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  • 1
    Article
    Article
    Development through seasonal worker programs : the case of New Zealand's RSE program (2014)
    In:  International handbook on migration and economic development (2014), Seite 186-210 | year:2014 | pages:186-210
    Details
    ISBN: 1782548068
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: International handbook on migration and economic development
    Publ. der Quelle: Cheltenham [u.a.] : Edward Elgar, 2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2014), Seite 186-210
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2014
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:186-210
    Keywords: Saisonarbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Asiatisch-pazifischer Raum ; Neuseeland ; Aufsatz im Buch
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Article
    MPI-MMG
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The effects of cash transfers on adult labor market outcomes (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Development Research Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8404
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Baird, Sarah The Effects of Cash Transfers on Adult Labor Market Outcomes
    Keywords: Öffentliche Sozialleistungen ; Arbeitsangebot ; Aktivierende Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Rücküberweisungen ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The basic economic model of labor supply has a very clear prediction of what should be expected when an adult receives an unexpected cash windfall: they should work less and earn less. This intuition underlies concerns that many types of cash transfers, ranging from government benefits to migrant remittances, will undermine work ethics and make recipients lazy. This paper discusses a range of additional channels to this simple labor-leisure trade-off that can make this intuition misleading in low- and middle-income countries, including missing markets, price effects from conditions attached to transfers, and dynamic and general equilibrium effects. The paper uses this as a lens through which to examine the evidence on the adult labor market impacts of a wide range of cash transfer programs: government transfers, charitable giving and humanitarian transfers, remittances, cash assistance for job search, cash transfers for business start-up, and bundled interventions. Overall, cash transfers that are made without an explicit employment focus (such as conditional and unconditional cash transfers and remittances) tend to result in little to no change in adult labor. The main exceptions are transfers to the elderly and some refugees, who reduce work. In contrast, transfers made for job search assistance or business start-up tend to increase adult labor supply and earnings, with the likely main channels being the alleviation of liquidity and risk constraints
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8404
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    How should the government bring small firms into the formal system? (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Africa Region & Development Research Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 53 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8601
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Campos, Francisco How Should the Government Bring Small Firms into the Formal System? Experimental Evidence from Malawi
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Developing country governments seek to reduce the pervasive informality of firms for multiple reasons: increasing the tax base, helping firms access formal markets and grow, increasing the rule of law, and as a means to obtain data that can be used for other government functions. However, there is debate as to the best approach for achieving these goals. This study conducted a randomized experiment in Malawi to test three alternatives: (a) assisting firms to obtain a business registration certificate that offers access to formal markets but imposes no tax obligations; (b) assisting firms to obtain business registration and tax registration; and (c) supplementing the assistance to obtain business registration with a bank information session intended to help firms utilize one of the key potential benefits of formalizing. The study finds incredibly high demand for obtaining a formal status that is separate from tax obligations, and very low take-up of tax registration. Business registration alone has no impact on access to formal markets or firm performance. However, coupling registration assistance with the bank information session increases the use of formal financial services, and results in increases in firm sales by 20 percent and profits by 15 percent. The results highlight the advantages of separating business and tax registration, but also the need to assist firms in benefiting from their new formal status
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8601
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Do management interventions last? : evidence from India (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Development Research Group, Finance and Private Sector Development Team
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8339
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Bloom, Nicholas Do Management Interventions Last? Evidence from India
    Keywords: Weberei ; Management ; Organisatorischer Wandel ; Produktivität ; Indien ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Beginning in 2008, the authors conducted a randomized controlled trial that changed management practices in a set of Indian weaving firms (Bloom and others 2013). In 2017 the plants were revisited and the authors found three main results. First, while about half of the management practices adopted in the original experimental plants had been dropped, there was still a large and significant gap in practices between the treatment and control plants. Likewise, there remained a significant performance gap between treatment and control plants, suggesting lasting impacts of effective management interventions. Second, while few management practices had demonstrably spread across the firms in the study, many had spread within firms, from the experimental plants to the non-experimental plants, suggesting limited spillovers between firms but large spillovers within firms. Third, managerial turnover and the lack of director time were two of the most cited reasons for the drop in management practices in experimental plants, highlighting the importance of key employees
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8339
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Can government intervention make firms more investment-ready? : a randomized experiment in the Western Balkans (2018)
    Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group, Development Economics, Development Research Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 73 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8541
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Cusolito, Ana Paula Can Government Intervention Make Firms More Investment-Ready? A Randomized Experiment in the Western Balkans
    Keywords: Gründungsförderung ; Investitionspolitik ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Unternehmensgründung ; Private Equity ; Risikokapital ; Südosteuropa ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Many innovative start-ups and small and medium-size enterprises have good ideas, but do not have these ideas fine-tuned to the stage where they can attract outside funding. Investment readiness programs attempt to help firms to become ready to attract and accept outside equity funding through a combination of training, mentoring, master classes, and networking. This study conducted a five-country randomized experiment in the Western Balkans that worked with 346 firms and delivered an investment readiness program to half of the firms, with the control group receiving an inexpensive online program instead. A pitch event was then held for these firms to pitch their ideas to independent judges. The investment readiness program resulted in a 0.3 standard deviation increase in the investment readiness score, with this increase occurring throughout the distribution. Two follow-up surveys show that the judges' scores predicted investment readiness and investment outcomes over the subsequent two years. Treated firms attained significantly more media attention and were 5 percentage points more likely to have made a deal with an outside investor, although this increase is not statistically significant (95 confidence interval of -4.7 to +14.7 percentage points)
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8541
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Remote-learning, time-use, and mental health of ecuadorian high-school students during the COVID-19 quarantine (2020)
    [Washington, DC, USA] : World Bank Group, Development Economics, Development Research Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 25 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 9252
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Asanov, Igor Remote-Learning, Time-Use, and Mental Health of Ecuadorian High-School Students during the COVID-19 Quarantine
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has closed schools around the world, forcing school systems and students to quickly attempt remote learning. A rapid response phone survey of over 1,500 high school students aged 14 to 18 in Ecuador was conducted to learn how students spend their time during the period of quarantine, examine their access to remote learning, and measure their mental health status. The data show that 59 percent of students have both an internet connection at home and a computer or tablet, 74 percent are engaging in some online or telelearning, and 86 percent have done some schoolwork on the last weekday. Detailed time-use data show most students have established similar daily routines around education, although gender and wealth differences emerge in time spent working and on household tasks. Closure of schools and social isolation are the two main problems students say they face, and while the majority are mostly happy, 16 percent have mental health scores that indicate depression
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9252
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Surveying Migrant Households : A Comparison of Census-Based, Snowball, And Intercept Point Surveys (2007)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (44 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: McKenzie, David J Surveying Migrant Households
    Keywords: Anthropology ; Benefits Of Migration ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Culture & Development ; Family Members ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Housing and Human Habitats ; International Migration ; Migrant ; Migrants ; Policy Research ; Policy Research Working Paper ; Population Policies ; Progress ; Remittances ; Return Migration ; Small Area Estimation Poverty Mapping ; Social Analysis ; Social Development ; Anthropology ; Benefits Of Migration ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Culture & Development ; Family Members ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Housing and Human Habitats ; International Migration ; Migrant ; Migrants ; Policy Research ; Policy Research Working Paper ; Population Policies ; Progress ; Remittances ; Return Migration ; Small Area Estimation Poverty Mapping ; Social Analysis ; Social Development ; Anthropology ; Benefits Of Migration ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Culture & Development ; Family Members ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Housing and Human Habitats ; International Migration ; Migrant ; Migrants ; Policy Research ; Policy Research Working Paper ; Population Policies ; Progress ; Remittances ; Return Migration ; Small Area Estimation Poverty Mapping ; Social Analysis ; Social Development
    Abstract: Few representative surveys of households of migrants exist, limiting the analysis of the effects of international migration on sending families. This paper reports the results of an experiment designed to compare the performance of three alternative survey methods in collecting data from Japanese-Brazilian families, many of whom send migrants to Japan. The three surveys conducted were 1) Households selected randomly from a door-to-door listing using the Brazilian Census to select census blocks; 2) A snowball survey using Nikkei community groups to select the seeds; and 3) An intercept point survey collected at Nikkei community gatherings, ethnic grocery stores, sports clubs, and other locations where family members of migrants are likely to congregate. The authors analyze how closely well-designed snowball and intercept point surveys can approach the much more expensive census-based method in terms of giving information on the characteristics of migrants, the level of remittances received, and the incidence and determinants of return migration
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Profile of The World's Young Developing Country Migrants (2006)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (31 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: McKenzie, David J A Profile of The World's Young Developing Country Migrants
    Keywords: Adolescent Health ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Country of Origin ; Culture & Development ; Developing Countries ; Gender ; Gender and Development ; Gender and Health ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Housing and Human Habitats ; Human Capital ; Internal Migration ; Labor Force ; Migrant ; Migrants ; Migration ; Movement of People ; Policy ; Policy ; Policy Research ; Population Policies ; Population and Development ; Social Development ; Voluntary and Involuntary Resettlement ; Youth and Government ; Adolescent Health ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Country of Origin ; Culture & Development ; Developing Countries ; Gender ; Gender and Development ; Gender and Health ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Housing and Human Habitats ; Human Capital ; Internal Migration ; Labor Force ; Migrant ; Migrants ; Migration ; Movement of People ; Policy ; Policy ; Policy Research ; Population Policies ; Population and Development ; Social Development ; Voluntary and Involuntary Resettlement ; Youth and Government ; Adolescent Health ; Communities & Human Settlements ; Country of Origin ; Culture & Development ; Developing Countries ; Gender ; Gender and Development ; Gender and Health ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Housing and Human Habitats ; Human Capital ; Internal Migration ; Labor Force ; Migrant ; Migrants ; Migration ; Movement of People ; Policy ; Policy ; Policy Research ; Population Policies ; Population and Development ; Social Development ; Voluntary and Involuntary Resettlement ; Youth and Government
    Abstract: The paper uses individual level census and household survey data to present a rich profile of the young developing migrants around the world. Youth are found to comprise a large share of all migrants, particularly in migration to other developing countries, with the probability of migration peaking in the late teens or early twenties. The paper examines in detail the age and gender composition of migrants, whether young migrants move alone or with a parent or spouse, their participation in schooling and work in the destination country, the types of jobs they do, and the age of return migration. The results suggest a high degree of commonality in the youth migrant experience across a number of destination countries. In particular, developing country youth tend to work in similar occupations all around the world, and are more concentrated in these occupations than older migrants or native youth. Nevertheless, there is also considerable heterogeneity among youth migrants: 29 percent of 18 to 24 year olds are attending school in their destination country, but another 29 percent are not working or in school. This illustrates both the potential of migration for building human capital, and the fear that lack of integration prevents it from being used
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Small business training to improve management practices in developing countries : reassessing the evidence for "Training Doesn’t Work" (2020)
    [Washington, DC, USA] : World Bank Group, Development Economics, Development Research Group
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 9408
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als McKenzie, David Small Business Training to Improve Management Practices in Developing Countries: Reassessing the Evidence for "Training Doesn't Work"
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Despite the popularity of business training among policy makers, the use of business training has faced increasing skepticism. This is, in part, fueled by the fact that most of the first wave of randomized experiments in developing countries could not detect statistically significant impacts of training on firms' profits or sales. This paper revisits and reassesses the evidence for whether small business training works, incorporating the results of more recent studies. A meta-analysis of these estimates suggests that training increases profits and sales on average by 5 to 10 percent. The author argues that this is in line with what is optimistic to expect given the relatively short length of most training programs, and the expected return on investment from the cost of such training. However, impacts of this magnitude are too small for most experiments to detect statistically. Emerging evidence is provided on five approaches for improving the effectiveness of traditional training by incorporating gender, kaizen methods, localization and mentoring, heuristics, and psychology. Training programs that incorporate these elements appear to deliver improvements over traditional training programs on average, although with considerable variation. Given that training delivers some benefits for firms, the challenge is then how to deliver a quality program on a cost-effective basis at a much larger scale. Three possible approaches to scaling up training are discussed:using the market, using technology, or targeting and funneling firms
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9408
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Estimating the demand for business training : evidence from Jamaica (2020)
    [Washington, DC, USA] : World Bank Group, Development Economics, Development Research Group & Africa Gender Innovation Lab
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 9415
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Maffioli, Alessandro Estimating the Demand for Business Training: Evidence from Jamaica
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Business training programs are typically offered for free. Charging for training provides potential benefits including financial sustainability, but little is known about how price affects the demand for training. This study conducted two experiments in Jamaica using the Becker-DeGroot-Marschak mechanism and take-it-or-leave-it offers to estimate the demand for training. Most entrepreneurs have a positive willingness to pay for training, but demand falls sharply as price increases: in the Becker-DeGroot-Marschak experiment, 76 percent of the entrepreneurs attend training when it is free, but only 43 percent attend when they are charged one-quarter of the cost, and only 11 percent when charged the full cost. Providing a credit option did not increase willingness to pay. Higher prices screen out poorer, older, and more risk-averse business owners, and those who expect to benefit less from training and have a low value of sales. However, charging a higher price increases attendance among those who pay, suggesting a psychological effect where paying for training makes firms value it more
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9415
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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