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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (1,137)
  • HU-Berlin Edoc  (232)
  • Bayreuth UB  (76)
  • MFK München  (61)
  • IVB  (42)
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  • Oxford : Oxford University Press
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  • 1
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Oxford : Oxford University Press | Milton Keynes : open University ; 1.1995 -
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1995 -
    DDC: 910
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 2
    Language: English
    Series Statement: Oxford handbooks in religion and theology
    Keywords: Cults ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Neue Religion
    Note: Band 2 herausgegeben von James R. Lewis und Inga B. Tøllefsen , Teilweise mit dem Gesamttitel Oxford handbooks in religion and theology erschienen
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0177-7777
    Language: Undetermined
    Dates of Publication: Nr. 1.1985 -
    DDC: 320
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 4
    Language: English
    Series Statement: Oxford constitutional theory
    DDC: 342
    RVK:
    Keywords: Law Philosophy ; State, The ; Political science ; Constitutional law ; Constitutional law ; Political science ; State, The ; Constitutional law ; Political science ; State, The ; Electronic books
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780191905780
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Oxford handbooks
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 303.4
    Keywords: Sociology & anthropology / thema ; Social evolution
    Note: This handbook is currently in development, with individual articles publishing online in advance of print publication. At this time, we cannot add information about unpublished articles in this handbook, however the table of contents will continue to grow as additional articles pass through the review process and are added to the site. Please note that the online publication date for this handbook is the date that the first article in the title was published online , Monthly
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780197653630
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Oxford handbooks online
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 303.4834
    Keywords: Computers and IT. / ukslc ; Sociology & anthropology / thema ; Machine learning / Social aspects
    Abstract: This handbook is currently in development, with individual articles publishing online in advance of print publication. At this time, we cannot add information about unpublished articles in this handbook, however the table of contents will continue to grow as additional articles pass through the review process and are added to the site. Please note that the online publication date for this handbook is the date that the first article in the title was published online
    Note: This handbook is currently in development, with individual articles publishing online in advance of print publication. At this time, we cannot add information about unpublished articles in this handbook, however the table of contents will continue to grow as additional articles pass through the review process and are added to the site. Please note that the online publication date for this handbook is the date that the first article in the title was published online. , Monthly
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 7
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Oxford : Oxford University Press ; Book 1-
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Book 1-
    DDC: 340
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780197547953
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Oxford handbooks online
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 342.7307
    Keywords: Advice and Rights / ukslc ; Laws of specific jurisdictions & specific areas of law / thema ; Election law / United States
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Election Law and Democratic Theory - James A. Gardner -- - Party Polarization - Michael Kang -- - Political Speech - Michael Dimino -- - Voting under the Federal Constitution - Travis Crum , This handbook is currently in development, with individual articles publishing online in advance of print publication. At this time, we cannot add information about unpublished articles in this handbook, however the table of contents will continue to grow as additional articles pass through the review process and are added to the site. Please note that the online publication date for this handbook is the date that the first article in the title was published online , Monthly
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 9
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (235 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2023
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Reflexive Bibliometrie ; Forschungsevaluation ; Forschungsverhalten ; Rational Choice Framework ; Akademische Kultur ; Publikationsdruck ; Foschungsqualität ; wissenschaftliches Fehlverhalten ; Reflexive Metrics ; Research Evaluation ; Research Behaviour ; Rational Choice Framework ; Academic Culture ; Publication Pressure ; Research Quality ; Research Misconduct ; Soziologie und Anthropologie ; Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften ; Organisationen und Management ; Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften
    Abstract: Diese Dissertation aus der Sparte der Reflexiven Bibliometrie erforscht die Rückwirkungen der Verwendung von quantitativen Indikatoren in der Wissenschaftsevaluation auf die Wissensproduktion und Forschungsqualität in der Astronomie. Eine qualitative Analyse der strukturellen Bedingungen der akamdeischen Astronomie anhand des Rational Choice Frameworks führen zur Beobachtung eines "Evaluation Gap" zwischen dem, was Indikatoren messen und dem, was Forscher unter Forschungsqualität verstehen. Die Analyse offenbart weiters einen Balanceakt, in dem Astronomen zwischen Publikationsdruck und Forschungsintegrität Kompromisse finden. Weiterführende quantitative Untersuchungen unter Einbezug von Organisational Culture Theories und Self-Determination Theory zeigen, dass kontrollierte Formen von Motivation zu einem erhöhten Publikationsdruck und wissenschaftlichem Fehlverhalten führen, während autonome Formen von Motivation das Gegenteil bewirken. Schließlich skizziert die Arbeit Wege zur Transformation der Forschungskultur hin zu mehr Vielfalt und Partizipation, einschließlich der Einführung offener Wissensmanagement-Infrastrukturen und kontinuierlicher, reflexiver Evaluationsprozesse.
    Abstract: This dissertation from the field of Reflexive Bibliometrics, investigates the constitutive effects of utilizing quantitative metrics in research evaluation on knowledge production and research quality in astronomy. Embedded in the Rational Choice Framework to analyze the structural conditions within academic astronomy, a qualitative analysis reveals an "Evaluation Gap" between what metrics measure and researchers' perceptions of research quality. Furthermore, the analysis unveils a balancing act where astronomers navigate compromises between publication pressures and research integrity. Subsequent quantitative analyses, incorporating Organizational Culture Theories and Self-Determination Theory, demonstrate that controlled forms of motivation exacerbate publication pressure and scientific misconduct, while autonomous motivations yield contrasting effects. Lastly, the study outlines pathways towards transforming research culture towards greater diversity and participation, including the adoption of open knowledge management infrastructures and continuous, reflexive evaluation processes.
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 10
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2023
    DDC: 300
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Rückkehrabsichten ; Viktimisierung ; gefesseltes Umzugsunternehmen ; fremdenfeindliche Proteste ; return intentions ; victimization ; tied movers ; xenophobic protests ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: In dieser Dissertation untersuche ich verschiedene Aspekte des Integrationsprozesses von Migranten und Flüchtlingen, insbesondere wie sich ihre Präsenz auf die Protestaktivitäten und Einstellungen von Einheimischen auswirkt. Die vier Kapitel bauen auf der bestehenden Literatur auf und zielen darauf ab, diese in mehreren Aspekten zu ergänzen. Das erste und das zweite Kapitel verbessern unser Verständnis der kausalen Auswirkungen der Bedingungen im Heimatland auf die Rückkehrabsichten und die Arbeitsmarktintegration von Migranten im Zielland sowie das Verständnis der Auswirkungen traumatischer Erfahrungen während der Flucht auf die Arbeitsmarktintegration von Flüchtlingen. Das dritte Kapitel befasst sich mit der soziokulturellen Integration von Familienmigranten in einem Land, das nicht ihre erste Wahl darstellt. Das vierte Kapitel untersucht die Auswirkungen der Anwesenheit von Ausländern auf die Protestaktivität einer bestimmten Gruppe von Einheimischen und wie sich diese Proteste auf die Besorgnis über Fremdenfeindlichkeit und Intoleranz auf nationaler Ebene auswirken. Die Ergebnisse der Dissertation sollen die politischen Entscheidungsträger über die potenziellen Nebenwirkungen der Migrationspolitik informieren und empirische Erkenntnisse liefern, die zur Verbesserung bestehender und zur besseren Gestaltung künftiger politischer Maßnahmen beitragen.
    Abstract: In this PhD thesis, I look at different aspects of the integration process of migrants and refugees, and how their presence affects the protest activity and attitudes of natives. The four chapters build on and aim to extend the existing literature along several dimensions. The first and second chapters improve our understanding of the causal effect of home country conditions on migrants' return intentions and labour market outcomes at destination and of the effect of traumatizing experiences along the journey on refugees' labour market integration. The third chapter explores the socio-cultural integration of family migrants in a country that was not their primary choice, while the fourth chapter examines the effect of the presence of foreigners on the protest activity of a particular group of natives and how these protests affect worries about xenophobia and intolerance at the national level. The findings in the dissertation aim to inform policymakers on the potential side-effect of migration policies and to provide empirical evidence that help improve existing policies and better design future ones.eral dimensions.
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  • 11
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (275 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2023
    DDC: 378
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Forschungsförderung ; Hochschulforschung ; Research Councils ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft ; research funding ; higher education research ; Research Councils ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft ; Hochschulbildung (Tertiärbereich) ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Die Dissertation befasst sich mit der Forschungsförderung durch die britischen Research Councils AHRC und ESRC und die DFG. Sie analysiert, ob diese Förderorganisationen von ihren jeweiligen Regierungen gesteuert werden und ob dies in ihrer Arbeitspraxis und ihren Förderentscheidungen sichtbar ist. Darüber hinaus betrachtet die Dissertation die Perspektive der wissenschaftlichen Community sowohl als Empfänger von Fördermitteln als auch als Mitglieder der verschiedenen Gremien der Förder-organisationen. In der Arbeit wird ein vergleichender Ansatz angewandt, der die spezifischen Merkmale des AHRC, des ESRC und der DFG als intermediäre Organisationen untersucht. Das Konzept der Intermediäre basiert auf den Forschungsergebnissen von Braun (1993), Braun und Guston (2003) und van der Meulen (2003). Die Autorin führte Experteninterviews mit wissenschaftlichen Mitgliedern des AHRC, ESRC und der DFG und führte eine Delphi-Befragung unter Wissenschaftlern aus kunst-, geistes- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Fachbereichen an Hochschulen in GB und Deutschland durch. Aus der Analyse der Daten lässt sich schließen, dass die Teilnahme an oder die Durchführung von Programmen und Initiativen, die Ausdruck einer Regierungspriorität sind, dem Image der Fördereinrichtung in der wissenschaftlichen Community schaden kann. Im Rahmen der Prinzipal-Agent-Theorie wurde den wissenschaftlichen Mitgliedern der Förderorganisation eine starke und einflussreiche Rolle zugeschrieben. Diese Hypothese wurde durch die Datenanalyse bestätigt. Die Dissertation bestätigt auch, dass Wissenschaftler ihre Forschung an Förderformate und Erfolgsaussichten anpassen und ausrichten. In ihrer Rolle als Intermediäre unterliegen Förderorganisationen Verpflichtungen gegenüber ihrem Prinzipal und gegenüber ihren Agenten. Die formellen (satzungsgemäßen) Verpflichtungen müssen mit den informellen Verpflichtungen (Vertrauen und Loyalität) in Einklang gebracht werden. Dies ist der Schlüssel zu ihrer Vermittlungsfunktion.
    Abstract: The PhD thesis focusses on research funding by the British Research Councils AHRC and ESRC and the German DFG. It discusses whether these funding agencies are steered by their respective governments and whether this is visible in their working practice and their funding decisions. In addition, the PhD thesis addresses the perspective of the scientific community both as recipients of funding and as members of the different bodies of the funding agency. The thesis uses a comparative approach, examining the specific characteristics of the AHRC, ESRC and the DFG as intermediary organisations in order to uncover their differences and similarities. The concept of intermediaries is based on research by Braun (1993), Braun and Guston (2003), and van der Meulen (2003). The author conducted expert interviews with academic members of the AHRC, ESRC and the DFG and carried out a Delphi survey among scholars from arts, humanities and social science departments at HEIs in the UK and Germany. Concluding from the data, the participation in or implementation of programmes and initiatives which are expressions of a government priority, can easily lead to the impression that the funding agency is being steered by government. For the DFG as well as the AHRC and the ESRC, one challenge was similar: that of finding a balance between short- term political considerations and long-term scientific priorities. Within the framework of principal-agent theory, a strong and influential role was ascribed to the academic members of the funding agency. This hypothesis was confirmed in the data analysis. The thesis also confirmed that scholars adapt and align their research to funding formats and the prospects of success. In their role as intermediaries, funding agencies are subject to commitments towards their principal and towards their agents. Formal (by Statutes) commitments need to be brought in line with informal commitments (trust and loyalty). This is key to their mediating function.
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (22 p.)
    Keywords: Agricultural economics
    Abstract: By the 2010s, the view that state mismanagement and inefficiencies underlay the Congo’s economic malaise had become so commonplace as to permeate nearly all thinking about development in the country. The aim of this chapter is to challenge this line of thinking and question the Consensus wisdom of moving from domestic-owned to foreign-owned industrial mining based on a belief in the superior efficiency of the latter. By charting the rise and fall of Belgian-owned SOMINKI (1976-1997) and Canadian-owned Banro (1995-2019) in eastern Congo, its main line of argument is that foreign-owned and managed mining corporations are no less vulnerable to mismanagement, firm inefficiencies, and volatile prices than their state-owned counterparts. This included, in the case of Banro, rent-seeking behaviour, redirecting value to overseas directors and shareholders at the expense of productive capacity and to the detriment of the Congolese state and Congolese firms and labour
    Note: English
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  • 13
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (337 p.)
    Keywords: Semantics & pragmatics ; Sociolinguistics ; Historical & comparative linguistics
    Abstract: Distributional semantics embodies the idea that the context in which a word occurs reveals the meaning of that word. In contemporary corpus linguistics, that idea takes shape in various types of quantitative context analysis. This monograph explores how count-based token-level semantic vector spaces, as an advanced form of such a quantitative methodology, can be applied to the study of polysemy, lexical variation, and lectometry. What can distributional models reveal about meaning? How can they be used to analyse the semantic relationship between near-synonyms? And how can they contribute to the study of lexical variation as a sociolinguistic variable? The book details the conceptual background of lexical semantic and lexical variation research, explains the mechanism of distributional modelling, and introduces distributional workflows and corpus linguistic tools to answer the questions. Combining a cognitive linguistic interest in meaning with a sociolinguistic interest in variation, it illustrates that distributional methodology with case studies on Dutch and Spanish lexical data, focusing on the value of distributional models for semantic analysis, the interaction of semasiological and onomasiological change, and sociolinguistic issues of lexical standardization and pluricentricity
    Note: English
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.)
    Keywords: Agricultural economics
    Abstract: This introductory chapter sets out the book’s aims and contributions, outlines its main lines of argument, and details the theoretical foundations underpinning the African Mining Consensus, which holds that transnational mining corporations are best placed to drive structurally transformative processes of mining-based development on the continent. It then moves on to document how, in establishing this Consensus position, proponents have tended to misrepresent or disregard some of the classic critiques mounted by a group of pioneering early development economists. These critiques focused on the specific challenges and constraints faced by income-poor peripheral countries seeking development through deeper integration with the global capitalist economy. Returning to these earlier critiques provides helpful lenses with which to explore, with some adaptation, several axes of tension within the ongoing process of foreign corporate-led mining industrialization in low-income African countries that are overlooked by the absent or simplistic representation of these critiques by Consensus proponents
    Note: English
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  • 15
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.)
    Keywords: Agricultural economics
    Abstract: The aim of this chapter is to historically situate the case of mining in the Congo within its broader regional context. It is organized in three sections, each corresponding to a separate stage of the process that led to transnational mining corporations once again becoming the dominant force assuming ownership and management of industrial mining projects across the continent. The first stage involved a diagnosis of the economic challenges faced by African economies from the mid-1970s as due to misguided state intervention and government corruption. Based on this diagnosis, during the second stage, the IMF and the World Bank advocated for, financed, and in many instances directly oversaw the liberalization, privatization, and deregulation of mining sectors in low-income African economies. The third stage required criminalizing African miners involved in labour-intensive forms of production and, if required, forcibly displacing them to make way for the construction of capital-intensive, foreign corporate-owned mines
    Note: English
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9780198898917
    Language: English
    Pages: xiv, 434 Seiten
    Series Statement: The history and theory of international law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The individual in international law
    Abstract: "An abstract is a short description of your longer piece of work and is used as a free layer of content discoverable online. An abstract should not attempt to summarise the whole work as it is also there to show readers whether or not reading further is warranted. It is used to allow people searching on the internet to see that they have encountered a worthwhile 'hit'. This will encourage them to read further by clicking through to the work in full"--
    Abstract: Shifts across the corpus of international law have brought the international legal system into a closer alignment with the interests of the individual. This has led to a great and growing interest in the roles and status of individuals in international law, and provided new impulses for debate. The Individual in International Law is an exploration of what is described as the humanisation of international law. It examines how international law has accommodated individuals, and how individual status, rights, and obligations have become denser and more important in the international legal system. Split into two parts, the book analyses the humanisation of international law in different historical periods and from various theoretical perspectives. The first part focuses on the historical evolution of international law, exploring how the interests of individuals have shaped the development of the legal system from antiquity to 1945, providing a counterpoint to State-centric readings of international law's history. The second part contains theoretical debates, critical approaches, and interdisciplinary investigations, offering perspectives from ius positivism and ius naturalism, Marxism, TWAIL, feminism, global law, global constitutionalism, law and economics, and legal anthropology. The book aims to stimulate further research on the humanisation and dehumanisation of new fields ranging from the ius contra bellum to climate law. The editors' introduction and conclusion frame the contributions, draw together their findings, and address critiques comprehensively. Written by a team of acknowledged experts in their fields, this volume elucidates how the interests, rights, obligations, and responsibilities of individuals have shaped international norms and regimes, and suggests how a reoriented transformative humanism can inform and develop international law in an era of profound ideological, ecological, and technical challenge.
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  • 17
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (261 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2024
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; LSBT* ; Queer ; Habitus ; Geschlechternormen ; Bildung ; Sexual Orientation Wage Gap ; Gender Pay Gap ; nicht-binär ; trans* ; LGBT* ; queer ; habitus ; gender norms ; education ; sexual orientation wage gap ; gender pay gap ; non-binary ; trans* ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: LSBT*-Personen unterscheiden sich häufig in gelebten Familien- und Partnerschaftskonzepten von der heteronormativen Idealvorstellung und weisen womöglich deshalb bedeutsame Differenzen in Bildungsabschlüssen, Löhnen und beruflichen Status verglichen zur heterosexuellen Cisbevölkerung auf. Mithilfe der gezielten Aufstockungsstichprobe von LSBT*-Personen des SOEP und der Onlinebefragung LGBielefeld analysiert die Dissertation die soziale Lage queerer Personen in der Intersektion von sozialer Herkunft, sexueller Orientierung und Geschlechtsidentität. LSB*-Cispersonen aus Arbeiter*innenklassen erreichen in Deutschland höhere Bildungstitel verglichen mit ihren heterosexuellen Pendants. Gemäß der ‚Queer Habitus‘ Hypothese führt das Begehren außerhalb der Heteronormativität zu einer Reflektion des Klassenhabitus und damit einer „Klassenflucht“ durch Bildung. Allerdings lohnen sich die höheren Bildungserrungenschaften finanziell weniger als für heterosexuelle Cispersonen, da LSB*-Cispersonen auf strukturelle Barrieren stoßen. Ambivalente Beziehungen zur Herkunftsfamilie und stärkere Bindungen zur Wahlfamilie bedeuten außerdem elternunabhängige Karrierewege. Das letzte empirische Kapitel präsentiert erstmalig gemeinsam den Gender Pay Gap und Sexual Orientation Wage Gap inkl. vielfältiger Geschlechter. LSBT*-Personen profitieren nicht von einer Eheschließung. Queere Paare organisieren Arbeit egalitärer, weshalb sie nicht wie heterosexuelle Cismänner auf die Übernahme von Fürsorge- und Hausarbeit der Ehefrauen zurückgreifen können und somit lediglich heterosexuelle Cismänner die Vorteile einer Heiratsprämie genießen. Gelebte Partnerschafts- und Familienverhältnisse jenseits heteronormativer Vorstellungen üben also einen bedeutenden Einfluss auf die soziale Lage aus. Vielmehr als Chancen zu erhöhen, legen die Analysen nahe, dass Dominanzverhältnisse und Vorteile abgebaut werden müssen, um Gleichstellung über rechtliche Veränderungen hinaus auch in die Realität zu übertragen.
    Abstract: LGBT* people often differ from the heteronormative ideals in their family and partnership concepts and may therefore differ substantially in terms of educational qualifications, wages and occupational status compared to the heterosexual cis-population. The dissertation analyzes the education and social destination of queer people in the intersection of social origin, sexual orientation and gender identity using the oversample of LGBT* people in the SOEP and by using the LGBielefeld online survey. LGB* cisgender people from working-class backgrounds achieve higher educational attainments in Germany compared to their heterosexual counterparts. According to the 'queer habitus' hypothesis, desire outside of heteronormativity can lead to a reflection of the class habitus and thus to "escape from home" through education. However, higher educational attainment is less financially rewarding than for heterosexual cisgender people, as LGB* cisgender people seem to face structural barriers. Ambivalent relationships to the family-of-origin and stronger ties to the family-of-choice also indicate career paths independent of parents. The final empirical chapter jointly presents the Gender Pay Gap and Sexual Orientation Wage Gap including gender diversity for the first time. LGBT* people do not benefit from marriage. Queer couples organize work in a more egalitarian way, which is why they cannot rely on their wives to take on care and housework like heterosexual cisgender husbands, which means that only heterosexual cisgender men enjoy the benefits of a marriage premium. Lived partnership and family relationships beyond heteronormative ideas therefore have a considerable impact on the social situation. Rather than increasing equal opportunities, the analyses suggest that dominance relations and advantages must be minimized in order to implement equality in everyday life beyond legal changes.
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  • 18
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (180 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2022
    DDC: 320
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Georgien ; Arbeit ; Vermarktlichung ; Gegenbewegung ; Polanyi ; Gramsci ; Georgia ; labor ; marketization ; countermovement ; Polanyi ; Gramsci ; Politikwissenschaft (Politik und Regierung) ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Im Zeitraum 2004-2006 wurde in Georgien eine beispiellose Deregulierung des Arbeitsmarktes vorgenommen, um die internationale Wettbewerbsfähigkeit zu verbessern. Diese Maßnahmen waren Teil umfassenderer Vermarktlichung- und Privatisierungsbemühungen, die von den so genannten "Rosenrevolutionären" Eliten angeführt wurden. Diese Studie, die sich auf Karl Polanyis Konzept der Arbeit als "fiktive Ware" stützt, untersucht, wie eine solche Kommodifizierung die Wirtschaft von der Gesellschaft entkoppelt und gesellschaftliche Gegenbewegungen hervorruft, die sich gegen die Expansion des Marktes schützen wollen. Polanyis "Doppelbewegung" beschreibt gesellschaftspolitische Kräfte, die eine demokratische Kontrolle des politischen und wirtschaftlichen Lebens anstreben und die künstliche Trennung zwischen beiden in Frage stellen. Die wichtigsten empirischen Fragen lauten, ob die georgische Gesellschaft auf die Marktöffnung reagiert hat und welche Konflikte daraus entstanden sind. Die Studie beleuchtet zwei Protestbewegungen, die sich gegen die Marktideologie wandten und versuchten, die schädlichen Auswirkungen der Deregulierung des Arbeitsmarktes abzumildern. Trotz ihrer Bemühungen gelang es diesen Bewegungen nicht, eine breitere demokratische Kontrolle über das Wirtschaftsleben zu etablieren. Wenn es diesen Bewegungen nicht gelungen ist, die Wirtschaft wieder in die Gesellschaft einzubinden, wie kann dann eine demokratische Kontrolle der wirtschaftlichen Sphäre theoretisiert und erreicht werden? Die Studie bezieht die Gramscianischen Analysen der "Beziehungen der sozialen Kräfte" mit ein und argumentiert, dass die Infragestellung der marktgetriebenen Ordnung mehr als nur spezifische, themenbezogene Antworten erfordert. Durch die Integration von Polanyi und Gramsci schlägt die Studie die Notwendigkeit eines politisch sinnvolleren Ansatzes vor, um der Marktideologie zu begegnen und eine demokratische Kontrolle über die Wirtschaft zu etablieren.
    Abstract: In the period of 2004-2006, Georgia underwent unprecedented labor deregulation to enhance international competitiveness and attract foreign investments. These policies, leaving most workers unprotected, were part of broader marketization and privatization efforts led by the so-called "Revolutionary" political elites following the Rose Revolution. This study, drawing on Karl Polanyi's concept of labor as a "fictitious commodity," explores how such commodification disembedds the economy from society, prompting societal countermovements seeking to protect against market expansion. Polanyi's "double movement" describes sociopolitical forces aiming for democratic control over political and economic life, challenging the artificial separation between the two. The key empirical questions addressed are whether Georgian society responded to labor marketization and what social conflicts ensued. The study focuses on two protest movements—the Tbilisi Metro strikes and Chiatura miners’ strike—which opposed market ideology and sought to mitigate the harmful effects of labor deregulation. Despite their efforts, these movements failed to establish broader democratic control over economic life, representing "corporatist re-embedding" and "pre-political" responses rather than achieving full "re-embedding" of the economy into society. The study poses a theoretical question: if these movements couldn't successfully re-embed the economy in society, how can democratic control over the economic sphere be theorized and achieved? To address this, the work incorporates Gramscian analyses of “relations of social forces” and hegemony, arguing that challenging market-driven order requires more than specific issue-driven responses. By integrating Polanyi with the Gramscian framework, the study suggests the need for a politically meaningful approach to countering market ideology and establishing democratic control over the economy.
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  • 19
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (166 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2024
    DDC: 550
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Reissektor ; Burkina Faso ; Ethnographie ; Praxistheorie ; Wachstumspol ; rice sector ; Burkina Faso ; ethnography ; practice theory ; growth pole ; Geowissenschaften ; Geowissenschaften Afrikas ; Geschichte, Geografie und Hilfswissenschaften ; Soziologie und Anthropologie ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Soziale Prozesse
    Abstract: Unter dem Druck zunehmender Ressourcenknappheit konzentrieren sich inter- und transnationale Optimierungsanstrengungen für effiziente Land- und Wassernutzung insbesondere auf den Globalen Süden. Raumentwicklungsinstrumente wie Wachstumspole und Entwicklungskorridore, die Afrikas Landwirtschaft revolutionieren und die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung stärken sollen, werden auf dem gesamten Kontinent geplant und umgesetzt. Die vorliegende Arbeit gewährt ethnographische Einblicke in eines dieser Megaprojekte, das Bagré-Wachstumspolprojekt in Burkina Faso. Basierend auf einer insgesamt neunmonatigen Feldforschung werden die historischen und globalen Verflechtungen des Projektes herausgestellt und mit lokalen Arrangements und Aktivitäten analytisch verknüpft. So entsteht ein umfassendes Bild der Entfaltung des Bagré-Wachstumspolprojekts im Spiegel eines globalisierten Reismarktes. Entlang von vier empirisch fundierten ergänzt die Arbeit den Fokus auf (1) lokal-globale Wechselwirkungen um die (2) Analyse des dem Wachstumspolprojekt inhärenten Zukunftsimperativ und die Konsequenzen zeitlicher Ordnungsmuster für die Ausgestaltung konkreter Projektbestandteile. Danach wird (3) dargelegt, wie Praktiken installiert werden, die der Aufrechterhaltung, Stabilisierung und zeitlichen Koordination von Reisproduktionspraktiken dienen. Es schließt sich (4) eine vergleichende Perspektive an, die dem burkinischen Beispiel eine Beschreibung des Reissektors Uruguays an die Seite stellt. In der Zusammenschau entwickeln die Kapitel dieser Arbeit praxistheoretisches Denken in der Humangeographie weiter. Sie leisten einen empirischen Beitrag zur humangeographischen Entwicklungsforschung anhand einer Fallstudie aus dem frankophonen Westafrika und bieten ein vertiefendes Verständnis von Reisproduktionssystemen.
    Abstract: Encountering an increasing global pressure on natural resources, inter- and transnational efforts to optimize water and land use for food production are made and spatial development tools to revolutionize African agriculture are therefore planned and implemented across the continent. This thesis provides ethnographic insights into one such a megaproject: the Bagré Growth Pole Project (BGPP) in Burkina Faso. Based on altogether 9 months of fieldwork it traces the project’s temporal and spatial entanglements. First, it contrasts localized arrangements, activities, and understandings related to rice production with global systemic configurations of a rice economy. Arguing that it is amongst these poles that the BGPP in its specific form unfolds, it suggests a combination of different analytical frameworks to grasp its local-global dynamics. Second, it dissects the future imperative inherent to the BGPP and interrogates its consequences for how the project implementation proceeds. Third, this work sheds light on attempts to coordinate rice production in space and time. It develops the notion of coordination work to account for the practical accomplishment of tuning and timing different actors, activities and arrangements related to rice production. Finally, it adds a comparative moment to the analysis by contrasting Burkina Faso’s rice sector to the rice sector of Uruguay. Altogether the chapters of the thesis advance practice theoretical thinking in human geography. Empirically, the thesis provides firsthand observations of how the BGPP touches ground, thereby reshaping the everyday life and landscape in Bagré. It adds to the growth pole and corridor literature by focusing on francophone West Africa, thereby deepening our understanding of transnational interventions into rice production systems in Africa.
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  • 20
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (254 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2023
    DDC: 320
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Populismus ; gesellschaftliche Unzufriedenheit ; politische Beteiligung ; politische Kommunikation ; Wahlforschung ; politische Einstellungen ; politische Partizipation ; Populism ; societal discontent ; political communication ; political behavior ; political attitudes ; politische Partizpation ; Politikwissenschaft (Politik und Regierung) ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Populistische Ideen haben in den letzten 20 Jahren in westlichen Demokratien immer mehr Unterstützer:innen gefunden. Doch wieso ist populistische Politik gerade jetzt so erfolgreich? Grundsätzlich verstärken Populist:innen negativ geprägte Wahrnehmungen der politischen, ökonomischen und kulturellen Verhältnisse im Kontext gesellschaftlicher Liberalisierungsschübe. Um Legitimitätsprobleme repräsentativer Demokratien zu heilen und verwandte gesellschaftliche Krisen zu überwinden, fordern sie mehr direkte Beteiligung nach dem Majoritätsprinzip. In diesem Kontext liefern soziale Medien eine ideale Plattform, um populistische Unzufriedenheiten zu artikulieren und (neue) Wähler:innen zu mobilisieren. Vor diesem Hintergrund fragt diese Arbeit wie populistischen Mobilisierungsprozesse funktionieren. Zwei Papiere untersuchen, wie sich unterschiedliche Spielarten populistischer Unzufriedenheit auf politische Beteiligung und die populistische Parteiwahl auswirken. Das dritte Papier analysiert, wie politische Parteien populistische und krisenhafte Kommunikation in sozialen Medien nutzen. Der vierte Beitrag vergleicht den Einfluss von Parteikommunikation und politischen Einstellungen auf das politische Engagement. Für die empirischen Analysen wurden drei eigene Datenerhebungen durchgeführt (zwei Online-Umfragen der deutschen Wahlbevölkerung [N= 2.038; N= 2.024] und eine manuelle Inhaltsanalyse der Facebook-Kommunikation deutscher Parteien [N= 3.500]). Insgesamt erweitert diese Dissertation den Forschungsstand auf mehrfache Weise: Erstens bietet sie ein dynamisches Modell, dass die Determinanten populistischer Mobilisierung aus Angebots- und Nachfrageseite miteinander verknüpft. Zweitens klärt sie das Verhältnis von Populismus und krisenhafter Unzufriedenheit. Drittens widerspricht sie der Annahme, dass populistische Aktivierung die Probleme politischer Beteiligung heilt. Stattdessen wirkt Populismus primär als Entscheidungshilfe zugunsten populistischer Parteien bei Wahlen.
    Abstract: In the past 20 years, populist ideas fell on fertile ground in many Western democracies. But why is populist politics so successful right now? Basically, populists reinforce negative perceptions of political, economic and cultural conditions in the context of societal liberalization. To cure legitimacy problems of representative democracies and overcome related societal crises, they demand more direct participation according to the principle of majority rule. In this context, social media provide an ideal outlet for articulating populist dissatisfaction and mobilizing (new) voters. Against this background, this dissertation asks how populist mobilization processes work: The first two papers examine how different varieties of populist dissatisfaction among voters affect different modes of political engagement and populist voting. The third paper analyzes how political parties use populist and crisis-related communication in social media. Finally, the fourth article applies an experimental design to compare the effect of parties’ online communication and political attitudes on political engagement. For the empirical analyses, I conducted three self-collected datasets. I exploited data from two online surveys (paper I and paper II: N= 2,038; paper IV: N= 2,024) among the German electorate. For the third contribution, I conducted a manual content analysis (N= 3,500) of the Facebook communication of German political parties. This dissertation extends the body of research threefold: First, it provides a dynamic model linking various determinants of populist mobilization from the supply- and demand-side of the electoral market. Second, it updates state-of-the-art literature by disentangling the relationship between populism and crisis-related discontent. Third, it contradicts the idea that populist activation necessarily cures problems of political participation. Instead, populism primarily serves as a decision-making tool in favor of populist parties in elections.
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9780192871459
    Language: English
    Pages: xxxix, 536 Seiten , 24 cm
    Uniform Title: Les 3 cours régionales des droits de l'homme in context
    DDC: 341.48
    Keywords: African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights ; Inter-American Court of Human Rights ; European Court of Human Rights ; International human rights courts ; African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights ; Interamerikanischer Gerichtshof für Menschenrechte ; Europäischer Gerichtshof für Menschenrechte
    Abstract: The European Court of Human Rights, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, and the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights are three supranational jurisdictions that protect human rights. This book is the first comprehensive study to compare the three regional courts. It also considers how they operate as parts of a greater whole.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 481-518) and indexes , Translated from the French
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9780198885306
    Language: English
    Pages: xxxii, 400 Seiten
    Edition: First edition
    Series Statement: Oxford private law theory
    DDC: 346.43
    Keywords: Civil law ; Civil law ; Civil law Philosophy ; Konferenzschrift ; Deutschland ; USA ; Bürgerliches Recht ; Rechtsphilosophie
    Note: "This book is the result of a workshop on methodology in private law theory convened at Bucerius Law School in Hamburg in the spring of 2022." - Acknowledgements
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  • 23
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (337 p.)
    Keywords: Revenue bargaining; fiscal contract; political settlement; Africa; taxation; state-society relations; political economy; domestic revenue mobilisation; reciprocity; comparative politics ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics and emerging economies ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCP Political economy ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPB Comparative politics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPQ Central / national / federal government::JPQB Central / national / federal government policies ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1H Africa
    Abstract: This book examines the politics of revenue bargaining in Africa in a time when attention to domestic revenue mobilisation has expanded immensely. Measures to increase taxes and other revenues can -but do not always- lead to a process of bargaining, where revenue providers negotiate for some kind of a return. This book offers in-depth analyses of micro-instances of revenue bargaining across five African countries: Mozambique, Senegal, Tanzania, Togo, and Uganda. All case studies draw on a common theoretical framework combining the fiscal contract theory with the political settlement approach, which enables a systematic exploration into what triggers revenue bargaining; how these processes unfold; and finally, if and when they reach an agreement (whether a fiscal contract or not). From the empirically rich case narratives emerges a story of how power and initial bargaining position influence not only whether bargaining emerges in the first place, but also the processes and their outcomes. Less resourceful taxpayers are in a more difficult position to raise their voice, but in some cases even these groups manage to ally with other civil society groups to protest against tax reforms they perceive as unfair. Indirect taxes such as VAT often trigger protests, and so do sudden changes in tax practices. Revenue providers rarely call for improved services in return for paying tax, which would be expected to nurture the foundation for a fiscal social contract. Instead, revenue providers are more likely to negotiate for tax reductions, implying that governments’ effort to increase revenue is impeded. We do find many instances of state-society reciprocity when ruling elites try to be responsive to revenue providers’ demands. Hence, this book gives insight into the nature and dynamics not only of revenue bargaining but of policy-making in general as well as the implications hereof for state-society reciprocity in Africa
    Note: English
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  • 24
    ISBN: 9780197744161 , 9780197744178 , 9780197744192
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (705 p.)
    Keywords: International criminal law ; Latin America ; International human rights law ; Inter-American System, impact, human rights, Transformative Constitutionalism, Latin America
    Abstract: The Inter-American Human Rights System (IAHRS) fosters structural transformations throughout the Americas. This collection of analyses builds upon the studies on Ius Constitutionale Commune en América Latina and Latin American transformative constitutionalism to map out both the ground-level human rights impact of the IAHRS and the institutional characteristics that have enabled such fundamental changes in social reality. The volume starts with essays framing the concept and context of IAHRS impact. Then it navigates thematic analyses on specific rights and types of violations that are front and center to the protection of human rights in Latin America. The concluding essays explore whether and how it is possible to optimize the actions of the Inter-American System, indicating possible paths to increase positive human rights impact. The editors contend that the IAHRS victim-centric approach, community of practice, and openness to institutional reinvention have enabled it to create a virtuous cycle that catalyzes human rights in the Americas, furthering democracy and the Rule of Law throughout the continent
    Note: English
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  • 25
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (145 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2024
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Anpassung ; Anpassungskapazität ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Klimawandel ; Adaptation ; Adaptive Capacity ; Sustainable Development ; Climate Change ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Anpassung ist ein komplexes soziales Phänomen, bei dem das Klimarisiko in verschiedenen sozialen und ökologischen Kontexten reduziert wird. Der 6. Sachstandsbericht des Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change zeigt eine besorgniserregende Realität: Mit zunehmender globaler Erwärmung werden der Anpassung Grenzen gesetzt sein, was darauf hinweist, dass Anpassung allein nicht ausreicht, um den Auswirkungen des Klimawandels entgegenzuwirken. Länder im globalen Süden tragen paradoxerweise die Hauptlast des Klimawandels, obwohl sie am wenigsten für sein Auftreten verantwortlich sind. Es besteht die dringende Notwendigkeit, besser zu verstehen, wo und warum Anpassung stattfindet, was ihren Erfolg beeinflusst und wie die Anpassungsfähigkeit gestärkt werden kann. Die Quantifizierung der Anpassung ist aufgrund ihrer Komplexität schwierig, aber entscheidend für fundierte Entscheidungen und globale Zusammenarbeit. Herkömmliche Klimafolgenabschätzungen vernachlässigen oft die Anpassung oder verwenden einen stark stilisierten Ansatz, was das Potenzial für Anpassung verzerrt und die Notwendigkeit des Klimaschutzes herunterspielt. Es ist wichtig, Anpassung in quantitative Bewertungen einzubeziehen, um fundierte Entscheidungen zu treffen. Diese Dissertation entwickelt Indexe für anpassungsrelevante Maßnahmen im Landwirtschaftssektor und projiziert ihre Umsetzung im 21. Jahrhundert auf der Grundlage verschiedener sozioökonomischer Szenarien. Ergebnisse zeigen die Bedeutung von Governance, Bildung und finanziellen Ressourcen für die Maximierung des Anpassungspotenzials. Länder mit geringer Entwicklung und begrenzter Anpassungsfähigkeit zeigen das größte Verbesserungspotenzial. Die Bewältigung dieser Herausforderungen wird jedoch Jahrzehnte dauern. Die Verbesserung der Anpassungsfähigkeit ist von höchster Bedeutung, nicht nur im Bereich des Klimawandels, sondern auch in breiteren Entwicklungskontexten. Diese Dissertation bietet Einblicke zur Verbesserung der Klimaresilienz und umfassenden Klimafolgenabschätzungen.
    Abstract: Adaptation is a multifaceted social phenomenon where climate risk is navigated and responded to within various social and environmental contexts. The 6th Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change highlights a concerning reality: as global warming increases, there will be limits to what adaptation can accomplish, indicating that it will not always suffice to counter the escalating impacts of climate change. Countries in the Global South, often facing the greatest adaptation challenges, paradoxically, are projected to bear the major brunt of climate change despite holding the least responsibility for its occurrence. Given these prospects, there is an urgent need to better understand where and why adaptation is taking place, what drives its success in some places over others, and where efforts are vital for enhancing adaptive capacity. Furthermore, it becomes imperative to determine the upper limit of what adaptation can accomplish and which conditions are necessary to exploit its full potential, in order to fully grasp the risks posed by climate change. Quantifying adaptation is difficult due to its complex multi-level and cross-sectoral nature. Yet, it is crucial for integrating adaptation into climate impact assessments, essential for informed decision-making and global cooperation. Conventional climate impact assessments often neglect the inclusion of adaptation and adaptive capacity, or if addressed, they often adopt a highly stylized approach. This poses the risk of misrepresenting the potential for adaptation, likely overemphasizing its effectiveness while downplaying the need for climate mitigation. Projecting climate impacts without considering adaptation distorts the current reality of societal adjustments, making it essential to provide quantifiable insights into future adaptive capacity. This thesis addresses these challenges by developing three distinct indices for adaptation-relevant measures in the agricultural sector to understand the extent of their implementation and their socioeconomic determinants. These indices are projected throughout the 21st century based on various socioeconomic trajectories. My findings highlight the significance of strong governance, higher education levels, and improved financial resources as key drivers that can empower countries to maximize their adaptation potential. Throughout my analyses, a consistent pattern emerges: countries with modest socioeconomic development and limited adaptive capacity, especially in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, exhibit the greatest potential for improvement. However, overcoming these challenges will span several decades, extending well beyond the latter half of this century. Enhancing adaptive capacity and integrating it into quantitative assessments is of paramount importance not only within the climate change field but also in broader developmental contexts. This thesis encompasses a variety of subjects, providing interconnected insights to enhance the comprehension of pathways to climate resilience and improved impact assessments.
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9780197747360 , 9780197747391 , 9780197747377
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (353 p.)
    Keywords: Sociology and anthropology ; Religion and beliefs ; Historical geography ; Indigenous peoples ; Relating to Indigenous peoples ; landscape, religion, supernatural, space, place, folklore, folk belief, Iceland
    Abstract: Landscape, Religion, and the Supernatural presents a summa of current and classic theorizing on religion and the supernatural in relationship to the land and develops this theorizing further by confronting it with a rich set of folkloristic and historical data. Focusing on the themes of “time and memory,” “repeating patterns,” “identity formation,” “morality,” “labor,” “playfulness and adventure,” “power and subversion,” “sound,” “emotions,” “coping with contingency,” “home and unhomeliness,” and “nature and environment,” the book engages with a broad range of theoretical concepts and approaches from the interdisciplinary field of landscape theory and the study of religions. It brings this theorizing into dialogue with the rich culture of local storytelling and landscape-related traditional beliefs of the Strandir district of the Icelandic Westfjords. In this rural region, landscape-related traditions have been collected since the early nineteenth century and continue to be important to this day. Confronting this rich heritage with the insights of landscape theory both in and beyond the study of religions allows important new contributions to theorizing landscape and religion, especially when it comes to considering the perspectives on landscape held by rural populations rather than the urban upper classes that have stood in the focus of research to date. The example of the Icelandic Westfjords shows the extreme richness of religious and supernatural approaches to the landscape that can be developed in rural communities, and how they are significantly and characteristically different from the urban perspectives of literature and the arts
    Note: English
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9780192849052
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Series Statement: Critical Frontiers of Theory, Research, and Policy in International Development Studies
    Keywords: Agricultural economics ; Agricultural and rural economics ; Africa, Congo, mining, industrialization, development, corporations, labour, global value chains, conflict, gold
    Abstract: Since the turn of the century, low-income African countries have undergone a process of mining industrialization led by transnational corporations. The process has been sustained by an African Mining Consensus uniting international financial institutions, African governments, development agencies, and various strands of the academic literature. The Consensus holds that transnational mining corporations are best placed to drive structurally transformative processes of mining-based development on the continent. State-owned enterprises and local forms of labour-intensive mining are deemed unsuitable. The former is characterized as corrupt and mismanaged, and the latter as an inefficient, subsistence activity with links to conflict financing. Through a detailed case study of gold mining in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Disrupted Development in the Congo reveals the fragile foundations on which this consensus rests. The book documents how foreign mining corporations in the Congo have been prone to mismanagement, inefficiencies, and rent-seeking, and implicated in fuelling conflict and violence. In addition, the book details how structural impediments to the transformative effects of mining industrialization in low-income settings occur irrespective of ownership and management structures. In light of these constraints, and the levels of overseas surplus extraction and domestic marginalization associated with foreign-owned industrial mining, a shift to domestic-owned forms of mining-based development would better meet the needs of low-income African economies for rising productivity, labour absorption, and the domestic retention of the value generated by productive activity than the currently dominant but disarticulated and disruptive foreign corporate-led model
    Note: English
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (305 p.)
    Keywords: " Structural injustice, politics, philosophy, law, ontology, epistemology, feminism, power, historical injustice. " ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPA Political science and theory ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Abstract: What is Structural Injustice? is the first edited collection to bring together the voices of leading structural injustice scholars from politics, philosophy and law to explore the concept of structural injustice which has now become a central feature of all three disciplines and is considered by many to be a ‘field of study.’ The volume features specially selected original and essential works on structural injustice. The volume provides a range of disciplinary, ontological and epistemological perspectives on what structural injustice is and includes feminist and post-colonial theories to interrogate how structural injustice exacerbates and reproduces existing inequalities and relations of power. This book aims to become a touchstone text for those interested in the different ways we can understand structural injustice, how it manifests, how it relates to other forms of injustice, who is responsible for its redress and the different ways we might go about it. This book will appeal to a wide audience of students, both undergraduate and postgraduate, as well as the general academic population, experts on structural injustice, interested practitioners in politics and members of the public
    Note: English
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9780198785675
    Language: English
    Pages: x, 223 Seiten
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  • 30
    Book
    Book
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780192845863
    Language: English
    Pages: viii, 241 Seiten , Diagramme
    Series Statement: Oxford data protection and privacy law
    Abstract: Data protection law is seen as an important regulatory response to the challenges posed by innovative technologies, but some scholars are critical of its capacity to make a difference; Data Protection Law and Emotion, however, argues that we, as data subjects, play an essential role in the adoption and operation of these laws.
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  • 31
    ISBN: 9780191878961 , 0191878960
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxii, 770 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Oxford handbooks online
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 327.101
    Keywords: International relations ; Diplomacy ; Theorie ; Internationale Politik ; Diplomatie ; Handbuch ; Relations internationales ; Diplomatie ; international relations ; diplomacy ; Politics & government ; Politics and Government ; Erde ; Außenpolitik ; Politikfeldanalyse
    Abstract: The Oxford Handbook of Foreign Policy Analysis repositions the subfield of Foreign Policy Analysis (FPA) to a central analytic location within the study of International Relations (IR). Over the last twenty years, IR has seen a cross-theoretical turn towards incorporating domestic politics, decision-making, agency, practices, and subjectivity—the staples of the FPA subfield. This turn, however, is underdeveloped theoretically, empirically, and methodologically. To reconnect FPA and IR research, this Handbook links FPA to other theoretical traditions in IR, takes FPA to a wider range of state and non-state actors and connects FPA to significant policy challenges and debates. By advancing FPA along these trajectories, the Handbook directly addresses enduring criticisms of FPA, including that it is isolated within IR, it is state-centric, its policy relevance is not always clear, and its theoretical foundations and methodological techniques are stale. The Oxford Handbook of Foreign Policy Analysis provides an inclusive and forward-looking assessment of this subfield. Edited and written by a team of world-class scholars, it sets the agenda for future research in FPA and in IR.
    Note: Literaturhinweise, Register
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780191925665
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxix, 685 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Edition: First edition
    Series Statement: Oxford handbooks online
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The Oxford handbook of Shakespeare and race
    DDC: 822.33
    Keywords: Shakespeare, William Criticism and interpretation ; Shakespeare, William Characters ; Race in literature ; Literature ; Literature: history & criticism
    Abstract: This handbook presents current scholarship on race and racism in Shakespeare's works. It offers an overview of approaches used in early modern critical race studies through fresh readings of the plays; an exploration of new methodologies and archives; and sustained engagement with race in contemporary performance, adaptation, and activism.
    Note: This edition also issued in print: 2024. - Includes bibliographical references and index. - Description based on online resource and publisher information; title from PDF title page (viewed on December 4, 2023)
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9780198898948
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 434 Seiten)
    Series Statement: The history and theory of international law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The individual in international law
    DDC: 341
    Keywords: Persons (International law) ; Law ; International law
    Abstract: Shifts across the corpus of international law have brought the international legal system into a closer alignment with the interests of the individual. This has led to a great and growing interest in the roles and status of individuals in international law, and provided new impulses for debate. The Individual in International Law is an exploration of what is described as the humanisation of international law. It examines how international law has accommodated individuals, and how individual status, rights, and obligations have become denser and more important in the international legal system. Split into two parts, the book analyses the humanisation of international law in different historical periods and from various theoretical perspectives. The first part focuses on the historical evolution of international law, exploring how the interests of individuals have shaped the development of the legal system from antiquity to 1945, providing a counterpoint to State-centric readings of international law's history. The second part contains theoretical debates, critical approaches, and interdisciplinary investigations, offering perspectives from ius positivism and ius naturalism, Marxism, TWAIL, feminism, global law, global constitutionalism, law and economics, and legal anthropology. The book aims to stimulate further research on the humanisation and dehumanisation of new fields ranging from the ius contra bellum to climate law. The editors' introduction and conclusion frame the contributions, draw together their findings, and address critiques comprehensively. Written by a team of acknowledged experts in their fields, this volume elucidates how the interests, rights, obligations, and responsibilities of individuals have shaped international norms and regimes, and suggests how a reoriented transformative humanism can inform and develop international law in an era of profound ideological, ecological, and technical challenge.
    Note: The individual in the history of international law , The individual in international law in antiquity , Individuals and group identity in medieval international law , From exemplary individuals to private persons with rights : international law 1500-1647, Vitoria, Gentili, and Grotius , From re- to demoralisation : the individual in international law, 1648-1789 , The individual in international law in the nineteenth century, 1789-1914 , Before human rights : the formation of the international status of the individual, 1914-1945 , The individual in the theory of international law , Legal positivism and the individual in international law , The individual in international law from the contemporary sacred natural law perspective , The individual in secular natural law theories of international law , The status of the individual in international law : a TWAIL perspective , The individual in feminist approaches to international law , A Marxist account of the individual in international law , Global law and the individual , Global constitutionalism and the individual , The individual in (international) law and economics , Individual personhood in anthropological approaches to international law
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780191949715
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource , illustrations.
    Edition: First edition.
    Series Statement: Oxford handbooks online
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 327.202854678
    Keywords: Diplomacy Technological innovations ; Internet and international relations ; Politics and Government ; Politics & government
    Abstract: This handbook delves into the shifting power dynamics in diplomacy, exploring the establishment of embassies in technology hubs, the challenges faced by foreign affairs departments in adapting to digital technologies, and the utilization of digital tools as a means of exerting influence.
    Note: This edition also issued in print: 2024. - Includes bibliographical references and index. - Description based on online resource and publisher information; title from PDF title page (viewed on November 27, 2023)
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780191983078
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource , illustrations.
    Series Statement: Oxford handbooks online
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 320.53
    Keywords: Authoritarianism ; Politics and Government ; Politics & government
    Abstract: This handbook is currently in development, with individual articles publishing online in advance of print publication. At this time, we cannot add information about unpublished articles in this handbook, however the table of contents will continue to grow as additional articles pass through the review process and are added to the site. Please note that the online publication date for this handbook is the date that the first article in the title was published online.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references. - Description based on online resource; title from home page (viewed on February 14, 2024)
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9780197673577
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource , illustrations.
    Series Statement: Oxford handbooks online
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 330.9
    Keywords: Economic geography ; International economic relations ; Economics ; Economics
    Abstract: This handbook is currently in development, with individual articles publishing online in advance of print publication. At this time, we cannot add information about unpublished articles in this handbook, however the table of contents will continue to grow as additional articles pass through the review process and are added to the site. Please note that the online publication date for this handbook is the date that the first article in the title was published online.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references. - Description based on online resource; title from home page (viewed on February 20, 2024)
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  • 37
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (244 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2024
    DDC: 300
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Pragmatische Soziologie der Kritik ; Französischer Pragmatismus ; Neopragmatische Diskursanalyse ; Diskursanalyse ; Argumentationsanalyse ; Emotion ; Emotionsgeladene Sprache ; Hassrede ; Emotionalität ; Emotionale Highlighter ; Emotionssoziologie ; Affektive Neurowissenschaften ; Neurowissenschaften ; Affektive Neurolinguistik ; Mixed Methods ; Sentiment Analyse ; Pragmatic Sociology of Critique ; French Pragmatism ; Neopragmatist Discourse Analysis ; Discourse Analysis ; Argument Analysis ; Emotion ; Emotive Language ; Hate Speech ; Emotionality ; Emotional Highlighters ; Sociology of Emotion ; Affective Neuroscience ; Neuroscience ; Affective Neurolinguistics ; Mixed Methods ; Sentiment Analysis ; Populism ; U.S. Elections ; British Politics ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Politikwissenschaft (Politik und Regierung) ; Wörterbücher, Enzyklopädien, Konkordanzen ; Spezielle Themen zu Sprache ; Kommunikation (Nachrichtenübermittlung) ; Chirurgie, Medizin nach Körperregion, Zahnmedizin, Augenheilkunde, Ohrenheilkunde, Audiologie
    Abstract: Die hier vorgelegte kumulative Dissertation befasst sich mit der Frage des emotionalen Sprachgebrauchs als Teil der öffentlichen politischen Kommunikation in abendländischen Demokratien. Durch die Anwendung etablierter Erkenntnisse und Ansätze aus den Bereichen der affektiven Neurowissenschaften und der Neurolinguistik zu emotionalem Sprachgebrauch, wird versucht neue Perspektiven und Analysetechniken für die Sozial- und Politikwissenschaften herauszuarbeiten, die sich mit der rhetorischen Gestaltung und Funktion öffentlicher politischer Kommunikation befassen. Im Rahmen dieser Bemühungen habe ich einen sequenziellen Mixed-Methods-Ansatz entwickelt, eine neopragmatische Diskursanalyse (NPDA), die auf der bestehenden Methodologie der Pragmatischen Soziologie der Kritik (PSC) basiert. Diese Methode ermöglicht es, die Argumentationsstrategien und -muster von Akteuren abzuleiten und ihre Verwendung von hochgradig erregender emotionaler Sprache (via HAEWWörterbuch) nachzuzeichnen. In zwei separaten Fallstudien habe ich diesen neu entwickelten Ansatz angewendet, um (1) die US-Präsidentschaftswahlkämpfe 2016 von Trump und Clinton zu analysieren sowie (2) öffentliche Reden britischer Parteiführer:innen der Conservative und der Labour Party von 1900 bis 2019. Ich habe festgestellt, dass emotionale Sprache in der gesamten untersuchten (politischen) Kommunikation vorkommt und dass sie hauptsächlich eine Highlighter-Funktion in den Argumentationen der Akteure einnimmt. Politische Kommunikation, als eine spezifische Ausformung menschlicher Kommunikation, scheint immer ‚emotional‘ zu sein.
    Abstract: This cumulative dissertation addresses the issues of emotive language use as part of public political communication in occidental democracies. By applying established findings and approaches from the fields of affective neuroscience and neurolinguistics on emotive language use, the here presented dissertation intends to offer new perspectives and analytical techniques for the social and political sciences, concerned with understanding the rhetorical design and function of public political communication. As part of these efforts, I developed a sequential mixed methods approach, a neopragmatist discourse analysis (NPDA), which is based on the existing methodology associated with the Pragmatic Sociology of Critique (PSC). This method allows for the deduction of actors’ argumentative strategies and patterns and to detect their use of highly arousing emotive language (via HAEW dictionary). In two separate case studies I applied this newly developed approach, analysing (1) the 2016 U.S. presidential election campaigns of Trump and Clinton as well as (2) public speeches of British party leaders from the Conservative and Labour Party from 1900 – 2019. I found that emotive language appeared throughout all analysed (political) communication and that it mainly served a highlighting function within actors’ argumentations. Political communication, as a specific form of human communication, seems to always be ‘emotional’.
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  • 38
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (175 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2024
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Normalisierung ; Ungleichheit ; Rasse ; Mexico ; Oaxaca ; Normalization ; Inequality ; Race ; Mexico ; Oaxaca ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Hochschulschrift
    Abstract: Die Normalisierung der Ungleichheit in Oaxaca, Mexiko, ist ein Prozess, der sich seit der Kolonialzeit entwickelt hat, als Konzepte wie Rasse die bestehende soziale Trennung zwischen Europäern und indigenen Gemeinschaften definierten. Diese Entwicklung setzte sich in der postkolonialen Ära fort, wo die Marginalisierung gefährdeter Gruppen bis in die Gegenwart andauert. Im modernen Mexiko haben die politischen und wirtschaftlichen Eliten verschiedene Mechanismen der Ungleichheit entwickelt, die die soziale Mobilität der schwächsten Bevölkerungsgruppen einschränken. Daher werden in dieser Fallstudie drei wichtige Mechanismen auf verschiedenen Ebenen identifiziert. Der erste wird als subnationaler Autoritarismus bezeichnet und zeigt, wie verschiedene Strategien, z. B. das Aufbrechen sozialer Bindungen, es den Eliten ermöglichen, ihre Macht zu konsolidieren und klare Grenzen zwischen den sozialen Klassen zu ziehen. Der andere Mechanismus sind die Sozialprogramme, die zu Veränderungen in den Praktiken der Menschen führen, die Zugang zu ihnen haben, und individualistische Praktiken fördern, die auch dem Erwerb von Sozialkapital schaden. Schließlich wird der Familienindividualismus identifiziert, dessen Hauptziel darin besteht, das Wohlergehen der Menschen innerhalb des Familienkerns zu sichern, aber außerhalb des Familienkerns ist die Schaffung anderer Arten von Kapital aufgrund des Fehlens schwacher Bindungen und der Produktion anderer Arten von Kapital schwierig. Diese Mechanismen haben nicht nur Auswirkungen auf die Alltagspraktiken, sondern auch auf die Herausbildung eines Habitus bei den Menschen in Zaachila Oriente.
    Abstract: The normalization of inequality in Oaxaca, Mexico has been a process that has been developing since colonial times, where concepts such as race defined the existing social division between Europeans and Indigenous communities. This later moved into the post-colonial era where marginalization of vulnerable groups continued into the present day. During modern Mexico, political and economic elites have designed different mechanisms of inequality that restricts social mobility for the most vulnerable classes. Therefore, this cases study identifies three important mechanisms at different scales. The first is named subnational authoritarianism and it shows how different strategies, such as the rupture of social ties, allow elites to consolidate power and establish clear limits among social classes. The other mechanism identified are the social programs, these lead to changes in the practices of the people who have access to them and encourage individualistic practices that also harm the acquisition of social capital. Finally, family individualism is identified, the main objective is to safeguard the welfare of people within the family core, but outside the family nucleus, the creation of other types of capital is difficult due to the absence of weak ties and the production of different types of capital. These mechanisms have implications not only for everyday practices but also for the production of habitus within the people in Zaachila Oriente.
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  • 39
    ISBN: 9780197267721
    Language: English
    Pages: xvii, 313 Seiten
    Edition: First edtion
    Series Statement: Proceedings of the British Academy 262
    DDC: 323.4809409
    Keywords: Petitions History ; Petitions History ; Amerikanische Geschichte ; European history ; Europäische Geschichte ; HISTORY / Europe / General ; HISTORY / North America ; HISTORY / Social History ; History of the Americas ; POL058000 ; POLITICAL SCIENCE / Political Process / Political Advocacy ; Political activism ; Politischer Aktivismus / Politisches Engagement ; Social & cultural history ; Sozial- und Kulturgeschichte ; Europa ; Europe ; Nordamerika (USA und Kanada) ; North America ; Europa ; Nordamerika ; Petition
    Abstract: The first study of petitioning from the late medieval period to the era of e-petitions, Petitions and Petitioning in Europe and North America explains why these practices have been central to the exercise and contestation of power across North America and Europe
    Abstract: Throughout history, across very different types of state and society, petitions and petitioning have been ubiquitous practices and the interaction between petitioners and authority has been a crucial dynamic in exercising and contesting power. Consolidating and advancing a rapidly expanding field of research across history, law, and the social sciences, "Petitions and petitioning in Europe and North America" is the first study of these venerable practices from their development in the late medieval period to the emergence of e-petitions in the twenty-first century. With a broad focus on Europe and North America, this ambitious volume breaks new ground by examining the concept, history, and practice of petitions and petitioning across chronological and geographical boundaries, opening up this important topic using an interdisciplinary approach across the humanities and social sciences.
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9780192870346
    Language: English
    Pages: xvi, 266 Seiten
    Series Statement: International law in domestic legal orders
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Grosescu, Raluca, 1977 - Justice and memory after dictatorship
    Keywords: Menschenrechtsverletzung ; Internationales Strafrecht ; Transitional Justice ; Rechtswissenschaft ; Rechtspflege ; Kollektives Gedächtnis ; Lateinamerika ; Osteuropa
    Abstract: After the fall of military and communist dictatorships at the end of the 1980s, Latin American and Eastern European countries had to reckon with atrocities perpetrated by these Cold War regimes. Judges, prosecutors, and human rights campaigners across the two regions constructed novel readings of international criminal law to fight impunity and realize justice for gross human rights violations. Justice and Memory after Dictatorship: Latin America, Central Eastern Europe and the Fragmentation of International Criminal Law provides a groundbreaking socio-historical account of the global transformation of international criminal law from these two semi-peripheries of the world system. Based on ethnographic observation and analyses of jurisprudence, Raluca Grosescu dissects the narratives that were fundamentally shaped by the relationship of law and politics. Using paradigmatic cases and personal interviews with lawyers and judicial officials from Latin America and Eastern Europe, Grosescu uncovers how legal actors and organizations were instrumental in questioning an international order that marginalized the political violence that had unfolded in the two regions during the Cold War.
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 239-252, Register
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  • 41
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (108 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Masterarbeit Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2023
    DDC: 130
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Pombagira ; Afro-brasilianische Religionen ; Spirituelle Mestizaje ; Abyssale Linien ; Feminismen ; Intersektionalität ; Pombagira ; Afro-Brazilian religions ; Spiritual mestizaje ; Abyssal lines ; Feminism(s) ; Intersectionality ; Parapsychologie und Okkultismus ; Philosophie, Parapsychologie und Okkultismus, Psychologie ; Religionsphilosophie und Religionstheorie ; Andere philosophische Systeme und Positionen ; Andere Religionen ; Brasilien ; Geschichte Europas ; Bühnenkunst ; Kultur und Institutionen
    Abstract: "At the Crossroads of Knowledge" ist eine Masterarbeit, die in einem dialogischen und künstlerischen Ansatz für die Verleihung des akademischen Grades Master of Arts in Kulturwissenschaften an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin im Jahr 2023 erstellt wurde. Entstanden aus der Verbindung scheinbar disparater Wissensgebiete wie Religion, Spiritualität, (westliche moderne) Wissenschaft, okkulte Wissenschaften, Kunsttheorie und Ästhetik und darüber hinaus, ist diese Publikation ein feministisches Unterfangen gegen des Patriarchats durch die Wiederverzauberung der Welt (aufbauend auf der Kritik an 'die Entzauberung der Welt', Max Weber 1921). Die Bedeutung dieses Bandes liegt in seinem dekolonialen Vorschlag einer verkörperten "spirituellen Mestizaje" (Gloria Anzaldúa, 1987; Theresa Delgadillo, 2011) durch den spirituell-wissenschaftlichen Prozess der Rückgängigmachung des kapitalistischen patriarchalischen Disziplinardenkens, in der Hoffnung, eine echte "Emanzipation der subalternen Klassen" (Antonio Gramsci 1971) zu erreichen, insbesondere die Emanzipation der Frauen und ihres angestammten Wissens über das Okkulte (das Ungeheure). Dieses Werk ist mehr als ein poppiger Hors d'ouevre-Revisionismus der Hexenverfolgung, es ist ein Morgengesang der Ausgegrenzten im Gefolge einer neuen historischen Periode, die von feministischen Revolutionen geprägt ist.
    Abstract: “At the Crossroads of Knowledge” is a Master's Thesis created in a dialogical and artistic approach for the award of the academic degree Master of Arts in Cultural Studies by the Humboldt University of Berlin in 2023. Created from the conjoining of seemingly disparate fields of knowledge, such as Religion, Spirituality, (Western modern) Science, Occult Sciences, Art Theory and Aesthetics, and beyond, this publication is a feminist undertaking against the Patriarchy through the reenchantment of the world (building upon criticisms on 'die Entzauberung der Welt', Max Weber 1921). The importance of this volume lies in its decolonial proposal of an embodied 'spiritual mestizaje' (Gloria Anzaldúa, 1987; Theresa Delgadillo, 2011) through the spiritual-scientific process of undoing capitalist patriarchal disciplinary thinking, in the hopes of achieving a true “emancipation of the subaltern classes” (Antonio Gramsci, 1971), especially the emancipation of women and their ancestral knowledge of the Occult. More than a pop hors d’ouevre revisionism of the Witch Hunts, this work is a dawn song from the marginalised, in the wake of a new historical period marked by feminist revolutions.
    Abstract: PORTUGUÊS: "Na Encruzilhada do Conhecimento" é uma tese de mestrado criada em uma abordagem dialógica e artística para a obtenção do título acadêmico de Mestrado em Estudos Culturais pela Universidade Humboldt de Berlim, em 2023. Criada a partir da junção de campos aparentemente díspares do conhecimento, tais como Religião, Espiritualidade, Ciência (ocidental moderna), Ciências Ocultas, Teoria da Arte e Estética, e mais além, esta publicação é um empreendimento feminista contra o Patriarcado através do reencantamento do mundo (com base em críticas sobre 'die Entzauberung der Welt', Max Weber 1921). A importância deste volume reside em sua proposta decolonial de uma "mestiçagem espiritual" (Gloria Anzaldúa, 1987; Theresa Delgadillo, 2011) através do processo espiritual-científico de desfazer o pensamento disciplinar capitalista patriarcal, na esperança de alcançar uma verdadeira "emancipação das classes subalternas" (Antonio Gramsci, 1971), especialmente a emancipação das mulheres e seu conhecimento ancestral do ocultismo. Mais do que um pop hors d'ouevre em revisionismo da caça às bruxas, este trabalho é uma canção da alvorada dos marginalizados, na esteira de um novo período histórico marcado por revoluções feministas.
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  • 42
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (207 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2023
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Demographie ; Geschlechterrollen ; Ehe ; Kohabitation ; Soziologie ; Gender roles ; Marriage ; Cohabitation ; Demography ; Sociology ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Diese Dissertation nutzt die Heterogenität der Geschlechterrolleneinstellungen in der deutschen Bevölkerung, um zu untersuchen, ob individuelle Geschlechterrolleneinstellungen den allmählichen Bedeutungsverlust der Ehe erklären können. Mit Hilfe der Event-History-Analysis von Daten der PAIRFAM-Umfrage wird in drei empirischen Studien untersucht, ob und wie Geschlechterrolleneinstellungen die Heiratswahrscheinlichkeit beeinflussen. Eine Querschnittsbetrachtung des Zusammenhangs zwischen Geschlechtsrolleneinstellungen und Heiratsverhalten zeigt, dass Geschlechterrolleneinstellungen in der Stichprobe mit Zeitpunkt und Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Heirat korreliert. Befragte, die traditionalistische oder konservative Einstellungen vertreten, heiraten eher als Liberale und Egalitäre. In einer Längsschnittbetrachtung werden die Auswirkungen von Einstellungsänderungen im Laufe der Zeit erforscht, wobei häufige Änderungen der Geschlechtsrolleneinstellungen mit späteren und weniger wahrscheinlichen Übergängen zur Ehe korrelieren. Eine Betrachtung beider Partner untersucht, wie sich Paare mit kohärenten Geschlechterrolleneinstellungen von nicht übereinstimmenden Paaren unterscheiden, wobei eine gemeinsame Einstellung nicht mit einer höheren Heiratswahrscheinlichkeit korreliert ist. Paare, die mit unterschiedlichen Einstellungen beginnen und zu einer gemeinsamen Einstellung gelangen, heiraten jedoch mit höherer Wahrscheinlichkeit. Diese Dissertation trägt zur aktuellen Literatur bei, indem sie den Zusammenhang zwischen Geschlechterrolleneinstellungen und Heirat untersucht. Durch die Anwendung von Handlungstheorien auf Mikroebene und die Übertragung von Makro-Theorien des demografischen Wandels auf die Einzel- und Paarebene zeige ich, dass Geschlechterrolleneinstellungen eine potenzielle Triebkraft des demografischen Wandels sind. Sie beeinflussen die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Heirat und stellen einen potenziellen Übertragungsmechanismus für Theorien des Wandels auf Makroebene dar.
    Abstract: This dissertation leverages the heterogeneity in gender role attitudes in the German population to investigate if individual attitudes towards gender roles can explain the gradual loss of relevance of marriage. Using event history analysis on data from the PAIRFAM survey, I test if and how gender role attitudes influence the likelihood of marrying in three empirical studies. Chapter 3 offers a cross-sectional assessment of the empirical relationship between gender role attitudes and marital behavior. Gender role attitudes are in the sample correlated with the timing and likelihood of marriage. Respondents expressing traditionalist or conservative attitudes are more likely to marry than liberals and egalitarians. Chapter 4 investigates the relationship with a longitudinal outlook, exploring the effect of attitude change over time. Here I show that respondents whose attitudes are more stable over time tend to be more likely to marry, while frequent changes in gender role attitudes correlate with later and less likely transitions to marriage. Chapter 5 focuses on both partners, investigating how couples with gender attitudes that are coherent differ from mismatched couples. I show that sharing a common attitude is uncorrelated to more likely marriages. However, couples who start with different attitudes and reach a shared one are more likely to marry. This dissertation contributes to the current literature by exploring the connection between attitudes and marriage. By applying micro-level theories of action and transposing macro-level theories of demographic change at the individual and couple level, I show that gender role attitudes are indeed a potential driver of demographic change through their role in shaping the likelihood of marriage, offering a potential mechanism of transmission for macro-level theories of change.
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  • 43
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (161 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2023
    DDC: 900
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Biodiversität ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Naturschutzfinanzierung ; Klimafinanzierung ; Ressourcenverteilung ; Regenwälder ; Trockenwälder ; Savannen ; Indigene Völker und lokale Gemeinschaften ; Landsystem ; biodiversity ; foreign aid ; sustainable development ; conservation finance ; climate finance ; resource allocation ; rainforests ; dry forests ; savannas ; Indigenous peoples and local communities ; land systems ; Geschichte, Geografie und Hilfswissenschaften ; Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Internationale Geldgeber haben die Finanzierung für den Schutz tropischer Wälder erhöht, um der globalen Herausforderung von Klima, Biodiversität und Nachhaltigkeit zu begegnen. Allerdings fehlen subnationale Informationen darüber, wo und wie die Gelder verteilt werden, welche Faktoren die Finanzierung beeinflussen und wie sie mit der Dynamik der Wälder und geschützten Gebiete korrelieren. Diese Thesis beabsichtigt, diese Fragen zu beantworten, indem sie sich mit drei Jahrzehnten internationaler Naturschutzfinanzierung in den Hauptabholzungsgebieten Südamerikas auseinandersetzt. Mithilfe gemischter Methoden habe ich die Interessen der Geldgeber thematisch und geografisch kartiert, räumliche Determinanten der Mittelvergabe identifiziert und Schwankungen der Finanzierung über Standorte und Zeit hinweg mit der Dynamik der Waldbedeckung und geschützten Gebiete verknüpft. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass die internationale Naturschutzfinanzierung eine Mischung aus global relevanten Interessen und bilateralen Interessen darstellt, ermöglicht durch sozioökonomische und biophysikalische Verbindungen zwischen den spendenden und empfangenden Regionen. Trockenwaldökosysteme mit hoher Abholzungsrate waren besonders unterfinanziert und gefährdeten die Ökosysteme, Arten und die lokale Bevölkerung. Die Verknüpfung von Schutzgebieten und Finanzierung mit dem Konzept der Landnutzungsdynamik enthüllte weitere Nuancen und half, kontextspezifische Empfehlungen zu identifizieren. Diese Studie präsentierte die erste subnationale Analyse der internationalen Naturschutzfinanzierung auf kontinentaler Ebene, zeigte Übereinstimmungen und Diskrepanzen zwischen den zugeteilten Ressourcen und den Naturschutzbedürfnissen und beleuchtete die komplexe und dynamische Landschaft der Finanzierungsmöglichkeiten, mit der andere Akteure umgehen müssen.
    Abstract: International donors have increased funding for tropical forest conservation to address the global challenge of climate, biodiversity, and sustainability. However, subnational information on where and how funds are allocated, factors influencing funding, and its correlation with forest dynamics and protected areas is lacking. This thesis aims to answer these questions by delving into three decades of international conservation funding in South America’s major deforestation areas. Using mixed methods, I mapped donor interests thematically and geographically, identify spatial determinants of funding allocation, and link funding variations across locations and time with forest cover and protected areas dynamics. Results found that international conservation funding carried a mix of globally relevant interests and bilateral interests enabled by socio-economic and biophysical connections between the donating and receiving regions. Dry forest ecoregions with high deforestation rates have been particularly underfunded, threatening the ecosystems, species, and local people depending on them. Dedicated global biodiversity fund, raising attention to drier ecosystems, targeting highly threatened areas, and making funding more accessible to local actors for local conservation needs, may help address the gap. This study presented the first subnational level analysis of international conservation funding at the continental scale, revealed the matches and mismatches between the allocated resources and the conservation needs, and shed light on the complex and dynamic landscape of funding opportunities that other actors need to navigate in.
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  • 44
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (181 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2023
    DDC: 300
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Ungleichheit ; Deutschland ; Habitus ; Klassenanalyse ; Bourdieu ; Rehbein ; Kolumbien ; Rehbein ; Inequality ; Germany ; Habitus ; Class analysis ; Bourdieu ; Rehbein ; Colombia ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Hochschulschrift
    Abstract: Während mit quantitativen Methoden zwar einsichtsreicher Forschungsarbeiten zur Ungleichheit durchgeführt werden, vermitteln diese Ansätze ein unvollständiges Bild der zunehmenden sozioökonomische Trennung innerhalb der Gesellschaften im globalen Norden sowie auch im globalen Süden. Diese Dissertation untersucht, welchen Beitrag die Theorie der sozialen Reproduktion zum Verständnis der gesellschaftlichen Spaltung im Zusammenhand mit wirtschaftlicher Veränderung leisten kann. Ausgehend von den theoretischen und experimentellen Arbeiten von Jodhka, Souza und Rehbein geht diese Arbeit der Hypothese einer zunehmenden Trennung zwischen den aufstrebenden und den defensiven Untergruppen der Kämpferklasse als Folge der neoliberalen Reformen des späten XX Jahrhunderts nach. Deutschland und Kolumbien dienen dabei als Studienfälle. Diese Dissertation präsentiert die Gemeinsamkeiten der Folgen entsprechender Reformen in beiden Ländern wie auch ihre Verbindung mit der weltweiten Verbreitung des Neoliberalismus auf. Diese Recherche zeigt, dass die Reformen in den Gesellschaften beider Länder zu Veränderungen geführt haben und dass sie für jede Untergruppe der Kämpferklasse eine entgegengesetzte Wirkung hatten. Sie förderten die Eigenschaften und Kapitalien, die eher mit den Mitgliedern der aufstrebenden Kämpfer in Verbindung gebracht werden, während sie sich gleichzeitig negativ auf die Eigenschaften und Kapitalien auswirkten, die mit den defensiven Kämpfern in Verbindung gebracht werden. Diese Recherche zeigt auch den Zusammenhang zwischen der Internationalisierung der Produktionskette, der Prekarisierung der Arbeit, der zunehmenden Kommodifizierung des sozialen Lebens und der wachsenden Spaltung der Gesellschaften. Letztlich beweist die Dissertation, dass die Theorie der sozialen Reproduktion ein gültiges Instrument ist, um die Auswirkungen von Wirtschaftsreformen zu verstehen und die beobachtete zunehmende Ungleichheit und Segregation innerhalb der Gesellschaften zu erklären.
    Abstract: Although very valuable research on inequality is done with quantitative methods, these approaches provide an incomplete picture of the growing socioeconomic separation inside societies in the global north as well as in the global south. This dissertation evaluates the contributions that the theory of social reproduction can give to understanding of the divide inside societies in relationship with economic transformations. Departing from the theoretical and experimental work of Jodhka, Souza and Rehbein, this research tests the hypothesis of a growing separation between the subgroups of the fighter class, aspiring and defensive, as a result of the neoliberal reforms of the late XX Century. Germany and Colombia being used as cases of study. This dissertation presents the similarities between the impact of reforms in both countries and their relation to the spread of neoliberalism across the globe. This research shows that there have been transformations as a result of the reforms inside each society and that they had an opposite effect for each subgroup of the fighter class. On one side favoring the traits and capitals that more closely associate with the members of the aspiring fighters while simultaneously negatively affecting the traits and capitals that are associated with the defensive fighters. This research also shows the interconnection of the internationalization of the production chain, precarization of work, the rising commodification of social life and the growing divide inside societies. Ultimately, the dissertation proves that social reproduction theory is a valid tool for understanding the impact of economic reforms and explaining the observed increasing inequality and segregation inside societies.
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (301 p.)
    Keywords: British & Irish history ; Modern history to 20th century: c 1700 to c 1900 ; Social & cultural history ; Industrialisation & industrial history
    Abstract: Between 1815 and 1870, when European industrialisation was in its infancy and Britain enjoyed a technological lead, thousands of British workers emigrated to the Continent. They played a key role in several sectors such as textiles, iron, mechanics, and the railways. These men and women thereby contributed significantly to the industrial take-off in continental Europe. This book examines the lives and trajectories of these workers, who emigrated from manufacturing centres in Britain to France, Belgium, Germany, and other countries. It is interested in their mobilities, their culture, their politics, and their relations with the local populations. It reminds us that the British economy was not just orientated towards the Empire and the United States, but also towards the Continent, long before the European Union and Brexit. It shows how critical the part played by migrant workers in the industrial revolution was. Artisans Abroad is the first social and cultural history of this forgotten migration
    Note: English
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780192871688
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 p.)
    Keywords: Ethical issues & debates
    Abstract: Liberty-restricting measures are basic measures in combatting any pandemic. But whose liberty should be restricted? One standard response in public health ethics is to appeal to the “least restrictive alternative” necessary to achieve a public health goal. The problem is that in practice, greater restriction of liberty can lead to greater control of the pandemic and save more lives, though with increasing burdens to others. Liberty restriction is thus a question of the distribution of benefitsbenefits benefits and burdens in a population, a question of distributive justice. In this chapter, I argue that in some pandemics, such as COVID-19, it may be a more proportionate restriction of liberty to restrict the liberty of certain groups, rather than the population as a whole. Two arguments were given in the COVID-19 pandemic for liberty restriction: (1) protection of the vulnerable; (2) protection of the health service. These These are, however, more fundamentally issues about distributive justice. I explore how several approaches to distributive justice can support the differential differential differentialdifferentialdifferential restriction of liberty. In addition, I argue that the commonly accepted justificationjustificationjustificationjustificationjustification justification justification justification for liberty restrictions (that liberty restrictions may be justifiedjustifiedjustifiedjustifiedjustified justified to prevent direct harm to others) - can be overly simplistic, as illustrated by the COVID-19 pandemic. I argue that where risk groups (such as the elderly in the COVID-19 pandemic) are more likely to utilise limited health resources, they pose an indirect threat to others during the pandemic that warrants coercion. I argue there should be a side-constraint on justice of non-maleficence.non-maleficence.non-maleficence. non-maleficence. non-maleficence. non-maleficence. This This requires that there is a limit to harm which can be imposed on individuals for others, best captured by a collective duty of easy rescue. For groups such as the young, vaccination or lockdown may not constitute an “easy rescue” of those at greatest risk. I address the issue of whether selective restriction of liberty constitutes unjust discrimination and I propose an algorithm for making decisions about selective restriction of liberty
    Note: English
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  • 47
    ISBN: 9780192871688
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 p.)
    Keywords: Ethical issues & debates
    Abstract: In the response to this pandemic, two vital, but controversial ethical questions are we should allocate ventilators to patients with severe respiratory failure, and how we should distribute vaccines to people at risk of contracting coronavirus. There There are opposing ethical views about how to prioritise, and countries have taken different different differentdifferentapproaches. There There is a strong ethical argument that policies should take a pluralistic approach to allocation that reflectsreflects reflectsreflectsreflectsmultiple ethical values - both because of the diversity of viewpoints within communities and the recognition that there are competing relevant ethical values. In this chapter, I look at the epistemic and normative problems raised by pluralistic allocation in this pandemic and suggest implications for future pandemics. I summarise some of the relevant evidence about the public’s views and values relating to prioritisation. I also explore some practical approaches to prioritisation of scarce resources in the face of contrasting and competing ethical values
    Note: English
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  • 48
    ISBN: 9780191959370
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XII, 297 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Keywords: International relations ; Political science & theory ; Political structure & processes ; Africa ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Why have most African countries not achieved greater political liberalization? What explains the lack of progress toward the ideals of liberal democracy across the region? This book advances ongoing debates on democratic backsliding with specific reference to Africa. In examining how incumbent leaders in African countries attempt to contain societal pressures for greater democracy, the chapters explain how governments go beyond the standard tools of manipulation, such as electoral fraud and political violence, to keep democracy from unfolding in their countries. The book emphasizes two distinct strategies that governments frequently use to reinforce their hold on power, but which remain overlooked in conventional analyses; —the legal system and the international system. It—documents how governments employ the law to limit the scope of action among citizens and civil society activists struggling to expand democratic liberties, including the use of constitutional provisions and the courts. The work further demonstrates how governments use their role in international relations to neutralize pressure from external actors, including sovereigntist claims against foreign intervention and selective implementation of donor-promoted policies. While pro-democracy actors can also employ these legal and international strategies to challenge incumbents, in some cases to prevent democratic backsliding, the book shows why and how incumbents have enjoyed institutional advantages when implementing these strategies through the six country case studies of Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe
    Note: English
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1174 p.)
    Keywords: Physiological & neuro-psychology, biopsychology ; Cognition & cognitive psychology ; Cognitivism, cognitive theory ; Neurosciences
    Abstract: The subject of this book is how the brain works. In order to understand this, it is essential to know what is computed by different brain systems; and how the computations are performed. The aim of this book is to elucidate what is computed in different brain systems; and to describe current computational approaches and models of how each of these brain systems computes. Understanding the brain in this way has enormous potential for understanding ourselves better in health and in disease. Potential applications of this understanding are to the treatment of the brain in disease; and to artificial intelligence which will benefit from knowledge of how the brain performs many of its extraordinarily impressive functions. This book is pioneering in taking this approach to brain function: to consider what is computed by many of our brain systems; and how it is computed. The book is also pioneering in taking biologically plausible approaches to brain computation. The book is also pioneering in incorporating evidence on the connectivity of 360 cortical regions in the human brain, making the book highly relevant to understanding the human brain. The book will be of interest to all scientists interested in brain function and how the brain works, whether they are from neuroscience, or from medical sciences including neurology and psychiatry, or from the area of computational science including machine learning and artificial intelligence, or from areas such as theoretical physics
    Note: English
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (592 p.)
    Series Statement: Cultural Heritage Law and Policy
    Keywords: Public international law ; Museology & heritage studies ; Colonialism & imperialism ; National liberation & independence, post-colonialism
    Abstract: In 1978, UNESCO Secretary General Amadou-Mahtar M’Bow compared cultural colonial objects to ‘witnesses to history’. Their treatment is one of the most debated questions of our time. Calls for a novel international cultural order go back to decolonization. However, for decades, the issue has been treated as a matter of comity or been reduced to a Shakespearean dilemma: to return or not to return. This book seeks to go beyond these classic dichotomies. It argues that contemporary practices are at a tipping point. It shows that cultural takings were material to the colonial project throughout different periods (early takings, birth of modern nation state, nineteenth-century scramble for objects) and went far beyond looting. It relies on micro histories and object biographies to trace recurring justifications and contestations of takings and returns, and the complicity of anthropology, racial science, and professional networks in colonial collecting. It demonstrates the dual role of law and cultural heritage regulation in enabling colonial injustices, and mobilizing resistance thereto. It challenges the argument that takings were acceptable according to the standards of the time. Drawing on the interplay between justice, ethics, and human rights, it develops a theory of entanglement to rethink contemporary approaches. It shows that future engagement requires a reinvention of knowledge systems and relations towards objects, including new forms of consent, provenance research, partnership and a rethinking of the role of museums themselves. It proposes principles of relational cultural justice to confront ongoing historic, legal, and economic entanglements and enable normative transformation
    Note: English
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  • 51
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (272 p.)
    Keywords: Pensions ; Financial services industry ; Investment & securities
    Abstract: Since its green shoots first emerged around 50 years ago, acceptance of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) considerations in institutional investing—especially in pension funds—has evolved with distinct shifts in investor preferences. This Pension Research Council volume traces these shifts and their implications, leading up to the present day. The book notes that investors have diverse reasons for devoting attention to ESG criteria when deciding where to invest their money. Some had religious motives, such as Quakers, who focused on values; this approach can offer some risk mitigation. Nevertheless, studies that look at whether divestment actually changes behaviors of companies show that this rarely occurs. Accordingly, this book offers a variety of distinct viewpoints from numerous countries, on whether, how, and when ESG criteria should, and should not, drive pension fund investments. Authors also find that policymakers should consider fund consolidation in private sector retirement systems, along with whether service provider incentives could be better aligned with sustainability incentives. For instance, boosting transparency in these markets would help generate better-informed policies, while providing beneficiaries with information relevant to their savings choices
    Note: English
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  • 52
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    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (416 p.)
    Keywords: Political structure & processes ; Public administration
    Abstract: How does governing work today? How does society (mis)handle pressing challenges such as armed violence, cultural difference, ecological degradation, economic restructuring, geopolitical shifts, global pandemics, migration flows, and technological change in ways that are democratic, effective, fair, peaceful, and sustainable? This book addresses this key question around the theme of ‘polycentrism’: i.e. the idea that contemporary governing is dispersed, fluctuating, messy, elusive, and headless. Chapters develop this notion of polycentrism from a broad spectrum of academic disciplines and theoretical approaches. Readers thereby obtain a full coverage of exciting new thinking about how today’s world is (mis)ruled. The book distinguishes four paradigms of knowledge about polycentric governing—organizational, legal, relational, structural—and pursues conversations across the divides that normally keep these approaches in separate research communities. These exceptional inter-paradigm exchanges focus especially on issues of techniques (how governing is done), power (what forces drive governing), and legitimacy (whether governing is rightful). Comparisons between the multiple perspectives on polycentric governing highlight, and help to clarify, the distinctive emphases, potentials, and limitations of each approach. In addition, combinations across the diverse theories generate promising novel avenues of thought about polycentrism. Through their engagement with the book, readers can develop their own understandings of governing today and thereby become more empowered political subjects
    Note: English
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  • 53
    Book
    Book
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Show associated volumes/articles
    ISBN: 9780198867692
    Language: English
    Pages: xvii, 423 Seiten , Illustrationen , 24 cm
    Series Statement: The Oxford history of Hinduism
    DDC: 305.694509
    Keywords: Hindu diaspora History ; Hinduism History ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Hinduismus ; Hindu ; Diaspora
    Abstract: Hinduism is a global religion with a significant presence in many countries. 'Hindu Diasporas' analyses the religious traditions and practices of Hindus of South Asian descent living outside South Asia, offering a foundation for understanding Hindu traditions in their global diasporic contexts and the dynamic development of Hinduism around the world.
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  • 54
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (265 p.)
    Keywords: European history ; The Cold War ; Liberalism & centre democratic ideologies
    Abstract: The decline of the centre-left and centre-right people’s parties is arguably the most poignant feature of the crisis of democracy in Western Europe today. To understand why, this book explores the striking parallels between the life of democracy and that of the people’s parties over the course of the past century. It offers a transnational window on the history of democracy since 1918 by weaving together three epochs which are often studied apart: democracy’s troubled history in the Interwar era; the trente glorieuses after the Second World War; and the period since the 1970s. The book shows that democracy was only stabilized and legitimized when people’s parties emerged that managed to balance between facilitating popular participation from below, bridging divisions between social groups, and practising the politics of compromise. Ideas for such parties existed already in the first decades of the twentieth century. Nonetheless, Socialist and Catholic mass parties failed to transform into people’s parties, which was essential for the crisis (and breakdown) of democracy in the Interwar era. This was a traumatic experience which contributed to the unexpected stabilization of democracy after 1945 as party leaders transformed their organizations into broad-based people’s parties that embraced compromise and responsibility. However, this stability did not last, and paradoxically their transformation also harboured the seeds of democracy’s more recent problems. Over the past decades, people’s parties have struggled to connect to an individualizing society while having become increasingly absorbed by their governing responsibilities
    Note: English
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  • 55
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (401 p.)
    Keywords: Agricultural economics ; Development economics & emerging economies ; Political economy ; Political science & theory
    Abstract: Although the global food system increasingly is viewed as unsustainable for human and planetary health, the policy pathways for transforming the status quo are often highly contentious. This book brings together inter-disciplinary scholars to analyze the political economy dynamics central to food system transformation and to identify pathways for enhancing the political feasibility of necessary reforms. Drawing on original surveys, interviews, empirical modeling, and case studies from around the world, the book delves into the power dynamics, interest group coalitions, narratives, and institutional structures that shape decisions related to agricultural productivity, agro-industry, trade, and food consumption
    Note: English
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  • 56
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    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (540 p.)
    Keywords: Literary studies: classical, early & medieval ; Literary studies: c 1500 to c 1800 ; Literature: history & criticism
    Abstract: Literature and the Senses critically probes the role of literature in capturing and scrutinizing sensory perception. Organized around the five traditional senses, followed by a section on multisensoriality, the collection facilitates a dialogue between scholars working on literature written from the Middle Ages to the present day. The contributors engage with a variety of theorists from Maurice Merleau-Ponty to Michel Serres to Jean-Luc Nancy to foreground the distinctive means by which literary texts engage with, open up, or make uncertain dominant views of the nature of perception. Considering the ways in which literary texts intersect with and diverge from scientific, epistemological, and philosophical perspectives, these essays explore a wide variety of literary moments of sensation including the interspecies exchange of a look between a swan and a young Indigenous Australian girl; the sound of bees as captured in an early modern poem; the noxious smell of the ‘Great Stink’ that recurs in the Victorian novel; the taste of an aubergine registered in a poetic performance; tactile gestures in medieval romance; and the representation of a world in which the interdependence of human beings with the purple hibiscus plant is experienced through all five senses. The collection builds upon and breaks new ground in the field of sensory studies, focusing on what makes literature especially suitable to engaging with, contributing to, and challenging our perennial understandings of the senses
    Note: English
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 460 Seiten)
    Keywords: British & Irish history ; Early modern history: c 1450/1500 to c 1700 ; History of medicine ; Social & cultural history
    Abstract: This work is the first major attempt since the 1970s to challenge the idea that the essential engine of medical (and scientific) change in seventeenth-century Britain emanated from puritanism. It seeks to reaffirm the crucial role of the period of the civil wars and their aftermath in providing the most congenial context for a re-evaluation of traditional attitudes to medicine. In the process, it rejects the idea that such initiatives were the special preserve of a small religious elite (puritans), claiming instead that enthusiasm for change can be found across the religious spectrum. At the same time, the work demonstrates that medical practitioners were increasingly drawn into contemporary religious and political debates in a way that led to a fundamental politicization of the ‘profession’. By the end of the seventeenth century, it was now commonplace to see doctors, apothecaries and surgeons fully engaged in everyday political and civic life. At the same time, religious and political orientation often became an important factor in the career development of medics, especially in towns and cities, where substantial benefits might accrue to those who found themselves in favour with the ruling elites, be they Whig or Tory. The body politic, a Renaissance commonplace, was now peopled by medical practitioners who often claimed a special authority when it came to diagnosing the ills of late seventeenth-century society
    Note: English
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  • 58
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (289 p.)
    Keywords: Development economics & emerging economies ; Urban economics ; Economic geography ; Political control & freedoms
    Abstract: Authoritarianism is on the rise globally, with more than twice as many countries experiencing democratic decline as democratic enhancement in recent years. This has been occurring simultaneously with unprecedented rates of urbanization in many parts of the world, raising questions about the role of cities—often considered the focal points of democratic deepening—in this authoritarian turn. With most literature on authoritarianism focusing on the national scale, in this book we train our gaze on capital cities, which as ‘containers’ of both capital and sovereignty are spaces in which authoritarian dominance is increasingly built, contested, maintained, and undone. Focusing on some of the world’s fastest urbanizing regions in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, the book explores the multiple ways in which authoritarian regimes have been attempting to build and sustain long-term dominance in capital cities in order to meet the challenge of urban political resistance. Our diverse selection of case studies spans governing regimes that have recently tried to build urban dominance and spectacularly failed, as well as those that have managed to hold onto power by constantly evolving strategies for dominance that limit the potential for urban opposition to tip into regime overthrow. With chapters on Addis Ababa, Colombo, Dhaka, Harare, Kampala, and Lusaka, this book offers the first cross-regional comparative study of the relationship between cities and political dominance. It contributes to debates on authoritarianism and authoritarian durability, urbanization, political contestation and resistance, the politics of development, and the prospects for democracy
    Note: English
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  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780192871688
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (9 p.)
    Keywords: Infectious & contagious diseases ; Ethical issues & debates
    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has been a defining defining event of the 21st century. Global estimates of excess mortality indicate that it has taken fifteen fifteen million lives over 2020-21 (Knutson et al. 2022). It has closed national borders, put whole populations into quarantine and devastated economies. Almost half of workers in low or middle income countries lost a job or business due to the pandemic (Anonymous 2021). The International Monetary Fund has estimated a global loss to the world economy of US$12trillion by the end of 2021 (Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation 2020). It led to a rise in rates of extreme poverty for the first firstfirst time in 25 years, with 37 million additional people experiencing this in 2020. The pandemic toll and the cost of measures taken to combat it—both effective effectiveeffectiveeffectiveeffectiveeffective and ineffective—has ineffective—has ineffective—hasineffective—hasineffective—hasineffective—hasineffective—has ineffective—has been paid in human lives, mental and physical suffering,suffering, suffering, suffering,suffering, and economic hardship. The costs will continue to be paid by individuals and societies for decades to come. While the COVID-19 pandemic has been catastrophic, it is not unique. It is not as severe as Spanish influenza, estimated to have killed between 50-100 million people. Recent MERS and SARS epidemics were more deadly to those infected, but less contagious. Future influenza pandemics, perhaps like the hypothetical example above, undoubtedly lie ahead. We await ‘Disease X’, the World Health Organisation’s placeholder name for “a serious international epidemic … caused by a pathogen currently unknown to cause human disease.” In some ways, the COVID-19 pandemic has been a wake up-call. Children who have been home-schooled during the COVID pandemic will almost certainly face another pandemic in their lifetime – one at least as bad—and potentially much worse—than this one
    Note: English
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  • 60
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (225 p.)
    Keywords: European history ; Early modern history: c 1450/1500 to c 1700 ; Social & cultural history ; History of religion
    Abstract: For victims of persecution, attracting international awareness of their plight is often a matter of life and death. This book uncovers how in seventeenth-century Europe, persecuted minorities first learned how to use the press as a weapon to combat religious persecution. To mobilize foreign audiences, they faced an acute dilemma: how to make people care about distant suffering? This study argues that by answering this question, they laid the foundations of a humanitarian culture in Europe. The book reveals how, as consuming news became an everyday practice for many Europeans, the Dutch Republic emerged as an international hub of printed protest against religious violence. It traces how a diverse group of people, including Waldensian refugees, Huguenot ministers, Savoyard officeholders, and many others, all sought access to the Dutch printing presses to raise transnational solidarity for their cause. By examining their publicity strategies, this study deepens our understanding of how people tried to confront the specter of religious violence that had haunted them for generations
    Note: English
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  • 61
    Online Resource
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    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (401 p.)
    Keywords: International law ; International organisations & institutions ; Law & society
    Abstract: How does international law change? How does it adapt to meet global challenges in an accelerated social and political context? The question is crucial for any account of international law, but it is not very well understood. This interdisciplinary volume traces drivers, conditions, and consequences of change across the different fields of international law and paints a complex and varied picture very much in contrast with the relatively static and uniform imagery in most existing accounts. It highlights the social dynamics through which different areas and institutional contexts have generated their own pathways, with different constellations of actors and authorities that condition how smoothly and speedily change proceeds. The volume presents a theoretical framework for understanding this dynamism, and its chapters explore the strategies, forms, and forces behind the many paths of change they encounter. They take into view the politics of precedent and legal restatements, they look at populist and authoritarian challenges and their effects, and they trace change in response to contestation and non-compliance. They also highlight how states are at times marginalized in change processes—and how change may take other forms when international law itself proves too inflexible. Overall, the volume offers a fascinating account of an international legal order in flux—with a degree of dynamism not captured through traditional doctrinal lenses—and helps situate change processes and their varied implications in international law and politics
    Note: English
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (244 p.)
    Keywords: Philosophy of language ; Social & political philosophy ; Political science & theory
    Abstract: If we don’t know what the words “democracy” and “democratic” mean, then we don’t know what democracy is. This book defends a radical view: these words mean nothing and should be abandoned. The argument for abolitionism is simple: those terms are defective and we can easily do better, so let’s get rid of them. According to the abolitionist, the switch to alternative devices would be a significant communicative, cognitive, and political advance. The first part of the book presents a general theory of abandonment: the conditions under which language should be abandoned. The rest of the book applies this general theory to the case of “democracy” and “democratic”. The book shows that “democracy” and “democratic” are semantically, pragmatically, and communicatively defective. Abolitionism is not all gloom and doom. It also contains a message of good cheer: we have easy access to conceptual devices that are more effective than “democracy”. We can do better. These alternative linguistic devices will enable us to ask better questions, provide genuinely fruitful answers, and have more rational discussions. Moreover, those questions and answers better articulate the communicative and cognitive aims of those who use empty terms such as “democracy” and “democratic”
    Note: English
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  • 63
    Online Resource
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    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (319 p.)
    Keywords: Literary studies: classical, early & medieval ; Classical texts ; Literary studies: poetry & poets
    Abstract: Immersion, Identification, and the Iliad explains why people care about this foundational epic poem and its characters. It represents the first book-length application to the Iliad of research in communications, literary studies, media studies, and psychology on how readers of a story or viewers of a play, movie, or television show find themselves immersed in the tale and identify with the characters. Immersed recipients get wrapped up in a narrative and the world it depicts and lose track to some degree of their real-world surroundings. Identification occurs when recipients interpret the storyworld from a character’s perspective, feel emotions congruent with those of a character, and/or root for a character to succeed. This volume situates modern research on these experiences in relation to ancient criticism on how audiences react to narratives. It then offers close readings of select episodes and detailed analyses of recurring features to show how the Iliad immerses both ancient and modern recipients and encourages them to identify with its characters. Accessible to students and researchers, to those inside and outside of classical studies, this interdisciplinary project aligns research on the Iliad with contemporary approaches to storyworlds in a range of media. It thereby opens new frontiers in the study of ancient Greek literature and helps investigators of audience engagement from antiquity to the present contextualize and historicize their own work
    Note: English
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  • 64
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (275 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2023
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Plattformarbeit ; Crowdwork ; digitale Arbeit ; Prekarisierung ; Arbeitskontrolle ; Macht und Herrschaft ; Subjektivierung ; platform work, crowdwork, digital work, precarity, control, power, subjects of work ; platform work ; crowdwork ; digital work ; precarity ; control ; power ; subjects of work ; Soziologie und Anthropologie ; Hochschulschrift
    Abstract: Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die Bedeutung und Auswirkungen von Plattformarbeit in Westeuropa und Nordamerika. Dafür werden die Zusammenhänge zwischen drei Ebenen untersucht: Erstens die Gestaltung des Arbeitsmodells als Mesoebene, zweitens bestehende Arbeitsmarktentwicklungen und nationale Regulierungskontexte als Makroebene, sowie drittens das Leben und Erleben des Arbeitsmodells von Plattformarbeiter*innen als Mikroebene. Die empirische Untersuchung konzentriert sich auf Crowdwork als ortsunabhängige Form von Plattformarbeit. Zudem wird eine Triangulation von qualitativen und quantitativen Forschungsmethoden sowie eine komparative Perspektive zwischen unterschiedlichen Aufgabenkomplexitäten (Mikro- und Makroaufgaben) und institutionellen Kontexten (Deutschland und USA) genutzt. Die Mehrebenenuntersuchung zeigt, dass Plattformarbeit auf der Mesoebene eine arbeitsorganisatorische Innovation darstellt, die auf der Makro- und Mikroebene an bestehende Entwicklungen anknüpft. Auf der Mesoebene zeigen sich vielfältigere und komplexere Ansätze der Arbeitsorganisation und Arbeitskontrolle als häufig angenommen. Auf der Makroebene knüpft Plattformarbeit an bestehende Prozesse der Auslagerung, Flexibilisierung und Prekarisierung von Arbeit, wobei der nationale Regulierungskontext weiterhin prägend ist. Auf der Mikroebene zeigt sich, dass die Heterogenität der Plattformarbeiter*innen und das hohe Maß an Eigenverantwortung ihre Individualisierung befördert. Die vorliegende Arbeit schlussfolgert, dass eine Plattformisierung der Arbeitswelt keineswegs gegeben ist. Die Bedeutung von Plattformarbeit wird insbesondere darin verortet, dass es die weitere Ausbreitung und Ausdifferenzierung von prekären Erwerbsformen auf der Makroebene und die Individualisierung von prekär Erwerbstätigen auf der Mikroebene befördert. Die vorliegende Arbeit verortet in dieser Vielfalt an Prekarität und Individualisierung der Prekären eine Form von Herrschaft.
    Abstract: This study examines the importance and consequences of platform work in Western Europe and North America. To this end, the connections between three levels are examined: First, the design of the work model as the meso level, second, existing labour market developments and national regulatory contexts as the macro level, and third, the forms of use and perceptions of platform workers as the micro level. The empirical investigation focuses on crowdwork as a location-independent form of platform work. Furthermore, the study uses a triangulation of qualitative and quantitative research methods as well as a comparative perspective between different task complexities (micro and macro tasks) and institutional contexts (Germany and USA). The multi-level investigation shows that platform work represents an innovation at the meso level that reflects and reinforces existing developments at the macro and micro levels. At the meso level, more diverse and complex approaches to work organization and control emerge than is often assumed. At the macro level, platform work reflects and reinforces processes of outsourcing, flexibilization and precarisation of work, though the national regulatory context remains a central factor. At the micro level, the heterogeneity of platform worker and the high degree of personal responsibility promotes their individualization. The study concludes that a platformisation of work is far from certain. The study attributes the importance of platform work to the fact that it promotes the further spread and differentiation of precarious employment at the macro level and the individualization of precarious workers at the micro level. The study identifies this variety of precarity and individualization of the precarious as a form of domination.
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  • 65
    ISBN: 9780198896777
    Language: English
    Pages: xxii, 296 Seiten , Diagramme
    Edition: First edition
    Keywords: Taliban ; Justice, Administration of ; Islamic courts ; Miliz ; Politischer Konflikt ; Innenpolitik ; Machtwechsel ; Regierungswechsel ; Rechtsordnung ; Rechtspolitik ; Rechtsprechung ; Rechtsprechende Gewalt ; Gericht ; Afghanistan
    Abstract: How did the Taliban gain the trust of the Afghan population through decades of conflict? How did they put themselves in a position to regulate social relations? And with what consequences for Afghan society? The Taliban Courts in Afghanistan: Waging War by Law explores how the Taliban used the law as a resource in its conflict with militarily and technologically superior Western armies. While the international coalition set up an inadequate and corrupt legal system, the Taliban set up hundreds of courts in the countryside. By insisting on due process, impartiality of judges, and the enforcement of verdicts, this system of justice established itself as one of the few sources of predictability in the daily lives of Afghans. The armed movement used law to substantiate their claim to embody the state, disseminate their vision of society, and establish local legitimacy. Their courts attempted to balance the political agenda of the movement, the demands of Islamic law, the needs of the population, and the expectations of international legal actors whose implicit recognition they desired. In contemporary civil wars, where dispensing justice is at once a juridical activity, a political weapon, and a stake in the war, this book thus accounts for why the West lost the war and how the Taliban took over the country. Based on the author's extensive fieldwork in various provinces in Afghanistan and unique access to Taliban judges and court users, this socio-legal investigation offers new perspectives on a country that was at war for over four decades. Baczko proposes an innovative reflection on the place of law and courts in civil wars as well as a stark reminder of the dangers of foreign intervention.
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 275-291, Register , Introduction : a sociological approach to law in civil wars , Legal uncertainty , A revolution in the juridical field , The social upheavals of a war-torn society , Regime justice : rubberstamping the balance of power , The US Army : reinventing the tribe, circumventing the courts , The Taliban courts , A bureaucratic system , The dual membership of judges , The trials , Producing a social order through the law , Judges as an instrument of centralization , Legitimation through law , The society project , Conclusion : the internationalization of law in civil war
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  • 66
    ISBN: 9780198862161
    Language: English
    Pages: x, 353 Seiten
    Edition: First edition
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Desautels-Stein, Justin The right to exclude
    DDC: 341.48
    Keywords: International law and human rights ; Emigration and immigration law ; Racism ; Xenophobia ; Ausländerrecht ; Colonialism & imperialism ; Immigration law ; International human rights law ; Internationales Öffentliches Recht: Menschenrechte ; Jurisprudence & philosophy of law ; Kolonialismus und Imperialismus ; LAW / Emigration & Immigration ; LAW / International ; LAW / Jurisprudence ; LAW / Legal History ; Legal history ; POL045000 ; POLITICAL SCIENCE / Political Freedom & Security / Human Rights ; Rechtsgeschichte ; Rechtsmethodik, Rechtstheorie und Rechtsphilosophie
    Abstract: In a world in which racism and xenophobia are endemic, what is the role of international law? To the extent international rules are thought to have any relevance at all, the typical approach characterizes international law as on the side of racial justice. Human rights instruments like the United Nations' International Convention on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination are paradigmatic, offering the world international agreements in which governments are directedto avoid racist behavior and promote antiracist action. In The Right to Exclude, Justin Desautels-Stein goes against the grain and asks whether certain rules of international law might actually produce structures of racial hierarchy, rather than limiting them. The intellectual fulcrum for this production, Desautels-Stein argues, lies in the ideological structures of sovereignty and property, the right to exclude that is shared in those twinned precincts, and the border regimes that result. Applying critical race theory to contemporaryproblems of migration, nationalism, multiculturalism, decolonization, and self-determination, Desautels-Stein expounds a theory of "postracial xenophobia", a structure of racial ideology that justifies and legitimates a pragmatic account of racialized foreignness, a racial xenos
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9780192866837
    Language: English
    Pages: xiii, 392 Seiten , 24 cm
    DDC: 320
    Keywords: Political science ; Politisches System ; Global Governance ; Polyzentrismus
    Abstract: How does governing work today? How does society (mis)handle pressing challenges such as armed violence, cultural difference, ecological degradation, economic restructuring, geopolitical shifts, global pandemics, migration flows, and technological change in ways that are (not) democratic, effective, fair, peaceful, and sustainable? This volume addresses these key questions with reference to the theme of 'polycentrism', i.e. the idea that contemporary governing is dispersed, fluctuating, messy, elusive, and headless. Chapters develop this notion of polycentrism from the perspectives of a broad spectrum of academic disciplines and theoretical approaches, offering comprehensive coverage of exciting new thinking about how today's world is (mis)ruled. The book identifies four paradigms of knowledge about polycentric governing - organizational, legal, relational, and structural - and pursues conversations across the divides that normally keep these approaches within separate research communities. These exceptional inter-paradigm exchanges focus particularly on issues of techniques (how governing is done), power (what forces drive governing), and legitimacy (whether governing is rightful). Comparisons between the multiple perspectives on polycentric governing highlight, and help to clarify, the distinctive emphases, potentials, and limitations of each approach. In addition, various combinations of the different theories generate promising novel avenues of thought about polycentrism. The book will allow readers to develop and refine their own understandings of governing today and hence to become more empowered political subjects.
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  • 68
    ISBN: 9780197648872
    Language: English
    Pages: 272 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten , 24 cm
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Johns, Fleur, 1971 - #HELP
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Johns, Fleur #Help
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Johns, Fleur #Help
    DDC: 172.4
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    Keywords: International relations Moral and ethical aspects ; Humanitarianism Political aspects ; Humanitarianism Technological innovations ; Humanitarismus ; Technische Innovation ; Weltordnung
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 235-263
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  • 69
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (130 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2023
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Missing Not at Random ; Multiple Imputation ; Fully conditional specification ; Mehrebenen Daten ; Selektionsmodell ; Selection Not at Random ; Stichprobenverzerrung ; Nicht-probabilistische Stichprobe ; Pattern-mixture Modell ; Sensitivitätsanalyse ; Missing Not at Random ; Multiple imputation ; Fully conditional specification ; Multilevel data ; Selection model ; Selection Not at Random ; Selection bias ; Non-probability sample ; Pattern-mixture model ; Sensitivity analysis ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Wahrscheinlichkeiten und angewandte Mathematik ; Hochschulschrift
    Abstract: Diese Dissertation beschäftigt sich mit Methoden zur Behandlung von nicht-ignorierbaren fehlenden Daten und Stichprobenverzerrungen – zwei häufig auftretenden Problemen bei der Analyse von Umfragedaten. Beide Datenprobleme können die Qualität der Analyseergebnisse erheblich beeinträchtigen und zu irreführenden Inferenzen über die Population führen. Daher behandle ich innerhalb von drei verschiedenen Forschungsartikeln, Methoden, die eine Durchführung von sogenannten Sensitivitätsanalysen in Bezug auf Missing- und Selektionsmechanismen ermöglichen und dabei auf typische Survey-Daten angewandt werden können. Im Rahmen des ersten und zweiten Artikels entwickele ich Verfahren zur multiplen Imputation von binären und ordinal Mehrebenen-Daten, welche es zulassen, einen potenziellen Missing Not at Random (MNAR) Mechanismus zu berücksichtigen. In unterschiedlichen Simulationsstudien konnte bestätigt werden, dass die neuen Imputationsmethoden in der Lage sind, in allen betrachteten Szenarien unverzerrte sowie effiziente Schätzungen zuliefern. Zudem konnte ihre Anwendbarkeit auf empirische Daten aufgezeigt werden. Im dritten Artikel untersuche ich ein Maß zur Quantifizierung und Adjustierung von nicht ignorierbaren Stichprobenverzerrungen in Anteilswerten, die auf der Basis von nicht-probabilistischen Daten geschätzt wurden. Es handelt sich hierbei um die erste Anwendung des Index auf eine echte nicht-probabilistische Stichprobe abseits der Forschergruppe, die das Maß entwickelt hat. Zudem leite ich einen allgemeinen Leitfaden für die Verwendung des Index in der Praxis ab und validiere die Fähigkeit des Maßes vorhandene Stichprobenverzerrungen korrekt zu erkennen. Die drei vorgestellten Artikel zeigen, wie wichtig es ist, vorhandene Schätzer auf ihre Robustheit hinsichtlich unterschiedlicher Annahmen über den Missing- und Selektionsmechanismus zu untersuchen, wenn es Hinweise darauf gibt, dass die Ignorierbarkeitsannahme verletzt sein könnte und stellen erste Lösungen zur Umsetzung bereit.
    Abstract: This thesis deals with methods for the appropriate handling of non-ignorable missing data and sample selection, which are two common challenges of survey data analysis. Both issues can dramatically affect the quality of analysis results and lead to misleading inferences about the population. Therefore, in three different research articles, I treat methods for the performance of so-called sensitivity analyses with regards to the missing data and selection mechanism that are usable with typical survey data. In the first and second article, I provide novel procedures for the multiple imputation of binary and ordinal multilevel data that are supposed to be Missing not At Random (MNAR). The methods’ suitability to produce unbiased and efficient estimates could be demonstrated in various simulation studies considering different data scenarios. Moreover, I could show their applicability to empirical data. In the third article, I investigate a measure to quantify and adjust non-ignorable selection bias in proportions estimated based on non-probabilistic data. In doing so, I provide the first application of the suggested index to a real non-probability sample outside its original research group. In addition, I derive general guidelines for its usage in practice, and validate the measure’s performance in properly detecting selection bias. The three presented articles highlight the necessity to assess the sensitivity of estimates towards different assumptions about the missing-data and selection mechanism if it seems realistic that the ignorability assumption might be violated, and provide first solutions to enable such robustness checks for specific data situations.
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  • 70
    ISBN: 9780192858887
    Language: English
    Pages: ix, 402 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    Edition: First editon
    DDC: 961
    Keywords: Africa, North History ; Africa, North Civilization ; Africa, Northeast History ; Africa, Northeast Civilization ; Sahara History ; Sahara Civilization ; African history ; Afrikanische Geschichte: vorkolonial ; Ancient history: to c 500 CE ; Antike ; Climate change ; Environmental archaeology ; HISTORY / Africa / North ; HISTORY / Ancient / General ; HISTORY / Social History ; Klimawandel ; Landscape archaeology ; Landschaftsarchäologie ; SCI092000 ; SOCIAL SCIENCE / Anthropology / Cultural ; SOCIAL SCIENCE / Archaeology ; Social & cultural anthropology, ethnography ; Social & cultural history ; Sozial- und Kulturanthropologie, Ethnographie ; Sozial- und Kulturgeschichte ; Umweltarchäologie
    Abstract: "Northern Africa is dominated by the Sahara Desert, stretching across the continent from the Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea. This book is about the people who lived around the edges of the Desert and the different ways in which they responded to its challenges, establishing networks of communication across its expanse. But the Sahara has not always been a desert. From about 9000 BC the region began to enjoy a warm, humid period allowing vegetation to flourish and wild animals to move in. Humans soon followed practising pastoral economies but with the onset of harsher conditions once more around 3000 BC the desert reclaimed its own. Since then fluctuations in climate have continued to affect the lives of people living around the desert fringes. The communities occupying the North African Coast and in the Nile Valley have come under the influence of the states dominating the Near East and the Mediterranean but those living in in the Sahel to the south of the desert have developed their own distinctive cultures. The book tells the story of the growing links between the two worlds, showing that Africa played a crucial part in the development of the Old World before it was drawn into the story of the New World." -- Provided by publisher.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface1: The Desert, the Rivers and the Ocean2: The Long Beginning3: Domesticating the Land: 6500-1000 BC4: Creating Connectivities: 1000-140 BC5: The Impact of Empire: 140 BC-AD 4006: An End and a Beginning: AD 400- 7607: Emerging States: AD 760-11508: Widening Horizons: AD 1150-14009: Africa and the World: AD1400-160010: Retrospect and Prospect
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  • 71
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (307 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2022
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Lebensverlauf ; Kausalinferenz ; Kindheit ; Jugend ; Familie ; life course ; causal inference ; childhood ; adolescence ; family ; Soziologie und Anthropologie
    Abstract: In dieser Dissertation gehe ich auf verschiedene statistische Modellierungs- und Messprobleme ein, die eine kausale Interpretation der in der Literatur zu Familiensoziologie und sozialer Ungleichheit gefundenen Zusammenhängen erschweren. Erstens legt die Lebensverlaufsforschung nahe, dass das Problem der Verzerrung durch Selektion in der Literatur über die Abwesenheit von Vätern komplexer sein könnte als angenommen. Durch die Korrektur von dynamischen Verzerrungen wird die Schätzung des kausalen Effektes der Abwesenheit des Vaters auf das Wohlergehen der Kinder reduziert. Zweitens wird angenommen, dass familiäre Instabilität in der Kindheit das Wohlbefinden der Kinder negativ beeinflusst. Allerdings könnten zeitabhängige konfundierende Faktoren, die durch vergangene Episoden familiärer Instabilität beeinflusst werden und sich auf die künftige Stabilität der Familie auswirken, einen Teil der angenommenen negativen Auswirkungen erklären. Ich zeige, dass eine dynamische Version der Selektionshypothese eine wesentliche Rolle bei der Entkräftung der Hypothese der familiären Instabilität spielt. Drittens deuten die Forschungsergebnisse darauf hin, dass die soziale Stratifizierung bei den Sprachkenntnissen von Vorschulkindern durch Eingriffe in den Erziehungsstil von Eltern mit wenig Ressourcen erheblich verringert werden könnten. Mit Hilfe einer kausalen Mediationsanalyse zeige ich, dass die elterliche Erziehung nur etwa ein Drittel des Gesamteffekts des sozioökonomischen Status auf die frühen Sprachfähigkeiten mediieren. Viertens wird die Messung kognitiver Fähigkeiten durch verschiedene Merkmale standardisierter Beurteilungen erschwert. Diese Probleme haben wichtige Auswirkungen auf die Quantifizierung sozialer Ungleichheit bei unbeobachtbaren Variablen und auf die Forschung zu kausalen Effekten. Die Dissertation schließt mit einem Plädoyer zur rigoroseren Anwendung von Methoden der kausalen Inferenz in Familiensoziologie und Forschung zu sozialer Ungleichheit.
    Abstract: In this dissertation, I consider various statistical modeling and measurement issues that complicate the causal attributions made about those associations in the literature in family sociology and social inequality. First, life course informed research suggests that the problem of selection bias in the father absence literature may be more complex than currently thought. After adjusting for dynamic biases, estimates of father absence's effect on children's wellbeing are reduced. Second, family instability experienced during childhood is said to negatively affect children's wellbeing. However, time-dependent confounders affected by past episodes of family instability and affecting future family stability might explain away part of the negative impact. I show that a dynamic version of the selection hypothesis counters the family instability hypothesis, and the effects of cumulative family instability are small and not consistent with the family instability hypothesis. Third, research suggest that socioeconomic status gaps in language skills among preschoolers could be substantially reduced by intervening on the parenting styles, practices, and parental investments of low-resource parents. Employing interventional causal mediation analysis, however, I show parenting mediates around one third of the total effect of SES on early language skills. Fourth, the measurement of cognitive abilities is complicated by various features of standardized assessments. Those problems have important implications for the quantification of social inequality in unobservable variables and for causal inference research because test scores capture non-random noise. The dissertation concludes by making a plea for furthering causal inference thinking in family sociology, social inequality, social mobility, and family demography research.
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  • 72
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (459 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2019
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Teilhabe ; Inklusion ; Schwerhörige ; Behindertenpolitik ; participation ; inclusion ; hard of hearing ; disability policy ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Andere soziale Probleme und Sozialdienste
    Abstract: Inklusion von Menschen mit Behinderungen ist zu einem der vordringlichen Ziele der Sozialpolitik der Europäischen Union und in der Russischen Föderation geworden, u. a. aufgrund der zunehmenden Zahl von Ländern, die die UN-BRK1 ratifizierten, sowie Herausforderungen wegen, die eine "alternde" Gesellschaft verursacht. Jedoch werden Menschen mit Hörbehinderung und deren spezielle Bedürfnisse im Vergleich zu anderen, eher sichtbaren Behinderungen, oft übersehen. Das zentrale Anliegen der vorliegenden Untersuchung ist es, die Mechanismen und Ergebnisse der sozialen Inklusion schwerhöriger Menschen in Russland und Deutschland näher zu betrachten und zu vergleichen, sowie mit empirisch belegten Befunden zur Forschung über schwerhörige Personen beizutragen. Der Forschungstand hierzu ist in den Disability Studies noch sehr lückenhaft. Eine Analyse der Sozial- und Behindertenpolitik in beiden Ländern sowie ein Vergleich der rechtlichen und institutionellen Maßnahmen als auch der Chancen bildet den Rahmen für eine empirische Analyse (Fragebogen, Interviews mit schwerhörigen Personen, NGOs und Experten). Die Einschätzung der politischen Maßnahmen und der Infrastrukturen folgt den konzeptionellen und normativen Bewertungsmaßstäben der Disability Studies. Die vergleichende Analyse konzentriert sich auf den Zugang schwerhöriger Menschen zu Bildung und Arbeitsmarkt, zu Wiedereingliederung, Information und Kommunikation – Bereiche welche für Inklusion und Teilhabe entscheidend sind. Die empirischen Erhebungen enthalten explorative, nicht-repräsentative Fragebögen-Untersuchungen unter a) 190 jungen Befragten, 18-35 Jahre alt (davon 136 aus Deutschland; 150 aus Russland) b) 110 älteren Befragten, 65 bzw. 60 Jahre alt — abhängig vom betreffenden Land — und älter (43 aus Deutschland; 67 aus Russland) und Experten-Interviews mit Schlüsselpersonen zum Thema (Forscher, politische Entscheidungsträger, medizinische und pädagogische Experten, schwerhörige NGO-Aktivisten); darüber hinaus Leitfaden-Interviews mit schwerhörigen Personen (11 in Deutschland, 16 in Russland). Übereinstimmungen und Abweichungen in den nationalen politischen Richtlinien werden diskutiert, Beispiele von positiven Praktiken in medizinischer, ausbildungsbezogener und beruflicher Rehabilitation und potentielle politische Maßnahmen werden vorgeschlagen.
    Abstract: Inclusion of people with disabilities has become one of the priorities of the social policy in the European Union and in the Russian Federation, in part, in connection with the increasing ratification of the UN CRPD worldwide and problems induced by the “ageing” society. However, people with hearing loss and their specific needs are often overlooked in comparison with more visible disabilities. The main purpose of this study is to look into and compare the mechanisms and results of social inclusion of hard of hearing people (HoH) in Russia and Germany and to contribute with empirically grounded findings to the research on hard of hearing people of which there is a lack in the disability research field. An analysis of the social and disability related policies in both countries and a comparison of the legal and institutional arrangements and opportunities provides the framework for the empirical analysis (questionnaire, interviews with HoH persons, NGOs and with experts). The appraisal of the policies and infrastructures is following the conceptual and normative benchmarks of the Disability studies. The comparative analysis is focused on access of HoH people to education and employment, to rehabilitation, information and communication – the fields critical to inclusion and participation. The empirical research comprises an explorative non-representative questionnaire survey with a) 190 young respondents aged 18-35 years (136 from Germany, 150 from Russia) b) 110 elderly respondents (65 or 60 years old and older; 43 from Germany, 67 from Russia), and expert interviews with the key persons in the field (researchers, political decision-makers, medical and educational professionals, hard of hearing NGO activists); furthermore, guided interviews with HoH people (N=11 in Germany, N=16 in Russia) were conducted. Commonalities and discrepancies in the national policy directions are discussed, examples of positive practices in medical, educational and professional rehabilitation and potential policy measures are suggested.
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  • 73
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (86 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Masterarbeit Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2023
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Elternzeit ; BEEG ; Geschlechtergleichstellung ; Bildungsungleichheiten ; Sequenzanalyse ; Masterarbeit ; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin ; Sozialwissenschaften ; parental leave ; gender equality ; educational inequalities ; sequence analysis ; social sciences ; Masterthesis ; Humboldt University Berlin ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Mit der Einführung des Bundeselterngeld- und Elternzeitgesetz (BEEG) im Jahr 2007 wurde der Familienpolitik in Deutschland ein Paradigmenwechsel bescheinigt, da erstmals Individuen an die Stelle von Familien in den Fokus der Unterstützungsmaßnahmen rückten. Aus der Familienforschung liegen bereits einhellige Befunde vor. Zwar kann das BEEG zur Förderung der Geschlechtergleichstellung beitragen, doch seine einkommensabhängige Ausgestaltung verträgt sich eher weniger mit den Voraussetzungen einer sozialen Gerechtigkeit. Die hier vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit zwei zentralen Forschungsfragen. Zum einen soll mithilfe der Multichannel Sequence Analysis (MCSA) untersucht werden, ob sich werdende Mütter in ihren drei Jahre lang beobachteten Erwerbsverläufen mehr, weniger oder gleichermaßen den Erwerbsverläufen ihrer Partner annähern. Zum anderen wird die Hypothese überprüft, ob bei Müttern eine höhere Bildung mit einer privilegierten BEEG-Wirksamkeit einhergeht. Für diesen zweiten Forschungsaspekt der Arbeit wird die Methode der multi-nomialen logistischen Regression herangezogen. Um beide Fragestellungen bearbeiten zu können, werden die Längsschnittdaten des Soziookonomischen Panels (SOEP) genutzt und in zwei Zeitepochen (1990–2006; 2007–2018) unterteilt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen zunehmend heterogene Frauenerwerbsverläufe. Rückläufigen Berufsausstiegs- und Hausfrauenmuster sowie die deutlich vermehrte Übergänge in Teilzeitbeschäftigungen erfahren Frauen nahezu exklusiv. Dabei erhöht ein hohes bis mittleres Bildungsniveau die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer zeitigen und planbaren Erwerbsrückkehr. Damit kann dem BEEG einerseits zugestanden werden, die richtige Richtung in der Geschlechterangleichung vorzugeben. Andererseits gilt es, identifizierte Schwachstellen in der Sozialverträglichkeit des Gesetzes anzuerkennen und zugunsten von Müttern mit geringerer Bildung auszubessern.
    Abstract: The introduction of the Federal Parental Allowance and Parental Leave Act (Bundeselterngeld- und Elternzeitgesetz, BEEG) in 2007 marked a paradigm shift in family policy in Germany, as for the first time individuals took the place of families as the focus of support policies. There are already consistent findings from family research. Although the BEEG can contribute to the promotion of gender equality, its income-dependent design is rather less compatible with the requirements of social justice. This paper addresses two central research questions. First, it uses multichannel sequence analysis to investigate whether mothers-to-be converge more, less, or equally to their partners' employment trajectories in their three-year observed employment trajectories. Second, the hypothesis is tested whether mothers with higher education experience a privileged BEEG effectiveness. For this second research aspect of the paper, the method of multinomial logistic regression is used. To address both questions, lon-gitudinal data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) are used and divided into two time epochs (1990-2006; 2007-2018). The results show increasingly heterogeneous female employment trajectories. Declining career exit and housewife patterns, as well as significant-ly increased transitions to part-time employment, are experienced almost exclusively by women. At the same time, a high to medium level of education increases the probability of a prompt and predictable return to the labor force. Thus, on the one hand, the BEEG can be credited with setting the right direction in gender equalization. On the other hand, it is important to recognize identified weaknesses in the social compatibility of the law and to remedy them in favor of mothers with lower levels of education.
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  • 74
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (130 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2023
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Angelfischerei ; Zufriedenheit ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Spezialisierung ; Recreational fisheries ; Satisfaction ; Human dimensions ; Angling ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Um die Angelfischerei wirksam zu bewirtschaften, müssen Forscher und Manager das Verhalten von Anglern im Kontext einer Vielzahl von Quellenverstehen. Die Angler selbst sind eine heterogene Gruppe, und ihr Wirkungsspektrum ist sehr divers mit vielen sozialökologischen Berührungspunkten. Ziel meiner Dissertation war es, die Zufriedenheit von Anglern, die eine wichtige Rolle bei der angelfischereilichen Bewirtschaftung spielt, und das Verhalten von Anglern im Zusammenhang mit unterschiedlichen Quellen zu untersuchen. Dafür habe ich zunächst eine Meta-Analyse zur Zufriedenheit von Anglern durchgeführt, um ihre fang- und nicht fangbezogenen Mediatoren zu bestimmen. Die aggregierten Effektgrößen zeigten, dass fangbezogene Komponenten (d. h. Fangrate, Größe des größten gefangenen Fisches) stärker mit der Zufriedenheit der Angler zusammenhängen als nicht fangbezogene Komponenten (z. B. Umweltqualität). Im Anschluss an die Meta-Analyse nutzte ich vorhandene Angler-Tagebuchdaten aus unterschiedlichen sozial-ökologischen Kontexten in Deutschland, um zu untersuchen, wie Fangzufriedenheit und „catch & release“ Verhalten variieren und wie sie durch situative und sozial-ökologische Merkmale moderiert werden können. Diese Untersuchung ergab, dass die Bedeutung von Fangergebnissen für die Zufriedenheit je nach Anglertyp (d.h. Spezialisierung des Anglers), Situation und sozial ökologischem Kontext variiert. In ähnlicher Weise fand ich heraus, dass auch das Fangverhalten je nach den genannten Quellen der Vielfalt erheblich variiert. Insgesamt untermauert meine Doktorarbeit die These, dass Forscher im Bereich der Angelfischerei die Vielfalt der verschiedenen Anglertypen, situativen und sozial-ökologischen Kontexte berücksichtigen müssen. Managemententscheidungen, die diese Quellen der Vielfalt nicht berücksichtigen, können Fischereimanager zu falschen Entscheidungen motivieren oder das Vertrauen in die Forschung zu menschlichen Dimensionen in der Freizeitfischerei schwächen.
    Abstract: To manage recreational fisheries effectively, researchers and managers must understand angler behaviour across multiple sources of diversity. Anglers themselves are a heterogeneous group, and they interact with a diversity of fishing opportunities across a diversity of social-ecological contexts. The objective of my dissertation was to study angler satisfaction, a key consideration in the management of recreational fisheries, and angler behaviour across these sources of diversity. First, I performed a meta-analysis of angler satisfaction to study the catch and non-catch related determinants of recreational angler satisfaction. The aggregated effect sizes revealed that catch-related (i.e., catch rate, size of largest fish caught, fish harvested) components were more strongly related to angling satisfaction than non-catch related components (e.g., environmental quality). Following the meta-analysis, I used existing angler diary data from contrasting social-ecological contexts in Germany to explore how catch satisfaction and catch & release behaviour varied, and how they may be moderated by situational and social-ecological characteristics. This research revealed that the importance of catch outcomes towards catch satisfaction varied across angler types (i.e., angler specialization), situational, and social-ecological contexts. Similarly, I found that harvest behaviours also varied significantly across these sources of diversity. Altogether, my doctoral research supports the assertion that recreational fisheries researchers need to account for diversity across angler types, situational contexts, and social-ecological contexts. Work that fails to account for these sources of diversity will have the potential to mislead fisheries managers or reduce faith in human dimensions research within recreational fisheries.
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  • 75
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (226 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2022
    DDC: 577
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; türkischen Kolonialtechniken der Gouvernementalität, ; räumliche Kolonisierung ; kurdische Frage ; Kurdistan ; ökologische Zerstörung ; Infrastruktur ; teknîka desthilatdariya dewleta Tirk a kolonyalîst ; nijadperestiya sazûmanî ; wêrankirina ekolojîk ; Bakurê Kurdistan ; Turkish colonial techniques of governmentality, ; spatial colonization ; Kurdish Issue ; Kurdistan ; ecological destruction ; infrastructure ; Ökologie ; Soziologie und Anthropologie ; Politikwissenschaft (Politik und Regierung) ; Internationale Migration und Kolonisation
    Abstract: Ev tez li ser teknîka desthilatdariya dewleta Tirk a kolonyalîst li Bakurê Kurdistanê ye. Herêmên kurdî yên li welêt bi dehsalan di bin ala ewlekariya dewletê de rastî rewşa awarte ya demdirêj tên. Li ser pêkanînên wekî çêkirina bendavên hîdroelektrîkê (HES), şewatên daristana yên sîstematîk ên bi piştgiriya dewletê û avakirina baregehên leşkerî /nûqteyên kontrolê yên bi ewlekariya bilind (Kalekol), ez nîşan didim ku mînaka taybet a kolonyalîzmê li Bakurê Kurdistanê çawa nijadperestiya sazûmanî, kontrolkirina nifûsê û wêrankirina ekolojîk bi awayên tevlihev bi kar tîne. Ji ber vê yekê, ev lêkolîn bi giranî li ser pêvajoya kolonîzekirina mekan a li erdnîgariya Kurd disekine.
    Abstract: Diese Dissertation befasst sich mit den türkischen Kolonialtechniken der Gouvernementalität in und über Nordkurdistan. Unter dem Deckmantel der Staatssicherheit sind die kurdischen Gebiete des Landes seit Jahrzehnten einer ausgeweiteten Notstandsregelung ausgesetzt. Anhand von Praktiken wie dem Bau von Wasserkraftwerken (HPP), systematischen und staatlich geförderten Waldbränden und dem Bau von militärischen Hochsicherheitshauptquartieren/Kontrollpunkten (Kalekol) zeige ich auf, wie spezifischen Beispiele der Kolonialität in Nordkurdistan auf komplexe Weise institutionellen Rassismus, Bevölkerungskontrolle und ökologische Zerstörung miteinander verbinden. Daher konzentriert sich diese Studie hauptsächlich auf den räumlichen Kolonisierungsprozess in der kurdischen Geografie.
    Abstract: This dissertation concerns Turkish colonial techniques of governmentality in and over northern Kurdistan. Under the banner of state security, Kurdish areas in the country have been subjected to extended emergency rule for decades. Drawing on practices such as the construction of hydroelectric dams (HPP), systematic state sponsored wildfires and the building of high security military checkpoints (Kalekol), I show how the specific examples of coloniality in northern Kurdistan harness in intricate ways institutional racism, population control and ecological destruction. Therefore, this study mainly focuses on the spatial colonization process of Kurdish geography.
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  • 76
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (190 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2023
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Ernährungssicherung ; Technologietransfer ; Mosambik ; Lebensmittelverarbeitung ; Food Security ; Technology Transfer ; Mozambique ; Food Processing ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Das Sozialverhalten beeinflussende Faktoren ; Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
    Abstract: In dieser Dissertation werden die Resultate eines optimal gestalteten Energieeinsatzes bei der Lebensmittelverarbeitung auf die Lebensmittelqualität und die entsprechenden Auswirkungen auf die Ernährungssicherheit im ländlichen Mosambik untersucht. Sie ergänzt die aktuelle wissenschaftliche Literatur, da sie 1) ein ganzheitliches Verständnis von Ernährungssicherung und der zugrundeliegenden Treiber vermittelt. Darüber hinaus trägt sie 2) zum Verständnis der technischen Leistungsfähigkeit optimal konzipierter Lebensmittelverarbeitungs- und -Lebensmittelzubereitungstechnologien bei. Diese Dissertation liefert zudem 3) Erkenntnisse über die Verbraucherakzeptanz, der mit diesen Technologien verarbeiteten und zubereiteten Lebensmittel. Weiterhin stellt sie 4) die Auswirkungen von neu eingeführten Lebensmittelverarbeitungstechnologie auf die Ernährungssicherheit dar. Schließlich wird 5) die Bedeutung des „Verbreitungsansatzes“ für den Erfolg der Einführung von „Clean Cooking“ Technologien diskutiert. Um all diesen Aspekten gerecht zu werden besteht diese Dissertation aus acht Kapiteln und die Ergebnisse werden in fünf einzelnen Unterkapitel vorgestellt. Die generellen Ergebnisse dieser Dissertation sind, dass erstens die in dieser Arbeit dargestellten Technologien nachhaltig und kosteneffizient genug sind um, zumindest temporär, die vorherrschenden traditionellen Methoden der Lebensmittelverarbeitung und Lebensmittelzubereitung zu ersetzen. Zweitens ist der Zugang zu Energie durch passive Solartrockner eine wichtige Komponente im Kampf gegen den Hunger und generelle Ernährungsunsicherheit. Drittens sollten Regierungen und relevante Akteure in den Kampf gegen Hunger und Energieunsicherheit die lokalen Kontexte in ihre Planungen einbeziehen und die entsprechenden und angemessenen Bildungs- oder Informationsansätze wählen.
    Abstract: This dissertation explores the effects of optimally designed processing energy usage on food quality and the respective impacts on FNS in rural Mozambique. It adds to the current literature, as it provides 1) a holistic understanding of the nature of FNS and its underlying drives. Furthermore, 2) it adds to the understanding of the technical performance of optimally designed food processing and preparation technologies. 3) The dissertation provides insights concerning users’ acceptability of the food processed and prepared through these technologies. 4) The effects of the newly introduced food processing technology on FNS are presented. Last – but not least – 5) it discusses the importance of the dissemination approach for the success of clean cooking adoption. This PhD dissertation is comprised of 8 chapters and the results are presented in five individual subchapters. The general conclusions of this thesis are that 1) the improved technologies presented in this study are sustainable and cost-effective means to substitute, at least temporarily, the prevailing traditional methods of food processing and food preparation; 2) energy provision through the use of passive solar drying is an essential component in the fight against food and nutrition insecurity and 3) governments and relevant stakeholders involved in energy and food security programs are advised to consider the local context to identify the most adequate training or information delivery technique.
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  • 77
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (169 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2023
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Klimawandel ; Klimaanpassung ; Anpassungseinschränkungen ; Anpassungsgrenzen ; Climate change ; Adaptation ; Adaptation constraints ; Adaptation limits ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Der erste Teil dieser Arbeit konzentriert sich auf die systematische Synthese von Informationen über Anpassung, Anpassungsstrategien, Einschränkungen und Grenzen auf globaler Ebene durch die Aufarbeitung der wissenschaftlichen Literatur und mit Hilfe von Techniken des maschinellen Lernens. In einem zweiten Schritt werden mittels einer Online-Umfrage und halbstrukturierter Interviews die Wahrnehmungen von Einschränkungen der Anpassungsmöglichkeiten in den kleinen Inselstaaten der Karibik bewertet, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf den Wechselwirkungen zwischen verschiedenen Arten von Einschränkungen und dem erheblichen Einfluss der fehlenden Anpassungsfinanzierung liegt. Schließlich wird ein zukunftsorientierter Ansatz verfolgt, bei dem Bottom-up- und Top-down-Daten kombiniert werden, um zu veranschaulichen, wie sich sozioökonomische Dimensionen im Zusammenhang mit Einschränkungen bis zum Jahr 2100 unter verschiedenen Szenarien der künftigen sozialen und wirtschaftlichen Entwicklungen entfalten könnten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Anpassung derzeit schrittweise und weitgehend fragmentiert erfolgt. Die Erkenntnisse über die Anpassungspolitik nehmen rasch zu, aber es bestehen weiterhin geografische Ungleichheiten. Finanzen und Regierungsführung sind weltweit die größten Einschränkungen, wobei die kleinen Inselstaaten sowie Mittel- und Südamerika die meisten Einschränkungen und Grenzen melden. Die Wechselwirkungen zwischen den Einschränkungen können zu Grenzen und zusätzlichen Verlusten und Schäden führen. Dies unterstreicht die Notwendigkeit, die Einschränkungen parallel anzugehen und eine nachhaltige und gezielte Anpassungsfinanzierung zu gewährleisten. Mögliche Szenarien für die künftige Entwicklung zeigen, dass selbst in den optimistischsten Szenarien sozioökonomische Schlüsseldimensionen wie schwache Regierungsführung die Anpassung bis weit in die zweite Hälfte des 21. Jahrhunderts hinein erschweren werden.
    Abstract: The first part of this thesis focuses on systematically synthesising information on adaptation, adaptation policies, constraints and limits on the global level by reviewing scientific literature and with the support of machine learning techniques. Secondly, through an online-survey and semi-structured interviews, perceptions of constraints in Caribbean Small Island Developing States are assessed, by focusing on the interactions between different types of constraints and the significant influence of the lack of adaptation finance. Finally, a forward-looking approach combining bottom-up and top-down data is taken to illustrate how socio-economic dimensions related to constraints could evolve by 2100, under various scenarios of future development. The results show that adaptation is currently incremental and largely fragmented. Evidence on adaptation policy is rapidly growing but geographic inequalities persist. There is negligible data on adaptation reducing climate change risks. Finance and governance are found to be the most prominent constraints globally, with Small Island Developing States and Central and South America reporting most constraints and limits. Indeed, Caribbean Small Island Developing States face large financial constraints which in turn closely interact with governance, human capacity and information constraints and result in vicious circles. Interactions between constraints can lead to limits and additional losses and damages. This highlights the need to address constraints in parallel and for sustained and dedicated adaptation finance. Potential scenarios of future development show that, even under the most optimistic scenarios, key socio-economic dimensions such as weak governance will challenge adaptation well into the second half of the 21st century. The persistence of constraints, in particular in the most vulnerable regions, calls for stringent mitigation, improved adaptation and increased efforts to address losses and damages.
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  • 78
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (110 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2023
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; lokale Demokratie ; Rechtsextremismus ; Urban Governance ; Kommunalpolitik ; Partizipation ; local democracy ; far right ; urban governance ; urban politics ; participation ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Die vorliegende kumulative Arbeit untersucht, inwiefern lokale Aushandlungsprozesse im Umgang mit extrem rechten Mobilisierungen zu deren Normalisierung beitragen. Die Studie adressiert zwei Forschungsdesiderate: Erstens externalisieren viele Beiträge die extrem Rechte von städtischen Demokratien. Folglich ist die Literatur nicht in der Lage zu erfassen, wie extrem rechte Agenden und Ideologien innerhalb lokaler partizipativer Prozesse in liberalen Demokratien normalisiert werden. Zweitens sind die Akteure und Prozesse, welchen diesen lokalen Aushandlungen zugrunde liegen, nicht ausreichend untersucht. Um diese Lücken zu schließen, verbindet die Studie Theoriestränge aus der Urban Governance - Literatur mit sozialwissenschaftlichen Debatten über den Aufstieg der extrem Rechten. Der methodische Rahmen der Arbeit besteht aus einem qualitativen Forschungsdesign in Form einer explorativen Einzelfallstudie in der Stadt Cottbus. Die Analyse zeigt, dass das Narrativ der Externalisierung in dreierlei Hinsicht eine falsche Dichotomie zwischen der extremen Rechten und lokalen Aushandlungsprozessen schafft: Erstens ignoriert es, dass deliberative Prozessen zwar das Versprechen auf Demokratisierung innewohnt, dieses aber durch bestehende gesellschaftliche Machtverhältnisse durchkreuzt wird, die Näherböden für autoritäre Mobilisierung bieten können. Zweitens übersieht es die Verflechtung zwischen Rassismus und den städtischen Institutionen, die auf extrem rechte Mobilisierung reagieren, und oftmals Anknüpfungspunkte für extrem rechte Ideologien bieten. Drittens wird argumentiert, dass dies auf den lokalen Staat als umkämpftes Terrain hinweist.
    Abstract: This doctoral dissertation explores to what extent local negotiations of far-right contestations contribute to the latter’s normalisation. The project is prompted by the crux that even though the central role of cities and local participatory planning processes in countering far-right contestations is widely acknowledged, far-right contestations have hardly been challenged. It seeks to address two scholarly blind spots: First, mainstream accounts engaging with the question of how municipalities deal with far-right contestations have largely externalised the far right from urban democracy. Consequently, the current literature is not able to grasp how far-right agendas and ideologies can indeed be normalised within local participatory processes. Second, the actors and processes involved in the local negotiation of far-right contestations remain understudied. To fill these gaps, the cumulative dissertation connects discussions on urban governance with recent debates on the rise of the far right. The methodological framework of this thesis consists of a qualitative, explorative single-case study in the city of Cottbus, Germany. The analysis reveals that the liberal narratives of externalisation create a false dichotomy between far-right contestations and local negotiations in liberal democracies in a threefold way. First, they ignore how far-right contestations can be strengthened within traditional deliberative processes, as their promise of equal participation for all citizens is juxtaposed with the inability of such processes to re-negotiate the power relations aggravating the social inequalities giving rise to the far right in the first place. Second, by externalising the divisiveness propagated by far-right contestations, they overlook the interconnectedness between racism and the institutions governing cities, which offers points of contact for far-right ideology. Third, it is argued that this points to the local state as contested terrain.
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  • 79
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (39 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Bachelorarbeit Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2022
    DDC: 102
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Marxismus ; Klimawandel ; Ökologie ; Naturverhältnis ; Kapitalismus ; Natur ; Umwelt ; Mensch ; Marxism ; Climate Change ; Environmentalism ; Capitalism ; Nature ; Verschiedenes zur Philsophie ; Menschheit ; Soziologie und Anthropologie
    Abstract: Wenn es um die drohenden und einsetzenden Umweltkrisen geht, wird häufig mit einem vagen „Wir“ hantiert, das diesem oder jenem Handlungsdruck ausgesetzt sei. Diese Abschlussarbeit zeigt auf, welche Grenzen eine solche flache Auffassung des „Wir, der Mensch“ hat. Sie ist notwendig zwar noch zur Bestimmung des Menschen in seinem allgemeinen Verhältnis zu Natur. Dieses ist historisch aber stets ein besonderes soziales Verhältnis, das sich aus einer jeweils verschieden bestimmten Organisationsweise der Arbeit – der bewussten Umformung und Nutzbarmachung der Natur – ergibt. Wer mehr als ebendas wissen will, dass also der Mensch in der Produktion seines Lebens sein praktisches Verhältnis zur Natur einnimmt, muss von der Abstraktion des Menschen an sich ablassen und konkrete gesellschaftliche Analyse anstellen. Dies ist das erste Argument der Arbeit: Die philosophische Bestimmung des Menschen und seiner Beziehung zur Natur erkennt diese als ein gesellschaftliches Naturverhältnis, dessen historisch konkrete Form in Ansehung der herrschenden Produktionsweise erfasst werden muss. Das zweite Argument schließt daran an: Ein Verständnis des modernen Verhältnisses zur Natur und seines destruktiven Charakters braucht eine Kritik der Politischen Ökonomie. Und so findet sich der ökologische Widerspruch des Kapitalismus schon in der Warenform. Hier zeigt sich die inwertgesetzte Versachlichung der Naturform als Ausdruck einer Verselbstständigung des Tauschwertes zum Geld und zuletzt zum Kapital als, so Marx, „automatisches Subjekt“ des Produktionsprozesses. Es soll gezeigt werden: Die zerstörerische Dynamik des modernen Naturverhältnisses liegt im Verwertungszwang des Kapitals begründet, der die Produktion und abhängige gesellschaftliche Prozesse bestimmt. Es wird nahegelegt: Ein ökologisch nachhaltiges Verhältnis zur Natur kann nicht allein durch ein Umdenken, sondern erst durch Emanzipation von diesen, außer gesellschaftlicher Kontrolle stehenden Kräften, ermöglicht werden.
    Abstract: Public discourse surrounding climate change and economic crisis often makes use of the rhethorical figure of a human 'we' or 'us', who is responsible for this or that and urged to act in one way or another. This thesis aims to show the limitations that lay in this imaginary collective 'we, the human being'. It might have some analytical necessity in assessing the transhistorical, abstract philosophical description of man and his relation to nature. In this context man is to be found characterized as setting his own conditions of existence by socially (re)producing them, which means to form and interact with his natural surroundings through labor. However: Anyone, who wants to understand more, which means to know not only that, but also how man forms his existence in his metabolism with nature, needs to give up the abstraction of man as an analytical entity and turn towards historical analysis of society. Mans relation to nature can only be understood as a social relation of material (re)production. This is the first argument of this thesis. The second argument is based on that first: For an understanding of the destructive character of modern societies relation to its natural environment, a critique of political economy of the capitalist mode of production is needed. This Marxist analysis reveals the ecological contradiction that can be found in the commodity and its production, where the natural form is being subjugated to value. Value then aquires power of its own as capital, whose necessity of being reinvested and accumulated becomes the dominant factor in capitalist production. It is just that, what determines the destructive dynamics of capital-led production and the dependent social processes. Can a social relation to nature of environmental sustainability become possible only through emancipation from those destructive forces?
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  • 80
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (301 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2022
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Inklusive Ausbildung ; Partizipation ; Teilhabe ; Förderschwerpunkt Geistige Entwicklung ; Übergang Schule-Beruf ; Inklusive Beschulung ; WfbM ; Teilhabe am Arbeitsleben ; Subjektperspektive ; Berufswünsche ; System der beruflichen Rehabilitation ; Participation ; Transition from school to work ; Inclusive education ; Sheltered workshop for people with disabilities ; Participation in working life ; Subject perspective ; Career aspirations ; System of vocational rehabilitation ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Die Wege von ehemaligen Förderschüler*innen nach der Schule in Ausbildung, Arbeit oder Übergangsmaßnahmen können mit Hilfe der bestehenden Statistiken nur vage nachvollzogen werden. Die subjektive Sichtweise der Förderschüler*innen wird dabei zudem sehr selten erfasst. Besonders bei dem Förderschwerpunkt (FS) Geistige Entwicklung (GE) sind (strukturelle) Benachteiligungen deutlich zu erkennen. So werden die Schüler*innen dieses Förderschwerpunktes fast ausschließlich an der Förderschule beschult. Das Forschungsdesign der Dissertation ist eine explorative Längsschnittstudie mit Fokus auf die Entstehung und Umsetzung des Berufswunsches bei acht Schüler*innen des FS GE. Innerhalb dieses Lebensabschnittes werden die Partizipationsmöglichkeiten und Barrieren aus Sicht der Schüler*innen eruiert. Als theoretisch-konzeptionelle Grundlage dient der Begriff der Partizipation. Der inflationär verwendete und dennoch unscharf definierte Partizipationsbegriff wird sowohl politisch in unterschiedlichen Diskursen, als auch im Bereich der Behindertenhilfe rege diskutiert. Besonders eine Abgrenzung zu dem Begriff der Teilhabe findet sich jedoch eher selten. In der Dissertation wird eine Schärfung des Begriffs Partizipation vorgenommen. Die Studie konnte zeigen, dass Partizipationsmöglichkeiten der Schüler*innen des FS GE in dem Übergang Schule-Beruf nur in einem geringen Umfang und in einem begrenzten Handlungsrahmen möglich sind. Das Lehrpersonal, die Reha-Berater*innen der Agentur für Arbeit, sowie die Eltern haben einen großen Einfluss auf den Berufswunsch der Förderschüler*innen und die Umsetzung dessen. Alternative Ausbildungs- und Beschäftigungsmöglichkeiten, wie z.B. Unterstützte Beschäftigung, Fachpraktikerausbildung usw. wurden von den Schüler*innen nicht thematisiert. Des Weiteren konnten die teilweise engen Kooperationen der Schulen zu den Werkstätten für behinderte Menschen aufgezeigt werden, sowie eine fehlende langfristige Begleitung von unabhängigen Berufsberater*innen.
    Abstract: The paths of former special needs students after school into training, work or vocational education can only be very vaguely traced with the help of the existing statistics. The subjective point of view of the special needs students is only rarely recorded. Structural disadvantages are particularly evident at students with special needs related to intellectual development. Students with special needs related to intellectual development are almost exclusively taught at special schools. The research design of the dissertation is an exploratory longitudinal study. The research question was how the career aspirations were developed, of eight special needs students related to intellectual development, and how they can implement them. In the dissertation, the concept of participation was chosen as the theoretical and conceptual basis. The concept of participation, which is used excessively and is still vaguely defined, is the subject of lively debate both politically in various discourses and in the work with people with disabilities. However, a distinction from the concept of participation is rare. In the dissertation, an urgently needed differentiation of the definition of the concept of participation took place. The study was able to show that the participation opportunities for students in the transition from school to work are only possible to a small extent and within a limited, usually predeter-mined, framework for action. In the case of the special needs students, it can be seen that the teaching staff, the rehabilitation consultants from the employment agency and the parents have a major influence on the career choice of the special needs students. Existing support options, such as supported employment, etc. were not discussed by the students. Furthermore, the sometimes close cooperation between the schools and the sheltered workshop for people with disabilities could be shown, as well as a lack of long-term support from independent careers advisers.
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  • 81
    ISBN: 9789462656079
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 507 Seiten)
    Series Statement: International Criminal Justice Series volume 33
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Block, Johannes Reconciling responsibility with reality
    RVK:
    Keywords: International criminal law. ; International law. ; Human rights. ; Private international law. ; Conflict of laws. ; Comparative law.
    Abstract: This book explores the issue of leadership criminality from a new angle by comparing two highly relevant modes of responsibility. By contrasting individual criminal responsibility for ordering international crimes with indirect perpetration through an organisation, it shows the doctrinal weaknesses of the latter and outlines the much-overlooked advantages of the former. The volume analyses the development of both forms of responsibility, looking at their origins, and their reception in academia and practical use in jurisprudence. The history of indirect perpetration through an organisation (Organisationsherrschaft) is portrayed from its German academic origin, through German jurisprudence to the reception of the doctrine at the International Criminal Court. By comparing the doctrine’s stages of evolution, the book sheds light on the different aspects of the various models of indirect perpetration through an organisation and carves out general and fundamental criticism of it. The characteristics of ordering liability are explored in depth through an analysis of jurisprudence of the Nuremberg subsequent trials, the ad hoc tribunals and the International Criminal Court. This historic and doctrinal comparison reveals a well-defined and to-date much neglected mode of responsibility with enormous potential for the adjudication of leadership figures in the ambit of international criminal law and only one conclusion can follow from this analysis: it calls for practitioners and academics to leave the well-trodden paths of national criminal law doctrine and embrace truly international modes of liability such as the ordering of a crime. This volume in the ICJ series provides practitioners, researchers and students with a detailed account of forms of leadership liability and an innovative approach to the topic’s most discussed issue. Dr. Johannes Block is a criminal lawyer specializing in international criminal law, responsibility of leadership figures, questions of perpetration and participation in crime as well as the national-socialists’ crimes. He studied in Münster, Germany and Bogotá, Colombia and obtained his Dr. iur. from the University of Cologne, where he also worked and taught as a research assistant for several years. His legal clerkship led him to organized crime investigations, criminal defence, the European Commission and the German Federal Ministry of Justice.
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  • 82
    ISBN: 9780192866585
    Language: English
    Pages: xiv, 245 Seiten
    Edition: First edition
    Series Statement: The history and theory of international law
    DDC: 320.150954
    Keywords: Sovereignty History 18th century ; Sovereignty History 19th century ; Sovereignty History 20th century ; Princes History ; India Politics and government 1765-1947 ; Sovereignty ; Sovereignty ; International law ; General & world history ; Geschichte allgemein und Weltgeschichte ; HISTORY / World ; International law of territory & statehood ; Internationales Öffentliches Recht: Territorium und Staatlichkeit ; Internationales Öffentliches Recht: Verantwortlichkeit von Staaten und Körperschaften ; LAW / International ; LAW / Legal History ; LAW / Public ; Law & society ; Legal history ; Recht und Gesellschaft, Rechtssoziologie ; Rechtsgeschichte ; Responsibility of states & other entities ; SOCIAL SCIENCE / Sociology / General ; India Politics and government 1765-1947 ; Indian sub-continent ; Indischer Subkontinent ; Südasien ; Souveränität ; Geschichte 1765-1947
    Abstract: Sovereignty, International Law, and the Princely States of Colonial South Asia examines the role the doctrine of sovereignty played in debates over the legal status of the princely states of colonial South Asia, illustrating how different interpretations have shaped current understandings of international law and the modern Indian nation-state
    Abstract: Sovereignty, International Law, and the Princely States of Colonial South Asia examines the role the doctrine of sovereignty played in debates over the legal status of the princely states of colonial South Asia, illustrating how different interpretations have shaped current understandings of international law and the modern Indian nation-state.This book examines the relationship between colonialism and international law by focusing on debates surrounding the legal status of the 'princely states' of colonial South Asia. The princely states were ruled by indigenous rulers and were not considered to be British territory. Instead, they remained subject to British influence exercised through political officers, resulting in enduring controversies over whether they were 'sovereign states'. This book traces how the language of sovereignty became the discourse for debating the legal status of the princely states and, in this way, mediated the exercise of political power in colonial South Asia. Focusing on the period between the mid-eighteenth and mid-twentieth centuries, it examines how international lawyers, British politicians, colonial officials, rulers and bureaucrats of princely states, and anticolonial nationalists continually redefined the concept of sovereignty. Assertions of sovereignty enabled these players to rely on the vocabulary of international law to resolve questions of legal status, the extent of rights, and the proper exercise of powers, and to construct a political order that was in line with their interests and aspirations. By invoking the vernacular of sovereignty in contrasting ways to support their differing visions of world order, these actors also attempted to reconfigure the boundaries among the spheres of the national, the imperial, and the international. Exploring the disputes and debates over the princely states is, therefore, key to understanding the history of sovereignty, the construction of the modern Indian nation-state, and the scope and stakes of international law itself.
    Abstract: "What constitutes a sovereign state in the international legal sphere? This question has been central to international law for centuries. Sovereignty, International Law, and the Princely States of Colonial South Asia provides a compelling exploration of the history of sovereignty through an analysis of the jurisdictional politics involving a specific set of historical legal entities. Governed by local rulers, the princely states of colonial South Asia were subject to British paramountcy whilst remaining legally distinct from directly ruled British India. Their legal status and the extent of their rights remained the subject of feverish debates through the entirety of British colonial rule. This book traces the ways in which the language of sovereignty shaped the discourse surrounding the legal status of the princely states to illustrate how the doctrine of sovereignty came to structure political imagination in colonial South Asia and the framework of the modern Indian state. Opening with a survey of the place of the princely states in the colonial structures of South Asia, Sovereignty, International Law, and the Princely States of Colonial South Asia goes on to illustrate how international lawyers, British politicians, colonial officials, rulers and bureaucrats of princely states, and anti-colonial nationalists in British India used definitions of sovereignty to construct political orders in line with their interests and aspirations. By invoking the vernacular of sovereignty in contrasting ways to support their differing visions of imperial and world order, these actors also attempted to reconfigure the boundaries among the spheres of the national, the imperial, and the international. Throughout the eighteenth, nineteenth, and early twentieth centuries, debates and disputes over the princely states continually defined and redefined the concept of sovereignty and international legitimacy in South Asia. Using rich material from the colonial archives,Sovereignty, International Law, and the Princely States of Colonial South Asia conveys an understanding of the history of sovereignty and the construction of the modern Indian nation-state that is still relevant today. A riveting read, this book will be of considerable interest and importance to scholars of international law and South Asia, legal historians, and political scientists."--
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9780192872104
    Language: English
    Pages: xxviii, 283 Seiten , Illustrationen , 24 cm
    Edition: First edition
    Series Statement: Cultural heritage law and policy
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Gerstenblith, Patty Cultural objects and reparative justice
    DDC: 344.094
    Keywords: Cultural property Repatriation ; Reparations for historical injustices ; Colonialism & imperialism ; HISTORY / Social History ; International relations ; Internationale Beziehungen ; Internationales Öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht ; Internationales Öffentliches Recht: Verantwortlichkeit von Staaten und Körperschaften ; Kolonialismus und Imperialismus ; LAW / International ; LAW / Public ; POL045000 ; POLITICAL SCIENCE / International Relations / General ; Public international law ; Responsibility of states & other entities ; Social & cultural history ; Sozial- und Kulturgeschichte ; Völkerrecht ; Kolonialismus ; Kulturgut ; Wiedergutmachung
    Abstract: Cultural Objects and Reparative Justice provides a comprehensive legal and historical analysis surrounding the question of where cultural objects removed without consent should be located. Following an interdisciplinary approach based in law, history, art history, anthropology, and archaeology, this book proposes a paradigm for reparations
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  • 84
    ISBN: 9780191943485
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Oxford handbooks online
    DDC: 304.27
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780197519042
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxxii, 1161 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Oxford handbooks online
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The Oxford handbook of sport and society
    DDC: 306.483
    RVK:
    Keywords: Sports Sociological aspects ; Sports and globalization ; Mass media and sports ; Sports Environmental aspects ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Sport ; Gesellschaft
    Abstract: 'The Oxford Handbook of Sport and Society' is the premier comprehensive and interdisciplinary work for readers looking to understand key areas of inquiry about the role and impacts of sport in contemporary culture. Through 57 chapter treatments from leading international scholars on sport's impact on key aspects of our lives, the Handbook is essential reading for any reader trying to understand the outsized ways in which sport has become 'more than a game.'
    Note: Literaturangaben. - Index
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9780191795398
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (cii, 1307 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Karten
    Series Statement: Oxford handbooks online
    Series Statement: Linguistics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The Oxford handbook of Ethiopian languages
    DDC: 492.8
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ethiopian languages ; Ethiopian languages ; Language ; Language teaching & learning ; Ethiopian languages ; Essays ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: This handbook provides a comprehensive account of the languages spoken in Ethiopia, exploring their structures and their function and use in society. It offers overviews of individual languages, many of them less documented, as well as detailed studies of specific aspects of language use in Ethiopia.
    Abstract: "Ethiopia - a country in the Horn of Africa - hosts about 100 million people speaking more than eighty languages belonging to the Cushitic, Omotic, Nilo-Saharan, and Semitic languages families (CSA 2013: 28; Meyer & Richter 2003: 23-29; Eberhard, Simons & Fennig 2019). Speakers of these languages have been in contact for a long time resulting in widespread bi- and multilingualism and in the creation of regional and national lingua francas. Eventually, this situation yielded the Ethiopian Linguistic Area whose features are still open for ongoing discussion (see Crass & Meyer 2008). In 1991, the Ethiopian government established a policy promoting the use of all Ethiopian languages in primary education and local administration. Since then, research on Ethiopian languages has experienced an unprecedented expansion and has become a major field of study for the new generation of Ethiopian linguists (see Bulakh et al. 2019: 98-106). Despite the remarkable amount of research on individual Ethiopian languages, language groups and sociolinguistic topics over the last few decades, the most frequently cited general reference works on Ethiopian languages and linguistics still remain Bender et al. (1976a) and Bender (1976a), which obviously no longer represent the state of the art. These two works have remained easily available in Ethiopia and beyond over the last forty years, and are written in a very accessible descriptive-linguistic style so they are also frequently used by students of Ethiopian linguistics. Moreover, they combine information on sociolinguistic, historical linguistic, and applied linguistic issues with basic linguistic descriptions of Ethiopian languages. More recent handbooks, such as Kaye (1997; 2007), Hetzron (1997) or its second edition by Huehnergard & Pat-El (2019), and Weninger (2011a), focus only on Semitic languages, and thus lack information on the other language families found in Ethiopia. The Encyclopedia Aethiopica (Uhlig & Bausi 2003-2014) - the most up-to-date general reference work on Ethiopia - also contains information on Ethiopian languages but usually only in the form of very brief, fairly standardized entries that provide basic information on the phonology, morphology and syntax. Handbooks on African languages like Heine et al. (1981), Heine & Nurse (2000; 2008), Güldemann (2018), and Wolff (2019) also deal with various Ethiopian languages but do not provide a comprehensive description of them and their subgroups. Edzard (2012) and Frajzyngier & Shay (2012) deal with genetic and typological aspects of Afroasiatic and its major groups; Edzard (2012) also contains short grammatical descriptions of a very few languages. However, the language descriptions are very selective, and information on sociolinguistic issues is inadequate"--
    Note: Also issued in print: 2023. - Includes bibliographical references and index. - Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (viewed on May 23, 2023)
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  • 87
    ISBN: 9780191955815
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 423 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Oxford scholarship online
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Imagining AI
    DDC: 303.4834
    Keywords: Artificial intelligence Social aspects ; Artificial intelligence in popular culture ; Artificial intelligence in literature ; Artificial intelligence in art ; Computers and IT ; Sociology & anthropology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Künstliche Intelligenz ; Neue Technologie ; Konzeption ; Idee ; Narrativ ; Kulturelles System ; Informationsethik
    Abstract: "Imagining AI: How the World Sees Intelligent Machines is the first volume showcasing research into how different cultures around the globe envision life with artificial intelligence. AI is now a global phenomenon. Yet Hollywood narratives dominate perceptions of AI in the English-speaking West and beyond, and much of the technology itself is shaped by a disproportionately white, male, US-based elite. However, different cultures have been imagining intelligent machines since long before we could build them, in visions that vary greatly across religious, philosophical, literary and cinematic traditions. This book aims to spotlight these alternative visions. Imagining AI draws attention to the range and variety of visions of a future with intelligent machines and their potential significance for the research, regulation and implementation of AI. The book is structured geographically, with each chapter presenting insights into how a specific region or culture imagines intelligent machines. The contributors, leading experts from academia and the arts, explore how the encounters between local narratives, digital technologies, and mainstream Western narratives create new imaginaries and insights in different contexts across the globe. The narratives they analyse range from ancient philosophy to contemporary science fiction, and visual art to policy discourse. The book sheds new light on some of the most important themes in AI ethics, from the differences between Chinese and American visions of AI, to digital neo-colonialism. It is an essential work for anyone wishing to understand how different cultural contexts interplay with the most significant technology of our time"--
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  • 88
    ISBN: 9780192867087
    Language: English
    Pages: xvi, 217 Seiten , 24 cm
    Edition: First edition
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Jovanović, Marija, 1982 - State responsibility for "modern slavery" in human rights law
    DDC: 341.48
    RVK:
    Keywords: European Court of Human Rights ; Human rights ; Human trafficking (International law) ; Government liability (International law) ; Menschenhandel ; Sklaverei ; Verbrechen ; Menschenrecht ; Schutz ; Internationales Strafrecht ; Völkerrecht ; Verantwortung ; Haftung ; Internationales Recht ; Rechtsanwendung
    Abstract: What is 'modern slavery' and who is responsible for it? What is the relevance of human rights law, which primarily regulates state conduct, for practices predominantly committed by private actors? Where can victims seek justice and redress when national authorities fail to protect them? These questions are the core focus of this book.Marija Jovanovich analyses the role and responsibility of states for addressing 'modern slavery' – a diverse set of practices usually perpetrated by non-state actors – against the backdrop of international human rights law. It explores the dynamic between criminal law and human rights law and reveals the different ways these legal domains work to secure justice for victims. The book considers the 'absolute' nature of the prohibition of modern slavery in human rights law, the range of practices covered by this umbrella term and their mutual relationships, the positive obligations of states established by international human rights tribunals owed to individuals subject to modern slavery, and the standards for assessing state responsibility in these situations. By engaging with the concept of exploitation in human rights law, Jovanovich glues together diverse practices of modern slavery, including servitude, forced labour, and human trafficking, into a coherent concept. The book elucidates the theoretical foundations of this fundamental human right and explains why human trafficking has an independent place within it. In addition to providing a comprehensive critique of the existing human rights jurisprudence, this book offers a roadmap for the future development of law on this subject emphasizing the limits of human rights law as a tool for addressing modern slavery.
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 199-211, Register , Human trafficking and human rights law , On the legal nature of human trafficking , A right not to be trafficked? , The notion of exploitation - theoretical foundations of the human rights prohibition of 'modern slavery' , State responsibility for 'modern slavery' in human rights law , Positive obligations as a means of establishing state responsibility for 'modern slavery' in human rights law , Human rights obligations of states to address 'modern slavery' , The role of specialised anti-trafficking instruments in shaping human rights obligations of states to address 'modern slavery'
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  • 89
    ISBN: 9780192863720
    Language: English
    Pages: viii, 241 Seiten
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Psomiades, Kathy Alexis, 1963 - Primitive Marriage
    DDC: 820.9/353809034
    Keywords: Geschichte 1837-1901 ; Marriage in literature ; English fiction -- 19th century -- History and criticism ; Anthropology in literature ; Literature and anthropology -- England -- History -- 19th century ; Marriage customs and rites in literature ; Ehe ; Literatur ; Geschlechterrolle ; Literaturwissenschaft ; Roman ; Sexualverhalten
    Abstract: Marriage is the novel's traditional subject matter. But what happens to the novel when another genre of writing lays claim to the novel's traditional material? Primitive Marriage: Victorian Anthropology, the Novel, and Sexual Modernity shows how the foundational ideas of the new discipline of anthropology gave late-Victorian novelists and social scientists ways of rethinking heterosexual romance by referring to a new kind of history, one in which marriage systems, sexual behavior, and reproductive practices were temporalized and given historical agency. Temporalizing sexual relations, locating them in evolutionary and historical time, anthropologists and the novelists who wrote after them began to think modernity in sexual terms. This transformation of politics into sexual politics put sexuality and gender at the center of liberal stories of progress. The Victorian theorists responsible for this transformation--from well-known figures like Charles Darwin and Sigmund Freud to lesser-known writers like John McLennan and Henry Maine--and the novelists who engaged them--Anthony Trollope, George Eliot, Henry James, Sarah Grand, H. Rider Haggard, Thomas Hardy--not only helped produce sexually modern subjects, but also the theories about sexuality, time, and politics that we still draw upon to think modernity today.
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780190870393 , 9780190870379 , 9780190870386
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Oxford handbooks online
    DDC: 303.484098
    Keywords: Latin America Social conditions ; Sociology
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  • 91
    ISBN: 9780192871688
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (13 p.)
    Keywords: Ethical issues & debates
    Abstract: At the time of writing, the world remains in the grip of the COVID-19 pandemic. Approximately 14.9 million people have died and every country in the world has been affected affectedaffectedaffectedaffected directly or indirectly (WHO 2022a). This, This,together with recent experiences of Ebola and Zika, has led to calls for the development and implementation of international strategies for pandemic preparedness, response, and prevention
    Note: English
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  • 92
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (337 p.)
    Series Statement: WIDER Studies in Development Economics
    Keywords: Development economics & emerging economies ; Employment & unemployment ; Economic growth
    Abstract: This book provides a unique, comparative assessment on how the nature of work is changing in 11 major developing countries, and the role that these changes play in shaping earnings inequality in these societies. It provides a nuanced and context-sensitive developing-country perspective with an in-depth assessment of national trends in earnings inequality, which are assessed against changes in the supply of higher skilled workers and education premia, on the one hand, and changes in the occupational structure and the remuneration of tasks, on the other, while being mindful of broader macroeconomic trends and institutional developments. We start showing that the common assumption that occupations are identical around the world tends to lead to an overestimation of the non-routine task content of jobs in developing and emerging economies. Then, we use country-specific measures of routine-task intensity, along with the standard O*NET measures, and other innovative ways to push the boundaries of existing research and make the most of the limited information that is available in each of the countries under study. We show that the large changes in the composition of workers by education and job routine-task intensity, which developing countries exhibited in the 2000s and 2010s, generally contributed to higher inequality, ceteris paribus. We also find evidence of job polarization or widening of earnings inequality driven by the evolution of routine intensity of jobs in several cases. However, changes in the education premium, along institutional factors, seem to explain inequality trends to a larger extent
    Note: English
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (232 p.)
    Keywords: applied ethics, surveillance, emergency ethics, pandemics, public health ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy::QDT Topics in philosophy::QDTQ Ethics and moral philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy::QDT Topics in philosophy::QDTS Social and political philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health and preventive medicine
    Abstract: The Covid-19 pandemic is arguably the first international emergency of the twenty-first century. In order to respond to this emergency, countries and governments around the world were forced to engage in a range of actions and policies that would not otherwise have been permitted. Looking in particular at the use of surveillance technologies, this book examines the challenge of ethics in emergencies. What can states do to keep their populations safe, what can citizens expect of their governments, and when are those government actions unjustified? By looking at the use of surveillance in times of emergency, this book explores ethical, philosophical, political, and social concepts, challenges them, and offers a set of views on where those concepts may evolve into the future. As a global population, we will be faced with emergencies, and it is possible that these will also be global in their impact. The ethics of surveillance in times of emergency is both of its time, and ongoing; we must learn our lessons from the last emergency, to be prepared for the next ones
    Note: English
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  • 94
    ISBN: 9780192899002
    Language: English
    Pages: xviii, 386 Seiten , 24 cm
    Edition: First edition
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Aliverti, Ana Decolonizing the Criminal Question
    DDC: 345.124
    Keywords: Criminal law History ; Colonization ; Developing countries Colonization ; Kolonialismus ; Imperialismus ; Nationalismus ; Globalisierung ; Marginalität ; Rassismus ; Strafjustiz
    Abstract: Within the discipline of criminology and criminal justice, relatively little attention has been paid to the relationship between criminal law, punishment, and imperialism, or the contours and exercise of penal power in the Global South. Decolonizing the Criminal Question is the first work of its kind to comprehensively place colonialism and its legacies at the heart of criminological enquiry. By examining the reverberations of colonial history and logics in the operation of penal power, this volume explores the uneasy relationship between criminal justice and colonialism, bringing relevance of these legacies in criminological enquiries to the forefront of the discussion. It invites and pursues a better understanding of the links between imperialism and colonialism on the one hand, and nationalism and globalization on the other, by exposing the imprints of these links on processes of marginalization, racialization, and exclusion that are central to contemporary criminal justice practices. Covering a range of jurisdictions and themes, Decolonizing the Criminal Question details how colonial and imperial domination relied on the internalization of hierarchies and identities — for example, racial, geographical, and geopolitical — of both the colonized and the colonizer, and shaped their subjectivity through imageries, discourses, and technologies. Offering innovative, conceptual, and methodological approaches to the study of the criminal question, this work is an essential read for scholars not only focused on criminology and criminal justice, but also for scholars in law, anthropology, sociology, politics, history, and a range of other disciplines in the humanities and social sciences.
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  • 95
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Pockets of effectiveness and the politics of state-building and development in Africa
    RVK:
    Keywords: Politik ; Öffentliche Verwaltung ; Bürokratie ; Erfolgsfaktor ; Nationenbildung ; Entwicklung ; Ghana ; Kenia ; Ruanda ; Sambia ; Uganda ; Nationenbildung ; Staat ; Funktion ; Fähigkeit ; Sozioökonomischer Wandel ; Politischer Wandel ; Effektivität ; Beispiel ; Development studies ; Political economy ; Public administration ; Africa ; Afrika ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Fallstudiensammlung
    Abstract: Why do certain parts of the state in Africa work so effectively despite operating in difficult governance contexts? How do 'pockets of bureaucratic effectiveness' emerge and become sustained over time? And what does this tell us about the prospects for state-building and development in Africa? Repeated economic and social crises have demanded that development thinkers and policy actors have had to engage with the critical role that states play in delivering development. Pockets of Effectiveness and the Politics of State-building and Development in Africa shows that politics is the driving factor that shapes how well state agencies perform their roles. It deploys a new conceptual framework – the power domains approach – to explore the shifting fortunes of key state agencies in five countries – Ghana, Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda, and Zambia – over the past three decades. Our original research reveals when, how and why political rulers decide to build effective state agencies and enable them to deliver certain forms of economic development – often through forming strategic coalitions with senior bureaucrats and with international support – and also when this support falters and gives way to a politics of survival. Comparative analysis identifies two potential trajectories towards state-building in Africa, each shaped by different configurations of social and political power. The book critiques the role that international development agencies have played in (mis)shaping the state in Africa and suggests a new strategic agenda for building the state capacities required to deliver sustained development at the current juncture. The book closes with critical commentaries from two leading scholars in the field, to help place our work in context and establish the next steps for research and strategy in this increasingly important area of development theory and practice
    Note: English
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  • 96
    ISBN: 9780192887085
    Language: English
    Pages: xxi, 200 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten , 22 cm
    Edition: First edition
    DDC: 341.42
    Keywords: India Boundaries 19th century ; History ; Law Colonies 19th century ; History ; Indien Nordost ; Kolonialismus ; Grenze ; Geschichte 1800-1899
    Abstract: "The book is a study of the travels of colonial law into the North-East frontier of the British Empire in India. Focusing on the nineteenth century, it examines the relationship of law and space, and indigenous place-making. Inhabitants of the frontier hills examined in this book were not defined as British subjects, yet they were incorporated within the colonial legal framework. The work examines the nature of this legal limbo that produced both the hills and their inhabitants as interruptions but equally as integral to the imperial project. Through a study of place-making by indigenous inhabitants of the frontier, it further demonstrates the heterogeneous narratives of self and belonging found in sites of orality and kinship that shape the hills in the present day."--Back cover.
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780199666461
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (300 p.)
    Keywords: Mathematical physics ; Relativity physics
    Abstract: This book presents basic General Relativity and provides a basis for understanding and using the fundamental theory. General Relativity is a beautiful geometric theory, simple in its mathematical formulation. It leads to numerous consequences with striking physical interpretations: gravitational waves, black holes, cosmological models, and so on. The first part of the book outlines the fundamentals of the subject. Chapters in this part look at Riemannian and Lorentzian geometry, Special and General Relativity, the Einstein equations, the Schwarzschild spacetime, black holes, and cosmology. The second part presents a number of more advanced topics such as general Einstein spacetimes, the Cauchy problem, relativistic fluids, and Relativistic Kinetic Theory
    Note: English
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (378 p.)
    Keywords: Ancient history ; Social and cultural history ; Sociolinguistics ; army, economy, education, law, Latinization, mobility, religion, Roman western provinces, sociolinguistics, status, urbanism
    Abstract: Latinization is a strangely overlooked topic. Historians have noted it has been ‘taken for granted’ and viewed as an unremarkable by-product of ‘Romanization’, despite its central importance for understanding the Roman provincial world, its life and languages. This volume aims to fill the gap in our scholarship, along with its sister volumes, Latinization, Local Languages and Literacies in the Roman West and Languages and Communities in the Late-Roman and Post-Imperial Western Provinces, all outputs of the European Research Council-funded LatinNow project. Experts have been selected to create a multidisciplinary volume with a thematic approach to the vast subject, tackling administration, army, economy, law, mobility, religion (local and imperial religions and Christianity), social status, and urbanism. They situate the phenomena of Latinization, literacy, bi-, and multilingualism within local and broader social developments and draw together materials and arguments that have not before been coordinated in a single volume. The result is a comprehensive guide to the theme, which also offers original and more experimental work. The sociolinguistic, historical, and archaeological contributions reinforce, expand, and sometimes challenge our vision of Latinization and lay the foundations for future explorations
    Note: English
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (321 p.)
    Keywords: Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy: aesthetics ; Perception ; Philosophy ; Cognition & cognitive psychology ; Neurosciences ; mental imagery, imagination, perception, philosophy, psychology, neuroscience
    Abstract: This book is about mental imagery and the important work it does in our mental life. It plays a crucial role in the vast majority of our perceptual episodes. It also helps us understand many of the most puzzling features of perception (like the way it is influenced in a top-down manner and the way different sense modalities interact). But mental imagery also plays a very important role in emotions, action execution, and even in our desires. In sum, there are very few mental phenomena that mental imagery doesn’t show up in—in some way or other. The hope is that if we understand what mental imagery is, how it works and how it is related to other mental phenomena, we can make real progress on a number of important questions about the mind. This book aims at an interdisciplinary audience. As it aims to combine philosophy, psychology, and neuroscience to understand mental imagery, I have not presupposed any prior knowledge in any of these disciplines. As a result, readers with no background in any of these disciplines can also follow the arguments
    Note: English
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780191995651 , 9780198890010
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 132 Seiten)
    Series Statement: British Academy monographs
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 304.23
    RVK:
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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