that post- independence Kenya has been characterized by centralization of political and economic power in the hands of a few, resulting in an uneven and unfair distribution of resources and corresponding access to social services; the opposite of an inclusive state. Born of the political opportunity created by the 2008 post-election violence, the constitution finally adopted, after almost a decade of unsuccessful reform attempts, presages far-reaching changes. Its vision encompasses a dramatic transformation of the Kenyan state through new accountable and transparent institutions, inclusive approaches to government and a firm focus on equitable service delivery for all Kenyans through the newly established county governments. Devolution is at the heart of the new constitution and a key vehicle for addressing spatial inequities. A more decentralized government makes eminent sense, given Kenya's diversity and experience with political use of central power. Decentralization has been increasingly seen and adopted worldwide as a guarantee against discretionary use of power by central elites as well as a way to enhance the efficiency of social service provision, by allowing for a closer match between public policies and the desires and needs of local constituencies. Kenya's constitution entrenches devolved government by guaranteeing a minimum unconditional transfer to counties under the new dispensation. The devolution train has already left the station: the challenge is to make sure it arrives at destination, safely and on time. The politics of devolution explain the high intensity of hopes and expectations that have been pinned to it. It also means there are high risks if they are disappointed. There are great opportunities and enormous challenges waiting for Kenya, in a critical election year, which will determine the fate of the country, politically and economically for years to come. This report takes a snapshot look at the critical issues facing Kenya's policy makers today. It does not argue for or against devolution (a decision that belongs solely to Kenyans), but presents suggestions and recommendations on how best to navigate the tough choices ahead. It's main focus in on helping Kenya manage a delicate transition
    DOI: 10.1596/27157
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    Health Equity and Financial Protection in Malawi (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Health Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The health equity and financial protection reports are short country-specific volumes that provide a picture of equity and financial protection in the health sectors of low-and middle-income countries. Topics covered include: inequalities in health outcomes, health behavior and health care utilization; benefit incidence analysis; financial protection; and the progressivity of health care financing. Malawi's government is committed to improving equity and financial protection in the health sector. Equity is explicitly mentioned as one of the four objectives in the Health Sector Strategic Plan (HSSP). The overall objective of the HSSP is to contribute towards Malawi's attainment of the health and related millennium development goals. The specific objectives of the HSSP are, therefore, to: 1) increase coverage of the high quality Essential Health Package (EHP) services; 2) reduce risk factors to health; 3) improve equity and efficiency in the delivery of quality EHP services; and 4) strengthen the performance of the health system to support delivery of EHP services. Malawi spends 6.2 per cent (2009) of its gross domestic product (GDP) on health. This is similar to the average spending in other lower income countries in Africa, which have spent an average of 6.5 per cent (2009) of their GDP on health. The central Ministry of health is responsible for the development and enforcement of health policy, regulation of the health sector, creation of standards and norms, allocation and management of resources, provision of technical support, coordination, and monitoring and evaluation
    DOI: 10.1596/27156
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    Health Equity and Financial Protection in Ghana (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Health Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The health equity and financial protection reports are short country-specific volumes that provide a picture of equity and financial protection in the health sectors of low-and middle-income countries. Topics covered include: inequalities in health outcomes, health behavior and health care utilization; benefit incidence analysis; financial protection; and the progressivity of health care financing. Ghana's government is committed to improving equity and financial protection in the health sector. In 2005, the Government of Ghana amended its growth and poverty reduction strategy report to include a new target in the country's development: to reach middle income status by the year 2015 (Republic of Ghana 2005). Ghana's Minister of health has called attention to the role that health plays in economic development and has placed equity in both access and delivery of health services as a top priority for reaching middle income status (Ministry of health 2007). Ghana spends 8.1 per cent (2009) of its gross domestic product (GDP) on health. This is greater than the spending levels in other lower middle-income countries in Africa, which spend an average of 5.8 per cent (2009) of their GDP on health. Ghana provides free health services for certain vulnerable groups, such as children under five, people over 70, and pregnant women. In addition, immunization and services to combat certain communicable diseases are provided free of charge
    DOI: 10.1596/27067
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    India Economic Update, September 2012 (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Real gross domestic produ ...
    DOI: 10.1596/27069
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    India Economic Update, March 2012 (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: In 2011, India's economic growth has slowed to below 7 percent and the stock markets mirrored the weakening economic conditions, but recovered somewhat in early 2012. Industrial sector output growth briefly slipped into negative territory. On the demand side, fixed investment and consumption growth slowed. India's exports were growing very strongly through 2011 despite the worsening economic conditions in Europe, which continued to be India's most important export market. The balance of payments continued to be in surplus during April-September 2011, but the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) reserves declined by a small amount since then. The rupee nevertheless depreciated by 20 percent between August and December, before recovering somewhat in early 2012. Macroeconomic policies presented a mixed picture: the central government is likely to miss the ambitious target for fiscal consolidation it had set in the FY2011-12 budget by about one percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Slippages are due to lower-than-expected revenues and increasing outlays on subsidies, which had been given low budgetary allocations in anticipation of strong policy changes, which failed to materialize. In India, the slowdown in GDP growth witnessed over the last two quarters is likely to extend into the coming fiscal year because of the weakness in investment. In FY2011-12 and FY2012-13, GDP growth is forecast to reach around 7-7.5 percent, a significant slowdown from the 9-10 percent growth in the run-up to the global financial crisis. The slowdown is at least partly caused by structural problems (power projects facing delays due to the lack of coal and gas feedstock, mining and the telecom sectors hit by corruption scandals, unavailability of land and infrastructure)
    DOI: 10.1596/27071
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    Bangladesh Economic Update, October 2012 (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Despite an unfavourable global economy, economic growth in Bangladesh is projected at close to 6 percent in fiscal 2013 (FY13). Adverse external demand and domestic supply constraints continue to be a drag on growth. Shortfalls in exports and investments due to a possible protracted crisis in the euro area and internal supply constraints may underpin the moderation of growth. Investment targets of the medium term budget framework 2013 to 2017 face major obstacles in shortage of electricity and gas supplies, and poorly functioning roads and ports. One positive prospect on the investment front is the increase in foreign direct investment in FY12, which surpassed the US
    DOI: 10.1596/27068
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    FONDEN : Mexico's Natural Disaster Fund--A Review (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Public Sector Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: FONDEN (Natural Disasters Fund), Mexico's fund for natural disasters, was established in the late 1990s as a mechanism to support the rapid rehabilitation of federal and state infrastructure affected by adverse natural events. FONDEN was first created as a budget line in the Federal expenditure budget of 1996, and became operational in 1999. Funds from FONDEN could be used for the rehabilitation and reconstruction of: 1) public infrastructure at the three levels of government (federal, state, and municipal); 2) low-income housing; and 3) certain components of the natural environment. FONDEN consists of two complementary budget accounts, the FONDEN program for reconstruction and FOPREDEN program for prevention, and their respective financial accounts. The FONDEN program for reconstruction is FONDEN's primary budget account. It channels resources from the federal expenditure budget to specific reconstruction programs. The FOPREDEN program for prevention supports disaster prevention by funding activities related to risk assessment, risk reduction, and capacity building on disaster prevention. The FONDEN system is continuously evolving to integrate lessons learned over the course of years of experience
    DOI: 10.1596/26881
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    Toward an Equal Start : Closing the Early Learning Gap for Roma Children in Eastern Europe (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Early childhood development programs are particularly beneficial to children from disadvantaged backgrounds. Effective investments in this area have the potential to reduce inequalities perpetuated by poverty, poor nutrition, and restricted learning opportunities. This report explores the gaps in early education and care experienced by Roma children between the ages of 3 and 6 in Eastern Europe, and looks at measures to close those gaps. Many Roma children lack a strong early learning and care support mechanism at home. The vast majority of Roma children grow up in poverty and many regularly go hungry. Their parents have minimal levels of education. This creates multiple disadvantages from malnutrition to limited early learning stimulation. The report points to four main policy measures to increase pre-school enrollment and improve early learning at home: (1) better inform parents on the benefits of preschool for children's later life outcomes; (2) promote inclusive pre-schools by reaching out to parents and by involving them more directly in pre-school with the help of Roma teaching assistants; (3) remove cost barriers possibly coupled with regular attendance subsidies. In addition: (4) support parenting at home. These conclusions follow from the finding that the vast majority of Roma parents wish their children to complete secondary education, but that many also stated a desire to raise children at home in their early years when asked why they did not enroll their children in preschool. The report also calls for systematic piloting with variations of different programs, and implementing randomized impact evaluations. Findings from impact evaluations can build public support for scale-up of proven programs. Finally, the report points out that ensuring that poor Roma and non-Roma children alike receive an equal start in life by investing in early childhood development is essential to break the cycle of intergenerational poverty and is also smart economics
    DOI: 10.1596/27220
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    Market-Based Approaches to Managing Commodity Price Risk (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Though well-established in the commercial sector, the use of market-based price risk management is not widespread in the public sector, particularly by sovereigns. Recent volatility in energy and food prices, however, has awakened the interest of some governments to learn more about how they can either use these tools, or foster supportive environment where these tools can be used by local supply chain actors. Equally important is ensuring that non-price related risks are isolated, monitored, and managed independent of direct price exposure. This note reviews lessons learned from recent efforts to advance risk management strategies in countries vulnerable to food and energy price shocks. It focuses specifically on the use of market-based risk management approaches and use by sovereigns. For governments concerned about the risk of food price shocks, the fiscal impact is equally complicated as governments may be concerned about the impact of rising food prices on consumers, the need to finance, and potentially supply, subsidies or social safety nets for vulnerable populations or, in extreme cases, humanitarian operations. In both cases, the costs of budget uncertainty and the need to finance responses in the event of a shock can be significant. Finally, though not typically used to manage specific intra-annual or intra-seasonal price exposures, commodity-linked loans or bonds can also be used to manage exposure to price shocks on a more macro level
    DOI: 10.1596/27114
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    Boosting Jobs and Living Standards in G20 Countries (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Almost four years since the onset of the global financial and economic crisis, unemployment and underemployment remain stubbornly high in many G20 countries, and many workers remain trapped in low paid, often informal, jobs with little social protection. Job creation has been anemic in many countries, too slow to fully reabsorb the mass of unemployed and underemployed or, particularly in some emerging market economies, to keep pace with labour force growth and the pressures of rural-urban migration. This raises concerns about the long-term negative effects on human capital, growing inequality and lower future output growth. The political pressures are high, and the risk of a drift towards protectionist measures aimed at 'keeping jobs at home' cannot be ignored. While there is substantial variation in national contexts, G20 countries can help minimize these risks through collective and collaborative work aimed at identifying and implementing credible policy reforms that will boost job creation, employment and the quality of jobs. The report aims at providing a preliminary review of countries' experiences against the backdrop of an evolving economic outlook and could form the basis of a more in-depth analysis, should Ministers request it. Improving labour market outcomes involves several challenges relating to both the quantity and quality aspects of job creation. There is a need in all countries to harness growth to generate labour market opportunities that correspond to labour force growth
    DOI: 10.1596/27112
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    Incorporating Green Growth and Sustainable Development Policies into Structural Reform Agendas (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This report examines how green growth and sustainable development policies can be incorporated into structural reform agendas. Indeed, as demonstrated in the report, many of these policies are closely linked and synergistic with the framework policies applied by G20 governments in their efforts to pursue strong and sustainable growth. The report, has been prepared in response to the request from G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors in their communication of 25-26 February 2012 that asked the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), with the World Bank and the United Nation (UN), to prepare a report that provides options for G20 countries on inserting green growth and sustainable development policies into structural reform agendas, tailored to specific country conditions and level of development. The report will be an input to the G-20 leader's summit in Los Cabos and provides a toolkit of policy options from which countries may draw-upon when designing their own green growth strategies. The G20 development working group has also tasked the International Organizations with the development of a non-prescriptive toolkit of policy options to support inclusive green growth in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication in developing countries
    DOI: 10.1596/27111
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    Estimating Relative Benefits of Differing Strategies for Management of Wastewater in Lower Egypt Using Quantitative Microbial Risk Analysis (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Water Papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The report uses a theoretical model of a typical drainage basin, but the approach could be applied to many of the drainage basins managed by the holding company for water and wastewater in Egypt. This study set out to assess the relative health impacts of different wastewater management strategies on health in the Nile delta region using an approach similar to that used in the Ghana. The ultimate objective was to develop a framework for long-term investment planning based on monitoring of health and productivity impacts of proposed Bank operations which could be included in project Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) systems. This will equip task teams to assess the risks and opportunities which arise due to the proposed shift from on-site to networked sanitation in four governorates where the Bank has wastewater operations. A secondary objective was to assess the extent to which existing legislation supports health riskbased planning. The conclusions of the study provide an indication of how such methods could increasingly be used to enable the selection of cost-effective and appropriate wastewater management strategies
    DOI: 10.1596/26835
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    Bridging the Atlantic : Brazil and Sub-Saharan Africa, South-South Partnering for Growth (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Bridging the Atlantic is a descriptive study of Brazil's involvement with counterparts in Sub-Saharan Africa through knowledge exchange, trade, and investments. The objective of the study is to understand these relations better with the intent to forge concrete and mutually beneficial partnerships between Brazil and Sub-Saharan Africa. Brazil and Sub-Saharan Africa are natural partners, with at one point a shared geography and later a shared history. Since the turn of the twentieth century, Africa has become one of the major fronts of Brazil's international agenda. Africa is rapidly changing and Brazil has expressed growing interest in supporting and taking part in African development. The study includes a narrative of the shared history between Brazil and Africa, as well as a description of Brazilian foreign direct investment and trade with Africa. It ends with recommendations made by the World Bank to strengthen the cooperation between Brazil and Sub-Saharan Africa
    DOI: 10.1596/26788
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    Kazakhstan : Taking Advantage of Trade and Openness for Development (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Foreign Trade, Foreign Direct Investment, and Capital Flows Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This report is structured as follows. Chapter one analyzes the performance of Kazakhstan s trade. Chapter two presents an overview of recent developments in Kazakhstan regional and international trade integration. Chapter three examines in detail key issues related to market access, focusing on non-tariff measures and trade facilitation and logistics. Chapter four examines the services sector and offers a roadmap for actions to enhance its competitiveness. Chapter five addresses building institutional capacity for the trade and competitiveness agenda. The report s recommendations are summarized in the following table. In order of the four main messages of the report, they cover balancing regional and international integration efforts, measures to improve access to inputs and export markets by reducing non-tariff barriers and through trade facilitation measures, raising the quality and efficiency of the services sector, and strengthening institutional capacity to implement an effective trade policy and competitiveness agenda
    DOI: 10.1596/26850
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    Nutrition in Nepal : A National Development Priority (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Health Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Malnutrition results from different combinations of immediate, underlying, and basic determinants. Inadequate dietary intake and disease are the immediate determinants of undernutrition. Underlying the immediate causes of undernutrition are three areas: (1) food security, (2) health services and health environment, and (3) care for women and children. Education is also critical. At the base of the framework are a host of interrelated causes including resources, economic structure, political and ideological structure, and formal and informal institutions
    DOI: 10.1596/26866
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    ThaiFlood 2011 : Rapid Assessment for Resilient Recovery and Reconstruction Planning (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Risk and Vulnerability Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This report outlines these findings, including damage and loss estimates and social and economic impacts, and proposes strategies for resilient recovery and reconstruction planning. Heavy rain combined with multiple tropical storms throughout the extended rainy season played a large part in the extensive flooding. Flash floods were reported in several areas in the north in May, and tropical depression Haima arrived in June followed by Nock-Ten in July, the combination of which caused widespread flooding. Overall, the floods affected more than 13 million people and resulted in more than 680 deaths. The floods impacted heavily on the private sector, particularly manufacturing. Manufacturing makes up about 38.5 percent of Thailand's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and is one of the main drivers of Thailand's exports. The majority of manufacturers are located in five flood-affected provinces, namely Bangkok, Ayuthaya, Nakhon Sawan, Pathum Thani, and Samut Sakhon. Tourism, housing and the financial sector were also heavily affected. Though there was some damage to tourism infrastructure, the greatest impact came from losses in revenue from accommodation, transportation, shopping, food and beverages, entertainment and sightseeing. Recovery and reconstruction needs are estimated to be THB 1.5 trillion (USD 50 billion) over a five-year period
    DOI: 10.1596/26862
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    Kosovo : Gender Gaps in Education, Health, and Economic Opportunities (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Gender Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Kosovo is one of the poorest countries in Europe (World Bank 2010). In 2009, 35 percent of the population lived below the poverty line. This note was prepared primarily as a key input to the Kosovo country partnership strategy (FY2012 to FY2015) and aims to provide an overview of gender disparities in three major domains: human capital, labor market, and entrepreneurship. The note provides a broad picture of gender disparities in Kosovo in education, health, and access to economic opportunities. Lack of statistical data on Kosovo, and particularly of gender-disaggregated data, limits the depth and scope of this gender diagnostic. Men and women in Kosovo have lower education levels than men and women in the European Union (EU). Women comprise less than 10 percent of all entrepreneurs and 0.3 percent of top management positions. This note is organized as follows: section one highlights gender differences in human capital focusing on education and health outcomes; section two describes men's and women's relative employment patterns; section three focuses on gender disparities in entrepreneurship and career advancement in business and politics; and section four provides concluding observations
    DOI: 10.1596/26830
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    Taking Stock : An Update on Vietnam's Recent Economic Development (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The authorities' determined implementation of stabilization measures over the past year has helped to avert a macroeconomic crisis. If the deterioration of the macroeconomic environment in 2010-11 was rapid, the improvement in the situation in the past twelve months has been equally swift. Regaining macroeconomic stability has been costly, but not stabilizing the economy would have led to even bigger losses. Real gross domestic product (GDP) growth has decelerated from 6.8 percent in 2010 to 5.9 percent in 2011, and further to 4 percent in the first quarter of 2012 as higher prices has lowered domestic demand, affecting sectors such as construction, manufacturing and utilities. Industrial production has slowed, inventory for key industrial products has accumulated, and a number of small and medium enterprises have either closed, been liquidated or temporarily suspended their operations. While the stabilization efforts may have contributed to a cyclical slowdown, Vietnam's trend growth rate has been on a downward path for the last 5-6 years, largely on account of the slow pace of structural reforms. Inefficiencies in state-owned enterprises, banks and public investments have been a drag on the country's long-term growth potential. With gains from macroeconomic stabilization still recent and fragile, especially in an external environment that is fraught with uncertainty, the government needs to be careful not to shift to an expansionary stance prematurely
    DOI: 10.1596/26744
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    Raskin Subsidized Rice Delivery (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Public Expenditure Review
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The Beras untuk Rakyat Mi ...
    DOI: 10.1596/26694
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    Tanzania Economic Update, October 2012 : Spreading the Wings (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Tanzania continues to stand out as a model of sound economic performance in the African continent, with a growth rate of over six per cent in 2011 and 2012, surpassing other regional economies and demonstrating impressive resilience to the global economic crisis. This is the second issue of the Tanzania economic update series. The series aim to engage a broad audience in a discussion of the state of the economy in general, as well as in specific debates of topical importance in Tanzania. The current issue seeks to get the discussion going on how to achieve the structural transformation of the rural economy so that rural households can also benefit from the country's remarkable growth performance
    DOI: 10.1596/26849
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    Poverty Trends in Uganda : Who Gained and Who Was Left Behind? (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Uganda had one of the best poverty reduction performances in the world since 1992, a result of a subtle structural transformation of household livelihood portfolios, rooted in strong growth of private wage and salary employment and non-farm household enterprises, and increased agricultural productivity among agricultural households. But depth and character of growth was not the same across Uganda. This triggered rising inequality throughout the country (within and between rural and urban and all regions) resulted in many households in the North and the East being left behind while the center pulled away. The evolution of spatial inequality is tightly linked to spatial differences in public and private investments, particularly in education - a legacy of inadequate public investments and conflict in the lagging regions. Addressing this inequality in growth is Uganda's shared growth challenge
    DOI: 10.1596/26712
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    Indonesia Economic Quarterly, July 2012 : Rising to Present and Future Challenges (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Keywords: 2012 ; Wirtschaftslage ; Wirtschaftsindikator ; Wirtschaftsprognose ; Indonesien
    Abstract: The Indonesia economic qu ...
    DOI: 10.1596/26665
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    Madhya Pradesh Higher Education Reform Policy Options (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Education Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: In October 2010, the Government of Madhya Pradesh hosted, with World Bank technical advice, a Conference on higher education reform in the State. The Governor, the Chief Minister and the Minister of Higher Education all addressed the Conference and about 150 people attended the event. Subsequently, four regional Conclaves were organized, in which a total of more than 400 people participated, representing the leadership, administrators, faculty and students at universities and colleges across the State. This represents an impressive outreach to the sector stakeholders. This report is written on the cusp of the publication of the Government of India s 12th Five Year Plan. The indications are that the Government of India intends to push ahead with some significant reforms in the higher education sector. Of particular significance for this report is the emphasis, for the first time, on the need to support the improvement of State universities and colleges. The objective of this report is to provide policy makers in Madhya Pradesh with a menu of options for improving the equity, governance and financing of the higher education system in the State. Though the primary audience is policy makers, this report could serve as part of the continued dialogue with the higher education sector on the direction for reform
    DOI: 10.1596/26451
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    South Africa Economic Update, July 2012 : Focus on Inequality of Opportunity (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Section one provides an economic update and assesses the challenges and near-term prospects facing the South African economy. In particular, it looks at the implications for South Africa of the resurgence of uncertainty in global financial markets, the surge in capital flows to safe-haven assets, the continuing Euro zone crisis, and signs of slowdown in some of the large emerging market economies. Section two focuses on inequality of opportunity in South Africa. For the first time, using innovative techniques, this section presents an analysis of the interlinked inequality of opportunities for children and for access to employment. Every society has a degree of inequality of outcomes that reflects differences in innate human capabilities, effort, education, experience, and skills. But a recognized goal for public policy is to ensure at least the equality of opportunity for every individual in a country. Many countries have used this new approach to develop targeted policies to promote such equality of opportunity and to monitor and evaluate the success of public programs
    DOI: 10.1596/26076
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    Middle East and North Africa Economic Developments and Prospects, October 2012 : Looking Ahead After a Year in Transition (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p)
    Series Statement: Middle East and North Africa Economic Monitor
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: The post-revolutionary economies of MENA - Egypt, Tunisia, Libya and Yemen - have been recovering after a period of growth decelerations in 2011. In Egypt and Tunisia, the growth dips of 2011 were less dramatic than the declines observed during previous transitions. The recovery has been relatively quick but the transition process is far from complete and uncertainty about the political and reform process remains a binding constraint to private investment. Consequently, post-transition growth is below potential and is lower than growth prior to the Arab Spring, with negative consequences for employment and poverty. Events in the post-revolution economies have affected other countries in MENA. Macroeconomic fundamentals weakened in most developing MENA countries in 2011-12 as growth slowed and governments responded to social pressures with expansionary fiscal policies. The regional growth outlook for 2013 reflects weaker expected global economic activity, especially in the EU, and moderating oil prices. Regional economic growth is expected to decelerate to 3.5% in 2013 from 5.5% in 2012. Prolonged political and policy uncertainty and social unrest are serious downside risks to the outlook
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9807-4
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    Nepal's investment climate : leveraging the private sector for job creation and growth (2012)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9780821394656 , 9780821394663
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (p. cm)
    Edition: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 330.95496
    Keywords: Investments, Foreign ; Labor market ; Investments, Foreign ; Labor market ; Investments, Foreign ; Labor market ; Nepal ; Nepal ; Nepal Economic conditions ; Nepal Economic policy ; Nepal Economic conditions ; Nepal Economic policy
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9465-6
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    Toward gender equality in East Asia and the Pacific (2012)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9780821396230 , 9780821396261
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (p. cm)
    Edition: 2012 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: World Bank East Asia and Pacific regional report
    Uniform Title: World development report.
    DDC: 323.3/4095
    Keywords: Sex discrimination against women ; Sex discrimination against women ; Women in development ; Women in development ; Women's rights ; Women's rights ; Sex discrimination against women ; Sex discrimination against women ; Women in development ; Women in development ; Women's rights ; Women's rights ; Sex discrimination against women ; Sex discrimination against women ; Women in development ; Women in development ; Women's rights ; Women's rights
    Abstract: "Examines the relationship between gender equality and development and outlines an agenda for public action to promote more effective and inclusive development in East Asian and Pacific countries. Written as a companion to the World Development Report 2012 on gender equality and development, the report finds that promoting gender equality contributes to higher productivity, income growth, and poverty reduction; improves the opportunities and outcomes for the next generation; and enhances the quality of development policymaking. It contributes to the understanding of gender and development policymaking in several important ways. First, the report presents new data and evidence that significantly strengthen the empirical basis for policymaking on gender and development in the region. Second, the report provides new analysis of the gender dimensions and policy implications of several global trends that are particularly important in the region, including increasing economic integration, rapid adoption of new information and communication technologies, rising domestic and international migration flows, rapid urbanization, and population aging"--Provided by publisher
    Description / Table of Contents: The state of gender equality in East Asia and the PacificGender and endowments : access to human capital and productive assets -- Gender and economic opportunity -- Agency : strength of voice and influence -- Gender and the region's emerging development challenges -- Promoting gender equality in East Asia and the Pacific : directions for policy.
    Note: "A companion to the World development report , Includes bibliographical references
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9623-0
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    Rethinking the role of the state in finance (2012)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821395033 , 9780821395035
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xx, 194 p) , col. ill , 27 cm
    Edition: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Global financial development report 2013
    Keywords: Banks and banking Government policy ; Economic policy ; Finance Government policy ; Institutional economics ; State, The ; Banks and banking Government policy ; Economic policy ; Finance Government policy ; Institutional economics ; State, The
    Abstract: Global Financial Development Report 2013 is the first in a new World Bank series. It provides a unique contribution to financial sector policy debates, building on novel data, surveys, research, and wide-ranging country experience, with emphasis on emerging-market and developing economies. The global financial crisis has challenged conventional thinking on financial sector policies. Launched on the fourth anniversary of the Lehman Brothers collapse-a turning point in the crisis-this volume re-examines a basic question: what is the proper role of the state in financial development? To address the question, this report synthesizes new and existing evidence on the state's performance as financial sector regulator, overseer, promoter, and owner. It calls on state agencies to provide strong regulation and supervision and ensure healthy competition in the sector, and to support financial infrastructure, such as the quality and availability of credit information. It also warns that direct interventions-such as lending by state-owned banks, used in many countries to counteract the crisis-may end up being harmful. The report also tracks financial systems in more than 200 economies before and during the global financial crisis
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 175-194)
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9503-5
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    The status of the education sector in Sudan (2012)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9780821388570 , 9780821388679
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (p. cm)
    Edition: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 370.9624
    Keywords: Education Evaluation ; Education Evaluation ; Education
    Note: "His report was prepared by the World Bank and the Government of National Unity (GoNU) of the Republic of Sudan"--T.p. verso , Includes bibliographical references
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-8857-0
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    Streamlining non-tariff measures : a toolkit for policymakers (2012)
    Washington DC : World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9780821395103 , 9780821395110
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (p. cm)
    Edition: 2012 World Bank eLibrary
    DDC: 382/.5
    Keywords: Nichttarifäre Handelshemmnisse ; Außenwirtschaftspolitik ; Commercial policy ; Foreign trade regulation ; Non-tariff trade barriers ; Commercial policy ; Foreign trade regulation ; Non-tariff trade barriers ; Commercial policy ; Foreign trade regulation ; Non-tariff trade barriers
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9510-3
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    Assessment of the private health sector in the Republic of Congo (2012)
    Washington, DC : World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821397052 , 0821397079 , 9780821397053 , 9780821397077
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xx, 109 p) , ill
    Edition: 2012 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Investment climate in health series
    Uniform Title: Étude sur le secteur privé de la santé en République du Congo. 〈engl.〉
    Keywords: Medical care Needs assessment ; Medical care ; Medical policy ; Medical care Needs assessment ; Medical care ; Medical policy ; Health Care Sector ; Private Sector ; Medical care ; Medical care ; Medical policy ; Health Care Sector ; Private Sector
    Abstract: This country assessment is part of a set of studies planned in order to provide a better understanding of how to improve the business environment in which the private sector operates in Congo and other African countries. The assessment was conducted in order to establish a baseline of information, to help with political decision-making and provide market information. The private health sector assessment in the Republic of Congo provides a diagnosis of the nature and the effectiveness of the interface between the public and private sectors, establishes a dialogue on policy with stakeholders, and makes recommendations for reform that would bolster public and private involvement. The methodology is based on a supply and demand approach to identify market, policy and institutional barriers, and options for reducing these barriers by changing policies and initiatives. The information pertaining to demand reveals how users perceive private providers and their potential. The information pertaining to supply gives a better understanding of the role that private providers play and the challenges they encounter. The institutional information shows how Congo's institutions have facilitated or hampered the private participation. The study methodology includes the following aspects: (i) presentation of the general context of the private health sector in Congo, (ii) multidimensional analysis of demand, (iii) multidimensional analysis of supply, and (iv) analysis of institutional context. Options for action presented in this report include (i) policy and governance initiatives, (ii) regulatory initiatives, (iii) incentive initiatives, and (iv) concrete measures for public-private partnerships (PPP) in the health sector
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9705-3
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  • 76
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    Economics of uniqueness : investing in historic city cores and cultural heritage assets for sustainable development (2012)
    Washington, DC : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9780821396506 , 9780821397060
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (p. cm)
    Edition: 2012 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: The urban development series
    DDC: 307.3/416
    Keywords: City planning ; Cultural property Economic aspects ; Historic sites Economic aspects ; Urban economics ; Urban renewal ; City planning ; Cultural property Economic aspects ; Historic sites Economic aspects ; Urban economics ; Urban renewal ; City planning ; Cultural property ; Historic sites ; Urban economics ; Economic aspects ; Economic aspects ; Urban renewal
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9650-6
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  • 77
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    The global HIV epidemics among sex workers (2012)
    Washington, DC : World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9780821397749 , 9780821397756
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (p) , cm
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Directions in development
    DDC: 614.5/99392
    Keywords: HIV Infections epidemiology ; HIV Infections Statistics prevention & control ; Human Rights Statistics ; Sex Workers Statistics ; World Health Statistics ; HIV Infections ; HIV Infections ; Human Rights ; Sex Workers ; World Health
    Description / Table of Contents: Review of the epidemiology of HIV among sex workersCountry case studies on sex work and HIV prevention -- HIV prevention interventions for sex workers : modeling the impacts -- Cost-effectiveness analyses -- Modeling violence and HIV among sex workers -- Sex worker leadership in responding to HIV and promoting human rights.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9774-9
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  • 78
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    International Debt Statistics 2013 (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9780821397886
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (324 p)
    Edition: 2015 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Global Development Finance
    Abstract: International Debt Statistics (IDS) 2013 is a continuation of the World Bank’s publications Global Development Finance, Volume II (1997 through 2009) and the earlier World Debt Tables (1973 through 1996). IDS 2013 provides statistical tables showing the external debt of 128 developing countries that report public and publicly guaranteed external debt to the World Bank’s Debtor Reporting System (DRS). It also includes tables of key debt ratios for individual reporting countries and the composition of external debt stocks and flows for individual reporting countries and regional and income groups along with some graphical presentations. IDS 2013 draws on a database maintained by the World Bank External Debt (WBXD) system. Longer time series and more detailed data are available from the World Bank open databases, which contain more than 200 time series indicators, covering the years 1970 to 2011 for most reporting countries, and pipeline data for scheduled debt service payments on existing commitments to 2019. International Debt Statistics 2013 is unique in its coverage of the important trends and issues fundamental to the financing of the developing world. This report is an indispensible resource for governments, economists, investors, financial consultants, academics, bankers, and the entire development community. In addition, International Debt Statistics will showcase the broader spectrum of debt data collected and compiled by the World Bank. These include the high frequency, quarterly external debt database (QEDS) and the quarterly public sector database (QPSD) developed in partnership with the International Monetary Fund and launched by the World Bank
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9787-9
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  • 79
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    Doing business 2013 : smarter regulations for small and medium-size enterprises (2012)
    Washington, D. C : World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 0821396153 , 9780821396155
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (vi, 270 p) , ill, col. charts , 28 cm
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Doing business 2013
    Keywords: Business enterprises Government policy ; Commercial law ; Comparative economics ; Industrial management ; Trade regulation ; Trade regulation Law and legislation ; Business enterprises Government policy ; Commercial law ; Comparative economics ; Industrial management ; Trade regulation ; Trade regulation Law and legislation
    Abstract: Tenth in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 185 economies, Doing Business 2013 measures regulations affecting 11 areas of everyday business activity: starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, closing a business, and employing workers. The report updates all indicators as of June 1, 2012, ranks economies on their overall "ease of doing business", and analyzes reforms to business regulation -- identifying which economies are strengthening their business environment the most. The Doing Business reports illustrate how reforms in business regulations are being used to analyze economic outcomes for domestic entrepreneurs and for the wider economy. This year marks the tenth anniversary of the global Doing Business report. Doing Business is a flagship product by the World Bank and IFC that garners worldwide attention on regulatory barriers to entrepreneurship. More than 60 economies use the Doing Business indicators to shape reform agendas and monitor improvements on the ground. In addition, the Doing Business data has generated over 870 articles in peer-reviewed academic journals since its inception. This year's report includes two new economies: Barbados and Malta
    Note: Cover: 'Comparing business regulations for domestic firms in 185 countries, 10th edition
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9615-5
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  • 80
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    Regional economic integration in the Middle East and North Africa : beyond trade reform (2012)
    Washington, DC : World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9780821397268 , 9780821397299
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (p. cm)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Series Statement: Directions in development
    DDC: 337.1/56
    Keywords: Africa, North ; Africa, North ; Africa, North ; Middle East ; Middle East ; Middle East ; Africa, North Commercial policy ; Africa, North Economic integration ; Africa, North Foreign economic relations ; Middle East Commercial policy ; Middle East Economic integration ; Middle East Foreign economic relations ; Africa, North Commercial policy ; Africa, North Economic integration ; Africa, North Foreign economic relations ; Middle East Commercial policy ; Middle East Economic integration ; Middle East Foreign economic relations
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
    DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9726-8
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  • 81
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    Malaysia Economic Monitor, November 2012 : Unlocking Women's Potential (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The Malaysian economy maintained a vigorous pace in the first nine months of 2012 despite external headwinds. Continuing a trend in the past two years, Malaysia's stronger-than-expected Gross Domestic Product, or GDP growth in the first nine months of 2012 was driven by rapid expansion of domestic demand while external demand (and export-oriented industries) stagnated due to continuing global uncertainty. Malaysia's low participation of women in labor markets is linked to a pattern whereby women do not return to work after marriage and childbearing. Education alone is not sufficient to close gender gaps as social norms and formal institutions continue to affect the choices of all women. In the long-term, norms need to evolve for gender gaps to be bridged; in the meantime measures can be put in place to help men and women balance responsibilities. Changing prevailing social norms takes time. In the medium-term, supportive measures at all stages of the life-cycle can be put in place, ranging from flexi-work arrangements and expanded childcare options, to incentives for more female participation in 'non-female' educational fields and job types. While current initiatives to leverage on women's talent are laudable, other policy options must be explored, evaluated, and tailored, to enable Malaysian women to fully contribute to Malaysia's transformation towards a high-income, inclusive and sustainable economy
    DOI: 10.1596/27228
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  • 82
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    Disaster Risk Management in Latin America and the Caribbean Region : GFDRR Country Notes (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Risk and Vulnerability Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Latin America and the Caribbean Region (LCR) is exposed to a wide variety of natural hazards including earthquakes, volcanoes, storms, extreme temperatures, droughts, floods, landslides, etc., many of which are regularly aggravated by the recurrent El Nino and ENSO phenomenon. The global trend toward increasing climate variability is likely to exacerbate many of these hazards. The World Bank Natural Disaster Hotspots study (Dilley et al. 2005) indicates that seven among the world's top 15 countries exposed to three or more hazards are located in LCR.Similarly, 15 among the world's top 60 countries exposed to two or more hazards are LCR countries. The Latin American and Caribbean governments have long recognized the need to address disaster risk, and their efforts 'to develop the tools to effectively mainstream disaster risk management into development activities' (ibid., p. 1) have evolved over the last few decades. Since the mid-20th century, most of the countries in the region were working to address disasters through their respective civil protection agencies. Just like elsewhere in the world, efforts focused on ex-post response and recovery needs. While these efforts are undeniably important, they are increasingly proving to be insufficient. Over the last decade, governments, intergovernmental, non-governmental, and development organizations have gradually shifted the focus of their efforts towards ex-ante approaches to disaster risk management, with a special focus on disaster risk reduction via reducing vulnerability, capacity building, better information, and institutional strengthening
    DOI: 10.1596/27336
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  • 83
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    Innovative Solutions for Business Entry Reforms : A Global Analysis (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This report shows how business registers employ information and communication technology (ICT) to perform their functions more efficiently while at the same time providing businesses with more user-friendly services. Particular attention is paid to achieving innovative solutions, that is, solutions using ICT as a catalyst for re-engineering the registration process to improve users experiences and to provide useful services and high-quality information for both the private and the public sectors. In addition, this analysis demonstrates that business registers play an increasingly important part in e-Government solutions. Aimed at integrating services, e-Government solutions build on information sharing. This underscores the importance of business registers as master data sources. This analysis is based on data from the following sources: a 2011 survey of 41 business registers conducted by the Bronnoysund register centre in cooperation with the World Bank Group; case studies undertaken in 2011 in the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Italy, Vietnam, and Norway; the 2011 World Bank and International Finance Corporation (IFC) doing business report; the 2011 World Bank Group study of ICT solutions in 34 company registers; the 2011 European commerce registers forum report; and the International Council On Archives (CIA) factbook
    DOI: 10.1596/27096
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  • 84
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    Mongolia Quarterly Economic Update, February 2012 (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth accelerated to an unprecedented 17.3 percent in 2011 from 6.4 percent in 2010 and the unemployment rate fell from 13 percent in 2010 to 9 percent in 2011. However, real wages for unskilled workers in the urban informal sector are starting to fall as the inflation rate reached 11.1 percent year-on-year in December. Sharply rising government spending is the root cause of overheating: government spending rose by 56 percent in 2011 and is budgeted to rise by a further 32 percent this year, fueled by sharply rising resource revenues. This pro-cyclical fiscal policy could result in another 'boom-and-bust' cycle Mongolia experienced before, particularly as the global economy could face a substantial slowdown in growth due to the continuing European sovereign debt crisis, and which could result in a sharp drop in mineral prices and subsequently government revenues There have been major legislative developments in 2011 and early 2012 aimed at strengthening policy institutions and frameworks. The Integrated Budget Law (IBL) was passed in December 2011: this organic budget law contains measures to support fiscal sustainability and the successful implementation of the Fiscal Stability Law. It also strengthens the public investment framework by requiring feasibility studies and alignment with national priorities for projects to be included in the Public Investment Program and the budget. The Social Welfare Law was passed in early January. This mandates the provision of a targeted poverty benefit replacing the existing system of universal cash transfers. To ensure macroeconomic stability and to prevent a hard landing for the economy in case of an adverse external shock, Mongolia needs to adhere strictly to prudent fiscal policies as set out in the FSL and IBL and tightening both fiscal and monetary policy to reduce inflation, take macro-prudential action to reduce systemic risks in the banking sector and maintain a flexible exchange rate that will act as the first buffer in any external shock materializes. These are uncertain times for Mongolia. The economy faces growing headwinds from the global economic environment, while the looming elections increase domestic uncertainty. Until a substantial amount of savings has accumulated in the stabilization fund, Mongolia remains strongly exposed to volatility in commodity prices
    DOI: 10.1596/27240
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    Indonesia Economic Quarterly, April 2012 : Redirecting Spending (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The Indonesia economic quarterly reports on and synthesizes the past three months' key developments in Indonesia's economy. It places them in a longer-term and global context, and assesses the implications of these developments and other changes in policy for the outlook for Indonesia's economic and social welfare. Its coverage ranges from the macroeconomy to financial markets to indicators of human welfare and development. It is intended for a wide audience, including policy makers, business leaders, financial market participants, and the community of analysts and professionals engaged in Indonesia's evolving economy. International developments continue to shape Indonesia's near-term economic outlook, but the focus of attention has shifted. In late 2011 the primary concern was the deteriorating and uncertain outlook for the global economy and financial markets. Since then there has been further evidence of the slowdown in global economic momentum but also some positive signs, such as from the US, and international financial market conditions have improved. The recent sharp rise in global oil prices has added a new dimension to the situation. In particular, it has increased the projected cost of Indonesia's fuel subsidies. With the benefits of these subsidies mainly going to the wealthier segments of the population, there is a clear need to redirect this spending to more pressing development needs
    DOI: 10.1596/27084
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  • 86
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    Health Equity and Financial Protection in Zambia (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Health Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This report analyzes equity and financial protection in the health sector of Zambia. In particular, it examines inequalities in health outcomes, health behavior and health care utilization; benefit incidence analysis; financial protection; and the progressivity of health care financing. Data are drawn from the 2007 Zambia demographic and health survey, the 2006 Zambia living conditions monitoring survey, the 2003 Zambia world health survey and the 2003 Zambia national health accounts. All analyses are conducted using original survey data and employ the health modules of the ADePT software. Overall, health care financing in Zambia in 2006 was fairly progressive, i.e. the better-off spent a larger fraction of their consumption on health care than the poor. The financing sources that contribute to the overall progressivity of health care finance are general taxation, which finances 42 per cent of domestic spending on health, and contributions made by private employers, which finance 9 per cent of spending. An additional contribution to overall progressivity is made through pre-payment mechanisms, but this remains fairly limited given that they only represent 1 per cent of total health finance. Out-of-pocket health payments, which account for 47 per cent of total health financing, appear to be proportional to income, with only slight and not statistically significant evidence of progressivity
    DOI: 10.1596/27169
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  • 87
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    Lebanon Economic Monitoring Note, September 2012 (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The stalemate between domestic political forces continues to impede reforms while the ongoing Syrian conflict is imposing a security, political, and economic toll on Lebanon. The stalemate in the executive and legislative branches of government remains an impediment to reforms. Important bills, regulations and appointments are still pending in cabinet and Parliament. This deadlock could well last until the June 2013 Parliamentary elections. The Syrian crisis is fueling political divide among sectarian lines in Lebanon, leading to sporadic violence incidents across the country. These incidents have materially impacted the economy, with sectors such as tourism strongly affected. Politically, the turmoil has sparked social unrest and overshadowed the reform drive. To tackle the situation, the government devised a minimum political understanding to restore order in the country. Political backing for a large security operation has also been given; results have yet to fully materialize. The fiscal deficit and public debt positions remain major challenges for the Lebanese economy. The fiscal deficit deteriorated somewhat during the first half of the year. Notwithstanding this slight widening of the fiscal balance, public debt continues its recent downward trend. Rising international commodity prices and the Syrian crisis are adding further pressure on both trade and current account deficits
    DOI: 10.1596/27076
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  • 88
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    The Republic of Armenia Climate Change and Agriculture Country Note (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Environmental Analysis
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: This country note for Armenia is part of a series of country briefs that summarize information relevant to climate change and agriculture for three pilot countries in the Southern Caucasus Region, with a particular focus on climate and crop projections, adaptation options, policy development and institutional involvement. The note series has been developed to provide a baseline of knowledge on climate change and agriculture for the countries participating in the regional program on reducing vulnerability to climate change in Southern Caucasus Agricultural systems. This note for Armenia was shared with the government and other agricultural sector stakeholders and used as an engagement tool for a national awareness raising and consultation workshop, held in Yerevan in April 2012. Feedback and comments on the note from this consultation process have been incorporated into this updated version in collaboration with the Armenian Ministry of Agriculture
    DOI: 10.1596/27435
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  • 89
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    Improving the Assessment of Disaster Risks to Strengthen Financial Resilience : A Special Joint G20 Publication by the Government of Mexico and the World Bank (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Rising losses from adverse natural events are compelling leaders of countries to develop more proactive approaches to risk management. In 2011 the world witnessed record losses from disasters caused by natural hazards with estimated costs of up to US
    DOI: 10.1596/26784
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  • 90
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    Assessing the Investment Climate for Climate Investments : A Comparative Clean Energy Framework for South Asia in a Global Context (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Mitigating climate change while addressing development needs will involve a massive scale-up of investments in Renewable Energy (RE) and Energy Efficiency (EE). Most of these climate investments will come from the private sector, which will be the main driver of low-carbon growth in both developing and developed countries, provided that countries have the right investment climate for climate investment. The enabling environment for climate investment in each country depends on a variety of factors. These include macroeconomic determinants such as a functioning bureaucracy and banking system; as well as a narrower set of policy determinants such as renewable energy targets, mandatory standards, preferential power tariffs, waiver of import duties, and other fiscal incentives. While the exact mix of policies, regulations and incentives will depend on country-specific circumstances, the fact that they exist sends the right signal to climate investors, by providing them with legal certainty and lowering their costs and risks. Policies, regulations and incentives also help to level the playing field for climate investors in the face of market realities that tend to favor the continued use of carbon intense energy sources, such as support for fossil fuels and the high costs of renewable energy technologies
    DOI: 10.1596/26739
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  • 91
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    Urban Mass Transport Infrastructure in Medium and Large Cities in Developing Countries (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Developed at the request of the Mexican G20 Presidency for consideration by the Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors at the G20 Leaders' Summit in Mexico, and jointly prepared with the Asian Development Bank, this policy paper positioned green transport in the context of cities development. Urban transport determines the shape of a city and its ecological footprint. Many cities in low and middle income countries are at a crossroads. Policy decisions taken now, while car use is still relatively low and cities retain a relatively transit friendly, compact urban form, will affect how people will live in their cities for many decades into the future. A new paradigm of urban transport can be part of the solution to reversing the deteriorating situation in some cities of developing countries, and supporting others to embark on a sustainable, low carbon, green growth path: developing a city for people rather than cars, and including public and mass transport as a major component of the modal structure. Implementing such a new paradigm can be truly transformational. This joint World Bank and Asian Development Bank paper lays out six aspects, which are most difficult to align, yet, are critical to ensure the sustainability of urban transport systems, visionary leadership, integrated strategy for land use and urban transport, coordination among agencies, domestic capacity, adequate cost recovery, and private participation in the operation and construction of urban transport systems. The paper proposes a set of new initiatives for G20 leaders' consideration, including the development of an umbrella toolkit to guide policy makers in charge of urban planning to make transport decisions best suited to their local contexts
    DOI: 10.1596/26743
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    Chinese FDI in Ethiopia : A World Bank Survey (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Foreign Trade, Foreign Direct Investment, and Capital Flows Study
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Chinese Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) into Africa is on the rise and Ethiopia is at the forefront of this trend. On request of the Government, the World Bank surveyed 69 Chinese enterprises doing business in Ethiopia with a 95-question survey in May/June 2012. The survey covered various aspects of the foreign direct investment climate in Ethiopia, including infrastructure, sales and supplies, land, crime, competition, finance, human resources, and questions about general opportunities and constraints for doing business in Ethiopia. This report summarizes the results of survey and provides policy suggestions in light of the analysis; the report also provides some broader background of the expected benefits of FDI into Ethiopia as well as current policies and approaches to promote incoming investment. Addressing identified obstacles could help Ethiopia to take better advantage of foreign investors in order to accelerate the shift from a predominantly low-productivity agriculture-based economy towards a higher-productivity manufacturing and export-based economy. Experiences in successful countries around the world, and especially East Asia show that foreign investment is instrumental to facilitate such a structural transformation and to maintain sustained and broad-based economic development. This study recommends five main areas for policy adjustments to facilitate foreign investors coming into Ethiopia: adjust customs clearance procedures and trade regulations; facilitate currency convertibility and increase transparency of the exchange rate policy; improve tax administration consistency and efficacy; execute impartial labor regulation; and increase the supply and quality of skilled workers
    DOI: 10.1596/26772
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    Philippine Quarterly Update : Investing in Inclusive Growth amid Global Uncertainty (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: The Philippine quarterly update provides an update on key economic and social developments, and policies over the past three months. Despite heightened global economic uncertainty, the Philippine economy grew by 6.4 percent in the first quarter of 2012, a solid recovery from the relatively low 3.9 percent outturn for 2011. Higher growth was driven by a recovery in net exports and government spending, and robust private consumption. However, the ongoing European debt crisis and the slowdown in China pose significant downside risks to growth. The main channels of contagion to the Philippines are direct exports and remittance linkages to Europe, and indirect impact through regional production networks centered on China. The challenge for policymakers is to cushion the economy from potential external shocks, while ensuring that the Philippines invest in inclusive growth. Political commitment and strong macroeconomic fundamentals provide a window of opportunity for investing in inclusive growth by accelerating the implementation of reforms that improve the business environment for firms of all sizes, and boosting public investment in key infrastructure. Faster human capital accumulation will enhance productivity and drive growth in the medium term by enabling the country to shift gears towards higher value-added activities and more innovation
    DOI: 10.1596/26746
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 94
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    Russian Economic Report, No. 28, Autumn 2012 : Reinvigorating the Economy (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Early in the year, as the global economy was slowing and the euro area entered a recession, Russia's economy held steady. But now, as 2012 is entering its final quarter, growth is slowing. Just at a time when Russia's output levels have exceeded the pre-crisis peak, the economy is settling onto a lower trajectory, even though oil prices have stayed high. But let us start with the strong points. The economy had a good first half of the year. While growth was stalling in Europe and slowing in other emerging economies, it remained steady in Russia. Key economic indicators were near or at record levels: the current account surplus stayed high and the Central Bank of Russia added to its reserves, helping to bolster market confidence. Capital outflows, long regarded as one of the soft spots of Russia's economy, declined in the second and third quarters of 2012 from the peaks in the previous two quarters. Whereas many countries in Europe are struggling with large public debt and high fiscal deficits, Russia's federal government public debt is close to single digit and the fiscal balance is in surplus. Inflation and unemployment rates declined to their lowest level in two decades. As people's purchasing power improved and more people had jobs, fewer people were in poverty than at any time since the beginning of the economic transition. A challenging external environment and worsening sentiments among businesses and consumers translate into weak growth prospects. Excluding the crisis years of 1998 and 2009, growth in 2012 is set to decline to its lowest rate in a decade and a half. And 2013 is unlikely to look much better. The weak outlook means that strong, three-pronged policy action is essential to reinvigorate the economy. First, economic policies have to ensure stability. The recent tightening in monetary policy was an important step in this direction. Second, Russia has to build buffers against the external volatility. This means replenishing the reserve fund, moving towards inflation targeting and strengthening banking supervision. Finally, the government has to lift the growth potential of the economy. This means raising productivity and competitiveness, diversifying the economy, and improving transport connectivity, as discussed in the last section of this report, in line with its longer-term economic policy goals. Making headway on this agenda will enable Russia to lift growth above 4 percent and more
    DOI: 10.1596/26689
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  • 95
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    Tajikistan Economic Report, 2012 : Sustaining Post-Crisis Recovery, Investment and Growth (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Tajikistan is one of the world's most remittance-dependent economies, receiving net remittance inflows equivalent to approximately 40 percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Falling remittance inflows was one of the main transmission channels through which the 2008-09 global economic crisis adversely impacted the economy. Conversely, the pickup in growth since 2009 can also be traced to the rebound in remittance inflows (primarily from Russia, where more than 90 percent of Tajik migrants work), which reached 42 percent of GDP in 2010 and an estimated 40 percent of GDP in 2011. As the World Bank's 2011 country economic memorandum has argued, future growth in Tajikistan will depend crucially on increasing efficiency and raising private investment rates. Remittances are likely to grow more slowly than the earlier trend over the last 5-6 years, but could nonetheless be a major contributor to future growth if more go into private investment than in the past
    DOI: 10.1596/26770
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  • 96
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    JSLU, JSPACA, PKSA : Cash and In-Kind Transfers for At-Risk Youth, the Disabled, and Vulnerable Elderly (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Public Expenditure Review
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Direct cash transfers for ...
    DOI: 10.1596/26693
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 97
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    Rwanda Economic Update, July 2012 : Leveraging Regional Integration (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Rwanda grew at a rapid rate in the second half of 2011, exceeding 10 percent for the first time, since the 2009 global economic downturn. Overall, Rwanda achieved 8.6 percent growth in 2011, and substantially exceeded the average growth for Sub- Saharan Africa (SSA) of 5.0 percent. Rwanda also grew fastest than all the countries in the East African Community (EAC), which as a group reached 6.1 percent in 2011. Robust growth continued in the first quarter of 2012, when Rwanda's economy expanded at 7.7 percent. Renewed concerns over the global growth outlook and of the European debt crisis, might negatively affect Rwanda's prospects in 2012/2013, and lead to a lower growth turn-out compared to 2011. First quarter growth in 2012 remained overall robust, but showed considerable weakness in the industry sector. This was in contrast to what was observed in the second half of 2011, when industrial growth led by buoyant construction, and mining activities pushed the sector to the top, ahead of services. In the second half of 2011, Rwanda's growth momentum accelerated largely led by thriving non-tradable goods and services sectors while the manufacturing sector continued to be sluggish. The Rwandan economy expanded by 10.8 percent during the second half of 2011, but manufacturing only contributed 0.5 percentage points to this growth outcome. Agricultural output took a leap in the second half, mainly due to a very good second harvest season outcome. Overall, growth turn-out for 2011 stood at 8.6 percent, up from 7.2 percent in 2010. Inflationary pressures reappeared in tandem with high international food and fuel prices. The small policy response came with a delay, not enough to prevent core inflation reaching its highest level since mid-2009. Core inflation exceeded headline inflation for the whole second half of 2011. The current account deficit broadened in 2011. Rwanda's export performed robustly, benefiting from high international prices, but could not keep up with the increasing import bill, leading to a further deterioration in the trade balance. For 2012, Rwanda's economy is expected to continue to grow slower than it did in 2011, but at a healthy pace. The industrial sector is likely to expand less than in 2011 and growth in the services sector is expected to be more moderate, both on account of a more risky global environment
    DOI: 10.1596/26691
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  • 98
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    Bantuan Siswa Miskin : Cash Transfers for Poor Students (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Public Expenditure Review
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: Primary enrollment rates ...
    DOI: 10.1596/26695
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 99
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    Kenya Economic Update, June 2012 : Walking on a Tightrope--Rebalancing Kenya's Economy with a Special Focus on Regional Integration (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Abstract: In 2012, Kenya's economy has been on a tightrope. Policy makers have had to walk a fine line between stabilizing the economy and maintaining the growth momentum. While inflation has declined, the exchange rate stabilized, and the fiscal position improved, fundamental economic imbalances continue to make Kenya vulnerable to shocks. In the absence of economic and social turbulence, Kenya should grow at 5 percent in 2012 and 2013, which will still be substantially below its neighbors. Kenya has been benefitting from the integration and growth momentum in the East African Community (EAC), which has become one of the most vibrant economic regions in the world. However, despite impressive increases in trade between the five EAC partners in recent years, there is still a large untapped potential. EAC trade can increase several-fold if unnecessary restrictions in the trade of goods and services particularly nontariff barriers were removed
    DOI: 10.1596/26666
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  • 100
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    Indonesia Economic Quarterly, October 2012 : Maintaining Resilience (2012)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Keywords: 2012 ; Wirtschaftslage ; Wirtschaftsindikator ; Wirtschaftsprognose ; Indonesien
    Abstract: The Indonesia economic quarterly reports on and synthesizes the past three months' key developments in Indonesia's economy. It places them in a longer-term and global context, and assesses the implications of these developments and other changes in policy for the outlook for Indonesia's economic and social welfare. Indonesia's economic growth has so far remained resilient to the weakness in the global economy. Amidst a still uncertain outlook, Indonesia will need to prepare itself for the potential consequences of China's slowdown and additional falls in commodity prices, and for the possibility of renewed turbulence in financial and commodity markets. Continuing to strengthen the policy framework to deal with shocks and building economic resilience through improvements in the quality of spending and in the regulatory environment will be key to maintaining, and improving further, Indonesia's strong recent growth performance. Progress towards these goals could be tested as the 2014 election year approaches. Indonesia's economy maintained its robust pace of growth in the second quarter of 2012, expanding by 6.4 percent year-on-year, up slightly from 6.3 percent in the first quarter. Buoyant private consumption continued to lift domestic demand, and investment spending also increased strongly. Despite the rapid pace of economic activity, consumer price inflation has remained moderate to date. Headline CPI inflation fell back to 4.3 percent year-on-year in September after edging up to 4.6 percent in August, when it was pulled higher temporarily by the Idul Fitri holidays. Core inflation has remained stable, just above 4 percent. Indonesia's current account moved further into deficit in the second quarter of 2012. Structurally, the trend towards current account deficits reflects consistently strong domestic investment relative to the level of domestic savings. The slowdown in exports over 2012, alongside generally strong import demand, has seen the large goods trade balance surpluses of recent years narrow and this, coupled with consistent net outflows in the income and services sub-accounts, moved the overall current account into a deficit of 3.1 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) in the second quarter of 2012
    DOI: 10.1596/26645
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