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  • English  (81)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    National Contact Point for Responsible Business Conduct Peer Reviews: Kazakhstan 2024 (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (70 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: This document is the peer review report of the National Contact Point (NCP) of Kazakhstan. The objectives of NCP peer reviews are to assess that the NCP is functioning and operating in accordance with the core effectiveness criteria set out in the implementation procedures; to identify the NCP’s strengths and possibilities for improvement; to make recommendations for improvement; and to serve as a learning tool for all NCPs involved. The peer review of the NCP of Kazakhstan was conducted by a team of reviewers from the NCPs of Egypt, France, and Korea, along with representatives of the OECD Secretariat.
    DOI: 10.1787/9090c11f-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Review of the Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises in Kazakhstan (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264691728 , 9789264557611 , 9789264576261
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (153 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Corporate Governance
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: The Kazakh government has undertaken crucial legal and regulatory reforms to improve the governance and performance of its state-owned enterprises (SOEs), but further reforms are needed. This review describes and assesses the corporate governance framework of the Kazakh SOE sector against the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises. It makes recommendations to help the Kazakh authorities reform their state-owned sector and align the exercise of state ownership and the governance of SOEs with international best practices.
    DOI: 10.1787/082c508b-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Insights on the Business Climate in Kazakhstan (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264950467 , 9789264818279 , 9789264596221
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (95 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Анализ делового климата в Казахстане
    Keywords: Frühindikator ; Auslandsinvestition ; Multinationales Unternehmen ; Privatwirtschaft ; Reform ; Kasachstan ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: The global push for more sustainable and less-carbon intensive economic models has increased the salience of Kazakhstan’s long-standing diversification agenda. That this agenda remains only partially fulfilled reflects a number of issues that affect the conditions for investment, innovation and entrepreneurship. Elaborating on feedback garnered through a small, focussed survey of foreign firms in Kazakhstan, this report provides new insights into private-sector perceptions of the ongoing reform process and in doing so draws attention to some of the most pressing issues facing policymakers and business.
    DOI: 10.1787/bd780306-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Multi-level governance and subnational finance in Asia and the Pacific (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (98 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Regional Development Papers no.61
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Finance and Investment ; Armenia ; Australia ; Azerbaijan ; Bangladesh ; Bhutan ; Cambodia ; China, People’s Republic ; Georgia ; India ; Indonesia ; Japan ; Kazakhstan ; Korea, Republic of ; Kyrgyzstan ; Lao People's Democratic Republic ; Malaysia ; Mongolia ; Nepal ; New Zealand ; Pakistan ; Philippines ; Sri Lanka ; Tajikistan ; Thailand ; Uzbekistan ; Viet Nam
    Abstract: Subnational governments in Asia and the Pacific are key providers of the public services and infrastructure required to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Given this role, it is essential that policymakers and development partners understand and support the effective functioning of multi-level governance structures and subnational government finances across the region. This joint OECD-ADB report provides a comprehensive overview of subnational governments across Asia and the Pacific. It covers over 467,000 subnational governments from 26 countries, which represent 53% of the world’s population and 40% of global GDP. On average in 2020, subnational governments in the region accounted for 29% of total public expenditure (8.8% of GDP), 35% of total public revenue (8.5% of GDP) and 38% of public investment (2% of GDP). Harnessing unique data from the 3rd edition of the OECD-UCLG World Observatory on Subnational Government Finance and Investment, the analysis highlights how decentralisation and territorial reforms have reconfigured the structures and finances of subnational governments in the region. It covers a range of topics including fiscal rules, financial management capacity, priority-based budgeting, asset management and the use of public-private partnerships.
    DOI: 10.1787/f3e8a2fb-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Realising the Potential of the Middle Corridor (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264436978
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (142 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Trade ; Azerbaijan ; Georgia ; Kazakhstan ; Türkiye
    Abstract: Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine and the ensuing sanctions greatly complicated overland freight transport between Europe and China via the so-called Northern Corridor, which runs through the Russian Federation. This has prompted renewed attention to the development of the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route, a multimodal route running through Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Türkiye – the so-called “Middle Corridor”. The present report looks at the Middle Corridor’s potential and at the challenges that must be overcome to realise it, drawing on the perspective of relevant private-sector actors in the four Middle Corridor countries. Governments along the corridor have invested heavily to improve transport infrastructure, yet important bottlenecks remain due to the geography of the route, the number of border crossings and the lack of regional trade integration. This study, based on surveys from and interviews with the private sector, maps and sequences main reform priorities in relation to regional integration, infrastructure, trade facilitation and supra-national coordination. It suggests that the primary aim should be to develop the corridor not solely as a transit route for actors from outside the region but as an engine of integration and trade integration in Central Asia and the South Caucasus.
    DOI: 10.1787/635ad854-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Анализ делового климата в Казахстане (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264763180 , 9789264537125 , 9789264572904
    Language: Russian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (107 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Insights on the Business Climate in Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: Глобальная ориентированность на более экологически устойчивые экономические модели, обеспечивающие снижение уровня выбросов углекислого газа, повысила значимость долгосрочной программы диверсификации экономики Казахстана. Выполнение лишь части этой программы указывает на наличие ряда сложностей, влияющих на условия для инвестирования, внедрения инноваций и развития предпринимательства. Настоящий отчет, основанный на результатах небольшого целевого опроса иностранных компаний, работающих на территории Казахстана, дает новое представление о восприятии частным сектором текущих реформ и тем самым привлекает внимание к некоторым из наиболее актуальных проблем, стоящих перед органами, отвечающими за разработку и реализацию мер экономической политики, и бизнесом.
    DOI: 10.1787/ccc8cf0c-ru
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Improving Framework Conditions for the Digital Transformation of Businesses in Kazakhstan (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264483682 , 9789264965935 , 9789264893344
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (75 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Улучшение рамочных условий для цифровой трансформации бизнеса в Казахстане
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; Infrastrukturpolitik ; Privatwirtschaft ; Kasachstan ; Science and Technology ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: In recent years, Kazakhstan has developed a comprehensive digital government system and begun to create the legal and regulatory conditions for the digital transformation of the country’s economy. The digitalisation of the private sector requires further improvements in framework conditions, such as reliable access to broadband services, quality and affordability of networks, and digital security for businesses. Based on recent OECD work on digital framework conditions, this report examines the legal and operational environment that is holding back the digital transformation of private firms in Kazakhstan. The report suggests three sets of actions: (1) addressing the remaining Internet quality and connectivity gaps, notably by mobilising the regional public sector to improve the quality and density of networks, and by expanding the inclusion of the private sector in the policy-making process; (2) improving competition in, and the investment attractiveness of, the telecom sector by setting-up an independent national telecom regulator, and by developing a targeted investment attraction strategy to prepare for deployment of next-generation communication networks; and (3) adapting the regulatory and policy framework for firms adapting to new digital challenges and raising their awareness of digital security.
    DOI: 10.1787/368d4d01-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Улучшение рамочных условий для цифровой трансформации бизнеса в Казахстане (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264861497 , 9789264612884 , 9789264965577
    Language: Russian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (83 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Improving Framework Conditions for the Digital Transformation of Businesses in Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: В последние годы в Казахстане была разработана комплексная система цифрового управления и создаются нормативно-правовые условия для цифровой трансформации экономики страны. Цифровизация частного сектора требует дальнейшего улучшения рамочных условий, таких как надежный доступ к широкополосным услугам, качество и доступность сетей, а также цифровая безопасность для бизнеса. Основываясь на результатах недавней работы ОЭСР по изучению цифровых рамочных условий, в данном отчете рассматриваются правовые и операционные условия, которые сдерживают цифровую трансформацию частных компаний в Казахстане. Отчет предлагает три группы действий: (1) устранение пробелов в качестве интернета и возможности подключения, в частности, путем мобилизации местных исполнительных органов для повышения качества и плотности сетей, а также путем расширения участия частного сектора в процессе разработки политики; (2) повышение конкуренции и инвестиционной привлекательности телекоммуникационного сектора путем создания независимого национального регулятора телекоммуникаций и разработки целевой стратегии привлечения инвестиций для подготовки к развертыванию сетей связи следующего поколения; и (3) адаптация нормативно-правовой базы для фирм, приспосабливающихся к новым цифровым вызовам, и повышение их осведомленности о цифровой безопасности.
    DOI: 10.1787/6b6e7aa8-ru
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pensions statistics (Edition 2022) (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Pensions Statistics
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Albania ; Argentina ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Bolivia ; Brazil ; Bulgaria ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Croatia ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Dominican Republic ; Egypt ; El Salvador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hong Kong, China ; Hungary ; Iceland ; India ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Jamaica ; Japan ; Jordan ; Kazakhstan ; Kenya ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Lesotho ; Liechtenstein ; Luxembourg ; Malaysia ; Malta ; Mauritius ; Mexico ; Namibia ; Nigeria ; North Macedonia ; Pakistan ; Panama ; Peru ; Poland ; Portugal ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Serbia ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Spain ; Suriname ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Thailand ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Türkiye ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Uruguay ; Zambia
    Abstract: This dataset includes pension funds statistics with OECD classifications by type of pension plans and by type of pension funds. All types of plans are included (occupational and personal, mandatory and voluntary). The OECD classification considers both funded and book reserved pension plans that are workplace-based (occupational pension plans) or accessed directly in retail markets (personal pension plans). Both mandatory and voluntary arrangements are included. The data includes plans where benefits are paid by a private sector entity (classified as private pension plans by the OECD) as well as those paid by a funded public sector entity. Data are presented in various measures depending on the variable: millions of national currency, millions of USD, thousands or unit.
    DOI: 10.1787/63349a14-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pensions indicators (Edition 2022) (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Pensions Statistics
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Albania ; Argentina ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Bolivia ; Brazil ; Bulgaria ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Croatia ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Dominican Republic ; Egypt ; El Salvador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Hong Kong, China ; Hungary ; Iceland ; India ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Jamaica ; Japan ; Jordan ; Kazakhstan ; Kenya ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Liechtenstein ; Luxembourg ; Malaysia ; Malta ; Mauritius ; Mexico ; Namibia ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Nigeria ; North Macedonia ; Norway ; Pakistan ; Panama ; Peru ; Poland ; Portugal ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Serbia ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Spain ; Sri Lanka ; Suriname ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Thailand ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Türkiye ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Uruguay ; Zambia
    Abstract: This dataset comprises statistics pertaining to pensions indicators.It includes indicators such as occupational pension funds’asset as a % of GDP, personal pension funds’ asset as a % of GDP, DC pension plans’assets as a % of total assets. Pension fund and plan types are classified according to the OECD classification. Three dimensions cover this classification: pension plan type, definition type and contract type.
    DOI: 10.1787/cfccc0bd-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Green Economy Transition in Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia : Progress and Ways Forward (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264352872 , 9789264486553 , 9789264740631
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (108 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Green Growth Studies
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Wachstumspolitik ; Umweltpolitik ; Osteuropa ; Kaukasus ; Zentralasien ; Environment ; Armenia ; Azerbaijan ; Belarus ; Georgia ; Kazakhstan ; Kyrgyzstan ; Moldova, Republic of ; Tajikistan ; Turkmenistan ; Ukraine ; Uzbekistan
    Abstract: Since the 1990’s, the countries of Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA) have made great progress in pursuing economic development that is also environmentally sustainable. The countries, in collaboration with the GREEN Action Task Force hosted by the OECD, has developed a number of policies aiming to improve environmental quality and social well-being, while creating opportunities for strong economic growth and decent jobs in the region. This report was prepared as the OECD contribution to the ninth “Environment for Europe” (EfE) Conference (5-7 October 2022). In this context, this report aims to: (i) take stock of progress on policy developments towards a green economy in the EECCA countries; (ii) showcase selected contributions from of the Green Action Task Force that integrate environmental and climate considerations into development pathways of the EECCA countries, and mobilise finance for action; and (iii) provide an outlook for the future, including priority actions that the Task Force in co-operation with the EECCA countries should take to enhance the momentum for green economy transition in the region.
    DOI: 10.1787/c410b82a-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective – MAP Peer Review Report, Kazakhstan (Stage 2) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264563247
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (95 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; OECD-Staaten ; Kasachstan ; Taxation ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: Under BEPS Action 14, members of the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The BEPS Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' Stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the Stage 2 peer monitoring of the implementation of the BEPS Action 14 Minimum Standard by Kazakhstan.
    DOI: 10.1787/34c25884-en
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report; Kazakhstan (stage 1) (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Show associated volumes/articles
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264854130
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 80 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 base erosion and profit shifting project
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Kasachstan ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Kazakhstan ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' Stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the Stage 1 peer monitoring of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by Kazakhstan.
    DOI: 10.1787/5bb425a9-en
    URL: kostenfrei
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD skills strategy Kazakhstan : assessment and recommendations (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264584105
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (181 Seiten)
    Edition: Electronic reproduction; Available in PDF format
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD skills strategy Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Bildungspolitik ; Qualifikation ; Weiterbildung ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Kasachstan ; Education ; Employment ; Kazakhstan ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Improving the activation of skills of vulnerable populations in Kazakhstan -- Fostering participation in adult learning of all forms in Kazakhstan -- Key insights and recommendations for Kazakhstan -- Strengthening the governance of the skills system in Kazakhstan -- Abbreviations and acronyms -- Building an effective skills information system in Kazakhstan -- Executive summary -- Engagement -- Foreword.
    Abstract: Skills are the key to shaping a better future and central to the capacity of countries and people to thrive in an increasingly interconnected and rapidly changing world. Megatrends such as globalisation, technological advances and demographic change are reshaping work and society, generating a growing demand for higher levels of skills and new sets of skills.OECD Skills Strategy projects provide a strategic and comprehensive approach to assess countries’ skills challenges and opportunities and help them build more effective skills systems. The OECD works collaboratively with countries to develop policy responses that are tailored to each country’s specific skills needs. The foundation of this approach is the OECD Skills Strategy Framework, which allows for an exploration of what countries can do better to: 1) develop relevant skills over the life course; 2) use skills effectively in work and in society; and 3) strengthen the governance of the skills system.This report, OECD Skills Strategy Kazakhstan: Assessment and Recommendations, identifies opportunities and makes recommendations to improve the activation of skills of vulnerable populations, foster greater participation in adult learning of all forms, build an effective skills information system, and strengthen the governance of skills policies in Kazakhstan
    Note: Electronic reproduction; Available in PDF format
    DOI: 10.1787/39629b47-en
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  • 15
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    Поддержка экологически чистого городского общественного транспорта в Казахстане, Кыргызстане и Молдове : Сводный отчет о реализации проекта за период с 2016 по 2019 год (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264408968 , 9789264935723 , 9789264611641
    Language: Russian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (105 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Promoting Clean Urban Public Transportation in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Moldova: Summary Report of Project Implementation 2016-2019
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Kazakhstan ; Kyrgyzstan ; Moldova, Republic of
    Abstract: В настоящем отчете представлены цели, методология, процедуры и основные выводы по итогам реализации проекта ОЭСР «Укрепление потенциала государственных финансов стран ВЕКЦА в сфере зеленых инвестиций». Проект осуществлялся в период с 2016 по 2019 год для оказания содействия странам-партнерам (Казахстану, Кыргызстану и Молдове) в переходе на более устойчивый путь развития за счет снижения энергоемкости и углеродоемкости их экономик. Проектная команда в сотрудничестве с профильными министерствами каждой из стран разработала программы государственных инвестиций в полном соответствии с передовой международной практикой. Эти программы направлены на выполнение ключевых задач экологической и климатической политики стран-партнеров. В частности, программы поддержки экологически чистого общественного транспорта делают упор на снижение уровня загрязнения воздуха и сокращение выбросов парниковых газов, генерируемых целевым сектором, прежде всего, в крупных городах. Реализация данных программ станет наглядным примером того, как можно использовать ограниченные государственные ресурсы для поощрения инвестиций частного сектора в проекты, дающие значительную экологическую и социально-экономическую выгоду.
    DOI: 10.1787/411cc0b0-ru
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pensions indicators (Edition 2021) (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Pensions Statistics
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Albania ; Argentina ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Bolivia ; Brazil ; Bulgaria ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Croatia ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Dominican Republic ; Egypt ; El Salvador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Hong Kong, China ; Hungary ; Iceland ; India ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Jamaica ; Japan ; Jordan ; Kazakhstan ; Kenya ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Liechtenstein ; Luxembourg ; Malaysia ; Malta ; Mauritius ; Mexico ; Namibia ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Nigeria ; North Macedonia ; Norway ; Pakistan ; Panama ; Peru ; Poland ; Portugal ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Serbia ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Spain ; Sri Lanka ; Suriname ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Thailand ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Türkiye ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Uruguay ; Zambia
    Abstract: This dataset comprises statistics pertaining to pensions indicators.It includes indicators such as occupational pension funds’asset as a % of GDP, personal pension funds’ asset as a % of GDP, DC pension plans’assets as a % of total assets. Pension fund and plan types are classified according to the OECD classification. Three dimensions cover this classification: pension plan type, definition type and contract type.
    DOI: 10.1787/3c63909f-en
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    Education in Eastern Europe and Central Asia : Findings from PISA (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264936317 , 9789264838734 , 9789264662759
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (93 Seiten) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: PISA
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Education in Eastern Europe and Central Asia
    Keywords: Bildungswesen ; Bildungsniveau ; Allgemeinbildende Schule ; Osteuropa ; Zentralasien ; Education ; Azerbaijan ; Belarus ; Bulgaria ; Croatia ; Georgia ; Kazakhstan ; Moldova, Republic of ; Romania ; Turkey ; Ukraine ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: Countries in Eastern Europe and Central Asia have clear aspirations to strengthen civic participation and increase prosperity for all. A highly skilled and knowledgeable population is critical to achieving these goals, which makes creating and maintaining high quality and equitable education systems a vital part of regional development efforts. Results from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) show that learning outcomes in the region have generally improved, but that the improvement has not been equitable. While countries in the region are producing some of the top performing students in the world, many other students are being left behind. This report, jointly developed by OECD and UNICEF, analyses PISA data in detail to identify the strengths, challenges and unique features of education systems in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Drawing upon a rich knowledge base of education policy and practice in the region, it makes recommendations about how systems in the region can provide an excellent education for all students. This report will be of interest to regional policy-makers as well as individuals who wish to learn more about education in Eastern Europe and Central Asia.
    DOI: 10.1787/ebeeb179-en
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  • 18
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    COVID-19 and greening the economies of Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (29 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe COVID-19 и экологизация экономики стран Восточной Европы, Кавказа и Центральной Азии
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Umweltpolitik ; Osteuropa ; Kaukasus ; Zentralasien ; Environment ; Economics ; Armenia ; Azerbaijan ; Belarus ; Georgia ; Kazakhstan ; Kyrgyzstan ; Moldova, Republic of ; Tajikistan ; Turkmenistan ; Ukraine ; Uzbekistan
    Abstract: As in many countries, the economies of Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA) have been negatively affected by the global COVID-19 pandemic. Their governments responded by addressing the health impacts and providing relief to affected businesses and workers. Many EECCA countries have also implemented measures that will help advance environmental objectives as part of their rescue and recovery plans. Nevertheless, much more needs to be done to ensure that recovery plans accelerate a green transition, thereby building resilience against external shocks. This policy paper analyses measures related to COVID-19 in 11 EECCA countries based on their potential to advance the transition to a greener, climate-resilient and low-carbon economy. Recommendations suggest ways to ensure that governments align efforts to support economic recovery with their objectives on climate change, biodiversity and wider environmental protection.
    DOI: 10.1787/40f4d34f-en
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  • 19
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    Pensions statistics (Edition 2021) (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Pensions Statistics
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Albania ; Argentina ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Bolivia ; Brazil ; Bulgaria ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Croatia ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Dominican Republic ; Egypt ; El Salvador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hong Kong, China ; Hungary ; Iceland ; India ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Jamaica ; Japan ; Jordan ; Kazakhstan ; Kenya ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Lesotho ; Liechtenstein ; Luxembourg ; Malaysia ; Malta ; Mauritius ; Mexico ; Namibia ; Nigeria ; North Macedonia ; Pakistan ; Panama ; Peru ; Poland ; Portugal ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Serbia ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Spain ; Suriname ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Thailand ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Türkiye ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Uruguay ; Zambia
    Abstract: This dataset includes pension funds statistics with OECD classifications by type of pension plans and by type of pension funds. All types of plans are included (occupational and personal, mandatory and voluntary). The OECD classification considers both funded and book reserved pension plans that are workplace-based (occupational pension plans) or accessed directly in retail markets (personal pension plans). Both mandatory and voluntary arrangements are included. The data includes plans where benefits are paid by a private sector entity (classified as private pension plans by the OECD) as well as those paid by a funded public sector entity. Data are presented in various measures depending on the variable: millions of national currency, millions of USD, thousands or unit.
    DOI: 10.1787/6fc20844-en
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  • 20
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    COVID-19 и экологизация экономики стран Восточной Европы, Кавказа и Центральной Азии (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: Russian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (36 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe COVID-19 and greening the economies of Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics ; Armenia ; Azerbaijan ; Belarus ; Georgia ; Kazakhstan ; Kyrgyzstan ; Moldova, Republic of ; Tajikistan ; Turkmenistan ; Ukraine ; Uzbekistan
    Abstract: Как и во многих странах, пандемия COVID-19 отрицательно сказалась на экономике стран Восточной Европы, Кавказа и Центральной Азии, ответные меры правительств которых заключались в смягчении воздействия пандемии на систему здравоохранения и оказании поддержки затронутым пандемией предприятиям и работникам. В рамках ответных мер, большинство стран ВЕКЦА также реализовали меры, которые могут способствовать достижению экологических целей. Тем не менее многое еще остается сделать, чтобы планы восстановления ускорили переход к «зеленой» экономике, тем самым повышая устойчивость к внешним шокам. В настоящем отчете проводится анализ мер, направленных на борьбу с COVID-19, предпринимаемых в 11 странах ВЕКЦА, на основании их потенциала к ускорению перехода к более «зеленой», стойкой к изменению климата и низкоуглеродной экономике. В рекомендациях предлагаются способы обеспечения содействия усилий правительств восстановлению экономики с учетом целей по борьбе с изменением климата, сохранению биологического разнообразия и расширению природоохранной деятельности.
    DOI: 10.1787/37dc59cf-ru
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  • 21
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    OECD Tax Policy Reviews: Kazakhstan 2020 (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264552104 , 9789264998735 , 9789264960206
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (139 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Tax Policy Reviews
    Keywords: Taxation ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: This report is part of the OECD Tax Policy Reviews publication series. The Reviews are intended to provide independent, comprehensive and comparative assessments of OECD member and non-member countries’ tax systems as well as concrete recommendations for tax policy reform. By identifying tailored tax policy reform options, the objective of the Reviews is to enhance the design of existing tax policies and to support the adoption of new reforms. This report provides an assessment of Kazakhstan's tax system and recommendations for tax reform. Chapter 1 gives an overview of the main findings and Chapter 2 sets the scene for tax reform. Chapter 3 considers tax revenue trends and analysis of the tax mix. Chapter 4 examines equity issues in Kazakhstan and provides recommendations on the personal income tax, social security contributions and value added taxes. Chapter 5 focuses on tax competitiveness issues and provides recommendations on how to strengthen the design of both the corporate income tax and special tax regimes for SMEs.
    DOI: 10.1787/872d016c-en
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  • 22
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    COVID-19 crisis response in Central Asia (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (22 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Zentralasien ; Economics ; Afghanistan ; Kazakhstan ; Kyrgyzstan ; Mongolia ; Tajikistan ; Turkmenistan ; Uzbekistan
    Abstract: The global COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant negative impact on the economies of Central Asia. This updated policy note reports on the latest developments in the region and looks ahead to identify the key challenges likely to be faced by the region’s policy makers in the short-to medium-term. It examines five major economic challenges facing countries as they recover from the COVID-19 crisis –debt sustainability, migration, job retention, private sector fragility, and lack of connectivity –and proposes ways forward.
    DOI: 10.1787/5305f172-en
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  • 23
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    Ustojčivaja infrastruktura dlja nizkouglerodnogo razvitija v Centralʹnoj Azii i na Kavkaze : analiz tekuščej situacii i opredelenie potrebnostej (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Title: Устойчивая инфраструктура для низкоуглеродного развития в Центральной Азии и на Кавказе : анализ текущей ситуации и определение потребностей
    ISBN: 9789264989634 , 9789264764910 , 9789264738638
    Language: Russian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (350 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Sustainable Infrastructure for Low-Carbon Development in Central Asia and the Caucasus: Hotspot Analysis and Needs Assessment
    Keywords: Energy ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Transport ; Azerbaijan ; Georgia ; Kazakhstan ; Kyrgyzstan ; Mongolia ; Tajikistan ; Turkmenistan ; Uzbekistan
    Abstract: В настоящем отчете анализируются планируемые инфраструктурные проекты, основы принятия решений относительно развития инфраструктуры и документы по вопросам стратегического планирования, существующие в восьми странах Центральной Азии и Кавказа: Азербайджане, Грузии, Казахстане, Кыргызской Республике, Монголии, Таджикистане, Туркменистане и Узбекистане. В нем проводится сопоставление текущих инвестиционных потоков с национальными целями в области развития стран для указания несоответствий между ними и предоставляются рекомендации директивным органам для более полной интеграции проблем, связанных с изменением климата, и прочих экологических вопросов в процессы принятия решений относительно развития инфраструктуры. В отчете представлен комплексный обзор инфраструктурных инвестиций, в основном в сфере транспорта и энергетике, осуществляемых в регионе, а также указаны риски и возможности, связанные с нынешними тенденциями в области инвестиций.
    DOI: 10.1787/edba62eb-ru
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    The impact of COVID-19 on SME financing : A special edition of the OECD Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs Scoreboard (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Papers no.22
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Australia ; Austria ; Azerbaijan ; Belarus ; Belgium ; Brazil ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Georgia ; Greece ; Hungary ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Kazakhstan ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Lithuania ; Luxembourg ; Malaysia ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Peru ; Philippines ; Poland ; Portugal ; Serbia ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Spain ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Thailand ; Turkey ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Abstract: The COVID-19 crisis has had a profound impact on SME access to finance. In particular, the sudden drop in revenues created acute liquidity shortages, threatening the survival of many viable businesses. The report documents an increase in demand for bank lending in the first half of 2020, and a steady supply of credit thanks to government interventions. On the other hand, other sources of finance declined, in particular early-stage equity. This paper, a special edition of Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs, focuses on the impacts of COVID-19 on SME access to finance, along with government policy responses. It reveals that the pre-crisis financing environment was broadly favourable for SMEs and entrepreneurs, who benefited from low interest rates, loose credit standards and an increasingly diverse offer of financing instruments. It documents the unprecedented scope and scale of the policy responses undertaken by governments world-wide, and details their key characteristics, and outlines the principal issues and policy challenges for the next phases of the pandemic, such as the over-indebtedness of SMEs and the need to continue to foster a diverse range of financing instruments for SMEs.
    DOI: 10.1787/ecd81a65-en
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  • 25
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    Raising the quality of initial teacher education and support for early career teachers in Kazakhstan (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (49 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Education Policy Perspectives no.25
    Keywords: Education ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: Kazakhstan has made tremendous progress in ensuring universal access to primary and lower-secondary education. Nevertheless, results international surveys reveal that almost two-thirds of students from Kazakhstan complete schooling without mastering the basic skills needed to be successful, and that student achievement is increasingly inequitable. This policy perspective provides Kazakhstan with recommendations about how to strengthen its initial teacher education and support for early career teachers in order to improve the learning outcomes of all students. It is part of a larger OECD review of Kazakhstan that is published as four policy perspectives, each examining a key policy issue.
    DOI: 10.1787/68c45a81-en
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  • 26
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    Review of the Kazakhstan Commission on Access to Information (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264415829 , 9789264824683 , 9789264364615
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (52 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Review of the Kazakhstan Commission on Access to Information
    Keywords: Öffentliche Einrichtung ; Information ; Kasachstan ; Governance ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Öffentliche Einrichtung ; Information
    Abstract: The report assesses the enforcement of the Republic of Kazakhstan's law on access to information with a focus on the practices of the Kazakhstan Commission on Access to Information. It benchmarks the Commission’s mandate and functions against those of similar access-to-information oversight bodies in OECD countries. The report compares the legal nature and the institutional structure of these institutions, focusing on the availability and effectiveness of appeal mechanisms. It proposes ways to align the Commission with similar bodies in OECD countries by adopting good practices or revising current legislation.
    DOI: 10.1787/3a8d6a0e-en
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  • 27
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    Transparent and Inclusive Stakeholder Participation through Public Councils in Kazakhstan (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264545311 , 9789264442573 , 9789264942622
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (56 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Transparent and inclusive stakeholder participation through public councils in Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Politische Partizipation ; Bürgerbeteiligung ; Kasachstan ; Governance ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Politik ; Bürgerbeteiligung
    Abstract: In Kazakhstan, over 200 public councils at national, regional and local levels provide a platform for civil society to voice its opinion on important social issues. This report analyses the legal and policy framework for stakeholder participation in Kazakhstan, and compares public councils' current practices against the requirements set out in regulations. It proposes practical recommendations to improve the legitimacy, transparency and inclusiveness of public councils in carrying out their duties. Recommendations are supported by good practices in both OECD and other countries that enable, improve and innovate stakeholder participation.
    DOI: 10.1787/d21f1e98-en
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    Measuring Green Finance Flows in Kazakhstan (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264485112 , 9789264795358 , 9789264316768
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (55 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Green Finance and Investment
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measuring green finance flows in Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Statistisches Amt ; Datenerhebung ; Öffentliche Investition ; Umweltschutzinvestition ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Kasachstan ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Umweltschutz ; Investition
    Abstract: Credible statistical information can serve as a powerful tool for the Republic of Kazakhstan to plan for, and monitor progress on, its transition to a green economy. While available data by Kazakhstan's Committee on Statistics already provide some useful information (e.g. investment and operational expenditures as a share of GDP are 0.2% and 0.4% respectively, which remain low), further improvement in coverage, granularity and quality of statistical information can better inform policy-making on green economy transition. This report examines how Kazakhstan’s national statistical system works and how it can be further improved to better measure and understand financial flows that contribute to a green economy transition. The analysis also builds on a range of relevant international and national initiatives on sustainable finance.
    DOI: 10.1787/3ef6618c-en
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  • 29
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    Strengthening national examinations in Kazakhstan to achieve national goals (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Education Policy Perspectives no.24
    Keywords: Education ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: Kazakhstan has made tremendous progress in ensuring universal access to primary and lower-secondary education. Nevertheless, results international surveys reveal that almost two-thirds of students from Kazakhstan complete schooling without mastering the basic skills needed to be successful, and that student achievement is increasingly inequitable. This policy perspective provides Kazakhstan with recommendations about how to strengthen its national examinations in order to improve the learning outcomes of all students. It is part of a larger OECD review of Kazakhstan that is published as four policy perspectives, each examining a key policy issue.
    DOI: 10.1787/0bf8662b-en
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    Developing a school evaluation framework to drive school improvement (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (48 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Education Policy Perspectives no.26
    Keywords: Education ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: Kazakhstan has made tremendous progress in ensuring universal access to primary and lower-secondary education. Nevertheless, results international surveys reveal that almost two-thirds of students from Kazakhstan complete schooling without mastering the basic skills needed to be successful, and that student achievement is increasingly inequitable. This policy perspective provides Kazakhstan with recommendations about how to strengthen its school evaluation system in order to improve the learning outcomes of all students. It is part of a larger OECD review of Kazakhstan that is published as four policy perspectives, each examining a key policy issue
    DOI: 10.1787/60b471de-en
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  • 31
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    Developing a national assessment that supports Kazakhstan’s education goals (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (45 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Education Policy Perspectives no.27
    Keywords: Bildungspolitik ; Kasachstan ; Education ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: Kazakhstan has made tremendous progress in ensuring universal access to primary and lower-secondary education. Nevertheless, results international surveys reveal that almost two-thirds of students from Kazakhstan complete schooling without mastering the basic skills needed to be successful, and that student achievement is increasingly inequitable. This policy perspective provides Kazakhstan with recommendations about how to strengthen its national assessment in order to improve the learning outcomes of all students. It is part of a larger OECD review of Kazakhstan that is published as four policy perspectives, each examining a key policy issue.
    DOI: 10.1787/1c4ed074-en
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  • 32
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    Promoting Clean Urban Public Transportation in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Moldova : Summary Report of Project Implementation 2016-2019 (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264383203 , 9789264393509 , 9789264769359
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (96 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Green Finance and Investment
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Promoting clean urban public transportation in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Moldova
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Mobilität ; Stadtverkehr ; Öffentlicher Nahverkehr ; Kasachstan ; Kirgisistan ; Moldawien ; Environment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Kazakhstan ; Kyrgyzstan ; Moldova, Republic of
    Abstract: This report presents the objectives, methodology, procedures and main findings of the OECD project "Strengthening public finance capacity for green investments in the EECCA countries". Between 2016-19, the project aimed to help set the partner countries (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Moldova) on a sustainable path of development by reducing the energy and carbon intensity of their economies. Working with the relevant ministry in each country, the project designed public investment programmes in line with good international practices. These programmes sought to address key objectives of the countries' environmental and climate-related policies. The Clean Public Transport Programmes focus specifically on reducing air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions from the target sector, primarily in large urban areas. They aim to demonstrate how to use scarce public funds to encourage private sector investment in projects that generate significant environmental and socio-economic benefits alike.
    DOI: 10.1787/fcb6c9de-en
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    Risk Governance Scan of Kazakhstan (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264737457
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (108 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Risk Management Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Risk governance scan of Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Katastrophenschutz ; Katastrophe ; Kasachstan ; Environment ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Sicherheit ; Strategie
    Abstract: This report presents the governance framework in Kazakhstan for managing disaster risks. A wide range of disaster risks are present throughout the national territory, primarily floods, landslides, avalanches, but also extreme cold and heatwaves. The report reviews how the central government sets up a national strategy to manage these disaster risks, and how a national risk governance framework is formulated and executed. It examines the role of the private sector and other non-governmental actors in contributing to resilience at a national and subnational level.
    DOI: 10.1787/cb82cae9-en
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  • 34
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    Gosudarstvennye zakupki v Kazachstane : Reformirovanie sistemy v celjach povyšenija ėffektivnosti (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Title: Государственные закупки в Казахстане : Реформирование системы в целях повышения эффективности
    ISBN: 9789264635852 , 9789264729599 , 9789264627673
    Language: Russian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (210 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Public Procurement in Kazakhstan: Reforming for Efficiency
    Keywords: Governance ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: Данная публикация отмечает значительный прогресс, достигнутый в совершенствовании системы государственных закупок в Казахстане, прежде всего в сфере внедрения электронных закупок. Опираясь на передовой опыт, обзор включает политические рекомендации, направленные на содействие правительству Казахстана в проведении дальнейших необходимых реформ в целях соответствия международным стандартам.
    DOI: 10.1787/8c22ccf8-ru
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    Sustainable Infrastructure for Low-Carbon Development in Central Asia and the Caucasus : Hotspot Analysis and Needs Assessment (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264730441 , 9789264628342 , 9789264609228
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (271 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Green Finance and Investment
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sustainable infrastructure for low-carbon development in Central Asia and the Caucasus
    Keywords: Infrastrukturinvestition ; Infrastrukturfinanzierung ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Zentralasien ; Kaukasus ; Energy ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Transport ; Azerbaijan ; Georgia ; Kazakhstan ; Kyrgyzstan ; Mongolia ; Tajikistan ; Turkmenistan ; Uzbekistan ; Zentralasien ; Kaukasus ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: This report analyses planned infrastructure projects, decision-making frameworks related to infrastructure development and strategic planning documents in eight countries in Central Asia and the Caucasus: Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. It compares current investment flows with countries' national development objectives to identify misalignments and provides policy-makers with recommendations to improve the integration of climate change and other environmental concerns into infrastucture development decision-making processes. The report presents a comprehensive overview of infrastructure investment, primarily in the transport and energy sectors, throughout the region and identifies the risks and opportunities emerging from current investment patterns.
    DOI: 10.1787/d1aa6ae9-en
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    Addressing Industrial Air Pollution in Kazakhstan : Reforming Environmental Payments Policy Guidelines (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264937079 , 9789264438422 , 9789264641495
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Green Growth Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe РЕШЕНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОГО ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ ВОЗДУХА В КАЗАХСТАНЕ: Руководящие принципы реформирования политики в области экологических платежей
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Addressing industrial air pollution in Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Luftverschmutzung ; Industrie ; Umweltabgabe ; Reform ; Kasachstan ; Environment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Taxation ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: Kazakhstan has recorded impressive economic growth rates since its independence, driven mainly by export of commodities and high rate of energy use. These rates are not sustainable and are generating significant air pollution, in particular from industrial stationary sources. This is putting at risk the country’s development ambitions to become one of the top global economies by 2050 and converge towards OECD living standards. Building on OECD previous analysis, this publication shows that Kazakhstan’s environmental payments (environmentally related taxes, non-compliance penalties and compensation for damage regulation) for industrial air pollutants, as currently applied, impede energy efficiency and pollution abatement with heavy-handed non-compliance responses and focus on rising revenues. They also add to the cost of doing businesses in the country with limited environmental benefit. In the spirit of the Polluter-Pays Principle, much more reforms of regulation of environmental payments are needed. This report provides guidelines for reform drawing from air pollution regulations in OECD member countries and the results of the analysis of the system in Kazakhstan carried out by the OECD in close co-operation with the Government of Kazakhstan.
    DOI: 10.1787/0e04ea86-en
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    Skills Matter : Additional Results from the Survey of Adult Skills (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264332829 , 9789264799004 , 9789264811072
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (130 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Skills matter
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Arbeitskräfte ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Algeria ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Canada ; Chile ; Cyprus ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Ecuador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hungary ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Kazakhstan ; Korea, Republic of ; Lithuania ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Peru ; Poland ; Russian Federation ; Singapore ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Turkey ; United Kingdom ; United States ; OECD ; Arbeitnehmer ; Berufliche Qualifikation
    Abstract: In the wake of the technological revolution that began in the last decades of the 20th century, labour-market demand for information-processing and other high-level cognitive and interpersonal skills have been growing substantially. Based on the results from the 33 countries and regions that participated in the 1st and 2nd round of the Survey of Adult Skills in 2011-12 and in 2014-15, this report describes adults’ proficiency in three information-processing skills, and examines how proficiency is related to labour-market and social outcomes. It also places special emphasis on the results from the 3rd and final round of the first cycle of PIAAC in 2017-18, which included 6 countries (Ecuador, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Peru and the United States). The Survey of Adult Skills, a product of the OECD Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), was designed to provide insights into the availability of some of these key skills in society and how they are used at work and at home. The first survey of its kind, it directly measures proficiency in three information-processing skills: literacy, numeracy and problem-solving in technology-rich environments.
    DOI: 10.1787/1f029d8f-en
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    The Survey of Adult Skills : Reader’s Companion, Third Edition (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264523531 , 9789264385139 , 9789264562165
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (132 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The survey of adult skills
    Keywords: Erwachsene ; Qualifikation ; Bildungsniveau ; Erwachsenenbildung ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Canada ; Chile ; Cyprus ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Ecuador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hungary ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Kazakhstan ; Korea, Republic of ; Lithuania ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Peru ; Poland ; Russian Federation ; Singapore ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Turkey ; United Kingdom ; United States ; OECD ; Erwachsener ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Qualifikation
    Abstract: This edition of the Reader’s Companion accompanies Skills Matter: Additional Results from the Survey of Adult Skills that reports the results from the 39 countries and regions that participated in the 3 rounds of data collection in the first cycle of PIAAC, with a particular focus on the 6 countries that participated in the third round of the study (Ecuador, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Peru and the United States). It describes the design and methodology of the survey and its relationship to other international assessments of young students and adults. The Survey of Adult Skills, a product of the OECD Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), was designed to provide insights into the availability of some key skills in society and how they are used at work and at home. The first survey of its kind, it directly measures proficiency in several information-processing skills – namely literacy, numeracy and problem solving in technology-rich environments.
    DOI: 10.1787/f70238c7-en
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    Public Procurement in Kazakhstan : Reforming for Efficiency (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264660762 , 9789264488274 , 9789264321212
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (196 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Государственные закупки в Казахстане: Реформирование системы в целях повышения эффективности
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Public procurement in Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Öffentlicher Auftrag ; Kasachstan ; Governance ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: This publication outlines the substantial progress made in improving Kazakhstan’s procurement system, most notably implementing e-procurement. Drawing on international good practices, the review includes policy recommendations to help the government in Kazakhstan achieve further necessary reforms to meet international standards.
    DOI: 10.1787/c11183ae-en
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  • 40
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    Pensions statistics (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Pensions Statistics
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Albania ; Argentina ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Bolivia ; Brazil ; Bulgaria ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Croatia ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Dominican Republic ; Egypt ; El Salvador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hong Kong, China ; Hungary ; Iceland ; India ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Jamaica ; Japan ; Jordan ; Kazakhstan ; Kenya ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Lesotho ; Liechtenstein ; Luxembourg ; Malaysia ; Malta ; Mauritius ; Mexico ; Namibia ; Nigeria ; North Macedonia ; Pakistan ; Panama ; Peru ; Poland ; Portugal ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Serbia ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Spain ; Suriname ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Thailand ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Türkiye ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Uruguay ; Zambia
    Abstract: This dataset includes pension funds statistics with OECD classifications by type of pension plans and by type of pension funds. All types of plans are included (occupational and personal, mandatory and voluntary). The OECD classification considers both funded and book reserved pension plans that are workplace-based (occupational pension plans) or accessed directly in retail markets (personal pension plans). Both mandatory and voluntary arrangements are included. The data includes plans where benefits are paid by a private sector entity (classified as private pension plans by the OECD) as well as those paid by a funded public sector entity. Data are presented in various measures depending on the variable: millions of national currency, millions of USD, thousands or unit.
    DOI: 10.1787/1bed6ca9-en
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    Pensions indicators (Edition 2019) (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Pensions Statistics
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Albania ; Argentina ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Bolivia ; Brazil ; Bulgaria ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Croatia ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Dominican Republic ; Egypt ; El Salvador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Hong Kong, China ; Hungary ; Iceland ; India ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Jamaica ; Japan ; Jordan ; Kazakhstan ; Kenya ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Liechtenstein ; Luxembourg ; Malaysia ; Malta ; Mauritius ; Mexico ; Namibia ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Nigeria ; North Macedonia ; Norway ; Pakistan ; Panama ; Peru ; Poland ; Portugal ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Serbia ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Spain ; Sri Lanka ; Suriname ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Thailand ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Türkiye ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Uruguay ; Zambia
    Abstract: This dataset comprises statistics pertaining to pensions indicators.It includes indicators such as occupational pension funds’asset as a % of GDP, personal pension funds’ asset as a % of GDP, DC pension plans’assets as a % of total assets. Pension fund and plan types are classified according to the OECD classification. Three dimensions cover this classification: pension plan type, definition type and contract type.
    DOI: 10.1787/5da97052-en
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  • 42
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    REŠENIE PROBLEMY PROMYŠLENNOGO ZAGRJAZNENIJA VOZDUCHA V KAZACHSTANE : Rukovodjaščie principy reformirovanija politiki v oblasti ėkologičeskich platežej (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Title: РЕШЕНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОГО ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ ВОЗДУХА В КАЗАХСТАНЕ : Руководящие принципы реформирования политики в области экологических платежей
    ISBN: 9789264867031 , 9789264460553 , 9789264932913
    Language: Russian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (184 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Addressing Industrial Air Pollution in Kazakhstan: Reforming Environmental Payments Policy Guidelines
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Taxation ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: В Казахстане, с тех пор, как он стал независимым, зафиксированы впечатляющие темпы экономического роста, в основном в результате экспорта биржевых товаров и высокого уровня использования энергии. Эти темпы неустойчивы и создают значительное загрязнение воздуха, особенно из стационарных промышленных источников. Это ставит под угрозу устремления страны в области развития к 2050 году стать одной из ведущих экономик мира и приблизиться по уровню жизни к государствам — членам ОЭСР. В данной публикации, которая опирается на более ранние исследования ОЭСР, показано, что в Казахстане экологические платежи (экологические налоги, взыскания за несоблюдение требований и компенсация экологического ущерба) за промышленные загрязнители воздуха, применяемые в настоящее время, препятствуют энергоэффективности и борьбе с загрязнением жесткими мерами реагирования на несоблюдение требований и сосредоточенностью на привлечении доходов. Кроме того, они увеличивают издержки, связанные с ведением бизнеса в стране, и приносят мало пользы окружающей среде. Необходимо провести дальнейшие серьезные реформы регулирования экологических платежей в духе принципа «загрязнитель платит». В данном отчете представлены руководящие принципы реформ, основанные на положениях о загрязнении воздуха государств — членов ОЭСР и результатах анализа системы Казахстана, который ОЭСР проводила в тесном сотрудничестве с Правительством Казахстана.
    DOI: 10.1787/4a86e63d-ru
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    Nacionalʹnye sčeta zdravoochranenija Respubliki Kazachstan (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Title: Национальные счета здравоохранения Республики Казахстан
    ISBN: 9789264300859
    Language: Russian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (172 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe National Health Accounts of Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: В настоящем отчете дается оценка мер, принимаемых Казахстаном в области разработки и применения национальной системы счетов здравоохранения, предлагаются рекомендации, направленные на повышение информирования о финансировании здравоохранения в стране. По мере достижения Казахстаном значительного экономического прогресса за последние десятилетия, здравоохранение заняло свое место в стратегической программе с учетом ряда реформ в секторе, введенных с целью модернизации системы и улучшения состояния здоровья населения. Информирование о стратегической программе и мониторинг достижения целей системы здравоохранения требуют точных, своевременных и всеобъемлющих данных о финансировании и расходах в здравоохранении. Четкое представление об ассигновании средств и факторах, влияющих на сектор здравоохранения, является необходимым условием для поддержания эффективности системы здравоохранения в Казахстане.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264300859-ru
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    Obzory sistem zdravoochranenija: Kazachstan 2018 (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Title: Обзоры систем здравоохранения: Казахстан 2018
    ISBN: 9789264292895
    Language: Russian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Reviews of Health Systems: Kazakhstan 2018
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: За последние десятилетия Казахстан добился значительных успехов в сфере экономического развития. В политической повестке дня страны все большее внимание уделяется вопросам охраны здоровья. Это связано с реализацией ряда реформ, направленных на модернизацию системы здравоохранения и улучшение здоровья населения. В данном обзоре используются общепризнанные принципы и индикаторы для оценки как системы здравоохранения Казахстана в целом, так и системы первичной медико-санитарной помощи и больничного сектора. Данные, предоставленные Казахстаном, используются для сопоставления различных показателей деятельности с показателями стран ОЭСР. В то время как в обзоре указывается на заметные успехи, достигнутые Казахстаном, по-прежнему остаются нерешенными вопросы, связанные с улучшением доступности и эффективности медицинских услуг, а также обеспечением равного доступа к ним. В докладе указаны ключевые меры, которые в целях повышения эффективности системы здравоохранения Казахстану следует рассмотреть в качестве приоритетов на ближайшие годы.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264292895-ru
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    SME and Entrepreneurship Policy in Kazakhstan 2018 (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264301450
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als SME and entrepreneurship policy in Kazakhstan 2018
    Keywords: 2018 ; KMU ; Unternehmer ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Mittelstandspolitik ; Kasachstan ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Entrepreneurship
    Abstract: The government of Kazakhstan has set an objective to substantially increase the contribution of SMEs and entrepreneurs to employment and value added in the economy. Although there are large numbers of SMEs and entrepreneurs in the country, achieving this growth will require a step change in the productivity of existing SMEs and the emergence of many more medium-sized and growth-oriented firms. This report shows the important achievements of the government in creating a clear vision and structures for SME and entrepreneurship policy, including major improvements in business regulations and through the introduction of the Business Road Map 2020 programme offering direct supports to SMEs and entrepreneurs in areas such as financing and infrastructure. It also highlights the current challenge of doing more to strengthen management capabilities, skills, and innovation in SMEs and new enterprises, and makes a range of specific recommendations for policy actions including further building the incubator and Entrepreneurship Support Centre infrastructure, introducing dedicated support for high-growth potential enterprises, and stimulating supply chain linkages around foreign director investors.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264301450-en
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    Povyšenie roli Šardarinskoj mnogocelevoj vodochozjajstvennoj infrastruktury v Kazachstan (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Title: Повышение роли Шардаринской многоцелевой водохозяйственной инфраструктуры в Казахстан
    ISBN: 9789264310063
    Language: Russian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Strengthening Shardara Multi-Purpose Water Infrastructure in Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Environment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: Вода – ресурс, крайне необходимый для экономического роста, окружающей среды и здоровья человека. Тем не менее, эффективное и результативное управление водными ресурсами является вызовом для правительств многих стран мира. Проблема сложная и многогранная: миллиарды людей не имеют пока доступа к безопасной воде и надлежащему водоотведению; конкуренция за воду между разными видами водопользования и водопользователями растет; и требуются значительные капвложения для поддержания и улучшения водохозяйственных систем, как в странах-членах ОЭСР, так и в других странах. Данная серия исследований ОЭСР по воде содержит анализ водной политики и руководства по экономическому, финансовому и организационному аспектам управления водными ресурсами. Эти аспекты обычно находятся в центре водных проблем и в них содержится ключ к решению сложных задач водной политики. В мире имеется более 8000 крупных систем многоцелевой водохозяйственной инфраструктуры (МЦВИ), которая вносит вклад в экономическое развитие, а также водную, продовольственную и энергетическую безопасность. МЦВИ включают в себя все рукотворные водохозяйственные системы: дамбы, плотины, водохранилища и связанные с ними оросительные каналы и системы водоснабжения. На примере Шардаринской МЦВИ, которая находится в бассейне нижней Сыр-Дарьи в Южно-Казахстанской и Кзыл-ординской областях Казахстана, данный отчет рассматривает варианты и наполнение стратегий инвестирования в МЦВИ, которые обеспечат высокую экономическую отдачу и потенциальную финансовую окупаемость проектов, причем делает это с помощью применения специальной компьютерной модели и на основе изучения опыта 15 различных МЦВИ, расположенных в разных странах мира.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264310063-ru
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    PODDERŽKA ĖKOLOGIČESKI ČISTOGO GORODSKOGO OBŠČESTVENNOGO TRANSPORTA V KAZACHSTANE : PROGRAMMA «ZELENYCH» INVESTICIJ (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Title: ПОДДЕРЖКА ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИ ЧИСТОГО ГОРОДСКОГО ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО ТРАНСПОРТА В КАЗАХСТАНЕ : ПРОГРАММА «ЗЕЛЕНЫХ» ИНВЕСТИЦИЙ
    ISBN: 9789264304574
    Language: Russian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (180 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Promoting Clean Urban Public Transportation and Green Investment in Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Transport ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: В этом докладе рассматриваются основные результаты проекта, касающегося снижения уровня загрязнения воздуха городским общественным транспортом в Казахстане, путем анализа для разработки программы «зеленых» государственных инвестиций в данном секторе. Этот сектор может дать возможность Казахстану решить вопросы государственной политики, связанные с окружающей средой и изменением климата, являющиеся частью государственных целей по переходу к «зеленому» пути экономического развития. Разработанная инвестиционная программа будет также способствовать модернизации автопарка городского общественного транспорта и стимулировать внутренний рынок к переходу на современные автобусы, работающие на экологически чистом топливе. Предусмотрены два этапа реализации программы: первый будет осуществляться в Костанае и Шымкенте, второй будет распространяться на все крупнейшие города в Казахстане. Как ожидается, эти инвестиции приведут в результате к существенному улучшению состояния воздуха.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264304574-ru
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    2017 (2018)
    Astana : JSC Information-Analytic Center
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264289666
    Language: Russian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (350 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Education ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: Политика в области высшего образования является ключевым фактором обучения в течение всей жизни и особенно важна ввиду увеличения доли взрослого населения во многих странах. Высшее образование является основным драйвером экономической конкурентоспособности в условиях глобально расширяющейся экономики знаний, а также способствует социальному единению и благополучию. Страны все больше осознают, что высшим учебным заведениям необходимо развивать навыки, необходимые для поддержки конкурентоспособной исследовательской базы в глобальном масштабе и распространения знаний на благо общества. За последние десять лет система высшего образования Казахстана достигла прогресса. Тем не менее, существуют возможности для обеспечения рынка труда необходимыми навыками и поддержки экономического роста через исследования и инновации. При изучении системы высшего образования в Казахстане настоящий доклад основывается на совместном обзоре ОЭСР/Всемирного банка 2007 года «Обзор национальной политики в области образования: высшее образование в Казахстане 2007 год». В каждой главе представлен анализ результатов, достигнутых за последнее десятилетие в основных областях, рассмотренных в Страновом обзоре за 2007 год. Страновой обзор включает главы по качеству и актуальности, доступности и равенству, интернационализации, научно-исследовательской и инновационной деятельности, финансированию и управлению. В Страновом обзоре также рассматриваются ответные политические меры на прогрессирующую динамику высшего образования и более широкие социально-экономические изменения.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264289666-ru
    URL: Volltext
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    National Health Accounts of Kazakhstan (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264289604
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (152 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Systems
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Национальные счета здравоохранения Республики Казахстан
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als National health accounts of Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitskosten ; Gesundheitsfinanzierung ; Gesundheitsökonomik ; Kasachstan ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: This report assesses how Kazakhstan measures up in the development and application of its national health accounts, delivering a set of recommendations to improve the country’s health care financing information. As Kazakhstan has made significant economic progress over recent decades, health has risen on the policy agenda with a number of sector reforms introduced to modernise the system and improve the health of the population. Informing this agenda and monitoring progress towards health system goals requires accurate, timely and comprehensive information on health care financing and spending. A clear understanding of the resource allocations and drivers in the health sector is a prerequisite to support health system performance in Kazakhstan.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264289604-en
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  • 50
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    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Kazakhstan 2018 (Second Round) : Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264302792
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (132 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Kazakhstan 2018 (second round)
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Kasachstan ; Taxation ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: This report contains the 2018 Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of Kazakhstan.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264302792-en
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    Benchmarking Civil Service Reform in Kazakhstan (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264288096
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Benchmarking civil service reform in Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Öffentlicher Dienst ; Reform ; Benchmarking ; Kasachstan ; Governance ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: Civil service modernisation is a key priority in Kazakhstan. This report uses the OECD's Survey on Strategic Human Resource Management (HRM) in central governments to examine how Kazakhstan’s practices compare against OECD countries in several strategic areas. It explores how Kazakhstan is looking at skills and competencies throughout the employment cycle; how performance and pay systems contribute to improving public service quality, accessibility and responsiveness; and the role leaders and managers play in the reform implementation process. The report suggests areas for further improvement to help Kazakhstan develop a professional, strategic and innovative civil service.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264288096-en
    URL: Volltext
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    Strengthening Shardara Multi-Purpose Water Infrastructure in Kazakhstan (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264289628
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Повышение роли Шардаринской многоцелевой водохозяйственной инфраструктуры в Казахстан
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Strengthening Shardara multi-purpose water infrastructure in Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Wasserpolitik ; Infrastrukturpolitik ; Kasachstan ; Environment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: More than 8 000 large multi-purpose water infrastructures (MPWIs) around the world contribute to economic development, as well as water, food and energy security, encompassing all human-made water systems including dams, dykes, reservoirs and associated irrigation canals and water supply networks. Focused on the specific case of the Shardara MPWI located in Low Syr-Darya Basin, South Kazakhstan and Kyzyl-Orda oblasts (provinces) of Kazakhstan, this report looks at the choice and design of MPWI investment strategies that ensure a high economic return on investments and potential bankability, based on application of a computer model and lessons learned from 15 international MPWI case studies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264289628-en
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    OECD Reviews of Health Systems: Kazakhstan 2018 (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264289062
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Systems
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Обзоры систем здравоохранения: Казахстан 2018
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of health systems
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Kasachstan ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Gesundheitspolitik
    Abstract: Kazakhstan has made significant economic progress over recent decades. Health has risen on the policy agenda with a number of sector reforms introduced to modernise the system and improve the health of the population. This review uses globally recognised frameworks and indicators to evaluate Kazakhstan’s overall health system as well as its primary care and hospital sectors. Data provided by Kazakhstan is used to benchmark the various dimensions of performance with that of OECD countries. While the review points to notable successes, Kazakhstan continues to face challenges to improve the accessibility, equity, and efficiency of health services. To strengthen health system performance, the report points to key actions that Kazakhstan should consider prioritising in the coming years.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264289062-en
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    Pensions statistics (Edition 2018) (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Pensions Statistics
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Albania ; Argentina ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Bolivia ; Brazil ; Bulgaria ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Croatia ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Dominican Republic ; Egypt ; El Salvador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hong Kong, China ; Hungary ; Iceland ; India ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Jamaica ; Japan ; Jordan ; Kazakhstan ; Kenya ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Lesotho ; Liechtenstein ; Luxembourg ; Malaysia ; Malta ; Mauritius ; Mexico ; Namibia ; Nigeria ; North Macedonia ; Pakistan ; Panama ; Peru ; Poland ; Portugal ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Serbia ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Spain ; Suriname ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Thailand ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Türkiye ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Uruguay ; Zambia
    Abstract: This dataset includes pension funds statistics with OECD classifications by type of pension plans and by type of pension funds. All types of plans are included (occupational and personal, mandatory and voluntary). The OECD classification considers both funded and book reserved pension plans that are workplace-based (occupational pension plans) or accessed directly in retail markets (personal pension plans). Both mandatory and voluntary arrangements are included. The data includes plans where benefits are paid by a private sector entity (classified as private pension plans by the OECD) as well as those paid by a funded public sector entity. Data are presented in various measures depending on the variable: millions of national currency, millions of USD, thousands or unit.
    DOI: 10.1787/db4e6e35-en
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  • 55
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    Pensions indicators (Edition 2018) (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Pensions Statistics
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Albania ; Argentina ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Bolivia ; Brazil ; Bulgaria ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Croatia ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Dominican Republic ; Egypt ; El Salvador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Hong Kong, China ; Hungary ; Iceland ; India ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Jamaica ; Japan ; Jordan ; Kazakhstan ; Kenya ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Liechtenstein ; Luxembourg ; Malaysia ; Malta ; Mauritius ; Mexico ; Namibia ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Nigeria ; North Macedonia ; Norway ; Pakistan ; Panama ; Peru ; Poland ; Portugal ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Serbia ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Spain ; Sri Lanka ; Suriname ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Thailand ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Türkiye ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Uruguay ; Zambia
    Abstract: This dataset comprises statistics pertaining to pensions indicators.It includes indicators such as occupational pension funds’asset as a % of GDP, personal pension funds’ asset as a % of GDP, DC pension plans’assets as a % of total assets. Pension fund and plan types are classified according to the OECD classification. Three dimensions cover this classification: pension plan type, definition type and contract type.
    DOI: 10.1787/1c0a9cb8-en
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    Building Inclusive Labour Markets in Kazakhstan : A Focus on Youth, Older Workers and People with Disabilities (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264273023
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Building inclusive labour markets in Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarktintegration ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Kasachstan ; Employment ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Wirtschaft ; Arbeitsmarkt
    Abstract: Kazakhstan has made major economic and social advances in the past decade and a half. Yet, Kazakhstan needs to sustain high growth rates in the future to converge towards the living standards of OECD countries. This report provides a review of the labour market and social policies that could help Kazakhstan in its dual objectives of building more inclusive labour markets, while maintaining a path of strong growth. It explores the role that institutions and policies play in helping vulnerable groups to access gainful and productive jobs, particularly focusing on three key groups: youth, older workers, and people with disabilities, and provides a comprehensive set of policies to increase the employment and employability of these groups. Evaluations and lessons from innovative experiences in OECD and other countries are used to formulate recommendations tailored to Kazakhstan.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264273023-en
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    OECD Integrity Scan of Kazakhstan : Preventing Corruption for a Competitive Economy (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264272880
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD integrity scan of Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Öffentlicher Sektor ; Öffentliche Verwaltung ; Anti-Korruption ; Governance-Ansatz ; Kasachstan ; Governance ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Integrität ; Wirtschaft ; Korruption
    Abstract: This report looks at how to curb corruption and build a more competitive economy in the Republic of Kazakhstan by assessing four crucial factors: governance, prevention, detection, and prosecution and recovery. In its analysis, it draws on good international practices as well as OECD instruments and tools in 15 policy areas: regulatory governance, competition policy, public financial management, development co-operation, public sector integrity, public procurement, tax administration and transparency, export credits, lobbying, whistleblower protection, business sector integrity, criminalising bribery, civil society, and media. The report provides recommendations for improving Kazakhstan’s laws and policies as well as effectively implementing them in each of these areas.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264272880-en
    URL: Volltext
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    Towards an Open Government in Kazakhstan (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264279384
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Towards an open government in Kazakhstan
    Keywords: E-Government ; Kasachstan ; Governance ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: The government of Kazakhstan has shown a strong commitment to enhancing transparency, accountability and participation in the policy-making process, and has taken important steps towards implementing open government. However, further efforts are need to ensure the success and long-term sustainability of Kazakhstan’s open government reforms. This review provides an overview of the cultural, economic, historical and political context for open government reforms. It examines ongoing efforts, identifies the remaining challenges and assesses the measures put in place by Kazakhstan’s authorities to address them in order to translate the reforms into tangible results. Finally, the report looks at the environment for effective citizen engagement and its potential to improve service delivery and policy making. It provides recommendations for concrete actions Kazakhstan can take to fully implement open government reforms.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264279384-en
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    OECD Urban Policy Reviews: Kazakhstan (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264268852
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (232 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Urban Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Urban Policy Reviews: Kazakhstan: (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD urban policy reviews
    Keywords: Kommunalpolitik ; Urbanisierung ; Kasachstan ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Kazakhstan ; Bericht ; Kasachstan ; Regionalpolitik
    Abstract: Urbanisation is an important condition for economic development, but must be managed effectively if cities are to realise their potential as engines of national growth. This report provides a comprehensive assessment of Kazakhstan’s urban policies in terms of economic, social and environmental impact. It analyses how national spatial planning for urban regions, along with specific sectoral policies, affect urban development directly and indirectly. It also looks at specific issues such as housing, public utilities, urban transport, and migration. The review assesses the efficiency and effectiveness of current urban governance arrangements, and makes recommendations for steps Kazakhstan can take to develop an attractive and well-managed system of large and medium-sized cities that can help it achieve its development objectives.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264268852-en
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    OECD Territorial Reviews: Kazakhstan (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264269439
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (176 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Kazakhstan 2017
    Keywords: Wirtschaftslage ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Regionalpolitik ; Kasachstan ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Kazakhstan ; Bericht ; Kasachstan ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Abstract: Kazakhstan has experienced a long period of high and sustained economic growth, largely driven by oil and gas exports. However, the drop in 2014 of the international price of oil highlighted the risks of dependence on natural resource activities. Kazakhstan must diversify its economic base to ensure that it can continue to “catch up” and move into higher value-added goods and services. This review looks at how a modern approach to regional development can help Kazakhstan by mobilising the growth potential of different parts of the economy and territory, supporting economic diversification and reducing regional inequalities.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264269439-en
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    Decentralisation and Multi-level Governance in Kazakhstan (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264280700
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (128 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Decentralisation and multi-level governance in Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Dezentralisierung ; Kommunale Selbstverwaltung ; Kasachstan ; Governance ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: This review examines the reforms undertaken by the government of Kazakhstan in the area of public governance and evaluates their impact on the powers and responsibilities of subnational levels of government. It places particular emphasis on finding the right allocation of roles and responsibilities among different levels of government, and on using decentralisation as a means to increase self-reliance, civic participation, accountability, and enhanced capacity at the local level. The report also offers a number of recommendations for further strengthening the role of local executive bodies and democratising some aspects of local government.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264280700-en
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    Multi-dimensional Review of Kazakhstan : Volume 2. In-depth Analysis and Recommendations (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264269200 , 9789264269217 , 9789264294981
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Pathways
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Multi-dimensional review of Kazakhstan ; volume 2: In-depth analysis and recommendations
    Keywords: Entwicklung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Kasachstan ; Development ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: Kazakhstan has embarked upon an ambitious reform agenda to realise its aspiration of becoming one of the top 30 global economies by 2050. The country’s economy and society have undergone deep transformations since independence. To sustain economic progress, overcome recent difficulties, and drive improvements in well-being to realise its aspirations, Kazakhstan will need to address a number of challenges to ensure its economy becomes more productive and diverse, and is sufficiently flexible and resilient in the face of an ever-shifting external environment. This next stage of economic transformation will require continuing reforms. This report discusses policy actions to address four key obstacles to development in Kazakhstan, identified in Volume 1 of this review. It presents in-depth analysis and recommendations to improve the economy’s resilience through diversification, to mobilise financing for development, to transform the role of the state in the economy, including through privatisation, and to improve the effectiveness of environmental regulations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264269200-en
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    Towards a More Effective, Strategic and Accountable State in Kazakhstan (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264284005
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (96 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Towards a more effective, strategic and accountable state in Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Good Governance ; Politische Reform ; Politisches System ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Kasachstan ; Governance ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Politische Reform ; Politisches System ; Good Governance
    Abstract: This review examines the recent reforms undertaken by the government of Kazakhstan in the area of public governance and evaluates their impact on the effectiveness, strategic capacity and accountability of the state. The review places particular emphasis on strategic planning, policy and programme evaluation, risk management, devolution and functional reviews, privatisation and the oversight of state-owned enterprises – all areas in which the government has taken or considered significant initiatives. The report offers a number of recommendations for further progress towards an effective, strategic and accountable state.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264284005-en
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    OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Kazakhstan 2017 (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264270008
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (216 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Governance ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: Kazakhstan is aware of the importance of innovation for its socio-economic development, including the diversification of its resource-based economy. Since the start of the millennium, Kazakhstan has put in place key components of a modern research and innovation system. This has helped improve scientific output and resulted in some successes in technology commercialisation. Further commitment and effort will be needed to strengthen innovation capabilities and make the most of Kazakhstan‘s advantages. This requires further reforms in order, notably, to strengthen the funding model of universities, intensify and broaden knowledge transfer, improve the governance of the research and innovation system, and increase the effectiveness of innovation incentives and policies, with a focus on implementation and evaluation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264270008-en
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  • 65
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    Promoting Clean Urban Public Transportation and Green Investment in Kazakhstan (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264279643
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (152 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Green Finance and Investment
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe ПОДДЕРЖКА ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИ ЧИСТОГО ГОРОДСКОГО ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО ТРАНСПОРТА В КАЗАХСТАНЕ: ПРОГРАММА «ЗЕЛЕНЫХ» ИНВЕСТИЦИЙ
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Promoting clean urban public transportation and green investment in Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Mobilität ; Öffentlicher Nahverkehr ; Investitionspolitik ; Umweltpolitik ; Kasachstan ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Transport ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Öffentlicher Personennahverkehr ; Investitionspolitik ; Umweltpolitik
    Abstract: This report discusses the main results of a project on how to reduce air pollution from urban public transport in Kazakhstan, by providing an analysis for designing a green public investment programme in this sector. This sector represents an opportunity for Kazakhstan to address key objectives in its environmental and climate-related policies as part of the country’s ambitions to transition to a green economic path of development. The investment programme is also designed to support the modernisation of the urban transport fleet in the country and stimulate the domestic market to shift to modern buses powered by clean fuels. The programme is foreseen to be implemented in two phases: the first covers the cities of Kostanay and Shymkent and the second, all major urban centres in Kazakhstan. These investments are expected to result in significant air improvement.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264279643-en
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    OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Kazakhstan 2017 (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264269606 , 9789264269613 , 9789264297739
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (324 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD investment policy reviews
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Kasachstan ; Finance and Investment ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Wirtschaft
    Abstract: This review, which was prepared in response to Kazakhstan's 2012 request to adhere to the Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises (OECD Declaration), analyses the general framework for investment as well as most recent reforms, and shows where further efforts are necessary. It assesses Kazakhstan’s ability to comply with the principles of openness, transparency and non-discrimination and its policy convergence with the OECD Declaration, including responsible business conduct practices. Capitalising on the OECD Policy Framework for Investment, this review studies other policy areas that are of key relevance to investment such as SME policy, infrastructure development, trade policy as well as anti-corruption efforts. Since the first review of Kazakhstan, in 2012, the authorities have made strides in opening the country to international investment and in improving the policy framework for investment as part of their efforts to diversify the economy to avoid continued overreliance on oil. Additional policy measures are nevertheless required to create a stimulating environment for investment if the government wants to fulfil its goal of economic diversification and sustainable development.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264269606-en
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  • 67
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    Higher Education in Kazakhstan 2017 (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264268944 , 9789264268531 , 9789264294905
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (288 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Reviews of National Policies for Education
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Высшее Образование в Казахстане 2017
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Higher education in Kazakhstan 2017
    Keywords: Hochschule ; Hochschulpolitik ; Kasachstan ; Education ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Bildung
    Abstract: Higher education policy is the key to lifelong learning and this is particularly important as the ageing population is increasing in many countries. It is a major driver of economic competitiveness in an increasingly knowledge-driven global economy and it also brings social cohesion and well-being. Countries are increasingly aware that higher education institutions need to foster the skills required to sustain a globally competitive research base and improve knowledge dissemination to the benefit of society. Kazakhstan’s higher education system has made progress over the past ten years. However, there is scope for improvement in delivering labour-market relevant skills to Kazakhstanis, and in supporting economic growth through research and innovation. In examining the higher education system in Kazakhstan, this report builds on a 2007 joint OECD/World Bank review: Reviews of National Policies for Education: Higher Education in Kazakhstan 2007. Each chapter presents an overview of progress made in the past decade across the main areas explored in the 2007 report. These include quality and relevance, access and equity, internationalisation, research and innovation, financing and governance. The report also examines policy responses to evolving dynamics in higher education and the wider socio-economic changes.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264268531-en
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  • 68
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    Gender Policy Delivery in Kazakhstan (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264280359
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (136 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Gender policy delivery in Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Gleichstellungspolitik ; Kasachstan ; Governance ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Geschlechterpolitik
    Abstract: Kazakhstan has made important gains in gender equality over the past decade, but gaps still remain. This OECD Review of Gender Policy Delivery in Kazakhstan comes at a moment when Kazakhstan is developing a new Gender Equality and Family Policy up to 2030 which seeks to enable equality of rights, benefits, responsibilities, and opportunities for men and women in all areas of social life, and eliminate all forms of gender discrimination. This review examines the institutional, policy-making and accountability frameworks for advancing and sustaining gender equality and mainstreaming initiatives. It provides actionable policy recommendations based on international good practice and the highest standards of performance, with a view to supporting Kazakhstan’s new policy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264280359-en
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  • 69
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    OECD Urban Policy Reviews: Kazakhstan : (Russian version) (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264274624
    Language: Russian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (276 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Urban Policy Reviews: Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: Урбанизация является важным условием для экономического развития, но Казахстану необходимо более эффективно управлять этим процессом, чтобы города смогли полностью раскрыть свой потенциал и стать движущей силой экономического роста. В настоящем обзоре содержится комплексная оценка государственных политик Казахстана по развитию городов, с учётом экономических, социальных и экологических аспектов. Анализируется влияние национального пространственного планирования на развитие городов, наряду с конкретными отраслевыми политиками, которые также оказывают прямое и косвенное воздействие на их развитие. В частности, Обзор рассматривает ряд конкретных вопросов, таких как жилищная проблема, коммунальные услуги, городской транспорт и миграции. В Обзоре дается оценка результативности и эффективности существующих механизмов управления городами. На этой основе формулируются конкретные рекомендации Казахстану с тем, чтобы развивать привлекательную и хорошо управляемую систему крупных и средних городов, которая способствовала бы достижению долгосрочных целей социально-экономического развития страны.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264274624-ru
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  • 70
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    Pensions indicators (Edition 2017) (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Pensions Statistics
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Albania ; Argentina ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Bolivia ; Brazil ; Bulgaria ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Croatia ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Dominican Republic ; Egypt ; El Salvador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Hong Kong, China ; Hungary ; Iceland ; India ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Jamaica ; Japan ; Jordan ; Kazakhstan ; Kenya ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Liechtenstein ; Luxembourg ; Malaysia ; Malta ; Mauritius ; Mexico ; Namibia ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Nigeria ; North Macedonia ; Norway ; Pakistan ; Panama ; Peru ; Poland ; Portugal ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Serbia ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Spain ; Sri Lanka ; Suriname ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Thailand ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Türkiye ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Uruguay ; Zambia
    Abstract: This dataset comprises statistics pertaining to pensions indicators.It includes indicators such as occupational pension funds’asset as a % of GDP, personal pension funds’ asset as a % of GDP, DC pension plans’assets as a % of total assets. Pension fund and plan types are classified according to the OECD classification. Three dimensions cover this classification: pension plan type, definition type and contract type.
    DOI: 10.1787/39ba4905-en
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  • 71
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    Pensions statistics (Edition 2017) (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Pensions Statistics
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Albania ; Argentina ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Bolivia ; Brazil ; Bulgaria ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Croatia ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Dominican Republic ; Egypt ; El Salvador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hong Kong, China ; Hungary ; Iceland ; India ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Jamaica ; Japan ; Jordan ; Kazakhstan ; Kenya ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Lesotho ; Liechtenstein ; Luxembourg ; Malaysia ; Malta ; Mauritius ; Mexico ; Namibia ; Nigeria ; North Macedonia ; Pakistan ; Panama ; Peru ; Poland ; Portugal ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Serbia ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Spain ; Suriname ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Thailand ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Türkiye ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Uruguay ; Zambia
    Abstract: This dataset includes pension funds statistics with OECD classifications by type of pension plans and by type of pension funds. All types of plans are included (occupational and personal, mandatory and voluntary). The OECD classification considers both funded and book reserved pension plans that are workplace-based (occupational pension plans) or accessed directly in retail markets (personal pension plans). Both mandatory and voluntary arrangements are included. The data includes plans where benefits are paid by a private sector entity (classified as private pension plans by the OECD) as well as those paid by a funded public sector entity. Data are presented in various measures depending on the variable: millions of national currency, millions of USD, thousands or unit.
    DOI: 10.1787/8bbeeca5-en
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  • 72
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    Boosting Kazakhstan's National Intellectual Property System for Innovation (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264260955
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (176 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Boosting Kazakhstan's national intellectual property system for innovation
    Keywords: Immaterialgüterrechte ; IP-Management ; Innovation ; Kasachstan ; Science and Technology ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: National intellectual property (IP) systems can play a pivotal role in fostering innovation and knowledge diffusion. This report analyses Kazakhstan’s IP system with regards to its support of the country’s innovation performance. In particular, it assesses the organisation and governance of Kazakhstan's IP system as well as the needs and challenges faced by different groups of actual and potential IP users – ranging from universities and public research institutions to state-owned enterprises and small businesses. The review provides a comprehensive set of statistics describing the use of IP in Kazakhstan in recent years, identifies the system’s strengths and weaknesses, and presents a range of specific policy recommendations to address existing challenges.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264260955-en
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    Sustainable Business Models for Water Supply and Sanitation in Small Towns and Rural Settlements in Kazakhstan (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264249400
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (84 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Sustainable Business Models for Water Supply and Sanitation in Small Towns and Rural Settlements in Kazakhstan: (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sustainable business models for water supply and sanitation in small towns and rural settlements in Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Wasserversorgung ; Abwasserwirtschaft ; Geschäftsmodell ; Kleinstadt ; Ländlicher Raum ; Kasachstan ; Environment ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Trinkwasserversorgung ; Abwasserbeseitigung ; Geschäftsmodell ; Kleinstadt ; Ländlicher Raum
    Abstract: This report assesses the Republic of Kazakhstan’s significant efforts to improve water supply and sanitation (WSS) services over the past 15 years, notably in terms of ambitious target-setting, implementation of a sound water tariff policy, and significant investment in the rehabilitation and development of relevant infrastructure. Generally speaking, the absence of updated data on WSS institutional development is a limiting factor for further policy and programme development in the field, including in Kazakhstan. The monitoring and evaluation system proposed in this report aims to help assess progress in the WSS sector and serve as a basis for any necessary corrective measures.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264249400-en
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  • 74
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    Multi-dimensional Review of Kazakhstan : Volume 1. Initial Assessment (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264246768 , 9789264250925
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Pathways
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Multi-dimensional review of Kazakhstan ; Volume 1: Initial assessment
    Keywords: Development ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Sozioökonomischer Wandel
    Abstract: Kazakhstan’s economy and society have undergone deep transformations since the country declared independence in 1991. Kazakhstan’s growth performance since 2000 has been impressive, averaging almost 8% per annum in real terms and leading to job creation and progress in the well-being of its citizens. Extractive industries play an important role in the dynamism of the economy, but sources of growth beyond natural resource sectors remain underexploited. In the social arena, dimensions of well-being beyond incomes and jobs have not kept pace with economic growth. Kazakhstan has set itself the goal of becoming one of the 30 most developed countries in the world by 2050. To sustain rapid, inclusive and sustainable growth and social progress, Kazakhstan will need to overcome a number of significant challenges. Natural-resource dependency, the concentration of economic clout and a fragile and underdeveloped financial sector limit diversification and economic dynamism. Widespread corruption still affects multiple state functions, undermines the business environment, meritocracy and entrepreneurial spirit. More generally, the state has limited capacity to fulfil some of its functions, which affects the delivery of public services like health and education, as well as the protection of the environment and the generation of skills.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264246768-en
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    OECD Reviews of School Resources: Kazakhstan 2015 : (Russian version) (2016)
    Astana : JSC Information-Analytic Center
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264250994
    Language: Russian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (238 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of School Resources; Kazakhstan 2015
    Keywords: Education ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: Эффективное использование школьных ресурсов является приоритетной политикой в странах ОЭСР. В Страновом обзоре ОЭСР: Эффективность использования ресурсов в школах раскрываются возможности управления, распределения, использования и менеджмента ресурсов для повышения качества, равенства и эффективности школьного образования. Данный выпуск Обзора учитывает в анализе четыре типа ресурсов: финансовые ресурсы: например, государственное финансирование школ; человеческие ресурсы: учителя, школьные директора, работники отделов и управлений образования; материально-технические ресурсы: месторасположение, здания школ и их оснащение, а также другие ресурсы такие как количество учебных часов. Этот Обзор предоставляет своевременные рекомендации органам управления и образовательному сообществу. Серия публикаций по данному проекту включает страновые отчеты и тематические сборники. Содержание Глава 1. Школьное образование в Казахстане Глава 2. Управление использованием школьных ресурсов в Казахстане Глава 3. Распределение школьных ресурсов в Казахстане Глава 4. Использование школьных ресурсов в Казахстане Глава 5. Менеджмент школьных ресурсов в Казахстане
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264250994-ru
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  • 76
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    Sustainable Business Models for Water Supply and Sanitation in Small Towns and Rural Settlements in Kazakhstan : (Russian version) (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264257061
    Language: Russian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (84 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sustainable Business Models for Water Supply and Sanitation in Small Towns and Rural Settlements in Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Environment ; Kazakhstan
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264257061-ru
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  • 77
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    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes Peer Reviews: Kazakhstan 2015 : Phase 1: Legal and Regulatory Framework (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264233560
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews: Kazakhstan 2015
    DDC: 343.04
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Kasachstan ; Taxation ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 120 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264233560-en
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    OECD Reviews of School Resources: Kazakhstan 2015 (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264245891 , 9789264246041
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of School Resources
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Pons, Anna OECD reviews of school resources
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Pons, Anna OECD reviews of school resources
    Keywords: Bildungswesen ; Humankapital ; Allgemeinbildende Schule ; Schulpolitik ; Kasachstan ; Education ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Schulpolitik ; Schulentwicklung ; Schulverwaltung
    Abstract: The effective use of school resources is a policy priority across OECD countries. The OECD Reviews of School Resources explore how resources can be governed, distributed, utilised and managed to improve the quality, equity and efficiency of school education. The series considers four types of resources: financial resources, such as public funding of individual schools; human resources, such as teachers, school leaders, education administrators; physical resources, such as location, buildings and equipment, and other resources such as learning time. This series will offer timely policy advice to both governments and the education community. It will include both country reports and thematic studies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264245891-en
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  • 79
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    Pensions indicators (Edition 2015) (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Pensions Statistics
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Albania ; Argentina ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Bolivia ; Brazil ; Bulgaria ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Croatia ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Dominican Republic ; Egypt ; El Salvador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Hong Kong, China ; Hungary ; Iceland ; India ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Jamaica ; Japan ; Jordan ; Kazakhstan ; Kenya ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Liechtenstein ; Luxembourg ; Malaysia ; Malta ; Mauritius ; Mexico ; Namibia ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Nigeria ; North Macedonia ; Norway ; Pakistan ; Panama ; Peru ; Poland ; Portugal ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Serbia ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Spain ; Sri Lanka ; Suriname ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Thailand ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Türkiye ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Uruguay ; Zambia
    Abstract: This dataset comprises statistics pertaining to pensions indicators.It includes indicators such as occupational pension funds’asset as a % of GDP, personal pension funds’ asset as a % of GDP, DC pension plans’assets as a % of total assets. Pension fund and plan types are classified according to the OECD classification. Three dimensions cover this classification: pension plan type, definition type and contract type.
    DOI: 10.1787/a762332c-en
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  • 80
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    Pensions statistics (Edition 2015) (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Pensions Statistics
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Albania ; Argentina ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Bolivia ; Brazil ; Bulgaria ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Croatia ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Dominican Republic ; Egypt ; El Salvador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hong Kong, China ; Hungary ; Iceland ; India ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Jamaica ; Japan ; Jordan ; Kazakhstan ; Kenya ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Lesotho ; Liechtenstein ; Luxembourg ; Malaysia ; Malta ; Mauritius ; Mexico ; Namibia ; Nigeria ; North Macedonia ; Pakistan ; Panama ; Peru ; Poland ; Portugal ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Serbia ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Spain ; Suriname ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Thailand ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Türkiye ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Uruguay ; Zambia
    Abstract: This dataset includes pension funds statistics with OECD classifications by type of pension plans and by type of pension funds. All types of plans are included (occupational and personal, mandatory and voluntary). The OECD classification considers both funded and book reserved pension plans that are workplace-based (occupational pension plans) or accessed directly in retail markets (personal pension plans). Both mandatory and voluntary arrangements are included. The data includes plans where benefits are paid by a private sector entity (classified as private pension plans by the OECD) as well as those paid by a funded public sector entity. Data are presented in various measures depending on the variable: millions of national currency, millions of USD, thousands or unit.
    DOI: 10.1787/f59da966-en
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  • 81
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    Regulatory Policy in Kazakhstan : Towards Improved Implementation (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264214255
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (99 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Regulatory policy in Kazakhstan
    DDC: 338.542
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Kasachstan ; Governance ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: This review assesses regulatory management in Kazakhstan. It provides concrete recommendations on strategies, institutions and tools to improve the quality of the regulatory environment in Kazakhstan.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264214255-en
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    Kazakhstan: Review of the Central Administration (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264224605
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (330 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Regierung ; Governance-Ansatz ; Verwaltungsreform ; Kasachstan ; Governance ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Verwaltungsreform
    Abstract: This review examines the functioning, structure and organisation of the central government and line ministries in Kazakhstan, as well as their capacities to implement national objectives and priorities, outlined in the Kazakhstan’s Vision 2050. It also focuses on tools, strategic management and accountability frameworks in the Government of Kazakhstan, in line with the strategic management principles outlined in the General Approaches to Modernization of Public Administration of Kazakhstan by 2020.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264224605-en
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    Secondary education in Kazakhstan (2014)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264205215
    Language: English
    Pages: 368 S.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Reviews of national policies for education
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Secondary education in Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Weiterführende Schule ; Kasachstan ; Education ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Sekundarstufe ; Schulreform ; Evaluation
    Abstract: This report evaluates the education reform agenda of Kazakhstan – its feasibility and focus – by taking stock of present-day strengths and weaknesses of the secondary education system. The report also provides guidance on adjusting the reform implementation plans in line with international experiences and best practices regarding educational change, and consolidates much of the previously dispersed (national) data on primary and secondary schools in Kazakhstan into a common analytical base of evidence, validated by the education authorities. Chapter 1 of this report provides an overview of the country, it education system and reform plans. Subsequent chapters provide analysis of and recommendations on equity and effectiveness of schooling; assessment and evaluation practices; policies for teachers and principals; expenditure patterns and financing mechanisms; vocational education and training; and a summary of the recommendations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264205208-en
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  • 84
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    OECD Review of Agricultural Policies: Kazakhstan 2013 (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264191761
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Review of Agricultural Policies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Review of Agricultural Policies; Kazakhstan 2013; (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD review of agricultural policies
    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Kasachstan ; Agriculture and Food ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Agrarpolitik
    Abstract: This Review, undertaken in close co-operation with the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan and conducted within the framework of the OECD Eurasia Competitiveness Programme, assesses the performance of agriculture in Kazakhstan over the last two decades. It evaluates agricultural policy reforms in Kazakhstan and provides recommendations to address key challenges in the future. This analysis is based on the approach that agriculture policy should be evidence-based and designed to support productivity, competitiveness and sustainable development, while avoiding unnecessary distortions to production decisions and to trade. A special chapter of the Review highlights the constraints to farm incomes that exist beyond the farm gate and related policy issues.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264191761-en
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  • 85
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    OECD Review of Agricultural Policies: Kazakhstan 2013 : (Russian version) (2013)
    Astana : Analytical Centre for Economic Policy in the Agricultural Sector, Kazakhstan
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264202443
    Language: Russian
    Pages: Online-Ressource , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Review of Agricultural Policies; Kazakhstan 2013
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: OECD Review of Agricultural Policies: Kazakhstan 2013
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Kazakhstan
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264202443-ru
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  • 86
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    Agricultural support estimates (Edition 2013) (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Agriculture Statistics
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Estimations du soutien agricole (Édition 2013)
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Australia ; Brazil ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; European Union ; Iceland ; Indonesia ; Israel ; Japan ; Kazakhstan ; Korea, Republic of ; Mexico ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Russian Federation ; South Africa ; Switzerland ; Türkiye ; Ukraine ; United States
    Abstract: This dataset is a complement to the "Agricultural Policy Monitoring and Evaluation 2013" publication. It shows estimates of agricultural support for OECD countries as well as some non-member economies. These summary tables, designed specifically to monitor and evaluate the level and composition of agricultural policy support, focus on: - Producer Support Estimate (PSE), representing transfers granted to producers individually; - General Service Support Estimate (GSSE), representing transfers granted to producers collectively, i.e. services that benefit agriculture but whose initial incidence is not at the level of individual farmers; - Consumer Support Estimate (CSE), representing transfers granted to consumers. The CSE is almost always negative because transfers from consumers due to market price support policies outweigh any consumption subsidies from taxpayers that might be granted to consumers. - Total Support Estimate (TSE), representing the sum of the three above-mentioned components, adjusted for double-counting given that some market price transfers are accounted for in both the PSE and CSE. The value of those transfers are further analyzed by looking at their relative share in agricultural support, in agricultural economy and in the economy as a whole, together with other indicators such as Nominal Assistance Coefficient (NAC) and Nominal Protection Coefficient (NPC).
    DOI: 10.1787/data-00675-en
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  • 87
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    Competitiveness and Private Sector Development: Kazakhstan 2010 : Sector Competitiveness Strategy (Russian version) (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264167476
    Language: Russian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Competitiveness and Private Sector Development; Kazakhstan 2010; Sector Competitiveness Strategy
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Competitiveness and Private Sector Development: Kazakhstan 2010; Sector Competitiveness Strategy
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: С 2000 года рост экономики Республики Казахстан увеличивался в среднем на 8-9% в год, что позволило стране войти в десятку самых быстроразвивающихся государств в мире. Казахстан привлекает больше прямых иностранных инвестиций, чем все остальные страны Центральной Азии вместе взятые. До сих пор высокие экономические показатели страны обеспечивались, главным образом, добывающей промышленностью. В нефтегазовую отрасль уходят три четверти всех иностранных инвестиций, поступающих в страну. Однако благодаря определ èнным конкурентным преимуществам новыми источниками роста могут стать неэнергетические отрасли экономики Казахастана. В 2009 году Казахстан приступил к реализации масштабной программы диверсификации источников прямых иностранных инвестиций. С этой целью правительство обратилось к ОЭСР с просьбой о проведении Обзора отраслевой конкурентоспособности. В настоящем докладе, представляющем первую стадию реализации проекта, содержится оценка и излагается стратегия повышения конкурентоспособности неэнергетических отраслей экономики Казахстана, в том числе агропромышленного комплекса, агрохимии, логистики, сектора деловых услуг и информационных технологий. Несмотря на то что правительство страны успешно провело первый этап реформ, направленных на создание благоприятного делового климата, государству рекомендуется устранить основные политические барьеры, препятствующие развитию рассмотренных отраслей. Так, для улучшения качества продукции и модернизации производства необходимо принять меры по обеспечению доступа к финансированию, привлечению современных предприятий розничной торговли и повышению квалификации персонала. Настоящий обзор был подготовлен в рамках Программы ОЭСР по повышению конкурентоспособности стран Евразии, региональной программы, направленной на содействие экономическому росту и развитию одиннадцати республик бывшего Советсткого Союза, а также Афганистана и Монголии.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264167476-ru
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  • 88
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    OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Kazakhstan 2012 (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264121812
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD investment policy reviews
    Keywords: Investitionspolitik ; Kasachstan ; Finance and Investment ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: This review assesses Kazakhstan's ability to comply with the principles of liberalisation, transparency and non-discrimination and to bring its investment policy closer to recognised international standards such as the OECD Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises. Based on the OECD Policy Framework for Investment, the Review considers the interaction and coherence of investment policy with other areas such as investment facilitation, trade and competition policy as well as responsible business conduct practices critical for enhancing the investment climate.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264121812-en
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  • 89
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    Competitiveness and Private Sector Development: Kazakhstan 2010 : Sector Competitiveness Strategy (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264089792
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (262 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Competitiveness and Private Sector Development
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Competitiveness and Private Sector Development; Kazakhstan 2010; Sector Competitiveness Strategy (Russian version)
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: Since 2000, the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan has been growing at an annual rate of between 8%-9%, making it one of the ten highest performing economies in the world. Kazakhstan alone attracts more foreign direct investment than all other Central Asian countries together. To date, the country’s strong economic performance has been driven largely by its natural resources sector. The oil and gas sectors alone attract three quarters of foreign investment inflows. However, Kazakhstan’s non-energy sectors also have competitive advantages that could be potential new sources for growth. In 2009 Kazakhstan launched a far-reaching programme to diversify its sources of foreign direct investment. To support this effort, it asked the OECD to undertake a three-year Sector Competitiveness Review. This report represents the first phase of this Review, which is an assessment and strategy to help Kazakhstan enhance the competitiveness of non-energy sectors including agribusiness, fertilizers, logistics, business services and information technology. While it acknowledges that the government has successfully implemented a first generation of business climate reforms, the report recommends that sector-specific policy barriers be further addressed. For example, policy makers could stimulate quality improvements and modernise production in some sectors by facilitating access to finance, attracting modern retailers and addressing skills gaps in the workforce.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264089792-en
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  • 90
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    Reviews of National Policies for Education: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan 2009 : Students with Special Needs and those with Disabilities (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073210
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (251 p.)
    Series Statement: Reviews of National Policies for Education
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education; Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan 2009; Students with Special Needs and those with Disabilities (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan 2009: Students with Special Needs and those with Disabilities (Russian version)
    Keywords: Education ; Kazakhstan ; Kyrgyzstan ; Tajikistan
    Abstract: This OECD publication reviews the current state of education policies for children with special education needs and those with disabilities in Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, and Tajikistan. It offers an overview of the respective country backgrounds, education systems and relevant legislation, and takes a critical look at access to education for what is considered to be the most vulnerable group of children in the countries reviewed. Particular attention is paid to inclusive education policies, to the processes of identification and assessment, to overall policy co-ordination for the provision of education services, to integration in mainstream education, as well as to good practices and the role of NGOs and the donor community.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073210-en
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  • 91
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    Reviews of National Policies for Education: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan 2009 : Students with Special Needs and those with Disabilities (Russian version) (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059917
    Language: Russian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education; Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan 2009; Students with Special Needs and those with Disabilities
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan 2009: Students with Special Needs and those with Disabilities
    Keywords: Education ; Kazakhstan ; Kyrgyzstan ; Tajikistan
    Abstract: В данной публикации ОЭСР предлагается обзор текущей образовательной политики в отношении детей с особыми образовательными потребностями в Казахстане, Кыргызской Pеспублике и Таджикистане. Дается представление о социально- историческом контексте, системах образования и соответствующего законодательства, критически анализируются принятые взгляды на доступ к образованию для самой уязвимой группы детского населения в данных странах. Особое внимание уделяется политическим мерам, направленным на обеспечения инклюзивности образования, процедурам идентификации и оценки, общей координации предоставления образовательных услуг, интеграции в общеобразовательную систему, а также наиболее успешным практикам и роли НПО и общественных доноров. Публикация входит в серию изданий ОЭСР “Oбзор национал ьной политики в области образования”, ее готовит Программа по Сотрудничеству со странами, не входящими в состав ОЭСР Директората по Образованию.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059917-ru
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  • 92
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    Fighting Corruption in Transition Economies: Kazakhstan (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264034044
    Language: Russian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Series Statement: Fighting Corruption in Transition Economies (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fighting Corruption in Transition Economies; Kazakhstan 2007
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fighting Corruption in Transition Economies: Kazakhstan 2007
    Keywords: Governance ; Kazakhstan
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264034044-ru
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  • 93
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    Reviews of National Policies for Education: Higher Education in Kazakhstan 2007 (2007)
    Washington, DC : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264033177
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (222 p.)
    Series Statement: Reviews of National Policies for Education
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education; Higher Education in Kazakhstan (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education: Higher Education in Kazakhstan (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Higher education in Kazakhstan
    DDC: 378.5845
    Keywords: Hochschulpolitik ; Kasachstan ; Education ; Kazakhstan ; Hochschulpolitik ; Kasachstan
    Abstract: Reform of education, training and human resource development is an integral part of the transition to a democratic society and a market economy. This book gives a brief overview of regional issues and the history of post-secondary education in Kazakhstan and describes the development of higher and tertiary education in the country since the transition began. It presents an analysis of the education system, identifying key directions for the reinforcement of the reforms in light of the challenges encountered by officials, communities, enterprises, educators, parents and students under very dynamic conditions. It concludes with a set of key recommendations concerning the structure of the system and its labour market relevance; access and equity; financing; governance and management; internationalisation; and research, development and innovation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264033177-en
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  • 94
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    Reviews of National Policies for Education : Higher Education in Kazakhstan (Russian version) (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264037212
    Language: Russian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (257 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education; Higher Education in Kazakhstan 2007
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Reviews of National Policies for Education: Higher Education in Kazakhstan 2007
    Keywords: Education ; Kazakhstan
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264037212-ru
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  • 95
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    Fighting Corruption in Transition Economies: Kazakhstan 2007 (2007)
    Washington, DC : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264026155
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Series Statement: Fighting Corruption in Transition Economies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fighting Corruption in Transition Economies; Kazakhstan
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fighting Corruption in Transition Economies: Kazakhstan
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Fighting corruption in transition economies: Kazakhstan
    Keywords: Korruption ; Kasachstan ; Governance ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Korruption
    Abstract: This report is a review of Kazakhstan’s legal and institutional framework for fighting corruption, in accordance with the framework provided by the Anti-Corruption Network for Transition Economies, based at the OECD. The review examines: (1) national anti-corruption policy and institutions currently in place in Kazakhstan; (2) national anti-corruption legislation and preventive measures to ensure integrity of civil service; and (3) effective financial control. The review process is based on the OECD practice of mutual analysis and policy formulation. The main input for the review was the self-assessment report prepared by the government of Kazakhstan. An international group of peers then provided an expert assessment and draft recommendations. Finally, a review meeting (attended by national governments, international organisations, civil and business associations) discussed the report and its expert assessment, and endorsed the recommendations for Kazakhstan. This publication contains all the recommendations, as well as the full text of the self-assessment report provided by the government of Kazakhstan. Thus, it provides an important guide for the country as it develops its anti-corruption actions, and it will serve as a useful reference for other countries reforming their anti-corruption policies, legislation and institutions. While these recommendations are not legally binding, they represent Kazakhstan’s commitment to fighting corruption. Implementation of these recommendations will also help the country meet its legally binding obligations under the United Nation’s Convention on Corruption and the Council of Europe’s Criminal Law Convention on Corruption. The results of this review will also be used to regularly monitor Kazakhstan’s progress in implementing the recommendations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264026155-en
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  • 96
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    Local Capital Markets for Environmental Infrastructure : Prospects in China, Kazakhstan, Russian Federation and Ukraine (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264035966
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (254 p.)
    Series Statement: Environmental Finance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Local capital markets for environmental infrastructure
    RVK:
    QT 200
    Keywords: Regionaler Finanzsektor ; Umweltschutzinvestition ; China ; Kasachstan ; Russland ; Ukraine ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; China, People’s Republic ; Kazakhstan ; Russian Federation ; Ukraine ; China ; Kasachstan ; Ukraine ; Russland ; Investition ; Umweltschutz ; Kreditmarkt
    Abstract: Transition and emerging economies have difficulties developing their financial markets to a level that would provide access to long-term debt finance at an affordable cost. This report examines opportunities beyond the public sector for financing water and other environmental infrastructure. Specifically, opportunities for accessing savings through private financial and capital markets have been examined. The report identifies bottlenecks to the development of local financial markets for environmental infrastructure and discusses policy recommendations to tackle them.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264035966-en
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  • 97
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    Investment Guides: Kazakhstan 1998 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163546
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Investment Guides
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    QG 480
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Wirtschaft ; Kasachstan ; Auslandsinvestition ; Recht
    Abstract: Since 1991, Kazakhstan, which is one of the two largest Central Asian republics, had attracted foreign direct investment worth US$4 billion by 1998. Whilst most of this investment has been in the energy and mineral sectors, there are also significant opportunities in other sectors of the economy. The Investment Guide for Kazakhstan has been prepared with three objectives in mind: firstly, to identify areas of opportunity for foreign investors; secondly to provide information about the historical, political, economic, financial and legal framework; and thirdly to help foreign direct investors from OECD Member countries draw balanced conclusions about the investment climate. The overview chapter contains constructive policy suggestions on the future attraction of foreign investment for the attention of the Government of Kazakhstan.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163546-en
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  • 98
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    Pensions statistics (Edition 2023) (20)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Albania ; Argentina ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Bolivia ; Brazil ; Bulgaria ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Croatia ; Czechia ; Denmark ; Dominican Republic ; Egypt ; El Salvador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hong Kong, China ; Hungary ; Iceland ; India ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Jamaica ; Japan ; Jordan ; Kazakhstan ; Kenya ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Lesotho ; Liechtenstein ; Luxembourg ; Malaysia ; Malta ; Mauritius ; Mexico ; Namibia ; Nigeria ; North Macedonia ; Pakistan ; Panama ; Peru ; Poland ; Portugal ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Serbia ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Spain ; Suriname ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Thailand ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Türkiye ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Uruguay ; Zambia
    Abstract: This dataset includes pension funds statistics with OECD classifications by type of pension plans and by type of pension funds. All types of plans are included (occupational and personal, mandatory and voluntary). The OECD classification considers both funded and book reserved pension plans that are workplace-based (occupational pension plans) or accessed directly in retail markets (personal pension plans). Both mandatory and voluntary arrangements are included. The data includes plans where benefits are paid by a private sector entity (classified as private pension plans by the OECD) as well as those paid by a funded public sector entity. Data are presented in various measures depending on the variable: millions of national currency, millions of USD, thousands or unit.
    DOI: 10.1787/25ec2b61-en
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  • 99
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    Pensions indicators (Edition 2023) (20)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Albania ; Argentina ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Bolivia ; Brazil ; Bulgaria ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Croatia ; Czechia ; Denmark ; Dominican Republic ; Egypt ; El Salvador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Hong Kong, China ; Hungary ; Iceland ; India ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Jamaica ; Japan ; Jordan ; Kazakhstan ; Kenya ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Liechtenstein ; Luxembourg ; Malaysia ; Malta ; Mauritius ; Mexico ; Namibia ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Nigeria ; North Macedonia ; Norway ; Pakistan ; Panama ; Peru ; Poland ; Portugal ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Serbia ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Spain ; Sri Lanka ; Suriname ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Thailand ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Türkiye ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Uruguay ; Zambia
    Abstract: This dataset comprises statistics pertaining to pensions indicators.It includes indicators such as occupational pension funds’asset as a % of GDP, personal pension funds’ asset as a % of GDP, DC pension plans’assets as a % of total assets. Pension fund and plan types are classified according to the OECD classification. Three dimensions cover this classification: pension plan type, definition type and contract type.
    DOI: 10.1787/c2799713-en
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  • 100
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    Pensions statistics (20)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Pensions Statistics
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Statistiques sur les pensions
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Albania ; Argentina ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Bolivia ; Brazil ; Bulgaria ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Croatia ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Dominican Republic ; Egypt ; El Salvador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hong Kong, China ; Hungary ; Iceland ; India ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Jamaica ; Japan ; Jordan ; Kazakhstan ; Kenya ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Lesotho ; Liechtenstein ; Luxembourg ; Malaysia ; Malta ; Mauritius ; Mexico ; Namibia ; Nigeria ; North Macedonia ; Pakistan ; Panama ; Peru ; Poland ; Portugal ; Romania ; Russian Federation ; Serbia ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Spain ; Suriname ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Thailand ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Türkiye ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Uruguay ; Zambia
    Abstract: This dataset includes pension funds statistics with OECD classifications by type of pension plans and by type of pension funds. All types of plans are included (occupational and personal, mandatory and voluntary). The OECD classification considers both funded and book reserved pension plans that are workplace-based (occupational pension plans) or accessed directly in retail markets (personal pension plans). Both mandatory and voluntary arrangements are included. The data includes plans where benefits are paid by a private sector entity (classified as private pension plans by the OECD) as well as those paid by a funded public sector entity. Data are presented in various measures depending on the variable: millions of national currency, millions of USD, thousands or unit.
    DOI: 10.1787/data-00517-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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