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  • Online Resource  (623)
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  • 1995-1999  (623)
  • OECD  (623)
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  • 1
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Series Statement: Education and skills
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Reviews of national policies for education
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Language: English
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: 45
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264272552
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    ISBN: 9789264272811
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264273061
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9789264272149
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264272798
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789264263659
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1998
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  • 10
    ISBN: 9789264263949
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1998
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264273030
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Language: English , French
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: 31
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    ISBN: 9264170308
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei)
    Series Statement: OECD proceedings
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Xenotransplantation
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: 18.03.1998 ; Organtransplantation ; Gesundheitskosten ; Welt ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Konferenzschrift ; Heterotransplantation
    Abstract: Over one million people world-wide have benefited from successful tissue and organ transplants and survival rates have dramatically improved. But transplantation has become a victim of its own success. The demand for human organs can no longer be met and deaths of persons on waiting lists have more than doubled since 1988. A number of alternatives have been proposed to fill the gap between the supply and demand of organs and the past few years have seen the development of various approaches derived from recent advances in biotechnology. Among these technologies is xenotransplantation - the transplantation of viable cells, tissues and organs from one animal species to another. Xenotransplantation of cells and tissues has been approved for clinical trials in a number of OECD countries.
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9789264273672
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264280106
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264280199
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    ISBN: 9789264280090
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: 45
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264180161
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264180192
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9264171223
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei)
    Series Statement: OECD proceedings
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development Trade and competition policies
    RVK:
    Keywords: Außenwirtschaftspolitik ; Wettbewerbspolitik ; Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Industrieländer ; Entwicklungsländer ; Konferenzschrift ; Wettbewerbspolitik ; Welthandel
    Abstract: To further benefit from trade liberalisation, developed and developing countries must get their policies right, in trade and other spheres, such as the web of domestic regulations that affect commerce within and between countries. In the run-up to the November 1999 WTO Ministerial in Seattle, Washington, and a possible new round of multilateral trade negotiations, a Conference on trade and competition was held on 29-30 June 1999 at the OECD to explore the various options towards better coherence between trade and competition policies.
    Note: Enth. 3 Beitr
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Centre for Educational Research and Innovation
    ISBN: 9789264264083
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264273696
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Centre for Educational Research and Innovation
    ISBN: 9789264274099
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264274068
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264173149
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264173149
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    ISBN: 9789264074170
    Language: English , French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: 31
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    ISBN: 9789264180093
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: 45
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    ISBN: 9789264173927 , 9264171134 , 9789264171138
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: Sustainable development
    Keywords: Anthropogene Klimaänderung ; Umweltpolitik ; Umweltschutzkosten ; Emissionsverringerung ; OECD ; Treibhausgas ; Reduktion
    Abstract: Climate change is an increasing concern across the world. In 1997, a number of countries, including most OECD countries, agreed the Kyoto Protocol, which sets targets for future emissions of greenhouse gases that drive climate change. But the Kyoto Protocol left many decisions to be made, and while these are being discussed the clock ticks and the date for meeting the targets draws closer. Uncertainties are even larger as to policy requirements over the longer term. The Kyoto targets in themselves will do little to avert climate change but are best seen as a first step towards ambitious world-wide action. This puts the focus on how to achieve world-wide consensus for taking action and the economic impacts such action may have.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Contre le changement climatique : bilan et perspectives du Protocole de Kyoto
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Economic Outlook: Statistics and Projections
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE No. 66 (Édition 1999/2)
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The OECD Economic Outlook online database provides historical trends and future projections for a range of economic statistics. These include demand and gross domestic product (GDP), deflators and prices, general government accounts, households and business sectors, labour market, financial data, foreign exchange market, balance of payments, supply block, oil market and other raw materials.
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE : statistiques et projections
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Economic Outlook No. 66 (Edition 1999/2)
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: La base de données des Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE contient des données rétrospectives et des projections pour un éventail de statistiques économiques, telles que : demande et produit intérieur brut (PIB), déflateurs et prix, comptes des administrations publiques, secteur des ménages et des entreprises, marché du travail, données financières, commerce extérieur, balance des paiements, bloc d'offre et marché du pétrole et autres matières premières.
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE : statistiques et projections
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Economic Outlook No. 65 (Edition 1999/1)
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: La base de données des Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE contient des données rétrospectives et des projections pour un éventail de statistiques économiques, telles que : demande et produit intérieur brut (PIB), déflateurs et prix, comptes des administrations publiques, secteur des ménages et des entreprises, marché du travail, données financières, commerce extérieur, balance des paiements, bloc d'offre et marché du pétrole et autres matières premières.
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Economic Outlook: Statistics and Projections
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE No. 65 (Édition 1999/1)
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The OECD Economic Outlook online database provides historical trends and future projections for a range of economic statistics. These include demand and gross domestic product (GDP), deflators and prices, general government accounts, households and business sectors, labour market, financial data, foreign exchange market, balance of payments, supply block, oil market and other raw materials.
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264274365
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (64 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Beneficial Uses and Production of Isotopes
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Les isotopes radioactifs et stables sont utilisés à travers le monde dans de nombreux secteurs, notamment en médecine, dans l'industrie, l'agriculture et la recherche. Les isotopes sont irremplaçables dans bon nombre de leurs applications et s'avèrent généralement plus efficaces et moins chers que d'autres techniques ou procédés. Cette publication est la première étude internationale sur les usages bénéfiques et la production d'isotopes. Elle donne une vue d'ensemble de leurs principaux usages ainsi que des informations détaillées sur les installations qui les produisent à travers le monde. Les tendances de l'offre et de la demande d'isotopes sont analysées. Enfin, les conclusions et recommandations qui sont faites signalent aux organismes gouvernementaux les questions clés qu'il leur faut examiner. Cette publication sera utile aux décideurs des agences gouvernementales impliquées dans la production et l'utilisation des isotopes ainsi qu'aux chercheurs et aux experts travaillant dans ce domaine.
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264164079
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Co-operation Reviews no.30
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement ; Communauté Européenne 1998
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Development ; OECD
    Abstract: The European Community (EC) is the world's second largest multilateral channel for development assistance (after the World Bank). Its combined programmes are the fifth-largest among the 22 Members of the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC), and EC programmes have grown an average 3.3 per cent annually over the past five years, while the combined effort of DAC countries declined by 4.7 per cent annually. The Community's allocation of resources to lower income countries has not kept pace, however, with the overall growth of the ODA budget over recent years. EC programmes operate within a complex organisation and management structure, and Brussels faces serious challenges of implementation in adapting its operations to achieve agreed development objectives. There have been important steps in the evolution of the European Commission structures: a Common Service has been created to implement co-operation activities for the four Directorates General. But there is still a need to strengthen the capacity of delegations in the field to work fully with partners in advancing local ownership and co-ordination. The EC has a strong role to play in improving the coherence of policies affecting developing countries. The report analyses this question in fields such as agriculture, trade, fisheries agreements and Community fishing fleet subsidies. Co-ordination with other donors also seems to be improving, which bodes well for better overall partnerships between donors and partner countries. In 1998, the development co-operation policy of the following DAC Member countries will be reviewed: Canada, Finland, Germany, Luxembourg, Spain, and the United States.
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9789264273719
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (420 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform; Regulatory Reform in Japan 1999
    Keywords: Governance ; Japan
    Abstract: La réforme de la réglementation est au coeur de la stratégie de redressement économique et de croissance à long terme du Japon. Des progrès considérables ont déjà été accomplis pour réaliser cette priorité identifiée dès 1994 par le gouvernement japonais, mais il est aujourd'hui indispensable d'approfondir et d'accélérer la réforme de la réglementation. Cet ouvrage prône une rupture radicale avec les pratiques réglementaires et les doctrines du passé. Des mesures énergiques, relevant à la fois de la réforme sectorielle et de la réforme des conditions cadres, doivent être adoptées rapidement pour parachever le passage d'un modèle de croissance induite par l'Etat, devenu largement inopérant, à un modèle de croissance impulsée par le marché, seul à même de jeter les bases d'une compétitivité et d'une prospérité durables au Japon. Le Japon est l'un des premiers pays à avoir demandé à l'OCDE de procéder à un examen général de ses pratiques réglementaires et des réformes de la réglementation menées à l'échelon national. Cet ouvrage est le fruit de l'évaluation approfondie menée par l'OCDE et d'un examen par ses pays Membres. Il présente une évaluation intégrée sans équivalent de la réforme de la réglementation dans les domaines aussi essentiels que le contexte macro-économique, la qualité du secteur public, la politique de la concurrence et sa mise en oeuvre, ainsi que l'intégration des principes d'ouverture du marché dans les processus réglementaires et dans des secteurs tels que l'électricité et les télécommunications. Les politiques recommandées offrent un plan d'action équilibré à court et à plus long terme fondé sur les meilleures pratiques réglementaires à l'échelon international. Pour en savoir plus A lire dans la même collection : La réforme de la réglementation aux Etats-Unis, La réforme de la réglementation au Mexique et La réforme de la réglementation aux Pays-Bas. L'analyse de fond dont découlent ces premiers examens par pays est présentée dans le Rapport de l'OCDE sur la réforme de la réglementation : Rapport de synthèse et dans les deux volumes du Rapport de l'OCDE sur la réforme de la réglementation : Etudes sectorielles et Etudes thématiques, publiés en 1997.
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264172012
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (76 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Co-operation Reviews no.31
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement ; Finlande 1999
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Development ; Finland ; OECD ; Finnland
    Abstract: The OECD Development Assistance Committee's 1999 review of Finlands development aid programmes and policies. It finds that following a steep decline in its development co-operation programme in the early 1990s Finland is engaged in redesigning and building up its aid programme. The Cabinet Decision-in-principle of September 1996 is now the main point of reference for Finnish development co-operation. It includes a firm target of 0.4 per cent by the year 2000 for the ratio of Finland's official development assistance to the gross national product (the ODA/GNP ratio), the integration of development co-operation into a coherent foreign policy framework and the reorganisation of the aid administration within the Ministry for Foreign Affairs. At the DAC review of Finland's aid policies and programmes on 16 October 1998 the Committee commended both the partnership orientation of Finland's policies, as set out in the Decision-in-principle, and the growing volume of Finnish aid, a welcome reversal of the situation at the time of the last DAC Peer Review of Finland in 1995, when aid volume was in a deep decline. This Review addresses several other key issues: Finland's long-term partnerships with primary orientation countries; the flexibility concept, included in the Decision-in-principle; the need for clear sectoral and cross-cutting policy guidance; field management and delegation to the field; and the revised screening process for project and policy proposals that is part of the quality control system of Finnish aid.
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264172876
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 p)
    Keywords: Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Why decentralise the public employment service? What are the reasons for the increasing reliance on local management approaches in designing and implementing employment policies? These trends are not merely institutional changes, rather they reflect a change in strategy. To enhance the effectiveness of employment policy, governments attempt to provide greater flexibility in implementation, adapt national policies to local conditions, and stimulate involvement from all stakeholders. The impact of these reforms is widespread. They effect the role of the state, the division of power between government layers, and, most of all, employment itself. This book provides the most comprehensive set of employment practices and experiences currently implemented in 26 countries available to date. A wide range of area-based approaches illustrates the need for flexible and specific answers to adapt to local conditions. To complete the picture, summary chapters outline new trends and common challenges governments face in designing and optimising employment policy decentralisation. It brings together papers from a Conference held in Venice in April 1998. [Decentralising Employment Policy: New Trends and Challenges] is essential reading for policy-makers, practitioners and all local actors involved in employment policies.
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264173682
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: The OECD Jobs Strategy
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mise en oeuvre de la Stratégie de l'OCDE pour l'emploi ; Évaluation des performances et des politiques
    Keywords: Employment
    Abstract: High and persistent unemployment remains a major economic and social problem for many OECD countries. Currently, some 35 million persons are unemployed across the area and many others are so discouraged that they are not even looking for a job. There is also increasing concern about precarious jobs and in-work poverty in some countries. The OECD Jobs Strategy was launched five years ago in response to these problems. And it works: the available empirical evidence shows that its continued and comprehensive implementation leads to durably lower unemployment and higher employment. What lies behind the disparities in levels and trends of unemployment rates across countries? Why have some countries outperformed others in terms of successfully cutting unemployment? Why do some groups in society - the young, older workers, the low-skilled - have difficulty finding and keeping rewarding jobs in many countries? Should the rise in temporary and part-time jobs be welcomed or resisted? This publication reviews these issues in light of countries’ experience in implementing The OECD Jobs Strategy. It puts the spotlight on groups at the margin of the labour market, and looks at the policies required to better integrate them.
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264174030
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Tax Policy Studies no.1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les pouvoirs fiscaux des administrations infranationales
    Keywords: Governance ; Taxation
    Abstract: In many OECD countries, issues in fiscal federalism feature prominently in the political debate. Policy discussions in this area should preferably be supported by internationally comparable statistical information on fiscal relations between levels of government, both in the areas of taxation and spending. The annual OECD Revenue Statistics publication reports tax revenues by sub-sector of general government. However, it does not indicate the degree of control state and local governments exercise over their tax revenues. Because such data are not available on an internationally comparable level from other sources, the OECD has developed a framework to assess and analyze the degree of control that sub-central governments have over their taxes. Results shown in this book serve to illustrate the great variety in tax autonomy at the level of sub-central government. This volume contains a description of fiscal relations in most of the nineteen countries concerned and it provides a set of detailed tables for each country, with revenues split by 1) level of sub-central government; 2) OECD classification of taxes; and 3) category of tax autonomy, following the framework developed by the Working Party on Tax Policy Analysis and Tax Statistics.
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264172937
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (288 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The once booming dynamic economies in Asia were drawn into a whirlpool of business failures and economic devastation following the flotation of the Thai baht in July 1997, and the consequent collapse of asset prices and currency depreciations in several East Asian countries. High growth in these emerging market economies had masked important structural weaknesses that eventually triggered the economic slump now referred to as the Asia Crisis. To address the structural measures needed to restore sustained economic growth and stability in the crisis-affected countries, this book brings forth analyses and recommendations on the crisis from internationally respected economists and policy makers and the OECD. Overall, experts conclude that, to deal with the crisis and alleviate social distress, structural reforms of government, business and the financial sector must be undertaken rapidly. Such reforms must be established with a long-term view to protect these and other countries from future crises. Economic recovery in Asia is a high priority for the OECD. As an international organisation with experience across a broad range of structural issues, it is a unique forum for the exchange of views on national experiences with policy reforms and possible improvements in the functioning of financial markets. In November 1998, the OECD's Centre for Co-operation with Non-Members (CCNM) held the symposium that led to this publication. Experts from OECD Member and non-member economies attended the symposium. This publication assembles their contributions and provides insight into the possible role of the OECD in promoting economic recovery in the region.
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789264173859
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France
    Abstract: The optimisation of the nuclear fuel cycle is a key issue for the sustainability of nuclear energy. This book presents the papers from a workshop which investigated alternative nuclear energy futures, with emphasis on back-end of the fuel cycle options that could enhance the sustainability of nuclear energy in the long term, to 2050 and beyond. The papers lay out the conditions that need to be fulfilled for nuclear energy to remain a viable option and highlight the technological and strategic developments underway to address those issues. Subjects covered include natural resource management, radioactive waste minimisation, cost reduction and proliferation resistance aspects of alternative reactor and fuel cycle technologies.
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9789264173378
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (308 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Over the last 50 years particle accelerators have evolved from simple devices to powerful machines, and will continue to have an important impact on research, technology and lifestyle. Today, they cover a wide range of applications, from television and computer displays in households to investigating the origin and structure of matter. It has become common practice to use particle accelerators for material science and medical applications. In recent years, requirements from new technological and research applications have emerged, giving rise to new radiation shielding aspects and problems. These workshop proceedings review recent progress in radiation shielding of accelerator facilities, evaluating advancements and discussing further developments needed with respect to international co-operation in this field.
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264172920
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: How can the social and behavioural sciences contribute more effectively to solving the problems of society? Authoritative experts and policy makers examine the current state and status of the social sciences and present their views on what needs to be done. The authors, who represent OECD countries with diverse traditions and experience, discuss in particular the need to restructure social sciences, to better link them to policy making, to strengthen related basic research, to take advantage of progress made in information technologies for large-scale surveys and data storage, etc. Illustrative developments concern youth and urban problems, education reforms, immigration and environmental policies.
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264174122
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (348 p.)
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Traditional welfare and employment policies have been unable to tackle the problems of high unemployment and exclusion in OECD countries and recently a wave of new approaches has emerged together with new political notions of welfare-to-work. This book describes these new approaches in countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, France and the Netherlands. All these countries are relying increasingly on local agencies to design and manage policy to try and ensure that policy solutions meet local needs and to bring to bear local energies, skills and resources. What is the role that local agencies can play? How can they be integrated in effective partnerships? And what policy tools can best be applied? This book gives valuable answers to these questions and shows that governments and practitioners have much to learn from each other on the practicalities of implementing effective welfare-to-work policies. These Proceedings of the Sheffield Conference, held in November 1998 in collaboration with the Department for Education and Employment (DfEE) in the United Kingdom, were prepared by the Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Programme of the OECD's Territorial Development Service.
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264174047
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p.)
    Keywords: Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: To further benefit from trade liberalisation, developed and developing countries must get their policies right, in trade and other spheres, such as the web of domestic regulations that affect commerce within and between countries. In the run-up to the November 1999 WTO Ministerial in Seattle, Washington, and a possible new round of multilateral trade negotiations, a Conference on trade and competition was held on 29-30 June 1999 at the OECD to explore the various options towards better coherence between trade and competition policies. This Conference provided OECD countries and 30 non-member countries, academics and representatives of business, trade unions and advocacy groups a unique opportunity to discuss ways to strengthen trade and competition policies in the interests of more open global markets. They examined the effects of trade measures on competition. They also debated whether private anticompetitive practices, and certain domestic regulations, point to the need for multilateral trade and competition rules. This publication summarises those discussions and includes keynote addresses by Sir Leon Brittan and U.S. Assistant Attorney General for Antitrust Joel Klein, as well as an issues paper drafted by the OECD Secretariat to serve as a background note for the Conference.
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei) , graph. Darst.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. The response of higher education institutions to regional needs
    DDC: 378
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschule ; Wachstumspol ; Regionales Wachstum ; Forschungskooperation ; OECD-Staaten ; Hochschule ; Regionalentwicklung
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: Edition 1998
    Series Statement: Development Co-operation Reviews 30
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement : Communauté Européenne 1998
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Edition: Edition 1998
    Series Statement: Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement 30
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Development Co-operation Reviews: European Community 1998
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264272095
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (304 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: 23
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. STI Review, Volume 1998 Issue 2; Special Issue on Public/Private Partnerships in Science and Technology
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. STI Review, Volume 1998 Issue 2: Special Issue on Public/Private Partnerships in Science and Technology
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    ISBN: 9789264263918
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Tables Rondes CEMT no.107
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. User Charges for Railway Infrastructure
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: La séparation opérée en Europe -- au moins sur le plan comptable -- entre l'infrastructure ferroviaire et l'exploitation des trains s'est accompagnée de l'introduction progressive de redevances d'accès à l'infrastructure destinées à couvrir les coûts de circulation des trains. Mais déterminer le montant et la forme de ces redevances n'est pas chose facile, faute d'expériences vraiment probantes dans ce domaine. De fait, les systèmes de redevances diffèrent sensiblement selon les pays et les objectifs poursuivis lors de la mise en place de ce type de tarification sont multiples, voire contradictoires. Face à ce constat, la Table Ronde a tenu à rappeler, à travers ses rapports introductifs et ses débats, quelques principes économiques fondamentaux qui éclairent ce que pourrait être un système rationnel de redevances d'usage des infrastructures ferroviaires. Elle permet ainsi de faire le point sur l'un des aspects déterminants de la réforme ferroviaire en Europe. Cette Table Ronde examine tout particulièrement l'expérience de l'Allemagne, de la France, du Royaume-Uni et de la Suède.
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    ISBN: 9789264173040
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Aspects sociaux du transport routier
    DDC: 388.3/24/094
    RVK:
    Keywords: Transport ; Konferenzschrift 1998 ; Lastkraftwagenfahrer ; Arbeitsbelastung
    Abstract: The Seminar, held in Paris in December 1998, was a forum for discussion, in a broad sense, gathering together people from international scientific circles and people responsible for the preparation of political decisions. Bringing together delegates from more than 30 European countries, it was the occasion to discuss the following four recurring topics: working conditions: effects of foreseen modifications of working time on both the security and health of drivers; access to, and future of, the profession; the economic stakes: business competitivity, subcontracting, competition not only between enterprises but also between countries; and the role and limits of public authorities.
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264289413
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Managing National Innovation Systems
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Avec l’émergence d’une économie fondée sur le savoir, l’innovation détermine plus que jamais la capacité concurrentielle des entreprises, la prospérité des nations et le dynamisme de la croissance mondiale. Elle mobilise le progrès scientifique au service des besoins évolutifs de la société et constitue ainsi l’une des clés d’un développement durable. La promotion de l’innovation s’affiche aujourd’hui comme une haute priorité dans la plupart des pays de l’OCDE. Cet objectif se heurte toutefois souvent à une compréhension insuffisante de la portée des transformations du processus d’innovation, que celles-ci soient produites par la mondialisation, le développement des technologies de l’information et des communications, ou l’élargissement de la base de connaissances scientifiques. A partir de données empiriques nouvelles, cet ouvrage montre combien les liens qui existent entre l’industrie et le système scientifique se trouvent transformés et analyse la nature des compétences nécessaires pour innover. Il rend également compte des mutations qui modifient les rôles respectifs de la concurrence et de la coopération en matière d'innovation et prend toute la mesure de l'impulsion croissante que la création d’entreprises et les PME donnent à la dynamique d’innovation. A la lumière de cette publication, il apparaît que la performance en matière d’innovation dépend de manière cruciale de la façon dont interagissent, aux niveaux local, national et mondial, les différents éléments constitutifs du « système d’innovation » que sont les entreprises, les universités et les autres organismes de recherche. D'où la nécessité pour les pouvoirs publics de modifier leur approche de la promotion de l’innovation. Cette étude énonce les objectifs et définit les instruments de cette nouvelle politique de l’innovation tout en identifiant certaines mesures exemplaires prises récemment dans les pays de l'OCDE.
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264173996
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le prix de l'eau ; Les tendances dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le prix de l'eau : Les tendances dans les pays de l'OCDE
    RVK:
    Keywords: Environment ; Wasserpreis ; OECD
    Abstract: The price of water is a key determinant of both the economic efficiency and the environmental effectiveness of water services. This book reviews current practices and recent trends in water pricing practices for the household, agriculture, and industrial sectors in OECD countries. It addresses pricing issues related to the full range of water services, including public supplies, sewage treatment and disposal, abstraction and discharge fees, and cost recovery. It also outlines recent developments in institutional arrangements related to water pricing, and briefly considers questions concerning the affordability of water services and the responsiveness of water demands to changes in price levels. Its broad coverage of issues, sectors, and countries makes it a unique overview of trends in the water pricing field.
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264173316
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Issues in International Taxation no.6
    Series Statement: Issues in international taxation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'Application du Modèle de Convention fiscale de l'OCDE aux sociétés de personnes
    DDC: 343.068
    RVK:
    Keywords: Taxation ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Internationales Steuerrecht
    Abstract: The application of tax treaties to cases involving partnerships raises a number of complex issues. When is a partnership entitled to the benefits of a tax convention? What happens when the residence and source States apply different articles of the Convention on the basis of differences in their domestic law? How can the problems arising from conflicts of income allocation be solved? This report addresses these issues in detail and focuses on specific factual examples. For each example, the facts and, where applicable, relevant aspects of domestic tax laws are described. Comprehensive recommendations for dealing with the international taxation of partnerships in practice are also presented.
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264273313
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Questions de fiscalité internationale no.6
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Application of the OECD Model Tax Convention to Partnerships
    Keywords: Taxation ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: L'application des conventions fiscales aux cas impliquant des sociétés de personnes soulève un certain nombre de questions complexes. Dans quelles circonstances une société de personnes a-t-elle le droit de bénéficier des dispositions d'une convention fiscale ? Que se passe-t-il lorsque l'Etat de la résidence et l'Etat de la source appliquent des articles différents de la convention en vertu des spécificités de leurs droits internes ? Comment résoudre les problèmes d'imputation de revenu ? Ce rapport explore ces questions en s'appuyant sur des exemples précis. Chaque exemple comporte une description des faits et, le cas échéant, des dispositions applicables de la législation fiscale interne. On trouvera également dans cet ouvrage des recommandations précises sur la façon de régler les problèmes pratiques de fiscalité internationale liés aux sociétés de personnes.
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  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement 35
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Development Co-operation Reviews: Ireland 1999
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    ISBN: 9789264273320
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Etudes du Centre de Développement
    Series Statement: Études du Centre de développement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Competition, Innovation and Competitiveness in Developing Countries
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: La compétitivité des entreprises au sein de l'environnement économique mondial est une composante essentielle de la stratégie de développement, mais ouvrir l'économie ne suffit pas à stimuler la compétitivité si l'innovation fait défaut. Tel est l'enseignement essentiel que cette étude intersectorielle dégage de l'expérience du Brésil, de la Corée, de l'Inde et du Taipei chinois. Dans les pays en développement et les pays émergents, venus relativement tard à la technologie, les pratiques industrielles traditionnelles peuvent être associées à des réformes qui stimulent l'innovation, mais elles peuvent tout aussi bien entraîner une stagnation si le dosage des politiques et des pratiques est mauvais. Les études de cas présentées ici montrent que là où les habitudes industrielles tendent à réduire la compétitivité, l'action des pouvoirs publics peut être déterminante, notamment lorsqu'elle s'attache à gérer le rythme, l'ordre et la nature des mesures d'ouverture des marchés. Cette publication ouvre donc un nouveau débat sur les politiques industrielles que les pays en développement et en transition doivent adopter pour affronter la concurrence et croître dans une économie mondialisée.
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education: Tertiary Education and Research in the Russian Federation 1999
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264173439
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (328 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: China in the Global Economy
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Environment ; Taxation ; China, People’s Republic ; China ; Umweltsteuer
    Abstract: Environmental taxes are receiving growing interest world-wide. From an environmental perspective, a key driver has been the search for more efficient and cost-effective approaches for implementing domestic environmental policies. From a fiscal policy perspective, growing pressures have been exerted to reduce income tax rates and to offset this by broadening the tax base. These reforms provide opportunities to introduce new environmental taxes in a revenue-neutral manner and simultaneously to achieve environmental and fiscal policy objectives. This volume presents recent developments in designing and implementing environmental taxes in China and OECD countries. Key challenges and opportunities are highlighted, including the role of removing or reforming existing distortionary subsidies that are damaging to the environment; restructuring existing taxes; and introducing new environmental taxes. The papers, which were presented at an OECD Workshop held in October 1998, provide the reader with a unique comparative analysis.
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264273504
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (84 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Échanges, investissement et développement ; Pour la cohérence des politiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Échanges, investissement et développement : Pour la cohérence des politiques
    RVK:
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development ; Trade ; OECD ; Entwicklungspolitik
    Abstract: The development process can advance more rapidly than ever before in the new global economy. While opening their economies to trade and investment is a necessary condition for developing countries to achieve sustained high growth and reduce poverty, it is by no means a sufficient condition. Initiating a sustainable dynamic growth requires sound, market-oriented economic policies; appropriate social policy frameworks, including strong investment in human capital and adequate social safety-nets; and good governance. But, as shown by the Asian financial crisis, weaknesses in any of these basic foundations make even successful developing economies vulnerable to crisis. OECD countries have a pivotal role to play in facilitating developing countries' efforts to fully exploit the benefits of open trade and investment. The key objective of this report is to identify how OECD countries can promote policy coherence by improving the framework for international investment and capital flows; addressing environmental concerns; facilitating participation of developing countries in the global information society; and enhancing the coherence of development co-operation policies. To be successful, policy coherence implies the broader agenda of consciously taking account of the needs and interests of developing countries in order for them to be effective rather than vulnerable and marginal players in the global economy.
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264173309
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Échanges, investissement et développement ; Optimiser les bénéfices de l'ouverture des marchés
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Échanges, investissement et développement : Optimiser les bénéfices de l'ouverture des marchés
    RVK:
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development ; Trade ; Freihandel ; Globalisierung ; Entwicklung
    Abstract: Developing and transition economies are seeking to accelerate their development by liberalising trade and investment, and taking advantage of the opportunities of the global market place. However, in the wake of recent financial crises, concerns have been expressed that some countries might turn away from open trade and investment. In fact, most crisis-affected countries are continuing to liberalise trade and investment, which they see as part of the solution to the crisis, not the cause. This report reviews evidence of the benefits and challenges of trade and investment for development, drawing on experiences from economies in various parts of the world. Experience shows that open trade and investment have been beneficial for development, when accompanied by a coherent set of growth-oriented macroeconomic and structural policies, capacity-building, social policy and good governance. Further, countries like Korea and Mexico that have responded to economic crisis with liberalisation and structural reform have experienced positive results. All countries -- developed, developing and transition -- have a vital stake in a new Round of multilateral trade negotiations to prepare for the global economy of 21st century.
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  • 65
    ISBN: 9789264272828
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (284 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Séminaires du Centre de Développement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fiscal Decentralisation in Emerging Economies; Governance Issues
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fiscal Decentralisation in Emerging Economies: Governance Issues
    Keywords: Taxation ; Development
    Abstract: Ce bilan des expériences d'un grand nombre de pays Membres et non membres de l'OCDE en matière de décentralisation budgétaire est riche d'enseignements pour les deux groupes de pays. Il en ressort que le groupe des pays non membres de l'OCDE semble souvent confondre décentralisation fiscale et suppression du contrôle par les autorités centrales des finances infranationales. C'est une erreur ; une telle équation peut conduire à des comportements budgétairement irresponsables de la part des autorités locales, à une détérioration des situations budgétaires aux deux niveaux, et à un surcroît de coût en raison de l'existence d'institutions faisant double-emploi. Autre conclusion, on n'a pas accordé suffisamment d'attention aux mesures à prendre pour augmenter les recettes des collectivités locales, par opposition aux transferts émanant d'autres niveaux d'administration.La question de la décentralisation budgétaire dans les économies émergentes revêt une importance particulière parce qu'elle découle en partie d'un désir d'améliorer la démocratie et la responsabilisation à l'échelle locale. Toutefois, la répartition des responsabilités doit s'effectuer dans une atmosphère de transparence, et une bonne rationalisation des choix budgétaires suppose des compétences techniques. Il faut accorder une grande attention à l'approvisionnement des revenus et au contrôle efficace des dépenses. Enfin, les dépenses locales doivent correspondre aux revenus disponibles sans faire pression sur les ressources de l'administration centrale.
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: Development Co-operation Reviews 34
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement : Japon 1999
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    ISBN: 9789264173323
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (216 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Concurrence, innovation et compétitivité dans les pays en développement
    RVK:
    Keywords: Development ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Entwicklungsländer ; Wettbewerbsfähigkeit
    Abstract: The competitiveness of firms in a global economic environment is an essential element in development strategy, but simply creating an open economy will not suffice to stimulate competitiveness if innovation is lacking. This is the major finding of this cross-country and multi-industry study based on the experience of Brazil, Chinese Taipei, India and Korea.In developing countries and emerging economies, which can be considered technological latecomers, traditional industrial practices can be linked to policy changes which foster innovation, but can equally result in stagnation if the policy/practice mix is wrong. The case studies demonstrate that where industrial habits tend to reduce competitiveness, policies can make a difference, especially where they are directed to managing the timing, sequencing and type of market-opening steps. The book therefore opens a fresh debate on the industrial policies which developing countries need to adopt in order to compete and grow in a globalised economic environment.
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    ISBN: 9789264173552
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (184 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Conflits et croissance en Afrique ; Le Sahel Volume 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Conflits et croissance en Afrique : Le Sahel Volume 1
    RVK:
    Keywords: Development ; Sahel ; Wirtschaft
    Abstract: This is a book about conflict. In that, it is certainly not alone, but it approaches the problem in four Sahelian countries from the standpoint of economic analysis. The authors have not ignored social, ethnic and historical factors which led to conflict, but have identified economic realities which exacerbate the frictions created by the other factors. These realities include disparities in rural-urban income levels and in health, education and employment, and a system of clientilism which benefits a small group of civil servants to the detriment of the rest of the population. Having identified aggravating economic factors in conflict, the authors proceed to an appreciation of its economic cost, then propose economic policy changes which would tend towards reducing the potential for conflict. One of a series of three volumes, this book concentrates on Chad, Burkina-Faso, Mali and Niger.
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement 34
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Development Co-operation Reviews: Japan 1999
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  • 70
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264173590
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les services stratégiques aux entreprises
    RVK:
    Keywords: Employment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Unternehmensberatung ; Internationaler Vergleich ; OECD ; Dienstleistung ; Industriebetrieb
    Abstract: Strategic business services, examined in twenty-one OECD country case studies in this book, comprise services in computer software and information processing, research and development and technical testing, marketing, business organisation (management consultancy and labour recruitment) and human resource development. This sector has been growing at around 10% per year, and overall turnover for 1999 is likely to be close to USD 1.5 trillion. These services create jobs in OECD countries, directly employing at least 11 million persons. Business organisation services were the major employer, with 3.6 million people in personnel recruitment services and 1.5 million in management consultancy in the mid-1990s. This sector’s strong performance is driven by the general shift towards services, the rise of the knowledge-based economy, the need for greater flexibility within firms, specialisation and increased division of labour in many areas, outsourcing by established firms, and the trend towards smaller production units and firms.Governments influence the demand for business services by promoting private sector investment in intangibles such as R&D, training and education and business organisation, and by supporting the supply of these services through a range of intermediary agencies. The provision of strategic business services is seen as key to improving the performance and competitiveness of small and medium-sized firms.Countries covered Australia Austria Canada Denmark Finland France Germany Ireland Italy Japan Mexico Netherlands Norway New Zealand Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    ISBN: 9789264273559
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (194 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Etudes du Centre de Développement
    Series Statement: Études du Centre de développement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Conflict and Growth in Africa; The Sahel Volume 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Conflict and Growth in Africa: The Sahel Volume 1
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Les conflits : tel est le sujet de ce livre. Rien là de bien original si ce n'est qu'il analyse la situation de quatre pays sahéliens d'un point de vue économique. Sans faire abstraction des facteurs sociaux, ethniques et historiques qui sont à l'origine des conflits, les auteurs s'intéressent aux problèmes économiques bien réels qui exacerbent les frictions sous-jacentes. Les disparités entre zones urbaines et rurales, par exemple, sont sensibles dans les niveaux de revenu, mais aussi dans des domaines tels que la santé, l'éducation ou l'emploi ; autre réalité : le clientélisme, celui-ci favorise une petite élite de fonctionnaires au détriment du reste de la population. Les auteurs identifient ainsi les facteurs économiques qui jouent un rôle aggravant dans les situations de conflit, en évaluent le coût économique, et proposent des réorientations politiques susceptibles d'atténuer les risques de conflit. Cet ouvrage s'intègre dans une série composée de trois volumes ; il porte essentiellement sur le Tchad, le Burkina-Faso, le Mali et le Niger. Pour en savoir plus Conflits et croissance en Afrique -- Vol. 2 : Kenya, Ouganda et Tanzanie Conflits et croissance en Afrique -- Vol. 3 : L'Afrique australe
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264273597
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Strategic Business Services
    Keywords: Employment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Les services stratégiques aux entreprises, que cet ouvrage étudie dans 21 pays de l'OCDE, englobent les services de logiciels et de traitement de l'information, les services de recherche-développement (R-D) et techniques, les services de marketing, d'organisation de l'entreprise (services de conseil en gestion et de recrutement du personnel), et de mise en valeur des ressources humaines. Ces services se sont développés à un rythme d’environ 10 % par an, leur chiffre d’affaires cumulé devant avoisiner 1 500 milliards de dollars des États-Unis en 1999. Ces services, qui sont créateurs d’emplois, représentent au moins 11 millions d’emplois directs dans les pays de l’OCDE. Au milieu des années 90, les services d’organisation de l’entreprise étaient le principal employeur avec 3,6 millions d’emplois dans les services de recrutement de personnel et 1,5 million dans le conseil en gestion. L’excellente performance de ce secteur tient à de nombreux facteurs : l'évolution générale de l’économie vers les services, la montée des économies fondées sur le savoir, le besoin d'une plus grande flexibilité au sein des entreprises, la spécialisation et la division accrue du travail dans de nombreux secteurs, le recours des entreprises bien établies à la sous-traitance et la tendance à privilégier les petites unités de production et entreprises. Les pouvoirs publics peuvent influencer la demande de services aux entreprises en favorisant les investissements incorporels du secteur privé dans la R-D, dans la formation et l'éducation et dans l'organisation de l'entreprise, et en soutenant l’offre de ces services à travers toute une série d’organismes intermédiaires. La fourniture de services stratégiques aux entreprises est considérée comme essentielle pour améliorer la performance et la compétitivité des PME. Pays couverts Allemagne Australie Autriche Canada Danemark Espagne États-Unis Finlande France Irlande Italie Japon Mexique Norvège Nouvelle-Zélande Pays-Bas Portugal Royaume-Uni Suède Suisse Turquie
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  • 73
    ISBN: 9789264273306
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (60 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trade, Investment and Development; Reaping the Full Benefits of Open Markets
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trade, Investment and Development: Reaping the Full Benefits of Open Markets
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development ; Trade
    Abstract: Les économies en développement et en transition s'efforcent d'accélérer leur développement en libéralisant leurs échanges et leurs investissements, et en saisissant les opportunités offertes par l'économie mondiale. A la suite des crises financières récentes, la crainte a cependant été exprimée que certains pays se détournent de la libéralisation des échanges et de l'investissement. En fait, la plupart des pays touchés par la crise continuent de libéraliser échanges et leurs investissements, en quoi ils voient une solution, et non une cause de la crise. Cette étude examine les avantages et les enjeux de la libéralisation des échanges et de l'investissement pour le développement, en s'appuyant sur les expériences menées par des économies de différentes régions du monde. L'expérience montre que l'ouverture des marchés et de l'investissement a été bénéfique lorsqu'elle s'est accompagnée d'un ensemble cohérent de mesures macroéconomiques et structurelles conçues pour stimuler la croissance, d'un renforcement des capacités, d'une politique sociale appropriée, et d'une bonne gestion des affaires publiques. Qui plus est, des pays comme la Corée ou le Mexique, qui ont opposé à la crise économique la libéralisation et les réformes structurelles, en ont tiré des résultats positifs. Un nouveau cycle de négociations commerciales multilatérales est donc d'un intérêt vital pour tous les pays -- développés, en développement ou en transition -- pour préparer l'économie mondiale du XXIe siècle. Pour en savoir plus Echanges, investissement et développement : Pour la cohérence des politiques
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  • 74
    ISBN: 9789264173651
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'industrie des biens et services environnementaux ; Manuel de collecte et d'analyse des données
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'industrie des biens et services environnementaux : Manuel de collecte et d'analyse des données
    RVK:
    Keywords: Environment ; Industry and Services ; Beispielsammlung ; Umwelttechnik ; Klassifikation
    Abstract: Globally, the environmental goods and services industry is growing rapidly in response to environmental pressures and the shift towards business and government strategies that are more sustainable over the long term. However, the industry which supplies the goods and services that enable businesses and nations to meet environmental challenges is poorly identified, measured and understood. This manual, which has been jointly developed by the OECD and Eurostat, aims to provide a firm basis for constructing comparable statistics of the environmental industry. It is based on recent experience in OECD countries in building up a quantitative statistical picture of this crosscutting industry that is not well identified in traditional statistical systems.
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  • 75
    ISBN: 9789264273689
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: La stratégie de l'OCDE pour l'emploi
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Implementing the OECD Jobs Strategy; Assessing Performance and Policy
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Implementing the OECD Jobs Strategy: Assessing Performance and Policy
    Keywords: Employment
    Abstract: L'ampleur et la persistance du chômage demeurent un problème économique et social majeur pour bon nombre de pays de l'OCDE. A l'heure actuelle, quelque 35 millions de personnes sont sans emploi dans l'ensemble de la zone, et nombreux sont ceux qui n'ont même plus le courage de se lancer à la recherche d'un emploi. La précarité de l'emploi et la pauvreté dans laquelle vivent certains travailleurs sont aussi une source de préoccupation croissante dans certains pays. C'est pour apporter une réponse à ces problèmes que la Stratégie de l'OCDE pour l'emploi a été lancée voici cinq ans. Or il s'avère que cette stratégie « marche » ; tous les résultats disponibles à ce jour le montrent : appliquée de façon suivie dans tous les domaines visés, la stratégie de l'OCDE pour l'emploi permet de réduire durablement le chômage et d'accroître le taux d'activité. Les taux de chômage varient fortement et connaissent des évolutions contrastées au sein de l'OCDE. Comment peut-on expliquer ces disparités ? Pourquoi certains pays ont-ils mieux réussi que d'autres à endiguer le chômage ? Pourquoi certains groupes sociaux -- les jeunes, les travailleurs âgés, les travailleurs peu qualifiés -- ont-ils, dans de nombreux pays, tant de mal à trouver et à conserver un emploi qui les satisfasse pleinement ? La progression des emplois temporaires ou à temps partiel est-elle un bien ou un mal ? Cet ouvrage examine ces questions à la lumière de l'expérience acquise par les pays qui appliquent la Stratégie de l'OCDE pour l'emploi. Il acccorde une place particulière aux groupes défavorisés qui sont aux marges du marché du travail et identifie les mesures requises pour mieux les intégrer à l'activité productive.
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  • 76
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264173729
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Política y Promoción de la Inversión Extranjera Directa en América Latina
    RVK:
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Konferenzschrift 1998 ; Lateinamerika ; Direktinvestition
    Abstract: What is the investment policy orientation in Latin America in the light of the present world financial environment? What are the perspectives for developing a multilateral framework for investment rules and what would be the Latin American involvement in this effort? How can appropriate policies and regulatory environment for attracting foreign direct investment in Latin America be created? These were the main issues of the Lima Workshop on "Foreign Direct Investment Policy and Promotion in Latin America" organised in December 1998 by the OECD and the Commission of the European Union in co-operation with the Peruvian Government. This set of texts can constitute a reference work on foreign investment policy for policy makers and experts in the public sector, actors in the private sector and academics both in emerging market economies and in OECD countries.
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  • 77
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264273702
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance; (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance: (Russian version)
    Keywords: Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Depuis une dizaine d’années, le rôle du secteur privé dans le développement économique et la création d’emplois s'est profondément transformé. Les entreprises privées apportent une contribution importante au bien-être des individus, et ce rôle est de plus en plus reconnu à mesure que davantage de pays axent leur politique économique sur le libre jeu des mécanismes du marché. Un bon système de gouvernement d’entreprise est essentiel pour que les entreprises emploient au mieux leurs ressources en capital. Il permet également de s’assurer qu'elles tiennent compte des intérêts d’une multitude de parties prenantes, ainsi que ceux de la communauté au sein de laquelle elles exercent leur activité, et que le conseil d’administration rend compte de ses actes à la société et aux actionnaires. Grâce à un tel système, on peut ainsi s'assurer que les activités des entreprises servent les intérêts de la société dans son ensemble, on entretient la confiance des investisseurs, tant étrangers que nationaux, et on attire des capitaux à long terme. Les Principes de gouvernement d’entreprise de l’OCDE ont été approuvés par les ministres à la réunion du Conseil de l'OCDE au niveau ministériel des 26-27 mai 1999. Ils sont le fruit du mandat donné à l’Organisation par le Conseil de l'OCDE réuni au niveau des ministres en 1998 afin de définir les normes et lignes directrices d’un système de gouvernement d’entreprise de qualité.
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    ISBN: 9789264273917
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Tables Rondes CEMT no.109
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Freight Transport and the City
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Faire de la ville un espace durablement respectueux de l'environnement est l'aspiration de tout homme politique. Mais contrairement aux transports de personnes, dont l'importance est communément admise, la planification et l'organisation des transports de marchandises ne reçoit pas toute l'attention qu'elle mérite. Le rôle économique du transport de marchandises dans la ville n'est pas toujours perçu, alors que la pollution et les encombrements qu'il génère sont invariablement montrés du doigt. On assiste en Europe à une floraison de projets d’aménagement urbain accompagnés de mesures de circulation plus ou moins restrictives limitant le transport de marchandises. Certaines villes adoptent des mesures relevant de la planification urbaine et de la gestion de l'espace, d’autres tentent d'apporter des solutions à court terme aux problèmes de circulation. Mais les villes étant des organismes vivants, dont le bon fonctionnement est susceptible d’être perturbé, comment être sûr que toutes ces dispositions vont dans la bonne direction ? Cette question essentielle mérite réflexion car nous manquons d'expérience dans ce domaine. La Table Ronde a examiné les différents aspects du transport de marchandises en ville en s'appuyant sur un large éventail d’expériences nationales et en analysant certaines des approches les plus novatrices.
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  • 79
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264273870
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environmental Indicators for Agriculture; Concepts and Framework Volume 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environmental Indicators for Agriculture: Concepts and Framework Volume 1
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment
    Abstract: Peu d'informations chiffrées permettent à l'heure actuelle d’évaluer les effets, tant nuisibles que bénéfiques, de l'agriculture sur l'environnement et de mesurer l’impact qu’ont sur l'environnement les différentes mesures prises par les pouvoirs publics. Afin de combler ces lacunes, l'OCDE a engagé un effort de grande ampleur pour élaborer un ensemble d'indicateurs agro-environnementaux pertinents pour les politiques. Ce premier volume des Indicateurs environnementaux pour l'agriculture définit un cadre analytique qui approfondit l'examen des liens entre le secteur agricole et l'environnement, ainsi que l’examen de l'agriculture durable. Il décrit les principaux concepts environnementaux rencontrés dans le secteur agricole qui présentent un intérêt pour les décideurs des pays de l'OCDE, et recense les indicateurs qu'il est nécessaire de mettre au point : utilisation d'éléments fertilisants, de pesticides et des ressources en eau ; conservation des terres ; qualité des sols et de l'eau ; gaz à effet de serre ; biodiversité ; habitats des espèces sauvages ; paysages ; incidence environnementales des pratiques de gestion des exploitations ; ressources financières des exploitations et aspects socio-culturels ruraux. Pour en savoir plus Cet ouvrage initialement publié en 1997 était épuisé. Il fait ici l’objet d’une réimpression dans le cadre de la série d’ouvrages intitulés Indicateurs environnementaux pour l'agriculture : . le Volume 2, Questions clés et conception, rend compte des avancées réalisées lors du « Séminaire de York ». . le Volume 3, Méthodes et résultats, à paraître en 2000, présentera la première série temporelle d’indicateurs environnementaux clés pour les pays de l’OCDE, pour les domaines énumérés. . le Volume 4, à paraître en 2001, rendra compte des travaux consacrés à l’utilisation des indicateurs dans l’analyse des politiques.
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  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Programme on Educational Building
    ISBN: 9789264274082
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Programme pour la construction et l'équipement de l'éducation - Cahiers du PEB
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Strategic Asset Management for Tertiary Institutions
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Les universités et autres établissements d’enseignement tertiaire dépensent des sommes considérables pour assurer la maintenance des bâtiments, des sites et des infrastructures de communication. Cependant, une approche plus stratégique de la gestion des biens en capital est essentielle dans un contexte où l’enseignement tertiaire est toujours davantage ouvert à la concurrence, où les fonds publics sont de plus en plus réduits et où la technologie et la globalisation posent de nouveaux défis. Quelle va être l’incidence des technologies de la communication sur les besoins en termes d’espace ? Quelles mesures les gestionnaires d’institutions peuvent-ils prendre pour gérer les risques inhérents à des changements rapides ? De quelle manière le rôle des gestionnaires d’équipements évolue-t-il et de quels instruments ces derniers auront-ils désormais besoin pour être plus efficaces dans leur travail ? Cet ouvrage apporte des réponses à ces questions et montre comment on peut, dans le cadre de la poursuite des objectifs institutionnels, optimiser l’utilisation des ressources investies dans les équipements. Il s’appuie sur les travaux d’un atelier international où l’on a examiné les tendances récentes des politiques de l’enseignement tertiaire -- à savoir l’ouverture du marché, la valorisation de l’étudiant et de ses choix, l’apprentissage à vie, et la disparition progressive des différences sectorielles.
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264174115
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Qualité et sécurité alimentaires ; Les dimensions commerciales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Qualité et sécurité alimentaires : Les dimensions commerciales
    RVK:
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: Highly publicised outbreaks of food-borne diseases have put food safety at the heart of a topical debate. Demands for increased food safety regulation and stricter enforcement have gained momentum. In fact, consumer concerns go well beyond basic food safety. The quality of food and how it is produced, animal welfare, the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), hormones and other growth promoters, cultural preferences, resource sustainability and protection of the environment have all become major issues in the public debate over regulation of the food industry. The issues are complex and the required policy response remains unclear. With the strengthening of international rules, increased trade in consumer food products and the growing use of biotechnology, trade conflicts over food regulatory issues and their reform could become more common. The economic stakes are high and such disputes are likely to remain a priority in the future trade agenda. This report examines the trade conflicts arising from food safety and quality issues. It summarises the key international agreements, illustrates the range and nature of current disputes, reviews the potential contributions of economic analysis to conflict resolution, and identifies areas requiring further analysis.
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  • 82
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264174450
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Changement climatique ; les politiques nationales et le Protocole de Kyoto
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Changement climatique : les politiques nationales et le Protocole de Kyoto
    RVK:
    Keywords: Environment ; Klimaänderung ; Umweltpolitik
    Abstract: Nearly two years after Kyoto, most OECD countries are looking towards ratification and implementation of their obligations under the Kyoto Protocol. What do historical emissions and policy trends tell us about the way forward? Which policies will be needed to combat climate change? This book provides an overview of recent developments in OECD countries and a framework for policy making in the context of Kyoto targets. There is no single formula for domestic policies to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Every country will need to assess opportunities and constraints to develop a strategy adapted to their own situation. Yet, it is possible to outline some main lines for action in OECD countries at the national level. National strategies should prioritise market, subsidy and fiscal reform policies to establish conditions for competitive markets and remove distortions that harm the environment. And governments should implement a comprehensive mix of mutually reinforcing and integrated policies, using a wide range of economic instruments (green taxes, green tax reform and domestic emission trading) as well as other measures such as product policies, voluntary approaches and public awareness programmes. Unless OECD countries establish more effective frameworks for action now, achieving the Kyoto targets is likely to be costly and difficult.
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264180000
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Échanges et concurrence ; Quelles politiques pour demain ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Échanges et concurrence : Quelles politiques pour demain ?
    RVK:
    Keywords: Governance ; Trade ; Außenwirtschaftspolitik ; Wettbewerbspolitik
    Abstract: The links between trade policy and competition policy have become more important in recent years. With tariff reductions, trade negotiators are looking increasingly at non-border policies that distort trade and at non-governmental barriers to trade. And, as official barriers to trade and investment fall, firms may have a greater incentive to engage in anti-competitive conduct to protect markets. Hence the need for coherent trade and competition policies. Trade and competition policies each seek to improve the allocation of resources; they complement and reinforce each other. These papers from the OECD Joint Group on Trade and competition examine aspects of those complementarities and relationships and in so doing draw on the OECD’s capacity to analyse questions in a multidisciplinary way. This book -- which includes a whole chapter on the telecommunications sector -- throws new light on all these issues in the lead up to the WTO's new round of negotiations. But whatever the outcome of Seattle, the questions raised in this volume will remain relevant.
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264174139
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Konferenzschrift 1999 ; Auslandsinvestition ; Kapitaltransfer ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Abstract: OECD countries believe that foreign direct investment (FDI) will play a critical role in the rise of standards of living among nations well into the 21st century. A crucial aspect will be whether FDI’s contribution to economic development will respond in a balanced and sustainable way to the aspirations and expectations of host and home countries alike. This and other related issues were highlighted at a conference on the Role of Investment in Development, Corporate Responsibilities and OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises. This event provided a unique forum for dialogue between participants from OECD member states and developing countries, academic, business and labour circles and civil society on the development impact of FDI, the effectiveness of national policies and the responsibilities of multinational enterprises. These issues are expected to be taken up again at the forthcoming WTO Ministerial in Seattle.
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264280007
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trade and Competition Policies for Tomorrow
    Keywords: Governance ; Trade
    Abstract: Les liens entre politique des échanges et politique de la concurrence suscitent un intérêt croissant depuis quelques années. En effet, avec la baisse des droits de douane, les négociateurs s’intéressent de plus en plus aux politiques intérieures sources de distorsions dans les échanges, ainsi qu'aux obstacles non gouvernementaux au commerce. En outre, la disparition des barrières officielles aux échanges et à l’investissement peut inciter les entreprises à adopter un comportement anticoncurrentiel pour protéger leurs marchés. D'où la nécessité de développer des politiques cohérentes. Parce qu'elles cherchent les unes comme les autres à améliorer l’allocation des ressources, politiques des échanges et politiques de la concurrence se complètent et se renforcent mutuellement. Les travaux rassemblés dans cet ouvrage sont issus du Groupe conjoint sur les échanges et la concurrence de l’OCDE. Ils examinent les relations et les complémentarités qui existent entre ces politiques à travers une approche multidisciplinaire typique de l’OCDE. Ce livre -- dont un chapitre entier est consacré au secteur des télécommunications -- jette sur toutes ces questions un éclairage inédit avant le nouveau cycle de négociations de l'OMC. Mais quelle que soit l'issue du sommet de Seattle, les problèmes soulevés dans cet ouvrage resteront d'actualité.
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    ISBN: 9789264280045
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Tables Rondes CEMT no.110
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Traffic Congestion in Europe
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Le problème des embouteillages fait souvent la une de l’actualité et y remédier constitue l’une des priorités des hommes politiques. On ne compte plus les études recensant le nombre d’heures perdues dans les « bouchons ». Les chiffres sont si alarmants qu’ils donnent une image apocalyptique des embouteillages. Toutefois, au-delà des problèmes vécus au quotidien par les automobilistes, les avis commencent à diverger quant à l’ampleur du phénomène et les moyens d’y faire face. Cette Table Ronde s’est attachée à donner une définition de la congestion routière et à en mesurer l'ampleur réelle. Elle a ensuite cerné son évolution et ses conséquences. Enfin, elle a évoqué les solutions susceptibles d’être apportées pour y remédier. Dressant un panorama de la situation à l’échelle européenne, elle permet de faire le point sur l’un des aspects les plus visibles du dysfonctionnement des systèmes de transports.
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264174207
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Auslandsinvestition ; Südostasien
    Abstract: The financial crisis in Asia has brought to the fore the question of the appropriate policies for recovery and for future sustainable development. One area of particular importance is the treatment of foreign investors. Foreign direct investment has played a leading role in many of the economies of the region, particularly in export sectors, and has been a vital source of foreign capital during the crisis. The four countries reviewed in this study - Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand - have all tended to welcome inward investment for its contribution to exports but have often been less willing to open up the domestic market to such investors. This study discusses the role assigned to foreign firms in the development strategies of the four countries in the past and looks at how a more balanced approach to the treatment of foreign investors could contribute to a more sustainable development path in the future.
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: Examens des performances environnementales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Russian Federation 1999
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264180123
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (440 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 346.5/086
    RVK:
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This is the first OECD publication dealing with insurance issues in Asia. It provides a unique overview and analysis on insurance regulation and supervision in Asia. Dedicated studies are included on Brunei, Hong Kong China, Indonesia, Laos, Macau, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Chinese Taipei, Thailand and Vietnam.Thanks to the broad range of high-quality information and the importance of issues addressed, this set of texts should constitute a reference work on insurance policy for policy makers and experts in the public sector, actors in the private sector and academics both in OECD Member countries and non-Member economies.
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    ISBN: 9789264180758
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Seminars
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La croissance et la compétitivité dans la nouvelle économie mondiale
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Development ; Konferenzschrift 1996 ; Weltwirtschaft ; Internationalisierung ; Entwicklungsländer
    Abstract: The integration of the newly emerging economies (NEEs) into the global economy not only raises major challenges for OECD Member countries, which must adapt to new sources of competition, it also forces emerging economies to equip themselves with the policies and structures necessary to operate successfully in the global marketplace. That these challenges have still not been adequately taken up has been amply demonstrated by the financial crisis which struck Asian NEEs in mid 1997. Hence the need for more dialogue, on both the domestic and international levels, to reform policies and to avoid policy failures and crises in emerging economies, with ensuing impact on the industrialised countries. This book moves in that direction by dealing with issues as varied and complementary as: the perspectives for an integrating world economy; the financing of economic reform; employment generation and poverty alleviation; or the role of institutions in economic development. These themes are tackled in the light of the experience of Asian newly industrialised countries, namely Korea, China and India. This publication offers a stimulating, well-informed tour of the issues which policy makers will have to resolve if the integration of the NEEs into the world economy is to be facilitated. [This book brings together the presentations made during a conference organised jointly in Seoul by the OECD Development Centre, the Korean Development Institute and the International Center for Economic Growth.]
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement 31
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Development Co-operation Reviews: Finland 1999
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: Development Co-operation Reviews 32
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement : Luxembourg 1999
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264272590
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. A Caring World; The New Social Policy Agenda
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. A Caring World: The New Social Policy Agenda
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Il faut repenser les politiques sociales. Les plus pessimistes estiment que les pouvoirs publics disposent de budgets toujours plus limités pour faire face à des problèmes sans cesse plus complexes et plus nombreux. A l'évidence, des phénomènes remarquables travaillent nos sociétés en profondeur. Le vieillissement démographique accroît les pressions pesant sur les actifs. Les mutations du marché du travail touchent de plein fouet les travailleurs peu qualifiés. « L'exclusion sociale » est entrée dans le vocabulaire politique. Et la structure familiale traditionnelle ne peut plus servir de base aux politiques. Mais on ne devrait pas présenter la politique sociale comme colmatant les brèches d'une société confrontée à des défis à la fois économiques et démographiques. Le savoir jouant un rôle croissant dans la création de richesse, permettre aux individus de développer tout leur potentiel est une dimension clé de la politique économique. Les politiques économiques et sociales sont donc plus étroitement liées que jamais. Cet ouvrage dresse un tableau à la fois complet et accessible de la situation actuelle et met le doigt sur les réformes à entreprendre. La politique sociale devrait ainsi promouvoir l'emploi et une vie saine et non se contenter de guérir les maux -- chômage, problèmes de santé -- après coup. De même, l'investissement consacré aux enfants et aux familles les aide à apporter leur pleine contribution à la société. Dans les pays de l'OCDE, les nouvelles politiques sociales foisonnent en expériences et innovations visant à offrir aux individus et aux familles le soutien dont ils ont besoin pour s'adapter au changement. Les ministres des pays de l'OCDE se sont justement engagés à mener à bien cette tâche ambitieuse : créer un monde solidaire.
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    ISBN: 9789264172562
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Seminars
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La libéralisation financière en Asie ; Analyses et perspectives
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La libéralisation financière en Asie : Analyses et perspectives
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development ; Industry and Services ; Asien ; Kreditmarkt ; Krise
    Abstract: Rapid globalisation has brought substantial benefits to developing Asia, but it has also heightened the risks associated with policy mistakes, weak financial institutions, and problems in corporate and public governance. The 1997 Asian crisis has demonstrated the urgent need to rethink the sequencing and comprehensiveness of financial liberalisation. Would further opening of Asia's financial systems be helpful or counterproductive in fostering financial stability? What structural reforms do emerging economies need to undertake to ensure that capital inflows are transformed into productive investment? Which regulatory and other requirements would have to be attached to further financial liberalisation? And what role should international organisations and the private sector play in crisis resolution?This volume seeks to provide answers to these questions by discussing the roots of the Asian financial crisis and suggesting some constructive approaches to crisis resolution. It was produced jointly by the Asian Development Bank and OECD Development Centre based on their fourth joint annual Forum on Asian Perspectives.
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: Examens des performances environnementales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Denmark 1999
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264172593
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Pour un monde solidaire ; Le nouvel agenda social
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Pour un monde solidaire : Le nouvel agenda social
    DDC: 361.6/1 21
    RVK:
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Sozialpolitik
    Abstract: A new vision of the purpose of social policy is needed. Scaremongers present decision-makers as facing an overwhelming number of complex problems with more and more limited budgets. Society is indeed undergoing profound upheaval. Ageing populations are increasing pressure on the workforce. Changes in the labour market have hit low-skilled workers hard; the term "social exclusion" has entered the political lexicon, and policies can no longer be based on "traditional" family life. But social policy should not be presented as "papering over the cracks" in society caused by economic and demographic change. As knowledge plays an increasing role in generating wealth, empowering individuals to develop their potential is a central and essential part of economic policy. Indeed, economic and social policies are more intertwined than ever. This book paints a complete and accessible picture of the current situation and pinpoints how policies can be reformed. Social policy should aim to promote employment and healthy living, rather than just coping with joblessness and ill-health. Investing in children and families helps ensure that all can contribute fully to society. Innovations and experiments in new social policies to better equip individuals and families with the support they need in responding to change abound in OECD countries. Ministers from OECD countries have committed themselves to the ambitious task of creating just such a caring world.
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: Examen des politiques agricoles
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Review of Agricultural Policies: Korea 1999: National Policies and Agricultural Trade
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: Examens des performances environnementales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Czech Republic 1999
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: Development Co-operation Reviews 31
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement : Finlande 1999
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  • 100
    ISBN: 9789164180315
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (308 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation ; La réforme de la réglementation au Mexique 1999
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation : La réforme de la réglementation au Mexique 1999
    Keywords: Governance ; Mexico
    Abstract: OECD's 1999 review of regulatory reform in Mexico. It finds that regulatory reform has been key to the transformation of the Mexican economy over the past 15 years. Formerly inward-looking and heavily regulated, the Mexican economy today is relatively open and market-based. The rapid pace, broad scope, and depth of regulatory reforms exceed those of most OECD countries. These reforms have already produced major benefits for Mexico, not least by increasing economic flexibility so that Mexico rebounds more quickly from economic crises. But benefits of reforms have been slowed by the macroeconomic crises of the 1990s. Sustained attention is needed now to complete and implement reforms to establish conditions for vigorous market competition and entry, while strengthening the capacity of the Mexican state to use high quality and transparent regulatory instruments in carrying out public policies. A multi-year period of policy stability supportive of market-led growth could produce enduring and broad-based benefits for Mexican consumers and businesses. Mexico was one of the first OECD countries to request a broad review by the OECD of its national regulatory practices and domestic regulatory reforms. This report -- the result of intensive assessment by the OECD and review by its Member countries -- is unique in that it presents an integrated assessment of regulatory reform in framework areas such as the macroeconomic context, the quality of the public sector, competition policy and enforcement, and integration of market openness principles in regulatory processes, and in sectors such as telecommunications. The policy recommendations present a balanced plan of action for both short and longer-term based on best international regulatory practices.
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