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  • BSZ  (44)
  • Online Resource  (44)
  • 2000-2004  (44)
  • Dordrecht : Springer  (44)
  • Ontology  (44)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401000475
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (LXIV, 887 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 79
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology
    Abstract: "Does the World exist?" There would be no reason to resurrect this question of modernity from its historical oblivion were it not for the fact that recent evolution in science and technology, impregnating culture, makes us wonder about the nature of reality, of the world we are living in, and of our status as living beings within it. Thus great metaphysical subjacent queries are forcefully revived, calling for new investigations to proceed in the light of the innumerable novel insights of science. This collection presents a wealth of material toward an elaboration of a new metaphysical groundwork of the ontopoiesis/ phenomenology of life sought to effect such investigations. The classic postulates of the metaphysics of reality, those of necessity and certainty here find a new formulation. Away from sclerotized ontological and cognitive assumptions and congenial with the views of contemporary science, the understanding of reality, of our world of life, and of ourselves within it is to be sought in the existential/ontopoietic ciphering of life (Tymieniecka)
    Description / Table of Contents: From the Contens:Acknowledgments.- I: Framing the Ontopoietic Vision of the World and Existence.-II: Toward Lifting of the Classical Controversy Idealism/Realism -- III: Transcendentalism Revisited -- IV: Ciphering the Plurisignificant Sharing of Existence -- V: The Creating Ciphering of Reality by Art --  VI: The Worlds of Human Inward-Outward Existential Radiation of Reality -- VII: The Cultural Ciphers of the World.- VIII: The New Ciphering of the Constant Coordinates of the World and Existence -- IX: Some Contributions to the Scientific Interpretation of the Origins of Life -- Index Of Names.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401704212
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 214 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 9
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Criminology ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: Responsibility and Punishment, Third Edition presents a clear-headed defense of retributivism against several long-standing criticisms. In the end, a viable version of retributivism emerges as one which withstands more criticism than competing theories of responsibility and punishment. Extending the problem of wrong doing to collectives and compensation, Corlett explores the matter of reparations for past wrongs in the case of the crimes committed against Native Americans by the United States Government. No other philosophical work on responsibility and punishment exhibits this breadth of scope, as it delves deeply into particular concerns with retributivism, responsibility, and certain areas of compensation. Academicians and professionals in ethics, moral, social, political, and legal philosophy are likely to benefit from this analytical treatment of responsibility and punishment. "In the Third Edition of Responsibility and Punishment, Angelo Corlett has made an outstanding book even better! Corlett's book is distinctive in the way it blends abstract theory with concrete application in a sophisticated way. There is work just on theory, and primarily applied work; but Corlett manages to meld the two in a unique and highly successful way. Highly recommended!" John Martin Fischer, author of "The Metaphysics of Free Will" and "Responsibility and Control". "This provocative and highly insightful piece of work constitutes a novel, significant, and welcome contribution to the literature on the moral justification of punishment. Corlett's development of an original version of retributivism, with special emphasis on principles of proportional punishment, is particularly engaging." Ishtiyaque Haji, author of "Deontic Morality" and "Moral Appraisability". J. Angelo Corlett is Professor of Philosophy & Ethics at San Diego State University, and author of over 75 articles in various leading philosophy and other academic journals, including the books: Analyzing Social Knowledge (Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 1996); Terrorism: A Philosophical Analysis (Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003), Philosophical Studies Series, Volume 101; Race, Racism, and Reparations (Cornell University Press, 2003). He also serves as the Editor-in -Chief of The Journal of Ethics: An International Philosophical Review (Springer), and is the editor of and contributor to Equality and Liberty: Analyzing Rawls and Nozick (Macmillan, 1990)
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401705004
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 171 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 100
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: This is the final work of the distinguished philosopher Paul Ziff, whose earlier books include Understanding Understanding, Philosophical Turnings, and Semantic Analysis. It is carefully crafted and written in numbered paragraphs rather than chapters, in style of the later Wittgenstein. The work concerns morality, rationality, symbolism and imagery. In the words of the author: "The primary thesis of this essay is that, although there are many different and conflicting moralities, both here in America and throughout the world, some of them can be criticized and rejected on rational grounds. There are other moralities that one can personally reject, but they cannot be criticized on rational grounds. The same is true of the various values and priorities that different people have. Some are open to criticism on rational grounds; others are not open to such criticism." His conclusion is: "Symbolism and imagery constitute the real and only basis of the moralities that I have endeavored to characterize here, my own morality and that of others. But the most fundamental image of all of my morality is that which is created by an appreciation of life, all life
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9789401703918
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (364 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 186
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 186
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy. ; Ontology ; History ; Political science. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: The study of natural law theories is presently one of the most fruitful areas of research in the studies of early modern intellectual history, and moral and political theory. Likewise the historical significance of the Enlightenment for the development of `modernisation' in many different forms continues to be the subject of controversy. This collection therefore offers a timely opportunity to re-examine both the coherence of the concept of an `early Enlightenment', and the specific contribution of natural law theories to its formation. The works of major thinkers such as Grotius, Hobbes, Locke, Malebranche, Pufendorf and Thomasius are reassessed, and the appeal and importance of the discourse of natural jurisprudence both to those working inside conventional educational and political structures and to those outside - such as in the Huguenot diaspora - is evaluated. This volume will therefore be of importance to all those readers concerned to study the character of the debates in the period 1650-1750 surrounding moral and political agency, sovereignty and obligation, and the legitimation of religious toleration in the divergent states and patriotic contexts of Europe
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401702096
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 312 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 97
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Biology Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy of nature ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: According to Ariel Meirav, the root of some of our most noteworthy difficulties in the metaphysics of concrete entities has been the traditional tendency to focus on the horizontal dimension of wholes (i.e. relations between the parts of a whole), and to neglect the vertical dimension (i.e. relations between the whole itself and its parts). In Wholes, Sums and Unities, Meirav formulates a critique of widely accepted mereological assumptions, presents a new conception of wholes as `Unities', and demonstrates the advantages of this new conception in treating a variety of metaphysical puzzles (such as that of Tibbles the cat). More generally he suggests that conceiving wholes as Unities offers us a new way of understanding the world in non-reductive terms
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9789401701518
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 193 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Library [2003] 2
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Library 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Semantics ; Philosophy. ; Epistemology. ; Logic ; Ontology ; Semiotics. ; Philosophy—History. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: This collection, with essays by Graham H. Bird, Jaakko Hintikka, Ilkka Niiniluoto, Jan Wolenski, will interest graduate students of the philosophy of language and logic, as well as professional philosophers, historians of analytic philosophy, and philosophically inclined logicians. Language, Truth and Knowledge brings together 11 new essays that offer a wealth of insights on a number of Carnap's concerns and ideas. The volume arose out of a symposium on Carnap's work at an international conference held in Vienna in 2001. The essays are written from a variety of perspectives: -some essays aim at rebutting influential criticisms directed at Carnap's views; -others examine and assess his thought in the light of recent developments in the neurosciences; -still others are historical and describe the development of Carnap's thought; -they all shed light on the relation of this thought and different philosophical traditions. These essays form a collection that will prove a valuable resource for our understanding of the historic Carnap and the living philosophical issues with which he grappled
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400710054
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 212 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 98
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Ontology
    Abstract: This book is a study of John Locke's metaphysics of organisms and persons, with particular emphasis on his theory of identity through time and his conventionalism with respect to kinds and essences. Although these positions seem to be obviously incompatible-his persistence conditions for organisms and persons evidently commit him to attributing de re essential properties to these objects-the final three chapters constitute a sustained argument against this position. After presenting three arguments for thinking that the organisms and persons in Locke's ontology have both spatial and temporal extent, Conn argues that on a four-dimensional ontology (and only on such an ontology) there is no contradiction between Locke's theory of identity and his rejection of essentialism
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401000390
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 232 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 101
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Political science Philosophy ; Political philosophy. ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Philosophy. ; Political science—Philosophy. ; Law—Philosophy.
    Abstract: What is terrorism? Can it ever be the right thing to do? Who is really responsible for terrorism? Should governments never negotiate with terrorists? And how can terrorism be stopped? Terrorism: A Philosophical Analysis is a unique book on terrorism that openly, rationally and passionately delves into what underlies terrorism, what in some cases justifies it on ethical grounds, and how terrorism might be dealt with successfully. Rather than assuming from the start a particular point of view about terrorism, this book uniquely engages the reader in a series of critical discussions that unveil the ethical problems underlying terrorism. A must-read for everyone interested in understanding the depths of terrorism
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401735308
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 241 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 14
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: Ethics seeks answers to questions about the moral status of human actions and human lives. Actions and lives are temporal things. Thus, one would think that answers to ethical questions should take some account of their temporal features. And yet, while a number of authors have drawn attention to the relation between time and ethics (Derek Parfit and Thomas Nagel in particular), there has never been a systematic study of the impact of temporal considerations on ethical issues. There is a pressing need for an investigation into how time and ethics impact on each other. This book leads the way in addressing that need. The essays in this collection raise and investigate some of the key issues that arise at the intersection between these two areas of philosophy. Anyone with an interest in ethics, (undergraduates, postgraduates and professional philosophers alike), will have a reason to read this book, as will anyone with an interest in the metaphysics of time, and how it connects with issues in other areas of philosophy
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401702058
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 139 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 67
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Political science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Law—Philosophy.
    Abstract: What is an action, and what is an omission? Are actions natural phenomena, or rather a product of our vision of the world? What is the difference between an action and a mere bodily movement? Can actions be counted? What is the role of intention for the identification of actions? Can we make mistakes in identifying our own actions? Under what conditions is it possible to impute a non-intentional action to someone? This book suggests answers, or at least presents conceptual tools for finding answers, to these and other, related questions. The author displays a sovereign command and profound understanding of the complex theoretical issues involved and offers an original approach to the analysis of action. The book is written in a very accessible style and is of interest to lawyers, legal scientists and philosophers. It will be of specific interest to specialists of action theory and non-specialists who wish to learn more about some of the principal philosophical and legal conceptions of action and the analysis of their structures
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  • 11
    ISBN: 9789401599825
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 298 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences 33
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 33
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Economics ; Economic theory. ; Decision making. ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Operations research ; Philosophy. ; Econometrics.
    Abstract: This book deals with a fundamental problem in political and moral philosophy: why should an otherwise rational agent comply with norms? The book is unique in that it deals with this question against the background of previously unconnected work in areas as diverse as evolutionary game theory, moral philosophy, action theory, formal decision theory, and social psychology. The author argues that standard rational choice analyses fail to explain several crucial features of norm-guided behavior. A complete analysis of the reasons rational agents have for compliance with norms has to include an account of specific virtues, such as trust and fairness. In order to accommodate these virtues in the theory of rational choice, Verbeek argues that we need to give up the inherently forward-looking character of instrumentally rational deliberation. Audience: This book will be of interest to students, philosophers, and economists, as well as other social theorists interested in norms
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9789401718660
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (516 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Topoi Library 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The book's aim is to give a working representation of what metaphysics is today. The historical contributions reveal the roots of metaphysical themes and how today's methods are linked to their Aristotelian and Leibnizian past. The volume also touches on the relationships between ontological and linguistic analysis, the questions of realism and ontological commitment, the nature of abstract objects, the existential meaning of particular quantification, the primitiveness of identity, the question of epistemic versus ontological vagueness, the necessity of origin, the nature of natural necessity, the possibility of intermittent existence, the notion of a temporal part and its place in an account of persistence, the question of identity and change across time and possible worlds, and many more. Readership: A toolbox for any researcher in metaphysics and an essential source for any PhD student with ontological interests
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Part One: Ontology and Analysis. The Question of Realism. Words and Objects -- Part Two: Essence and Existence. Being and Essence in Contemporary Interpretations of Aristotle. Some Comments on Prof. Enrico Berti's Paper "Being and Essence in Contemporary Interpretations of Aristotle". Existence, Identity, and Aristotelian Tradition. Orenstein on Existence and Identity. Abstract Objects: A Case Study. Kinds, Essence, and Natural Necessity. Kinds of Necessity: a Commentary on E.J. Lowe's Paper -- Part Three: Identity. Aristotle's Notion of Identity. Sameness in Aristole's Topics. Identity and Supervenience. Comments on Wiggings's Paper "Identity and Supervenience". Vagueness, Identity, and Leibniz's Law. Williamson on Vagueness, Identity, and Leibniz's Law. Origins and Identities. Forbes on Origins and Identities -- Part Four: Time and Persistence. Leibniz, Composite Substances and the Persistence of Organic Things. On Naturalising Leibniz (a Reply to Anthony Savile). Temporal Parts and Identity Across Time. Van Inwagen on Temporal Parts and Identity Across Time. Change and Change-Ersatz. Starting over -- List of Contributors -- Bibliography -- Index of Names.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401705882
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 286 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 89
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Religion. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: What is it for any contingent thing to exist? Why does any contingent thing exist? For some time now, the preferred style in addressing such questions has been deflationary when it has not been eliminativist. In its critical half, this book thoroughly analyzes and demolishes the main deflationary and eliminativist accounts of existence, including those of Brentano, Frege, Russell, and Quine, thereby restoring existence to its rightful place as one of the deep topics in philosophy, if not the deepest. In its constructive half, the book defends the thesis that the two questions admit of a unified answer, and that this answer takes the form of what the author calls a paradigm theory of existence. The central idea of the paradigm theory is that existence itself is a paradigmatically existent concrete individual. In this way the author vindicates onto-theology and puts paid to the Heideggerian conceit that Being cannot itself be a being. This work will be of interest to all serious students and teachers of philosophy, especially those interested in metaphysics and the philosophy of religion
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- I: The Idea of a Paradigm Theory of Existence -- II: Is Existence a First-Level Property?- III: The `No Difference' Theory -- IV: Is Existence a Property of Properties?- V: Mondial Attribute Theories -- VI: The Ontology of the Contingent Existent -- VII: The Ground of the Contingent Existent -- VIII: The Paradigm Existent. References -- Index.
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9789401003797
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 208 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 46
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Ideas for Hermeneutic Phenomenology of Natural Sciences (published in 1993 as volume 15 of this series) comprised mainly ontological reflections on the natural sciences. That book explained why the natural sciences must be considered inherently interpretive in character, and clarified the conditions under which scientific interpretations are "legitimate" and may be called "true". This companion volume focuses on methodological issues. Its first part elucidates the methodical hermeneutics developed in the 19th century by Boeckh, Birt, Dilthey, and others. Its second part, through the use of concrete examples drawn from modern physics as it unfolded from Copernicus to Maxwell, clarifies and "proves" the main points of the ontologico-hermeneutical conception of the sciences elaborated in the earlier volume. It thereby both illuminates the most important problems confronting an ontologico-phenomenological approach to the natural sciences and offers an alternative to Kuhn's conception of the historical development of the natural sciences
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401700795
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 188 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 308
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy of nature
    Abstract: In the book If Tropes, the author attempts to approach and then deal with some of the most basic problems for a theory of tropes. The investigation proceeds from three basic assumptions: (i) tropes (i.e. particular properties) exist, (ii) only tropes exist (that is, tropes are the only basic or fundamental kind of entities), and (iii) the main-function for tropes is to serve as truth-makers for atomic propositions. Provided that one accepts these assumptions the author finds that the trope-theorist will have to deal with two important matters. Some atomic propositions seem to require universal truth-makers and others seem to require concrete truth-makers. This means that universals and concrete particulars will need to be constructed from the material of tropes. Such constructions are attempted and it is argued that it is possible to deal at least with these basic issues while staying squarely within the boundaries of a purely trope-theoretical framework. The book is written in an untechnical language but requires some prior understanding of basic metaphysics
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401707190
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 433 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Power, William L. James F. Harris, Analytic Philosophy of Religion 2004
    Series Statement: Handbook of Contemporary Philosophy of Religion 3
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: This book should prove to be an invaluable resource and reference for both scholars and students interested in any problem in the area of analytic philosophy of religion. Analytic Philosophy of Religion is a thorough examination of the major issues that have occupied twentieth-century Anglo-American, analytic philosophy of religion and the positions that have been developed by the major figures in the field. The author also develops his own critical reactions to these positions and, in many cases, his own positions as well. Attention is focused on what have proven to be the enduring, major problems of analytic philosophy of religion: the development and nature of analytic philosophy, the problem of religious language, the nature of God, arguments for the existence of God, religious experience, religious epistemology, religion and science, the problem of evil, naturalism and humanism, religion and ethics, and religious pluralism. For contents and a free preview for all three volumes: www.new-in-philosophy.com
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789401728621
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIII, 215 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 17
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 17
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This volume brings together ten original, thematically-related papers, written by prominent figures in the philosophy of science in Australasia and elsewhere. The contributed papers are focused on two fundamental issues in contemporary philosophy of science, the status of scientific realism and the relationship between science and commonsense. The contemporary scientific realism debate turns on the viability of the claims that science aims at truth and that we can justifiably believe that science has achieved or approximated this aim. Several papers in the collection constitute original contributions to this debate. Other papers explore what appears to be an increasingly divergent relationship between the scientific and commonsense images of the world. This volume is a valuable resource for all who are interested in and engaged by contemporary philosophy of science
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401599948
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 293 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 10
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Abstract: This book defends moral cognitivism with a new approach. The author maintains that the truth of moral judgments is determined in fundamentally the same way as is the truth of non-moral judgments, i.e. by appeal to truth conditions which are incorporated in beliefs held in common by a wide variety of societies. She argues that if a moral theory can be developed which can account for widely held, well-established moral beliefs, this would provide a set of truth conditions for moral judgments. A theory designed to do this - and through which major moral disagreements can be resolved - is presented here, together with discussions of many actual and possible objections. The book is intended for professional philosophers and advanced students of philosophy
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9789401735759
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 282 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 313
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy. ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: Willard Van Orman Quine (1908-2000) was probably the most influential American philosopher of the twentieth century. In Trading Ontology for Ideology Lieven Decock offers an insightful analysis of the development of Quine's ontological views from his first texts in the early thirties onwards. The importance of Quine's work in logic and set theory for his ontology is highlighted. Decock argues that the tenet of extensionalism is at least as important as naturalism, and assesses the relation between the two. The other focus of the work is the relation between ontology, i.e. what there is, and ideology, i.e. what can be expressed by means of words. Decock shows that the interplay between ontology and ideology is far more complicated and interesting than has generally been assumed
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401705837
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 203 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 311
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Logic ; Ontology ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: In this book Emma Ruttkamp demonstrates the power of the full-blown employment of the model-theoretic paradigm in the philosophy of science. Within this paradigm she gives an account of sciences as process and product. She expounds the "received statement" and the "non-statement" views of science, and shows how the model-theoretic approach resolves the spurious tension between these views. In this endeavour she also engages the views of a number of contemporary philosophers of science with affinity to model theory. This text can be read by specialists working in philosophy of science or formal semantics, by logicians working on the structure of theories, and by students in philosophy of science - this text offers a thorough introduction to non-statement accounts of sciences as well as a discussion of the traditional statement account of science
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401598668
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XX, 243 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 12
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Pragmatism ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: The Emotive Theory was theory ahead of its time, and a theory which was, perhaps understandably, misinterpreted, misrepresented, and ridiculed by its critics from the outset. In Emotion, Truth and Meaning, Dr Wilks not only acquaints the reader with what the original emotivists actually claimed (and clarifies what they actually meant when they made some of the more controversial claims), he enriches their claims by psychologically expanding them. Like its predecessor, Dr Wilks's enriched emotive theory distinguishes between moral conflicts which are rationally resolvable and moral conflicts which are not, but, unlike its predecessor, it traces the irresolvability of the latter to the psychological fact that they are merely symptomatic of more fundamental conflict at the level of world view - the level where questions about the meaning of life are answered, and where the truth of the answers arrived at is emotionally-felt rather than empirically-sensed
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9789401599542
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 327 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 11
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Applied psychology ; Cross-cultural psychology. ; Ontology ; Philosophy of mind ; Religion. ; Ethnopsychology.
    Abstract: This volume is the result of an interdisciplinary exchange between philosophers of identity, moral philosophers, philosophers of education, moral psychologists, and post-modern deconstructivists on the subject of personal and moral identity. This interdisciplinary character makes the book special, compared to other publications on the subject. The contributions to the first part of the book reflect on the implications of discussions in philosophy of identity for moral theory and the view of moral identity. In the second part the focus shifts to the philosophical and psychological perspectives on the concepts of self, personal and moral identity and their interrelation. It is argued that both perspectives are needed for giving an account of the emergence of moral identity as part of someone's development into a mature person. The contributions to the third part absorb the criticism of (de)constructivist theories on essentialist conceptions of personal and social identity. This book will be of interest for philosophers and psychologists active in research on identity, self, (moral) development, and related areas
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9789401734073
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H.L. van Breda and Published under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 163
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Medieval philosophy. ; Philosophy, medieval ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy, Ancient.
    Abstract: To understand the role of time within the scope of 20th century ontology, after the fundamental works of E. Husserl, M. Heidegger, P. Ricoeur, and E. Levinas, means to develop simultaneously the ontology of time. My aim is to demonstrate that in a definite sense the postmodern onto-logy is chrono-logy. The argument proceeds (and this constitutes its essential novelty) within the `multidimensional space' involving not only the synchronic stratum of current conceptuality in its internal logical relationships, but also the diachronic axis of conceptual genesis. I apply different strategies of analysis in order to emphasize that the concept of the human Self, the concept of being, and the concept of time are inseparably linked with one another. To this triad I add one more link of a theological nature, viz. the relationship between God and the human mind as it has been developed in Orthodox apophatic theology and during the Scholastic controversies concerning the problem of visio Dei
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401598514
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 169 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 9
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Criminology ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: Responsibility and Punishment, Third Edition presents a clear-headed defense of retributivism against several long-standing criticisms. In the end, a viable version of retributivism emerges as one which withstands more criticism than competing theories of responsibility and punishment. Extending the problem of wrong doing to collectives and compensation, Corlett explores the matter of reparations for past wrongs in the case of the crimes committed against Native Americans by the United States Government. No other philosophical work on responsibility and punishment exhibits this breadth of scope, as it delves deeply into particular concerns with retributivism, responsibility, and certain areas of compensation. Academicians and professionals in ethics, moral, social, political, and legal philosophy are likely to benefit from this analytical treatment of responsibility and punishment. "In the Third Edition of Responsibility and Punishment, Angelo Corlett has made an outstanding book even better! Corlett's book is distinctive in the way it blends abstract theory with concrete application in a sophisticated way. There is work just on theory, and primarily applied work; but Corlett manages to meld the two in a unique and highly successful way. Highly recommended!" John Martin Fischer, author of "The Metaphysics of Free Will" and "Responsibility and Control". "This provocative and highly insightful piece of work constitutes a novel, significant, and welcome contribution to the literature on the moral justification of punishment. Corlett's development of an original version of retributivism, with special emphasis on principles of proportional punishment, is particularly engaging." Ishtiyaque Haji, author of "Deontic Morality" and "Moral Appraisability". J. Angelo Corlett is Professor of Philosophy & Ethics at San Diego State University, and author of over 75 articles in various leading philosophy and other academic journals, including the books: Analyzing Social Knowledge (Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 1996); Terrorism: A Philosophical Analysis (Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003), Philosophical Studies Series, Volume 101; Race, Racism, and Reparations (Cornell University Press, 2003). He also serves as the Editor-in -Chief of The Journal of Ethics: An International Philosophical Review (Springer), and is the editor of and contributor to Equality and Liberty: Analyzing Rawls and Nozick (Macmillan, 1990)
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9789401732765
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 238 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 86
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Philosophy of mind ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Self.
    Abstract: The Diachronic Mind makes an original contribution to current philosophical debates on the nature of personal identity and the reducibility of the mind. It traces traditional problems facing psychological continuity theories of personal identity to the ease with which theorists of personal identity adopt and apply a sometimes naive physicalism about the mind. This novel diagnosis opens that way to new solutions to traditional problems in the debate on the psychological criterion of personal identity. Through these solutions, an unorthodox version of nonreductive physicalism about the mind-brain relation is developed that avoids the recurrent epiphenomenalism objection to such positions. The book is written in a crisp style that presupposes no more than an elementary knowledge of philosophy. It is intended for students and professional philosophers alike
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401597470
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 240 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 67
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of law ; Science Philosophy ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy and science. ; Political science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Law—Philosophy.
    Abstract: According to platonists, entities such as numbers, sets, propositions and properties are abstract objects. But abstract objects lack causal powers and a location in space and time, so how could we ever come to know of the existence of such impotent and remote objects? In Knowledge, Cause, and Abstract Objects, Colin Cheyne presents the first systematic and detailed account of this epistemological objection to the platonist doctrine that abstract objects exist and can be known. Since mathematics has such a central role in the acquisition of scientific knowledge, he concentrates on mathematical platonism. He also concentrates on our knowledge of what exists, and argues for a causal constraint on such existential knowledge. Finally, he exposes the weaknesses of recent attempts by platonists to account for our supposed platonic knowledge. This book will be of particular interest to researchers and advanced students of epistemology and of the philosophy of mathematics and science. It will also be of interest to all philosophers with a general interest in metaphysics and ontology
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9789401706919
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 358 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences 30
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 30
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Consciousness ; Applied psychology ; Cross-cultural psychology. ; Decision making. ; Ontology ; Artificial intelligence ; Operations research ; Cognitive psychology. ; Ethnopsychology.
    Abstract: Conscience is an essential human attribute. Nevertheless, in the construction of formal models of the subject it is customarily left outside the framework of theoretical analysis. The Algebra of Conscience, whose first edition appeared in 1982, was the first specialized work modeling the phenomenon of conscience. The method used in this book made it possible to connect moral experience with decision-making procedures on the level of mathematical models. The application of such models allows us to propose the hypothesis of two fundamentally different ethical systems determining the normative patterns of human behavior in situations of conflict. Under the first ethical system the subject's self-esteem is raised if the subject seeks to resolve the conflict; in the second it is raised by seeking to dramatize the conflict. The new edition of The Algebra of Conscience is significantly expanded. The second part of the book, devoted to moral choice, is completely new. Based on the theory presented in the first part, it constructs the model of a subject capable of making an intentional choice. A special variable corresponds to the subject's intention. This development allows us to include within the model freedom of will and freedom of choice, and also to generalize classical 2×2 game theory to the case where outcomes, in addition to having utility measures, are either `positive' or `negative.' In its concluding chapters the book constructs a dynamic model of the intentional subject faced with a choice between two alternatives, neither of which is morally acceptable for the subject. It is shown that in this case the probabilities of choice of the alternatives may change chaotically. From this it follows that one cannot predict which alternative will be chosen or even the probabilities with which they will be chosen. Audience: The book is addressed to a broad readership having elementary knowledge of mathematical logic and the theory of probability. It can be used in college courses studying the modelling of moral choice. The book's material can also be used in the design of artificial intelligence systems
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401597715
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 315 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 50
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Medieval philosophy. ; Philosophy, medieval ; Ontology ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: Is Aquinas's Sententia libri Ethicorum an interpretation of Aristotle based on `principles of Christian ethics'? Or do we have in that work a presentation of the foundation of Aquinas's moral philosophy? Professor Doig answers these questions through an examination of the historical context within which the Sententia was composed. In Chapters 1-2, the work's role as a corrective of earlier commentaries is established. Chapter 3, by examining philosophy at Paris between 1215 and 1283, reveals that the proposal by Aquinas of a moral philosophy would have been unexceptional. Chapter 4's investigation of the principles underlying the moral theory of the Sententia makes apparent that they were regarded by Aquinas as both philosophical and Aristotelian. The date to be assigned the composition of the Sententia is studied in Chapter 5, and the conclusion is drawn, that with some probability, the Sententia is its author's final proposal of moral doctrines. The closing Chapter offers a summary of that moral philosophy against the historical background brought out earlier
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9789401733625
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 295 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 87
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The Importance of Time is a unique work that reveals the central role of the philosophy of time in major areas of philosophy. The first part of the book consists of symposia on two of the most important works in the philosophy of time over the past decade: Michael Tooley's Time, Tense, and Causation and D.H. Mellor's Real Time II. What characterizes these essays, and those that follow, are the interchanges between original papers, with original responses to them by commentators. The wide range of interrelated topics covered in this book is one of its most distinctive features. The book is divided into six parts: I. Book Symposia, II. Temporal Becoming, III. The Phenomenology of Time, IV. God, Time and Foreknowledge, V. Time and Physical Objects, and VI. Time and Causation, and contains 24 essays by leading philosophers in the various areas: Laurie Paul, Quentin Smith, L. Nathan Oaklander, Hugh Mellor, John Perry, William Lane Craig, Brian Leftow, Ned Markosian, Ronald C. Hoy, Michael Tooley, Storrs McCall, David Hunt, Mark Hinchliff, Robin Le Poidevin, Iain Martel and Eric M. Rubenstein
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  • 30
    ISBN: 9789401597739
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 207 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 44
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Religion—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Although there are various `religious' traces in Heidegger's philosophy, little effort has been made to show the systematic import which his thinking has for outlining a full range of religious and theological questions. Precisely because his thought is opposed to the construction of any `dogma', his vast writings provide clues to what meaning(s) the `Sacred' and the `Divine' may have in a postmodern age where the very possibility of `faith' hangs in the balance. By showing how Heidegger's own thinking can be interpreted as a struggle to come to terms with religious questions, this book undertakes a postmodern investigation of the Sacred which both draws upon and transcends various world-religions and denominations. A postmodern, non-sectarian vision of the Sacred thereby becomes possible which is open to the plurality of religious experiences on the one hand, and yet affirms on the other Heidegger's emphasis (in Beiträge zur Philosophie) on the `last god' as the displacing of all sectarian visions of god. This book will have special appeal to Heidegger scholars, as well as students interested in the overlap between phenomenology and philosophical theology
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  • 31
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401597531
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 267 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 43
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Ontology ; Phenomenology
    Abstract: While earlier research considered Simone de Beauvoir in the perspectives of Existentialism or Feminism, this work is the first to emphasize her reflective and descriptive approach and the full range of issues she addresses. There are valuable chapters and sections that are historical and/or comparative, but most of the contents of this work critically examine Beauvoir's views on old age (whereon she is the first phenomenologist to work), biology, gender, ethics, ethnicity (where she is among the first), and politics (again among the first). Besides their systematic as well as historical significance, these chapters show her philosophy as on a par with those of Merleau-Ponty and Jean-Paul Sartre in quality, richness and distinctiveness of problematics, and the penetration of her insight into collective as well as individual human life within the socio-historical world
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401720106
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 294 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 85
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy. ; Political philosophy. ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; History ; Political science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History.
    Abstract: In this well-researched, comprehensive study of J.S. Mill, Professor Habibi argues that the persistent, dominant theme of Mill's life and work was his passionate belief in human improvement and progress. Several Mill scholars recognize this; however, numerous writers overlook his 'growth ethic', and this has led to misunderstandings about his value system. This study defines and establishes the importance of Mill's growth ethic and clears up misinterpretations surrounding his notions of higher and lower pleasures, positive and negative freedom, the status of children, the legitimacy of authority, and support for British colonialism. Drawing from the entire corpus of Mill's writings, as well as the extensive secondary literature, Habibi has written the most focused, sustained analysis of Mill's grand, leading principle. This book will be useful to college students in philosophy and intellectual history as well as specialists in these fields
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  • 33
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401596688
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 296 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica 159
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 159
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of mind ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: The book is an analytic exposition of Brentano's early theory of intentionality. In spite of the immense influence of this theory it is the first separate monograph on this topic. The book is based in great part on the unpublished manuscripts where one can find substantially better articulated formulations then those expressed in the already published `standard' works. Our analysis concentrates mainly on the ontological and epistemological problems of Brentano's immanent object. We highlight an interesting ambiguity of this concept and try to outline the inner logic of its evolution. It turns out that Brentano's early philosophy of intentionality should be conceived not as a single, well defined theory but rather as a bundle of kindred but not always fully consistent and sometimes even competing ideas. Primary audience for the work are philosophers interested in Brentano's philosophy, theory of intentionality and its epistemology and ontology, phenomenologists and cognitive scientists. Das Buch bietet eine analytische Darstellung von Brentanos früher Theorie der Intentionalität. Trotz der großen historischen Bedeutung dieser Theorie bildet es die erste Monographie zu diesem Thema. Das Buch basiert zum größten Teil auf den unveröffentlichten Manuskripten, in denen man die Formulierungen findet, die viel besser artikuliert sind als jene, die in den publizierten Standard-Werken Brentanos zu finden sind. Unsere Analyse konzentriert sich in erster Linie auf die ontologischen und epistemischen Probleme des Brentanoschen immanenten Objekts. Wir besprechen eine interessante Mehrdeutigkeit dieses Begriffs und skizzieren die innere Logik seiner Entwicklung. Es stellt sich heraus, daß die frühe Philosophie der Intentionalität Brentanos nicht als eine einheitliche, eindeutig bestimmte Theorie, sondern eher als ein Bündel von verwandten, jedoch nicht immer völlig koherenten und manchmal sogar konkurrierenden Ideen interpretiert werden soll. Das Buch wendet sich in erster Linie an die Philosophen, die sich für die Philosophie Brentanos, für die österreichische Philosophie, für die Theorie der Intentionalität und ihre Epistemologie und Ontologie interessieren. Es wird ferner auch für die Phänomenologen und die Forscher im Bereich der cognitive science interessant sein
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  • 34
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401593656
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 191 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: International Library of Ethics, Law, and the New Medicine 4
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    Keywords: Medicine ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Public health
    Abstract: Preventive Medicine between Obligation and Aspiration is a study of ethical questions regarding mass screening, vaccination, and health policy programmes. These interventions aim to enhance public health but may also constrain personal autonomy and cause harm, and influence our moral views. So far, these issues have hardly been subject to systematic ethical analysis. This study aims to fill this gap by providing an overview of moral problems in preventive medicine and by explicating norms for good practice. Throughout the book it is argued that some moral concerns about prevention - namely concerns about medicalization - cannot be adequately grasped in terms of strict and binding moral norms. Various moral concepts and types of norms `beyond obligation' are explored and developed in order to give practical meaning to these rather vague concerns. In this way the book contributes to applied ethics as well as to ethical theory. It is of interest to professionals in public health and preventive medicine and to scholars in applied ethics and moral philosophy
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401595209
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 227 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 45
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Political science. ; Public international law. ; Logic ; Ontology ; Philosophy. ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; Law—Philosophy. ; International law. ; Comparative law.
    Abstract: This book examines in some detail how our concepts of an ideal or `universal' audience influence legal argument. It shows how asking what are the arguments and the forms of argumentation that we believe would be accepted by such an audience, is a useful analytical tool. The book explores what, if any, are the constraints that our vision of an ideal audience imposes on public discourse and particularly on legal discourse. Some visions of a universal audience are widely shared; others are only shared within particular political and legal cultures. Stylistic preferences can have as important an influence on legal decision making as do substantive preferences. In some cultures and legal systems there is a preference to resort to broad general principles; in others there is a preference for a more circumscribed and particular mode of legal argument. Different legal cultures have different idealized notions as to the role of the judge. Different conceptions of the role of the judge will influence many aspects of legal decision making, including how statutes and other authoritative official instruments should be interpreted. All these issues will also be influenced by how a particular legal culture envisions the common or public good and by how tolerant a particular legal culture is of diverse outcomes, that is by how much discretion superior legal decision makers are prepared to grant inferior decision makers. This volume will be of interest to academics and professionals in the fields of legal philosophy, argumentation and comparative law
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  • 36
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401009638
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 257 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Public Policy and Public Administration 5
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Ontology ; Economic policy ; Political science.
    Abstract: Research on government institutions is one of the most exciting intellectual areas in political science and policy studies today. Increasingly it is recognized by scholars in these fields that effective and legitimate policies depend on the design and maintenance of complex institutional arrangements. This book brings together some of the leading scholars in institutional research in The Netherlands. Their work addresses such perennially difficult questions in institutional research such as: How do we understand institutional change? How do we measure the effects of institutions on societal sectors and public policy? How do the normative foundations of government institutions influence their functioning? What are the principles of effective and legitimate institutional design? Through analysis of well-researched examples ranging from the fabled Dutch `poldermodel', through the transformation of the welfare state, through privatizations of the Dutch telecommunications industry, to the work of welfare officials, these authors demonstrate the interpenetration of normative, empirical and design issues in institutional theory. The book is intended for scholars and graduate students in political science, public policy, public administration, and law
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401593458
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 294 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 293
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The central question in the philosophy of time is whether time is tensed or tenseless, viz., whether the moments of time are objectively past, present or future, or whether they are ordered merely by the tenseless temporal relations earlier than, simultaneous with, and later than. In this book and the companion volume The Tenseless Theory of Time: A Critical Examination, Craig undertakes the first thorough appraisal of the arguments for and against the tensed and tenseless theories of time. The discussions range widely over issues in the philosophy of language, phenomenology, relativity theory, philosophy of space and time, metaphysics, and philosophy of religion. The Tensed Theory of Time sets out to discover whether the ineliminability of tense from language and our experience of tense warrants a belief in its objective ontological status, or whether the defeaters raised by McTaggart's paradox and the Myth of Passage serve to undermine any warrant that the tensed theory of time may be supposed to enjoy
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9789401593694
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 291 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Science and Philosophy 10
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy and science. ; Epistemology. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Abstract: Schopenhauer's philosophy, at first sight so beautifully rounded, upon analysis reveals itself as the secret arena of two conflicting world-views. The present analysis considers the conflict by confronting Schopenhauer as a `disciple-of-sorts of Kant' with Schopenhauer as `Goethe's one-time collaborator on the theory of colour'. Here the two meet over profound issues which the Scientific Revolution of the 17th century has ineluctably put before us: what is the right level at which to apprehend nature; what is the proper foundation for a consistent ethics; how (if at all) to arrive at a unified conception of a world broken by modern science? In this deeply-delving, lucidly written, humane and erudite study, the history of philosophical currents is blended with history of science, with history of ideas generally, and (to elucidate relevant portions of Schopenhauer's biography and intellectual and social environment) with German history too. The analysis, while benefiting from the scholarly literature, is grounded primarily in original research among the collected works of Schopenhauer, Kant and Goethe, considered in all their philosophical, scientific, and literary variety
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401093316
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Issues in Business Ethics 16
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Industrial management ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Personnel management. ; Management.
    Abstract: What would tempt you to whistleblow? Do Codes of Conduct make organisations ethical? How do people react to taking the blame for others? This book answers such questions, drawing on the views of employees in eight large organisations. One finding is the `whited sepulchre phenomenon': an organisation which presents a squeaky-clean image to the world but has intrinsic failings which cause moral dilemmas for staff. While treatment of customers is regulated by Codes and Charters, internal organisation is typically more anarchic. The study also exposes the moral conflicts generated by party-political machinations in organisations with democratic governance. The book offers a unique perspective on ethical attitudes at work and reactions to responsibility and accountability. It finds that, although religious belief is declining, strong moral beliefs still thrive and `ethical employees' abound. It highlights the importance of empowerment, procedures, and professionalism in creating the `moral organisation'. This original study will interest practitioners in business, the public sector and NGOs, especially human resources professionals, as well as philosophers and business ethicists
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401714785
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 175 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 5
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: The outstanding features of this book are that it directly confronts the challenge posed by G.E.M. Anscombe in Modern Moral Philosophy of how moral philosophy can be done, it makes a significant contribution to the debate on virtue theory and anti-theory in ethics, and it shows the relevance of such theoretical discussion by grounding it in, and applying it to, contemporary moral issues such as abortion, suicide, and the moral status of animals. No other book currently available covers this ground. The book is aimed primarily at upper-level undergraduates, graduate students and faculty in philosophy, but it should be accessible to anyone with an interest in practical ethics or the philosophy of Wittgenstein
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401141444
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 158 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 8
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Decision making. ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Microeconomics ; Operations research ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: The papers collected here represent the most recent work on a much-neglected problem in practical reasoning - the problem of imperceptible harms and benefits. This problem is better characterized as a series of both practical and technical paradoxes, since those who deny the existence of imperceptible decrements (or increments) face problems no less perplexing than those who affirm their existence. The puzzles and paradoxes combine very practical and pressing worries about our obligations to relieve starvation, mitigate suffering and conserve resources, with deep metaethical worries about the nature of practical rationality and dynamic choice. This collection gathers together the work of moral philosophers, decision theorists, and economic theorists in an attempt to display the dimensions of the problem and to advance alternative solutions
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401596169
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 216 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences 28
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 28
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Modern philosophy. ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Abstract: It is an obvious fact that human agency is constrained and structured by many kinds of rules: rules that are constitutive for communication, morality, persons, and society, and juridical rules. So the question is: what roles are played by social rules and the structural traits of human agency in rational decision making? What bearing does this have on the theory of practical rationality? These issues can only be discussed within an interdisciplinary setting, with researchers drawn from philosophy, decision theory and the economic and social sciences. The problem is of profound, fundamental concern to the social scientist and has attracted a great deal of intellectual effort. Contributors include distinguished researchers in their respective fields and the book thus presents state-of-the-art theory. It can also be used as a textbook in advanced philosophy, economics and social science classes
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401723619
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 277 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: What are the conditions which must be met for a person to be justly held responsible for his or her moral faults and failures? This is the first book that pays systematic attention to ontological issues impinging on this question. It contains a selection of the papers discussed at the International Confererence on Moral Responsibility and Ontology held at Utrecht University, The Netherlands. In Part I the stage is set by the keynote speakers of the conference, Peter van Inwagen and R. Jay Wallace. Subsequent parts are devoted to responsibility and personal identity, incompatibilist arguments, compatibilist positions, and some related subjects. The book will be enjoyed by scholars in the field and students alike
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401734738
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 262 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 294
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The central question in the philosophy of time is whether time is tensed or tenseless, viz., whether the moments of time are objectively past, present or future, or whether they are ordered merely by the tenseless temporal relations earlier than, simultaneous with, and later than. In this book and the companion volume The Tensed Theory of Time: A Critical Examination, Craig undertakes the first thorough appraisal of the arguments for and against the tensed and tenseless theories of time. The discussions range widely over issues in the philosophy of language, phenomenology, relativity theory, philosophy of space and time, metaphysics, and philosophy of religion. The Tenseless Theory of Time sets out to discover whether the ineliminability of tense from language and our experience of tense warrants a belief in its objective ontological status, or whether the defeaters raised by McTaggart's paradox and the Myth of Passage serve to undermine any warrant that the tensed theory of time may be supposed to enjoy
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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