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  • Online Resource  (121)
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  • Environment  (90)
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  • Online Resource  (121)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264828599 , 9789264977792 , 9789264762497
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Green Finance and Investment
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Developing sustainable finance definitions and taxonomies
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    Keywords: Nachhaltige Kapitalanlage ; Klassifikation ; Definition ; EU-Staaten ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; OECD ; Ökologische Marktwirtschaft ; Kreditmarkt ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: A number of countries have created official definitions of sustainable finance as well as more comprehensive classification systems, referred to as sustainable finance taxonomies. This report maps sustainable finance definitions and taxonomies in five jurisdictions: the European Union, People’s Republic of China, Japan, France and the Netherlands. Taxonomies answer a need for greater certainty on the environmental sustainability of different types of investments. When appropriately designed, they can improve market clarity, bring confidence and assurance to investors, and facilitate the measurement and tracking of sustainable finance flows. The report lays out preliminary considerations for good design of taxonomies, which can support policy makers to develop and grow sustainable finance markets to help achieve environmental and sustainable development goals. It also identifies differences among the taxonomies in scope as well as commonalities. These commonalities could provide a basis for creating comparable frameworks that facilitate international investment while also reflecting differing national circumstances.
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789264309173 , 9789264309166 , 9789264307292
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Poza PKB. Mierzmy To Co Ma Znaczenie Dla Rozwoju Społeczno Gospodarczego
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Jenseits des BIP: Was bei der wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Entwicklung wirklich zählt
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Stiglitz, Joseph E., 1943 - Beyond GDP
    DDC: 330
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    Keywords: Sozialer Indikator ; Lebensqualität ; Soziale Lage ; Bruttoinlandsprodukt ; Wirtschaftsindikator ; Messung ; Environment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Soziale Situation ; Lebensqualität ; Bruttoinlandsprodukt ; Wirtschaftsindikator ; Messung
    Abstract: Metrics matter for policy and policy matters for well-being. In this report, the co-chairs of the OECD-hosted High Level Expert Group on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress, Joseph E. Stiglitz, Jean-Paul Fitoussi and Martine Durand, show how over-reliance on GDP as the yardstick of economic performance misled policy makers who did not see the 2008 crisis coming. When the crisis did hit, concentrating on the wrong indicators meant that governments made inadequate policy choices, with severe and long-lasting consequences for many people. While GDP is the most well-known, and most powerful economic indicator, it can’t tell us everything we need to know about the health of countries and societies. In fact, it can’t even tell us everything we need to know about economic performance. We need to develop dashboards of indicators that reveal who is benefitting from growth, whether that growth is environmentally sustainable, how people feel about their lives, what factors contribute to an individual’s or a country’s success. This book looks at progress made over the past 10 years in collecting well-being data, and in using them to inform policies. An accompanying volume, For Good Measure: Advancing Research on Well-being Metrics Beyond GDP, presents the latest findings from leading economists and statisticians on selected issues within the broader agenda on defining and measuring well-being.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264281509 , 9789264284012
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (96 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Green Growth Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Greening the blue economy in Pomorskie, Poland
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    Keywords: Nachhaltige Regionalentwicklung ; Küstenregion ; Pommern ; Polen ; Employment ; Environment ; Industry and Services ; Poland
    Abstract: As coastal area on the Baltic Sea in north-central Poland, Pomorskie faces unique challenges and opportunities associated with the transition to a green economy, a diversified economy, growing population and significant natural resources. This report focuses on the sustainable development of the oceans and coastlines surrounding the region, known as the blue economy. Based on an OECD survey designed to capture the needs and perceptions of local employers (mostly of small- and medium-sized enterprises [SME]), this report analyses the specific skills needed to support green growth in Pomorskie, and how related labour market and training programmes can be made more effective in supporting the transition to a low-carbon economy.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264187610
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (440 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Inventory of estimated budgetary support and tax expenditures for fossil fuels 2013
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    Keywords: Fossile Energie ; Förderung erneuerbarer Energien ; Steuervergünstigung ; OECD-Staaten ; Energy ; Environment ; Governance ; Taxation ; Trade ; OECD ; Energiepolitik ; Steuervergünstigung
    Abstract: This Inventory is concerned with direct budgetary transfers and tax expenditures that relate to fossil fuels, regardless of their impact or of the purpose for which the measures were first put in place. It has been undertaken as an exercise in transparency, and to inform the international dialogue on fossil-fuel subsidy reform. For each of the 34 OECD countries covered, the Inventory provides a succinct summary of its energy economy, and of the budgetary and tax-related measures provided at the central-government level (and, in the case of federal countries, for selected sub-national units of government) relating to fossil-fuel production or consumption. The transfers associated with these measures are reported for recent years using the Producer Support Estimate (PSE) and Consumer Support Estimate (CSE) as organising frameworks. These frameworks have already been used extensively by the OECD, most notably in respect of agriculture. The Inventory covers a wide range of measures that provide a benefit or preference for a particular activity or a particular product, either in absolute terms or relative to other activities or products, against a specified baseline. Many measures listed in this inventory are relative preferences within a particular country’s tax system rather than absolute support that can be readily compared across countries, and for that reason no national totals are provided.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264195325
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Green Growth Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Green growth in cities
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    Keywords: Nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Umweltpolitik ; Internationale Kooperation ; Ballungsraum ; Großstadt ; Ökologische Marktwirtschaft ; Einflussgröße ; Interesse ; Entwicklung ; Unterentwicklung ; Ursache ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Stadtentwicklung ; Umweltqualität ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Umweltpolitik
    Abstract: This report synthesises the findings from six case studies of urban green growth policies, four at city level (Paris, Chicago, Stockholm, Kitakyushu) and two at the national level (China, Korea). It offers a definition of urban green growth and a framework for analysing how it might play out in different types of cities. It demonstrates the importance of urban policies for achieving national environmental policy goals and discusses the increased efficiency of policy intervention at the urban level. It identifies urban activities to reduce environmental impact that are most likely to contribute to the policy priorities of job creation, urban attractiveness, metro-regional supply of green products and services, and increased urban land values. It also provides guidance on addressing potential financing and governance challenges that may arise in pursuing urban green growth. Finally, the report offers a preliminary proposal for how green growth in cities could be measured.
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264112902
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Agricultural policies for poverty reduction
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    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Ländliches Einkommen ; Armut ; Ernährungssicherung ; Entwicklungsländer ; Armut ; Bekämpfung ; Agrarpolitik ; Agriculture and Food ; Development ; Entwicklungsländer ; Entwicklungsländer ; Armut ; Bekämpfung ; Agrarpolitik
    Abstract: With more than two-thirds of the world’s poor living in rural areas, higher rural incomes are a pre-requisite for sustained poverty reduction and reduced hunger. This volume sets out a strategy for raising rural incomes which emphasises the creation of diversified rural economies with opportunities within and outside agriculture. Agricultural policies need to be integrated within an overall mix of policies and institutional reforms that facilitate, rather than impede, structural change. By investing in public goods, such as infrastructure and agricultural research, and by building effective social safety nets, governments can limit the role of less efficient policies such as price controls and input subsidies.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264174269
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (222 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sustainable materials management
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    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Ressourcenökonomik ; Environment ; Industry and Services ; Ressourcenökonomie ; Recyclinggerechtes Produkt ; Rohstoff ; Wiederverwendung
    Abstract: Sustainable Materials Management (SMM) is increasingly recognised as a policy approach that can make a key contribution to green growth and the challenges that are posed by sustained global economic and demogarphic growth. One of the key challenges of the SMM approach is to effectively address the environmental impacts that can occur along the life-cycle of materials, which frequently extends across borders and involves a multitude of different economic actors. This book outlines a series of policy principles for SMM, examines how to set and use targets for SMM, and explores various policy instruments for SMM. In addition it provides examples of policy action plans from the UK and the Netherlands, before presenting a series of conclusions and recommendations.
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264112124
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (182 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Évaluation des réformes des politiques agricoles de l'Union européenne
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Evaluation of agricultural policy reforms in the European Union
    DDC: 338.1/84
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    Keywords: EU-Agrarpolitik ; Wirkungsanalyse ; EU-Staaten ; Agrarreform ; Evaluation ; Agriculture and Food ; European Union ; Europa ; Electronic books ; Europäische Union ; Agrarpolitik
    Abstract: This report provides an overview of the main characteristics and structure of the current Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and its developments in the last 25 years in a changing environment within and outside the EU. Drawing on material presented at the OECD Workshop on the Disaggregated Impacts of CAP Reform, held on 10-11 March 2010, and model-based scenarios, it analyses the impacts of policy changes on production, trade, land use, farm structure, the environment and some aspects of rural development, using changes in the level and composition of OECD indicators of support, notably the Producer Support Estimate (PSE). This report further suggests improvements in the market orientation, competitiveness and risk management at all levels of the food chain, and pleads for clarifying the link between policy measures and objectives through better targeting, and strengthening evidence on which to base policies.
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789264096684
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Environmental Innovation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better policies to support eco-innovation
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    Keywords: Innovation ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Technologiepolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Technologietransfer ; Umweltschutz ; Clean Development Mechanism ; Public Private Partnership ; Fallstudie ; Environment ; OECD ; Umwelttechnik ; Forschungsförderung
    Abstract: Eco-innovation is more important than ever on the public policy agenda. It is a major driver for green growth and contributes to the environmental performance and economic development of OECD and developing countries alike. This report takes a pragmatic approach to policies that support the development and diffusion of eco-innovation. Building on the OECD Innovation Strategy, it argues that eco-innovation is not merely about technological developments: non-technical innovations matter as well. It acknowledges that policies do not operate in a vacuum and that they must take account of the contexts that influence the development and diffusion of eco-innovation, such as market structures. It explores links between eco-innovation policies and related fields such as industry, competition, and international cooperation. This work builds on an OECD inventory of eco-innovation policies in OECD countries and in China. It also draws on studies of select environment-friendly innovations, highlighting different patterns of development across countries. It also incorporates extensive international consultation on the topics of eco-innovation and green growth. The results from this publication will contribute to the Green Growth Strategy being developed by the OECD as a practical policy package for governments to harness the potential of greener growth. For more information on OECD work on eco-innovation, visit: www.oecd.org/greengrowth www.oecd.org/environment/innovation www.oecd.org/sti/innovation/green
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  • 10
    ISBN: 9789264096875
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Environmental Policy and Household Behaviour
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Politique de l'environnement et comportement des ménages
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Greening household behaviour
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    Keywords: Konsumentenverhalten ; Umweltbewusstsein ; Umweltpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Umweltschutz ; Haushalt ; Privater Verbrauch ; Ressourcenmanagement ; Wirtschaftliches Verhalten ; Environment ; Australien ; Kanada ; Tschechien ; Frankreich ; Italien ; Südkorea ; Mexiko ; Niederlande ; Industriestaaten ; Haushalt ; Privater Verbrauch ; Verbraucherverhalten ; Umweltbelastung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Developing growth strategies that promote greener lifestyles requires a good understanding of what factors affect people’s behaviour towards the environment. Recent OECD work based on periodic surveys of more than 10 000 households across a number of countries and areas represents a breakthrough by providing a common framework to collect unique empirical evidence for better policy design. This publication presents responses from the most recent round of the OECD survey implemented in 2011 in 5 areas (energy, food, transport, waste and water) and 11 countries: Australia, Canada, Chile, France, Israel, Japan, Korea, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland. Analysis comparing the data across countries, policy conditions and households’ characteristics reveals which measures most effectively change behaviour. Each round of the survey also allows to track changes over time and to explore new emerging issues. The new survey confirms the importance of providing the right economic incentives for influencing our decisions. The findings indicate that “soft” measures such as labelling and public information campaigns also have a significant complementary role to play. Spurring desirable behaviour change requires a mix of these instruments. This book is a milestone for all those interested by the challenging question of ways to promote greener behaviour, from policy makers to individual citizens.
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264059474
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mesurer l'innovation ; Un nouveau regard
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measuring innovation
    DDC: 338.064
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    Keywords: Innovation ; Innovationsmanagement ; Education ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; OECD*Innovation*Messverfahren*Indikator*Forschungsbericht*Globalisierung*Bildungsabschluss*Mobilität*Bildungspolitik*Neue Technologien*Kooperation*Regierung*Interdisziplinarität*öffentliche Trägerschaft*Private Trägerschaft*Welt*Europa*Asien*Australien*Afrika*Nordamerika*Südamerika ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Innovation ; Unternehmen ; Innovationsmanagement
    Abstract: Measuring Innovation: A New Perspective presents new measures and new ways of looking at traditional indicators. It builds on 50 years of indicator development by OECD and goes beyond R&D to describe the broader context in which innovation occurs. It includes some experimental indicators that provide insight into new areas of policy interest. It highlights measurement gaps and proposes directions for advancing the measurement agenda. This publication begins by describing innovation today. It looks at what is driving innovation in firms, and how the scientific and research landscape is being reconfigured by convergence, interdisciplinarity and the new geography of innovation hot spots. It presents broader measures of innovation, for example using new indicators of investment in intangible assets and trademarks. Human capital is the basic input of innovation, and a series of indicators looks at how well education systems are contributing to the knowledge and research bases. Further series examine how firms transform skills and knowledge, and shed light on the different roles of public and private investment in fostering innovation and reaping its rewards, with concrete examples from major global challenges such as health and climate change. Measuring Innovation is a major step towards evidence-based innovation policy making. It complements traditional “positioning”-type indicators with ones that show how innovation is, or could be, linked to policy. It also recognises that much more remains to be done, and points to the measurement challenges statisticians, researchers and policy makers alike need to address.
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9789264090231
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La transition vers une économie sobre en carbone ; objectifs publics et pratiques des entreprises
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La transition vers une économie sobre en carbone : objectifs publics et pratiques des entreprises
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Transition to a low-carbon economy
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    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Umweltmanagement ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Umweltbezogenes Management ; Klimaänderung
    Abstract: Companies are increasingly aware of the need to address climate change. However, while many companies are taking action to address climate change, many others are still lagging behind. This report surveys responsible business practices addressing climate change and driving the shift to a low-carbon economy. It summarises policies, regulations and other instruments in support of a low carbon economy in OECD countries and emerging economies, and analyses corporate responses to these drivers. Using the principles of responsible business conduct identified in the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises, this report reviews three key areas of corporate action: accounting for greenhouse gas emissions; achieving emissions reductions; and engaging suppliers, consumers and other stakeholders.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264079915 , 9789264107175
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Insights
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les pêcheries ; Jusqu'à l'épuisement des stocks ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les pêcheries : Jusqu'à l'épuisement des stocks ?
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Love, Patrick Fisheries
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    Keywords: Fischwirtschaft ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Economics ; Fischerei ; Fischbestand ; Fischverarbeitung ; Fischhandel ; Ressourcenmanagement ; Weltpolitik
    Abstract: The fish on your plate may have been caught by a high-tech trawler, trapped by a lone fisher, farmed along with tons of others, or even stolen by pirates. It may have been captured in the South Atlantic, landed in Europe, and processed in China. Globalisation, North-South relations, changing attitudes and lifestyles, and the way we manage natural resources all influence fisheries. This book uses the expertise of the OECD to assess these issues, and describes the challenges facing those who work in the industry. Apart from the fishers themselves and their families, it also draws on the points of view of NGOs, government specialists, scientists and independent experts. This book includes StatLinks, URLs under graphs and tables linking to Excel® spreadsheets showing the underlying data "We at International Aquafeed would recommend this to anyone involved in marine fishing and even to those in aquaculture to and aqua policy development as a foundation document for future decision-making. Well done Patrick Love." -The Aquaculturists Blog
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9789264090279
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Payer pour la biodiversité ; Améliorer l'efficacité-coût des paiements pour services écosystémiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Paying for Biodiversity; Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services (Bulgarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Paying for Biodiversity; Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services (Romanian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Payer pour la biodiversité : Améliorer l'efficacité-coût des paiements pour services écosystémiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Paying for Biodiversity: Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services (Bulgarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Paying for Biodiversity: Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services (Romanian version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Karousakis, Katia Paying for biodiversity
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    Keywords: Artenvielfalt ; Umwelt ; Umweltökonomik ; Umweltpolitik ; Kosten-Wirksamkeits-Analyse ; Environment ; Biodiversität ; Umweltpolitik ; Umweltökonomie
    Abstract: Biodiversity and ecosystem services provide tangible benefits for society, such as food provisioning, water purification, genetic resources or climate regulation. These services provide critical life support functions and contribute to human health, well being and economic growth. Yet biodiversity is declining worldwide and, in some areas, this loss is accelerating. The need for policies that promote the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and ecosystem services is more important than ever. Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) is a direct and flexible incentive-based mechanism under which the user or beneficiary of an ecosystem service makes a direct payment to an individual or community whose land use decisions have an impact on the ecosystem service provision. Interest in PES has been increasing rapidly over the past decade: PES are proliferating worldwide and there are already more than 300 programmes in place today at national, regional and local levels. Drawing on the literature concerning effective PES and on more than 30 case studies from both developed and developing countries, this book aims to identify good practice in the design and implementation of PES programmes so as to enhance their environmental and cost effectiveness. It addresses the following questions: Why are PES useful and how do they work? How can they be made most effective environmentally and how can their cost-effectiveness be maximised? What are the different potential sources of finance for PES programmes, and how can they be secured? and What are the lessons learned from existing PES programmes and insights for future programmes, including international PES?
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264072916
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mondialisation, transport et environnement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Globalisation, transport and the environment
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    Keywords: Globalisierung ; Umweltbelastung ; Güterverkehr ; Welt ; Globalization ; Globalization Environmental aspects ; Transportation ; Environment ; Transport ; Güterverkehr ; Globalisierung ; Umweltschutz ; Transport ; Welthandel ; Umweltschaden
    Abstract: What impact has globalisation had on transport? And what have been the consequences for the environment? This book aims to answer these questions and more. It looks in detail at how globalisation has affected activity levels in maritime shipping, aviation, and road and rail freight, and assesses the impact that changes in activity levels have had on the environment. The book also discusses policy instruments that can be used to address negative environmental impacts, both from an economic perspective and from the point of view of international law. Related reading Environmental Outlook to 2030 (2008) The Economics of Climate Change Mitigation: Policies and Options for Global Action beyond 2012 (2009)
    Note: Literaturangaben , Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Mondialisation, transport et environnement
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9789264087637
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Taxation, Innovation and the Environment; (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La fiscalité, l'innovation et l'environnement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Taxation, Innovation and the Environment: (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Taxation, innovation and the environment
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    Keywords: Ökosteuer ; Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; Emissionshandel ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Taxation ; Umweltabgabe ; Umweltschutz ; Innovation ; Umweltpolitik ; Umweltsteuer ; Innovationsförderung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Solving the world’s environmental problems could take a significant toll on economic growth if only today’s technologies are available. We know that innovation – the creation and adoption of new cleaner technologies and know-how – provides a means to achieve local and global environmental goals at significantly lower costs. Innovation is also a major driver of economic growth. OECD governments are increasingly using environmentally related taxes because they are typically one of the most effective policy tools available. Exploring the relationship between environmentally related taxation and innovation is critical to understanding the full impacts of this policy instrument as well as one potential facet of “green growth.” By putting a price on pollution, do environmentally related taxes spur innovation? What types of innovation result? Does the design of the tax play a critical role? What is the effect of this innovation? In analysing these questions, this report draws on case studies that cover Japan, Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Israel and others. It covers a wide set of environmental issues and technologies, as well as the economic and policy contexts. The research methods range from econometric analysis to interviews with business owners and executives. The report also explores the use of environmentally related taxes in OECD countries and outlines considerations for policymakers when implementing these taxes. Green growth policies can stimulate economic growth while preventing environmental degradation, biodiversity loss and unsustainable natural resource use. The results from this publication will contribute to the Green Growth Strategy being developed by the OECD as a practical policy package for governments to harness the potential of greener growth.
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789264086876
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.)
    Edition: [Elektronische Ressource]
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Wreford, Anita Climate change and agriculture
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    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Landwirtschaft ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Klimaänderung ; Landwirtschaft ; Klimaänderung ; Landwirtschaft ; Treibhausgas ; Klimaänderung ; Landwirtschaft ; Entscheidung bei Unsicherheit
    Abstract: Climate change is likely to have significant impacts on the agricultural sector to which farmers will have to adapt. While agriculture is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, it is also a source of carbon storage in soils. This report examines the economic and policy issues related to the impacts of climate change on agriculture and adaptation responses and to the mitigation of greenhouse gases from agriculture. It outlines research undertaken and underway in other national and international research agencies. It also highlights some of the knowledge gaps on the impacts of climate change on food production and the uncertainties of those impacts in a global context that warrant further research efforts. In particular, the report analyses marginal abatement cost curves, which show the relative costs of achieving reductions in greenhouse gas emission through the implementation of different actions in the agricultural sector. The aim of the report is to help guide policy makers in the design of policies to address climate change issues in agriculture.
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9789264077225
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (278 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'éco-innovation dans l'industrie ; favoriser la croissance verte
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'éco-innovation dans l'industrie : favoriser la croissance verte
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Eco-innovation in industry
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    Keywords: Industrie ; Innovationsmanagement ; Umwelttechnik ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Industrie ; Nachhaltigkeit ; OECD
    Abstract: Eco-innovation will be a key driver of industry efforts to tackle climate change and realise “green growth” in the post-Kyoto era. Eco-innovation calls for faster introduction of breakthrough technologies and for more systemic application of available solutions, including non-technological ones. It also offers opportunities to involve new players, develop new industries and increase competitiveness. Structural change in economies will be imperative in coming decades. This book presents the research and analysis carried out during the first phase of the OECD Project on Sustainable Manufacturing and Eco-innovation. Its aim is to provide benchmarking tools on sustainable manufacturing and to spur eco-innovation through better understanding of innovation mechanisms. It reviews the concepts and forms an analytical framework; analyses the nature and processes of eco-innovation; discusses existing sustainable manufacturing indicators; examines methodologies for measuring eco-innovation; and takes stock of national strategies and policy initiatives for eco-innovation.
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9789264095700
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les liens entre les politiques agricoles et leurs effets sur l'environnement ; Le modèle simplifié d'impact des politiques agroenvironnementales de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Linkages between agricultural policies and environmental effects
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ökologischer Landbau ; Agrarpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; OECD ; Agrarpolitik ; Umweltschutz
    Abstract: Improving the environmental performance of agriculture is a high priority for OECD countries. But measuring and evaluating the impact of agri-environmental policies on the environment can be challenging, as it requires linking economic and biophysical models in country-specific contexts. The OECD has developed the Stylised Agri-environmental Policy Impact Model (SAPIM), which can be adapted and applied by researchers and policy makers to better understand the impact of policies on the agri-environment conditions in their countries. This report applies the model to representative farms in Finland, Japan, Switzerland and the United States. These countries include a wide range of objectives, policy measures and agri-environmental conditions. The results highlight that when positive or negative environmental externalities are not taken into account by farmers then the production choices by farmers will reflect private costs and benefits. Policies can potentially raise social welfare by taking account of those externalities. This report notes that, overall, the diversity of conditions across sectors and countries makes it difficult to generalise the impact of agri-environmental policies beyond the situations that are modeled. Nevertheless, some wider policy messages emerge. Drawing on the four case studies examined, this report recommends that; polluting activites that are not regulated should be included in policy design; the existing overall policy environment needs to be taken into account in evaluating agri-environmental policies; and environmental co-benefits and trade-offs need to be recognised. Green growth policies can stimulate economic growth while preventing environmental degradation, biodiversity loss and unsustainable natural resource use. The results from this publication contribute to the Green Growth Strategy being developed by the OECD as a practical policy package for governments to harness the potential of greener growth.
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264086845
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (118 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Lignes directrices pour des mesures agroenvironnementales efficaces
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Guidelines for cost-effective agri-environmental policy measures
    RVK:
    Keywords: Landwirtschaft ; Umweltpolitik ; Ökologischer Landbau ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Agrarpolitik ; Biologischer Landbau
    Abstract: Improving the environmental performance of agriculture is a high priority in OECD and many non-OECD countries. This will be of increasing concern in the future given the pressure to feed a growing world population with scarce land and water resources. Policy has an important role to play where markets for many of the environmental outcomes from agriculture are absent or poorly functioning. This study focuses on the design and implementation of environmental standards and regulations, taxes, payments and tradable permit schemes to address agri-environmental issues. It deals with the choice of policy instruments and the design of specific instruments, with the aim of identifying those that are most cost-effective in very different situations across OECD countries. Key conclusions from the study are that: there is no unique instrument that promises to achieve all agri-environmental policy goals; the cost effectiveness of payments systems could be improved by using performance-based measures; and policy mixes need to combine policy instruments that complement and not conflict with each other.
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264083608
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le prix de l'eau et des services d'eau potable et d'assainissement
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Pricing water resources and water and sanitation services
    DDC: 338.43628109177
    RVK:
    Keywords: Wasserversorgung ; Wasserpreis ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Wasserwirtschaft ; Wasserpreis ; OECD
    Abstract: In both OECD and non-OECD countries the water sector is facing the challenges of increased competition for water resources, deteriorating water quality, and the effects of climate change and poor management. In this context, how can countries ensure access to adequate, sustainable and affordable water and sanitation services for all? Pricing water-related services is an essential part of the answer. This report compiles reliable and comparable data on pricing water and on water supply and sanitation services across OECD countries. It sheds additional light on such policy issues as the choice of tariff structures for water services, cost recovery for water services and affordability.
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264059221
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Infrastructures en eau et secteur privé ; Guide de l'OCDE pour l'action publique
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Private sector participation in water infrastructure
    RVK:
    Keywords: Wasserwirtschaft ; Privatwirtschaft ; Welt ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Development ; Wasserwirtschaft ; Public Private Partnership ; Wasserwirtschaft ; Public Private Partnership ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Many countries have sought the involvement of the private sector to upgrade and develop their water and sanitation infrastructure and improve the efficiency of water systems. This book provides a coherent catalogue of policy directions, including appropriate allocation of roles, risks and responsibilities, framework conditions and contractual arrangements necessary to make the best of private sector participation and to harness more effectively the capacities of all stakeholders.
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264076884
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Cities, towns & renewable energy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung ; Stadt ; Energieversorgung ; Energieeinsparung ; Erneuerbare Energie ; Welt ; Energy ; Environment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Stadtökologie ; Energieversorgung ; Erneuerbare Energien ; Energieeinsparung
    Abstract: Local governments have the power to influence the energy choices of their citizens. Many cities and towns have already encouraged energy efficiency measures. Even so, as demand for energy services continues to grow, the energy infrastructure that every city and town depends on will need to be expanded, upgraded or replaced. This provides the opportunity to increase the deployment of renewable energy technologies and decentralised energy systems, and hence gain the multi-benefits of increased energy security, climate change mitigation and sustainable development, but also the social benefits of reduced air pollution, such as improved health and employment. Many combinations of policies have been employed to stimulate local renewable energy development. These policies include: local governance by authority; providing resources; enabling private actors; leading by example; allowing self-governance. Mega-city mayors, down to small-town officials, have successfully introduced such policies, although these vary with location, local resources and population. Cities, Towns and Renewable Energy – “ Yes In My Front Yard “ includes several case studies chosen to illustrate how enhanced deployment of renewable energy projects can result, regardless of a community’s size or location. The goals of this report are to inspire city stakeholders by showing how renewable energy systems can benefit citizens and businesses, assist national governments to better appreciate the role that local municipalities might play in meeting national and international objectives, and help accelerate the necessary transition to a sustainable energy future.
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  • 24
    ISBN: 9789264073616
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (302 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Économie de la lutte contre le changement climatique ; Politiques et options pour une action globale au-delà de 2012
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. The economics of climate change mitigation
    DDC: 530
    RVK:
    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Klimaschutz ; Entwicklungsländer ; Climatic changes Economic aspects ; Climatic changes Government policy ; Environmental economics ; Environmental policy ; Greenhouse gas mitigation Economic aspects ; Greenhouse gas mitigation Government policy ; Environment ; Entwicklungsländer ; Klimaänderung ; Klimaschutz ; Umweltpolitik ; Soziale Kosten ; Umweltökonomie
    Abstract: Against the background of a projected doubling of world greenhouse gas emissions by mid-century, this book explores feasible ways to abate them at least cost. Through quantitative analysis, it addresses key climate policy issues including: an ideal set of climate policy tools; the size of the economic and environmental costs of incomplete country or sector coverage of climate change mitigation policies; how to concretely develop a global carbon market; the case for, and what can we reasonably expect from, R&D and technology support policies; and the incentives for major emitting countries to join a climate change mitigation agreement.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Économie de la lutte contre le changement climatique
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264059498
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. De l'eau pour tous ; Perspectives de l'OCDE sur la tarification et le financement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. OECD Managing water for all
    DDC: 338.4/336361
    RVK:
    Keywords: Wasser ; Wasserversorgung ; Wasserpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Environmental impact charges / OECD countries / Statistics ; Water quality management / OECD countries / Finance ; Environment ; OECD ; Wasser ; Wasserversorgung ; Finanzierung
    Abstract: Water is a key prerequisite for human and economic development, and for maintaining ecosystems. However, billions of people lack access to water and sanitation services, mainly due to poor governance and inadequate investment and maintenance. This report, which emphasises the economic and financial aspects of water resources management and water service provision, the need for an integrated approach (including governance considerations) to address these complex policy challenges, and the importance of establishing a firm evidence base to support policy development and implementation, summarises the results of OECD work in this area.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: De l'eau pour tous
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9789264044418
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (118 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Réduction de la capacité de pêche ; Bonnes pratiques en matière de plans de sortie de flotte
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Cox, Anthony Reducing fishing capacity
    RVK:
    Keywords: Fischereipolitik ; Produktionskapazität ; Fischschutz ; Fish populations ; Fisheries Economic aspects ; Fishery management ; Fishery policy ; Fishes Conservation ; Agriculture and Food ; Graue Literatur ; OECD ; Fischereipolitik ; Fischerei ; Fischbestand ; Kapazitätsmanagement
    Abstract: Too many fishing vessels chasing too few fish is a persistent problem in many countries. To address this, governments often turn to vessel decommissioning schemes as a means of adjusting fishing capacity to match available fish resources. This report presents a set of best practice guidelines on the design and implementation of decommissioning schemes. By drawing on case studies of decommissioning schemes from OECD and non-OECD countries, it provides policy makers and fisheries managers with detailed analysis of the economic issues surrounding decommissioning schemes.
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 111 - 116 , Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Réduction de la capacité de pêche
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264059597
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Faire respecter les normes environnementales ; Tendances et bonnes pratiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ensuring Environmental Compliance; Trends and Good Practices (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ensuring environmental compliance
    DDC: 363.7/0526
    RVK:
    Keywords: OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Umweltpolitik ; Internationale Kooperation ; Information ; Kommunikation ; Implementation ; Effektivität ; Environment ; Governance ; Umweltpolitik
    Abstract: Despite progress in recent years, there is growing evidence that OECD countries are not on track to reach some of their key environmental goals. This report examines the strategies and instruments that governments use to ensure compliance with pollution prevention and control regulations, particularly in the industrial sector. It compares the compliance assurance systems of six OECD countries – Finland, France, Japan, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the United States – as well as those of China and Russia. The report provides policy makers, environmental regulators, and other stakeholders with a comprehensive analysis of the design, management aspects, and the main elements of government compliance and enforcement programmes. Focusing on compliance promotion, compliance monitoring, and non-compliance response, it identifies and compares good practices, sets them in context of different countries’ regulatory cultures and highlights the key international trends.
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9789264060258
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: DAC Guidelines and Reference Series
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ressources naturelles et croissance pro-pauvres ; Enjeux économiques et politiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ressources naturelles et croissance pro-pauvres : Enjeux économiques et politiques
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Natural resources and pro-poor growth
    RVK:
    Keywords: Natürliche Ressourcen ; Armut ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Entwicklungsländer ; Agriculture and Food ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Entwicklungsländer ; Natürliche Ressourcen ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Wirtschaftswachstum
    Abstract: This publication demonstrates that natural resources can contribute to growth, employment, exports and fiscal revenues in low-income countries, where natural capital constitutes a quarter of total wealth. It highlights the importance of policies encouraging the sustainable management of these resources. Moreover, it emphasises the need to address the political challenges of natural-resource management for long-term pro-poor economic growth. Part I provides an overview of the economics and politics of natural resources. It describes the unique features of natural resources and resulting management challenges, the role of sustainable natural resource management in supporting pro-poor growth, and the politics and governance of natural resources. It then offers recommendations for policy makers on how to support the approaches advocated in the paper. Part II examines these issues with respect to seven specific natural-resource sectors: fisheries, forests, wildlife and ecotourism, soil productivity, water security, minerals and renewable energy.
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264044708
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (122 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Entreprendre pour le développement 2008 ; Promouvoir les échanges commerciaux agricoles en Afrique
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Business for development [2008]
    RVK:
    Keywords: Landwirtschaft ; Agraraußenhandel ; Agroindustrie ; Afrika ; Agriculture and Food ; Development ; Trade ; Afrika ; Landwirtschaft ; Afrika ; Agraraußenhandel ; Agrobusiness
    Abstract: The changing pattern of international agricultural trade has profound implications for Africa. The book’s authors discuss these trade flows, map the corporate landscape of agro-food, (including the emergent indigenous sector), and assess trends in international development co-operation in the corporate sector. Particular focus is given to “aid for trade” programmes that try to foster private-sector development and trade-capacity building. A final chapter, drawing lessons from five country case studies, provides evidence of the (in)effectiveness of government intervention and donor programmes to promote the marketing of African agriculture.
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  • 30
    ISBN: 9789264034341
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (249 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Politiques de la biodiversité; Impacts socio-économiques, enjeux et stratégies d'action des pouvoirs publics
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Politiques de la biodiversité: Impacts socio-économiques, enjeux et stratégies d'action des pouvoirs publics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Bagnoli, Philip People and biodiversity policies
    DDC: 333.95/16
    RVK:
    Keywords: Artenvielfalt ; OECD-Staaten ; Biodiversity ; Biodiversity conservation ; Sustainable development ; Environment ; Biodiversität ; Naturschutz ; Umweltpolitik ; Effizienz ; Wohlfahrtseffekt ; Verteilung
    Abstract: The implementation of biodiversity policies will often benefit different groups to a greater or lesser degree. For example, in establishing a property right to facilitate management of a biodiversity-related resource, people who previously had unrestricted use will be adversely affected. Combining analysis and a wealth of case studies, this book offers concepts and tools for addressing distributive issues in biodiversity policy. It will help policy makers put together strategies for anticipating distributive impacts across different groups; and for selecting processes and instruments that manage distributive impacts without compromising conservation and use objectives.
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  • 31
    ISBN: 9789264031739
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (118 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Soutien à l'agriculture, valeur des actifs fonciers et ajustement sectoriel ; Conséquences pour la réforme
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Soutien à l'agriculture, valeur des actifs fonciers et ajustement sectoriel : Conséquences pour la réforme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Huang, Hsin Agricultural support, farm land values and sectoral adjustement
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Agrarsubvention ; Agrarboden ; Bodenpreis ; OECD-Staaten ; Agricultural subsidies ; Agriculture Economic aspects ; Land tenure Government policy ; Land use Planning ; Agriculture and Food ; Landwirtschaft ; Subvention ; Wirkung ; Vermögensentwicklung ; Strukturanpassung
    Abstract: Governments intervene in the agricultural sector through policies that both support and shape agricultural production. This leads to two important outcomes. First, agriculture specific programmes intended to increase the welfare of farmers can become capitalised into asset values. Second, many policies, in particular regulatory ones, reduce asset mobility, resulting in reduced economic efficiency due a sub-optimal allocation of resources. This study focuses on the capitalisation of government support into land rents and prices. It assesses the consequences of inflated asset values, and suggests lessons for future policy making.
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9789264046214
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (134 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Aspects économiques de l'adaptation au changement climatique ; Coûts, bénéfices et instruments économiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Aspects économiques de l'adaptation au changement climatique : Coûts, bénéfices et instruments économiques
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Economic aspects of adaptation to climate change
    DDC: 363.73874
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse ; Climatic changes Economic aspects ; Climatic changes Government policy ; Environment ; Governance ; Klimaänderung ; Wirtschaft ; Wirtschaftspolitik
    Abstract: Climate change poses a serious challenge to social and economic development. This report provides a critical assessment of adaptation costs and benefits in key climate sensitive sectors, as well as at national and global levels. It also moves the discussion beyond cost estimation to the potential and limits of economic and policy instruments - including insurance and risk sharing, environmental markets and pricing, and public private partnerships - that can be used to motivate adaptation actions.
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264033627
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Multifunctionality in agriculture
    RVK:
    Keywords: Agrarproduktion ; Ländliche Entwicklung ; Ökologischer Landbau ; Ernährungssicherung ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and state Congresses ; Agriculture Economic aspects ; Congresses ; Agriculture Environmental aspects ; Congresses ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Landwirtschaft ; Agrarproduktion ; Externer Effekt ; Ländliche Entwicklung ; Umweltveränderung ; Lebensmittelversorgung
    Abstract: These proceedings examine the nature and strength of jointness between agricultural commodity production and non-commodity outputs from the perspective of three areas important to the agricultural sector: rural development, environmental externalities and food security. This workshop also examined whether the relationships among these non-commodity outputs were complementary or competing. Finally, the policy implications that could be derived from the findings of this workshop were also a key element in the discussions and are summarised in the Rapporteur’s summary.
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264045828
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (214 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Coûts de l'inaction sur des défis environnementaux importants
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Costs of inaction on key environmental challenges
    RVK:
    Keywords: OECD ; Umweltbelastung ; Umweltpolitik ; Soziale Kosten ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Regulierung ; Aufwendung ; Ressourcenmanagement ; Environment ; Umweltschaden ; Kosten ; Umweltpolitik
    Abstract: Countries today face numerous environmental policy challenges, such as climate change, air and water pollution, natural-resource management, natural disasters and environment-related hazards. The costs of not responding to them can be considerable, in some cases representing a significant drag on OECD economies. Estimation of these costs can be an important part of identifying areas in which policy interventions are required, as well as of establishing priorities for future action. There is, however, considerable uncertainty associated with all stages of “costing” the impacts of environmental and resource degradation. Even when the costs of inaction are deemed important, identifying the areas where environmental policies need to be strengthened still requires careful comparison between the marginal costs of inaction versus action. This report provides introductory perspectives on the costs of inaction and discusses some of the future problems likely to be encountered in this very complex area.
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264055742 , 9789264107090
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (142 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Insights
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le développement durable ; À la croisée de l'économie, de la société et de l'environnement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nachhaltige Entwicklung; Wirtschaft, Gesellschaft, Umwelt im Zusammenhang betrachtet
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Strange, Tracey Sustainable development
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Umweltverträglichkeit
    Abstract: This book takes a careful look at the concept of sustainable development. What does it mean? How is it affected by production, consumption and globalisation? How it can be measured, and what can be done to promote it? The OECD produces data, research and policy recommendations on many issues related to sustainable development, including climate change, co-operation with developing countries and corporate social responsibility. OECD Insights: Sustainable Development draws on that expertise. It argues that to be sustainable, development has to be based on progress in three areas at once: the economy, society and the environment.
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9789264046825
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Environmental Innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Politique environnementale, innovation technologique et dépôts de brevets
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Environmental policy, technological innovation and patents
    RVK:
    Keywords: Umweltpolitik ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Patent ; Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; Kraftfahrzeug ; Papierindustrie ; Wasseraufbereitung ; Erneuerbare Energie ; Environmental policy Economic aspects ; Technological innovations Environmental aspects ; Technological innovations Patents ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Umweltpolitik ; Umwelttechnik ; Technische Innovation ; Patentdokumentation
    Abstract: This report presents three case studies to illustrate the relationship between environmental policy and technological innovation. The case studies cover abatement technologies for wastewater effluent from pulp production, abatement of motor vehicle emissions, and development of renewable energy technologies. On the basis of patent data, the nature, extent, and causes of innovation in each of these areas have been explored. While a particular focus has been placed on the role of environmental policy in bringing about the innovation documented, it is recognised that other factors play a key role in inducing innovation that has positive environmental implications.
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  • 37
    ISBN: 9789264040595
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: The Development Dimension
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cohérence des politiques en matière de développement dans le secteur des pêches en Afrique de l'Ouest
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Fishing for coherence in West Africa
    RVK:
    Keywords: Fischerei ; Fischereipolitik ; Westafrika ; Agriculture and Food ; Development ; Westafrika ; Fischereipolitik ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: Fisheries represent up to 30% of state budget revenues in West African countries and employ 7 million people in West and Central Africa. If the sector is to develop, or simply continue to exist at present levels, a number of policy challenges will have to be addressed. The number of issues is vast, ranging from illiteracy to EU trade policy. The Sahel and West Africa Club (SWAC) and the OECD Fisheries Division are working with regional organisations to help them address the question of policy coherence. This book provides not only an analytical framework adapted to the local context, but also an action framework based on the facts and realities in the field in order to improve the coherence of fisheries policies.
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9789264050099
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (122 p.)
    Series Statement: The Development Dimension
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Reconciling development and environmental goals
    RVK:
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Economic development Environmental aspects ; Economic development Government policy ; Environmental policy Economic aspects ; Environment ; Development ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Umweltpolitik ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: Policy coherence is increasingly in the interest of OECD countries and developing countries alike, given their growing economic, social and environmental interdependence. This report presents scenarios showing numerical results of changes to individual policies as well as policy packages implemented simultaneously by OECD and developing countries. The results can be used to anticipate the outcomes of decisions and implement the appropriate set of policies. The scenarios also show how policy combinations could substantially improve both economic and environmental outcomes together, confirming the need for policy coherence.
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264050112
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (146 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Politiques de soutien des biocarburants ; une évaluation économique
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Biofuel support policies
    DDC: 662
    RVK:
    Keywords: Biokraftstoff ; Förderung erneuerbarer Energien ; USA ; EU-Staaten ; Kanada ; Energy ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Electronic books ; Bioenergie ; Umweltpolitik ; Wirtschaftlichkeitsrechnung
    Abstract: Governments in many OECD countries, as well as in a number of countries outside the OECD area, actively promote the production and use of alternative transport fuels made from agricultural commodities. This report, jointly produced by the OECD and the IEA and drawing on information from a number of other organisations, analyses the implications of this support from various perspectives. The report shows that the high level of policy support contributes little to reduced greenhouse-gas emissions and other policy objectives, while it adds to a range of factors that raise international prices for food commodities. It concludes that there are alternatives to current support policies for biofuels that would more effectively allow governments to achieve their objectives.
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789282101803
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Round Tables no.138
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Biocarburants ; Lier les politiques de soutien aux bilans énergétiques et environnementaux
    RVK:
    Keywords: Energy ; Environment ; Transport
    Abstract: Biofuels received USD 15 billion in subsidies in OECD Member countries in 2007, but did they deliver benefits in terms of climate change or oil security? Present policies make no link between support for biofuels and their environmental performance, and biofuels do not all perform equally well. In fact, much of the current ethanol and biodiesel production may result in higher overall emissions of greenhouse gases than using conventional transport fuels - gasoline and diesel. The papers published in this report examine the economics of biofuels and assess the potential of conventional biofuel production in OECD countries, Brazilian ethanol exports and some second generation biofuels to supply world markets with transport fuels. This Round Table analyses the critical issues for governments in determining support for biofuels, particularly the level of greenhouse gas emissions throughout the life-cycle of these fuels and the wider environmental impacts of farming biomass. It also reviews recent progress in developing certification systems for biofuels – an essential tool for tying support to achievement in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, although certification cannot be expected to prevent rainforest destruction for the development of biofuel crop plantations. The report concludes with a short list of recommendations for policy reform if support for biofuels is to contribute effectively to mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9789282102527
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (210 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Round Tables no.139
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Pétrole et transports ; La fin des carburants à prix abordable ?
    DDC: 333.8/23213
    RVK:
    Keywords: Energy ; Environment ; Transport
    Abstract: Oil consumption is increasingly concentrated in transport and relatively limited fluctuations in transport demand can have increasingly significant effects on oil prices. This Round Table assesses the policy instruments available to address oil security and climate change and examines their interaction with measures to manage congestion and mitigate local air pollution. A number of incompatibilities and trade-offs are identified underlining the importance of integrated policy making. The report includes an examination of the factors that drive oil prices in the short and long term and a discussion of the outlook for oil supply.
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264024540
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les coûts de mise en oeuvre des politiques agricoles
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The implementation costs of agricultural policies
    RVK:
    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Policy-Mix ; Transaktionskosten ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: Concerns about the cost of implementing and monitoring agricultural policies are mounting with the development of more decoupled and targeted policies. While these costs are inherent in the policy process, reducing them will bring benefits in terms of better use of public funds, and minimising the overall economic costs of policies. The report suggests ways to do so without compromising the aims of the policies. Ways to reduce costs include sharing experiences across agencies, regions or countries, exploiting already existing administrative networks, integrating government and private information systems, reducing the number of agencies and using the latest information technologies.
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264040212
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Smith, Garry L. Sugar policy reform in the European Union and in world sugar markets
    RVK:
    Keywords: Zucker ; Außenhandel ; Zuckerpolitik ; Gemeinsame Marktorganisation ; Zuckermarkt ; Handelsliberalisierung ; EU-Staaten ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; European Union ; Europäische Union ; Zuckerproduktion ; Agrarpolitik ; Zuckerweltmarkt
    Abstract: This publication looks at the importance of the EU sugar industry in the global sugar market. It analyses how sugar reforms adopted by the EU council in 2006 have led to market changes. The first part of this report looks at what might happen if complete policy reform and full trade liberalisation took place. This gives the reader insight into the impact that sugar support policies have had in making this industry one of the most heavily subsidised, protected and distorted agricultural commodities markets. The effect that sugar support policies in the EU and worldwide have made to production and trade developments in other countries are also highlighted. The second part of this report looks forward, to examine how the sugar market may evolve up to 2015 in light of the sugar policy changes which were introduced in 2006. Finally, an initial evaluation of the EU sugar policy reform is made in light of the OECD Ministerial principles for agricultural policy reform. DYK: The wages of sugar farmers in the EU are three times above the world average
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789282123782
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transports et émissions de CO2 ; Quels progrès ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transports et émissions de CO2 : Quels progrès ?
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Carbon dioxide mitigation ; Carbon dioxide Environmental aspects ; Greenhouse gas mitigation ; Transportation Environmental aspects ; Environment ; Transport ; OECD ; Verkehrssektor ; Kohlendioxidemission ; Emissionsverringerung ; European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Abstract: Despite significant efforts on the part of some countries, transport CO2 emissions have increased steadily over the last ten years. This report reviews the progress OECD and ECMT countries have made in reducing transport sector CO2 emissions and makes recommendations for the focus of future policies. It includes detailed country-by country information on measures adopted and transport sector emissions for the period 1990 - 2003.
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9789264038288
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (82 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ciblage efficace des politiques agricoles ; Bonnes pratiques pour le développement et la mise en œuvre de politiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ciblage efficace des politiques agricoles : Bonnes pratiques pour le développement et la mise en œuvre de politiques
    RVK:
    Keywords: Agriculture and state OECD countries ; Agriculture and Food ; Agrarpolitik ; Zielbildung ; Einkommenspolitik ; Ländliche Entwicklung ; Umweltpolitik
    Abstract: Agricultural policies are dominated by broad measures such as market price support and general payments to all land, animals or farmers. As a result, it is often difficult to associate a particular policy with any specific objective. Recognising the challenge facing policy makers who wish to design more precisely targeted policies, this study defines the operational characteristics of targeted policies and illustrates best practice with concrete examples. The relationship between target variables and objectives is explored and practical ways to define targets or actions are also examined.
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  • 46
    ISBN: 9789264006805
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (230 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'environnement et les accords commerciaux régionaux
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Environment and regional trade agreements
    DDC: 382/.91
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regionale Wirtschaftsintegration ; Umweltabkommen ; Welt ; Commercial treaties ; International trade Environmental aspects ; Trade blocs ; Environment ; Trade ; Welthandel ; Liberalisierung ; Wirtschaftliche Integration ; Bilateraler Handel ; Handelsabkommen ; Umweltschutz ; Umweltpolitik ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) have increased significantly in number over the past few years. The number of RTAs which include environmental provisions is also increasing. However, these provisions, and the experience related to their negotiation and implementation, have not been examined in depth yet. This study contributes to filling this gap. It provides an overview of approaches to environmental issues in RTAs and summarises country experiences in their negotiation and practical application. Regional and bilateral trade arrangements are surveyed, including customs unions and free trade agreements. The study is based on the analysis of RTA texts, and on literature examining their actual implementation, as well as on first-hand comments and input from experts from both OECD and non-OECD countries.
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  • 47
    ISBN: 9789264031692
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (136 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Climate change in the European Alps
    DDC: 338.47914
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Tourismus ; Wintersport ; Katastrophe ; Alpenraum ; Climatic changes ; Tourism ; Hazard mitigation ; Environment ; Austria ; France ; Germany ; Italy ; Switzerland ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Alpen ; Management ; Naturkatastrophe ; Klimaänderung ; Wintertourismus
    Abstract: This report assesses the implications of climate change on winter tourism and natural hazards management in the European Alps, with a particular focus on how these activities can adapt to climate change. The report presents the first systematic cross-country analysis of the effects of climate change on snow-reliability in the European Alps. It also examines the implications of climate change for a range of natural hazards prevalent in the Alps, with a particular focus on frameworks and financial mechanisms to manage natural hazards in three countries: France, Switzerland and Austria. Technological and behavioural adaptation measures, together with institutional structures and risk transfer mechanisms, are also reviewed.
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  • 48
    ISBN: 9789264031715
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Climate Change in the European Alps; Adapting Winter Tourism and Natural Hazards Management
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Klimawandel in den Alpen; Anpassung des Wintertourismus und des Naturgefahrenmanagements
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Environment ; Austria ; France ; Germany ; Italy ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Ce rapport présente la première analyse internationale systématique des effets du changement climatique sur la fiabilité de l’enneigement dans les Alpes. Ces dernières années ont été parmi les plus chaudes des cinq siècles écoulés, et les projections des modèles climatiques annoncent des changements encore plus nets dans la région au cours des décennies à venir. Conjuguée au recul des glaciers et à la fonte du permafrost en altitude, la diminution de la quantité de neige, plus bas, aura un impact non négligeable sur les activités touristiques tributaires de la neige et sur la gestion des risques naturels. Au-delà des Alpes, les implications de cette évaluation peuvent être extrapolées à d’autres chaînes de montagnes susceptibles d’être confrontées à des problèmes climatiques et contextuels similaires, par exemple en Amérique du Nord, en Australie et en Nouvelle-Zélande.
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264018419
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (234 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Politiques de l'environnement ; Quelles combinaisons d'instruments ?
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Braathen, Nils Axel Instrument mixes for environmental policy
    DDC: 363.7063
    RVK:
    Keywords: OECD ; Umweltpolitik ; Policy-Mix ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Umweltpolitik ; Internationale Kooperation ; Analyse ; Instrument ; Energy ; Environment ; Umweltbelastung ; Energieeinsparung
    Abstract: What are the impacts on environmental effectiveness and economic efficiency of using an “instrument mix”, rather than a single instrument, to address a given environmental problem? What are the main arguments for using such instrument mixes, and are the instrument mixes currently in use actually well designed in response to these arguments? These are the main questions addressed in this report, which is based on a series of in-depth case studies. The case studies analyse instrument mixes applied in OECD countries to address household waste, non-point sources of water pollution in agriculture, residential energy efficiency, regional air pollution and emissions to air of mercury.
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264019096
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Sustainable Development Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Institutionalising sustainable development
    DDC: 338.9270601
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Governance ; Konferenzschrift ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Umweltpolitik
    Abstract: Achieving sustainable development depends on good governance practices, particularly the effective implementation of national sustainable development strategies which integrate government decision-making in the economic, environmental and social spheres. This volume contains recommendations for the true “institutionalisation” of sustainable development. Institutionalisation will embed the concept in government operations for the long-term and will reduce the vulnerability of sustainable development aims to shorter-term political objectives.
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  • 51
    ISBN: 9789264027886
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (97 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Réforme des politiques et des échanges agricoles ; Incidences sur les marchés mondiaux des produits de base
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Réforme des politiques et des échanges agricoles : Incidences sur les marchés mondiaux des produits de base
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Liapis, Peter S. Agricultural policy and trade reform
    RVK:
    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Internationale Handelspolitik ; Verteilungswirkung ; Welt ; Agriculture and state ; Commercial policy ; Agriculture and Food ; Trade ; Industriestaaten ; Entwicklungsländer ; Agraraußenhandelspolitik ; Protektionismus ; Liberalisierung ; Agrarweltmarkt ; Preisänderung
    Abstract: The governments of most developed, and many developing, countries impose border measures—tariffs, tariff rate quotas and export subsidies—to boost the domestic market prices of agricultural commodities. In some OECD countries, governments also provide financial support to their agricultural sector through other means, such as direct budgetary payments, production quotas and marketing-loan programs. These interventions typically distort the allocation of resources, leading to sub-optimal production and consumption decisions. Widespread agricultural policy reform would undoubtedly improve the global allocation of resources. But, due to differential protection levels and policy instruments across commodities and among countries, reform can also produce a complex pattern of adjustments, some of which may appear to be counter-intuitive. Using a partial-equilibrium agricultural commodity model with rich policy detail, this study examines the market impacts of agricultural policy reform annually over a 10-year horizon. The study finds that the biggest impacts of agricultural policy reform would be on world dairy markets. Including the effect of non-agricultural liberalisation from a general-equilibrium model does not meaningfully alter results, suggesting that sectoral analysis in many cases is sufficient. Also in this series: Agricultural Policy and Trade Reform: Potential Effects at Global, National and Household Levels
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  • 52
    ISBN: 9789264027350
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Policies for a better environment
    DDC: 333.7
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Osteuropa ; Kaukasus ; Zentralasien ; Environment ; Osteuropa ; Kaukasus ; Zentralasien ; Umweltpolitik
    Abstract: In 2003, the Ministers of Environment of the 12 countries of Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA), together with their partners in the “Environment for Europe” process, adopted the EECCA Environment Strategy. This book provides a review of progress in achieving the Strategy's objectives, and provides a solid analytical base for discussions on future environmental co-operation between EECCA countries and their partners. Part I of the book looks at progress across the area on such strategic objectives as pollution prevention and control and environmental policy integration. Part II provides country profiles.
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9789264024786
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (319 p.)
    Series Statement: DAC Guidelines and Reference Series
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vers une croissance pro-pauvres ; Orientations à l'intention des donneurs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vers une croissance pro-pauvres : Orientations à l'intention des donneurs
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Promoting pro-poor growth
    RVK:
    Keywords: Armut ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungspolitik ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Privatwirtschaft ; Landwirtschaft ; Infrastruktur ; Entwicklungsländer ; Agriculture and Food ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Entwicklungsländer ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungspolitik ; Wirtschaftswachstum
    Abstract: For aid donors, the pro-poor growth agenda is not business as usual and more of the same will not be sufficient. Focusing on pro-poor growth and income poverty, Promoting Pro-Poor Growth: Policy Guidance for Donors identifies binding constraints and offers policies and strategies to address them. Policy recommendations aim to help change donor behaviour and pave the way for more effective development co-operation in these areas. This compendium pays special attention to the role of private sector development, agriculture and infrastructure in pro-poor growth – areas that were neglected by many donors during the 1990s but are currently receiving renewed attention in the international development agenda. It also presents a methodology for conducting ex-ante poverty impact assessment, a valuable tool for those whose aim is to maximise the poverty reducing impacts of development interventions.
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  • 54
    ISBN: 9789264032101
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (292 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Workshop on International Science and Technology Co-operation for Sustainable Development (2005) Integrating science and technology into development policies
    RVK:
    Keywords: Technologietransfer ; Wissenstransfer ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Entwicklungsländer ; Energy ; Environment ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Konferenzschrift ; Entwicklungsländer ; OECD ; Technologietransfer
    Abstract: Science and Technology is a key driver of economic growth, and it may also help provide answers for managing resources and reducing pollution, addressing climate change and preserving biodiversity, as well as reducing disease and safeguarding health and well-being, while maintaining the general quality of life. This publication provides the proceedings of an international workshop, held in South Africa, intended to address how international co-operation in science and technology can further the three inter-related aspects (economic, social and environmental) of the development process. The workshop focused on good practices in international S&T partnerships, specifically in the areas of water and energy.
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264019379
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (130 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Sustainable Development Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Subsidy reform and sustainable development
    RVK:
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Subvention ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Energy ; Environment ; Governance
    Abstract: Unsustainable subsidies are pervasive in the industry, agriculture, transport and energy sectors of most OECD countries. They are expensive for governments and can have harmful environmental and social effects. Eliminating these supports requires comprehensive approaches which are supported by top political leadership, transparent in their potential effects on all parties, consistent over the long-term, and often accompanied by transition supports. This volume uses sectoral case studies to illustrate that achieving change in structural policies such as subsidies depends largely on good governance practices.
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  • 56
    ISBN: 9789264030251
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (328 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Política Agropecuaria y Pesquera en México ; Logros Recientes, Continuación de las Reformas
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Política Agropecuaria y Pesquera en México : Logros Recientes, Continuación de las Reformas
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Agricultural and fisheries policies in Mexico
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Fischereipolitik ; Mexiko ; Agriculture and Food ; Mexico ; Mexiko ; Agrarpolitik ; Fischereipolitik
    Abstract: This report analyses the effects of Mexico’s ambitious reforms to agricultural and fisheries policies since 1990 and makes recommendations for further reforms. The evaluation is based on criteria for good agricultural and fisheries policy as agreed to by OECD countries. Such criteria, if implemented, would support economically healthy sectors that contribute to the wider economy, respect natural resources and use inputs effectively without resorting to distorting subsidies.
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264025530
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (199 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'économie politique des taxes liées à l'environnement
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The political economy of environmentally related taxes
    DDC: 336.201
    RVK:
    Keywords: Umweltpolitik ; Ökosteuer ; Wirkungsanalyse ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Taxation ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Umweltsteuer ; Umweltpolitik
    Abstract: Based on experience in OECD countries, this book provides a comprehensive discussion of the effectiveness of environmentally related taxes, of recent research on the environmental and economic impacts of applying them, an on their potential for wider use. In particular, it looks at how to overcome obstacles to their implementation. It also discusses the environmental and economic effects of combining such taxes with other instruments for environmetal policy.
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264022577
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (480 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Water and agriculture
    DDC: 333.913
    RVK:
    Keywords: Landwirtschaft ; Wasser ; Wasserpolitik ; Bewässerung ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Konferenzschrift ; OECD ; Landwirtschaft ; Wassernutzung ; Klimaänderung ; Wassersicherstellung
    Abstract: Agriculture is a major user of water and is responsible for much of its pollution. But the agricultural sector faces increasing competition for scarce water supplies from urban and industrial users and, increasingly, to sustain ecosystems. This conference proceedings explores how both governments and the private sector can expand the role of markets to allocate water used by all sectors and to get agricultural producers to account for the pollution that their sector generates.
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9789264028470
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (288 p.)
    Series Statement: China in the Global Economy
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Environment, water resources and agricultural policies
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ökologischer Landbau ; Wasser ; Wasserpolitik ; China ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture Environmental aspects ; Government policy ; China ; Agriculture Environmental aspects ; Government policy ; OECD countries ; Environmental policy China ; Environmental policy OECD countries ; Water quality management China ; Water quality management OECD countries ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; China, People’s Republic ; Konferenzschrift 2006 ; China ; Agrarpolitik ; Wasserreserve ; Ökosystem ; Umweltpolitik ; China ; Agrarpolitik ; Umweltpolitik ; Wasserreserve ; OECD ; Agrarpolitik ; Ressourcenmanagement ; Umweltschutz
    Abstract: China's endowment of water resources is extremely low, poorly distributed, and increasingly polluted. With agriculture being one of the main consumers of water, China's future development depends on initiatives that will raise the efficiency and efficacy of water use. These workshop proceedings examine the current situation in China, look at what is being done in OECD countries to manage water resources, and suggest policy options for China.
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  • 60
    ISBN: 9789264025301
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (253 p.)
    Series Statement: The Development Dimension
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Fishing for coherence
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Fischerei ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Development ; Konferenzschrift ; OECD ; Fischerei ; Fischereipolitik
    Abstract: Some 500 million USD are spent annually on fisheries development projects. But fisheries access agreements and trade policies are sometimes applied in ways that dampen developing countries' ability to benefit fully from their rich marine resources. Also, many development projects do not pay sufficient regard to the sustainability issues that are a key for the future of the fishing sector. This publication, a compilation of papers from the Workshop on Policy Coherence for Development in Fisheries, addresses these issues.
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  • 61
    ISBN: 9789264023994
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (250 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les infrastructures à l'horizon 2030 ; Télécommunications, transports terrestres, eau et électricité
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les infrastructures à l'horizon 2030 : Télécommunications, transports terrestres, eau et électricité
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Infrastructure to 2030 ; [Vol. 1]: Telecom, land transport, water and electricity
    RVK:
    Keywords: 2004-2030 ; Infrastruktur ; Telekommunikationsnetz ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Wasserversorgung ; OECD-Staaten ; Energy ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Transport ; Economics ; OECD ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Wasserversorgung ; Infrastrukturpolitik ; Telekommunikationswirtschaft ; Prognose 2030
    Abstract: Energy, transport, water and telecommunications all are essential to future development and growth. However, infrastructure investment requirements over the coming decades will be massive, running into trillions of dollars. How will the needed investments be financed, given that OECD populations are ageing fast and public finances tightening? How will such factors as urbanisation, climate change and globalisation affect the development of infrastructures in OECD countries? And how will the role of the public sector and private actors evolve over time? These are just some of the questions this OECD report addresses in this long-term assessment of the future of infrastructures in both OECD and non-OECD countries.
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  • 62
    ISBN: 9789264036581
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (324 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les mécanismes du marché au service de la pêche ; Comment faciliter leur utilisation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les mécanismes du marché au service de la pêche
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Using market mechanisms to manage fisheries
    RVK:
    Keywords: Fischereipolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Island ; Japan ; Südkorea ; Norwegen ; Spanien ; Großbritannien ; USA ; Fisheries ; Fishery management ; Agriculture and Food ; Fischerei ; Management ; Marktmechanismus
    Abstract: In demystifying the concept of market-like instruments, this study explains how to make better use of market-like instruments in fisheries management by identifying practical steps that can be taken to further their use. The findings of the study are based on a survey of the use of market-like instruments in OECD fisheries in which the key characteristics of these instruments in different countries are identified. It finds that market-like instruments have generally improved the economic efficiency of the sector, and have helped to ensure the sustainability of fish stocks.
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264036642
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (378 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les aides financières au secteur de la pêche ; Leurs répercussions sur le développement durable
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Financial support to fisheries
    RVK:
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Fischerei ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; OECD ; Fischerei ; Subvention ; Transferzahlung ; Nachhaltigkeit ; OECD ; Fischwirtschaft ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Wirtschaftsförderung ; Finanzierungshilfe
    Abstract: OECD governments pay out around USD 6 billion a year to support the fisheries sector. Some of this expenditure is provided to help ensure the effective management of fisheries through the provision of research, administrative and enforcement services. However, its effects on economic profitability and resource sustainability are open to debate. Such support has often been linked to over-fishing and over-capitalisation, and its reform may lead to improved economic, environmental and social outcomes. This report analyses the impacts of such transfers from a sustainable development perspective by addressing the economic, environmental and social dimensions of financial transfers. Through this innovative focus, this study will deepen policy makers’ understanding of the complex issues at play in the fisheries sector — a sector that is characterised by ongoing concerns regarding economic profitability, community resilience, and resource sustainability.
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264025066
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (127 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: The Development Dimension
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le coton en Afrique de l'Ouest ; Un enjeu économique et social
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Cotton in West Africa
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Baumwollanbau ; Baumwollindustrie ; Baumwolle ; Außenhandel ; Westafrika ; Agriculture and Food ; Development ; Trade ; Westafrika ; Baumwollanbau ; Baumwollhandel
    Abstract: In West Africa, approximately 16 million people depend directly or indirectly on cotton cultivation. But subsidies in the developed world have suppressed cotton prices and have made it difficult for West African producers to compete. Compounding the problem, WTO negotiations on the problem have been suspended. This publication contends that the dialogue between developed and developing countries on this topic must continue. It sets out the regional stakes linked to the economic and social importance of cotton in West Africa. It retraces the consultation process on the West African cotton crisis with the aim of finding a negotiated solution acceptable to all parties. Also discussed are the challenges and the measures that need to be taken over the medium and long term in order to prevent this sub-sector’s sudden collapse.
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  • 65
    ISBN: 9789264035966
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (254 p.)
    Series Statement: Environmental Finance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Local capital markets for environmental infrastructure
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    Keywords: Regionaler Finanzsektor ; Umweltschutzinvestition ; China ; Kasachstan ; Russland ; Ukraine ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; China, People’s Republic ; Kazakhstan ; Russian Federation ; Ukraine ; China ; Kasachstan ; Ukraine ; Russland ; Investition ; Umweltschutz ; Kreditmarkt
    Abstract: Transition and emerging economies have difficulties developing their financial markets to a level that would provide access to long-term debt finance at an affordable cost. This report examines opportunities beyond the public sector for financing water and other environmental infrastructure. Specifically, opportunities for accessing savings through private financial and capital markets have been examined. The report identifies bottlenecks to the development of local financial markets for environmental infrastructure and discusses policy recommendations to tackle them.
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264023895
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (415 p.)
    Series Statement: The Development Dimension
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Coherence of agricultural and rural development policies
    DDC: 338.18
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    Keywords: Landwirtschaft ; Ländliche Entwicklung ; Agrarpolitik ; Entwicklungsplanung ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Konferenzschrift ; OECD ; Agrarpolitik ; Ländlicher Raum ; Ländliche Entwicklung ; Regionalpolitik
    Abstract: Agriculture is no longer the dominant sector in rural economies in OECD countries. But it is still the key sector in managing the land, and many ancillary industries are dependant on agriculture. Both agricultural and rural policy are changing to respond to society's concerns regarding food safety, food security, animal welfare, environmental protection and the viability of rural areas. These proceedings of the OECD Workshop on Coherence of Agricultural and Rural Development Policies examined these issues through thematic studies and country experiences. They find that rural is not synonymous with agriculture and agriculture is not always rural as much agricultural production occurs in peri-urban areas. The goals of agricultural and rural policies are different, but policy coherence is essential.
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264024823
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Produits énergétiques et écologiques ; Les avantages de la libéralisation des échanges
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Environmental and energy products
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    Keywords: Handelsliberalisierung ; Natürliche Ressourcen ; Erneuerbare Energie ; OECD-Staaten ; Energy ; Environment ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Energietechnik ; Umweltverträgliches Produkt ; Welthandel ; Liberalisierung
    Abstract: This collection of studies is intended to help trade negotiators navigate through the international discussion over liberalising trade in environmental goods and services by exploring in greater depth three categories of environmental goods: environmentally preferable products, renewable-energy products and energy-efficient products. Its three chapters consider the scope and definition of each product category, examine tariff and non-tariff barriers to trade, and explain the environmental effects of liberalising such goods. This book follows a previous volume, Trade that Benefits the Environment and Development: Opening Markets for Environmental Goods and Services, published in 2005,
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264013476
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (122 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: The Development Dimension
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'efficacité de l'aide alimentaire pour le développement ; Les effets de l'aide liée
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The development effectiveness of food aid
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    Keywords: Nahrungsmittelhilfe ; Entwicklung ; Entwicklungsländer ; Agriculture and Food ; Development ; Entwicklungsländer ; Effizienz ; Entwicklungspolitik ; Nahrungsmittelhilfe ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Nahrungsmittelhilfe
    Abstract: The Development Effectiveness of Food Aid: Does Tying Matter? provides a detailed look into two food aid issues. First, the study assesses the effectiveness of the various ways in which food aid can promote food security and poverty alleviation. Second, the study demonstrates that food aid in-kind carries substantial efficiency costs, conservatively estimated as at least 30% on average. In contrast, most local purchases or regionally sourced imports are relatively efficient ways of providing food aid. Thus, there is scope for considerable efficiency gains by switching to less restricted sourcing of food. The study therefore argues that, in most circumstances, financial aid (cash) is the preferable way to fund direct distribution of food or to provide budgetary support for general development or project assistance.
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264010055
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (314 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Analyse coûts-bénéfices et environnement ; Développements récents
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Pearce, David W., 1941 - 2005 Cost-benefit analysis and the environment
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    Keywords: Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse ; Zahlungsbereitschaftsanalyse ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse ; Umweltschutz ; Umweltpolitik ; Umweltökonomie ; Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse
    Abstract: This book presents an in-depth assessment of the most recent conceptual and methodological developments in cost-benefit analysis and the environment. It examines how costs and benefits are evaluated and given monetary value, how to take into account impacts on future generations and impacts of irreversible losses, and how to deal with equity and sustainability issues.
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  • 70
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264025653
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Sustainable Development Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Subsidy reform and sustainable development
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    Keywords: Subvention ; Reform ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Industry and Services ; Konferenzschrift 2005 ; OECD ; Subvention ; Reform ; Subventionspolitik ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: Subsidies are pervasive in OECD countries and are among the most powerful public policy instruments. But they often introduce unintended consequences, such as budget deficits, pollution, unemployment and trade distortions. This report contains the proceedings of an OECD workshop on subsidy reform held in October 2005 under the auspices of the OECD programme on sustainable development. It provides an overview of approaches for assessing subsidies and associated taxes, and looks at country experiences in reforming subsidies in the agriculture, fisheries, industry, and transport sectors.
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264022010
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (266 p.)
    Series Statement: The Development Dimension
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Trade, agriculture and development
    DDC: 338.18
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    Keywords: Agraraußenhandel ; Außenwirtschaftspolitik ; Entwicklung ; Globalisierung ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; Konferenzschrift ; Entwicklungsländer ; OECD ; Entwicklungspolitik ; Welthandel ; Liberalisierung ; Agrarhandel
    Abstract: These proceedings of the OECD Global Forum on Agriculture brought together experts from both developing and developed countries and from both the agriculture and development communities. The papers presented explore why policy coherence is important, how it affects global agricultural trade, and whether it can help reduce poverty and hunger.
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264027138
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (113 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'impact environnemental des transports ; Comment le découpler de la croissance économique
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Decoupling the environmental impacts of transport from economic growth
    DDC: 363.7387
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    Keywords: Verkehr ; Nachhaltige Mobilität ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Welt ; Environment ; Transport ; OECD ; Transport ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Umweltverschmutzung
    Abstract: Transport activity continues to cause large adverse impacts on the environment, human health and the economy. But is a negative impact of transport on the environment a necessary consequence of economic growth? This book illustrates that decoupling the environmental impacts of transport from economic growth is achievable, through the efficient use of charges, fees, taxes and other economic instruments. These economic approaches can complement regulatory measures to encourage a shift towards more environmentally-friendly modes of transport, such as from road to certain forms of rail transport. Other factors which could help to decouple transport impacts from economic growth are improvements in freight transport logistics, and dematerialisation.
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  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264013353
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Series Statement: The Development Dimension
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Agriculture et développement ; Vers des politiques cohérentes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Agriculture and development
    DDC: 338.1
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    RVK:
    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Agraraußenhandel ; Außenwirtschaftspolitik ; Entwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Entwicklungsländer ; Agriculture and Food ; Development ; Entwicklungsländer ; Landwirtschaft ; Entwicklungspolitik ; Agrarpolitik ; Ländliche Entwicklung
    Abstract: With a view to helping policy analysts and decision makers focus on the development impacts of their policies, this report discusses the extent to which OECD country agricultural and agricultural trade policies are coherent with, and supportive of, the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals, particularly the elimination of extreme poverty and hunger. Agriculture and Development: The Case for Policy Coherence defines the ‘where’ (country impact), ‘how’ (most damaging forms of support), ‘which’ (commodity aspects) and ‘who’ (household effects) of agricultural policy reform. It treats the effects of four main categories of OECD country agricultural policies: domestic, trade, regulatory, and development co-operation policies. In each case it identifies the implications from the perspective of making agriculture and development policies more coherent. By providing a survey of the policy coherence dimension in OECD country agricultural policy-making, this report provides the analytical framework that policy makers need to help them weigh their decisions in the light of their countries’ internationally agreed development commitments.
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264012059
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Environmentally harmful subsidies
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    Keywords: Umweltbelastung ; Subvention ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Konferenzschrift ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Umweltpolitik ; Umweltgift
    Abstract: Subsidies are pervasive throughout OECD countries and much of this support is potentially harmful environmentally. This report presents sectoral analyses on agriculture, fisheries, water, energy and transport, proposing a checklist approach to identifying and assessing environmentally harmful subsidies. It also identifies the key tensions and conflicts that are likely to influence subsidy policy making. The book concludes with a discussion of politically feasible subsidy reform strategies.
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  • 75
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264016958
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (194 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Développement durable dans les pays de l'OCDE ; Mettre au point les politiques publiques
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sustainable development in OECD countries
    DDC: 333.715
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    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Internationale Umweltpolitik ; Umweltpolitik ; Wirkungsanalyse ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Umweltschutz ; Geschichte 1992-2003
    Abstract: This publication summarises the lessons learned from the 30 country reviews of sustainable development that have been published since 2002 as part of OECD Economic Surveys. It also examines the concrete action that countries have taken to promote sustainable development while concentrating on the results that have been achieved and the efficiency of achieving the results. The publication focuses on major policy areas including the improvement of environmental policies, raising living standards in developing countries, and ensuring sustainable retirement income policies. Numerous tables provide detailed data and sustainable development indicators that have been used to gauge performance and assess costs.
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  • 76
    ISBN: 9789264009332
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les régimes préférentiels dans les domaines agricole et alimentaire ; Les cas de l'Union européenne et des États-Unis
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Gallezot, Jacques Preferential trading arrangements in agricultural and food markets
    DDC: 382.7
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    Keywords: Handelspräferenzen ; Agraraußenhandel ; EU-Staaten ; USA ; Agriculture and Food ; Development ; Trade ; European Union ; United States ; Europäische Union ; Handelsabkommen ; Agrarmarkt ; Lebensmittelmarkt ; Entwicklungsländer ; USA ; Handelsabkommen ; Agrarmarkt ; Lebensmittelmarkt ; Entwicklungsländer
    Abstract: Developing countries are concerned that multilateral tariff reductions will harm their agricultural sectors because of preference erosion. The findings in this report suggest that although this may indeed be a problem for some countries in some sectors, factors other than preferential schemes may be limiting developing country exports. The report provides information on the extent to which developing countries have used selected, non-reciprocal preferential trading schemes provided by the EU and the US. Secondary data are complemented by interviews with market operators further clarifying the empirical findings. A special section has been devoted to the preferences granted to African countries highlighting the conditions for this set of developing countries.
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  • 77
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264009974
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (324 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Agriculture, Trade and the Environment
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le secteur des grandes cultures
    DDC: 338.173
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    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Trade ; Agrarpolitik ; Getreidewirtschaft ; Welthandel ; Liberalisierung ; Umweltpolitik
    Abstract: This study takes an in-depth look at the arable crops sector in OECD countries and draws some conclusions about the impacts of agricultural support policies, trade liberalisation, agri-environmental payments, and agri-ennvironmental regulations. It contains economic and structural data, agri-environmental indicators for the arable crops sector, and analysis of the policy measures supporting arable crops farming and addressing environmental issues both at the aggregate country level and regional levels. This is the third in a series of in-depth studies being undertaken by the OECD to investigate the linkages between agriculture, trade and the environment. The first study on the pig sector was published in 2003, and the second study on the dairy sector was published in 2004.
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264013742
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (288 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les réglementations environnementales et l'accès au marché
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Environmental requirements and market access
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    Keywords: Umweltpolitik ; Regulierung ; Export ; Entwicklungsländer ; Environment ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Konferenzschrift ; Entwicklungsländer ; Export ; Regulierung ; Umweltschutz
    Abstract: Investigating over twenty cases where exports from developing countries faced new environmental requirements, this OECD report examines how environmental requirements can be trade barriers for developing countries. These case studies, covering a diverse number of products and exporting countries, trace a number of environmental regulations, standards and labelling schemes, from conception through implementation. In so doing, they highlight the difference that sensitivity to potential trade effects can make when designing environmental regulations and standards. They also show that timely technical assistance has played a crucial role in helping exporters from developing countries adjust to new environmental requirements without suffering adverse trade effects.
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9789264009394
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (143 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'environnement et les principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales ; Instruments et méthodes pour les entreprises
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Umwelt und OECD-Leitsätze für multinationale Unternehmen; Betriebliche Instrumente und Konzepte
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. El Medio Ambiente y las Líneas Directrices de la OCDE para Empresas Multinacionales ; Herramientas y Enfoques Empresariales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'environnement et les principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales : Instruments et méthodes pour les entreprises
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Umwelt und OECD-Leitsätze für multinationale Unternehmen: Betriebliche Instrumente und Konzepte
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. El Medio Ambiente y las Líneas Directrices de la OCDE para Empresas Multinacionales : Herramientas y Enfoques Empresariales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Environment and the OECD guidelines for multinational enterprises
    DDC: 658.4083
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    Keywords: Umweltmanagement ; Multinationales Unternehmen ; Umweltbelastung ; Internationale Umweltpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Multinationales Unternehmen ; Umweltbezogenes Management
    Abstract: This book provides a detailed examination of the environment chapter of the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and other relevant provisions of the Guidelines and gives concrete ideas and guidance to enterprises wishing to implement the Guidelines. Topics covered include environmental management systems; public information and stakeholder consultation; life cycle assessment; risk management; emergency preparedness and response; continuous improvements in environmental performance; environmental education and training; and contributing to the development of environmental policy.
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9789264035782
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Biens et services environnementaux ; Pour une ouverture des marchés au service de l'environnement et du développement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Biens et services environnementaux : Pour une ouverture des marchés au service de l'environnement et du développement
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Trade that benefits the environment and development
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    Keywords: Natürliche Ressourcen ; Umweltwirtschaft ; GATS ; OECD-Staaten ; APEC-Staaten ; Environment ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Umweltschutzindustrie ; Umweltschutz ; Dienstleistung ; Außenhandel ; Liberalisierung
    Abstract: This collection of studies is intended as a practical tool to help negotiators navigate the numerous, complex issues that have arisen in international discussions over liberalising trade in environmental goods and services. In addition to explaining the background to the two earlier lists of environmental goods (stemming from separate efforts by the OECD and by the Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation Forum), the different chapters: Explore various practical issues related to the classification of environmental goods, including "dual use" goods. Provide concrete examples of synergies between trade in environmental services and environmental goods. Synthesise the findings of various country studies on environmental goods and services undertaken by the OECD and other inter-governmental organisations.
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264009158
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (265 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; France 2005
    DDC: 333.7
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    Keywords: Environment ; France
    Abstract: Ce rapport consacré à la France évalue les progrès accomplis ou à faire dans la réduction de la charge polluante, la gestion des ressources naturelles, l'intégration des politiques économique et environnementale et le renforcement de la coopération internationale. Les analyses s'appuient sur un large ensemble de données économiques et environnementales.
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  • 82
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264012769
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (154 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Contre vents et marées; Les politiques de développement face au changement climatique
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Bridge over troubled waters
    DDC: 338.927
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    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Entwicklungsplanung ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungsländer ; Environment ; Development ; Klimaänderung
    Abstract: This book is the product of a collaborative effort between the OECD Environment and Development Co-operation directorates on mainstreaming responses to climate change in development planning and assistance. This volume synthesises insights from six country case studies that review climate change impacts and vulnerabilities, analyse relevant national plans and aid investments in terms of their exposure and attention to climate risks, and examine in-depth key systems where climate change is closely intertwined with development and natural resource management. The case studies cover the Nepal Himalayas, Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, the Nile in Egypt, the Bangladesh Sundarbans, coastal mangroves in Fiji, and agriculture and forestry sectors in Uruguay. Overall, the volume suggests a rich agenda for research and policy action which should be of considerable interest to donor agencies, sectoral planners and development practioners, as well as climate change experts and policy makers.
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264105270
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (300 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Economic Aspects of Extended Producer Responsibility; (Chinese version)
    DDC: 650.107
    RVK:
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR), a policy approach in which the responsibility of the waste from a consumer good is extended back up to the producer of the good, is developing and expanding in OECD countries. Governments find that these schemes can provide a new and flexible approach to reduce the upward trend of waste from consumer products. To address these issues, OECD organised a workshop in December 2002, which was hosted by the Japanese Ministry of Environment, in Tokyo. This book contains selected papers presented at this workshop.
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264106642
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 388
    RVK:
    Keywords: Environment ; Transport ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Progress towards Environmentally Sustainable Transport (EST) will require widespread acceptance of this need and a mix of measures designed to achieve the necessary changes to overcome these barriers. Some of the measures will be hard measures, which include taxes, emission standards, speed limits, and other fiscal and regulatory instruments. Others will be soft, such as the provision of information and the use of communication strategies and educational techniques. The book examines the measures needed.
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264015036
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 363.738/746/09177
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    Keywords: Environment ; Industry and Services ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The search for cost-effective environmental policy measures has led to an increase in the use of tradeable permit systems. This publication offers valuable lessons for applying tradeable permits and provides links between policy evaluation and policy making general. It is for government officials responsible for the implementation and reform of tradeable permit systems, researchers concerned with their analysis and evaluation, and other stakeholders interested in the more general issues associated with environmental policy design and evaluation.
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264018624
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (182 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manuel pour la création de marchés de la biodiversité ; Principaux enjeux
    DDC: 333.95/16
    RVK:
    Keywords: Environment ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Striking the right balance between the conservation/sustainable use and the loss of biodiversity requires accounting for all the impacts of its destruction. Weighing the loss against any potential benefits will ensure that the social, as well as economic, well-being of everyone are at the best levels possible. Market-based economic systems have the potential to ensure that such a balancing occurs, but require that all the impacts of its loss, or use, have been fully internalised into market transactions. This book shows how public policy in the form of market creation can be used to internalise the loss of biodiversity. It promotes the use of markets to ensure that our collective preferences for conservation and sustainable use are reflected in economic outcomes.
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264174979
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (332 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 331.763
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    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Development ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift 2002 ; Electronic books ; Agrarhandel ; Armut ; Agrarpolitik ; Agrarwelthandel ; Armut
    Abstract: How do trade liberalisation and rich-country farming policies affect the world’s poor? This publication focuses on that crucial question and underscores its urgency. One in five people worldwide live in extreme poverty with per capita income under a dollar a day. Two in three live in rural areas with farming the dominant source of income. Moreover, the poorest non-farm households spend a relatively large share of their budgets on food. Agricultural policy developments are thus vitally important to all poor people. How can agricultural trade reform serve their needs? What are the potential benefits and dangers of agricultural trade liberalisation? Deriving from the OECD’s on-going co-operation with non-member economies worldwide, this publication tackles various aspects of those fundamental questions on the linkage between farming and poverty.
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264175792
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manuel d'évaluation de la biodiversité ; Guide à l'intention des décideurs
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    Keywords: Environment ; Biodiversität ; Wirtschaftspolitik
    Abstract: All societies depend on biodiversity and biological resources, and policy-makers are increasingly aware that development pressures are today generating unprecedented rates of biodiversity loss. The fact that biodiversity issues often receive low priority in policy decisions is at least in part due to problems involved in assessing its contribution to society -- these values defy easy description and quantification. What cannot be quantified, or is difficult to monitor and evaluate, is easy to disregard. The result is that biodiversity fails to compete on a level playing field in policy decisions with the forces driving their decline. This Handbook describes the types of values usually associated with biodiversity. While there are exceptions to the need to prioritise economic values over other cultural, traditional and spiritual values, economic valuation has a sound theoretical foundation that can help clarify the tradeoffs implicit in public policy decisions. On the other hand, the Handbook recognises the limitations of the economic approach, and considers how economic and non-economic values can eventually be reconciled. The Handbook also reviews the various methodological approaches often used to quantify these values. Data requirements and limitations are discussed. These methodologies are then applied to a series of concrete policy contexts, ranging from land use planning to the determination of legal damages for environmental degradation.
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264196292
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'agriculture et la libéralisation des échanges ; Élargir la portée des Accords d'Uruguay
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    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Trade ; Uruguay
    Abstract: This report provides information on the average tariff levels and on the use of tariff-rate quotas, export subsidies and export credits by selected OECD countries for temperate-zone agricultural products. The implications of further liberalisation of the various instruments over the medium term are examined. The effects of further trade liberalisation of agricultural markets over the medium-term depend significantly on the modalities and prevailing market conditions against which the liberalisation scenarios are compared. On market access, although the largest impact on world prices is from tariff reductions, each of the current trade policy instruments (i.e. out-of-quota tariffs, in-quota tariffs, and tariff rate quotas) would have to be liberalised to obtain the greatest impact. On export subsidies, their current use is already at levels much lower than Uruguay Round commitments, and elimination would have modest effects for most commodities (except dairy products). This situation could change and further discipline on their use would prevent back-tracking. Export credits used by certain countries are also found to distort trade, although the effects on world markets and average prices remain relatively small, due to the small share of trade facilitated by these programmes and their small per-unit effect. Disciplines are necessary, however, to avoid even greater use of all forms of export competition policies. Countries have embarked on a new round of multilateral trade negotiations on agriculture. The challenge facing policy makers is to build upon the foundations of the URAA to further reduce trade distortions. This requires strengthening the disciplines already established and addressing weaknesses of the current agreement, such as those that have been identified in this report.
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264175068
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vers un mode de consommation durable des ménages ? ; Tendances et politiques dans les pays de l'OCDE
    DDC: 339.4/7
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This book provides a comprehensive analysis of household consumption patterns in five key areas: food, tourism-related travel, energy, water and waste generation. It brings together the various elements of household consumption that are necessary to better understand consumption trends and to identify the best policy options towards sustainable consumption. These include data on household consumption trends and drivers, environmental impacts, policy responses and policy recommendations. The analysis shows that environmental impacts from household activities have worsened over the last three decades and are expected to intensify even more over the next twenty years, particularly in the areas of energy, transport and waste if strong and comprehensive policies are not implemented. The book provides a framework and outlines the objectives of policies to promote sustainable consumption. It analyses the effectiveness of different types of policy instruments (regulatory, economic, social) in influencing consumer decision-making, and identifies combinations of instruments for promoting more sustainable consumption.
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264176249
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Pour des transports écologiquement viables ; Les mesures à prendre
    DDC: 388/.049 22
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    Keywords: Environment ; Transport ; Electronic books ; Verkehr ; Umweltverträglichkeit ; Verkehrspolitik
    Abstract: Moving people and freight in an environmentally sustainable manner will be one of the biggest challenges of the 21st century. Overall, insufficient progress has been made so far towards achieving environmental sustainability for the transport sector. A new target-oriented approach is needed that places environment and health at the top of the policy agenda for transport and related sectors, at international, national and local levels. The OECD’s Working Group on Transport recently concluded a five-year work programme with the development of Guidelines for Environmentally Sustainable Transport (EST) and supporting analytical reports, endorsed by OECD Environment Ministers at their meeting in Paris on 16 May 2001.
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264194748
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (352 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La gouvernance pour le développement durable ; Étude de cinq pays de l'OCDE
    RVK:
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance ; Umweltpolitik ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: This publication presents five governmental experiments aimed at promoting sustainable development in Canada, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. These countries were selected on the basis of their diversity in terms of size and natural conditions. They also display a variety of economic, environmental and social conditions and cultural patterns. The five case studies illustrate specific institutional and decision-making efforts to adapt governance frameworks in order to respond to sustainable development challenges. The country studies are introduced by an analytical section, which focuses mainly on the way governments (at all levels) could develop integrated approaches to decision-making, on how they could ensure effective participation of civil society, and how they could improve their capacity to "take a longer-term view" - that is to design policies that remain sustainable over the longer-term.
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264195974
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (72 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Stratégies de réduction des gaz à effet de serre émanant du transport routier ; Méthodes d'analyse
    DDC: 363.738746094
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Environment ; Transport ; Straßengüterverkehr ; Treibhausgas ; Reduktion ; Analytische Methode
    Abstract: What are the measures and strategies already taken by OECD countries to reduce or stabilise greenhouse gases from road transport? What frameworks exist to evaluate the impact and efficiency of these measures and strategies? And how effective are they? With the continued growth forecast in car ownership and distance travelled, what are the expected trends in CO2 emissions and their consequences for the potential achievement of the Kyoto Protocol? What models are available to predict the level of CO2 emissions? Are they useful? This report, which has been prepared by an OECD Working Group, uses a number of illustrative and pragmatic cases to provide important insights into these major questions.
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264193659
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les taxes liées à l'environnement dans les pays de l'OCDE ; Problèmes et stratégies
    DDC: 336.2/783337/09177
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Environment ; Taxation ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Umweltsteuer
    Abstract: It is now widely recognised that a greater use of market based instruments is a key element of effective and economically efficient environmental policies, and an important framework condition for sustainable development. Hence, over the last decade, economic instruments have been playing a growing role in environmental policies of OECD countries. In this context, a distinctive feature is the increasing role of environmentally related taxes. All countries have introduced environmental taxes to a varying extent, and an increasing number of countries are implementing comprehensive green-tax reforms, while others are contemplating doing so. This report analyses current use of environmentally related taxes in OECD Member countries. Focus is given to their environmental effectiveness. The report identifies obstacles to a broader use of such taxes -- in particular the fear of loss of sectoral competitiveness -- and ways to overcome such problems.
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  • 95
    ISBN: 9789264192188
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'Accord sur l'agriculture du cycle d'Uruguay ; Une évaluation de sa mise en oeuvre dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'Accord sur l'agriculture du cycle d'Uruguay : Une évaluation de sa mise en oeuvre dans les pays de l'OCDE
    RVK:
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Trade ; Uruguay ; OECD ; Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations ; Landwirtschaft ; Agrarpolitik
    Abstract: The Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture (URAA) was a turning point in the reform of the agricultural trade system. It imposed disciplines on trade-distorting domestic policies and established new rules in the areas of market access and export competition. How effective have the three disciplines contained in the URAA been in bringing about a reduction in the level of production-related support and protection? Which elements of the disciplines have proved effective and which ineffective? What policy lessons can be drawn from the experience so far? What might be inferred about opportunities and challenges for further trade liberalisation? This report provides some answers to these questions for all OECD countries. A key conclusion of the report is that the immediate quantitative effects of the URAA on trade and protection levels have been modest. The reasons for this include the weakness of many specific features of the URAA including implementation and methodological issues. Countries have already embarked on a new round of multilateral trade negotiations on agriculture. The challenge facing policy makers is to build upon the foundation of the URAA to further reduce trade distortions. This requires strengthening the disciplines already established under the URAA and addressing those weaknesses of the current agreement which have been identified in this study.
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264193253
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 363.610947
    RVK:
    Keywords: Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Konferenzschrift ; Gemeinschaft Unabhängiger Staaten ; Wasserwirtschaft ; Almaty ; Gemeinschaft Unabhängiger Staaten ; Wasserwirtschaft ; Almaty
    Abstract: In the former Soviet Union, extensive networks were constructed to supply urban populations with clean, safe water. However, the networks were not well designed and this resulted in low quality water services and high operation and maintenance costs. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the condition of water infrastructure deteriorated more dramatically following sharp decreases in public budgets and the continued tradition of providing water services virtually free of charge. Without urgent action, the quality of services will continue to worsen and, in some of the New Independent States (NIS) of the former Soviet Union, may even collapse, with serious consequences for human health and economic activity. This volume analyses the causes underlying this dire situation and presents recommendations for addressing it which were adopted at a meeting of Economic/Finance and Environment Ministers held in Almaty, Kazakhstan, in October 2000. The meeting was organized within the framework of the EAP Task Force, with its Secretariat at OECD, and involved key stakeholders from the governmental and non-governmental sectors. The EAP Task Force will implement a focused programme of work guided by the main recommendations agreed by participants.
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264193185
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (420 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Développement durable ; Les grandes questions
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Transport ; Economics ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: How can we meet the needs of today without diminishing the capacity of future generations to meet theirs? This is the central question posed by "sustainable development". OECD countries committed themselves to sustainable development at the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development in Rio, yet - almost ten years later - progress accomplished remains partial and uneven. Drawing on analysis carried forward in response to a mandate from OECD Ministers in 1998, this report stresses the urgency to address some of the most pressing challenges for sustainable development. It reviews the conceptual foundations of sustainable development, its measurement, and the institutional reforms needed to make it operational. It then discusses how international trade and investment, as well as development co-operation, can contribute to sustainable development on a global basis, and reviews the experience of OECD countries in using market-based, regulatory and technology policies to reach sustainability goals in a cost-effective way. The report also provides an in-depth analysis of policies designed to address key threats to sustainability in the areas of climate change and natural resource management, as well as of those that respond to sustainability concerns at the sectoral and sub-national level. The common thrust of the report is that substantial opportunities exist to make economic growth, environmental protection, and social development mutually reinforcing.
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264180659
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (364 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Environment ; Industry and Services ; Konferenzschrift 1999 ; Welthandel ; Liberalisierung ; Umweltveränderung
    Abstract: How can the environmental effects of trade liberalisation agreements be assessed ? Are available methodologies sufficiently tuned to current concerns? In order to take stock of the state of the art in assessment methodologies, the OECD organised a two-day technical workshop to focus on past practice and new tools for assessing the environmental effects of trade agreements. Some two dozen experts from governments, international organisations, universities international organisations, universities and NGOs active in this area presented lessons from past practice and results of the considerable advances made in recent years. This volume brings together the papers presented during the two-day workshop by the invited experts and the comments from a range of governmental and international organisation practitioners and representatives of civil society who participated in the workshop. In addition to the presentations on methodologies, this book includes the workshop rapporteur's summary of the gaps in the existing research in this field.
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  • 99
    ISBN: 9789164180292
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: China in the Global Economy
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. The agro-food processing sector in China
    RVK:
    Keywords: 00.10.1999 ; Agroindustrie ; Agrarprodukt ; Ernährungsindustrie ; China ; Agricultural industries China ; Congresses ; Food industry and trade China ; Congresses ; Produce trade China ; Congresses ; Agriculture and Food ; Economics ; China, People’s Republic ; China Foreign economic relations ; Congresses ; Aufsatzsammlung ; China ; Lebensmittelindustrie ; China ; Agrarprodukt ; Industrie ; China ; Agrarproduktion
    Abstract: China’s food processing sector has arrived at a decisive stage. While primary agriculture has continued to expand at an astounding pace and final consumers have experienced an extended period of rapid income growth, progress at the intermediary stage, the agro-processing sector, has remained limited. Today, a growing need to catch up with these developments has become manifest, but a number of challenges have emerged simultaneously. They include the need to adjust to increasingly diversified consumer demands, to improve the quality and nutritional content of foods, to introduce new food products, to shift to more sophisticated processing methods, to adopt innovative packaging methods, and to comply with new labelling requirements. These developments give rise to a number of questions. What do these changes mean for China’s food processors? Is China’s agriculture adequately prepared for these changes? How can farmers take advantage of these changes? What structural adjustments are needed to meet the challenges arising from the changes in domestic and international food markets? The papers in this Proceedings document try to answer these and many other important questions revolving around changes in, and challenges for, China’s agro-processing sector.
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264188457
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD proceedings
    Series Statement: Sustainable development
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Innovation and the environment
    RVK:
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Umwelttechnik ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Innovation ; Umweltpolitik ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Umweltpolitik ; Innovation
    Abstract: How can innovation and technology better contribute to environmental sustainability? What factors drive firms to innovate for the environment? How can environmental and innovation policies be better designed to stimulate innovation for the environment? How can better policy coherence be achieved? A recent OECD workshop addressed these crucial questions that lead to a better understanding of the interaction between innovation and the environment and explored elements of "best practice" policies that can stimulate innovation for the environment and shift our development path towards sustainability.
    Note: Papers presented at a workshop held in June 2000 by the Working Party on Innovation and Technology Policy of the OECD Committee for Scientific and Technological Policy
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