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  • 1995-1999  (15)
  • Computer science
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401723886
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXV, 384 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Text, Speech and Language Technology 7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Computer science ; Linguistics ; Information storage and retrieval systems ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics ; Natural language processing (Computer science). ; User interfaces (Computer systems). ; Human-computer interaction.
    Abstract: The last decade has been one of dramatic progress in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). This hitherto largely academic discipline has found itself at the center of an information revolution ushered in by the Internet age, as demand for human-computer communication and information access has exploded. Emerging applications in computer-assisted information production and dissemination, automated understanding of news, understanding of spoken language, and processing of foreign languages have given impetus to research that resulted in a new generation of robust tools, systems, and commercial products. This volume focuses on the use of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in Information Retrieval, the technology that grew out of library research to become our best hope in dealing with today's information overload. The book gives a broad overview of the work being done at the junction of these two important fields, and suggests directions for future explorations. It is organized into two loosely structured parts: The first part, consisting of Chapters 1 through 7, discusses research systems and evaluations that represent major avenues where the impact of NLP technologies in information retrieval is being explored. The second part (Chapters 8 through 14) describes specific implementations and prototypes of information systems where NLP techniques are used or proposed to assist in accurate retrieval, text categorization, question answering, and in organizing the results for the user. Audience: This book will be a valuable reference to researchers and practitioners in the fields of Natural Language Processing, Information Retrieval, and Computational Linguistics
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9780585283227
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 394 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Linguistics ; Computer science ; Data structures (Computer science) ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics ; Information theory.
    Abstract: Qualitative reasoning about space and time - a reasoning at the human level - promises to become a fundamental aspect of future systems that will accompany us in daily activity. The aim of Spatial and Temporal Reasoning is to give a picture of current research in this area focusing on both representational and computational issues. The picture emphasizes some major lines of development in this multifaceted, constantly growing area. The material in the book also shows some common ground and a novel combination of spatial and temporal aspects of qualitative reasoning. Part I presents the overall scene. The chapter by Laure Vieu is on the state of the art in spatial representation and reasoning, and that by Alfonso Gerevini gives a similar survey on research in temporal reasoning. The specific contributions to these areas are then grouped in the two main parts. In Part II, Roberto Casati and Achille Varzi examine the ontological status of spatial entities; Anthony Cohn, Brandon Bennett, John Gooday, and Nicholas Gotts present a detailed theory of reasoning with qualitative relations about regions; Andrew Frank discusses the spatial needs of geographical information systems; and Annette Herskovits focuses on the linguistic expression of spatial relations. In Part III, James Allen and George Ferguson describe an interval temporal logic for the representation of actions and events; Drew McDermott presents an efficient way of predicting the outcome of plan execution; and Erik Sandewall introduces a semantics based on transitions for assessing theories of action and change. In Part IV, Antony Galton's chapter stands clearly between the two areas of space and time and outlines the main coordinates of an integrated approach
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands | Dordrecht : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9780585345871
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xix, 214 p) , ill
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Innovations in Science Education and Technology 3
    Keywords: Education ; Computer science ; Education. ; Computer science.
    Abstract: Based on the author's experience using computers and multimedia in teaching large, multisection courses, this groundbreaking text demonstrates how teaching professionals at all levels of instruction can use `paperless' electronic dialoguing to dramatically improve classroom instruction. The book explains how to employ such tools as: hypertext, animation, morphs, CAD, and virtual reality interactive strategies using of e-mail `self-regulation', a means of enhancing students'independence and efficiency and `intranets', networks that are off the Web but operate on the same basic principle
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    London : Routledge
    ISBN: 0203981049 , 9780203981047
    Language: English
    Pages: Online Ressource (xviii, 257 p.)
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Levinson, Paul Soft edge
    DDC: 302.23
    Keywords: Information technology History ; Information technology Forecasting ; Information technology History ; Information technology Forecasting ; I366 ; Mass media ; Social aspects ; Science ; Computer science ; Social Science ; Information technology ; SOCIAL SCIENCE ; Media Studies ; Information technology ; Forecasting ; History ; Electronic books History
    Abstract: The Soft Edge is a one-of-a-kind history of the information revolution. In his lucid and direct style, Paul Levinson, historian and philosopher of media and communications, gives us more than just a history of information technologies. The Soft Edge is a book about theories on the evolution of technology, the effects that human choice has on this (r)evolution, and what's in store for us in the future.Paul Levinson's engaging voice guides us on a tour that explains how communications media have been responsible for major developments in history and for profound chang
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [233]-241) and index. - Description based on print version record
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401589697
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 378 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 67
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics
    Abstract: Marcus Contextual Grammars is the first monograph to present a class of grammars introduced about three decades ago, based on the fundamental linguistic phenomenon of strings-contexts interplay (selection). Most of the theoretical results obtained so far about the many variants of contextual grammars are presented with emphasis on classes of questions with relevance for applications in the study of natural language syntax: generative powers, descriptive and computational complexity, automata recognition, semilinearity, structure of the generated strings, ambiguity, regulated rewriting, etc. Constant comparison with families of languages in the Chomsky hierarchy is made. Connections with non-linguistic areas are established, such as molecular computing. Audience: Researchers and students in theoretical computer science (formal language theory and automata theory), computational linguistics, mathematical methods in linguistics, and linguists interested in formal models of syntax
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : The MIT Press
    ISBN: 9780262510875
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (688 p.)
    Keywords: Computer science
    Abstract: Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs has had a dramatic impact on computer science curricula over the past decade. This long-awaited revision contains changes throughout the text. There are new implementations of most of the major programming systems in the book, including the interpreters and compilers, and the authors have incorporated many small changes that reflect their experience teaching the course at MIT since the first edition was published. A new theme has been introduced that emphasizes the central role played by different approaches to dealing with time in computational models: objects with state, concurrent programming, functional programming and lazy evaluation, and nondeterministic programming. There are new example sections on higher-order procedures in graphics and on applications of stream processing in numerical programming, and many new exercises. In addition, all the programs have been reworked to run in any Scheme implementation that adheres to the IEEE standard
    Note: English
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9789401586580
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 153 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library, Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences 22
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 22
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Economics ; Computer science ; Industrial organization (Economic theory) ; Econometrics ; Labor economics ; Microprocessors. ; Computer architecture. ; Industrial organization.
    Abstract: A new approach to explaining the existence of firms and markets, focusing on variability and coordination. It stands in contrast to the emphasis on transaction costs, and on monitoring and incentive structures, which are prominent in most of the modern literature in this field. This approach, called the variability approach, allows us to: show why both the need for communication and the coordination costs increase when the division of labor increases; explain why, while the firm relies on direction, the market does not; rigorously formulate the optimum divisionalization problem; better understand the relationship between technology and organization; show why the `size' of the firm is limited; and to refine the analysis of whether the existence of a sharable input, or the presence of an external effect leads to the emergence of a firm. The book provides a wealth of insights for students and professionals in economics, business, law and organization
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers | Dordrecht : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9780585327679
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (viii, 468 p) , ill
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Technology-Based Education Series 1
    Keywords: Education ; Computer science ; Educational technology. ; Computer science.
    Abstract: This book reports on the policies and practices regarding computers in education in 20 countries, representing Northern America, Asia, and both the Eastern and Western parts of Europe. Moreover, the editors have analysed and reflected from several perspectives on the richness of the national reports, resulting in chapters on curricular, (in)equity and education paradigmatic aspects of the introduction of computers in education
    Description / Table of Contents: ""COVER""; ""COPYRIGHT""; ""FOREWORD""; ""CONTENTS""; ""INTRODUCTION""
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789401587310
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 270 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Series 69
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Computer science ; Genetic epistemology ; Semantics ; Logic ; Philosophy of mind ; Artificial intelligence ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Neurosciences. ; Cognitive psychology.
    Abstract: This book presents the Proceedings of the Second International Colloquium on Cognitive Science, held at San Sebastian in May, 1991, to discuss from an interdisciplinary point of view topics which are at the intersection of philosophy and cognitive science. With a total of eleven papers from leading scholars in the field, the volume provides many different theoretical approaches to the study of Categories, Consciousness and Reasoning. The book is addressed to researchers, specialists, advanced students and scholars in the fields of epistemology, philosophy of mind, psychology, semantics, logic and artificial intelligence
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers
    ISBN: 9780585334851
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (x, 365 p) , ill., maps
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: GeoJournal Library 32
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Computer science ; Neurosciences ; Philosophy of mind ; Neurology ; Artificial intelligence ; Human Geography
    Abstract: This book sheds light on processes associated with the construction of cognitive maps, that is to say, with the construction of internal representations of very large spatial entities such as towns, cities, neighborhoods, landscapes, metropolitan areas, environments and the like. Because of their size, such entities can never be seen in their entirety, and consequently one constructs their internal representation by means of visual, as well as non-visual, modes of sensation and information - text, auditory, haptic and olfactory means for example - or by inference. Intersensory coordination and information transfer thus play a crucial role in the construction of cognitive maps. Because it involves a multiplicity of sensational and informational modes, the issue of cognitive maps does not fall into any single traditional cognitive field, but rather into, and often in between, several of them. Thus, although one is dealing here with processes associated with almost every aspect of our daily life, the subject has received relatively marginal scientific attention. The book is directed to researchers and students of cognitive mapping and environmental cognition. In particular it focuses on the cognitive processes by which one form of information, say haptic, is being transformed into another, say a visual image, and by which multiple forms of information participate in constructing cognitive maps
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400917088
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 245 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 63
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Linguistics.
    Abstract: Parsing with Principles and Classes of Information presents a parser based on current principle-based linguistic theories for English. It argues that differences in the kind of information being computed, whether lexical, structural or syntactic, play a crucial role in the mapping from grammatical theory to parsing algorithms. The direct encoding of homogeneous classes of information has computational and cognitive advantages, which are discussed in detail. Phrase structure is built by using a fast algorithm and compact reference tables. A quantified comparison of different compilation methods shows that lexical and structural information are most compactly represented by separate tables. This finding is reconciled to evidence on the resolution of lexical ambiguity, as an approach to the modularization of information. The same design is applied to the efficient computation of long- distance dependencies. Incremental parsing using bottom-up tabular algorithms is discussed in detail. Finally, locality restrictions are calculated by a parametric algorithm. Students of linguistics, parsing and psycholinguistics will find this book a useful resource on issues related to the implementation of current linguistic theories, using computational and cognitive plausible algorithms
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9789400916005
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics 20
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics ; Psycholinguistics
    Abstract: Computational Psycholinguistics: An Interdisciplinary Approach to the Study of Language investigates the architecture and mechanisms which underlie the human capacity to process language. It is the first such study to integrate modern syntactic theory, cross-linguistic psychological evidence, and modern computational techniques in constructing a model of the human sentence processing mechanism. The monograph follows the rationalist tradition, arguing the central role of modularity and universal grammar in a theory of human linguistic performance. It refines the notion of `modularity of mind', and presents a distributed model of syntactic processing which consists of modules aligned with the various informational `types' associated with modern linguistic theories. By considering psycholinguistic evidence from a range of languages, a small number of processing principles are motivated and are demonstrated to hold universally. It is also argued that the behavior of modules, and the strategies operative within them, can be derived from an overarching `Principle of Incremental Comprehension'. Audience: The book is recommended to all linguists, psycholinguists, computational linguists, and others interested in a unified and interdisciplinary study of the human language faculty
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  • 13
    Book
    Book
    Roma : Dipart. di Studi Glottoantropolog., Università La Sapienza [u.a.]
    ISBN: 8885134386
    Language: Italian
    Pages: 217 S. , 24 cm
    Series Statement: Biblioteche di ricerche linguistiche e filologiche 38
    Series Statement: Biblioteca di ricerche linguistiche e filologiche
    DDC: 302.2/09/04
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Communication ; History ; 20th century ; Communication and technology ; Computer science ; Sprachwandel ; Soziolinguistik ; Informationsgesellschaft ; Datenverarbeitung
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers | Dordrecht : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9780585374635
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (viii, 413 p) , ill
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 57
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Science Philosophy ; Computer science ; Logic. ; Computer science. ; Linguistics. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Temporal Logic: From Ancient Ideas to Artificial Intelligence deals with the history of temporal logic as well as the crucial systematic questions within the field. The book studies the rich contributions from ancient and medieval philosophy up to the downfall of temporal logic in the Renaissance. The modern rediscovery of the subject, which is especially due to the work of A. N. Prior, is described, leading into a thorough discussion of the use of temporal logic in computer science and the understanding of natural language. Temporal Logic: From Ancient Ideas to Artificial Intelligence thus interweaves linguistic, philosophical and computational aspects into an informative and inspiring whole
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9789401103497
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 353 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Human-machine systems. ; User interfaces (Computer systems). ; Human-computer interaction. ; Information technology
    Abstract: Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) is an interdisciplinary research area devoted to exploring the issues of designing computer-based systems that enhance the abilities to cooperate and integrate activities in an efficient and flexible manner for people in cooperative work situations. This volume is a rigorous selection of papers that represent both practical and theoretical approaches to CSCW from many leading researchers in the field. As an interdisciplinary area of research, CSCW brings together widely disparate research traditions and perspectives from computer, human, organisational and design sciences. The papers selected reflect a variety of approaches and cultures in the field. Audience: Of interest to a wide audience because of the huge practical impact of the issues and the interdisciplinary nature of the problems and solutions proposed. In particular: researchers and professionals in computing, sociology, cognitive science, human factors, and system design
    Description / Table of Contents: Distributed Social WorldsWork, Locales and Distributed Social Worlds -- POLITeam Bridging the Gap between Bonn and Berlin for and with the Users -- Fragmented Exchange: Disarticulation and the Need for Regionalized Communication Spaces -- Cooperation and Power -- Workflow from Within and Without: Technology and Cooperative Work on the Print Industry Shopfloor -- Cooperation and Power -- Collaborative Activities -- Reconsidering the Virtual Workplace: Flexible Support for Collaborative Activity -- Contact: Support for Distributed Cooperative Writing -- CSCW for Strategic Management in Swiss Enterprises: An Empirical Study -- CSCW Mechanisms I -- Medium versus Mechanism: Supporting Collaboration Through Customisation -- The Session Capture and Replay Paradigm for Asynchronous Collaboration -- Electronic Meetings I -- Virtual Reality Tele-Conferencing: Implementation and Experience -- Can the GestureCam be a Surrogate? -- The Use of Hypermedia in Group Problem Solving: An Evaluation of the DOLPHIN Electronic Meeting Room Environment -- CSCW Mechanisms II -- The Parting of the Ways: Divergence, Data Management and Collaborative Work -- A General Multi-User Undo/Redo Model -- Supporting Cooperative Awareness with Local Event Mechanisms: The GroupDesk System -- Electronic Meetings II -- Why Groupware Succeeds: Discretion or Mandate? -- MAJIC Videoconferencing System: Experiments, Evaluation and Improvement -- Multimedia Support of Collaboration in a Teleservice Team -- Workplace Studies -- What Are Workplace Studies For? -- Chalk and Cheese: BPR and Ethnomethodologically Informed Ethnography in CSCW -- ECSCW’95 Directory: Authors and Programme Committee Members -- Index of Authors.
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