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  • Technology: general issues  (1,077)
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  • 1
    ISBN: 9781003435648 , 9781032564623 , 9781032564616
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (324 p.)
    Keywords: Civil engineering, surveying & building ; Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Smart and Resilient Infrastructure For Emerging Economies: Perspectives on Building Better is about pressing and multidimensional challenges faced in constructing resilient, sustainable, and smart infrastructure in developing countries. The 32 case studies, literature reviews, comparative analyses and systematic reviews, cover a wide range of topics, including: sustainable and resilient infrastructure development smart cities digital innovation in construction infrastructure investment construction ergonomics socio-environmental sustainability gender equity, and climate change responses The contributions present innovative solutions, impactful insights, and substantive contributions to the discourse on sustainable infrastructure development, and illuminate the interplay between infrastructure development, social justice, environmental sustainability, and technological advancement. Smart and Resilient Infrastructure For Emerging Economies: Perspectives on Building Better is essential reading for academics, researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and students involved in the built environment, infrastructure delivery, investment in infrastructure, civil engineering, architecture, urban planning, environmental science, and other related disciplines
    Note: English
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9783036567839 , 9783036567822
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This Reprint Book provides recent studies addressing encapsulation systems for active compounds (e.g., drugs and food ingredients) to improve the quality of life around the world. The content may be helpful for the colleagues and students working on encapsulation of active compounds
    Note: English
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036566993 , 9783036566986
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Abstract: This Special Issue includes 10 contributions centered on aquatic plants (and charophytes) in inland waters, with different approaches: floristic contributions and new reports of interesting or rare species, ecological studies on the use of macrophytes to characterize rivers and ponds, a genetic study to assess the diversity of an aquatic species within and among populations, the importance of herbaria in the study of a species, and finally a couple of interesting reviews on the use of hydrophytes and charophytes in wetland restoration
    Note: English
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036566467 , 9783036566474
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (340 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This Special Issue explores empirical studies of emotional mechanisms, qualitative and quantitative measurements of emotion, the recognition of emotional contexts, and the application of emotion. We introduce fourteen papers, ranging from lab-based studies aimed at understanding emotional mechanisms to applying emotion recognition in the real world (e.g., in driving, games, education, and virtual avatars). This Special Issue explores empirical studies of emotional mechanisms, qualitative and quantitative measurements of emotion, the recognition of emotional contexts, and the application of emotion. We introduce fourteen papers, ranging from lab-based studies aimed at understanding emotional mechanisms to applying emotion recognition in the real world (e.g., in driving, games, education, and virtual avatars)
    Note: English
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564791 , 9783036564807
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (308 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint presents proceedings resulting from the IX Iberian Congress of Ichthyology held in Porto, Portugal from 20th to 23rd June 2022. Published conference abstracts, presented as oral or poster communications, have been previously approved by the scientific conference committee and the original research content was double peer-reviewed. Overall, the reprint focuses on fundamental and applied ichthyological research developed mainly in the Iberian Peninsula
    Note: English
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  • 6
    Online Resource
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036567297 , 9783036567280
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint contains 14 articles on various aspects of many-body physics. Most of the articles are devoted to different phenomena in Bose–Einstein condensate (M.R. Pathak and A. Nath; M.H. Figlioli Donato and S.R. Muniz ; B. Halder with coauthors; O.E. Alon).L. Madeira and V.S. Bagnato discuss the route of an out-of-equilibrium system to its thermalized state. M.R. Singh discusses the many-body interactions in plasmonic nanohybrids. M. Pudlak and R. Nazmitdinov analyze electron transport through a one-dimensional quantum ring, subject to Rashba spin–orbit interaction in the presence of external fields. R. Friedberg and J.T. Manassah report computer investigations on the duration memory for storage for an isolated atom. M.C. Pagnacco with coauthors describe the crazy-clock phenomenon. V.I. Yukalov and E.P. Yukalova consider materials with nanoscale phase separation. E.M. Anitas investigates materials with fractal-like geometry. L. Madeira with coauthors address the topic of quantum turbulence. K. Ziegler discusses how the employment of the diagonal elements of the time correlation matrix can be used to probe closed quantum systems that are measured at random times. L. Salasnich analyzes the collective dynamics of electrons in graphene positioned between the two slabs
    Note: English
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564937 , 9783036564944
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Chemical engineering
    Abstract: Nowadays, Forestry has become an important field for the Environmental and Earth sciences due to its importance in global systems. While forest recreation focuses on forests as the main destination for public recreational activities, landscape protection refers to the conservation and restoration of natural beauty. Urban and peri-urban forests have become a place for the recreational activities of people living in big cities. They provide benefits to the quality of life. Landscape protection is also important, not only for scientific and ecological reasons but also for social and cultural ones. This reprint presents different contributions by the authors dealing with recent scientific research on forestry, recreational activities, landscape management, ecosystem services, etc., in different areas of the world
    Note: English
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9783036569512 , 9783036569505
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Mechanical engineering & materials
    Abstract: This reprint is based on “Antimicrobial resistance and anti-biofilms” in the journal Antibiotics since November of 2020. This reprint has one editorial article, eight research articles, one review article, and one case report article, covering a time period of 15 months from December of 2021 to February of 2023. Containing three major sub-topics in this reprint, four manuscripts regarding the prevalence of resistant microbes, the emergence and evolution of resistance, and the molecular investigation of resistance mechanisms fall into the first sub-topic as “Antimicrobial resistance in microorganisms: epidemiology and molecular mechanism”; three manuscripts fall into the second sub-topic as “New antibiofilm strategy against fungal and/or bacterial biofilms”; and three manuscripts regarding the production and characteristics of these functional material encapsulated/ delivered natural compounds, in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial and antivirulent effects, and their potential applications, such as in food and medicine, fall into the third sub-topic as “Influence of Functional Material-Based Encapsulation/Delivery on the Antimicrobial and Antivirulent Effects of Natural Compounds”. Articles contained in this reprint have provided comprehensive knowledge and insight in understanding of antimicrobial resistance epidemiology and molecular mechanism and new antibiofilm strategies
    Note: English
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  • 9
    Online Resource
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564753 , 9783036564760
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Fresh fruit and vegetables are considered as essential components of a healthy human diet, due to their pleasant taste and rich nutrients. However, fruits and vegetables are characterized by production seasonality, regionality, and perishability, which greatly affect the acceptance of consumers and increase the challenges of their post-harvest storage and preservation. A plurality of preservation technologies, including chemical treatment (calcium chloride, 1-methylcyclopropene, salicylic acid, etc.), physical methods (low-temperature conditioning, controlled atmosphere storage, ultraviolet-C irradiation, etc.), and biotechnology (such as genetic engineering technology) have been applied to maintain storage quality and to extend the storage life of fresh fruit and vegetables in recent years. Developing advanced preservation techniques to prolong the storage life of fruit and vegetables is of importance for improving social and economic benefits. Therefore, we invited authors to contribute original research articles and review articles focused on the innovative preservation technology of fresh produce, addressing storage problems, such as post-harvest quality deterioration caused by senescence, physiological disorders, and disease, to extend the shelf-life of fresh produce and reduce post-harvest loss
    Note: English
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  • 10
    Online Resource
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564814 , 9783036564821
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Abstract: We invite you to read the Special Issue on innovation for sustainable business. It is a collection of 7 articles published in a Special Issue of Sustainability MDPI in 2021-2022. Many of the articles in this reprint are related to leadership. In the context of sustainable development, issues such as dynamic capabilities, CSR, succession management and innovative projects were addressed. Sustainable innovation is also considered from other perspectives. One of them is the topic of introducing sustainable innovations to new ventures. In addition, drivers and impacts of eco-innovation were also examined. There was also research in the area of ​​live commerce, which includes the perspective of consumer behavior
    Note: English
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  • 11
    Online Resource
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036565774 , 9783036565767
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (330 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint addresses the unique opportunities and challenges associated with human–computer interaction with intelligent systems. First, state-of-the-art reviews are presented about speech emotions, automatic spelling correction, and art usage in virtual reality. We encouraged authors to submit reports describing systems built for different languages and multilingual systems. The linguistic, emotional, prosodic, and dialogue aspects of speech communication are investigated. Special attention is given to sentiment and emotional analysis from text and speech. Speech audiometry, offline speech recognition, and text-independent speaker verification systems are elaborated. The rapidly growing domain of virtual reality applications is of interest both as an application domain in which new interfaces and interaction methods are needed and as a potential testbed for evaluating speech and other interface modalities
    Note: English
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  • 12
    Online Resource
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036565033 , 9783036565040
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (276 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Abstract: Electronic cigarettes (ECs) have been present on the consumer market for over a decade, and the number of related scientific publications in the PubMed database has now exceeded seven thousand. Despite the number of publications, there is still no consensus in the scientific community regarding their safety. However, it should be emphasized that a comparison of equivalent quantities of tobacco smoke and the aerosol produced from e-cigarettes showed that there was a significantly lower quantity of toxic compounds in the aerosol compared with the tobacco smoke. Therefore, the use of ECs could be seen as a way of reducing the health damage to cigarette smokers who cannot or are unwilling to quit using conventional methods. In addition, randomized studies are emerging suggesting that ECs could be useful in smoking cessation. On the other hand, ECs are now widely used among adolescents and may pose a serious risk of future nicotine dependence and health problems in this population, as they counteract their advantages in the population gained from smokers who quit using them. Therefore, as most authors stress, further research that will convincingly resolve the current controversies is needed. Clinicians urgently need evidence-based knowledge to better inform their patients about the use of these emerging tobacco products as a harm-reduction strategy, and regulators should regulate these products in ways that best serve public health, especially taking the youth population into account
    Note: English
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  • 13
    Online Resource
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036568225 , 9783036568232
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are rRNA N-glycosylases isolated mainly from plants that catalyze the hydrolysis of the N-glycosidic bond of a specific adenosine in the sarcin-ricin loop (SRL) of the major ribosomal RNA. Because the SRL is crucial for anchoring translation elongation factors, RIPs cause inactivation of ribosomes. They have been classified into two types based on the presence (type 2 RIPs) or absence (type 1 RIPs) of a lectin chain that can turn type 2 RIPs into potent toxins, such as ricin or abrin. The biological role of these proteins is unknown, but they are thought to be a defense mechanism of some plants against pathogens and predators. Because of their enzymatic action, RIPs show several biological activities, among which antiviral, antifungal and antiproliferative activities stand out. The most promising application of RIPs is their use as a component of immunotoxins, in which RIPs are linked to antibodies that mediate their binding and internalization by malignant cells. In agriculture, RIPs have been shown to increase resistance against viruses, fungi and insects in transgenic plants. The studies collected in this book provide the reader with an overview of the most current and interesting lines of research in the field of RIPs and their applications in medicine and agriculture. Thus, the reprint includes the isolation and biological properties of some new RIPs, both type 1 and type 2, the mechanisms of toxicity of previously described RIPs and two extensive reviews, one on the antiviral activity of RIPs and the other on the strategies used to improve their pharmacological properties
    Note: English
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  • 14
    Online Resource
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036567310 , 9783036567303
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (298 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: The book is a reprint of a Special Issue with the same title published online in the chemical journal Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049) within the section of Medicinal Chemistry. It was edited by academic guest editors from September 2020 to April 2022. In total, it includes eighteen research/review articles including the editorial
    Note: English
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9783036563688 , 9783036563695
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (572 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: In the last few years, huge amounts of progress have been made regarding remote sensing in the field of computer vision. This success and progress is mostly due to the effectiveness of deep learning (DL) algorithms. In addition, the remote sensing community has shifted its attention to DL, and DL algorithms have been used to achieve significant success in many image analysis tasks. However, with regard to remote sensing, a number of challenges caused by difficulties in data acquisition and annotation have not been fully solved yet. This reprint is a collection of novel developments in the field of remote sensing using computer vision, deep learning, and artificial intelligence. The articles published involve fundamental theoretical analyses as well as those demonstrating their application to real-world problems
    Note: English
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9783036567563 , 9783036567570
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Abstract: This volume comprises the first collection of papers submitted by the Editorial Board Members (EBMs) of the journal Mathematical and Computational Applications (MCA), as well as outstanding scholars working in the core research fields of MCA. This collection typifies the most insightful and influential original articles regarding key topics in these fields
    Note: English
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  • 17
    Online Resource
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036568942 , 9783036568959
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: The global financial crisis plunged the global economy into a great recession. Many central banks responded with unconventional monetary policies such as quantitative easing, negative policy rates, and forward guidance to calm down financial markets. The COVID-19 pandemic led the global economy, financial markets, and central banks to face even more severe problems. Central banks set up further asset purchase programmes to complement existing unconventional monetary policy measures that have already been in place to help the economy to absorb the COVID-19 shock. The new crisis has increased the importance of preserving financial stability through the international cooperation of central banks around the globe. Managing the expectations of market participants plays a crucial role in the context of financial stability. Therefore, the aim of this Special Issue is to disseminate important empirical and theoretical research questions concerning the connection between monetary policy and international financial markets and to stimulate discussion among academics and policymakers. A special focus is devoted to emerging and developing economies. The Special Issue covers several different articles on a variety of topics from the fields of monetary policy and international financial markets. The contributions address research questions on exchange rates, cryptocurrencies, stock markets, the connection between money supply and inflation after the COVID-19 pandemic, the role of commodity price shocks for banking system stability in developing countries, global liquidity effects, the twin deficit, and the Taylor rule
    Note: English
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9783036566825 , 9783036566832
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Abstract: Energy is an important material basis that can promote the development of human society. Despite the increasing use of renewable energy, the overall energy supply is dominated by fossil fuels. For a long period of time, the main consumption proportion of fossil energy will not change. With the perspective of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, natural gas, shale oil, shale gas, and combustible ice, energy exploration, reservoir reconstruction, and intelligent applications in energy exploitation and energy occurrence geology are currently explored from the perspectives of exploration and exploitation technology. This reprint summarizes the intelligent unmanned mining and its development trends and conducts various research studies, including the stratigraphic correlation of sandy conglomerate in the Yellow River Delta Sag of the Bohai Bay basin, the growth and distribution of coal-measured hydrocarbon source rocks in a mixed platform, the physical and mechanical properties of sandstone, mudstone and granite in the geological environment of deep energy reservoirs, the formation mechanism of energy reservoirs and gas reservoirs, the two-phase flow experiment and numerical simulation in energy mining, the evolution law of cracks in the surrounding rock and the reinforcement principle of gradient support, and the comparison of particle pickup by axial flow and swirling flow in horizontal pneumatic conveying
    Note: English
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9783036566641 , 9783036566658
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (488 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Polymer-processing techniques are of the utmost importance for producing polymeric parts. They must produce parts with the desired qualities, which are usually related to mechanical performance, dimensional conformity, and appearance. Aiming to maximize the overall efficiency of the polymer-processing techniques, advanced modeling codes along with experimental measurements are needed to simulate and optimize the processes. Thus, this reprint exploits the digital transformation of the plastics industry, both through the creation of more robust and accurate modeling tools and the development of cutting-edge experimental techniques. Furthermore, it addresses advanced topics, such as crystallization during the solidification processes, prediction of fiber orientation in the cases of short and long fiber composites, prediction of the foaming process (such as microcellular foaming), and flow instabilities by including viscoelastic constitutive equations
    Note: English
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  • 20
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036566580 , 9783036566597
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Abstract: Marine ecosystems encompass a wide variety of invertebrates, including pelagic and benthonic ones, from intertidal to deep-sea habitats in polar and tropical regions. In addition to their high environmental importance, some marine invertebrates also have great economic value. However, despite all of the research that has been conducted so far, much still remains to be learned about these animals. This Special Issue collects articles providing new and relevant information about some marine invertebrates, namely, echinoderms, crustaceans, placozoans, molluscs and annelids. In these articles, a variety of research methods were applied in order to progress our understanding of these marine animals, including light and electron microscopy, liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, flow cytometry, and cell and tissue cultures
    Note: English
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  • 21
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036563985 , 9783036563992
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (440 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Safety and sustainability are becoming ever bigger challenges for the mining industry with the increasing depth of mining. It is of great significance to reduce the disaster risk of mining accidents, enhance the safety of mining operations, and improve the efficiency and sustainability of development of mineral resource. This book provides a platform to present new research and recent advances in the safety and sustainability of mining. More specifically, Mining Safety and Sustainability presents recent theoretical and experimental studies with a focus on: safety mining, green mining, sustainable development, risk management of mines, mining methods and technologies, damage monitoring and prediction. It will be further helpful to provide theoretical support and technical support for guiding the normative, green, safe and sustainable development of the mining industry
    Note: English
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9783036566115 , 9783036566108
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (298 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Mechanical engineering & materials
    Abstract: This Special Issue includes manuscripts on mechanistic understanding, development, and implementation of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for the removal of contaminants of emerging concern in water and wastewater treatment. The main goal was successfully achieved under the joint effort of authors, anonymous reviewers, and editorial managers. In total, one review and 15 research papers are included in the Special Issue. These are mainly focused on catalyst synthesis, reactor design, treatment performance, kinetic modeling, reaction mechanisms, and by-product formation during electrochemical, photocatalytic, plasma, persulfate, chlorine, ozone-based, and Fenton-related AOPs at different scales. This Special Issue has received attention from researchers from different parts of the world such as Argentina, Brazil, Canada, China, Germany, India, Mexico, and the USA. The guest editors are happy to see that all papers presented are innovative and meaningful, and hope that this Special Issue can promote mechanistic understanding and engineering applications of AOPs for the removal of contaminants of emerging concern in water
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  • 23
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036567761 , 9783036567778
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (294 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This Special Issue “Innovative Conservation Cropping Systems and Practices” is focused on the development and assessment of innovative conservation cropping systems and practices in determining system productivity and enhancing crop production and soil quality. It covers applied engineering for achieving a sustainable balance between productivity, environmental, and profitability factors, presenting a collection of research articles that cover a broad range of cropping systems and practices from the farmland ecosystem
    Note: English
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  • 24
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036565354 , 9783036565361
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (320 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on electroencephalography (EEG) signal processing in biomedical engineering applications. EEG signals are used widely in clinical and research settings to provide cognitive and emotional state information. In addition to capturing complex neural patterns at high speeds, EEG signals are a reliable and non-invasive way of measuring the electrical activity in the brain. By examining various novel analysis and signal processing methods, this collection of papers provides a better understanding of cognitive states and brain activity
    Note: English
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  • 25
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036565798 , 9783036565781
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (232 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint compiles several studies on radiation interactions with biomolecules. The fragmentation induced by slow electron and electron scattering processes are described, and the induced processes by UV radiation are characterised. The present Special Issue offers complementary studies on radiation induced by photons and electrons in biological (and related) target molecules. The present collection provides important insights on radiation physics and chemistry and the advances in knowledge in these areas
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  • 26
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562452 , 9783036562469
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (288 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: We are pleased to present a Special Issue of Languages on the topic of Sign Language Emergence. Sign languages are the only extant languages that can be caught in the act of being born and developing with no model, and they, therefore, offer the only empirical evidence for language emergence in human societies. We have brought together a collection of articles on emerging sign languages that contribute a great deal to our current understanding of this process.This Special Issue covers eleven different emerging sign languages around the world. The articles deal with several aspects of language emergence, including, most notably: (1) the relationship between the emerging language and the culture of the larger society; (2) the role of iconicity in the emergence of sign language; (3) the relationship between the shared context in a small signing community and the degree of variation in the vocabulary; and (4) the vulnerability of budding sign languages. Spoken creole languages are also young, but are different from emerging sign languages, in that the speakers of pidgins from which creoles are assumed to have descended already had native languages. One article compares the features of creoles and of emerging sign languages.We are especially pleased with the diversity and breadth of interests of the contributors to the volume, who are based on four continents. The languages that they cover are equally diverse in their geographical provenance
    Note: English
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9783036568768 , 9783036568775
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (314 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Energy industries & utilities
    Abstract: The pressure upon natural resources and the increasing awareness of the necessary transformation of the global food system are driving the quest of both academia and industry towards more sustainable approaches. Sustainability in the agro-food sector begins with the valorization of food industry waste and side streams, products with an extremely high intrinsic value but often discarded because unfit for further processing that meet consumers expectations. Apart from their use as feed, a more practical solution responding to the modern vision of circular economy must be sought. Indeed, several processes can guarantee that the potential of food industry by-products is fully unleashed, generating high-value ingredients while ensuring nutritional quality. In this framework, this Special Issue included the most recent advances in the valorization of food by-product (of both animal and plant origin), from extraction to bioprocessing, including their application in a variety of food-related industries throughout the entire food supply chain
    Note: English
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9783036576466 , 9783036576473
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (450 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This topic has been successfully completed. A total of 180 scientific articles were sent, of which 66 have been accepted for publication. These 66 articles are published in reprint
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  • 29
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036563893 , 9783036563886
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (190 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint is the compilation of the articles submitted in the Special Issue entitled “Metallic or Metallic Oxide (Photo)catalysts for Environmental Applications” from the journal Catalysts, which gives an overview of the latest advances in the development of metallic or metallic oxide (photo)catalytic materials, with environmental applications for the elimination of organic pollutants or the valorization of biomass
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  • 30
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036561028 , 9783036561011
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (280 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Abstract: This reprint details some of the latest developments and the science of durum wheat products outlining the latest research in durum milling innovations, role of durum wheat oil and wheat germ in product stability, available rheological methods to assess semolina, role of processing variables on pasta quality and drying behavior of bulgur. The impact of functional food design on human health and some examples where pasta glycaemic index has been surveyed and products made using waste streams, such as brown algae, tiger nut flour, carrot waste, and other approached to new durum product design such as high amylose durum wheat and soft durum wheat
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    ISBN: 9783036564623 , 9783036564630
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Over the last few decades, the field of fault diagnostics and structural health management has been experiencing rapid developments. The reliability, availability, and safety of engineering systems can be significantly improved by implementing multifaceted strategies of in situ diagnostics and prognostics. With the development of intelligence algorithms, smart sensors, and advanced data collection and modeling techniques, this challenging research area has been receiving ever-increasing attention in both fundamental research and engineering applications. This has been strongly supported by the extensive applications ranging from aerospace, automotive, transport, manufacturing, and processing industries to defense and infrastructure industries
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9783036563282 , 9783036563299
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (348 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on a number of timely and challenging issues in areas that support the design, implementation, and experimental testing of single and multiple autonomous air, land, and marine robots. Special emphasis is placed on the methods and techniques employed for motion planning and control that are rooted in solid theoretical concepts. Applications are also addressed in the area of advanced manipulator control. The reprint affords the reader a well-balanced presentation of a wide spectrum of topics that include, but are not limited to, the generation of optimal collision-free trajectories for heterogeneous vehicles working collaboratively or independently, the rapid adaptation of manipulator trajectories to task perturbations, the automatic collision avoidance for surface vessels, the path following controllers for marine and ground robots, the large-scale swarm counterattack strategies, and the optimal actuator configuration design for over-actuated underwater robots
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  • 33
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564708 , 9783036564715
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (352 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: The Special Issue “Future Trends in Advanced Materials and Processes” contains original high-quality research papers and comprehensive reviews addressing the relevant state-of-the-art topics in the area of materials focusing on relevant or innovative applications such as radiological hazard evaluations of non-metallic materials, composite materials' characterization, geopolymers, metallic biomaterials, etc
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9783036563466 , 9783036563473
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (404 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This Special Issue contains selected papers from works presented at the 11th EASN (European Aeronautics Science Network) International Conference on Innovation in Aviation & Space, which was held from the 1st until the 3rd of September 2021. About 420 remote participants contributed to a high-level scientific gathering providing some of the latest research results on the topic, as well as some of the latest relevant technological advancements. Nineteen interesting papers, which cover a wide range of topics including characterization, analysis and design, as well as numerical simulation, are contained in this Special Issue
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  • 35
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036563824 , 9783036563831
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (386 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on the application of the combination of synthetic aperture radars and depth learning technology. It aims to further promote the development of SAR image intelligent interpretation technology. A synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is an important active microwave imaging sensor, whose all-day and all-weather working capacity give it an important place in the remote sensing community. Since the United States launched the first SAR satellite, SAR has received much attention in the remote sensing community, e.g., in geological exploration, topographic mapping, disaster forecast, and traffic monitoring. It is valuable and meaningful, therefore, to study SAR-based remote sensing applications. In recent years, deep learning represented by convolution neural networks has promoted significant progress in the computer vision community, e.g., in face recognition, the driverless field and Internet of things (IoT). Deep learning can enable computational models with multiple processing layers to learn data representations with multiple-level abstractions. This can greatly improve the performance of various applications. This reprint provides a platform for researchers to handle the above significant challenges and present their innovative and cutting-edge research results when applying deep learning to SAR in various manuscript types, e.g., articles, letters, reviews and technical reports
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564890 , 9783036564906
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (92 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: The reprint is devoted to the phenomena associated with exact or approximate axial symmetry in different areas of technical physics and mechanical engineering science. How can the symmetry of the problem be used most efficiently for its analysis? Why is the symmetry broken or why is it still approximately retained? These and other questions are discussed based on systems from different fields of engineering
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036563411 , 9783036563404
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Abstract: The Special Issue consists of 13 submitted papers. We acknowledge all authors for their contributions. We recognize that interest in the topics is expanding and are confident that the findings are beneficial to our readers
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  • 38
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036565873 , 9783036565866
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: This book covers a broad range of subjects, from smart nanoparticles and polymer nanocomposite synthesis and the study of their fundamental properties to the fabrication and characterization of devices and emerging technologies with smart nanoparticles and polymer integration
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  • 39
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036561875 , 9783036561882
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (458 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint compiles the articles, communications, and review articles from top researchers describing novel or new cutting-edge designs, developments, and/or applications of unmanned vehicles. This reprint encompasses the key topics related to drone design, communications as well as autonomous Flight and Navigation. Special attention is paid to the drones’ applications to environmental and earth sciences, including in agriculture, forestry, water, and marine environments; other innovative applications are also explored including in relation to the field of application, such as the inclusion of new deep learning techniques
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  • 40
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036560700 , 9783036560694
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (270 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Laser-based additive manufacturing (LAM) is a revolutionary advanced digital manufacturing technology developed in recent decades, which is also a key strategic technology for technological innovation and industrial sustainability. This technology unlocks the design and constraints of traditional manufacturing and meets the needs of complex geometry fabrication and high-performance part fabrication. A deeper understanding of the design, materials, processes, structures, properties and applications is desired to produce novel functional devices, as well as defect-free structurally sound and reliable LAM parts.The topics in this Special Issue reprint include macro- and micro-scale additive manufacturing with lasers, such as structure/material design, fabrication, modeling and simulation, in situ characterization of additive manufacturing processes and ex situ materials characterization and performance, with an overview that covers various applications in aerospace, biomedicine, optics and energy.In this Special Issue reprint, papers on different subjects were published after the high-quality reviewing process, with a total of 17 contributions (1 editorial, 2 review papers and 14 original research papers) and times viewed being over 13K (as of Nov 15 2022). Six articles were selected as Editor’s Choice, and one article was selected as the Issue Cover (Volume 13, Issue 8)
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562896 , 9783036562902
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint features 12 research articles that contribute to the research on lubricated bearings. The articles focus on the latest steps in understanding bearing operating behavior, its interaction with lubricants, and its role as a component in the drive train. In addition to the description of novel modeling approaches, a variety of experimental data are presented to provide interesting identification results as well as validation data for the research and engineering community
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  • 42
    ISBN: 9783036562575 , 9783036562582
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on wear and fatigue analysis, the dynamic properties of coating surfaces in transmission systems, and non-destructive condition monitoring for the health management of transmission systems. Transmission systems play a vital role in various types of industrial structure, including wind turbines, vehicles, mining and material-handling equipment, offshore vessels, and aircrafts. Surface wear is an inevitable phenomenon during the service life of transmission systems (such as on gearboxes, bearings, and shafts), and wear propagation can reduce the durability of the contact coating surface. As a result, the performance of the transmission system can degrade significantly, which can cause sudden shutdown of the whole system and lead to unexpected economic loss and accidents. Therefore, to ensure adequate health management of the transmission system, it is necessary to investigate the friction, vibration, and dynamic properties of its contact coating surface and monitor its operating conditions
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  • 43
    ISBN: 9783036563350 , 9783036563343
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Additive manufacturing (AM), as an advanced manufacturing technology, has overturned the traditional concept of subtractive manufacturing. It has revolutionized advanced integrated structural design, high-performance material preparation, and the manufacturing of complex components. AM technology is changing the way products are developed, produced, and commercialized, leading to disruptive changes in the economy and society. AM technology has received extensive attention and research from the research community since its inception, and it is leading manufacturing technology and continues to be used with great effectiveness in the aerospace industry, automotive industry, medical plant applications, and many other fields. However, the development of additive manufacturing still faces demanding technical challenges; for example, due to insufficient process planning and inadequate process control, many defects are often observed in the products of AM processes, reducing production efficiency and deteriorating product quality. To promote AM technology toward high efficiency, high precision, high performance, and low cost in a green and intelligent direction, many advanced design and manufacturing technologies are in urgent need of further breakthroughs, such as numerical and analytical models for structural design, experimental methods, performance prediction, and process optimization
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9783036562438 , 9783036562445
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (354 p.)
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Technology: general issues
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on the effective removal of organic and inorganic pollutants from water and wastewater using unique freestanding polymeric-based methods. It also examines innovative green methods for efficiently reusing various solid waste products. In addition, several new eco-friendly hybrid materials are being reviewed in order to alleviate the problem of water pollution in novel, rapid, and efficient methods
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562087 , 9783036562070
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (276 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: This Special Issue aimed to cover the new developments in the synthesis and characterization of magnetic nanoconstructs ranging from conventional metal oxide nanoparticles to novel molecule-based or hybrid multifunctional nano-objects. At the same time, the focus was on the potential of these novel magnetic nanoconstructs in several possible applications, e.g. sensing, energy storage, and nanomedicine
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  • 46
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036563039 , 9783036563046
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint is comprised of eleven articles that are screened by our hard-working peer reviewers. It mainly focuses on the recent advances in electric motors and drives, to adapt to the ongoing trends of electrification in both transportation and industry. New structural motors, such as the axial flux machine and the multi-phase machine, are introduced because of their enhanced reliability for use in next-generation electrified transportation. Special attention is also given to the micro PM motor, which has a broad use in many areas. In addition, advanced control techniques, such as position sensorless control and fault-tolerant control, are also incorporated to fulfill the demand for safe crucial applications, and the modeling of the bearing voltage and a line-start permanent magnet motor can be of particular interest to the industrial sectors. Through this reprint, we hope to provide a new perspective for the readers to manage their encountered problems, as well as stimulate innovative ideas for the electrified transportation of the next generation
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  • 47
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036563954 , 9783036563947
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (440 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Industry & industrial studies
    Abstract: This reprint includes 22 research papers and an editorial, collected from the Special Issue "Modelling, Monitoring, Control and Optimization for Complex Industrial Processes", highlighting recent research advances and emerging research directions in complex industrial processes. This reprint aims to promote the research field and benefit the readers from both academic communities and industrial sectors
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  • 48
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036535371 , 9783036535388
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (350 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: The aim of this Special Issue is to gather recent advances and development in target tracking techniques to determine how they can be adapted for modern radar and sonar systems. After peer review, 17 articles in related areas have been accepted for publishing in this Special Issue. The published articles cover a range of topics and applications central to target tracking. There are eight papers about general multi-target tracking, including the topics of joint tracking and classification [3], adaptive estimation using clutter measurement probability [6], joint localization and tracking [7], extended target tracking [8], tracking with smoothing [11], DOA tracking [12], tracking under low detection probability [14], and sonar tracking and interception [17]. Three papers address multi-sensor multi-target tracking methods. Specifically, a multi-target estimating method for pulsed radar systems is proposed in [2], a joint dwell time and bandwidth optimization method in a radar network is proposed in [4], a and multiple marine ship tracking method with unknown backgrounds is presented in [9]. There are 2 papers [10,15] on the problem of target assignment in multi-sensor multi-target tracking. Moreover, Mallick et al. considered measures of nonlinearity of a polynomial curve in two dimensions [1], Zhao et al. explored the use of calibration targets for which the positions are known to the MPR system, to counter the loss in target localization accuracy arising from transmitter/receiver position errors [13], and Li et al. proposed an algorithm to apply the frequency diversity technique to passive azimuth estimation in [16]
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  • 49
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564272 , 9783036564265
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (374 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: In the last few decades, various composite gels have been developed. In recent years, further advances have been made in the development of novel composite gels with potential applications in various fields. This reprint offers the latest findings of composite gels by experts throughout the world
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564159 , 9783036564142
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (332 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint is a printed edition of the Special Issue on Maritime Autonomous Vessels that was published in the Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. It contains an editorial and 17 peer-reviewed research studies in the field of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS), Unmanned Surface Vessels (USVs), Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs), and underwater gliders, to name a few. The main goal of this reprint is to address key challenges, thereby promoting research on marine autonomous ships. There are many topics on autonomous vessels involved in this reprint, for instance, automatic control, manoeuvrability, collision avoidance, ship target identification, motion planning, and buckling analysis
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036563626 , 9783036563633
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on forged steels as an interesting material family, both from a scientific and commercial point of view, due to their many applications. Despite their diffusion as a consolidated material, many research fields are actively employing new applications. At the same time, innovations are arising from the manufacturing process of such materials, including the possibility to manufacture them from metal powders suitable for 3D printing. This reprint embraces the interdisciplinary work covering physical metallurgy and processing, reporting the experimental and theoretical progress concerning microstructural evolution during processing, and microstructure–properties relations
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564456 , 9783036564449
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (182 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Energy industries & utilities
    Abstract: Research on radiation tolerant electronics has increased rapidly over the last few years, resulting in many interesting approaches to model radiation effects and design radiation hardened integrated circuits and embedded systems. This research is strongly driven by the growing need for radiation hardened electronics for space applications, high-energy physics experiments such as those on the large hadron collider at CERN, and many terrestrial nuclear applications, including nuclear energy and safety management. With the progressive scaling of integrated circuit technologies and the growing complexity of electronic systems, their ionizing radiation susceptibility has raised many exciting challenges, which are expected to drive research in the coming decade.After the success of the first Special Issue on Radiation Tolerant Electronics, the current Special Issue features thirteen articles highlighting recent breakthroughs in radiation tolerant integrated circuit design, fault tolerance in FPGAs, radiation effects in semiconductor materials and advanced IC technologies and modelling of radiation effects
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036561851 , 9783036561868
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint focusses on achieving low-power computation using memristive devices. The topic was designed as a convenient reference point: it contains a mix of techniques starting from the fundamental manufacturing of memristive devices all the way to applications such as physically unclonable functions, and also covers perspectives on, e.g., in-memory computing, which is inextricably linked with emerging memory devices such as memristors. Finally, the reprint contains a few articles representing how other communities (from typical CMOS design to photonics) are fighting on their own fronts in the quest towards low-power computation, as a comparison with the memristor literature. We hope that readers will enjoy discovering the articles within
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562810 , 9783036562827
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This Special Issue of the journal Applied Sciences presents recent advances and developments in the use of digital 3D technologies to protect and preserve cultural heritage. While most of the articles focus on aspects of 3D scanning, modeling, and presenting in VR of cultural heritage objects from buildings to small artifacts and clothing, part of the issue is devoted to 3D sound utilization in the cultural heritage field
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036550558 , 9783036550565
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: The Special Issue “Demand Response in Smart Grids” includes 11 papers on a variety of topics. The success of this Special Issue demonstrates the relevance of demand response programs and events in the operation of power and energy systems at both the distribution level and at the wide power system level. This reprint addresses the design, implementation, and operation of demand response programs, with focus on methods and techniques to achieve an optimized operation as well as on the electricity consumer
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  • 56
    ISBN: 9783036565125 , 9783036565118
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (420 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Water resource systems planning and management issues are often very complex. The pressures on water resources are increasing with the expanding scale of global development involving ecological and hydrological consequences in river basins and groundwater aquifers, and water-quality deterioration. All this leads to the increasing need for investigating the effects of different human influences and impacts on the hydrological regime and on water quality like as land-use changes, climatic variability and climate changes, and intensified water and land-use practices. The Special Issue “Advances in Flow Modeling for Water Resources and Hydrological Engineering” presents a collection of scientific contributions that provides a sample of the state-of-the-art and forefront research in this field. In particular, basin-wide water resources planning, watershed management, flood forecasting, droughts, climate change impacts on flood risk and water resources, reservoir operation and management, river morphology and sediment transport, river water quality, and irrigation were the main research and practice targets that the papers published in this Special Issue aimed to address
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  • 57
    ISBN: 9783036565224 , 9783036565217
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (218 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Energy industries & utilities
    Abstract: The growing population is forcing us to look for new, more effective solutions to various problems. The rising demand for power, water supply and waste management, pedestrian safety, the efficient use of electric vehicles, traffic jams, commuting, the identification of all road users and prediction of their travel paths, and increasing air and noise levels are the most pressing issues in today’s cities. Advance planning is a feature of green development that reduces dependence on vehicles associated with an increase in greenhouse gas emissions. The development of eco-friendly cities includes the development and application of new efficient solutions and technologies, such as efficient transport management, emission control and pollution control, energy efficiency and the usage of renewable energy, resource efficiency, etc., which would ensure a better quality of life of the growing population
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    ISBN: 9783036562940 , 9783036562933
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (190 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: The 10th International Conference on Modern Circuit and System Technologies on Electronics and Communications (MOCAST 2021) will take place in Thessaloniki, Greece, from July 5th to July 7th, 2021. The MOCAST technical program includes all aspects of circuit and system technologies, from modeling to design, verification, implementation, and application. This Special Issue presents extended versions of top-ranking papers in the conference. The topics of MOCAST include:Analog/RF and mixed signal circuits;Digital circuits and systems design;Nonlinear circuits and systems;Device and circuit modeling;High-performance embedded systems;Systems and applications;Sensors and systems;Machine learning and AI applications;Communication; Network systems;Power management;Imagers, MEMS, medical, and displays;Radiation front ends (nuclear and space application);Education in circuits, systems, and communications
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    ISBN: 9783036562919 , 9783036562926
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This book focuses on recent advances in both theoretical and experimental studies of material behaviour at the micro- and nano-scales. Special attention is given to experimental studies of nanofilms, nanoparticles and nanocomposites as well as tooth defects. Various experimental techniques were used. Magneto- and thermoelastic coupling were considered, as were nonlocal models of thin structures
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569635 , 9783036569628
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (254 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Abstract: Herein we describe some molecular aspects of the recent anti-COVID-19 research, including some approaches making use of natural remedies, especially from medicinal plants, in silico methods, and different experimental procedures that led to the discovery of novel targets of SARS-CoV-2 and consequently novel potential COVID-19 therapeutics. COVID-19 vaccines also find mention in this book with also a description of some adverse effects reported in some cases. Considering that the different beta coronaviruses present certain conserved biomolecular mechanisms and, thus, some common therapeutic targets, finding effective therapies for a specific member of their family (such as SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS-CoV) even in a scenario of a reduced impact at the time of the related disease on humankind is still relevant as it could offer or inspire efficacious therapeutic strategies not only in the context of novel pathogenic mutations of the already known beta coronaviruses, but also when future zoonoses caused by other beta coronaviruses will emergence, which is not unlikely to occur in the current world where the interactions between humans and wildlife are made more and more frequent due to the growing loss of intact ecosystems worldwide
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    ISBN: 9783036569932 , 9783036569925
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (214 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Abstract: In order to build a promising future, health and sustainability must be interelated. Marine, forestry, agriculture, and food systems are important sources of bioproducts used in health applications. To explore the potential of such sources for the development of natural products capable of biological activities, it is necessary to develop new technologically sustainable strategies. Despite the range of natural compounds already available, there is a need to identify bioactive molecules (e.g., polysaccharides, proteins and peptides, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols) from different natural sources with positive health properties, including antihypertensive, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, antimicrobial, anti-atherosclerotic, antioxidant, antithrombotic, immune-modulatory, relaxing, and satiety-inducing effects. The Second Edition of this Special Issue aimed to identify and gather works on the latest varied sources of bioproducts, the biological and functional activities of these bioactive compounds, their mechanisms of action, and the methods used for extraction and purification, without losing our focus on alignment with the concept of green technology
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    ISBN: 9783036568584 , 9783036568591
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (378 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Abstract: Papers collected in the present Special Issue relate to the field of sericulture. They cover different aspects based on a very ancient human agricultural activity, taking into consideration classical agronomic aspects, such as the impact of feeding on silk quality and sericulture in different parts of the world. Nonetheless, cutting edge topics are addressed as well, with papers studying silk as a biomaterial, the silkworm as a model organism, and the possibility of exploring its physiology and the molecular mechanisms that stand behind it with the aid of modern tools such as gene profiling, the CRISPR/Cas-9 system, and -omics sciences
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  • 63
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569406 , 9783036569413
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (230 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Energy industries & utilities
    Abstract: Semiconductor lasers are carriers of both energy for industry and information for optical communications. The recent progress in research on semiconductor lasers has offered new perspectives regarding both their material growth and structural design. Most of the papers are review papers that briefly overview different types of semiconductors. Some of the papers include the newest research results. We all hope that this Special Issue can shed light on recent advances in the field of semiconductor lasers and their applications so that most of the readers’ concerns about semiconductor lasers can be addressed and a conversation can be initiated
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  • 64
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575483 , 9783036575490
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Abstract: In recent years, ironmaking and steelmaking have witnessed the incorporation of various new processes and technologies that can be operated and organized in different combinations depending on the properties of raw materials and the required quality of the final products. Indications from the steel industry and local and global government institutions suggest that the breakthrough technologies for decarbonization will be based on new fuels and energy vectors. For CO2-lean process routes, three major solutions have been identified: decarbonizing, whereby coal would be replaced by hydrogen or electricity in the hydrogen reduction or electrolysis of iron ore processes; the introduction of CCS technology; and the use of sustainable biomass. Today, hydrogen-based steelmaking is a potential low-carbon and economically attractive route, especially in countries where natural gas is cheap. By considering systems for increasing energy efficiency and reducing the environmental impact of steel production, CO2 emissions may be greatly reduced by hydrogen-based steel production if hydrogen is generated by means of carbon-free and renewable sources. Currently, the development of the hydrogen economy has received a great deal of attention in that H2 is considered a promising alternative to replace fossil fuels. Based on hydrogen, the “hydrogen economy” is a promising clean energy carrier for decarbonized energy systems if the hydrogen used is produced from renewable energy sources or coupled with carbon capture and storage (CCS) or nuclear energy
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  • 65
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573052 , 9783036573045
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (284 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: Electrification plays a key role in decarbonizing energy consumption for various sectors, including transportation, heating, and cooling. There are several essential infrastructures for a smart city, including smart grids and transportation networks. These infrastructures are the complementary solutions to successfully developing novel services, with enhanced energy efficiency and energy security. This Special Issue includes high-quality papers that address issues related to cutting-edge smart city technologies in the electrification process, including but not limited to the following: Electrification of building environments and transportation systems; Role and impact of smart grids for smart cities; ICT and IoT infrastructures with big data for smart city electrification; Market, services, and business models for smart city electrification; Standards and implementation for smart city electrification; Advanced smart grid technology integration in smart cities, such as energy storage, demand-side management, and distributed energy resources
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  • 66
    ISBN: 9783036574042 , 9783036574059
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (506 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues
    Abstract: Among the strategies for reducing the negative effects on the environment effected by the uncontrolled consumption and low potential for the recovery of conventional plastics, the synthesis of new biodegradable and recyclable plastics represents one of the most promising methods for minimizing the negative effects of conventional non-biodegradable plastics. The spectrum of existing biodegradable materials is still very narrow; thus, to achieve greater applicability, research is being carried out on biodegradable polymer mixtures, the synthesis of new polymers, and the incorporation of new stabilizers for thermal degradation, alongside the use of other additives such as antibacterials or new and more sustainable plasticizers. Some studies analyze direct applications, such as shape memory foams, new cartilage implants, drug release, etc.The reader can find several studies on the degradation of biodegradable polymers under composting conditions; however, novel bacteria that degrade polymers considered non-biodegradable in other, unusual conditions (such as conditions of high salinity) are also presented
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9783036573496 , 9783036573489
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Abstract: The recycling of asphalt mixtures has significant contributions towards the reduction in greenhouse gases, pollution, natural resources, and energy consumption. Sustainable road materials and technologies can provide a powerful boost to “carbon-neutral strategies”, and so it is crucial to continue moving towards improving these technologies and theories.This Special Issue includes new findings in the field of regenerated asphalt mixtures, including the high-content regeneration of RAP, cold recycling technologies, regenerated mechanisms, eco-regenerating agents, and anti-aged materials. Additionally, novel materials, fast maintenance technologies, and functional materials are also addressed in this Special Issue, such as bio-asphalt materials, intelligent transportation, self-healing technologies, solid waste resource applications, numerical simulations, smart road materials and technologies, etc
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  • 68
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570662 , 9783036570679
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (226 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Abstract: Foods derived from grains and grain-based ingredients represent a crucial source of energy and nutrients for humans. Cereals are conventional food materials, while interest is growing in the utilization of pseudocereals, pulses, oilseeds, and other grains to develop various foods and food ingredients. Grain and food processing converts raw grains into functional ingredients and creates palatable and nutritious end-products. During processing, various physical and chemical changes and interactions take place, affecting the nutritional, textural, sensory, and other quality properties of the products. Methods, protocols, and equipment have been developed to process, monitor, and control processing parameters to achieve the desired end-product quality or functionality. This reprint covers diverse topics related to grain-processing innovations and the effect of both conventional and innovative grain processes on the properties of grain-derived ingredients, intermediates, and end products
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  • 69
    ISBN: 9783036573304 , 9783036573311
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: The connected and automated vehicle (CAV) is a promising piece of technology, anticipated to enhance the safety and effectiveness of mobility. Advanced sensing technologies and control algorithms, working to acquire environmental data, analyze data, and regulate vehicle movements, are key functional components of CAVs. In recent years, the creation of innovative sensing technologies for CAVs has gained substantial attention. CAVs can now interpret sensory data to more accurately detect impediments, track their locations, navigate autonomously in a dynamic environment, and communicate with other nearby vehicles. This has been made possible by advancements in sensing technology. Additionally, by utilizing computer vision and other sensing techniques, the bodily movements, facial expressions, and even mental states of in-cabin persons can be identified
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  • 70
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036580708 , 9783036580715
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Abstract: There has been significant growth in branches of industry directly related to new materials, such as metals, polymers, and composite materials. Considering the increase in material costs, it has become exceedingly important to produce lightweight constructions through the use of certified materials with appropriate mechanical properties. Many composite materials, especially in building engineering, are characterized by the use of waste materials, allowing them to meet environmental demands and often also positively affecting the performance (as well as mechanical) properties of the whole construction. A similar phenomenon has been noticed in polymers and metals, with the “ecologically friendly” factor having increasing influence in such materials. The main aim of our Special Issue was to gather novel research results concerning different materials available for all important industries—building engineering, the heavy industry, automotive, aerospace, and medicine. Such a general title has been proposed to also include different manufacturing technologies using various materials—conventional (milling, casting, forming, and turning) and novel (hybrid and additive manufacturing)
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  • 71
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036581040 , 9783036581057
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (364 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Abstract: This reprint presents original research as well as reviews on current food safety issues. A wide range of biological hazards, food commodities and measures to assess, control and manage hazards are covered. With respect to food commodities, meat, milk/dairy and fish/seafood are covered, but also wild game and edible insects. The epidemiology of parasites and pathogenic bacteria (Clostridioides difficile and Listeria monocytogenes) in various food chains is reviewed, as well as the impact of food technology on food safety
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  • 72
    ISBN: 9783036581408 , 9783036581415
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on the biomimetic and bioinspired developments based on the biomechanical and morphological studies of plants and animals. The articles cover basic research in biology, the modeling of functional principles and the transfer into bioinspired materials systems, as well as hands-on models for teaching and education
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  • 73
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036583167 , 9783036583174
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Abstract: The reprint presents new approaches for bio- and immunosensors with nanodispersed labels and their optical registration. The use of nanoparticles as carriers and labels provides possibilities for simple measurements and reaching low detection limits. In this way, novel sensors obtain competitive advantages and good potential for implementation into diagnostic practice. The collected articles demonstrate the current state of developments and their most promising directions in the creation and characterization of such optical sensors
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  • 74
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036582825 , 9783036582832
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Abstract: The increasing partial pressure of atmospheric CO2 (pCO2) is reducing surface ocean pH, a process known as ocean acidification (OA) This results in a reduced saturation of the seawater with respect to the CaCO3 polymorphs aragonite, high-Mg calcite, and low-Mg calcite that are involved in the biological formation of calcareous skeletons and shells. The effect of OA on calcium carbonate precipitation and the subsequent dissolution in carbonate depositional systems, such as coral reefs, is a hotly debated topic. While early studies suggested that certain carbonate-secreting organism groups may be strongly affected by OA or may even become extinct, others observed highly variable, species-specific responses to OA, whereby some taxa are negatively affected, some are positively affected, and others are unaffected. The collection of articles presented in this Special Issue presents ongoing research into the effects of OA on calcareous biomineralization while introducing some new questions and provocative hypotheses. The continued investigation of these concepts should advance our understanding of the mechanisms of biocalcification and improve predictions of how future CO2-induced changes in marine and freshwater systems will impact calcifying organisms, as well as the ecosystems they comprise, in the decades and centuries ahead
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  • 75
    ISBN: 9783036583082 , 9783036583099
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (228 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Abstract: This Special issue focuses of the most relevant advances in the field of inborn errors of immunity. Indeed, as immunology is rapidly progressing, with the constant discovery of new disease entities and the better characterization of molecular mechanisms and targeted therapies, a continuous update is mandatory for clinician and researchers. In this Issue, the non-infectious manifestations of inborn errors of immunity (such as autoimmunity, atopy, and lymphoproliferation) are deeply discussed, as well as the impact of the novel genetic sequencing techniques in the diagnostic approach. Moreover, some well-known disorders, including common variable immunodeficiency, are extensively reviewed and revisited in a modern way. Also, diseases of recent description, including some disorders of immune dysregulation and inborn errors of immunity associated with syndromes, are described. Finally, some of the papers of this Special Issue focus in a detailed way the molecular mechanisms leading to immunodeficiency and immune dysregulation, also opening the way for further clinical and preclinical studies. As the expanding availability of immunological and genetic testing offers the opportunity to identify new disease entities and elucidate the function of new genes involved in the development and regulation of the immune response, we aim to present the most relevant innovations in this delicate field
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  • 76
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036583464 , 9783036583471
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: The ninth national conference on applied geochemistry in China will be held in Chengdu, hosted by the committee of applied geochemistry, Chinese Society for Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry (CSMPG). In order to facilitate the academic exchange on applied geochemistry, this Special Issue is intended for the presentation of new advances and case illustrations in the field of applied geochemistry. The guest editors of this Special Issue are Dr. Gong, a professor from China University of Geosciences (Beijing), and Dr. Shi, a professor from the Chengdu University of Technology. This Special Issue was opened on 27 June 2022 and closed on 1 July 2023. A total 14 scientific papers have been published that capture various hot and challenging issues in applied geochemistry. These articles belong to three broad groups: (i) new advances and case illustrations in resource exploration which focus on exploration techniques in covered areas and anomaly determinations of geochemical survey data; (ii) new advances and case illustrations in environment assessment which focus on heavy metals of soils, soil nutrients assessment and geochemical survey of a top geoherb; and (iii) new advances in the basic theory of geochemistry such as elemental abundances of moon samples, equation of state of fluid mixtures, the formation’s dynamic mechanism of a dendrite, provenance indices of geological materials, etc. In which, a promising concept, geochemical gene, was introduced and illustrated in tracing soils and determining geochemical anomalies
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  • 77
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036583181 , 9783036583198
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (258 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on the complexity of the European Union food systems and their progress in achieving Farm to Forks’ and European Green Deal strategies’ goals. Nowadays, the sustainability of food systems’ issue is a crucial driver for the mitigation and adaptation climate change actions and for the reduction of environmental degradation. The presented research, analyzing different strategies and tools, has provided updated solutions for several agri-food sectors and geographical areas
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  • 78
    ISBN: 9783036580524 , 9783036580531
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (222 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Energy industries & utilities
    Abstract: This reprint sought high-quality contributions that highlight novel research results and emerging applications, addressing recent breakthroughs in UAS autonomous navigation and related fields, such as flight mechanics and control, structural design, sensor design, etc. The topics of interest included the following: two-dimensional and three-dimensional mapping, target detection, and obstacle avoidance; the active perception of targets in cluttered environments (foliage, forests, etc.); vision-based and optical flow techniques; sensors and sensor fusion techniques; design models for guidance and controlled flight; state estimation, data analysis and filtering techniques (KF, EKF, particle filtering, fuzzy logic, etc.); path planning and path management; optimal control and strategies (neural networks, fuzzy logic, reinforcement learning, evolutionary and genetic algorithms, AI, etc.); navigation in GPS-denied environments; autolanding and safe landing area definition (SLAD); environmental effects on UAVs (wind, etc.); autonomous UAV or MAV swarms, and distributed architectures; BVLOS autonomous navigation
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9783036580173 , 9783036580166
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (314 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Natural disasters
    Abstract: Knowledge and awareness of the risks generated by natural hazards are essential requirements for the enhancement of communities' resilience to disasters. United Nations directives have recently pointed out the necessity of undertaking actions aimed at anticipating, managing, and mitigating disaster risks to reduce their economic and social impact and protect the health, socioeconomic assets, cultural heritage, and ecosystems of communities and countries. While the increasing occurrence of disasters caused by meteorological events, such as floods, storms, and droughts, can be directly ascribed to the consequence of climate change, disasters induced by earthquakes and tsunamis are increasing even if their frequency of occurrence is historically unchanged. This Special Issue addresses concepts, methods, and predictive methodologies for assessing natural hazard risks. It presents fifteen articles focusing on the single-risk assessment of a broad range of natural hazards, such as earthquakes, river/sea floods, meteotsunamis, tornados, hydrological and meteorological drought, liquefaction, as well as on multirisk assessment in the presence of multiple hazards. The adopted methodologies rely on (a) quantitative, semi-quantitative, and qualitative methods for the assessment of the risks related to natural hazards; (b) risk analysis at different scales; (c) multi-hazard risk assessment techniques; (d) real-time hazard monitoring and warning systems; (e) disaster mitigation strategies; and (f) risk management and emergency planning on multiple scales
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  • 80
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036581460 , 9783036581477
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: The reprint provides a comprehensive exploration of cutting-edge developments in aluminum alloy casting and forming processes. Comprising a collection of articles, it delves into the diverse processing techniques, metallurgical complexities, and mechanical characteristics of these extraordinary materials. Each contribution serves as a catalyst for progress in advanced aluminum alloy applications, meticulously addressing challenges and offering innovative solutions
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  • 81
    ISBN: 9783036581644 , 9783036581651
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Energy industries & utilities
    Abstract: Photonics has emerged as crucial for enabling communication and sensing applications, revolutionizing industries such as data centers, autonomous driving, and 5G/6G networks. This reprint includes thirteen articles showcasing the transformative potential of photonics in supporting emerging technologies. It presents the recent advancements and future challenges in these technologies, focusing on optical performance monitoring, photonic sensors and devices, optical signal processing subsystems, and digital signal processing (DSP) for optical transmission systems. Optical performance monitoring encompasses a self-attention mechanism-based quality-of-transmission estimator for optical networks, optical-label-based monitoring for wavelength division multiplexing networks, and a key distribution scheme for enhanced security. Advancements in photonic devices include optimized silicon nitride waveguides and hybrid phase-change metasurface carpet cloaks for efficient optical signal processing. Moreover, plasmonic sensors that utilize plasmons and alternative materials like aluminum nitride are explored for sensing and detection applications. Optical signal processing subsystems, which feature an enhanced optical analog-to-digital converter, two-tone signal generation, and a programmable photonics spectral processor, as well as DSP techniques for chromatic dispersion estimation, coherent communication, are presented to support reliable optical transmission
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  • 82
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036583341 , 9783036583358
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (246 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This special Issue aimed to collect the latest original research and reviews on the fundamentals and applications of any functional multiphase flow in microfluidics. There were 24 papers submitted to this Special Issue, and 15 papers were accepted. They address numerous topics, mainly on the motion characteristics of particles with different scales and shapes
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9783036578040 , 9783036578057
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (324 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on both advanced metals and their alloys and the areas of physical and process metallurgy, materials science, and processing techniques. Specific areas of interest also include titanium/nickel-based superalloys, intermetallics, advanced metallic materials, nanomaterials, metal matrix composites, functional materials, related synthesis and processing techniques, finite element modelling, statistical analysis, physical/mechanical property characterization, experimental validation, and other relevant phenomena. Physical metallurgy is important in the design and optimization of advanced materials with superior physical and mechanical properties through microstructural modifications and processing techniques. The goal of reprint was to bring together recent progress, novel technologies, and advanced equipment for the design and development of advanced metals and alloys and provide guidelines/benchmarks for further research in related areas. Composites, intermetallics, and nanomaterials as well as functional materials will be also included. Some of the recent advances in the field of advanced metals and alloys include novel material processing techniques, manufacturing methods and theories, microstructural characterization, modelling development, and advanced equipment. Conventional and nonconventional processes related to machining, forming, laser processing, additive/subtractive manufacturing, surface modification, and the solidification of high-performance alloys/metals are also included
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  • 84
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036581682 , 9783036581699
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (244 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Biotechnology
    Abstract: Around 20%–30% of nonmetastatic prostate cancer patients have high-risk localized disease. The best treatment for high-risk localized disease is still unclear, and the reliability of the definition of “high-risk” may need to be validated first. Although recent advances in radiotherapy for prostate cancer have yielded excellent long-term results, even in high-risk localized disease, there are no studies directly comparing it with local treatment options, such as prostatectomy. To address current challenges in high-risk localized and locally advanced prostate cancer, 12 original and 3 review articles covering aspects from basic research to clinical trials are published in this Special Issue
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  • 85
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036582184 , 9783036582191
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This Special Issue (SI), entitled “Application of (Big) Data Analysis in A/E/C (architecture, engineering, and construction)”, in Buildings has published quality papers outlining novel contributions of the application of big data theory, modeling techniques, and methodologies as a tool for leveraging data analytics in the building industry. Contributions have covered related topics from various application domains of the global A/E/C industry, including structures/structural engineering, materials/geotechnical engineering, construction design/measure, IS/BIM, transport/energy planning and building management, etc. As can be seen in the editorial essay, some domains have been addressed with more emphasis, but some are not. In addition to the editorial essay, the published research works have also touched almost all phases of (big) data analytics, including data collection and curation, data pre-processing, data analysis, prediction, (data-driven) decision making and decision supports, etc., except that related topics about forecasting are still missing. This allows for identifying ‘hot zones’ of research, in which follow-up research and extended studies should be performed, and ‘cold zones’, awaiting the utilization and novel application of data and theories/models
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  • 86
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036581972 , 9783036581965
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (210 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Mechanical engineering & materials
    Abstract: Two-phase gas–liquid flows are frequently encountered in the energy, nuclear, chemical, geothermal, oil and gas and refrigeration industries. Two-phase gas–liquid flows can occur in various forms, such as flows transitioning from pure liquid to vapor as a result of external heating, separated flows behind a flow's sudden expansion or constriction, dispersed two-phase flows where the dispersed phase is present in the form of liquid droplets, or gas bubbles in a continuous carrier fluid phase (i.e. gas or liquid). Typically, such flows are turbulent with a considerable interfacial interaction between the carrier fluid and the dispersed phases. The interfacial heat and mass transfer is very important in the modeling of such flows. The variety of flow regimes significantly complicates the theoretical prediction of hydrodynamics of the two-phase flow. It requires the application of numerous hypotheses, assumptions, and approximations. Often, the complexity of flow structures makes it impossible to theoretically describe its behavior, and so empirical data are applied instead. The correct simulation of two-phase gas–liquid flows is of great importance for safety's sake and the prediction of energy equipment elements
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  • 87
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036580357 , 9783036580340
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Energy industries & utilities
    Abstract: Metamaterials and metasurfaces have recently attracted increasing attention due to their anomalous and largely flexible properties. Their performance mainly depends on their subwavelength separation and geometric parameters. Metamaterials comprise a class of artificial materials whose physical properties can be engineered to exhibit various desired characteristics. A metasurface is a 2D metamaterial whose thickness is well below the wavelength of impinging lights. Metamaterials and metasurfaces have unique interface transmission and reflection properties resulting from surface impedance, which can cause multiple advanced functionalities such as light focusing, hologram generation, polarization control, etc. Their extremely small hardware footprint enables them to be embedded in various components of the environment in a cost-effective way. In recent years, they have emerged as a powerful technology with a broad range of applications; however, there are many challenges yet to be addressed in order for them to fulfil their potential in practical applications.This Special Issue reprint covers all aspects of metamaterials and metasurfaces. It also aims to highlight the exciting developments, ongoing trends, and latest achievements in their design and construction
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  • 88
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036583068 , 9783036583075
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (274 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Abstract: Mountains encompass more than 30% of all land and 23% of the Earth’s forests, with high levels of biodiversity and endemism, and they support diverse habitats and refuges for approximately 85% of amphibian, bird, and mammal species. More than 1/4 of the global human population inhabits mountain environments, many of whom are among the world’s poorest people. The climate and anthropogenic changes have had a tremendous impact on biodiversity and ecosystems around the world. On the Qinghai–Xizang Plateau, which is characterized by a low temperature, short growing season, and diverse ecosystems, global changes such as the warming climate might reduce biodiversity and alter ecosystem functions. This reprint contains studies with a focus on the Qinghai–Xizang Plateau and the south-west mountainous areas of China. The topic deals with the application of multiscale methods and approaches in the context of biodiversity, from the scale of genes and individuals to ecosystems and landscapes, including the adaptations of organisms, like plants, birds, and micro-organisms, spatial–temporal variations in vegetation patterns and land use statuses, and the possible driving factors of the functional adaptation of organisms to climate and anthropogenic changes
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  • 89
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036582085 , 9783036582092
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (288 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: In recent years, applied marine sciences and engineering has attracted worldwide attention, which includes basic theoretical research and applied research on marine hydrology, meteorology, physics and geology. Besides, new viewpoints, new developments, new theories, new methods, new applications and new experiences of investigation, research and management in the marine environment and big data, ocean and coastal engineering, marine/coastal disaster and risk assessment, river dynamics, marine ecological environment, marine instruments and equipment, etc. are also included. This Special Issue aims to address the recent advances in marine environmental information and the application of marine environmental information
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036581309 , 9783036581316
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (288 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on applying remote sensing techniques in watersheds in terms of hydrology, ecology, environment, and human activities. It aims to contribute to the current understanding of integrating research scopes and developing advanced methods in the field of remote sensing of watershed. The development of the multiscalar, multidimensional, and interdisciplinary nature of the application of remote sensing in watershed studies is of particular interest. Special attention is given to watershed mapping, monitoring of underlying surface elements in the watershed, inversion of water cycle parameters, water resource assessment, acquisition of watershed ecological environment parameters, monitoring natural disasters, analyzing upstream and downstream, supporting water governance priorities, water resource development, and irrigation water management. The studies propose a series of advanced data, models, and strategies to serve watershed research better
    Note: English
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036585567 , 9783036585574
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: In this reprint, several original pieces of research and reviews are collected on the topic of “Polymorphism in Crystals,” including the crystal structure determinations, the phase transformation studies, the thermodynamic and dissolution properties studies, the regulation of polymorph by additives and templates, the intensifications of the crystallization process, etc. This reprint aims to present and disseminate recent advancements in the design and use of polymorphism in crystals with desired qualities using crystal engineering. This reprint aims to enhance our understanding of polymorphism in crystals and their remarkably potential applications in pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, and photoelectric industries
    Note: English
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036585000 , 9783036585017
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (146 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Abstract: This Special Issue, “Advances in Environmental Applied Physics”, collected original papers from eminent researchers in the field of environmental pollutants, which constitute a health risk to the population, increasing the likelihood of incurring cancer
    Note: English
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036585703 , 9783036585710
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (318 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: In the construction sector, as in many others, the continuous development of materials, design concepts, and tools for numerical analysis offers new challenges and scenarios to the research and professional communities. For example, the application of building and infrastructure materials and load-bearing components that are particularly sensitive to severe environmental or operational conditions can require specific and even complex methods of analysis, as well as specific performance indicators for their structural verification and assessment. In this regard, especially in recent years, both the building and infrastructure fields have been able to take advantage of increasing technological and productive innovation, which generally takes the form of novel analysis techniques and tools in support of design. This Topical Collection includes original research contributions that are focused on the latest advancements in and development of innovative techniques and solutions for structural analysis, when applied to building and infrastructural constructions. The collection is thus of interest for a multitude of stakeholders, such as academics, structural and construction engineers, architects and other professionals that are involved in the building and infrastructure field
    Note: English
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036586090 , 9783036586083
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Energy industries & utilities
    Abstract: This Special Issue aimed to compile original and cutting-edge research works in the fields of plasma process, polymerization, synthesis, characterization, treatment, modification, manufacturing, and applications of functional plasma-processed polymers
    Note: English
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036585949 , 9783036585956
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Materials science
    Abstract: Mg alloy is the lightest metallic structural material and possesses the advantages of high specific strength, high specific stiffness, good electromagnetism shield, good damping capacity, good machinability, and easy recycling, etc. Therefore, it has extremely broad application prospects and has drawn considerable interest in the fields of automobile, electronics, electrical appliances, transportation, aerospace, and aviation. In addition, Mg alloys are gradually showing application potential in emerging industries, serving as biodegradable metals in the biomedical field, functional material for hydrogen storage, and so on. This Special Issue (SI), entitled “Research Progress in High-Performance Magnesium Alloy and Its Applications”, presents recent developments and excellent results in the field of Mg alloys, and includes 10 articles and one editorial covering some interesting aspects of the topic
    Note: English
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036584638 , 9783036584621
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This reprint contains 14 articles published in the Special Issue, “Use of Modern Materials in Technological Processes Accompanied by Frictional Heating". These articles can be divided into five groups:1) Analytical modeling of the frictional heating process in systems made of homogeneous and functionally gradient materials (FGMs) [1–7];2) Numerical simulations of the temperature mode of railway brake systems [8, 9];3) Experimental studies and numerical simulations of the influence of various types of additives added to the friction material in the wet clutch disc [10, 11];4) Inverse thermal problems of friction [12];5) The influence of friction on the stress distribution in a composite containing thin elastic homogeneous inclusions, or that made of FGM [13, 14]
    Note: English
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036584249 , 9783036584256
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: The Special Issue constitutes the collection of the selected papers, which results were presented during the XVIII Conference on Automation, Operation and Maintenance of Control and Communication Systems ASMOR 2022. The conference took place in Władysławowo (Poland) on 12-14 October 2022. The scope of the conference was mainly focused on automation and exploitation aspects of the control and communications systems. In order to meet the highest quality standards for published papers, only the articles selected by the ASMOR Scientific Committee and the Electronics Editors were qualified for an extensive reviewing process
    Note: English
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  • 98
    ISBN: 9783036583624 , 9783036583631
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (126 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This Proceedings reprint is a collection of papers from the E-Textiles 2022 Conference and represents the state of the art from both academia and industry in the development of smart fabrics that incorporate electronic and sensing functionality. The Proceedings reprint presents a wide range of applications of the technology, including wearable textile devices for healthcare applications such as ECG measurements and functional electrical stimulation. Manufacturing approaches include printed smart materials, knitted e-textiles and flexible electronic circuit assembly within fabrics and garments. Supplying power is a constant challenge for all wireless wearable technologies, and therefore this collection includes papers on triboelectric energy harvesting and zinc-ion batteries fabricated on top of textile substrates
    Note: English
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036585222 , 9783036585239
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (230 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This Special Issue deals with the field of intelligent soft sensors that enable the online estimation of nonmeasurable process variables. Soft sensors or virtual sensors are common names for software algorithms in which multiple measurements are processed together. Typically, soft sensors are based on control theory and are also referred to as state observers. There may be dozens or even hundreds of measurements from hard sensors (big data). The interaction of signals can be used to compute new quantities that cannot be measured directly online or are difficult and expensive to measure. Soft sensors are particularly useful in data fusion, combining measurements of different characteristics and dynamics. They can be used for fault diagnosis (self-analysis, self-calibration, and self-maintenance) as well as for control applications. Well-known software algorithms that can be seen as soft sensors include, for example, Kalman filters. More recent implementations of soft sensors use neural networks, fuzzy logic, models based on evolving clustering, partial least squares, etc. In the digitized factories of the future, intelligent sensors represent one of the core building blocks for automating and optimizing production, as they make production more efficient in every respect
    Note: English
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  • 100
    ISBN: 9783036584522 , 9783036584539
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (214 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This Proceedings reprint is focused on the latest developments in the topics of imaging technology, advanced manufacturing, and medical diagnosis. The evolving interdisciplinary research between the three topics is discussed
    Note: English
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