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  • 1
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other papers
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Kurzfassung: This report responds to the February 2016 request from the G20. The report has been prepared in the framework of the Platform for Collaboration on Tax (the "PCT"), under the responsibility of the Secretariats and Staff of the four mandated organizations. The report reflects a broad consensus among these staff, but should not be regarded as the officially endorsed views of those organizations or of their member countries. The request arises in the context of increased recognition of the centrality to development of strong tax systems and of the importance of external support in building them, and a correspondingly increased willingness of advanced economies to provide substantially greater financing and other support for this. In that context, the report uses the experiences of the international organizations to analyze how support for developing tax capacity can be improved
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 2
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 22 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2010/12
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  • 3
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 18 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2010/13
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 31 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.756
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  • 5
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 54 S.
    Zusätzliches Material: graph. Darst., Tab., Lit.Hinw.
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Online Ressource
    Serie: OECD green growth papers 2010, 01
    Serie: Industry and innovation
    Schlagwort(e): Informationstechnik ; Kommunikationstechnik ; Bedeutung ; Rolle ; Wirkung ; Auswirkung ; Klimaänderung ; Umwelt ; Ökologie ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Umwelttechnik ; Produktion ; Branche ; Erwärmung ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are a key enabler of “green growth” in all sectors of the economy. They are a key part of government strategies for a sustainable economic recovery. This report looks at how ICTs can improve their own environmental performance, and how they can be used to improve environmental performance throughout the economy and society. Direct environmental impacts of ICTs are considerable in areas such as energy use, materials throughput and end-of-life treatment. Government “green ICT” policies can be instrumental in promoting life-cycle approaches for improved R&D and design of ICT goods, services and systems. Innovative ICT applications enable sustainable production and consumption across the entire economy. The potential for improving environmental performance targets specific products, but also entire systems and industry sectors, e.g. construction, transport, energy.
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  • 6
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 58 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Statistics Working Papers no.2010/03
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  • 7
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 28 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2010/15
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Perspectives des transports 2010 : Le potentiel de l'innovation
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  • 8
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 16 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2010/11
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Les perspectives du transport interurbain de personnes : Rapprocher les citoyens - 18ème Symposium international sur l'économie des transports et la politique
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 10, no. 2, p. 127-165
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 37 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 10, no. 2, p. 127-165
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Taxation ; Trade ; Chinese Taipei
    Kurzfassung: This report, prepared by the Secretariat of the OECD was the basis for a peer review examination of Chinese Taipei at the OECD’s Global Forum on Competition on 9 February, 2006. Competition law in Chinese Taipei has been an important element of the program of economic reforms that moved the economy from centrally directed emphasis on manufacturing and exports to a market-driven emphasis on services and high technology. The competition law follows mainstream practice about restrictive agreements, monopolies and anticompetitive mergers, with a particularly clear statutory basis for concentrating enforcement attention on horizontal collusion. The rules about market deception and unfair practices connect the competition law to consumer interests. There is a risk, though, that rules based on a cultural tradition of fairness might lead to interventions to correct differences in bargaining power, which could dampen competition rather than promote it. The competition enforcement agency, the Fair Trade Commission (FTC), is now a stable, experienced administrative agency. It followed an appropriate sequence in introducing competition policy, emphasising transparency and guidance to encourage compliance before undertaking stronger enforcement measures. General reforms are in process that would clarify the independence of the FTC. To improve enforcement against hard-core cartels, a leniency programme should be adopted, and the special treatment for agreements among small businesses should be limited. Some other aspects of the enforcement tool-kit should be revised, such as the cap on fines and the use of market share as a merger notification test. The most visible regulatory reforms to promote competition have been in telecoms, although an independent regulator for that sector is just now being set up. The government retains holdings in privatised firms that could have implications for market competition, so FTC vigilance about the risk of cross-subsidy or other distortion remains warranted.
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 11, no. 1, p. 7-90
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 82 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 11, no. 1, p. 7-90
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Taxation ; Trade
    Kurzfassung: The OECD Competition Committee debated energy security and competition policy in February 2007. This roundtable examined the links between competition policy and energy security, with a focus on natural gas. The discussion began by addressing the questions of the meaning and importance of energy security; and the determinants of energy security, particularly as they relate to competition policy. It continued in dealing with gas supply, transportation, and distribution, addressing five aspects that relate to different aspects of energy security: (1) the role of substitutes for natural gas in fostering competitive gas supply; the role of regulation in promoting or inhibiting infrastructure investment; (2) how to promote an adequate level of infrastructure investment; (3) the role of unbundling in fostering competition and promoting energy security; (4) the role of storage capacity in system efficiency and buyer bargaining position; (5) and the determinants of entry into merchant sales of natural gas.
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  • 11
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 10, no. 2, p. 147-260
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 114 p
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Examen du CAD par les pairs : Australie
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 10, no. 2, p. 147-260
    Schlagwort(e): Development ; Australia
    Kurzfassung: This review contains the Main Findings and Recommendations of the Development Assistance Committee and the report of the Secretariat. It was prepared with examiners from Ireland and Portugal for the Peer Review on 4 December 2008. Australia has made substantial, positive changes to its aid programme since 2004, reinforcing its focus on reducing poverty, on promoting the MDGs, and completely untying its aid programme. While increasing its aid, Australia should stay focused and pursue effective approaches, including working with and through other donors. Australia successfully integrated gender equality into its aid programme and could now use the same approach to integrate environmental concerns.
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  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 11, no. 1, p. 177-230
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 54 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 11, no. 1, p. 177-230
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Taxation ; Trade ; Peru
    Kurzfassung: The Competition Peer Review Report of Peru is the fourth one of a non-OECD country. South Africa and Russia were reviewed at meetings of the OECD Global Forum on Competition (GFC). Chile, and now Peru, were reviewed at meetings of the Latin American Competition Forum (LACF), organised by the OECD and the Inter- American Development Bank (IDB). All four reviews confirm that the peer review process is an extremely useful means of promoting co-operation and voluntary convergence among OECD and non-OECD economies, providing both transparency and a candid discussion of what constitutes “best practice” in different situations.
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  • 13
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 10, no. 4, p. 173-302
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 130 p
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Examen du CAD par les pairs : Italie
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 10, no. 4, p. 173-302
    Schlagwort(e): Development ; Switzerland
    Kurzfassung: Switzerland’s aid volume was USD 2.02 billion in 2008, an increase of more than 6% over the previous year, and a total of 0.42% of its gross national income (GNI). In 2008 it had already surpassed its Monterrey commitment to contribute 0.4% of its GNI to official development assistance (ODA) by 2010. Switzerland should adopt a 0.5% target for its aid, keeping in mind the 0.7% UN target. Switzerland has a long tradition of international assistance; its aid to humanitarian causes and multilateral donors serves as an example in good practice. Although Switzerland contributes to international thinking on governance and development in fragile situations, it faces challenges in implementing some of the international principles for making aid more effective, particularly in fragile states. Swiss aid is dispersed among too many countries and sectors, and it now strives to strengthen its focus. While welcoming the steps Switzerland has taken to reinforce its strategic approach to development co-operation, greater cohesion between the Ministries of Economic and Foreign Affairs would reduce duplication and transaction costs. In reforming its aid system, Switzerland will need to do more to set standards, monitor outcomes and assess impact of its development co operation programmes. Switzerland has made progress in bringing areas such as trade and the restitution of stolen assets in line with its commitments to development. It must build on such examples to ensure that all policies are coherent with its development aims. Switzerland must also strengthen efforts to communicate the positive results of aid in order to maintain strong public and political support.
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  • 14
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 10, no. 2, p. 7-41
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 35 p
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Vaincre la pauvreté grâce au commerce : Quel rôle pour l'aide à l'appui des échanges
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 10, no. 2, p. 7-41
    Schlagwort(e): Development
    Kurzfassung: Aid for trade is a tool designed to interlock aid and trade policies in pursuit of raised living standards and reduced poverty. This paper demonstrates why trade matters for boosting productivity and economic growth and explains why some countries are unable to reap the gains from trade. It does on to analyse how aid for trade can help strengthen the impact of trade on growth and poverty reduction, and which policy tools can best reinforce the impact of trade on poverty reduction. It underlines the need for a tailored, country-based approach to economic integration, and summarises the main policy conclusions and the potential gains-from-trade that are at stake.
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  • 15
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2009, no. 2, p. 193-206
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 14 p
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Accords bilatéraux et multilatéraux
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 2, p. 193-206
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy
    Kurzfassung: This article presents a list of Bilateral and Multilateral Agreements on nuclear law concluded during the second half of 2009.
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  • 16
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 10, no. 2, p. 7-73
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 67 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 10, no. 2, p. 7-73
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Taxation ; Trade
    Kurzfassung: The OECD Competition Committee debated competitive effects of land use restrictions in February 2008. Land use restrictions often serve valuable social purposes. The benefits of particular policies for land use must be balanced against the costs, though. The social harms that can arise when land use restrictions create “entry barriers” are rarely considered explicitly. Land use restrictions can raise the price and reduce supply of a broad range of real estate and, by preventing new and innovative stores from opening, reduce shopping options available to consumers. More careful integration of policy on land use restrictions with competition policy could benefit consumers and many entrepreneurs and reduce the likelihood that public or private restrictions will lead to supply scarcity. This roundtable examines competition problems affecting commercial construction and use permits, geographic density tests, adverse impact tests, access condition to rights of ay and private restrictions on land use. Steps are identified for improving public policies towards land use restrictions.
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  • 17
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 10, no. 2, p. 75-125
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 51 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 10, no. 2, p. 75-125
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Taxation ; Trade
    Kurzfassung: The OECD Competition Committee debated improving competition in real estate transactions in February 2007. Real estate transactions are subject to a variety of potential limitation of competition that can have significant effects on ordinary consumers. In fact, because of the annual volume of transactions and the fact that real estate expenses (mortgage payments and rent) constitute a significant portion of spending out of available revenue to spend (often exceeding 25%), the impacts of anti-competitive action i this sector may have larger financial value than in most other sectors. Practices of real estate agents vary significantly across countries, but a common trend appears to be the introduction of listing services that may provide a platform for anti-competitive practices to spread, at the same time as the Internet potentially provides improved opportunities for real estate sellers to reach buyers directly. In many countries, the operation of transferring legal title to properties is subject to cartel-like prices. Competitive problems have also been identified in the mortgage markets, with cartel activity having been found in a least one case and a lack of non-bank sources of finance in some countries.
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  • 18
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2009, no. 2, p. 267-321
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 58 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 2, p. 267-321
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment
    Kurzfassung: The structure and operation of the financial system have undergone marked changes in the past couple of decades, driven by dramatic improvements in technology, rapid product innovation, integration of financial systems, competition in financial services, and policy, regulatory, and trade reforms. These developments have led to a dynamic, sophisticated, and global financial services arena which fostered economic growth. Yet, the financial and economic crisis has brought to the fore many inappropriate or ill-adapted elements of our approach to financial regulation. The crisis has forced us to think hard about the financial system: how it works, the objectives it should fulfil, and the tools and policies to help shape it. The Policy Framework for Effective and Efficient Financial Regulation, supported by General Guidance and a High-Level Checklist, is a tool that can support ongoing efforts by policymakers, regulators, and supervisors to achieve a stronger, more resilient financial system. It is not meant to substitute for the more focused, micro-prudential principles and guidelines of international standard-setting bodies. But it can guide our strategic thinking and promote governmental leadership and action so that the financial system can play its vital role in the functioning of the economy, both domestically as well as globally. The Policy Framework, including the General Guidance and High-Level Checklist, is the product of work by the Committee on Financial Markets and the Insurance and Private Pensions Committee, and was the subject of a broad public consultation. The Policy Framework challenges policy makers to think about the fundamentals of financial regulation in a globalised financial system. It also invites them to improve their understanding of the financial system and work in close cooperation with other countries to develop proper tools and instruments so that public policy objectives are met. I hope that policymakers will use the Policy Framework in setting national policy and in working with international partners.
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  • 19
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 10, no. 1, p. 7-67
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 61 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 10, no. 1, p. 7-67
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Taxation ; Trade
    Kurzfassung: The OECD Competition Committee debated concessions in February 2006. Governments have long been engaged in providing goods or services to their citizens that could, in some form, be provided by the private sector. The trend over the past few decades, however, has been to transfer these functions, and the state-owned assets used to provide them, to private hands. The most common method, and the one usually preferred, is privatisation, or outright sale or transfer of ownership of the relevant assets to one or more private parties. Another method is concessions. Concessions are often viewed as a substitute for privatisation when the latter is not feasible for political or legal reasons. Concessions are not substitutes for regulation. Where there is a need for regulation, as in a situation of natural monopoly, a regulatory regime may be created along with the concession.
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  • 20
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 11, no. 1, p. 133-176
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 44 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 11, no. 1, p. 133-176
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Taxation ; Trade
    Kurzfassung: The Global Forum of the OECD Competition Committee debated the Interface between Competition and Consumer Policies in February 2008. The two policies share a common goal: the enhancement of consumer welfare. In this way they are highly complementary. Applied properly, they reinforce one another; Aside from their different approaches to markets, however, there are other differences between competition and consumer policies. These differences present both opportunities and challenges. Applied consistently, each policy ill each make the other more effective, especially in situations of evolving markets. The challenge comes in coordinating them, and in ensuring that they do not work at cross purposes. Institutional design is an important factor in providing effective public policy. With the increasing recognition of the importance of integrating competition policy and consumer policy, there is debate about how to design the most effective institutions for that purpose. Housing the two functions in a single agency offers several advantages, including more centralised control, operational efficiencies and cross-fertilisation between the two disciplines. There could be disadvantages as well, however.
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  • 21
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    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2010, no. 1, p. 147-149
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 3 p
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Travaux réglementaires internationaux
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2010, no. 1, p. 147-149
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy
    Kurzfassung: This article describes the international nuclear regulatory activities of the European Atomic Energy Community and the IAEA in 2009 and 2010.
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  • 22
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 10, no. 1, p. 69-151
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 83 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 10, no. 1, p. 69-151
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Taxation ; Trade
    Kurzfassung: The OECD Competition Committee debated competition in bidding markets in October 2006. Competition authorities become interested in auctions by a number of routes. In competition advocacy, they may advise other parts of government on how to design auctions in order to improve their efficiency—the degree of competition. They may evaluate mergers and agreements between firms that operate in auction markets. And they may be concerned with collusion and abuse of a dominant position in auctions. Because their formal rules reduce “noise” and make communication among rivals easier, auctions can promote collusion, compared with ordinary “posted-price” markets. But an auction can be designed to reduce collusion or concerted practices or to promote participation. Thus, the design of an auction can be the object of lobbying pressure. Auctioneers can also behave strategically, choosing auction formats or practices that favour competition. Two fundamental prescriptions for effective auction design follow from the theoretical literature: Induce bidders to truthfully reveal their valuations by making what they pay not depend entirely on what they bid, and maximize the information available to each participant before he bids.
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  • 23
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    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2010, no. 1, p. 113-146
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 34 p
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Décret législatif définissant les règles à respecter pour la construction de nouvelles unités
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2010, no. 1, p. 113-146
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy ; Italy
    Kurzfassung: This article presents the text of the Italian Decree setting out rules for the siting, construction and operation of nuclear installations of 23 July 2009.
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  • 24
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    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 10, no. 1, p. 153-171
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 19 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 10, no. 1, p. 153-171
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Taxation ; Trade
    Kurzfassung: The OECD Competition Committee debated issues related to the Construction Industry in June 2008. This roundtable addressed the special characteristics of the construction industry as they relate to competition law and policy. Construction is a critical sector in OECD economies because it builds and maintains the structures and infrastructure on which almost every other industry depends. Unfortunately, the construction industry has also tended to suffer from cartel activity, as shown by a spate of well - publicised recent matters from around the world. The roundtable includes an examination of why this industry seems to be more prone to cartel formation than other industries. It also looked into the complications that may arise when multiple construction firms use the same bid calculation software. Finally, the Committee discussed the arguments – occasionally made by industry advocates – that competition is either irrelevant or “ruinous” in the construction industry. Neither argument was found to be persuasive, as there are no distinguishing features of the construction sector that reduce the benefits that competition brings to consumer welfare.
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  • 25
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2009, no. 2, p. 115-127
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 13 p
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Jurisprudence
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 2, p. 115-127
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy ; Canada ; European Union ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Canada – R. v Bruce Power Inc. (2009) European Union – Judgement of the European Court of Justice in the Case Land Oberosterreich v CEZ (2009) United States – Judgement of a U.S. Court of Appeals on the design basis threat security rule (2009) Judgement of a U.S. Court of Appeals on consideration of the environmental impacts of terrorist attacks on nuclear facilities (2009) Judgement of a U.S. District Court on interstate compacts�f authority to restrict private disposal of foreign low-level radioactive waste (2009)
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  • 26
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2009, no. 2, p. 141-188
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 48 p
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Textes de loi
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 2, p. 141-188
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy ; Italy ; Japan
    Kurzfassung: This article presents the texts of the Council Directive 2009/71/Euratom of 25 June 2009 establishing a Community framework for the nuclear safety of nuclear installations, the Italian Law No. 99 of 23 July 2009 providing Provisions for the development and internationalisation of firms, with particular reference to energy, and the Japanese Act on Compensation for Nuclear Damage (Act No. 147 of 1961), Act on Indemnity Agreements for Compensation of Nuclear Damage (Act No. 148 of 1961), Order for the Execution of the Act on Compensation for Nuclear Damage (Cabinet Order No. 44 of 6 March 1962), and Order for the Execution of the Act on Indemnity Agreements for Compensation of Nuclear Damage (Act No. 45 of 1962).
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  • 27
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    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 10, no. 4, p. 7-58
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 52 p
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Avant-propos
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 10, no. 4, p. 7-58
    Schlagwort(e): Development
    Kurzfassung: Developing countries differ greatly in their potential for development and in the challenges they face. In one respect, however, many share a common problem: too little aid from too many donors. This report traces up to 3 700 aid relationships between all 151 aid recipient countries and the 46 largest donors, covering all members of the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) and the largest multilateral agencies. This complex reality is often referred to as fragmentation of aid. This 2009 report examines the concept of aid fragmentation across countries, and what has happened since the adoption of the Paris Declaration. It also proposes measures for concentration and fragmentation, and options for tackling excessive fragmentation. Where a donor-partner aid relation is not considered non-significant from either the donor’s or the recipient’s point of view, there is an opportunity for some rationalisation. This report shows that a decrease of 23% in the number of relationships is possible when only 4% of aid is reorganised. This reorganisation, in turn, would lead to an increase in the volume of the average donor-partner aid relation of 30%.
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  • 28
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2009, no. 2, p. 129-140
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 12 p
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Travaux législatifs et réglementaires nationaux
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 2, p. 129-140
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy ; Belarus ; Belgium ; Estonia ; Germany ; Italy ; Romania ; Spain ; United Arab Emirates ; United States
    Kurzfassung: BELARUS The Statute on the State Supervision in the Field of Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection (2008) Amendment to the Law on Radiation Protection of the Public (2008) Environmental impact assessment laws (2009) The Statute on the Discussion of Questions of the Public in the Field of Atomic Energy (2009) BELGIUM Decree regarding the minimum criteria for X-ray apparatus use in veterinary medicine (2009) Decree of the Federal Agency for Nuclear Control on the determination of exemption levels (2009) ESTONIA National Development Plan (2009) New Radiation Safety Department (2009) Amendment to the Radiation Protection Act (2009) GERMANY Ordinance on the Shipment of Radioactive Waste or Spent Fuel (2009) Amendments to Acts and Ordinances on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (2009) Amendments to the 1961 Foreign Trade Act and 1993 Foreign Trade Ordinance (2009) ITALY Law No. 99 of 23 July 2009 including provisions on the resurgence of nuclear energy (2009) ROMANIA Decision on the prohibition of dangerous labour for children (2009) Amendment to the regulations on the organisation and operation of CNCAN (2009) Decision on the repatriation of nuclear material to the Russian Federation (2009) Decision on the processing of uranium stocks (2009) General requirements on environmental impact assessment (2009) SPAIN Regulation on the transboundary shipments of radioactive waste and spent fuel (2009) Regulation on installation and use of X-ray devices for medical diagnostic purposes (2009) UNITED ARAB EMIRATES Federal law on the peaceful use of nuclear energy (2009) UNITED STATES Final regulations criminalising unauthorised introduction of dangerous weapons (2009)
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  • 29
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    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 10, no. 4, p. 59-171
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 113 p
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Rapport 2009 de l'OCDE sur la division du travail
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 10, no. 4, p. 59-171
    Schlagwort(e): Development ; Italy
    Kurzfassung: The Italian development co-operation is facing major challenges. The first is an urgent need to reform official development co-operation in the absence of political consensus on how to proceed. The second is that Italy will fail to meet its international commitment to increase official development assistance (ODA) to 0.51% of its gross national income (GNI) by 2010 and is unlikely to meet 0.7% by 2015. In 2008 Italy’s ODA/GNI ratio was 0.22. Despite the challenges remaining, there has been some improvement in Italian aid management since 2008. Italy intends to focus on 35 priority countries, the greater authority given to Italy’s embassies and technical offices to deliver and to contribute to formulating programmes and deliver aid, and the Steering Committee on Development Co-operation’s high level policy direction. Italy still needs a strategy for its development co-operation that is shared by all relevant government departments and regional and local authorities working towards common objectives: building systems to promote coherence between development co-operation and other policies; reforming human resource management for the core cadre of development experts; and regularly undertaking monitoring and independent evaluation. In addition, the limited political debate and public awareness about Italian development co-operation show there is an urgent need for the Italian authorities, together with civil society, to build popular support for development and public pressure for reforming Italian development co-operation.
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  • 30
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    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 10, no. 3, p. 109-219
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 111 p
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Examen du CAD par les pairs : Autriche
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 10, no. 3, p. 109-219
    Schlagwort(e): Development ; Austria
    Kurzfassung: This review contains the Main Findings and Recommendations of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) and the report of the Secretariat. It was prepared with examiners from Luxembourg and Norway for the Peer Review meeting on 29 April 2009. Among the issues covered were: the welcome efforts to focus Austrian development co-operation on the world’s poorest people; plans to substantially increase aid for humanitarian action, priority partner countries, and UN agencies; and progress made with the organisational reform started in 2004. Austria needs to sharply increase its aid to meet its commitment to reach 0.7% of ODA/GNI by 2015; to make its aid more predictable; and to increase the share of aid that can be programmed by partner countries. Staffing and technical expertise in the Foreign Affairs Ministry must be strengthened so that it can effectively carry out its mandate as the national co-ordinator for aid and development policy; there should be increased focus on public and political awareness about global development challenges; and a medium-term development policy, endorsed by the government, which commits all ministries to Austria’s development co-operation objectives.
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  • 31
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    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 10, no. 3, p. 7-108
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 102 p
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Examen du CAD par les pairs : Irlande
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 10, no. 3, p. 7-108
    Schlagwort(e): Development ; Ireland
    Kurzfassung: This review contains the Main Findings and Recommendations of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) and the report of the Secretariat. It was prepared with examiners from Italy and New Zealand for the Peer Review meeting on 24 March 2009. The review noted that Ireland is a champion in making aid more effective. Poverty reduction is the overarching goal of Irish Aid, and reflecting this, its programme is well concentrated on a limited number of very poor African countries. Ireland is a predictable and flexible donor, and its attention to local priorities is appreciated by the developing country partners with whom it works. It is balancing efforts to meet the best international development standards while dealing with the impact of the global economic crisis. Ireland is focusing on achieving results and should enhance its efforts to measure the impact of its aid programme. The DAC urges Ireland to communicate development results to the public to maintain support for overseas development.
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  • 32
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    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2010, no. 1, p. 151-152
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 2 p
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Accords bilatéraux
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2010, no. 1, p. 151-152
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy
    Kurzfassung: This article presents a list of bilateral agreements.
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  • 33
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    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 10, no. 3, p. 221-336
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 116 p
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Examen du CAD par les pairs : Suède
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 10, no. 3, p. 221-336
    Schlagwort(e): Development ; Sweden
    Kurzfassung: This review contains the Main Findings and Recommendations of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) and the report of the Secretariat. It was prepared with examiners from Japan and the United States for the Peer Review meeting on 9 June 2009. The review noted that Sweden was the most generous of all DAC donor countries as a proportion of its national income in 2008. Sweden is a leader in the areas of aid effectiveness and good humanitarian donorship. It has initiated important reforms to bolster the quality of its aid and to make its development efforts more supportive of partner country priorities. Sweden sets an example as a reliable and engaged donor to multilateral organisations but could make its support more strategic. Sweden is ahead of many donors when it comes to making its national policies and actions consistent with its development objectives, but implementation difficulties led to a revised approach, which is promising.
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  • 34
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 11, no. 1, p. 91-131
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 41 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 11, no. 1, p. 91-131
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Taxation ; Trade
    Kurzfassung: The OECD Competition Committee debated competition issues in vertical relations for gasoline retailing in October 2008. Gasoline retailing has changed dramatically over the last 25 years. While refiners often still have extensive networks of gasoline retailers, there is also a large independent sector in many countries; A study of the effects of entry by large general retailers finds benefits to consumers; There has been a vigorous debate about whether vertical separation between gasoline stations and upstream entities should be required. It appears that mandating vertical separation is linked with price increases to the ultimate consumers. On the other hand, mandated separation may promote the development of more independent stations. Policy makers often raise concerns about vertical integration in the supply of gasoline. These concerns should be moderated in markets with large independent segments. Even in markets with small independent segments, there are reasons to believe prices will be lower with vertical integration, as this eliminates a double mark-up.
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  • 35
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2009, no. 2, p. 189-192
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 4 p
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Travail législatifs et réglementaires nationaux
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 2, p. 189-192
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy
    Kurzfassung: This article describes the international nuclear regulatory activities of Euratom and IAEA during 2009.
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  • 36
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2010, no. 1, p. 103-11
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 9 p
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Travaux législatifs et réglementaires nationaux
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2010, no. 1, p. 103-11
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy ; Belarus ; Egypt ; France ; Germany ; Ireland ; Italy ; Romania ; Slovak Republic ; Spain ; Ukraine
    Kurzfassung: BELARUS Amendments to laws on the use of atomic energy (2009) Criminal law on acts concerning the use of radioactive sources and administrative law for non-criminal violations of radiation safety requirements (2009) EGYPT Law on activities in the nuclear and radiation field (2010) FRANCE Decree establishing a Committee on industrial co-ordination of radioactive waste (2010)Law on the recognition and indemnification of victims of nuclear tests conducted by France (2010) GERMANY Tenth Amendment to the Atomic Energy Act (2010) Act on Environmental Impact Assessment (2009) Radiation Protection Commission (2009) Act on the Protection against Non-ionizing Radiation (2009) International transport of dangerous goods by road (2009) IRELAND Order to amend Regulations on Active Implantable Medical Devices (2010)Amendment to Medical Devices Regulations (2010) ITALY Decree setting out rules for the siting, construction and operation of nuclear installations (2010) ROMANIA Law on the reorganisation of public authorities (2009) Government Decision on the reorganisation of electric power producers (2010) SLOVAK REPUBLIC Amendment of the Atomic Act (2009) SPAIN Law regulating limited investment companies quoted on the real estate market (2009) UKRAINE Overview of recent amendments to laws in the field of nuclear energy (2009)
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  • 37
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2010, no. 1, p. 93-102
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 10 p
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Jurisprudence
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2010, no. 1, p. 93-102
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy ; Belgium ; Brazil ; Canada ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Belgium – Constitutional Court ruling on nuclear taxes (2010) Brazil – Federal Court ruling on partial licence for works at Angra III (2009) Canada – Federal Court decision respecting intellectual property and trade mark infringement action: Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. v Areva NP Canada Ltd (2009) United States – Judgement of a U.S. Court of Appeals on consideration of the environmental impacts of the risk of spent fuel pool fires (2009) Judgement of a U.S. Court of Appeals on a licence to perform in situ leach uranium mining (2010)
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  • 38
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    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on development Vol. 10, no. 2, p. 43-146
    ISSN: 1996-580X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 104 p
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Examen du CAD par les pairs : Norvège
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on development
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 10, no. 2, p. 43-146
    Schlagwort(e): Development ; Norway
    Kurzfassung: This review contains the Main Findings and Recommendations of the Development Assistance Committee and the report of the Secretariat. It was prepared with examiners from Canada and the European Commission for the Peer Review on 21 October 2008. Norway is consistently at the forefront of donor efforts to improve the international aid system, as well as its own development policies and programmes. It supports aid effectiveness and its flexible approach to development assistance enables quick reaction to changing situations. Although its flexibility is generally considered a strength, Norway needs to guard against adding too many new priorities to an ever-expanding list of initiatives. Norway aspires to lead on selected cross-cutting issues such as women’s rights, gender equality and the environment but it is still struggling to fully ‘mainstream’ these objectives into programmes and projects.
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  • 39
    Online-Ressource
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    Paris : OECD ; Ottawa
    ISBN: 9789264088924 , 926408892X , 9781552505014 , 1552505014 , 1282797557 , 9781282797550
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (151 pages)
    Serie: OECD innovation strategy
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Innovation and the development agenda
    DDC: 338/.064091724
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Developpement economique / Pays en voie de developpement ; Innovations / Diffusion / Pays en voie de developpement ; Innovations / Aspect economique / Pays en voie de developpement ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Industrial Technology ; Strategic planning ; Technological innovations / Economic aspects ; Business & Economics ; Economic Theory ; Strategic planning / Developing countries ; Technological innovations / Economic aspects / Developing countries ; Technological innovations Economic aspects ; Strategic planning ; Technologiepolitik ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Innovationsförderung ; Afrika ; Entwicklungsländer ; Entwicklungsländer ; Afrika ; Innovationsförderung ; Technologiepolitik ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Innovation drives long-term economic growth. It has an important role to play as global economies recover from the current financial crisis. This book examines the role of innovation in developing countries, with a focus on Africa. It investigates innovation systems and their application; the key role of knowledge in innovation for development; and the importance of comparable country studies and official statistics on innovation. It stresses the need for innovation to become part of a comprehensive development agenda, and makes recommendations for promoting activities in both the formal and informal sectors, with the aim of transforming agriculture into a knowledge-based industry capable of stimulating economic growth--Publisher's description
    Anmerkung: Print version record , English
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  • 40
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other papers
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Kurzfassung: When the G-20 leaders met on 24-25 September 2009 in Pittsburgh, USA, they agreed in their Communiqua that, building on the efforts of many countries to, reduce fossil fuel subsidies while preventing adverse impact on the poorest?, they were committed to, rationalize and phase out over the medium term inefficient fossil fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption. This draft report has been developed jointly by the International Energy Agency (IEA), Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and World Bank in response to this request. It draws on the relevant expertise and work of the four tasked organizations, but also on input and comments from other organizations and experts. The report includes: a) discussion of the scope of energy subsidies; b) estimates of energy subsidies, and identification of the gaps in the existing data and issues around the measurement of energy subsidies; c) modeling-based analysis of the implications of phasing-out energy subsidies on the economy, including socio-economic and trade impacts, the environment, and the energy sector; and d) suggestions for the implementation of phase-out of inefficient subsidies leading to wasteful consumption, drawing on country case studies, including discussion of how to address social impacts
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9789264071100
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (20 p)
    Serie: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 429; Sensibilisation cutanée ; Essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 429: Sensibilisation cutanée : Essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: The basic principle underlying the Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA) in mouse is that sensitizers induce a primary proliferation of lymphocytes in the auricular lymph nodes draining the site of chemical application. This proliferation is proportional to the dose applied and provides a measurement of sensitisation. The method described is based on the use of radioactive labelling to measure cell proliferation. A minimum of four animals is used per dose group, with a minimum of three concentrations of the test substance, plus a negative control group treated with the vehicle only, and a positive control, as appropriate. The experimental schedule of the assay is during 6 days. Thereafter, the animals are killed and a cell suspension of lymph node cells is prepared. The incorporation of 3H-methyl thymidine is measured by ¦Â-scintillation counting as disintegrations per minute (DPM). The Test Guideline includes performance standards that can be used to evaluate the validation status of new and/or modified test methods that are functionally and mechanistically similar to the LLNA. A reduced LLNA approach which could use up to 40% fewer animals is also described as an option. This study includes: measurements (weighing, DPM), and clinical daily observations. Results are expressed as the Stimulation Index (SI).The SI is obtained by calculation and should be ¡Ý3 before classification of the test material as a skin sensitizer is warranted.
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  • 42
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cairo : Arab Administrative Development Organization (ARADO), Egypt
    ISBN: 9789264084599
    Sprache: Arabisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (111 p)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Overcoming Barriers to Administrative Simplification Strategies; Guidance for Policy Makers
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Surmonter les obstacles à la mise en œuvre des stratégies de simplification administrative ; Orientations destinées aux décideurs
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Overcoming Barriers to Administrative Simplification Strategies: Guidance for Policy Makers
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Surmonter les obstacles à la mise en œuvre des stratégies de simplification administrative : Orientations destinées aux décideurs
    Schlagwort(e): Governance
    Kurzfassung: Governments face the challenge of rationalising and minimising administrative burdens imposed by bureaucratic requirements. At the same time, they need to use administrative procedures as a source of information and a tool for implementing public policies. Administrative simplification strategies are designed to streamline procedures, reduce complexity, paperwork and uncertainty. This guide draws on the experience of, and policy dialogue between, member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and Middle East and North African countries (MENA). It reviews common barriers to designing and implementing a strategy for administrative simplification and offers 22 approaches to overcome them, providing a synthesis of good practices among policy makers and practitioners working on cutting red tape.
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  • 43
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264086913
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (32 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Document d'orientation pour les études d'impact sur la durabilité
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: This publication offers a general introduction to sustainability impact assessment, which is an approach for exploring the combined economic, environmental and social impacts of a range of proposed policies, programmes, strategies and action plans. Such assessments can also assist decision-making and strategic planning throughout the entire policy cycles. It is not an in-depth or detailed user manual, but rather outlines basic principles and process steps of sustainability impact assessments, drawing on examples from Switzerland, Belgium and the European Commission, among others. This publication is a valuable source of information for policy makers on sustainability impact assessments.
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789264086883
    Sprache: Griechisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (422 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital; Condensed Version 2008
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Modèle de convention fiscale concernant le revenu et la fortune ; Version abrégée 2008
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital: Condensed Version 2008
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Modèle de convention fiscale concernant le revenu et la fortune : Version abrégée 2008
    Schlagwort(e): Taxation
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9789264086982
    Sprache: Portugiesisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (139 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. African Economic Outlook 2010
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Perspectives économiques en Afrique 2010
    Schlagwort(e): Development
    Kurzfassung: As Perspectivas Económicas em África avaliam, anualmente, a situação económica recente da maioria dos países africanos e a sua evolução provável a curto prazo. Esta versão portuguesa inclui os cinco países lusófonos e mais um CD-Rom com as análises do resto de países em inglês e francês. Os dados apresentados são baseados em estudos sobre países, articulados em torno de um tema único de análise. Esse quadro comum compreende um exercício de previsões para o ano em curso e para os dois anos seguintes, utilizando um modelo macroeconómico simples, assim como uma análise do contexto políticosocial. Apresenta também um sumário comparativo das perspectivas dos diversos países estudados, o qual permite situar a evolução das economias africanas dentro do contecto económico mundial. Um anexo estatístico completa este volume. Este estudo é fruto da colaboração entre o Banco Africano de Desenvolvimento, a Comissão Económica das Nações Unidas para a África e o Centro de Desenvolvimento da OCDE. O Centro de Desenvolvimento da OCDE gostaria de agradecer à Delegação de Portugal junto da OCDE e ao Instituto Português de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento (IPAD) pela sua generosa contribuição para a tradução e publicação deste documento.
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  • 46
    ISBN: 9789264090996
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (15 p)
    Serie: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 442B ; Sensibilisation cutanée ; Essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques; BrdU- ELISA
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 442B : Sensibilisation cutanée : Essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques: BrdU- ELISA
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: The Local Lymph Node Assay: BrdU-ELISA (LLNA:BrdU-ELISA) is a non-radioactive modification to the LLNA method for identifying potential skin sensitizing test substances and measuring the proliferation of lymphocytes they induce in the auricular lymph nodes. The method described in mouse is based on the use of measuring 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) content, an analogue of thymidine, as an indicator of this proliferation. A minimum of four animals is used per dose group, with a minimum of three concentrations of the test substance, plus a concurrent negative control group and a positive control group. The experimental schedule is during 6 days. Thereafter, the animals are killed and a single cell suspension of lymph node cells (LNC) is prepared. The procedure for preparing the LNC is crucial, in particular for the small lymph nodes in NC animals. Then the BrdU content in DNA of lymphocytes is measured by ELISA using a commercial kit of by Flow Cytometry (FCM). This study includes: measurements (weighing, BrdU) and clinical daily observations. The results are expressed as the Stimulation Index (SI) obtained by calculation from the mean BrdU labelling index. The SI should be ≥1.6 for the ELISA method or ≥2.7 for the FCM method for identifying the test material as a potential skin sensitizer.
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  • 47
    ISBN: 9789282102640
    Sprache: Russisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (295 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Towards Zero; Ambitious Road Safety Targets and the Safe System Approach
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Zéro tué sur la route ; Un système sûr, des objectifs ambitieux
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Towards Zero: Ambitious Road Safety Targets and the Safe System Approach
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Zéro tué sur la route : Un système sûr, des objectifs ambitieux
    Schlagwort(e): Transport
    Kurzfassung: Каждый год на автомобильных дорогах мира погибает около 1,2 миллиона человек и еще 50 миллионов получают тяжелые травмы. Но аварии в большинстве случаев предотвратимы и есть много методов, позволяющих избавить людей от горя, которое они приносят, и снизить их негативные экономические последствия. Многие страны поставили перед собой задачи по снижению числа жертв на дорогах. Выполняют ли эти страны поставленные задачи? Что можно сделать прямо сейчас и в долгосрочной перспективе для выполнения этих задач? Есть ли предел возможностей у традиционных подходов к обеспечению дорожной безопасности? В данном докладе дается обзор последних событий и инициатив, направленных на выполнение все более амбициозных задач в области повышения уровня дорожной безопасности. Доклад уделяет особое внимание изменениям в системе ведомственного управления, которые необходимо ввести во многих странах для успешного применения мер по повышению безопасности на дорогах. Доклад подчеркивает также необходимость четкой ориентации на результат и рассматривает экономические обоснования для инвестиций в дорожную безопасность. Он призывает страны с высокими результатами по повышению дорожной безопасности сделать еще больше и активно рекомендует принять системный подход к безопасности, в долгосрочной перспективе способный привести к полному устранению жертв на дорогах. Доклад является наиболее значительным международным обзором достижений в области развития системного подхода к безопасности, принятого в настоящее время в небольшом числе стран. Доклад должен быть полезен всем, кто работает в области управления дорожным хозяйством, и тем, в чью сферу интересов входит повышение уровня безопасности дорожного движения.
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  • 48
    ISBN: 9789264091993
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (165 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Partnership for Democratic Governance
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Guide sur l'externalisation des services et fonctions de l'État dans les situations post-conflit et de fragilité
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Development
    Kurzfassung: The contracting out of government functions and services to external providers is an established practice in many developed and developing countries. On the one hand, it can offer essential support to states that have to deliver basic services urgently; on the other, it risks bypassing governments and undermining their long-term recovery. The OECD’s Partnership for Democratic Governance was formed in 2007 to gather evidence on this issue. This handbook does not take a view for or against contracting out; nor is it a technical manual. The handbook is for field practitioners and government policy makers in countries that are either emerging from conflict or are otherwise considered to be fragile. Its aim is to help them make more informed choices about the types of contracting that are best suited to their country. It is a tool to assess whether contracting out might be a possible way forward – either temporarily or over a longer period of time – for delivering a core service (such as basic education, healthcare, water and sanitation) or a government function (such as managing public finances and human resources). The handbook illustrates these points with the aid of case studies ranging from Afghanistan to Haiti and Liberia.
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  • 49
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264070882
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (20 p.)
    Serie: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 417; Toxicocinétique
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 417: Toxicocinétique
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: This Test Guideline describes in vivo studies that provide information on mass balance, absorption, bioavailability, tissue distribution, metabolism, excretion, and basic toxicokinetic parameters [e.g. AUC], as well as supplemental approaches that may provide useful information on toxicokinetics. Information from toxicokinetic studies helps to relate concentration or dose to the observed toxicity and to understand its mechanism of toxicity. The test substance ("unlabelled" or "radiolabelled" forms) is normally administered by an oral route, but other routes of administration may be applicable. Single dose administration of the substance (preferably a minimum of two dose levels) may be adequate, but repeated dose may be needed in some circumstances. Toxicokinetic studies should preferably be carried out in the same species as that used in other toxicological studies performed with the substance (normally the rat, a minimum of 4 animals of one sex for each dose). Initial estimation of absorption can be achieved by mass balance determination, but further investigations such as intravenous (IV) administration and biliary excretion studies might be necessary. Bioavailability can be determined from plasma/blood kinetics of oral and IV groups. The percent of the total dose in tissues should at a minimum be measured at the termination of experiment,but additional time points may also be needed. Metabolites present at 5 % or greater of the administered dose should be identified. The rate and extent of excretion of the administered dose should be determined by measuring the percent recovered dose from urine, faeces and expired air.
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  • 50
    ISBN: 9789264046276
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (250 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter; Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Le rôle crucial des enseignants ; Attirer, former et retenir des enseignants de qualité
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Stärkere Professionalisierung des Lehrerberufs; Wie gute Lehrer gewonnen, gefördert und gehalten werden können
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter (Hungarian version); Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter (Japanese version); Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Professores são importantes; Atraindo, desenvolvendo e retendo professores eficazes
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter: Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Le rôle crucial des enseignants : Attirer, former et retenir des enseignants de qualité
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Stärkere Professionalisierung des Lehrerberufs: Wie gute Lehrer gewonnen, gefördert und gehalten werden können
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter (Hungarian version): Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter (Japanese version): Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Professores são importantes: Atraindo, desenvolvendo e retendo professores eficazes
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: Los buenos docentes son la columna vertebral de todo sistema educativo. Por tal razón, los gobiernos constantemente buscan políticas magisteriales que los ayuden a seleccionar y conservar a los mejores. A la mayoría de los países le preocupa el envejecimiento de los docentes y la manera de atraer candidatos nuevos, así como satisfacer las demandas de los diversos grupos estudiantiles, las expectativas más altas y las nuevas responsabilidades. Para ser e caz, la política magisterial debe resolver dichas cuestiones. Los docentes son importantes proporciona un detallado análisis internacional de: Las tendencias y los programas de desarrollo de los docentes en 25 países. La investigación sobre cómo atraer, formar y conservar a docentes eficientes. Políticas y prácticas innovadoras y exitosas que los países han implementado. Opciones de política magisterial para consideración de los países. A la vez que documenta muchas áreas de interés acerca de los docentes y la enseñanza, el informe también proporciona ejemplos positivos de la manera en que in uyen las políticas públicas. Destaca los países donde la posición social de los docentes es alta y donde hay más candidatos cali cados que puestos vacantes. Incluso en países en los que la escasez ha sido preocupante, recientemente ha habido señales de mayor interés en la docencia y las iniciativas de política pública parecen estar surtiendo efecto.
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  • 51
    ISBN: 9789264082052
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (272 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Catalonia, Spain
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Technologiepolitik ; Katalonien ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Spain ; Katalonien ; Innovationsförderung
    Kurzfassung: This review of regional innovation assesses how to improve Catalonia's current strategy and actions in order to boost its innovation system through both its own programmes and those of Spain and the European Union. It finds that with over seven million inhabitants and a GDP of around EUR 204 billion, Catalonia is not only an important region within Spain, but within the OECD as well. Indeed, its economic output is similar to countries like Portugal and Norway. The region experienced massive population growth over the past decade, due to immigration, which in part drove GDP growth. However, Catalonia’s productivity is slipping, relative to other OECD regions, necessitating the transition to a productivity-driven growth model through a stronger regional innovation system. The region has successfully strengthened its research base, with investments in R&D having increased four-fold over the past decade. Catalonia is now mobilising actors across the innovation system in regional centres, such as Barcelona, to improve productivity and address social challenges.
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  • 52
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264088689
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (88 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Addressing tax risks involving bank losses
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Bank ; Unternehmensbesteuerung ; Verlust ; OECD-Staaten ; Taxation ; Finanzkrise ; Bank ; Verlustrealisation ; Steuerwirkung
    Kurzfassung: The financial and economic crisis had a devastating impact on bank profits, with loss-making banks reporting global commercial losses of around USD 400 billion in 2008. This comprehensive report sets the market context for bank losses and provides an overview of the tax treatment of such losses in 17 OECD countries; describes the tax risks that arise in relation to bank losses from the perspective of both banks and revenue bodies; outlines the incentives that give rise to those risks; and describes the tools revenue bodies have to manage these potential compliance risks. It concludes with recommendations for revenue bodies and for banks on how risks involving bank losses can best be managed and reduced.
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  • 53
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264094819
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Serie: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Améliorer la performance des soins de santé ; Comment mesurer leur qualité
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Améliorer la performance des soins de santé : Comment mesurer leur qualité
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Qualitätskontrolle
    Kurzfassung: Are breast cancer survival rates higher in the United States than in the United Kingdom and France? Are a patient's chances of dying within 30 days after admission to a hospital with a heart attack lower in Canada than in Korea? Are surgeons in some countries more likely to leave “foreign bodies” behind after operations or make accidental punctures or lacerations rates when performing surgery? The need for answers to these kinds of questions and the value of measuring the quality of health care are among the issues addressed in this publication. Many health policies depend on our ability to measure the quality of care accurately. Governments want to increase “patient-centeredness”, improve co-ordination of care, and pay providers of high-quality care more than those who underperform. However, measuring the quality of health care is challenging. The OECD’s Health Care Quality Indicator project has overcome some of the problems, though many remain. If policy makers are serious about improving the body of evidence on the quality of care, they need to improve their health information systems. This publication describes what international comparable quality measures are currently available and how to link these measures to quality policies such as accreditation, practice guidelines, pay-for-performance, national safety programmes and quality reporting.
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  • 54
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264088702
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als News in the internet age
    DDC: 070.4
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): 1950-2009 ; Informationsmarkt ; Presseerzeugnis ; Presseverlag ; Innovation ; Elektronische Publikation ; Internet ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Zeitung ; Internet ; Wertschöpfung
    Kurzfassung: The economics of news production and distribution is in a state of radical change. After very profitable years, newspaper publishers in most OECD countries face declining advertising revenues and significant reductions in titles and circulation. About 20 out of 30 OECD countries face declining newspaper readership, which is now at its lowest among younger people. At the same time, many promising forms of news creation and distribution are being tested. Some of these are empowered by increasing technological sophistication, new information intermediaries and the resulting decentralised forms of content creation. However, despite these new possibilities, no business and/or revenue-sharing models have been found to finance in-depth independent news production. This raises questions about the supply of high-quality journalism in the longer term and roles that government support might take in supporting a diverse and local press without putting its independence at stake. This study provides an in-depth treatment of the global newspaper publishing market and its evolution, with a particular view on the development of online news and related challenges.
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  • 55
    ISBN: 9789264056701
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (84 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. L'emploi d'après mandat ; Bonnes pratiques en matière de prévention des conflits d'intérêts
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. L'emploi d'après mandat : Bonnes pratiques en matière de prévention des conflits d'intérêts
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Post-public employment
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Öffentlicher Sektor ; Privatwirtschaft ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Verwaltung ; Arbeitnehmer ; Berufliche Mobilität ; Privatwirtschaft
    Kurzfassung: The movement of personnel between employment in the public and private sectors, referred to as the “revolving door” phenomenon, raises particular attention in the context of the response of governments to the financial and economic crisis. This OECD survey of 30 member countries shows that the vast majority of countries have established basic standards for preventing post-public employment conflict of interest. But few have tailored these standards to address risk areas and professions such as regulators or public procurement officials. Enforcing standards and imposing suitable sanctions remains a challenge for many countries. The principles presented in this volume serve as a point of reference for policy makers and managers to review and modernise post-public employment policies. It is part of the pathfinding efforts of the OECD to promote public sector integrity for cleaner, fairer and stronger economies.
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  • 56
    ISBN: 9789264095472
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (58 p.)
    Serie: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Botsuana ; Taxation ; Botswana ; Botswana ; Finanzbauverwaltung ; Steuersystem ; Internationale Kooperation
    Kurzfassung: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 57
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264092624
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Serie: Nuclear Development
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Les déchets radioactifs ; mise en perspective
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Les déchets radioactifs : mise en perspective
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy ; Radioaktiver Abfall ; Abfallbeseitigung ; Management
    Kurzfassung: Large volumes of hazardous wastes are produced each year, however only a small proportion of them are radioactive. While disposal options for hazardous wastes are generally well established, some types of hazardous waste face issues similar to those for radioactive waste and also require long-term disposal arrangements. The objective of this NEA study is to put the management of radioactive waste into perspective, firstly by contrasting features of radioactive and hazardous wastes, together with their management policies and strategies, and secondly by examining the specific case of the wastes resulting from carbon capture and storage of fossil fuels. The study seeks to give policy makers and interested stakeholders a broad overview of the similarities and differences between radioactive and hazardous wastes and their management strategies.
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  • 58
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264086968
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Serie: Better Regulation in Europe
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Mieux légiférer en Europe ; France 2010
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Mieux légiférer en Europe : France 2010
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Regulierung ; Frankreich ; Governance ; France ; Frankreich ; Regulierung
    Kurzfassung: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for France, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9789264090279
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Payer pour la biodiversité ; Améliorer l'efficacité-coût des paiements pour services écosystémiques
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Paying for Biodiversity; Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services (Bulgarian version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Paying for Biodiversity; Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services (Romanian version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Payer pour la biodiversité : Améliorer l'efficacité-coût des paiements pour services écosystémiques
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Paying for Biodiversity: Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services (Bulgarian version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Paying for Biodiversity: Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services (Romanian version)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Karousakis, Katia Paying for biodiversity
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Artenvielfalt ; Umwelt ; Umweltökonomik ; Umweltpolitik ; Kosten-Wirksamkeits-Analyse ; Environment ; Biodiversität ; Umweltpolitik ; Umweltökonomie
    Kurzfassung: Biodiversity and ecosystem services provide tangible benefits for society, such as food provisioning, water purification, genetic resources or climate regulation. These services provide critical life support functions and contribute to human health, well being and economic growth. Yet biodiversity is declining worldwide and, in some areas, this loss is accelerating. The need for policies that promote the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and ecosystem services is more important than ever. Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) is a direct and flexible incentive-based mechanism under which the user or beneficiary of an ecosystem service makes a direct payment to an individual or community whose land use decisions have an impact on the ecosystem service provision. Interest in PES has been increasing rapidly over the past decade: PES are proliferating worldwide and there are already more than 300 programmes in place today at national, regional and local levels. Drawing on the literature concerning effective PES and on more than 30 case studies from both developed and developing countries, this book aims to identify good practice in the design and implementation of PES programmes so as to enhance their environmental and cost effectiveness. It addresses the following questions: Why are PES useful and how do they work? How can they be made most effective environmentally and how can their cost-effectiveness be maximised? What are the different potential sources of finance for PES programmes, and how can they be secured? and What are the lessons learned from existing PES programmes and insights for future programmes, including international PES?
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  • 60
    ISBN: 9789282102763
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (112 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Drogues au volant ; Détection et dissuasion
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Drogues au volant : Détection et dissuasion
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Transport ; Trunkenheit ; Verkehr ; Drogenkonsum ; Verkehr
    Kurzfassung: Driving while impaired by drugs – whether licit or illicit – has emerged as an important road safety issue. This report provides a state-of-the-art review of the role and impact of drugs in road accident risk. It reviews the legislation, deterrence and roadside detection practices in member countries as well as preventative measures to combat drug use while driving. It provides recommendations on strategies to adopt in addressing this issue, with a view to contributing to a safe system approach and saving further lives on the roads.
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  • 61
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264095113
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (108 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Better Regulation in Europe
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Mieux légiférer en Europe ; Luxembourg 2010
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Mieux légiférer en Europe : Luxembourg 2010
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Regulierung ; Luxemburg ; Governance ; Luxembourg ; Luxemburg ; Wirtschaft ; Regulierung
    Kurzfassung: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Luxembourg, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 62
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264084575
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Serie: Better Regulation in Europe
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Regulierung ; Portugal ; Governance ; Portugal ; Portugal ; Regulierung ; Volkswirtschaft
    Kurzfassung: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Portugal, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 63
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264077225
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (278 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. L'éco-innovation dans l'industrie ; favoriser la croissance verte
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. L'éco-innovation dans l'industrie : favoriser la croissance verte
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Eco-innovation in industry
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Industrie ; Innovationsmanagement ; Umwelttechnik ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Industrie ; Nachhaltigkeit ; OECD
    Kurzfassung: Eco-innovation will be a key driver of industry efforts to tackle climate change and realise “green growth” in the post-Kyoto era. Eco-innovation calls for faster introduction of breakthrough technologies and for more systemic application of available solutions, including non-technological ones. It also offers opportunities to involve new players, develop new industries and increase competitiveness. Structural change in economies will be imperative in coming decades. This book presents the research and analysis carried out during the first phase of the OECD Project on Sustainable Manufacturing and Eco-innovation. Its aim is to provide benchmarking tools on sustainable manufacturing and to spur eco-innovation through better understanding of innovation mechanisms. It reviews the concepts and forms an analytical framework; analyses the nature and processes of eco-innovation; discusses existing sustainable manufacturing indicators; examines methodologies for measuring eco-innovation; and takes stock of national strategies and policy initiatives for eco-innovation.
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  • 64
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264095076
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Better Regulation in Europe
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Regulierung ; Spanien ; Governance ; Spain ; Spanien ; Regulierung
    Kurzfassung: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Spain, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 65
    ISBN: 9789264088757
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (368 p.)
    Serie: Reviews of National Policies for Education
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education; Kyrgyz Republic 2010; Lessons from PISA (Russian version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education: Kyrgyz Republic 2010: Lessons from PISA (Russian version)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Kyrgyz Republic 2010
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Bildungspolitik ; Kirgisistan ; Education ; Kyrgyzstan ; Kirgisien ; Bildungssystem ; Bildungspolitik
    Kurzfassung: The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a highly influential instrument for monitoring the quality of education systems and provides a strong evidence base for informed policy making and education research. PISA also has a proven potential to trigger reforms and stimulate stakeholder involvement in the process. Notwithstanding the importance of its ranking, the full strength of PISA unfolds when data it delivers is utilised in the national policy domain. Linking PISA outcomes and policy choices, and monitoring the impact on education quality is thereby a demanding task, which requires sound analytical capacity, and also knowledge of the strengths and weaknesses of the respective education system. The OECD Directorate for Education addresses the demand of non-member economies for policy support in understanding and analysing PISA data in the broader context of education system management and policy formulation. This report explains the reasons for the dramatically low performance of Kyrgyz students in the 2006 PISA survey, despite significant resources and efforts invested in education by schools, parents and government. The report reveals that a number of policy areas are in need of urgent attention and recommends ways to close the currently existing gap between aspirations and education reform achievement.
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  • 66
    ISBN: 9789264087095
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (136 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Principes de l'OCDE sur la réglementation des pensions professionnelles ; Méthodologie pour l'évaluation et la mise en œuvre
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Principes de l'OCDE sur la réglementation des pensions professionnelles : Méthodologie pour l'évaluation et la mise en œuvre
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD principles of occupational pension regulation
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Betriebliche Altersversorgung ; Regulierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Betriebliche Altersversorgung ; OECD ; Evaluation
    Kurzfassung: Occupational pensions play a major role in OECD countries and worldwide, complementing retirement income from state sources. At the end of 2009, private pension savings reached USD 25 trillion. Population ageing has led many OECD countries to undertake a wide range of pension reforms – the overall effect of which has been to reduce public pension promises and, in turn, to increase the importance of private pension savings for retirement. The Core Principles cover seven key areas: i) Conditions for effective regulation and supervision; ; ii) Establishment of pension plans, pension funds, and pension fund managing companies; iii) Pension plan liabilities, funding rules, winding up, and insurance; iv) Asset Management; v) Rights of members and beneficiaries and adequacy of benefits; vi) Governance; and vii) Supervision. Each of the seven core principles consists of a main text and a set of implementing guidelines. In the case of the core principle of supervision, the supporting guidelines integrate the IOPS Principles of Private Pension Supervision. The Methodology provides a structured approach for evaluating a jurisdiction’s occupational pension regulatory system in relation to the OECD Core Principles of Occupational Pension Regulation.
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9789264094635
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD The impacts of nanotechnology on companies
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Nanotechnologie ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Technologiepolitik ; Innovationsmanagement ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Nanotechnologie ; Markt ; Wirtschaftswachstum
    Kurzfassung: Nanotechnology has its origin in the converging abilities of physics, chemistry and materials science. Its purpose is the manipulation of atoms and molecules in order to create new properties of materials and systems for a wide variety of applications in a very broad range of sectors. Nanotechnology is forecast to create large markets and many new jobs and may be the springboard for industrial renewal and long-term growth. Governments around the world have targeted this emerging technology in their R&D investments and are strategising about the best ways to promote the responsible development and use of nanotechnology given the absence of any in-depth analysis of its commercialisation. What are the potential economic impacts of nanotechnology, how are companies using nanotechnology for innovation, and what are the key challenges in its commercialisation? These are some of the issues that this book addresses, based on a large number of company case studies in several countries.
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  • 68
    ISBN: 9789264095830
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Open for business
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Unternehmer ; Unternehmensgründung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Industry and Services ; Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Entrepreneurship ; Einwanderer ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Kurzfassung: Migrants contribute to the economic growth of their host countries in many ways, bringing new skills and competencies with them and helping to reduce labour shortages. An aspect that has received only limited attention up to now is migrants’ contribution to entrepreneurial activity and employment creation in their host countries. In OECD countries, entrepreneurship is slightly higher among immigrants than natives and the total number of persons employed in migrant businesses is substantial, although the survival rate of these businesses is often lower than that of their native counterparts. Migrant entrepreneurship has gone beyond traditional ethnic businesses, into a wide range of sectors and innovative areas. Greater knowledge of migrant entrepreneurship is essential if policy makers are to better support migrant enterprises and their role in economic growth and job creation. In addition, increasing awareness of the positive role that migrants can play as entrepreneurs could contribute to a more balanced public debate on immigration. Taking a cross-country perspective, this publication sheds light on these issues and more, discussing policy options to foster the development and success of migrant businesses. It is a compilation of papers presented at a June 2010 conference organised by the OECD Secretariat, with the financial support of the Swedish and Turkish authorities, and the Dutch-Turkish Businessmen Association (HOTIAD).
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  • 69
    ISBN: 9789264089846
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (191 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Higher Education in Regional and City Development
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Germany
    Kurzfassung: Berlin is a creative city attracting talent from around the world. The Berlin Senate has made great strides in developing innovation as a pillar of its economy. But challenges remain: there is long-term unemployment, a low absorptive capacity in small and medium-sized enterprises and a large migrant population that lags behind in educational and labour market outcomes. How can Berlin’s higher education institutions capitalise on their long tradition of professionally relevant learning and research to transform social, economic and environmental challenges into assets and opportunities? What incentives are needed to improve higher education institutions´ regional and local orientation? This publication explores a range of helpful policy measures and institutional reforms to mobilise higher education for Berlin’s development. It is part of the series of the OECD reviews of Higher Education in Regional and City Development. These reviews help mobilise higher education institutions for economic, social and cultural development of cities and regions. They analyse how the higher education system impacts upon regional and local development and bring together universities, other higher education institutions and public and private agencies to identify strategic goals and to work towards them.
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  • 70
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    Online-Ressource
    Seoul : OECD/Korea Policy Centre, Korea
    ISBN: 9789264105133
    Sprache: Koreanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (204 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Health at a Glance 2009; OECD Indicators
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Panorama de la santé 2009 ; Les indicateurs de l'OCDE
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Gesundheit auf einen Blick 2009; OECD-Indikatoren
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Health at a Glance 2009: OECD Indicators
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Panorama de la santé 2009 : Les indicateurs de l'OCDE
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Gesundheit auf einen Blick 2009: OECD-Indikatoren
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: 질병 예방 및 치료의 발달로 OECD 국가들은 최근 수십 년간 평균수명과 삶의 질에서 괄목할 만한 개선을 이룰 수 있었다. 동시에 의료비도 계속 증가하여 앖으며, 의료비가 국민소득 에서 차지하는 비중 역시 계속 늘어앖다: 현재 GDP대비 국민의료비는 OECD 국가 평균 9% 내외를 차지하는데, 1970년에는 5%를 갓 넘는 수준이었다. 한눈에 보는 보건지표 제 5판인 이 책은 OECD 국가 의료제도의 성과의 여러 측면에 대한 비교 가능한 최근의 데이터를 제공한다. 의료제도의 비용, 활동, 결과가 국가 간에 광범위한 변이를 가짐을 분명히 보여준다. 주요 지표들은 건강상태, 건강의 결정요인, 보건의료 활동 그리고 의료비 및 재원조달에 대한 정 보를 제공한다. 이번 판은 또한 OECD 국가들의 중요한 정책목표인 보건의료인력과 의료접근성 대해서도 다뤘다. 보건의료의 질에 대한 장에서는 만성질환에 대한 보건의료의 질을 나타낼수 있는 지표를 새로 포함시켰다. 이 책의 각 지표들은 독자들이 편하게 볼 수 있도록 제시되었는데, 국가 상호간 및 경시적 차이 를 나타내는 차트, 데이터가 제공하는 주요 시사점에 초점을 맞춘 간단한 분석적 설명, 지표의 정의 및 데이터 비교에 있어서의 한계점에 관한 방법론 박스로 구성되어 있다. 부록은 OECD국 가에서 의료제도가 작동하는 인구학적·경제적 구조에 대한 정보를 추가적으로 제공하고 있으며 의료제도의 재원 및 서비스 전달에서의 핵심 특징들을 간추리고 있다.
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  • 71
    ISBN: 9789264084544
    Sprache: Koreanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (224 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews; Trans-border Urban Co-operation in the Pan Yellow Sea Region, 2009
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews: Trans-border Urban Co-operation in the Pan Yellow Sea Region, 2009
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Kurzfassung: 환황해권은 중국 북부 해안지역(환발해만), 한국의 남해안과 서해안 지역, 일본 서남 해안지역(규슈)을 포괄한다. 1990년대 초반에 중국이 개방된 이후, 환황해권은 광범위한 제조·운송네트워크를기반으로동아시아에서가장급속도로경제성장을이룩하고있는지역이다 중국의다롄 칭다오 톈진과한국의부산 인천 그리고일본의후쿠오카 기타큐슈가이지역의발전을주도하고있다 그러나환황해권은보유한자산과성장잠재력을충분히활용하지못하고있다 지역내과도한경쟁과미흡한거버넌스시스템구축으로인하여경제통합은큰진전을보이지못하고있다 이지역의운송체제 특히컨테이너운송시장이통합되기위해서는구조적변화가필요하다 사회적·문화적네트워크강화도여전히풀어나가야할과제로남아있고 환경문제역시중요한의제로점차대두되고있다 본보고서는이러한요인들을분석하고 환황해권의경쟁력과통합향상을위한다양한정책을평가한다 본보고서는특히1990년대이후지역정책의핵심의제로떠오르고있는환황해권의초국경적거버넌스체계를검토한다 지역당국간화합은경제성장을도모하고역내다양한문제를해결하기위한전제조건이된다 유럽의OECD 회원국간초국경적협력과북미국가간초국경적협력에대한비교분석도부록에기술되어있다 본보고서는초국경적개발혹은아시아경제개발을목적으로활동하는정책입안자 연구원 비정부기구의관심을충족시켜줄것이다 환황해권내초국경적도시간협력에관한지역정책보고서는OECD 지역개발정책위원회(Territorial Development Policy Committee)가담당하는국가지역정책보고서프로그램의일부이다 지역정책보고서시리즈는국가중앙정부에실질적인정책조언을제공하는일을목적으로한다 과거초국경적협력사례연구로는외레순덴마크스웨덴 지역과비엔나브라티슬라바오스트리아슬로바키아가있다.
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  • 72
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    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264085961
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Better Regulation in Europe; Germany 2010
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Better Regulation in Europe: Germany 2010
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Germany
    Kurzfassung: Wie wichtig eine wirkungsvolle Rechtsetzung ist, zeigt sich heute, nach dem schwersten Konjunkturabschwung seit der Großen Depression, deutlicher denn je. Doch wie kann bessere Rechtsetzung die wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Aussichten der Länder im Einzelnen verbessern, dauerhaftes Wachstum fördern und die Widerstandsfähigkeit der Volkswirtschaften stärken? Was genau ist wirkungsvolle Rechtsetzung? Wie sollte sich die Politik für bessere Rechtsetzung im kommenden Jahrzehnt gestalten und in welche Richtung sollte sie gehen? Um auf diese Fragen zu antworten, hat die OECD in Partnerschaft mit der Europäischen Kommission ein großes Projekt zur Prüfung der Bemühungen um bessere Rechtsetzung in 15 in der Europäischen Union vertretenen OECD-Ländern – darunter auch Deutschland – gestartet. In jedem Bericht werden die zentralen Elemente dargestellt und analysiert, die zusammengenommen für ein effektives Regulierungsmanagement sorgen, womit ein Rahmen für die künftige Entwicklung von Regulierungspolitik und -reform aufgezeichnet wird. Untersucht werden u.a. folgende Fragen: · Strategien und Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung des Regulierungsmanagements · Institutionelle Kapazitäten für wirkungsvolle Rechtsetzung und allgemeiner Kontext der politischen Entscheidungsfindung · Transparenz und Verfahren für wirkungsvolle Konsultation und Kommunikation mit der Öffentlichkeit · Verfahren für die Ausarbeitung neuer Rechtsvorschriften, wie z.B. Folgenabschätzungen, und für den Umgang mit dem Regelungsbestand, einschließlich der Frage der Bürokratielasten · Rechtsbefolgungsgrad, Rechtsvollzug und Rechtsmittel · Beziehungen zwischen verschiedenen Verwaltungsebenen sowie zwischen nationalen und EU-Verfahren Die Teilnehmerländer sind: Belgien, Dänemark, Deutschland, Finnland, Frankreich, Griechenland, Irland, Italien, Luxemburg, Niederlande, Österreich, Portugal, Schweden, Spanien und Vereinigtes Königreich.
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  • 73
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 54 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Environment Working Papers no.13
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: Debates exist between those who claim that environmental policy will impose additional burdens and costs on industries, thus impairing their competitiveness, and those who claim that improved environmental performance can spur competitiveness. These arguments often surface when new environmental policy regulation are considered, e.g. when the REACH Directive was introduced in Europe, or when a government is considering the introduction of a carbon tax. The report develops a conceptual framework to shed some light on this difficult debate. Competitiveness impacts of environmental policies may derive from the policy itself, or from the improvements of the environmental performance that derives from the policy. These impacts can be analysed at either firm or industry levels; they may differ over the short and long term. Globalisation, with the increasing role of MNEs and mobile capital and labour, is adding more complexity. This framework is used to decipher some of the messages that come out of empirical studies on these issues. Empirical evidence is mixed, and the paper identifies methodological and substantive reasons why empirical research fails to determine the relationship between environmental policy and competitiveness. Lessons derive from this literature review. Typically, even when implementing the environmental policy is clearly in the overall interest of society, the costs and benefits of the policy are unlikely to be equally shared among economic agents. While some win, individual firms or industries may stand to lose. Policy design should make sure that the adverse competitiveness impacts are not unnecessarily large, for example by paying attention to predictability, transition periods, and transaction costs. Specific measures to support the losers in their adjustment can also be developed. Sometimes measures to mitigate the adverse competitiveness impacts of an environmental policy are necessary to achieve political support for the policy. In those instances, the planned measures should be carefully analysed from several angles to ensure that they do not inadvertently hurt the efficiency and effectiveness of the original policy. More work is required to further explore these issues, which are consequential for the design, the implementation and the enforcement of environmental policies.
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  • 74
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264091016
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (23 p)
    Serie: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 487 ; Essai in vitro de micronoyaux sur cellules de mammifères
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 487 : Essai in vitro de micronoyaux sur cellules de mammifères
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: The in vitro micronucleus test is a genotoxicity test for the detection of micronuclei in the cytoplasm of interphase cells. Micronuclei may originate from acentric chromosome fragments (i.e. lacking a centromere), or whole chromosomes that are unable to migrate to the poles during the anaphase stage of cell division. The assay detects the activity of clastogenic and aneugenic test substances in cells that have undergone cell division during or after exposure to the test substance. This Test Guideline allows the use of protocols with and without the actin polymerisation inhibitor cytochalasin B. Cytochalasin B allows for the identification and selective analysis of micronucleus frequency in cells that have completed one mitosis, because such cells are binucleate. This Test Guideline also allows the use of protocols without cytokinesis block provided there is evidence that the cell population analysed has undergone mitosis.
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  • 75
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    Online-Ressource
    ManilaaParis : Asian Development BankaOECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264086005
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (300 p.)
    Serie: ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
    Schlagwort(e): Governance
    Kurzfassung: Asian-Pacific countries have made significant efforts to address weaknesses in their procurement frameworks and practices. To support these efforts and to assist the ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative’s 28 member countries in strengthening their public-procurement mechanisms, the Initiative conducted a Regional Seminar on Fighting Bribery in Public Procurement in November 2007. This volume compiles the experience that experts from Asian and Pacific countries – as well as beyond the region – shared during the seminar. It is addressed to policy makers and experts who wish to learn from other countries’ experiences in strengthening frameworks to protect public procurement from bribery and corruption risks.
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  • 76
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264090897
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (25 p)
    Serie: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 223 ; Oiseaux, essai de toxicité orale aigue͏̈
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 223 : Oiseaux, essai de toxicité orale aigue͏̈
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: This Test Guideline describes procedures designed to estimate the acute oral toxicity of substances to birds, and it provides three testing options: (1) limit dose test, (2) LD50-slope test, and (3) LD50-only test. The LD50-slope and LD50-only options are sequential testing procedures. The test method selected will depend on whether or not a definitive median dose (LD50) and slope of the dose-response curve are both needed. The limit dose test is the preferred test when toxicity is expected to be low and lethality is unlikely at the limit dose. The limit dose should be adequate for assessment purposes, and it is usually 2000 mg/kg-bwt. Five or ten birds are tested at the limit dose in addition to a control group. The LD50-slope test is the preferred test when regulatory or other requirements determine that the slope of the dose-response curve and/or the confidence interval is required in addition to an estimate of the LD50. This is a 3- or 4-stage test with 24 or 34 birds in addition to a control group. The LD50-only test is the preferred test when regulatory or other requirements determine that only the median lethal dose is required but neither the slope of the dose response curve or the confidence interval for the LD50 is required. This may be the appropriate test to estimate a percentile of a species sensitivity distribution of LD50s and to provide information for product labelling purposes. This test has two stages, with 14 birds in addition to a control group. Software to be used with TG 223. Click here. Software not part of the Mutual Acceptance of Data.
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  • 77
    ISBN: 9789264085862
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (57 p)
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food
    Kurzfassung: This report complements earlier OECD work on liquid biofuels and provides information on biomass based heat and power, as well as on biogas. It discusses the heterogeneous portfolio of different biomass feedstocks, conversion technologies, and pathways of utilisation. It also shows that governments in many countries provide substantial support to the production and use of renewable energy in general, and bioenergy in particular; these support measures are highly diverse and are given at national and various sub-national levels. The results of a large number of life-cycle analyses of various bioheat and biopower chains reviewed in this study indicate that the objective to reduce GHG emissions and fossil energy use is met; indeed the savings estimated for most chains are substantial when compared to fossil alternatives. At present, most of the chains examined do not compete with food and feed production, and thus the implications for agricultural markets are small. It is clear, however, that if a stronger focus on agricultural biomass crops is to be developed, this will require careful design of support policies so as to avoid compromising the ability of the agricultural sector to provide food and feed in a sustainable manner.
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  • 78
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789282102824
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (238 p.) , ill.
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9789264086265
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (48 p)
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology
    Kurzfassung: The international symposium entitled “Opportunities and Challenges in theEmerging Field of Synthetic Biology” was held in July 2009 in Washington, DCunder the auspices of the United States National Academies, the Organisationfor Economic Co-operation and Development and the Royal Society.
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9789264088320
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Integrating Climate Change Adaptation into Development Co-operation; Policy Guidance
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Adaptation au changement climatique et coopération pour le développement ; Document d'orientation
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Integração da Adaptação às Alterações Climáticas na Cooperação para o Desenvolvimento; Guia para o Desenvolvimento de Políticas
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Integrating Climate Change Adaptation into Development Co-operation: Policy Guidance
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Adaptation au changement climatique et coopération pour le développement : Document d'orientation
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Integração da Adaptação às Alterações Climáticas na Cooperação para o Desenvolvimento: Guia para o Desenvolvimento de Políticas
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Development
    Kurzfassung: El cambio climático es una amenaza seria y a largo plazo que puede afectar a cualquier parte del mundo. Su impacto negativo golpeará a los países pobres y a las capas de población más desfavorecidas de manera desproporcionada, complicando aún más el logro de sus objetivos de desarrollo. La guía Integración de la Adaptación en la Cooperación para el Desarrollo ofrece información esencial y consejos sobre cómo facilitar la integración de la adaptación al cambio climático en los procesos de desarrollo. Los objetivos de esta guía son los siguientes: i) facilitar la comprensión de las implicaciones del cambio climático en la práctica del desarrollo y promover la necesidad asociada de integrar la adaptación al cambio climático en las políticas y prácticas de desarrollo tanto de los organismos de cooperación como de los países socios, ii) identificar los enfoques más adecuados para integrar la adaptación al cambio climático en las políticas de desarrollo a nivel nacional, sectorial y de proyecto, tanto en zonas urbanas como en zonas rurales, y iii) determinar modalidades prácticas para que los donantes apoyen a los países socios en sus esfuerzos para reducir su vulnerabilidad a la variabilidad climática y el cambio climático. Aunque los esfuerzos por integrar la adaptación al cambio climático ha de ser dirigido por los países socios, los donantes internacionales tienen un papel crítico que desempeñar en el apoyo a esos esfuerzos. Esta guía para la orientación de políticas está destinada especialmente a responsables políticos, a profesionales de organismos de cooperación al desarrollo y sus contrapartes en los gobiernos de los países, y a otras partes interesadas, tales como organizaciones no gubernamentales.
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  • 81
    Online-Ressource
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    Madrid : Instituto Nacional de Administración Pública (INAP), Spain
    ISBN: 9789264055735
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (244 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Comparing Administrative Burdens across Countries
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Industry and Services ; Belgium ; Canada ; Denmark ; France ; Germany ; Italy ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Sweden ; Turkey
    Kurzfassung: Reducir la burocracia para mejorar la actividad empresarial se ha vuelto una prioridad en los países de la OCDE. Este estudio piloto mide y compara internacionalmente las cargas administrativas en el sector de transporte por carretera en once países miembros de la OCDE: Alemania, Bélgica, Canadá, Dinamarca, Francia, Holanda, Italia, Noruega, Nueva Zelanda, Suecia y Turquía. El objetivo del ejercicio es doble: identificar las buenas prácticas y proporcionar aportaciones para la simplificación de las estrategias nacionales, y desarrollar y probar un modelo para la comparación internacional.La medición, la cuantificación y la elaboración de políticas basada en evidencia son características que están predominando la estrategia en muchos países. Al estandarizar la metodología para la medición nacional, se puede realizar comparaciones internacionales. Así se facilita la identificación de buenas prácticas, las cuales pueden ser usadas para desarrollar estrategias de simplificación.
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  • 82
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264080331 , 9264080325
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (176 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Government at a Glance 2009
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Panorama des administrations publiques 2009
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Panorama de las Administraciones Públicas 2009
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Uno sguardo sulla pubblica amministrazione 2009
    Schlagwort(e): Governance
    Kurzfassung: Nach dem schwersten Konjunkturabschwung seit der Großen Depression ist eine wirkungsvolle Rechtsetzung wichtiger denn je. Doch wie kann bessere Rechtsetzung die wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Aussichten verbessern, dauerhaftes Wachstum fördern und die Widerstandsfähigkeit der deutschen Volkswirtschaft stärken? Was genau ist wirkungsvolle Rechtsetzung? Deutsche Fassung der im Oktober 2009 erschienenen Publikation "Government at a Glance".
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9789264087682
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Improving Schools; Strategies for Action in Mexico
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Improving Schools: Strategies for Action in Mexico
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Mexico
    Kurzfassung: Este reporte desarrolla conocimientos comparados sobre reformas en política docente y gestión y liderazgo escolar en el contexto de un país miembro de la OCDE: México. Los resultados educativos en México pueden mejorar si se refuerza la eficacia de sus escuelas. La brecha en estándares entre el desempeño de los estudiantes en México y otros países de la OCDE sólo puede ser reducida si las escuelas se vuelven buenas en lo que hacen. Este reporte analiza las áreas fundamentales y los retos a los que se enfrenta el sistema educativo mexicano, y provee recomendaciones de políticas públicas en las áreas de gestión, liderazgo escolar y política docente. Estas recomendaciones han sido desarrolladas considerando los resultados, la calidad, los estándares educativos y de las escuelas en México en términos de lo que se sabe a nivel internacional sobre las escuelas eficaces. El resultado es una serie de recomendaciones adaptadas al contexto mexicano. El reporte tiene dos audiencias: Busca apoyar al gobierno de México y a los actores clave del sistema educativo en el desarrollo de una visión común de largo plazo y de políticas en las áreas de gestión escolar, liderazgo escolar, participación social, así como en políticas de selección, formación inicial, desarrollo profesional y evaluación de docentes en México. A su vez, ofrece conocimientos valiosos sobre desarrollo e implementación de políticas educativas para otros países miembros y asociados de la OCDE que se encuentran en procesos de reforma de sus sistemas educativos.
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  • 84
    Online-Ressource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264094857
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (143 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Better Aid
    Schlagwort(e): Development
    Kurzfassung: The evaluation of official development programmes has grown tremendously over the past two decades; the public and taxpayers increasingly demand credible assessments of whether aid “works” to improve the lives of the world’s poorest. Global efforts to hold donors and partners accountable for the outcomes of development co-operation have also contributed to the growing interest in evaluation. In this context, this study describes the role and management of evaluation in development agencies and multilateral banks, based on questionnaires, findings from peer reviews by the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC), interviews and a literature review. The study includes information about the specific institutional settings, resources, policies and practices of each of the DAC Evaluation Network’s 32 members. The study identifies major trends and current challenges in development evaluation, covering: human and financial resources, institutional set-ups and policies, independence of the evaluation function, reporting and use of evaluation findings, management response systems, donor co-ordination, joint evaluation, and the involvement of partner countries in evaluation work. This study is part of the DAC Network on Development Evaluation’s ongoing efforts to increase the effectiveness of development co-operation policies and programmes by promoting high-quality, independent evaluation.
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  • 85
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264092198
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (190 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Conflict and Fragility
    Schlagwort(e): Development
    Kurzfassung: Fragile states lag far behind meeting the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015, representing 75% of the MDG deficit. Fragile states already lacked the institutional strength to adequately respond to both financial and environmental shocks. The effects of three consecutive and inter-related shocks – food, fuel and the secondary effects of the financial crisis – risk reversing progress achieved by some post-conflict states, and further entrenching insecurity in others. Although official development assistance to fragile states is growing in real terms, it is increasingly concentrated, and half of fragile states face the prospects of declining aid. There is a need to maintain aid levels and meet aid pledges, but also to improve the quality of support to fragile states. This report serves as a tool to better monitor the levels, timing and composition of resource flows to fragile states, and presents salient facts on aid flows to fragile states, the impact on fragile states of the three crises and the need for a whole-of-government response.
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  • 86
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Santiago de Chile : Universidad Catolica Cardenal Raul Silva Henriquez, Chile
    ISBN: 9789567947928
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (425 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Understanding the Brain; The Birth of a Learning Science
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Comprendre le cerveau ; Naissance d'une science de l'apprentissage
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Understanding the Brain: The Birth of a Learning Science
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Comprendre le cerveau : Naissance d'une science de l'apprentissage
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Esta obra proporciona nuevas perspectivas acerca del aprendizaje, se sintetizan los hallazgos existentes y en surgimiento de la ciencia cognitiva y del cerebro, y explora cómo esta nueva información puede impactar la enseñanza, la crianza y la elaboración de política educativa. El libro muestra que las más recientes técnicas de imagenología cerebral y otros avances en las neurociencias revelan realmente acerca de cómo el cerebro se desarrolla y funciona en las distintas etapas desde el nacimiento hasta la vejez y cómo el cerebro se relaciona al adquirir competencias tales como la lectura y el cálculo. También se presentan perspectivas científicas de lo que sucede cuando el cerebro padece enfermedades como la dislexia o el mal de Alzheimer.
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  • 87
    ISBN: 9789264090934
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (30 p)
    Serie: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 3
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 317 ; Bioaccumulation chez les oligochètes terrestres
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Essai n 317 : Bioaccumulation chez les oligochètes terrestres
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: This Test Guideline describes procedures designed to assess bioaccumulation of chemicals in soil oligochaetes. The parameters which characterise the bioaccumulation of a substance include the bioaccumulation factor (BAF), the uptake rate constant (ks) and the elimination rate constant (ke). The test consists of two phases: the uptake (exposure) phase and the elimination (post-exposure) phase. An elimination phase is always required unless uptake of the test substance during the exposure phase has been insignificant. The test organisms are exposed to the test substance during the uptake phase. The test substance is incorporated into the soil; it is recommended to use the artificial soil described in the OECD Test Guideline 207 (Earthworm, acute toxicity test). The uptake phase should be of 14 days (enchytraeids) or 21 days (earthworms) unless it is demonstrated that steady state has been reached. For the elimination phase, the worms are transferred to a soil free of test substance. The elimination phase is generally of 21 days.
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  • 88
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264086319
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Serie: Educational Research and Innovation
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. L'éducation, un levier pour améliorer la santé et la cohésion sociale
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Gesundheitserziehung
    Kurzfassung: Today’s global policy climate underlines the importance of better addressing non-economic dimensions of well-being and social progress such as health, social engagement, political interest and crime. Education plays an important role in shaping indicators of progress. However, we understand little about the causal effects, the causal pathways, the role of contexts and the relative impacts that different educational interventions have on social outcomes. This report addresses challenges in assessing the social outcomes of learning by providing a synthesis of the existing evidence, original data analyses and policy discussions. The report finds that education has the potential to promote health as well as civic and social engagement. Education may reduce inequalities by fostering cognitive, social and emotional skills and promoting healthy lifestyles, participatory practices and norms. These efforts are most likely to be successful when family and community environments are aligned with the efforts made in educational institutions. This calls for ensuring policy coherence across sectors and stages of education.
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  • 89
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Madrid : Ministry of Health, Spain
    ISBN: 9789264083875
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (196 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Health at a Glance 2007; OECD Indicators
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Panorama de la santé 2007 ; Les indicateurs de l'OCDE
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Gesundheit auf einen Blick 2007; OECD-Indikatoren
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Health at a Glance 2007; OECD Indicators (Korean version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Health at a Glance 2007: OECD Indicators
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Panorama de la santé 2007 : Les indicateurs de l'OCDE
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Gesundheit auf einen Blick 2007: OECD-Indikatoren
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Health at a Glance 2007: OECD Indicators (Korean version)
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Esta cuarta edición del Panorama de la salud ofrece los últimos datos comparables y las tendencias en diferentes aspectos del funcionamiento de los sistemas sanitarios en los países de la OCDE. Proporciona evidencia de la existencia de grandes variaciones entre los países en los indicadores del estado de salud y factores de riesgo. Por primera vez, esta publicación incluye un capítulo sobre los nuevos indicadores de calidad de los cuidados mostrando las variaciones entre países en datos como son las tasas de supervivencia después de un ataque cardíaco, accidente cerebrovascular y el cáncer.En el libro cada indicador se presenta en un formato de fácil uso, compuesto de gráficos que muestran las variaciones entre países y en el tiempo, un breve análisis descriptivo, destacando las principales conclusiones sugeridas por los datos, y un cuadro metodológico sobre la definición del indicador. En la publicación se incluye un anexo estadístico con información adicional para la mayoría de los indicadores; a menudo se presentan series temporales desde 1960. Esta publicación se basa en la información disponible en la OECD Health Data 2007, constituyendo el conjunto más completo de estadísticas e indicadores que permite la comparación de los sistemas sanitarios en los 30 países miembros de la OCDE. La publicación también incluye un enlace interactivo (StatLink) que remitiendo al lector a una página web en la que encontrará las estadísticas y las gráficas correspondientes en formato Excel.
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  • 90
    ISBN: 9789264096158
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (336 p.)
    Serie: Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Safety assessment of transgenic organisms ; Vol. 4
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Transgene Pflanzen ; Umweltgefährdung ; Risikoanalyse
    Kurzfassung: The books on “Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms” constitute a compilation of the OECD Biosafety Consensus Documents. When published, Volume 1 and 2 contained the documents issued before 2006; Volume 3 and 4 are a continuation of the compilation up to 2010. The OECD Biosafety Consensus Documents identify elements of scientific information used in the environmental safety and risk assessment of transgenic organisms which are common to OECD member countries and some non members associated with the work. This is intended to encourage information sharing, promote harmonised practices, and prevent duplication of effort among countries. These books offer ready access to those consensus documents which have been issued on the website thus far. As such, it should be of value to applicants for commercial uses of transgenic organisms (crops, trees, microorganisms), to regulators and risk assessors in national authorities, as well as the wider scientific community. More information on the OECD's work related to the biosafety of transgenic organisms is found at BioTrack Online (http://www.oecd.org/biotrack).
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  • 91
    Online-Ressource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264088726
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (428 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Advancing the aquaculture agenda
    Schlagwort(e): Aquakultur ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Aquakultur ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Fischereipolitik
    Kurzfassung: Aquaculture now provides more than 50% of the global supply of fisheries products for direct human consumption. This conference proceedings addresses key policy challenges of the aquaculture sector. Policy makers, academics, industry representatives, NGOs and international organisations gathered to discuss the critical economic, environmental and social aspects of aquaculture. This publication presents a selection of key issues covered by the workshop and includes a large number of country case studies, which provide specific examples of national approaches to aquaculture management.
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  • 92
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264084865
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (268 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. L'obésité et l'économie de la prévention ; Objectif santé
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. L'obésité et l'économie de la prévention : Objectif santé
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Sassi, Franco Obesity and the economics of prevention
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Körpergewicht ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Übergewicht ; Wirtschaftliche Situation ; Prävention ; Fettsucht ; Prävention ; Gesundheitsökonomie
    Kurzfassung: Before 1980, rates were generally well below 10%. They have since doubled or tripled in many countries, and in almost half of the OECD, 50% or more of the population is overweight. A key risk factor for numerous chronic diseases, obesity is a major public health concern. This book contributes to evidence-based policy making by exploring multiple dimensions of the obesity problem. It examines the scale and characteristics of the epidemic, the respective roles and influence of market forces and governments, and the impact of interventions. It outlines an economic approach to the prevention of chronic diseases that provides novel insights relative to a more traditional public health approach. The analysis was undertaken by the OECD, partly in collaboration with the World Health Organization. The main chapters are complemented by special contributions from health and obesity experts, including Marc Suhrcke, Tim Lobstein, Donald Kenkel and Francesco Branca. “a valuable set of results and suggestions about the best preventive interventions to reduce the burden of obesity.” – Julio Frenk, Dean, Harvard School of Public Health “The positive message of this book is that the obesity epidemic can be successfully addressed.” – Ala Alwan, Assistant Director-General, World Health Organization “innovative and well-researched” – Martin McKee, Professor, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine "A timely, valuable volume on a critical issue. Highly recommended."-Choice, July 2011
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  • 93
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264088818
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Optimiser les dépenses de santé
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Value for money in health spending
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Gesundheitskosten ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Gesundheitsausgaben ; Reform ; Kostendämpfung
    Kurzfassung: Health spending continues to rise inexorably, growing faster than the economy in most OECD countries. Most of this spending comes from the public purse. Given the recent economic downturn, countries are looking for ways to improve the efficiency of health spending. This publication examines current efforts to improve health care efficiency, including tools that show promise in helping health systems provide the best care for their money, such as pay for performance, co-ordination of care, health technology assessment and clinical guidelines, pharmaceutical re-imbursement and risk-sharing agreements, and information and communication technology.
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  • 94
    ISBN: 9789264091344
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (356 p.)
    Serie: Reviews of National Policies for Education
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Avaliações de Políticas Nacionais de Educação; Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Avaliações de Políticas Nacionais de Educação: Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Santa Catarina State, Brazil
    Schlagwort(e): Bildungspolitik ; Santa Catarina ; Education ; Brazil ; Santa Catarina ; Bildungspolitik ; Bildungswesen
    Kurzfassung: Education is a central priority for the State of Santa Catarina. Its policy makers are firmly committed to provide a relevant and efficient education system that responds to the requirements of the global economy and will allow the state to be competitive, both nationally and internationally . This OECD review gives a brief overview of education in Santa Catarina and its development. It presents an analysis of the system from pre-school to tertiary education and lifelong learning, and identifies key directions for policy reform in light of the challenges encountered by officials, communities, enterprises, educators, parents and students. It concludes with a set of key recommendations concerning the structure of the system and its labour market relevance; access and equity; governance and management; research, development and innovation; internationalisation; and financing.
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  • 95
    ISBN: 9789264091450
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (276 p.)
    Serie: PISA
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Résultats du PISA 2009 ; Savoirs et savoir-faire des élèves ; Performance des élèves en compréhension de l'écrit, en mathématiques et en sciences (Volume I)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. PISA 2009 Ergebnisse; Was Schülerinnen und Schüler wissen und können; Schülerleistungen in Lesekompetenz, Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften (Band 1)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Informe PISA 2009; Lo que los estudiantes saben y pueden hacer ; Rendimiento de los estudiantes en lectura, matemáticas y ciencias
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Résultats du PISA 2009 : Savoirs et savoir-faire des élèves : Performance des élèves en compréhension de l'écrit, en mathématiques et en sciences (Volume I)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. PISA 2009 Ergebnisse: Was Schülerinnen und Schüler wissen und können: Schülerleistungen in Lesekompetenz, Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften (Band 1)
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Informe PISA 2009: Lo que los estudiantes saben y pueden hacer : Rendimiento de los estudiantes en lectura, matemáticas y ciencias
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: This first volume of PISA 2009 survey results provides comparable data on 15-year-olds' performance on reading, mathematics and science across 65 countries. The volume opens with an introduction explaining what PISA is and how PISA 2009 is different from previous PISA surveys. The introduction also explains what PISA 2009 measures and how. A reader's guide provides information needed to interpret the data. Chapter 2 provides a summary of the findings related to performance in reading, the focus of the 2009 survey. Chapter 3 provides a summary of the findings related to performance in mathematics and science. A final chapter explores policy implications in five areas: low performance, pursuing excellence, strengths and weaknesses in different kinds of reading, student performance in math and science, and the potential to improve performance across the world. Annexes provide detailed statistical data and technical information.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 96
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264091375
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Cities and climate change
    RVK:
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    Schlagwort(e): Klimawandel ; Stadt ; Kommunalpolitik ; Kommunalverwaltung ; OECD-Staaten ; Klima ; Environment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Klima ; Klimakatastrophe ; Klimaveränderung ; Klimawandel ; Stadt ; Klimaänderung
    Kurzfassung: As the hubs of economic activity, cities drive the vast majority of the world’s energy use and are major contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions. Because they are home to major infrastructure and highly concentrated populations, cities are also vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, such as rising sea levels, warmer temperatures and fiercer storms. At the same time, better urban planning and policies can reduce energy use and greenhouse gas emissions and improve the resilience of urban infrastructure to climate change, thus shaping future trends. This book shows how city and metropolitan regional governments working in tandem with national governments can change the way we think about responding to climate change. The chapters analyse: trends in urbanisation, economic growth, energy use and climate change; the economic benefits of climate action; the role of urban policies in reducing energy demand, improving resilience to climate change and complementing global climate policies; frameworks for multilevel governance of climate change including engagement with relevant stakeholders; and the contribution of cities to “green growth”, including the “greening” of fiscal policies, innovation and jobs. The book also explores policy tools and best practices from both OECD and some non-member countries. Cities and Climate Change reveals the importance of addressing climate change across all levels of government. Local involvement through “climate-conscious” urban planning and management can help achieve national climate goals and minimise tradeoffs between environmental and economic priorities at local levels. The book will be relevant to policy makers, researchers, and others with an interest in learning more about urbanisation and climate change policy.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 97
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264077287
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (210 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE; Luxembourg 2010
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE: Luxembourg 2010
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Luxembourg
    Kurzfassung: OECD's 2010 review of Luxembourg's environmental conditions and progress in air, water, waste and materials management; nature and biodiversity; the environment-economy interface; the environment-social interface; and international commitments and co-operation. The analyses presented are supported by a broad range of economic and environmental data and include recommendations for further environmental and sustainable development progress.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 98
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264072886
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (400 p.) , ill.
    Schlagwort(e): Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: This publication provides a summary of the information available in the OECD Structural and Demographic Business Statistics (SDBS) database. Key economic variables are presented at the International Standard of Industrial Classification, Revision 3 (ISIC) 2-digit level, for all industries and OECD member countries. It provides a wealth of information at a very detailed sectoral level including: turnover, value-added, production, operating surplus, employment, labour costs and investment. The breakdown by industrial sector, including services, is supplemented by a further breakdown into business size classes, further enhancing the analytical capabilities of the database. The database also includes business demography statistics such as business birth, death and survival rates as well as the number of high-growth enterprises. As such, the database and the publication will help answer such questions as: Which sectors have experienced positive/negative growth in recent years? What contribution do small businesses make to economic activity? How does the structure of businesses vary across OECD countries? Which industrial sectors have the highest labour productivity? How does labour productivity vary by business size? Are small and medium enterprises (SMEs) more or less profitable per employee than large businesses? Which sectors invest most?
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 99
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264084551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Serie: Better Regulation in Europe
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
    RVK:
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    Schlagwort(e): Regulierung ; Dänemark ; Governance ; Denmark ; Dänemark ; Regulierung ; Volkswirtschaft
    Kurzfassung: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Denmark, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 100
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264087873
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Serie: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE; Japon 2010
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE: Japon 2010
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Japan
    Kurzfassung: This 2010 review of Japan's environmental conditions and policies evaluates progress in reducing the pollution burden, improving natural resource management, integrating environmental and economic policies, and strengthening international co-operation. It includes coverage of policy for greening growth, implementation of environmental policies, climate change, waste management and the 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle), and nature and biodiversity. The review finds that since the last review, Japan has made steady progress in addressing a range of environmental issues, notably air and water pollution, and the management of chemicals and waste. The energy intensity of the economy has continued to decrease, particularly in the industrial sector, and is among the lowest in OECD countries. Material intensity has also decreased. At the same time, several more complex, long-term challenges have come to the fore: climate change, sound waste, materials management, and biodiversity conservation. Much of the last decade was characterised by sluggish economic growth, and environment and green innovation are targeted as key drivers of future growth and job creation in Japan's New Growth Strategy.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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