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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (55)
  • BVB
  • Paris : OECD  (46)
  • Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland  (9)
  • Governance
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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (55)
  • BVB
  • BSZ  (9)
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  • 1
    ISBN: 9783031445842
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XVII, 427 p. 18 illus., 5 illus. in color.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2024.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Security, International. ; Political science. ; Human rights. ; International relations. ; Diplomacy. ; Internationaler Konflikt ; Grenzkonflikt ; Kollektive Sicherheit ; Internationale Politik ; Innere Sicherheit ; Menschenrecht ; Governance ; Europa
    Abstract: Chapter 1. Migration Policies in the OSCE Region (Anisa Abeytia) -- Chapter 2. Early Warning Models in the OSCE: Adoption and Re-Invention (Alina Isakova) -- Chapter 3. NATO and EU Strategic Security Environment (Aybike Yalcin-Ispir) -- Chapter 4. Patterns of Border Disputes Amongst OSCE Countries (Halina Sapeha) -- Chapter 5. Assessing Water (Ir)Rationality in the Disputed Region of Nagorno-Karabakh (Leonardo Zanatta) -- Chapter 6. Vetting as a Tool for Strengthening Judicial Integrity in the OSCE Region (Teodora Miljojkovic) -- Chapter 7. Human Rights Adjudication in Central Asia (Saniia Toktogazieva) -- Chapter 8. Human Rights and Social Media: Challenges and Opportunities for Human Rights Education (Joanna Kulesza) -- Chapter 9. Digital Citizen Activism in Central Asia: Beyond Contestation and Cooperation (Bakhytzhan Kurmanov) -- Chapter 10. The Dilemma of Good Governance vs. Power Grab in Georgia (Shalva Dzebisashvili) -- Chapter 11. Transformations of Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine towards EU Membership (Malkhaz Nakashidze) -- Chapter 12. Backsliding Rule of Law and “Stabilotocracy” in Montenegro (Mirko Đuković).
    Abstract: This open-access book explores the security dynamics amid the polarization, shifting borders, and liquid governance that define the Zeitenwende era in Europe's eastern neighbourhood and Central Asia. Presenting various case studies, the volume unveils the intricate web of border dynamics and practices, including the nuanced interplay of border disputes within the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) member states. The contributions shed new light on how contested borders and liquid modes of governance have impacted the engagement of international organizations such as the European Union (EU), North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and OSCE in security crises and conflict prevention. Delving deeper, a special part dissects the ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict and examines European and international responses. By analyzing the stances of diverse European countries, their neighborhood, and international organizations, this section uncovers commonalities and disparities in their approaches to the Ukrainian crisis.
    Note: Open Access
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9783031548727
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XVII, 193 p. 18 illus., 16 illus. in color.)
    Series Statement: Palgrave Macmillan Studies in Banking and Financial Institutions
    Uniform Title: Climate stress test
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Financial services industry. ; Financial risk management. ; Climatology. ; Sustainability. ; ESG ; Climate & environmental risk ; Financial institutions ; Transmission channels ; Regulatory framework ; Governance ; Business model ; Climate risk ; Sustainability ; Sustainable finance ; ESG and finance
    Abstract: 1 Climate Risk Scenario -- 2 Regulatory Framework, Standards And Best Practices For The Financial Sector -- 3 Transmission Channels Of Climate Risk -- 4 Integrating Climate Risk Into Commercial Banks Operations -- 5 Insurance Companies -- 6 Governance Implications: The Challenge Of Disclosure.
    Abstract: Climate change is defining structural modifications that affect the economy and the financial system. Within Europe, supervisors and supervised entities are increasingly focusing on the consequences of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) risks as they impact the soundness and stability of the financial system or interfere with the transmission channels of monetary policy and price stability as well as raising sustainability financing issues. Focusing on climate-related risks within the broader theme of ESG risks, this book analyzes the evolving overall regulatory framework, the climate risk transmission channels, the peculiarities of climate risk transmission channels with reference to specific business models of financial intermediaries, and the governance and disclosure implications of climate risks. It will be of interest to academics, practitioners, and students in the fields of banking, financial services, sustainability, ESG, and climate risk. Elisabetta Gualandri is a Full Professor of Banking and Finance in the Marco Biagi Department of Economics at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy, where she is a member of the Center for Studies in Banking and Finance (CEFIN). She is also a Director of the European Association of University Teachers of Banking and Finance – Wolpertinger. Paola Bongini is a Full Professor of Banking and Finance at the University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy. She is also the Director of the Ph.D. Program in Business for Society. Her research interests are in empirical banking, financial regulation and financial literacy and education. Maurizio Pierigè is Senior Partner at Prometeia responsible for the Risk Integration activities within the Enterprise Risk Management Practice. As Head of Risk Integration, Advanced Analytics, Climate Change & ESG Risks, he is in charge of the development of Prometeia offerings (scenarios, advisory, models, methodologies, software solutions) on balance sheet forecasting and risk integration topics. Marina Di Janni is a Principal, Risk Integration, Advanced Analytics, Climate Change & ESG Risks at Prometeia. She is in charge of planning, controlling, and risk integration for institutions.
    Note: Translation from the Italian language edition: "Climate stress test. Un primo passo verso una gestione integrate dei rischi climatici e ambientali" by Elisabetta Gualandri et al., © AIFIRM (Associazione Italiana Financial Industry Managers) 2022. - The Book is based on selected Chapters (1, 2, and 8) of the AIFIRM's Position Paper n. 39 “Climate Stress Test - Un primo passo verso una gestione integrata dei rischi climatici ed ambientali”. The Editors of the Book took care of all updates, additions, revisions, and translations of the AIFIRM's Position Paper n. 39 selected chapters
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9783031163135
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxvi, 192 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Series Statement: Advances in African economic, social and political development
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Africa—Politics and government. ; Comparative government. ; Political science. ; Political planning. ; Elections. ; Public administration. ; Africa ; Good Governance ; Governance ; Demokratie ; Demokratisierung ; Bestandsaufnahme ; Südafrika
    Abstract: This book presents a holistic perspective and analysis of democratic practice, processes, and governance in South Africa. It examines the development in the South African governing system and its response to the challenges of the crisis of governance under the influence of the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM). While doing so, the book's central objective is to examine the progress of the South African government in strengthening democracy and political governance. Each of the contributions follows a similar structure and addresses the following thematic issues: (1) Assessment of the implementation of the core APRM-related programs; (2) Identification of areas of excellence and prognosis for further improvement; (3) Identification of the weak areas of each and how to make the future implementation better, (4) Identification areas to improve democracy and political governance. A self-assessment strategy initiated by the African Union (AU) in 2002 and adopted in 2003, the APRM is a voluntary mechanism adopted by countries in the African continent to improve governance in general. As a specialized AU agency, APRM monitors the peer review activities of each African country. It serves as a tool for sharing experiences, reinforcing best practices, identifying deficiencies, and assessing capacity-building needs to foster policies, standards, and practices that lead to political stability, high economic growth, sustainable development, and accelerated sub-regional and continental economic integration. This book will be useful for and appeal to scholars and researchers in political science, public administration, and the social sciences in general, as well as policy-makers interested in a better understanding of democratic practice and processes, governance, public policy, and the African Peer Review Mechanism.
    Note: Democracy and Political Governance in South Africa , A Critique of South Africa’s Quest for Accountable, Efficient and Effective Public Service , Evaluating the Commitment of South Africa to the Principles of Separation of Powers , A Rural Perspective on the African Peer Review Mechanism: Views on Socio-Economic Development and Public Service Delivery in Rural South Africa , Democracy, Peace and Stability in South Africa: The Struggle Continues , South Africa’s Political Commitment to the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Vulnerable Groups , Evaluating the Rights of Children and Young People in Africa: The Policies and Practices in South Africa , Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Citizens in South Africa: A Review , The Voice of the Voiceless: The State of Civil and Political Rights in South Africa , An Assessment of Government Commitment to the Promotion and Protection of Women’s Rights in South Africa , Deepening Leadership Accountability in South Africa , Correction to: Peace and Stability in South Africa: The Struggle Continues
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland | Cham : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
    ISBN: 9783030930721
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xix, 402 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Environmental sciences—Social aspects. ; Human geography. ; Sociology, Urban. ; Urban policy. ; Sustainability. ; Food security. ; Environmental sciences ; Stadt ; Ernährungssicherung ; Lebensmittelversorgung ; Schattenwirtschaft ; Governance ; Stadtplanung ; Subsaharisches Afrika
    Abstract: 1. Introduction: African Secondary City Food Systems in Context -- Part 1: Food System Actors, Concepts and Governance -- 2. Understanding Secondary City Typologies: A Food Governance Lens -- 3. Practice Theory and Informal Urban Livelihoods in M’Bour, Senegal: A Case Study of Urban Cultivation -- 4. Co-Productive Urban Planning: Protecting and Expanding Food Security in Uganda’s Secondary Cities -- 5. The Role of the Informal Sector in Epworth’s Food System, Zimbabwe -- 6. The Enabling Environment for Informal Food Traders in Nigeria’s Secondary Cities -- 7. Secondary Cities and Urban Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa -- Part 2: Food Security, Poverty & Livelihoods -- 8. Spatial Characteristics of Urban Food Systems and Food Retailers in Smaller Urban Areas -- 9. Food Insecurity, Food Sourcing and Food Coping Strategies in the O-O-O Urban Corridor, Namibia -- 10. Analysing Diet Composition and Food Insecurity by Socio-Economic Status in Secondary African Cities -- 11. Household Dietary Patterns and Food Security Challenges in Peri-Urban South Africa: A Reflection of High Unemployment in the Wake of Rising Food Prices -- 12. “We eat everyday but I’m perpetually hungry”: Interrogating Food System Transformation and (Forced) Dietary Changes in Tamale, Ghana -- 13. Understanding Food Security and Hunger in Xai-Xai, Mozambique -- Part 3: Environments, Linkages and Mobilities -- 14. Hunger in an Agricultural City: Exploring Vulnerability in Dschang, Cameroon -- 15. Non-Timber Forest Products in Cameroon’s Food System and the Impact of Climate Change on Food Security in Dschang -- 16. Accessibility of Sanitary Facilities Among Food Sellers in African Secondary Cities: Implications for Food Safety and Urban Planning Policies -- 17. Migrant Remittances and Household Food Security in Mzuzu, Malawi -- 18. Rural-Urban Migrants in Mzuzu’s Informal Food Trading System -- 19. Rent as Ransom: Lodging and Food Security in Gweru, Zimbabwe. .
    Abstract: Countries across Africa are rapidly transitioning from rural to urban societies. The UN projects that 60% of people living in Africa will be in urban areas by 2050, with the urban population on the continent tripling over the next 50 years. The challenge of building inclusive and sustainable cities in the context of rapid urbanization is arguably the critical development issue of the 21st Century and creating food secure cities is key to promoting health, prosperity, equity, and ecological sustainability. The expansion of Africa’s urban population is taking place largely in secondary cities: these are broadly defined as cities with fewer than half a million people that are not national political or economic centres. The implications of secondary urbanization have recently been described by the Cities Alliance as “a real knowledge gap”, requiring much additional research not least because it poses new intellectual challenges for academic researchers and governance challenges for policy-makers. International researchers coming from multiple points of view including food studies, urban studies, and sustainability studies, are starting to heed the call for further research into the implications for food security of rapidly growing secondary cities in Africa. This book will combine this research and feature comparable case studies, intersecting trends, and shed light on broad concepts including governance, sustainability, health, economic development, and inclusivity. Jonathan Crush is University Research Professor at Wilfrid Laurier University and Professor Extraordinary at the University of the Western Cape in South Africa. He obtained his first degree at Cambridge University and his M.A. at Laurier and Ph.D. at Queen’s University. He has taught at the National University of Lesotho, the University of Alberta and Queen’s University and has published extensively on African development, migration and food security. He is currently Director of the Hungry Cities Partnership, a global network focused on the governance of urban food systems under conditions of rapid urbanization. Dr Liam Riley works on several inter-related projects investigating food security and food systems in Africa’s rapidly growing cities. He holds a PhD (2013) and MA (2008) in Geography from Western University in London, Canada and a BA (2003) in East Asian Studies and African Studies from McGill University. Liam held a SSHRC Postdoctoral Fellowship (2014-2016) and Banting Postdoctoral Fellowship (2016-2019) at the BSIA at Wilfrid Laurier University where he is currently an Adjunct Faculty member. His work is rooted in fieldwork in Malawi, Cameroon, South Africa, and Botswana that uses a host of qualitative and quantitative research methods to investigate gendered household food strategies in urban Africa and the political economic dimensions of urban food security as a development challenge.
    Note: Open Access
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9783031480836
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (X, 426 p.)
    Series Statement: Contributions to Economics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Zekos, Georgios I. Artificial Intelligence and Competition
    Keywords: Law and economics. ; Information technology ; Mass media ; Economic development. ; Artificial intelligence. ; Technological innovations. ; Industrial policy. ; Digital economy ; Antitrust ; Globalization ; Market power ; Digital platforms ; MNEs ; USA ; European Union ; China ; Germany ; Econometric analysis ; FDI ; Governance ; Cyber-colonization ; Market coordination ; Policy ; Digital entrepreneurship ; Tax rates ; Digital technologies
    Abstract: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. Defining Competition & AI Developments -- Chapter 3. Competition & Governance -- Chapter 4. Competition, Market Power and Politics -- Chapter 5. Competition & AAI -- Chapter 6. US versus EU Competition -- Chapter 7. Chicago School, Harvard School, New Brandeis Movement & Competition -- Chapter 8. Formalism in Competition -- Chapter 9. Digital Transformation of EU & Competition -- Chapter 10. Digital Economy and Competition -- Chapter 11. FDI & AAI -- Chapter 12. Econometric Analysis of Digital Economy & Competition -- Chapter 13. Conclusions.
    Abstract: This book examines the impact of artificial intelligence on competition and antitrust in today's global digital economy. It scrutinizes the economic and legal ramifications of Artificial Intelligence (AI), addressing the challenges it presents to competition and the law. Beginning with an analysis of AI's developments across various economic sectors, the book highlights the need for updated legislation. It focuses on the digital economy, emphasizing digital platforms' role in shaping competition. Econometric investigations and a novel index assess competition's influence on foreign direct investment and multinational enterprises. Comparing competition practices across jurisdictions like the EU, US, Germany, and China, the book uncovers commonalities and differences in competition law principles. It also explores various theories on competition and competition law, seeking convergence or divergence. This book is an essential resource for scholars, legal professionals, policymakers, and anyone seeking a better understanding of how AI is reshaping competition and antitrust in the digital age.
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9783031438608
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XV, 239 p. 8 illus.)
    Series Statement: Contributions to Economics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Evolutionary economics. ; Institutional economics. ; Industrial organization. ; Strategic planning. ; Leadership. ; Public administration. ; Organizational sociology. ; Occupations ; Technological innovation ; New public management ; Quality management ; Governance ; Inclusive governance ; Italy ; Plurality ; Industrial relations ; Organizational studies ; Social innovation ; Taylor Fordism ; Culture ; Economic innovation ; Globalization
    Abstract: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Part 1: Theories and Concepts -- Chapter 2. The Concept of Organisation and New Interdisciplinary Interpretative Paradigms -- Chapter 3. Economic and Social Changes and the Development of Organisational Theories -- Chapter 4. The Development of Corporate Organisational Models: Innovation, Quality and the Focus on Customer -- Part 2: Tools and Techniques -- Chapter 5. Tools for Analysis, Planning, and Organisational Development -- Chapter 6. Leadership and Management -- Chapter 7. Negotiation -- Chapter 8. Leadership and Organisational Cultures -- Part 3: Case Studies -- Chapter 9. Reforms of the Public Administration and New Person-oriented Organisational Models -- Chapter 10. Entrepreneurial Culture and the Evolution of Organisational Models: the Challenge of the Integral Enterprise Model -- Chapter 11. Conclusions.
    Abstract: Taking a multidimensional approach, this book sheds light on the evolution of organizational studies in a structured and systematic way, against the background of economic and social changes in recent decades. By doing so, the book focuses on the plurality of organizing models as a central concept. This plurality is important to the survival of the firm in response to the growing complexity of the economic, social, and technological innovation that has arisen as a result of globalization. The book goes beyond the traditional approach to the study of organizations, of a structural and functionalistic type. It investigates the role of cultures and the ethical, symbolic, and value dimensions in the redefinition dynamics of strategic assets, as well as the search for new governance models in innovative organizations. Further, it discusses the role of leadership, in relation to the development of professional groups and the skills necessary for the management of endo-organizational, inter-organizational, and trade union negotiation processes. Finally, the book analyzes the economic, social, and cultural change in societies and discusses how companies and organizations of all types can develop cultures of innovation that may lead to socially inclusive governance. This book will appeal to students, researchers, and scholars of economics, business, and the social sciences, as well as professionals and practitioners interested in a better understanding of how organizations function in today’s globalized world.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland | Cham : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
    ISBN: 9783031375491
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxv, 368 Seiten)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023
    Series Statement: Politics, economics, and inclusive development
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Emigration and immigration. ; Ethnology. ; Culture. ; Peace. ; Economic development. ; Binnenwanderung ; Displaced Person ; Zuwanderer ; Ursache ; Motivation ; Migrationspolitik ; Governance
    Abstract: Chapter 1.Introduction -- Chapter 2. Understanding Internal Migration -- Part I Stakeholders: The State, Migrants, and Hosts. Chapter 3. The Primacy of the State -- Chapter 4. The Many Levels of the State -- Chapter 5. Sympathy for the State: Coping with Internal Migration -- Chapter 6. Migrants in Train: State-Initiated and Managed Migrations -- Chapter 7. Unsponsored Migrants: The Enterprising -- Chapter 8. Unsponsored Migrants: The Expelled -- Chapter 9. Room to Let? Host Community Perspectives.-Part II. What Can Go Wrong. Chapter 10. Migratory Deprivations -- Chapter 11.Migratory Conflicts: Sons of the Soil.-Chapter 12. State Failures -- Part III. What to Do About It. Chapter 13. State Accountability: Theory, Evasion, and Potential Remedies -- Chapter 14. State Responses and Best Practices -- Chapter 15. Societal Responses -- Chapter 16. The International Community -- Chapter 17. Lessons in Governing Internal Migration.
    Abstract: Moving within Borders offers an invaluable contribution. William Ascher and Shane Barter offer an absorbing, cogent, and authoritative account of internal migration across the world today. They offer a set of riveting case studies as well as a compelling theoretical framework for understanding them. They conclude with a set of policy remedies that can enable governments to deal with their internal migrations in ways that lessen the human costs. This book is must-reading for those interested in the plight of human beings who leave their homes in search of a better life. —Michael Lofchie, Professor of Political Science, UCLA If you had no idea that internal migrants outnumber their international counterparts by three to one, then this book is definitely for you. Drawing on an extensive literature and case studies from across the developing world, Ascher and Barter have written the most comprehensive account on internal migration yet. Their policy recommendations that focus on the role states can play complement an unassailably balanced, nuanced analysis that will be the go-to source on the subject for years to come. —Jamie S. Davidson, National University of Singapore This book highlights the attention that policymakers, activists, and the public should pay to internal migration. The book is distinctive in examining the full range of modes and motives of internal migration: state-sponsored or unsponsored, coerced or voluntary, land-seeking or market-seeking, urban or rural, and so on. While approaching internal migration holistically, it also emphasizes how it is distinct from international migration, especially the central role of the state, whose internal divisions and defensive reactions often play decisive roles in governing migration. William Ascher is Donald C. McKenna Professor of Government and Economics at Claremont McKenna College. His research focuses on poverty alleviation and sustainable development in all developing areas. Shane Joshua Barter is Professor of Comparative Politics at Soka University of America. His research interests focus on separatist conflicts in Southeast Asia, civilian responses to war, conflict IDPs, and territorial autonomy. .
    Note: Tabellen, Literaturverzeichnisse, Index
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland | Cham : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
    ISBN: 9783031296352
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XIII, 368 p. 2 illus., 1 illus. in color.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Africa—Politics and government. ; Security, International. ; Political science. ; Africa ; Politischer Konflikt ; Innenpolitik ; Bewaffneter Konflikt ; Innere Sicherheit ; Governance ; Friedenskonsolidierung ; Ursache ; Konflikt ; Fallstudie ; Afrika
    Abstract: Chapter 1. Africa and the Scourge of Conflict and Insecurity -- Chapter 2. African Conflict and the ‘Post-colonial’ State -- Chapter 3. Climate Change and Emerging Conflict between Herdsmen and Farmers in Nasarawa and Plateau States, Nigeria -- Chapter 4. Grassroots conflict over ecosystem services provided by the Inner Niger Delta: The case of Mali -- Chapter 5. Conflict, Police impunity and the governance question in Nigeria: Reflecting on the #EndSARS protest -- Chapter 6. Trapped in the Ivory Tower: Using social movement theory to analyse a ‘movement in distress’ -- Chapter 7. Terrorism in Sub-Sahara Africa: Assessing its Economic and Social Implications -- Chapter 8. Violent Conflict in the Sahel: Causes, Dynamics, and Actors -- Chapter 9. The Resurgence of Military Coups in Africa: The Case of West Africa and the Sahel -- Chapter 10. Media and Election Disputes in Nigeria -- Chapter 11. Governance, Security and Development Nexus in Galkayo, Somalia: A New Approach to Explaining Somalia’s Chronic Instability -- Chapter 12. Ceasefire arrangements as pre-conditions for independence in Southern Africa: implications for land conflicts in Zimbabwe and South Africa -- Chapter 13. The Security Sector in Zimbabwe’s Diamond Governance (2006-2015) -- Chapter 14. Ethnic Federalism, Exclusionary Self-Determination Rights, and Conflicts in Ethiopia: Consociational Democracy as an Alternative Approach to Peace and security -- Chapter 15. Somaliland’s Plural Justice System and its Influence on Peacebuilding and Development -- Chapter 16. Exploring the impact of women’s organizations in peacebuilding in South Sudan: Post-independence progress -- Chapter 17. Gender-based violence in South Africa: The second pandemic? -- Chapter 18. A Reflection on Gender-Based Violence in Nigeria -- Chapter 19. Food security as a new frontier of war: A geo-historical perspective of food security and armed conflict in sub-Saharan Africa -- Chapter 20. IGAD and the Quest for Economic and Security Regionalism -- Chapter 21. Ethnic Federalism, Exclusionary Self-Determination Rights, and Conflict in Ethiopia: Consociational Democracy as an Alternative Approach to Peace and Security.
    Abstract: This edited volume reflects on some of the important discussions on the trends of governance, conflict and security in Africa. It explores some of the emerging concerns and offers a holistic understanding of the remote and immediate causes of the conflict and how the neo-colonial African states have been structured in a manner that makes violent conflict inevitable. The book thereby provides an overview of Africa’s security challenges and proffers some sustainable policy options for curtailing lawlessness and armed conflict on the continent. Literature is exhaustive about the nexus between governance, peace, and security; however, discourse on the impact of ‘new’ conflict on governance has been scant. Understanding these new trends has become a necessity and precondition for sustainable development, as reflected in both the African Union (AU) Agenda 2063 and the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Adeoye O. Akinola is Head of Research and Teaching at the Institute for Pan-African Thought and Conversation, University of Johannesburg, South Africa.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland | Cham : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan
    ISBN: 9783031112447
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 277 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Keywords: Africa—Politics and government. ; COVID-19 ; Therapie ; Epidemie ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Governance ; Wirkung ; Auswirkung ; Soziales Feld ; Einflussgröße ; Interesse ; Afrika
    Abstract: This book presents insights into the governance challenge associated with the management of the lockdown measures in relation to the welfare of citizens in selected African states. The intention of the project is to present a critical analysis of the effectiveness and the consequences of the measures adopted by the government of these African countries to contain further spread of the virus, within the context of existing governance challenges in the management of the public sector. This will expose the contradictions in the implementation of public policy and the actualization of its intendment for the promotion of good governance and the welfare of citizens. The benefit thereof is the feasibility of arousing further intellectual engagements on the need for effective management of public sector with strong infrastructural support for the good of all in Africa. Nirmala Dorasamy is an NRF rated Professor in the Department of Public Management and Economics at the Durban University of Technology (DUT), Durban, South Africa.
    Note: Introduction: Governance Challenges in the Management of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Africa , Governance Imperative in Public Sector Management in Africa , COVID-19 and Social Alteration Challenges , Devastating Economic Challenges and Potential Opportunities of COVID-19 Pandemic in the Petroleum Industry Sector of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) , Reinvigorating the Okavango Delta Through E-Tourism and Localization , COVID-19 Ramifications in Lesotho: A Poverty Perspective , The Syndemic of HIV, Gender Inequality, and Poverty During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Women in South Africa , COVID-19, Poverty, and Inequality: Implication on the Egyptian Economy , COVID-19 Regulations and the Inequality Gap in Education and Housing in South Africa , Double Tragedy’! Poverty and Inequality as Sources of Community Fragility During COVID-19 Lockdown in Zimbabwe’s Urban Spaces , Livelihoods or Health? The Contradictions and Socio-Economic Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Informal Traders in Harare, Zimbabwe , Government as the Leviathan: A Comparative Study on Government Policies on the Informal Sector During COVID-19 Pandemic in Zimbabwe and South Africa , Pandemic Within Pandemic: Corruption as an Impediment to Effective Management of COVID-19 in Nigeria and South Africa
    URL: Cover
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  • 10
    ISBN: 9789264896116
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (70 Seiten) , Tabellen, Diagramme
    Series Statement: Educational research and innovation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Shewbridge, Claire Promoting education decision maker's use of evidence in Flanders
    Keywords: Education ; Governance ; Belgium
    Abstract: The introduction of standardised tests in Flemish schools aims to generate regular, reliable data for educators and policy makers. At an early stage of development, this report uses a research-based framework to engage stakeholders in thinking about the opportunities standardised tests could bring for their work. It builds on feedback from key stakeholders regarding their perceptions, hopes and concerns about the introduction of standardised tests. Feedback was gathered during a series of structured discussions and a stakeholder reflection seminar. The report identifies ways to strengthen the opportunity, capability and motivation of decision makers at all levels of the education system to use evidence effectively for their respective practice – including teaching and quality assurance. The report identifies lessons learnt to support the further development of standardised tests. The publication is part of OECD work on strategic education governance, which supports countries in identifying the best ways to achieve national objectives in a context of multi‑level governance structures and complex environments. The work identifies and promotes effective governance processes in the domains of accountability, capacity, knowledge governance, stakeholder involvement, strategic thinking and adopting a whole‑of‑system perspective. This publication will be of interest to policy makers, education leaders, the education research community and all those interested in education governance.
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  • 11
    ISBN: 9789264370623 , 9789264591141 , 9789264788688
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (179 Seiten) , Diagramme, Karten, Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD rural studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Access and cost of education and health services
    Keywords: Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Alternde Bevölkerung ; Gesundheitskosten ; Bildungsfinanzierung ; EU-Staaten ; Education ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Current population trends and the COVID-19 pandemic reinforce the need for efficient public service provision while guaranteeing good access to all. Population decline and ageing in rural regions affect the provision of services through lower economies of scale and scope, professional shortages and longer distances. Reliable estimates of the costs and access arising from demographic and geographical differences can help adapt the provision of services to different territorial realities. This report provides internationally comparable fine-grained present and future estimates of the cost and physical access to education (primary and secondary) and health services (cardiology, maternity and obstetrics) in European countries. The report finds that demographic change in the next decades will likely further strain the trade-off between costs and access, especially in remote rural areas. Adapting to changes in demand following lower fertility rates and ageing implies that services will need to become more widely available, while others will have to concentrate more. This report aims to support evidence-based policy decisions to ensure service provision allows for both cost efficiency and a sufficient level of access in all territories.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    ISBN: 9789264505377
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (378 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als COVID-19 and well-being
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Epidemie ; Lebensqualität ; Zufriedenheit ; Welt ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Employment ; Environment ; Governance
    Abstract: COVID-19 and Well-being: Life in the Pandemic explores the immediate implications of the pandemic for people’s lives and livelihoods in OECD countries. The report charts the course of well-being – from jobs and incomes through to social connections, health, work-life balance, safety and more – using data collected during the first 12-15 months of the pandemic. It also takes stock of what has happened to human, economic, social and natural capital that, beyond their effects on people’s lives today, shape living conditions for years to come. It shows how COVID-19 has had far-reaching consequences for how we live, work and connect with one another, and how experiences of the pandemic varied widely, depending on whether and where people work, their gender, age, race and ethnicity, education and income levels. The report also examines the role that well-being evidence can play in supporting governments’ pandemic recovery efforts. It argues that a well-being lens can prompt policy-makers to refocus on the outcomes that matter the most to people, to redesign policy content from a more multidimensional perspective, to realign policy practice across government silos, and to reconnect people with the public institutions that serve them.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    ISBN: 9789264938595
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (247 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Series Statement: OECD reviews of digital transformation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Going digital in Brazil
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; Education ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Brazil ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Brasilien ; Digitalisierung ; Wirtschaft ; Politik
    Abstract: Going Digital in Brazil analyses recent developments in Brazil’s digital economy, reviews policies related to digitalisation and makes recommendations to increase policy coherence in this area. The report examines the availability and quality of communication networks and services in Brazil, as well as related policies and regulations. It also reviews trends in digital technology usage among individuals, businesses and the government, and examines policies to foster diffusion. It discusses efforts to enhance trust in the digital economy, focusing on digital security, privacy and consumer protection. It also reviews policies to promote digital innovation and examines the policy implications of emerging business models in key sectors. The report reconsiders these policies in relation to their coherence across different domains and provides recommendations to foster synergies across government ministries, levels and institutions, based on the OECD Going Digital Integrated Policy Framework.
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    ISBN: 9789264496705
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (203 Seiten) , Karten, Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Keywords: Staatliche Einrichtung ; Governance ; Governance ; Anguilla ; Argentina ; Barbados ; Bolivia ; Brazil ; Chile ; Colombia ; Dominica ; Dominican Republic ; Ecuador ; El Salvador ; Grenada ; Guatemala ; Guyana ; Haiti ; Honduras ; Mexico ; Panama ; Paraguay ; Peru ; Saint Lucia ; Uruguay ; Venezuela ; Lateinamerika ; Karibik
    Abstract: La tercera edición de Panorama de las Administraciones Públicas América Latina y el Caribe contiene la evidencia disponible más actualizada sobre las administraciones públicas y su desempeño en ALC y en comparación con los países de la OCDE. Esta publicación incluye indicadores sobre finanzas públicas y economía, empleo público, centros de gobierno, gobernanza regulatoria, datos abiertos gubernamentales, integridad del sector público, contratación pública y por primera vez sobre los resultados clave de los gobiernos (p.ej. confianza en las instituciones, reducción de la desigualdad). Los indicadores de gobernanza son especialmente útiles para monitorear y comparar el desempeño de los gobiernos en sus reformas a la administración pública. Cada indicador se presenta en un formato amigable para el lector, que consiste en gráficos o tablas que ilustran las variaciones de los países, un análisis descriptivo breve enfatizando los hallazgos principales en cada área y una sección metodológica con la definición del indicador así como cualquier limitación en la comparabilidad de los datos.
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9789264638358
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (71 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Series Statement: Educational research and innovation
    Series Statement: Strategic education governance analytical report
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Köster, Florian Promoting education decision makers' use of evidence in Austria
    Keywords: Bildungspolitik ; Politische Entscheidung ; Theorie-Praxis-Verhältnis ; Politikberatung ; Österreich ; Education ; Governance ; Austria ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report takes stock of processes that promote the systematic use of evidence in decision making in Austria’s education system. It builds on an online survey among over 6500 decision makers, drawing on responses from executives in the Austrian Federal Ministry for Education, Science and Research; regional education directorates; school supervision and school leaders. The report identifies what it takes to strengthen the opportunity, capability and motivation of decision makers at all levels of the education system to use evidence effectively for their respective practice – including teaching and quality assurance. It assesses respective strengths and weaknesses in current processes and in opportunities available to decision makers. The report develops possible next steps to inform further discussions. The publication is part of OECD work on strategic education governance, which supports countries in identifying the best ways to achieve national objectives in a context of multi-level governance structures and complex environments. The work identifies and promotes effective governance processes in the domains of accountability, capacity, knowledge governance, stakeholder involvement, strategic thinking and adopting a whole-of-system perspective. This publication will be of interest to policy makers, education leaders, the education research community and all those interested in education governance.
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9789264311671
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (335 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Educational research and innovation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Vincent-Lancrin, Stéphan Measuring innovation in education 2019
    Keywords: Bildungsforschung ; Bildung ; Innovation ; Messung ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Schule ; Lernen ; Innovation ; Schulleistungsmessung
    Abstract: Measuring innovation in education and understanding how it works is essential to improve the quality of the education sector. Monitoring systematically how pedagogical practices evolve would considerably increase the international education knowledge base. We need to examine whether, and how, practices are changing within classrooms and educational organisations and how students use learning resources. We should know much more about how teachers change their professional development practices, how schools change their ways to relate to parents, and, more generally, to what extent change and innovation are linked to better educational outcomes. This would help policy makers to better target interventions and resources, and get quick feedback on whether reforms do change educational practices as expected. This would enable us to better understand the role of innovation in education. This new edition of Measuring Innovation in Education examines what has (or has not) changed for students over the past decade in OECD education systems. It reviews no fewer than 150 educational practices. The report casts light on systemic innovation in primary and secondary education, with a focus on pedagogical innovation. Has the use of technology spread? Have assessments become more important in pedagogical practices? Are students given more agency in their learning? Are they still asked to memorise facts and procedures? Do teachers increasingly engage students in peer learning activities? These are some of the questions this book seeks to answer. This report also presents some preliminary findings about the links between innovation and educational performance. This book will offer precious insights to policy makers, the education community and all those who seek to understand how educational practices are evolving.
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789264304888
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD reviews on local job creation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Engaging employers and developing skills at the local level in Australia
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Bildungspolitik ; Unternehmer ; Kommunalpolitik ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Australien ; Education ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Australia
    Abstract: Local vocational education and training programmes serve as a valuable educational pathway to improve the transition from school to work. Within the VET system, quality apprenticeship programmes can provide employers with a skilled workforce that is more agile in a rapidly evolving global economy while also supporting new employment opportunities for disadvantaged groups. This report focuses on how to better engage employers in apprenticeship and other work-based skills development programmes aligned with growing sectors of the local economy. A key part of this report was the implementation of an employer-based survey, which gathered information from over 300 Australian employers about their skills needs and barriers to apprenticeship participation. The report also provides information on four case studies, including Sydney Metro and STEMship in New South Wales, Collective Education in Tasmania, and the Dream, Believe, Achieve programme in Queensland. The case studies demonstrate how local organisations are building stronger business-education partnerships.
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    ISBN: 9789264309791 , 9789264309814 , 9789264309807
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (211 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD skills studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD skills strategy Flanders
    Keywords: Bildungspolitik ; Qualifikation ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Flandern ; Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Industry and Services ; Belgium ; Flandern ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Bildungspolitik
    Abstract: Better skills policies help build economic resilience, boost employment and reinforce social cohesion. The OECD Skills Strategy provides countries with a framework to analyse their skills strengths and challenges. Each OECD Skills Strategy diagnostic report reflects a set of skills challenges identified by broad stakeholder engagement and OECD comparative evidence while offering concrete examples of how other countries have tackled similar skills challenges. These reports tackle questions such as: How can countries maximise their skills potential? How can they improve their performance in developing relevant skills, activating skills supply and using skills effectively? What is the benefit of a whole-of-government approach to skills? How can governments build stronger partnerships with employers, trade unions, teachers and students to deliver better skills outcomes? OECD Skills Strategy diagnostic reports provide new insights into these questions and help identify the core components of successful skills strategies. This report is part of the OECD’s ongoing work on building effective national and local skills strategies.
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    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    ISBN: 9789264900677
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (57 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Multi-Dimensional Review of Panama Volume 3
    Series Statement: OECD Development Pathways
    Series Statement: Multi-dimensional review of Panama
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Multi-dimensional review of Panama ; Volume 3: From analysis to action
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Multi-dimensional review of Panama ; volume 3: From analysis to action
    Keywords: Panama Economic conditions ; Panama Economic policy ; Congresses ; Panama Social conditions ; Congresses ; Panama Economic policy ; Electronic books ; Education ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Taxation ; Development ; Panama
    Abstract: This MDCR is designed to help Panama formulate development strategies, and identify and support the policy reforms needed to achieve further sustainable and inclusive development. This review comes at a time when Panama is achieving high economic growth but further policy action is needed to expand socio-economic benefits across all economic sectors, regions and households.
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9789264981966
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (353 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD reviews of school resources
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Working and learning together
    Keywords: Lehrkräfte ; Personalentwicklung ; Schule ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Governance
    Abstract: The staff working in schools are the most important resource for today’s education systems, both educationally and financially. This report aims to provide guidance for the design of human resource policies that strengthen, recognise and preserve the positive impact that teachers, school leaders and other school staff have on their students. It offers an in-depth analysis of how human resource policies can make the best use of available resources to create supportive working environments and build both individual and collective professional capacity in schools. This includes the design of entry requirements, career structures, salary schedules and working time arrangements to attract, retain and motivate high-quality staff; the effective and equitable matching of staff with schools through fair and transparent staff funding and recruitment; and informed investments in professional learning, from initial preparation to continuing development. Throughout its analysis, the report looks at implementation challenges and considers under which conditions human resource policy reforms are most likely to have the desired effects on schools and their staff. This report is the third in a series of thematic comparative reports bringing together findings from the OECD School Resources Review.
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9789264943483
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (156 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Digital Transformation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of digital transformation
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; Kolumbien ; Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Colombia ; Digitalisierung
    Abstract: OECD Reviews of Digital Transformation: Going Digital in Colombia analyses recent developments of the digital economy in the country, reviews policies related to digitalisation and makes recommendations to increase policy coherence in this area. The report examines recent developments in infrastructures for the digital economy, telecom markets and related regulations and policies in Colombia. It reviews trends in the use of digital technologies by individuals, businesses and the government, and examines policies to foster diffusion. The report also examines opportunities and challenges raised by digitalisation for production, innovation, jobs and skills. The report reconsiders these policies in relation to their coherence among different domains and in order to foster synergies across government ministries, levels and institutions, based on the integrated policy framework of the OECD's Going Digital: Making the Transformation Work for Growth and Well-being project.
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9789264062382 , 9789264085169 , 9789264298804
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (454 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Atkinson, Giles, 1969 - Cost benefit analysis and the environment
    RVK:
    Keywords: Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse ; Umweltökonomik ; Environment ; Governance ; Economics ; Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse ; Umweltökonomik ; Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse ; Umweltökonomie
    Abstract: This book explores recent developments in environmental cost-benefit analysis (CBA). This is defined as the application of CBA to projects or policies that have the deliberate aim of environmental improvement or are actions that affect, in some way, the natural environment as an indirect consequence. It builds on the previous OECD book by David Pearce et al. (2006), which took as its starting point that a number of developments in CBA, taken together, altered the way in which many economists would argue CBA should be carried out and that this was particularly so in the context of policies and projects with significant environmental impacts. It is a primary objective of the current book not only to assess more recent advances in CBA theory but also to identify how specific developments illustrate key thematic narratives with implications for practical use of environmental CBA in policy formulation and appraisal of investment projects. Perhaps the most significant development is the contribution of climate economics in its response to the challenge of appraising policy actions to mitigate (or adapt to) climate change. Work in this area has increased the focus on how to value costs and benefits that occur far into the future, particularly by showing how conventional procedures for establishing the social discount rate become highly problematic in this intergenerational context and what new approaches might be needed. The contribution of climate economics has also entailed thinking further about uncertainty in CBA, especially where uncertain outcomes might be associated with large (and adverse) impacts.
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    ISBN: 9789264302549
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (179 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Series Statement: Multi-Dimensional Review of Panama volume 2
    Series Statement: OECD Development Pathways
    Series Statement: Multi-dimensional review of Panama
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Multi-dimensional review of Panama ; Volume 2: In-depth analysis and recommendations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Multi-dimensional review of Panama ; Volume 2: In-depth analysis and recommendations
    Keywords: Panama Economic conditions ; Panama Economic policy ; Congresses ; Panama Social conditions ; Congresses ; Panama Economic policy ; Electronic books ; Education ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Taxation ; Development ; Economics ; Panama
    Abstract: Panama has achieved socio-economic improvements in recent decades thanks to strong economic growth and consequent poverty reduction. Its growth model is characterised by a dual economy in which a small number of activities, including those related to the Canal and Special Economic Zones, have exhibited high productivity growth but limited job creation. Panama should now embark on a new reform agenda to become a sustainable and inclusive high-income country. This report urges greater productivity in sectors that contribute to job formalisation to reduce disparities in income and among regions. As developing these policies requires further resources, taxation system and private sector involvement through public-private partnerships should also be reinforced. Focusing on skills and jobs, regional development and development financing, the volume provides analysis and recommendations on three areas which are key for Panama.
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  • 24
    ISBN: 9789264303751 , 9789264305137 , 9789264305144
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (302 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Series Statement: OECD reviews of school resources
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Radinger, Thomas OECD reviews of school resources
    Keywords: Bildungswesen ; Schule ; Schulpolitik ; Schulfinanzierung ; Kolumbien ; Education ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Colombia ; Kolumbien ; Schule ; Schulpolitik ; Schulfinanzierung
    Abstract: This country review report offers an independent analysis of major issues facing the use of school resources in Colombia from an international perspective. It provides a description of national policies, an analysis of strengths and challenges, and a proposal of possible future approaches. The analysis focuses on the funding of school education, the provision of school education and the development of the teaching profession. Rural education represents a transversal theme of the report within the context of Colombia's peace agreement and objectives to close rural-urban gaps in social and economic development. Issues covered include the level of spending, sources of funding and funding mechanisms; the organisation of the school network, including the funding of private provision; school governance, leadership and community participation; the organisation of teaching and learning, including learning standards, educational materials, student assessment, and instruction time; teacher learning in pre-service and in-service education; and teacher recruitment and career progression. The report covers all levels of compulsory education as well as transitions from early childhood education and care to school education and from school education to the labour market and tertiary education.
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  • 25
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD corporate governance working papers 17
    Keywords: 1970 - 2014 ; Corporate Governance ; Shareholder Value ; Institutioneller Investor ; Japan ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Japan ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This research analyses the improvements to corporate governance within Japanese listed companies and the influence of institutional shareholders. Firstly, in order to analyse the external factors that have promoted the recent corporate governance reform, the report starts with an overview of the changes in the Japanese market post 1970s. The main players before the 1990s were the banks, who provided credit to companies as well as being shareholders. Corporate governance in Japan was characterised by the “main bank” system. However, after the “bubble economy” burst in the early 1990s, institutional investors, including domestic pension funds and foreign asset managers, started to have a greater presence. Secondly, the report analyses the recent developments in corporate governance within listed companies. Developments were influenced considerably by institutional shareholders through proxy voting. Further, the report reviews the legislation and relevant rules on corporate governance including the reform of the Companies Act and the Cabinet Office Ordinance on Disclosure of Corporate Information. Thirdly, the report examines the influence of institutional shareholders and their activities towards good corporate governance. In 2009, the “Report by the Financial System Council’s Study Group on the Internationalization of Japanese Financial and Capital Markets” was published and asset managers, such as investment trusts and investment advisory companies, started to disclose policy and results of proxy voting. In February 2014, pursuant to the recommendation of the “Japan Revitalization Strategy 2013”, Japan’s Stewardship Code was published and it is now expected that institutional shareholders play a significant role to engage with investee companies and improve corporate governance within them. The report also analyses the historical changes to practices within shareholder meetings along with examination of the role that institutional shareholders have played in the improvement of corporate governance within Japanese listed companies.
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  • 26
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (51 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD corporate governance working papers 18
    Keywords: Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Anti-Korruption ; Corporate Governance ; Südafrika ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; South Africa ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report aims to provide an overview of business integrity and anti-bribery legislation, policies and practices applicable to state-owned enterprises (SOEs) operating across the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region. Part 1 provides a rationale for considering the impact that corruption-prevention and business integrity measures have had in some jurisdictions, based on available academic literature on this subject. Part 2 summarises the framework in seven SADC countries for combating corruption and for encouraging responsible business practices. It also focuses on the application of this framework to SOEs by governments, as well as measures taken by SOEs to limit their exposure to the risks of corruption. The report was undertaken on behalf of the OECD Network on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises in Southern Africa and is based on voluntary responses to a questionnaire and supplemented with desk research.
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  • 27
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (43 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD regional development working papers 2014/06
    Keywords: Öffentlicher Haushalt ; Teilstaat ; Öffentliche Investition ; Öffentliche Dienstleistung ; Institutionenökonomik ; Finanzbeziehungen ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Sub-national governments (SNGs) are key players for public investment in OECD countries, responsible for nearly two-thirds of it. At the same time, both the well-being of the population and economic performance depend on an adequate provision of public services, which require public facilities and thus public investment. Ensuring that sub-national governments command the resources for necessary public investment is hence important. While in the immediate, the fiscal space of a SNG for public investment is basically determined by its current fiscal capacities, in a longer-term perspective the evolution of fiscal space comes to depend increasingly on the institutional context. This includes the national framework of fiscal relations across levels of government, the nature and characteristics of SNGs’ revenue sources and spending responsibilities, SNGs resilience to crises, and their structural ability to borrow. This paper explores the institutional ability of SNGs to influence their fiscal space for public investment. In this context, it also analyses the main challenges to be faced by SNG finances in the decades to come, as well as recent reforms implemented by SNGs to tackle these specific issues.
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (20 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD regional development working papers 2014/08
    Keywords: Kommunale Verkehrspolitik ; Stadtverkehr ; Kommunale Infrastruktur ; Öffentlicher Nahverkehr ; Ballungsraum ; Kommunalverwaltung ; Chicago (Ill.) ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; United States ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This study aims to assess the degree of institutional fragmentation of transport and land use planning in Chicago and to assess the main challenges related to this institutional fragmentation. It provides an overview of local governments in metropolitan Chicago and mechanisms for metropolitan coordination, including organisations at the metropolitan scale, dealing with planning, land use and transport. Five main challenges related to institutional fragmentation in transport and land use planning are identified: a lack of (1) interconnectivity, (2) coherence across transit modes, (3) regional freight planning, (4) accountability and (5) implementation power of regional planning and transport objectives. These challenges are analysed. The concluding section suggests some avenues for reform that could be explored in order to overcome the challenges of metropolitan fragmentation in transport and land use in Chicago.
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  • 29
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (49 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD corporate governance working papers 15
    Keywords: Aktionärsrechte ; Board of Directors ; Gerichtsbarkeit ; Minderheitsaktionäre ; Rechtsdurchsetzung ; Corporate Governance ; Finanzmarktaufsicht ; Börse ; Aktienrecht ; Gesellschaftsrecht ; MENA-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Corporate governance frameworks in the Middle East and North Africa region have undergone a substantial evolution in the past decade. Better enforcement of corporate governance rules and regulations has in the past three years emerged as both a policy challenge and a priority for the region. This emphasis on better enforcement reflects a number of trends including political changes in some countries of the region, the global call for better surveillance of the adoption of governance rules as well as low investor engagement in the region. This paper examines key developments in public and private corporate governance enforcement in the region. It highlights the growing level of public enforcement as expertise within the securities regulators is growing. The paper provides policy recommendations on specific aspects of governance frameworks such as the treatment of related party transactions and board member responsibilities which - if better regulated - could result in more effective governance enforcement in the region.
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  • 30
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (41 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD regional development working papers 2014/09
    Keywords: 1989 - 2012 ; Systemtransformation ; Wirtschaftliche Anpassung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Politische Reform ; Wirtschaftsindikator ; Panel ; Transformationsstaaten ; Kasachstan ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Kazakhstan ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Policy complementarities have often been overlooked in transition economies, leading to the exclusion or partial adoption of reforms. This paper examines the key determinants of successful transition strategies, and concludes that an approach exploiting complementary relationships and interactions between policies is most likely to result in a welfare improvement. Based on nine policy areas from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) Transition Indicators database, composite indicators measuring reform implementation and complementarity are constructed. Panel data estimates for 30 countries over the period 1989 to 2012 demonstrate a positive association between improvements in reform complementarity and economic growth. Moreover, the effects are found to persist over time for up to two years after the initial policy change, and are robust to the inclusion of a wide range of control variables. Applying these findings to the case of Kazakhstan illustrates that comprehensive reforms to a targeted group of complementary policies generate sustained increases in output growth, whereas a partial reform strategy results in a loss of welfare.
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  • 31
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (51 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD corporate governance working papers 13
    Keywords: Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Organisatorischer Wandel ; Übernahme ; Corporate Governance ; Kapitalmarkttheorie ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; SADC-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; South Africa ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report is the first known stocktaking of its kind to provide a regional overview of state-owned enterprise (SOE) governance reforms and challenges across the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region. Part One summarises the challenges and governance practices related to state-ownership across SADC economies; it draws conclusions on how to address common regional priorities. Part Two of the report is organised around country profiles providing a fact-based assessment of SOE reform policies and practices in 14 economies. The report was prepared at the request of the Southern Africa Network on Governance of State-Owned Enterprises – a regional cooperation initiative aimed at improving the corporate governance of SOEs, and mainly covering the member economies of the SADC region. The stocktaking was prepared based on information self-reported by authorities in participating economies and supplemented by desk research.
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  • 32
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (56 S.)
    Series Statement: OECD working papers on public governance 25
    Keywords: 2005 - 2012 ; Good Governance ; Gesundheit ; Zufriedenheit ; Welt ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The paper was prepared by John F. Helliwell, Haifang Huang, Shawn Grover and Shun Wang in collaboration with Mario Marcel, Martin Forst and Tatyana Teplova. This paper has three main objectives. The first is to review existing studies of the links between good governance and subjective well-being. The second is to bring together the largest available sets of nationallevel measures of the quality of governance, and to assess the extent to which they contribute to explaining the levels and changes in life evaluations in 157 countries over the years 2005-2012, using data from the Gallup World Poll already analysed in some detail in the World Happiness Report 2013. The third objective is to use subjective well-being research to suggest ways in which governance can be changed so as to improve lives in all countries, as measured by peoples’ own evaluations. The paper starts with a summary of the evidence and policy implications. There follow the four main sections of the paper, a statistical appendix containing a broad range of data and results, and an extensive annotated bibliography of empirical literature linking good governance and subjective well-being.
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  • 33
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (43 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD regional development working papers 2014/02
    Keywords: Öffentlicher Haushalt ; Teilstaat ; Öffentliche Investition ; Öffentliche Dienstleistung ; Institutionenökonomik ; Finanzbeziehungen ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Sub-national governments are key players for public investment, as they are responsible on average for 62% of total public investment in OECD countries. This article analyses the different factors affecting sub-national governments’ fiscal space for public investment. It proposes an indicator for measuring this fiscal space and analyses the evolution of its different components over 2007-2012. The article shows that the global financial crisis and the ensuring consolidation drive have reduced sub-national governments’ fiscal space for public investment, through a downward pressure on revenues, increased expenditure obligations, and constrained capacity to borrow or issue debt on financial markets.
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  • 34
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD corporate governance working papers 14
    Keywords: 1998 - 2012 ; Luftverkehr ; Elektrizitätsversorgung ; Bergbau ; Erdölindustrie ; Telekommunikationsdienst ; Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Multinationales Unternehmen ; Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Welt ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: State-owned and other state-invested enterprises (SIEs) have become more prominent in the global economy over the last decade. A growing role for state-invested enterprises in the marketplace is not in itself onerous. According to an OECD consensus, as expressed through the Organisation’s legal instruments, SOEs can be operated according to similarly high standards of governance, transparency and efficiency as private companies, in which case the ownership issue is moot. However, only some of the world’s most advanced economies, following decades of reform of their SOE sectors, have approached this point. Moreover, when SOEs operate across borders the challenges may multiply. With this background, this paper compares the difference between SIEs and non- SIEs in five sectors: air transportation, electricity, mining, oil & gas and telecommunication. The empirical analysis indicates that, in addition to any financing advantages, large state-invested enterprises also seem to benefit from an unusually favourable position in their home markets. A comparative analysis further shows that, in the course of the last ten years, SIEs have generally enjoyed higher rates of return than comparable private companies. The paper concludes that the growing role of state-invested enterprises in the international marketplace does not yet present a serious macroeconomic challenge. However, since it is likely to keep growing for some time, challenges need to be addressed relatively soon. This makes for a strong case for enhanced policy coordination and information sharing. If legally binding instruments cannot be developed in the near to medium-term to ensure competitive neutrality, consultation mechanisms could be established through which the main players in international trade and investment can exchange views on matters of common concern related to the state in the marketplace. The ultimate purpose would be ensuring that the international trade and investment environment remains open, non-discriminatory and offering a level playing field.
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  • 35
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (23 S.) , graph. Darst., Kt.
    Series Statement: OECD regional development working papers 2014/07
    Keywords: 1995 - 2010 ; Bevölkerungsdichte ; Regionale Wirtschaftsstruktur ; Räumliche Verteilung ; Regionales Wachstum ; Europa ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper analyses the spatial patterns of regional economic growth in Europe over the 1995 to 2010 period. It finds that regions, which contain large urban agglomerations, have been growing significantly faster than those that do not. Furthermore, proximity to large urban agglomerations has been positively correlated to economic growth. Halving travel time to a large urban agglomeration is associated with a 0.2 to 0.4 percentage points increase in annual per capita growth. More generally, the study also shows that measures of population density are positively correlated to growth. Among the different measures, by far the best predictor of growth between 1995 and 2010 is the maximum population density of a region.
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  • 36
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (21 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD regional development working papers 2013/11
    Keywords: Regionales Wachstum ; Produktivität ; Strukturpolitik ; Räumliche Wirkung ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This papers aims to understand the impact of nation-wide structural policies such as product market regulation in six upstream sectors and employment protection legislation and that of macroeconomic factors on the productivity growth of OECD regions. In particular we explore how this effect varies with the productivity gap of regions with their country’s frontier region. We use a policy-augmented growth model that allows us to simultaneously estimate the effects of macroeconomic and structural policies on regional productivity growth controlling for region-specific determinants of growth. We estimate our model with an unbalanced panel dataset consisting of 217 regions from 22 OECD countries covering the period 1995 to 2007. We find a strong statistical negative effect of product market regulation on regional productivity growth in five of the six upstream sectors considered and the effects are differentiated with respect to the productivity gap. Our estimates also reveal that dispersion of policies hurts regional productivity growth suggesting that policy complementarity can boost productivity growth. The effects of employment protection legislation are negative overall and are especially detrimental to productivity growth in lagging regions. The three macroeconomic factors we consider also influence regional performance: inflation has a negative effect on regional growth and government debt has a positive effect on average. When differentiating the effects by the distance to the frontier, trade-openness is more beneficial to lagging regions and the negative effects of inflation are less negative in lagging regions. These results reveal a strong link between nation-wide policies and the productivity of regions, which carries important policy implications, mainly that these effects should be taken into account in the policy design.
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  • 37
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (47 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD corporate governance working papers 9
    Keywords: Corporate Governance ; Unternehmenspublizität ; Geldwäsche ; Rechtsdurchsetzung ; Aktionäre ; Indonesien ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Indonesia ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: A good corporate governance framework should combine transparency, accountability and integrity and this requires knowledge of beneficial ownership. The protection of minority investors and other stakeholder protection will be challenging without access to reliable information about the ownership, including the identity of the controlling owners, and control structures of listed companies. This report assesses the costs, benefits and practicalities of different approaches, suggesting policy options to better identify ultimate beneficial ownership in Indonesia. This report was requested by the Capital Market and Financial Institution Supervisory Agency in Indonesia, Bapepam-LK, in the context of the OECD-Indonesia corporate governance policy dialogue launched in 2011. The objective is to support policy makers and regulators in their efforts to enhance disclosure and enforcement of beneficial ownership and control as part of overall efforts to improve corporate governance standards and practices in Indonesia.
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  • 38
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (36 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD corporate governance working papers 11
    Keywords: Eigentümerstruktur ; Institutioneller Investor ; Corporate Governance ; Aktive Aktionäre ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper provides a framework for analysing the character and degree of ownership engagement by institutional investors. It argues that the general term “institutional investor” in itself doesn’t say very much about the quality or degree of ownership engagement. It is therefore an evasive “shorthand” for policy discussions about ownership engagement. The reason is that there are large differences in ownership engagement between different categories of institutional investors. There are also differences in ownership engagement within the same category of institutional investors such as hedge funds, investment funds, etc. These differences arise from the fact that the degree of ownership engagement is determined by a number of different features and choices that together make up the institutional investor’s “business model”. When ownership engagement is not a central part of the business model, public policies and voluntary standards aiming to improve the quality of ownership engagement among institutional investors are likely to have limited effect. Based on an empirical overview of the relative size of different categories of institutional investors, the paper identifies a set of 7 features and 19 choices that in different combinations define the institutional investor’s business model. These features and choices are then used to establish a taxonomy for identifying different degrees of ownership engagement ranging from “no engagement” to “inside engagement”.
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  • 39
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (53 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD Corporate Governance working papers 6
    Keywords: Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Corporate Governance ; Corporate Social Responsibility ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The overarching question for the government owners of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) is why these companies need to be owned by the state. The OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises provides a “blueprint” for the corporatisation and commercialisation of such enterprises, but it may be assumed that the reason for continued state ownership is that they are expected to act differently from private companies. A relatively clear case occurs when SOEs are established with the purpose of pursuing mostly non-commercial activities. In many cases, their activities might otherwise be carried out by government institutions; the SOE incorporation has been chosen mostly on efficiency grounds.A number of other rationales for public ownership of enterprises have been offered, including: (i) monopolies in sectors where competition and market regulation is not deemed feasible or efficient; (ii) market incumbency, for instance in sectors where competition has been introduced but a state-owned operator remains responsible for public service obligations; (iii) imperfect contracts, where those public service obligations that SOEs are charged with are too complex or malleable to be laid down in service contracts; (iv) industrial policy or development strategies, where SOEs are being used to overcome obstacles to growth or correct market imperfections...
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  • 40
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (67 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD Corporate Governance working papers 7
    Keywords: Corporate Governance ; Rechtsdurchsetzung ; Geldwäsche ; Aktionäre ; Unternehmenspublizität ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Investor confidence in financial markets depends in large part on the existence of an accurate disclosure regime that provides transparency in the beneficial ownership and control structures of publicly listed companies. This is particularly true for corporate governance systems that are characterised by concentrated ownership. On the one hand, large investors with significant voting and cash-flow rights may encourage long-term growth and firm performance. On the other hand, however, controlling beneficial owners with large voting blocks may have incentives to divert corporate assets and opportunities for personal gain at the expense of minority investors.The paper focuses particularly on the misuse of corporate vehicles, which arguably poses a major challenge to good corporate governance. Stakeholder rights (e.g. employees and creditors) cannot be properly exercised if ultimate decision- be identified. The accountability of the board may also be seriously endangered if stakeholders and the general public are unaware of decision-making and ultimate control structures. Finally, regulators and supervisory agencies have a strong interest in knowing beneficial owners – in order to determine the origin of investment flows, to prevent money laundering and tax evasion and to settle issues of corporate accountability.
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  • 41
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (40 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD regional development working papers 2013/02
    Keywords: Länderfinanzen ; Haushaltskonsolidierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Taxation ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Recent crises and national consolidation packages affected sub-national finances. In many OECD countries, central governments introduced reductions in transfers to sub-national governments, and established expenditure and/or deficit objectives to be met by local or regional authorities. Such measures have reduced the financial room of sub-national governments for implementing key public services or investments. In parallel, borrowing conditions deteriorated for many sub-national governments, as banks and financial markets became increasingly reluctant to lend. Since late 2008, financial markets started discriminating between high- and low-quality SNG bonds, and yields reached record-high levels for sub-national governments perceived as less creditworthy. Facing degraded finances, upward pressure on expenditures and deteriorated borrowing conditions, many sub-national governments have used public investment as an adjustment variable to reduce their budget deficits and preserve their spending on welfare, health or education. However, such policies may hinder long-term growth perspectives.
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  • 42
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (33 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD regional development working papers 2013/05
    Keywords: 2007 - 2009 ; Finanzkrise ; Regionalregierung ; Öffentliche Schulden ; Schuldenübernahme ; Finanzpolitik ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The paper explores interrelations between the fiscal situation of sub-national and central governments, or – put differently – whether and how sub-national and central governments contribute to each other’s fiscal difficulties. The first part of the paper examines sub-national government policies that may negatively affect the fiscal situation of the central government. Based on a new cross-country data-set at the level of individual regions, it examines structural factors that increase the probability of sub-national entities accumulating amounts of debt that may ultimately turn out to be unsustainable. The underlying idea is to explore to what degree such debt levels could result from moral hazard-driven behaviour at the regional level. The second part of the paper examines whether and how national governments hand the burden of fiscal adjustment down to sub-national levels, mainly looking at examples from the wave of fiscal adjustments in the wake of the 2007-09 global financial crisis.
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  • 43
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (79 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD corporate governance working papers 10
    Keywords: Aktienmarkt ; Marktstruktur ; Börsengang ; Allokation ; Börse ; Corporate Governance ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This study provides critical observations on the state of key global equity markets as recent developments have put into question their efficiency and effectiveness in facilitating capital formation. It covers the top 26 initial public offering (IPO) producing nations, with a particular focus on stock markets in the United States.
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  • 44
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (70 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD regional development working papers 2013/04
    Keywords: Öffentliche Investition ; Dezentralisierung ; Regionalentwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Growth and jobs are top concerns for policy makers confronting difficult economic conditions in many OECD countries. Sub-national governments are important contributors to national growth, but in many cases their economies are struggling as well. Faced with tight fiscal conditions, all levels of government must achieve policy goals with fewer resources. This is particularly true for public investment, a potentially growth-enhancing form of public expenditure which numerous governments are reducing to meet other (current) financial obligations. Even where public investment is stable or increasing, governments may want to improve returns to public and private investment. On average, nearly two-thirds of public investment in OECD countries occurs at the sub-national level. Clearly then, any discussion of improving returns to investment must address the capacities of sub-national governments to invest effectively. Unfortunately, the implementation of recovery packages across OECD countries revealed that both national and sub-national actors may lack the appropriate tools and governance arrangements to make the best use of investment funds. Taking this finding as its starting point, this paper seeks to 1) identify capacities that enable sub-national governments to design and implement sound public investment strategies for regional development, and 2) provide practical guidance for assessing and strengthening these capacities in a context of multi-level governance.
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  • 45
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (41 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD working papers on public governance 21
    Keywords: Öffentlicher Dienst ; Personalplanung ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Strategic workforce planning is gradually becoming a key priority and core management practice for public sector employees in OECD countries. In times of limited resources, governments are required to demonstrate workforce planning capability to meet current and future challenges for service delivery and to produce efficiency gains. Since experience in workforce planning remains limited, a simple but pragmatic approach that takes into account the national context is recommended. To send consistent messages about financial and human capital resources required to achieve government‘s programmatic goals, workforce planning should be aligned with the budget process. Its success depends on the cooperation between the finance authority, the central Human Resource Management (HRM) body, and line managers in individual ministries and agencies. The implementation of workforce planning continues to present difficulties for practitioners. Therefore, management flexibility, incentives to engage managers, developing workforce planning capability, and revisions to the HRM process are critical to pave the way for a successful implementation. Monitoring and evaluating progress of the workforce plan and its contribution to the programmatic goals should be conducted systematically.
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  • 46
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (59 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD corporate governance working papers 8
    Keywords: Corporate Governance ; Börsengang ; Aktionäre ; Institutioneller Investor ; Kapitalstruktur ; Eigentümerstruktur ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: There are two main sources of confusion in the public corporate governance debate. One is the confusion about the role of public policy intervention. The other is a lack of empirical knowledge about the corporate landscape where rules are supposed to be implemented and the functioning of today’s equity markets, where voting rights and cash flow rights are traded. To mitigate some of this confusion, this paper provides both an analytical framework for the role of public policy and a description of the empirical context that influences the conditions for that policy. It underlines the importance of focusing on the overall economic outcome and, in particular, how rules and regulations impact the conditions for companies to grow and create value by accessing public equity markets. In terms of the empirical context, we point to fundamental changes in the functioning of equity markets that may call for a fresh look at the economic effectiveness of corporate governance regulations. Among other things, we document a dramatic shift in listings from developed to emerging markets over the last decade, which means that concentrated ownership at company level has become the dominant form of ownership in listed companies worldwide. We also discuss whether the lack of new listings of smaller companies in developed markets is related to excessive regulatory burdens and unintended consequences of a decade of profound stock market deregulation. The discussion about listings illustrates that corporate governance rules and regulations do not only affect companies that are already listed. From a policy perspective, it is equally important to assess the implications for unlisted companies that may, in the future, require access to public equity markets for growth and job creation. We also document how the lengthened and ever more complex chain of intermediaries between savers and companies may influence the efficiency of capital allocation and the willingness of investors to take an active long-term interest in the companies that they own. It is shown that institutional investors are a highly heterogeneous group and that their willingness and ability to engage in corporate governance primarily depend on the economic incentives that follow from their different business models, investment strategies and trading practices. We provide examples of how regulatory initiatives to increase shareholder engagement may have unintended consequences, and note that the diversity and complexity of the investment chain can render general policies or regulation ineffective.
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  • 47
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (102 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD corporate governance working papers 12
    Keywords: Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Corporate Governance ; OECD-Staaten ; Kolumbien ; Governance ; Colombia ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report evaluates the corporate governance practices of Colombian SOEs against the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs). The assessment was prepared based on information provided by the Colombian authorities, an analysis of the available literature and interviews with authorities, consultants, academics, and company as well as stakeholder representatives. Following a brief introduction, Part A of the report provides information about the context in which Colombian SOEs operate, including the main aspects of the regulatory framework and its key actors. Part B refers successively to the different chapters of the Guidelines, evaluating Colombian norms and practices in their light. The final section sets out the report’s conclusions and recommendations. Complementary information can be found in the five annexes. The review was prepared at the request of the Colombian authorities and approved by the OECD Working Party on State Ownership and Privatisation Practices.
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  • 48
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (41 S.)
    Series Statement: OECD working papers on public governance 24
    Keywords: Politische Instabilität ; Katastrophe ; Krisenmanagement ; Social Web ; Governance ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report highlights the changing landscape of risk and crisis communications and in particular how social media can be a beneficial tool, but also create challenges for crisis managers. It explores different practices of risk and crisis communications experts related to the use of social media and propose a framework for monitoring the development of practices among countries in the use of social media for risk and crisis communications. The three step process spans passive to dynamic use of social media, and provides governments a self-assessment tool to enable cross country comparison to monitor and track progress in the uptake of effective use of social media by emergency services or crisis managers.
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  • 49
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (60 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD working papers on public governance 22
    Keywords: E-Government ; Informationsmanagement ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Open Government Data (OGD) initiatives, and in particular the development of OGD portals, have proliferated since the mid-2000s both at central and local government levels in OECD and non OECD countries. Understanding the preconditions that enable the efficient and effective implementation of these initiatives is essential for achieving their overall objectives. This is especially true in terms of the role played by OGD in relation to Open Government policies in general. This paper highlights the main principles, concepts and criteria framing open government data initiatives and the issues challenging their implementation. It underlines the opportunities that OGD and data analytics may offer policy makers, while providing a note of caution on the challenges this agenda poses for the public sector. Finally, the overall analysis of key concepts and issues aims to pave the way for an empirical analysis of OGD initiatives. So far, little has been done to analyse and prove the impact and accrued value of these initiatives. The paper suggests a methodology comprising an analytical framework for OGD initiatives (to be applied to ex post and ex ante analysis of initiatives) and a related set of data to be collected across OECD countries. The application of the analytical framework and the collection of data would enable the acquisition of a solid body of evidence that could ultimately lead to mapping initiatives across OECD countries (i.e. a typography of initiatives) and developing a common set of metrics to consistently assess impact and value creation within and across countries.
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (24 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD working papers on public governance 23
    Keywords: Politische Instabilität ; Staatskrise ; Governance ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Governments are confronted with crises that may spread beyond national borders and trigger significant economic knock-on effects. Managing crises is a key responsibility for governments, which have a crucial role to play to strengthen the resilience of their population, communities and critical infrastructure networks. The paper highlights the changing landscape of crises with which governments are confronted today, discussing new approaches to deal with both traditional and novel crises. The paper invites a reflection on how best governments can adapt to change while still maintaining capabilities to deal with more classic crises. It concludes with identifying five cross-cutting issues in crisis management where government should pay attention when framing their policies and practices: an overall crisis governance framework, the role of science and expertise, leadership issues, the governance of response networks, and international cooperation. International exchange of experiences among governments and the development of shared best practices are core objectives for the OECD High Level Risk Forum under which the paper was prepared.
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  • 51
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD working papers on public governance 20
    Keywords: Öffentliche Ausgaben ; Datenbank ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Governance ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The Budgeting and Public Expenditures Division of the Public Governance and Territorial Development Directorate of the OECD has developed a database of public expenditures according to spending purpose. The classification used resembles closely the international COFOG classification and is therefore called “COFOG-Special”. The database includes general government and all sub-sectors (central government, states, local government, and social security). In addition, a new approach has been developed for the estimation of employment in the public domain, as part of the work programme of the Public Employment and Management Working Party of the Public Governance Committee. The new approach is consistent with the National Accounts. In 2007, the expenditure database and the employment database were merged, and extended with revenues data. The COFOG-Special classification was maintained. The merged database was renamed the Public Finance and Employment Database (PFED) and is intended as a research tool for future OECD work and for use by the worldwide research community. This manual describes the contents of the PFED, explains the COFOG-Special classification, and contains an exhaustive treatment of the methodology.
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  • 52
    ISBN: 9789264064843
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei) , graph. Darst.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2010 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Dedicated public-private partnership units
    RVK:
    Keywords: Public-private sector cooperation ; Public Private Partnership ; Einrichtung ; Governance
    Note: Also available in French: Les unités consacrées aux partenariats public-privé : Une étude des structures institutionnelles et de gouvernance , Includes bibliographical references and index , Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Les unités consacrées aux partenariats public-privé , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    ISBN: 9789264082939
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 251 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2011 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: OECD reviews of regulatory reform
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Risk and regulatory policy
    DDC: 331
    Keywords: Risk management Government policy ; Risk management ; Öffentlicher Sektor ; Risikogesellschaft ; Governance ; Risikoanalyse ; Risikomanagement ; Krisenmanagement ; Politische Steuerung
    Abstract: We expect governments to protect citizens from the adverse consequences of hazardous events. At the same time it is not possible or necessarily in the best interest of citizens for all risks to be removed. A risk-based approach to the design and implementation of regulation can help to ensure that regulatory approaches are efficient, effective and account for risk/risk tradeoffs across policy objectives. Risk-based approaches to the design of regulation and compliance strategies can improve the welfare of citizens by providing better protection, more efficient government services and reduced c
    Note: "This publication was prepared by Gregory Bounds ... and Nikolai Malyshev"--P. 4 , Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    ISBN: 9789264067851
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei) , graph. Darst.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2010 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Building transparent tax compliance by banks
    Keywords: Banks and banking Taxation ; Steuerplanung ; Kreditwesen ; Governance ; Steuervermeidung ; Bank ; Risikomanagement
    Note: Includes annexes , Includes bibliographical references , Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Vers une discipline fiscale transparente dans le secteur bancaire , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 55
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 126 S., 1,89 MB)
    Series Statement: Development Centre studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Arndt-Bascle, Christiane Uses and abuses of governance indicators
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Sozialer Indikator ; Entwicklungsländer ; Schwellenländer ; Governance-Ansatz ; Corporate governance ; Economic development ; Developing countries Politics and government ; Entwicklungsländer ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Politische Stabilität ; Indikator ; Governance
    Abstract: Rapidly rising attention to the quality of governance in developing countries is driving explosive growth in the use of governance "indicators" by international investors, donors of official development assistance, development analysts and academics. This study helps them find their way through the jungle of existing governance indicators, and shows how they tend to be widely misused both in international comparisons and in tracking changes in individual countries. It also explains recent developments in the supply of governance indicators, arguing that while there will never be one perfect governance indicator, the production and use of more transparent governance indicators will better serve the needs of users and developing countries alike.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Les indicateurs de gouvernance
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