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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns (2017)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (65 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Kerr, William R Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns
    Abstract: Migration and trade are often linked through ethnic networks boosting bilateral trade. This study uses migration to quantify the importance of Ricardian technology differences for international trade. The framework provides the first panel estimates connecting country-industry productivity and exports, and the study exploits heterogeneous technology diffusion from immigrant communities in the United States for identification. The latter instruments are developed by combining panel variation on the development of new technologies across US cities with historical settlement patterns for migrants from countries. The instrumented elasticity of export growth on the intensive margin with respect to the exporter's productivity growth is between 1.6 and 2.4, depending upon weighting. This provides an important contribution to the trade literature of Ricardian advantages, and it establishes a connection of migration to home country exports beyond bilateral networks
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8027
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Book
    Book
    High-skilled migration to the United States and its economic consequences (2018)
    Chicago : The University of Chicago Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780226525525
    Language: English
    Pages: viii, 247 Seiten , Illustrationen , 24 cm
    Series Statement: National Bureau of Economic Research conference report
    DDC: 331.6/20973
    RVK:
    QV 200
    RVK:
    QG 620
    RVK:
    QU 400
    Keywords: Einwanderung ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Hochqualifizierte Arbeitskräfte ; Wirkungsanalyse ; USA ; Foreign workers ; Skilled labor Economic aspects ; United States Emigration and immigration ; Economic aspects ; Sammelwerk ; USA ; Einwanderung ; Hochqualifizierter Beruf ; Fachkraft
    Abstract: Introduction / Gordon H. Hanson, William R. Kerr, and Sarah Turner -- High-skilled immigration and the comparative advantage of foreign-born workers across U.S.occupations / Gordon H. Hanson and Chen Liu -- The innovation activities of multinational enterprises and the demand for skilled worker, non-immigrant visas / Stephen Ross Yeaple -- Digital labor markets and global talent flows / John Horton, William R. Kerr, and Christopher Stanton -- Understanding the economic impact of the H-1b program on the U.S. / John Bound, Gaurav Khanna, and Nicolas Morales -- High-skilled immigration, stem employment, and non-routine-biased technical change / Nir Jaimovich and Henry E. Siu -- Firm dynamics and immigration: the case of high-skilled immigration / Michael E. Waugh
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Enthält 6 Beiträge
    DOI: 10.7208/9780226525662.001.0001
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    BSZ
    GBV
    KOBV
  • 3
    Article
    Article
    International migration and US innovation : Insights from the US experience (2016)
    In:  Routledge handbook of immigration and refugee studies 2016, S. 82-87
    Details
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Routledge handbook of immigration and refugee studies
    Angaben zur Quelle: 2016, S. 82-87
    Note: William R. Kerr
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    Article
    Frobenius-Institut
  • 4
    Book
    Book
    The gift of global talent : how migration shapes business, economy & society (2019)
    Stanford, California : Stanford Business Books, an imprint of Stanford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9781503605022
    Language: English
    Pages: xiv, 237 Seiten , Illustrationen
    DDC: 331.6/20973
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Brain Drain ; Migrationspolitik ; USA ; Foreign workers ; Skilled labor ; Emigration and immigration Economic aspects ; Foreign workers United States ; Skilled labor United States ; Emigration and immigration Economic aspects ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Brain Drain ; Migrationspolitik ; USA ; Emigration and immigration ; Foreign workers ; Skilled labor ; United States ; United States Emigration and immigration ; Government policy ; United States Emigration and immigration ; Economic aspects ; United States Emigration and immigration ; Government policy ; United States Emigration and immigration ; Economic aspects ; USA ; Talentmanagement ; Einwanderung
    Abstract: Introduction : why global talent matters to you -- Talent on the move -- The economics of talent clusters -- Innovation in the United States -- Points versus firms -- The education pathway -- Talent clusters to rule them all -- The new HR challenge -- Global diffusion remade -- Revenge of the nerds -- Conclusions : fragile U.S. leadership
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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    BSZ
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    KOBV
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Exceptional Persistence of India's Unorganized Sector (2013)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (37 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Ghani, Ejaz The Exceptional Persistence of India's Unorganized Sector
    Abstract: The transformation of India's unorganized sector is important to its modernization, growth, and attainment of regional economic equality. This paper documents several key facts about India's unorganized sector in manufacturing and services. First, the unorganized sector is large, accounting for more than 99 percent of establishments and 80 percent of employment in manufacturing. Second, the unorganized sector is stubbornly persistent-it accounted for 81 percent of manufacturing employment in 1989 and 2005. Third, this persistence is not due to particular subsets of industries or states, as most industries and states show limited change in unorganized sector employment shares. Fourth, the degree to which localized unorganized activity exists is important as it is associated with weaker production functions for manufacturing firms. Building from these facts, the paper investigates conditions promoting transformation by state-industry. Decomposition exercises find that both within and between adjustments for state-industries weakly reduce unorganized sector shares. The aggregate persistence instead comes from the covariance term, where fast-growing state-industries witness rising unorganized sector activity. Regressions quantify that growth in the organized sector by state-industry reduces the unorganized sector employment share, but only marginally reduces employment levels in unorganized activity. Analysis of the establishment size distribution highlights that entrepreneurship and larger organized sector plants are most important for transitions in the manufacturing sector, while small establishments play a key role in the services sector
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6454
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Female Business Ownership and Informal Sector Persistence (2013)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (36 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Ghani, Ejaz Female Business Ownership and Informal Sector Persistence
    Abstract: The informal sector in India has been exceptionally persistent over the past two decades. Is this a bad thing? Not necessarily. This paper shows that a substantial share of the persistence in India's unorganized manufacturing sector is due to the rapid increase in female-owned businesses. Had women's participation remained in the proportion to male-owned businesses that was evident in 1994, the unorganized manufacturing sector would have declined in share rather than increased. Most of these new female-owned businesses are opened in the household and at a small scale, about a third of the size of a typical male-owned business in the informal sector. Yet, it appears that these businesses offer economic opportunities not otherwise present and a transition for some women from unpaid domestic work
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6612
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Diasporas and Outsourcing : Evidence from oDesk and India (2013)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (44 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Ghani, Ejaz Diasporas and Outsourcing
    Abstract: This paper examines the role of the Indian diaspora in the outsourcing of work to India. The data are taken from oDesk, the world's largest online platform for outsourced contracts. Despite oDesk minimizing many of the frictions that diaspora connections have traditionally overcome, diaspora connections still matter on oDesk, with ethnic Indians substantially more likely to choose a worker in India. This higher placement is the result of a greater likelihood of choosing India for the initial contract, due in large part to taste-based preferences, and substantial path dependence in location choices. The paper further examines wage and performance outcomes of outsourcing as a function of ethnic connections
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6403
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Golden Quadrilateral Highway Project and Urban/Rural Manufacturing in India (2013)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (38 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Parallel Title: Ghani, Ejaz The Golden Quadrilateral Highway Project and Urban/Rural Manufacturing in India
    Abstract: This study investigates the impact of the Golden Quadrilateral highway project on the urban and rural growth of Indian manufacturing. The Golden Quadrilateral project upgraded the quality and width of 5,846 km of roads in India. The study uses a difference-in-difference estimation strategy to compare non-nodal districts based on their distance from the highway system. For the organized portion of the manufacturing sector, the Golden Quadrilateral project led to improvements in both urban and rural areas of non-nodal districts located 0-10 km from the Golden Quadrilateral. These higher entry rates and increases in plant productivity are not present in districts 10-50 km away. The entry effects are stronger in rural areas of districts, but the differences between urban and rural areas are modest relative to the overall effect. The productivity consequences are similar in both locations. The most important difference appears to be the greater activation of urban areas near the nodal cities and rural areas in remote locations along the Golden Quadrilateral network. For the unorganized sector, no material effects are found from the Golden Quadrilateral upgrades in either setting. These findings suggest that in the time frames that we can consider-the first five to seven years during and after upgrades-the economic effects of major highway projects contribute modestly to the migration of the organized sector out of Indian cities, but are unrelated to the increased urbanization of the unorganized sector
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6620
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Spatial Development and Agglomeration Economies in Services-Lessons from India (2016)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (88 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ghani, Ejaz Spatial Development and Agglomeration Economies in Services-Lessons from India
    Abstract: Although many studies consider the spatial pattern of manufacturing plants in developing countries, the role of services as a driver of urbanization and structural transformation is still not well understood. Using establishment level data from India, this paper helps narrow this gap by comparing and contrasting the spatial development of services with that in manufacturing. The study during the 2001-2010 period suggests that (i) services are more urbanized than manufacturing and are moving toward the urban and, by contrast, the organized manufacturing sector is moving away from urban cores to the rural periphery; (ii) manufacturing and services activities are highly correlated in spatial terms and exhibit a high degree of concentration in just a few states and industries; (iii) manufacturing in urban districts has a stronger tendency to locate closer to larger cities relative to services activity; (iv) infrastructure has a significant effect on manufacturing output, while human capital matters more for services activity; and lastly, (v) technology penetration, measured by the penetration of the Internet, is more strongly associated with services than manufacturing. Similar results hold when growth in activity is measured over the study period rather than levels. Manufacturing and services do not appear to crowd each other out of local areas
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7741
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Infrastructure and finance : evidence from India's GQ highway network (2019)
    Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment Global Practice
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8885
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Das, Abhiman Infrastructure and Finance: Evidence from India's GQ Highway Network
    Keywords: Autobahn ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Infrastrukturinvestition ; Infrastrukturfinanzierung ; Finanzmarkt ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Indien ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper uses the construction of India's Golden Quadrangle central highway network, together with comprehensive loan data from the Reserve Bank of India, to investigate the interaction between infrastructure development and financial sector depth. The paper identifies a disproportionate increase in loan count and average loan size in districts along the Golden Quadrangle highway network, using stringent specifications with industry and district fixed effects. The results hold in straight-line instrumental variable frameworks and are not present in placebo tests with another highway that was planned to be upgraded at the same time as Golden Quadrangle but subsequently delayed. Importantly, however, the results are concentrated in districts with stronger initial financial development, suggesting that although financing responds to large infrastructure investments and helps spur real economic outcomes, initial financial sector development might play an important role in determining where real activity will grow
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8885
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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