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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (173)
  • 2020-2022
  • 2010-2014  (173)
  • 1995-1999  (13)
  • 2014  (173)
  • Philosophy  (173)
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Language
Years
Year
  • 1
    Language: English
    Uniform Title: Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns 〈engl.〉
    RVK:
    Keywords: Soziales Handeln ; Interaktion ; Kommunikation ; Gesellschaftstheorie ; Soziologische Theorie ; Sociology ; Philosophy ; Rationalism ; Social action ; Communication ; Philosophy ; Functionalism ; Kommunikatives Handeln
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  • 2
    Book
    Book
    The Hague : Nijhoff
    Language: English
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica ...
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Methodology ; Social sciences ; Philosophy ; Social structure ; Phenomenology ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Phänomenologie
    Note: Später im Verl. Springer, Dordrecht [u.a.], erschienen
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  • 3
    Language: English
    Uniform Title: Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns 〈engl.〉
    Keywords: Sociology ; Philosophy ; Rationalism ; Social action ; Communication ; Philosophy ; Functionalism ; Kommunikatives Handeln
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  • 4
    Language: German , French , English
    Series Statement: Archiv für Rechts- und Sozialphilosophie [N.F.], ...
    Series Statement: Beiheft
    Keywords: Law Congresses ; Interpretation and construction ; Jurisprudence Congresses ; Law Congresses ; Philosophy
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  • 5
    Book
    Book
    Chicago, Ill. [u.a.] : Univ. of Chicago Press
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    Language: English
    Uniform Title: Temps et récit 〈engl.〉
    RVK:
    Keywords: Riœur, Paul ; Temps et récit ; Narration (Rhetoric) ; Time in literature ; Mimesis in literature ; Plots (Drama, novel, etc.) ; History ; Philosophy ; Ricœur, Paul 1913-2005 Temps et récit
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  • 6
    Book
    Book
    Frankfurt/Main : Suhrkamp
    ISBN: 3518287753 , 9783518287750
    Language: German
    Pages: 18 cm
    Edition: [Taschenbuchausg.]
    Additional Information: Rezension Andersen, Heine [Rezension von: Habermas, Jürgen, Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns...] 1996
    Series Statement: Suhrkamp-Taschenbuch Wissenschaft 1175
    Keywords: Sociology ; Communication ; Philosophy ; Rationalisation ; Sociology ; Philosophy ; Rationalism ; Social action ; Communication ; Philosophy ; Functionalism ; Kommunikatives Handeln
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 7
    Book
    Book
    London [u.a.] : Routledge
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    Language: English
    Pages: 21 cm
    DDC: 301/.01
    Keywords: Sociology ; Philosophy ; Reflection (Philosophy)
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes
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  • 8
    Book
    Book
    London [u.a.] : Routledge
    Language: English
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Critical theory ; Sociology ; Philosophy ; Political science ; Philosophy
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  • 9
    Book
    Book
    Frankfurt am Main : Suhrkamp
    Language: German
    RVK:
    Keywords: Sociology ; Philosophy ; Philosophie ; Kritische Theorie
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  • 10
    ISBN: 3434460608
    Language: German
    Edition: [Ausg. in Schriftenreihe]
    Series Statement: Taschenbücher Syndikat/EVA ...
    Keywords: Ethnology ; Philosophy ; Ethnophilosophy ; Religion ; Occultism ; Parapsychology ; Irrationalism (Philosophy) ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Wissenschaft ; Irrationalismus ; Okkultismus ; Parapsychologie
    Note: ISBN, Zusatz zum Sachtitel u. Seriennr. wahrscheinlich vom Schuber
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  • 11
    Language: German
    RVK:
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Methodology ; Social sciences ; Philosophy ; Social structure ; Phenomenology
    Note: Erschienen: Bd. 1 - 3
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9780691097978
    Language: English
    Series Statement: Bollingen series 43
    RVK:
    Keywords: History ; Philosophy ; Early works to 1800 ; Civilization ; Early works to 1800 ; Islam ; Kultur ; Geschichtsphilosophie ; Geschichtstheorie ; Geschichtssoziologie ; Kultursoziologie
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  • 13
    Language: English
    Series Statement: European perspectives
    Uniform Title: Le lieux de mémoire 〈engl.〉
    DDC: 944
    Keywords: France ; Civilization ; Philosophy ; Memory ; Symbolism ; National characteristics, French ; Nationalism ; France ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Frankreich ; Geschichte Anfänge-
    Note: Aus d. Franz. übers. - Revised and abridged translation of the original work in French , Includes bibliographical references (v. 1, p. [533]-612) and index
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  • 14
    ISBN: 3518097180 , 9783518097182
    Language: German
    Pages: 18 cm
    Series Statement: Suhrkamp-Taschenbuch Wissenschaft ...
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 1770-1831
    Note: Register mit dem Zusatz zum Sacht.: in 20 Bänden
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  • 15
    Book
    Book
    Tübingen : Mohr Siebeck
    Language: German
    DDC: 192
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Popper, Karl R. 1902-1994 ; Popper, Karl R. 1902-1994
    Note: Teilw. aus dem Engl. übers.
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  • 16
    ISBN: 192186771X , 9781921867712
    Language: English
    Pages: xxii, 729 Seiten , 24 cm
    Edition: Second edition
    DDC: 199.94
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy History ; Philosophy, New Zealand ; Philosophy History ; Philosophy, Modern 20th century ; Philosophy ; Wörterbuch ; Australien ; Neuseeland ; Philosophie ; Geschichte 1945-
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 17
    ISBN: 1409455262 , 9781409455264 , 9781138637689
    Language: English
    Pages: XI, 257 S.
    Series Statement: Juris diversitas
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Concepts of law
    DDC: 340/.1
    RVK:
    Keywords: Legal polycentricity ; Law Philosophy ; Comparative law ; Law ; Philosophy ; Sociological jurisprudence ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Pluralismus ; Recht ; Rechtswissenschaft
    Note: Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400770461
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIX, 335 p. 40 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Outstanding Contributions to Logic 1
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Philosophy of mind ; Logic design ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Philosophy of mind ; Logic design ; Segerberg, Krister 1936- ; Logik
    Abstract: This volume describes and analyzes in a systematic way the great contributions of the philosopher Krister Segerberg to the study of real and doxastic actions. Following an introduction which functions as a roadmap to Segerberg's works on actions, the first part of the book covers relations between actions, intentions and routines, dynamic logic as a theory of action, agency, and deontic logics built upon the logics of actions. The second section explores belief revision and update, iterated and irrevocable beliefs change, dynamic doxastic logic and hypertheories. Segerberg has worked for more than thirty years to analyze the intricacies of real and doxastic actions using formal tools - mostly modal (dynamic) logic and its semantics. He has had such a significant impact on modal logic that "It is hard to roam for long in modal logic without finding Krister Segerberg's traces," as Johan van Benthem notes in his chapter of this book
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Robert TrypuzPART I -- 1. "Krister Segerberg’s Philosophy of Action"; Richmond Thomason -- 2. "The concept of a routine in Segerberg’s philosophy of action"; Dag Elgesem -- 3. "On the Reconciliation of Logics of Agency and Logics of Event Types"; Jan Broersen -- 4. "Three traditions in the logic of action: bringing them together"; Andreas Herzig, Tiago de Lima, Emiliano Lorini, and Nicolas Troquard -- 5. "Deontic Logics based on Boolean Algebra"; Pablo Castro and Piotr Kulicki -- 6. "Dynamic Deontic Logic, Segerberg-Style"; John-Jules Meyer -- PART II -- 7. "Contraction, Revision, Expansion - Representing Belief Change Operations"; Sven Ove Hansson -- 8. "Segerberg on the Paradoxes of Introspective Belief Change"; Erik J Olsson and Sebastian Enqvist -- 9. "Equivalent Beliefs in Dynamic Doxastic Logic"; Robert Goldblatt -- 10. "On revocable and irrevocable belief revision"; Hans van Ditmarsch -- 11. "Actions, belief update, and DDL"; Jérôme Lang -- 12. "DDL as an “Internalization” of Dynamic Belief Revision"; Alexandru Baltag, Virginie Fiutek, and Sonja Smets.- 13. "Two logical faces of belief revision"; Johan van Benthem.
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9789400770829
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 280 p. 7 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Advances in Business Ethics Research, A Journal of Business Ethics Book Series 4
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Accounting for the public interest
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Auditing ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Auditing ; Rechnungslegung ; Ethik ; Rechnungslegung ; Ethik
    Abstract: This volume explores the opportunities and challenges facing the accounting profession in an increasingly globalized business and financial reporting environment. It looks back at past experiences of the profession in attempting to meet its public interest obligation. It examines the role and responsibilities of accounting to society including regulatory requirements, increased emphasis on corporate social responsibility, accounting fraud and whistle-blowing implications, internationalization of public interest obligations, and providing the education needed to be successful. The book incorporates an ethical dimension in making these assessments. Its focus is a conceptual, theoretical one drawing on classical philosophy, the sociology of professions, economic theory, and the public interest dimension of accountants as professionals. The authors of papers are long-time contributors to the annual symposium on Research in Accounting Ethics sponsored by the Public Interest Section of the AAA.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Cover
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9789400771161
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 235 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Sophia Studies in Cross-cultural Philosophy of Traditions and Cultures 5
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Secularisations and their debates
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Political science Philosophy ; Social sciences ; Anthropology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Political science Philosophy ; Social sciences ; Anthropology ; Atheismus gnd ; Neue Religiosität gnd ; Secularism ; Secularization ; Säkularisierung gnd ; Säkularismus gnd ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Westliche Welt ; Säkularisierung ; Neue Religiosität
    Abstract: This volume explores timely topics in contemporary political and social debates, including: the new atheisms, the debate between Habermas and the Pope on the fate of modernity, and the impact of new scientific developments on traditional religions. This book collects articles first presented at the Deakin University "World in Crisis" workshop, held November 2010 by leading Australasian philosophers and theologians. It addresses questions raised by the recent, much-touted return to religion, including possible reasons for the return and its practical, political, and intellectual prospects. Secularisation and Their Debates is not afraid to provide answers to such questions as: Is religion only ever a force of political reaction in modernity, or are there resources in it which progressive, even secular social movements, could engage with or adopt? Are the new atheisms, or on the opposite side, the new fundamentalisms, really novel phenomena, or has religion only ever been artificially sidelined in the modern Western states? Has modern liberalism only really been kidding itself about its non-doctrinal neutrality between different faiths, and if so, what should follow? This book will appeal to researchers in the philosophy of religion, social sciences, political philosophy, and anthropology
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction: Secularization and its DiscontentsM. Sharpe, D. Nickelson -- 2. Disenchantments of secularism: the West and India, P. Bilimoria -- 3. Locke, secularism and the justice of the secular solution: towards a self-reflective transcending of secular-self understanding, P.A. Quadrio -- 4. Marx and the Christian logic of the secular state, R.  Boer -- 5. Spirit matters: Life after secularism and religion? J. Rossouw -- 6. Counter-secularism: parsing the theological cure for our modern malady, D. Nickelson -- 7. ‘In the Beginning Was .. the Story’? On Secularisation, Narrative, and Nominalisms, M. Sharpe -- 8. Enjoy your Enlightenment! New Atheism, fanaticism and the joys of other people’s illusions, B. Cooke -- 9. Against fundamentalism: The silence of the Divine in the work of Karen Armstrong, P. Brown -- 10. Secularism stuck in the End-Times: From Alexandre Kojève to the recent Messianic Turn, R. Jeffs -- 11. Charles Taylor’s search for transcendence: mystery, suffering, violence, J. Rundell -- 12. Towards post-secular Enlightenment, W. Hudson.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9783319013695
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 349 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Library of ethics and applied philosophy 32
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Empirically informed ethics
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Biology Philosophy ; Applied psychology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Biology Philosophy ; Applied psychology ; Konferenzschrift 2010 ; Empirische Forschung ; Moralisches Urteil
    Abstract: This volume provides an overview of the most recent developments in empirical investigations of morality and assesses their impact and importance for ethical thinking. It involves contributions of scholars both from philosophy, theology and empirical sciences with firm standings in their own disciplines, but an inclination to step across borders-in particular the one between the world of facts and the world of norms. Human morality is complex, and probably even messy-and this clean distinction becomes blurred whenever one looks more closely at the various components that enable and influence our moral actions and ethical orientations. In that way, morality may indeed be located between facts and norms-and an empirically informed ethics that is less concerned with analytical purity but immerses into this moral complexity may be an important step to make the contributions of ethics to this world more valuable and relevant
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Bridging the Is-Ought-DichotomyPart I: What is Empirically Informed Ethics? -- Markus Christen, Mark Alfano’ Outlining the Field - A Research Program for Empirically Informed Ethics -- Johannes Fischer; What Kind of Ethics? - How the Understanding of the Fields Affects the Role of Empirical Research on Morality for Ethics -- Adriano Naves de Brito; Moral Behavior and Moral Sentiments - On the Natural Basis for Moral Values -- Part II: Investigating Origins of Morality -- Carel P. van Schaik, Judith Burkart, Adrian Jaeggi, Claudia Rudolf von Rohr; Morality as a Biological Adaptation - an Evolutionary Model based on the Lifestyle of Human Foragers -- Sarah F. Brosnan; Precursors of Morality - Evidence for Moral Behaviors in Non-Human Primates -- Jesse J. Prinz; Where Do Morals Come From? - A Plea for a Cultural Approach -- Part III: Assessing the Moral Agent -- Carmen Tanner, Markus Christen; Moral Intelligence - A Framework for Understanding Moral Competences -- Kristin Prehn, Hauke Heekeren; Moral Brains - Possibilities and Limits of the Neuroscience of Ethics -- Shaun Nichols, Mark Timmons, Theresa Lopez; Using Experiments in Ethics - Ethical Conservatism and the Psychology of Moral Luck -- Part IV: Justifications between Rational Reflections and Intuitions -- Ghislaine J.M.W. van Thiel, Johannes J.M. van Delden; Intuitions in Moral Reasoning - Normative Empirical Reflective Equilibrium as a Model for Substantial Justification of Moral Claims -- Bert Musschenga; Moral Expertise - The Role of Expert Judgments and Expert Intuitions in the Constitution of (Local) Ethical Theories -- Erich H. Witte &, Tobias Gollan; Social Variability in Moral Judgments - Analyzing the Justification of Actions using the Prescriptive Attribution Concept -- Part V: Practicing Morality and Ethics in the Real World; Darcia Narvaez, Daniel Lapsley -- Becoming a Moral Person - Moral Development and Moral Character Education as a Result of Social Interactions -- Markus Huppenbauer, Carmen Tanner; Ethical Leadership - How to Integrate Empirical and Ethical Aspects for Promoting Moral Decision Making in Business Practice -- Tanja Krones; The Empirical Turn in Bioethics - From Boundary Work to a Context-Sensitive, Transdisciplinary Field of Inquiry -- Critical Postscript -- Antti Kauppinen; Ethics and Empirical Psychology - Critical Remarks to Empirically Informed Ethics -- References -- Index -- Authors.
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    ISBN: 9783319023120
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 246 p. 2 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: AMINTAPHIL: The Philosophical Foundations of Law and Justice 5
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Philosophical perspectives on democracy in the 21st century
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Political science Philosophy ; Social policy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Political science Philosophy ; Social policy
    Abstract: This work offers a timely philosophical analysis of fundamental principles of democracy and the meaning of democracy today. It explores the influence of big money and capitalism on democracy, the role of information and the media in democratic elections, and constitutional issues that challenge democracy in the wake of increased threats to privacy since 2001 and in light of the Citizens United decision of the US Supreme Court. It juxtaposes alternate positions from experts in law and philosophy and examines the question of legitimacy, as well as questions about the access to information, the quality of information, the obligations to attain epistemic competence among the electorate, and the power of money. Drawing together different political perspectives, as well as a variety of disciplines, this collection allows readers the opportunity to compare different and opposing moral and political solutions that both defend and transform democratic theory and practice
    Description / Table of Contents: Table of ContentsAcknowledgement -- About the Authors -- 1. Philosophical Perspectives on Democracy in the 21st Century: Introduction; Ann E. Cudd and Sally J. Scholz.- Part I. The Meaning of Democracy.- 2. Democracy: A Paradox of Rights?; Emily R. Gill.- 3. Rights and the American Constitution: The Issue of Judicial Review and its Compatibility with Democracy; Rex Martin.- 4. Democracy as a Social Myth; Richard T. DeGeorge.- Part II. The Current Polarization.- 5. Political Polarization and the Markets vs. Government Debate; Stephen Nathanson.- 6. Two Visions of Democracy; Richard Barron Parker.- 7. Proportional Representation, the Single Transferable Vote, and Electoral Pragmatism; Richard Nunan.- 8. The Problem of Democracy in the Context of Polarization; Imer B. Flores.- Part III. Democracy, Capitalism, and the Influence of Big Money.- 9. Is Justice Possible under Welfare State Capitalism?; Steven P Lee.- 10. Rawls on Inequality, Social Segregation and Democracy; Mark Navin.- 11. Mass Democracy in a Postfactual Market Society: Citizens United and the Role of Corporate Political Speech; F. Patrick Hubbard.- 12. A Tsunami of Filthy Lucre: How the Decisions of the SCOTUS Imperil American Democracy; Jonathan Schonsheck.- 13. Democracy and Economic Inequality; Alistair M. Macleod.- Part IV. Democratic Decisions and the (Un) Informed Public.- 14. Epistocracy Within Public Reason; Jason Brennan.- 15. Journalists as Purveyors of Partial Truths; Russell Waltz.- 16. Motivated Reasoning, Group Identification, and Representative Democracy; Kenneth Henley.- 17. Republics, Passions and Protests; Wade L. Robison -- Index.
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9789400738645
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 219 p. 5 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Public Health Ethics Analysis 2
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Disaster bioethics: normative issues when nothing is normal
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Social sciences ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Social sciences ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Katastrophenmedizin ; Ethik
    Abstract: This book provides an early exploration of the new field of disaster bioethics: examining the ethical issues raised by disasters. Healthcare ethics issues are addressed in the first part of this book. Large-scale casualties lead to decisions about who to treat and who to leave behind, cultural challenges, and communication ethics. The second part focuses on disaster research ethics. With the growing awareness of the need for evidence to guide disaster preparedness and response, more research is being conducted in disasters. Any research involving humans raises ethical questions and requires appropriate regulation and oversight. The authors explore how disaster research can take account of survivors? vulnerability, informed consent, the sudden onset of disasters, and other ethical issues. Both parts examine ethical challenges where seeking to do good, harm can be done. Faced with overwhelming needs and scarce resources, no good solution may be apparent. But choosing the less wrong option can have a high price. In addition, what might seem right at home may not be seen to be right elsewhere. This book provides in-depth and practical reflection on these and other challenging ethical questions arising during disasters. Scholars and practitioners who gathered at the Brocher Foundation in Geneva, Switzerland in 2011 offer their reflections to promote further dialogue so that those devastated by disasters are respected by being treated in the most ethically sound ways possible.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 Disaster Bioethics: An IntroductionChapter 2 Macro-triage in Disaster Planning -- Chapter 3 Ethics and Emergency Disaster Response. Normative Approaches and Training Needs for Humanitarian Health Care Providers -- Chapter 4 Triage in Disaster Medicine: Ethical Strategies in Various Scenarios            Chapter 5 When Relief Comes from a Different Culture: Sri Lanka’s Experience of the Asian Tsunami References -- Chapter 6 Ethical Issues in Health Communications: Strategies for the (Inevitable) Next Pandemic -- Chapter 7 Evidence and Healthcare needs during Disasters -- Part II -- Chapter 8 Interests Divided: Risks to Disaster Research Subjects vs. Benefits to Future Disaster Victims -- Chapter 9 Purple Dinosaurs and Victim Consent to Research in Disasters -- Chapter 10 Setting Disaster Research Priorities. - Chapter 11 Studying Vulnerable Populations in the Context of Enhanced Vulnerability -- Chapter 12 Research Ethics Governance in Disaster Situations -- Chapter 13 Ethical Concerns in Disaster Research - A South African Perspective -- References -- Appendix I - Code of Conduct for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and NGOs in Disaster Relief -- Appendix II - WMA Statement on Medical Ethics in the Event of Disasters -- Index .
    Note: Includes index
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400779174
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 187 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Campbell, Catherine Galko Persons, identity, and political theory
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Political science Philosophy ; Hochschulschrift ; Politische Identität ; Liberalismus ; Kommunitarismus ; Politische Identität ; Liberalismus ; Kommunitarismus ; Rawls, John 1921-2002 A theory of justice
    Abstract: This book examines the conception of the person at work in John Rawls’s writings from Theory of Justice to Justice as Fairness: A Restatement. The book aims to show that objections to Rawls’s political conception of the person fail and that a Rawlsian conception of political identity is defensible. The book shows that the debate between liberals and communitarians is relevant to the current debate regarding perfectionism and neutrality in politics, and clarifies the debate between Rawls and communitarians in a way that will promote fruitful discussion on the issue of political identity. It does this by providing a clearer account of a conception of personal identity according to which persons are socially constituted, including the intuitions and assumptions underlying the communitarians’ conception of persons as “socially constituted.” It examines the communitarian objections to liberal political theory and to the liberal conception of persons, the “unencumbered self.” The book differentiates between two types of objection to the liberal conception of persons: the metaphysical and normative. It explains Rawls's political conception of persons, and the metaphysical and normative commitments Rawls incurs-and does not incur-in virtue of that conception. It shows that both kind of objection to Rawls's political conception of the person fail. Finally, modifying Rawls’s political conception of the person, a Rawlsian conception of political identity is explained and defended.
    Description / Table of Contents: DedicationAcknowledgments -- Table of Contents -- Chapter 1: Political Identity, Perfectionism and Neutrality -- Chapter 2: Personal Identity and Liberal Political Theory -- Chapter 3: Clarification of the Liberal/Communitarian Debate and Metaphysical Objections to Rawls’s Conception of the Person.- Chapter 4: Taylor’s Conception of Persons and His Theory of Personal Identity.- Chapter 5: Defense of the Original Position.- Chapter 6: Objections to Rawls’s Political Conception of Persons -- Chapter 7: Defense of Rawls’s Political Conception of the Person.- Chapter 8: Rawlsian Political Identity -- Index.
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    ISBN: 9783319034522
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 220 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 370
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Montano, Ulianov Explaining beauty in mathematics: an aesthetic theory of mathematics
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Logic ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Logic ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Schönheit ; Mathematik ; Ästhetik
    Abstract: This book develops a naturalistic aesthetic theory that accounts for aesthetic phenomena in mathematics in the same terms as it accounts for more traditional aesthetic phenomena. Building upon a view advanced by James McAllister, the assertion is that beauty in science does not confine itself to anecdotes or personal idiosyncrasies, but rather that it had played a role in shaping the development of science. Mathematicians often evaluate certain pieces of mathematics using words like beautiful, elegant, or even ugly. Such evaluations are prevalent, however, rigorous investigation of them, of mathematical beauty, is much less common. The volume integrates the basic elements of aesthetics, as it has been developed over the last 200 years, with recent findings in neuropsychology as well as a good knowledge of mathematics. The volume begins with a discussion of the reasons to interpret mathematical beauty in a literal or non-literal fashion, which also serves to survey historical and contemporary approaches to mathematical beauty. The author concludes that literal approaches are much more coherent and fruitful, however, much is yet to be done. In this respect two chapters are devoted to the revision and improvement of McAllister’s theory of the role of beauty in science. These antecedents are used as a foundation to formulate a naturalistic aesthetic theory. The central idea of the theory is that aesthetic phenomena should be seen as constituting a complex dynamical system which the author calls the aesthetic as process theory. The theory comprises explications of three central topics: aesthetic experience (in mathematics), aesthetic value and aesthetic judgment. The theory is applied in the final part of the volume and is used to account for the three most salient and often used aesthetic terms often used in mathematics: beautiful, elegant and ugly. This application of the theory serves to illustrate the theory in action, but also to further discuss and develop some details and to showcase the theory’s explanatory capabilities
    Description / Table of Contents: IntroductionPart 1. Antecedents -- Chapter 1. On Non-literal Approaches -- Chapter 2. Beautiful, Literally -- Chapter 3. Ugly, Literally -- Chapter 4. Problems of the Aesthetic Induction -- Chapter 5. Naturalizing the Aesthetic Induction -- Part 2. An Aesthetics of Mathematics -- Chapter 6. Introduction to a Naturalistic Aesthetic Theory -- Chapter 7. Aesthetic Experience -- Chapter 8. Aesthetic Value -- Chapter 9. Aesthetic Judgement I: Concept -- Chapter 10. Aesthetic Judgement II: Functions -- Chapter 11. Mathematical Aesthetic Judgements -- Part 3. Applications -- Chapter 12. Case Analysis I: Beauty -- Chapter 13. Case Analysis II: Elegance -- Chapter 14. Case Analysis III: Ugliness, Revisited -- Chapter 15. Issues of Mathematical Beauty, Revisited.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    ISBN: 9783319017075
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXV, 398 p. 3 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 70
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. The multidimensionality of hermeneutic phenomenology
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Technology Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Technology Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Phänomenologie ; Hermeneutik
    Abstract: This book offers new reflections on the life world, from both phenomenological and hermeneutic perspectives. It presents a prism for a new philosophy of science and technology, especially including the social sciences but also the environment as well as questions of ethics and philosophical aesthetics in addition to exploring the themes of theology and religion. Inspired by the many contributions made by the philosopher Joseph Kockelmans, this book examines the past, present, and future prospects of hermeneutic phenomenology. It raises key questions of truth and method as well as highlights both continental and analytic traditions of philosophy. Contributors to The Multidimensionality of Hermeneutic Phenomenology include leading scholars in the field as well as new voices representing analytic philosophers of science, hermeneutic and phenomenological philosophers of science, scholars of comparative literature, theorists of environmental studies, specialists in phenomenological ethics, and experts in classical hermeneutics
    Description / Table of Contents: ForewordD. Ginev, The Universality of Hermeneutics in Joseph Kockelmans’s Version of Hermeneutic Phenomenology -- Introduction -- B. Babich, The Multidimensionality of Hermeneutic Phenomenology: Philology, Science, Technology, Theology -- PART I. Cognition, Bio-Hermeneutics, and Lifeworld -- N. Rescher, A Paradox of Cognition -- D. Ginev, The Articulation of a Scientific Domain from the Viewpoint of Hermeneutic Phenomenology: The Case of Vectorial Metabolism -- G. Schiemann, Husserl and Schütz: Reflections on Science and Life-World -- G. Leghissa, Phenomenology and the Humanities or Towards a Critical Genealogy of the Life-World -- R. Frodeman, Hermeneutics in the Field: The Philosophy of Geology -- R. Crease, The Metroscape: Phenomenology of Measurement -- PART II. Hermeneutic and Phenomenological Philosophy of Science and Technology -- P. Heelan, Consciousness, Quantum Physics, and Hermeneutical Phenomenology -- M. Stölzner, Die ewige Wiederkunft wissenschaftlich betrachtet. Oskar Beckers Nietzscheinterpretation im Kontext -- T. Kisiel, Heidegger and Our 21st Century Experience of Ge-Stell -- B. Babich, Constellating Technology: Heidegger’s Die Gefahr / The Danger -- L. Ma & J. V. Brakel, What Modern Science Is: ‘Technology’ -- H. Schmid, Logos and the Essence of Technology -- PART III. Philosophical Truth, Hermeneutic Aesthetics, and History of Philosophy -- G. Nicholson, On the Manifold Meaning of Truth in Aristotle -- J. Malpas, The Twofold Character of Truth: Heidegger, Davidson, Tugendhat -- J. Faye, What can Philosophy of Science Learn from Hermeneutics-What Can Hermeneutics Learn From Philosophy of Science? With an Excursus on Botticelli -- E. Berti, The Classical Notion of Person and its Criticism by Modern Philosophy -- PART IV.Hermeneutic Science and First Philosophy, Theology and the Universe -- P. Kerszberg, Philosophie des sciences et philosophie première -- A. Peperzak, A Re-Reading of Heidegger’s “Phenomenology and Theology” -- R. Gasché, The Remainders of Faith: On Karl Löwith’s Conception of Secularization -- S. Glynn, The Hermeneutics of God, the Universe, and Everything -- Contributors -- Index.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    ISBN: 9783319034317
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 265 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in the History of Philosophy of Mind 13
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Ahonen, Marke Mental disorders in ancient philosophy
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of mind ; Consciousness ; Psychology History ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of mind ; Consciousness ; Psychology History ; Hochschulschrift ; Psychose ; Antike ; Philosophie ; Antike ; Philosophie ; Psychische Störung
    Abstract: This book offers a comprehensive study of the views of ancient philosophers on mental disorders. Relying on the original Greek and Latin textual sources, the author describes and analyses how the ancient philosophers explained mental illness and its symptoms, including hallucinations, delusions, strange fears and inappropriate moods, and how they accounted for the respective roles of body and mind in such disorders. Also considered are ethical questions relating to mental illness, approaches to treatment and the position of mentally ill people in societies of the times. The volume opens with a historical overview that examines ancient medical accounts of mental illness, from Hippocrates' famous Sacred Disease to late antiquity medical authors. Separate chapters interpret in detail the writings of Plato, Aristotle, Galen and the Stoics, and a final chapter summarises the views of various strains of Scepticism, the Epicurean school and the Middle and Neo-Platonists. Offering an important and useful contribution to the study of ancient philosophy, psychology and medicine, This volume sheds new light on the history of mental illness, and presents a new angle on ancient philosophical psychology
    Description / Table of Contents: IntroductionChapter 1. Medical and Cultural Background -- Chapter 2. Plato on madness and mental disorders -- Chapter 3. The Aristotelian concept of mental disorders -- Chapter 4. The Stoics on the kinds of madness -- Chapter 5. Galen on the diseases of the mind and soul -- Chapter 6. Other philosophical traditions -- Appendix A. Aristotle and Caelius Aurelianus on homosexuality -- Appendix B. Philosophers as mental patients in ancient tradition.
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9783319042626
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 233 p. 7 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 48
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Timmerman, Peter Moral contract theory and social cognition
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Political science Philosophy ; Applied psychology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Political science Philosophy ; Applied psychology ; Vertrag ; Metapher ; Sozialphilosophie
    Abstract: This interdisciplinary work draws on research from psychology and behavioral economics to evaluate the plausibility of moral contract theory. In a compelling manner with implications for moral theory more broadly, the author’s novel approach resolves a number of key contingencies in contractarianism and contractualism. Acting in accordance with principles that we could all agree to under certain conditions requires that agents are capable of taking up the perspectives of others. Research in social and developmental psychology shows just how challenging this can be. The author discusses in detail what implications findings on perspective-taking have for contract theory. He concludes with cautious optimism that, despite our limitations, it lies within our power to become better at perspective-taking and to adopt a contractarian or contractualist mode of moral thinking. This does however require us to be much more attentive to the standpoints of others than we tend to be. Contract theorists also assume that agents can be moved to comply with principles that would be the object of agreement, with some arguing they can be so moved out of their own interest. The book show that, in contrast to the suspicion of many philosophers, this idea is largely supported by research on the dynamics of trust and our ability to distinguish trustworthy from untrustworthy others. Bringing a welcome dose of realism to the debate on contract theory, the author shows the value of assessing moral theories from an empirical perspective
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgements.- I Introduction.- 1 The Practicability Assumption2 Contract Theory and Perspective-Taking -- 3 Perspective-Taking in Moral Judgment.- 4 Perspective-Taking Accuracy and the Contract Test.- 5 How to Use a Contract Test -- II The Translucency Assumption.- 6 Contract Theory and Translucency.- 7 Translucency and the Irrationality of Straightforward Maximization.- 8 Why Not Be an Opportunist?.- 9 When Constrained Maximization is Rational -- 10 Conclusions.- Appendix.-  Index.
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9783319043616
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 293 p. 5 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in the History of Philosophy of Mind 14
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Active perception in the history of philosophy
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of mind ; Consciousness ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of mind ; Consciousness
    Abstract: The aim of the present work is to show the roots of the conception of perception as an active process, tracing the history of its development from Plato to modern philosophy. The contributors inquire into what activity is taken to mean in different theories, challenging traditional historical accounts of perception that stress the passivity of percipients in coming to know the external world. Special attention is paid to the psychological and physiological mechanisms of perception, rational and non-rational perception, and the role of awareness in the perceptual process. Perception has often been conceived as a process in which the passive aspects - such as the reception of sensory stimuli - were stressed and the active ones overlooked. However, during recent decades research in cognitive science and philosophy of mind has emphasized the activity of the subject in the process of sense perception, often associating this activity to the notions of attention and intentionality. Although it is recognized that there are ancient roots to the view that perception is fundamentally active, the history remains largely unexplored. The book is directed to all those interested in contemporary debates in the fields of philosophy of mind and cognitive psychology who would like to become acquainted with the historical background of active perception, but for historical reliability the aim is to make no compromises
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction: The World as a Stereogram; José Filipe Silva and Mikko Yrjönsuuri2. Plato: Interaction Between the External Body and the Perceiver in the Timaeus; Pauliina Remes -- 3. Activity, Passivity, and Perceptual Discrimination in Aristotle; Klaus Corcilius -- 4. On Activity and Passivity in Perception: Aristotle, Philoponus, and Pseudo-Simplicius; Miira Tuominen -- 5. Augustine on Active Perception; José Filipe Silva -- 6. Avicenna on the Soul’s Activity in Perception; Jari Kaukua -- 7. Medieval Theories of Active Perception: An Overview; José Filipe Silva -- 8. Agent Sense in Averroes and Latin Averroism; Jean-Baptiste Brenet -- 9. Active Perception from Nicholas of Cusa to Thomas Hobbes; Cees Leijenhorst.-10. Seeing Distance; Mikko Yrjönsuuri -- 11. Descartes and Active Perception; Cecilia Wee -- 12 Locke and Active Perception; Vili Lähteenmäki -- 13. Spinoza on Activity in Sense Perception; Valtteri Viljanen.-14. Berkeley and Activity in Visual Perception; Ville Paukkonen.-15. Activity and Passivity in Theories of Perception: Descartes to Kant; Gary Hatfield. .
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9781402068171
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 211 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: The International Library of Ethics, Law and Technology 10
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. In pursuit of nanoethics
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Law ; Economics ; Social sciences ; Nanotechnology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Law ; Economics ; Social sciences ; Nanotechnology ; Nanotechnology ; Moral and ethical aspects ; Nanotechnology ; Social aspects
    Abstract: This volume assembles an interdisciplinary team of leading academics, industry figures, policymakers and NGO’s to consider the legal, ethical and social issues that are raised by innovations in nanoscience and nanotechnology. By bringing together international experts from a diverse range of fields this volume addresses the implications and impact that nanotechnology has on society. Through the exploration of six key themes the contributors analyse both the impact of nanotechnology and the emergence of the concept of nanoethics. Each section includes authors from both sides of the political and scientific divide - incorporating both positive and negative perspectives on nanotechnology, as well as including discussions of associated concepts such as converging technologies. The result provides for the widest and most balanced discussion of these issues to date
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789048129362
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 404 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Dao Companions to Chinese Philosophy 3
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Dao Companion to Classical Confucian Philosophy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Regional planning ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Regional planning ; Religion (General) ; Laozi Dao de jing ; Konfuzianismus ; Chinesische Philosophie ; China ; Konfuzianismus ; Politische Ethik ; Angewandte Ethik ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: This volume presents both a historical and a systematic examination of the philosophy of classical Confucianism. Taking into account newly unearthed materials and the most recent scholarship, it features contributions by experts in the field, ranging from senior scholars to outstanding early career scholars. The book first presents the historical development of classical Confucianism, detailing its development amidst a fading ancient political theology and a rising wave of creative humanism. It examines the development of the philosophical ideas of Confucius as well as his disciples and his grandson Zisi, the Zisi-Mencius School, Mencius, and Xunzi. Together with this historical development, the book analyzes and critically assesses the philosophy in the Confucian Classics and other major works of these philosophers. The second part systematically examines such philosophical issues as feeling and emotion, the aesthetic appreciation of music, wisdom in poetry, moral psychology, virtue ethics, political thoughts, the relation with the Ultimate Reality, and the concept of harmony in Confucianism. The Philosophy of Classical Confucianism offers an unparalleled examination to the philosophers, basic texts and philosophical concepts and ideas of Classical Confucianism as well as the recently unearthed bamboo slips related to Classical Confucianism. It will prove itself a valuable reference to undergraduate and postgraduate university students and teachers in philosophy, Chinese history, History, Chinese language and Culture
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction: Classical Confucianism in Historical and Comparative Context, Vincent ShenPART I. Historical Development -- 2. The Fading of Political Theology and the Rise of Creative Humanism, Vincent Shen -- 3. The Philosophy of Confucius, NI Peimin -- 4. The Philosophy of Confucius’ Disciples, LO Yuet Keung -- 5. Zisi and the Thought of Zisi and Mencius School, TSAI Zheng-Feng -- 6. The Daxue (Great Learning) and the Zhongyong (Doctrine of the Mean).  Andrew H. Plaks -- 7. Philosophical Thought of Mencius, CHAN Wing-cheuk -- 8. Xunzi as a Systematic Philosopher: Toward Organic Unity of Nature, Mind, and Reason, CHENG Chung-ying -- PART II. Philosophical Issues -- 9. Early Confucian Perspectives on Emotions, Curie Virac -- 10. Art and Aesthetics of Music in Classical Confucianism, Johanna Liu -- 11. Wisdom and Hermeneutics of Poetry in Classical Confucianism, Vincent Shen -- 12. Early Confucian Moral Psychology, SHUN Kwong-loi -- 13. Early Confucian Virtue Ethics: The Virtues of Junzi , Antonio Cua† -- 14. Early Confucian Political Philosophy and Its Contemporary Relevance, BAI Tongdong -- 15. Ultimate Reality and Self-cultivation in Early Confucianism: A Conceptual/Existential Approach , YAN Zhong-hu -- 16. Confucian Harmony: A Philosophical Analysis, LI Chengyang -- List of contributors -- Index.
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9789400769670
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 746 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in the History of Philosophy of Mind 12
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Sourcebook for the history of the philosophy of mind
    Parallel Title: Print version Sourcebook for the History of the Philosophy of Mind : Philosophical Psychology from Plato to Kant
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, medieval ; Philosophy of mind ; Psychology History ; Philosophy ; Philosophy of Mind ; Geschichte ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Fresh translations of key texts, exhaustive coverage from Plato to Kant, and detailed commentary by expert scholars of philosophy add up to make this sourcebook the first and most comprehensive account of the history of the philosophy of mind. Published at a time when the philosophy of mind and philosophical psychology are high-profile domains in current research, the volume will inform our understanding of philosophical questions by shedding light on the origins of core conceptual assumptions often arrived at before the instauration of psychology as a recognized subject in its own right. The chapters closely follow historical developments in our understanding of the mind, with sections dedicated to ancient, medieval Latin and Arabic, and early modern periods of development. The volume’s structural clarity enables readers to trace the entire progression of philosophical understanding on specific topics related to the mind, such as the nature of perception. Doing so reveals the fascinating contrasts between current and historical approaches. In addition to its all-inclusive source material, the volume provides subtle expert commentary that includes critical introductions to each thematic section as well as detailed engagement with the central texts. A voluminous bibliography includes hundreds of primary and secondary sources. The sheer scale of this new publication sheds light on the progression, and discontinuities, in our study of the philosophy of mind, and represents a major new sourcebook in a field of extreme importance to our understanding of humanity as a whole
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400773264
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 204 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Ethical Economy, Studies in Economic Ethics and Philosophy
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Finance ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Finance
    Abstract: The aim of this book is to deepen our understanding of financial crimes as phenomena. It uses concepts of existential philosophies that are relevant to dissecting the phenomenon of financial crimes. With the help of these concepts, the book makes clear what the impact of financial crimes is on the way a human being defines himself or the way he focuses on a given notion of humankind. The book unveils how the growth of financial crimes has contributed to the increase of the anthropological gap, and how the phenomenon of financial crimes now distorts the way we understand humankind. Using the existential philosophies of Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Jaspers, Buber, Heidegger, Marcel, Tillich, and Sartre, the book sheds light on how these philosophies can help to better perceive and describe financial crimes. The book provides readers with existential principles that will help them be more efficient when they have to design and implement prevention strategies against corporate crime
    Description / Table of Contents: IntroductionChapter 1- Existential/Existentiell Philosophy -- 1.1 The Precursors of Existential/Existentiell Philosophy (Kierkegaard, Nietzsche) -- 1.2 Existentiell-Ontical Philosophy (Jaspers, Buber, Marcel) -- 1.3 Existentialism (Sartre) -- 1.4 Existential-Ontological Philosophy (Heidegger) -- Chapter 2- Nietzsche and Informal Value Transfer Systems (IVTS) -- The Will to Truth -- The Nietzschean Will to Power : The Way Beyond Morality -- The Nietzschean Way Beyond Nihilism -- Informal Value Tranfer Systems (IVTS) and Nietzsche’s interpretation of interpretation -- Chapter 3- Kierkegaard and the Aesthetic/Ethical Life-View : The Issue of Money Laundering -- 3.1 Kierkegaard’s Notions of Aesthetic and Ethical Life -- 3.2Moral Reasoning and the Phenomenon of Money Laundering -- Chapter 4- Jaspers and Buber about Communication : The Issue of Bribery -- Jaspers’ View on Truth and Communication -- Buber’s View on Dialogue -- Bribery as Distorted Communication -- Chapter 5- A Heideggerian and Marcellian View on Technology : The Philosophical Challenge of Cybercrime -- Heidegger’s View on the Essence of Technology -- Marcel’s View on Technology -- Cybercrime and the Relevance of Heidegger’s and Marcel’s Philosophy -- Chapter 6- Tillichian Courage to Be, or How to Fight Fraudulent Practices : Tillich and Existentialism -- The Courage to Resist Non-Being -- The Interdependence between the Courage to Be Oneself and the Courage to Be a Part of Conmmunity -- The Courage of Despair and the Courage to Accept God’s Acceptance -- The Courage to Be and Fraudulent Practices -- Chapter 7- Organizational Life as Narrative : A Sartrean View on Prevention Strategies Against Financial Crimes -- Organizational Life as Narrative -- Fighting Financial Crimes and Pursuing the Main Objectives of Communicational Exchanges Within Organizational Life -- The Other as Partner of Communicational Exchange Within Organizational Life -- Conclusion -- Bibliography.
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    ISBN: 9783319004044
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 285 p. 63 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 364
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Rodin, Andrei Axiomatic method and category theory
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Algebra ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Algebra ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Axiomatische Methode ; Kategorientheorie ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Mathematik
    Abstract: This volume explores the many different meanings of the notion of the axiomatic method, offering an insightful historical and philosophical discussion about how these notions changed over the millennia. The author, a well-known philosopher and historian of mathematics, first examines Euclid, who is considered the father of the axiomatic method, before moving onto Hilbert and Lawvere. He then presents a deep textual analysis of each writer and describes how their ideas are different and even how their ideas progressed over time. Next, the book explores category theory and details how it has revolutionized the notion of the axiomatic method. It considers the question of identity/equality in mathematics as well as examines the received theories of mathematical structuralism. In the end, Rodin presents a hypothetical New Axiomatic Method, which establishes closer relationships between mathematics and physics. Lawvere's axiomatization of topos theory and Voevodsky's axiomatization of higher homotopy theory exemplify a new way of axiomatic theory building, which goes beyond the classical Hilbert-style Axiomatic Method. The new notion of Axiomatic Method that emerges in categorical logic opens new possibilities for using this method in physics and other natural sciences. This volume offers readers a coherent look at the past, present and anticipated future of the Axiomatic Method
    Description / Table of Contents: IntroductionPart I A Brief History of the Axiomatic Method -- Chapter 1. Euclid: Doing and Showing -- Chapter 2. Hilbert: Making It Formal -- Chapter 3. Formal Axiomatic Method and the 20th Century Mathematics -- Chapter. 4 Lawvere: Pursuit of Objectivity -- Conclusion of Part 1 -- Part II. Identity and Categorification -- Chapter 5. Identity in Classical and Constructive Mathematics -- Chapter 6. Identity Through Change, Category Theory and Homotopy Theory -- Conclusion of Part 2 -- Part III. Subjective Intuitions and Objective Structures -- Chapter 7. How Mathematical Concepts Get Their Bodies. Chapter 8. Categories versus Structures -- Chapter 9. New Axiomatic Method (instead of conclusion) -- Bibliography.
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  • 35
    ISBN: 9783319008011
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 225 p. 3 illus., 1 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 365
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Artefact kinds
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Engineering design ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Engineering design ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Artefakt ; Ontologie ; Wirklichkeit ; Technikphilosophie
    Abstract: This book is concerned with two intimately related topics of metaphysics: the identity of entities and the foundations of classification. What it adds to previous discussions of these topics is that it addresses them with respect to human-made entities, that is, artefacts. As the chapters in the book show, questions of identity and classification require other treatments and lead to other answers for artefacts than for natural entities. These answers are of interest to philosophers not only for their clarification of artefacts as a category of things but also for the new light they may shed on these issue with respect to to natural entities. This volume is structured in three parts. The contributions in Part I address basic ontological and metaphysical questions in relation to artefact kinds: How should we conceive of artefact kinds? Are they real kinds? How are identity conditions for artefacts and artefact kinds related? The contributions in Part II address meta-ontological questions: What, exactly, should an ontological account of artefact kinds provide us with? What scope can it aim for? Which ways of approaching the ontology of artefact kinds are there, how promising are they, and how should we assess this? In Part III, the essays offer engineering practice rather than theoretical philosophy as a point of reference. The issues addressed here include: How do engineers classify technical artefacts and on what grounds? What makes specific classes of technical artefacts candidates for ontologically real kinds, and by which criteria?
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction: The Ontology of Technical Artefacts; Maarten Franssen, Peter Kroes, Thomas A. C. Reydon and Pieter E. VermaasPart I: Artefact Kinds and Metaphysics -- Chapter 2. How Real are Artefacts and Artefact Kinds?; E. J. Lowe -- Chapter 3. Artifacts and Mind-Independence; Crawford L. Elder -- Chapter 4. Public Artifacts, Intentions, and Norms; Amie L. Thomasson -- Chapter 5. Artefact Kinds, Ontological Criteria and Forms of Mind-Dependence; Maarten Franssen and Peter Kroes -- Chapter 6. Artifact Kinds, Identity Criteria and Logical Adequacy; Massimiliano Carrara, Silvia Gaio and Marzia Soavi -- Part II: Artefact Kinds and New Perspectives -- Chapter 7. Creating Artifactual Kinds; Jesús Vega-Encabo and Diego Lawler -- Chapter 8. Metaphysical and Epistemological Approaches to Developing a Theory of Artifact Kinds; Thomas A. C. Reydon -- Chapter 9. Ethnotechnology: A Manifesto; Beth Preston -- Part III: Artefact Kinds and Engineering Practice -- Chapter 10. On What is Made: Instruments, Products and Natural Kinds of Artefacts; Wybo Houkes and Pieter E. Vermaas -- Chapter 11. Artefactual Systems, Missing Components and Replaceability; Nicola Guarino -- Chapter 12. Engineering Differences Between Natural, Social and Artificial Kinds; Eric T. Kerr.
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    ISBN: 9783319013480
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIII, 261 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 212
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Nemeth, Thomas The early Solov'ëv and his quest for metaphysics
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Regional planning ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Regional planning ; Solovʹev, Vladimir Sergeevič 1853-1900 ; Metaphysik ; Solovʹev, Vladimir Sergeevič 1853-1900 ; Metaphysik
    Abstract: This volume offers a critical examination of the early works of Vladimir Solov’ëv, Russia’s most famous and systematic philosopher. It presents a philosophical critique of his early writings up to 1881 from an immanent viewpoint and examines Solov’ëv’s intended contributions to philosophy against the background of German Idealism, including Schopenhauer, and the positivism of his day. Examining contemporary reactions to his writings by leading figures of his day, such as Chicherin and Kavelin, The Early Solov’ëv and His Quest for Metaphysics reveals the small but vibrant philosophical community in Russia during the immediate decades before the Bolshevik Revolution. It provides a detailed discussion of Solov’ëv’s confrontation with his philosophical opponents and shows how his emphasis on developing a metaphysical ontology rather than epistemology exerted a virtual paradigmatic influence on Russian philosophy for years to come. This volume also sets Solov’ëv’s writings against a detailed intellectual biography of these early years, drawing on letters to friends and relatives including reminiscences, and challenges many of the received claims concerning his actions and positions, particularly his alleged youthful mystical visions. In addition, the book features two appendices: one that sketches the early Russian reception of French positivism against which Solov’ëv reacted in the name of metaphysics and another that presents a fascinating look at the Solov’ëv family background, which produced at once intellectual as well as dysfunctional members. Presenting a rare picture of the non-Marxist intellectual scene in 19th century Russia, The Early Solov’ëv and His Quest for Metaphysics will be of interest to graduate students and researchers looking for a philosophically informed approach to this unique thinker and era
    Description / Table of Contents: IntroductionChapter 1: A Voyage of Discovery -- Chapter 2: The Unfinished Sophia -- Chapter 3: Towards an Integral Philosophy -- Chapter 4: From Intuition to Faith -- Chapter 5: The Morality of a Critique -- Chapter 6: The Truth of a Critique -- Chapter 7: Critiques of the Critique -- Conclusion -- Appendix 1:   Comtean Positivism in Russia -- Appendix 2: Family Constellation and Early Youth -- Notes -- Bibliography.
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400771130
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 369 p. 3 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Dao Companions to Chinese Philosophy 4
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Dao Companion to the Analects
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; Kong, Qiu v551-v479 Lun yu ; China ; Philosophie ; Konfuzianismus ; Kong, Qiu v551-v479 Lun yu ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: This volume surveys the major philosophical concepts, arguments, and commitments of the Confucian classic, the Analects. In thematically organized chapters, leading scholars provide a detailed, scholarly introduction to the text and the signal ideas ascribed to its protagonist, Confucius. The volume opens with chapters that reflect the latest scholarship on the disputed origins of the text and an overview of the broad commentarial tradition it generated. These are followed by chapters that individually explore key areas of the text’s philosophical landscape, articulating both the sense of concepts such as ren, li, and xiao as well as their place in the wider space of the text. A final section addresses prominent interpretive challenges and scholarly disputes in reading the Analects, evaluating, for example, the alignment between the Analects and contemporary moral theory and the contested nature of its religious sensibility. Dao Companion to the Analects offers a comprehensive and complete survey of the text's philosophical idiom and themes, as well as its history and some of the liveliest current debates surrounding it. This book is an ideal resource for both researchers and advanced students interested in gaining greater insight into one of the earliest and most influential Confucian classics
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction, Amy OlberdingPart I: Text and Context -- 2. History and Formation of the Analects, Tae Hyun Kim and Mark Csikszentmihalyi -- 3. The Commentarial Tradition, John B. Henderson and On-cho Ng -- 4. Confucius and His Community, Yuet Keung Lo -- Part II: The Conceptual Landscape -- 5. Ren 仁 : An Exemplary Life, Karyn Lai -- 6. Ritual and Rightness in the Analects, Hagop Sarkissian -- 7. Family Reverence (xiao 孝) in the Analects: Confucian Role Ethics and the Dynamics of Intergenerational Transmission, Roger T. Ames and Henry Rosemont, Jr -- 8. Language and Ethics in the Analects, Hui-chieh Loy -- 9. Uprightness, Indirection, Transparency, Lisa Raphals -- 10. Cultivating the Self in Concert with Others, David B. Wong -- 11. Perspectives on Moral Failure in the Analects, Amy Olberding -- Part III: Mapping the Landscape: Issues in Interpretation -- 12. The Analects and Moral Theory, Stephen C. Angle -- 13. Religious Thought and Practice in the Analects. Erin M. Cline -- 14. The Analects and Forms of Governance, BAI Tongdong -- Why Care? A Feminist Re-appropriation of Confucian Xiao 孝 Li-Hsiang, Lisa Rosenlee -- 16. Balancing Conservatism and Innovation: The Pragmatic Analects, Sor-hoon Tan -- Index -- Index Locorum.
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400774414
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 160 p. 5 illus., 3 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Ethical Economy, Studies in Economic Ethics and Philosophy 43
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Business ethics and risk management
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Risikomanagement ; Wirtschaftsethik ; Risikomanagement ; Wirtschaftsethik
    Abstract: This volume explores various aspects of risk taking. It offers an analysis of financial, entrepreneurial and social risks, as well as a discussion of the ethical implications of empirical findings. The main issues examined in the book are the financial crisis and its implications for business ethics. The book discusses unethical behaviour as a reputational risk (e.g., in the case of Goldman Sachs) and the question is raised as to what extent the financial crisis has changed the banks’ entrepreneurial strategy. The book presents an analysis of the reasons leading to the crisis and identifies them as ethical dilemma structures. In addition, it looks at general questions regarding ethical behaviour and risk taking, such as: To what extent does the social embeddedness or abstraction play a role in guaranteeing ethical behaviour? What conclusions can be drawn from institutional or evolutionary perspectives on risk management? Finally, the book discusses further issues that become factors of risk within and between societies, such as work insecurity, corruption or the problem of facilitation payments as a risk in international transactions.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1) Risk Management and Risk Taking; Christoph Luetge: Risk Taking and the Ethics of Entrepreneurship2) Risk Management on Financial Markets -- Elena Esposito: The Present Use of the Future: Management and Production of Risk on Financial Markets -- Boudewijn de Bruin: Epistemically Virtuous Risk Management: Financial Due Diligence and Uncovering the Madoff Fraud -- 3) Risk Management in Organizations -- Jacob Dahl Rendtorff: Risk Management, Banality of Evil and Moral Blindness in Organizations and Corporations -- Cristina Besio: Transforming Risks into Moral Issues in Organizations --  Matthias Gronemeyer: Decision-Making as Navigational Art: A Pragmatic Approach to Risk Management -- 4) Philosophical Issues of Risk Management -- Thomas Beschorner: Beyond Risk Management, Toward Ethics - Institutional und Evolutionary Perspectives -- Nikil Mukerji: Consequentialism, Deontology and the Morality of Promising -- 5) Risk Management in Specific Systems -- Julie Jebeile:  The Nuclear Power Plant: Our New “Tower of Babel”? -- Nguyen Hoang Anh: The Global Economic Crisis as a Risk for the International Trade in  Hanoi.
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400775541
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 241 p. 2 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Philosophy of Engineering and Technology 14
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Sharon, Tamar Human nature in an age of biotechnology
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Technology Philosophy ; Anthropology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Technology Philosophy ; Anthropology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Biotechnologie ; Philosophische Anthropologie ; Technikphilosophie
    Abstract: New biotechnologies have propelled the question of what it means to be human - or posthuman - to the forefront of societal and scientific consideration. This volume provides an accessible, critical overview of the main approaches in the debate on posthumanism, and argues that they do not adequately address the question of what it means to be human in an age of biotechnology. Not because they belong to rival political camps, but because they are grounded in a humanist ontology that presupposes a radical separation between human subjects and technological objects. The volume offers a comprehensive mapping of posthumanist discourse divided into four broad approaches-two humanist-based approaches: dystopic and liberal posthumanism, and two non-humanist approaches: radical and methodological posthumanism. The author compares and contrasts these models via an exploration of key issues, from human enhancement, to eugenics, to new configurations of biopower, questioning what role technology plays in defining the boundaries of the human, the subject and nature for each. Building on the contributions and limitations of radical and methodological posthumanism, the author develops a novel perspective, mediated posthumanism, that brings together insights in the philosophy of technology, the sociology of biomedicine, and Michel Foucault’s work on ethical subject constitution. In this framework, technology is neither a neutral tool nor a force that alienates humanity from itself, but something that is always already part of the experience of being human, and subjectivity is viewed as an emergent property that is constantly being shaped and transformed by its engagements with biotechnologies. Mediated posthumanism becomes a tool for identifying novel ethical modes of human experience that are richer and more multifaceted than current posthumanist perspectives allow for. The book will be essential reading for students and scholars working on ethics and technology, philosophy of technology, poststructuralism, technology and the body, and medical ethics
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. IntroductionChapter 2. A Cartography of the Posthuman -- Chapter 3. The Human Enhancement Debate: For, Against and from Human Nature -- Chapter 4. Towards a Non-Humanist Posthumanism: The Originary Prostheticity of Radical and Methodological Posthumanism -- Chapter 5. From Molar to Molecular Bodies: Posthumanist Frameworks in Contemporary Biology -- Chapter 6. Posthuman Subjectivity: Beyond Modern Metaphysics -- Chapter 7. Technologically Produced Nature: Nature Beyond Schizophrenia and Paranoia -- Chapter 8. New Modes of Ethical Selfhood: Geneticization and Genetically Responsible Subjectivity -- Chapter 9. Conclusion.             .
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9783319021713
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 77 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Philosophy
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical
    Abstract: This book explains the first published consistency proof of PA. It contains the original Gentzen's proof, but it uses modern terminology and examples to illustrate the essential notions. The author comments on Gentzen's steps which are supplemented with exact calculations and parts of formal derivations. A notable aspect of the proof is the representation of ordinal numbers that was developed by Gentzen. This representation is analysed and connection to set-theoretical representation is found, namely an algorithm for translating Gentzen's notation into Cantor normal form. The topic should interest researchers and students who work on proof theory, history of proof theory or Hilbert's program and who do not mind reading mathematical texts
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgements1 Introduction -- 2 Preliminaries -- 3 Ordinal numbers -- 4 Consistency proof -- Index -- References.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400771406
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 283 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in German Idealism 15
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Kant on proper science
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy (General) Science ; History ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Kant, Immanuel 1724-1804 ; Naturwissenschaften ; Biologie ; Kant, Immanuel 1724-1804 Opus postumum ; Kant, Immanuel 1724-1804 ; Naturwissenschaften ; Kant, Immanuel 1724-1804 ; Biologie ; Kant, Immanuel 1724-1804 Opus postumum ; Biologie
    Abstract: This book provides a novel treatment of Immanuel Kant’s views on proper natural science and biology. The status of biology in Kant’s system of science is often taken to be problematic. By analyzing Kant’s philosophy of biology in relation to his conception of proper science, the present book determines Kant’s views on the scientific status of biology. Combining a broad ideengeschichtlich approach with a detailed historical reconstruction of philosophical and scientific texts, the book establishes important interconnections between Kant’s philosophy of science, his views on biology, and his reception of late 18th century biological theories. It discusses Kant’s views on science and biology as articulated in his published writings and in the Opus postumum. The book shows that although biology is a non-mathematical science and the relation between biology and other natural sciences is not specified, Kant did allow for the possibility of providing scientific explanations in biology and assigned biology a specific domain of investigation.
    Description / Table of Contents: AcknowledgmentsNote on citation and translation -- 1. Introduction: Kant on Science and Biology -- 2. Kant’s Conception of Proper Science -- 3. Mechanical Explanation and Grounding -- 4. Kant on Teleology -- 5. Kant on the Domain and Method of Biology -- 6. Kant on the Systematicity of Physics and the Opus postumum -- 7. Vital Forces and Organisms in the Opus postumum -- 8. Materialism, Hylozoism, and Natural History in the Opus postumum -- 9. Concluding Remarks.
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    ISBN: 9783319014210
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 207 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 26
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Tipton, Jason A. Philosophical biology in Aristotle's parts of animals
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Aristoteles v384-v322 De partibus animalium ; Tiere ; Naturphilosophie ; Aristoteles v384-v322 De partibus animalium ; Tiere ; Naturphilosophie
    Abstract: This book provides a detailed analysis of Aristotle's Parts of Animals. It takes its bearings from the detailed natural history observations that inform, and in many ways penetrate, the philosophical argument. This analysis raises the question of how easy it is to clearly disentangle what some might describe as the "merely" biological from the philosophical. This book explores the notion and consequences of describing the activity in which Aristotle is engaged as philosophical biology. Do readers of Aristotle have in mind organisms like sea squirts (ascidians) or sea cucumbers (holuthurians) when trying to understand Aristotle's argument regarding plant-like animals? Do we need the phenomena in front of us to understand the terms of the philosophical argument in a richer way? The discussion of plant-like animals is important to Aristotle because of the apparent continuum between plant and animal life. Where does Aristotle draw the line? Plant-like animals bring this question into focus and demonstrate the indeterminacy of any potential solution to the division. This analysis of the Parts of Animals shows that the study of the nature of the organic world was Aristotle's way into such ontological problems as the relationship between matter and form, the interplay between form and function, and the heterogeneity of the many different kinds of being
    Description / Table of Contents: DedicationAcknowledgments -- Table of Contents -- Chapter 1: Aristotle’s Philosophy and Biology: The biological phenomena.- Chapter 2: The Problem of Beginnings -- Chapter 3: Recognizing Sameness and Otherness in Animals -- Chapter 4: The Examination of the Animate in Light of the Inanimate: or,The Argument for the Autonomy of the Zoological Inquiry -- Chapter 5: Finding Fault with Nature -- Chapter 6: The Division and Combination of Labor -- Bibiography - Editions, Translations and Commentaries -- Index.
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    ISBN: 9783319029436
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 250 p. 16 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 369
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, modern ; Computer science ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, modern ; Computer science
    Abstract: The main purpose of the present volume is to advance our understanding of the notions of knowledge and context, the connections between them, and the ways in which they can be modeled, in particular formalized - a question of prime importance and utmost relevance to such diverse disciplines as philosophy, linguistics, computer science and artificial intelligence, and cognitive science. Bringing together essays written by world-leading experts and emerging researchers in epistemology, logic, philosophy of language, linguistics, and theoretical computer science, the book examines the formal modeling of knowledge and the knowledge-context link at one or more of three intersections -- context and epistemology, epistemology and formalism, formalism and context - and presents a novel range of approaches to the current discussions that the connections between knowledge, language, action, reasoning, and context continually enlivens. It develops powerful ideas that will push the relevant fields forward and give a sense of the new directions in which mainstream and formal research on knowledge and context is heading
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Franck Lihoreau and Manuel RebuschiChapter 1. Context as Assumptions; Erich Rast -- Chapter 2. Knowledge and Disagreement; Martin Montminy -- Chapter 3. A Contradiction for Contextualism?; Peter Baumann -- Chapter 4. Epistemic Contexts and Indexicality; Yves Bouchard -- Chapter 5. Knowing Who: How Perspectives and Context Interact; Maria Aloni and Bruno Jacinto -- Chapter 6. Knowledge Attributions in Context of Decision Problems; Robert van Rooij -- Chapter 7. How Context Dependent is Scientific Knowledge?; Sven Ove Hansson.- Chapter 8. Action, Failure and Free Will Choice in Epistemic stit Logic; Jan Broersen and John-Jules Charles Meyer -- Chapter 9. Belief, Intention and Practicality: Loosening Up Agents and Their Propositional Attitudes; Richmond H. Thomason -- Chapter 10. Character Matching and the Locke Pocket of Belief; Gregory Wheeler -- Chapter 11. A modal logic of perceptual belief; Andreas Herzig and Emiliano Lorini -- Chapter 12. Hyperintensionality and De Re Beliefs A Counterpart-Theoretic Account; Paul Égré -- Chapter 13. Knowledge Is Justifiable True Information; Jaakko Hintikka.
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    ISBN: 9783319041629
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 226 p. 3 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 121
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Riel, Raphael van, 1979 - The concept of reduction
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Mathematical statistics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Mathematical statistics ; Reduktionismus ; Elementarisierung ; Erkenntnistheorie
    Abstract: This volume investigates the notion of reduction. Building on the idea that philosophers employ the term ‘reduction’ to reconcile diversity and directionality with unity, without relying on elimination, the book offers a powerful explication of an “ontological”, notion of reduction the extension of which is (primarily) formed by properties, kinds, individuals, or processes. It argues that related notions of reduction, such as theory-reduction and functional reduction, should be defined in terms of this explication. Thereby, the book offers a coherent framework, which sheds light on the history of the various reduction debates in the philosophy of science and in the philosophy of mind, and on related topics such as reduction and unification, the notion of a scientific level, and physicalism. The book takes its point of departure in the examination of a puzzle about reduction. To illustrate, the book takes as an example the reduction of water. If water reduces to H2O, then water is identical to H2O - thus we get unity. Unity does not come at the price of elimination - claiming that water reduces to H2O, we do not thereby claim that there is no water. But what about diversity and directionality? Intuitively, there should be a difference between water and H2O, such that we get diversity. This is required for there to be directionality: in a sense, if water reduces to H2O, then H2O is prior to, or more basic than water. At least, if water reduces to H2O, then H2O does not reduce to water. But how can this be, if water is identical to H2O? The book shows that the application of current models of reduction does not solve this puzzle, and proposes a new coherent definition, according to which unity is tied to identity, diversity is descriptive in nature, and directionality is the directionality of explanation
    Description / Table of Contents: PrefaceChapter 1. Introduction -- Part 1. The Concept of Reduction-An Explication -- Chapter 2. How to Approach Reduction: Explication and Meta-Science -- Chapter 3. The Puzzle of Reduction -- Chapter 4. Reductive Explanation and Mechanistic Explanation -- Chapter 5. Reductive Explanation -- Part 2. The Explication at Work -- Chapter 6. Reduction in the Philosophy of Mind -- Chapter 7. Conceptions of Reduction in the Philosophy of Science -- Chapter 8. Theory Reduction and Holism -- Chapter 9. Reduction Beyond the Reduction Debate -- Chapter 10. The Reductionist’s Commitment.
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401787802
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 191 p. 10 illus., 1 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 79
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Poincaré, philosopher of science
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Differentiable dynamical systems ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Differentiable dynamical systems ; Poincaré, Henri 1854-1912 ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: This volume presents a selection of papers from the Poincaré Project of the Center for the Philosophy of Science, University of Lisbon, bringing together an international group of scholars with new assessments of Henri Poincaré's philosophy of science-both its historical impact on the foundations of science and mathematics, and its relevance to contemporary philosophical inquiry. The work of Poincaré (1854-1912) extends over many fields within mathematics and mathematical physics. But his scientific work was inseparable from his groundbreaking philosophical reflections, and the scientific ferment in which he participated was inseparable from the philosophical controversies in which he played a pre-eminent part. The subsequent history of the mathematical sciences was profoundly influenced by Poincaré’s philosophical analyses of the relations between and among mathematics, logic, and physics, and, more generally, the relations between formal structures and the world of experience. The papers in this collection illuminate Poincaré’s place within his own historical context as well as the implications of his work for ours
    Description / Table of Contents: PrefaceIntroduction; Robert DiSalle and María de Paz -- Part I Poincaré’s Philosophy of Science -- 1 Portrait of Henri Poincaré as a young philosopher: the formative years (1860-1873); Laurent Rollet -- 2 The Invention of Convention; Janet Folina -- 3 The third way epistemology: A re-characterization of Poincaré’s conventionalism; María de Paz -- 4 Poincaré, Indifferent Hypotheses and Metaphysics; Antonio Videira -- Part II Poincaré on the Foundations of Mathematics -- 5 Poincaré in Göttingen; Reinhard Kahle -- 6 Poincaré on the Principles of the Calculus; Augusto J. Franco de Oliveira -- 7 Does the French Connection (Poincaré, Lautman) provide some insights regarding the thesis that meta-mathematics is an exception to the slogan that mathematics concerns structures?; Gerhard Heinzmann.- Part III Poincaré on the Foundations of Physics -- 8 Henri Poincaré: The status of mechanical explanations and the foundations of statistical mechanics; João Príncipe -- 9 Poincaré: A scientist inspired by his philosophy; Isabella Serra -- 10 Poincaré on the construction of space-time; Robert DiSalle -- Contributors -- Index.
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    ISBN: 9783319041414
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 297 p. 61 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences 5
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Rosslenbroich, Bernd, 1957 - On the origin of autonomy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Biology Philosophy ; Evolution (Biology) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Biology Philosophy ; Evolution (Biology) ; Evolutionsbiologie ; Humanbiologie ; Evolutionsbiologie ; Humanbiologie
    Abstract: This volume describes features of biological autonomy and integrates them into the recent discussion of factors in evolution. In recent years ideas about major transitions in evolution are undergoing a revolutionary change. They include questions about the origin of evolutionary innovation, their genetic and epigenetic background, the role of the phenotype, and of changes in ontogenetic pathways. In the present book, it is argued that it is likewise necessary to question the properties of these innovations and what was qualitatively generated during the macroevolutionary transitions. The author states that a recurring central aspect of macroevolutionary innovations is an increase in individual organismal autonomy whereby it is emancipated from the environment with changes in its capacity for flexibility, self-regulation and self-control of behavior. The first chapters define the concept of autonomy and examine its history and its epistemological context. Later chapters demonstrate how changes in autonomy took place during the major evolutionary transitions and investigate the generation of organs and physiological systems. They synthesize material from various disciplines including zoology, comparative physiology, morphology, molecular biology, neurobiology and ethology. It is argued that the concept is also relevant for understanding the relation of the biological evolution of man to his cultural abilities. Finally the relation of autonomy to adaptation, niche construction, phenotypic plasticity and other factors and patterns in evolution is discussed. The text has a clear perspective from the context of systems biology, arguing that the generation of biological autonomy must be interpreted within an integrative systems approach
    Description / Table of Contents: What is the outcome of evolution?The problem of macroevolutionary trends -- The concept of biological autonomy -- The major transitions in early evolution -- The Cambrian explosion and thereafter -- Fluid management in animals -- Reproduction -- Nervous systems and the flexibility of movements -- Endothermy -- The evolution of brains and behavior: is there a trend? -- The evolution of man -- Conclusion and implications.
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400769991
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 189 p. 30 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 35
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Niazi, Kaveh Quṭb al-Dīn Shīrāzī and the configuration of the heavens
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Niazi, Kaveh Quṭb al-Dīn Shīrāzī and the configuration of the heavens
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Philosophy, modern ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Philosophy, modern ; Science Philosophy ; Quelle ; Astronomie ; Vergleichende Ideengeschichte
    Abstract: As a leading scientist of the 13th century C. E. Quṭb al-Dīn Shīrāzī wrote three substantial works on hay’a (or the configuration of the celestial orbs): Nihāyat al-idrāk fī dirāyat al-aflāk (“The Limits of Attainment in the Understanding of the Heavens”), al-Tuḥfa al-shāhīya fī ‘ilm al-hay’a (“The Royal Offering Regarding the Knowledge of the Configuration of the Heavens”), and Ikhtīyārāt-i Muẓaffarī (“The Muẓaffarī Elections”). Completed in less than four years and written in two of the classical languages of the Islamic world, Arabic and Persian, these works provide a fascinating window to the astronomical research carried out in Ilkhanid Persia. Shīrāzī and his colleagues were driven by their desire to rid Ptolemaic astronomy from its perceived shortcomings. An intriguing trail of revisions and emendations in Shīrāzī’s hay’a texts serves to highlight both those features of Shīrāzī's astronomy that were inherited from his predecessors, as well as his original contributions to this branch of astronomical research. As a renowned savant, Shīrāzī spent a large portion of his career near centers of political power in Persia and Anatolia. A study of his scientific output and career as a scholar is an opportunity, therefore, for an examination of the patronage of science and of scientific works within the Ilkhanid realms. Not only was this patronage important to the work of scholars such as Shīrāzī but it was critical to the founding and operation of one of the foremost scientific institutions of the medieval Islamic world, the Marāgha observatory. The astronomical tradition in which Shīrāzī carried out his research has many links, as well, to the astronomy of Early Modern Europe, as can be seen in the astronomical models of Copernicus
    Description / Table of Contents: AcknowledgementNote on Transliteration -- Chapter 1. Purpose and Background of Study -- Chapter 2. The Mongols in Iran -- Chapter 3. Shīrazī's Life -- Chapter 4. The Principal Astronomical Sources -- Chapter 5. Persian vs. Arabic: Language as a Determinant of Content -- Chapter 6. Conclusion -- Figures- Bibliography -- Appendix A -- Appendix B -- Appendix C -- Appendix D -- Appendix E -- Index.
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400746411
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 338 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 208
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Dupont, Christian Phenomenology in French philosophy
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Husserl, Edmund, 1859-1938 ; Influence ; Philosophy, French ; 20th century ; Phenomenology ; Frankreich ; Phänomenologie ; Rezeption ; Geschichte 1889-1939
    Abstract: This work investigates the early encounters of French philosophers and religious thinkers with the phenomenological philosophy of Edmund Husserl. Following an introductory chapter addressing context and methodology, Chapter 2 argues that Henri Bergson’s insights into lived duration and intuition and Maurice Blondel’s genetic description of action functioned as essential precursors to the French reception of phenomenology. Chapter 3 details the presentations of Husserl and his followers by three successive pairs of French academic philosophers: Léon Noël and Victor Delbos, Lev Shestov and Jean Hering, and Bernard Groethuysen and Georges Gurvitch. Chapter 4 then explores the appropriation of Bergsonian and Blondelian phenomenological insights by Catholic theologians Édouard Le Roy and Pierre Rousselot. Chapter 5 examines applications and critiques of phenomenology by French religious philosophers, including Jean Hering, Joseph Maréchal, and neo-Thomists like Jacques Maritain. A concluding chapter expounds the principal finding that philosophical and theological receptions of phenomenology in France prior to 1939 proceeded independently due to differences in how Bergson and Blondel were perceived by French philosophers and religious thinkers and their respective orientations to the Cartesian and Aristotelian/Thomist intellectual traditions
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Contents; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1.1 Occasion; 1.2 Contribution; 1.3 Methodology and Terminology; 1.3.1 Definition of Reception; 1.3.2 Definition of Phenomenology; 1.3.3 Definition of Religious Thought; 1.4 Plan; References; Chapter 2: Precursors to the Reception of Phenomenology in France, 1889-1909; 2.1 Three Major Currents in French Philosophy at the End of the Nineteenth Century; 2.1.1 Positivism; 2.1.2 Idealism; 2.1.2.1 Charles Renouvier; 2.1.2.2 Léon Brunschvicg; 2.1.3 Spiritualism; 2.1.3.1 Félix Ravaisson; 2.1.3.2 Jules Lachelier; 2.1.3.3 Émile Boutroux
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1.4 Summary: Anticipations of Phenomenology in French Positivism, Idealism, and Spiritualism2.2 Henri Bergson: Lived Duration and Intuition; 2.2.1 Bergson's Original Insight; 2.2.2 Bergson's Principal Themes: Duration and Intuition; 2.2.2.1 Duration; 2.2.2.2 Intuition; 2.2.3 Bergson as a Precursor to Husserlian Phenomenology; 2.2.3.1 Similarities; 2.2.3.2 Differences; 2.2.3.3 Conclusions; 2.2.4 Bergson's Influence on French Theologians; 2.3 Maurice Blondel: A Phenomenology of Action; 2.3.1 Blondel's Original Insight; 2.3.2 Blondel's Principal Theme: Action
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.3.3 Blondel as a Precursor to Husserlian Phenomenology2.3.3.1 Critique of Positivist Approaches to Science; 2.3.3.2 Phenomenological Themes: Intentionality, Intuition, and Intersubjectivity; 2.3.3.3 Conclusions; 2.3.4 Blondel's Influence on French Theologians; 2.4 Conclusion: Bergson and Blondel as Precursors to the Reception of Husserlian Phenomenology in France; References; Chapter 3: Four Phases in the Reception of Phenomenology in French Philosophy, 1910-1939; 3.1 Léon Noël and Victor Delbos; 3.1.1 Léon Noël; 3.1.2 Victor Delbos; 3.1.3 Noël and Delbos as Interpreters of Phenomenology
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2 Lev Shestov and Jean Hering3.2.1 Lev Shestov; 3.2.2 Jean Hering; 3.2.3 Shestov's Reply to Hering; 3.2.4 Hering's Rebuttal to Shestov; 3.2.5 Shestov and Hering as Interpreters of Phenomenology; 3.3 Bernard Groethuysen and Georges Gurvitch; 3.3.1 Bernard Groethuysen; 3.3.2 Interlude: German Phenomenologists in France; 3.3.3 Georges Gurvitch; 3.3.3.1 Gurvitch on Husserl; 3.3.3.2 Gurvitch on Scheler; 3.3.3.3 Gurvitch on Lask and Hartmann; 3.3.3.4 Gurvitch on Heidegger; 3.3.4 Groethuysen and Gurvitch as Interpreters of Phenomenology; 3.4 Emmanuel Levinas and Jean-Paul Sartre
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.4.1 Emmanuel Levinas3.4.1.1 On Husserl's Ideas; 3.4.1.2 Husserl's Theory of Intuition; 3.4.1.3 Heidegger's Ontology; 3.4.2 Jean-Paul Sartre; 3.4.3 Levinas and Sartre as Interpreters of Phenomenology; 3.5 Conclusion: Four Phases in the Reception of Phenomenology in French Philosophy, 1910-1939; 3.5.1 Phase One: Awareness of Husserl as a Critic of Psychologism; 3.5.2 Phase Two: Polemics Over Ideas and the Logos Essay; 3.5.3 Phase Three: Popularization of Phenomenology; 3.5.4 Phase Four: Original French Appropriations of Phenomenology; 3.5.5 Other Figures, Further Aspects; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 4: Receptions of Phenomenological Insights in French Religious Thought, 1901-1929
    Description / Table of Contents: ACKNOWLEDGMENTSINTRODUCTION -- I. The Occasion of the Dissertation -- II. The Contribution of the Dissertation -- III. Methodology and Terminology -- A. Definition of Reception -- B. Definition of Phenomenology -- C. Definition of Religious Thought -- IV. The Plan of the Dissertation -- CHAPTER 1 PRECURSORS TO THE RECEPTION OF PHENOMENOLOGY IN FRANCE, 1889-1909 -- I. Three Major Currents in French Philosophy at the End of the Nineteenth Century -- A. Positivism -- B. Idealism -- C Spiritualism -- D. Conclusion: Anticipations of Phenomenology in French Positivism, Idealism and Spiritualism.-II. Henri Bergson: Lived Duration and Intuition -- A. Bergson’s Original Insight -- B. Bergson’s Principal Themes: Duration and Intuition -- C. Bergson as a Precursor to Husserlian Phenomenology -- D. Bergson’s Influence on French Theologians -- III. Maurice Blondel: A Phenomenology of Action -- A. Blondel’s Original Insight -- B. Blondel’s Principal Theme: Action -- C. Blondel as a Precursor to Husserlian Phenomenology -- D. Blondel’s Influence on French Theologians -- IV. Conclusion: Bergson and Blondel as Precursors to the Reception of Husserlian Phenomenology in France -- CHAPTER 2 FOUR PHASES IN THE RECEPTION OF PHENOMENOLOGY IN FRENCH PHILOSOPHY, 1910-1939 -- I. Léon Noël and Victor Delbos -- A. Léon Noël -- B. Victor Delbos -- C. Noël and Delbos as Interpreters of Phenomenology -- II. Lev Shestov and Jean Héring -- A. Lev Shestov -- B. Jean Héring -- C. Shestov’s Reply to Héring -- D. Héring’s Rebuttal to Shestov -- E. Shestov and Héring as Interpreters of Phenomenology -- III. Bernard Groethuysen and Georges Gurvitch -- A. Bernard Groethuysen -- B. Interlude: German Phenomenologists in France -- C. Georges Gurvitch -- D. Groethuysen and Gurvitch as Interpreters of phenomenology -- IV. Emmanuel Levinas and Jean-Paul Sartre -- A. Emmanuel Levinas -- B. Jean-Paul Sartre -- C. Levinas and Sartre as Interpreters of Phenomenology -- V. Conclusion: Four Phases in the Reception of Phenomenology in French Philosophy, 1910-1939 -- CHAPTER 3 RECEPTIONS OF PHENOMENOLOGICAL INSIGHTS IN FRENCH RELIGIOUS THOUGHT, 1901-1929 -- I. Édouard Le Roy -- A. His Life and Works -- B. Le Roy and Bergson -- C. Le Roy’s Application of Bergsonian Insights to Religious Thought -- D. Le Roy’s Contribution to the Theological Reception of Phenomenology -- II. Pierre Rousselot -- A. His Life and Works -- B. Rousselot and Blondel -- C. Rousselot’s Application of Blondelian Insights to Religious Thought -- D. Rousselot’s Contribution to the Theological Reception of Phenomenology -- CHAPTER 4 RECEPTIONS OF HUSSERLIAN PHENOMENOLOGY IN FRENCH RELIGIOUS THOUGHT, 1926-1939 -- I. Jean Héring -- A. His Life and Works -- B. Phenomenology and the Philosophy of Religion -- C. Héring’s Application of Phenomenology to Religious Thought -- II. Gaston Rabeau -- A. His Life and Works -- B. Phenomenology and Theological Epistemology -- C. Rabeau’s Application of Phenomenology to Religious Thought -- III. Joseph Maréchal -- A. His Life and Works -- B. Phenomenology and the Critical Justification of Metaphysics -- C. Maréchal’s Application of Phenomenology to Religious Thought -- IV. Neo-Thomist Encounters with Phenomenology -- A. The Société Thomiste and the Journée d’Études -- B. Neo-Thomist Appraisals of Phenomenology V. Conclusion: Two Stages in the Reception of Phenomenology in French Religious Thought Prior to 1939 -- CONCLUSION -- I. Receptions of Phenomenology in French Academic Circles prior to 1939 -- II. Appropriations of Phenomenology by French Philosophers -- III. Appropriations of Phenomenology by French Religious Thinkers -- IV. French Receptions of Phenomenology since 1939 -- WORKS CITED.
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400770706
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 159 p. 9 illus., 8 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Issues in Business Ethics 41
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Aesthetics and business ethics
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    Keywords: Ästhetik ; Unternehmensethik ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Humanities ; Economics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Humanities ; Economics
    Abstract: Ludwig Wittgenstein famously said, "Ethics is aesthetics. It is unclear what such a claim might mean and whether it is true. This book explores contentious issues arising at the interface of ethics and aesthetics. The contributions reflect on the status of aesthetic en ethical judgments, the relation of aesthetic beauty and ethical goodness and art and character development. The book further considers the potential role art could play in ethical analysis and in the classroom and explores in what respects aesthetics and ethics might be intertwined and even mutually supportive.
    Abstract: Ludwig Wittgenstein famously said, “Ethics is aesthetics.” It is unclear what such a claim might mean and whether it is true. This book explores contentious issues arising at the interface of ethics and aesthetics. The contributions reflect on the status of aesthetic en ethical judgments, the relation of aesthetic beauty and ethical goodness and art and character development. The book further considers the potential role art could play in ethical analysis and in the classroom and explores in what respects aesthetics and ethics might be intertwined and even mutually supportive
    Description / Table of Contents: Part One: Aesthetical Dimensions of Ethical Judgments in Business1. Literature, Emotions and Ethical Judgments in Business; Ron Duska -- 2. Literature and the Canonical Values of Capitalism; Christopher Michaelson -- Part Two:  The Aesthetic Firm -- 3. The Impoverished Aesthetic of Modern Management:  Beauty and Ethics in Organization; Steven Saylor -- An Aesthetic Theory of the Firm; John Dobson -- Part Three: Art and Personal Development.-  5. Business Ethics and the Arts:  Character and Process; Dawn Elm -- 6. Wisdom, Management, and Responsibility:  Aesthetics, Moral Imagination, and System Thinking; Sandra Waddock -- Part Four:  Aesthetics and Business Ethics in the Classroom -- 7. Ethics, Morality and Art in the Classroom: Positive and Negative Relations; Daryl Koehn -- 8.  Cheat: Changing the Figure; Rich Brown and Craig Dunn -- 9. The Drama of Business Ethics; Ed Freeman and Lauren Purnell.
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  • 50
    ISBN: 9789400770676
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 279 p. 15 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences 4
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Biology Philosophy ; Evolution (Biology) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Biology Philosophy ; Evolution (Biology)
    Abstract: This volume explores the interactions between organisms and their environments and how this “entanglement” is a fundamental aspect of all life. It brings together the work and ideas of historians, philosophers, biologists, and social scientists, uniting a range of new perspectives, methods, and frameworks for examining and understanding the ways that organisms and environments interact. The volume is organized into three main sections: historical perspectives, contested models, and emerging frameworks. The first section explores the origins of the modern idea of organism-environment interaction in the mid-nineteenth century and its development by later psychologists and anthropologists. In the second section, a variety of controversial models-from mathematical representations of evolution to model organisms in medical research-are discussed and reframed in light of recent questions about the interplay between organisms and environment. The third section investigates several new ideas that have the potential to reshape key aspects of the biological and social sciences. Populations of organisms evolve in response to changing environments; bodies and minds depend on a wide array of circumstances for their development; cultures create complex relationships with the natural world even as they alter it irrevocably. The chapters in this volume share a commitment to unraveling the mysteries of this entangled life
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: Perspectives on Entangled Life; Gillian Barker, Eric Desjardins, and Trevor PearcePart I. Historical Perspectives -- The Origins and Development of the Idea of Organism-Environment Interaction; Trevor Pearce -- James Mark Baldwin, the Baldwin Effect, Organic Selection, and the American “Immigrant Crisis” at the Turn of the Twentieth Century; Christopher D. Green -- The Tension between the Psychological and Ecological Sciences: Making Psychology More Ecological; Harry Heft -- New Perspectives on Organism-Environment Interaction in Anthropology; Emily A. Schultz -- Part II. Contested Models -- Adaptation, Adaptation to, and Interactive Causes; Bruce Glymour -- Environmental Grain, Organism Fitness, and Type Fitness; Marshall Abrams -- Models in Context: Biological and Epistemological Niches; Jessica A. Bolker -- Thinking Outside the Mouse: Organism-Environment Interaction and Human Immunology; Eric Desjardins, Gillian Barker, and Joaquin Madrenas -- Part III. Emerging Frameworks -- Integrating Ecology and Evolution: Niche Construction and Ecological Engineering; Gillian Barker and John Odling-Smee -- The Affordance Landscape: The Spatial Metaphors of Evolution; Denis M. Walsh -- Rethinking Behavioral Evolution; Rachael Brown. Constructing the Cooperative Niche; Kim Sterelny.
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400768390
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 297 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 211
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Ciocan, Cristian Heidegger et le problème de la mort
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Heidegger, Martin 1889-1976 ; Tod ; Heidegger, Martin 1889-1976 Sein und Zeit ; Tod ; Existenzial
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage est la première monographie systématique d’expression française dédiée exclusivement au problème heideggérien de la mort. Il se donne pour tâche de clarifier tout l’enjeu de cette question capitale de la pensée de Martin Heidegger. La nouveauté de cette étude réside dans une approche systématique et précise de Sein und Zeit, à partir d’une clarification rigoureuse de la notion d’Existenzial, en interprétant le problème de la mort dans l’articulation des structures fondamentales de l’être du Dasein. Cette approche permet non seulement d’expliciter les différentes couches ontologiques où intervient le phénomène de la mort dans l’analytique existentiale, mais aussi de mettre en lumière la rigueur de l’analyse heideggérienne et la systématicité de sa démarche. En outre, cette investigation explore l’intégralité de la pensée de Heidegger : des écrits de jeunesse jusqu’aux textes les plus tardifs, l’ouvrage retrace non seulement la genèse complexe de cette question, mais aussi son évolution arborescente
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. IntroductionPart 1: Le lieu du problème de la mort dans le contexte des existentiaux.-2. Le lieu du problème de la mort dans Sein und Zeit -- 3. Qu’est-ce qu’un Existenzial? -- Part 3: Itinéraire structurel du phénomène de la mort -- 4. La totalité, la mort et les autres -- 5. La mort à travers l’ouverture du Dasein (première section de Sein und Zeit) -- 6. La mort à travers la deuxième section de Sein und Zeit -- Part 3: Rétrospective et transformation: la genèse du problème de la mort avant Sein und Zeit et son évolution dans la philosophie heideggérienne tardive -- 7. La genèse du problème de la mort dans la pensée du jeune Heidegger -- 8. L’évolution du problème de la mort après Être et temps -- 9. Conclusion -- Annexe I : Bibliographie chronologique du problème heideggérien de la mort (1930-2011) -- Annexe II : Index des termes heideggériens traduits différemment dans les deux versions françaises de Sein und Zeit -- Bibliographie.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 52
    ISBN: 9789400769342
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 372 p. 7 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in the Philosophy of Sociality 2
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Institutions, emotions, and group agents
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Consciousness ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Consciousness ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Sozialphilosophie ; Ontologie ; Gruppe ; Institution ; Sozialphilosophie ; Gruppe ; Institution
    Abstract: The contributions gathered in this volume present the state of the art in key areas of current social ontology. They focus on the role of collective intentional states in creating social facts, and on the nature of intentional properties of groups that allow characterizing them as responsible agents, or perhaps even as persons. Many of the essays are inspired by contemporary action theory, emotion theory, and theories of collective intentionality. Another group of essays revisits early phenomenological approaches to social ontology and accounts of sociality that draw on the Hegelian idea of recognition. This volume is organized into three parts. First, the volume discusses themes highlighted in John Searle’s work and addresses questions concerning the relation between intentions and the deontic powers of institutions, the role of disagreement, and the nature of collective intentionality. Next, the book focuses on joint and collective emotions and mutual recognition, and then goes on to explore the scope and limits of group agency, or group personhood, especially the capacity for responsible agency. The variety of philosophical traditions mirrored in this collection provides readers with a rich and multifaceted survey of present research in social ontology. It will help readers deepen their understanding of three interrelated and core topics in social ontology: the constitution and structure of institutions, the role of shared evaluative attitudes, and the nature and role of group agents
    Description / Table of Contents: AcknowledgementsChapter 1. Introduction: Contributions to Social Ontology-Institutions, Emotions, and Group Agents; Anita Konzelmann Ziv and Hans Bernhard Schmid -- Part I: Intentionality and Institutions -- Chapter 2. Document Acts; Barry Smith -- Chapter 3. Searlean Reflections on Sacred Mountains; Filip Buekens -- Chapter 4. Social Objects without Intentions; Brian Epstein -- Chapter 5. The Logical Form of Totalitarianism; Jennifer Hudin -- Chapter 6. Groups, Normativity and Disagreement; Rodrigo E. Sànchaz Brigido -- Chapter 7. Joint Actions, Social Institutions and Collective Goods: A Teleological Account; Seumas Miller -- Chapter 8. Three Types of Heterotropic Intentionality: A Taxonomy in Social Ontology; Francesca De Vecchi -- Part II: Shared Emotions and Recognition -- Chapter 9. Emergence and Empathy; Ronald De Sousa -- Chapter 10. The Functions of Collective Emotions in Social Groups; Mikko Salmela -- Chapter 11. Feelings of Being-Together and Caring With; H. Andrés Sànchez Guerrero -- Chapter 12. Joining the Background: Habitual Sentiments behind We-Intentionality; Emanuele Caminada -- Chapter 13. Collective Intentionality and Recognition from Others; Arto Laitinen -- Chapter 14. The Conditions of Collectivity: Joint Commitment and the Shared Norms of Membership; Titus Stahl -- Part III: Collective Reasons and Group Agency -- Chapter 15. Acting Over Time, Acting Together; Michael E. Bratman -- Chapter 16. How Where We Stand Constrains Where I Stand: Applying Bratman’s Account of Self-Governance to Collective Action; Joseph Kisolo-Ssonko -- Chapter 17. Team Reasoning and Shared Intention; Abraham Sesshu Roth -- Chapter 18. Collective Intentionality and Practical Reason; Juliette Gloor -- Chapter 19. The SANE Approach to Real Collective Responsibility; Sara Chant -- Chapter 20. Are Individualist Accounts of Collective Responsibility Morally Deficient?; András Szigeti -- Chapter 21. Can Groups Be Autonomous Rational Agents? A Challenge to the List-Pettit-Theory; Vuko Andric -- Chapter 22. Direct and Indirect Common Belief; Emiliano Lorini and Andreas Herzig.
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9789400775633
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 366 p. 25 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 367
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Explanation in the special sciences
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Biologie ; Geschichtswissenschaft ; Interdisziplinarität
    Abstract: Biology and history are often viewed as closely related disciplines, with biology informed by history, especially in its task of charting our evolutionary past. Maximizing the opportunities for cross-fertilization in these two fields requires an accurate reckoning of their commonalities and differences-precisely what this volume sets out to achieve. Specially commissioned essays by a team of recognized international researchers cover the full panoply of topics in these fields and include notable contributions on the correlativity of evolutionary and historical explanations, applying to history the latest causal-mechanical approach in the philosophy of biology, and the question of generalized laws that might pertain across the two subjects. The collection opens with a vital interrogation of general issues on explanation that apart from potentially fruitful areas of interaction (could the etiology of the causal-mechanical perspective in biology account for the historical trajectory of the Roman Empire?) this volume also seeks to chart relative certainties distinguishing explanations in biology and history. It also assesses techniques such as the use of probabilities in biological reconstruction, deployed to overcome the inevitable gaps in physical evidence on early evolution. Methodologies such as causal graphs and semantic explanation receive in-depth analysis. Contributions from a host of prominent and widely read philosophers ensure that this new volume has the stature of a major addition to the literature
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction - Points of Contact between Biology and History; Marie I. Kaiser and Daniel PlengePart I. General Issues on Explanation -- 2. The Ontic Account of Scientific Explanation; Carl F. Craver -- Part II Explanation in the Biological Sciences -- 3. Causal Graphs and Biological Mechanisms; Alexander Gebharter and Marie I. Kaiser -- 4. Semiotic Explanation in the Biological Sciences; Ulrich Krohs -- 5. Mechanisms, Pathomechanisms, and Disease in Scientific Clinical Medicine; Gerhard Müller-Strahl -- 6. The Generalizations of Biology: Historical and Contingent?; Alexander Reutlinger -- 7. Evolutionary Explanations and the Role of Mechanisms; Gerhard Schurz -- Part III Explanation in the Historical Sciences -- 8. Explaining Roman History - A Case Study; Stephan Berry -- 9. Causal Explanation and Historical Meaning: How to Solve the Problem of the Specific Historical Relation between Events; Doris Gerber -- 10. Do Historians Study the Mechanisms of History? A Sketch; Daniel Plenge -- 11. Philosophy of History - Metaphysics and Epistemology; Oliver R. Scholz -- 12. Causal Explanations of Historical Trends; Derek D. Turner -- Part IV Bridging the Two Disciplines -- 13. Aspects of Human Historiographic Explanation: A View from the Philosophy of Science; Stuart Glennan -- 14. History and the Sciences; Philip Kitcher and Daniel Immerwahr -- 15 Explanation and Intervention in Coupled Human and Natural Systems; Daniel Steel -- 16. Biology and Natural History: What Makes the Difference; Aviezer Tucker.
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400779143
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 248 p. 4 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Philosophy of Engineering and Technology 17
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. The moral status of technical artefacts
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Political science Philosophy ; Engineering ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Political science Philosophy ; Engineering ; Engineering ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Political science ; Technology ; Artefakt ; Ethik ; Technik ; Artefakt ; Ethik ; Technik
    Abstract: This book considers the question: to what extent does it make sense to qualify technical artefacts as moral entities? The authors’ contributions trace recent proposals and topics including instrumental and non-instrumental values of artefacts, agency and artefactual agency, values in and around technologies, and the moral significance of technology. The editors’ introduction explains that as ‘agents’ rather than simply passive instruments, technical artefacts may actively influence their users, changing the way they perceive the world, the way they act in the world and the way they interact with each other. This volume features the work of various experts from around the world, representing a variety of positions on the topic. Contributions explore the contested discourse on agency in humans and artefacts, defend the Value Neutrality Thesis by arguing that technological artefacts do not contain, have or exhibit values, or argue that moral agency involves both human and non-human elements. The book also investigates technological fields that are subject to negative moral valuations due to the harmful effects of some of their products. It includes an analysis of some difficulties arising in Artificial Intelligence and an exploration of values in Chemistry and in Engineering. The Moral Status of Technical Artefacts is an advanced exploration of the various dimensions of the relations between technology and morality
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: the moral status of technical artefacts; Peter Kroes and Peter-Paul VerbeekChapter 1. Agency in Humans and in Artifacts: A Contested Discourse; Carl Mitcham -- Chapter 2. Towards a post-human intra-actional account of sociomaterial agency (and Morality); Lucas Introna -- Chapter 3. Which came first, the doer or the deed?; Allan Hanson -- Chapter 4. Some misunderstandings about the moral significance of technology; Peter-Paul Verbeek -- Chapter 5. “Guns don’t kill, people kill”; values in and/or around technologies; Joe Pitt.-Chapter 6. Can technology embody values?; Ibo van de Poel and Peter Kroes -- Chapter 7. From moral agents to moral factors: the structural ethics approach; Philip Brey -- Chapter 8. Artefactual agency and artefactual moral agency; Deborah G. Johnson and Merel Noorman -- Chapter 9. Artefacts, agency, and action schemes; Christian Illies and Anthonie Meijers -- Chapter 10. Artificial agents and their moral nature; Luciano Floridi -- Chapter 11. The good, the bad, the ugly and the poor: instrumental and non- instrumental values of artefacts; Maarten Franssen -- Chapter 12. Values in Chemistry and Engineering; Sven Ove Hansson.
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  • 55
    ISBN: 9789400778993
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXV, 925 p. 38 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: International Library of Ethics, Law, and the New Medicine 56
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Psychiatry ; Psychology, clinical ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Psychiatry ; Psychology, clinical
    Abstract: This book is a comprehensive analysis of the definitions, concepts, and recent research on malingering, feigning, and other response biases in psychological injury/ forensic disability populations. It presents a new model of malingering and related biases, and develops a "diagnostic system based on it that is applicable to PTSD, chronic pain, and TBI. Included are suggestions for effective practice and future research based on the literature reviews and the new systems, which are useful also because they can be used readily by psychiatrists as much as psychologists.
    Abstract: This book is a comprehensive analysis of the definitions, concepts, and recent research on malingering, feigning, and other response biases in psychological injury/ forensic disability populations. It presents a new model of malingering and related biases, and develops a “diagnostic” system based on it that is applicable to PTSD, chronic pain, and TBI. Included are suggestions for effective practice and future research based on the literature reviews and the new systems, which are useful also because they can be used readily by psychiatrists as much as psychologists
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Introduction; Content; Conclusion; References; Acknowledgments; Contents; Brief Biography; Table of Terms and Sources; Part I: Psychological Injury, Malingering, Definitions, Gold Standards, Models; Chapter 1: Introduction: Psychological Injury, Malingering, Ethics, and Law; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Book Summary; 1.3 First Part; 1.4 Second Part; 1.5 Third Part; 1.6 Fourth Part; 1.7 Fifth and Sixth Parts; 1.8 Conclusions on the Book's Contributions; 1.9 The Field of Psychological Injury Defined: Wikipedia Entry by the Author (Modified); 1.10 Psychological Injury and Law
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.11 Assessment and Malingering1.12 Diagnosis and Treatment; 1.13 Major Psychological Injuries; 1.14 Disability and Return to Work; 1.15 Psychological Testing and Tests; 1.16 Causality; 1.17 Value of the Field and Validity of the Injuries; 1.18 Chapter Conclusion; References; Chapter 2: Malingering: Definitional and Conceptual Ambiguities and Prevalence or Base Rates; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Conceptual and Definitional Ambiguities; 2.2.1 Introduction; 2.2.2 Different Approaches to the Same Terms; 2.2.3 Comment; 2.3 Recent Literature on Malingering and Related Response Biases
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.3.1 Inconsistent Conceptualizations2.3.2 Consistencies; 2.3.3 Comment; 2.4 Research on Prevalence of Malingering and Related Response Biases; 2.4.1 Malingering Minimized; 2.4.2 Malingering Maximized; 2.4.3 Malingering Balanced; 2.5 Chapter Conclusion; References; Chapter 3: Toward a Gold Standard in Malingering and Related Determinations; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 The 2011 Rogers (and Colleagues) and Boone Exchange in Psychological Injury and Law; 3.2.1 Rogers; 3.2.2 Boone; 3.2.3 Comment
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.3 Malingering/Feigning Detection Instruments and Related Tests and Scales in Psychiatric/Psychological Injury3.3.1 Evidence for Malingering/Feigning and Related Testing; 3.4 Tests of Malingering/Feigning and Related Biases; 3.4.1 Personality Tests; 3.4.2 Stand-Alone Tests; 3.4.3 Embedded Neuropsychological Indices; 3.5 Malingering in the Forensic Neuropsychological Context; 3.5.1 Introduction; 3.5.2 Explaining SVTs During Consent Seeking; 3.5.3 Defining Malingering and Its Prevalence; 3.5.4 How SVTs Work; 3.5.5 How SVTs are Validated
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.5.6 Considerations in Test Selection and Administration3.5.7 Discounting Failed and Passed SVTs; 3.5.8 Review of Select Tests; 3.5.9 Comment; 3.6 Toward New Malingering Diagnostic Systems; 3.7 Chapter Conclusion; References; Chapter 4: The MMPI-2-RF Personality Inventory in Psychological Injury Cases; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 The MMPI-2-RF Personality Inventory; 4.2.1 Description of the MMPI-2-RF; 4.2.2 Validating Research on Using the MMPI-2-RF with Psychological Injury Evaluees; 4.3 MMPI-2-RF: More Details; 4.4 Chapter Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 5: New Models of Malingering and Related Biases, Presentations, and Performances
    Description / Table of Contents: Monograph Part A: Psychological Injury, Malingering, Law, AssessmentSection I: Psychological Injury, Malingering, Definitions, Gold Standards, Models -- 1. Introduction: Psychological Injury, Malingering, Ethics, and Law -- 2. Malingering: Definitional and Conceptual Ambiguities and Prevalence or Base Rates -- 3. Toward a Gold Standard in Malingering and Related Determinations -- 4. The MMPI-2-RF Personality Inventory in Psychological Injury Cases -- 5. New Models of Malingering and Related Biases, Presentations, and Performances -- 6. Diagnostic System for Malingered PTSD and Related Response Biases: Details in Tabular Format -- Section II: Malingering Detection, Law, Causality -- 7. Deconstructing Favorable and Unfavorable Malingering-Attribution Perspectives -- 8. Other Contrasting Approaches to Malingering Detection -- 9. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Controversies, Diagnosis, and Malingering -- 10. Psychological Injury: Law and Causality -- 11. Leading the Field in Understanding and Testing Malingering and Related Response Styles: The Work of Richard Rogers -- Section III: Psychological Injury, Assessment, Most Recent Literature -- 12. Assessing Psychological Injuries and Malingering: Evaluator Considerations -- 13. Assessing Psychological and Malingering: PTSD and Evaluee Considerations -- 14. Assessing Psychological Injuries and Malingering: Disability and Report Writing -- 15. Slick-Sherman’s 2012-2013 Revision of the 1999 Slick et al. MND System -- 16. Symptom Validity Assessment, MTBI, and Malingering in Carone and Bush (2013) -- 17. Most Recent Journal Article Review -- Monograph Part B: Psychological Injury, Malingering, Ethics, Therapy -- Section IV: Psychological Injuries, Therapy, Ethics -- 18. MTBI and Pain -- 19. An Instrument to Detect Pain Feigning: The Pain Feigning Detection Test (PFDT) -- 20. Confusions and Confounds in Conversion Disorder -- 21. Therapy in Psychological Injury -- 22. Ethics in Psychological Injury and Law -- 23. A Transdiagnostic Therapeutic Module on Free Will and Change -- 24. A Model of Ethical Thought and Ethical Decision-Making -- Section V: Supplements - Testing, Systems -- 25. Selected Tests and Testing in Psychological Injury Evaluations I -- 26. Selected Tests and Testing in Psychological Injury Evaluations II -- 27. Table 1. Diagnostic System for Malingered PTSD Disability/ Dysfunction and Related Negative Response Biases: User Version and Worksheet -- 28. Table 2. Diagnostic System for Malingered Neurocognitive Disability/ Dysfunction and Related Negative Response Biases -- 29. Table 3. Diagnostic System for Malingered Pain Disability/ Dysfunction and Related Negative Response Biases -- Section VI: Terms, Education, Study -- 30. Glossary and Discussion of Terms -- 31. Education -- 32. Study Guide Questions, Teaching Objectives, and Learning Outcomes -- 33. PTSD and Malingering: Tests, Diagnostics, Cut-Scores, Cautions -- 34. Book Conclusions  .
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400778382
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 233 p. 3 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 368
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Computer science ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Computer science
    Abstract: This book analyzes Bas van Fraassen’s characterization of representation and models in science. In this regard, it presents the philosophical coordinates of his approach and pays attention to his structural empiricism as a framework for his views on scientific representations and models. These are developed here through two new contributions made by van Fraassen. In addition, there are analyses of the relation between models and reality in his approach, where the complexity of this conception is considered in detail. Furthermore, there is an examination of scientific explanation and epistemic values judgments. This volume includes a wealth of bibliographical information on his philosophy and relevant philosophical issues. Bas van Fraassen is a key figure in contemporary philosophy of science, as the prestigious Hempel Award shows. His views on scientific representation offer new ideas on how it should be characterized, and his conception of models shows a novelty that goes beyond other empiricists’ approaches of recent times. Both aspects - the characterization of scientific representation and the conception of models in science - are part of a deliberate attempt to forge a “structural empiricism,” an alternative to structural realism based on an elaborated version of empiricism
    Description / Table of Contents: Prologue; Wenceslao J. GonzalezPart 1. Philosophical Coordinates -- Chapter 1. “On Representation and Models in Bas van Fraassen’s Approach”; Wenceslao J. Gonzalez -- Chapter 2. “Scientific Activity as an Interpretative Practice. Empiricism, Constructivism and Pragmatism”; Inmaculada Perdomo -- Chapter 3. “Models and Phenomena: Bas van Fraassen’s Empiricist Structuralism”; Iranzo, Valeriano -- Part 2. Models and Representations -- Chapter 4. “The Criterion of Empirical Grounding in the Sciences”; Bas van Fraassen -- Chapter 5. “On Representing Evidence”; Maria Carla Galavotti -- Part 3. Models and Reality -- Chapter 6. “The View from Within and the View from Above : Looking at van Fraassen’s Perrin”; Stathis Psillos -- Chapter 7. “Models and Phenomena: Bas van Fraassen’s Empiricist Structuralism”;  Valeriano Iranzo -- Chapter 8. “Scientific Models and Abduction: The Role of Non Classical Logics”; Ángel Nepomuceno -- Part 4. Scientific Explanation and Epistemic Values Judgments -- Chapter 9. “Explanation as a Pragmatic Virtue: Bas van Fraassen’s Model”; Margarita Santana -- Chapter 10. “Values, Choices, and Epistemic Stances”, Bas van Fraassen.
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  • 57
    ISBN: 9783319017549
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 409 p. 42 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Outstanding Contributions to Logic 2
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Nuel Belnap on indeterminism and free action
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Belnap, Nuel D. 1930- ; Handlungslogik ; Indeterminismus ; Handlungsfreiheit ; Belnap, Nuel D. 1930- ; Willensfreiheit ; Handlungstheorie
    Abstract: This volume seeks to further the use of formal methods in clarifying one of the central problems of philosophy: that of our free human agency and its place in our indeterministic world. It celebrates the important contributions made in this area by Nuel Belnap, American logician and philosopher. Philosophically, indeterminism and free action can seem far apart, but in Belnap’s work, they are intimately linked. This book explores their philosophical interconnectedness through a selection of original research papers that build forth on Belnap’s logical and philosophical work. Some contributions take the form of critical discussions of Belnap's published work, some develop points made in his publications in new directions, and others provide additional insights on the topics of indeterminism and free action. In Nuel Belnap’s work on indeterminism and free action, three formal frameworks figure prominently: the simple branching histories framework known as "branching time;" its relativistic spatio-temporal extension, branching space-times; and the “seeing to it that” (stit) logic of agency. As those frameworks provide the formal background for the contributed papers, the volume introduction gives an overview of the current state of their development. It also introduces case-intensional first order logic (CIFOL), a general intensional logic offering resources for a first-order extension of the mentioned frameworks and a recent research focus of Belnap’s. The volume also contains an extended biographical interview with Nuel Belnap
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401786256
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 258 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Advancing Global Bioethics 1
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. African indigenous ethics in global bioethics
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Regional planning ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Regional planning ; Afrika ; Bioethik
    Abstract: This book educates whilst also challenging the contemporary schools of thought within philosophical and religious ethics. In addition, it underlines the fact that the substance of ethics in general and bioethics/healthcare ethics specifically, is much more expansive and inclusive than is usually thought. Bioethics is a relatively new academic discipline. However, ethics has existed informally since before the time of Hippocrates. The indigenous culture of African peoples has an ethical worldview which predates the western discourse. This indigenous ethical worldview has been orally transmitted over centuries. The earliest known written African text containing some concepts and content of ethics is the “Declaration of Innocence” written in 1500 B.C., found in an Egyptian text. Ubuntu is an example of African culture that presents an ethical worldview. This work interprets the culture of Ubuntu to explain the contribution of a representative indigenous African ethics to global bioethics. Many modern scholars have written about the meaning of Ubuntu for African societies over centuries. Some scholars have viewed Ubuntu as the greatest contribution of African cultures to other world cultures. None of the scholars, however has explored the culture of Ubuntu as providing a representative indigenous ethics that can contribute to global bioethics as discussed in this book
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Acknowledgement; Contents; Chapter-1 ; Introduction: The Culture of Ubuntu; 1.1 Emergence of Global Bioethics ; 1.1.1 Inevitable Birth of Global Bioethics ; 1.1.1.1 Limited Scope of Medical Ethics and the Increasing Need for Global Bioethics; 1.1.1.2 Political Bases for the Genesis of Global Bioethics ; 1.1.1.3 Demographical Conditions that Necessitated Emergence of Global Bioethics ; 1.1.2 UNESCO Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rightsas Appropriate Response to the Needs of the Times; 1.1.2.1 Globalization ; 1.1.2.2 Infectious Diseases ; 1.1.2.3 International Trade
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.1.3 UNESCO Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rightsas an Unconscious Recognition of Ubuntu1.1.3.1 Humans should not be Used as Mere Means to Whatever End ; 1.1.3.2 Increasingly Obvious Need for International Bioethical Policymaking Board; 1.1.3.3 The Increasing Need to Recognize Human Basic Equality Globally ; 1.2 Exploration of Ubuntu ; 1.2.1 Meaning of Ubuntu ; 1.2.2 Ubuntu is Anthropocentric, Theocentric and Cosmocentric ; 1.2.2.1 Interdependence ; 1.2.2.2 Need for Otherness ; 1.2.2.3 Ubuntu and Unity ; 1.2.3 Ubuntu Ethics of Immortality ; 1.2.3.1 Personal Immortality
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.2.3.2 The Importance of Marriage and Procreation 1.2.3.3 Ubuntu Theory of Moral Development ; 1.3 Relevance of Ubuntu Worldview ; 1.3.1 Ubuntu Existential-Relational Epistemology ; 1.3.2 Ubuntu Relational and Holistic Perspective on Human Disease ; 1.3.3 Ubuntu Communitarian Healthcare Ethics ; 1.4 Conclusion ; Chapter-2; Ubuntu Ethics; 2.1 Tension Between Individual and Universal Rights; 2.1.1 Inalienable Rights; 2.1.1.1 Personal Rights within Communitarian Context; 2.1.1.2 Individual's Personal Rights are Defined by Others' Personal Rights; 2.1.2 Human Relationships
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1.2.1 Anthropological and Epistemological Perspective2.1.2.2 Otherness; 2.1.2.3 Communitarianism; 2.1.3 Reciprocity of Care; 2.1.3.1 Reciprocity as the Bond Between the Community and an Individual; 2.1.3.2 Ujamaa as Praxis of Ubuntu Reciprocity; 2.1.3.3 Importance of Marriage and Procreation; 2.2 Cosmic and Global Context; 2.2.1 Justice; 2.2.1.1 Ubuntu Justice is Reparative Rather than Retributive; 2.2.1.2 Ubuntu Justice is Distributive; 2.2.1.3 Ubuntu Justice is Communitarian; 2.2.2 Diversity; 2.2.2.1 Anthropocentrism and Respect for Diversity
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.2.2.2 Otherness as Source, Objective and Rationale of Morality2.2.2.3 Tension Between Diversity, Communitarianism and Human Freedom; 2.2.3 Biosphere; 2.2.3.1 The Self and the Cosmos in Relationship; 2.2.3.2 Role of and Respect for Other Forms of Life; 2.2.3.3 Sacredness of the Biosphere; 2.3 The Role of Solidarity; 2.3.1 Common Good; 2.3.1.1 Common Ownership of the Major Means of Production; 2.3.1.2 Distribution of Wealth on the Basis of Need; 2.3.1.3 Moral Obligation to Participate in the Process of Production; 2.3.2 Social Cohesion
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.3.2.1 Moral Responsibility to Participate in Community Building
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    ISBN: 9783319054858
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 265 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Argumentation Library 24
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Zarefsky, David, 1946 - Rhetorical perspectives on argumentation
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Argumentation ; Rhetorik ; Argumentation ; Philosophie
    Abstract: This book contains 20 essays tracing the work of David Zarefsky, a leading North American scholar of argumentation from a rhetorical perspective. The essays cohere around 4 general themes: objectives for studying argumentation rhetorically, approaches to rhetorical study of argumentation, patterns and schemes of rhetorical argumentation, and case studies illustrating the potential of studying argumentation rhetorically. These articles are drawn from across Zarefsky’s 45-year career. Many of these articles originally appeared in publications that are difficult to access today, and this collection brings the reader up to date on the topic. Zarefsky’s scholarship focuses on the role of language in political argumentation, the ways in which argumentation creates public knowledge and belief, the influence of framing and context on what is said and understood, the deployment of particular patterns and schemes of argumentation in public reasoning, and the influence of debate on politics and governance. All these topics are addressed in this book. Each of the conceptual essays includes brief application to specific cases, and five extended case studies are also presented in this volume. The case studies cover different themes: two explore famous political debates, the third focuses on presidential rhetoric across the course of United States history, the fourth on the arguments for liberalism at a time of political polarization, and the fifth on the contemporary effort to engage the United States with the Muslim world. This book is of interest to scholars in the fields of philosophy, logic, law, philosophy of law, and legal history. The range of topics and concepts addressed, the interplay of concepts and cases and the unifying perspective of rhetorical argumentation make this book a valuable read for students of argumentative practice, whether rhetorically or otherwise.
    Description / Table of Contents: DedicationContents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Part One: Objectives of Studying Argumentation Rhetorically -- 1. Reflections on Making the Case -- 2. Argument as Hypothesis Testing -- 3. Knowledge Claims in Rhetorical Criticism -- 4. What Does an Argument Culture Look Like?.- 5. Reclaiming Rhetoric’s Responsibilities.- Part Two: Approaches to Studying Argumentation Rhetorically -- 6. Product, Process, or Point of View? -- 7. Persistent Questions in the Theory of Argument Fields -- 8. Strategic Maneuvering in Political Argumentation -- 9. Taking the Jurisprudential Analogy Seriously -- Part Three: Patterns of Rhetorical Argumentation -- 10. Definitions -- 11. Strategic Maneuvering Through Persuasive Definitions: Implications for Dialectic and Rhetoric -- 12. Felicity Conditions for the Circumstantial Ad Hominem: The Case of Bush v. Gore -- 13. Terrorism and the Argument from Ignorance -- 14. Arguing about Values: The Problem of Public Moral Argument -- 15. The Appeal for Transcendence: A Possible Response to Cases of Deep Disagreement -- Part Four: Analyses of Rhetorical Argumentation -- 16. Conspiracy Arguments in the Lincoln-Douglas Debates.-  17. Turning Points in the Galesburg Debate -- 18. Presidential Rhetoric and the Power of Definition -- 19. The Impasse of the Liberal Argument: Speculation on American Politics in the Late 1960s.- 20. Pragma-Dialectical Analysis of Rhetorical Texts: The Case of Barack Obama in Cairo with Dima Mohammed.
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    ISBN: 9783319062068
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 68 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Philosophy
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Wieland, Jan Willem, 1984 - Infinite regress arguments
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Science Philosophy ; Kausalität ; Unendlichkeit ; Logik ; Argumentation
    Abstract: This book on infinite regress arguments provides (i) an up-to-date overview of the literature on the topic, (ii) ready-to-use insights for all domains of philosophy, and (iii) two case studies to illustrate these insights in some detail. Infinite regress arguments play an important role in all domains of philosophy. There are infinite regresses of reasons, obligations, rules, and disputes, and all are supposed to have their own moral. Yet most of them are involved in controversy. Hence the question is: what exactly is an infinite regress argument, and when is such an argument a good one?
    Abstract: This book on infinite regress arguments provides (i) an up-to-date overview of the literature on the topic, (ii) ready-to-use insights for all domains of philosophy, and (iii) two case studies to illustrate these insights in some detail. Infinite regress arguments play an important role in all domains of philosophy. There are infinite regresses of reasons, obligations, rules, and disputes, and all are supposed to have their own moral. Yet most of them are involved in controversy. Hence the question is: what exactly is an infinite regress argument, and when is such an argument a good one?
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents; 1 Introduction; 1.1…Overview; 1.2…Two Examples; 1.3…Overview of Classic Cases; 1.4…Two Desiderata; References; 2 The Paradox Theory; 2.1…Use; 2.2…Evaluation; 2.3…Classic Instances; 2.4…Logical Analysis; References; 3 The Failure Theory; 3.1…Use; 3.2…Evaluation; 3.3…Classic Instances; 3.4…Concluding Remarks; 3.5…Logical Analysis; References; 4 Case Study: Carroll's Tortoise; 4.1…The Renewed Tortoise; 4.2…Stage Setting; 4.3…Four Solutions; 4.4…Three Hypotheses; 4.4.1 Rule/Premise; 4.4.2 Internal/External; 4.4.3 Obligations; 4.4.4 General Diagnosis; 4.5…Concluding Remark; References
    Description / Table of Contents: 5 Case Study: Access and the Shirker Problem5.1…Access; 5.2…The Loophole; 5.3…Paradox Analysis; 5.4…Failure Analysis; 5.5…Concluding Remarks; References
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Heidelberg : Springer International Publishing
    ISBN: 9783319008707
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 100 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Ethics
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Newton, Lisa Business ethics in the social context
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Commercial law ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Commercial law ; Handelsrecht ; Ethik ; Moral ; Handelsrecht ; Ethik ; Moral
    Abstract: The book tracks the rise of Business Ethics as a discipline in the United States through a review of the basic understandings of the role of business practices in the operations of society, beginning with Aristotle and proceeding to a review of the formative concepts and cases in the history of American business.
    Abstract: The book tracks the rise of Business Ethics as a discipline in the United States through a review of the basic understandings of the role of business practices in the operations of society, beginning with Aristotle and proceeding to a review of the formative concepts and cases in the history of American business
    Description / Table of Contents: Prefatory NoteIntroduction:  The Nature of this text -- Chapter 1.   Can Business Be a Moral Enterprise? -- Chapter 2.  Employee Rights and Responsibilities The Internal Constituencies of Business -- Chapter 3: Customers, Community, and World: The External Constituencies of Business.
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  • 62
    ISBN: 9789400760349
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 281 p. 6 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology 68
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Schutzian phenomenology and hermeneutic traditions
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Social sciences Methodology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Social sciences Methodology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Hermeneutik ; Phänomenologische Soziologie ; Schütz, Alfred 1899-1959 ; Hermeneutik ; Phänomenologische Soziologie ; Schütz, Alfred 1899-1959
    Abstract: Schutzian Phenomenology and Hermeneutic Traditions links Alfred Schutz to the larger hermeneutic tradition in Continental thought, illuminating the deep affinity between Schutzian phenomenology and hermeneutics. The essays collected here explore a broad spectrum of Schutzian themes and concerns, from Schutz’s concrete affinities to hermeneutic traditions, his interpretationism and the pragmatist nature of Schutz’s thought, to questions concerning the role of the media and music in our understanding of the life-world and intersubjectivity. The essays go on to explore the practical applicability of Schutz’s thoughts on questions regarding economics, literature, ethics and the limits of human understanding. Given its emphasis on the application of Schutzian ideas and concepts, this book willbe of special interest to a wide range of readers in the social sciences and humanities, who are interested in the application of phenomenology to social, political, and cultural phenomena
    Description / Table of Contents: INTRODUCTORY ESSAY.- Reflections on the Relationship of ‘Social Phenomenology’ and Hermeneutics in Alfred Schutz:  An Introduction, M. STAUDIGL.- I. SCHUTZIAN PHENOMENOLOGY AND HERMENEUTIC TRADITIONS.- The Lifeworld Analysis of Alfred Schutz and the Methodology of the Social Sciences, T. EBERLE.- Understanding Sociologies and Tradition(s) of Hermeneutics, M. ENDRESS.-  Alfred Schutz and a Hermeneutical Sociology of Knowledge, H. NASU.-  The Interpretationism of Alfred Schutz or How Woodcutting can have Referential and Non-Referential Meaning, L. EMBREEII. THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL REASSESSMENTS.-  Pragmatic theory of the life-world and hermeneutics of the social sciences, I. SRUBAR.-  Media Structures of the Life-World, R. AYASS.- The Musical Foundations of Alfred Schutz’ Hermeneutics of the Social World, A. G. STASCHEIT.- III. EXPLORATIONS OF THE PRACTICAL WORLD.-  Scientific Practice and the World of Working: Beyond Schutz’s Wirkwelt, D. BISCHUR.-  Hermeneutics of Transcendence:  Understanding and Communication at the Limits of Experience, A. HILT --    Alfred Schutz’s Practical-Hermeneutical Approach to Law and Normativity, I. COPOERU.-  Everyday Morality. Questions with and for Alfred Schutz, B. WALDENFELS .- IV. INVESTIGATIONS INTO MULTIPLE REALITIES.- Goffman and Schutz on multiple realities, G. PSATHAS.- Literature and the Limits of Pragmatism:  Alfred Schutz’s Goethe Manuscripts, M. D. BARBER.- Life-World Analysis and Literary Interpretation. On the Reconstruction of Symbolic Reality Spheres, J. DREHER.- Image Worlds. Aesthetic Experience and the Problem of Hermeneutics in the Social Sciences, D. TÄNZLER.
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    ISBN: 9783642374289
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 639 p. 79 illus., 4 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics 8
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Model-Based reasoning in science and technology
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of mind ; Science Philosophy ; Computer simulation ; Consciousness ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of mind ; Science Philosophy ; Computer simulation ; Consciousness ; Konferenzschrift 2012 ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Naturwissenschaften ; Modellbasiertes Schließen ; Modellbasiertes Schließen ; Rationalität ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Naturwissenschaften ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie
    Abstract: This book contains contributions presented during the international conference on Model-Based Reasoning (MBR´012), held on June 21-23 in Sestri Levante, Italy. Interdisciplinary researchers discuss in this volume how scientific cognition and other kinds of cognition make use of models, abduction, and explanatory reasoning in order to produce important or creative changes in theories and concepts. Some of the contributions analyzed the problem of model-based reasoning in technology and stressed the issues of scientific and technological innovation. The book is divided in three main parts: models, mental models, representations; abduction, problem solving and practical reasoning; historical, epistemological and technological issues.
    Description / Table of Contents: Models, Mental models, RepresentationsAbduction, Problem solving and Practical reasoning -- Historical, Epistemological and Technological issues.
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400766006
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 269 p. 156 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Handbook of Philosophical Logic 17
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Handbook of philosophical logic ; 17
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic
    Abstract: This second edition of the Handbook of Philosophical Logic reflects great changes in the landscape of philosophical logic since the first edition. It gives readers an idea of that landscape and its relation to computer science and formal language and artificial intelligence. It shows how the increased demand for philosophical logic from computer science and artificial intelligence and computational linguistics accelerated the development of the subject directly and indirectly. This development in turn, directly pushed research forward, stimulated by the needs of applications. New logic areas becameestablished and old areas were enriched and expanded. At the same time, it socially provided employment for generations of logicians residing in computer science, linguistics and electrical engineering departments which of course helped keep the logic community to thrive. The many contributors to this Handbook are active in these application areas and are among the most famous leading figures of applied philosophical logic of our times
    Description / Table of Contents: Editorial Preface; Dov M. GabbayHybrid Logic; Torben Braüner -- Nominal Terms and Nominal Logics: From Foundations to Meta-mathematics; Murdoch J. Gabbay -- Introduction to Labelled Deductive Systems; Dov M. Gabbay -- Index.
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  • 65
    ISBN: 9789400760011
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 457 p. 29 illus., 16 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in Brain and Mind 6
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Neurosciences ; Philosophy of mind ; Computer vision ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Neurosciences ; Philosophy of mind ; Computer vision
    Abstract: This volume is product of the third online consciousness conference, held at http://consciousnessonline.com in February and March 2011. Chapters range over epistemological issues in the science and philosophy of perception, what neuroscience can do to help us solve philosophical issues in the philosophy of mind, what the true nature of black and white vision, pain, auditory, olfactory, or multi-modal experiences are, to higher-order theories of consciousness, synesthesia, among others. Each chapter includes a target article, commentaries, and in most cases, a final response from the author. Though wide-ranging all of the papers aim to understand consciousness both from the inside, as we experience it, and from the outside as we encounter it in our science. The Online Consciousness Conference, founded and organized by Richard Brown, is dedicated to the rigorous study of consciousness and mind. The goal is to bring philosophers, scientists, and interested lay persons together in an online venue to promote high-level discussion and exchanging of views, ideas and data related to the scientific and philosophical study of consciousness
    Description / Table of Contents: Chp. 1 Richard Brown “Introduction”I. First-Person Data and the Science of Consciousness -- Chp. 2. Ruth Millikan  “An Epistemology for Phenomenology?” -- Chp.  3. Gualtiero Piccinini & Corey J. Maley “From Phenomenology to the Self-Measurement Methodology of First-Person Data” -- II. Phenomenal Properties and Dualism -- Chp. 4. Paul Churchland “Consciousness and the Introspection of Apparent Qualitative Simples” -- Chp. 5. Torin Alter “Churchland on arguments against physicalism” -- Chp. 6. Paul Churchland “Response to Torin Alter” -- III. Property Dualism and Panpsychism -- Chp. 7. Philip Goff “Orthodox Property Dualism + the Linguistic Theory of Vagueness = Panpsychism” -- Chp. 8. Bill Robinson “A Wake Up Call” -- Chp. 9. Jon Simon “What is Acquaintance with Consciousness?” -- Chp. 10. Philip Goff “Reply to Simon and Robinson” -- IV. Naïve Realism, Hallucinations, and Perceptual Justification -- Chp. 11. Benj Hellie “It’s Still There!” -- Chp. 12. Jacob Berger “Perceptual Justification Outside of Consciousness” -- Chp. 13. Jeff Speaks “Some Thoughts about Hallucination, Self-Representation, and “It’s Still There!”” -- Chp. 14. Heather Logue “But Where is a Hallucinator’s Perceptual Justification?” -- Chp. 15. Benj Hellie “Yep -Still There” -- V. Beyond Color-Consciousness -- Chp. 16. Kathleen Akins “Black and White and Color” -- Chp. 17. Pete Mandik “What is Visual and Phenomenal but Concerns Neither Hue nor Shade?” -- VI. Phenomenal Externalism and the Science of Perception -- Chp. 18. Adam Pautz “The Real Trouble for Phenomenal Externalists: New Evidence for a Brain-Based Theory of Consciousness” -- Chp. 19. David Hilbert & Colin Klein “No Problem” -- Chp. 20. Adam Pautz “Ignoring the Real Problems for Phenomenal Externalism: A Reply to Hilbert and Klein” -- VII. The Ontology of Audition -- Chp. 21. Jason Leddington “What We Hear” -- Chp. 22. Casey O'Calleghan “Audible Independence and Binding” -- Chp. 23. Matt Nudds “Commentary on Leddington” -- VIII. Multi-Modal Experience -- Chp. 24. Kevin Connolly “Making Sense of Multiple Senses” -- Chp. 25. Matt Fulkerson “Explaining Multisensory Experience” -- IX. Synesthesia -- Chp. 26. Berit Brogaard “Seeing as a Non-Experiential Mental State: The Case from Synesthesia and Mental Imagery” -- Chp. 27. Ophelia Deroy “Synesthesia: An Experience of the Third Kind?” -- Chp. 28. Berit Brogaard “Varieties of Synesthetic Experience” -- X. Higher-Order Thought Theories of Consciousness and the Prefrontal Cortex -- Chp. 29. Miguel Ángel Sebastián “Not a Hot Dream” -- Chp. 30. Josh Weisberg “Sweet Dreams are Made of This?  A HOT Response to Sebastián” -- Chp. 31. Matt Ivonowich “The dlPFC isn’t a NCHOT: A Commentary on Sebastián’s “Not a HOT Dream” -- Chp. 32. Miguel Ángel Sebastián “I Cannot Tell You (Everything) About My Dreams: Reply to Ivanowich and Weisberg”.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
    URL: Cover
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  • 66
    ISBN: 9789400769731
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 331 p. 46 illus., 18 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 34
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Theories of information, communication and knowledge
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Information ; Kommunikation ; Wissen ; Informations- und Dokumentationswissenschaft ; Online-Ressource ; Information ; Kommunikation ; Wissen
    Abstract: This book addresses some of the key questions that scientists have been asking themselves for centuries: what is knowledge? What is information? How do we know that we know something? How do we construct meaning from the perceptions of things? Although no consensus exists on a common definition of the concepts of information and communication, few can reject the hypothesis that information - whether perceived as « object » or as « process » - is a pre-condition for knowledge. Epistemology is the study of how we know things (anglophone meaning) or the study of how scientific knowledge is arrived at and validated (francophone conception). To adopt an epistemological stance is to commit oneself to render an account of what constitutes knowledge or in procedural terms, to render an account of when one can claim to know something. An epistemological theory imposes constraints on the interpretation of human cognitive interaction with the world. It goes without saying that different epistemological theories will have more or less restrictive criteria to distinguish what constitutes knowledge from what is not. If information is a pre-condition for knowledge acquisition, giving an account of how knowledge is acquired should impact our comprehension of information and communication as concepts. While a lot has been written on the definition of these concepts, less research has attempted to establish explicit links between differing theoretical conceptions of these concepts and the underlying epistemological stances. This is what this volume attempts to do. It offers a multidisciplinary exploration of information and communication as perceived in different disciplines and how those perceptions affect theories of knowledge
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Fidelia Ibekwe-SanJuan and Thomas DousaChapter 1: Cybersemiotics: A new foundation for transdisciplinary theory of information, cognition, meaning, communication and consciousness; Søren Brier -- Chapter 2: Epistemology and the Study of Social Information within the Perspective of a Unified Theory of Information;Wolfgang Hofkirchner.- Chapter 3: Perception and Testimony as Data Providers; Luciano Floridi -- Chapter 4: Human communication from the semiotic perspective; Winfried Nöth --   Chapter 5: Mind the gap: transitions between concepts of information in varied domains; Lyn Robinson and David Bawden -- Chapter 6:  Information and the disciplines: A conceptual meta-analysis; Jonathan Furner -- Chapter 7: Epistemological Challenges for Information Science; Ian Cornelius -- Chapter 8: The nature of information science and its core concepts; Birger Hjørland -- Chapter 9: Sylvie Leleu-Merviel. Coalescence in the informational process. Application to visual sense-making. Chapter 10: Understanding users’ informational constructs through the affordances of cinematographic images; Michel Labour -- Chapter 11: Documentary Languages and the Demarcation of Information Units in Textual Information: A Case Study; Thomas Dousa -- Index.
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400768062
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 201 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in Global Justice 12
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Schuppert, Fabian Freedom, recognition and non-domination
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of law ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of law ; Political science Philosophy ; Hochschulschrift ; Anerkennung ; Autonomie ; Handlungsfreiheit ; Philosophie ; Soziale Gerechtigkeit
    Abstract: This book offers an original account of a distinctly republican theory of social and global justice. The book starts by exploring the nature and value of Hegelian recognition theory. It shows the importance of that theory for grounding a normative account of free and autonomous agency. It is this normative account of free agency which provides the groundwork for a republican conception of social and global justice, based on the core-ideas of freedom as non-domination and autonomy as non-alienation. As the author argues, republicans should endorse a sufficientarian account of social justice, which focuses on the nature of social relationships and their effects on people's ability to act freely and realize their fundamental interests. On the global level, the book argues for the cosmopolitan extension of the republican principles of non-domination and non-alienation within a multi-level democratic system. In so doing, the book addresses a major gap in the existing literature, presenting an original theory of justice, which combines Hegelian recognition theory and republican ideas of freedom, and applying this hybrid theory to the global domain. Fabian Schuppert creates a grand synthesis uniting neo-republican insights on freedom with Hegelian recognition theory. The result is an account of agency that arises from the idea of non-domination whose aim it is to safeguard individual freedom. When combined with Hegelian recognition theory a social focus also emerges. This amalgam comments on many of the major disputes concerning global justice from a cosmopolitan perspective. Because of the broad scope and the many contemporary discussions engaged this book will be of keen interest to scholars as well as a welcome addition to the classroom. Michael Boylan, Professor and Chair, Philosophy, Marymount University, USA In this highly readable and imaginative book, Schuppert shows how a republican political theory can address the problems of recognition, identity, and non-domination. Moreover, Schuppert demonstrates that Hegel's political philosophy has continuing vitality for the 21st century as he applies it to contemporary policy debates on basic needs, human rights, and cosmopolitanism. Robert Paul Churchill, Professor of Philosophy, George Washington University, USA
    Description / Table of Contents: AcknowledgmentsIntroduction - A Republican Theory of (Global) Justice.- Chapter One: The Nature of Free Rational Agency -- Chapter Two: Analysing Freedom & Autonomy - Recognition, Responsibility and Threats to Agency -- Chapter Three: Needs, Interests and Rights -- Chapter Four: Capabilities, Freedom and Sufficiency -- Chapter Five: Collective Agency, Democracy and Political Institutions -- Chapter Six: Global Justice and Non-Domination -- Conclusion: Freedom, Recognition & Non-Domination -- Bibliography -- Index.
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  • 68
    ISBN: 9783319018997
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 401 p. 7 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook 17
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. European philosophy of science - philosophy of science in Europe and the Viennese heritage
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Science Philosophy ; Konferenzschrift 2011 ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie ; Geschichte 1900-2000 ; Wiener Kreis ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie
    Abstract: This volume combines the theoretical and historical perspective focusing on the specific features of a European philosophy of science. On the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the Institute Vienna Circle the Viennese roots and influences will be addressed, in addition. There is no doubt that contemporary philosophy of science originated mainly in Europe beginning in the 19th century and has influenced decisively the subsequent development of globalized philosophy of science, esp. in North America. Recent research in this field documents some specific characteristics of philosophy of science covering the natural, social, and also cultural sciences in the European context up to the destruction and forced migration caused by Fascism and National Socialism. This European perspective with the integration of history and philosophy of science and the current situation in the philosophy of science after the transatlantic interaction and transformation, and the “return” after World War II raises the question of contemporary European characteristics in the philosophy of science. The role and function of the renowned Vienna Circle of Logical Empiricism and its impact and influence on contemporary philosophy of science is on the agenda, too. Accordingly, the general topic is dealt with in two parallel sessions representing systematic-formal as well as genetic-historical perspectives on philosophy of science in a European context up to the present
    Description / Table of Contents: TABLE OF CONTENTS; EDITORIAL; FROM THE VIENNA CIRCLE TO THE INSTITUTE VIENNA CIRCLE:ON THE VIENNESE HERITAGE IN CONTEMPORARY PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE; 1 ANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY (OF SCIENCE) - THE CONTEXT OF MODERNITY; 2 VIENNESE AND EUROPEAN CONTEXTS; 3 VIENNA - BERLIN - PRAGUE: CENTRAL EUROPEAN COMMUNICATION; 4 EDGAR ZILSEL - IMPORT OF HISTORY AND SOCIOLOGY OF SCIENCE; 5 LOGICAL EMPIRICISM RE-EVALUATED; 6 VIENNESE ORIGINS - EUROPEAN NETWORKS; 7 MORITZ SCHLICK - BETWEEN REALISM AND EMPIRICISM; 8 RUDOLF CARNAP - PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE TODAY; 9 NEURATH'S BOAT REDISCOVERED - THE "VISUAL TURN"
    Description / Table of Contents: 10 ARNE NAESS - A ROAD TO EMPIRICAL SEMANTICS AND"EXPERIMENTAL PHILOSOPHY"11 FRIEDRICH WAISMANN BETWEEN SCHLICK AND WITTGENSTEIN: VIENNA-CAMBRIDGE-OXFORD; 12 THE 'THIRD VIENNA CIRCLE': ARTHUR PAP AND THE RENAISSANCE OF ANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY (OF SCIENCE); 13 CONTINENTAL INTERACTIONS - FINNO-UGRIAN TRADITIONS; 14 INTRA-CONTINENTAL NETWORKING BETWEEN EAST AND WEST; 15 THE AUSTRO-BRITISH INTERACTION SINCE 1900; 16 TRANSATLANTIC INTERACTIONS: EUROPE AND AMERICA; 17 EMOTIVISM AND META-ETHICAL NONCOGNITIVISM: NORMS AND VALUES REVISITED; 18 LOGICAL EMPIRICISM AND PURE THEORY OF LAW - FAMILY RESEMBLANCE
    Description / Table of Contents: 19 FELIX KAUFMANN'S MEDIATING SCHOOLS AND METHODS - LIBERALISM AND PLURALISM20 PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF QUANTUM PHYSICS AND MATHEMATICS; 21 EUROPEAN PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE - PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE IN EUROPE; A MATTER OF SUBSTANCE? GASTON BACHELARD ON CHEMISTRY'S PHILOSOPHICAL LESSONS; 1. INTRODUCTION; 2. ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS; 3. THE SCIENTIFIC OBJECT; 4. THE CONCEPT OF SUBSTANCE; 5. THE ROLE OF CHEMISTRY IN BACHELARD'S PHILOSOPHY; 6. CONCLUSION: THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE PHILOSOPHICAL OBJECT
    Description / Table of Contents: CARNAP'S AUFBAU AND PHYSICALISM: WHAT DOES THE "MUTUAL REDUCIBILITY" OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL OBJECTS AMOUNT TO?1 TWO VERSIONS OF THE INTERTRANSLATABILITY THESIS; 2 THE TWO CONSTITUTIONAL SYSTEMS; 3 STRONG INTERTRANSLATABILITY CHALLENGED; 4 AUTO-PSYCHOLOGICAL EXCEPTIONALISM PROBED; 5 CONCLUSION; ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NEUROSCIENCE AND PHILOSOPHY: THE CASE OF SLEEP AND DREAMING; I HISTORICAL SKETCH; II EPISTEMOLOGY; III PHILOSOPHICAL REMARKS ON PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL PARALLELISM AND CEREBRAL CORRELATES OF CONSCIOUS EXPERIENCE; IV FUNCTIONAL HYPOTHESIS
    Description / Table of Contents: (ANTI-)METAPHYSICS IN THE THIRTIES: AND WHY SHOULD ANYONE CARE NOW?PRECEDENTS; MOTIVES; THE PSEUDOPROBLEMS MOMENT; NOW; BIBLIOGRAPHY; PROBABILISTIC EPISTEMOLOGY: A EUROPEAN TRADITION; ABSTRACT; 1. ABOUT PROBABILISTIC EPISTEMOLOGY; 2. JANINA HOSIASSON (1899-1942); 3. FRANK PLUMPTON RAMSEY (1903-1930); 4. BRUNO DE FINETTI (1906-1985); 5. HAROLD JEFFREYS (1891-1989); 6. HANS REICHENBACH (1891-1953); 7. CONCLUSION; REDUCTIONISM TODAY; ABSTRACT; 1. INTRODUCTION; 2. ONTOLOGICAL REDUCTIONISM; 3. THEORY REDUCTION; REFERENCES; BETTING INTERPRETATION AND THE PROBLEM OF INTERFERENCE
    Description / Table of Contents: CAUSAL RELATIONS BETWEEN BETS AND THE PROPOSITIONS BETTED ON
    Note: Description based upon print version of record , EditorialFrom the Vienna Circle to the Institute Vienna Circle: On the Viennese Legacy in Contemporary Philosophy of Science; Friedrich Stadler ; I ; A Matter of Substance? Gaston Bachelard on Chemistry’s Philosophical Lessons; Cristina Chimisso ; Carnap’s Aufbau and Physicalism: What Does the “Mutual Reducibility” of Psychological and Physical Objects Amount to?; Thomas Uebel ; On the Relationship between Neuroscience and Philosophy: the Case of Sleep and Dreaming; Claude Debru ; Metaphysics in the Thirties: And Why Should Anyone Care Now? Richard Creath ; II ; Probabilistic Epistemology: A European Tradition; Maria Carla Galavotti ; Reductionism today; Michael Esfeld ; Betting Interpretation and the Problem of Interference; Wlodek Rabinowicz and Lina Eriksson ; III.- Mathematics and Experience; Ladislav Kvasz ; Gödel and Carnap. Platonism versus Conventionalism?; Eckehart Köhler ; What is the Status of the Hardy-Weinberg Law within Population Genetics?; Pablo Lorenzano ; IV ; Kazimierz Twardowski and the Development of Philosophy of Science in Poland; Jan Woleński ; V ; Vienna Circle on Determinism; Tomasz Placek ; Infinite Idealizations; John D. Norton ; VI ;  Political Polyphony. Otto Neurath and Politics Reconsidered; Günther Sandner ; Kelsen’s Legal Positivism and the Challenge of Nazi Law; Herlinde Pauer-Studer ; VII ; Biased Coins. A Model for Higherorder Probabilities; Jeanne Peijnenburg AND David Atkinson ; Is Logical Empiricism Compatible with Scientifi c Realism?; Matthias Neuber ; VIII ; Does the Unity of Science have a Future?; Jan Faye ; Is There a European Philosophy Science? A Wake-up call; Gereon Wolters ; General Part.-Report/Documentation ; Vienna Circle Historiographies; Veronika Hofer and Michael Stöltzner ; 18th Vienna Circle Lecture , Husserl and Gödel on Mathematical Objects and our Access to them; Dagfinn Føllesdal, Review Essay ; Logical Empiricism in Historical Perspective. Recent Works on Moritz Schlick; Massimo Ferrari ; Reviews ; After Postmodernism. A Naturalistic Reconstruction of the Humanities, Basingstoke: Palgrave-Macmillan, 2012. (Thomas Uebel) ; Jan Faye ; The Tyranny of Science. Edited by Eric Oberheim. Cambridge: Polity Press 2011. (Daniel B. Kuby); Paul Feyerabend Il valore della verità. Milano: Guerini e Associati, 2011. (Beatrice Collina); Paolo Parrini ; Der Wiener Kreis in Ungarn , Kreis, Bd. 16. Wien: Springer 2011. (Radek Schuster); András Máté, Miklós Rédei and Friedrich Stadler (Eds.) ; Fritz Mauthner. Scepticisme linguistique et modernité. Une biographie intellectuelle. Éditions Bartillat: Paris 2012. Jacques Le Rider, Fritz Mauthner. Le langage. Translation of “Die Sprache” from German and foreword by Jacques Le Rider, Éditions Bartillat: Paris 2012. (Camilla Nielsen); Jacques Le Rider ; Activities of the Institute Vienna Circle ; Index of Names ; Abstracts.
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400770584
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 291 p. 16 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 32
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Friend, Michèle Pluralism in mathematics
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Logic ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Pluralismus ; Mathematik
    Abstract: This book is about philosophy, mathematics and logic, giving a philosophical account of Pluralism which is a family of positions in the philosophy of mathematics. There are four parts to this book, beginning with a look at motivations for Pluralism by way of Realism, Maddy’s Naturalism, Shapiro’s Structuralism and Formalism. In the second part of this book the author covers: the philosophical presentation of Pluralism; using a formal theory of logic metaphorically; rigour and proof for the Pluralist; and mathematical fixtures. In the third part the author goes on to focus on the transcendental presentation of Pluralism, and in part four looks at applications of Pluralism, such as a Pluralist approach to proof in mathematics and how Pluralism works in regard to together-inconsistent philosophies of mathematics. The book finishes with suggestions for further Pluralist enquiry. In this work the author takes a deeply radical approach in developing a new position that will either convert readers, or act as a strong warning to treat the word ‘pluralism’ with care.
    Description / Table of Contents: IntroductionPart I. Motivating the Pluralist Position from Familiar Positions -- Chapter 1. Introduction. The Journey from Realism to Pluralism -- Chapter 2. Motivating Pluralism. Starting from Maddy’s Naturalism -- Chapter 3. From Structuralism to Pluralism -- Chapter 4. Formalism and Pluralism Co-written with Andrea Pedeferri -- Part II. Initial Presentation of Pluralism.- Chapter 5. Philosophical Presentation of Pluralism -- Chapter 6. Using a Formal Theory of Logic Metaphorically -- Chapter 7. Rigour in Proof Co-written with Andrea Pedeferri -- Chapter 8. Mathematical Fixtures -- Part III. Transcendental Presentation of Pluralism -- Chapter 9. The Paradoxes of Tolerance and the Transcendental Paradoxes -- Chapter 10. Pluralism Towards Pluralism -- Part IV. Putting Pluralism to Work. Applications -- Chapter 11. A Pluralist Approach to Proof in Mathematics -- Chapter 12. Pluralism and Together-Inconsistent Philosophies of Mathematics -- Chapter 13. Suggestions for Further Pluralist Enquiry -- Conclusion.
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  • 70
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    ISBN: 9783319013909
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 331 p. 6 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology 69
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. International and Interdisciplinary Conference Phenomenology, Social Sciences, and the Arts (2009 : Konstanz) The interrelation of phenomenology, social sciences and the arts
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Humanities ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Humanities ; Kongress ; Konstanz ; Kunst ; Phänomenologie ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This book features papers written by renowned international scholars that analyze the interdependence of art, phenomenology, and social science. The papers show how the analysis of the production as well as the perception and interpretation of art work needs to take into consideration the subjective viewpoint of the artist in addition to that of the interpreter. Phenomenology allows a description of the subjectively centered life-world of the individual actor-artist or interpreter-and the objective structures of literature, music, and the aesthetic domain in general. The perspective of social science serves to reconstruct the socio-historical structure involved in the creation and reception of the art work. The authors concentrate on this specific theoretical focus which combines both phenomenology and social science and offers an innovative framework for the analysis of works of art from the fields of literature, music, visual arts, photography, and film. Some of the contributions present creative interpretations of a variety of distinct art works in addition to the realization of theoretical reflections on the interdependence of arts, phenomenology, and social science. This book features papers that were presented at the international and interdisciplinary conference Phenomenology, Social Sciences, and the Arts, held at the University of Konstanz, May 2009, in commemoration of philosopher and social scientist Alfred Schutz, the developer of phenomenologically oriented sociology. It will appeal to researchers, scholars, and students in phenomenology, social sciences, art theory, and the arts.
    Description / Table of Contents: IntroductionAesthetics and the Social Sciences -- Irrelevant Spheres and Vacancies of Artworks; Masato Kimura -- Cultural Science in Literary Light; Lester Embree -- Projection, Imagination, and Novelty: Toward a Theory of Creative Action Based in Schutz; Hubert Knoblauch -- Imagination and the Social Sciences; Hisashi Nasu -- Functional Purposelessness: The ‘Practical Meaning’ of Aesthetics; Hans-Georg Soeffner -- Art as a Paradoxical Form of Communication; Ilja Srubar -- When Sociology Meets the Work of Art: Analytical and Frameworks to Study Artistic Production and Reception; Anna Lisa Tota -- Literature -- Crossing the Finite Provinces of Meaning: Experience and Metaphorizing of Literature and Arts; Gerd Sebald -- Sancho Panza and Don Quijote: The Documentary and the Phenomenological Method of Analyzing Art Works; Amalia Barboza -- Literature as Societal Therapy: Appresentation, Epoché, and Beloved; Michael Barber -- The Man without Qualities and the Problem of Multiple Realities-Alfred Schutz and Robert Musil Revisited; Martin Endress -- Entangled into Histories or the Narrative Grounds of Multiple Realities; Annette Hilt -- The Universe that Others Call the Library: Reconstructing the Symbolic Mystifications of the World of Everyday Life; Jochen Dreher -- Music -- The Tuning-in Relationship: from a Social Theory of Music towards a Philosophical Understanding of Intersubjectivity; Carlos Belvedere -- Mutual Tuning-In Relationship and Phenomenological Psychology; Chung-Chi Yu -- Music, Meaning, and Sociality: From the Standpoint of a Social Phenomenologist; Andreas Göttlich -- Artistic Practice, Methodology and Subjectivity: The "I Can" As Practical Possibility and Original Consciousness; Andreas Georg Stascheit -- Musical Foundation of Interaction. Music as Intermediary Medium; Mototaka Mori -- Film and Photography -- Interpreting Film: The Case of Casablanca; George Psathas -- A Phenomenological Inquiry of Rashomon; Ken’ichi Kawano -- The Art of Making Photos: Some Phenomenological Reflections; Thomas S. Eberle.
    Note: Includes indexes
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    ISBN: 9783319017990
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 193 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Argumentation Library 23
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Tahin, Gábor Heuristic strategies in the speeches of Cicero
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Logic ; Linguistics ; Humanities ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Logic ; Linguistics ; Humanities ; Humanities ; Linguistics ; Logic ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Cicero, Marcus Tullius v106-v43 ; Heuristik ; Argumentation ; Rhetorik
    Abstract: This book introduces a new form of argumentative analysis: rhetorical heuremes. The method applies the concepts of heuristic thinking, probability, and contingency in order to develop a better understanding of complex arguments in classical oratory. A new theory is required because Greek and Roman rhetoric cannot provide detailed answers to problems of strategic argumentation in the analysis of speeches. Building on scholarship in Ciceronian oratory, this book moves beyond the extant terminology and employs a concept of heuristic reasoning derived from the psychology of decision making and mathematical problem solving. The author analyses selected passages from Cicero’s forensic speeches where arguments of probability are deployed, and shows that the Sophistic concept of probability can link ancient rhetoric and modern theories of argumentation. Six groups of heuremes are identified, each of which represents a form of probabilistic reasoning by which the orator plays upon the perception of the jurors
    Description / Table of Contents: ForewordAcknowledgement -- Table of Contents -- Preface.- Chapter 1 Introduction: The Problem of Analysis -- Chapter 3 The Origins of Heuristic Argumentation: Probable Arguments in Ancient Rhetoric -- Chapter 4 Cicero’s Models: Heuristic Arguments in the Greek Orators -- Chapter 5 Pro Flacco -- Chapter 6  Pro Sulla.- Chapter 7 Pro Murena.- Chapter 8 Pro Sex. Roscio Amerino -- Chapter 9 Pro Milone -- Chapter 10 Pro Cluentio -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Index.
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    ISBN: 9783319019529
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 249 p. 55 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in the Philosophy of Sociality 3
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Perspectives on culture and agent-based simulations
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Social sciences Data processing ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Social sciences Data processing
    Abstract: This volume analyses, from a computational point of view, how culture may arise, develop and evolve through time. The four sections in this book examine and analyse the modelling of culture, group and organisation culture, culture simulation, and culture-sensitive technology design. Different research disciplines have different perspectives on culture, making it difficult to compare and integrate different concepts and models of culture. By taking a computational perspective this book nevertheless enables the integration of concepts that play a role in culture, even though they might originate from different disciplines. Culture is usually regarded as something vague and qualitative and thus difficult to deal with in a computational and formal setting. Taking a computational approach to culture thus encompasses a twofold risk: taking a too simplistic approach to cultural influence on behaviour; or trying to capture too much, hence not leading to useful computational tools. However, the approaches and insights in this collection show how different perspectives by leading researchers described in thirteen chapters still can form a coherent picture. The book thus illustrates the potential of using computing systems to better understand culture. By describing methods, theories and concrete application results about the integration of cultural aspects into computer systems, this book provides inspiration to researchers of all disciplines alike and presents the start of an interdisciplinary dialogue on culture
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Integrating Cultures: An Introduction; Virginia Dignum and Frank DignumPart 1. Analysis and Modelling of Culture -- Chapter 2. Modelling Culture with Complex, Multi-dimensional, Multi-agent Systems; Alexis Morris, William Ross, Hadi Hosseini and Mihaela Ulieru -- Chapter 3. Cross-validation of Gaming Simulation and Multi-agent Simulation; Gert Jan Hofstede , Catholijn M. Jonker, and Tim Verwaart -- Chapter 4. Modelling Culture through Social Activities; Rubén Fuentes-Fernández, Jorge J. Gómez-Sanz, and Juan Pavón -- Part 2. Group and organisation culture -- Chapter 5. Cultural Integration and Differentiation in Groups and Organisations; Michael Mas, Andreas Flache, and James A. Kitts -- Chapter 6. Modelling and Analysis of Safety Culture of Air Traffic Organizations in the National Culture Context; Alexei Sharpanskykh and Sybert H. Stroeve.-  Chapter 7. Monolingual Biases in Simulations of Cultural Transmission; Sean Roberts -- Part 3. Culture Simulation -- Chapter 8. Towards Agent-Based Models of Cultural Dynamics: A Case of Stereotypes; Jens Pfau, Yoshihisa Kashima and Liz Sonenberg -- Chapter 9. Matching and Mismatching Social Contexts; Bruce Edmonds -- Chapter 10. The Role of Stability in Cultural Evolution: Innovation and Conformity in Implicit Knowledge Discovery; Joanna J. Bryson -- Part 5. Culture-Sensitive Technology Design -- Chapter 11. Socially-Oriented Requirements Engineering - Software Engineering Meets Ethnography; Sonja Pedell, Tim Miller, Frank Vetere, Leon Sterling and Steve Howard -- Chapter 12. Cultural Broker Agents: A Framework for Managing Cultural Misunderstandings; Omar Gonzalez, Jean-Paul Barthes, and Felix Ramos -- Chapter 13. Culture Driven Game Design Method: Adapting serious games to the players’ culture; C.J. Meershoek, R. Kortmann, S.A. Meijer, E. Subrahmanian and A. Verbraeck.
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  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400766150
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 247 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library 72
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Bailey, Alan, 1959 - Hume's critique of religion
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    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Hume, David 1711-1776 ; Religionsphilosophie ; Hume, David 1711-1776 ; Religionsphilosophie
    Abstract: In this volume, authors Alan Bailey and Dan O’Brien examine the full import of David Hume’s arguments and the context of the society in which his work came to fruition. They analyze the nuanced nature of Hume's philosophical discourse and provide an informed look into his position on the possible content and rational justification of religious belief. The authors first detail the pressures and forms of repression that confronted any 18th century thinker wishing to challenge publicly the truth of Christian theism. From there, they offer an overview of Hume's writings on religion, paying particular attention to the inter-relationships between the various works. They show that Hume's writings on religion are best seen as an artfully constructed web of irreligious argument that seeks to push forward a radical outlook, one that only emerges when the attention shifts from the individual sections of the web to its overall structure and context. Even though there is no explicit denial in any of Hume's published writings or private correspondence of the existence of God, the implications of his arguments often seem to point strongly towards atheism. David Hume was one of the leading British critics of Christianity and all forms of religion at a time when public utterances or published writings denying the truth of Christianity were liable to legal prosecution. His philosophical and historical writings offer a sustained and remarkably open critique of religion that is unmatched by any previous author writing in English. Yet, despite Hume’s widespread reputation amongst his contemporaries for extreme irreligion, the subtle and measured manner in which he presents his position means that it remains far from clear how radical his views actually were
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Hume the InfidelChapter 2. Blasphemy, Dissimulation, and Humean Prudence -- Chapter 3. Hume's Writings on Religion -- Chapter 4. Hume on the Intelligibility of Religious Discourse -- Chapter 5. Epistemological Scepticism and Religious Belief -- Chapter 6. That Simple and Sublime Argument -- Chapter 7. The Design Argument and Empirical Evidence of God's Existence -- Chapter 8. The Problem of Evil -- Chapter 9. Miracles -- Chapter 10. The Natural History of Religion -- Chapter 11. Morality -- Chapter 12. History and the Evaluation of Religion -- Chapter 13. Was Hume an Atheist?.
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  • 74
    ISBN: 9788132215875
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 328 p. 14 illus., 8 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of mind ; Psychiatry ; Humanities ; Consciousness ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of mind ; Psychiatry ; Humanities ; Consciousness
    Abstract: This book brings together ancient spiritual wisdom and modern science and philosophy to address age-old questions regarding our existence, free will and the nature of conscious awareness. Stuart Hameroff MD Professor, Anesthesiology and Psychology, and Director, Center for Consciousness Studies The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona This book presents a rich, broad-ranging overview of contemporary research and scholarship into consciousness and the self…. It is … to their credit that the editors have assembled a highly stimulating set of scholars whose expertise cover all the relevant areas. I strongly recommend the book to anyone with an interest in understanding the directions in which contemporary thinking about the nature of consciousness is headed. B. Les Lancaster Emeritus Professor of Transpersonal Psychology Liverpool John Moores University, UK This volume is a collection of 17 essays that contribute to the emerging discipline of consciousness studies with particular focus on the concept of the self. The essays together argue that to understand consciousness is to understand the self that beholds consciousness. Two broad issues are addressed in the volume: the place of the self in the lives of humans and nonhuman primates; and the interrelations between the self and consciousness, which contribute to the understanding of cognitive functions, awareness, free will, nature of reality, and the complex experiential and behavioural attributes of consciousness. The book presents cutting-edge and original work from well-known authors and scholars of philosophy, psychiatry, behavioural sciences and physics. This is a pioneering attempt to present to the reader multiple ways of conceptualizing and thus understanding the relation between consciousness and self in a nuanced manner
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: IntroductionPart I: Consciousness, Agency and the Self -- Chapter 2: Conscious Agency and the Preconscious/Unconscious Self -- Chapter 3: Finding the Self and Losing the Ego in the State of Pure Consciousness -- Chapter 4: Converging on the Self: Western Philosophy, Eastern Meditation, Scientific Research -- Chapter 5: The Self as Organiser -- Chapter 6: Reconceptualizing the Separative Self. Chapter 7: Consciousness, Memory and Dreams in Kashyapa Samhita. Chapter 8: Experientially Acquired Knowledge of the Self in a Nonhuman Primate -- Chapter 9: Executive Functions as a Path to Understanding Nonhuman Con-sciousness: Looking under the Light -- Chapter 10: Self, Identity and Culture -- Part II: Self and First-person Phenomenology -- Chapter 11: Consciousness and First Person Phenomenology:  First steps towards an Experiential Phenomenological Writing and Reading (EWR) -- Chapter 12: Self and Neurophenomenology: Gift and Responsibility -- Chapter 13: The Inside-Outside Story of Consciousness: A Phenomenological Exploration -- Chapter 14: Self and Empathy -- Chapter 15: Adapted Self in the Context of Disability: An Ecological, Embodied Perspective -- Chapter 16: Self and Transformative Experiences:  Three Indian Philosophers on Consciousness -- Part III: Boundaries of the Self and Origins of Consciousness -- Chapter 17: Soul, Neurons, Particles, or Mind-at-Large? Exploring the Boundaries of the Self -- Chapter 18: Is the Source of Awareness Present in the Quantum Vacuum? -- Chapter 19: Cosmological Considerations Relevant to the Origin of Consciousness -- Chapter 20: Reality and Consciousness:  Is Quantum Biology the Future of Life Sciences? -- Chapter 21: Human Brain is a Coherent State of the Mind -- Chapter 22: Consciousness, Functional Geometry and Internal Representation -- Chapter 23: Consciousness, Libertarian Free Will and Quantum Randomness.
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  • 75
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400777590
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 433 p. 16 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Outstanding Contributions to Logic 3
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. David Makinson on classical methods for non-classical problems
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Computer science ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Computer science ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical
    Abstract: The volume analyses and develops David Makinson’s efforts to make classical logic useful outside its most obvious application areas. The book contains chapters that analyse, appraise, or reshape Makinson’s work and chapters that develop themes emerging from his contributions. These are grouped into major areas to which Makinsons has made highly influential contributions and the volume in its entirety is divided into four sections, each devoted to a particular area of logic: belief change, uncertain reasoning, normative systems, and the resources of classical logic. Among the contributions included in the volume, one chapter focuses on the “inferential preferential method”, i.e. the combined use of classical logic and mechanisms of preference and choice and provides examples from Makinson’s work in non-monotonic and defeasible reasoning and belief revision. One chapter offers a short autobiography by Makinson which details his discovery of modern logic, his travels across continents and reveals his intellectual encounters and inspirations. The chapter also contains an unsually explicit statement on his views on the (limited but important) role of logic in philosophy
    Description / Table of Contents: PrefaceContributors -- Introductory -- Chapter 1. Sven Ove Hansson: Preview -- Chapter 2. Sven Ove Hansson and Peter Gärdenfors: David Makinson and the extension of classical logic -- Chapter 3. David Makinson: A tale of five cities -- I. Logic of Belief Change -- Chapter 4. Hans Rott and Sven Ove Hansson: Safe contraction revisited -- Chapter 5. Pavlos Peppas: A panorama of iterated revision -- Chapter 6. Wolfgang Spohn: AGM, ranking theory and the many ways to cope with examples -- Chapter 7. Edwin Mares: Liars, lotteries and prefaces: two paraconsistent theories of belief revision -- Chapter 8. Rohit Parikh: Epistemic reasoning in life and literature -- II. Uncertain Reasoning -- Chapter 9. James Hawthorne: New Horn rules for probabilistic consequence: Is O+ enough? -- Chapter 10. Karl Schlechta: Non-monotonic logic: preferential vs. algebraic semantics -- Chapter 11. Hykel Hosni: Towards a Bayesian theory of second-order uncertainty: lessons from non-standard logics -- III. Normative Systems -- Chapter 12. Audun Stolpe: Abstract interfaces of input/output logic -- Chapter 13. Xavier Parent, Dov Gabbay and Leendert van der Torre: Intuitionistic basis for input/output logic -- Chapter 14. Jörg Hansen: Reasoning about permission and obligation -- Chapter 15. John Horty: Norm change in the common law -- IV. Classical Resources -- Chapter 16. David Makinson: Intelim rules for classical connectives -- Chapter 17. David Makinson: Relevance logic as a conservative extension of classical logic -- V. Responses -- Chapter 18. David Makinson: Reflections on contributions -- Bibliographical -- David Makinson’s publications -- Index.
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  • 76
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    ISBN: 9783319032542
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 199 p. 3 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Thinking about higher education
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Education Philosophy ; Education, Higher ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Education Philosophy ; Education, Higher ; Philosophy (General) ; Education Philosophy ; Education, Higher ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Höheres Bildungswesen
    Abstract: With higher education around the world in a period of extreme flux, this volume explores its underlying philosophy, a core element of the ongoing debate. Offering a diverse range of perspectives from an international selection of renowned scholars of higher education, the book is full of imaginative insights that add up to a substantive contribution to the discussion. As universities attempt to adapt to a new environment characterized by stiff international competition, networked remote learning, burgeoning student numbers, and comparative performance assessment, how we conceptualize the purpose and ethos of our higher learning institutions is more important than ever. This publication features a multitude of distinctive approaches that illuminate potential solutions to the complex issues universities must grapple with in these uncertain times. Rather than espousing a singular philosophical approach, the editors have assembled views from across the spectrum and from differing national contexts, representing a multidisciplinary response to the situation. This collection of papers aims thus to inspire fresh developments in the way we think about the complexities of, and options available to, higher education
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction, Paul Gibbs and Ron BarnettSection one - Positive Imagination -- 2. Thinking about higher education, Ron Barnett -- 3. Higher Education and Ethical Imagination, Marianna Papastephanou -- 4. Happiness not Salaries: The decline of universities and the emergence of higher education, Paul Gibbs -- Section Two - Finding the Public Good -- 5. Higher education and public good, Simon Marginson -- 6. Forces in Tension: The State, Civil Society and Market in the Future of the University, Brian Pusser -- 7. Beyond Neo-Liberalism: Higher Education in Europe and the Global Public Good, Barbara M. Kehm -- 8. Exploring futures for community engagement: uncertainty, difference, and responsibility, Tara Fenwick -- Section Three - Which knowledge and who can have it -- 9. Babies and bathwater: revaluing the role of the academy in knowledge, Leesa Wheelahan -- 10. Curriculum in Higher Education: Beyond false choices, Suellen Shay -- 11. Finding a Voice as a Student, Denise Bachelor -- 12. Into the heart of things Defrosting educational theory, Soren S.E. Bengtsen -- 13. Coda: Reaching for Higher Education.
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  • 77
    ISBN: 9783319020396
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 358 p. 26 illus., 24 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 117
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Phenomenology of space and time
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Konferenzschrift 2012 ; Zeit ; Raum ; Phänomenologie
    Abstract: This work celebrates the investigative power of phenomenology to explore the phenomenological sense of space and time in conjunction with the phenomenology of intentionality, the invisible, the sacred, and the mystical. It examines the course of life through its ontopoietic genesis, opening the cosmic sphere to logos. The work also explores, on the one hand, the intellectual drive to locate our cosmic position in the universe and, on the other, the pull toward the infinite. It intertwines science and its grounding principles with imagination in order to make sense of the infinite. This book is the second of a two-part work that contains papers presented at the 62nd International Congress of Phenomenology, The Forces of the Cosmos and the Ontopoietic Genesis of Life, held in Paris, France, August 2012. It features the work of scholars in such diverse disciplines as biology, anthropology, pedagogy, and psychology who philosophically investigate the cosmic origins of beingness. Coverage in this second part includes: Communicative Virtues of A-T. Tymieniecka’s Phenomenology of Life, Intentionality of Time and Quantum - Phenomenological Sense of Space, Consciousness of the Cosmos: A Thought Experiment Through Philosophy and Science Fiction, The Cosmos and Bodily Life on Earth Elucidated within the Historicity of Human Existence, Novel as Path - Mamardashvili's Lectures on Proust, and Comments on Max Scheler's Thought and Philosophical Counseling
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgment; Contents; Part I; Communicative Virtues of A-T. Tymieniecka's Phenomenology of Life; Beyond Ontological Incommmunicability; To Resume Ontological Communication; Communicative Virtues of the Phenomenology of Life; New Communicative Connections Among Consciousness, Body and Life; A New Solidarity Between Logos and Life; References; Towards a Phenomenology of Life and the Invisible: Generativity and Sonship in the Thought of Michel Henry; Intentionnalité, Telos, Transcendentalité en tant que Forces Ontopoiétiques du Cosmos; Ontopoiesis et détournement métaphysique
    Description / Table of Contents: Critique des sciences et finalité anthropologiqueCritique et volonté de puissance; Un renversement paradoxal; L'humain en déséquilibre; Être et devenir : l'ontopoiesis au-delà de l'ontopoiesis; Pythagoras in the Sacred Cosmos of Chartres Cathedral; Phenomenological Approach; Historical Background; Reaching for God; The Incarnation Portal of Chartres Cathedral; Protohumanism; The Cosmos; Pythagoras; The Ontopoiesis of Scholarship; Part II; Le chaos du monde sensible et la quête du sens rudimentaire (à partir de Plotin); Intentionality of Time and Quantum - Phenomenological Sense of Space
    Description / Table of Contents: Part OnePart Two; References; Duality and the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics; (1); (2); (3); (4); References; Part III; Ontopoietic Process of Life in Kierkegaard's Books: Zoe and Bios; The World-of-Life: The Vegetal Life and the Animal Life (ζωη) Outside of the System; The Process of Life: From Zoe to Bios; The Bios of Life or Praxis of a Singular Life; Edıfıces; The Relations Between an Entity and Its Manifestations; The Cave, the Lifeworld and the Tradition: The Transcendence-Immanence Contrast Perspective; The Transcendence-Immanence Contrast Perspective
    Description / Table of Contents: The Sun to be Dragged into the Cave: Phenomenological Interpretation of Plato's Narrative of the CaveConclusion; Wahdat Al-Wujud and Logos of Life: The Philosophical Comparison; Introduction; Wahdat al-wujud as the Expression of Existence; Logos of Life: As the Force of Creativity; "Homeland" and "the Passion of the Earth"; The Perfect Grain of the Matrix Man; The Development Trajectory of "Ego"; Conclusion; Consciousness of the Cosmos: A Thought Experiment Through Philosophy and Science Fiction; What Do We Know About the External World? Descartes and Plato in the Matrix
    Description / Table of Contents: The Brain-in-Vat: The Age of Death EndedPart IV; The Open Void - Embodiment and Experience - In Film/Video/ Numeric-Computer Art and Immersive Environments; Immortal Beloved: Cartesian Renderings- the Mind/Body and the Apparatus in the Face of Immortality; The Status and the Function; The Status of Truth; Thought and Its Processes of Investigation; The Mechanical Apparatus and Its Relationship to the Variable "truth"; The Film and the Photograph; The Computer; Consciousness and Its Methods of Representation - Intuitive Knowledge and the Symbology of Thought
    Description / Table of Contents: Filmmakers and Artists-Creative Interpretations
    Description / Table of Contents: PART IChapter 1: Communicative Virtues of A-T. Tymieniecka’s Phenomenology of Life; Daniela Verducci -- Chapter 2: Towards a Phenomenology of Life and Invisible: Generativity and Sonship in the Thought of Michel Henry; Giovanna Costanzo -- Chapter 3: Intentionalité, Telos, Transcendentalité en tant que forces Ontopoiétiques du Cosmos; Francesco Totaro -- Chapter 4 : Pythagoras in the Sacred Cosmos of Chartres Cathedral; Patricia Trutty-Coohill -- PART II -- Chapter 5: Le chaos du monde sensible et la quête du sens rudimentaire (à partir de Plotin); Robert Karul -- Chapter 6 : Intentionality of Time and Quantum - Phenomenological Sense of Space; Mamuka G. Dolidze -- Chapter 7: Duality and the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics; Tsung-I Dow -- PART III -- Chapter 8: Ontopoietic Process of Life in Kierkegaard's Books: Zoe and Bios; Elodie Gontier -- Chapter 9: Edifices; Semiha Akinci -- Chapter 10: The Cave, the Lifeworld and the Tradition: The Transcendence-Immanence Contrast Perspective; Abdul Rahim Afaki -- Chapter 11: Wahdat al-Wujud and Logos of Life: The Philosophical Comparison; Konul Bunyadzade -- Chapter 12: Consciousness of the Cosmos: A Thought Experiment Through Philosophy and Science Fiction; Sibel Oktar.- PART IV -- Chapter 13: The Open Void - Embodiment & Experience - In Film/Video/Numeric-Computer Art & Immersive Environments; Marguerite Harris -- Chapter 14: Ontopoiesis of Eidolon and Transcendental Schematism in Cassirer and the Concept of Ontology in Meinong and Quine; Giuseppina Sgueglia -- Chapter 15: Dia- Log(os): Genesis of Communicological Virtues in the Phenomenology of Life, with the reference to the Advaita Vedānta of ādi Śaṅkara; Olga Louchakova-Schwartz -- Chapter 16: The Cosmos and Bodily Life on Earth Elucidated within the Historicity of Human Existence; Konrad Rokstad -- Chapter 17: Evolution of Matter and Spirit, Rediscovering Slowacki’s Mysticism and Teilhard de Chardin's Theology; Piotr Popiolek -- PART V -- Chapter 18: Novel as Path - Mamardashvili's Lectures on Proust; Mara Stafecka -- Chapter 19: Artist's Personal Cosmogony, Andre Gide and Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz's Concept of Cosmos, Genesis of Life and Origin of Art; Daria Gosek -- Chapter 20: Phenomenological Elucidation of Any Self Demonstrative Form of Expression; Erkut Sezgin -- PART VI -- Chapter 21: Comments on Max Scheler's Thought and Philosophical Counseling; Lucrezia Piraino -- Chapter 22 : Hyper Klein Bottle Logophysics Ontopoiesis of the Cosmos and Life; Diego Rapoport.  .
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    ISBN: 9783319046600
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 482 p. 7 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Agazzi, Evandro, 1934 - Scientific objectivity and its contexts
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Objektivität ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie
    Abstract: The first part of this book is of an epistemological nature and develops an original theory of scientific objectivity, understood in a weak sense (as intersubjective agreement among the specialists) and a strong sense (as having precise concrete referents). In both cases it relies upon the adoption of operational criteria designed within the particular perspective under which any single science considers reality. The “object” so attained has a proper ontological status, dependent on the specific character of the criteria of reference (regional ontologies). This justifies a form of scientific realism. Such perspectives are also the result of a complex cultural-historical situation. The awareness of such a “historical determinacy” of science justifies including in the philosophy of science the problems of ethics of science, relations of science with metaphysics, and social dimensions of science that overstep the traditional restriction of the philosophy of science to an epistemology of science. It is to this “context” that the second part of the book is devoted
    Description / Table of Contents: Historical and Philosophical BackgroundThe Characterisation of Objectivity -- First Corollaries in the Philosophy of Science -- The Ontological Commitment of Science -- Scientific Realism -- The Contexts of Objectivity -- Corollaries in the Philosophy of Science -- Scientific Truth Revisited -- The Context of Making Science -- Science and Metaphysics -- Appendix -- References -- Indexes.
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9783319041353
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 211 p. 3 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Law, Governance and Technology Series 14
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. The Ethics of information warfare
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Computer science ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Computer science ; Computer science ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Technology / Philosophy ; Ethik ; Information warfare ; Gerechter Krieg
    Abstract: This book offers an overview of the ethical problems posed by Information Warfare, and of the different approaches and methods used to solve them, in order to provide the reader with a better grasp of the ethical conundrums posed by this new form of warfare. The volume is divided into three parts, each comprising four chapters. The first part focuses on issues pertaining to the concept of Information Warfare and the clarifications that need to be made in order to address its ethical implications. The second part collects contributions focusing on Just War Theory and its application to the case of Information Warfare. The third part adopts alternative approaches to Just War Theory for analysing the ethical implications of this phenomenon. Finally, an afterword by Neelie Kroes - Vice President of the European Commission and European Digital Agenda Commissioner - concludes the volume. Her contribution describes the interests and commitments of the European Digital Agenda with respect to research for the development and deployment of robots in various circumstances, including warfare
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface: M. Taddeo and L. FloridiPart  I -- 1 Fog in the Fifth Dimension: The Ethics of Cyber-war; Brian Orend -- 2 The Future Impact of a Long Period of Limited Cyber warfare on the Ethics of Warfare; Randall R. Dipert -- 3 Is Warfare the Right Frame for the Cyber Debate?; Patrick Lin, Fritz Allhoff, and Keith Abney -- 4 Technology, Information, and Modern Warfare: Challenges and Prospects in the 21st Century; Wayne McCormack and Deen Chatterjee -- Part II -- 5 Permissible Preventive Cyberwar:  Restricting Cyber Conflict to Justified Military Targets; George R. Lucas, Jr -- 6 Moral Cyber Weapons; Dorothy E. Denning and Bradley J. Strawser -- 7 The Ethics of Cyberattack; Steven P. Lee -- 8 Information Warfare and Just War Theory; M. Taddeo -- Part III -- 9 The Wrong in Cyberattacks; T. Simpson -- 10 Virtue in Cyber conflict; Don Howard -- 11 Armed Robots and Military Virtue; Shannon Vallor -- 12 Deception and Virtue in Robotic and Cyber Warfare; John P. Sullins -- Afterword - Robots and Warfare: Challenges and European Responses; Neelie Kroes.
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9783319046334
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 167 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics 14
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Räikkä, Juha Social justice in practice
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Soziale Gerechtigkeit ; Sozialphilosophie
    Abstract: In this book the practical dimension of social justice is explained using the analysis and discussion of a variety of well-known topics. These include: the relation between theory and practice in normative political philosophy; the issue of justice under uncertainty; the question of whether we can and should unmask social injustices by means of conspiracy theories; the issues of privacy and the right to privacy; the issue of how certain psychological states may affect our moral obligations, in particular the obligation to treat others fairly; and finally the concepts of morality, fairness, and self-deception. The primary goal of the book is to provide readers with an updated discussion of some important and practical social justice issues. These issues are presented from a new perspective, based on the author´s research. It is hoped that bringing these topics together in a single book will promote the emergence of new insights and challenges for future research. Juha Räikkä is a professor at the Department of Philosophy at the University of Turku, Finland. His research focuses on ethics and political philosophy
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  • 81
    ISBN: 9783319030449
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 372 p. 45 illus., 1 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning, Interdisciplinary Perspectives from the Humanities and Social Sciences 3
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Interdisciplinary works in logic, epistemology, psychology and linguistics
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Semantics ; Psychometrics ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Logik ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Kommunikation ; Pathologie
    Abstract: This book presents comparisons of recent accounts in the formalization of natural language (dynamic logics and formal semantics) with informal conceptions of interaction (dialogue, natural logic, and attribution of rationality) that have been developed in both psychology and epistemology. There are four parts which explore: historical and systematic studies; the formalization of context in epistemology; the formalization of reasoning in interactive contexts in psychology; the formalization of pathological conversations. Part one discusses the Erlangen School, which proposed a logical analysis of science as well as an operational reconstruction of psychological concepts. These first chapters provide epistemological and psychological insights into a conceptual reassessment of rational reconstruction from a pragmatic point of view. The second focus is on formal epistemology, where there has recently been a vigorous contribution from experts in epistemic and doxatic logics and an attempt to account for a more realistic, cognitively plausible conception of knowledge. The third part of this book examines the meeting point between logic and the human and social sciences and the fourth part focuses on research at the intersection between linguistics and psychology. Internationally renowned scholars have contributed to this volume, building on the findings and themes relevant to an interdisciplinary scientific project called DiaRaFor (“Dialogue, Rationality, Formalisms”) which was hosted by the MSH Lorraine (Lorraine Institute for Social Sciences and Humanities) from 2007 to 2011
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  • 82
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Singapore : Springer Singapore
    ISBN: 9789814585842
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 137 p. 20 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy
    Abstract: This book focuses on the connection between action and verbal communication, exploring topics such as the mechanisms of language processing, action processing, voluntary and involuntary actions, knowledge of language and assertion. Communication modelling and aspects of communicative actions are considered, along with cognitive requirements for nonverbal and verbal communicative action.Contributions from expert authors are organised into three parts in this book, focussing on language in communication, action and bodily awareness and sensorimotor interaction and language acquisition.Readers will discover various methods that have been employed in investigations presented here, including neurological experiment, computational modeling and logical and philosophical analysis.These diverse expert perspectives shed light on the extent to which a mechanism for processing actions also facilitates the processing of language and the authors work prompts further interdisciplinary investigation of the relationship between language and action.This book is written for readers from different academic backgrounds; from graduate students to established academics in disciplines ranging from neuroscience to psychology, philosophy, linguistics and beyond.Earlier versions of the selected essays in this book were presented at the 2013 IEAS Conference on Language and Action, held in Taipei, Taiwan.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Contents; Contributors; Part I; Language in Communication; Names, Descriptions, and Assertion; 1 Introducing Millian Descriptivism; 2 Assertion, Expression, and Descriptive Enrichments; 3 A Test Case; 4 The Case Against Millian Descriptivism; 5 Descriptive Enrichment and the Pragmatics of Proper Names; References; Indefinites in Action; 1 Introduction; 2 A Pragmatic Account; 3 Weighing Between Semantics and Pragmatics; 3.1 Is There Anything Wrong with the Semantic Approach?; 3.2 What Is Not Right About the Pragmatic Approach?; 4 Concluding Remarks; References
    Description / Table of Contents: A Defense of the Knowledge Account of Assertion: From a Model-Theoretic Perspective1 Assertion and Norms of Assertion; 2 Epistemic Norms of Assertion: From a Model-Theoretic Perspective; 3 TW-Models for a Logic of Knowledge and Belief ; 4 TWA-Models for Knowledge Account of Assertion; References; Part II; Action and Bodily Awareness; When Actions Feel Alien-an Explanatory Model; 1 Introduction; 2 Problems of Belonging; 3 An Explanatory Model of Belonging; 4 Alien Actions and the Explanatory Model of Belonging; 5 Conclusion; References; Self-Consciousness and Its Linguistic Expression
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Introduction2 A Simple View; 3 Objects of Knowledge and Objects of Intention; 4 Problems for the Knowledge View; 5 Linguistic Expression; References; Personal and Subpersonal: Overcoming Explanatory Apartheid; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Personal and Sub-personal Distinguished; 2 Arguments in Favor of Explanatory Apartheid; 2.1 McDowell Versus (Later) Dennett on Perceptual Phenomenology; 2.2 Hornsby Versus Kim on Action and Mental Causation; 3 Reflecting on the Arguments for Explanatory Apartheid; 4 A False Dilemma: Isolationism or Eliminativism
    Description / Table of Contents: 5 Conclusion: Looking ForwardReferences ; Part III; Sensorimotor Interaction and Language Acquisition; 1 Tomasello's Account of Word Learning and Pragmatic Development; How Infants Learn Word Meanings and Propositional Attitudes: A Neural Network Model; 2 Neural Representations of Communicative Actions; 3 A Neural Network Model of the Role of Communicative Action Concepts in Word Learning; 3.1 Input Data; 3.2 Network Architecture; 3.2.1 Experience Mode and Verbal Mode Networks; 3.2.2 The Mode-Control Network; 3.3 Learning in the Verbal-Mode and Mode-Control Networks
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.4 Behavior of the Network After Learning4 Representations of Communicative Actions in the Model; 5 Discussion; 5.1 Communicative Action Representations as Instances of Semantic Representations; 5.2 Towards a General Model of Propositional Attitude Representations; References; What Action Comprehension Tells Us About Meaning Interpretation; 1 Introduction: Defining the Questions; 2 The Relationship Between Action and Speech; 3 The Mechanism of Means-End Mapping; 4 The Mechanism for Symbol-Referent Mapping; 5 Empirical Supports; References; 6 Conclusions
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9783319020150
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 508 p. 11 illus., 3 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 116
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Phenomenology of space and time
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of nature ; Humanities ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy of nature ; Humanities ; Konferenzschrift 2012 ; Zeit ; Raum ; Phänomenologie
    Abstract: This book celebrates the investigative power of phenomenology to explore the phenomenological sense of space and time in conjunction with the phenomenology of intentionality, the invisible, the sacred, and the mystical. It examines the course of life through its ontopoietic genesis, opening the cosmic sphere to logos. The work also explores, on the one hand, the intellectual drive to locate our cosmic position in the universe and, on the other, the pull toward the infinite. It intertwines science and its grounding principles with imagination in order to make sense of the infinite. This work is the first of a two-part work that contains papers presented at the 62nd International Congress of Phenomenology, The Forces of the Cosmos and the Ontopoietic Genesis of Life, held in Paris, France, August 2012. It features the work of scholars in such diverse disciplines as biology, anthropology, pedagogy, and psychology who philosophically investigate the cosmic origins of beingness. Coverage in this first part includes: Toward a New Enlightenment: Metaphysics as Philosophy of Life, Transformation in Phenomenology: Husserl and Tymieniecka, Biologically Organized Quantum Vacuum and the Cosmic Origin of Cellular Life, Plotinus "Enneads" and Self-Creation, The Creative Potential of Humor, Transcendental Morphology - A Phenomenological Interpretation of Human and Non-Human Cosmos, and Cognition and Emotion: From Dichotomy to Ambiguity.
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgements; Contents; Part I; Toward a New Enlightenment: Metaphysics as Philosophy of Life; "The Human Being and Its "Livingness"; Life and the Human; Anguish and Dehumanisation; Natural "Livingness" and Unnatural Madness; The Proposal of a New Enlightenment; Metaphysics as the Philosophy of Life; The Transcendental as the Critical and Poietic Tool of the Human Being; Moral Excellence as Cosmicization of Human Beingness in the Ontopoietic Perspective; References
    Description / Table of Contents: The Inseparable Link Between "Cosmology" and the "World of Life" in the Philosophy of Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka: The Originality of a New Perspective on the "Real Individual and Autonomous Being" and a Comparison with the "Phenomenological Realism" of HedwIt All Starts with Tymieniecka's "Novel Intuition"; The Connection Between "Cosmology" and "World of Life" in A.-T. Tymieniecka; A.-T. Tymieniecka and "The Third Phase of Phenomenology": Eco-Phenomenology; The "Meta-Phenomenological Realism" of Hedwig Conrad-Martius; Some Conclusions from Which to Initiate Further Research
    Description / Table of Contents: The Forces of the Cosmos Before Genesis and Before Life: Some Remarks on Eugen Fink's Philosophy of the WorldFink's Meontic Phenomenology: World and Absolute Constitution; "The Forces of the Cosmos" in Fink's Post-War Ontology; Cosmology and Genesis: Some Critical Remarks; Part II; Ontopoiesis in Ben Okri's Poetic Oeuvre and  A Time for New Dreams (2011); Towards an Understanding of the Symbiosis Between Poetry and Ontopoiesis in Ben Okri's Aesthetics and Poetry; An African Elegy; Mental Fight; Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Cosmic Order and Exoneration of the Beautiful: Visions of the Problem in Contemporary PhilosophyThe Law of Opposites in the Ontopoiesis of Life and in Language; References; The Forces of Darkness and the Forces of Goodness: Jerzy Nowosielski's Concept; Who Was Jerzy Nowosielski?; Part III; Anthropological Regression in the Modern World Versus Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka's Metaphysics of Ontopoiesis of Life; 1; 2; 3; 4; Biologically Organized Quantum Vacuum and the Cosmic Origin of Cellular Life; Introduction; Biological Teleology; A Set of Fundamental Biological Facts and Problems
    Description / Table of Contents: The Origin of Life in a New LightBiological Meaning Is Assigned to Biochemical Structures; Fundamental Role of Life in the Universe; Biology Is More Fundamental Than Physics; From Acausality to Free Will: A Natural Shift; How Is Biological Meaning Attached?; Willpower Beyond the Quantum Vacuum; Subjective Tools Capable to Act on Matter; Higher Dimensions and Subjective World; Transforming Autonomous Decisions to Biological and Physical Forces; Interaction Between Our Self and the Cosmic Life Form; References; The Cosmos of Yolanthe: Knowing Without Seeing
    Description / Table of Contents: Yolanthe's Cosmos: Knowing Without Seeing
    Description / Table of Contents:  PART IChapter 1: Toward a New Enlightenment: Metaphysics as Philosophy of Life; Nicoletta Ghigi (translated by Antonio Calcagno) -- Chapter 2: Moral Excellence as Cosmicization of Human Beingness in the Ontopoietic Perspective; Carmen Cozma -- Chapter 3: The Inseparable Link between "Cosmology" and "Life World" in Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka's Philosophy: The Originality of a New Perspective of the "Real Individual and Autonomous Being", A Possible Comparison with Hedwig Conrad-Martius' "Phenomenological Realism"; Francesco Alfieri -- Chapter 4: The Forces of the Cosmos before Genesis and Before Life.  Some Remarks on Eugen Fink's Philosophy of the World; Simona Bertolini -- PART II -- Chapter 5: Ontopoiesis in Ben Okri's Poetic Oeuvre and A Time for New Dreams (2011); Rosemary Gray -- Chapter 6: Cosmic Order and Exoneration of the Beautiful: Visions of the Problem in Contemporary Philosophy; Ella Buceniece -- Chapter 7: The Law of Opposites in the Ontopoiesis of Life and in Language; Zaiga Ikere -- Chapter 8: The Forces of Darkness and the Forces of Goodness: Jerzy Nowosielski's Concept; Katarzyna Stark -- Chapter 9: Transformation in Phenomenology: Husserl and Tymieniecka; Anar Jafarov -- PART III -- Chapter 10: Anthropological Regression in the Modern World vs. Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka's Metaphysics of Ontopoiesis of Life; Jan Szmyd -- Chapter 11: Biologically Organized Quantum Vacuum and the Cosmic Origin of Cellular Life; Attila Grandpierre -- Chapter 12: The Cosmos of Yolanthe - Knowing Without Seeing; Detlev Quintern -- Chapter 13: Philosophical Hermeneutics Confronted by that which is Different; Aleksandra Pawliszyn -- Chapter 14: Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka’s and Max Scheler's Phenomenology as the Ontopoietic Genesis of a Manager’s Life; Bronislaw Bombala -- PART IV -- Chapter 15: Comparative Phenomenology of Singing and Dance as Involving Artistic "Instruments" Incorporated into the Body of their Performer; Alessia Rita Vitale -- Chapter 16: Phenomenology and Archeology: Methodological Insights and Thematic Inspirations; Jaroslava Vydrova -- Chapter 17: Plotinus "Enneads" and Self-Creation; Ineta Kivle -- Chapter 18: Directing Anatoly Vasilyev, from Individual Creative Manner to the Method; Valery Kolenova -- PART V -- Chapter 19: Teleology in Nature and Life-Transforming Art; Vladimir L. Marchenkov -- Chapter 20: The Creative Potential of Humor; Anna Malecka -- Chapter 21: Educational Paradigm Shift Towards Phenomenological Pedagogy; Kiymet Selvi -- Chapter 22: Human Soul, Body and Life Horizons; Maija Kule -- PART VI.-  Chapter 23: The Unity of Eastern and Western Thought Traditions in A-T. Tymieniecka's Phenomenology of Life; Salahaddin Khalilov -- Chapter 24: Transcendental Morphology - A Phenomenological Interpretation of Human and Non-Human Cosmos; Bence Peter Marosan -- Chapter 25: The Outside's Inside: The Phenomenology of the External World in Hedwig Conrad-Martius’ Thought; Ronny Miron -- Chapter 26: Kant and Starry Heavens or the Splendor and Misery of Speculative Rationalism; Rihards Kulis -- PART VII -- Chapter 27: How to Approach Heideggerian Gods; Jani Vanhala -- Chapter 28 : Meaning in the Forthcoming Sciences of Life:  From Nietzsche and Husserl to Embodiment and Biosemiotics; Ammar Zeifa -- Chapter 29: Motion in Crisis: Why the Analytic Principles of Thought Destroy Motion and Life in the Cosmos; Ion Soteropoulous -- Chapter 30: “Heraclitus/Nietzsche/Heidegger in Πόλεμς” - “τὰ δὲ Πάντα οἰακίζει Κεραυνός”- Heraclitus; Kiyimo Murata-Soraci -- Chapter 31: Lebenswelt and Operational Methodology in the Philosophical and the Epistemological Reflections of Hugo Dingler; Dario Sacchi -- Chapter 32: The Permanent Creativity of the Self; Stefano Polenta -- PART VIII -- Chapter 33: Cognition and Emotion: From Dichotomy to Ambiguity; Claus Halberg and Simen Oyen -- Chapter 34 : The Meeting of Man with Man; Leszek Pyra -- Chapter 35: Humour, an Enlightening and Restorative Force of the Inner Cosmos: A Phenomenological Approach; Tereza-Brindusa Palade.  .
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  • 84
    ISBN: 9789400771314
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (222 pages) , illustrations.
    Series Statement: Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning, Interdisciplinary Perspectives from the Humanities and Social Sciences 2
    DDC: 149.94
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Political science ; Philosophy ; Electronic books
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index. Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed January 2, 2014)
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : Éditions de la Sorbonne
    ISBN: 9791035107475 , 9782859447908
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (396 p.)
    Series Statement: La philosophie à l'œuvre
    Keywords: Philosophy
    Abstract: Jeremy Bentham entend dépasser les théories du contrat social et développer une philosophie politique fondée exclusivement sur le principe d'utilité. Il considère en effet que le contrat social est une fiction et que « la saison de la fiction est désormais terminée ». Pourtant, le détour par la fiction est nécessaire pour introduire l'unité dans la multitude et instituer un peuple. Bentham affirme que les individus qui composent la multitude atteignent leur plus grande unité lorsqu'ils s'assemblent en un « tribunal de l'opinion publique ». Et, même si ses effets sont réels, ce tribunal est bel et bien une « entité fictive ». L'attitude de Bentham à l'égard des fictions est donc ambiguë. Elle nécessite de les définir rigoureusement et de déterminer leurs conditions de recevabilité. De ce point de vue, l'utilitarisme benthamien se réalise comme théorie des fictions. Il s'agit d'opposer au contrat social des fictions fondées sur le réel et qui permettent de l'organiser, en vue de promouvoir la fin fixée par le principe d'utilité : le plus grand bonheur du plus grand nombre
    Note: French
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    ISBN: 9783319050560
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 234 p) , online resource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Springer Praxis Books
    Parallel Title: Print version Religions and Extraterrestrial Life : How Will We Deal With It
    DDC: 200
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy ; Astrophysics ; Astrobiology ; Astronomy ; Religion (General)
    Abstract: In the twenty-first century, the debate about life on other worlds is quickly changing from the realm of speculation to the domain of hard science. Within a few years, as a consequence of the rapid discovery by astronomers of planets around other stars, astronomers very likely will have discovered clear evidence of life beyond the Earth. Such a discovery of extraterrestrial life will change everything. Knowing the answer as to whether humanity has company in the universe will trigger one of the greatest intellectual revolutions in history, not the least of which will be a challenge for at least some terrestrial religions. Which religions will handle the discovery of extraterrestrial life with ease and which will struggle to assimilate this new knowledge about our place in the universe? Some religions as currently practiced appear to only be viable on Earth. Other religions could be practiced on distant worlds but nevertheless identify both Earth as a place and humankind as a species of singular spiritual religious importance, while some religions could be practiced equally well anywhere in the universe by any sentient beings. Weintraub guides readers on an invigorating tour of the world’s most widely practiced religions. It reveals what, if anything, each religion has to say about the possibility that extraterrestrial life exists and how, or if, a particular religion would work on other planets in distant parts of the universe
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I: Discovering Extrasolar PlanetsOnce Upon a Time -- Pluralism Through Western History -- The Discovery of the Century -- Detecting Exoplanets -- Are Angels Extraterrestrials? -- Part II: Major Religions of the World and Extraterrestrial Life -- Judaism -- Setting the Stage for Modern Christianity -- Roman Catholicism -- Orthodox Christianity -- The Church of England and the Anglican Communion -- Mainline Protestant Christianity -- Evangelical and Fundamentalist Christianity -- From Christian Roots -- Mormonism -- Islam -- Hinduism -- Buddhism -- Jainism -- Sikhism -- Bahá’í Faith -- Are We Ready? -- Appendix: The Exoplanets Revealed by the Kepler Mission Through 2013.
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  • 87
    ISBN: 9783839428894 , 9783837628890
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (202 p.)
    Series Statement: Edition Moderne Postmoderne
    Keywords: Philosophy of language ; Social & political philosophy ; Sprachphilosophie ; Politik ; Konflikt ; Wittgenstein ; Lyotard ; Sprache ; Politische Philosophie ; Poststrukturalismus ; Analytische Philosophie ; Philosophie ; Philosophy of Language ; Politics ; Conflict ; Language ; Political Philosophy ; Post-structuralism ; Analytical Philosophy ; Philosophy
    Abstract: Politischer Streit wird nicht zuletzt mit Worten geführt. Doch auch über deren Gebrauch und die Befugnis, sie zu verwenden, herrscht Uneinigkeit. Autoren wie Lyotard und Rancière haben auf diesen Dissens ganze politische Theorien gegründet. »Sprachgemeinschaft im Streit« fragt bescheidener und analytischer, wie widerstreitende Sprachverwendungen den Rahmen politischer Verständigung verschieben und was sie mit sonstigem politischen Handeln verbindet. Tilman Reitz nutzt dafür die pragmatische Sprachphilosophie von Wittgenstein bis Brandom und zeigt so quer zu »poststrukturalistischen« und »analytischen« Üblichkeiten, wie Sprache jenseits anerkannter Regeln politisch wirken kann
    Note: German
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  • 88
    ISBN: 9783839420416 , 9783837620412
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (784 p.)
    Series Statement: Edition Moderne Postmoderne
    Keywords: Social & political philosophy ; History of Western philosophy ; Western philosophy, from c 1900 - ; (Neo-)Pragmatismus ; Richard Rorty ; Liberalismus ; Ironie ; Solidarität ; Romantik ; Transformation ; Politik ; Politische Philosophie ; Amerikanische Philosophiegeschichte ; Pragmatismus ; Politische Theorie ; Philosophie ; Politics ; Political Philosophy ; American History of Philosphy ; Pragmatism ; Political Theory ; Philosophy
    Abstract: Was ist der politische cash value von Richard Rortys Neopragmatismus? Dieses Buch wendet die pragmatische Methode auf Rortys Denken selbst an und fragt u.a.: Ist die Figur der liberalen Ironikerin, die eine pragmatisch-kommunitaristische Verabschiedung des Begründungsproblems verkörpert, überzeugend? In dieser ersten umfassenden deutschsprachigen Monografie zu Rortys Neopragmatismus rekonstruiert Martin Müller dessen Neubeschreibung des Liberalismus als spannungsreiche Verbindung von Romantik und Pragmatismus und arbeitet im Vergleich vor allem mit Habermas, Rawls und Walzer seinen - ethisch motivierten - transformativen Charakter heraus. Das Buch enthält zudem einen E-Mail-Austausch zwischen Richard Rorty und dem Autor
    Note: German
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht ; : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400768956
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (224 pages)
    Series Statement: Contemporary philosophy, a new survey volume 11
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Ethics ; Electronic books ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index. Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed January 9, 2014)
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham, Switzerland; : Springer International Publishing
    ISBN: 9783319080130
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (212 pages).
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A: Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science Volume 49
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 170
    Keywords: Ethics ; Philosophy ; Electronic books
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index. Description based on print version record
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bern : Peter Lang International Academic Publishers
    ISBN: 9783653032321 , 9783653994896 , 9783653994902 , 9783631641637
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (253 p.)
    DDC: 943.805072
    Keywords: Cultural studies ; 21st century history: from c 2000 - ; Philosophy ; Sociology & anthropology
    Abstract: The book offers an interdisciplinary but very grounded look at the question of memory politics in contemporary Poland. It describes the conflicting ways in which two groups of people – the former anti-communist activists and the former officers of the repressive regime – have actively engaged in representations and claims about the communist past in the contemporary reality of one Polish town. The material is based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted during the years 2006-2008. The author focuses on the processes of reconstruction of memories and subjectivities taking place at the intersection of individuals, civic society, state bureaucracy and politics. The book focuses on the beliefs, hopes and fears of people who became the subjects of historical policy during their lifetimes
    Note: English
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  • 92
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    Bielefeld : transcript Verlag
    ISBN: 9783839426050 , 9783837626056
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (336 p.)
    Series Statement: Edition Moderne Postmoderne
    Keywords: Human rights ; Social & political philosophy ; Menschenrechte ; Politik ; Erfahrung ; Algerien ; Kolonialkrieg ; Normativität ; Geschichte ; Mensch ; Recht ; Sozialphilosophie ; Politische Philosophie ; Philosophie ; Human Rights ; Politics ; Human ; Law ; Social Philosophy ; Political Philosophy ; Philosophy
    Abstract: Wie sind die Menschenrechte heute angemessen zu verstehen? Sich ausschließlich auf ihren rechtlichen Gehalt oder ethisch-moralischen Anspruch zu konzentrieren, genügt dafür offenbar nicht. Notwendig ist es vielmehr, die Dimension des Politischen, die diesen Rechten eigen ist, systematisch in den Blick zu nehmen: Erst im Feld der sozialen Praxis und in den historisch bezeugten Erfahrungen handelnder Individuen wird ein moralisch-rechtlicher Anspruch konkret greifbar. Am Beispiel des zeitgenössischen Umgangs mit dem Erbe des französischen Kolonialkrieges in Algerien setzt Daniel Bogner Theorie und Praxis, Normativität und Geschichte konsequent miteinander in Beziehung. Ergebnis ist ein neues Verständnis der Menschenrechte - jenseits der Sackgassen einer rein historischen oder exklusiv geltungstheoretischen Perspektive
    Note: German
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  • 93
    ISBN: 9782271142306 , 9782271081469
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (416 p.)
    Series Statement: CNRS Philosophie
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Politics & government
    Abstract: Les écrits de Michel Foucault sont stratifiés, hiérarchisés, entre les livres, les entretiens et les cours au Collège de France, mais ils sont surtout disséminés dans leurs usages. Désormais, et en plus de l'histoire des sciences et de la philosophie, les « effets » Foucault sont palpables sur la théorie de la littérature et du cinéma, l'histoire culturelle et sociale, les théories du genre, la pensée politique, les sciences de gestion... C'est dans ce chantier ouvert que se situe cet ouvrage. Il s'agit pour Jérôme Lamy, Jean-François Bert et leur équipe de spécialistes de resituer et d'analyser une pensée empruntant des questionnements à d'autres champs, de la psychologie à l'économie, de la science politique à la géographie, tout en ne se réclamant pas de ces sciences humaines et sociales. Pour comprendre la position de Foucault, les grands axes méthodologiques qu'il a parcourus sont retracés, telle l'archéologie, l'épistémè, la problématisation. Les concepts, des ouvrages maintenant classiques aux cours et à l'histoire de la sexualité, sont également revisités. Cette lecture critique des écrits et des usages de Foucault permet de le confronter aux analyses les plus récentes en sciences sociales, comme les postcolonial studies, ou de suivre les dialogues engagés (parfois à distance) avec des auteurs comme Norbert Elias, Michel de Certeau et Pierre Bourdieu. Un inventaire aussi rigoureux qu'éclairant
    Note: French
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  • 94
    ISBN: 9782271142283 , 9782271080004
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (288 p.)
    Series Statement: CNRS Philosophie
    Keywords: Philosophy
    Abstract: Le « libre arbitre », cette capacité à choisir librement ou encore à déterminer notre propre volonté, semble menacé par les avancées de la psychologie et des neurosciences contemporaines. Or, certaines interrogations philosophiques doivent être résolues avant de tirer les conséquences de ces résultats empiriques : le déterminisme causal, qui est au fondement de toute démarche scientifique, est-il compatible avec la notion de libre arbitre ? Quel type de relation entretiennent l'esprit et le cerveau ? L'examen de ces problèmes fondamentaux constitue le préalable à l'interprétation des données issues des neurosciences, en particulier des expériences de Benjamin Libet qui ont semblé remettre en question l'efficacité causale de nos décisions conscientes. Par ailleurs, il est légitime de se demander si les limites de la conscience et le rapport qu'elle entretient avec les processus inconscients, qu'ils relèvent de l'Inconscient freudien ou de l' « inconscient cognitif » mis en lumière par les neurosciences, constituent un frein à l'exercice de notre liberté. Cet ouvrage esquisse une solution nouvelle à ces questions. Il montre comment la psychologie et les neurosciences, bien que menaçant la conception traditionnelle du libre arbitre, permettraient de concevoir en leur sein même une redéfinition de cette notion, envisagée comme une capacité relative et non plus absolue, nécessitant un apprentissage
    Note: French
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  • 95
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    Besançon : Presses universitaires de Franche-Comté
    ISBN: 9782848677446 , 9782848674926
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Series Statement: Annales littéraires
    Keywords: Philosophy
    Abstract: Faut-il ne jamais mentir ? Devons-nous nous interdire le moindre mensonge alors même que cette rigueur morale rendrait bien pénible et bien incertaine la vie en société ? Qu'en est-il, à plus forte raison, si ce sont des assassins qui poursuivent un de nos amis ? Leur devons-nous la vérité ? Comment défendre une thèse aussi absurde ? On attribue souvent cette position morale trop rigoriste au kantisme pratique, et certes, il y a quelques raisons de le faire. Comment dès lors ne pas considérer que le kantisme pratique achoppe sur tous les cas tragiques que l'Histoire a fournis au cours des siècles, et en particulier au xxe siècle ? Le kantisme serait-il donc incapable de penser la complexité de notre monde contemporain ? C'est cette objection factuelle radicale que l'auteur a voulu prendre au sérieux. Cela demandait de repenser, à l'intérieur du kantisme, la possibilité de résoudre des situations dans lesquelles, de manière intuitive, nous aurions tendance à accepter le mensonge. C'est d'ailleurs l'objection que n'a pas manqué de faire à Kant, dès 1797, Benjamin Constant. En repartant de cette polémique, l'auteur fait fonctionner jusqu'à son point limite la position kantienne en morale pour montrer qu'elle est encore capable de nous servir à penser notre monde et qu'elle continue de répondre aux questions que nous nous posons
    Note: French
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  • 96
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    Paris : Éditions de la Sorbonne
    ISBN: 9791035107451 , 9782859447953
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (434 p.)
    Series Statement: La philosophie à l'œuvre
    Keywords: Philosophy
    Abstract: Accusé par Burgh de considérer sa propre philosophie comme la meilleure de toutes, Spinoza rectifie : il sait seulement qu'est vraie celle qu'il comprend. Mais on ne trouvera chez lui ni réelle thématisation ni véritable définition de l'idée de philosophie, pas plus qu'un vaste programme de connaissances, comme s'appliquent à en dresser Bacon, Descartes ou Hobbes. Cet ouvrage enquête alors sur la présence, chez Spinoza, d'une conception précise, voire singulière, de l'idée de philosophie. Étudier les occurrences du terme « philosophie », la nature de la définition qui en est proposée, les raisons de passer du titre pressenti de Philosophie à celui d'Éthique, voilà qui produit autant d'indices d'une idée de philosophie comme praxis de distinction ou, selon l'expression d'Althusser, comme activité de tracer des lignes de démarcation. Mais l'ouvrage établit encore que la philosophie ne prend elle-même sens qu'en ce geste, c'est-à-dire par le biais de relations nécessaires avec ce qui a priori n'est pas elle : le vulgaire, l'ignorant, le théologien, le souverain ou même d'autres philosophes. L'idée de philosophie, en d'autres termes, s'autoproduit dans un système de rencontres singulières. En analyser les fruits permet alors de recomposer la nature de la « vraie philosophie » : une pratique de production d'idées et de leur communication. Mais se fait jour, en outre, comme un naturel philosophe, un effort s'éprouvant selon une réjouissance propre au « vrai philosophe », déjà sage en vertu de son mouvement, visant son perfectionnement et l'accroissement de sa puissance
    Note: French
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  • 97
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    Paris : Éditions de la Sorbonne
    ISBN: 9791035107499 , 9782859447748
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (436 p.)
    Series Statement: La philosophie à l'œuvre
    Keywords: Philosophy
    Abstract: Hobbes est souvent perçu comme un philosophe indifférent à l'histoire. L'objet de ce livre consiste à réviser cette lecture en dégageant l'intérêt des rapports qu'entretiennent, en particulier dans le Léviathan, système philosophique et récit historique. Car il y a bien un « problème de l'histoire » chez Hobbes. L'histoire dans tous ses champs, civils et sacrés, antiques et modernes, narratifs et exégétiques, l'a occupé toute sa vie. Surtout, il a lesté le Léviathan de contenus historiques qui forment plus de la moitié de son volume. Mieux, vingt ans après son traité majeur, il s'est fait historien de la guerre civile anglaise, avec le Béhémoth. Il affirme pourtant, dans tous ses grands traités, que l'objet de la philosophie politique consiste à atteindre les principes anhistoriques de la souveraineté et de l'obéissance. Le présent ouvrage s'attache à défaire cette difficulté en montrant que s'il sépare méthodiquement système et récits, Hobbes les articule toujours dans l'unité de ses questions fondamentales
    Note: French
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  • 98
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar]
    ISBN: 9783035199277
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Keywords: Sociology ; Philosophy ; Politics & government
    Abstract: Considerable socio-political change has re-configured the discursive space once occupied by ‘utopia’. Within the cultures of late capitalism and the organisational matrices of bio-political administration, that space is no longer animated by images of idealised states that are yet to come, or by a sense of simple failure in the production of those same states. Rather, it is overdetermined by a condition of differentiation in the representation of reality. The origins of that differentiation of representation appear to lie deep within the modernist project. In the Place of Utopia explores how that condition of representation might be animated anew by the discursive circuits through which modernity has come to operate, so as to enliven the ability of transformative ideas to lever change from within a range of organic crises current to the world system: the financialisation of global capitalism; the subsumption of worker subjectivities to the logic of capital; the broadening of the metabolic rift through industrial-capitalism. Central to this animation of transformative ideas is the relationship between language and the body
    Note: English
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  • 99
    ISBN: 9783035202717
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (354 p.)
    Series Statement: Sciences pour la Communication
    Keywords: Language: reference & general ; Philosophy ; Psychology
    Abstract: This volume gathers contributions from two disciplines which have much to gain from one another – rhetoric and cognitive science – as they both have much to say in the broad realm of argumentation studies. This collection neither condemns the fallacious effects of specific argument schemes nor adds yet another layer to fallacy criticism, but studies how argumentation and fallacies work, hic et nunc. What are the linguistic and cognitive mechanisms behind the «performance » of fallacious arguments? How do rhetorical strategies work at the interface of cognition, language science and society?
    Abstract: Ce volume met l’accent sur le lien entre démarches cognitives et art du discours qui a toujours été un des enjeux de la rhétorique. Sans ajouter une nouvelle couche à l’examen critique des sophismes, les contributions de cet ouvrage n’ont pas pour but de dénoncer les effets de certains schèmes argumentatifs que d’aucuns jugeraient fallacieux, mais d’étudier leur fonctionnement et leurs effets cognitifs hic et nunc. Quels sont les mécanismes qui expliquent la « performance » des arguments réputés fallacieux ? Comment fonctionnent les stratégies rhétoriques à l’intersection entre cognition, sciences du langage et société ?
    Note: French
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  • 100
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    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Monash University Publishing
    ISBN: 9781925495263
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Philosophy
    Abstract: Philosophy in Australia and New Zealand has been experiencing something of a ‘golden age’. Within this, the richness of Australasia’s philosophical past, though less well known, should not be forgotten: Australasian philosophy includes much distinctive and highly original work. The Companion contains a wide range of articles by prominent philosophers and scholars, as well as important contributions by those outside academia. As well as longer essays on selected philosophers, philosophical topics and controversies, there are shorter entries on associations, research centres, departments, journals, pedagogy and international links. Philosophy’s recent inroads into the wider community are also highlighted. A Companion to Philosophy in Australia and New Zealand provides scholars and the wider community with a greater appreciation of the philosophical heritage of this region, and will be a standard work of reference for many years to come. “Judicious and authoritative� – Graham Priest
    Note: English
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