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  • English  (152)
  • 2005-2009  (152)
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development  (152)
  • Governance  (112)
  • Social Issues/Migration/Health  (22)
  • Industry and Services  (21)
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  • 1
    ISBN: 9789264059771
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (102 p)
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The report analyses the retirement income systems of 18 Asian countries, including Australia, China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, the Philippines and Vietnam. It says that reform is needed because: coverage of formal pension systems is relatively low; withdrawal of savings before retirement is very common; pension savings are often taken as lump sums and often do not provide people with adequate income over their lifetime; pensions payments are not automatically adjusted to reflect changes in the cost of living. In OECD countries, an average of 70% of the working-age population are eligible for a pension. However in South Asia, just 7.5% of the working-age population are eligible and in East Asia 18%. Furthermore, few countries in Asia/Pacific have social pensions to provide safety-net retirement incomes for people who are not members of formal schemes. Only in India are social pensions significant, with around 10 to 15% of older people covered.
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789264060258
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: DAC Guidelines and Reference Series
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ressources naturelles et croissance pro-pauvres ; Enjeux économiques et politiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ressources naturelles et croissance pro-pauvres : Enjeux économiques et politiques
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Natural resources and pro-poor growth
    RVK:
    Keywords: Natürliche Ressourcen ; Armut ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Entwicklungsländer ; Agriculture and Food ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Entwicklungsländer ; Natürliche Ressourcen ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Wirtschaftswachstum
    Abstract: This publication demonstrates that natural resources can contribute to growth, employment, exports and fiscal revenues in low-income countries, where natural capital constitutes a quarter of total wealth. It highlights the importance of policies encouraging the sustainable management of these resources. Moreover, it emphasises the need to address the political challenges of natural-resource management for long-term pro-poor economic growth. Part I provides an overview of the economics and politics of natural resources. It describes the unique features of natural resources and resulting management challenges, the role of sustainable natural resource management in supporting pro-poor growth, and the politics and governance of natural resources. It then offers recommendations for policy makers on how to support the approaches advocated in the paper. Part II examines these issues with respect to seven specific natural-resource sectors: fisheries, forests, wildlife and ecotourism, soil productivity, water security, minerals and renewable energy.
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9789264055698
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (229 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Competitiveness and Private Sector Development
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sector specific sources of competitiveness in the Western Balkans
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Branche ; Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Südosteuropa ; Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; Südosteuropa ; Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Investitionspolitik
    Abstract: The Western Balkan region benefits from a cost-competitive labour force and geographic and cultural proximity to EU markets. However, cost competitiveness as a source of differentiation is not sustainable. Cost levels are increasing gradually in some sectors, reducing firms’ profitability. In order to sustain competitiveness, the Western Balkans needs to move up the value chain, from investing in automated technology to producing higher-quality goods and enhancing its human capital. This report examines the apparel manufacturing, automotive components and business process and technology outsourcing sectors, focusing on market competitiveness factors, industry key success factors and policy recommendations.
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9789264073036
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La crise financière ; Réforme et stratégies de sortie
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La crise financière : Réforme et stratégies de sortie
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The financial crisis
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationaler Finanzmarkt ; Finanzkrise ; Welt ; Internationale Finanzpolitik ; Internationaler Kreditmarkt ; Finanzkrise ; Bank ; Insolvenz ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Erde ; Finanzkrise
    Abstract: The financial crisis required governments to make massive interventions in their financial systems. This book sets out priorities for reforming incentives in financial markets as well as for phasing out these emergency measures.
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9789264076822
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Public expenditure control has become a central element of economic policy in many countries. This report analyses budget practices and some recent innovations from the point of view of senior public servants in the central budget offices of nineteen OECD Member countries. It also summarises the institutional framework and procedures governing budgeting in each of these countries.
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9789264060203
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Series Statement: Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Australia
    DDC: 331.3/40994
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Australien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia ; Australien ; Jugendlicher Arbeitnehmer ; Arbeitsmarkt
    Abstract: Whatever the level of qualification, first experiences on the labour market have a profound influence on later working life. Getting off to a good start facilitates integration and lays the foundation for a good career, while a failure can be difficult to make up. This report contains - for Australia - a survey of the main barriers to employment for young people, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to improve the transition from school-to-work, as well as a set of policy recommendations for further action.
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9789264060326
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (65 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les Principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The revised OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises were adopted by the governments of the 30 Member countries of the OECD and Argentina, Brazil and Chile on the occasion of the OECD's annual Council meeting at Ministerial level in Paris on 27 June 2000. This booklet comprises the revised text and commentary, implementation procedures and the Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises.
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9789264059726
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (64 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Surmonter les obstacles à la mise en œuvre des stratégies de simplification administrative ; Orientations destinées aux décideurs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Overcoming Barriers to Administrative Simplification Strategies; Guidance for Policy Makers (Arabic version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Surmonter les obstacles à la mise en œuvre des stratégies de simplification administrative : Orientations destinées aux décideurs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Overcoming Barriers to Administrative Simplification Strategies: Guidance for Policy Makers (Arabic version)
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Governments face the challenge of rationalising and minimising administrative burdens imposed by bureaucratic requirements. At the same time, they need to use administrative procedures as a source of information and a tool for implementing public policies. Administrative simplification strategies are designed to streamline procedures, reduce complexity, paperwork and uncertainty. This guide draws on the experience of, and policy dialogue between, member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and Middle East and North African countries (MENA). It reviews common barriers to designing and implementing a strategy for administrative simplification and offers 22 approaches to overcome them, providing a synthesis of good practices among policy makers and practitioners working on cutting red tape.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264059573
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (258 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als China
    Keywords: Ländliche Entwicklung ; Entwicklungsplanung ; China ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: With more than 700 million residents living in rural areas, China is still a predominantly rural country. But despite substantial improvements in standards of living, the Chinese countryside is largely lagging behind. This report analyses the key socio-economic forces at work in China's rural areas and discusses the current government strategy for rural development. It argues that in order to bridge rural-urban divides the current policy approach needs to go further in recognising rural-urban complementarities beyond agriculture and that food-security targets need to be balanced with wider rural development objectives.
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  • 10
    ISBN: 9789264059429
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (322 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation ; Chine 2009 ; Définir la frontière entre le marché et l'État
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation : Chine 2009 : Définir la frontière entre le marché et l'État
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als China
    DDC: 330.951
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regulierung ; China ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Reformpolitik ; Systemtransformation ; Demokratisierung ; Governance ; China ; China ; Regulierung
    Abstract: China has made enormous progress in developing the modern legal and regulatory foundation for the market economy. The private sector is now the main driver of growth, and new laws have gone a long way toward establishing private property rights, competition, and mechanisms for entry and exit comparable to those of many OECD countries. At the same time important challenges remain, including further clarification of the scope of state ownership, reform of relations among central and local governments, firmer establishment of the rule of law, and strengthening of regulatory institutions and processes. This review of China's regulatory system focuses on the overall economic context for regulatory reform, the government’s capacity to manage regulatory reform, competition policy and enforcement, and market openness. The review also examines the regulatory framework in the electricity, water and health care sectors. As for OECD countries, the review follows a multidisciplinary and highly interactive approach. A number of OECD instruments and policies are used in this assessment, although the review also takes into account the specific challenges faced by the Chinese authorities. The review includes a comprehensive set of policy recommendations.
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 107-137
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Corée : Mise à jour du Rapport sur la loi et les institutions en matière de concurrence
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 107-137
    Keywords: Governance ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: This report reviews the achievements of the Korean 3-Year Market Reform Road Map. This assessment is carried out in light of the OECD’s previous recommendations to shift KFTC priorities and resources toward core competition problems related to efficiency goals and away from its historic focus on conglomerate financial structure and governance; the need for further improvements in investigative powers and a clearer rule against hard-core cartels; implementation of recommendations to repeal exemptions for “small” business and exclusions of professional services and co-ordination with sectoral regulators about competition problems; and recent institutional changes to join the KFTC with the system for applying consumer protection law. This report was the basis for a monitoring review in the October 2006 session of the Competition Committee.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 49-105
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 58 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ententes : Poursuites en l'absence de preuves directes
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 49-105
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Circumstantial evidence is employed in cartel cases in all countries. The better practice is to use circumstantial evidence holistically, giving it cumulative effect, rather than on an item-by-item basis. Complicating the use of circumstantial evidence are provisions in national competition laws that variously define the nature of agreements that are subject to the law. There are two general types of circumstantial evidence: communication evidence and economic evidence. Of the two, communication evidence is considered to be the more important. Economic evidence is almost always ambiguous. It could be consistent with either agreement or independent action. Therefore it requires careful analysis. National treatment of cartels, such as whether they are prosecuted as crimes or as administrative violations, can affect the burden of proof that applies to the cases, and hence the use of circumstantial evidence. It can be difficult to convince courts to accept circumstantial evidence in cartel cases, especially where the potential liability for having violated the anti-cartel provisions of the competition law is high. There are circumstances in countries that are relatively new to anti-cartel enforcement that could affect the extent to which they rely on circumstantial evidence in their cases.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 7-47
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 42 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ententes : Sanctions pénales contre les personnes physiques
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 3, p. 7-47
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Corporate sanctions rarely are sufficiently high to be an optimal deterrent against cartels. Sanctions against natural persons can thus complement them. There is no systematic evidence proving the deterrent effects of sanctions on individuals, and/or assessing whether such sanctions can be justified. There is a trend among countries to accept as self-evident that individual sanctions, including imprisonment, can be a useful part of effective anti-cartel enforcement. If a country provides for individual sanctions, a strong argument can be made that relatively short prison sentences are the most cost effective deterrent. However, there are also reasons why countries may provide for longer prison sentences, most importantly that only longer statutory sentences adequately express a society’s condemnation of hard-core cartels. In addition to increasing levels of deterrence, sanctions against individuals can be a powerful incentive for individuals to reveal information about existing cartels and to cooperate in investigations. International law does not recognise the principle of double jeopardy that would prevent authorities in different countries from prosecuting the same person for participation in the same cartel. Nevertheless, where cartels are investigated in a multi-jurisdictional context, jurisdictions may consider arrangements to ensure that only one of them prosecutes an individual.
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9789264044357
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (44 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Promouvoir l'entreprenariat et les PME innovantes dans une économie mondialisée
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Unternehmerische Initiative und innovative KMU in einer globalen Wirtschaft fördern
    Keywords: Industry and Services
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9789264056572
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (93 p.)
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: The OECD has collectively underlined the importance of a high quality regulatory environment since the mid 1990s when the Council adopted the 1995 Recommendation on Improving the Quality of Government Regulation and its checklist as the first international standard on regulatory quality, and the 1997 Report on Regulatory Reform and its Principles of good regulation. Since 1997, the OECD has carried out a series of country reviews based on the Principles, which have documented progress in the reviewed countries. Twenty OECD countries have been reviewed. The reviews have been multidisciplinary, covering the broader economic context, competition policy, market openness, sectoral reforms and not least, the development of regulatory policies, institutions and tools to build up capacities for a high quality rule-making environment supportive of economic growth and specific policy goals. This work has been complemented by the specific research of the OECD secretariat and others on issues such as the link between product market reforms and economic performance. Ample material is now available to take stock of the progress made in OECD countries and to reflect on the continued relevance of the 1997 Principles.This report integrates more detailed papers prepared for the committees and working parties responsible for regulatory management, competition policy and trade, as well as relevant papers prepared for the Economic Policy Committee.
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9789264051423
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (198 p)
    Series Statement: APEC-OECD Co-operative Initiative on Regulatory Reform
    Keywords: Governance
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789264051645
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p)
    Series Statement: APEC-OECD Co-operative Initiative on Regulatory Reform
    Keywords: Governance
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264059559
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (126 p)
    Keywords: Industry and Services ; Denmark
    Abstract: The Danish economy is small, open and dynamic with a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises. Start-up rates in Denmark have increased steadily in recent years and are high in international comparison. The overall importance of high growth firms is increasing but remains below the level of some other countries. This has stimulated the Danish government to put forward ambitious objectives for entrepreneurship in general and high growth start-ups specifically in the Globalisation Strategy in 2006. Accordingly the funds and infrastructure available for the support of young enterprises with high growth potential has increased substantially....
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9789264055964
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (40 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Une aide efficace. Une meilleure santé
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Abstract: This report draws a range of new analyses and case studies carried out in preparation for the Accra High-Level Forum held in September 2008. It it is organized into four parts. Part 1 examines trends in aid for health from a global perspective, focusing both on how increases in aid finance have been used, and on financing modalities and patterns that impact on the implementation of the Paris declaration. Part 2 then draws on a series of country cases studies-including Rwanda, Uganda, Cambodia, Vietnam, Ethiopia, the Kyrgyz Republic, Mali and Tanzania-looking at practical experience from the perspective of the main pillars of the Paris Declaration. Part 3 examines current issues and future directions, highlighting new work on predictable financing, showcasing developments in mutual accountability through country compacts, and innovations in cross-cutting issues such as gender and human rights. Part 4 summarizes the key messages and recommendations following the structure and format of the Accra Agenda for Action.
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9789264049901
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (82 p)
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Sustainable development depends on maintaining long-term economic, social, and environmental capital. In failing to make the best use of their female populations, most countries are underinvesting in the human capital needed to assure sustainabilitly. This market and systems failure is discussed in this publication in terms of gender constraints, which are based on the socially-constructed and historically developed roles of men and women. It also illuminates how female contributions can be better realized at present and how strategies can be developed for meeting the needs of future generations. This report is a contribution by the OECD to the UN Commission on Sustainable Development and its cross-cutting work on gender.
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9789264051652
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (40 p)
    Series Statement: APEC-OECD Co-operative Initiative on Regulatory Reform
    Keywords: Governance
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9789264042001
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (65 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Exámenes inter-pares de la política y del derecho de la competencia en América Latina ; Un seguimiento ; Argentina, Brasil, Chile, México, Perú
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Exámenes inter-pares de la política y del derecho de la competencia en América Latina : Un seguimiento : Argentina, Brasil, Chile, México, Perú
    Keywords: Governance ; Argentina ; Brazil ; Mexico ; Peru
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9789264008977
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (146 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews Portugal; (Portuguese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews Portugal: (Portuguese version)
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Portugal
    Abstract: In order to curb rising unemployment and to upgrade low value-added activities, the competitive edge lost in low-cost labour must be earned back through education and innovation. Regional policy stands as a key tool to achieve this shift in a relatively small yet diverse country with moderate economic growth and limited public spending capacity. This report analyses how a paradigm shift in regional policy, building on the knowledge of both public and private stakeholders in specific regions (ranging from dynamic urban areas on the coast to lagging inland areas), could help Portugal fully exploit its potential for sustainable development.
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  • 24
    ISBN: 9789264051638
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p)
    Series Statement: APEC-OECD Co-operative Initiative on Regulatory Reform
    Keywords: Governance
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9789264051447
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p)
    Series Statement: APEC-OECD Co-operative Initiative on Regulatory Reform
    Keywords: Governance
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9789264100411
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (321 p.)
    Series Statement: ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of the legal and institutional framework for extradition and mutual legal assistance in corruption cases in 27 of the 28 jurisdictions which have endorsed the Anti-Corruption Action Plan for Asia-Pacific of the ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia-Pacific: Australia; Bangladesh; Cambodia; P.R. China; the Cook Islands; the Fiji Islands; Hong Kong, China; India; Indonesia; Japan; Kazakhstan; Korea; the Kyrgyz Republic; Macao, China; Malaysia; Mongolia; Nepal; Pakistan; Palau; Papua New Guinea; Philippines; Samoa; Singapore; Sri Lanka; Thailand; Vanuatu; and Vietnam. This report does not cover Bhutan which became the 28th member of the Initiative in September 2007 after the thematic review began.
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9789264048263
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (210 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Tornar a Vida Mais Fácil para Cidadãos e Empresas em Portugal; Administração electrónica e simplificação
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Tornar a Vida Mais Fácil para Cidadãos e Empresas em Portugal: Administração electrónica e simplificação
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making life easy for citizens and businesses in Portugal
    DDC: 351.09469
    RVK:
    Keywords: E-Government ; Portugal ; Administrative procedure Portugal ; Public administration Information resources management ; Portugal ; Public administration Portugal ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Portugal ; Portugal ; E-Government
    Abstract: Reducing the time for registering a company from weeks and months to under one hour is a concrete result of a unique and ambitious initiative in Portugal to make the public sector more efficient and effective. The Simplex initiative aims at making life easier for citizens and businesses. It focuses on how e-government can be used as a lever for broader administrative simplification, making service delivery more coherent and efficient. This is the first integrated study undertaken by the OECD to analyse administrative simplification and e-government in a national context. By bringing those two areas together in the context of public management reform, this review helps countries identify how these reform activities can best support overall government performance and economic growth.
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9789264040090
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (122 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD framework for the evaluation of SME and entrepreneurship policies and programmes
    RVK:
    Keywords: KMU ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Gewerbepolitik
    Abstract: This Framework provides policy makers with a practical and accessible guide to best practice evaluation methods for SME and entrepreneurship policies and programmes. It uses case studies from a wide range of OECD countries to examine the benefits of evaluation and how best to address common issues that arise when commissioning and undertaking SME and entrepreneurship evaluations. Key evaluation principles are set out, including the ‘Six Steps to Heaven’ approach. These principles are illustrated with examples of evaluations of national, regional and local programmes that can be explored further by the reader. The publication focuses not only on the evaluation of individual policies and programmes, but also on peer review evaluations and assessment of the impact of SMEs and entrepreneurship of mainstream programmes that do not have business development as their principal aim. This book complements other existing guidelines, as it focusses particularly on problem situations and exceptions to the general rules.
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9789264051478
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p)
    Series Statement: APEC-OECD Co-operative Initiative on Regulatory Reform
    Keywords: Governance
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  • 30
    ISBN: 9789264051454
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (171 p)
    Series Statement: APEC-OECD Co-operative Initiative on Regulatory Reform
    Keywords: Governance
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  • 31
    ISBN: 9789264043831
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Istanbul, Turkey
    Keywords: Wirtschaftsförderung ; Megastadt ; Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Istanbul ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Turkey ; Istanbul
    Abstract: Istanbul has established itself as the industrial, financial and logistics centre of the country, producing almost one-third of the national output and absorbing the bulk of foreign direct investment. And, on the international scale, Istanbul ranks among the fastest growing OECD metro-regions. This review finds, however, that Istanbul faces challenges that could hamper its ambition to become a Eurasian hub for finance, logistics, culture and tourism, as well as its development in general. Its economy is changing from one driven by labour-intensive activities to one based on knowledge industries, while traditional and labour-intensive sectors (e.g. textiles and its supply chain) are shifting only gradually and slowly to other complementary industry segments. Constraints on human capital development and the informal sector have hindered productivity levels and increased income disparities. Over-migration is putting a burden on Istanbul’s transport, public infrastructure and housing, and earthquake risk management. The scale and variety of these challenges necessitates improving local public management and implementing a national strategy to reduce regional disparities and to limit migration flows towards the megalopolis.
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9789264051034
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Enhancing the role of SMEs in global value chains
    DDC: 658.503
    RVK:
    Keywords: KMU ; Globalisierung ; Betriebliche Wertschöpfung ; Globalization ; Industrial productivity ; Small business Management ; Industry and Services ; Globalisierung ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Wertschöpfungskette ; Internationaler Wettbewerb
    Abstract: The globalisation of production processes characterises the current phase of globalisation. Participation in global value chains (GVCs) can bring stability to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and allow them to increase productivity and expand their business. This OECD report identifies the ways in which governments, the business community, and international organisations can facilitate SMEs’ gainful participation in global value chains through policies, practices and targeted support programmes. It presents the findings of case studies carried out in five industries (the automotive sector, scientific and precision instruments, software, film production and distribution and tourism).
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264038080
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Norvège 2007
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Norvège 2007
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Norway
    Keywords: Regionales Wachstum ; Regionalpolitik ; Norwegen ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Norway ; Norwegen ; Regionalpolitik
    Abstract: Few other countries feature the combination of very low population densities and difficult topography that hinders communication, in addition to a variety of contrasting climates. But the “Nordic welfare model” strives, with a good degree of success, to offer equal living conditions to all citizens by providing proper access to quality public services across the country. This comes, however, at great cost. This publication asks whether such a model can be sustainable in the long run, when population ageing and the reduction of petroleum reserves will reduce the leeway that the rapidly growing economy offers. It examines whether competitiveness and innovation could be further developed, given the high share of resource-based and traditional activities and whether urban policy could be better integrated into regional policy so as to better harness the energy of regional growth engines in different areas of the country, including the northern most parts. Lastly, it looks at whether impending regional reform could facilitate the necessary adaptations by transferring more power to regional councils.
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9789264029422
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: West African Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mobilités ouest-africaines et politiques migratoires des pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als West African mobility and migration policies of OECD countries
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationale Migration ; Westafrika ; Migrationspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; EU-Staaten ; Africans Migrations ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Africa, West Emigration and immigration ; OECD countries Emigration and immigration ; OECD countries Emigration and immigration ; Government policy ; Westafrika ; Einwanderung
    Abstract: This publication reviews migration policies in the main OECD countries receiving West African migrants and analyses the recent discussions within Europe. This report lists common approaches undertaken in Europe, Africa and West Africa and aims to shed light on decision makers’ strategic thinking. It provides the greater public with an objective understanding of this recent dynamic.
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  • 35
    ISBN: 9789264051461
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p)
    Series Statement: APEC-OECD Co-operative Initiative on Regulatory Reform
    Keywords: Governance
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9789264051973
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (174 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mise en œuvre de la réforme réglementaire ; Convaincre par les résultats ; Actes de la réunion du Groupe sur la politique de la réglementation OCDE, Paris, décembre 2007
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mise en œuvre de la réforme réglementaire : Convaincre par les résultats : Actes de la réunion du Groupe sur la politique de la réglementation OCDE, Paris, décembre 2007
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This report discusses some of the major challenges for implementing regulatory reform, from a political perspective. It draws on the experience and evidence from OECD countries when building the case through results and developing strategies for advocacy. This reflects the discussions held at the meeting of the OECD Group on Regulatory Policy in December 2007. Core issues concern how to create common consensus to support reform and which actors and stakeholders to integrate in achieving reforms. The issues of sequencing and timing are extremely relevant. Citizens and the public also need to understand the economic benefits of liberalisation and cutting red tape through regulatory reform.Specific chapters analyse the role of advocacy bodies for regulatory reform, as well as competition policy, discussing their incentives and how they operate in their cultural, political and administrative environment. They should perform as powerful drivers and engines for reform, integrating the views of business and citizens in the policy process. An example is presented in the form of a case study assessing the political viability of centralised regulatory oversight as an institutional strategy based on the United States’ experience. Concerning competition policy advocacy, the report examines the balance between institutional independence and objectivity that are necessary for enforcement. Finally, the report also discusses how to interlink market-openness policies in a friendly reform environment, drawing lessons from trade and structural adjustments. It underlines the role of international negotiations as a means to harness political support, and strategies for managing and sustaining market-opening reforms.
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  • 37
    ISBN: 9789264027862
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manuel de l'OCDE-CAD sur la réforme des systèmes de sécurité ; Soutenir la sécurité et la justice
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manual del CAD/OCDE Sobre la Reforma del Sistema de Seguridad (RSS) ; Apoyo a la Seguridad y a la Justicia
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manuel de l'OCDE-CAD sur la réforme des systèmes de sécurité : Soutenir la sécurité et la justice
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manual del CAD/OCDE Sobre la Reforma del Sistema de Seguridad (RSS) : Apoyo a la Seguridad y a la Justicia
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD. Development Assistance Committee The OECD DAC handbook on security system reform (SSR)
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Governance ; Development ; Konferenzschrift ; Innere Sicherheit ; Zivilschutz ; Friedenssicherung
    Abstract: The OECD DAC Handbook on Security System Reform: Supporting Security and Justice provides guidance to operationalise the 2005 DAC Guidelines, Security System Reform and Governance, and closes the gap between policy and practice. It largely follows the external assistance programme cycle and contains valuable tools to help encourage a dialogue on security and justice issues and to support a security system reform (SSR) process through the assessment, design and implementation phases. It also provides new guidance on monitoring, review and evaluation of SSR programmes, and highlights how to ensure greater coherence across the different actors and departments engaged in SSR.
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9789264056381
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (12 p)
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: The goal of regulatory reform is to improve national economies and enhance their ability to adapt to change. Better regulation and structural reforms are necessary complements to sound fiscal and macroeconomic policies. Continual and far-reaching social, economic and technological changes require governments to consider the cumulative and inter-related impacts of regulatory regimes, to ensure that their regulatory structures and processes are relevant and robust, transparent, accountable and forward-looking. Regulatory reform is not a one-off effort but a dynamic, long-term, multi-disciplinary process...
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  • 39
    ISBN: 9789264051416
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (112 p)
    Series Statement: APEC-OECD Co-operative Initiative on Regulatory Reform
    Keywords: Governance
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9789264045811
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Serbia
    Abstract: To catch up with more advanced economies, Serbia urgently needs to improve the functioning of its labour market. This report reviews labour market trends and the principle challenges to labour market policy, making a series of recommendations. Despite many reforms, new business growth until now has been far too slow to compensate for job losses elsewhere. Recent reforms of labour law should be followed up by further efforts to improve the climate for business and productive work. Labour regulations must be flexible, but they should also be enforced more consistently. For all this to happen, it is essential that an effective social dialogue can take place and that it encompasses expanding and declining segments of the labour market.
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9789264041882
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (102 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Europäische Kommission. Statistisches Amt EUROSTAT - OECD manual on business demography statistics
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    Keywords: Unternehmenserfolg ; Unternehmensgründung ; Lebenszyklus ; Statistische Methode ; Anpassung ; EU-Staaten ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Indikator ; Unternehmensentwicklung
    Abstract: This joint Eurostat and OECD publication provides a detailed description of the sources and methods used by OECD countries to compile the business demography indicators, such as birth death and survival rates of businesses, published by OECD in Structural and Demographic Business Statistics (SDBS). Furthermore, these measures are key components of the Entrepreneurship Indicators Programme developed jointly by the OECD and Eurostat. It is the first manual of its kind that provides for an internationally comparable framework for these increasingly important measures and also provides recommendations for the measurement of indicators not hitherto covered in the SDBS publication, such as indicators of high-growth enterprises and young high-growth enterprises (gazelles).
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  • 42
    ISBN: 9789264038585
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Luxembourg 2007
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Luxembourg 2007
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Luxembourg
    Keywords: Räumliche Verteilung ; Regionalpolitik ; Luxemburg ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Luxembourg ; Luxemburg ; Regionalpolitik ; Regionale Disparität
    Abstract: In the short span of just a few decades, Luxembourg has moved from a steel-based economy to one more broadly based on financial services. But being nestled between three other countries, each with their own infrastructure and development issues presents challenges. This review examines the economic trends and disparities within the region, including under-exploited assets. It makes recommendations regarding planning, the urban-rural balance, housing and land policy, transport, and R&D and education.
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264047693
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Open innovation in global networks
    DDC: 338.064
    RVK:
    Keywords: Innovationsmanagement ; Globalisierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Industrial management ; Technological innovations Economic aspects ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Globalisierung ; Innovationsmanagement ; Corporate Network ; Innovation
    Abstract: To match the global demand and supply of innovation, businesses increasingly internationalise their innovation activities while opening their innovation process by collaborating with external partners (e.g., suppliers, customers, universities). This book examines what drives these global innovation networks across different industries, how they are related to companies' overall strategies, whether they are accessible for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and what the consequences are.
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789264050013
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (77 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Construire un cadre institutionnel pour l'analyse d'impact de la réglementation (AIR) ; Orientations destinées aux décideurs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Construire un cadre institutionnel pour l'analyse d'impact de la réglementation (AIR) : Orientations destinées aux décideurs
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) is a fundamental tool to help governments to assess the impacts of regulation. RIA is used to examine and measure the likely benefits, costs and effects of new or existing regulation. The implementation of RIA supports the process of policy-making by contributing valuable empirical data to policy decisions, and through the construction of a rational decision framework to examine the implications of potential regulatory policy options. This is an important factor in responding to the impact on modern economies of open international markets and budgetary constraints, and the consequences of competing policy demands. A key feature of RIA is its consideration of the potential economic impacts of regulatory proposals...
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 8, no. 1, p. 1-31
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 38 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 8, no. 1, p. 1-31
    Keywords: Governance ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Switzerland’s public accounting system has been completely overhauled. The New Accounting Model for the Confederation was used for the first time to prepare the 2007 budget and the 2008-10 financial plan. This article examines the fundamental new directions of financial management in Switzerland.
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  • 46
    ISBN: 9789264065406
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (89 p)
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: Korea faces an extraordinary ageing challenge. Korea will age much faster than other OECD countries: in 2000, about 7% of Korea’s population were over 65; in 2050, senior citizens will constitute about 37% of Korea’s population. Population ageing will unfold at high speed, firstly because of the dramatic increase in life expectancy from just over 52 years in 1960 to over 77 years in 2004. a major cause of this was the spectacular decrease in infant mortality rates from 45 infants per 1000 live births in 1970 to 5.3 in 2002. The second cause of population ageing is the sharp decline in birth rates from close to 3 children per woman in 1975 to less than 1.2 in 2004. Reduced child mortality rates and increased life expectancy are indicators of the success of the Korean economy and society. However, the decline in fertility rates in Korea is evidence of strains in society which will damage prosperity in the future. Population ageing on this scale will inevitably lead to a huge increase in spending on old-age income support and health care, and will also require the development of a public family policy which supports the reconciliation of work and care commitments of workers. To successfully meet the ageing challenge, the OECD believes that three policy objectives must be targeted. First, the decline in the working-age population needs to be slowed. Second, working opportunities need to be extended. Third, affordable and sustainable pension and health care policies must be implemented. This volume looks at existing Korean family, health and pension policies from an international perspective, considers them in view of the emerging policy challenges, and outlines some of the policy options that are available to policy makers in Korea.
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  • 47
    ISBN: 9789264041349
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (90 p)
    Series Statement: ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Over the last decade, societies have come to realize the extent to which corruption and bribery have undermined their welfare and stability. Governments, the private sector, and civil society alike have consequently declared the fight against corruption to be of the highest priority.
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  • 48
    Language: English
    Pages: 49 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Sigma Papers no.39
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This publication is based on a Sigma paper and on reports by EU Member States prepared in 2005 at the request of several new Member States. The original paper and some Member State reports were then used as background documentation for a Sigma workshop for countries in the CARDS region on the role of ministries in policy systems, held in November 2005. This revised version of the paper, prepared after the workshop, includes as an annex a summary of insights from EU Member States as well as comparative information concerning the CARDS region, which was gathered during the workshop on the basis of a questionnaire. This publication presents the steps in the policy process and offers a framework for assessing and developing the role of ministries in the policy process, as well as insights on how the policy process is currently organised in Western Balkan countries. Its contents complement the information provided in a previous Sigma paper, which had emphasised the structure and work of the government secretariat.
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  • 49
    ISBN: 9789264031609
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Implementing the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mise en œuvre de la Convention anti-corruption de l'OCDE ; Rapport sur l'Italie 2007
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mise en œuvre de la Convention anti-corruption de l'OCDE : Rapport sur l'Italie 2007
    Keywords: Governance ; Italy
    Abstract: This report describes what Italy is doing to implement the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention.
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  • 50
    Language: English
    Pages: 87 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Sigma Papers no.40
    Keywords: Governance ; European Union
    Abstract: This study provides an analysis of the functions, structures and capacity of the central public procurement bodies of Member States. Twenty-two separate overviews of public procurement systems in the 22 participating Member States were produced on the basis of national responses to a detailed questionnaire. An in-depth review of these country system overviews provided the comparative analysis portion of this study, which discusses from different angles the various models in place in Member States.
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  • 51
    ISBN: 9789264065673
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (169 p)
    Keywords: Industry and Services ; Spain
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  • 52
    ISBN: 9789264009103
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (166 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation ; Suède 2007 ; Créer les conditions d'une croissance soutenue
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation : Suède 2007 : Créer les conditions d'une croissance soutenue
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sweden
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Schweden ; Governance ; Sweden
    Abstract: This review analyses the Swedish institutional framework for better regulation. In recent years Sweden has made a remarkable recovery, benefiting from deregulation efforts undertaken in the early to mid 1990s. Sweden places a strong emphasis on high standards of social welfare and a strong governance framework, which foster consensus. To preserve its ambitious social and environmental goals, Sweden needs to maintain its strong economic performance. A number of challenges should be addressed, such as the labour market, the performance of the public sector and the strengthening of competition. Entrepreneurship also should be stimulated, and further efforts have to be made to reduce administrative burdens. To create momentum for reform, Sweden needs to promote a strategic vision, improve the process for impact assessment, and strengthen co-ordination between national and local levels of government. The benefits of reform need to be more widely understood by all stakeholders and citizens. Regulatory reform will help Sweden take advantage of globalisation and technological innovation, and meet the demands of citizens for high-quality public services. Sweden is one of many OECD countries to request a broad review by the OECD of its regulatory practices and reforms. This review presents an overall picture, set within a macroeconomic context, of regulatory achievements and challenges including regulatory quality, competition policy, and market openness. Its special focus is on regulatory governance across levels of government as well as environmental policy. In the same series: Canada Czech Republic Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Poland Russia Spain Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States
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  • 53
    Language: English
    Pages: 122 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Sigma Papers no.42
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: The European Commission requested Sigma to carry out a study on the regulatory management capacities of the ten countries that joined the EU on 1 May 2004 to learn more about their Better Regulation practices, exchange good practices and make suggestions for further improvements. This study was carried out by way of peer reviews taking place between March 2005 and October 2006. The topics examined were notably: the origins of EU Better Regulation policy, regulatory management processes, the tools used in these processes (impact assessment, consultation, simplification, alternatives and accessibility), enactment processes and the enforcement and compliance of laws in the NMS, with reference to intellectual property law and environmental laws. Each peer reviews led to a country report that was sent to the Commission and the Member State in question. Publication of each country report was left to the discretion of the Member State in question. A synthesis was drawn up summarizing all findings and making recommendations addressed to all new Member States in general.
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  • 54
    Language: English
    Pages: 72 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Sigma Papers no.43
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: The main purpose of the paper is to provide orientations based on a comparative approach to policy makers on drafting legislation on the organisation and functioning of the state administration. It is therefore written in a practice oriented way, although it nevertheless attempts to draw some generalisation.
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  • 55
    Language: English
    Pages: 51 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Sigma Papers no.37
    Keywords: Governance ; European Union
    Abstract: This paper analyses the negotiations which will take place with the six Western Balkan countries (Albania, Bosnia & Herzogovina, Croatia, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia) and attempts to identify where the major problems are likely to lie. The experience of the fifth enlargement of the European Union to the 12 countries of Central and Eastern Europe is used extensively in this analysis for two reasons: firstly, because the offer made to these countries is likely to be the starting point for the offer to be made to the countries of the Western Balkans; secondly, because the problems which occurred in the negotiations for the fifth enlargement are likely to be the main areas of negotiation with the six countries.
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  • 56
    ISBN: 9789264031661
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Implementing the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mise en œuvre de la Convention anti-corruption de l'OCDE ; Rapport sur le Royaume-Uni 2007
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mise en œuvre de la Convention anti-corruption de l'OCDE : Rapport sur le Royaume-Uni 2007
    Keywords: Governance ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: This report describes what the United Kingdom is doing to implement the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention.
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  • 57
    ISBN: 9789264041370
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (167 p)
    Series Statement: ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This book captures the legal and practical challenges of mutual legal assistance and extradition, as well as solutions for improvement, discussed during a March 2006 training seminar in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Experts from 26 Asia-Pacific countries and countries party to the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention attended this ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific seminar on “Enhancing Asia-Pacific Cooperation on Mutual Legal Assistance, Extradition, and the Recovery and Return of the Proceeds of Corruption”.
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9789264028456
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD e-Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD e-Government Studies; Turkey (Turkish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD e-Government Studies: Turkey (Turkish version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Turkey
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    Keywords: E-Government ; Türkei ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Turkey
    Abstract: Turkey’s e-government efforts received new emphasis in the last three years. The election of a new government brought forward an agenda including public sector modernisation using e-government. Turkey has since made considerable progress with e-government. This review identifies several strategic opportunities. One opportunity is to stimulate the provision of e-services and e-commerce by increasing access to high-speed Internet throughout the country. A second opportunity is to skip the initial stages of e-government applications -- characterised by isolated islands of development -- and instead promote a more “joined up” government. A third opportunity is to use the existing base of 46 million mobile telephones as a communication channel between the government and its citizens. The review also identifies several major challenges. One challenge is bridging the digital divide between urban and rural populations, men and women, and young and old. A second challenge is public sector modernisation in terms of increased transparency and accountability. A third challenge is making sure that investments in e-government are valuable, i.e. that benefits are larger than costs.
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9789264034259
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (126 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Comment rester compétitif dans l'économie mondiale ; Progresser dans la chaîne de valeur
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Comment rester compétitif dans l'économie mondiale : Progresser dans la chaîne de valeur
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Staying competitive in the global economy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Globalisierung ; Competition, International ; International economic relations ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; Competition ; Globalisierung ; International economic relations ; Globalisierung ; Weltwirtschaft ; Internationaler Wettbewerb
    Abstract: Global value chains are radically altering how goods and services are produced--parts made in one country, for instance, are increasingly assembled in another and sold in a third. The globalisation of production has changed the industrial structure within OECD countries, and in some sectors blunted their competitiveness. Another major consequence has been fears of job losses, due to outsourcing and offshoring—not only in manufacturing but also in services. The rapid integration of China and India, with their large pool of educated people, further reinforces these concerns. How should OECD countries respond? This report brings together OECD data on the globalisation of value chains, including the rise of outsourcing/offshoring. It first examines how OECD countries are affected by the globalisation of production, on both the macroeconomic and sector-specific levels. The costs and benefits of globalisation are then discussed, with an emphasis on employment and productivity. Finally, this report analyses how globalisation impacts the competitiveness of OECD countries, highlighting the need for an effective innovation strategy. The report discusses not only the moving up the value chain that takes place in OECD countries but also in China, as R&D is increasingly going to emerging countries.
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  • 60
    ISBN: 9789264038486
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (259 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Madrid, Spain
    Keywords: Wirtschaftsförderung ; Madrid ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Spain
    Abstract: Madrid has experienced impressive dynamic economic growth in recent years, making the best of the positive business cycle in Spain. The capital region absorbs more than a half of the total FDI in Spain and has extended its economic relations with Latin American countries. Growth has occurred largely in the service sector (financial, banking, business services) as well as in logistics (Madrid Barajas Airport is the largest employer in the region). The large investment in public goods, and particularly in transportation infrastructure and cultural amenities, has contributed to attracting firms and workers, creating a virtuous cycle of accumulated wealth. Unemployment has reached a low level (6.5% in 2006) and the growth rate has surpassed the national average as well as the average for OECD metro-regions. There is, however, a concern with how to sustain this positive economic path in the long run. The main challenges to be addressed include a relatively low productivity level, insufficient specialisation in high-value added manufacturing activities, a low innovation capacity, job-skills mismatches (especially for immigrants), transport congestion and housing rental shortage. Public policy making and the governance framework have evolved to provide the metro-region with many of the institutional resources that are needed to make decisions and effectively implement public policies. However, some adaptations will be necessary to effectively address the forthcoming challenges. The Territorial Review of Madrid is integrated into a series of thematic reviews on metropolitan regions undertaken by the OECD Territorial Development Policy Committee. The overall aim of these case studies is to draw and disseminate horizontal policy recommendations for national governments.
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  • 61
    ISBN: 9789264034600
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (12 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Lignes directrices de l'OCDE sur la capitalisation et la sécurité des prestations dans les plans de pension professionnels
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
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  • 62
    ISBN: 9789264041394
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (85 p)
    Series Statement: ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Prosecution of corruption is a particularly difficult endeavor and successes in this field still too rare. The detection rate is often low due to the lack of verifiable information that is received from public servants or other citizens. Particular difficulties arise when an investigation involves prominent politicians and wealthy businessmen, or when dealing with international bribery cases that require the assistance from foreign jurisdictions in order to collect evidence. Shortcomings that are at the root of these problems can be found at legislative level; in addition, many law enforcement agencies are technically not apt to deal with complex crimes such as corruption in an appropriate manner. Considering the need for capacity building that countries of the Asian and Pacific region have expressed for capacity building in this reform area of the Action Plan, the ADB/OECD Initiative organized a master training seminar on Effective Prosecution of Corruption. This document assembles the seminar’s background papers and case studies, and the experts’ and participants’ views on the key topics that formed the basis for discussion at the seminar. As such, the publication aims to make the expertise exchanged and acquired during the seminar accessible to a broader public and thus to contribute to the overall aim of combating corruption in the new millennium.
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  • 63
    ISBN: 9789264037106
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (222 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Estudios territoriales de la OCDE; Yucatán, México 2007
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Estudios territoriales de la OCDE: Yucatán, México 2007
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Yucatán, Mexico
    DDC: 006.7
    Keywords: Entwicklung ; Regionalpolitik ; Yucatán ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Mexico
    Abstract: The Mexican state of Yucatán, with its strategically important location near the United States, Central America and the Caribbean, is one of the most dynamic regions in the OECD. Yucatán is also a land of contrasts. It is a lagging but growing region, offering a high quality of life and vast natural resources, yet suffering from problems of sustainability. Its tourism attractions are located in rural areas that do not benefit from them. It has both state and Peninsula medical services, but its health services coverage is uneven. Yucatan is a centre for higher education in the Peninsula, yet its graduates do not find jobs. It has a number of marginalised communities in fragmented administrative bodies, and although the Peninsular states share a common cultural heritage and attractiveness, their institutions do not co-operate.Clearly, Yucatán is not taking full advantage of its many resources, and in fact, challenges in the region threaten to undermine local assets. Among these is the need to upgrade activities to higher value-added innovation and design processes, and to foster primary activities to reach international markets. While the state government has proposed programmes to spur formalisation of the informal economy, measures such as better regulation, cutting red tape and providing employment opportunities and access to formal credit could have a greater impact. The lack of a shared, coherent long-term vision is a fundamental challenge to improving regional competitiveness and social cohesion in Yucatán. The OECD’s recommendations can only be part of a larger strategy to develop a collective vision of the state’s future.
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  • 64
    ISBN: 9789264041387
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (134 p)
    Series Statement: ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: The Indian Ocean tsunami that hit South and Southeast Asia in December 2004 was one of the worst natural calamities of recent times, the scale of the devastation to coastal communities across the region almost incomprehensible. As befits a disaster of such magnitude, the humanitarian response was massive. In the course of the relief operations, however, Asian governments and donors increasingly expressed the need for measures to prevent corruption amid widespread concern that significant amounts of tsunami aid may be being diverted to unscrupulous hands. In response to growing concerns about corruption, the ADB-OECD Anti- Corruption Initiative for Asia-Pacific and Transparency International organized an experts meeting on corruption prevention in tsunami relief operations hosted by the Government of Indonesia. The meeting, which brought together the six worst-affected countries—India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Maldives, Sri Lanka and Thailand—aimed to identify concrete priority measures to be taken by each stakeholder, including governments, donor agencies, civil society and private sector organizations involved in aid delivery and reconstruction work, to prevent and curb corruption in service delivery and procurement related to tsunami relief. This publication synthesizes the meeting’s most important deliberations and conclusions, providing a useful resource for the wide range of individuals and organizations working to ensure equitable tsunami assistance. It assembles the issue papers and the conclusions and framework for action developed as a result of discussions and presentations by experts.
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  • 65
    ISBN: 9789264041356
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (262 p)
    Series Statement: ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Under which it proliferates. They know first hand that corruption jeopardizes security and economic growth, perpetuates poverty, and exacerbates social inequities. The knowledge has prompted the governments of more than half the world's population to commit to working together to fight corruption under the umbrella of the Asian Development Bank (ADB)/Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific. Civil society and the business community have joined them in this commitment, and together, the 25 member countries of the ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific are taking action against corruption in Asia and the Pacific.
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  • 66
    ISBN: 9789264024786
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (319 p.)
    Series Statement: DAC Guidelines and Reference Series
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vers une croissance pro-pauvres ; Orientations à l'intention des donneurs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vers une croissance pro-pauvres : Orientations à l'intention des donneurs
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Promoting pro-poor growth
    RVK:
    Keywords: Armut ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungspolitik ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Privatwirtschaft ; Landwirtschaft ; Infrastruktur ; Entwicklungsländer ; Agriculture and Food ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Entwicklungsländer ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungspolitik ; Wirtschaftswachstum
    Abstract: For aid donors, the pro-poor growth agenda is not business as usual and more of the same will not be sufficient. Focusing on pro-poor growth and income poverty, Promoting Pro-Poor Growth: Policy Guidance for Donors identifies binding constraints and offers policies and strategies to address them. Policy recommendations aim to help change donor behaviour and pave the way for more effective development co-operation in these areas. This compendium pays special attention to the role of private sector development, agriculture and infrastructure in pro-poor growth – areas that were neglected by many donors during the 1990s but are currently receiving renewed attention in the international development agenda. It also presents a methodology for conducting ex-ante poverty impact assessment, a valuable tool for those whose aim is to maximise the poverty reducing impacts of development interventions.
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9789264041332
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (81 p)
    Series Statement: ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Corruption in public procurement has become a major issue in the Asia-Pacific region as elsewhere in the world. As a result of corruption, private mansions are being built instead of bridges; swimming pools are dug instead of irrigation systems; funds destined to run hospitals and buy medicines find their way into the pockets of corrupt officials; economic growth is held back; and public trust in government is undermined.Governments in Asia and the Pacific have recognized the urgent need to fight corruption in public procurement. To identify risk-areas in their public procurement frameworks and to foster reform in this field, member governments of the ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific have reviewed the mechanisms and safeguards in place.
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  • 68
    ISBN: 9789264031623
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Implementing the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mise en œuvre de la Convention anti-corruption de l'OCDE ; Rapport sur le Japon 2007
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mise en œuvre de la Convention anti-corruption de l'OCDE : Rapport sur le Japon 2007
    Keywords: Governance ; Japan
    Abstract: This report describes what Japan is doing to implement the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention.
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  • 69
    Language: English
    Pages: 71 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Sigma Papers no.38
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: While defining appropriate roles for political advisers is a highly relevant topic in most democracies and especially in EU NMS, as well as candidate and CARDS countries today, surprisingly little comparative information exists. To fill this gap, in Autumn 2005, the Sigma Programme launched a questionnaire-based study to collect country experience, as well as a series of seminars on the topic. The first part of this publication provides an overview on the role of political advisers and their relationship with civil servants in OECD countries. In a second part, detailed country chapters on political advisers in Denmark, Poland, Portugal, Spain, as well as Great Britain are presented.
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  • 70
    ISBN: 9789264037274
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Trade ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Analysis carried out in this report indicates that international trade in counterfeit and pirated products could have been up to USD 200 billion in 2005. This total does not include domestically produced and consumed counterfeit and pirated products and the significant volume of pirated digital products being distributed via the Internet. If these items were added, the total magnitude of counterfeiting and piracy worldwide could well be several hundred billion dollars more. Counterfeiting and piracy are illicit businesses in which criminal networks thrive. The report shows that the items that they and other counterfeiters and pirates produce and distribute are often substandard and can even be dangerous, posing health and safety risks that range from mild to life-threatening. Economy-wide, counterfeiting and piracy undermine innovation, which is key to economic growth. The magnitude and effects of counterfeiting and piracy are of such significance that they compel strong and sustained action from governments, business and consumers. More effective enforcement is critical in this regard, as is the need to build public support to combat the counterfeiting and piracy. Increased co-operation between governments, and with industry, would be beneficial, as would better data collection.
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 193 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on Public Governance no.1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mieux mesurer l'administration publique
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This Working Paper compiles a set of recent comparable OECD data on revenues, inputs, and public sector processes and proposes a way forward in data collection. It is the first of three annual Working Papers as the Public Governance and Territorial Development (GOV) Directorate of the OECD builds up to the first publication of a major biennial publication, “Government at a Glance”, in late 2009. It is accompanied by a volume entitled “Measuring Government Activities” (OECD, forthcoming) that sets out the proposed approach and that poses technical alternatives for expert review and comment. The first part of this volume provides a comprehensive exposition of the proposed data classification and analysis.
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  • 72
    ISBN: 9789264013933
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD-Prüfbericht zur Politik für ländliche Räume; Deutschland
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD-Prüfbericht zur Politik für ländliche Räume: Deutschland
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Germany
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Ländlicher Raum ; Entwicklungsplanung ; Agriculture and Food ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Germany
    Abstract: This review discusses the challenges and opportunities of German rural areas. Significant differences between East and West persist and many of these have clear rural dimensions. Factors such as CAP reforms, ageing of the German population and migration trends will also have important rural implications. Many of these issues involve more than rural policy, but rural policy has a place in resolving all of the key issues. However, for rural policy to be an effective part of the policy process it will have to evolve beyond the existing limits in Germany. This review states that Germany's current approach to rural development and rural policy is mainly sectoral and thus does not fully capture the diversity of rural regions.
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  • 73
    ISBN: 9789264037496
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Cutting Red Tape
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Administrative simplification in the Netherlands
    DDC: 352.387
    RVK:
    Keywords: Verwaltungsreform ; Niederlande ; Administrative procedure Netherlands ; Government paperwork Netherlands ; Governance ; Netherlands ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Niederlande ; Verwaltungsvereinfachung
    Abstract: Cutting red tape and improving business conditions have become a priority in OECD countries. This study of the Netherlands, one of the front runners in the field, is the first OECD review of a national programme for administrative simplification. The report describes the key features of the Dutch programme including the measurement of burdens, the use of incentives and targets, and whole-of-government co-ordination. The OECD assessment of the success of the Dutch programme is based on comparisons with other countries, and on evidence of the economic impact of reforms. The report explores options for future work on administrative simplification relevant to OECD countries, highlighting the need to communicate better with stakeholders, cover compliance costs for business more broadly, and look at burdens on citizens and administrations.
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  • 74
    ISBN: 9789264007932
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (242 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Randstad Holland, Netherlands
    Keywords: Ballungsraum ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Infrastrukturpolitik ; Governance-Ansatz ; Randstad Holland ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Netherlands
    Abstract: The Randstad is a poly-centric urban area in western Netherlands, comprising Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, Utrecht and several smaller cities. It is one of the most densely populated areas in the OECD, and has developed into an advanced urban economy with many leading sectors, such as logistics, horticulture and financial services. The Randstad has one of the lowest unemployment rates in all OECD countries, and it is one of the most attractive metropolitan areas for FDIs. However, even though the Randstad had high growth rates over the 1990s, it performed less well in the 2000s. In particular, the Randstad has witnessed relatively low labour productivity growth over the last decade - much lower than cities such as Munich or Stockholm for instance. This Review aims to provide a detailed diagnosis and solutions for improving the competitiveness of the Randstad. The Randstad does not seem to exploit well the proximity of its four large cities, and therefore it does not represent an integrated functional urban system. Key recommendations are: improve internal accessibility within the area; facilitate knowledge transfers to the private sector; increase flexibility in housing and labour market; and strengthen the coordination of the economic specialities of its cities, such as higher education and tourism. Changing the governance framework is a key condition of success: individual city-regions within the Randstad should be granted more responsibilities, and a Randstad agenda should be created, prioritising improvement of regional public transport. This Territorial Review of the Randstad is integrated into a series of thematic reviews of metropolitan regions undertaken by the OECD Territorial Development Policy Committee. The overall aim of these case studies is to draw and disseminate horizontal policy recommendations for national governments.
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  • 75
    ISBN: 9789264027077
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (118 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Risk Management Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sweden
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ältere Menschen ; Schweden ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden ; Schweden ; Alter
    Abstract: As the share of the population aged 65 and over grows rapidly in the next decades across most of the OECD, the number of fall-related injuries could rise dramatically, and with it, the strains on hospitals, medical services, social services and public budgets. This OECD review of risk management policies focuses on Sweden because, with the ageing of its society already at a quite advanced stage, it exemplifies many of the current and future problems that OECD countries face in addressing fall-related injuries and fatalities among the elderly. The report looks at Sweden's policies in the area of older people's safety and well-being, seeking out and identifying good practices and areas where improvements could be made. It offers lessons that other countries can also draw from. While the report underscores the importance of the management of fall accidents, it also emphasizes the more general point that multidisciplinary and forward-looking approaches to safety and risk are essential for any policy concerning older people.
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  • 76
    ISBN: 9789264041363
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (216 p)
    Series Statement: ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: The harmful effects of corruption on social welfare, political stability and economic development are well known. Combating corruption has gained high priority throughout the world. In Asia and the Pacific, 23 countries have in the framework of the ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific endorsed an Anti-Corruption Action Plan that guides reform efforts in their respective countries. While significant progress has been achieved under this regional instrument, the battle against corruption is far from being won. To address this challenge and build capacity in a number of particularly crucial areas, the ADB/OECD Initiative's fourth regional anti-corruption conference has brought together more than 150 senior representatives of governments, the private sector, non-governmental organizations and the international development partner community in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, in December 2003. The present publication offers an insight into the most recent national anti-corruption strategies of Asian and Pacific countries, as well as an overview of preventive and enforcement policies and practices developed in the region, with special focus on the management of conflict of interest, measures aimed at curbing corruption in public procurement, corporate ethics, whistleblower protection, forensic accounting and mutual legal assistance.
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  • 77
    ISBN: 9789264028845
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (82 p.)
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Dialogue public-privé dans les pays en développement ; Opportunités et risques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Dialogue public-privé dans les pays en développement : Opportunités et risques
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Pinaud, Nicolas Public-private dialogue in developing countries: opportunities and risks
    DDC: 361.25
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Öffentlich-private Partnerschaft ; Frühindikator ; Politische Kultur ; Entwicklungsländer ; Public-private sector cooperation Developing countries ; Governance ; Development ; Entwicklungsländer ; Public Private Partnership
    Abstract: Putting aside the euphoria of supporters of public-private dialogue (PPD) and the doom prophecies of its detractors, this analysis identifies the advantages that it can bring, while cautioning against the very real dangers it can present to fragile states and relatively recent democracies. The type of state involved, the level of organisation within the national private sector and the kind of support offered by donors all have an influence on the potential and real success of PPD. "Nicolas Pinaud does a masterful job of surveying the state of our knowledge -- both in theory and practice around the world -- and offers a thorough and balanced review of the potential benefits as well as risks of closer relations between business and government." -Ben Ross Schneider, Professor of Political Science, Northwestern University.
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  • 78
    ISBN: 9789264031647
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Implementing the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mise en œuvre de la Convention anti-corruption de l'OCDE ; Rapport sur la Corée 2007
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mise en œuvre de la Convention anti-corruption de l'OCDE : Rapport sur la Corée 2007
    Keywords: Governance ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: This report describes what Korea is doing to implement the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention.
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9789264022591
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (133 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Villes et compétitivité ; Un nouveau paradigme entrepreneurial pour l'aménagement du territoire
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Villes et compétitivité : Un nouveau paradigme entrepreneurial pour l'aménagement du territoire
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Competitive cities
    Keywords: Stadtentwicklung ; Regionalentwicklung ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; France ; Japan ; Spain ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Globalisierung ; Kommunalplanung
    Abstract: Economic globalisation and the subsequent intensification of inter-city competition have profoundly changed urban governance. This is particularly evident in the field of urban spatial development. The change is often described as a shift from a managerial mode of governance to a more entrepreneurial mode, strongly characterised by risk-taking, innovation, a strong orientation toward the private sector and a strategic approach which focuses on economic growth. This study reviews the challenges that urban entrepreneurialism must overcome to maintain and strengthen its relevance in the 21st century. Urban policy planners are expected to address an increasingly wide range of objectives, including social, environmental and cultural issues as well as economic ones.
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9789264034105
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principes de l'OCDE pour la participation du secteur privé aux Infrastructures
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The OECD Principles for Private Sector Participation in Infrastructure aim to help governments work with private-sector partners to finance and bring to fruition infrastructure projects in areas of vital economic importance, such as transport, water and power supply and telecommunications. These Principles offer authorities a checklist of policy issues to consider in ensuring that citizens get the services they need at a fair cost and the private-sector partners obtain viable returns.
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  • 81
    ISBN: 9789264032439
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (157 p.)
    Series Statement: Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Empleo juvenil; España
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Empleo juvenil: España
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Spain
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Spanien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Spain ; Spanien ; Jugendlicher Arbeitnehmer
    Abstract: Improving the performance of youth in the labour market is a crucial challenge in OECD countries facing persistent youth unemployment. Getting off to a good start facilitates integration and lays the foundation for a good career, while a poor beginning can be difficult to make up. Part of a series of reports on the school-to-work transition process in 16 countries, this report surveys the main barriers to employment for young people in Spain and assesses the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to improve the transition from school to work. The report includes a set of policy recommendations for further action by the public authorities and social partners in Spain.
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  • 82
    ISBN: 9789264037984
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (130 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Esame OCSE sulla Riforma della Regolazione; Italia 2007; Assicurare la qualità della regolazione a tutti i livelli di governo
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Esame OCSE sulla Riforma della Regolazione: Italia 2007: Assicurare la qualità della regolazione a tutti i livelli di governo
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Italy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Regionalregierung ; Italien ; Governance ; Italy ; Italien ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Deregulierung ; Regionalisierung
    Abstract: In recent years Italy has moved towards greater devolution of regulatory powers at regional level, in a European context where this dimension becomes increasingly important. This review analyses first the institutional set-up for multi-level regulation, the specifics of power sharing between the State and the regions, as well as the horizontal and vertical co-ordination mechanisms in place in the country, before turning to the use of policy instruments and regulatory tools in four Italian regions: Veneto, Calabria, Campania and Tuscany.
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9789264032538
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Implementing the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mise en œuvre de la Convention anti-corruption de l'OCDE ; Rapport sur la Belgique 2007
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mise en œuvre de la Convention anti-corruption de l'OCDE : Rapport sur la Belgique 2007
    Keywords: Governance ; Belgium
    Abstract: This report describes what Belgium is doing to implement the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention.
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  • 84
    ISBN: 9789264032064
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation ; Corée 2007 ; Progrès dans la mise en œuvre de la reforme de la réglementation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform; Korea Progress in Implementing Regulatory Reform (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation : Corée 2007 : Progrès dans la mise en œuvre de la reforme de la réglementation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform: Korea Progress in Implementing Regulatory Reform (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Korea
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Südkorea ; Governance ; Korea, Republic of ; Südkorea ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Regulierung ; Reform ; Wettbewerbspolitik ; Telekommunikationswirtschaft ; Tertiärbereich
    Abstract: Korea was among the first countries reviewed in the OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform Series. Since the first review in 2000, Korea has made bold efforts to enhance conditions for long term growth: promoting regulatory reform, cutting red tape, strengthening competition policy and market openness. The Korean government has also modernised its regulatory framework for information technologies, an area where Korea plays a leading role among OECD countries. This publication assesses progress since 2000 and analyses many of the lessons of implementation of regulatory reform. It highlights possible responses to current challenges. These include the pressures of an ageing society, future welfare needs and human capital development. The study includes a new special chapter on tertiary education, where improvements in the regulatory framework can yield significant benefits for future innovation and productivity.
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  • 85
    ISBN: 9789264030299
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD e-Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Carpenter, Gwendolyn Netherlands
    Keywords: E-Government ; Niederlande ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Netherlands ; Niederlande ; E-Government
    Abstract: Rather than pursuing e-government as an end in itself, the Netherlands is seeking to use ICT tools to reduce administrative burdens and improve service delivery. Internationally, the Netherlands is at the forefront of administrative burden reduction, which is a major political priority and an important justification for e-government development. This volume examines questions such as whether the goal of reducing administrative burdens is sufficient in itself for e-government to transform public administrations. Further, how can the public sector build partnerships across levels of government to deliver ICT-enabled end-to-end services that simplify the relationship with citizens and businesses? This report is in English only. However, a French translation of the Assessment and Proposals for Action has been included in this volume.
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9789264038202
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Human Resource Management in Government
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE sur la gestion des ressources humaines dans l'administration publique ; Belgique 2007 ; Administration fédérale, Administration flamande, Communauté française, Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, Région wallonne
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE sur la gestion des ressources humaines dans l'administration publique : Belgique 2007 : Administration fédérale, Administration flamande, Communauté française, Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, Région wallonne
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Belgium
    RVK:
    Keywords: Personalmanagement ; Regierung ; Belgien ; Employment ; Governance ; Belgium ; Belgien ; Regierung ; Personalwesen
    Abstract: This review of human resource management (HRM) in Belgian government is the first country review of its kind to be carried out by the OECD. It provides a detailed diagnosis and solutions for improving the management of government employees in the Brussels-Capital Region, Federal Government, Flemish Government, French Community and Walloon Region. The report compares the policies and practices of Belgium with those in other OECD countries, as well as those across different governments in Belgium. Recommendations suggest that governments should reform the intergovernmental framework on employment to remove rigidities and enhance co-operation, pay special attention to staff productivity and efficiency, and enhance the good governance of their HRM systems.
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  • 87
    ISBN: 9789264040809
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (126 p.)
    Series Statement: Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Korea
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Südkorea ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Korea, Republic of ; Südkorea ; Jugendlicher Arbeitnehmer ; Arbeitsmarkt
    Abstract: Improving the performance of youths in the labour market is a crucial challenge in OECD countries facing persistent youth unemployment. This report, part of a series which looks at the school-to-work transition process in sixteen countries, contains a survey of the main barriers to employment for young people in Korea, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to improve the transition from school-to-work, and a set of policy recommendations for further action by the public authorities and social partners.
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  • 88
    ISBN: 9789264030527
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD e-Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Wang, Yih-Jeou Hungary
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: E-Government ; Ungarn ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Hungary ; Ungarn ; E-Government
    Abstract: E-Government in Hungary has been driven by the overarching national goal to integrate Hungary in the European Union. Strong political leadership has lead to results in a short space of time, including the online availability of 20 core e-government services benchmarked by the EU, as well as other transactional services. The review draws several important lessons from the Hungarian experience: Hungary has moved forward by adopting international good practices, rather than re-inventing the wheel. In order to continue progress, however, Hungary needs to focus on the bigger picture which means using e-government to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the public sector, i.e. better government, not more government. This review also identifies the challenges that Hungary will face in order to meet these new objectives.
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  • 89
    ISBN: 9789264012035
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Combattre l'exclusion ; L'aide sociale en Belgique, en Norvège, aux Pays-Bas et en République tchèque
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Combattre l'exclusion : L'aide sociale en Belgique, en Norvège, aux Pays-Bas et en République tchèque
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Belgium ; Czech Republic ; Netherlands ; Norway ; Soziale Sicherheit ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Isolation
    Abstract: Institutions whose goal is to help those at the margins have been a feature of social life for centuries. Today, social assistance institutions have integration and encouragement as their goal. They seek to avoid exclusion and stigmatisation.Poverty can tear at the fabric of society. However, preventing hardship among those with no resources while reducing exclusion and marginalisation is no easy task. How can social assistance best balance these goals, minimising disincentives to paid employment? What can be done to promote independence and individual responsibility?This book compares the social assistance policies of Belgium, the Czech Republic, the Netherlands and Norway. Although at first sight these countries appear very different, in fact the same policy dilemmas exist in the four countries. That local action is necessary to identify and help the excluded is accepted, but the balance between ensuring that sufficient resources are available at the local level while limiting budgets so as to ensure efficient use of resources is a continuing preoccupation. Governments stress their commitment to combat poverty, but benefits cannot be raised too high because this would harm work incentives. Different institutions sometimes disagree about whether benefit recipients are "job ready" or whether more social help is needed. No country has yet found a policy package which prevents exclusion, but innovative policies in each of these four countries are proving successful in limiting its extent.
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  • 90
    ISBN: 9789264041325
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (76 p.)
    Series Statement: ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This report presents an overview of the policies, legislation and institutions involved in MLA and extradition in corruption cases in the Initiative’s members. The study covers three main areas: the legal basis and preconditions for extradition and MLA; procedures and measures that facilitate international cooperation; and the mechanisms for recovering proceeds of corruption. The report is based primarily on independent research, information that members of the Initiative provided in writing to the Secretariat, and on the findings of the March 2006 technical seminar on Denying Safe Haven to the Corrupt and the Proceeds of Corruption and the November 2006 Steering Group meeting, during which the draft report was discussed and adopted. The final report of the thematic review, which will include both a cross-regional analysis and country-specific reports, is expected to be available by end 2007.
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  • 91
    ISBN: 9789264029293 , 926402929X
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Giguère, Sylvain Baltic partnerships
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Entwicklung ; Wirtschaftsintegration ; Baltische Staaten ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Ostseeraum ; Wirtschaftliche Integration ; Regionale Kooperation ; Governance
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  • 92
    ISBN: 9789264040052
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p)
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This joint OECD-World Bank stocktaking exercise of social accountability (SA) initiatives in OECD member countries contributes to the global exchange of policy relevant knowledge. The stocktaking exercise produced 40 templates detailing social accountability initiatives in 27 OECD countries and the European Commission. Cases were selected on the basis of their focus and level, and potential transferability of their policy lessons.
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  • 93
    Language: English
    Pages: 111 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Sigma Papers no.41
    Keywords: Governance ; European Union
    Abstract: This study provides a comparative analysis of the public procurement review and remedies systems of Member States. Twenty-four separate overviews of public procurement systems in the 24 participating Member States were produced on the basis of national responses to a detailed questionnaire. An in-depth review of these country system overviews provided the comparative analysis portion of this study.
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 169-255
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 88 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Lois et règlements applicables aux ventes à perte
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 1, p. 169-255
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Despite general agreement that consumers benefit from lower prices that are not predatory, several nations have laws against loss leader sales even when they are unlikely to foreclose competition. These laws appear to protect competitors rather than competition. The Competition Committee’s roundtable discussion in October 2005 focused on efforts to reform or remove laws against loss leader sales and efforts to prevent such restrictions from being enacted. The Secretariat background note argued that rules again loss leader sales should be sunsetted because they are likely to harm consumers and protect inefficient competitors, fail to account adequately for pro-competitive business justifications for loss leader sales and detract from economic dynamism and growth. Japan, Germany and France, defended their rules against price competition, although France was in the process of a reform. Members of a second group of countries were working to remove laws against loss leader sales. The nations in a third group with no law against loss leader sales, reported efforts by groups of competitors to have such rules applied either at the national level or at the state/provincial level. Both the consumer and business submissions argued that prohibiting loss leader sales is likely to harm consumers and protect competitors, rather than competition.
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 8, no. 3, p. 69-151
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 84 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Renforcer une concurrence profitable dans les professions de santé
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 8, no. 3, p. 69-151
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Health professions are overseen by an array of rules and regulations that are justified by the need to protect consumers from unqualified practitioners. The most common method of ensuring practitioner quality is professional licensure. Because health care expertise is necessary to establish the appropriate program of study, training, and examination for new professionals, a licensed profession often directly or indirectly controls its own licensure rules. In this process of selfregulation, a profession exercises its legitimate interest in maintaining the quality of its members. But a self-regulating profession also has the potential to abuse its control over who can practice and how they practice in order to enhance member income.
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 8, no. 3, p. 153-247
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 96 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Concurrence et prestation de services hospitaliers
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 8, no. 3, p. 153-247
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Because of the high percentage of national income and government budget typically associated with the provision of hospital services and because there is substantial evidence of hospital services could often be delivered more efficiently than they are, a number of OECD countries have increased the extent to which competitive mechanisms are adopted to increase the efficiency of hospital care delivery. Hospital services are complex set of products and services than comprise many different types of patient-oriented activities and not all services are equally subject to competition. For some services, such as emergency services, a hospital may have few if any competitors. For other services, such as inpatient scheduled surgeries, a hospital may compete for patients with other hospitals that offer comparable care. For still other services, such as diagnostic services, specialist consultations and outpatient services hospitals may at times compete with diagnostic centers, doctors’ offices and ambulatory surgery centers. Competition between providers of hospital services can have a number of impacts, including reducing excessive hospital stays, reducing costs of providing care and improving quality of care. Mechanisms for increasing competition or market forces identified in this paper include: collecting and distributing improved information on provider performance; supporting new entry when entry and exit costs are low; encouraging independent or private operation of facilities; improving allocation of human resources, particularly through reducing anticompetitive restrictions by professionals; introducing prospective pricing in combination with benchmarking; physician-led purchasing; providing for greater consumer choice, particularly when waiting lists are long; introducing contestable management of hospitals; and applying competition law in circumstances where public policy focuses on pro-competitive mechanisms. A competitive mechanism that might work in one system will not necessarily transfer well to another. Moreover, competitive mechanisms may at times increase costs. As health policy makers increase reliance on competitive mechanisms, they may need to think carefully about structural market conditions and potentially involve competition authorities when it appears that participants in the market are acting to restrain or eliminate competition.
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 7, no. 1, p. 1-25
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 26 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 1, p. 1-25
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This paper by the Congressional Budget Office examines two reports on fiscal policy in the United States: the budget and the government’s financial statements. The reports differ in concept and scope. Neither provides all of the relevant information about federal finances, but together they offer a more comprehensive perspective on the fiscal implications of present policies.
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 9, no. 2, p. 167-239
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 74 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Réglementation environnementale et concurrence
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 2, p. 167-239
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Environmental protection and competitive markets are two of the highest policy priorities. In June 2006 the Competition Committee held a roundtable discussion on potential restrictions to competition due to environmental protection. Environmental regulations can constitute substantial barriers to entry in some markets, can provide a basis for predatory behaviour in some markets and can be harmful to competition and welfare through a variety of other channels. Environmental rules can thus raise prices to consumers by reducing competition in the market. Any assessment of the costs and benefits of an existing or proposed environmental rule is incomplete without an analysis of the costs generated by any resulting reduction in competition. On the other hand, there is no firm empirical evidence that environmental policy affects the competitiveness of firms and countries. Ideally, environmental policies should be effective and among equally effective policies, the policy that is least restrictive of competition should be chosen. Environmental policy makers should ensure that environmental benefits continue to outweigh costs, including the indirect costs associated with effects on market structure. Environmental policy is first and foremost about securing public environmental goods which are demanded in their own right and which are fundamental to a well-functioning market.
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 7, no. 7, p. 1-33
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 7, p. 1-33
    Keywords: Governance ; Economics
    Abstract: The OECD, via its Ethics Infrastructure concept and Integrity Assessment Framework, is in the forefront as efforts to check corruption shift from diagnosing problems and prescribing countermeasures to the institutionalization and assessment of integrity. In such an effort OECD possesses significant resources: a generation’s worth of anti-corruption expertise; unparalleled networks, information and data resources; and strong credibility based both on anti-corruption and integrity instruments (such as the OECD Convention on Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions, 1998 OECD Recommendation on Improving Ethical Conduct in the Public Service and the 2003 Recommendation on Guidelines For Managing Conflict Of Interest in the Public Service) and a half-century of effective dealings with the world’s major economies. But it also faces significant challenges, made all the more difficult by the fact that in some ways it is venturing into unknown territory. A key challenge is to assess anti-corruption progress in valid, reliable, and reasonably precise ways, using objective evidence to provide credible, easily understood feedback and guidance to officials, reform groups, and citizens...
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 9, no. 2, p. 93-165
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 72 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Concurrence et réglementation dans le secteur agricole
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 9, no. 2, p. 93-165
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: The Competition Committee (WP2 on Competition and Regulation) hold a roundtable discussion in June 2004 on Competition and Regulation in Agriculture: Monopsony Buying and Joint Selling. Monopsonistic purchasing practices and joint price-setting activities in the agro-food sector were examined, with a particular focus on regulation and on the potential improvements that could arise from more pro-competitive regulations. Joint activity by producers can have a number of beneficial effects, such as from promoting a brand or food that would not otherwise be promoted, promoting a style of production (like organic production) or purchasing in large quantity in order to obtain quantity discounts. Harms may arise when the joint activity involves price or qualitysetting and there is little competition from close substitutes. Cartellike activity by producers has often been supported by governments but is unlikely to achieve stated public policy goals because it often leads to higher consumer prices but enhance land values more than farmer income. Potentially monopsonistic purchasing practices in the agricultural sector were also considered. At times, price manipulation by large purchasers may occur. Competition authorities play an important role in assuring that activities of purchasers do not involve market power, particularly when purchases are concentrated in few, large firms and sellers have limited options besides selling into a highly concentrated market. However, to the extent that purchasers wish to contract for very specific forms of production, such as specific varieties of grain, there can be good commercial reasons that a purchaser would wish to focus on a specific forms of production and agriculture products should not be considered different from supplies in other sectors, which are customized for different purchasers.
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