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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (53)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (53)
  • Paris
  • Transport  (53)
  • Economics  (53)
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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (53)
Material
Language
Years
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
Subjects(RVK)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Better Economic Regulation : The Role of the Regulator (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282103272
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Round Tables no.150
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. De meilleures réglementations ; Le rôle du régulateur
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Efficient provision of transport infrastructure is critical to economic growth. The long asset lives of much transport infrastructure indicates governance through regulation, rather than through contract or public ownership. This can ensure predictability in long-term relationships whilst preserving some flexibility to deal with changes in external circumstances. The transparency created by a fully independent regulator is invaluable for ensuring sufficient investment is forthcoming, while maintaining reasonable conditions for user access. Discussion at the Roundtable focussed on how to achieve effective independent regulation and how to reconcile independence with the legitimate control of policy by the executive part of government. Independent regulation is not seen as a universal default governance arrangement. Much of the discussion focused on when to regulate and when to rely on competition, even if imperfect, to drive efficiency. The discussions underscored that there are opportunities to improve performance significantly in the aviation, rail and road sectors, by learning from successful experience in improving governance structures in a range of countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282103272-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Moving Freight with Better Trucks : Improving Safety, Productivity and Sustainability (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102961
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (360 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Research Reports
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Moving freight with better trucks
    RVK:
    QP 530
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: This report identifies potential improvements in terms of more effective safety and environmental regulation for trucks, backed by better systems of enforcement, and identifies opportunities for greater efficiency and higher productivity. The report is based on a review of literature, consultation among stakeholders, and research and analysis from working group members. It also presents the results of a comprehensive benchmarking study of 39 truck configurations in operation around the world – from typical workhorse vehicles to very high capacity vehicles – and assesses their performance in terms of dynamic stability, productivity and impact on the infrastructure.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102961-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Globalisation, Transport and the Environment (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264072916
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mondialisation, transport et environnement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Globalisation, transport and the environment
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Globalisierung ; Umweltbelastung ; Güterverkehr ; Welt ; Globalization ; Globalization Environmental aspects ; Transportation ; Environment ; Transport ; Güterverkehr ; Globalisierung ; Umweltschutz ; Transport ; Welthandel ; Umweltschaden
    Abstract: What impact has globalisation had on transport? And what have been the consequences for the environment? This book aims to answer these questions and more. It looks in detail at how globalisation has affected activity levels in maritime shipping, aviation, and road and rail freight, and assesses the impact that changes in activity levels have had on the environment. The book also discusses policy instruments that can be used to address negative environmental impacts, both from an economic perspective and from the point of view of international law. Related reading Environmental Outlook to 2030 (2008) The Economics of Climate Change Mitigation: Policies and Options for Global Action beyond 2012 (2009)
    Note: Literaturangaben , Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Mondialisation, transport et environnement
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264072916-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Implementing Congestion Charges (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102855
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Round Tables no.147
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mettre en œuvre la tarification de la congestion
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport ; Straßenbenutzungsgebühr
    Abstract: Recent advances in the scientific understanding of urban traffic congestion have only strengthened the already solid case for congestion charges as an element of a successful urban transport policy. But examples of real-world congestion charging systems remain few and far between. What can be done to improve the chances of their more widespread adoption in practice? This report draws lessons from attempts to introduce congestion charges. Technology is not an obstacle, and technologies should serve policy purposes instead of define them. Charging systems are not cheap and thus should only be used where congestion is severe. Public acceptance is seen to be the key to successful implementation. Although environmental benefits and careful deployment of toll revenues may improve acceptance, a charging system should never lose sight of its principal aim, which is to reduce congestion.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102855-en
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Integration and Competition between Transport and Logistics Businesses (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102619
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Round Tables no.146
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Intégration et concurrence entre le transport et les activités logistiques
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Integration and competition between transport and logistics businesses
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Frachtschifffahrt ; Schienenverkehr ; Logistikdienstleister ; Fusion ; Wettbewerb ; OECD-Staaten ; Transport ; Seefrachtverkehr ; Schienenverkehr ; Logistikunternehmen ; Unternehmenskooperation ; Wettbewerbsstrategie
    Abstract: Some very large multinational transport and logistics firms have emerged to provide integrated transport services to shippers in the globalised economy. Do these firms escape regulatory oversight from national competition authorities because of their sheer scale? Do they pose additional threats to competition when they merge with or acquire other companies in the supply chain? The Round Table brought competition experts together with researchers on maritime shipping, rail freight and logistics to identify critical competition issues and appropriate regulatory responses. An examination of the strategies of transport and logistics companies reveals that vertical integration can yield efficiencies, but usually reflects a need to improve the use of expensive fixed assets rather than control all parts of the supply chain. This usually explains why shipping lines acquire terminal operators. Horizontal acquisitions, where similar companies serving the same market merge, are more likely to raise competition concerns. Problems are particularly prone to arise at bottleneck infrastructure facilities. The Round Table report provides an economic framework for examining competition in global transport and logistics businesses, discusses the adequacy of the remedies available to regulators when competition is threatened, and explores the role of competition authorities and Transport Ministries in ensuring markets are efficient.
    Note: Enth. 4 Beitr. - Literaturangaben , Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Intégration et concurrence entre le transport et les activités logistiques
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102619-en
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stimulating Low-Carbon Vehicle Technologies (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102978
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Round Tables no.148
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Stimuler les technologies pour les véhicules à faibles émissions de carbone
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport ; Kraftfahrzeug ; Kohlendioxidbelastung
    Abstract: Governments around the world are increasingly intervening in automobile markets to improve fuel economy and reduce emissions of CO2 from new vehicles. This report reviews the rationale for such intervention and examines measures for maximum effectiveness and minimum cost. The Round Table brought together economists, policy makers and auto engineers with the aim of advancing understanding of why car markets currently fail to deliver sufficient fuel economy. It started by questioning whether any additional measures would be necessary once an appropriate price for carbon dioxide is established via fuel taxes. It confirmed that there are indeed market imperfections that merit additional government intervention. Fuel economy and CO2 regulations are an essential part of the package. The key to maximising the benefits of such regulations is long-term planning. The longer the timeframe, the less industry investment is handicapped by uncertainty. Subsidies to electric vehicles are more problematic because of the risks of prematurely picking winning technologies and creating subsidy dependence. And electricity production has yet to be decarbonised. However, intervention to steer innovation in this direction is merited so long as the risks of not attaining climate policy targets are seen as higher than the risks of intervention.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102978-en
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Future for Interurban Passenger Transport : Bringing Citizens Closer Together (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102688
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (556 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les perspectives du transport interurbain de personnes ; Rapprocher les citoyens
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Economic growth, trade and the concentration of population in large cities will intensify demand for interurban transport services. Concurrently, the need to manage environmental impacts effectively will increase. How successful we are in coping with demand will depend on our ability to innovate, to manage congestion, and to improve the quality of transport services. Technological and regulatory innovation will shape the future of transport. These conference proceedings bring together ideas from leading transport researchers from around the world related to the future for interurban passenger transport.. A first set of papers investigates what drives demand for interurban passenger transport and infers how it may evolve in the future. The remaining papers investigate transport policy issues that emerge as key challenges: when to invest in high-speed rail, how to regulate to ensure efficient operation, how to assign infrastructure to different types of users, and how to control transport’s environmental footprint by managing modal split and improving modal performance.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102688-en
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Port Competition and Hinterland Connections (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102251
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Round Tables no.143
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Concurrence entre les ports et les liaisons terrestres avec l'arrière-pays
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: This Round Table publication discusses the policy and regulatory challenges posed by the rapidly changing port environment. The sector has changed tremendously in recent decades with technological and organisational innovation and a powerful expansion of trade. Although ports serve hinterlands that now run deep into continents, competition among ports is increasingly intense and their bargaining power in the supply chain has consequently weakened. Greater port throughput is meeting with increasing resistance from local communities because of pollution and congestion. In addition, local regulation is warranted but made difficult by the distribution of bargaining power among stakeholders. Higher-level authorities could develop more effective policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102251-en
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Competitive Interaction between Airports, Airlines and High-Speed Rail (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102466
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (210 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Round Tables no.145
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Concurrence et interactions entre aéroports, services de transports aériens et ferroviaires
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: How should airports be regulated to contain market power? This round table proceedings first examines whether they need to be regulated at all. It concludes that because regulation is inevitably imperfect and costly, policy makers should establish conditions for competition to emerge between airports in preference to comprehensive regulation, whenever possible. Economic regulation is sometimes necessary, such as when airports are heavily congested. The proceedings determines which approaches are likely to work best and also assesses strategies for managing greenhouse gas emissions. It finds that although including aviation in an open emission trading scheme could help mitigate emissions efficiently across the economy, it should not be expected to produce major cuts in CO2-emissions in aviation itself. Finally the proceedings identifies the economic conditions under which high-speed rail can provide a competitive substitute for aviation, revealing the limited relevance of rail to reducing greenhouse gas emissions from this part of the transport market.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102466-en
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Biofuels : Linking Support to Performance (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282101803
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Round Tables no.138
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Biocarburants ; Lier les politiques de soutien aux bilans énergétiques et environnementaux
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Energy ; Environment ; Transport
    Abstract: Biofuels received USD 15 billion in subsidies in OECD Member countries in 2007, but did they deliver benefits in terms of climate change or oil security? Present policies make no link between support for biofuels and their environmental performance, and biofuels do not all perform equally well. In fact, much of the current ethanol and biodiesel production may result in higher overall emissions of greenhouse gases than using conventional transport fuels - gasoline and diesel. The papers published in this report examine the economics of biofuels and assess the potential of conventional biofuel production in OECD countries, Brazilian ethanol exports and some second generation biofuels to supply world markets with transport fuels. This Round Table analyses the critical issues for governments in determining support for biofuels, particularly the level of greenhouse gas emissions throughout the life-cycle of these fuels and the wider environmental impacts of farming biomass. It also reviews recent progress in developing certification systems for biofuels – an essential tool for tying support to achievement in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, although certification cannot be expected to prevent rainforest destruction for the development of biofuel crop plantations. The report concludes with a short list of recommendations for policy reform if support for biofuels is to contribute effectively to mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282101803-en
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oil Dependence : Is Transport Running Out of Affordable Fuel? (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102527
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (210 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Round Tables no.139
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Pétrole et transports ; La fin des carburants à prix abordable ?
    DDC: 333.8/23213
    RVK:
    QQ 800
    Keywords: Energy ; Environment ; Transport
    Abstract: Oil consumption is increasingly concentrated in transport and relatively limited fluctuations in transport demand can have increasingly significant effects on oil prices. This Round Table assesses the policy instruments available to address oil security and climate change and examines their interaction with measures to manage congestion and mitigate local air pollution. A number of incompatibilities and trade-offs are identified underlining the importance of integrated policy making. The report includes an examination of the factors that drive oil prices in the short and long term and a discussion of the outlook for oil supply.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102527-en
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Privatisation and Regulation of Urban Transit Systems (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282102008
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Round Tables no.141
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Privatisation et réglementation des systèmes de transports publics urbains
    RVK:
    QR 800
    RVK:
    QR 860
    Keywords: Transport ; Konferenzschrift 2008 ; Stadtverkehr ; Transitverkehr ; Verkehrsplanung ; Verkehrspolitik ; Regulierung ; Privatisierung
    Abstract: Urban public transport services generally run at a large deficit. This has led public authorities to seek efficiencies, notably through private sector involvement. Support for the sector traditionally seeks to provide basic mobility services to all segments of society, including low-income users. Intervention is also required to manage the natural tendency towards concentration and market power in the provision of these transport services. Policy towards urban public transport is increasingly aimed at managing congestion on the roads and mitigating CO2 emissions by substituting for travel by car. Achieving coherent transport networks that are efficient and financially sustainable is a challenge for any public authority. This Round Table examines experience in integrating private management and capital with public transport policy objectives in a number of developed economies. For network operators, the Round Table concludes that innovation is the key to surviving the rapidly changing policy and regulatory environment.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282102008-en
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Competitive Tendering of Rail Services (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282101636
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (230 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'adjudication par appels d'offres des services ferroviaires
    RVK:
    QR 820
    Keywords: Transport ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Eisenbahn ; Personenbeförderung ; Wettbewerb ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Eisenbahnverkehr ; Öffentliche Ausschreibung
    Abstract: Competitive tendering provides a way to introduce competition to railways whilst preserving an integrated network of services. It has been used for freight railways in some countries but is particularly attractive for passenger networks when subsidised services make competition between trains serving the same routes difficult or impossible to organise. This report examines experience to date from around the world in competitively tendering rail services. It seeks to draw lessons for effective design of concessions and regulation from both the successful and less successful cases examined. The work is based on detailed examinations by leading experts of the experience of passenger rail concessions in the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany, Sweden and the Netherlands. It also draws on examples of freight rail concessions in Latin America.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282101636-en
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Managing Urban Traffic Congestion (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282101506
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (296 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gérer la congestion urbaine
    RVK:
    QR 860
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Transport ; OECD ; Stadtverkehr ; Verkehrsstau
    Abstract: This report addresses key issues concerning managing urban traffic congestion, including defining congestion, measuring congestion, assessing its impacts, formulating a strategic vision for guiding management policies, and using technology and other operational options to ameliorate congestion. It offers policy-oriented, research-based recommendations for effectively managing traffic and cutting excess congestion in large urban areas.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282101506-en
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cutting Transport CO2 Emissions : What Progress? (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282123782
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transports et émissions de CO2 ; Quels progrès ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transports et émissions de CO2 : Quels progrès ?
    RVK:
    AR 23400
    RVK:
    QT 800
    Keywords: Carbon dioxide mitigation ; Carbon dioxide Environmental aspects ; Greenhouse gas mitigation ; Transportation Environmental aspects ; Environment ; Transport ; OECD ; Verkehrssektor ; Kohlendioxidemission ; Emissionsverringerung ; European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Abstract: Despite significant efforts on the part of some countries, transport CO2 emissions have increased steadily over the last ten years. This report reviews the progress OECD and ECMT countries have made in reducing transport sector CO2 emissions and makes recommendations for the focus of future policies. It includes detailed country-by country information on measures adopted and transport sector emissions for the period 1990 - 2003.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282123782-en
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  • 16
    Online Resource
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    Transport Infrastructure Charges and Capacity Choice : Self-financing Road Maintenance and Construction (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282101094
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Series Statement: ECMT Round Tables no.135
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Tarification des infrastructures de transport et dimensionnement de la capacité ; L'autofinancement de l'entretien et de la construction des routes
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Much of the current policy debate has considered infrastructure charges as a form of “fiscal” instrument for managing transport demand. The Round Table analysed the opportunities for setting infrastructure service prices so that they also provide guidance for the supply of services. It discussed the possibilities of increasing the finances available for transport infrastructure investment and maintenance by introducing a quasi-market for transport infrastructure services. The general public impression is that charges are a just another tax increase in disguise. Infrastructure charging that uses a mix of “fees for service” and capacity expansion criteria is expected to correct this impression, and thus to improve the political acceptability of infrastructure pricing.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282101094-en
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  • 17
    Online Resource
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    Decoupling the Environmental Impacts of Transport from Economic Growth (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264027138
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (113 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'impact environnemental des transports ; Comment le découpler de la croissance économique
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Decoupling the environmental impacts of transport from economic growth
    DDC: 363.7387
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Verkehr ; Nachhaltige Mobilität ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Welt ; Environment ; Transport ; OECD ; Transport ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Umweltverschmutzung
    Abstract: Transport activity continues to cause large adverse impacts on the environment, human health and the economy. But is a negative impact of transport on the environment a necessary consequence of economic growth? This book illustrates that decoupling the environmental impacts of transport from economic growth is achievable, through the efficient use of charges, fees, taxes and other economic instruments. These economic approaches can complement regulatory measures to encourage a shift towards more environmentally-friendly modes of transport, such as from road to certain forms of rail transport. Other factors which could help to decouple transport impacts from economic growth are improvements in freight transport logistics, and dematerialisation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264027138-en
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  • 18
    Online Resource
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    Decoupling the Environmental Impacts of Transport from Economic Growth (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264027121
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (117 p.)
    Parallel Title: Print version Decoupling the Environmental Impacts of Transport from Economic Growth
    DDC: 363.73874
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Transport ; Umweltverschmutzung
    Abstract: Economic growth requires an efficient transport system, and transport activity continues to cause large adverse impacts on the environment, human health and the economy. But is a negative impact of transport on the environment a necessary consequence of economic growth?  This volume offers a comprehensive discussion of recent research on the links between transport demand and economic growth. It provides an in-depth discussion of environmental and economic effects of a package of instruments for decoupling environmentally impacts of transport from economic growth -- and how to overcome ob
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword and Acknowledgements; Table of Contents; Executive Summary; Chapter 1. Introduction; Chapter 2. Transport and the Economy; Chapter 3. Transport and the Environment; Chapter 4. Decoupling Indicators; Chapter 5. Policy Instruments for Decoupling; Chapter 6. National Case Studies; Chapter 7. Conclusion: Towards a Decoupling Strategy; Glossary; References;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264027138-en
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  • 19
    Online Resource
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    Transport Links between Europe and Asia (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282113813
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (81 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les liaisons de transport entre l'Europe et l'Asie
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transport Links between Europe and Asia (Russian version)
    RVK:
    QR 800
    RVK:
    QM 000
    Keywords: Transportation and state Asia ; Transportation and state Europe ; Transport ; Asia Commerce ; Europe Commerce ; Europa ; Internationaler Güterverkehr ; Landweg ; Asien ; Außenhandel ; Landverkehr ; Festland ; Containerverkehr
    Abstract: Land links between Europe and Asia can offer a viable alternative to sea transport. However, the provision of efficient land links between Europe and Asia requires appropriate policy decisions on issues such as the development of adequate infrastructure and the removal of regulatory or institutional barriers that prevent the development of efficient transport services. This publication features the recommendations approved by the Ministers and the “Report on Trends in Europe-Asia Trade and Consequences for Transport." It also includes the plan of action approved by Ministers to facilitate intermodal transport between Europe and Asia and the conclusions of a previous seminar in Kiev on “Intermodal Transport between Europe and Asia: Opportunities and Challenges”.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282113813-en
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  • 20
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    Infrastructure to 2030 : Telecom, Land Transport, Water and Electricity (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264023994
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (250 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les infrastructures à l'horizon 2030 ; Télécommunications, transports terrestres, eau et électricité
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les infrastructures à l'horizon 2030 : Télécommunications, transports terrestres, eau et électricité
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Infrastructure to 2030 ; [Vol. 1]: Telecom, land transport, water and electricity
    RVK:
    QD 200
    Keywords: 2004-2030 ; Infrastruktur ; Telekommunikationsnetz ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Wasserversorgung ; OECD-Staaten ; Energy ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Transport ; Economics ; OECD ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Wasserversorgung ; Infrastrukturpolitik ; Telekommunikationswirtschaft ; Prognose 2030
    Abstract: Energy, transport, water and telecommunications all are essential to future development and growth. However, infrastructure investment requirements over the coming decades will be massive, running into trillions of dollars. How will the needed investments be financed, given that OECD populations are ageing fast and public finances tightening? How will such factors as urbanisation, climate change and globalisation affect the development of infrastructures in OECD countries? And how will the role of the public sector and private actors evolve over time? These are just some of the questions this OECD report addresses in this long-term assessment of the future of infrastructures in both OECD and non-OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264023994-en
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    Making Cars More Fuel Efficient : Technology for Real Improvements on the Road (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282103449
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (82 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 629.25/3
    RVK:
    QR 530
    Keywords: Energy ; Transport
    Abstract: Studies show that cars use significantly more fuel per kilometre than suggested by official test ratings. This publication presents an analysis of the fuel efficiency gap and examines technologies available that could reduce that gap and improve fuel economy. It examines such areas as engine and transmission technologies, hybrid technologies, tyre inflation and technology, lubricants, and fuel-saving driver support devices. Together, these technologies could improve average on-road fuel economy by 10% or more at low or modest cost. Policies that could be used to encourage uptake of these technologies are also identified.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282103449-en
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  • 22
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    Economic Evaluation of Long-Life Pavements : Phase 1 (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264008588
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Évaluation économique des chaussées à longue durée de vie ; Phase 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Economic evaluation of long-life pavements
    DDC: 388.1/1
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Straßenbau ; Baustoff ; Transport ; Straßenbaustoff ; Straßenoberbau ; Langlebigkeit ; Bewertung
    Abstract: With maintenance costs accounting for a large proportion of road budgets, this report assesses the economic and technical feasibility of innovative wearing courses for long life road pavements. While having higher initial costs, such wearing courses have the potential to dramatically reduce recurrent road maintenance requirements and user costs and could also reduce overall costs significantly, under circumstances outlined in the report.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264008588-en
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  • 23
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    Communicating Environmentally Sustainable Transport : The Role of Soft Measures (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264106642
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 388
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Environment ; Transport ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Progress towards Environmentally Sustainable Transport (EST) will require widespread acceptance of this need and a mix of measures designed to achieve the necessary changes to overcome these barriers. Some of the measures will be hard measures, which include taxes, emission standards, speed limits, and other fiscal and regulatory instruments. Others will be soft, such as the provision of information and the use of communication strategies and educational techniques. The book examines the measures needed.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264106642-en
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  • 24
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    Fifty Years of Transport Policy : Successes, Failures and New Challenges (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282103159
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cinquante ans de politique des transports ; Succès, échecs et nouveaux défis
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fifty Years of Transport Policy (Russian version); Successes, Failures and New Challenges
    DDC: 388
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport ; Konferenzschrift 2003 ; Electronic books ; Europa ; Verkehrspolitik
    Abstract: Transport policy may well have reached a turning point. New incentives, new pricing, and new instruments to better manage investment and demand are required. This publication outlines a number of strategic directions for transport policy in the coming years. It also contains a summary paper presented at the 87th ministerial session which also marked the ECMT 50th anniversary.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282103159-en
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  • 25
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    Policy Instruments for Achieving Environmentally Sustainable Transport (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264176249
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Pour des transports écologiquement viables ; Les mesures à prendre
    DDC: 388/.049 22
    RVK:
    QR 800
    RVK:
    RB 10765
    RVK:
    MF 9900
    Keywords: Environment ; Transport ; Electronic books ; Verkehr ; Umweltverträglichkeit ; Verkehrspolitik
    Abstract: Moving people and freight in an environmentally sustainable manner will be one of the biggest challenges of the 21st century. Overall, insufficient progress has been made so far towards achieving environmental sustainability for the transport sector. A new target-oriented approach is needed that places environment and health at the top of the policy agenda for transport and related sectors, at international, national and local levels. The OECD’s Working Group on Transport recently concluded a five-year work programme with the development of Guidelines for Environmentally Sustainable Transport (EST) and supporting analytical reports, endorsed by OECD Environment Ministers at their meeting in Paris on 16 May 2001.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264176249-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 26
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    Road Travel Demand : Meeting the Challenge (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264175518
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La demande de trafic routier ; Relever le défi
    DDC: 380
    RVK:
    QR 850
    RVK:
    RB 10768
    Keywords: Transport ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Reiseverkehr ; Straße ; Verbesserung
    Abstract: While Man conquered outer space in the 20th century, surface transportation congestion remains a vexing challenge for OECD metropolitan cities in the new Millennium. What strategies, programmes and services have recently been implemented to reduce travel demand and improve traffic conditions? This report provides case studies and examples that demonstrate successful approaches to grappling with gridlock around the globe.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264175518-en
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  • 27
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    Benchmarking Intermodal Freight Transport (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264175129
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transport intermodal de marchandises ; Une évaluation comparative
    DDC: 388.044068
    RVK:
    QR 870
    Keywords: Transport ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Kombinierter Verkehr ; Benchmarking
    Abstract: What is efficient intermodal freight transport? How are "best practices" to be found? What measures are being developed in OECD countries for assessing the relative efficiency of modes and modal combinations? What opportunities exist to improve complex intermodal transport chains? How are such opportunities identified and assessed? Today’s highly competitive global market calls for intermodal transport systems that meet industry’s expectations in efficiency and reliability as well as government’s sustainability expectations. While benchmarking is a tool for achieving such objectives, how are these benchmarking exercises best implemented? This report analyses illustrative benchmarking exercises to provide insights into these important questions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264175129-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 28
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    Impact of Transport Infrastructure Investment on Regional Development (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264193529
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Investissements en infrastructure de transport et développement régional
    DDC: 300
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Transport ; Electronic books ; Transport ; Infrastrukturinvestition ; Effizienz ; Transport ; Infrastrukturinvestition ; Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse ; Transport ; Infrastrukturinvestition ; Regionalentwicklung
    Abstract: Decisions to invest in transport infrastructure projects require careful deliberation. Governments need evaluation methods to ensure that their scarce resources are allocated in a way that maximises their net return to society. How can the efficiency of allocating funds for transport infrastructure be improved? Is the widely-used approach of cost-benefit analysis appropriate? Does transport infrastructure investment have wider impacts on regional development which need to be taken into account in determining infrastructure investment priorities? Do we find evidence of such impacts in evaluations of major transport infrastructure projects? Which impacts might be included in future appraisal methods? Which impacts matter? How do evaluation frameworks match government policy objectives? This report provides insights into these key issues by analysing illustrative studies of the impacts of transport infrastructure investments.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193529-en
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  • 29
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    Transport Logistics : Shared Solutions to Common Challenges (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264171190
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Logistique des transports ; Défis et solutions
    DDC: 388
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    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport ; Industry and Services ; Electronic books ; Transport ; Logistik ; Internationalisierung
    Abstract: Globalisation and advances in information and communication technologies are reshaping the world’s trading patterns. Today’s internationally competitive businesses work through strategic, integrated global networks designed to deliver efficient and high-quality response to demands from anywhere in the world. This trend has given rise to the terms "global logistics" or "supply-chain management". In addition, growing environmental concerns require that logistics should not only be efficient; they should also contribute to sustainable development. The OECD TRILOG project aimed to provide insights into these key issues through an exchange of experiences relating to freight transport logistics in the Asia-Pacific, Europe and North American regions. This report attempts to identify constraints and address issues common to the three regions, and suggest possible solutions and approaches that could facilitate the development of policies to promote efficient and sustainable international logistics.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264171190-en
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  • 30
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    Safety on Roads : What's the Vision? (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264196001
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sécurité routière ; Quelle vision pour demain ?
    DDC: 363.12/5
    RVK:
    ZO 4870
    RVK:
    QR 850
    Keywords: Transport ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Verkehrssicherheit
    Abstract: Approximately 125 000 people die every year on the roads of OECD countries. In other words, one road crash victim dies every four minutes. The real tragedy is that, to a large extent, these crashes and the resultant deaths and injuries could be prevented. This report identifies and assesses "best practices" among road safety programmes in OECD countries. Emphasis is placed on those programmes that have been evaluated. In addition, the underlying criteria that influence the success or failure of these "best practices" are identified to facilitate the development of effective road safety policies in Member countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264196001-en
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  • 31
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    Implementing Sustainable Urban Travel Policies : Final Report (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282112892
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (70 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transports urbains durables; la mise en oeuvre des politiques ; Rapport final
    RVK:
    QR 860
    Keywords: Transport ; Stadtverkehr ; Verkehrspolitik ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Stadtverkehr ; Verkehrsplanung ; Umweltverträglichkeit
    Abstract: There is widespread agreement that in order to bring about sustainable travel in urban areas, flexible, integrated policy packages are needed that send the right signals to urban land use and transport markets. The project on Implementing Sustainable Urban Travel Policies conducted by the ECMT has shown that actually implementing integrated policy packages for sustainable urban travel is easier said than done for a great number of cities in ECMT and OECD countries. While in most countries, urban land use and travel policies are defined and implemented at the local or regional levels, there is growing recognition that national governments can improve chances for implementation of integrated policy packages by providing for a flexible, sectorally integrated policy framework that sends the right messages to regions and cities via policy incentives and project financing. This report examines the ways in which national governments can act as catalysts for sustainable travel practices on a local level.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282112892-en
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  • 32
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    Strategies to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Road Transport : Analytical Methods (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264195974
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (72 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Stratégies de réduction des gaz à effet de serre émanant du transport routier ; Méthodes d'analyse
    DDC: 363.738746094
    RVK:
    AR 27720
    RVK:
    QR 850
    Keywords: Environment ; Transport ; Straßengüterverkehr ; Treibhausgas ; Reduktion ; Analytische Methode
    Abstract: What are the measures and strategies already taken by OECD countries to reduce or stabilise greenhouse gases from road transport? What frameworks exist to evaluate the impact and efficiency of these measures and strategies? And how effective are they? With the continued growth forecast in car ownership and distance travelled, what are the expected trends in CO2 emissions and their consequences for the potential achievement of the Kyoto Protocol? What models are available to predict the level of CO2 emissions? Are they useful? This report, which has been prepared by an OECD Working Group, uses a number of illustrative and pragmatic cases to provide important insights into these major questions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264195974-en
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  • 33
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    Regular Interurban Coach Services in Europe (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282112786
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: ECMT Round Tables no.114
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les services réguliers interurbains d'autocars en Europe
    DDC: 375
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport ; Konferenzschrift 1999 ; Electronic books ; Europa ; Omnibuslinienverkehr ; Internationaler Verkehr
    Abstract: Although deregulation is well under way in the transport sector, regular coach services are still largely regulated. Governments see them as potentially competing with rail transport services. However, in countries that have had some experience with deregulation the outcome has clearly been positive (except for local short-distance services). The Round Table began with a review of regular interurban coach services based on case studies in countries which had adopted an original approach. This report shows the industry in a totally new light. One of its main findings is that there is a specific market for customers that have no other means of transport. Opening up this market would benefit the most economically disadvantaged sectors of the population. But that is not the only lesson to be learned from this Round Table.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282112786-en
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  • 34
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    Performance Indicators for the Road Sector : Summary of the Field Tests (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264192942
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Indicateurs de performance pour le secteur routier ; Résumé des essais sur le terrain
    DDC: 625.725
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    QR 850
    Keywords: Transport ; Electronic books
    Abstract: How can road administrations lift their performance in managing the road network? How does that management contribute to the development of efficient transport systems? What are some common indicators/criteria that could be developed for OECD countries? What are the data needs and the information network required to support these indicators?The analysis of performance using key indicators provides road administrations with a basis for redefining their activities. This report does not define a vision for adoption in all countries. Rather, the results should serve as a framework for evaluating the role and performance of road administrations in OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264192942-en
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    Economic Evaluation of Road Traffic Safety Measures (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282112861
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: ECMT Round Tables no.117
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Evaluation économique des mesures de sécurité routière
    DDC: 388.312
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Transport ; Konferenzschrift 2000 ; Electronic books ; Straßenverkehr ; Verkehrssicherheit ; Wirtschaftlichkeit ; Bewertung
    Abstract: In economic appraisals of road safety measures, determining which method to use for the valuation of those measures is a problem. There are two methods open to us. Remarkably, one accurately measures a non-relevant concept (the human capital method), while the other measures the correct parameter, but not very accurately (the willingness-to-pay method). The Round Table examined the many complementary aspects of the two and found that what was needed, above all, were practical guides for each method. The Round Table noted that values for human life are highly comparable from one mode of transport to another, concluding that this should encourage governments to take charge of safety with the same forcefulness whatever the mode of transport. It also found that spending on road safety was already adequate, but that the money was not 'wisely' spent. Arguably the proposals put forward by this Round Table were unconventional. For instance, it held that difficulties in producing major changes in driver behaviour signalled that more attention should be paid to educational measures and infrastructure investment. This publication reviews the road safety policies and their economic evaluation. At a time when the authorities in many countries are beginning to set still more ambitious targets for those policies, the Round Table highlights the need for measures that are effective over the long term and economically efficient.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282112861-en
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  • 36
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    Safety in Tunnels : Transport of Dangerous Goods through Road Tunnels (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264195691
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La sécurité dans les tunnels ; Transport de marchandises dangereuses dans les tunnels routiers
    DDC: 363.17
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport ; Electronic books
    Abstract: A serious incident involving dangerous goods in a tunnel can be extremely costly in terms of loss of human lives, environmental degradation, tunnel damage and transport disruption. On the other hand, needlessly banning dangerous goods from tunnels may create unjustified economic costs. Moreover, such a ban might force operators to use more dangerous routes, such as densely populated areas, and thus increase the overall risk. This report proposes regulations and procedures to increase the safety and efficiency of transporting dangerous goods through road tunnels. It introduces two models, developed as part of the study: the first quantifies the risks involved in transporting dangerous goods through tunnels and by road; the second, a decision-support model, assists in the determination of the restrictions which need to be applied to the transport of dangerous goods through tunnels. Finally, measures to reduce both the risks and the consequences of incidents in tunnels are examined in detail.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264195691-en
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  • 37
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    Restructuring Public Utilities for Competition (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264193604
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Concurrence et restructuration des services publics
    DDC: 363.6
    RVK:
    QR 420
    Keywords: Energy ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Transport ; Industry and Services ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Öffentliche Wirtschaft ; Restrukturierung
    Abstract: Public utility industries, once regarded as monolithic monopolies, in fact are made up of many separate activities, many of which can sustain effective competition. But owners of bottleneck facilities are often in a position to restrict or limit the growth of competition. There is a growing realisation that fundamental structural changes are often necessary if the full benefits of competition are to be achieved for users and consumers. This publication explores the nature and impact of rules which affect the structure of public utility industries. It covers not only the theory behind different forms of separation but also practical experience in a wide variety of countries and sectors (railways, electricity, postal services, telecommunications, gas, air services, and maritime transport). It also contains the new OECD Recommendation on Structural Separation of Regulated Industries, which urges Member countries to consider separating the monopoly and the competitive parts of regulated industries, especially during the process of privatisation or liberalisation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193604-en
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  • 38
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    Transport of Waste Products (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282112854
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: ECMT Round Tables no.116
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les transports de déchets
    DDC: 363.728
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport ; Konferenzschrift 1999 ; Electronic books ; Abfall ; Transport
    Abstract: With the treatment of waste set to increase -- since the volume of waste is closely related to economic growth -- waste transport will be a major challenge in the future. This raises several issues. Should transport regulations be made more stringent and their implementation reviewed? Should the proximity principle -- incorporated in the regulations in the interests of environmental protection -- be questioned, since it prevents the consolidation of flows in sufficient volume to make the most environmentally-friendly modes of transport viable? The environmental performance of waste transport can be established only within the framework of an overall approach which incorporates all waste treatment routes. We must indeed be wary of seemingly good ideas such as "waste transport must be restricted" or "recycling is the best solution". The closure of landfills or reprocessing could well lead to a large increase in waste transport. The Round Table picks up on these issues and uses the cases of different countries to examine, in turn, developments in the waste transport sector and the statistical problems encountered in trying to understand them, the regulations applicable to the modes of transport used and their environmental performance, focusing closely on the difficulties created by the current modal split in this sector.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282112854-en
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  • 39
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    Road Freight Transport for Own Account in Europe (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282112830
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.)
    Series Statement: ECMT Round Tables no.115
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le transport routier de marchandises pour compte propre en Europe
    RVK:
    QR 850
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Transport ; Europa ; Straßengüterverkehr
    Abstract: Road freight transport for own account represents a major share of inland transport in Europe and, depending on the country concerned, accounts for two to five times the tonnage carried by rail. Despite its importance, however, own account transport tends to be overlooked since it is not regarded as a logistics activity, whereas it is, in fact, a vital transport function that is changing radically as firms increasingly outsource their distribution activities to commercial hauliers. The scale of road freight transport for own account, the impact of regulatory changes and the future of the sector are the themes addressed in the introductory reports and the experts’ discussions outlined in this publication.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282112830-en
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  • 40
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    Les transports de déchets (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282122853
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Tables Rondes CEMT no.116
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transport of Waste Products
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.:
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Transport of Waste Products
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport ; Konferenzschrift 1999 ; Abfall ; Transport ; Abfall ; Transport
    Abstract: Le traitement des déchets est appelé à s'accroître, car le volume de ces déchets est étroitement dépendant de la croissance économique. Le transport de déchets constitue donc un enjeu majeur pour l'avenir. Plusieurs questions se posent à cet égard. Faut-il renforcer la réglementation relative à ces transports et en revoir les modalités d'application ? Le principe de proximité pour le traitement des déchets, intégré dans cette réglementation au nom de la protection de l'environnement, ne doit-il pas être remis en cause, ce principe de proximité empêchant une massification des flux qui serait favorable aux modes de transport les plus écologiques ? Le bilan environnemental des transports de déchets ne saurait être établi que dans le cadre d'une approche globale intégrant l'ensemble des filières de traitement de ces déchets. Il faut en effet se méfier des fausses bonnes idées, telles que "le transport de déchets doit être limité" ou " le recyclage est la meilleure solution". La suppression des décharges ou le retraitement pourraient accroître sensiblement les transports de déchets. La Table Ronde reprend ces points en examinant successivement, à partir de l'expérience des différents pays, les évolutions du secteur des transports de déchets et les problèmes statistiques rencontrés pour les appréhender, la réglementation applicable à ces transports et leur bilan environnemental, en insistant tout particulièrement sur les difficultés engendrées par la répartition modale actuelle de ces transports.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282122853-fr
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  • 41
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    Online Resource
    Land Access to Sea Ports (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789282112809
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: ECMT Round Tables no.113
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La desserte terrestre des ports maritimes
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport ; Konferenzschrift 1998 ; Seehafen ; Verkehrsanbindung ; Wettbewerbsfähigkeit
    Abstract: In recent years, the substantial expansion in containerisation, the advent of megacarriers, the race for ever larger container-ships and higher-volume flows, have revolutionised intercontinental transport. These changes have entailed considerable reductions in maritime transport costs, which has made distant countries extremely accessible. The most costly component of the international traffic transport chain is now the inland leg, which explains why forwarders are so keen to gain control over inland transport operations. On land, road is the dominant mode, but with infrastructure congestion, rail and inland waterways also have a part to play. Under what conditions could these last two modes capture a larger share of inland transport? Rail cannot be really competitive without a dedicated freight network, and inland waterways will only get to play a significant role if transhipment costs are cut. Couldn’t greater competition within these two modes generate productivity gains and better quality services? The Round Table provided the opportunity to address the whole issue of competitiveness in inland transport modes and identified guidelines on land access to ports for policy-makers.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789282112809-en
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  • 42
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    Online Resource
    Sustainable Development : Critical Issues (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264193185
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (420 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Développement durable ; Les grandes questions
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    QC 347
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Transport ; Economics ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: How can we meet the needs of today without diminishing the capacity of future generations to meet theirs? This is the central question posed by "sustainable development". OECD countries committed themselves to sustainable development at the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development in Rio, yet - almost ten years later - progress accomplished remains partial and uneven. Drawing on analysis carried forward in response to a mandate from OECD Ministers in 1998, this report stresses the urgency to address some of the most pressing challenges for sustainable development. It reviews the conceptual foundations of sustainable development, its measurement, and the institutional reforms needed to make it operational. It then discusses how international trade and investment, as well as development co-operation, can contribute to sustainable development on a global basis, and reviews the experience of OECD countries in using market-based, regulatory and technology policies to reach sustainability goals in a cost-effective way. The report also provides an in-depth analysis of policies designed to address key threats to sustainability in the areas of climate change and natural resource management, as well as of those that respond to sustainability concerns at the sectoral and sub-national level. The common thrust of the report is that substantial opportunities exist to make economic growth, environmental protection, and social development mutually reinforcing.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193185-en
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  • 43
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    Transport Benchmarking : Methodologies, Applications and Data Needs (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264187832
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Méthodes d'analyses comparatives dans les transports ; Méthodologies, applications et données nécessaires
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Transport benchmarking
    DDC: 380
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Benchmarking ; Verkehrssektor ; Verkehrssicherheit ; Nachhaltige Mobilität ; Öffentlicher Nahverkehr ; Hafenwirtschaft ; Luftfrachtverkehr ; Europa ; Welt ; Schienenverkehr ; Transport ; Benchmarking (Management) ; European Union countries ; Transportation and state ; European Union countries ; Benchmarking ; Transport
    Abstract: This conference proceedings defines transport benchmarking, analyzes its usefulness to policy makers and discusses what lessons can be drawn at the national and international level for policy makers. The first part examines the different methodological aspects raised by benchmarking methods. The conference clarified the multiple concepts included in this type of mechanism and identified different practices which range from the simple statistical tool to a genuine policy lever. The second part describes several concrete examples of benchmarking applications in the transport sector. These examples relate in particular to topics such as road safety, rail transport, the environment, public and urban transport, seaports and air cargo, etc. Each chapter of this publication may be read independently. A fundamental message, common to all the examples presented, emerges: it is essential to improve the quality of statistics in order to ensure more reliable transport benchmarking results.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264187832-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 44
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    Online Resource
    Cleaner Cars : Fleet Renewal and Scrappage Schemes (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264180277
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Assainir le parc automobile ; Programmes de renouvellement et de mise à la casse
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Cleaner cars
    DDC: 363.738/7
    RVK:
    QR 524
    Keywords: Kraftfahrzeug ; Kreislaufwirtschaft ; Schrott ; Europa ; Welt ; Transport ; Wirtschaftskreislauf ; Recyclinggerechte Konstruktion ; Verwertung ; Kraftfahrzeug
    Abstract: Pollution from transport is being cut substantially through exhaust emissions regulations and vehicle manufacturers’ investments in cleaner technologies. The benefits of these improvements, however, are delayed as car fleet renewal takes a decade on average in Europe. Car scrappage schemes can be used to accelerate the uptake of new, cleaner vehicles. This publication analyses the effectiveness of these programmes in protecting the environment and reviews the schemes introduced to date in Europe and North America. Three complementary issues are addressed to help make pragmatic recommendations:- What are the effects of scrapping schemes on the car market and the national economy?- What are the effects of these programmes on the environment?- And can scrappage schemes be useful in former socialist countries?
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264180277-en
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  • 45
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    Improving Transport for People with Mobility Handicaps : A Guide to Good Practice (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264182356
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Améliorer les transports pour les personnes à mobilité réduite ; Guide de bonnes pratiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Améliorer les transports pour les personnes à mobilité réduite
    DDC: 380
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport ; Behinderter Mensch ; Verkehrsplanung
    Abstract: A large number of people with mobility handicaps have difficulty using transport systems and this number will increase significantly over the coming decades. It is therefore essential that transport infrastructure and systems are designed and built to cater for their needs. This publication sets out key principles and guidelines for making all transport modes and related infrastructure more accessible. In addition, it provides examples and illustrations of good practice from many different countries. It is intended to help policy makers, planners, architects, and others working in this field, improve accessibility for people with mobility handicaps.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264182356-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 46
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    Online Resource
    Integration of European Inland Transport Markets (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264181694
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Intégration des marchés des transports terrestres européens
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Integration of European inland transport markets
    DDC: 380
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Güterverkehr ; Personenverkehr ; Grenzüberschreitender Verkehr ; Verkehrsrecht ; Rechtsangleichung ; Infrastrukturinvestition ; Öffentlich-private Partnerschaft ; Osteuropa ; Europa ; Schienengüterverkehr ; Europa ; Asien ; Transport ; Europe Economic integration ; Congresses ; Europa ; Transportmarkt ; Integration
    Abstract: The integration of European inland transport markets is a topical issue that has generated a great deal of activity in recent years. The integration of transport markets is a fundamental condition for the development of trade relations and economic activity.This book is an essential tool for all transport professionals. It looks at the most recent transport and investment trends. It then examines the pan-European process of legal harmonisation and adjustment of transport systems and analyses emerging trade and transport links between Europe and Asia. Obstacles at border crossings for international road and rail goods transport are also dealt with along with ways of combating crime in transport. Lastly, the topical issue of public-private partnerships in transport infrastructure financing is tackled and conclusions are presented.
    Note: Franz. Ausg.u.d.T.: Intégration des marchés des transports terrestres européens
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264181694-en
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  • 47
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    Integrating Transport in the City : Reconciling the Economic, Social and Environmental Dimensions (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264180895
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Intégrer les transports dans la ville ; Réconcilier les dimensions économiques, sociales et environnementales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Intégrer les transports dans la ville : Réconcilier les dimensions économiques, sociales et environnementales
    RVK:
    QR 860
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Transport ; Stadtverkehr ; Infrastruktur ; Straßenbenutzungsgebühr
    Abstract: Congestion in cities is a problem of growing importance. New infrastructure for transport however often gives rise to conflicts about how the cost of new services will be met by the public, and about how the demand for travel can be reconciled with efforts to improve the social and environmental quality of life in cities. Unless these conflicts can be managed, public-private partnerships for investment in new infrastructure will be handicapped. The way forward requires a mix of strategies involving better information and communication with the public, better design of projects to take social and environmental objectives into account, a more comprehensive approach to urban development rather than a sectoral strategy, and a better exchange of expertise between private and public sectors. This book is based on a series of case studies of both successes and failures in countries such as Australia, Japan, the United States, France and the United Kingdom. To inform this major debate and help design new strategies for transport integration in the city, this book puts forward the most promising ways to: - respond to urban travel problems; - enhance public/private partnership; and - raise social acceptability of urban transport infrastructure and road tolls.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264180895-en
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  • 48
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    Strategic Environmental Assessment for Transport (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264188174
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'évaluation environnementale stratégique dans le secteur des transports
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Strategic environmental assessment for transport
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Verkehrsplanung ; Umweltbewertung ; Europa ; Welt ; Environmental impact analysis ; Transportation Environmental aspects ; Europe ; Environment ; Transport ; Verkehrspolitik ; Güterverkehr ; Umweltverträglichkeit
    Abstract: Environmental impact assessments are an essential component of making decisions on transport infrastructure investments. Traditional procedures have proved ineffective for impacts that go beyond the scope of projects in isolation. Strategic environmental assessment has emerged in response, to address large scale effects including impacts on traffic across networks, impacts on climate change and biodiversity and the impacts of policy decisions as opposed simply to individual projects. This report examines recent experience in developing environmental assessment internationally and makes recommendations on maximising the effectiveness of this new tool.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264188174-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 49
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    Rail Restructuring in Europe (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163478
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La restructuration des chemins de fer en Europe
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Rail restructuring in Europe
    DDC: 385/.094
    RVK:
    QR 820
    Keywords: Bahnpolitik ; Deregulierung ; Schienenstrecke ; Europa ; Transport ; Europa ; Eisenbahngesellschaft ; Restrukturierung
    Abstract: Europe's railways are going through a period of radical restructuring in the drive to improve their efficiency and competitiveness. The emphasis is on fostering commercial freedom through a clearer separation of the roles of the State and of rail enterprises and through a progressive opening of access to rail infrastructure. This report examines reforms in over 30 countries from the Atlantic to the Urals, characterizing restructuring in terms of management independence, separation of infrastructure from operations and rights of access to rail infrastructure.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: La restructuration des chemins de fer en Europe
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163478-en
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  • 50
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    Intercity Transport Markets in Countries in Transition (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163744
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (296 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: ECMT Round Tables no.106
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le marché des transports interurbains dans les pays en transition
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Intercity transport markets in countries in transition
    DDC: 380
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Transport ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Mitteleuropa ; Verkehrsentwicklung ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Verkehrspolitik ; Osteuropa ; Verkehrsentwicklung ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Verkehrspolitik
    Abstract: After the fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of the previous economic system, the countries of central and eastern Europe went into a deep economic recession, resulting in a decline in Gross Domestic Product that was mirrored by a serious downturn in the transport sector. The transport sector, like the economy in general, changed from a supply-based system to one driven by demand. Decisions were no longer imposed by central planners, but by the market. Round Table 106 set out to assess the state of the transport sector in central and eastern European countries after a period of five to six years of reform. Are the policies currently in place adequate to meet restructuring needs? All of the countries concerned are planning to join the European Union and with that in mind tend to organise their transport sector along the lines of the Community's model of competition. But is this model consistent with the attitudes and realities of former socialist countries? These are some of the issues addressed by the Round Table 106.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Le marché des transports interurbains dans les pays en transition
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163744-en
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  • 51
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    Report on the Current State of Combined Transport in Europe (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163751
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Rapport sur la situation actuelle du transport combiné en Europe
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development Report on the current state of combined transport in Europe
    DDC: 388/.094
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Intermodaler Verkehr ; Europa ; Transport ; Europa ; Kombinierter Verkehr
    Abstract: This report on the current state of combined transport in Europe begins with an overview of combined transport in 30 European countries of the ECMT. It deals with both Central and Eastern European Countries that have recently become Members and the long-standing Member countries for which the most recent developments have been highlighted through the updating of a 1992 study on the improvements of main international piggyback links. The scope of the study, beyond road and rail, has been extended to include inland waterways and short-sea shipping, thus permitting a better evaluation of the current weaknesses of the sector and the possible improvements. On the basis of this report, the Council of Ministers of the ECMT has adopted a series of recommendations directed at all parties concerned in the public and private sectors, at both national and international level, regarding certain elements which are needed to achieve a significant improvement in combined transport and to ensure the sustainable development of the latter. These recommendations are also included in this publication.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Rapport sur la situation actuelle du transport combiné en Europe
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163751-en
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  • 52
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    Infrastructure-Induced Mobility (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163294
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: ECMT Round Tables no.105
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mobilité induite par les infrastructures
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Infrastructure-induced mobility
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: 07.11.1996 ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Verkehrsaufkommen ; Großbritannien ; Österreich ; Spanien ; Transport ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Mobilität
    Abstract: Do roads induce mobility? This might sound like a strange question, yet it only stands to reason that building new roads -- or other infrastructure -- may actually encourage people to use the new additional capacity to travel more. Induced mobility is a hotly debated issue, but the experts are no longer in any doubt that it is a very real phenomenon. However, measuring it is another matter, since we do not have sufficient data or experience in this area. This Round Table presents the data that is available to date on infrastructure-induced mobility. From the introductory reports and discussions, it is clear that much progress has been made in the last few years. As recently as ten years ago, many experts would have disputed the very existence of the induced mobility phenomenon. Today a consensus is emerging: Round Table 105 gives the full report.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163294-en
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  • 53
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    Efficient Transport for Europe : Policies for the Internalisation of External Costs (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163188
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Des transports efficients pour l'Europe ; Politiques pour l'internalisation des coûts externes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Efficient transport for Europe
    RVK:
    QR 800
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Mobilität ; Internalisierung externer Effekte ; Verkehrspolitik ; Europa ; Transport ; Europa ; Verkehrswirtschaft ; Soziale Kosten ; Internalisierung
    Abstract: Pollution, accidents and congestion all cause unnecessary welfare losses, and while transport services are an essential component of economic and social development, their negative side effects are drawing increasing political attention. Internalisation aims to create incentives to reduce these external costs by factoring them into markets. This report summarises the theoretical and practical dimensions to internalisation; reviews recent estimates of external costs; explores the mix of policies that might be used to promote internalisation successfully; and estimates the size of incentives required in monetary terms.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163188-en
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