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  • Online Resource  (731)
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  • Online Resource  (731)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : République slovaque 2011 (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264121850
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Slovak Republic 2011
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Slovak Republic 2011; (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Slovak Republic 2011
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Slovak Republic 2011: (Slovak version)
    Keywords: Environment ; Slovak Republic
    Abstract: Le programme d’examens environnementaux de l'OCDE propose des évaluations indépendantes des progrès accomplis par les pays eu égard à leurs engagements nationaux et internationaux en matière d’environnement, ainsi que des recommandations orientées vers l’action des pouvoirs publics. Ces examens ont pour objectif de promouvoir l’apprentissage entre pairs, d’encourager les pays à rendre compte de leur action aux autres pays et à leur opinion publique, ainsi que d’améliorer les performances environnementales des gouvernements, individuellement et collectivement. Les analyses s’appuient sur un large éventail de données économiques et environnementales. Cet ouvrage est le deuxième examen effectué par l'OCDE des performances environnementales de la République slovaque. Le précédent examen a été publié en 2002.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264121850-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Israe͏̈l 2011 (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264168541
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (225 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Israel 2011
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Israel 2011
    Keywords: Environment ; Israel
    Abstract: Depuis quelques années, Israël renforce sa politique d’environnement et devrait maintenant mettre au point un plan de croissance verte regroupant les politiques environnementale, économique et sociale. Telle est la principale recommandation formulée par l’Examen des performances environnementales de l’OCDE : Israël 2011. Ce rapport constitue le premier examen de l’OCDE consacré à la politique de l'environnement d’Israël depuis l’adhésion du pays à l’Organisation, l’année dernière. Compte tenu de sa superficie relativement petite, de ses faibles ressources en eau, de la densité de sa population et de son taux élevé d’urbanisation, Israël doit faire face à des défis environnementaux pressants. Le pays a réalisé des progrès appréciables en ce qui concerne la pollution atmosphérique et l’utilisation de l’eau notamment. Ce faisant, Israël a développé un secteur des « technologies propres » dynamique. Cependant, sa forte croissance économique et démographique fait peser sur l’environnement des pressions de plus en plus fortes, imputables à la production de déchets, à la dégradation des habitats et aux émissions de gaz à effet de serre. L’Examen présente 41 recommandations pour aider le pays à relever ces défis.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264168541-fr
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mortality Risk Valuation in Environment, Health and Transport Policies (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264130807
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Transport
    Abstract: The book presents a major meta-analysis of 'value of a statistical life' (VSL) estimates derived from surveys where people around the world have been asked about their willingness to pay for small reduction in mortality risks. The analysis seeks to explain the differences in the estimates, for example across countries. Differences in incomes and the magintude of the risk reduction people have been asked to value were found to be the factors having the strongest impact on VSL, but a number of other policy-relevant factors are also important. Based on the meta-analysis, and a broad review of the literature, the book also presents clear advice on how VSL values best can be used in assessments of environmental, health and transport policies, such as in cost-benefit analyses. Using explicit VSL estimates to quantify the benefits to society of fatality risk reductions can play an important role in the development of more cost-effective public policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264130807-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Strategic Environmental Assessment in Development Practice : A Review of Recent Experience (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264166745
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Strategic environmental assessment in development practice
    Keywords: Umweltverträglichkeit ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungsländer ; Environment ; Development ; Entwicklungsländer ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Umweltverträglichkeit
    Abstract: The principles of sustainable development play an integral role in making development assistance work at the level of policies, plans and programmes. In response to the Paris Declaration call to “… develop and apply common approaches for ‘Strategic Environmental Assessment’ at sector and national levels” among donors and partners, the Guidance on Applying Strategic Environmental Assessment was endorsed in 2006 by members of the OECD Development Assistance Committee, representatives of developing countries receiving aid, the United Nations Development Programme, the United Nations Environment Programme, the World Bank and many other agencies. Since then, a growing number of countries at all levels of development have legislation or regulations prescribing the application of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA)  and many more are introducing it as part of their policy tools. This is creating unique opportunities for better policy making and planning by incorporating environmental considerations into high-level decision-making and opening new mechanisms to build consensus on development priorities within governments themselves and between governments and societies. Many development co-operation agencies and their partners are already making good progress in applying SEA. This publication presents the nine most interesting case studies of SEA in progress, selected from a total 100. These nine cases highlight that SEA can:• Safeguard environmental assets for sustainable poverty reduction and development;• Build public engagement in decision making;• Prevent costly mistakes by alerting decision-makers to potentially unsustainable development options at an early stage in the decision-making process;• Speed up implementation of projects and programmes;• Facilitate co-operation around shared environmental resources and contribute to conflict prevention.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264166745-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    National legislative and regulatory activities (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2011, no. 2, p. 75-97
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 p
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2011, no. 2, p. 75-97
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Bulgaria ; Czech Republic ; France ; Germany ; India ; Ireland ; Korea, Republic of ; Lithuania ; Poland ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Turkey ; United States
    Abstract: Bulgaria General legislation Czech Republic General legislation France General legislation Regulatory infrastructure and activity Germany General legislation India Liability and compensation Organisation and structure Ireland Radiation protection General legislation Korea (Republic of) Organisation and structure Lithuania Regulatory infrastructure and activity Radioactive waste management Radiation protection International co-operation Nuclear safety Poland General legislation Romania Environmental protection Russian Federation Radioactive waste management Slovenia Nuclear safety Spain Liability and compensation Nuclear security Sweden Nuclear safety Turkey Radiation protection Regulatory infrastructure and activity Nuclear safety Liability and compensation United States General legislation
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2011-5k9gw8km6k32
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Intergovernmental organisation activities (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2011, no. 2, p. 99-106
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 8 p
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2011, no. 2, p. 99-106
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: European Atomic Energy Community Adopted legislative instruments Reports Meetings International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA Action Plan on Nuclear Safety Non-binding instrument on the transboundary movement of scrap metal 55th IAEA General Conference Basic Safety Standards Nuclear Law Institute OECD Nuclear Energy Agency Basic Safety Standards International Nuclear Law Essentials International School of Nuclear Law New members Russian Federation request for membership
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2011-5k9gw8km4w7h
    URL: Volltext
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    National Legislative and Regulatory Activities (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 71-91
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Travaux Législatifs et Réglementaires Nationaux : (French version)
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 71-91
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Brazil ; China, People’s Republic ; France ; Italy ; Japan ; Lithuania ; Luxembourg ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Turkey ; United States
    Abstract: Brazil Resolution of the National Council on Energy Policy on the Resumption of Construction of a Thermonuclear Plant (2007) France Decree on Technical Enquiries in the Event of Incidents or Accidents Relating to Nuclear Activities (2007) Order on the Organisation of the General Directorate of Enterprises (GDE) within the Ministry of Industry (2007) Decree on the Listing of Basic Nuclear Installations (2007) Decree on Basic Nuclear Installations and Verifying the Nuclear Safety of Radioactive Materials Transport (2007) Italy Decree Implementing the Council Directive 2003/122/Euratom on the Control of High-activity Sealed Radioactive Sources and Orphan Sources (2007) Amendment to the Environmental Law Decree (2007) Japan Amendment to the Law on Final Disposal of High-level Radioactive Waste (2007) Lithuania Law on the Nuclear Power Plant (2007) Luxembourg Grand-ducal Regulations on the Protection of the Public Against the Risks Resulting from Ionising Radiation (2006) Law on Approving the Agreement Between Luxembourg and Belgium Relating to Information Exchange in the Event of an Incident or Accident (2006) People’s Republic of China Regulations on the Management and Monitoring of Nuclear Safety Equipment for Civilian Use (2007) Official Reply of the State Council to Questions on the Liabilities of Compensation for Damages Resulting from Nuclear Accidents (2007) Romania Government Decision on the Monitoring of the Health of Personnel (2007) Order on Physical Protection of Nuclear Materials During Transport (2007) Order on Preventive Protection of Nuclear Installations (2007)Order on the Verification of the Physical Protection System of Nuclear Installations (2007) Ordinance on the Safe Management of Radioactive Waste (2007) Government Decision Regarding Financial Resources Necessary for the Safe Management of Radioactive Waste (2007) Amendment of the Law on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage (2007) Russian Federation Reform of the Russian Nuclear Power Industry (2007) Slovak Republic Atomic Act Amendment on Alternative Financing of the Nuclear Regulatory Body (2007) Slovenia Decree on the Control of Radioactive Contamination in the Shipment of Scrap Metal (2007) Spain Amendment to the Nuclear Energy Act (2007) Sweden Decision on the Merger of Regulatory Authorities (2007) Turkey Law Concerning the Construction and Operation of Nuclear Power Plants and the Sale of Energy Generated from Those Plants (2007) United States Final Rule Amending Regulations Applicable to the Licensing of New Nuclear Power Plants (2007) Final Rule Implementing a National Source Tracking System (2006) Final Rule on Design Basis Threat (2007)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2007-5k9gw7n4rs9q
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Travaux Réglementaires Internationaux (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 115-124
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 10 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. International Regulatory Activities
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 115-124
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; European Union
    Abstract: Agence de l’OCDE pour l’Énergie Nucléaire Décision relative à l’exclusion de petites quantités de substances nucléaires du champ d’application de la Convention de Paris (2007) Union Européenne Décision du Conseil autorisant la République de Slovénie à ratifier la Convention de Paris (2007) Décision du Conseil portant approbation de l’adhésion de la Communauté européenne de l’énergie atomique à la Convention sur la protection physique des matières nucléaires (2007)Décision du Conseil instituant une entreprise commune pour ITER et le développement de l’énergie de fusion et lui conférant des avantages (2007) Agence Internationale de l’Énergie Nucléaire Convention internationale pour la répression des actes de terrorisme nucléaire (2007)Résolution relative à l’exclusion de petites quantités de matières nucléaires du champ d’application de la Convention de Vienne (2007) Groupe international d’experts en responsabilité nucléaire (2007) Code de conduite sur la sûreté et la sécurité des sources radioactives et Orientations pour l’importation et l’exportation de sources radioactives (2007) 51ème Conférence générale de l’AIEA
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2007-5k9gvsqwkvq1
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    International Regulatory Activities (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 111-119
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 9 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Travaux Réglementaires Internationaux
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 111-119
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; European Union
    Abstract: European Union Council Decision Authorising the Republic of Slovenia to Ratify the 2004 Protocol Amending the Paris Convention (2007) Council Decision Approving the Accession of the European Atomic Energy Community to the Amended Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material (2007) Council Decision Establishing the European Joint Undertaking for ITER and the Development of Fusion Energy and Conferring Advantages upon it (2007) International Atomic Energy Agency Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism (2007) Resolution on the Exclusion of Small Quantities of Nuclear Material from the Application of the Vienna Convention (2007) International Expert Group on Nuclear Liability (2007) Code of Conduct on the Safety and Security of Radioactive Sources and its Supplementary Guidance (2007) 51st IAEA General Conference OECD Nuclear Energy Agency Decision on the Exclusion of Small Quantities of Nuclear Substances from the Application of the Paris Convention (2007)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2007-5k9gw7n4l1xn
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Administrative Decisions (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 57-58
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 2 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Décisions administratives
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 57-58
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Sweden
    Abstract: Sweden Environmental Court Decision on Initial Measures for the Dismantling of Barsebäck (2006)*
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2007-5k9gvsb15rzr
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Case Law (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 57-57
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Jurisprudence
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 57-57
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Germany
    Abstract: Germany Judgement of the Federal Administrative Court on the Konrad Repository Project (2007)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2007-5k9gvsb1q8g0
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Travaux réglementaires internationaux (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 83-84
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 2 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. International Regulatory Activities
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 83-84
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; European Union
    Abstract: Union européenne Directive du Conseil relative à la surveillance et au contrôle des transferts de déchets radioactifs et de combustible nucléaire usé (2006)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2007-5k9gvs5ldl26
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    International Regulatory Activities (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 77-78
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 2 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Travaux réglementaires internationaux
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 77-78
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; European Union
    Abstract: European Union Council Directive on the Supervision and Control of Shipments of Radioactive Waste and Spent Fuel (2006)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2007-5k9gvsb12146
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Multilateral agreements (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2011, no. 2, p. 107-129
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 p
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2011, no. 2, p. 107-129
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This article describes the status of nuclear multilateral agreements in force as of December 2011.
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2011-5k9gw8km0fbn
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Texts (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 93-110
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 18 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Textes de lois
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 93-110
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; China, People’s Republic ; Lithuania ; Turkey
    Abstract: Lithuania Law on the Nuclear Power Plant (2007) People’s Republic of China Official Reply of the State Council to Questions on the Liabilities of Compensation for Damages Resulting from Nuclear Accidents (2007) Turkey Unofficial Translation of the Turkish Law No. 5710 Concerning the Construction and Operation of Nuclear Power Plants and the Sale of Energy Generated from Those Plants (2007)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2007-5k9gw7n4pn5d
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Jurisprudence (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 61-61
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Case Law
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 61-61
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Germany
    Abstract: Allemagne Jugement du Tribunal fédéral administratif portant sur le projet de dépôt Konrad (2007)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2007-5k9gvs5llh35
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    National Legislative and Regulatory Activities (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 59-75
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 17 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Travaux législatifs et réglementaires nationaux
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 59-75
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Argentina ; Australia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Iceland ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Italy ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Poland ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Sweden
    Abstract: Argentina Amendment to the Criminal Code (2004) Australia Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO) Amendment Act (2006) Commonwealth Radioactive Waste Management Legislation Amendment Act (2006) Finland Amendments to the Radiation Act and Radiation Decree (2005) France Decree on Securing Financing for Nuclear Charges (2007)Decree Licensing the Construction of the Basic Nuclear Installation “Flamanville 3” Comprising an EPR Reactor (2007) Germany Amendment to the Act on Preventive Radiation Protection (2006) Administrative Provisions on the Supervision of Environmental Radioactivity (2006)Ordinance on Radioactive Drugs (2007) Amendment to the Ordinance on the Treatment of Foodstuffs with Radiation (2006) European Agreement Relating to the International Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR) (2006)Ordinance on the Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Road and Rail (2006)Ordinance to Amend the RID Regulations (2006) Ordinance on the Transportation of Dangerous Goods on the Rhine and Mosel Rivers (2006) Amendments to the 1961 Foreign Trade Act and to the 1993 Foreign Trade Ordinance (2006) Iceland Regulations in the Field of Radiation Protection (2003) Indonesia Decree on Nuclear Reactor Licensing (2006) Ireland Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road Act 1998 (Appointment of Competent Authorities) Order (2006) Italy Decree on Emergency Planning with Regard to the Transport of Radioactive and Fissile Materials (2006) Netherlands Covenant Between the Government and the Borssele Operator Concerning the Life Extension (2006) New Zealand Consolidated Edition of the 1965 Radiation Protection Act (2005) Poland Regulation on Ionising Radiation Sources (2006) Romania Decision Approving the Structure and Organisation of the Romanian Nuclear Agency (2007)Amendment of the 2003 Decision Approving the Internal Rules of the National Commission for the Control of Nuclear Activities (CNCAN) (2007) Amendment of the 2003 Ordinance on the Management of Spent Nuclear Fuel and Radioactive Waste, including Final Disposal (2007) Russian Federation Act on Administrative and Property Management of the Civilian Nuclear Energy Sector (2007) Slovak Republic Amendment of the Atomic Act (2007) Slovenia Regulation on Monitoring of Radioactivity (2007) South Africa Regulations on the Contents of the Annual Public Report (2006)Regulations on the Keeping of Records (2006)Regulations on Safety Standards and Regulatory Practices (2006) Sweden Amendment to the Act and Ordinance on Nuclear Activities (2006)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2007-5k9gvsb13rf5
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  • 18
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    Jurisprudence (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 69-73
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 5 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Case Law
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 69-73
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France ; South Africa ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Abstract: Afrique du Sud Jugement de la Haute Cour du Cap dans l’affaire McDonald et autres c. Ministère de l’Énergie et des Ressources minières et autres (2007) États-Unis Jugement de la Cour d’appel des États-Unis relatif à la prise en compte des effets d’attentats terroristes sur l’environnement (2006) Annulation de la décision de la Court of Federal Claims des États-Unis concernant l’indemnisation en vertu de la Loi Price Anderson des frais de justice engagés dans une action en responsabilité civile (2007) France Arrêt de la Cour européenne des Droits de l’Homme, relatif au droit à un procès équitable, dans le contentieux opposant le Collectif stop Melox et Mox à la France (2007) Décision du Conseil d’État concernant l’annulation d’un décret relatif à l’installation nucléaire de la base de Brennilis, pour défaut d’information et de consultation du public (2007) Royaume-Uni Décision du tribunal d’instance de Wick condamnant l’Autorité de l’énergie atomique du Royaume-Uni pour exposition au plutonium (2007)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2007-5k9gvsqxb1f5
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  • 19
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    Documents and legal texts (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2011, no. 2, p. 131-200
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 70 p
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2011, no. 2, p. 131-200
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; European Union ; India ; Korea, Republic of ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: European Union Council Directive 2011/70/EURATOM of 19 July 2011 establishing a Community framework for the responsible and safe management of spent fuel and radioactive waste India The Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Rules Republic of Korea Act on Establishment and Operation of Nuclear Safety Commission Russian Federation Federal Law on the Management of Radioactive Wastes and amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2011-5k9gw8klx9hb
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  • 20
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    Travaux législatifs et réglementaires nationaux (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 63-81
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 19 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. National Legislative and Regulatory Activities
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 63-81
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Argentina ; Australia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Iceland ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Italy ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Poland ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Sweden
    Abstract: Afrique du Sud Règlement sur le contenu du rapport public annuel (2006)Règlement sur la conservation de rapports (2006) Règlement sur les normes de sûreté et les pratiques réglementaires (2006) Allemagne Amendement à la Loi sur la protection préventive contre les radiations (2006) Dispositions administratives relatives à la surveillance de la radioactivité environnementale (2006) Décret relatif aux médicaments radioactifs (2007)Amendement au Décret sur le traitement des denrées alimentaires par radiation (2006)Accord européen relatif au transport international des marchandises dangereuses par route (ADR) (2006) Décret sur le transport des marchandises dangereuses par route ou par chemin de fer (2006)Décret d’amendement au Règlement RID (2006) Ordonnance sur le transport des marchandises dangereuses sur le Rhin et la Moselle (2006)Amendements à la Loi de 1961 sur le commerce extérieur et à l’Ordonnance de 1993 sur le commerce extérieur (2006) Argentine Amendement au Code Pénal (2004) Australie Loi d’amendement sur l’Organisation australienne de la science et de la technologie nucléaires (ANSTO) (2006) Loi d’amendement à la législation fédérale sur la gestion des déchets radioactifs (2006) Finlande Amendements de la Loi relative aux rayonnements et du Décret relatif aux rayonnements (2005) France Décret relatif à la sécurisation du financement des charges nucléaires (2007)Décret autorisant la création de l’installation nucléaire de base « Flamanville 3 », comportant un réacteur nucléaire de type EPR (2007) Indonésie Décret relatif à l’autorisation des réacteurs nucléaires (2006) Irlande Ordonnance de la Loi de 1998 relative au transport de marchandises dangereuses par route (désignation des autorités compétentes) (2006) Islande Règlements dans le domaine de la radioprotection (2003) Italie Décret sur les interventions en cas d’urgence concernant le transport de matières radioactives et fissiles (2006) Nouvelle-Zélande Édition consolidée de la Loi de 1965 sur la protection contre les radiations (2005) Pays-Bas Accord entre le gouvernement et l’exploitant de Borssele relatif au prolongement de la durée de vie de l’installation (2006) Pologne Règlement relatif aux sources de rayonnements ionisants (2006) République Slovaque Amendement de la Loi atomique (2007) Roumanie Décision approuvant la structure et l’organisation de l’Agence nucléaire roumaine (2007)Amendement à la Décision de 2003 approuvant les règles internes de la Commission nationale du contrôle des activités nucléaires (CNCAN) (2007) Amendement à l’Ordonnance de 2003 sur la gestion du combustible nucléaire usé et des déchets radioactifs, y compris leur évacuation définitive (2007) Fédération de Russie Loi sur la gestion administrative et immobilière du secteur de l’énergie nucléaire civile (2007) Slovénie Règlement relatif au contrôle de la radioactivité (2007) Suède Amendement à la Loi et à l’Ordonnance sur les activités nucléaires (2006)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2007-5k9gvs5lg8wf
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  • 21
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    Case Law (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 65-69
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 5 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Jurisprudence
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 65-69
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France ; South Africa ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Abstract: France Judgement of the European Court of Human Rights on the Right to a Fair Trial, in the Litigation Collectif Stop MELOX and MOX versus France (2007) Decision of the Council of State Quashing a Decree Concerning a Nuclear Installation in Brennilis, for the Want of Public Information and Consultation (2007) South Africa Judgement of the Cape High Court in the Case of McDonald and Others versus Minister of Minerals and Energy and Others (2007) United Kingdom Decision of the Wick Sheriff Court Fining UKAEA for Plutonium Exposure (2007) United States Judgement of the US Court of Appeals on Environmental Analysis of the Effects of Terrorism (2006) Vacatur of US Court of Federal Claims Decision Regarding Price-Anderson Compensation of Costs in a Private Tort Claim (2007)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2007-5k9gw7n4tp22
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  • 22
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    Décisions administratives (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 61-62
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 2 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Administrative Decisions
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 61-62
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Sweden
    Abstract: Suède Décision du Tribunal environnemental relatif aux mesures initiales pour le démantèlement de Barsebäck (2006)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2007-5k9gvs5lj3zv
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  • 23
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    Travaux Législatifs et Réglementaires Nationaux : (French version) (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 75-96
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 22 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. National Legislative and Regulatory Activities
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 75-96
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Brazil ; China, People’s Republic ; France ; Italy ; Japan ; Lithuania ; Luxembourg ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Turkey ; United States
    Abstract: Brésil Résolution du Conseil national de politique énergétique sur la reprise de la construction d’une centrale thermonucléaire (2007) République Populaire de Chine Règlement relatif à la gestion et au contrôle des équipements de sûreté nucléaire à usage civil (2007) Réponse officielle du Conseil des Affaires d’État aux questions relatives à la responsabilité civile pour les dommages résultant d’accidents nucléaires (2007) Espagne Amendement à la loi sur l’énergie nucléaire (2007) États-Unis Règle finale modifiant la réglementation applicable à la délivrance d’autorisations pour les centrales nucléaires (2007) Règle finale mettant en oeuvre le système national de suivi des sources (2006) Règle finale relative à la menace de référence (2007) France Décret relatif aux enquêtes techniques sur les accidents ou incidents concernant une activité nucléaire (2007)Arrêté relatif à l’organisation de la Direction générale des entreprises (DGE) du Ministère chargé de l’industrie (2007)Décret relatif à la nomenclature des installations nucléaires de base (2007)Décret relatif aux installations nucléaires de base et au contrôle, en matière de sûreté nucléaire, du transport de substances radioactives (2007) Italie Décret d’application de la Directive 2003/122/Euratom du Conseil du 22 décembre 2003 relative au contrôle des sources radioactives scellées de haute activité et des sources orphelines (2007) Modification du décret sur le droit de l’environnement (2007) Japon Amendement à la loi relative au stockage définitif des déchets de haute activité (2007) Lituanie Loi relative à la centrale nucléaire d’Ignalina (2007) Luxembourg Règlement grand-ducal concernant la protection de la population contre les dangers résultant des rayonnements ionisants (2006)Loi portant approbation de l’Accord entre le Luxembourg et la Belgique relatif aux échanges d’informations en cas d’incident ou d’accident (2006) Roumanie Décision du gouvernement relative à la surveillance sanitaire des travailleurs (2007) Arrêté relatif à la protection physique des matières nucléaires durant leur transport (2007) Arrêté relatif aux mesures préventives destinées à protéger les installations nucléaires (2007)Arrêté relatif au contrôle des systèmes de protection physique des installations nucléaires (2007)Ordonnance relative à la sûreté de la gestion des déchets radioactifs (2007)Décision du gouvernement relative aux ressources financières nécessaires à la sûreté de la gestion des déchets radioactifs (2007) Amendement à la loi sur la responsabilité civile pour les dommages nucléaires (2007) Fédération de Russie Réforme de l’industrie électronucléaire russe (2007) République Slovaque Amendement à la loi atomique relatif au financement de l’autorité de sûreté nucléaire (2007) Slovénie Décret relatif au contrôle de la contamination radioactive du chargement de ferraille (2007) Suède Décision relative à la fusion des autorités de contrôle (2007) Turquie Loi relative à la construction et à l’exploitation de centrales nucléaires et à la vente de l’énergie produite par ces centrales (2007)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2007-5k9gvsqx8f5f
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  • 24
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    Case law (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2011, no. 2, p. 65-74
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 10 p
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2011, no. 2, p. 65-74
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Canada ; European Union ; France ; Slovak Republic ; United States
    Abstract: Canada Judicial review of Darlington new nuclear power plant projectAppeal decision upholding criminal convictions related to attempt to export nuclear-related dual-use items to Iran: Her Majesty the Queen v. Yadegari European Commission Greenland cases France Chernobyl accident – decision of dismissal of the Court of Appeal of Paris Slovak Republic Aarhus Convention compliance update United States Judgement of a US court of appeals upholding the NRC’s dismissal of challenges to the renewal of the operating licence for Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2011-5k9gw8km868v
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  • 25
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    Textes de lois (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 97-114
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 18 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Texts
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 97-114
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; China, People’s Republic ; Lithuania ; Turkey
    Abstract: Lituanie Loi relative à la centrale nucléaire d’Ignalina (2007) République Populaire de Chine Réponse officielle du Conseil des Affaires d’État aux questions relatives à la responsabilité civile pour les dommages résultant d’accidents nucléaires (2007) Turquie Traduction non officielle de la Loi relative à l’exploitation de centrales nucléaires et à la vente de l’énergie produite par ces centrales (2007)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2007-5k9gvsqx669w
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  • 26
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    Essai n 456 : Essai de stéroi͏̈dogenèse H295R (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264122802
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (22 p)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 456; H295R Steroidogenesis Assay
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 456: H295R Steroidogenesis Assay
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice décrit un essai in vitro permettant de détecter les effets de produits chimiques sur la stéroïdogenèse, en particulier la production de 17β-œstradiol (E2) et de testostérone (T). La lignée cellulaire H295R de carcinome surrénalien humain, utilisée pour cet essai, exprime les gènes qui codent toutes les enzymes clés pour la stéroïdogenèse. Après une période d’acclimatation de 24 h dans les plaques de culture multi-puits, les cellules sont exposées pendant 48 h à sept concentrations du produit chimique d’essai, au moins en triplicat. Le solvant ainsi qu’un inhibiteur et un inducteur connus de la production des hormones sont employés à une concentration fixe comme témoins négatifs et positifs. À la fin de la période d’exposition, on analyse la viabilité des cellules de chaque puits. Plusieurs méthodes peuvent être utilisées pour mesurer la concentration des hormones dans le milieu, notamment les trousses commerciales de dosage des hormones ou des techniques instrumentales comme les systèmes combinés de chromatographie en phase liquide et spectrométrie de masse. Les données sont exprimées sous la forme d’un facteur multiplicatif de changement par rapport au témoin solvant et d’une concentration minimale avec effet observé. Si l’essai est négatif, la plus forte concentration testée est indiquée sous la dénomination de «concentration sans effet observé».
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264122802-fr
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  • 27
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    Paying for Biodiversity : Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services (Romanian version) (2011)
    Vienna : WWF Danube-Carpathian Programme
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264124974
    Language: Romanian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (201 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Paying for Biodiversity; Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Payer pour la biodiversité ; Améliorer l'efficacité-coût des paiements pour services écosystémiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Paying for Biodiversity; Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services (Bulgarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Paying for Biodiversity: Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Payer pour la biodiversité : Améliorer l'efficacité-coût des paiements pour services écosystémiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Paying for Biodiversity: Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services (Bulgarian version)
    Keywords: Environment
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264124974-ro
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  • 28
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    Test No. 234: Fish Sexual Development Test (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264122369
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (44 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 234 ; Essai de développement sexuel des poissons
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 234 : Essai de développement sexuel des poissons
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes an assay that assesses early life-stage effects and potential adverse consequences of putative endocrine disrupting chemicals (e.g. oestrogens, androgens and steroidogenesis inhibitors) on fish sexual development. In the test, fish are exposed, from newly fertilized egg until the completion of sexual differentiation at about 60 days post hatch, to at least three concentrations of the test substance dissolved in water. In each treatment level and control(s) group(s), a minimum of four replicates is recommended. At termination of the test, two core endpoints are measured in each fish: vitellogenin concentration from head and tail or from blood sampling, and proportion of males, females, intersex and undifferentiated fish through gonadal histology. In fish species possessing a genetic sex marker, the genetic sex is identified to determine sex reversal in individual fish. The combination of the two core endocrine endpoints, vitellogenin concentration and phenotypic (and possibly genotypic) sex ratio, enable the test to indicate the mode of action of the test chemical.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264122369-en
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  • 29
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    OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Norway 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264098473
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environmentaux de l'OCDE; Norvège 2011
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environmentaux de l'OCDE: Norvège 2011
    Keywords: Environment ; Norway
    Abstract: This report presents the third OECD review of Norway’s environmental policy performance. Previous reviews were published in 2001 and 1993. Topics covered in this report include greening growth, implementation of environmental policies, international cooperation, climate change, waste management and the 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle), and nature and biodiversity.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264098473-en
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  • 30
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    Les déchets radioactifs : mise en perspective (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264092648
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (218 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Développement de l'énergie nucléaire
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Radioactive Waste in Perspective
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Chaque année on produit de grandes quantités de déchets dangereux, mais seule une faible proportion est constituée de déchets radioactifs. Si, globalement, on a trouvé des solutions satisfaisantes pour la gestion des déchets dangereux, certaines catégories posent des problèmes analogues au stockage des déchets radioactifs et exigent aussi un stockage de longue durée. Avec cette étude, l'AEN entend mettre en perspective la gestion des déchets radioactifs, d'abord par une comparaison des caractéristiques entre déchets radioactifs et dangereux et les politiques et stratégies de gestion qui leur sont appliquées, puis à travers l'analyse du cas particulier des déchets provenant du captage et du stockage du carbone issu de combustibles fossiles. Il s'agit ainsi de fournir aux décideurs une vue d'ensemble des similitudes et différences entre les déchets radioactifs et dangereux et leurs stratégies de gestion.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264092648-fr
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  • 31
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    Essai n 201: Algues d'eau douce et cyanobactéries, essai d'inhibition de la croissance (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264069930
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (27 p.)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 201; Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 201: Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Le but de cet essai est de déterminer les effets d'une substance sur la croissance d'algues microscopiques dulcicoles et/ou de cyanobactéries. Les organismes d'essai en phase de croissance exponentielle sont exposés à la substance d'essai dans des cultures en lots normalement sur une période de 72 heures. L’effet observé est la réduction de croissance dans une série de cultures d'algues exposées à, au moins, cinq concentrations d'une substance d'essai. Trois réplicats pour chaque concentration d'essai doivent être employées. L’effet est évalué en fonction de la concentration d'exposition, en comparaison avec la croissance moyenne des cultures témoins. On permet la croissance exponentielle sans restriction des cultures dans des conditions suffisamment nutritives (deux milieux de croissance alternatifs: l'OCDE et l'AAP) et un éclairage continu fluorescent. La croissance et l'inhibition de croissance sont quantifiées à partir des mesures de la biomasse des algues en fonction du temps. L'essai limite correspond à un niveau de dose de 100 mg/l. Cette étude inclut la détermination, au moins quotidienne, de la biomasse des algues, la mesure du pH (au début et à la fin) et une observation microscopique. Cette Ligne directrice décrit deux variables : le taux de croissance spécifique moyen, et le rendement.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264069930-fr
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  • 32
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    Better Policies to Support Eco-innovation (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264096684
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Environmental Innovation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better policies to support eco-innovation
    RVK:
    QT 000
    Keywords: Innovation ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Technologiepolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Technologietransfer ; Umweltschutz ; Clean Development Mechanism ; Public Private Partnership ; Fallstudie ; Environment ; OECD ; Umwelttechnik ; Forschungsförderung
    Abstract: Eco-innovation is more important than ever on the public policy agenda. It is a major driver for green growth and contributes to the environmental performance and economic development of OECD and developing countries alike. This report takes a pragmatic approach to policies that support the development and diffusion of eco-innovation. Building on the OECD Innovation Strategy, it argues that eco-innovation is not merely about technological developments: non-technical innovations matter as well. It acknowledges that policies do not operate in a vacuum and that they must take account of the contexts that influence the development and diffusion of eco-innovation, such as market structures. It explores links between eco-innovation policies and related fields such as industry, competition, and international cooperation. This work builds on an OECD inventory of eco-innovation policies in OECD countries and in China. It also draws on studies of select environment-friendly innovations, highlighting different patterns of development across countries. It also incorporates extensive international consultation on the topics of eco-innovation and green growth. The results from this publication will contribute to the Green Growth Strategy being developed by the OECD as a practical policy package for governments to harness the potential of greener growth. For more information on OECD work on eco-innovation, visit: www.oecd.org/greengrowth www.oecd.org/environment/innovation www.oecd.org/sti/innovation/green
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264096684-en
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  • 33
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    Essai n 234 : Essai de développement sexuel des poissons (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264122376
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (42 p)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 234; Fish Sexual Development Test
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 234: Fish Sexual Development Test
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: La présente Ligne Directrice décrit un essai permettant d’évaluer les effets sur les premiers stades de vie et les conséquences néfastes possibles de produits chimiques potentiellement perturbateurs endocriniens (ex. oestrogènes, androgènes et inhibiteurs de la stéroïdogenèse) sur le développement sexuel des poissons. Dans l’essai, les poissons sont exposés, de l'œuf nouvellement fécondé à l'achèvement de la différenciation sexuelle vers 60 jours après la ponte, à au moins trois concentrations de la substance d'essai dissoute dans de l'eau. A chaque niveau de traitement et dans le(s) témoin(s), il est recommandé d’utiliser au moins quatre réplicats. A la fin de l’essai, deux effets principaux sont mesurés sur chaque poisson: la concentration de vitellogénine à partir d’échantillons biologiques de tête et de queue ou à partir du sang, et la proportion de mâles, femelles, hermaphrodites et de poissons non sexuellement différenciés, à partir de l’examen histologique des gonades. Pour les espèces de poissons possédant un marqueur génétique sexuel, le sexe génétique est identifié chez chaque individu pour déterminer si une réversion sexuelle a eu lieu. La combinaison des deux effets endocriniens principaux, la concentration de vitellogénine et le ratio phénotypique mâles/femelles (et éventuellement le sexe génotypique) permet à l’essai d’indiquer le mode d’action de la substance testée.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264122376-fr
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  • 34
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    OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Slovak Republic 2011 : (Slovak version) (2011)
    Bratislava : Ministry of Environment, Slovak Republic
    Details
    ISBN: 9788088833567
    Language: Slovak
    Pages: Online-Ressource (186 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Slovak Republic 2011
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE ; République slovaque 2011
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Slovak Republic 2011
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : République slovaque 2011
    Keywords: Environment ; Slovak Republic
    DOI: 10.1787/9788088833567-sk
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  • 35
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    Greening Household Behaviour : The Role of Public Policy (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264096875
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Environmental Policy and Household Behaviour
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Politique de l'environnement et comportement des ménages
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Greening household behaviour
    RVK:
    MF 9150
    RVK:
    QW 300
    Keywords: Konsumentenverhalten ; Umweltbewusstsein ; Umweltpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Umweltschutz ; Haushalt ; Privater Verbrauch ; Ressourcenmanagement ; Wirtschaftliches Verhalten ; Environment ; Australien ; Kanada ; Tschechien ; Frankreich ; Italien ; Südkorea ; Mexiko ; Niederlande ; Industriestaaten ; Haushalt ; Privater Verbrauch ; Verbraucherverhalten ; Umweltbelastung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Developing growth strategies that promote greener lifestyles requires a good understanding of what factors affect people’s behaviour towards the environment. Recent OECD work based on periodic surveys of more than 10 000 households across a number of countries and areas represents a breakthrough by providing a common framework to collect unique empirical evidence for better policy design. This publication presents responses from the most recent round of the OECD survey implemented in 2011 in 5 areas (energy, food, transport, waste and water) and 11 countries: Australia, Canada, Chile, France, Israel, Japan, Korea, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland. Analysis comparing the data across countries, policy conditions and households’ characteristics reveals which measures most effectively change behaviour. Each round of the survey also allows to track changes over time and to explore new emerging issues. The new survey confirms the importance of providing the right economic incentives for influencing our decisions. The findings indicate that “soft” measures such as labelling and public information campaigns also have a significant complementary role to play. Spurring desirable behaviour change requires a mix of these instruments. This book is a milestone for all those interested by the challenging question of ways to promote greener behaviour, from policy makers to individual citizens.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264096875-en
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  • 36
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    Essai n 235 : Chironomus sp., essai d'immobilisation immédiate (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264122390
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (18 p)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 235; Chironomus sp., Acute Immobilisation Test
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 235: Chironomus sp., Acute Immobilisation Test
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice décrit un essai aigu d’immobilisation de chironomes, conçu pour compléter les les Lignes directrices pour des essais de toxicité chroniques sur chironomes (LD 218, 219 et 233). La méthode d’essai s’appuie sur la LD 202 : Daphnia sp., essai d’immobilisation immédiate. Des chironomes au premier stade larvaire sont exposés à une gamme de concentrations de la substance d’essai dans un récipient contenant uniquement de l’eau, pour une période de 48 heures. C. riparius est l’espèce préférrée, mais il est aussi possible d’utiliser C. dilutus ou C. yoshimatsui. Il convient d’utiliser, pour chaque concentration d’essai et pour les témoins, au moins 20 animaux, répartis de préférence en quatre groupes de cinq animaux. Au moins cinq concentrations sont utilisées pour l’essai définitif, avec un témoin pour l’eau de dilution et un pour le solvant (le cas échéant). L’immobilisation est enregistrée à 24 et 48 heures. La CE50 est calculée à 24 et 48 heures (si les données le permettent). Un essai limite à concentration unique peut être conduit à 100 mg/l de substance d’essai ou jusqu’à sa limite pratique de solubilité (Si cette valeur est la plus basse), de façon à démontrer que la CE50 est supérieure à cette concentration.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264122390-fr
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  • 37
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    Paying for Biodiversity : Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services (Bulgarian version) (2011)
    Vienna : WWF Danube-Carpathian Programme
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264124967
    Language: Bulgarian
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Paying for Biodiversity; Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Payer pour la biodiversité ; Améliorer l'efficacité-coût des paiements pour services écosystémiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Paying for Biodiversity; Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services (Romanian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Paying for Biodiversity: Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Payer pour la biodiversité : Améliorer l'efficacité-coût des paiements pour services écosystémiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Paying for Biodiversity: Enhancing the Cost-Effectiveness of Payments for Ecosystem Services (Romanian version)
    Keywords: Environment
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264124967-bg
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  • 38
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    Test No. 488: Transgenic Rodent Somatic and Germ Cell Gene Mutation Assays (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264122819
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (16 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 488 ; Essais de mutations génétiques des cellules somatiques et germinales de rongeurs transgéniques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 488 : Essais de mutations génétiques des cellules somatiques et germinales de rongeurs transgéniques
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes an in vivo assay that detects chemicals that may induce gene mutations. In this assay, transgenic rats or mice that contain multiple copies of chromosomally integrated plasmid or phage shuttle vectors are used. The transgenes contain reporter genes for the detection of various types of mutations induced by test substances. A negative control group and a minimum of 3 treatment groups of transgenic animals are treated for 28 consecutive days. Administration is usually followed by a 3-day period of time, prior to sacrifice, during which the agent is not administered and during which unrepaired DNA lesions are fixed into stable mutations. At the end of this 3-day period, the animals are sacrificed, genomic DNA is isolated from the tissue(s) of interest and purified. Mutations that have arisen during treatment are scored by recovering the transgene and analysing the phenotype of the reporter gene in a bacterial host deficient for the reporter gene. Mutant frequency, the reported parameter in these assays,is calculated by dividing the number of plaques/plasmids containing mutations in the transgene by the total number of plaques/plasmids recovered from the same DNA sample.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264122819-en
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  • 39
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    Integração da Adaptação às Alterações Climáticas na Cooperação para o Desenvolvimento : Guia para o Desenvolvimento de Políticas (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264110618
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: Online-Ressource (205 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Integrating Climate Change Adaptation into Development Co-operation; Policy Guidance
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Adaptation au changement climatique et coopération pour le développement ; Document d'orientation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Integración de la Adaptación en la Cooperación para el Desarrollo ; Guía sobre Políticas
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Integrating Climate Change Adaptation into Development Co-operation: Policy Guidance
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Adaptation au changement climatique et coopération pour le développement : Document d'orientation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Integración de la Adaptación en la Cooperación para el Desarrollo : Guía sobre Políticas
    Keywords: Environment ; Development
    Abstract: As alterações climáticas são uma ameaça séria e a longo prazo que pode afetar todo o globo. Os seus impactes negativos atingirão as pessoas pobres e os países pobres de forma desproporcional e comprometerão a persecução dos seus objetivos de desenvolvimento. Integração da Adaptação às Alterações Climáticas na Cooperação para o Desenvolvimento fornece informação essencial e aconselha o modo de facilitação a integração da adaptação nos processos de desenvolvimento. Os objetivos deste guia para o desenvolvimento de políticas são: i) promover o entendimento das implicações das alterações climáticas na prática do desenvolvimento e a necessidade associada de integrar a adaptação ao clima nas agências de cooperação para o desenvolvimento e nos países parceiros; ii) identificar abordagens apropriadas para integrar a adaptação às alterações climáticas nas políticas de desenvolvimento aos níveis nacional, setorial e de projeto e nos contextos urbanos e rurais; e iii) identificar meios práticos para os doadores apoiarem os países em desenvolvimento parceiros nos seus esforços para reduzir a sua vulnerabilidade à variabilidade e alterações climáticas. Enquanto os esforços para integrar a adaptação aos às alterações climáticas serão conduzidos pelos países em desenvolvimento parceiros, os doadores internacionais têm um papel crítico a desempenhar no apoio a tais esforços. Este guia para o desenvolvimento de políticas é especialmente formatado para os agentes de definição de políticas e para as agências de cooperação e suas contrapartes nos governos dos países em desenvolvimento, bem como para as partes interessadas não governamentais.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264110618-pt
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  • 40
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    Test No. 235: Chironomus sp., Acute Immobilisation Test (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264122383
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (17 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 235 ; Chironomus sp., essai d'immobilisation immédiate
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 235 : Chironomus sp., essai d'immobilisation immédiate
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes an acute immobilisation assay on chronomids and is designed to complement existing Test Guidelines for chironomid chronic toxicity assays (TG 218, 219 and 233). The test method is based on TG 202: Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test. First instar Chironomus sp. larvae are exposed to a range of concentrations of the test substance in water-only vessels for a period of 48 hours. C. riparius is the preferred species but C. dilutus or C. yoshimatsui may also be used for the test. At least 20 larvae, preferably divided into four groups of five larvae each, should be used for each test concentration and for controls. In the definitive test, at least five test concentrations should be used, with a dilution water control and solvent control (if appropriate). Immobilisation is recorded at 24 and 48 hours, and if data allow, the EC50 is calculated at 24 and 48 hours. A limit test with a single concentration may also be performed at 100 mg/L of test substance or up to the practical limit of solubility (whichever is lowest) in order to demonstrate that the EC50 is greater than this concentration.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264122383-en
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  • 41
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    Impacts Environnementaux de la Navigation : Le Rôle des Ports (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264097353
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environmental Impacts of International Shipping; The Role of Ports
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environmental Impacts of International Shipping: The Role of Ports
    Keywords: Environment ; Transport
    Abstract: Il est essentiel que les ports fonctionnent de façon efficiente pour le développement économique de la vaste zone qui les entoure, mais le trafic maritime qui les dessert, la manutention des marchandises dans les installations portuaires et les activités de distribution dans l’arrière-pays peuvent avoir des impacts négatifs sur l’environnement. La présente étude passe en revue un certain nombre d’impacts environnementaux des ports, et elle examine les impacts environnementaux et économiques de divers instruments d’action qui sont ou peuvent être utilisés pour remédier à ces impacts. Elle s’appuie essentiellement sur les résultats d’études de cas consacrées à cinq des plus grands ports de la zone OCDE, – à savoir ceux de Los Angeles et Long Beach aux États-Unis, Rotterdam aux Pays-Bas, Vancouver au Canada et Busan en Corée. On trouvera dans cette étude des exemples de problèmes environnementaux liés aux activités portuaires (tels que pollution atmosphérique et émissions de gaz à effet de serre, pollution des eaux, bruit, prolifération d’espèces envahissantes, etc.) et la présentation d’un certain nombre d’instruments d’action différents pouvant être utilisés pour limiter les impacts négatifs. A ce titre, ce livre permettra aux décideurs et aux chercheurs de tirer des enseignements des expériences d’autres pays.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264097353-fr
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  • 42
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    Document d'orientation pour les études d'impact sur la durabilité (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264086920
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (35 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidance on Sustainability Impact Assessment
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Abstract: Le présent document constitue une introduction générale aux études d'impact sur la durabilité (EID). Cette méthode permet d'évaluer les incidences économiques, environnementales et sociales combinées d'un éventail de politiques, programmes, stratégies et plans d'action. Ces évaluations peuvent aussi faciliter la prise de décision et la planification stratégique tout au long du cycle des politiques publiques.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264086920-fr
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  • 43
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    Test No. 456: H295R Steroidogenesis Assay (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264122642
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (21 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 456 ; Essai de stéroi͏̈dogenèse H295R
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 456 : Essai de stéroi͏̈dogenèse H295R
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes an in vitro screen for chemical effects on steroidogenesis, specifically the production of 17ß-estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T). The human H295R adreno-carcinoma cell line, used for the assay, expresses genes that encode for all the key enzymes for steroidogenesis. After an acclimation period of 24 h in multi-well plates, cells are exposed for 48 h to seven concentrations of the test chemical in at least triplicate. Solvent and a known inhibitor and inducer of hormone production are run at a fixed concentration as negative and positive controls. At the end of the exposure period, cell viability in each well is analyzed. Concentrations of hormones in the medium can be measured using a variety of methods including commercially available hormone measurement kits and/or instrumental techniques such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Data are expressed as fold change relative to the solvent control and the Lowest-Observed-Effect-Concentration. If the assay is negative, the highest concentration tested is reported as the No-Observed-Effect-Concentration.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264122642-en
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  • 44
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    Test No. 443: Extended One-Generation Reproductive Toxicity Study (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264122550
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (25 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 443 ; Étude étendue de toxicité pour la reproduction sur une génération
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 443 : Étude étendue de toxicité pour la reproduction sur une génération
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline is designed to provide an evaluation of reproductive and developmental effects that may occur as a result of pre- and postnatal chemical exposure as well as an evaluation of systemic toxicity in pregnant and lactating females and young and adult offspring. In the assay, sexually-mature males and females rodents (parental (P) generation) are exposed to graduated doses of the test substance starting 2 weeks before mating and continuously through mating, gestation and weaning of their pups (F1 generation). At weaning, pups are selected and assigned to cohorts of animals for reproductive/developmental toxicity testing (cohort 1), developmental neurotoxicity testing (cohort 2) and developmental immunotoxicity testing (cohort 3). The F1 offspring receive further treatment with the test substance from weaning to adulthood. Clinical observations and pathology examinations are performed on all animals for signs of toxicity, with special emphasis on the integrity and performance of the male and female reproductive systems and the health, growth, development and function of the offspring. Part of cohort 1 (cohort 1B) may be extended to include an F2 generation; in this case, procedures for F1 animals will be similar to those for the P animals.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264122550-en
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  • 45
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    Essai n 488 : Essais de mutations génétiques des cellules somatiques et germinales de rongeurs transgéniques (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264122826
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (17 p)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 488; Transgenic Rodent Somatic and Germ Cell Gene Mutation Assays
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 488: Transgenic Rodent Somatic and Germ Cell Gene Mutation Assays
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice décrit un test in vivo qui détecte les produits chimiques qui peuvent induire des mutations génétiques. Pour ces essais, on utilise des rats ou des souris transgéniques qui comportent de multiples copies de vecteurs navettes de plasmides ou de phages intégrés dans leurs chromosomes. Les transgènes contiennent des gènes rapporteurs pour la détection de différents types de mutations induites par les substances d’essai. Des animaux transgéniques répartis en un groupe témoin négatif et un minimum de 3 niveaux de dose sont traités pendant 28 jours consécutifs. L'administration est généralement suivie d'une période de 3 jours, antérieure au sacrifice, au cours de laquelle la substance n'est pas administrée et au cours de laquelle les lésions d'ADN non réparées se fixent sous forme de mutations stables. A la fin de cette période de 3 jours, les animaux sont sacrifiés et l'ADN génomique est isolé du/des tissus(s) d'intérêt puis purifié. On score les mutations qui se sont produites chez les rongeurs en retrouvant le transgène et en analysant le phénotype du gène rapporteur chez un hôte bactérien démuni du gène rapporteur. On obtient la fréquence des mutants, qui est le paramètre observé dans cet essai, en divisant le nombre de plages/plasmides contenant les mutations qui se produisent dans le transgène par le nombre total de plages/plasmides retrouvés dans un même échantillon d'ADN.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264122826-fr
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  • 46
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    OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Portugal 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264097896
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (184 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE ; Portugal 2011
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Portugal 2011
    Keywords: Environment ; Portugal
    Abstract: This report presents the OECD review of Portugal’s environmental policy performance for 2011. It finds that environmental policies have been consolidated and strengthened since the last review in 2001, but that meeting the post-Kyoto targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions will be challenging. With energy and climate policies being closely related, the report points out that with less than 50% of hydro capacity currently being exploited, there is potential for further development in that area. It also describes the challenges regarding coastal zone and marine management. Topics covered in the report include greening growth, implementation of environmental policies , international co-operation , climate change, waste management and the 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle), and nature and biodiversity. Further information about the Environmental Performance Review programme is available on line via www.oecd.org/env/countryreviews.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264097896-en
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  • 47
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    Essai n 443 : Étude étendue de toxicité pour la reproduction sur une génération (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264122581
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (27 p)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 443; Extended One-Generation Reproductive Toxicity Study
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 443: Extended One-Generation Reproductive Toxicity Study
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice est élaborée en vue de permettre l’évaluation des effets pré- et postnataux d’une exposition aux produits chimiques, sur la reproduction et le développement, ainsi que l’examen de la toxicité systémique chez les femelles gravides et allaitantes ainsi que chez la descendance (petits et adultes). Dans cet essai, des groupes de rongeurs mâles et femelles sexuellement matures (génération parentale P) sont exposés en continu à une gradation de doses de la substance d’essai. L’exposition commence 2 semaines avant l’accouplement et se poursuit pendant la période d’accouplement, la gestation et jusqu’au sevrage des portées (génération F1). Au moment du sevrage, les petits F1 sont sélectionnés et affectés au hasard à une cohorte d’animaux pour effectuer des essais de toxicité pour la reproduction/le développement (cohorte 1), des essais de neurotoxicité pour le développement (cohorte 2) et des essais d’immunotoxicité pour le développement (cohorte 3). La descendance F1 reçoit encore la substance d’essai du sevrage jusqu’à l’âge adulte. Tous les animaux subissent un examen clinique et pathologique destiné à mettre en évidence des signes de toxicité ; cet examen s’attache particulièrement à l’intégrité et au fonctionnement des appareils reproducteurs mâles et femelles ainsi qu’à la santé, la croissance, le développement et la fonction reproductrice de la descendance. Une partie de la cohorte 1 (cohorte 1B) peut ensuite être étendue à des animaux de génération F2 ; dans ce cas, les protocoles pour les animaux F1 seront les mêmes que pour les animaux P.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264122581-fr
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  • 48
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    Shielding Aspects of Accelerators, Targets and Irradiation Facilities - SATIF 10 : Workshop Proceedings, Geneva, Switzerland 2-4 June 2010 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264096509
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (444 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Teilchenbeschleuniger ; Bestrahlungsanlage ; Abschirmung ; Strahlenschutz
    Abstract: Particle accelerators have evolved over the last decades from simple devices to powerful machines, and are having an increasingly important impact on research, technology and daily life. Today they cover a wide range of applications including material science and medical applications. In recent years, requirements from new technological and research applications have emerged while the number of accelerator facilities in operation, being commissioned, designed or planned has significantly grown. Their parameters (such as the beam energy, beam currents and intensities, and target composition) vary widely, giving rise to new radiation shielding aspects and problems. Particle accelerators must be operated in safe ways to protect operators, the public and the environment. As the design and use of these facilities evolve, so must the analytical methods used in the safety analyses. These workshop proceedings review the state of the art in radiation shielding of accelerator facilities and irradiation targets. They also evaluate progress on the development of modelling methods used to assess the effectiveness of such shielding as part of safety analyses.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264096509-en
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  • 49
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    Climate Change and Tourism Policy in OECD Countries (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264119598
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Tourism
    Keywords: Environment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Undertaken jointly with United Nations Environment Programme, the report analyses policies and issues related to climate change adaptation and mitigation in the tourism sector. It provides policy recommendations, with the objective to identify priority areas to be included in a framework for action in the area of climate change and tourism. A review of the state of policy-making on this important issue clearly indicates that greater efforts could be made by countries to understand the likely impacts of climate change on tourism; there is a low awareness of the tourism sector's climate change mitigation and adaptation needs; and that current policy, with few exceptions, is inadequate to the scale of the challenge, both on mitigation and adaptation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264119598-en
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  • 50
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    Test No. 201: Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264069923
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (25 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 201; Algues d'eau douce et cyanobactéries, essai d'inhibition de la croissance
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 201: Algues d'eau douce et cyanobactéries, essai d'inhibition de la croissance
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The purpose of this test is to determine the effects of a substance on the growth of freshwater microalgae and/or cyanobacteria. Exponentially growing test organisms are exposed to the test substance in batch cultures over a period of normally 72 hours. The system response is the reduction of growth in a series of algal cultures exposed to, at least, five concentrations of a test substance. Three replicates at each test concentration should be used. The response is evaluated as a function of the exposure concentration in comparison with the average growth of control cultures. The cultures are allowed unrestricted exponential growth under nutrient sufficient conditions (two alternative growth media: the OECD and the AAP) and continuous fluorescent illumination. Growth and growth inhibition are quantified from measurements of the algal biomass as a function of time. The limit test corresponds to one dose level of 100 mg/L. This study includes: the determination, at least daily, of the algal biomass; the measure of the pH (at the beginning and at the end); microscopic observation. This Test Guideline describes two response variables: average specific growth rate, and yield.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264069923-en
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  • 51
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    Benefits of Investing in Water and Sanitation : An OECD Perspective (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264100817
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Benefits of investing in water and sanitation
    DDC: 628.1
    Keywords: Wasserversorgung ; Kanalisation ; Abwasserwirtschaft ; Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse ; Entwicklungsländer ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Entwicklungsländer ; Wasserwirtschaft ; Wasserversorgung ; Sanitäranlage ; Wasserversorgung ; Sanitäranlage ; Abwasserbeseitigung
    Abstract: The provision of water supply, sanitation and wastewater services generates substantial benefits for public health, the economy and the environment. Benefit-to-cost ratios can be as high as 7 to 1 for basic water and sanitation services in developing countries. Wastewater treatment interventions, for example, generate significant benefits for public health, the environment and for certain economic sectors such as fisheries, tourism and property markets. The full magnitude of the benefits of water services is seldom considered for a number of reasons, including the difficulty in quantifying important non-economic benefits such as non-use values, dignity, social status, cleanliness and overall well-being. Also, information about the benefits of water services is usually hidden in the technical literature, where it remains invisible to key decision-makers in ministries. This report draws together and summarises existing information on the benefits of water and sanitation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264100817-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 52
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    Travaux législatifs et réglementaires nationaux (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2010, no. 2, p. 81-95
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 15 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. National Legislative and Regulatory Activities
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2010, no. 2, p. 81-95
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: ALLEMAGNE Amendement à la Loi sur l’énergie atomique rallongeant la durée d’exploitation des centrales nucléaires (2010) Modification de l’Ordonnance relative à l’évaluation de la fiabilité (2010) Modification de l’Ordonnance relative aux personnes responsables de la sûreté nucléaire et à la notification d’événements dans ce domaine (2010) Modification de la Loi sur l’évaluation des incidences environnementales (2010) BULGARIE Modification de la Loi sur l’utilisation sûre de l’énergie nucléaire (2010) ÉTATS-UNIS Règlement définitif sur l’entreposage indépendant du combustible nucléaire usé (2010) Situation du Programme de dépôt pour les déchets hautement radioactifs (2010) Loi globale sur les sanctions, la responsabilisation et le désinvestissement à l’égard de l’Iran (2010) Règlement final sur l’exportation et l’importation d’équipements et matières nucléaires (2010) FRANCE Loi sur la nouvelle organisation du marché de l’électricité (2010) GRÈCE Décret transposant la Directive du Conseil européen 2006/117/Euratom (2010) INDE Loi sur la responsabilité civile nucléaire (2010) ROUMANIE Modification de l’Article 35 de la Loi 111/1996 relative aux nouvelles tâches de la CNCAN (2010) Arrêté portant approbation des normes concernant la surveillance radiologique des matières métalliques recyclables (2010) SERBIE Création de l’Agence de radioprotection et de sûreté nucléaire (2009) SLOVÉNIE Règlements sur la sûreté d’exploitation des rayonnements et des centrales nucléaires (2009)Règlements sur les rayonnements et les facteurs de sûreté nucléaire (2009) Loi sur la responsabilité en cas de dommage nucléaire (2010)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2010-5kg0m1v8v40w
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  • 53
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    Case law (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2011, no. 1, p. 87-91
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 5 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Jurisprudence
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2011, no. 1, p. 87-91
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France ; United States
    Abstract: France – Decision of the Administrative Court in Strasbourg on the permanent shutdown of the Fessenheim nuclear power plant (2011) United States – Judgment of a US Court of Appeals on public access to sensitive security information and consideration of the environmental impacts of terrorist attacks on nuclear facilities (2011)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2011-5kg1zqxgztjf
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  • 54
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    International Regulatory Activities (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2010, no. 2, p. 89-91
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 3 p
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2010, no. 2, p. 89-91
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This article describes nuclear regulatory activities of the IAEA in 2010.
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2010-5kg0m1kvxwq4
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  • 55
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    Regulatory and institutional framework in Japan against the background of Fukushima (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2011, no. 1, p. 27-44
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 18 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le cadre réglementaire et institutionnel japonais dans le contexte de l'accident de Fukushima
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2011, no. 1, p. 27-44
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: On 11 March 2011, Japan endured one of the worst natural disasters in its history when a massive earthquake hit the Pacific coast of the country, followed by a tsunami, which led to a terrible loss of lives. It also led to serious accidents at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power units which the Japanese authorities classified at level 7 on the International Nuclear
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2011-5kg1zqxh695f
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  • 56
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    National legislative and regulatory activities (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2011, no. 1, p. 93-102
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 10 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Travaux législatifs et réglementaires nationaux
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2011, no. 1, p. 93-102
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Belgium ; Czech Republic ; Finland ; Ireland ; Romania ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Abstract: Belgium – Amendment of the Act on classification and security clearances, certifications and security notifications Czech Republic – Resolution of the government of the Czech Republic on the time schedule of preparatory works for enlarging the nuclear power plant Temelín Finland – Temporary Amendment to the Nuclear Liability Act Ireland – Merchant Shipping Act Romania – Emergency Ordinance on the identification, designation and protection of critical infrastructures Emergency Ordinance on the control regime of dual-use items Amendment to the Act on the safe conduct of nuclear activities Nuclear safety norms on design and construction of nuclear power plants and nuclear safety norms on siting of nuclear power plants United Kingdom – Establishment of the Office for Nuclear Regulation United States – Waste Confidence Decision and Rule Update Response to recent events in Japan
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2011-5kg1zqxgwnns
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  • 57
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    Le cadre réglementaire et institutionnel japonais dans le contexte de l'accident de Fukushima (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2011, no. 1, p. 31-50
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 20 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Regulatory and institutional framework in Japan against the background of Fukushima
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2011, no. 1, p. 31-50
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Le 11 mars 2011, le Japon a subi l’une des pires catastrophes naturelles de son histoire lorsqu’un violent séisme a frappé la côte pacifique du pays. Ce séisme a provoqué un tsunami, qui a entraîné de terribles pertes humaines. Il a également provoqué de graves accidents dans les réacteurs nucléaires de Fukushima Daiichi que les autorités japonaises
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2011-5kg0m1fwwbbt
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  • 58
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    National Legislative and Regulatory Activities (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2010, no. 2, p. 75-88
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 14 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Travaux législatifs et réglementaires nationaux
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2010, no. 2, p. 75-88
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: CANADACriminal Court decision respecting attempted export of nuclear-related dual use items to Iran: Her Majesty the Queen vs Yadegari (2010) CZECH REPUBLIC Supreme Administrative Court on the legal status of ÈEZ (2010) National Legislative and Regulatory Activities BULGARIA Amendment to the Act on the Safe Use of Nuclear Energy (2010) FRANCE Law on the new organisation of the electricity market (2010) GERMANY Amendment to the Atomic Energy Act extending the operating lifetime of nuclear power plants (2010) Amendment to the Reliability Assessment Ordinance (2010)Amendment to the Ordinance on Persons Responsible for Nuclear Safety and on Reportable Events (2010) Amendment to the Environmental Impact Assessment Act (2010) GREECE Decree transposing European Council Directive 2006/117/Euratom (2010) INDIA Civil Nuclear Liability Act (2010) ROMANIA Amendment to Article 35 of Law 111/1996 regarding new tasks of CNCAN (2010)Order approving norms regarding the radiological monitoring or recyclable metal materials (2010) SERBIA Establishment of the Agency for Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety (2009) SLOVENIA Rules on operational safety of radiation and nuclear facilities (2009) Rules on radiation and nuclear safety factors (2009) Act on Liability for Nuclear Damage (2010) SWEDEN Abolishment of the Act on phasing out of nuclear energy (2010) Act on Liability and Compensation for Nuclear Damage (2010) UNITED STATES Final rule on the independent storage of spent nuclear fuel (2010) Status of the high-level waste repository programme (2010) Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability and Divestment Act (2010) Final rule on the export and import of nuclear equipment and material (2010)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2010-5kg0m1kwjgxp
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  • 59
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    Bilateral and Multilateral Agreements (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2010, no. 2, p. 93-106
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 14 p
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2010, no. 2, p. 93-106
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This article provides a list of bilateral and multilateral nuclear aAgreements in force.
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2010-5kg0m1kvv0vc
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  • 60
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    Jurisprudence (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2010, no. 2, p. 73-80
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 8 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Case Law
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2010, no. 2, p. 73-80
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Canada – Décision d’une cour siégeant en matière criminelle au sujet d’une tentative d’exportation d’articles à caractère nucléaire et à double usage en Iran : Sa Majesté la Reine contre Yadegari1 (2010) République tchèque – Décision de la Cour administrative suprême sur le statut juridique de CEZ (2010) 7
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2010-5kg0m1v9gn33
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  • 61
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    Travaux législatifs et réglementaires nationaux (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2011, no. 1
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. National legislative and regulatory activities
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2011, no. 1
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Belgium ; Czech Republic ; Finland ; Ireland ; Romania ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Abstract: Belgique – Amendement à la Loi relative à la classification et aux habilitations, attestations et avis de sécurité États-Unis – Mise à jour de la décision et de la réglementation relatives aux garanties concernant les déchets Réponse aux récents événements survenus au Japon Finlande – Amendement provisoire à la Loi sur la responsabilité civile nucléaire Irlande – Loi relative à la marine marchande République tchèque – Résolution du gouvernement de la République tchèque relative au calendrier des travaux préparatoires en vue de l’agrandissement de la centrale nucléaire de Temelín Roumanie – Ordonnance d’urgence concernant le recensement, la désignation et la protection des infrastructures critiques Ordonnance d’urgence relative au régime de contrôle des biens à double usageAmendement à la Loi sur la sûreté de la gestion des activités nucléaires Normes de sûreté nucléaire applicables à la conception et à la construction des centrales nucléaires et Normes de sûreté nucléaire applicables au choix du site des centrales nucléaires Royaume-Uni – Création d’un Bureau de la réglementation nucléaire
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2011-5kg0m1fw46d8
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  • 62
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    Case Law (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear law bulletin Vol. 2010, no. 2, p. 67-73
    Details
    ISSN: 1609-7378
    Language: English
    Pages: 7 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Jurisprudence
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear law bulletin
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 1968
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2010, no. 2, p. 67-73
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Canada – Criminal Court decision respecting attempted export of nuclear-related dual use items to Iran: Her Majesty the Queen vs Yadegari (2010) Czech Republic – Supreme Administrative Court on the legal status of CEZ (2010)
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2010-5kg0m1l2lpmp
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  • 63
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    Jurisprudence (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2011, no. 1, p. 101-106
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 6 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Case law
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2011, no. 1, p. 101-106
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France ; United States
    Abstract: États-Unis – Jugement d’une Cour d’appel des États-Unis relatif à l’accès du public à des informations sensibles sur la sécurité et à la prise en compte des effets sur l’environnement d’attaques terroristes contre des installations nucléaires Jugement de la Cour de district des États-Unis relatif à une exonération concernant l’application des réglementations sur la protection contre les incendies. France – Jugement du tribunal administratif de Strasbourg relatif à l’arrêt définitif de la centrale nucléaire de Fessenheim
    DOI: 10.1787/nuclear_law-2011-5kg0m1fw68lr
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  • 64
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    Greener and smarter : ICTs, the environment and climate change (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 54 S.
    Additional Material: graph. Darst., Tab., Lit.Hinw.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD green growth papers 2010, 01
    Series Statement: Industry and innovation
    Keywords: Informationstechnik ; Kommunikationstechnik ; Bedeutung ; Rolle ; Wirkung ; Auswirkung ; Klimaänderung ; Umwelt ; Ökologie ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Umwelttechnik ; Produktion ; Branche ; Erwärmung ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are a key enabler of “green growth” in all sectors of the economy. They are a key part of government strategies for a sustainable economic recovery. This report looks at how ICTs can improve their own environmental performance, and how they can be used to improve environmental performance throughout the economy and society. Direct environmental impacts of ICTs are considerable in areas such as energy use, materials throughput and end-of-life treatment. Government “green ICT” policies can be instrumental in promoting life-cycle approaches for improved R&D and design of ICT goods, services and systems. Innovative ICT applications enable sustainable production and consumption across the entire economy. The potential for improving environmental performance targets specific products, but also entire systems and industry sectors, e.g. construction, transport, energy.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k9h3635kdbt-en
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    Test No. 209: Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test (Carbon and Ammonium Oxidation) (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070080
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (18 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 209; Boue activée, essai d'inhibition de la respiration (oxydation du carbone et de l'ammonium)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 209: Boue activée, essai d'inhibition de la respiration (oxydation du carbone et de l'ammonium)
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline is designed to assess the effects of a substance on micro-organisms from activated sludge of waste-water treatment plants by measuring their respiration rate (carbon and/or ammonium oxidation) as oxygen consumption. The test results may also serve as an indicator of suitable non-inhibitory concentrations of test substances to be used in biodegradability tests. The test allows the determination of ECx and/or NOEC values of the test substance. The inhibition of three different oxygen uptakes may be determined, i.e. total, heterotrophic only, and that due to nitrification in the absence and presence of N-allylthiourea, a specific nitrification inhibitor. For obtaining both NOEC and ECx, six controls and five treatment concentrations in a geometric series with five replicates are recommended. In each test vessel, test mixtures containing water, synthetic sewage feed and the test substance are incubated at the pH of 7.5 ±0.5 and the temperature within 20±2°C under forced aeration to keep the dissolved oxygen concentration above 60-70% saturation. The oxygen consumption is measured after 3 hours of exposure and additional measurements at 30 minutes of exposure can be performed in the case that the test substance is rapidly degraded.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070080-en
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    Essai n 209: Boue activée, essai d'inhibition de la respiration (oxydation du carbone et de l'ammonium) (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070097
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (19 p.)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 209; Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test (Carbon and Ammonium Oxidation)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 209: Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test (Carbon and Ammonium Oxidation)
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice est conçue pour évaluer les effets d’une substance sur les microorganismes de boue activée de station d’épuration en mesurant le taux de respiration (oxydation du carbone et/ou de l’ammonium) par la consommation d’oxygène. Les résultats de l’essai peuvent servir d’indicateurs de concentrations non inhibitrices à utiliser dans les essais de biodégradation. L’essai permet de déterminer les valeurs CEx et ou CSEO pour la substance d’essai. L’inhibition de trois différentes consommations d’oxygène peut être déterminée: totale, hétérotrophique seulement, et celle due à la nitrification en absence et présence de N-allylthiourée, un inhibiteur spécifique de nitrification. Pour obtenir une CSEO et une CEx, il est recommandé d’utiliser 5 concentrations d’essai appartenant à une série géométrique avec 5 réplicats et 6 témoins. Dans chaque récipient d’essai, des mélanges d’essai contenant de l’eau, de l’eau usée reconstituée et la substance d’essai sont incubés à pH 7.5 ±0.5 et à une température de 20±2°C, sous aération forcée, pour maintenir la concentration en oxygène dissous au dessus de 60-70% de saturation. La consommation d’oxygène est mesurée après 3 heures d’exposition et des mesures supplémentaires de 30 minutes peuvent être ajoutées au cas où la substance soit dégradée rapidement.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070097-fr
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    Ensuring Environmental Compliance : Trends and Good Practices (Chinese version) (2010)
    Beijing : Chinese Environmental Science Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9787511103338
    Language: Chinese
    Pages: Online-Ressource (227 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ensuring Environmental Compliance; Trends and Good Practices
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Faire respecter les normes environnementales ; Tendances et bonnes pratiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ensuring Environmental Compliance: Trends and Good Practices
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Faire respecter les normes environnementales : Tendances et bonnes pratiques
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance
    DOI: 10.1787/9787511103338-zh
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  • 68
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    Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms, Volume 3 : OECD Consensus Documents (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264095434
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (324 p.)
    Series Statement: Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Safety assessment of transgenic organisms ; Vol. 3
    RVK:
    WG 3450
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Transgene Pflanzen ; Umweltgefährdung ; Risikoanalyse
    Abstract: The books on “Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms” constitute a compilation of the OECD Biosafety Consensus Documents. When published, Volume 1 and 2 contained the documents issued before 2006; Volume 3 and 4 are a continuation of the compilation up to 2010. The OECD Biosafety Consensus Documents identify elements of scientific information used in the environmental safety and risk assessment of transgenic organisms which are common to OECD member countries and some non members associated with the work. This is intended to encourage information sharing, promote harmonised practices, and prevent duplication of effort among countries. These books offer ready access to those consensus documents which have been issued on the website thus far. As such, it should be of value to applicants for commercial uses of transgenic organisms (crops, trees, microorganisms), to regulators and risk assessors in national authorities, as well as the wider scientific community. More information on the OECD's work related to the biosafety of transgenic organisms is found at BioTrack Online (http://www.oecd.org/biotrack).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264095434-en
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  • 69
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    Test No. 487: In Vitro Mammalian Cell Micronucleus Test (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264091016
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (23 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 487 ; Essai in vitro de micronoyaux sur cellules de mammifères
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 487 : Essai in vitro de micronoyaux sur cellules de mammifères
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The in vitro micronucleus test is a genotoxicity test for the detection of micronuclei in the cytoplasm of interphase cells. Micronuclei may originate from acentric chromosome fragments (i.e. lacking a centromere), or whole chromosomes that are unable to migrate to the poles during the anaphase stage of cell division. The assay detects the activity of clastogenic and aneugenic test substances in cells that have undergone cell division during or after exposure to the test substance. This Test Guideline allows the use of protocols with and without the actin polymerisation inhibitor cytochalasin B. Cytochalasin B allows for the identification and selective analysis of micronucleus frequency in cells that have completed one mitosis, because such cells are binucleate. This Test Guideline also allows the use of protocols without cytokinesis block provided there is evidence that the cell population analysed has undergone mitosis.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264091016-en
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  • 70
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    Cutting Costs in Chemicals Management : How OECD Helps Governments and Industry (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264085930
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (46 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Réduire les coûts de gestion des produits chimiques ; Comment l'OCDE aide les gouvernements et l'industrie
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Réduire les coûts de gestion des produits chimiques : Comment l'OCDE aide les gouvernements et l'industrie
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The chemicals industry - including industrial chemicals, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, food and feed additives and cosmetics - is one of the world’s largest industrial sectors. Many chemical products are traded internationally. Varying national requirements can mean duplication of efforts and significant costs for the chemicals industry, as well as posing barriers to trade. By agreeing on test methods and data quality and sharing the workload of chemical safety testing and assessments, countries together achieve environmentally sustainable and cost-effective results. For non-clinical health and safety testing, for example, the results of such studies carried out on a chemical product in one OECD country must be accepted by the others as long as it was carried out in accordance with the OECD Test Guidelines and Principles of Good Laboratory Practice. This saves the chemicals industry the expense of duplicative testing for products that are marketed in more than one country. This report analyses the rigorous and comprehensive system for assessing and managing chemicals that helps governments and industry save about EUR 150 million each year, through “work sharing” facilitated by the OECD.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264085930-en
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    Test No. 317: Bioaccumulation in Terrestrial Oligochaetes (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264090934
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (30 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 3
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 317 ; Bioaccumulation chez les oligochètes terrestres
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 317 : Bioaccumulation chez les oligochètes terrestres
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes procedures designed to assess bioaccumulation of chemicals in soil oligochaetes. The parameters which characterise the bioaccumulation of a substance include the bioaccumulation factor (BAF), the uptake rate constant (ks) and the elimination rate constant (ke). The test consists of two phases: the uptake (exposure) phase and the elimination (post-exposure) phase. An elimination phase is always required unless uptake of the test substance during the exposure phase has been insignificant. The test organisms are exposed to the test substance during the uptake phase. The test substance is incorporated into the soil; it is recommended to use the artificial soil described in the OECD Test Guideline 207 (Earthworm, acute toxicity test). The uptake phase should be of 14 days (enchytraeids) or 21 days (earthworms) unless it is demonstrated that steady state has been reached. For the elimination phase, the worms are transferred to a soil free of test substance. The elimination phase is generally of 21 days.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264090934-en
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    Test No. 429: Skin Sensitisation : Local Lymph Node Assay (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264071100
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (20 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 429; Sensibilisation cutanée ; Essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 429: Sensibilisation cutanée : Essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The basic principle underlying the Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA) in mouse is that sensitizers induce a primary proliferation of lymphocytes in the auricular lymph nodes draining the site of chemical application. This proliferation is proportional to the dose applied and provides a measurement of sensitisation. The method described is based on the use of radioactive labelling to measure cell proliferation. A minimum of four animals is used per dose group, with a minimum of three concentrations of the test substance, plus a negative control group treated with the vehicle only, and a positive control, as appropriate. The experimental schedule of the assay is during 6 days. Thereafter, the animals are killed and a cell suspension of lymph node cells is prepared. The incorporation of 3H-methyl thymidine is measured by ¦Â-scintillation counting as disintegrations per minute (DPM). The Test Guideline includes performance standards that can be used to evaluate the validation status of new and/or modified test methods that are functionally and mechanistically similar to the LLNA. A reduced LLNA approach which could use up to 40% fewer animals is also described as an option. This study includes: measurements (weighing, DPM), and clinical daily observations. Results are expressed as the Stimulation Index (SI).The SI is obtained by calculation and should be ¡Ý3 before classification of the test material as a skin sensitizer is warranted.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264071100-en
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    Cities and Climate Change (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264091375
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Cities and climate change
    RVK:
    RB 10438
    RVK:
    RB 10627
    RVK:
    ZH 9150
    RVK:
    ZH 9316
    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Stadt ; Kommunalpolitik ; Kommunalverwaltung ; OECD-Staaten ; Klima ; Environment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Klima ; Klimakatastrophe ; Klimaveränderung ; Klimawandel ; Stadt ; Klimaänderung
    Abstract: As the hubs of economic activity, cities drive the vast majority of the world’s energy use and are major contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions. Because they are home to major infrastructure and highly concentrated populations, cities are also vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, such as rising sea levels, warmer temperatures and fiercer storms. At the same time, better urban planning and policies can reduce energy use and greenhouse gas emissions and improve the resilience of urban infrastructure to climate change, thus shaping future trends. This book shows how city and metropolitan regional governments working in tandem with national governments can change the way we think about responding to climate change. The chapters analyse: trends in urbanisation, economic growth, energy use and climate change; the economic benefits of climate action; the role of urban policies in reducing energy demand, improving resilience to climate change and complementing global climate policies; frameworks for multilevel governance of climate change including engagement with relevant stakeholders; and the contribution of cities to “green growth”, including the “greening” of fiscal policies, innovation and jobs. The book also explores policy tools and best practices from both OECD and some non-member countries. Cities and Climate Change reveals the importance of addressing climate change across all levels of government. Local involvement through “climate-conscious” urban planning and management can help achieve national climate goals and minimise tradeoffs between environmental and economic priorities at local levels. The book will be relevant to policy makers, researchers, and others with an interest in learning more about urbanisation and climate change policy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264091375-en
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  • 74
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    Essai n 429: Sensibilisation cutanée : Essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264071117
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (21 p)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 429; Skin Sensitisation; Local Lymph Node Assay
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 429: Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: L'essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques (ELGL) chez la souris repose sur le principe suivant: les sensibilisants induisent une prolifération primaire de lymphocytes dans les ganglions lymphatiques auriculaires qui drainent le site de l'application de la substance chimique. Cette prolifération est proportionnelle à la dose appliquée et fournit une mesure de la sensibilisation. La méthode décrite s’appuie sur l'utilisation du marquage radioactif pour mesurer la prolifération cellulaire. Quatre animaux au minimum sont utilisés par groupe de dose, avec au minimum trois concentrations de la substance d'essai, plus un groupe contrôle négatif traité avec le véhicule, et, au besoin, un contrôle positif. Le programme expérimental dure 6 jours. Ensuite, les animaux sont tués et une suspension de cellules de ganglion lymphatique est préparée. L'incorporation de la 3H-méthylthymidine se mesure par comptage à ß scintillation en désintégrations par minute (DPM). La Ligne directrice comprend des normes de performance pour la validation de méthodes d’essai nouvelles et/ou modifiées, similaires à l’ELGL sur le plan fonctionnel et mécanistique. Une version simplifiée de l’ELGL, optionnelle, permet de réduire de 40% le nombre d’animaux utilisés. Cette étude inclut des mesures (pesée, DPM) et des observations cliniques quotidiennes. Les résultats sont exprimés par l'indice de stimulation (IS). L’IS est obtenu par calcul et justifie une classification de la substance d’essai comme sensibilisant de la peau s’il est ≥3.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264071117-fr
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    Test No. 223: Avian Acute Oral Toxicity Test (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264090897
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (25 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 223 ; Oiseaux, essai de toxicité orale aigue͏̈
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 223 : Oiseaux, essai de toxicité orale aigue͏̈
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes procedures designed to estimate the acute oral toxicity of substances to birds, and it provides three testing options: (1) limit dose test, (2) LD50-slope test, and (3) LD50-only test. The LD50-slope and LD50-only options are sequential testing procedures. The test method selected will depend on whether or not a definitive median dose (LD50) and slope of the dose-response curve are both needed. The limit dose test is the preferred test when toxicity is expected to be low and lethality is unlikely at the limit dose. The limit dose should be adequate for assessment purposes, and it is usually 2000 mg/kg-bwt. Five or ten birds are tested at the limit dose in addition to a control group. The LD50-slope test is the preferred test when regulatory or other requirements determine that the slope of the dose-response curve and/or the confidence interval is required in addition to an estimate of the LD50. This is a 3- or 4-stage test with 24 or 34 birds in addition to a control group. The LD50-only test is the preferred test when regulatory or other requirements determine that only the median lethal dose is required but neither the slope of the dose response curve or the confidence interval for the LD50 is required. This may be the appropriate test to estimate a percentile of a species sensitivity distribution of LD50s and to provide information for product labelling purposes. This test has two stages, with 14 birds in addition to a control group. Software to be used with TG 223. Click here. Software not part of the Mutual Acceptance of Data.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264090897-en
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    Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE: Japon 2010 (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264087996
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Japan 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Japan 2010
    Keywords: Environment ; Japan
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage est le troisième examen effectué par l'OCDE des performances environnementales du Japon. Les précédents examens ont été publiés en 2002 et 1994. Le programme d’examens environnementaux de l'OCDE propose des évaluations indépendantes des progrès accomplis par les pays eu égard à leurs engagements nationaux et internationaux en matière d’environnement, ainsi que des recommandations orientées vers l’action des pouvoirs publics. Ces examens ont pour objectif de promouvoir l’apprentissage entre pairs, d’encourager les pays à rendre compte de leur action aux autres pays et à leur opinion publique, ainsi que d’améliorer les performances environnementales des gouvernements, individuellement et collectivement. Les analyses s’appuient sur un large éventail de données économiques et environnementales.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264087996-fr
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    The Security of Energy Supply and the Contribution of Nuclear Energy (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264096356
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La sécurité d'approvisionnement énergétique et le rôle du nucléaire
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: What contribution can nuclear energy make to improve the security of energy supply? This study, which examines a selection of OECD member countries, qualitatively and quantitatively validates the often intuitive assumption that, as a largely domestic source of electricity with stable costs and no greenhouse gas emissions during production, nuclear energy can make a positive contribution. Following an analysis of the meaning and context of security of supply, the study uses transparent and policy-relevant indicators to show that, together with improvements in energy efficiency, nuclear energy has indeed contributed significantly to enhanced energy supply security in OECD countries over the past 40 years.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264096356-en
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    Essai n 317 : Bioaccumulation chez les oligochètes terrestres (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264090941
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 p)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 3
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 317; Bioaccumulation in Terrestrial Oligochaetes
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 317: Bioaccumulation in Terrestrial Oligochaetes
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice pour les essais décrit les procédures à suivre pour évaluer la bioaccumulation de substances chimiques dans les oligochètes du sol. Les paramètres qui caractérisent la bioaccumulation d’une substance se composent du facteur de bioaccumulation (FBA), de la constante de vitesse d’absorption (ks) et de la constante de vitesse d’élimination (ke). L’essai consiste en deux phases, la phase d’absorption (exposition) et la phase d’élimination (post-exposition). Une phase d’élimination est toujours nécessaire sauf si l’absorption de la substance d’essai au cours de la phase d’exposition s’avère non significative. Les organismes d’essai sont exposés à la substance d’essai durant la phase d’absorption. La substance d’essai est incorporée dans le sol; il est recommandé d’utiliser le sol artificiel décrit dans la Ligne directrice de l’OCDE 207 (Ver de terre, essai de toxicité aiguë). La phase d’absorption dure 14 jours (enchytrées) ou 21 jours (vers de terre) sauf s’il est prouvé que l’état stationnaire a été atteint. Pour la phase d’élimination, les vers sont transférés sur un sol dépourvu de la substance d’essai. La phase d’élimination dure généralement 21 jours.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264090941-fr
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    Rapport intérimaire de la stratégie pour une croissance verte : Concrétiser notre engagement en faveur d'un avenir durable (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264087781
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (99 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Interim Report of the Green Growth Strategy; Implementing our commitment for a sustainable future
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Interim Report of the Green Growth Strategy: Implementing our commitment for a sustainable future
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: La croissance verte apparaît de plus en plus aux yeux des pays comme un moyen de poursuivre la croissance économique et le développement, tout en prévenant la dégradation de l’environnement, l’appauvrissement de la biodiversité et l’exploitation non viable des ressources. Une vision stratégique est nécessaire pour faire un sorte que les politiques que les gouvernements mettront en place, durant la sortie de crise et au-delà soient les mieux adaptées en termes d’efficience économique, d’intégrité environnementale et d’équité sociale, et qu’elles soient cohérentes aux plans tant national qu’international. Le rapport intérimaire de 2010 de la Stratégie pour une croissance verte OCDE présente des réflexions initiales concernant un certain nombre de problèmes importants auxquels sont confrontés les décideurs désireux de promouvoir une croissance verte. La croissance verte prend appui sur les initiatives lancées dans de nombreux pays soucieux de parvenir à un développement plus durable, et vise à identifier des sources plus propres de croissance, tout en tirant parti des possibilités de développer de nouveaux secteurs d’activité, technologies et emplois verts et en gérant les changements structurels qu’impliquera la transition vers une économie plus verte. Il conviendra de saisir ces nouvelles opportunités tout en maîtrisant les conséquences de la transition pour l’emploi et ses autres effets redistributifs dans les secteurs plus traditionnels. D’importants outils de mesure ainsi qu’un panel d’indicateurs seront nécessaires pour surveiller l’avancée vers une croissance verte et en saisir ses principaux aspects. www.oecd.org/croissanceverte
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264087781-fr
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    Nuclear Production of Hydrogen : Fourth Information Exchange Meeting, Oakbrook, Illinois, USA , 14-16 April 2009 (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264087156
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (468 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    ZP 4150
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Kernenergie ; Wasserstofferzeugung
    Abstract: Hydrogen has the potential to play an important role as a sustainable and environmentally acceptable energy carrier in the 21st century. This report describes the scientific and technical challenges associated with the production of hydrogen using heat and/or electricity from nuclear power plants, with special emphasis on recent developments in high-temperature electrolysis and the use of different chemical thermodynamic processes. Economics and market analysis as well as safety aspects of the nuclear production of hydrogen are also discussed.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264087156-en
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    Radioactive Waste in Perspective (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264092624
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les déchets radioactifs ; mise en perspective
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les déchets radioactifs : mise en perspective
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Radioaktiver Abfall ; Abfallbeseitigung ; Management
    Abstract: Large volumes of hazardous wastes are produced each year, however only a small proportion of them are radioactive. While disposal options for hazardous wastes are generally well established, some types of hazardous waste face issues similar to those for radioactive waste and also require long-term disposal arrangements. The objective of this NEA study is to put the management of radioactive waste into perspective, firstly by contrasting features of radioactive and hazardous wastes, together with their management policies and strategies, and secondly by examining the specific case of the wastes resulting from carbon capture and storage of fossil fuels. The study seeks to give policy makers and interested stakeholders a broad overview of the similarities and differences between radioactive and hazardous wastes and their management strategies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264092624-en
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    Eco-Innovation in Industry : Enabling Green Growth (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264077225
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (278 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'éco-innovation dans l'industrie ; favoriser la croissance verte
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'éco-innovation dans l'industrie : favoriser la croissance verte
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Eco-innovation in industry
    RVK:
    AR 28300
    RVK:
    QT 200
    Keywords: Industrie ; Innovationsmanagement ; Umwelttechnik ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Industrie ; Nachhaltigkeit ; OECD
    Abstract: Eco-innovation will be a key driver of industry efforts to tackle climate change and realise “green growth” in the post-Kyoto era. Eco-innovation calls for faster introduction of breakthrough technologies and for more systemic application of available solutions, including non-technological ones. It also offers opportunities to involve new players, develop new industries and increase competitiveness. Structural change in economies will be imperative in coming decades. This book presents the research and analysis carried out during the first phase of the OECD Project on Sustainable Manufacturing and Eco-innovation. Its aim is to provide benchmarking tools on sustainable manufacturing and to spur eco-innovation through better understanding of innovation mechanisms. It reviews the concepts and forms an analytical framework; analyses the nature and processes of eco-innovation; discusses existing sustainable manufacturing indicators; examines methodologies for measuring eco-innovation; and takes stock of national strategies and policy initiatives for eco-innovation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264077225-en
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  • 83
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    Test No. 233: Sediment-Water Chironomid Life-Cycle Toxicity Test Using Spiked Water or Spiked Sediment (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264090910
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (29 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 233 ; Essai de toxicité sur le cycle de vie des chironomes dans un système eau-sédiment chargé ou eau chargée-sédiment
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 233 : Essai de toxicité sur le cycle de vie des chironomes dans un système eau-sédiment chargé ou eau chargée-sédiment
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Guideline is designed to assess the effects of prolonged exposure of chemicals to the life-cycle of the sediment-dwelling freshwater dipteran Chironomus sp. First instar chironomid larvae are exposed to five concentrations of the test chemical in sediment-water systems. The test substance is spiked into the water or alternatively the sediment, and first instar larvae are subsequently introduced into test beakers in which the sediment and water concentrations have been stabilised. Chironomid emergence, time to emergence, and sex ratio of the fully emerged and alive midges are assessed. Emerged adults are transferred to breeding cages, to facilitate swarming, mating and oviposition. The number of egg ropes produced and their fertility are assessed. From these egg ropes, first instar larvae of the 2nd generation are obtained. These larvae are placed into freshly prepared test beakers (spiking procedure as for the 1st generation) to determine the viability of the 2nd generation through an assessment of their emergence, time to emergence and the sex ratio of the fully emerged and alive midges. All data are analysed either by a regression model to estimate the concentration that would cause X% reduction in the relevant endpoint, or by using hypothesis testing to determine a No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264090910-en
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  • 84
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    Taxation, Innovation and the Environment : (Chinese version) (2010)
    Beijing : Chinese Academy of Governance, China
    Details
    ISBN: 9787515000718
    Language: Chinese
    Pages: Online-Ressource (302 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Taxation, Innovation and the Environment
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La fiscalité, l'innovation et l'environnement
    Keywords: Environment ; Taxation
    DOI: 10.1787/9787515000718-zh
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  • 85
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    Taxation, Innovation and the Environment (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264087637
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Taxation, Innovation and the Environment; (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La fiscalité, l'innovation et l'environnement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Taxation, Innovation and the Environment: (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Taxation, innovation and the environment
    RVK:
    QT 200
    Keywords: Ökosteuer ; Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; Emissionshandel ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Taxation ; Umweltabgabe ; Umweltschutz ; Innovation ; Umweltpolitik ; Umweltsteuer ; Innovationsförderung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Solving the world’s environmental problems could take a significant toll on economic growth if only today’s technologies are available. We know that innovation – the creation and adoption of new cleaner technologies and know-how – provides a means to achieve local and global environmental goals at significantly lower costs. Innovation is also a major driver of economic growth. OECD governments are increasingly using environmentally related taxes because they are typically one of the most effective policy tools available. Exploring the relationship between environmentally related taxation and innovation is critical to understanding the full impacts of this policy instrument as well as one potential facet of “green growth.” By putting a price on pollution, do environmentally related taxes spur innovation? What types of innovation result? Does the design of the tax play a critical role? What is the effect of this innovation? In analysing these questions, this report draws on case studies that cover Japan, Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Israel and others. It covers a wide set of environmental issues and technologies, as well as the economic and policy contexts. The research methods range from econometric analysis to interviews with business owners and executives. The report also explores the use of environmentally related taxes in OECD countries and outlines considerations for policymakers when implementing these taxes. Green growth policies can stimulate economic growth while preventing environmental degradation, biodiversity loss and unsustainable natural resource use. The results from this publication will contribute to the Green Growth Strategy being developed by the OECD as a practical policy package for governments to harness the potential of greener growth.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264087637-en
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  • 86
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    Réduire les coûts de gestion des produits chimiques : Comment l'OCDE aide les gouvernements et l'industrie (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264087026
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (50 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cutting Costs in Chemicals Management; How OECD Helps Governments and Industry
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cutting Costs in Chemicals Management: How OECD Helps Governments and Industry
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: L’industrie chimique, qui comprend les produits chimiques industriels, les produits pharmaceutiques, les pesticides, les additifs alimentaires et les cosmétiques, est l’un des plus grands secteurs industriels mondiaux. Nombre de produits chimiques font l’objet d’échanges internationaux. Des exigences différentes selon les pays peuvent être à l’origine d’efforts redondants et de coûts significatifs pour l’industrie chimique, et peuvent créer des obstacles aux échanges. En convenant de méthodes d’essais et de la qualité à atteindre en matière de données et en partageant la charge de travail que représentent les essais et évaluations de sécurité des produits chimiques, les pays obtiennent ensemble des résultats écologiquement durables et économiquement efficaces. Pour les essais d’hygiène et de sécurité non cliniques, par exemple, les résultats des études réalisées sur un produit chimique dans un pays de l’OCDE doivent être acceptés par les autres, du moment qu’elles ont été menées conformément aux Lignes directrices de l’OCDE pour les essais et aux Principes de l’OCDE relatifs aux bonnes pratiques de laboratoire. L’industrie chimique peut ainsi éviter les dépenses occasionnées par la duplication des essais pour des produits commercialisés dans plusieurs pays. Ce rapport analyse le système rigoureux et complet d’évaluation et de gestion des produits chimiques, qui aide les pouvoirs publics et les industriels à économiser près de 150 millions EUR par an grâce à un « partage de la charge de travail » auquel l’OCDE apporte son concours.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264087026-fr
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  • 87
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    Essai n 223 : Oiseaux, essai de toxicité orale aigue͏̈ (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264090903
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (27 p)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 223; Avian Acute Oral Toxicity Test
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 223: Avian Acute Oral Toxicity Test
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: La présente Ligne directrice décrit les procédures à suivre pour évaluer la toxicité orale aiguë de substances chez les oiseaux selon trois types d’essais : (1) essai de dose limite, (2) essai de détermination de la pente de la DL50, (3) essai de détermination de la DL50 seule. Les essais de pente de la DL50 et de DL50 seule sont des procédures d’essai séquentielles. La méthode d’essai choisie dépend du besoin que l’on a ou non de déterminer la dose médiane (DL50) définitive et la pente de la courbe dose-effet. L’essai de dose limite est privilégié en cas de faible toxicité attendue et de létalité improbable à la dose limite. La dose limite, qui doit être adaptée aux fins de l’évaluation, est en général de 2 000 mg/kg de poids corporel. Cinq ou dix oiseaux et un groupe témoin sont utilisés pour l’essai de dose limite. L’essai de détermination de la pente de la DL50 est privilégié lorsque des exigences réglementaires ou d’une autre nature imposent de déterminer, outre une estimation de la DL50, la pente de la courbe dose-effet et/ou l’intervalle de confiance. Il se déroule en 3 ou 4 étapes avec 24 ou 34 oiseaux et un groupe témoin. L’essai de détermination de la DL50 seule est privilégié lorsque des exigences réglementaires ou d’une autre nature imposent de déterminer la dose létale médiane mais non la pente de la courbe dose-effet ni l’intervalle de confiance pour la DL50. Il peut convenir pour estimer un centile de la distribution de la sensibilité d’une espèce et pour fournir des informations aux fins d’étiquetage des produits. Cet essai se déroule en deux étapes, avec 14 oiseaux et un groupe témoin. Logiciel à utiliser pour l'essai 223. Cliquer ici. Logiciel non couvert par l’Acceptation Mutuelle des Données.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264090903-fr
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  • 88
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    Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms, Volume 4 : OECD Consensus Documents (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264096158
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336 p.)
    Series Statement: Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Safety assessment of transgenic organisms ; Vol. 4
    RVK:
    WG 3450
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Transgene Pflanzen ; Umweltgefährdung ; Risikoanalyse
    Abstract: The books on “Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms” constitute a compilation of the OECD Biosafety Consensus Documents. When published, Volume 1 and 2 contained the documents issued before 2006; Volume 3 and 4 are a continuation of the compilation up to 2010. The OECD Biosafety Consensus Documents identify elements of scientific information used in the environmental safety and risk assessment of transgenic organisms which are common to OECD member countries and some non members associated with the work. This is intended to encourage information sharing, promote harmonised practices, and prevent duplication of effort among countries. These books offer ready access to those consensus documents which have been issued on the website thus far. As such, it should be of value to applicants for commercial uses of transgenic organisms (crops, trees, microorganisms), to regulators and risk assessors in national authorities, as well as the wider scientific community. More information on the OECD's work related to the biosafety of transgenic organisms is found at BioTrack Online (http://www.oecd.org/biotrack).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264096158-en
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  • 89
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    Test No. 442A: Skin Sensitization : Local Lymph Node Assay: DA (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264090972
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (16 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 442A ; Sensibilisation cutanée ; Essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques; DA
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 442A : Sensibilisation cutanée : Essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques: DA
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The Local Lymph Node Assay: DA (LLNA: DA) is a non-radioactive modification to the LLNA method for identifying potential skin sensitizing test substances and measuring the proliferation of lymphocytes they induce in the auricular lymph nodes. The method, described in mouse (CBA/J strain), is based on measurement of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content by bioluminescence as an indicator of this proliferation. A minimum of four animals is used per dose group, with a minimum of three concentrations of the test substance, plus a concurrent negative control group and, if appropriate, a positive control group. The experimental schedule is during 8 days. The time from animal sacrifice to measurement of ATP should not exceed 30 min. The procedure from excision of lymph nodes to ATP measurement should be kept uniform for each animal and completed within 20 minutes. The luciferin/luciferase method is applied to measure the bioluminescence in Relative Luminescence Units (RLU). This study includes: measurements (weighing, RLU), and clinical daily observations. The results are expressed as the Stimulation Index (SI) obtained by calculation. The SI should be ¡Ý1.8 before further evaluation of the test material as a potential skin sensitizer is warranted.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264090972-en
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  • 90
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    Linkages between Environmental Policy and Competitiveness (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 54 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Environment Working Papers no.13
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Debates exist between those who claim that environmental policy will impose additional burdens and costs on industries, thus impairing their competitiveness, and those who claim that improved environmental performance can spur competitiveness. These arguments often surface when new environmental policy regulation are considered, e.g. when the REACH Directive was introduced in Europe, or when a government is considering the introduction of a carbon tax. The report develops a conceptual framework to shed some light on this difficult debate. Competitiveness impacts of environmental policies may derive from the policy itself, or from the improvements of the environmental performance that derives from the policy. These impacts can be analysed at either firm or industry levels; they may differ over the short and long term. Globalisation, with the increasing role of MNEs and mobile capital and labour, is adding more complexity. This framework is used to decipher some of the messages that come out of empirical studies on these issues. Empirical evidence is mixed, and the paper identifies methodological and substantive reasons why empirical research fails to determine the relationship between environmental policy and competitiveness. Lessons derive from this literature review. Typically, even when implementing the environmental policy is clearly in the overall interest of society, the costs and benefits of the policy are unlikely to be equally shared among economic agents. While some win, individual firms or industries may stand to lose. Policy design should make sure that the adverse competitiveness impacts are not unnecessarily large, for example by paying attention to predictability, transition periods, and transaction costs. Specific measures to support the losers in their adjustment can also be developed. Sometimes measures to mitigate the adverse competitiveness impacts of an environmental policy are necessary to achieve political support for the policy. In those instances, the planned measures should be carefully analysed from several angles to ensure that they do not inadvertently hurt the efficiency and effectiveness of the original policy. More work is required to further explore these issues, which are consequential for the design, the implementation and the enforcement of environmental policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/218446820583
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  • 91
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    Essai n 439 : Irritation cutanée in vitro : Essai sur épiderme humain reconstitué (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264090965
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (22 p)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 439; In Vitro Skin Irritation; Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 439: In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice décrit une procédure in vitro qui peut être utilisée pour identifier les dangers présentés par les produits chimiques irritants (substances et mélanges) conformément à la Catégorie 2 du Système général harmonisé de classification et d’étiquetage (SGH) de l’ONU. Elle s’appuie sur un épiderme humain reconstitué, qui dans sa conception globale, reproduit les propriétés biochimiques et physiologiques de la partie supérieure de la peau humaine. La viabilité cellulaire est mesurée par la conversion enzymatique du colorant vital MTT en un sel de formazan bleu, qui est mesuré quantitativement après extraction des tissus. Les substances d’essai irritantes sont identifiées par leur capacité à réduire la viabilité cellulaire au dessous d’un seuil défini (inférieur ou égal à 50% pour la Catégorie 2 du SGH de l’ONU). Cette Ligne directrice comprend aussi des normes de performance pour l’évaluation de méthodes d’essai similaires ou modifiées sur épiderme humain reconstitué. Trois méthodes d’essai validées sont conformes à cette Ligne directrice. En fonction du cadre législatif et du système de classification utilisé, cette procédure peut être utilisée pour déterminer l’irritation cutanée de substances d’essai, en tant qu’essai de substitution d’essai d’irritation cutanée in vivo, ou en tant qu’essai de substitution partiel, dans le cadre d’une stratégie d’essai à plusieurs niveaux.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264090965-fr
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  • 92
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    Test No. 442B: Skin Sensitization : Local Lymph Node Assay: BrdU-ELISA (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264090996
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (15 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 442B ; Sensibilisation cutanée ; Essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques; BrdU- ELISA
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 442B : Sensibilisation cutanée : Essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques: BrdU- ELISA
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The Local Lymph Node Assay: BrdU-ELISA (LLNA:BrdU-ELISA) is a non-radioactive modification to the LLNA method for identifying potential skin sensitizing test substances and measuring the proliferation of lymphocytes they induce in the auricular lymph nodes. The method described in mouse is based on the use of measuring 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) content, an analogue of thymidine, as an indicator of this proliferation. A minimum of four animals is used per dose group, with a minimum of three concentrations of the test substance, plus a concurrent negative control group and a positive control group. The experimental schedule is during 6 days. Thereafter, the animals are killed and a single cell suspension of lymph node cells (LNC) is prepared. The procedure for preparing the LNC is crucial, in particular for the small lymph nodes in NC animals. Then the BrdU content in DNA of lymphocytes is measured by ELISA using a commercial kit of by Flow Cytometry (FCM). This study includes: measurements (weighing, BrdU) and clinical daily observations. The results are expressed as the Stimulation Index (SI) obtained by calculation from the mean BrdU labelling index. The SI should be ≥1.6 for the ELISA method or ≥2.7 for the FCM method for identifying the test material as a potential skin sensitizer.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264090996-en
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  • 93
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    Test No. 417: Toxicokinetics (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070882
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (20 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 417; Toxicocinétique
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 417: Toxicocinétique
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes in vivo studies that provide information on mass balance, absorption, bioavailability, tissue distribution, metabolism, excretion, and basic toxicokinetic parameters [e.g. AUC], as well as supplemental approaches that may provide useful information on toxicokinetics. Information from toxicokinetic studies helps to relate concentration or dose to the observed toxicity and to understand its mechanism of toxicity. The test substance ("unlabelled" or "radiolabelled" forms) is normally administered by an oral route, but other routes of administration may be applicable. Single dose administration of the substance (preferably a minimum of two dose levels) may be adequate, but repeated dose may be needed in some circumstances. Toxicokinetic studies should preferably be carried out in the same species as that used in other toxicological studies performed with the substance (normally the rat, a minimum of 4 animals of one sex for each dose). Initial estimation of absorption can be achieved by mass balance determination, but further investigations such as intravenous (IV) administration and biliary excretion studies might be necessary. Bioavailability can be determined from plasma/blood kinetics of oral and IV groups. The percent of the total dose in tissues should at a minimum be measured at the termination of experiment,but additional time points may also be needed. Metabolites present at 5 % or greater of the administered dose should be identified. The rate and extent of excretion of the administered dose should be determined by measuring the percent recovered dose from urine, faeces and expired air.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070882-en
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  • 94
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    Essai n 442A : Sensibilisation cutanée : Essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques: DA (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264090989
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (16 p)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 442A; Skin Sensitization; Local Lymph Node Assay; DA
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 442A: Skin Sensitization: Local Lymph Node Assay: DA
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: L’essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques: DA (ELGL:DA) est une variante non radioactive de la méthode ELGL qui vise à identifier les substances chimiques sensibilisantes et à mesurer la prolifération lymphocytaire qu’ils induisent dans les ganglions lymphatiques auriculaires. Cette méthode, décrite chez la souris (de souche CBA/J), se base sur la quantification par bioluminescence du contenu en adénosine triphosphate (ATP), indicateur de cette prolifération. Quatre animaux au minimum sont utilisés par groupe de dose, avec au minimum trois concentrations de la substance d'essai, plus un groupe contrôle négatif traité seulement avec le véhicule, et au besoin un contrôle positif. Le protocole expérimental dure 8 jours. La teneur en ATP doit être quantifiée dans les 30 minutes qui suivent l’euthanasie. La procédure appliquée, de l’excision des ganglions lymphatiques au dosage de l’ATP, doit être identique pour chaque animal et ne doit pas excéder 20 minutes. La méthode luciférine/luciférase est appliquée pour quantifier la bioluminescence exprimée en unités relatives de luminescence (RLU). L’essai inclut des mesures (pesée, RLU) et des observations cliniques quotidiennes. Les résultats sont exprimés par l’Indice de Stimulation (IS), qui est obtenu par calcul. Une évaluation complémentaire de la substance d’essai comme sensibilisant potentiel est justifiée lorsque SI ≥1.8.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264090989-fr
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  • 95
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    Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE: Irlande 2010 (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264079526
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (328 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Ireland 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Ireland 2010
    Keywords: Environment ; Ireland
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage s'inscrit dans le programme d'examens environnementaux concernant ses pays membres. Les efforts menés pour atteindre les objectifs nationaux et satisfaire aux engagements internationaux y sont évalués en détails. Les analyses s'appuient sur un large ensemble de données économiques et environnementales et conduisent à des recommandations sur les progrès à faire dans les domaines de l'environnement et du développement durable. Le second cycle d'Examens environnementaux de l’OCDE de ses 30 pays membres sera achevé en 2010. Celui-ci met l’accent sur la gestion de l’environnement, le développement durable et les engagements internationaux.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264079526-fr
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  • 96
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    Essai n 442B : Sensibilisation cutanée : Essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques: BrdU- ELISA (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264091009
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (14 p)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 442B; Skin Sensitization; Local Lymph Node Assay; BrdU-ELISA
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 442B: Skin Sensitization: Local Lymph Node Assay: BrdU-ELISA
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: L’Essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques: BrdU-ELISA (ELGL: BrdU-ELISA) est une variante non radioactive de la méthode ELGL qui vise à identifier les substances chimiques sensibilisantes et à mesurer la prolifération lymphocytaire qu’ils induisent dans les ganglions lymphatiques auriculaires. Cette méthode décrite chez la souris se base sur la quantification de la 5-bromo-2- désoxyuridine (BrdU), un analogue of thymidine, dans l’ADN des lymphocytes, comme indicateur de cette prolifération. Quatre animaux au minimum sont employés par groupe de dose, avec au minimum trois concentrations de la substance d'essai, plus un groupe contrôle négatif traité avec le véhicule seul, et un contrôle positif, au besoin. Le protocole expérimental dure 6 jours. Ensuite, les animaux sont euthanasiés et une suspension unicellulaire de cellules de ganglions lymphatiques (CGL) est préparée. La procédure de dispersion des CGL est une étape cruciale, en particulier pour les ganglions lymphocytaires très petits chez le animaux du groupe contrôle négatif. Ensuite la BrdU dans l’ADN des lymphocytes est quantifiée à l’aide d’un kit de dosage ELISA ou par cytométrie de flux (FCM). L’essai inclut des mesures (pesée, BrdU) et des observations cliniques quotidiennes. Les résultats sont exprimés par l’Indice de Stimulation (IS) obtenu par calcul à partir des indices moyens de marquage BrdU pour les différents groupes. Un SI ≥1.6 pour la méthode ELISA ou un SI ≥2.7 pour la cytométrie de flux justifie l’évaluation de la substance d’essai comme sensibilisant potentiel.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264091009-fr
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  • 97
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    Online Resource
    OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Japan 2010 (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264087873
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE; Japon 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE: Japon 2010
    Keywords: Environment ; Japan
    Abstract: This 2010 review of Japan's environmental conditions and policies evaluates progress in reducing the pollution burden, improving natural resource management, integrating environmental and economic policies, and strengthening international co-operation. It includes coverage of policy for greening growth, implementation of environmental policies, climate change, waste management and the 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle), and nature and biodiversity. The review finds that since the last review, Japan has made steady progress in addressing a range of environmental issues, notably air and water pollution, and the management of chemicals and waste. The energy intensity of the economy has continued to decrease, particularly in the industrial sector, and is among the lowest in OECD countries. Material intensity has also decreased. At the same time, several more complex, long-term challenges have come to the fore: climate change, sound waste, materials management, and biodiversity conservation. Much of the last decade was characterised by sluggish economic growth, and environment and green innovation are targeted as key drivers of future growth and job creation in Japan's New Growth Strategy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264087873-en
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  • 98
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    Online Resource
    OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Luxembourg 2010 (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264077287
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (210 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE; Luxembourg 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE: Luxembourg 2010
    Keywords: Environment ; Luxembourg
    Abstract: OECD's 2010 review of Luxembourg's environmental conditions and progress in air, water, waste and materials management; nature and biodiversity; the environment-economy interface; the environment-social interface; and international commitments and co-operation. The analyses presented are supported by a broad range of economic and environmental data and include recommendations for further environmental and sustainable development progress.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264077287-en
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transition to a Low-Carbon Economy : Public Goals and Corporate Practices (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264090231
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La transition vers une économie sobre en carbone ; objectifs publics et pratiques des entreprises
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La transition vers une économie sobre en carbone : objectifs publics et pratiques des entreprises
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Transition to a low-carbon economy
    RVK:
    QT 800
    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Umweltmanagement ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Umweltbezogenes Management ; Klimaänderung
    Abstract: Companies are increasingly aware of the need to address climate change. However, while many companies are taking action to address climate change, many others are still lagging behind. This report surveys responsible business practices addressing climate change and driving the shift to a low-carbon economy. It summarises policies, regulations and other instruments in support of a low carbon economy in OECD countries and emerging economies, and analyses corporate responses to these drivers. Using the principles of responsible business conduct identified in the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises, this report reviews three key areas of corporate action: accounting for greenhouse gas emissions; achieving emissions reductions; and engaging suppliers, consumers and other stakeholders.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264090231-en
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Guidance on Sustainability Impact Assessment (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264086913
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Document d'orientation pour les études d'impact sur la durabilité
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Abstract: This publication offers a general introduction to sustainability impact assessment, which is an approach for exploring the combined economic, environmental and social impacts of a range of proposed policies, programmes, strategies and action plans. Such assessments can also assist decision-making and strategic planning throughout the entire policy cycles. It is not an in-depth or detailed user manual, but rather outlines basic principles and process steps of sustainability impact assessments, drawing on examples from Switzerland, Belgium and the European Commission, among others. This publication is a valuable source of information for policy makers on sustainability impact assessments.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264086913-en
    URL: Volltext
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