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  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development  (221)
  • Finance and Investment  (143)
  • Industry and Services  (93)
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Subjects(RVK)
  • 101
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Beijing : Ministry of Science and Technology, China
    ISBN: 9787502352622
    Language: Chinese
    Pages: Online-Ressource (235 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Science, technologie et industrie ; Perspectives de l'OCDE 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Science, Technology and Industry Outlook 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Science, technologie et industrie : Perspectives de l'OCDE 2004
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The OECD Science, Technology and Industry Outlook 2004 provides a comprehensive review of important trends and developments in science and innovation in OECD countries. Touching on themes central to ongoing policy development, the book examines the role of public/private partnerships in stimulating innovation, efforts to promote innovation in the service sector, global challenges to the supply of human resources for science and technology, and the contributions of multinational enterprises to productivity growth and innovation. A statistical annex provides up-to-date figures on R&D funding, patents, researchers and other indicators of innovative performance.
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  • 102
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2006, no. 1, p. 155-201
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 58 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2006, no. 1, p. 155-201
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The article describes the results of a modeling exercise to gauge the size of potential pension fund demand for bonds under some simplifying assumptions, so as to illustrate the potential role of this specific group of investors. It provides a measure of the potential excess demand for high-quality fixed-income instruments from pension funds, using the admittedly restrictive assumptions that pension funds invest only in high-quality bonds in an attempt to achieve cash-flow matching of their liabilities.
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  • 103
    ISBN: 9789264066106
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (138 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'environnement et les principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales ; Instruments et méthodes pour les entreprises
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Umwelt und OECD-Leitsätze für multinationale Unternehmen; Betriebliche Instrumente und Konzepte
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'environnement et les principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales : Instruments et méthodes pour les entreprises
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Umwelt und OECD-Leitsätze für multinationale Unternehmen: Betriebliche Instrumente und Konzepte
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches (Chinese version)
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
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  • 104
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 67-108
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 47 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 67-108
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: With the economic reform in the late 1970s, it has been an objective of government policy for Chinese banks to move away from their traditional passive role of executing directives adapted to the active role in resource allocation of banks in a market economy. However, owing to unclear ownership structures and a history of support of regional and industrial policy, most Chinese banks have had difficulty making the transition. This is particularly true for the four large state-owned commercial banks (SOCBs). In 1998-99, a significant effort to strengthen SOCB balance sheets was undertaken, but the results were disappointing. In the most recent phase of the reform, which began in 2003, the authorities concluded that 〉further attempts at rehabilitation of the SOCBs had to address the issue of bank governance......
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  • 105
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 213-230
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 213-230
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: In 2002, the OECD launched, through the Working Party on Private Pensions and the Task Force on Pension Statistics,1 the Global Pension Statistics Project,2 which aims to establish a harmonised set of statistics and indicators related to funded pensions. This article3 is an extract from the OECD newsletter “Pension Markets in Focus”, Issue 1.
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  • 106
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 7-63
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 61 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 7-63
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Over the past few months, prices in major financial markets have remained strong despite further oil price increases. After major equity markets had shown a soft spot around March and April, they regained their upward trend in the second quarter. Terrorist attacks in London in July and the hurricane Katrina in the United States which hit the New Orleans region at the end of August did not disrupt markets, despite the large size of human, economic and insured losses associated with the latter event.
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  • 107
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 111-123
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 19 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 111-123
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: In 2003, the OECD established the Financial Education Project in response to the increasing interest of its member countries in improving the financial literacy of their consumers. Phase one of this project has culminated in the publication of the first major study of financial education at the international level. This book, Improving Financial Literacy: Analysis of Issues and Policies (OECD, 2005, forthcoming), contributes to the development of consumer financial literacy by providing information to policymakers on effective financial education programmes and by facilitating the sharing of experience in the field of financial education and awareness.
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  • 108
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [s.l.] : Ministry of Economy and Finances of Spain
    ISBN: 9788485482726
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (67 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principes de gouvernement d'entreprise de l'OCDE 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Arabic version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD-Grundsätze der Corporate Governance 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 Edition (Japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Os Princípios da OCDE sobre o Governo das Sociedades 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Slovenian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Serbian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Chinese version)
    Keywords: Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Los Principios de Gobierno Corporativo de la OCDE fueron emitidos en 1999, desde entonces, han ganado reconocimiento mundial como un estándar de comparación internacional para el buen gobierno corporativo. Son usados activamente por los gobiernos, los reguladores, los inversores, empresas y otros interesados tanto en países miembros de la OCDE como en otros no-miembros, y han sido adoptados por el Foro sobre Estabilidad Financiera como una de las Doce Normas Fundamentales para garantizar sistemas financieros sanos. La finalidad de los Principios es la de ayudar en la tarea de evaluar y perfeccionar los marcos legal, institucional y reglamentario aplicables al gobierno corporativo. También ofrecen orientación y sugerencias a las Bolsas de valores, los inversores, las empresas, y demás partes que intervienen en el proceso de desarrollo de un buen gobierno corporativo.Los Principios deben ser vistos como un instrumento vivo. La versión revisada toma en cuenta los desarrollos desde 1999 e incorpora varias modificaciones importantes. La revisión se ha visto beneficiada ampliamente de la extensa consulta pública realizada. La versión revisada de los Principios de la OCDE fueron acordados por los países miembros de la OCDE el 22 de abril de 2004.
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  • 109
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 183-212
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 183-212
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: On 28 April 2005, the OECD Council approved the Recommendation on Guidelines for Insurers’ Governance. Guidelines were first endorsed by the OECD Insurance and Private Pensions Committee in collaboration and wide consultation with the 30 member countries’ governmental experts in the insurance sector as well as the insurance and reinsurance industry. These guidelines were also deemed fully compatible and consistent with the OECD Revised Principles on Corporate Governance by its Steering Group in October 2004.
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  • 110
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2006, no. 2, p. 9-61
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 61 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2006, no. 2, p. 9-61
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: After some significant corrections in the second half of May and in early June, major equity markets have resumed their growth, in some cases regaining levels reached before the May-June contraction. Against a backdrop of healthy corporate balance sheets, robust earnings growth and low default rates, investor sentiment has remained positive, as reflected in these equity market developments and compressed credit spreads. However, there are signs of increasing nevousness, which include the May/June market turbulence and somewhat increased levels of historical and implied volatility. The increased nervousness may reflect in part downward revisions to economic forecasts.
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  • 111
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2006, no. 1, p. 205-235
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 41 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2006, no. 1, p. 205-235
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: A useful proxy for the total assets accumulated in long-term savings and retirement systems is the sum of investments of pension funds and life insurance companies. This proxy covers the vast majority of occupational and personal pension arrangements for both the public and private sectors that rely on funding. In 2004, the total assets held by pension funds and life insurance companies grew by over USD 3.3 trillion or 1.5 percentage points of total GDP in OECD countries.
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  • 112
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2006, no. 2, p. 145-167
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2006, no. 2, p. 145-167
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This paper empirically explores the impact of pension funds on market volatility, equity prices, government and corporate bond yields for a panel of 24 countries. The results show a positive and statistically significant relationship between market volatility and pension assets. It complements micro evidence (Dennis and Strickland, 2002) as well as macro findings (Davis, 2004). In addition, equity prices are found to be positively correlated with pension funds, a finding observable for both OECD countries and emerging market economies (EMEs) and present in both the short and long terms. Furthermore, there is evidence indicating a negative link between pension fund assets and both corporate and government bond yields. This might be due to the sizeable buying effects of pension funds, particularly when governments have the tendency to use pension funds to finance implicit pension debts when the traditional pay-as-you-go systems shift to funded systems.
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  • 113
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2006, no. 1, p. 9-58
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 57 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2006, no. 1, p. 9-58
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Financial markets in major economies have been broadly strong after some weakening in the first part of the fourth quarter of 2005. Equity markets in the euro area have been buoyant over the past few months, and the strong upswing of Japanese markets in the fourth quarter was perhaps driven by prospects of the end of deflation.
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  • 114
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2006, no. 2, p. 63-85
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 31 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2006, no. 2, p. 63-85
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: Over the past few years China has emerged as a major player in the global economy with a pivotal position in global production, trade and, increasingly, finance. In the context of large imbalances in world growth rates, China has helped sustain world economic expansion, especially in the Asia Pacific region. China is also an important force in global financial flows. The country is one of the world’s largest recipients of FDI inflows. Moreover, China, along with other Asian economies, has been accumulating reserves, thereby supporting the present configuration of exchange rates in major OECD regions. The country is now a major investor in key asset markets, such as the international market in government securities.
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  • 115
    ISBN: 9789264025875
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (258 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cadre d'action pour l'investissement ; Panorama des bonnes pratiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cadre d'action pour l'investissement : Panorama des bonnes pratiques
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Policy framework for investment
    RVK:
    Keywords: Investitionspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Economic development ; Investments Government policy ; Finance and Investment ; Development ; OECD ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Investitionsförderung ; Transparenz ; Investitionsförderung ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Transparenz
    Abstract: OECD's Policy Framework for Investment is designed to encourage policy makers to ask appropriate questions about their economy, their institutions and their policy settings in order to identify their priorities, to develop an effective set of policies and to evaluate progress. This Review of Good Practices in OECD and non-OECD economies is published as a companion volume to the Framework and provides analytical background material on each of the ten chapters of the Framework.
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  • 116
    ISBN: 9789264028647
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Holmes, Janet Corporate governance in Turkey
    Keywords: Corporate Governance ; Türkei ; Corporate governance Turkey ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Turkey ; Türkei ; Corporate Governance
    Abstract: Turkish domestic equity markets and inward foreign investment are poised to grow rapdily but only if corporate governance standards are high enough to protect minority shareholders. This report evaluates the extent to which the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance have been implemented in Turkey, looking at both the legal and regulatory framework as well as company practices. It finds that significant reforms to the corporate governance framework have already been introduced, and supports additional legislative reforms that are already in progress. Looking ahead, the report argues that it is time to move into the next important phase in policy reform, and makes a series of recommendations for further strengthening Turkeys corporate governance structures.
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  • 117
    ISBN: 9789264025974
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (97 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Caribbean Rim
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Antigua und Barbuda ; Grenada ; St. Lucia ; Finance and Investment ; Antigua and Barbuda ; Grenada ; Saint Lucia
    Abstract: These reports provide a factual assessment of investment conditions existing in each subject country, including information on FDI inflows since 1998, a sectoral analysis of the inflows, an analysis of the main investors, an assessment of the economic and governance environment, an assessment of investors' perceptions, and a series of recommendations for each country. They offer a unique set of detailed information which should be of interest to all those concerned by the development of investment opportunities in the region. The reports are intended to be used by the countries involved as a roadmap for developing and implementing their agenda for investment policy reform. This volume contains the reports completed for Antigua and Barbuda, Grenada and St. Lucia.
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  • 118
    ISBN: 9789264036239
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ageing and employment policies: Ireland
    Keywords: Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Irland ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Ireland ; Irland
    Abstract: This report, part of a series covering around 21 OECD countries, contains a survey of Ireland's main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers, and a set of policy recommendations to further action by public authorities and social partners. These recommendations are designed to alleviate some of the pension and health care pressures governments are facing because of ageing populations.
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  • 119
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264025028
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (146 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation and growth in tourism
    DDC: 338.4791
    RVK:
    Keywords: Tourismus ; Innovation ; Tourismuspolitik ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Welt ; Tourism ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Tourismus ; Innovation
    Abstract: How is innovation transforming tourism business models? By tackling the subject of innovation, this report touches upon an important dimension of tourism economics rarely examined at the international level. It provides information about the dynamics and characteristics of innovation in tourism, and gives examples of how business models are evolving as a result. It also aims to provide an important contribution to further research and policy work in this area. The report includes a discussion of the conceptual issues regarding innovation in tourism, it illustrates national and industry practices enhancing innovation in tourism, and provides insights into the potential role of tourism policy in innovation.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 120
    ISBN: 9789264009394
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (143 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'environnement et les principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales ; Instruments et méthodes pour les entreprises
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Umwelt und OECD-Leitsätze für multinationale Unternehmen; Betriebliche Instrumente und Konzepte
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. El Medio Ambiente y las Líneas Directrices de la OCDE para Empresas Multinacionales ; Herramientas y Enfoques Empresariales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'environnement et les principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales : Instruments et méthodes pour les entreprises
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Umwelt und OECD-Leitsätze für multinationale Unternehmen: Betriebliche Instrumente und Konzepte
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. El Medio Ambiente y las Líneas Directrices de la OCDE para Empresas Multinacionales : Herramientas y Enfoques Empresariales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Environment and the OECD guidelines for multinational enterprises
    DDC: 658.4083
    RVK:
    Keywords: Umweltmanagement ; Multinationales Unternehmen ; Umweltbelastung ; Internationale Umweltpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Multinationales Unternehmen ; Umweltbezogenes Management
    Abstract: This book provides a detailed examination of the environment chapter of the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and other relevant provisions of the Guidelines and gives concrete ideas and guidance to enterprises wishing to implement the Guidelines. Topics covered include environmental management systems; public information and stakeholder consultation; life cycle assessment; risk management; emergency preparedness and response; continuous improvements in environmental performance; environmental education and training; and contributing to the development of environmental policy.
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  • 121
    ISBN: 9789264017009
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (102 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Private pensions
    DDC: 331.252012
    RVK:
    Keywords: Private Altersvorsorge ; Pensionskasse ; Finance and Investment ; Mehrsprachiges Wörterbuch ; Englisch ; Französisch ; OECD ; Lebensversicherung ; Rentenversicherung ; Private Altersversorgung
    Abstract: This book presents classification schemes approved by OECD member country governments for pension plans and pension funds. In addition, it includes a glossary of terminology frequently used in discussions of pensions. This book is presented in both English (the first half of the book) and in French (the second half of the book), and is designed to be a practical tool for those working in the field.
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  • 122
    ISBN: 9789264011151
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.)
    Series Statement: Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Montenegro ; Serbia
    Abstract: The EPPA 2004 indicates that, since the completion of the previous EPPA report in March 2003, Serbia has made progress in implementing better policies for the SME sector. The overall picture is that of a gradual, but limited and uneven progress over the broad spectrum of the seven policy dimensions covered by the EPPA report...
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  • 123
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 137-169
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 37 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 137-169
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Collective Investment Schemes (CIS) have been one of the most significant developments in financial intermediation during the past few decades. OECD data indicate that CIS assets have been rising sharply as a share of national income and a share of financial assets in most Member countries. In addition to functioning as an effective vehicle for individuals to implement their preferred investment strategies, CIS already play a major role in providing for retirement income. This role is likely to grow in coming years. Overall, the experience of the investing public as well as policy makers has been highly positive. CIS have enabled even fairly small investors to participate in the strong growth of capital markets in the past two decades. CIS make it possible for relatively small...
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  • 124
    ISBN: 9789264008342
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (334 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'espace à l'horizon 2030 ; Relever les défis de la société de demain
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'espace à l'horizon 2030 : Relever les défis de la société de demain
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Space 2030
    DDC: 338.544
    RVK:
    Keywords: Raumfahrt ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Weltraum ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Weltraumforschung ; Luft- und Raumfahrtindustrie ; Technik ; Anwendung ; Wirtschaft
    Abstract: This book explores the contribution space systems might make in dealing with looming societal challenges related to threats to the physical environment and the management of natural resources, growing mobility and its consequences, increasing security concerns, and the shift to the information society. It discusses the challenges for developing space applications. It assesses the strengths and weaknesses of the institutional, legal and regulatory frameworks that currently govern space activities in the OECD area and beyond. Finally, it formulates an overall policy framework that OECD governments might use in drafting policies designed to ensure that the potential that space has to offer is actually realised.
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  • 125
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 7-65
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 63 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 7-65
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Over the past few months, major equity markets generally have continued their upward trend, while interest rates at the long end of the maturity spectrum have declined. Meanwhile, credit spreads for both investment grade and sub-investment grade borrowers continue to be compressed and volatility appears to have diminished in most market segments.
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  • 126
    Language: English
    Pages: 2006 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2005/01
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transparence et participation de tierces parties aux procédures de règlement des différends entre investisseurs et états
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The present document surveys the issues related to transparency and third party participation in investor-state dispute settlement procedures. Section I examines the way in which the current rules apply to these issues. Section II describes the steps taken to improve the transparency of the system at the governmental level, by the arbitral Tribunals and the International Centre for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID). Section III examines the perceived advantages as well as the challenges of additional transparency. The last section sums up.
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  • 127
    ISBN: 9789264013544
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'environnement et les principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales ; Instruments et méthodes pour les entreprises
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. El Medio Ambiente y las Líneas Directrices de la OCDE para Empresas Multinacionales ; Herramientas y Enfoques Empresariales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'environnement et les principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales : Instruments et méthodes pour les entreprises
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. El Medio Ambiente y las Líneas Directrices de la OCDE para Empresas Multinacionales : Herramientas y Enfoques Empresariales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches (Chinese version)
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
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  • 128
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 173-189
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 173-189
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Following the end of the “Cold War”, the OECD has, since the early 1990s, been conducting “Outreach” activities (i.e. policy dialogue and capacity-building cooperation activities with non-Member economies), first with the Central and Eastern European countries in transition, and now extending to many other emerging economies. These “Outreach” activities have of course included financial sector reform, as the financial sector is often considered one of the key sectors in assisting these economies’ developments. The OECD’s efforts in this area have focused on, and continue to give primary attention to, capital market reform (including corporate governance) as well as insurance and pension market policies and reform on a regional basis; they have been recently targeting Asia, as this...
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  • 129
    ISBN: 9789264035782
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Biens et services environnementaux ; Pour une ouverture des marchés au service de l'environnement et du développement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Biens et services environnementaux : Pour une ouverture des marchés au service de l'environnement et du développement
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Trade that benefits the environment and development
    RVK:
    Keywords: Natürliche Ressourcen ; Umweltwirtschaft ; GATS ; OECD-Staaten ; APEC-Staaten ; Environment ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Umweltschutzindustrie ; Umweltschutz ; Dienstleistung ; Außenhandel ; Liberalisierung
    Abstract: This collection of studies is intended as a practical tool to help negotiators navigate the numerous, complex issues that have arisen in international discussions over liberalising trade in environmental goods and services. In addition to explaining the background to the two earlier lists of environmental goods (stemming from separate efforts by the OECD and by the Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation Forum), the different chapters: Explore various practical issues related to the classification of environmental goods, including "dual use" goods. Provide concrete examples of synergies between trade in environmental services and environmental goods. Synthesise the findings of various country studies on environmental goods and services undertaken by the OECD and other inter-governmental organisations.
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  • 130
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 117-134
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 117-134
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Modern risk management has become an important tool for achieving strategic debt targets in the OECD area. In essence, risk management policies, based on the use of formal methods, are now an integral part of debt management in most OECD jurisdictions. In general, risk management tolerances and policies are approved (and often set) by the Ministry of Finance (or other appropriate Ministry). This strategy about risks entails an explicit political decision about the trade-off between costs and risks. The actual risk management operation is often run at a separate agency responsible for management of the sovereign debt or at the central bank if it manages the debt, and is typically segregated from other treasury...
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  • 131
    ISBN: 9789264014060
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi; Germany 2005
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi: Germany 2005
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Prinz, Christopher Alterung und Beschäftigungspolitik: Deutschland
    DDC: 331.120420943
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Deutschland ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany ; Deutschland ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer ; Beschäftigungspolitik
    Abstract: Der Bericht enthält Untersuchungen der wichtigsten Beschäftigungshindernisse für ältere Arbeitskräfte, eine Beurteilung der Eignung und Wirksamkeit der bestehenden Maßnahmen zur Beseitigung dieser Hindernisse sowie einen Katalog an Politikempfehlungen für weitere Aktionen seitens der zuständigen öffentlichen Stellen und der Sozialpartner.Angesichts der rasch fortschreitenden Bevölkerungsalterung und des Trends zum vorzeitigen Arbeitsmarktrückzug muss für bessere Beschäftigungsmöglichkeiten für ältere Menschen gesorgt werden. Regierungen ebenso wie Unternehmen werden aktive Maßnahmen ergreifen müssen, um die Lohnfindungsmechanismen auf eine alternde Erwerbsbevölkerung abzustimmen, um zu verhindern, dass andere Sozialtransfersysteme als alternative Wege in die Frührente genutzt werden, um Altersdiskriminierung zu bekämpfen und um die Arbeitsplatzkompetenzen und Arbeitsbedingungen der älteren Arbeitskräfte zu verbessern.
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  • 132
    ISBN: 9789264064577
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (23 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les Services et la croissance économique ; Emploi, productivité et innovation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les Services et la croissance économique : Emploi, productivité et innovation
    Keywords: Employment ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: At its meeting in May 2003, the Ministerial Council asked the OECD to analyse the contribution made by the services sector to employment growth, productivity and innovation, and to identify factors, institutions and policies that could enhance the growth prospects of this sector. In response to this request, the OECD launched a cross-Directorate study. This report draws the main policy conclusions from the project. It complements the OECD report on Trade and Structural Adjustment, which provides policy directions on how OECD countries can adjust to international trade. Together, these reports present a concrete policy agenda on how to strengthen growth performance and address globalisation, structural change and the shift to services.
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  • 133
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 191-194
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 9 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 191-194
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The statistical exercise covers an extensive range of indicators. At this stage of the data collection, most of the relevant information was collected on autonomous pension funds, the fund type for which most of the detailed information was provided. However, autonomous pension funds do not represent the totality of pension plans’ activities. It would thus be important to obtain additional information, in particular on book reserve systems and pension plans administered under the...
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  • 134
    ISBN: 9789264064942
    Language: Japanese
    Pages: Online-Ressource (55 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principes de gouvernement d'entreprise de l'OCDE 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Arabic version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD-Grundsätze der Corporate Governance 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principios de Gobierno Corporativo de la OCDE 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Os Princípios da OCDE sobre o Governo das Sociedades 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Slovenian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Serbian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Chinese version)
    RVK:
    Keywords: Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: OECDコーポレートガバナンス原則は、1999年の発行以来、有効なコーポレートガバナンスの国際的ベンチマークとして世界で認知されてきた。OECDコーポレートガバナンス原則は、OECD加盟国・非加盟国を問わず、政府、規制当局、投資家、企業など多様なステークホルダーに活用され、金融安定化フォーラムで健全な金融システムのための12の主要なコードのひとつに挙げられている。この改訂版は1999年以降のコーポレートガバナンスをとりまく状況の変化を反映し、いくつかの重要な修正を含んでいる。
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  • 135
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 69-113
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 50 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 1, p. 69-113
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The fixed nature of pension benefits under corporate defined benefit (DB) pension plans imply that plan sponsors face financial and potentially biometric risks. A large number of OECD countries have such DB pension schemes, whereby employees receive a specific payment upon retirement and for which sponsoring employers are responsible to some extent for meeting any shortfall in pension funding relative to liabilities, although, across countries, these schemes vary in importance. Recent financial market developments, including in particular the post-2000 equity market correction and declining interest rates have illustrated the vulnerability of DB plan sponsor companies to financial risks. While it is difficult to form a judgement about the exact magnitude of the funding gaps that have arisen, estimates of such gaps were considered to be of sufficiently large scale to raise concern amongst policymakers. Policy responses run the gamut from relief measures intended to lessen temporarily the financial pressures on sponsoring...
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  • 136
    ISBN: 9789264012394
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (198 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mesurer la mondialisation ; Indicateurs de l'OCDE sur la mondialisation économique 2005
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mesurer la mondialisation : Indicateurs de l'OCDE sur la mondialisation économique 2005
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: With over 250 graphs, Indicators of Economic Globalisation helps identify the economic activities of member countries that are under foreign control, and more particularly the contribution of multinational enterprises to growth, employment, productivity, labour compensation, research and development, technology diffusion and international trade. In so doing, it gauges the intensity and magnitude of the globalisation process, and sheds new light on financial, technological and trade interdependencies within OECD countries. This book includes Statlinks, URLs under the tables and graphs that link to spreadsheet files showing the underlying data.
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  • 137
    ISBN: 9789264006881
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (98 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement ; Roumanie 2005
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement : Roumanie 2005
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Romania
    Keywords: Investitionspolitik ; Auslandsinvestition ; Privatisierung ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Wettbewerbspolitik ; Rumänien ; Finance and Investment ; Romania ; Rumänien ; Direktinvestition ; Investitionspolitik
    Abstract: This comprehensive review of investment policy in Romania assesses the untapped growth potential for foreign investment in Romania, measures the significant progress recently made by Romania to improve its business environment, and identifies the most significant remaining policy challenges. This review was conducted by the OECD prior to inviting Romania to adhere to the OECD Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises.
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  • 138
    ISBN: 9789264009721
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ageing and employment policies: Australia
    Keywords: Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Australien ; Alternde Bevölkerung ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia ; Australien ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer ; Beschäftigungspolitik
    Abstract: Faced with rapid population ageing and unsustainable pension schemes, OECD countries are looking at ways to encourage labour market participation by older people. This book examines the the situation in Australia by looking at barriers to employment to older workers, assessing adequacy of measures to overcome these barriers, and making policy recommendations for improvement. This book is published in English only, but includes a French translation of the Executive Summary and Recommendations.
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  • 139
    ISBN: 9789264012998
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Mobilising private investment is recognised as a priority area for development so that poor countries are not left further behind. But reaping the maximum benefits of investment is not automatic. Policies matter too. A key challenge, therefore, is how to frame investment policies in a way that supports and reinforces economic development. In this respect, OECD Investment Committee co-operation activities with non-member economies aim to promote private investment, both foreign and domestic, and to create the policy environments needed to unleash the full benefits from investment, in terms of economic growth, poverty reduction and sustainable development. Investment for Development provides a record of the OECD Investment Committee's co-operation programmes with non-member economies and their results. These extensive co-operation activities are organised around three dimensions: global events, regional initiatives and dialogue with individual countries. This report documents how these initiatives help to strengthen implementation capacities and best practices among non-members, drawing on the broad applicability of the principles and expertise the OECD has developed in the area of international investment, including the positive contribution of responsible international business. Host countries are not alone in advancing this agenda. Home countries have a key role to play too. One example is the role of official development assistance in mobilising private investment. Investment for Development includes a report that identifies policy lessons and the analytical evidence that underpins them.
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  • 140
    ISBN: 9789264008878
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi/Ageing and Employment Policies ; France 2005
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi/Ageing and Employment Policies : France 2005
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sonnet, Anne Ageing and employment policies: France
    Keywords: Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Frankreich ; Alternde Bevölkerung ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; France ; Frankreich ; Älterer Mensch ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Soziale Sicherheit
    Abstract: In France, the proportion of persons aged 65 and over to the working-age population will double to 58% by 2050. Without policy changes, this could lead to higher public expenditures, labour force shortages, and slower economic growth. This report surveys of the main barriers to employment for older workers, assesses of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers and presents a set of policy recommendations for further action by the public authorities and social partners. It examines the balances between income support and work incentives, methods for encouraging employers to hire and retain workers, and policies for ensuring the employability of older workers. This report is published in English with a French translation of the Executive Summary and Recommendations.
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  • 141
    ISBN: 9789264011397
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (85 p.)
    Series Statement: Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Bulgaria
    Abstract: The OECD/EBRD Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment for Bulgaria presents an overall assessment of conditions for SMEs. It assesses the conditions regarding the institutional framework, the rule of law, tax policy, financial services availability, advistory services availability, business incubators, and access to education and technology.
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  • 142
    ISBN: 9789264011403
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104 p.)
    Series Statement: Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Croatia
    Abstract: The OECD/EBRD Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment for Croatia presents an overall assessment of conditions for SMEs. It assesses the conditions regarding the institutional framework, the rule of law, tax policy, financial services availability, advistory services availability, business incubators, and access to education and technology.
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  • 143
    ISBN: 9789264011144
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (95 p.)
    Series Statement: Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Romania
    Abstract: Government and its agencies have a fundamental lead role to play in providing an environment favourable to business operations and conducive to private investment. This is especially true for small business. In order to flourish and grow they need an environment that facilitates and enables business start-ups, does not hamper them with excessive and costly regulations, and facilitates access to finance and business services. In 2002, the OECD and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) launched the Enterprise Policy Performance Assessments (EPPAs) in the framework of the Investment Compact for South East Europe (SEE) Programme. The EPPAs consist of a series of reports covering all countries of South East Europe They assess the quality of government policy for the Small and Medium Enterprise sector, and regularly monitor its implementation. The 2004 edition of the EPPAs has been prepared by the OECD and the EBRD in close consultation with the European Commission. Synergies have been created between the EPPA and the European Union Charter for Small Business, covering seven policy dimensions: institutional framework; regulatory environment; tax policy; access to finance; advisory services; business incubators; and, entrepreneurship, vocational training and access to technology. This Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment report is presented as an independent and constructive contribution to the debate on enterprise policy in Romania, bringing forward the views of the small business sector and providing a set of priority actions and policy recommendations to the government and the small business community.
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  • 144
    ISBN: 9789264011380
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (115 p.)
    Series Statement: Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Abstract: The OECD/EBRD Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment for Bosnia and Herzegovina presents an overall assessment of the business environment for SMEs. It assesses the conditions regarding the institutional framework, the rule of law, tax policy, financial services availability, advisory services availability, business incubators, and access to education and technology.
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  • 145
    ISBN: 9789264108103
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (234 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mesurer la mondialisation ; Manuel de l'OCDE sur les indicateurs de la mondialisation économique
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Handbook on Economic Globalisation Indicators; (Polish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Handbook on Economic Globalisation Indicators; (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mesurer la mondialisation : Manuel de l'OCDE sur les indicateurs de la mondialisation économique
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Handbook on Economic Globalisation Indicators: (Polish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Handbook on Economic Globalisation Indicators: (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD handbook on economic globalisation indicators
    DDC: 337
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Globalisierung ; Messung ; Index ; Auslandsinvestition ; Multinationales Unternehmen ; Forschung ; Internationale Wirtschaft ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Indikator ; Globalisierung ; Außenhandel ; Direktinvestition ; Spitzentechnologie ; Indikator ; Internationalisierung ; Globalisierung ; Weltwirtschaft
    Abstract: This manual provides guidance on how to measure and interpret measurements of globalisation's extent and intensity. The manual defines concepts and puts forward guidelines for data collection and fine-tuning of globalisation indicators. In particular, it looks at indicators related to foreign direct investment, the economic activities of multinational enterprises, the internationalisation of technology, and trade globalisation.
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  • 146
    ISBN: 9789264032279
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (63 p)
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Private investment by Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)1 is a key generator of economic growth and social change in OECD member country economies. In most countries, over 90% of all enterprises are SMEs. It is now widely accepted that the contribution of SMEs to new jobs, exports, innovation and regional development is vital to national development. How to benefit from and maximise this contribution is a continuous challenge for all countries. This Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment seeks to help address that question for the Republic of Macedonia and highlights issues that require attention and priority action.
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  • 147
    ISBN: 9789264026186
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Compendium statistique 2004 de la science et de la technologie
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The S&T Statistical Compendium 2004 was prepared for the January 2004 meeting of the Committee for Scientific and Technological Policy (CSTP) at Ministerial level and mainly draws on databases, indicators and methodology developed by the CSTP’s Working Party of National Experts on Science and Technology Indicators (NESTI) Working Party, and compiled by the Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry (DSTI). It presents a wide selection of the most policy-relevant and internationally comparable indicators currently available in the field of science and technology. The document looks at the state of science and technology in the OECD across four broad dimensions:• Section A: Innovation and R&D.• Section B: Human Resources in Science and Technology (HRST).• Section C: Patents.• Section D: Other areas (ICT, globalisation, industrial structure).
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  • 148
    ISBN: 9789264065628
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (40 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Promoting Entrepreneurship and Innovative SMEs in a Global Economy
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Promouvoir l'entreprenariat et les PME innovantes dans une économie mondialisée
    Keywords: Industry and Services
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  • 149
    ISBN: 9789264065864
    Language: Italian
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guidelines for Protecting Consumers from Fraudulent and Deceptive Commercial Practices across Borders
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD-Leitlinien zum Schutz der Verbraucher vor grenzüberschreitenden betrügerischen und irreführenden Handelspraktiken
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Directrices de la OCDE para la Protección de los Consumidores de Prácticas Comerciales Transfronterizas Fraudulentas y Engañosas
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linhas directrizes que regem a protecção dos consumidores contra as práticas comerciais transfronteiriças fraudulentas e enganosas
    Keywords: Industry and Services
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  • 150
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Vienna : Federal Ministry of Social Security, Generations and Consumer Protection
    ISBN: 9789264065857
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (9 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guidelines for Protecting Consumers from Fraudulent and Deceptive Commercial Practices across Borders
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Directrices de la OCDE para la Protección de los Consumidores de Prácticas Comerciales Transfronterizas Fraudulentas y Engañosas
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Raccomandazione del Consiglio OCSE Concernente le Linee Guida Sulla Tutela dei Consumatori Contro le Pratiche Commerciali Transfrontaliere Fraudolente e Ingannevoli
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linhas directrizes que regem a protecção dos consumidores contra as práticas comerciais transfronteiriças fraudulentas e enganosas
    Keywords: Industry and Services
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  • 151
    ISBN: 9789264017474
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (93 p)
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: In October 2001, the Stability Pact and the OECD launched the Regulatory Governance Initiative (RGI) to strengthen the institutional, knowledge and process capacities for developing and implementing more efficient and effective regulation, supportive of sound and competitive markets. The RGI is one of the policy implementation initiatives under the Investment Compact (the South East Europe Compact for Reform, Investment, Integrity and Growth) of the Stability Pact. This report of the Regulatory Governance Initiative provides an assessment on the progress of regulatory governance reforms in South East Europe (SEE), and the remaining reform challenges. It includes the Governance Action Plans developed by the SEE countries. Short-term reform priorities identified by the countries provide the basis for the Agenda for Regional Action, an overview of main governance reform trends in the SEE region and recommendations for the successful implementation of reforms. The report responds to the decision, taken by the Ministers from South East Europe (SEE) at the meeting in Vienna in July 2003, to place major emphasis on reviewing progress in the area of governance at their 2004 Ministerial meeting. It aims to inform policy-makers, donors, investors and the international community of progress in regulatory governance reforms in South East Europe. Practitioners in the region can draw on this report as a guide for their work in the future.
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  • 152
    ISBN: 9789264015999
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principes de gouvernement d'entreprise de l'OCDE 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Arabic version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD-Grundsätze der Corporate Governance 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principios de Gobierno Corporativo de la OCDE 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 Edition (Japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Os Princípios da OCDE sobre o Governo das Sociedades 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Slovenian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Serbian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Chinese version)
    RVK:
    Keywords: Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Since they were issued in 1999, the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance have gained worldwide recognition as an international benchmark for good corporate governance. They are actively used by governments, regulators, investors, corporations and stakeholders in both OECD and non-OECD countries and have been adopted by the Financial Stability Forum as one of the Twelve Key Standards for Sound Financial Systems. This revised version takes into account developments since 1999 and includes several important amendments.
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  • 153
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 201-211
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 14 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 201-211
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The last few years have witnessed a number of large-scale disasters, both man-made, such as the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001, and natural, such as the tropical storm Allison in 2001 in the US, the extensive flooding in large parts of Europe in summer 2002, the May 2003 earthquake in Algeria or the appearance of previously unknown infectious diseases. Both the frequency of such disasters and the magnitude of losses involved have tended to increase. This evolution brought home to OECD governments the realisation that risks of very large disasters or “mega-risks” have the potential for inflicting considerable damage on the vital systems and infrastructures upon which our societies and economies depend...
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  • 154
    ISBN: 9789264064935
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (87 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principes de gouvernement d'entreprise de l'OCDE 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Arabic version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principios de Gobierno Corporativo de la OCDE 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 Edition (Japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Os Princípios da OCDE sobre o Governo das Sociedades 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Slovenian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Serbian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Chinese version)
    RVK:
    Keywords: Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Die OECD-Grundsätze der Corporate Governance wurden 1999 vom Rat der OECD auf Ministerebene gebilligt und sind seitdem zu einer internationalen Richtschnur für politische Entscheidungsträger, Investoren, Unternehmen und sonstige interessierte Gruppen in aller Welt geworden. Sie haben die Corporate-Goverance-Agenda vorangebracht und liefern präzise Orientierungshilfen für Gesetzes- und Regulierungsinitiativen in OECD-Mitglieds- wie auch Nichtmitgliedsländern. Das Forum für Finanzmarktstabilität hat die Grundsätze in den Katalog der zwölf Kernstandards für solide Finanzsysteme aufgenommen. Die Grundsätze bilden ferner die Ausgangsbasis eines umfassenden Programms der Zusammenarbeit zwischen OECD- und Nicht-OECD-Ländern und dienen als Grundlage für das Corporate-Governance-Modul der Weltbank/IWF-Berichte über die Einhaltung von Standards und Kodizes (Reports on the Observance of Standards and Codes ROSC).
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  • 155
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 85-120
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 38 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 85-120
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Over the next decades, OECD countries will experience a significant ageing of their populations. Changes in the age structure of populations affect the economy’s saving behaviour, including the level of saving and the choices of saving vehicles. During the 1990s, financial markets in general and equity markets in particular may have benefited from large inflows into pension funds and other institutionalised forms of saving. These inflows reflected to a considerable extent saving for retirement by baby boom generations. These baby boom generations are expected to start to move into retirement after 2010. Almost as a natural corollary to the developments during the 1990s, some observers have argued that when baby boomers start entering retirement they will become net sellers of financial assets to finance retirement consumption...
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  • 156
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 7-60
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 56 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 7-60
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Background; Equity markets; Bond markets and interest rates; Foreign exchange markets; Emerging economies; Enlargement of the European Union...
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  • 157
    ISBN: 9789264020207
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Catastrophes de grande ampleur ; les leçons du passé
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Catastrophes de grande ampleur : les leçons du passé
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics
    Abstract: The September 11th terrorist attacks, the Chernobyl nuclear accident, Hurricane Andrew and the Kobe earthquake are all recent examples of large-scale disasters that have taken a massive toll in human lives, wealth and property. They have disrupted vital systems such as transport and energy supplies and spilled over into neighbouring as well as distant regions. They have also generated widespread anxiety, and in some cases created deep-seated public mistrust of governments' ability to protect their citizens. This book is based on a report prepared between May and July 2003 by a multi-disciplinary team of experts from inside and outside of the OECD. It examines the economic and social impacts of past large-scale disasters, and draws a number of key lessons for the future. Its focus is on better prevention of disasters, and on restoring trust and securing recovery in their aftermath.
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  • 158
    Language: English
    Pages: 41 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2004/03
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La norme du traitement juste et équitable dans le droit international des investissements
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The obligation to provide “fair and equitable treatment” is often stated, together with other standards, as part of the protection due to foreign direct investment by host countries. It is an “absolute”, “non-contingent” standard of treatment, i.e. a standard that states the treatment to be accorded in terms whose exact meaning has to be determined, by reference to specific circumstances of application, as opposed to the “relative” standards embodied in “national treatment” and “most favoured nation” principles which define the required treatment by reference to the treatment accorded to other investment1. Although some references to the standard can be found in the first negotiating attempts of multilateral trade and investment instruments, it became established as a principle mainly through the increasing network of bilateral investment treaties. The obligation of the parties to investment agreements to provide to each other’s investments “fair and equitable treatment” ...
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  • 159
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 61-81
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 61-81
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The past few years were characterised by an economic downturn, a substantial stock market correction from March 2000 to March 2003, financial asset deterioration, record corporate default rates, the Argentina sovereign default and several natural and man-made catastrophes, including most notably the September 11 attacks. Against this background, the present note looks at the performance of financial groups during this period. The recent decade has seen the formation of an increasing number of such groups, although some have argued that, ex post, the benefits associated with the formation of such groups may have been smaller than initially thought. The note concludes that financial groups have been quite resilient in the face of these various shocks, which is reflected in their equity market valuations...
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  • 160
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 133-198
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 68 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 133-198
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: A reoccurring motif in pension literature and policy is the search for “benefit security” – that is, assurance to members of a pension regime that, at the end of the working career, they will get some reasonably predictable outcome, either as a pension (benefit stream) or a lump sum. The purpose of this note is to present a simple “thought experiment” to explore this matter and how market mechanisms might be brought more to bear...
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  • 161
    ISBN: 9789264103214
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (274 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Entrepreneurship and Local Economic Development; Programme and Policy Recommendations
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'entreprenariat et le développement économique local ; Quels programmes et quelles politiques ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Entrepreneurship and Local Economic Development; Programme and Policy Recommendations (Turkish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Entrepreneurship and Local Economic Development: Programme and Policy Recommendations
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'entreprenariat et le développement économique local : Quels programmes et quelles politiques ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Entrepreneurship and Local Economic Development: Programme and Policy Recommendations (Turkish version)
    Keywords: Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: En los países miembros de la OCDE resulta sorprendente el espectro, número y crecimiento de los programas de apoyo para la iniciativa empresarial y la microempresa. Buena parte del interés de política por fomentar la iniciativa empresarial se refleja en la convicción de que la creación de nuevas empresas contribuirá a facilitar el logro de importantes objetivos económicos y sociales. El aumento en el ritmo de creación de empresas es hoy una inquietud casi universal para las autoridades locales, al igual que para los gobiernos centrales que desean combatir la marginación económica local. Sin embargo, a pesar del amplio interés de política, pocos estudios han analizado sistemáticamente la relación entre la creación de nuevas empresas y el desarrollo económico local. Esta publicación analiza las principales rutas a través de las cuales la creación de empresas y su desarrollo puede tener un impacto sobre las economías locales. Así, se analiza la evidencia empírica acerca de la relación entre la iniciativa empresarial y las economías locales. Asimismo, se demuestra que aunque la creación de empresas puede resultar un componente crucial para el desarrollo económico local, el fomento de la iniciativa empresarial no constituye una panacea para el desarrollo. Por ello, se discuten a profundidad una serie de limitaciones potenciales de las estrategias orientadas hacia la iniciativa empresarial y cómo estas limitaciones pueden contrarrestarse. Este libro presenta detalladas recomendaciones de política tanto en el ámbito gubernamental local como nacional. Las recomendaciones se relacionan con tres ámbitos temáticos: estrategia, financiamiento y diseño de programas. Se espera que estos lineamientos sean de utilidad para los gobiernos centrales y locales en el diseño y la puesta en marcha de programas y estrategias eficaces en términos de costos. En este sentido, la presente publicación describe los tipos de investigación que deben llevarse a cabo para lograr un mejor entendimiento de los temas clave de política.
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  • 162
    ISBN: 9789264065840
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (22 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guidelines for Protecting Consumers from Fraudulent and Deceptive Commercial Practices across Borders
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD-Leitlinien zum Schutz der Verbraucher vor grenzüberschreitenden betrügerischen und irreführenden Handelspraktiken
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Raccomandazione del Consiglio OCSE Concernente le Linee Guida Sulla Tutela dei Consumatori Contro le Pratiche Commerciali Transfrontaliere Fraudolente e Ingannevoli
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linhas directrizes que regem a protecção dos consumidores contra as práticas comerciais transfronteiriças fraudulentas e enganosas
    Keywords: Industry and Services
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  • 163
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 201-211
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 14 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2004, no. 1, p. 201-211
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Following the end of the “Cold War”, the OECD has, since the early 1990s, been conducting “Outreach” activities (i.e. cooperation including technical assistance activities with non-Member economies), first with the Central and Eastern European countries in transition and now extending to many economies especially in Asia...
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  • 164
    ISBN: 9789264032248
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (73 p)
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Abstract: Private investment by Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)1 is a key generator of economic growth and social change in OECD member country economies. In most countries, over 90% of all enterprises are SMEs. It is now widely accepted that the contribution of SMEs to new jobs, exports, innovation and regional development is vital to national development. How to benefit from and maximise this contribution is a continuous challenge for all countries. This Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment seeks to help address that question for Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) and highlights issues that require attention and priority action.
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  • 165
    Language: English
    Pages: 26 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2004/02
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le traitement de la nation la plus favorisée dans le droit international des investissements
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Bilateral and regional investment agreements have proliferated in the last decade and new ones are still being negotiated. Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN) clauses link investment agreements by ensuring that the parties to one treaty provide treatment no less favourable than the treatment they provide under other treaties in areas covered by the clause. MFN clauses have thus become a significant instrument of economic liberalisation in the investment area. Moreover, by giving the investors of all the parties benefiting from a country’s MFN clause the right, in similar circumstances, to treatment no less favourable than a country’s closest or most influential partners can negotiate on the matters the clause covers, MFN avoids economic distortions that would occur through more selective country-by-country liberalisation. Such a treatment may result from the implementation of treaties, legislative or administrative acts of the country and also by mere practice ...
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  • 166
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2004/04
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L' "expropriation indirecte" et le "droit de réglementer" dans le droit international de l'investissement
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: It is a well recognised rule in international law that the property of aliens cannot be taken, whether for public purposes or not, without adequate compensation. Two decades ago, the disputes before the courts and the discussions in academic literature focused mainly on the standard of compensation and measuring of expropriated value. The divergent views of the developed and developing countries raised issues regarding the formation and evolution of customary law. Today, the more positive attitude of countries around the world toward foreign investment and the proliferation of bilateral treaties and other investment agreements requiring prompt, adequate and effective compensation for expropriation of foreign investments have largely deprived that debate of practical significance for foreign investors. Disputes on direct expropriation – mainly related to nationalisation that marked the 70s and 80s -- have been replaced by disputes related to foreign investment regulation ...
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  • 167
    ISBN: 9789264030886
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (65 p)
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Albania
    Abstract: Private investment by Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)1 is a key generator of economic growth and social change in OECD member country economies. In most countries, over 90% of all enterprises are SMEs. It is now widely accepted that the contribution of SMEs to new jobs, exports, innovation and regional development is vital to national development. How to benefit from and maximise this contribution is a continuous challenge for all countries. This Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment seeks to help address that question for Albania and highlights issues that require attention and priority action.
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  • 168
    ISBN: 9789264105102
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement ; le bassin des Carai͏̈bes2004 ; Costa Rica, République dominicaine et Jamai͏̈que
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement : le bassin des Carai͏̈bes2004 : Costa Rica, République dominicaine et Jamai͏̈que
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Costa Rica ; Dominican Republic ; Jamaica
    Abstract: The Caribbean Rim Investment Initiative (CRII) promotes a co-operative approach between countries of Central America and the Caribbean, the OECD and other international organisations with the objective of enhancing investment opportunities. This book, which contains the reports for Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic and Jamaica, is a roadmap for developing and implementing the agenda for investment policy reform. It is for policy makers, researchers, and private sector stakeholders in the region.
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  • 169
    ISBN: 9789264018518
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (110 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement ; Fédération de Russie 2004 ; Progrès et enjeux de la réforme
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement : Fédération de Russie 2004 : Progrès et enjeux de la réforme
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Russian Federation
    Keywords: Investitionspolitik ; Auslandsinvestition ; Kapitalflucht ; Korruption ; Russland ; Finance and Investment ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Direktinvestition
    Abstract: The 2004 Investment Policy Review of the Russian Federation evaluates the progress made since the publication of OECD's 2001 study on this topic. The report finds that Russia has made significant improvements in its business environment and has signed investment and double taxation treaties with a number of countries. Nevertheless, the Russian Federation has attracted relatively little FDI and has experienced large-scale capital flight. The report recommends further reforms that are needed.
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  • 170
    ISBN: 9789264065871
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: Online-Ressource (11 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guidelines for Protecting Consumers from Fraudulent and Deceptive Commercial Practices across Borders
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD-Leitlinien zum Schutz der Verbraucher vor grenzüberschreitenden betrügerischen und irreführenden Handelspraktiken
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Directrices de la OCDE para la Protección de los Consumidores de Prácticas Comerciales Transfronterizas Fraudulentas y Engañosas
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Raccomandazione del Consiglio OCSE Concernente le Linee Guida Sulla Tutela dei Consumatori Contro le Pratiche Commerciali Transfrontaliere Fraudolente e Ingannevoli
    Keywords: Industry and Services
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  • 171
    ISBN: 9789264016231
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: This report, part of a series covering around 20 OECD countries, contains a survey of the UK's main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers, and a set of policy recommendations to further action by public authorities and social partners. These recommendations are designed to alleviate some of the pension and health care pressures governments are facing because of ageing populations.
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  • 172
    ISBN: 9789264032286
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (53 p)
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Montenegro
    Abstract: Private investment by Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)1 is a key generator of economic growth and social change in OECD member country economies. In most countries world-wide over 90% of all enterprises are SMEs. It is now widely accepted that the contribution of SMEs to new jobs, exports, innovation, competitiveness and regional development is vital to national development. How to benefit from and maximise this contribution is a continuous challenge for all countries. It is a particular challenge for countries undertaking the transition to full market economies. This Enterprise Policy Performance Assessment seeks to help address that question for Montenegro and highlights issues that require attention and priority action.
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  • 173
    ISBN: 9789264108059
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (69 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Revision 2000
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les Principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales ; Révision 2000
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Revision 2000
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les Principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales : Révision 2000
    Keywords: Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Die OECD-Leitsätze für multinationale Unternehmen sind neben den ILO-Kernarbeitsnormen und dem UN Global Compact weltweit das wichtigste Instrument zur Förderung von verantwortungsvoller Unternehmensführung. Für Unternehmen bieten sie einen Verhaltenskodex bei Auslandsinvestitionen und für die Zusammenarbeit mit ausländischen Zulieferern. Die Leitsätze beschreiben, was von Unternehmen bei ihren weltweiten Aktivitäten im Umgang mit Gewerkschaften, im Umweltschutz, bei der Korruptionsbekämpfung oder der Wahrung von Verbraucherinteressen erwartet wird.
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  • 174
    ISBN: 9789264106222
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development
    Abstract: This annual report presents comprehensive statistics on the gross external debt of 171 developing countries and countries in transition. The 2003 edition has been enhanced with additional series providing more detailed breakdowns of categories of debt and time series data going back to end 1998. These figures are compiled by the OECD, largely on the basis of creditor sources. All figures are shown in US dollars. The External Debt Statistics database is included in OECD's International Development Statistics CD-ROM, and is available on line via www.OECD-iLibrary.org
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  • 175
    ISBN: 9789264101821
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Series Statement: Series on Chemical Accidents
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guiding Principles for Chemical Accident Prevention, Preparedness and Response; (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principes directeurs de l'OCDE pour la prévention, la préparation et l'intervention en matière d'accidents chimiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guiding Principles for Chemical Accident Prevention, Preparedness and Response: (Chinese version)
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: This second comprehensive edition of these Principles is to help public authorities, industry and communities worldwide anticipate accidents involving hazardous substances resulting from technological and natural disasters, as well as sabotage. It addresses the following issues: preventing the occurrence of chemical accidents and near-misses; preparing for accidents through emergency planning, public communication, etc.; responding to accidents and minimising their adverse effects; and following-up to accidents, regarding clean-up, reporting and investigation.
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  • 176
    ISBN: 9789264101975
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement ; Chine 2003 ; Progrès et enjeux de la réforme
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement : Chine 2003 : Progrès et enjeux de la réforme
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: China has become one of the world's leading destinations for foreign direct investment (FDI) since the Chinese government opted to reform the economy and open it to foreign trade and investment. Inflows of FDI, which accelerated at the time of China's accession to the WTO in 2001, have been an important factor in promoting rapid economic growth and technological progress. However, there remains substantial potential for a greater inflow of long-term, high-technology, high-value-added FDI from OECD countries. This study records and evaluates the development so far of an enabling environment for FDI and suggests policy options designed to improve it further. Foreign investors were initially attracted to China by cheap land and labour, the promise of a large market and, to some extent, by fiscal incentives. To sustain and increase large-scale FDI inflows, it is now necessary to move towards a more strongly rules-based attraction strategy, based on structural elements which will include a sound legal system, transparent laws and regulations, streamlined investment approval procedures, good corporate governance, effective competition policy and a sound financial system.
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  • 177
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2003/02
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'approche des entreprises dans la lutte contre les pratiques entachées de corruption
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The international business community’s anti-corruption efforts are essential parts of broader systems for fighting corrupt business practices. These also include formal law enforcement, where an appropriate regulatory framework is already in place, and regulatory and other public sector reform, where it is not. This paper looks at anti-corruption material published on the websites of companies in UNCTAD’s list of top 100 non-financial multinational enterprises. It seeks to understand these companies’ views of corrupt business practices as well as their anti-corruption management and reporting practices. The paper answers the following questions: How many of the top 100 non-financial multinational enterprises make public statements on corruption on their websites? Forty three of the top 100 non-financial multinational enterprises present anti-corruption material on their websites. This is low relative to earlier studies of the top 100 companies’ propensity to make public ...
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  • 178
    ISBN: 9789264010352
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Codes of Liberalisation of Capital Movements and of Current Invisible Operations; User's Guide
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Codes de l'OCDE de la libération des mouvements de capitaux et des opérations invisibles courantes ; Guide de référence
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Codes of Liberalisation of Capital Movements and of Current Invisible Operations: User's Guide
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Codes de l'OCDE de la libération des mouvements de capitaux et des opérations invisibles courantes : Guide de référence
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Seit ihrer Gründung im Jahre 1961 gehört es zu den Aufgaben der Organisation für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung (OECD), ihre Mitgliedstaaten dabei zu unterstützen, die Freizügigkeit des internationalen Waren- und Dienstleistungsverkehrssowie die schrittweise Liberalisierung des Kapitalverkehrs zu fördern. Dieses Ziel, das im Übereinkommen über die OECD niedergelegt ist, findet im Hinblick auf Dienstleistungen und Kapitalverkehr seinen konkreten Ausdruck im Kodex der Liberalisierung des Kapitalverkehrs einerseits und im Kodex der Liberalisierung der laufenden unsichtbaren Operationen andererseits.Dieser Benutzerleitfaden ist dazu gedacht, zu einem besseren Verständnis der Grundsätze und Verfahren der OECD-Kodizes beizutragen. Er erläutert ferner ausführlichden Geltungsbereich der Kodizes und kann somit deren Benutzern als Orientierungshilfedienen.
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  • 179
    ISBN: 9789264199798
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'entreprenariat et le développement économique local ; Quels programmes et quelles politiques ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Iniciativa empresarial y desarrollo económico local ; recomendaciones para la aplicación de programas y políticas
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Entrepreneurship and Local Economic Development; Programme and Policy Recommendations (Turkish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'entreprenariat et le développement économique local : Quels programmes et quelles politiques ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Iniciativa empresarial y desarrollo económico local : recomendaciones para la aplicación de programas y políticas
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Entrepreneurship and Local Economic Development: Programme and Policy Recommendations (Turkish version)
    Keywords: Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Few studies have systematically examined the relationship between the creation of new firms and local economic development -- yet it is a universal concern for central and local governments wishing to combat localised economic distress. This book examines the principal routes through which enterprise creation can have a positive impact on local economies. Recommendations cover three thematic areas: strategy, finance and programme design. The book is for investment agencies, entrepreneurs seeking to invest locally and economists in the corporate sector. "Overall, this is an excellent overview of the key issues concerning entrepreneurship and local economic development. While primarily aimed at the pragmatic policymakers, who will find it extremely valuable, it also has the rigor and breadth to interest researchers and students." Ronald McQuaidEmployment Research InstituteNapier University, Edinburgh, UKJOURNAL OF REGIONAL SCIENCE, VOL. 44, NO. 3, 2004
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  • 180
    ISBN: 9789264103573
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD-Leitlinien zum Schutz der Verbraucher vor grenzüberschreitenden betrügerischen und irreführenden Handelspraktiken
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Directrices de la OCDE para la Protección de los Consumidores de Prácticas Comerciales Transfronterizas Fraudulentas y Engañosas
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Raccomandazione del Consiglio OCSE Concernente le Linee Guida Sulla Tutela dei Consumatori Contro le Pratiche Commerciali Transfrontaliere Fraudolente e Ingannevoli
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linhas directrizes que regem a protecção dos consumidores contra as práticas comerciais transfronteiriças fraudulentas e enganosas
    Keywords: Industry and Services
    Abstract: Cross-border trade and the Internet bring substantial benefits to businesses and consumers alike, but also pose new challenges to the collective ability of governments to protect consumers from fraudulent and deceptive commercial practices. Such practices undermine the integrity of markets to the detriment of all businesses and consumers. These Guidelines establish a common framework to enable OECD member countries to better combat fraudulent and deceptive cross-border commercial practices through closer, faster, and more efficient co-operation among their consumer protection agencies.
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  • 181
    ISBN: 9789264100176
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Rentabilité des banques ; Notes méthodologiques par pays Edition 2002
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Rentabilité des banques : Notes méthodologiques par pays Edition 2002
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics
    Abstract: This publication complements Bank Profitability: Financial Statements of Banks. The notes included in this volume were prepared to facilitate the comprehension and the interpretation of the statistics and to provide a brief description of the activities of banks in each country.
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  • 182
    ISBN: 9789264033979
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (67 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les Principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales ; Révision 2000
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Die OECD-Leitsätze für multinationale Unternehmen; Neufassung 2000
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les Principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales : Révision 2000
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Die OECD-Leitsätze für multinationale Unternehmen: Neufassung 2000
    Keywords: Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The revised OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises were adopted by the governments of the 30 Member countries of the OECD and Argentina, Brazil and Chile on the occasion of the OECD's annual Council meeting at Ministerial level in Paris on 27 June 2000. This booklet comprises the revised text and commentary, implementation procedures and the Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises.
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  • 183
    ISBN: 9789264019119
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (216 p.)
    Series Statement: Series on Chemical Accidents
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Document d'orientation de l'OCDE sur les indicateurs de performance en matière de sécurité ; Document d'accompagnement des Principes directeurs de l'OCDE pour la prévention, la préparation et l'intervention en matière d'accidents chimiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guidance on Safety Performance Indicators; A Companion to the OECD Guiding Principles for Chemical Accident Prevention, Preparedness and Response (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Document d'orientation de l'OCDE sur les indicateurs de performance en matière de sécurité : Document d'accompagnement des Principes directeurs de l'OCDE pour la prévention, la préparation et l'intervention en matière d'accidents chimiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guidance on Safety Performance Indicators: A Companion to the OECD Guiding Principles for Chemical Accident Prevention, Preparedness and Response (Chinese version)
    Keywords: Environment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Guidance on Safety Performance Indicators provides a systemic approach to measuring the success of stakeholders' chemical safety programmes by detailing targets, activity indicators and outcome indicators. It also provides flexibility for groups to design programmes to assess their own performance related to the prevention of, preparedness for, and response to chemical accidents. The SPI (Safety Performance Indicators) serves as a guide to help industry, authorities and communities measure the extent to which actions help improve chemical safety.
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  • 184
    ISBN: 9789264033955
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (27 p)
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Between 2000 and 2001, foreign direct investment (FDI) flows into and out of OECD countries recorded their largest drop in recent decades. Total inflows in the OECD area fell from US dollars (USD) 1.27 trillion to USD 566 billion, or a decline of around 56 per cent. While firm data are not fully available for non-OECD countries, early indications suggest that their share of global FDI increased slightly in 2001, owing to a less sharp decline in inflows. On current estimates, the total 2001 outflows from OECD countries amounted to USD 593 billion, with the OECD area acting as a net exporter of USD 27 billion worth of FDI in 2001 as compared with USD 12 billion in 2000. ...
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  • 185
    ISBN: 9789264196308
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (35 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La taille des marchés publics
    Keywords: Industry and Services
    Abstract: Governments are significant purchasers of goods and services and these markets represent huge opportunities for international trade. This document presents a synthesis of the analytical studies on the quantification of the size of government procurement markets and proposes a series of estimates of procurement markets for over 130 individual countries. The world total government procurement is estimated to amount to $5550 billion in 1998, which is equivalent to 82.3% of the world merchandise and commercial services exports in 1998. The world value of government procurement that is potentially opened up to international trade is estimated at $2083 billion, which is equivalent to 7.1% of the world Gross Domestic Product (GDP) or 30.1% of the world merchandise and commercial services exports. Detailed estimates of government procurement markets are proposed for OECD countries, including estimates of procurement broken down by government levels, types of expenditure (consumption versus investment) and contestable shares. Informed knowledge about the size of government procurement markets and in particular the shares of national markets that are potentially opened up to intenational competition is relevant for the business community, government and trade negotiators.
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  • 186
    ISBN: 9789264176089
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement ; Israe͏̈l 2002
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement : Israe͏̈l 2002
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Israel
    Abstract: OECD's review of Israel's investment policy. It finds that the Israeli economy has been progressively transformed from an underdeveloped agrarian economy to one which is technologically advanced and services-based. Trade liberalisation, along with the abolition of exchange controls, the adoption of modern corporate governance rules and intellectual property protection enhancement have led to the establishment of an enabling, transparent and non-discriminatory environment for domestic and foreign investment. The beneficial effects of Israel’s FDI policies are enhanced by a focus on high-tech industries and a wide network of international commitments. However, particular attention needs to be given to reducing market access restrictions or distortions resulting from past heavy government involvement. Further progress may in fact largely depend on the acceleration of the privatisation process, the dismantling of monopolies and a less interventionist approach to business activity.
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  • 187
    Language: English
    Pages: 36 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2002/01
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les entreprises multinationales dans des situations de conflits violents et de violations généralisées des droits de l'homme
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: In response to enquiries about foreign investment in Myanmar, the Committee for International Investment and Multinational Enterprises (CIME) asked the Secretariat to prepare a paper, under the responsibility of the latter, that would provide background information to interested parties. This paper was not only to shed light on business activity in Myanmar, but also to consider the broader challenges of conducting business responsibly in countries characterised by civil strife and extensive human rights violations. The present paper responds to this request and focuses on issues that are of particular relevance to extractive industries. This sector’s share of global investment is quite small, but its significance for particular host societies is large and the underlying issues for corporate responsibility affect the welfare of millions of people. While not ignoring the problems that have arisen in connection with multinational enterprise activity in troubled host countries, this ...
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  • 188
    ISBN: 9789264095939
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (414 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: This publication presents detailed data on the role played by multinationals in the OECD economies. This year's edition also includes data on the activity of affiliates of national firms abroad (outward investment). Volume I provides data for the manufacturing sector covering 18 variables including production, employment, investment, research and trade. Part I presents the main findings and highlights trends for each of the variables displayed by foreign multinationals and domestic firms in total manufacturing industry, leading sectors as well as a detailed geographical breakdown. Part II provides basic data and shows the share of each sector controlled by foreign multinationals for the available industrial variables. Data sources and definitions are also provided. Data are provided from the early to mid 90s onwards and are presented in national currencies.
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  • 189
    ISBN: 9789264096387
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (292 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: This publication presents detailed data on the role played by multinationals in the OECD economies. This year’s edition also includes data on the activity of affiliates of national firms abroad (outward investment). Volume I provides data for the manufacturing sector covering 18 variables including production, employment, investment, research and trade. Part I presents the main findings and highlights trends for each of the variables displayed by foreign multinationals and domestic firms in total manufacturing industry, leading sectors as well as a detailed geographical breakdown. Part II provides basic data and shows the share of each sector controlled by foreign multinationals for the available industrial variables. Data sources and definitions are also provided. Published for the first time, Volume II presents data for services. Five variables are covered: employment, turnover, value added, exports and imports. These data provide a measure of the impact of foreign direct investment on the economies of the OECD countries. From this standpoint, they provide a vital backup for data on direct investment flows.
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  • 190
    Language: English
    Pages: 15 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2002/02
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The expanding geographical sweep of supply chains reflects important advances in the area of logistics management. Some of these advances are linked to progress in computing, telecommunications and robotics technologies as well as to the accumulation of management expertise. Managers have integrated new technologies into their production and distribution processes and have explored new ways of running their core businesses and of managing relations with business partners. As a result, the organisation of companies has evolved -- strategic alliances and closer relations with suppliers and contractors have tended to blur the boundaries of the enterprise. This restructuring has been accompanied by new ways of looking at and organising the roles and responsibilities of various actors in supply chains -- sourcing and supplying firms, business service providers and policy makers. The greater sophistication in the management of supply chains is part of the long-standing process in which...
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  • 191
    ISBN: 9789264175969
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Ukraine
    Abstract: This progress report builds on the results of the inaugural meeting of the OECD-Ukraine Forum on Investment and Enterprise Development, held in Kiev on 21-22 February 2002. It comprises the report prepared by the Ukrainian Government, the OECD assessment, the business perspectives, and presentations by national and international practitioners and experts. A broad set of issues are addressed, ranging from the general economic situation to achievements and difficulties in the fields of taxation, privatisation, financial sector and banking. The report also reflects the discussion on further steps in OECD-Ukraine co-operation, and outlines the activities of other international organisations and bilateral donors in support of the reform process. The progress report provides a record of the reforms under way and the ongoing debate on the reform process in Ukraine -- a country with strong economic potential but which has yet to be perceived as an attractive destination for foreign direct investment.
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  • 192
    ISBN: 9789264482234
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Institutional Investors in Latin America
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development
    Abstract: Cuál es el estado actual del desarrollo de los inversionistas institucionales en América Latina? Cómo se pueden beneficiar los países de América Latina de la experiencia de países de la OECD para diseñar políticas que ayuden a fomentar el papel de los inversionistas institucionales? Cuáles son los requisitos necesarios en infraestructura financiera y en el marco regulador para asegurar el crecimiento y el buen funcionamiento del sector institucional en América Latina? Estas y otras cuestiones similares fueron abordadas durante el taller en Santiago de Chile sobre “Inversionistas Institucionales en América Latina”, organizado en Septiembre de 1999 por la OECD y la Comisión de la Unión Europea, en cooperación con el gobierno chileno. Este conjunto de textos puede constituir una obra de referencia sobre la inversión institucional para supervisores del sector financiero institucional, expertos del sector público, participantes del sector privado, y académicos de las economías de mercados emergentes y de los países de la OECD. El Centro para la Cooperación con Países No Miembro (CCNM) promueve y coordina el diálogo político y la cooperación con las economías ubicadas fuera del área OCDE.
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  • 193
    ISBN: 9789264194892
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (73 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Foreign Direct Investment
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE sur l'investissement direct étranger ; Lituanie 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE sur l'investissement direct étranger : Lituanie 2001
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Lithuania
    Abstract: OECD's review of Lithuania foreign direct investment policies. It finds that since regaining its independence in 1990, Lithuania has undergone a remarkable economic transformation. By the end of 2000, this process had been greatly stimulated by the inflow of some US$2.3 billion in foreign direct investment. FDI has contributed to green-field investment, mergers and acquisitions, as well as the privatisation of state-owned-enterprises. Creating favourable conditions for FDI has been a core element of Lithuania’s economic strategy, and relatively few restrictions to FDI now remain. FDI has also been encouraged by the prospect of EU membership, as well as Lithuania's accession to the World Trade Organisation on 31 May 2001. Among the remaining challenges are an early completion of privatisations, pursuance of liberalisation, and foreign competition for trade and investment. Top priority is being given to solving implementation problems resulting from the revamping of the old regulatory regime. On 26 July 2001, Lithuania became eligible for adherence to the OECD Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises. This will help to consolidate Lithuania's achievements and expand its economic relations with OECD countries and other adherents to the Declaration.
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  • 194
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2001/02
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: In the ongoing public debate on globalisation, concerns have been expressed about the economic, social and environmental impacts of deepening international trade and investment ties and about the activities of the multinational enterprises. These concerns focus on a variety of issues including labour relations, human rights, environment, corruption, control of technology and consumer protection. The high profile of this debate means that most multinational enterprises now pay close attention to public perceptions of their activities in the societies in which they operate. Globalisation has also brought with it additional management challenges for firms in area that has come to be called “legal compliance”. Multinational enterprise are often present in dozens of jurisdictions covering many legal and regulatory areas. These companies need to keep themselves informed about the regulations affecting them and must take steps to ensure that they comply with law and regulation. Compliance ...
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  • 195
    Language: English
    Pages: 19 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2001/04
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Government involvement in “voluntary” initiatives for corporate responsibility has been extensive. This chapter reviews four main types of involvement -- legal and regulatory incentives, tax expenditures on the NGO sector, contributions to compliance expertise and moral suasion. The most influential government measures have been closely co-ordinated with broader public strategy, especially in relation to regulatory reform. Many of the private initiatives studied here are closely related to the legal and regulatory environments from which they emerge. Indeed, in some instances, these initiatives are so clearly a response to legal and regulatory incentives, that they could almost be called the extension or reflection into private management practices of public law and regulation. As a result, it is often difficult to analyse the impact or effectiveness of these initiatives independently of the legal and regulatory framework from which they emerge -- the two form an interdependent ...
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  • 196
    ISBN: 9789264194953
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (62 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Foreign Direct Investment
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE sur l'investissement direct étranger ; Estonie 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE sur l'investissement direct étranger : Estonie 2001
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Estonia
    Abstract: OECD's review of foreign direct investment policy in Estonia. It finds that since regaining its independence in 1991, Estonia has undergone a remarkable economic transformation. By the end of 2000, it had received some US$2.65 billion in foreign direct investment (FDI), principally from European countries and the United States, and invested some US$443 million in the other Baltic countries. FDI has financed green-field investment, mergers and acquisitions, as well as the privatisation of state-owned-enterprises. Creating favourable conditions for FDI and openness to foreign trade have been key elements of Estonia’s economic strategy. Estonia has been included in the first wave of accession of new Members to the European Union and it joined the World Trade Organisation in 2000. The revamping of the old regime and privatisation are practically complete, and special attention is being given to reducing bureaucracy and regulation further. Very few restrictions to FDI remain. Estonia now faces the challenge of keeping up with the competition and catching up with the richer nations. On 26 July 2001, Estonia became eligible for adherence to the OECD Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises. This will help to consolidate Estonia's recent achievements and further expand its economic relations with OECD countries and other adherents to the Declaration.
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  • 197
    Language: English
    Pages: 19 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2001/03
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Many companies have implemented programmes that help them to respond to societal concerns about the economic, social and environmental impacts of their activities. These help them to manage their compliance with legal or regulatory requirements and their response to “softer” forms of social control of business. These voluntary initiatives by companies have included public statements -- codes of conduct --in which they commit to behavioural norms in a variety of areas of business ethics (e.g. environment, anti-corruption, etc.). Some companies have backed these up with management systems designed to help them respect their commitments. Indeed, codes of conduct often represent just the first step in a process of improving management processes in support of legal and ethical compliance. Subsequent steps include the implementation of systems of management control designed to promote compliance. These systems typically employ a range of tools including accounting and record keeping ...
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  • 198
    ISBN: 9789264061460
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (72 p.) , ill.
    DDC: 338.947
    Keywords: Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Infrastructure sectors -- particularly railroads, telecommunications, electricity and natural gas -- are vital in providing necessities of life to the Russian Federation’s citizens and key inputs into the rest of the economy. A top priority of the current government in Russia is to reform the infrastructure sectors, specifically in such sectors as rail transport and electric power, to create an efficient and effective regulatory regime that supports the creation of competition where possible and provides more effective protection to consumers in those spheres where competition is not possible. This book compiles the proceedings of four meetings held at the request of the Minister for Antimonopoly Policy of the Russian Federation, on the reform of railroads, telecommunications, electricity and natural gas, during December 2000-September 2001. This review is part of the OECD's ongoing co-operation with non-Member economies around the world.
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  • 199
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2001/06
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Based on a slight extension of the inventory of 233 codes of corporate conduct collected for an earlier study (TD/TC/WP(98)74/FINAL), this paper takes a more in-depth look at the contents of the codes with respect to issue coverage and code implementation procedures. The main findings of this investigation of 246 voluntary codes of conduct are: The codes examined differ considerably in terms of their content and degree of detail. This reflects the underlying diversity of the organisations issuing the codes, which differ in terms of size, sector and regional affiliation. All the firms subscribing to the codes covered in this study are based in the OECD (most of the 29 member OECD countries are covered in the inventory). The firms operate in a variety of sectors including high technology, mass retailing, heavy manufacturing, light manufacturing, primary production and financial services. Some codes in the inventory are issued by business associations and others by NGOs. The codes ...
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  • 200
    Language: English
    Pages: 30 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2001/01
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Voluntary initiatives in the area of corporate responsibility have been among the major trends in international business in recent years. Business surveys show that most large OECD-based multinational enterprises have participated in this trend in one way or another. These initiatives involve, first, the issuance of codes of corporate conduct setting forth commitments in such areas as labour relations, environmental management, human rights, consumer protection, disclosure and fighting corruption. These codes are often backed up by management systems that help firms respect their commitments in their dayto- day operations. More recent developments include work on management, reporting and auditing standards and of the emergence of supporting institutions (e.g. professional societies, consulting and auditing services). This paper analyses the results of a fact-finding project on business approaches to corporate responsibility ...
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