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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Study of the distributional performance of piped water consumption subsidies in 10 developing countries (2020)
    [Washington, DC, USA] : World Bank Group, Water Global Practice
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 9245
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Abramovsky, Laura Study of the Distributional Performance of Piped Water Consumption Subsidies in 10 Developing Countries
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper provides new evidence on how effectively piped water consumption subsidies are targeting poor households in 10 low- and middle-income countries around the world. The results suggest that, in these countries, existing tariff structures fall short of recovering the costs of service provision, and the resulting subsidies largely fail to achieve their goal of improving the accessibility and affordability of piped water for poor households. Instead, the majority of subsidies in all 10 countries are captured by the richest households. This is in part because the most vulnerable population segments typically face challenges in accessing and connecting to piped water services. The paper also reveals shortcomings in the design of the subsidies, which are conditional on poor households being connected to a piped network
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9245
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Estimating the magnitude of water supply and sanitation subsidies (2020)
    [Washington, DC, USA] : World Bank Group, Water Global Practice
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 9448
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Andres, Luis Estimating the Magnitude of Water Supply and Sanitation Subsidies
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The water supply and sanitation sector remains heavily subsidized around the world. Yet, the accounting of water supply and sanitation subsidies globally has proved challenging due to utility-level data limitations and their often implicit nature. This paper develops a methodology to estimate water supply and sanitation subsidies that is adaptable to data scarce environments, while accounting for differences among service providers such as population served (to account for economies of scale), coverage of water and sanitation services individually, and their level of operational efficiency in terms of water losses and staffing. This methodology is based on Chile's empresa modelo (model firm) approach to cost-reflective tariff estimation and uses utility-level data from the World Bank'sInternational Benchmarking Network for Water and Sanitation Utilities database. The results suggest that the cost of subsidies associated with the operations, maintenance, and major repair and replacement of existing water supply and sanitation infrastructure in much of the world (excluding, notably, China and India) is an estimated
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9448
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Assessing The Governance of Electricity Regulatory Agencies In The Latin American And The Caribbean Region : A Benchmarking Analysis (2007)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (57 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Andres, Luis Assessing The Governance of Electricity Regulatory Agencies In The Latin American And The Caribbean Region
    Keywords: Accountability ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Country Strategy and Performance ; Disclosure ; Good Governance ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Governance Indicators ; Institutional Arrangements ; Institutional Development ; Judiciary ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; National Governance ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Regulatory Policies ; Regulatory Policy ; Transparency ; Accountability ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Country Strategy and Performance ; Disclosure ; Good Governance ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Governance Indicators ; Institutional Arrangements ; Institutional Development ; Judiciary ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; National Governance ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Regulatory Policies ; Regulatory Policy ; Transparency ; Accountability ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Country Strategy and Performance ; Disclosure ; Good Governance ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Governance Indicators ; Institutional Arrangements ; Institutional Development ; Judiciary ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; National Governance ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Regulatory Policies ; Regulatory Policy ; Transparency
    Abstract: This paper focuses on an evaluation and benchmarking of the governance of regulatory agencies in the electricity sector in Latin American Countries (LAC). Using a unique database, we develop an index of regulatory governance and rank all the agencies in the LAC countries. The index is an aggregate number of the evaluation of four key governance characteristics: autonomy, transparency, accountability, and regulatory tools, including not only formal aspects of regulation but also indicators related to actual implementation. Based on 18 different indexes, we analyze the positions of agencies with regard to different aspects of their regulatory governance, considering not only performance in each variable but also scores in the different components of each category. This evaluation allows for the identification of particular country shortcomings regarding governance, and indicates needed improvements. Although the region shows an overall good governance design of their regulatory agencies, the implementation of the independent regulator model still faces several challenges. This is particularly evident in political autonomy and in the informal aspects of governance, where the region shows the largest number of countries with the lowest scores. Trinidad and Tobago and Brazil show the best results and Ecuador, Honduras, and Chile the poorest performances. The rest of the countries vary according to the different indexes. We give each governance variable equal weights and positively test the robustness of our approach using Principal Component Analysis
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Regulatory Governance And Sector Performance : Methodology And Evaluation For Electricity Distribution In Latin America (2008)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (33 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Andres, Luis Regulatory Governance And Sector Performance
    Keywords: Accountability ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Disclosure ; Emerging Markets ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Governance indicators ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; Infrastructure Regulation ; Institutional development ; Judiciary ; Legal framework ; National Governance ; Private Sector Development ; Regulatory agency ; Regulatory instruments ; Regulatory policy ; Transparency ; Accountability ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Disclosure ; Emerging Markets ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Governance indicators ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; Infrastructure Regulation ; Institutional development ; Judiciary ; Legal framework ; National Governance ; Private Sector Development ; Regulatory agency ; Regulatory instruments ; Regulatory policy ; Transparency ; Accountability ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Disclosure ; Emerging Markets ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Governance indicators ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; Infrastructure Regulation ; Institutional development ; Judiciary ; Legal framework ; National Governance ; Private Sector Development ; Regulatory agency ; Regulatory instruments ; Regulatory policy ; Transparency
    Abstract: This paper contributes to the literature that explores the link between regulatory governance and sector performance. The paper develops an index of regulatory governance and estimates its impact on sector performance, showing that indeed regulation and its governance matter. The authors use two unique databases: (i) the World Bank Performance Database, which contains detailed annual data for 250 private and public electricity companies in Latin America and the Caribbean; and (ii) the Electricity Regulatory Governance Database, which contains data on several aspects of the governance of electricity agencies in the region. The authors run different models to explain the impacts of change in ownership and different characteristics of the regulatory agency on the performance of the utilities. The results suggest that the mere existence of a regulatory agency, regardless of the utilities' ownership, has a significant impact on performance. Furthermore, after controlling for the existence of a regulatory agency, the ownership dummies are still significant and with the expected signs. The authors propose an experience measure in order to identify the gradual impact of the regulatory agency on utility performance. The results confirm this hypothesis. In addition, the paper explores two different measures of governance, an aggregate measure of regulatory governance, and an index based on principal components, including autonomy, transparency, and accountability. The findings show that the governance of regulatory agencies matters and has significant effects on performance
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Do Regulation And Institutional Design Matter For Infrastructure Sector Performance ? (2007)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (56 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Andres, Luis Do Regulation And Institutional Design Matter For Infrastructure Sector Performance ?
    Keywords: Debt Markets ; Developing economies ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial returns ; Gross domestic product ; Infrastructure Economics ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; Infrastructure Regulation ; Infrastructure projects ; Private Participation in Infrastructure ; Private Sector Development ; Private infrastructure ; Private investment ; Private investments ; Privatization ; Regulatory frameworks ; Sustainable Development ; Debt Markets ; Developing economies ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial returns ; Gross domestic product ; Infrastructure Economics ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; Infrastructure Regulation ; Infrastructure projects ; Private Participation in Infrastructure ; Private Sector Development ; Private infrastructure ; Private investment ; Private investments ; Privatization ; Regulatory frameworks ; Sustainable Development ; Debt Markets ; Developing economies ; Emerging Markets ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial returns ; Gross domestic product ; Infrastructure Economics ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; Infrastructure Regulation ; Infrastructure projects ; Private Participation in Infrastructure ; Private Sector Development ; Private infrastructure ; Private investment ; Private investments ; Privatization ; Regulatory frameworks ; Sustainable Development
    Abstract: This paper evaluates the impact of economic regulation on infrastructure sector outcomes. It tests the impact of regulation from three different angles: aligning costs with tariffs and firm profitability; reducing opportunistic renegotiation; and measuring the effects on productivity, quality of service, coverage, and prices. The analysis uses an extensive data set of about 1,000 infrastructure concessions granted in Latin America from the late 1980s to the early 2000s. The analysis finds that as the theory indicates, regulation matters. The empirical work here reported shows that in three relevant economic aspects-aligning costs and tariffs; dissuading renegotiations; and improving productivity, quality of service, coverage, and tariffs-the structure, institutions, and procedures of regulation matter. Thus, significant efforts should continue to be made to improve the structure, quality, and institutionality of regulation. Regulation matters for protecting both consumers and investors, for aligning closely financial returns and the costs of capital, and for capturing higher levels of benefits from the provision of infrastructure services by the private sector
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Doing More with Less : Smarter Subsidies for Water Supply and Sanitation (2019)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Water Papers
    Abstract: This report explores how scarce public resources can be used most effectively to achieve universal delivery of water supply and sanitation services. It analyzes the prevalence and performance of subsidies in the sector, then guide policymakers on improving subsidy design and implementation to improve their efficacy and efficiency in attaining their objectives
    DOI: 10.1596/32277
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Troubled Tariffs : Revisiting Water Pricing for Affordable and Sustainable Water Services (2021)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Water Papers
    Keywords: Water Conservation ; Water Pricing and Subsidies ; Water Supply ; Water Supply and Sanitation
    Abstract: Tariffs are essential but not the only pathway to cost recovery, addressing affordability, and managing water conservation. To maximize their potential, they must be well designed, complemented by appropriate instruments, adequately regulated, and understood by customers. This report builds upon that one, and provides policy makers with the information needed to design better tariffs to further the economic efficiency, affordability, and environmental sustainability of water supply services. Through a layered and comprehensive analysis of the most prevalent tariff structures, it provides policy makers with specific guidance on pricing water supply services in response to the sector's often-competing goals. This document comprises a synthesis of fifteen unique research papers that, combined, articulate a step-by-step thought process for designing effective tariffs with a view to achieving sustainable development goal (SDG) 6
    DOI: 10.1596/36661
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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