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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (188)
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  • OECD  (190)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Taming wildfires in the context of climate change: The case of the United States (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Environment Policy Papers no.40
    Keywords: Feuer ; Klimawandel ; Brandschutz ; USA ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Environment ; Governance ; United States
    Abstract: The frequency and severity of extreme wildfires are on the rise in the United States, causing unprecedented disruption and increasingly challenging the country’s capacity to contain losses and damages. These challenges are set to keep growing in the context of climate change, highlighting the need to scale up wildfire prevention and climate change adaptation. This paper provides an overview of the United States’ wildfire policies and practices and assesses the extent to which wildfire management in the country is evolving to adapt to growing wildfire risk under climate change.
    DOI: 10.1787/ef69cc94-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Building a Skilled Cyber Security Workforce in Europe : Insights from France, Germany and Poland (2024)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264478763 , 9789264872738 , 9789264489943
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (117 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Keywords: Datensicherheit ; Bildungspolitik ; Qualifikation ; IT-Kriminalität ; Frankreich ; Deutschland ; Polen ; Education ; Employment ; Science and Technology ; France ; Germany ; Poland
    Abstract: In an increasingly digital world, the significance of cyber security for individuals, businesses, and governments has never been greater. Rising cyber attacks are challenging current defence and operational capabilities, highlighting a critical shortage of skilled cyber security professionals. This report delves into the demand for cyber security expertise by analysing online job postings in France, Germany and Poland in between 2018 and 2023. It examines trends in the demand for cyber security professionals, the geographical distribution of job opportunities, and the changing skill requirements in this field. Focusing on France, the report also explores cyber security education and training programmes, the characteristics of the programmes, the demographics of enrolled learners, and their outcomes. Additionally, it reviews French policies and initiatives aimed at broadening the cyber security workforce and enhancing educational opportunities in this field. This comprehensive analysis is part of a larger effort to understand the evolving landscape of cyber security policies and professional experiences worldwide.
    DOI: 10.1787/3673cd60-en
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    EU Country Cancer Profile: Germany 2023 (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264843240
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: EU Country Cancer Profiles
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Länderprofile Krebs: Deutschland 2023
    Keywords: Krebskrankheit ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheit ; Deutschland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany ; Statistik ; Amtliche Publikation
    Abstract: This profile identifies strengths, challenges and specific areas of action on cancer prevention and care in Germany as part of the European Cancer Inequalities Registry, a flagship initiative of Europe’s Beating Cancer Plan. It provides a short synthesis of: the national cancer burden; risk factors for cancer (focusing on behavioural and environmental risk factors); early detection programmes; and cancer care performance (focusing on accessibility, care quality, costs and the impact of COVID-19 on cancer care).
    DOI: 10.1787/fcc8586e-en
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Benefit Reforms for Inclusive Societies in the United States : Income Security During Joblessness (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264622173 , 9789264626126 , 9789264859616
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (111 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Arbeitslosigkeit ; Öffentliche Sozialleistungen ; Arbeitslosenversicherung ; USA ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United States
    Abstract: Protecting people, rather than specific jobs, plays a key role in promoting labour-market inclusiveness and dynamism. Effective unemployment benefits reduce inequality, and facilitate a good match between workers’ skills and job requirements. They are a crucial policy lever for adapting to the major societal, technological and environmental transitions of our time. This report on the United States is the second of a number of OECD country reviews of income support policies. Each report analyses key policy challenges, discusses recent reform initiatives, and identifies good practices from other OECD countries. The report examines the reach and generosity of unemployment insurance and other income support for working age households, with a special focus on disadvantaged labour market groups. What are key gaps in benefit receipt between wage- and salaried employees and non-standard workers (part-time workers, those on temporary contracts, and self-employed workers including own-account workers)? What factors, including race/ethnicity and gender, drive non-entitlement to unemployment compensation? The report examines these questions, considers the impact of recent extensions to the unemployment insurance programme in response to the COVID pandemic, and outlines policy directions for strengthening out-of-work support.
    DOI: 10.1787/32d8f005-en
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Reshaping Decentralised Development Co-operation in Germany (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264395183 , 9789264978065 , 9789264908420
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (127 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Urban Studies
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Dezentralisierung ; Deutschland ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Germany
    Abstract: German federal states and municipalities have engaged in decentralised development co-operation (DDC) since the 1950s. Germany provides over half of total official development assistance (ODA) in the world that is channelled as DDC. However, most of this support remains within German borders. To incentivise further international partnerships, the federal government has established dedicated programmes and financial support schemes for states and municipalities. This report presents key data on the DDC landscape in Germany and offers guidance on how to strengthen its role in enabling peer-to-peer learning and improve collaboration between German states and municipalities. It also showcases how to further raise awareness about the mutual benefits of DDC partnerships, including through better ODA data reporting and a harmonised approach to monitoring and evaluating its results across levels of government.
    DOI: 10.1787/afedb776-en
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Future of Rural Manufacturing (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264572225 , 9789264361850 , 9789264433472
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (182 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Rural Studies
    Keywords: Ländliche Industrie ; Slowenien ; Deutschland ; Italien ; Frankreich ; Ländlicher Raum ; Economics ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services ; Governance
    Abstract: The Future of Rural Manufacturing provides insights on the transformations that have occurred in manufacturing across rural regions in recent decades. It describes opportunities and challenges in this context, highlighting those relating to climate and demographic change and digitalisation, as well as shifting patterns in globalisation. With support from the European Commission, the project combines a wide range of both quantitative and qualitative analysis. The former examines broad trends in manufacturing performance across OECD rural (TL3) regions between 2000 and 2019, with deeper dives that draw on more granular microdata in 14 OECD countries. Case studies were conducted across 12 regions in Slovenia, Germany, Italy, and France. They comprised interviews with over 300 local, regional, and national actors across government, private sector, universities, research institutes, NGOs and non-profit community organisations. The project also benefited from foresight and futures workshops conducted in January and July 2022 with experts and policymakers across OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/e065530c-en
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bricks, Taxes and Spending : Solutions for Housing Equity across Levels of Government (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264464940 , 9789264449527 , 9789264980433
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Fiscal Federalism Studies
    Keywords: Wohneigentum ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; Grundsteuer ; Einkommensverteilung ; Südkorea ; Norwegen ; USA ; Belgien ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Taxation ; Governance ; Belgium ; Korea, Republic of ; Norway ; United States
    Abstract: This report addresses housing inequities through a series of analytical chapters and case studies. The cross-country chapters examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on housing demand, develop a proposal for a green land value tax, evaluate the dynamics between fiscal autonomy and housing supply responsiveness, as well as explore the drivers of inter-regional migration. The case studies unravel the changes of Korea's progressive national property tax and a programme to address regional imbalances, assess the impact of the US property tax system on housing, dive into Norway's property taxation in relation to inequality, as well as survey Belgium's approaches to housing policy. With a blend of empirical data and critical analysis, the report underscores the pressing need for comprehensive strategies in addressing housing inequities. It also offers insights for policymakers and scholars, highlighting the complex balance between national and local housing policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/7a22f9a6-en
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Germany 2023 (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264596863 , 9789264665897 , 9789264369009
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (160 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD-Umweltprüfberichte: Deutschland 2023
    Keywords: Umweltpolitik ; Umweltschutz ; Deutschland ; Energy ; Environment ; Transport ; Germany
    Abstract: Germany has continued to improve its environmental performance over the past decade. It has ambitious climate targets with the aim to reach climate neutrality by 2045 and achieve negative emissions after 2050. Nevertheless, Germany will need to further accelerate climate action, particularly in the buildings and transport sectors, and address the triple crisis of energy, climate and biodiversity in an integrated and holistic manner. As part of its energy crisis response, Germany has taken a series of measures, which are historic in size and scope. They are set to massively accelerate its green energy transition in the coming years. It is also scaling up its engagement on climate change adaptation across all government levels and has initiated an ambitious programme to foster investments in nature-based solutions. This is the fourth OECD Environmental Performance Review of Germany. It provides 28 recommendations to help Germany further improve its environmental performance.
    DOI: 10.1787/f26da7da-en
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: United States 2023 (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264273498 , 9789264665484 , 9789264580060
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (169 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Keywords: Umweltpolitik ; Umweltschutz ; USA ; Energy ; Environment ; Governance ; Development ; United States ; Amtliche Publikation
    Abstract: The United States, the world’s largest economy, has made progress in reducing several environmental pressures while maintaining one of the highest Gross Domestic Products per capita in the world. It has decoupled emissions of greenhouse gases, air pollutants, water abstractions and domestic material consumption from economic and population growth. However, high consumption levels, intensive agricultural practices, climate change and urban sprawl continue to put pressure on the natural environment. Despite the recent acceleration of action to address climate change, further efforts are needed to achieve the goal of net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. The United States is also among the major contributors to marine litter with serious consequences for communities and the environment. The review provides 30 recommendations to help the United States improve its environmental performance, with a special focus on marine litter and a cross-cutting focus on environmental justice. This is the third Environmental Performance Review of the United States. It provides an independent, evidence-based evaluation of the country’s environmental performance over the past decade.
    DOI: 10.1787/47675117-en
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Building a Skilled Cyber Security Workforce in Five Countries : Insights from Australia, Canada, New Zealand, United Kingdom, and United States (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264338395 , 9789264475915 , 9789264854055
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (127 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Keywords: IT-Sicherheit ; IT-Berufe ; Bildungspolitik ; Technologiepolitik ; Australien ; Kanada ; Neuseeland ; Großbritannien ; USA ; Employment ; Science and Technology ; Australia ; Canada ; New Zealand ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Abstract: As societies become increasingly digital, cyber security has become a priority for individuals, companies and nations. The number of cyber attacks is exceeding defence capabilities, and one reason for this is the lack of an adequately skilled cyber security workforce. This report analyses the demand for cyber security professionals in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States using information contained in online job postings. The analysis looks at recent trends in the demand for workers in different types of cyber security roles, the geographical distribution of cyber security job postings, and the changing skill requirements for professionals in this field. The report also looks at the supply side, zooming in on the landscape of cyber security education and training programmes in England (United Kingdom). It describes the different types of programmes provided in further and higher education, the profile of learners in these programmes and their outcomes. Finally, the report also looks at policies and initiatives adopted in England to make cyber security education and training programmes more accessible and relevant. This report is part of a larger initiative examining the evolution of policies and experiences in the cyber security profession around the world.
    DOI: 10.1787/5fd44e6c-en
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Road to LGBTI+ Inclusion in Germany : Progress at the Federal and Länder Levels (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264946477
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Homosexualität ; Geschlecht ; Gleichstellungspolitik ; Soziale Integration ; Deutschland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Employment ; Germany
    Abstract: This report is the first country review undertaken as part of the OECD work on LGBTI+ inclusion. It explores legal and policy progress towards LGBTI+ equality in Germany at both the national and subnational levels, and identifies good practices. The report first investigates the life situation of LGBTI+ Germans by presenting the most up-to-date data on the share of Germans who self-identify as LGBTI+, evaluating the extent to which LGBTI+ Germans face discrimination and violence, and assessing how this population fares in terms of well-being, mental and physical health. The report then examines whether laws critical to achieving LGBTI+ equality have been passed and how LGBTI+ equality in Germany could be further improved through legislation. Finally, beyond laws, the report focuses on policy achievements towards LGBTI+ equality, by distinguishing between remedial policies, aimed at enforcing antidiscrimination and anti-violence laws, and preventive policies, aimed at fostering a culture of equal treatment of LGBTI+ individuals at school, in the workplace, and in healthcare.
    DOI: 10.1787/977b463a-en
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD-Umweltprüfberichte: Deutschland 2023 (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264703315 , 9789264929364 , 9789264583337
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (171 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD-Umweltprüfberichte
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Germany 2023
    Keywords: Umweltpolitik ; Umweltschutz ; Deutschland ; Energy ; Environment ; Transport ; Germany
    Abstract: Die Umweltergebnisse haben sich in Deutschland in den vergangenen zehn Jahren weiter verbessert. Das Land verfolgt ehrgeizige Klimaziele, um bis 2045 Klimaneutralität und nach 2050 Negativemissionen zu erreichen. Dennoch muss Deutschland seine Klimamaßnahmen vor allem im Gebäude- und im Verkehrssektor weiter beschleunigen und sich ganzheitlich mit der Energie-, Klima- und Biodiversitätskrise auseinandersetzen. Als Reaktion auf die Energiekrise wurde eine Reihe von Maßnahmen ergriffen, deren Größenordnung und Reichweite historisch sind. Diese dürften die Energiewende in den kommenden Jahren deutlich schneller voranbringen. Außerdem verstärkt Deutschland sein Engagement in der Klimaanpassung auf allen staatlichen Ebenen und hat ein ehrgeiziges Förderprogramm für Investitionen in naturbasierte Lösungen aufgelegt. Dies ist die vierte Ausgabe des OECD-Umweltprüfberichts Deutschland. Er enthält 28 Empfehlungen, die Deutschland helfen sollen, seine Umweltergebnisse weiter zu verbessern.
    DOI: 10.1787/9a336992-de
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Länderprofile Krebs: Deutschland 2023 (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264533226
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe EU Country Cancer Profile: Germany 2023
    Keywords: Krebskrankheit ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheit ; Deutschland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany ; Amtliche Publikation ; Statistik
    Abstract: Mit den Länderprofilen Krebs werden in Bezug auf die 27 EU-Mitgliedstaaten sowie Island und Norwegen Stärken, Herausforderungen und spezifische Maßnahmenbereiche aufgezeigt, die als Richtschnur für Investitionen und Interventionen auf EU-, nationaler und regionaler Ebene im Rahmen von Europas Plan gegen den Krebs dienen können. Jedes Länder-Krebs-Profil bietet eine kurze Synthese von: der nationalen Krebsbelastung, den Risikofaktoren für Krebs (wobei der Schwerpunkt auf verhaltensbedingten und umweltbedingten Risikofaktoren liegt) ; den Früherkennungsprogrammen ; den Leistungen der Krebsversorgung (wobei der Schwerpunkt auf Zugänglichkeit, Versorgungsqualität, Kosten und den Auswirkungen von COVID-19 auf die Krebsversorgung lieg).
    DOI: 10.1787/435ea60e-de
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Germany: Country Health Profile 2023 (2023)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264898615
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Deutschland: Ländergesundheitsprofil 2023
    Keywords: Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Mental Health ; Deutschland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-focused overview of the state of health and the healthcare system in Germany, as a part of the broader series of Country Health Profiles from the State of Health in the EU initiative. It presents a succinct analysis encompassing the following key aspects: the current health status in Germany; the determinants of health, focusing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the German healthcare system; and an evaluation of the health system's effectiveness, accessibility, and resilience. Moreover, the 2023 edition presents a thematic section on the state of mental health and associated services in Germany. This profile is the collaborative effort of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, carried out in cooperation with the European Commission.
    DOI: 10.1787/21dd4679-en
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Landscape of Providers of Vocational Education and Training (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264682542 , 9789264444492 , 9789264892231
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (54 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Vocational Education and Training
    Keywords: Berufsbildung ; Bildungseinrichtung ; Australien ; Dänemark ; Deutschland ; Niederlande ; Schweden ; Education ; Australia ; Denmark ; Germany ; Netherlands ; Sweden
    Abstract: Vocational education and training (VET) is an important part of education systems around the world. VET systems differ widely between countries in how programmes are designed and delivered. Moreover, countries differ in terms of the types of providers that deliver VET. This report looks at the VET provider landscape in Australia, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands and Sweden. It provides insights into the number of different providers by country, their focus areas and target populations. It describes how providers are different and how they overlap, as well as structures and initiatives to foster co-ordination between them.
    DOI: 10.1787/a3641ff3-en
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Multi-level governance for migrant integration : Policy instruments from Austria, Canada, France, Germany and Italy (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (73 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Regional Development Papers no.24
    Keywords: Migrationspolitik ; Migranten ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Flüchtlinge ; Soziale Integration ; Österreich ; Kanada ; Frankreich ; Deutschland ; Italien ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Austria ; Canada ; France ; Germany ; Italy
    Abstract: Comprehensive and coordinated action across levels of government responsible for different policy domains (labour, education, housing and welfare/health) as well as across local actors is crucial to migrant integration. To respond to this need for co-ordination, different policy instruments are mobilised by countries. This paper presents six of them, to illustrate three categories of practices supporting migrant integration through better multi-level co-ordination: · Reinforcing co-ordination (financial, human, technical) between levels of governments and private actors such as businesses or non-governmental organisations to foster migrant integration and retention: The Canadian Atlantic Immigration Pilot (AIP) and the French Territorial Contracts for the Reception and Integration of Refugees (CTAIR); · Resolving information and evaluation asymmetries: Vienna (Austria) Integration and Diversity Monitor and the German Network IQ; · Illustrating the positive externalities of territorial development and investment programmes on migrant integration and social cohesion: The Italian Inner Areas Strategy and the French Urban Policy.
    DOI: 10.1787/efeeda9d-en
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  • 17
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    Policies to Support Green Entrepreneurship : Building a Hub for Green Entrepreneurship in Denmark (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264565470 , 9789264898431 , 9789264354555
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (83 Seiten) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Keywords: Gründungsförderung ; Unternehmer ; Umweltwirtschaft ; Umwelttechnik ; Dänemark ; Kanada ; Deutschland ; Israel ; Gründungsförderung ; Unternehmer ; Umweltwirtschaft ; Umwelttechnik ; Dänemark ; Kanada ; Deutschland ; Israel ; Employment ; Industry and Services ; Environment ; Governance ; Canada ; Denmark ; Germany ; Israel
    Abstract: Combatting climate change is among the most critical issues on the global policy agenda. The transition towards a greener economy will require a pivot towards more sustainable production processes and consumption patterns. Entrepreneurs have the potential to be a major driving force behind this effort through their capacity to develop and propagate innovative green solutions. To unlock this potential, it is crucial for policy makers to implement appropriate policies and measures that enable green entrepreneurs to thrive. This report identifies lessons from international policy practices in stimulating and supporting green entrepreneurship from three case study countries – Canada, Germany and Israel – to inform Denmark about effective policy practices and pitfalls to avoid as it implements initiatives to strengthen its green transition. Recommendations are offered across a number of areas such as promoting greater co-ordination between relevant policy actors, strengthening specialised support for green entrepreneurs and building green markets.
    DOI: 10.1787/e92b1946-en
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  • 18
    Online Resource
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    OECD Development Co‑operation Peer Reviews: United States 2022 (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264922600 , 9789264967731 , 9789264463127
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (68 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Examens de l'OCDE sur la coopération pour le développement : États-Unis 2022
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; USA ; Development ; United States
    Abstract: The OECD’s Development Assistance Committee (DAC) conducts peer reviews of individual members once every five to six years. Reviews seek to improve the quality and effectiveness of members’ development co-operation, highlighting good practices and recommending improvements. The United States has led with substantial ODA contributions in response to multiple crises. Twenty-one US government agencies programme and deliver foreign assistance. USAID systematically incorporates collaboration, learning and adapting in its programme cycle and works to increase diversity, equity and inclusion by championing locally-led approaches. This peer review provides a set of recommendations for the United States to mitigate negative transboundary effects of its policies, promote more flexible budget appropriations in line with needs, equip its development finance institution to deliver and adopt a clearer approach to multilateral partnerships. It recommends that the United States puts development effectiveness at the heart of localisation, reinforce human resources, and consider conflict prevention in all country programmes.
    DOI: 10.1787/6da3a74e-en
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  • 19
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    Improving Early Equity : From Evidence to Action (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264736535 , 9789264982369 , 9789264440340
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Jugendpolitik ; Chancengleichheit ; Kinderbetreuung ; Grundschule ; England ; Estland ; USA ; OECD-Staaten ; Education
    Abstract: Early equity for disadvantaged children can be achieved through nurturing, high quality early learning environments. However, without deliberate action, disadvantaged children face a 12 month development gap compared to their more advantaged peers in key early learning areas such as emergent literacy. Data based on direct assessments from 7,000 children in England, Estonia and the United States show what it takes to achieve a level playing field for disadvantaged children. These actions include supporting parents to regularly read with their children, having back-and-forth conversations and providing access to developmentally appropriate books. Links between parents and their early childhood education and care (ECEC) centre are also positively linked to children’s early development, as well as the provision and quality of ECEC. The latter includes a holistic approach to ensure children’s social-emotional skills are fostered, such as curiosity and co-operation, and ensuring children have a level of autonomy over their activities.
    DOI: 10.1787/6eff314c-en
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    OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Germany 2022 : Building Agility for Successful Transitions (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264522749 , 9789264671560 , 9789264958876
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (346 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD-Berichte zur Innovationspolitik: Deutschland 2022: Agile Ansätze für erfolgreiche Transformationen
    Keywords: Technologiepolitik ; Deutschland ; Industry and Services ; Science and Technology ; Germany
    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic and the Ukraine war have revealed vulnerabilities in Germany’s economic model: undiversified energy supply, an over-reliance on fossil fuels, delayed digitalisation and disruptable supply chains. Digital technologies may significantly disrupt manufacturing industries Germany has dominated for decades, threatening future competitiveness. The green transition also requires significant industrial transformations. Germany can call upon one of the world’s most advanced innovation systems in dealing with these challenges, but a new more agile and experimental approach to STI policy is needed. This Review outlines how to develop such an approach and what STI policies need to focus on: create markets for future innovations, more significant and more risk-tolerant finance for innovation, inter-disciplinary knowledge exchange, improved data infrastructure and capabilities. Given the internationally shared challenges of dealing with transitions, the insights presented in the review will be of interest to policymakers, stakeholders and analysts from Germany and across the OECD.
    DOI: 10.1787/50b32331-en
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  • 21
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    OECD-Berichte zur Innovationspolitik: Deutschland 2022 : Agile Ansätze für erfolgreiche Transformationen (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264383036 , 9789264884533 , 9789264986152
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (374 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Germany 2022: Building Agility for Successful Transitions
    Keywords: Technologiepolitik ; Deutschland ; Industry and Services ; Science and Technology ; Germany
    Abstract: Die Coronapandemie und der Krieg in der Ukraine haben Schwachstellen in Deutschlands Wirtschaftsmodell aufgezeigt: zu wenig diversifizierte Energieversorgung, zu starke Abhängigkeit von fossilen Energieträgern, zu langsame Digitalisierung und störanfällige Lieferketten. Die digitalen Technologien können im Verarbeitenden Gewerbe, in dem Deutschland seit Jahrzehnten eine führende Stellung einnimmt, zu erheblichen disruptiven Veränderungen führen und die künftige Wettbewerbsfähigkeit gefährden. Darüber hinaus verlangt die ökologische Transformation der Industrie große Anpassungsmaßnahmen ab. Deutschland kann auf eines der fortschrittlichsten Innovationssysteme der Welt zurückgreifen, um diese Herausforderungen zu bewältigen, im Bereich der WTI-Politik ist jedoch ein agilerer Ansatz mit mehr Experimentierfreude erforderlich. Der OECD-Bericht zur Innovationspolitik: Deutschland 2022 beschreibt, wie ein solcher Ansatz entwickelt werden kann und worauf sich die WTI-Politik konzentrierten sollte: die Schaffung von Märkten für künftige Innovationen, umfangreichere und risikotolerantere Finanzierung für Innovationen, interdisziplinärer Wissensaustausch sowie bessere Dateninfrastruktur und -kapazitäten. Da die mit den Transformationen verbundenen Herausforderungen auch andere Länder betreffen, dürften die in diesem Bericht dargelegten Erkenntnisse nicht nur für politische Entscheidungsträger*innen, beteiligte Akteure und Politikberater*innen in Deutschland, sondern auch für andere OECD-Länder von großem Interesse sein.
    DOI: 10.1787/9d21d68b-de
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  • 22
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    The Role of Firms in the Gender Wage Gap in Germany (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264494114 , 9789264685505 , 9789264488540
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (81 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Gender Equality at Work
    Keywords: Lohnstruktur ; Geschlechterdiskriminierung ; Vergütungssystem ; Personalmanagement ; Deutschland ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany
    Abstract: This review contributes to a better understanding of the gender wage gap in Germany and puts forward key elements of a policy package to reduce gender pay gaps. It provides a detailed analysis of the role of firms in the gender wage gap by focusing on the pay gap between similarly skilled men and women between and within firms. The within-firm component captures differences in pay between men and women within firms related to differences in tasks and responsibilities, or differences in pay for work of equal value (e.g. bargaining, discrimination). The between-firm component captures the role of differences in pay between firms (unrelated to workforce composition) due to the tendency of women to work in low-wage firms. The review analyses gender differences in job mobility and the earnings consequences of career breaks following childbirth to shed light on the evolution of the gender wage gap across the working life. To put results for Germany in context, they are systematically benchmarked to those of four nearby countries (i.e. Denmark, France, the Netherlands and Sweden). The policy discussion extends the empirical analysis by putting forward a comprehensive policy package with an emphasis on policies targeted at firms.
    DOI: 10.1787/e8623d6f-en
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  • 23
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    Preparing Vocational Teachers and Trainers : Case Studies on Entry Requirements and Initial Training (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264436657
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (135 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Vocational Education and Training
    Keywords: Lehrkräfte ; Berufsbildung ; Berufsbildende Schule ; Kanada ; Deutschland ; Niederlande ; Norwegen ; Education ; Canada ; Denmark ; Germany ; Netherlands ; Norway
    Abstract: Teachers and in-company trainers are central to vocational education and training (VET), as they support the school-to-work transitions of learners from diverse backgrounds. VET teachers develop learners’ skills in school-based settings, while in-company trainers support learners during their time in work-based learning. Countries use different strategies to ensure an adequate supply of well-prepared VET teachers and trainers. This report focuses on two aspects: entry requirements for the VET teaching and training profession to ensure quality and consistency; and initial education and training for VET teachers and trainers to ensure that they are well-prepared when taking up their role. It draws lessons from policies and practices in Canada, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands and Norway for developing a skilled teaching and training workforce through entry requirements and training, while maintaining sufficient flexibility.
    DOI: 10.1787/c44f2715-en
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    Continuing education and training in Germany (2021)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264328440 , 9789264835603 , 9789264683204
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (179 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Getting Skills Right
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Continuing education and training in Germany
    Keywords: Berufsbildung ; Weiterbildung ; Deutschland ; Education ; Employment ; Germany
    Abstract: Germany has a strong skill development system. The country’s 15‑year‑old students performed above the OECD average in the last (2018) edition of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), continuing a trend of significant improvement since PISA’s first edition in 2000. Its adult population also has above‑average literacy and numeracy skills, according to the OECD Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC). A strong and well-respected vocational education and training system is seen as one of the success factors behind these achievements. However, participation in learning beyond initial education lags behind other high-performing OECD countries and varies considerably across different groups of the population. This is problematic in a rapidly changing labour market, where participation in continuing education and training is a precondition for individuals, enterprises and economies to harness the benefits of these changes. This report assesses the current state of the German continuing education and training (CET) system. It examines how effectively and efficiently the system prepares people and enterprises for the changes occurring in the world of work, and identifies what changes are necessary to make the CET system more future ready. The report makes recommendations for the further development of the CET system based on international good practice.
    DOI: 10.1787/1f552468-en
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  • 25
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    Building Agricultural Resilience to Natural Hazard-induced Disasters : Insights from Country Case Studies (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264911260 , 9789264348738 , 9789264752788
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (174 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Katastrophenschutz ; Katastrophe ; Landwirtschaft ; Coping-Strategie ; Chile ; Italien ; Japan ; Namibia ; Neuseeland ; Türkei ; USA ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Chile ; Italy ; Japan ; Namibia ; New Zealand ; Turkey ; United States
    Abstract: Natural hazard-induced disasters (NHID), such as floods, droughts, severe storms, and animal pests and diseases have significant, widespread and long-lasting impacts on agricultural sectors around the world. With climate change set to amplify many of these impacts, a “business-as-usual” approach to disaster risk management in agriculture cannot continue if we are to meet the challenges of agricultural productivity and sustainability growth, and sustainable development. Drawing from seven case studies – Chile, Italy, Japan, Namibia, New Zealand, Turkey and the United States – this joint OECD-FAO report argues for a new approach to building resilience to NHID in agriculture. It explores the policy measures, governance arrangements, on-farm strategies and other initiatives that countries are using to increase agricultural resilience to NHID, highlighting emerging good practices. It offers concrete recommendations on what more needs to be done to shift from coping with the impacts of disasters, to an ex ante approach that focuses on preventing and mitigating the impacts of disasters, helping the sector be better prepared to respond to disasters, and to adapt and transform in order to be better positioned for future disasters.
    DOI: 10.1787/49eefdd7-en
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    Pricing Long-term Care for Older Persons (2021)
    Geneva : World Health Organization ;
    Details
    ISBN: 9789240033771
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (374 p.)
    Keywords: Altenhilfe ; Häusliche Pflege ; Pflegeheim ; Pflegefinanzierung ; Pflegeversicherung ; Australien ; Deutschland ; Frankreich ; Japan ; Südkorea ; Niederlande ; Spanien ; Schweden ; USA ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This study focuses on financing for long-term care (LTC). LTC involves a range of services including medical and nursing care, personal care services, assistance services and social services that help people live independently or in residential settings when they can no longer carry out routine activities on their own. The objectives of this study are to describe experiences in financing and price setting and how pricing has been used to attain better coverage, quality, financial protection, and outcomes in LTC. Pricing is not only about covering the costs of service delivery, it is also an important policy tool that provides the right incentives to ensure that budgetary goals are met, to promote quality, to increase equity, and to foster coordination and integration with health services.
    DOI: 10.1787/a25246a6-en
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  • 27
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    Deutschland: Länderprofil Gesundheit 2021 (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264865310
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Germany: Country Health Profile 2021
    Keywords: 2010-2020 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Coronavirus ; Deutschland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany ; Amtsdruckschrift
    DOI: 10.1787/33663583-de
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    Germany: Country Health Profile 2021 (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264624856
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Deutschland: Länderprofil Gesundheit 2021
    Keywords: 2010-2020 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Coronavirus ; Deutschland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Germany as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This edition has a special focus on the impact of COVID‑19. This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
    DOI: 10.1787/e4c56532-en
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  • 29
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    Gleiche Rechte und Chancen für LGBTI – nicht erst hinter dem Regenbogen (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264540613 , 9789264770409 , 9789264467491
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (240 Seiten) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Over the Rainbow? The Road to LGBTI Inclusion
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Hors d’atteinte ? La route vers l’intégration des personnes LGBTI
    Keywords: OECD ; LGBT ; Homosexueller ; Transsexueller ; Diskriminierung ; Ausgrenzung ; Gleichstellung ; Inklusion ; Bericht ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Dass LGBTI, d. h. Lesben, Schwule, Bisexuelle, Transgender und Intersexuelle, ihre Identität ausleben können, ohne diskriminiert oder angegriffen zu werden, ist weltweit ein Anliegen. Diskriminierung von LGBTI ist weiterhin allgegenwärtig und verursacht massive Kosten: Über Mobbing in der Schule verringert sie beispielsweise die Investitionen in die Kompetenzentwicklung. Außerdem reduziert sie die Wirtschaftsleistung, da dadurch talentierte und qualifizierte Kräfte vom Arbeitsmarkt ausgeschlossen werden. Zudem beeinträchtigt sie die psychische und physische Gesundheit der Betroffenen und damit auch ihre Produktivität. Dieser Bericht bietet einen umfassenden Überblick darüber, inwieweit die Gleichstellung von Lesben, Schwulen, Bisexuellen, Transgender und Intersexuellen im OECD-Raum gesetzlich gesichert ist und mit welchen ergänzenden Maßnahmen ihre Rechte und Chancen gestärkt werden können. Dazu umreißt er zunächst den für die Gleichstellung sexueller und geschlechtlicher Minderheiten wesentlichen Rechtsrahmen in den Bereichen Bürgerrechte, Schutz vor Diskriminierung und Gewalt sowie Gesundheitsversorgung. Anschließend untersucht er, ob die entsprechenden Rechtsvorschriften in den OECD-Ländern in Kraft sind und wo noch Verbesserungsbedarf besteht. Das letzte Kapitel befasst sich schließlich mit allgemeineren Maßnahmen, die die gesetzlichen Bestimmungen zur Sicherung der Rechte und Chancen von LGBTI flankieren sollten.
    DOI: 10.1787/dde83294-de
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    An assessment of the impact of COVID-19 on job and skills demand using online job vacancy data (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Arbeitsnachfrage ; Anforderungsprofil ; Qualifikation ; Personalbeschaffung ; Coronavirus ; Australien ; Kanada ; Neuseeland ; Großbritannien ; USA ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia ; Canada ; New Zealand ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Abstract: This policy brief uses online job vacancy postings as a partial indicator of the impact of COVID-19 on skills demand in five OECD countries (Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States) between January and November 2020. The pandemic, as well as containment and mitigation measures designed to halt its spread, had a large but heterogeneous impact on the demand for skills. By early May, the total volume of online job vacancies had fallen by over 50% in all the countries analysed with respect to the beginning of the year, with even larger declines in some sectors. However, the demand for specific skills in the healthcare sector and in logistics increased. There is also evidence of an increase in vacancies involving remote-working arrangements. The brief also shows that the crisis affected differently individuals with different levels of educational qualifications and that such effect differed across the countries analysed.
    DOI: 10.1787/20fff09e-en
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    Is the German Middle Class Crumbling? Risks and Opportunities (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264475892
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Mittelschicht ; Soziale Mobilität ; Deutschland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Employment ; Germany ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: Thriving middle classes are the backbone of democratic societies and strong economies, but in many countries, they face mounting pressure as their economic strength is eroding relative to higher-income households. Real wages and incomes for most middle-class households have grown only very slowly, and rising expenditures have been putting further pressure on living standards. Meanwhile, globalisation, digitalisation, and demographic change are eroding job opportunities for middle-skilled workers, who risk sliding into lower-paid employment. The COVID-19 crisis has accentuated socio-economic divides and may end up accelerating some of the above trends. This publication builds upon the OECD’s publications on the middle class (Under Pressure: The Squeezed Middle Class) and social mobility (A Broken Social Elevator? How to Promote Social Mobility). It demonstrates that the German middle class is similar in size as in peer countries, but substantially smaller than it was in the mid-1990s. Lower middle‑class households face an increased risk of slipping out of the middle; meanwhile, upward mobility into the middle has declined, particularly for workers in “typical” middle-class occupations. Employment growth forecasts point to further occupational polarisation. The review proposes policy options for strengthening the employability of middle-class workers, creating good-quality, future-oriented jobs, and boosting middle‑class disposable incomes.
    DOI: 10.1787/845208d7-en
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    Ageing and Fiscal Challenges across Levels of Government (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264878129 , 9789264360266 , 9789264358157
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Fiscal Federalism Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ageing and fiscal challenges across levels of government
    Keywords: Alternde Bevölkerung ; Finanzbeziehungen ; OECD-Staaten ; Deutschland ; China ; Brasilien ; Kanada ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Taxation ; Brazil ; Canada ; China, People’s Republic ; Germany ; Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Deutschland ; China ; Brasilien ; Kanada ; Altersstruktur ; Finanzpolitik
    Abstract: Populations in OECD and emerging economies are ageing rapidly, which will have significant macroeconomic impacts, including on public expenditures and tax revenues. The rules and practices that govern fiscal relations among different levels of government, such as their responsibilities for taxation, spending and debt management, have a bearing on economic efficiency and ultimately growth. The consequences of population ageing at subnational government levels are especially intense. Many local governments are vulnerable to the ageing of their populations from a fiscal perspective. The economic and fiscal challenges of an ageing population go beyond intergovernmental boundaries, and they require complex intergovernmental policy responses. This volume brings together cross-country studies of fiscal policy, demographics and spatial productivity, as well as country studies of Brazil, Canada, China and Germany.
    DOI: 10.1787/2bbfbda8-en
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    Strengthening the Governance of Skills Systems : Lessons from Six OECD Countries (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264751804
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Strengthening the governance of skills systems
    Keywords: Bildungspolitik ; Qualifikation ; Estland ; Deutschland ; Südkorea ; Norwegen ; Portugal ; USA ; Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Estonia ; Germany ; Korea, Republic of ; Norway ; Portugal ; United States
    Abstract: The governance of skills systems has always raised a number of challenges for governments. Being at the intersection of education, labour market, industrial and other policy domains, managing skills policies is inherently complex. Addressing these challenges is more than ever crucial as globalisation, technological progress and demographic change are putting daunting pressures on skills systems to ensure that all members of society are equipped with the skills necessary to thrive in a rapidly changing world. Strengthening the Governance of Skills Systems: Lessons from Six OECD Countries provides advice on how to make the governance of skills systems effective. Building on the OECD Skills Strategy 2019, which identified four main challenges of skills systems governance, the report presents examples of how six different countries (Estonia, Germany, Korea, Norway, Portugal and the United States) have responded to one or several of these challenges. It also outlines concrete policy recommendations together with a self-assessment tool which provides guidance to policy makers and stakeholders for designing better skills systems that deliver better skills outcomes.
    DOI: 10.1787/3a4bb6ea-en
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    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective – MAP Peer Review Report, Germany (Stage 2) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264366381
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (112 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: Germany (stage 2)
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Deutschland ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Germany ; Deutschland ; G-20-Staaten ; Internationales Steuerrecht
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 2 peer monitoring of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by Germany.
    DOI: 10.1787/9d6c280c-en
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    Early Learning and Child Well-being : A Study of Five-year-Olds in England, Estonia, and the United States (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264480865 , 9789264598287 , 9789264751644
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (175 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Early learning and child well-being
    Keywords: Frühkindliche Bildung ; Sozialer Indikator ; Kinder ; England ; USA ; Estland ; Education ; Estonia ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Abstract: The first five years of a child’s life is a period of great opportunity, and risk. The cognitive and social-emotional skills that children develop in these early years have long-lasting impacts on their later outcomes throughout schooling and adulthood. The International Early Learning and Child Well-Being Study was designed to help countries assess their children’s skills and development, to understand how these relate to children’s early learning experiences and well-being. The study provides countries with comparative data on children’s early skills to assist countries to better identify factors that promote or hinder children’s early learning. Three countries participated in this study in 2018: England (United Kingdom), Estonia and the United States. The study directly assessed the emergent literacy and numeracy, self-regulation and social-emotional skills of a representative sample of five-year-old children in registered school and ECEC settings in each participating country. It also collected contextual and assessment information from the children’s parents and teachers. This report sets out the findings from the study as a whole.
    DOI: 10.1787/3990407f-en
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    Early Learning and Child Well-being in the United States (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264972223 , 9789264387362 , 9789264720404
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (175 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Early learning and child well-being in the United States
    Keywords: Frühkindliche Bildung ; Kinder ; Sozialer Indikator ; USA ; Education ; United States ; USA ; Kleinkinderziehung ; Sozialer Indikator
    Abstract: The first five years of a child’s life is a period of great opportunity, and risk. The cognitive and social-emotional skills that children develop in these early years have long-lasting impacts on their later outcomes throughout schooling and adulthood. This report sets out the findings from the International Early Learning and Child Well-being Study in the United States. The study assesses children’s skills across both cognitive and social-emotional development, and how these relate to children’s early learning experiences at home and in early childhood education and care. It is enriched by contextual and assessment information from the children’s parents and educators. It provides comparative data on children’s early skills with children from England and Estonia, who also participated in the study, to better identify factors that promote or hinder children’s early learning.
    DOI: 10.1787/198d8c99-en
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    The Financial System (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264597914 , 9789264388741 , 9789264788114
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (92 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: New Approaches to Economic Challenges
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The financial system
    Keywords: Finanzsystem ; Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Kapitalmarkt ; Kreditwesen
    Abstract: The New Approaches to Economic Challenges (NAEC) initiative was established to distil lessons from the Global Financial Crisis and now the systemic crises sparked by the COVID-19 pandemic. This book publishes short summaries of a diverse range of thinking and proposals from a prestigious series of experts. NAEC invited them to share their expertise with those who wish to learn more about the financial system from those at its heart. They debate the theory and models of the financial system as well as the role of its different component parts, such as currency, insurance or asset management and how they interact. And they offer advice on how financial policy can contribute to making the financial system more resilient.
    DOI: 10.1787/d45f979e-en
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    Education Policy Outlook in Germany (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (34 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Education Policy Perspectives no.16
    Keywords: Bildungspolitik ; Bildungswesen ; Deutschland ; Education
    Abstract: This country policy profile on education in Germany is part of the Education Policy Outlook series. Building on the first policy profile for Germany (2014), it offers a concise analysis of where the education system stands today in terms of strengths, challenges and ongoing policy efforts, and how this compares to other systems. The profile brings together over a decade’s worth of policy analysis by the Education Policy Outlook, as well as the latest OECD data, relevant thematic and country-specific work and other international and national evidence. It also provides insight into approaches to building greater responsiveness and resilience for the future
    DOI: 10.1787/47b795b1-en
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  • 39
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    OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Myanmar 2020 (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264532977 , 9789264797888 , 9789264623293
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (280 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD ရင်းနှီးမြှုပ်နှံမှုမူဝါဒလေ့လာသုံးသပ်ချက် - မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ ၂၀၂၀
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD investment policy reviews
    Keywords: 2020 ; Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Myanmar ; Finance and Investment ; Myanmar ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Myanmar ; Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionslenkung ; Staatliche Investitionspolitik
    Abstract: Only six years sets this second OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Myanmar apart from the first review published in 2014, but much progress has occurred in investment policies and related areas in Myanmar in the interim. Nonetheless, the reform momentum needs to be sustained and deepened for the benefits of recent investment climate reforms to be shared widely and for growth to be environmentally sustainable, ultimately contributing toward the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This second review takes stock of recent achievements and assesses remaining challenges in selected policy areas for nurturing an enabling responsible business environment and ensuring benefits are shared with society at large. It places strong emphasis on impact and on how foreign investment can help Myanmar achieve the SDGs and improve the lives of the people of Myanmar.
    DOI: 10.1787/d7984f44-en
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  • 40
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    Policy brief on incubators and accelerators that support inclusive entrepreneurship (2019)
    Luxembourg : Publications Office of the European Union
    Details
    ISBN: 9789279966828
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD SME and entrepreneurship papers no. 13
    Series Statement: OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Papers
    Keywords: Gründungsförderung ; Unternehmenswachstum ; Business Angels ; Mittelstandspolitik ; Vergleich ; EU-Staaten ; USA ; Economics ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This policy brief explores the benefits of incubators and accelerators, how they support inclusive entrepreneurship, what makes them successful and how the EU can learn from the experiences of other countries. While there are relatively few examples of business incubators and accelerators that are fully dedicated to supporting entrepreneurs from under-represented and disadvantaged groups, there is a small body of evidence that shows positive results (survival rates, jobs, revenue, etc.). Policy makers can support incubators and accelerators by providing funding, launching their own dedicated programmes and improving access to existing programmes.
    DOI: 10.1787/d7d81c23-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 41
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    Can Social Protection Be an Engine for Inclusive Growth? (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264736115 , 9789264780989 , 9789264573710
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (99 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Can social protection be an engine for inclusive growth?
    Keywords: Soziale Sicherheit ; Sozialversicherung ; Öffentliche Sozialleistungen ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Deutschland ; Brasilien ; Ghana ; Indonesien ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Deutschland ; Brasilien ; Ghana ; Indonesien ; Soziale Sicherheit ; Qualitatives Wachstum
    Abstract: The potential role of social protection in the development process has received heightened recognition in recent years, yet making a strong investment case for social protection remains particularly challenging in many emerging and developing countries. This report challenges us to think deeply about the economic rationale for social protection investments through an inclusive development lens. It helps us understand the links between social protection, growth and inequality; how to measure those links empirically; social protection’s impact on inclusive growth; and how to build a more solid economic case for greater social protection investments. The report adds to the debate on social protection in three ways. First, it proposes a methodological framework to conceptualise and measure the impact of social protection on what the OECD defines as inclusive growth. Second, it provides new empirical evidence on the impact of different social protection programmes on inclusive growth. Third, it helps strengthen the case for greater investments in social protection while also calling for better data to measure impacts.
    DOI: 10.1787/9d95b5d0-en
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  • 42
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    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective – MAP Peer Review Report, Indonesia (Stage 1) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264820456
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (71 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: Indonesia (stage 1)
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Indonesien ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Indonesia ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Indonesien ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Konfliktregelung ; Besteuerungsverfahren
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 1 peer review of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by Indonesia.
    DOI: 10.1787/deb42398-en
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  • 43
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    Germany: Country Health Profile 2019 (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264583115
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Deutschland: Länderprofil Gesundheit 2019
    Keywords: 2010-2017 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Deutschland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Germany as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
    DOI: 10.1787/36e21650-en
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  • 44
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    Public Procurement in Germany : Strategic Dimensions for Well-being and Growth (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264390713 , 9789264707795 , 9789264948211
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (293 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Öffentliche Vergabe in Deutschland: Strategische Ansatzpunkte zum Wohl der Menschen und für wirtschaftliches Wachstum
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Public procurement in Germany
    Keywords: Öffentlicher Auftrag ; Deutschland ; Governance ; Germany
    Abstract: As the largest economy in Europe, Germany has a massive public procurement market, accounting for around 15% of GDP (EUR 500 billion) per year and affecting many areas of the economy and society. This review analyses public procurement's impact on the well-being of Germany's citizens by focusing on six areas: economic impact and beyond, the legal and governance framework, centralisation, e-procurement, strategic procurement and human capital. In addition, it analyses procurement at subnational level, since almost 80% of procurement in Germany is conducted by Länder and local governments.
    DOI: 10.1787/1db30826-en
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  • 45
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    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective – MAP Peer Review Report, United States (Stage 2) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264327658
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (91 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: United States (stage 2)
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; USA ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; United States ; G-20-Staaten ; USA ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Konfliktregelung
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 2 peer monitoring of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by the United States, which is accompanied by a document addressing the implementation of best practices which can be accessed on the OECD website.
    DOI: 10.1787/305147e9-en
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  • 46
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    Linking Indigenous Communities with Regional Development (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264167940 , 9789264547452 , 9789264717749
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (344 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Linking indigenous communities with regional development
    Keywords: Indigene Völker ; Regionalentwicklung ; Australien ; Neuseeland ; Mexiko ; USA ; Kanada ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Industry and Services ; Indigenes Volk ; Regionale Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Abstract: The 38 million Indigenous peoples living across 12 OECD countries contribute to stronger regional and national economies, and have unique assets and knowledge that address global challenges such as climate change. Supporting their economic inclusion at local and regional levels is essential to achieving the promise of the Sustainable Development Goals to “leave no-one behind” and overcoming the significant gaps in well-being that continue to exist between Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations, notably in rural areas. This report provides recommendations to achieve vibrant local and regional Indigenous economies that deliver on their objectives for development by: improving Indigenous statistics and data governance; enabling policies for entrepreneurship and small business; providing instruments to mobilise land for development; and implementing effective and inclusive governance to support a place-based approach.
    DOI: 10.1787/3203c082-en
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  • 47
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    Responding to Rising Seas : OECD Country Approaches to Tackling Coastal Risks (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264312487 , 9789264570986 , 9789264489790
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (176 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Hausse du niveau des mers : Les approches des pays de l'OCDE face aux risques côtiers
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Responding to rising seas
    Keywords: Küstenschutz ; OECD-Staaten ; Kanada ; Deutschland ; Neuseeland ; Großbritannien ; Environment ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Deutschland ; Kanada ; Neuseeland ; Großbritannien ; Küstenschutz
    Abstract: There is an urgent need to ensure that coastal areas are adapting to the impacts of climate change. Risks in these areas are projected to increase because of rising sea levels and development pressures. This report reviews how OECD countries can use their national adaptation planning processes to respond to this challenge. Specifically, the report examines how countries approach shared costs and responsibilities for coastal risk management and how this encourages or hinders risk-reduction behaviour by households, businesses and different levels of government. The report outlines policy tools that national governments can use to encourage an efficient, effective and equitable response to ongoing coastal change. It is informed by new analysis on the future costs of sea-level rise, and the main findings from four case studies (Canada, Germany, New Zealand and the United Kingdom).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264312487-en
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    OECD Economic Survey of the United States: Key Research Findings (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264310278
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD economic survey of the United States
    Keywords: Wirtschaftslage ; Großbritannien ; Development ; Economics ; United States ; USA ; Wirtschaftliche Lage ; Wirtschaftliche Stabilität
    Abstract: This volume collects four studies that were prepared as background research to the 2018 OECD Economic Survey of the United States. Using micro-data survey responses, regional and sectorial data, these studies seek to provide insights into how employment responds to labour market disruption and the drivers of household financial vulnerability in the United States. This volume represents a collaborative effort by a team of OECD and academic researchers.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264310278-en
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    Flexibility and Proportionality in Corporate Governance (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264307490 , 9789264309623 , 9789264309616
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Corporate Governance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Flexibility and proportionality in corporate governance
    Keywords: Corporate Governance ; OECD-Staaten ; Großbritannien ; Schweden ; Italien ; Japan ; USA ; Portugal ; Governance ; Management
    Abstract: The quality of corporate governance regulations matters. If they are well designed, they can help governments achieve important policy objectives, such as higher levels of investment, increased productivity and better business sector dynamics. But for this to happen, the rules and regulations must be allowed to evolve over time. They must also be able to meet the many different needs of those entrepreneurs, investors and stakeholders who are supposed to implement them. This is why the G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance state that policy makers have a responsibility to shape a regulatory framework that can meet the needs of corporations that operate under widely different circumstances. Importantly, this concept of flexibility and proportionality is not about less demanding rules or the acceptance of sub-standard practices. On the contrary, it represents a functional and outcome oriented approach to regulation that facilitates implementation and makes enforcement more effective. This OECD report presents the results of an OECD review on flexibility and proportionality practices in seven different areas of corporate governance regulation. The review covers 39 jurisdictions and six in-depth country case studies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264307490-en
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  • 50
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    Catching up? Country studies on intergenerational mobility and children of immigrants (2018)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264301030
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Catching up?
    RVK:
    MS 1500
    RVK:
    MS 3600
    RVK:
    MS 1530
    Keywords: Intergenerationenmobilität ; Migranten ; Österreich ; EU-Staaten ; Frankreich ; Deutschland ; Niederlande ; Schweden ; USA ; Kanada ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Previous OECD and EU work has shown that even native-born children with immigrant parents face persistent disadvantage in the education system, the school-to-work transition and the labour market. To which degree are these linked with their immigration background, i.e. with the issues faced by their parents? Complementing the report Catching Up? Intergenerational Mobility and Children of Immigrants (OECD 2017), this publication presents seven in-depth country case studies. The countries and regions covered in this publication are Austria, the European Union, France, Germany, the Netherlands, North America and Sweden.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264301030-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 51
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    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: United States 2018 (Second Round) : Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264302853
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: United States 2018 (second round)
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; USA ; Taxation ; United States
    Abstract: This report contains the 2018 Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of United States.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264302853-en
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  • 52
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    Ageing and Employment Policies: United States 2018 : Working Better with Age and Fighting Unequal Ageing (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264289048 , 9789264190115 , 9789264298354
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ageing and employment policies
    Keywords: Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; USA ; Employment ; United States
    Abstract: In the United States, employment rates at older ages are comparatively high at 62% among 55-64 year-olds against 59% on average in OECD countries in 2016. However, there are large disparities across population groups. Early retirement remains a widespread phenomenon, especially among workers from vulnerable socio-economic backgrounds. Preventing old-age disparities in terms of employment outcomes and retirement income from widening is crucial. This report looks at the various pathways out of the labour market for older workers, and how employers can be supported to retain and hire older workers. It examines the best ways that the United States can promote the employability of workers throughout their working lives and more equal outcomes among older workers.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264190115-en
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    Equity in Education : Breaking Down Barriers to Social Mobility (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073234 , 9789264306967 , 9789264306950
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: PISA
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Equity in education
    Keywords: Bildungschancen ; Soziale Mobilität ; Australien ; Kanada ; Dänemark ; Schweiz ; USA ; Education ; Bildung ; Chancengleichheit ; Soziale Mobilität
    Abstract: In times of growing economic inequality, improving equity in education becomes more urgent. While some countries and economies that participate in the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) have managed to build education systems where socio-economic status makes less of a difference to students’ learning and well-being, every country can do more. Equity in Education: Breaking Down Barriers to Social Mobility shows that high performance and more positive attitudes towards schooling among disadvantaged 15-year-old students are strong predictors of success in higher education and work later on. The report examines how equity in education has evolved over several cycles of the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). It identifies the policies and practices that can help disadvantaged students succeed academically and feel more engaged at school. Using longitudinal data from five countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Switzerland, and the United States), the report also describes the links between a student’s performance near the end of compulsory education and upward social mobility – i.e. attaining a higher level of education or working in a higher-status job than one’s parents.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073234-en
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    The Future of Social Protection : What Works for Non-standard Workers? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264306943 , 9789264308565 , 9789264308572
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (228 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The future of social protection
    DDC: 330
    Keywords: Soziale Sicherheit ; Atypische Beschäftigung ; Australien ; Österreich ; Frankreich ; Deutschland ; Italien ; Niederlande ; Schweden ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Social protection systems are often still designed for the archetypical full-time dependent employee. Work patterns deviating from this model – be it self-employment or online "gig work" – can lead to gaps in social protection coverage. Globalisation and digitalisation are likely to exacerbate this discrepancy as new technologies make it easier and cheaper to offer and find work online, and online work platforms have experienced spectacular growth in recent years. While new technologies and the new forms of work they create bring the incomplete social protection of non-standard workers to the forefront of the international policy debate, non-standard work and policies to address such workers’ situation are not new: across the OECD on average, one in six workers is self-employed, and a further one in eight employees is on a temporary contract. Thus, there are lessons to be learned from country experiences of providing social protection to non-standard workers. This report presents seven policy examples from OECD countries, including the "artists’ insurance system" in Germany or voluntary unemployment insurance for self-employed workers in Sweden. It draws on these studies to suggest policy options for providing social protection for non-standard workers, and for increasing the income security of on-call workers and those on flexible hours contracts.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264306943-en
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    Working Together for Local Integration of Migrants and Refugees in Altena (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264299320
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (80 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Working together for local integration of migrants and refugees in Altena
    Keywords: Flüchtlinge ; Migranten ; Soziale Integration ; Kleinstadt ; Deutschland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Altena is a small industrial town in the Land of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The city has experienced a significant decline in its population in recent decades and further substantial decreases are predicted through 2030. In this context, the municipality has come to approach migrant integration as a chance to revive the city, counteract demographic change and fill existing labour force demands. In 2015, the city took on 100 more asylum seekers and refugees than required by federal allocation. In 2017, migrants made up 11.3% of the total population of Altena and the majority (54%) have lived there for longer than ten years. This report presents the way Altena and its state and non-state partners are addressing migrant integration issues and opportunities. In particular, the report sheds light on how refugees and asylum seekers have benefited from housing and civic participation programmes as well as the local responses to the peak in refugee and asylum seeker arrivals since 2015. In such a context, when migrant integration is part of the local development strategy, one key question is “How to encourage migrants stay in Altena?”.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264299320-en
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    Germany: Country Health Profile 2017 (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing | Brussels : European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264283398
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (16 p.)
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Keywords: 2010-2015 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Deutschland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This report looks at the state of health in Germany.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264283398-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 57
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    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Germany 2017 (Second Round) : Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264280205
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Germany 2017 (second round)
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Deutschland ; Taxation ; Germany
    Abstract: This report contains the 2017 Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of Germany.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264280205-en
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    Deutschland: Länderprofil Gesundheit 2017 (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264285200
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany ; Deutschland ; Gesundheitsberichterstattung
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264285200-de
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  • 59
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    Debate the Issues: Complexity and Policy making (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264271586 , 9789264271531 , 9789264297395
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (104 p.) , 14.5 x 22cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Insights
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Débattre des enjeux : complexité et action publique
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Debate the issues
    Keywords: Wirtschaftswissenschaft ; Komplexe Systeme ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Politik ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Wirtschaftswissenschaften ; Wirtschaftspolitik
    Abstract: The OECD’s New Approaches to Economic Challenges initiative invited experts from inside and outside the Organisation to discuss complexity theory as a means to better understand the interconnected nature of the trends and influences shaping our socio-economic environment. Their contributions, brought together here, examine the assumptions, strengths and shortcomings of traditional models, and propose a way to build new ones that would take into account factors such as psychology, history and culture neglected by these models. The authors concentrate on the discipline of economics as such; the financial system; and applications of complexity theory to policy making and governance. They argue that a new narrative is needed to integrate the hopes, values, attitudes and behaviours of people into economics along with the facts and data economists are more used to dealing with.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264271531-en
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  • 60
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    Dare to Share: Germany's Experience Promoting Equal Partnership in Families (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264259157
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (240 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Dare to Share – Deutschlands Weg zur Partnerschaftlichkeit in Familie und Beruf
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dare to share
    Keywords: Gleichstellungspolitik ; Familienpolitik ; Deutschland ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Germany ; Deutschland ; Gleichberechtigung ; Familienpolitik ; Einkommen ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Elternzeit ; Work-Life-Balance
    Abstract: This review introduces the background to and issues at stake in promoting equal partnerships in families in Germany. It encourages German policy makers to build on the important reforms since the mid-2000s to enable both fathers and mothers to have careers and children, and urges families to “dare to share”. To those ends it places Germany’s experience in an international comparison, and draws from the experience in, for example, France and the Nordic countries which have longstanding policies to support work-life balance and strengthen gender equality. The review starts with an overview chapter also explaining why and how equal sharing pays for families, children, the economy and society as a whole. The book presents current outcomes, policy trends, as well as detailed analysis of the drivers of paid and unpaid work and how more equal partnerships in families may help sustain fertility rates. The book examines policies to promote partnership, looking both at persistent shortcomings and progress achieved through reform since the mid-2000s. The book includes a set of policy recommendations designed to enable parents to share work and family responsibilities more equally.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264259157-en
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    Evaluation of farm programmes in the 2014 US farm bill : a review of the literature (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 73 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 104
    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Agrarversicherung ; Risikomanagement ; Umweltpolitik ; USA ; Agriculture and Food ; United States ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Main changes to US farm programmes under the 2014 Farm Bill aim to strengthen instruments for risk management, both in commodity and in crop insurance programmes. In addition, the 2014 Farm Bill consolidated voluntary conservation programmes supporting agricultural land preservation and the adoption of environmentally friendly production practices. In the literature reviewed, analysts generally acknowledge the reinforced capacity of farm programmes to reduce farm revenue losses and the diversity of options offered to farmers to manage risk. They also discuss farmers' choices of participation in programmes and coverage level in terms of optimisation of their benefits. They also outline the scope for higher budget costs if prices keep falling, but note that some provisions limit the increase. Regarding the impact of programmes on land and markets, the consensus is that by design, the two new crop commodity programmes do not influence current planting decisions, but they could generate small wealth and risk effects. Similarly the new dairy programme could affect the decisions of risk adverse farmers. Support to crop insurance on the other hand is based on current parameters, and unlimited, thus it is expected to encourage higher input use to maximise profit, in addition to the wealth and risk effects. Empirical analyses find very small effects of crop insurance subsidies on total land use, but some suggest a non-negligible impact on crop rotation, and variable input use. Overall, the literature finds that conservation payments seem to have had a positive impact on the environment. In particular, they have encouraged farmers to adopt more environmentally-friendly practices and address a broader set of environmental objectives. Some experts note, however, that some programmes may not necessarily bring additional benefits. Experts consider that cross-compliance mechanisms have partly contributed to reduce soil erosion by encouraging farmers to use less erosive cropping practices (e.g. conservation tillage, conservation crop rotations) and to retire particularly erodible land.
    DOI: 10.1787/ff39e390-en
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    Dare to share : Deutschlands Weg zur Partnerschaftlichkeit in Familie und Beruf (2017)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264263420
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Edition: Überarbeitete Ausgabe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dare to share
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Germany ; Deutschland ; Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf
    Abstract: Was sind die Hintergründe und entscheidenden Fragen bei der Förderung einer partnerschaftlichen Aufgabenteilung in Familie und Beruf in Deutschland? Dieser Bericht soll die Politikverantwortlichen in Deutschland darin bestärken, die wichtigen seit Mitte der 2000er Jahre eingeleiteten Reformen weiterzuführen, um die Vereinbarkeit von beruflichen und familiären Pflichten für Väter und Mütter zu verbessern. Für die Familien heißt das: „Mehr Partnerschaftlichkeit wagen“. Die deutschen Erfahrungen werden dabei im internationalen Vergleich untersucht, u.a. mit Blick auf Frankreich und die nordischen Länder, die seit langem eine Politik zur Förderung der Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf sowie zur Stärkung der Geschlechtergleichstellung verfolgen. Der Bericht beginnt mit einem Übersichtskapitel, in dem erklärt wird, warum und wie sich Partnerschaftlichkeit für Familien, Kinder sowie Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft insgesamt auszahlt. Vorgestellt werden aktuelle Daten, Politiktrends sowie detaillierte Analysen der ausschlaggebenden Faktoren für die Aufteilung von bezahlter und unbezahlter Arbeit, einschließlich der Frage, wie mehr Partnerschaftlichkeit in Familie und Beruf zu höheren Geburtenraten führen kann. Außerdem werden Politikmaßnahmen zur Förderung der Partnerschaftlichkeit untersucht, wobei sich der Blick sowohl auf nach wie vor bestehende Unzulänglichkeiten als auch auf die Fortschritte richtet, die mit den seit Mitte der 2000er Jahre eingeleiteten Reformen erzielt wurden. Der Bericht enthält eine Reihe von Politikempfehlungen, deren Ziel es ist, Eltern eine ausgewogenere Aufteilung beruflicher und familiärer Pflichten zu ermöglichen.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264263420-de
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    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective - MAP Peer Review Report, United States (Stage 1) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264282698
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (75 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: United States (stage 1)
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; USA ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; United States ; USA ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Steuervermeidung
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 1 peer review of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by the United States, which is accompanied by a document addressing the implementation of best practices.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264282698-en
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    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective – MAP Peer Review Report, Germany (Stage 1) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264285804
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (96 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: Germany (stage 1)
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Deutschland ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Germany
    Abstract: Under Action 14, jurisdictions have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses jurisdictions against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 1 peer review of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by Germany.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264285804-en
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    OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews: United States 2016 (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264266971
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (136 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD development co-operation peer reviews
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; USA ; Development ; United States
    Abstract: The OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) conducts periodic reviews of the individual development co-operation efforts of DAC members. The policies and programmes of each member are critically examined approximately once every five years. DAC peer reviews assess the performance of a given member, not just that of its development co-operation agency, and examine both policy and implementation. They take an integrated, system-wide perspective on the development co-operation and humanitarian assistance activities of the member under review.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264266971-en
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    Biodiversity Offsets : Effective Design and Implementation (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264222519
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Biodiversity offsets
    Keywords: Artenschutz ; USA ; Deutschland ; Mexiko ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; USA ; Mexiko ; Deutschland ; Biodiversität
    Abstract: This report examines the key design and implementation features that need to be considered to ensure that biodiversity offset programmes are environmentally effective, economically efficient, and distributionally equitable. Biodiversity offsets are being increasingly used in a wide range of sectors as a mechanism to help compensate for the adverse effects caused by development projects in a variety of ecosystems. In this report, insights and lessons learned are drawn from more than 40 case studies from around the world, with an additional 3 in-depth country case studies from the United States, Germany and Mexico.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264222519-en
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    Debate the Issues: Investment (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264251861 , 9789264242661
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 14.5 x 22cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Insights
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Inversión: análisis de temas de actualidad
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Débattre des enjeux : investissement
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Debate the issues
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Investition ; Wirtschaftslage ; Wirtschaftsprognose ; Prognose ; Politik ; Welt ; Finance and Investment ; Bericht ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Weltwirtschaft
    Abstract: Why do financial markets see so little risk, while companies that invest in the real economy appear to be much more prudent? How will we fund future pensions when interest on the products that finance them are so low? Where will the trillions of dollars needed to improve and extend infrastructures come from? How should international capital flows be regulated? These and other challenges are discussed in this collection of expert opinions on the social, economic and policy perspectives facing international investors, governments, businesses, and citizens worldwide.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264242661-en
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    Back to Work: United States : Improving the Re-employment Prospects of Displaced Workers (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264266513
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (152 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Back to Work
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Back to work
    Keywords: Kündigung ; Arbeitsmarktintegration ; USA ; Employment ; United States ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Wiedereinstellung
    Abstract: Job displacement (involuntary job loss due to firm closure or downsizing) affects many workers over their lifetime. Displaced workers may face long periods of unemployment and, even when they find new jobs, tend to be paid less and have fewer benefits than in their prior jobs. Helping them get back into good jobs quickly should be a key goal of labour market policy. This report is part of a series of nine reports looking at how this challenge is being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It shows that the United States has a relatively high rate of job displacement and that only one in two affected workers find a new job within one year. Older displaced workers and those with a low level of education fare worst. Contrary to most other OECD countries, displaced workers have long been a target group for policy intervention, and a number of system features, like rapid response services, are promising. But the success of US policies is limited because overall funding for the workforce development system is insufficient and because only trade-related job displacement comes with generous entitlement for training and better benefits.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264266513-en
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    Debate the Issues: New Approaches to Economic Challenges (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264294486 , 9789264264687 , 9789264264700
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.) , 14.5 x 22cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Insights
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Débattre des enjeux : les nouvelles approches face aux défis économiques
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Debate the issues
    Keywords: Wirtschaftslage ; Wirtschaftsprognose ; Prognose ; Politik ; Welt ; Economics ; Bericht ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Weltwirtschaft
    Abstract: To capitalise on the new international resolve epitomised by COP21 and the agreement on the universal Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requires a renewed effort to promote new policy thinking and new approaches to the great challenges ahead. Responding to new challenges means we have to adopt more ambitious frameworks, design more effective tools, and propose more precise policies that will take account of the complex and multidimensional nature of the challenges. The goal is to develop a better sense of how economies really work and to articulate strategies which reflect this understanding. The OECD’s New Approaches to Economic Challenges (NAEC) exercise challenges our assumptions and our understanding about the workings of the economy. This collection from OECD Insights summarises opinions from inside and outside the Organisation on how NAEC can contribute to achieving the SDGs, and describes how the OECD is placing its statistical, monitoring and analytical capacities at the service of the international community. The authors also consider the transformation of the world economy that will be needed and the long-term “tectonic shifts” that are affecting people, the planet, global productivity, and institutions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264264687-en
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    Innovation, Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability in the United States (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264264120
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Food and Agricultural Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation, agricultural productivity and sustainability in the United States
    Keywords: Landwirtschaft ; Agrarproduktion ; Produktivität ; Agrartechnik ; Innovation ; Nachhaltigkeit ; USA ; Agriculture and Food ; United States
    Abstract: The US food and agriculture sector is innovative, competitive and export-oriented. Changes in national and global demand offer further opportunities for US agri-food products, although climate change and other resource constraints could create additional challenges, in particular in some regions. Maintaining high productivity growth, while improving the sustainable use of resources will require further innovation. In a policy environment generally favourable to investment and innovation, the strong US agricultural innovation system is expected to continue to create innovations that will be widely adopted, to the extent that these can be widely accepted.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264264120-en
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    OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews: Germany 2015 (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264246133
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. DAC-Prüfbericht über die Entwicklungszusammenarbeit; Deutschland 2015
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD development co-operation peer reviews
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Deutschland ; Development ; Germany ; Deutschland ; OECD ; Entwicklungshilfe
    Abstract: The OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) conducts periodic reviews of the individual development co-operation efforts of DAC members. The policies and programmes of each member are critically examined approximately once every five years. DAC peer reviews assess the performance of a given member, not just that of its development co-operation agency, and examine both policy and implementation. They take an integrated, system-wide perspective on the development co-operation and humanitarian assistance activities of the member under review.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264246133-en
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    In It Together: Why Less Inequality Benefits All (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264235120 , 9264232664
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (300 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als In it together
    DDC: 339.209177
    RVK:
    CC 7700
    RVK:
    MS 6500
    Keywords: Einkommensverteilung ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Soziale Ungleichheit
    Abstract: The gap between rich and poor keeps widening. Growth, if any, has disproportionally benefited higher income groups while lower income households have been left behind. This long-run increase in income inequality not only raises social and political concerns, but also economic ones. It tends to drag down GDP growth, due to the rising distance of the lower 40% from the rest of society. Lower income people have been prevented from realising their human capital potential, which is bad for the economy as a whole. This book highlights the key areas where inequalities are created and where new policies are required, including: the consequences of current consolidation policies; structural labour market changes with rising non-standard work and job polarization; persisting gender gaps; the challenge of high wealth concentration, and the role for redistribution policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264235120-en
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  • 73
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    Talent Abroad: A Review of German Emigrants (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264231702
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (145 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Talente im Ausland; Ein Bericht über deutsche Auswanderer
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Talent abroad
    DDC: 304.843
    Keywords: Brain Drain ; Hochqualifizierte Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Deutschland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany ; Deutschland ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Braindrain ; Abwanderung
    Abstract: More than three million individuals who were born in Germany lived in another OECD country in 2010/11. To assess the potential that this group represents for the German labour market, this review establishes the distribution of German emigrants over OECD countries, as well as their age, sex, and educational attainment. Shifts in the German diaspora towards European destination countries and higher educational attainment are documented. The largest German diaspora still resides in the United States, but the diaspora in Switzerland and Spain has grown particularly quickly. International students from Germany have even come to represent the largest group of international students from any OECD country. While German emigrants experience less favourable labour market outcomes than their peers in Germany, the emigrants work disproportionately often in high-skill occupations. Survey evidence suggests that many Germans in Germany consider emigration and that many German emigrants are open to return. Those who have returned in recent years, however, appear to have a lower educational attainment than those leaving.  
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264231702-en
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    Ageing : Debate the Issues (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264250031 , 9789264242654
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p.) , 14.5 x 22cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Insights
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Envejecimiento : Análisis de temas de actualidad
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Débattre des enjeux : le vieillissement
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ageing
    Keywords: Alternde Bevölkerung ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Altern ; Gesundheitswesen ; Demographie
    Abstract: Ageing has a wide range of impacts on individuals and society as a whole. But the consequences for health care, working life, income and well-being in general are not always what many people imagine. OECD Insights: Ageing: Debate the Issues discusses the problems, challenges, and opportunities that ageing brings to citizens and governments in developed and developing countries. Experts on demography, medical research, pensions, employment and other domains from inside and outside the OECD present their latest analyses and views on one of the most important trends shaping our societies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264242654-en
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    Employment and Skills Strategies in the United States (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264209398
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews on Local Job Creation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Employment and skills strategies in the United States
    Keywords: Erwerbstätigkeit ; Qualifikation ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; USA ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; United States
    Abstract: How to stimulate growth and support job creation are two critical challenges that countries confront following the global financial crisis. The Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Programme of the OECD has developed international cross-comparative reviews on local job creation policies to examine the contribution of local labour market policy to boosting quality employment. Each country review examines the capacity of employment services and training providers to contribute to a long-term strategy which strengthens the resiliency of the local economy, increases skills levels and job quality. This report looks at the range of institutions and bodies involved in workforce and skills development in two states – California and Michigan. In-depth fieldwork focused on two local Workforce Investment Boards in each state: the Sacramento Employment and Training Agency (SETA); the Northern Rural and Training and Employment Consortium (NoRTEC); the Southeast Michigan Community Alliance (SEMCA); and the Great Lakes Bay Michigan Works. The report concludes with a number of recommendations and actions to promote job creation at the federal, state and local levels.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264209398-en
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    Italy: Key Issues and Policies (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264213951
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Italy
    Keywords: KMU ; Mittelstandspolitik ; Italien ; Industry and Services ; Italy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Italien ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Mittelstandspolitik
    Abstract: This review underlines some important points of strength with respect to Italian SMEs and entrepreneurship, notably for medium-sized firms that very often excel in their market niches, have a strong propensity to business collaboration, as well as favourable access to finance. The review also looks at the challenges that lie ahead for Italy, hard hit by the global economic crisis, notably among micro and small firms. Recovery will mean, among other things, removing barriers to business growth, streamlining the complexity of the Italian tax system, and opening the business environment to competition, foreign direct investment and equity financing, as well as improving training and workforce skills.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264213951-en
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    Getting It Right : Strategic Agenda for Reforms in Mexico (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264190320
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Getting It Right ; Una Agenda Estratégica para las Reformas en México
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Getting it right
    Keywords: Wirtschaftliche Anpassung ; Mexiko ; Governance ; Mexico ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Mexiko ; Reformpolitik ; Wirtschaftliche Lage
    Abstract: Getting it Right is one of the most complete toolkits that the OECD has designed to help a country at the start of a new government administration. In this publication, the focus of the Organisation’s multidisciplinary knowledge is on Mexico; the discussion is enriched with international experience, and comparison based on best practices. In addition, the report identifies the Mexican economy’s strengths and weaknesses so as to support the design, promotion and implementation of key public policies for better economic performance.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264190320-en
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    Lessons from PISA 2012 for the United States (2013)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264207578
    Language: English
    Pages: 101 S.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Strong performers and successful reformers in education
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Strong performers and successful reformers in education
    Keywords: Schulpolitik ; Bildungsniveau ; Vergleich ; USA ; Education ; United States ; USA ; Mathematik ; PISA-Studie ; Lernerfolg
    Abstract: This report compares the performance of 15-year-olds in the United States in PISA against the global patterns and trends. But it goes beyond the aggregate level analysis that have so far been published in the PISA 2012 reports, to give analysis of student performance on individual mathematics test items in order to reveal students’ strengths and weaknesses. Considering this also in the context of the relationship between PISA and the Common Core Standards for Mathematics can help connect these results to what the United States aspires to teach in classrooms and help inform teaching practices that can support performance improvement.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264207585-en
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  • 79
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    Time for the U.S. to reskill? : what the survey of adult skills says (2013)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264204898
    Language: English
    Pages: 104 S.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD skills studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Time for the US to reskill?
    Keywords: Bildungsniveau ; Analphabetismus ; Erwachsenenbildung ; USA ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United States ; Statistik ; USA ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Funktionaler Analphabetismus
    Abstract: The ‘basic skills’ of literacy and numeracy are among the most fundamental attributes of human beings and their civilization, lying at the root of our capacity to communicate and live and work together, to develop and share knowledge, science and culture. Their contribution to workforce skills have increasingly been recognized as critical to economic success, while evidence on gaps in adult basic skills and the link with economic and social outcomes has also been growing, both at national and international level (e.g. International Survey of Adult Skills of 1994-98 and Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey of 2003-2007). Most tellingly, there has been a belated realization that despite universal basic education in advanced countries, some adults have slipped through the net, leaving them with very weak literacy and numeracy. All of these factors underline the importance of the OECD’s new international Survey of Adult Skills. This report on skills in the US draws out the policy implications of the Survey for the US, while also making use of some additional data collected for the Survey on the US alone. The study does not directly evaluate relevant US policies and programs – such as schooling and adult education. Instead it identifies in the results of the Survey some key lessons about the strategic objectives and directions which should form a frame for policy development in the US, including policy on adult learning and schooling.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264204904-en
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  • 80
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    Supervision and Enforcement in Corporate Governance (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264203334
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Corporate Governance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Supervision and enforcement in corporate governance
    Keywords: Corporate Governance ; Aufsichtsbehörde ; Rechtsdurchsetzung ; Welt ; Brasilien ; Türkei ; USA ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: This fifth peer review of the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance analyses the supervision and enforcement of rules and practices relating to related party transactions (RPTs), takeover bids and shareholder meetings. The review covers 27 jurisdictions and is based on a general survey of all participating jurisdictions, as well as an in-depth review of supervision and enforcement practices in Brazil, Turkey, and the United States.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264203334-en
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  • 81
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    Recruiting Immigrant Workers: Germany 2013 (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264189034
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Series Statement: Recruiting Immigrant Workers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Zuwanderung ausländischer Arbeitskräfte; Deutschland
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Zuwanderung ausländischer Arbeitskräfte: Deutschland
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Recruiting immigrant workers
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Deutschland ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany ; Deutschland ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Migrationspolitik ; Arbeitsmobilität
    Abstract: Recent reforms have put Germany among the OECD countries with the fewest restrictions on labour migration for highly-skilled occupations, yet inflows continue to be relatively low. As labour migration is supposed to be one means to help meet future labour and skill shortages caused by a shrinking working-age population, this book addresses the question of how to ensure that international recruitment can help meet urgent needs in the labour market which cannot be met locally. The review examines key issues in the design of the German labour migration system, on the demand side and on the supply side. German employers can recruit from abroad for any job requiring university-level qualifications. Yet even employers declaring shortages have not done so, in part, due to their insistence on German-language skills and specific qualifications, and in part to a perception that international recruitment is complex and unreliable. While the process could be made more transparent, its negative reputation is unjustified. International students appear well positioned to meet employer concerns, but Germany could do more to promote this channel for labour migration. A large part of the demand is also expected in skilled occupations requiring non-tertiary vocational training, but here, channels remain more restrictive. To address anticipated shortages in these occupations, more should be done to recruit into the dual system, and Germany’s new recognition framework could contribute to open new channels.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264189034-en
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  • 82
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    A Good Life in Old Age? : Monitoring and Improving Quality in Long-term Care (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264194564
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (265 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als A good life in old age?
    RVK:
    QX 700
    Keywords: Häusliche Pflege ; Dienstleistungsqualität ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Altenpflege ; Medizinische Versorgung ; Langzeitbetreuung
    Abstract: As ageing societies are pushing a growing number of frail old people into needing care, delivering quality long-term care services – care that is safe, effective, and responsive to needs – has become a priority for governments. Yet much still remains to be done to enhance evidence-based measurement and improvement of quality of long-term care services across EU and OECD countries. This book offers evidence and examples of useful experiences to help policy makers, providers and experts measure and improve the quality of long-term care services.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264194564-en
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  • 83
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    Local job creation : how employment and training agencies can help ; United States (2013)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 S.) , graph. Darst., Kt.
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) working papers 2013/10
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers no.2013/10
    Keywords: Regionaler Arbeitsmarkt ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Arbeitsvermittlung ; Berufsbildungspolitik ; USA ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services ; United States ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: How to stimulate growth and support job creation are two critical challenges that countries and localities confront and limited resources require lateral thinking about how actions in one area, such as employment and training, can have simultaneous benefits in others, such as creating new jobs and better supporting labour market inclusion. The OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Programme has developed an international cross-comparative study, which examines the contribution of local labour market policy to boosting quality employment. Each country review examines the capacity of employment services and training providers to contribute to a long-term strategy which strengthens the resiliency of the local economy, increases skills levels and job quality. In the United States, the study has looked at the range of institutions and bodies involved in workforce and skills development in two states – California and Michigan. In-depth fieldwork focused on two local Workforce Investment Boards in each state: the Sacramento Employment and Training Agency (SETA); the Northern Rural and Training and Employment Consortium (NoRTEC); the Southeast Michigan Community Alliance (SEMCA); and the Great Lakes Bay Michigan Works. The working paper concludes with a number of recommendations and actions to promote job creation at the federal/state and local levels.
    Note: Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k44zcpz25vg-en
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    Measuring Fiscal Decentralisation : Concepts and Policies (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264174849
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Fiscal Federalism Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measuring fiscal decentralisation
    RVK:
    PP 8080
    Keywords: Finanzbeziehungen ; OECD-Staaten ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Finanzpolitik ; Fiskalpolitik ; Fiskalföderalismus ; Wirkung ; Auswirkung ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Datenerhebung ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Taxation ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Steuerrecht ; Dezentralisation ; Finanzausgleich ; OECD
    Abstract: When trying to measure fiscal decentralisation, the OECD Network on Fiscal Relations Across Government Levels has made significant progress in the last years, especially on tax autonomy of sub-central governments. But in many respects, real-world fiscal decentralisation still escapes the measuring tools, especially when it comes to measure the spending power of sub-central governments or the various regulations attached to intergovernmental grants. This book deals with two interrelated issues. The first concerns the various measurement of fiscal decentralization in general and their usefulness for policy analysis. The second and more specific issue concerns the taxonomy of intergovernmental grants and the limits of the current classifications, and how policy changes to the intergovernmental grants framework may require that measurement devices be adapted.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264174849-en
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  • 85
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    International Regulatory Co-operation: Case Studies, Vol. 2 : Canada-US Co-operation, EU Energy Regulation, Risk Assessment and Banking Supervision (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264200500
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als International regulatory co-operation ; 2: Canada-US co-operation, EU energy regulation, risk assessment and banking supervision
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; EU-Energiepolitik ; Bankenaufsicht ; Kanada ; USA ; EU-Staaten ; Welt ; Governance
    Abstract: The world is becoming increasingly global. This raises important challenges for regulatory processes which still largely emanate from domestic jurisdictions. In order to eliminate unnecessary regulatory divergences and to address the global challenges pertaining to systemic risks, the environment, and human health and safety, governments increasingly seek to better articulate regulations across borders and to ensure greater enforcement of rules. But, surprisingly, the gains that can be achieved through greater co-ordination of rules and their application across jurisdictions remain largely under-analysed. This volume complements the stocktaking report on International Regulatory Co-operation: Rules for a Global World by providing evidence on regulatory co-operation in the framework of the Canada-U.S. Regulatory Cooperation Council, as part of EU energy regulation, under the Global Risk Assessment Dialogue, and in the area of prudential regulation of banks. The four case studies provided in this volume follow the same outline to allow for comparison.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264200500-en
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  • 86
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    Sick on the Job? : Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264124523
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (206 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mal-être au travail ? ; Mythes et réalités sur la santé mentale et l'emploi
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mal-être au travail ? : Mythes et réalités sur la santé mentale et l'emploi
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sick on the job?
    DDC: 158.72
    RVK:
    CU 3040
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Arbeit ; Psychische Gesundheit
    Abstract: The costs of mental ill-health for the individuals concerned, employers and society at large are enormous. Mental illness is responsible for a very significant loss of potential labour supply, high rates of unemployment, and a high incidence of sickness absence and reduced productivity at work. In particular, mental illness causes too many young people to leave the labour market, or never really enter it, through early moves onto disability benefit. Today, between one-third and one-half of all new disability benefit claims are for reasons of mental ill-health, and among young adults that proportion goes up to over 70%. Indeed, mental ill-health is becoming a key issue for the well-functioning of OECD’s labour markets and social policies and requires a stronger focus on policies addressing mental health and work issues. Despite the very high costs to the individuals and the economy, there is only little awareness about the connection between mental health and work, and the drivers behind the labour market outcomes and the level of inactivity of people with mental ill-health. Understanding these drivers is critical for the development of more effective policies. This report aims to identify the knowledge gaps and begin to narrow them by reviewing evidence on the main challenges and barriers to better integrating people with mental illness in the world of work.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264124523-en
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    Higher Education in Regional and City Development: Southern Arizona, United States 2011 (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264028036
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (235 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Higher Education in Regional and City Development
    Keywords: Hochschule ; Regionalentwicklung ; Regionalpolitik ; USA ; Education ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; United States
    Abstract: Southern Arizona is a major gateway for trade with Mexico. Its economic engine, the Tucson metropolitan area has developed into a hub of light-based industries, but ranks near the bottom third of US cities in per capita income. State funding for education is in decline, accentuated by the economic crisis, and the public good of tertiary education is under threat. In a time of financial stringency, how can the University of Arizona and community colleges preserve their existing strengths and address the needs of the diverse population? How can the region and its tertiary education institutions fuel local growth and create high quality jobs and new businesses? How can the institutions prepare for the post-crisis economy and help diversify the economy?
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264028036-en
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  • 88
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    Free Movement of Workers and Labour Market Adjustment : Recent Experiences from OECD Countries and the European Union (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264177185
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (300 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Free movement of workers and labour market adjustment
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Arbeitsmarkt ; OECD-Staaten ; EU-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Europäische Union ; Arbeitsmobilität ; OECD
    Abstract: This publication presents recent evidence and analytical work on the impact and future perpectives of demographic trends in the workforce, taking also into account education, skills and geographical mobility. It pays particular attention to the labour mobility patterns generated by the development of free mobility in Europe and simlar developments in other parts of the world.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264177185-en
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  • 89
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    Institutional and Financial Relations across Levels of Government (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264167001
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (157 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Fiscal Federalism Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Institutional and financial relations across levels of government
    Keywords: Öffentliche Finanzen ; Finanzbeziehungen ; Dezentralisierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Finanzwirtschaft ; Dezentralisation
    Abstract: As financial markets put more and more pressure on governments to reduce their deficits and debts, sub-central levels of government are a key player in the implementation of national strategies. The room for manoeuvre to implement consolidations strategies coordinated across levels of government highly depends on the institutional structure of intergovernmental relations, and the effectiveness of their multi-level governance structure. This was already the case for recovery strategies, in the beginning of the crisis. This report provides an overview of the institutional and financial relations across levels of government that enables policymakers evaluate their position and identify good practices for mobilizing sub-central governments for national growth, equity and stability objectives. This report is divided into two parts: the first part is analytical and the second part provides institutional and quantitative country information and comparisons.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264167001-en
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  • 90
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    Evaluation of Agricultural Policy Reforms in the United States (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264096721
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (215 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Évaluation des réformes de la politique agricole aux États-Unis
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Evaluation of agricultural policy reforms in the United States
    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Wirkungsanalyse ; USA ; Agriculture and Food ; United States ; USA ; Agrarpolitik ; Reformpolitik ; Gesetzgebung ; Geschichte 1985-2008
    Abstract: The United States is one of the most important agricultural producers in the world. It has a very large domestic market and is the world’s largest exporter of agricultural products. Indeed, the share of US agricultural production exported is more than double that of any other US industry and the trade surplus in agricultural products acts as an important stimulus to the US economy. Thus, US agricultural policies exert a strong influence on world agricultural markets. The United States maintains an array of agricultural policies with goals that range from the traditional objectives of stabilising agricultural production and supporting farm income to those that have more recently increased in importance, such as assuring adequate nutrition, securing food safety, encouraging environmental protection and facilitating rural development. This study analyses and evaluates US agricultural policies, focusing on the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008, in the context of developments in agricultural policy that have taken place in the United States since 1985. It looks closely at five US Farm Acts: the Food Security Act of 1985; the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990; the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996; the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (2002 Farm Act); and the Food, Conservation and Energy Act of 2008. This study also discusses several emerging issues and challenges for US agricultural policies, and offers key policy recommendations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264096721-en
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  • 91
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    Smart Rules for Fair Trade : 50 years of Export Credits (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264111745
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Smart rules for fair trade
    DDC: 382/.63
    Keywords: 1961-2011 ; Exportkredit ; OECD-Staaten ; Trade ; Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Exportkredit
    Abstract: On the 50th anniversary of the OECD, we examine the unique work the organisation performs in regulating and rationalising governments’ use of export credits in support of exports, jobs, economic growth and national interests more broadly. This work is part of a global post war effort to emphasise multilateral co operation and sound economic policies to promote co operation, efficiency and prosperity rather than destructive competition, controversy and conflict. OECD export credits work is one of the basic building blocks of the ever growing structure of global trade agreements that aim to maintain open and efficient markets. The objective is to eliminate subsidies and unfair practices in the economic competition that forms the foundation of a healthy and dynamic global economy. The elimination of official financing subsidies in global trade is only a part of the broader trade policy agenda, but it is a vital part, and has been delegated to the OECD by the WTO. Since financing is the life blood of trade flows, specialised OECD housed work allows trade to flow efficiently for aircraft and other capital goods while other trade policy work and litigation continue at the WTO. The export credits work at the OECD is described in this collection of essays. However it is about much more than the series of agreements described herein. It is more fundamentally about the governments and their people - policy makers and experts - who gather at the OECD to build collectively a system of export credits disciplines that is fair, transparent, adaptable and effective. It is therefore as much about people and ideas as anything else. The export credit secretariat pictured above represents only the latest in a long line of OECD staff committed to facilitate and advise this work. The OECD’s motto on its 50th anniversary is “Better Policies for Better Lives.” This reminds us that in the end, it is policies that are at the centre of human well being. And export credits work is about promoting these better policies by developing “smart rules” that open markets and maintain a level playing field and by bringing people and governments together to this end.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264111745-en
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  • 92
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    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes Peer Reviews: United States 2011 : Combined: Phase 1 + Phase 2 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264115064
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; USA ; Taxation ; United States ; USA ; Finanzverwaltung ; Steuerrecht
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264115064-en
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  • 93
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    Health Reform : Meeting the Challenge of Ageing and Multiple Morbidities (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264122314
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Health reform
    DDC: 362.1/042
    RVK:
    QX 705
    Keywords: Gesundheitsreform ; Alternde Bevölkerung ; Morbidität ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Gesundheitswesen ; Reform ; Morbidität
    Abstract: When the OECD was founded in 1961, health systems were gearing themselves up to deliver acute care interventions. Sick people were to be cured in hospitals, then sent on their way again. Medical training was focused on hospitals; innovation was to develop new interventions; payment systems were centred around single episodes of care. Health systems have delivered big improvements in health since then, but they can be slow to adapt to new challenges. In particular, these days, the overwhelming burden of disease is chronic, for which ‘cure’ is out of our reach. Health policies have changed to some extent in response, though perhaps not enough. But the challenge of the future is that the typical recipient of health care will be aged and will have multiple morbidities. This book examines how payment systems, innovation policies and human resource policies need to be modernised so that OECD health systems will continue to generate improved health outcomes in the future at a sustainable cost.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264122314-en
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  • 94
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    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes Peer Reviews: Germany 2011 : Combined: Phase 1 + Phase 2 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264110489
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    RVK:
    PP 8040
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Deutschland ; Taxation ; Germany ; Deutschland ; Finanzbauverwaltung ; Steuersystem ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264110489-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 95
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    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes Peer Reviews: United States 2011 : Combined: Phase 1 + Phase 2 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264115064
    Language: English
    Edition: 2011
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Peer Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; USA ; USA ; Finanzverwaltung ; Steuerrecht
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264115064-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 96
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    Globalisation, Comparative Advantage and the Changing Dynamics of Trade (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264113084
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (348 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Globalisation, comparative advantage and the changing dynamics of trade
    DDC: 382
    Keywords: Globalisierung ; Komparativer Vorteil ; Wirtschaftliche Anpassung ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Globalisierung ; Welthandel
    Abstract: The effects of globalisation have been at the forefront of public debate in recent years, fuelled on the one hand by the large benefits of integrated markets, and on the other hand, by the detrimental adjustment effects often experienced by many economies as a result. Knowing how trade has been evolving over time and the role policy has played in this evolution are critical to understanding the globalisation debate and grasping the lessons for future policy development. The comparative advantage hypothesis has been suggested as one of the principal explanations of international trade and of the benefits associated with openness. It has also provided the intellectual underpinnings for most trade policy in the past 50 years. This book collects OECD work that builds on recent contributions to the theory and empirics of comparative advantage, putting particular emphasis on the role policy can play in shaping trade.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264113084-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 97
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    Open for Business : Migrant Entrepreneurship in OECD Countries (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264095830
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Open for business
    RVK:
    QP 380
    RVK:
    QU 400
    Keywords: Unternehmer ; Unternehmensgründung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Industry and Services ; Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Entrepreneurship ; Einwanderer ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Migrants contribute to the economic growth of their host countries in many ways, bringing new skills and competencies with them and helping to reduce labour shortages. An aspect that has received only limited attention up to now is migrants’ contribution to entrepreneurial activity and employment creation in their host countries. In OECD countries, entrepreneurship is slightly higher among immigrants than natives and the total number of persons employed in migrant businesses is substantial, although the survival rate of these businesses is often lower than that of their native counterparts. Migrant entrepreneurship has gone beyond traditional ethnic businesses, into a wide range of sectors and innovative areas. Greater knowledge of migrant entrepreneurship is essential if policy makers are to better support migrant enterprises and their role in economic growth and job creation. In addition, increasing awareness of the positive role that migrants can play as entrepreneurs could contribute to a more balanced public debate on immigration. Taking a cross-country perspective, this publication sheds light on these issues and more, discussing policy options to foster the development and success of migrant businesses. It is a compilation of papers presented at a June 2010 conference organised by the OECD Secretariat, with the financial support of the Swedish and Turkish authorities, and the Dutch-Turkish Businessmen Association (HOTIAD).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264095830-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 98
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    Higher Education in Regional and City Development: Paso del Norte, Mexico and the United States 2010 (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264088887
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (194 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Higher Education in Regional and City Development
    Keywords: Hochschule ; Regionalentwicklung ; Regionalpolitik ; Mexiko ; USA ; Education ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Mexico ; United States
    Abstract: The Paso del Norte Region is the largest metropolitan area on the US-Mexican border, with Ciudad Juárez as a major manufacturing centre. However, the economic performance on both sides of the border region is below the OECD average. The long-term competitiveness of the region is under threat due to ongoing violence, brain drain and environmental degradation. This publication explores a range of helpful policy measures and institutional reforms to mobilise higher education for regional development. It is part of the series of the OECD reviews of Higher Education in Regional and City Development. These reviews help mobilise higher education institutions for economic, social and cultural development of cities and regions. They analyse how the higher education system impacts upon regional and local development and brings together universities, other higher education institutions, and public and private agencies to identify strategic goals and to work towards them.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264088887-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 99
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    Better Regulation in Europe: Germany 2010 (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264085886
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bessere Rechtsetzung in Europa; Deutschland 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bessere Rechtsetzung in Europa: Deutschland 2010
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
    RVK:
    QG 215
    RVK:
    QR 300
    RVK:
    PL 387
    RVK:
    PI 3090
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Deutschland ; Governance ; Germany ; Deutschland ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Germany, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264085886-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 100
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    Towards transparent, proportionate and deliverable regulation for geological disposal : workshop proceedings, Tokyo, Japan, 20 - 22 January 2009 (2010)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264083554
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 197 S.) , Ill., graph. Darst.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2011 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Radioactive waste management
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Towards transparent, proportionate and deliverable regulation for geological disposal
    DDC: 621.4838S98
    Keywords: Radioactive waste disposal in the ground ; Waste disposal in the ground ; Konferenzschrift ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Radioaktiver Abfall ; Abfallbeseitigung
    Abstract: These workshop proceedings highlight the significant amount of work accomplished over the past decade in delivering transparent, proportionate regulation for geological disposal, and identify important differences between national regulations even if these are not in contradiction with international guidance. They also underline the importance of R&D carried out on behalf of the regulator. In addition to the contributed papers, these proceedings trace the numerous discussions that formed an integral part of the workshop. They constitute an important and unique document
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword; Table of Contents; Factual Summary of Papers, Presentations and Discussions; Main Findings: Lessons to be Learnt; List of Participants; Session 1 - Introduction; Session 2 - Fundamental Concepts and Evolution of International Guidance; Session 3 - Establishing Regulatory Criteria that Account for the Inherent Difficulties Associated with the Long-times Frames for Protection; Session 4 - Optimisation, BAT and Related Topics; Session 5 - Regulatory Research and Development Activities; Session 6 - Human Actions; Session 7 - What Was Heard so Far: The View from Outside
    Description / Table of Contents: Session 8 - Stocktaking and Closure of the Meeting
    Note: Description based upon print version of record , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264083554-en
    URL: Volltext
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