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  • 2010-2014  (138)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (138)
  • Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
  • Science and Technology  (138)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Measuring the Digital Economy : A New Perspective (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264221796
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Measuring the Digital Economy; A New Perspective (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measuring the digital economy
    DDC: 381/.142
    RVK:
    QR 760
    Keywords: Internetnutzung ; IKT-Sektor ; Messung ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Bericht ; Statistik ; OECD ; Electronic Commerce ; Neue Medien ; Evaluation
    Abstract: The growing role of the digital economy in daily life has heightened demand for new data and measurement tools. Internationally comparable and timely statistics combined with robust cross-country analyses are crucial to strengthen the evidence base for digital economy policy making, particularly in a context of rapid change. This report presents indicators traditionally used to monitor the information society and complements them with experimental indicators that provide insight into areas of policy interest. The key objectives of this publication are to highlight measurement gaps and propose actions to advance the measurement agenda.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264221796-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Industry and Technology Policies in Korea (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264213227
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Industry and technology policies in Korea
    DDC: 338.642
    Keywords: Industriepolitik ; Technologiepolitik ; Südkorea ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Korea, Republic of ; Südkorea ; Industriepolitik ; Technologiepolitik
    Abstract: The Korean innovation system is in many ways highly developed and has helped to underpin Korea’s rapid industrialisation. However, long-standing policy emphases on manufacturing and large firms are today in question. Structural problems - such as the relatively weak innovation performance of SMEs, a lagging services sector and limited domestic job creation among the industrial conglomerates - have led to a shift in policy priorities. This shift is crystallised in the current government’s Creative Economy Strategy, which entails a far-reaching set of measures aimed at fostering cutting-edge innovation and consolidating a knowledge-based economy increasingly driven by high-value services. This review addresses Korea’s industry and technology policies and institutions, and provides policy recommendations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264213227-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Perspectivas de la OCDE sobre ciencia, tecnología e industria 2014 (Version abreviada) : Informe Iberoamericano (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264226487
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Science, Technology and Industry Outlook 2014
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: La ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación (CTI) son factores decisivos para lograr un desarrollo social y económico sostenible. La OCDE hace recomendaciones de política basadas en evidencia acerca de la aportación de la CTI a las metas de crecimiento, empleo, sustentabilidad y bienestar de las naciones. Los países de Iberoamérica han estado trabajando de cerca con la OCDE sobre diversos aspectos de CTI y ahora, a propósito de la Reunión de Ministros y Altas Autoridades de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, a celebrarse el 27 y 28 de noviembre en la ciudad de Puebla, México, la Organización ha preparado el presente Informe Iberoamericano, que se deriva de su OECD Science, Technology and Industry Outlook 2014. Su finalidad es informar a los responsables del diseño de políticas de CTI de la región, así como a representantes y analistas del sector empresarial, sobre los cambios recientes y próximos en los modelos mundiales de CTI. Asimismo, destaca las posibles implicaciones actuales y futuras de las políticas de CTI de los países a nivel tanto global como nacional.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264226487-es
    URL: Volltext
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Science, Technology and Innovation in Viet Nam (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264213500
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (232 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Science, technology and innovation in Viet Nam
    Keywords: Innovation ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Technologiepolitik ; Vietnam ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Viet Nam ; Vietnam ; Technischer Fortschritt
    Abstract: This book offers a comprehensive assessment of the innovation system of Viet Nam, focusing on the role of government and providing concrete recommendations on how to improve policies that affect innovation and R&D performance.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264213500-en
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Making Innovation Policy Work : Learning from Experimentation (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264185739
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (286 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making innovation policy work
    Keywords: Technologiepolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Innovationsförderung ; Innovation ; Industriepolitik ; Unternehmenspolitik ; Umweltschutzmarkt ; Produktion ; Wirtschaft ; Ökologie ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Entwicklung ; Unterentwicklung ; Ursache ; Tendenz ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: This book explores emerging topics in innovation policy for more inclusive and sustainable growth, building on concrete examples. It develops the notion of experimental innovation policy – which integrates monitoring and feedback at the policy design stage, and occurs continuously to improve impact and implementation. This approach should help improve the quality and efficiency of public expenditures supporting innovation policy. Experimental policy making is particularly important for new and emerging innovation domains, where the scope for learning and improvement is the greatest. To make the discussion as concrete and relevant as possible for practitioners and policy makers, three emerging domains of innovation policy are explored in greater detail: innovative entrepreneurship, green innovation, and pro-poor or base-of-the-pyramid (BoP) innovation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264185739-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Greener Skills and Jobs (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264208704
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (228 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Green Growth Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Greener skills and jobs
    Keywords: Umweltschutz ; Qualifikation ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Welt ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Umweltschutz ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Qualifikation ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: Green skills, that is, skills needed in a low-carbon economy, will be required in all sectors and at all levels in the workforce as emerging economic activities create new (or renewed) occupations. Structural changes will realign sectors that are likely to decline as a result of the greening of the economy and workers will need to be retrained accordingly. The successful transition to a low-carbon economy will only be possible if workers can flexibly adapt and transfer from areas of decreasing employment to new industries. This report suggests that the role of skills and education and training policies should be an important component of the ecological transformation process.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264208704-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Workshop on integrating omics and policy for healthy ageing : synthesis report (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 12
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The increase in the human life span is a testament to the economic, social and medical progress made over the course of the last century. However, an ageing population brings some new challenges both to healthcare systems and to medicine in terms of the increased manifestation of specific diseases primarily seen in the elderly. Biomedical innovation, and in particular research into “omics technologies”, offers the promise of new means of detection, prevention and treatment of age-related disabilities and diseases. But the development of these new technologies will not be without challenges, in particular with respect to the difficulty of translating technological advances into innovation in the clinical setting. This report provides a synthesis of a March 2013 workshop organised by the OECD and the Human Genome Organisation (HGO) which focused on latest advances in omics technologies for healthy ageing and the policies and practices needed to facilitate their responsible development and integration in medical research, innovation and health policy.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jzb0z52dc5c-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New investment approaches for addressing social and economic challenges (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 15
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper aims to provide an introduction to and overview of the social investment market for policy makers in OECD and non-OECD countries. Social investment is the provision of finance to organisations with the explicit expectation of a social, as well as financial, return. Social investment has become increasingly relevant in today’s economic environment as social challenges have mounted while public funds in many countries are under pressure. New investment approaches are needed for addressing social and economic challenges, including new models of public and private partnership which can fund, deliver and scale innovative solutions from the ground up.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz2bz8g00jj-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evaluation of industrial policy : methodological issues and policy lessons (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 86 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 16
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Industrial policy, broadly defined, covers a multitude of policy instruments and approaches. While there has been a recent revival of interest in industrial policy around the world, systematic evidence of efficacy is relatively scarce. This report brings together the work of an OECD expert group that has considered recent evidence from the evaluation of industrial policy. The report focuses on three specific policy areas, namely: support for R&D; capital market interventions (with a focus on risk capital); and public procurement for innovation. The report also examines three areas where packages of industrial policy measures are generally applied: sector approaches including public-private partnerships; policies towards clusters and business networks; and national industrial strategies. In many areas of industrial policy, evaluation faces particular methodological challenges. These challenges are outlined in the report, which concludes by drawing together the main policy lessons from the available evaluation evidence.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz181jh0j5k-en
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Estudio de la OCDE sobre políticas y regulación de telecomunicaciones en Colombia (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264209558
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Review of Telecommunication Policy and Regulation in Colombia
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Colombia
    Abstract: La estudio de la OCDE sobre políticas y regulación de las telecomunicaciones tomó como base las respuestas de las autoridades colombianas a un cuestionario, así como los resultados de una extensa serie de entrevistas realizadas a los principales actores del sector de las telecomunicaciones durante una visita de investigación efectuada en Colombia.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264209558-es
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Economies interconnectées : Comment tirer parti des chaînes de valeur mondiales (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264201842
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (290 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Interconnected Economies; Benefiting from Global Value Chains
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Science and Technology ; Trade ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Cette publication examine comment les chaînes de valeur mondiales ont évolué et les défis politiques qu'elles ont engendrés.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264201842-fr
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Emerging Policy Issues in Synthetic Biology (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264208421
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Emerging policy issues in synthetic biology
    DDC: 572.86
    Keywords: Biotechnologie ; Science and Technology ; Synthetische Biologie
    Abstract: Synthetic biology is at such an early stage of development that there is no uniform agreement as yet about what it actually is. To some, it represents a natural extension of genetic engineering, and therefore is “business as usual”. For others, it is a way to bring mass manufacturing out from the decades of biotechnology research. Currently the discipline is limited by the ability to synthesise DNA cost-effectively but this is a technical barrier that it is anticipated will be overcome. Synthetic biology raises a number of policy issues around R&D funding, company investment, PPP arrangements and innovative financing, infrastructure requirements, education and training, intellectual property (IP), regulation, and public engagement. In preparation for the continuing development and greater use of synthetic biology, some countries have started to prepare synthetic biology technical roadmaps and a global roadmap for the medium term would be an extremely useful policy tool. Technical roadmaps could both identify likely future policy requirements, and be a useful vehicle in public engagement.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264208421-en
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  • 13
    Online Resource
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    National Intellectual Property Systems, Innovation and Economic Development : With perspectives on Colombia and Indonesia (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264204485
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als National intellectual property systems, innovation and economic development
    Keywords: Immaterialgüterrechte ; Innovation ; Entwicklung ; Kolumbien ; Indonesien ; Science and Technology ; Colombia ; Indonesia
    Abstract: This publication addresses the role of national systems of IP in the socio-economic development of emerging countries, notably through their impact on innovation. It presents a framework that identifies the key mechanisms that enable IP systems to support emerging countries’ innovation and development objectives. The report also discusses two IP country studies conducted for Colombia and Indonesia. These are based on analyses of the national intellectual property systems, drawing on country missions that gathered detailed information and feedback from more than 100 stakeholders on IP-related priorities and bottlenecks. Concrete policy recommendations are provided for both countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264204485-en
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  • 14
    Online Resource
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    Promoting Research Excellence : New Approaches to Funding (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264207462
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (216 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Promoting research excellence
    DDC: 370.78
    Keywords: Technologiepolitik ; Hochschulpolitik ; Forschungsfinanzierung ; Hochschulfinanzierung ; Universitäre Forschung ; Regionales Cluster ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: National research systems face an increasingly competitive environment for ideas, talent and funds, and governments have shifted funds from institutional core funding to project funding, often on a competitive basis, or reward success in raising third-party funds in performance-based funding schemes. It is in this context that “research excellence initiatives” (REIs) have emerged. This is an instrument designed to encourage outstanding research by providing large-scale, long-term funding to designated research units. They provide funds for research and research-related measures, such as the improvement or extension of physical infrastructure, the recruitment of outstanding researchers from abroad and researcher training. This report presents new evidence on how governments steer and fund public research in higher education and public research institutions through REIs. The report can help inform discussions on future government policy directions by providing information on how REIs work and on the functioning and characteristics of institutions that host centres of excellence. The findings show some of the benefits to be gained through REIs and note some pitfalls to be avoided.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264207462-en
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  • 15
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    Intelligent demand : policy rationale, design and potential benefits (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 57 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 13
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Policy interest in demand-side initiatives has grown in recent years. This may reflect an expectation that demand-side policy could be particularly effective in steering innovation to meet societal needs. In addition, owing to constrained public finances in most OECD countries, the possibility that demand-side policies might be less expensive than direct support measures is attractive. Interest may also reflect some degree of disappointment with the outcomes of traditional supply-side measures. This paper reviews demand-side innovation policies, their rationales and importance across countries, different approaches to their design, the challenges entailed in their implementation and evaluation, and good practices. Three main forms of demand-side policy are considered: innovation-oriented public procurement, innovation-oriented regulations, and standards. Emphasis is placed on innovation-oriented public procurement.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz8p4rk3944-en
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  • 16
    Online Resource
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    The dynamics of employment growth : new evidence from 18 countries (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 96 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 14
    Keywords: Employment ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Motivated by the ongoing interest of policy makers in the sources of job creation, this paper presents results from a new OECD project on the dynamics of employment (DynEmp) based on an innovative methodology using firm-level data (i.e. national business registers or similar sources). It demonstrates that among small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs), young firms play a central role in creating jobs, whereas old SMEs tend to destroy jobs. This pattern holds robustly across 17 OECD countries and Brazil, extending recent evidence found in the United States. The paper also shows that young firms are always net job creators throughout the business cycle, even during the financial crisis. During the crisis, entry and post-entry growth by young firms were affected most heavily, although downsizing by old firms was responsible for most job losses. The results also highlight large cross-country differences in the growth potential of young firms, pointing to the role played by national policies in enabling successful firms to create jobs.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz417hj6hg6-en
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  • 17
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    Biobased chemicals and bioplastics : finding the right policy balance (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 96 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 17
    Keywords: Environment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: As OECD countries emerge from the global financial crisis, several countries have published their plans for the development of a future bioeconomy, an economy in which bio-based materials and production techniques will contribute significantly to economic and environmental sustainability. Such plans typically involve building a bio-based production industry in which fuels, energy and materials such as chemicals and plastics, almost always generated from fossil resources such as oil and natural gas, are incrementally replaced by equivalent or novel products generated from renewable resources. The realisation of this vision will require sustainably harnessing the vast biomass resource. The highest policy priorities at present are on several levels: allowing bio-based materials to compete for biomass on price with bioelectricity and biofuels; rectifying the highly distorting fossil fuel subsidies, heading off future competition for crude oil demand; and correcting for any excessive regulatory impacts. If governments wish to realise a successful bioeconomy in the future, the case for support for bio-based chemicals and plastics warrants serious attention.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxwwfjx0djf-en
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  • 18
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    Nanotechnology and Tyres : Greening Industry and Transport (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264209152
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Nanotechnology and tyres
    DDC: 620.5
    Keywords: Nanotechnologie ; Reifenindustrie ; Reifen ; Umweltbelastung ; Verkehrssicherheit ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: New nanomaterials offer promising avenues for future innovation, which can contribute towards the sustainability and resource efficiency of the tyre industry. Yet uncertainty over environmental health and safety (EHS) risks appears to be a main and continuous concern for the development of new nanomaterials in tyre production, even for those closest to market. Lack of sector-specific guidance represents a major gap.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264209152-en
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  • 19
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    OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Croatia 2013 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264204362
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (234 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    DDC: 338.174309569409041
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Croatia
    Abstract: This OECD Review of Innovation Policy in Croatia offers a comprehensive assessment of the innovation system of Croatia, focusing on the role of government. It suggests that EU integration opens a window of opportunity for strengthening Croatia's science, technology and innovation systems, and recommends that Croatia improve governance, rebalance the innovation mix and do more to foster business innovation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264204362-en
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  • 20
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    OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: France 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264214026
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (280 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques d'innovation ; France 2014
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; France
    Abstract: This report compares the performance of the French innnovation systems with that of other countries and presents the conclusions of interviews with 30 key actors in the French research and innovation system. During the past ten years, this system has undergone profound changes, and the report highlights the governments plan to dynamise and reform the system.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264214026-en
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  • 21
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    OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Netherlands 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264213159
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (280 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Netherlands
    Abstract: This book provides a comprehensive assessment of the innovation system of the Netherlands, focusing on the role of government and including concrete recommendations on how to improve policies that affect innovation and R&D performance.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264213159-en
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  • 22
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    Examens de l'OCDE des politiques d'innovation : France 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264214019
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (292 p.)
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE des politiques d'innovation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy; France 2014
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; France
    Abstract: Ce rapport sur la France compare les performances et le fonctionnement du système français avec ceux d'autres pays, et se base sur les conclusions des travaux thématiques de l'OCDE ainsi que sur environ 30 entretiens conduits avec les principaux acteurs du système français de recherche et d'innovation. Ce système a connu des transformations profondes au cours de la dernière décennie, et le rapport met l'accent sur le "Programme des Investissements d'Avenir", un plan gouvernemental qui vise à dynamiser la recherche et l'innovation et à encourager les réformes de l'ensemble du système.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264214019-fr
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  • 23
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    OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Colombia 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264204638
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Colombia
    Abstract: This review offers a comprehensive assessment of the innovation system of Colombia, focusing on the role of government. It provides concrete recommendations on how to improve policies that affect innovation performance, including R&D policies and identifies good practices from which other countries can learn. The Overall assessment and recommendations is also available in French and Spanish.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264204638-en
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  • 24
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    OECD Review of Telecommunication Policy and Regulation in Colombia (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264208131
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Estudio de la OCDE sobre políticas y regulación de telecomunicaciones en Colombia
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD review of telecommunication policy and regulation in Colombia
    Keywords: Telekommunikationspolitik ; Regulierung ; Kolumbien ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Colombia
    Abstract: As have OECD countries, Colombia has recognised that the communications sector, and in particular high-speed Internet access provided by fixed and mobile broadband, represents a key infrastructure for improving productivity and economic growth and in enhancing the welfare of its citizens. This report reviews policies and regulations in the telecommunication service sector in Colombia. It puts forward recommendations aimed at furthering regulatory reform and stimulating market competition and investment in the sector as a building block for the future development of the Colombian economy. It aims to help achieve one of the government's goals, which is to develop a knowledge-intensive society.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264208131-en
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    The Space Economy at a Glance 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264217294 , 9789264225459 , 9789264222304
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The space economy at a glance 2014
    Keywords: Luftfahrtindustrie ; Welt ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The space sector plays an increasingly pivotal role in the functioning of modern societies and their economic development as the use of satellite technology gives rise to new applications, uses and markets. Space Economy at a Glance offers a statistical overview of the global space sector and its contributions to economic activity using data from over 40 countries with space programmes, and identifies new dynamics in the space sector.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264217294-en
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  • 26
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    Evaluaciones de Políticas Nacionales de Educación: La Educación Superior en Colombia (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264180710
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (348 p.)
    Series Statement: Revisión de Políticas Nacionales de Educación
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education; Tertiary Education in Colombia 2012
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology ; Colombia
    Abstract: En Colombia, el inicio del nuevo siglo ha traído consigo un sentimiento palpable de optimismo. Colombianos y visitantes sienten que el importante potencial del país puede ser realizado y se considera, con razón, que la educación es crucial en este proceso. A medida que las oportunidades se expanden, los colombianos necesitarán de nuevas y mejores competencias para responder a los nuevos retos y perspectivas.El gobierno está por lo tanto decidido a tratar los principales retos de la educación superior en el país: ampliar la cobertura y mejorar la equidad, aumentar la calidad y la relevancia, y hacer que la gobernabilidad y las finanzas funcionen mejor. Colombia tiene más de una década de progreso y la energía para alcanzar sus ambiciosos objetivos. Cómo lograr esas metas en la práctica implica el diálogo y la búsqueda de consenso entre todos los participantes, así como nuevos recursos y nuevas reglas.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264180710-es
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  • 27
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    Politique énergétique et climatique : Infléchir la trajectoire technologique (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264200388
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (139 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: tudes de l'OCDE sur l'innovation environnementale
    Series Statement: Études de l'OCDE sur l'innovation environnementale
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Energy and Climate Policy; Bending the Technological Trajectory
    Keywords: Energy ; Environment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Parce que l’innovation technologique peut permettre d’atteindre des objectifs environnementaux à moindre coût, il importe de comprendre en quoi l’élaboration des politiques de l’environnement et l’innovation technologique sont liées. Cela est particulièrement vrai dans le domaine du changement climatique, où les coûts estimés de la réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre dans l’avenir dépendent en grande partie de la trajectoire technologique empruntée par l’économie. Les politiques publiques ont sans doute le pouvoir d’accélérer le développement et la diffusion des technologies d’atténuation du changement climatique et d’adaptation à ce phénomène, mais nous disposons d’encore trop peu de données concrètes et empiriques sur le sujet. Ce rapport présente une série d’articles qui étudient dans quelle mesure l’innovation technologique peut réduire les coûts induits par la réalisation des objectifs en matière d'atténuation des changements climatiques.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264200388-fr
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    Marine Biotechnology : Enabling Solutions for Ocean Productivity and Sustainability (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264194243
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Marine biotechnology
    Keywords: Meeresnutzung ; Biotechnologie ; Bioökonomik ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Konferenzschrift ; Meeresnutzung ; Biotechnologie
    Abstract: This report considers the potential of marine biotechnology to contribute to economic and social prosperity by making use of recent advances in science and technology. It discusses scientific and technological tools at the centre of a renewed interest in marine biotechnology, contributing to a new bioeconomy sector in many countries, and offering potential new solutions to global challenges. It also examines how these advances are improving our understanding of marine life and facilitating access to, and study of, marine organisms and ecosystems, and it considers the largely untapped potential of these bioresources. This promise is considered alongside the challenges associated with the development of these resources which exist with complex ecosystems and fluidly distributed in a vast, largely shared environment. The report makes the case for a new global framework for the sustainable development of marine biotechnology and identifies some areas that will benefit from focused attention as governments develop policies to support it. In addition to this prospective view, this report identifies some early policy lessons learned by the governments which are leading attempts to benefit from bioresources.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264194243-en
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  • 29
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    Revisión de Políticas Nacionales de Educación: El Aseguramiento de la Calidad en la Educación Superior en Chile 2013 (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264191693
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (103 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Revisión de Políticas Nacionales de Educación
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education; Quality Assurance in Higher Education in Chile 2013
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology ; Chile
    Abstract: A lo largo de los últimos 50 años, la educación superior de los países de la OCDE se ha caracterizado por los fenómenos de expansión y diversificación. Chile no es una excepción a esta tendencia: se ha experimentado un aumento espectacular enel número de alumnos, así como de la oferta de nuevas instituciones y carreras. No obstante, el aumento de la participación y la diversificación del sistema sólo es una parte de la historia. La sociedad chilena sigue experimentando altas desigualdades a nivel económico y social. La calidad de la oferta de formación académica, profesional y técnica difiere entre programas e instituciones. El establecimiento de una cultura de calidad en la educación superior que vaya más allá de la acreditación, juntamente con el suministro de información fidedigna, son temas que preocupan no sólo a las instituciones, sino también a los estudiantes, los empresarios y a la sociedad chilena en general.Este informe analiza el funcionamiento del Sistema Nacional de Aseguramiento de la Calidad de la Educación Superior (SINAC-ES). El equipo de expertos de la OCDE proporciona una serie de principios básicos que cree que reflejan prácticas a nivel internacional que son de relevancia y utilidad para el caso de Chile. A lo largo del informe se encuentran una serie de recomendaciones de mejora en referencia a: el encaje del SINAC-ES en el sistema de educación superior y la sociedad chilena, el enfoque de su trabajo, su estructura y liderazgo, así como las funciones de licenciamiento, acreditación e información que desarrolla el sistema.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264191693-es
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    Interconnected Economies : Benefiting from Global Value Chains (Preliminary version) (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264189560
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Interconnected economies
    RVK:
    QM 230
    Keywords: Internationale Wirtschaft ; Internationale Produktion ; Betriebliche Wertschöpfung ; Welt ; Wirtschaftsbeziehungen ; Wirtschaftskooperation ; Wertschöpfungskette ; Nichttarifäres Handelshemmnis ; Liberalisierung ; Außenhandel ; Finance and Investment ; Science and Technology ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Erde ; Welt ; Globalisierung ; Weltwirtschaft ; Außenhandelspolitik ; Wertschöpfung
    Abstract: Global Value Chains (GVCs) have exploded in the past decade and refer to the international dispersion of design, production, assembly, marketing and distribution of services, activities, and products. Different stages in the production process are increasingly located across different economies, and intermediate inputs like parts and components are produced in one country and then exported to other countries for further production and/or assembly into final products. The functional and spatial fragmentation that has occurred within GVCs has significantly reshaped the global economic landscape, thereby raising some new major policy challenges for OECD countries and emerging countries alike: trade policy, competitiveness, upgrading and innovation and the management of global systemic risk.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264189560-en
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    Supporting Investment in Knowledge Capital, Growth and Innovation (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264193307
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (360 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Supporting investment in knowledge capital, growth and innovation
    DDC: 332.024
    Keywords: Innovation ; Wissensmanagement ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Bericht ; Forschung und Entwicklung ; Wissensmanagement ; OECD
    Abstract: Knowledge-based capital (KBC) results from business investment in non-physical assets such as R&D, data, software, patents, new business models, organizational processes, firm-specific skills and designs. This publication brings together the results of a two-year programme of work at the OECD on New Sources of Growth and the role of Knowledge-based Capital (NSG-KBC). This work shows that business investment in KBC is a key to future productivity growth and living standards. In many countries, business investment in KBC has increased faster than - and in some countries significantly exceeds - investment in physical capital (like machinery). To promote long-term growth and the jobs of tomorrow, governments must ensure that framework conditions, institutions and policies facilitate business investment in KBC. Emerging economies are also making concerted efforts to help their businesses accumulate KBC. This book sets out policy analyses and recommendations in the fields of: innovation; taxation; entrepreneurship and business development; corporate reporting; big data; competition and measurement.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193307-en
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  • 32
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    Innovation in Southeast Asia (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264128712
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (348 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation in Southeast Asia
    Keywords: Technologiepolitik ; Südostasien ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Southeast Asian (SEA) region is one of the most dynamic in the world. It is in a period of transition as its national economies become strongly integrated into global knowledge networks. Science and technology (S&T) offer opportunities for countries to ‘move up the value chain’. A better understanding of existing capabilities helps enhance mutually beneficial S&T and innovation co-operation between SEA and OECD countries. This review provides a quantitative and qualitative assessment of Southeast Asian countries’ capacity in S&T and innovation. A regional synthesis highlights current performance and intra- and extra-regional knowledge circulation, including flows between the Southeast Asian region and the established centres of knowledge production such as the EU, Japan and the United States. The country profiles describe the dynamics of national innovation systems and their relation to international knowledge flows, taking into account the wider framework conditions for innovation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264128712-en
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    What drives the dynamics of business growth? (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 91 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 1
    Keywords: Unternehmenswachstum ; Institutionelle Infrastruktur ; Arbeitsrecht ; Arbeitsschutz ; Finanzsystem ; Industrieländer ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Differences in the dynamisms of economies are persistent. Notwithstanding the growing body of evidence documenting these large cross-country differences, our understanding of what drives them is still rather limited. This paper seeks to help close this gap. Using unique data for ten countries the analysis sheds light on the factors that shape the distribution of firm growth and on what role policies play in driving cross-country differences. The paper provides new evidence on the link of labour market regulation, bankruptcy legislation, financial market development and R&D support policies with growth dynamics. The study goes beyond looking at differences in average growth rates as it analyses changes in the whole distribution of firms.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k486qtttq46-en
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    Nanotechnology for green innovation (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 5
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The paper brings together information collected through discussions and projects undertaken by the OECD Working Party on Nanotechnology (WPN) relevant to the development and use of nanotechnology for green innovation. It relies in particular on preliminary results from the WPN project on the Responsible Development of Nanotechnology and on conclusions from a symposium, organised by the OECD WPN together with the United States National Nanotechnology Initiative, which took place in March 2012 in Washington DC, United States, on Assessing the Economic Impact of Nanotechnology. It also draws on material from the four background papers that were developed for the symposium.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k450q9j8p8q-en
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  • 35
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    Policies for seed and early stage finance : finding from the 2012 OECD financing questionnaire (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 82 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 9
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report highlights the growth in support for financial instruments for seed and early stage firms across OECD member countries. These instruments include grants, loans and guarantee schemes, tax incentives and equity funds. This increased support is linked to the recent financial crisis and the growing concern about young firms’ access to finance. The paper notes that framework conditions play an important role in access to finance and must be taken into consideration as a significant part of the policy mix. Demand-side policies to develop entrepreneurial and investment talent and networks are also critical. The role of evaluation and the need to better link policy objectives and outcomes are also discussed.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k3xqsf00j33-en
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  • 36
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    Reaping the Benefits of ICTs in Spain : Strategic Study on Communication Infrastructure and Paperless Administration (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264173224
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD e-Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Reaping the benefits of ICTs in Spain
    Keywords: E-Government ; Telekommunikation ; Spanien ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Spain ; Spanien ; E-Government ; Papierloses Büro ; Telekommunikationsnetz
    Abstract: This study examines the Spanish Information Society strategy plan Avanza 2. Upon request from Spain, focus has been on two selected perspectives corresponding to overall objectives of the Plan Avanza 2: Improving the communication infrastructures and achieving a paperless administration. The e-government section on a paperless administration is grounded in the two areas of e-taxation and e-justice. Thus the study is not a comprehensive review of Plan Avanza 2 – only of selected parts.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264173224-en
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    Commercialising Public Research : New Trends and Strategies (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264193321
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Commercialising public research
    Keywords: Öffentliche Forschung ; Wissenstransfer ; Technologiepolitik ; Ausgründung ; Unternehmensgründung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Public research is the source of many of today’s technologies from the GPS and MRI to MP3 technology. Public research institutions (PRIs) and universities are also an engine of entrepreneurial ventures from biotech start-ups to Internet giants like Google. Today, globalisation, open innovation and new forms of venture financing such as crowd funding are changing the way institutions promote the transfer and commercialisation of public researcher results. This report describes recent trends in government and university level policies to enhance the transfer and exploitation of public research and benchmarks the patenting and licensing activities of PRIs and universities in a number of OECD countries and regions, including the EU, Australia, Canada, and the US. Finally, it also showcases, based on case studies of leading institutions in Finland (Aalto Center for Entrepreneurship), Germany (Fraunhofer Institute), the Czech Republic (Technology Transfer Office of the Czech Technical University), Japan (open innovation in firms), United States (National Institutes of Health) a number of good practices for increasing the number of university invention disclosures, accelerate licensing contracts and promote more open innovation practices between universities and firms.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193321-en
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  • 38
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    ICTs and the Health Sector : Towards Smarter Health and Wellness Models (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264202863
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. ICTs and the Health Sector; Towards Smarter Health and Wellness Models (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als ICTs and the health sector
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Informationstechnik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Medizinische Informatik
    Abstract: The future sustainability of health systems will depend on how well governments are able to anticipate and respond to efficiency and quality of care challenges. Bold action is required, as well as willingness to test innovative care delivery approaches. The greatest promise for transformational change is in applications that encourage new, ubiquitous, participatory preventive and personalised smart models of care. A whole new world of possibilities in using mobiles and the Internet to address healthcare challenges has opened up. The potential of mobile devices, services and applications to support self-management, behavioural modification and "participatory healthcare" is greater than ever before. A key hurdle is, however, the big data challenge, dealing with the exponentially accelerating accumulation of patient data – all of which must be mined, stored securely and accurately, and converted to meaningful information at the point of care. In order to fully exploit the new smart approaches to care, acceptance, privacy and usability issues will also have to be carefully considered.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264202863-en
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  • 39
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    The Internet Economy on the Rise : Progress since the Seoul Declaration (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264201545
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The internet economy on the rise
    RVK:
    QR 760
    Keywords: Electronic Commerce ; Internetnutzung ; OECD-Staaten ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Bericht ; Electronic Commerce ; OECD
    Abstract: This publication reviews progress made since the 2008 OECD Seoul Declaration for the Future of the Internet Economy and identifies areas for future work. Seven themes are addressed in the work as follows: High-speed infrastructure Digital content and green ICTs The development of smarter applications Cybersecurity and privacy Consumer empowerment and protection An open Internet economy Global participation for development. Overall, the review shows that the Internet economy has now reached a point where it has become a new source of growth, with the potential to boost the whole economy, to foster innovation, competitiveness and user participation, and to contribute effectively to the prosperity of society as a whole.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264201545-en
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  • 40
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    Biotechnology for the environment in the future : science, technology and policy (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 80 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 3
    Keywords: Environment ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: There are at least two policy regimes to be considered, one for environmental biotechnology, and another for industrial biotech. Environmental biotechnology is focused on biotechnologies for environmental clean-up, and much of the policy in this area is around compliance. Industrial biotechnology has quite different policy objectives and only started to grow as a field with the worldwide interest in biofuels. Much of the world now has targets for bioenergy and favourable policy regimes to stimulate production and use of biofuels, but sustainability is now a real issue for biofuels production. This should become an international theme as more countries start to adapt biofuels as part of their energy supply.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k4840hqhp7j-en
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  • 41
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    Beyond industrial policy : emerging issues and new trends (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 57 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 2
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper reviews the evidence on emerging thinking and new trends in the sphere of industrial policy. The paper adopts a broad and inclusive definition of industrial policy, and proposes a new typology based on the orientation of policy and the policy domain. Looking at a typology according to the policy domain, the paper proposes a framework based on growth accounting, which parallels the evolution of thinking about the rationale for industrial policy interventions, which has moved from a traditional approach based largely on product market interventions (production subsidies, state ownership, tariff protection), through market failure-correcting taxes and subsidies operating mainly on factor markets (R&D incentives, training subsidies, investment allowances, help with access to finance) to a focus on interventions that help build systems, create networks, develop institutions and align strategic priorities.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k4869clw0xp-en
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  • 42
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    Emerging trends in biomedicine and health technology innovation : addressing the global challenge of Alzheimer's (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 6
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The economic and social impact of chronic brain disorders (CBD) such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases will become the number one public-health problem worldwide, directly affecting 100 million people by 2050. On-going demographic trends, namely ageing populations worldwide, are leading to the unprecedented expansion of consumer demand for healthcare services. Healthcare systems worldwide soon will confront a serious crisis as a result of significant growth of the healthcare market, in a climate of shrinking resources.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k44zcpt65vc-en
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    Policies for bioplastics in the context of a bioeconomy (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 84 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 10
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper explores the development of the bioplastics sector and its role in national bioeconomy strategies. It finds that bioplastics are at a disadvantage compared to some other biobased products, notably biofuels, that often benefit from preferential treatment. It also notes that greater efforts are needed at the international level as regards standards to avoid creating barriers to international trade in bio-based products.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k3xpf9rrw6d-en
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  • 44
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    Toward new models for innovative governance of biomedicine and health technologies (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 11
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report examines examples of new and emerging governance models that aim to support the responsible development of diagnostics and treatments based on the latest advances in biomedicine. In particular, it presents programmes and initiatives that aim to manage uncertainty in the development and approval of new medical products and thereby to improve the understanding of the risk/benefit balance. It also identifies some of the main challenges for policy makers, regulators and other communities involved in the translation of biomedical innovation and health technologies from the laboratory bench to point of care.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k3v0hljnnlr-en
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  • 45
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    Regulatory frameworks for nanotechnology in foods and medical products : summary results of a survey activity (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 4
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Nanotechnology applications have been reported across a number of specific product areas including foods and medical products, which are subject to regulatory oversight in many countries to ensure their safety and, in some cases, effectiveness. As nanotechnology develops, countries/regions have begun to develop, refine, and/or articulate regulatory approaches for foods and/or medical products, and invest in regulatory science and other research efforts to support the responsible development of nanotechnology in these areas. The OECD Working Party on Nanotechnology undertook a project to provide an inventory of regulatory approaches, legislative regimes, and government-sponsored regulatory science research and other research programmes, institutions, and infrastructure in foods and medical products that involve the application of nanotechnology. A survey was carried out and the responses are compiled and analysed in this paper.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k47w4vsb4s4-en
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  • 46
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    Knowledge networks and markets (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 91 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 7
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report aims to shed light on the role of markets and networks for knowledge-based assets. Knowledge Networks and Markets (KNMs) comprise the wide array of mechanisms and institutions facilitating the creation, exchange, dissemination and utilisation of knowledge in its multiple forms. This document provides new evidence on the knowledge-sourcing strategies of firms and their role in shaping innovation activities, according to different characteristics, and their impact on performance. It proposes a conceptual framework for understanding how KNMs support knowledge flows and the transfer of intellectual property (IP) rights, supported by a number of novel examples. It considers more specifically some developments in the market for IP rights, looking in the first instance at the evidence on the size of the market and the role of intermediaries. The role of public policies in the IP marketplace is also considered, with particular emphasis on some new forms of policy interventions such as government-sponsored patent funds. This document briefly reviews some key features of the markets and networks for knowledge originating in public research organisations, as well as the role of intermediaries such as technology transfer offices, whose role has been changing rapidly in recent years. Finally, the analysis of knowledge markets is extended to the market for knowledge embodied in highly skilled employees. The mixed impact of mobility on innovation is noted, considering in particular the use of agreements to restrict the movement of human capital and the potential implications of their enforcement. Some proposals for inclusion in a future measurement agenda are outlined.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k44wzw9q5zv-en
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  • 47
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    Public health in an age of genomics (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 8
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report presents the findings of a research project to investigate the drivers and criteria shaping the application of genomic biotechnology to health in different national settings, and the barriers to implementation nationally and internationally. A case study approach was adopted for the project. The findings are based on the active participation in the survey of seven self-selected countries, including both OECD member and non-member countries (Finland, Israel, Luxembourg, Mexico, the United Kingdom, China and South Africa). The report outlines a number of potentially important patterns that are seen to emerge when the country case studies are set alongside one another and viewed in transnational perspective. The data, albeit based on limited evidence from a small sample of countries, suggest a significant divergence in the way that different countries are tending to adopt genomics for public health, which may have important implications for thinking about how genomic science and technology might best be employed in the interests of global public health.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k424rdzj3bx-en
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  • 48
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    Reviews of National Policies for Education: Quality Assurance in Higher Education in Chile 2013 (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264190597
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Reviews of National Policies for Education
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Revisión de Políticas Nacionales de Educación; El Aseguramiento de la Calidad en la Educación Superior en Chile 2013
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology ; Chile
    Abstract: Growth and diversity have characterised higher education in OECD countries for fifty years. Chile is no exception and has experienced dramatic increases in the number of students, the range of institutions and the programmes that they offer. But wider participation and diversification are only part of the story. Chilean society remains highly unequal in economic and social terms, and the quality of the academic, technical and professional programmes on offer is uneven. The establishment of a culture of quality in higher education which goes beyond accreditation, and the provision of accurate and reliable information, have become issues of concern not only to institutions, students and employers but to a wider public. This report analyses the performance of the relatively young higher education quality assurance system (SINAC-ES). It provides a set of key principles that the OECD review team believes both reflect international practice and are relevant for Chile. The report makes a set of recommendations about the place of the SINAC ES in Chilean higher education and society; the focus of its work; its structure and leadership; and the functions of licensing; accreditation and information that it carries out.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264190597-en
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  • 49
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    OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Sweden 2012 (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264184893
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (284 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Sweden
    Abstract: This OECD Review of Innovation Policy for Sweden offers a comprehensive assessment of Sweden's innovation system, focusing on the role of government. It provides concrete recommendations on how to improve policies that affect innovation performance, including R&D policies, and identifies good practices from which other countries can learn.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264184893-en
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  • 50
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    Knowledge-based Start-ups in Mexico (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264193796
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Knowledge-based start-ups in Mexico
    Keywords: Innovative KMU ; Unternehmensgründung ; Technologiepolitik ; Wissensintensives Unternehmen ; Mexiko ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Mexico
    Abstract: Over the last decade Mexico has implemented a variety of policies to support business innovation. Support instruments have included direct subsidies to firms in the framework of competitive calls and R&D tax credit schemes. Specific policies have aimed at supporting public-private partnerships and technological collaboration between public research institutes and higher education institutions and enterprises. In many instances support focused on priority sectors or technology areas, but in recent years more emphasis has been placed on support to small and medium-sized enterprises and the build-up of technology transfer capacities. This report evaluates the performance of the knowledge-based sector in Mexico and provides policy recommendations for improving the financing, creation and expansion of innovative knowledge-based start-ups.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193796-en
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  • 51
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    OECD e-Government Studies: Egypt 2013 (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264178786
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (248 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD e-Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD e-government studies
    Keywords: 2012 ; E-Government ; Ägypten ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Egypt ; Ägypten ; E-Government
    Abstract: This report analyses e-government implementation in Egypt and presents a series of recommendations for action.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264178786-en
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  • 52
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    Sparking Innovation in STEM Education with Technology and Collaboration : A Case Study of the HP Catalyst Initiative (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (113 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.91
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report highlights innovative technology-supported pedagogic models in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) education, explores what to expect from collaboration in a designed network, and, thereafter, sketches lessons for promoting educational innovation through collaboration. How can technology-supported learning help to move beyond content delivery and truly enhance STEM education so that students develop a broad mix of skills? How can collaboration be encouraged and used to help develop, spread, accelerate and sustain innovation in education? The HP Catalyst Initiative – an education grant programme by the Hewlett Packard (HP) Sustainability and Social Innovation team – is used as a case study to answer these questions.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k480sj9k442-en
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  • 53
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    OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation: Central and Southern Denmark 2012 (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264178748
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of regional innovation
    Keywords: Regionalpolitik ; Technologiepolitik ; Dänemark ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Denmark ; Dänemark ; Innovationsförderung
    Abstract: This book examines regional innovation in central and southern Denmark, looking at its role in the economy, its governance and policy context and regional strategies for innovation driven growth.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264178748-en
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  • 54
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    Knowledge Networks and Markets in the Life Sciences (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264168596
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Knowledge networks and markets in the life sciences
    Keywords: Wissenstransfer ; Biowissenschaften ; Biowissenschaften ; Wissenschaftstransfer ; Informationstechnik ; Kommunikationstechnik ; Information ; Zugang ; Informationsbeschaffung ; Geistesleben ; Biotechnologische Industrie ; Pharmazeutische Industrie ; Forschung ; Medizin ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Around the OECD countries and beyond, there is a proliferation of initiatives in the life sciences to bring together disperse elements of global research and establish an effective virtual infrastructure for open innovation. Their common goal is to leverage innovative capacity by creating interconnected webs of knowledge and exploiting external expertise. Some such initiatives have as their goal the monetisation and trading of knowledge in the form of intellectual assets. Others seek to create networks for pooling and exchange of knowledge. Together, these initiatives can be referred to as “knowledge networks and markets” (KNMs). This report considers the development of such KNMs and examines the impact of current initiatives and the possible options for governments, working with the private sector, to improve innovation efficiency and effectiveness. Improving the interoperability of knowledge resources is fundamental to the creation of a necessary shared infrastructure for efficient KNM to emerge, as is related sustainable funding and policy clarity. Governments can play a vital catalytic role in improving the productivity of KNMs through such infrastructure development and encouragement of associated social networking. the report makes suggestions for some priority actions based on existing case studies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264168596-en
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  • 55
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    Das compétences meilleures pour des emplois meilleurs et une vie meilleure : Une approche stratégique des politiques sur les compétences (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264178717
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives; A Strategic Approach to Skills Policies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bessere Kompetenzen, bessere Arbeitsplätze, ein besseres Leben; Ein strategisches Konzept für die Kompetenzpolitik
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mejores competencias, mejores empleos, mejores condiciones de vida ; Un enfoque estratégico de la políticas de competencias
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives; A Strategic Approach to Skills Policies (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Melhores competências, melhores empregos, melhores condições de vida; Uma abordagem estratégica das políticas de competências
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Bessere Kompetenzen, bessere Arbeitsplätze, ein besseres Leben: Ein strategisches Konzept für die Kompetenzpolitik
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives: A Strategic Approach to Skills Policies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives: A Strategic Approach to Skills Policies (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Mejores competencias, mejores empleos, mejores condiciones de vida: Un enfoque estratégico de la políticas de competencias
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Melhores competências, melhores empregos, melhores condições de vida: Uma abordagem estratégica das políticas de competências
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Reconnaissant la complexité des politiques relatives aux compétences mais aussi la possibilité de s’inspirer de l’expérience des pairs, l’OCDE a élaboré une Stratégie sur les compétences qui aide les pays à recenser les forces et faiblesses de leurs systèmes de compétences, à comparer ces derniers à l’échelle internationale et à élaborer des politiques pour entamer un cercle vertueux où développement des compétences rime avec amélioration de l’emploi et renforcement de la croissance économique et de la cohésion sociale. Cette publication présente une stratégie qui a pour but d’aider les pays à constituer et utiliser au mieux un vivier de compétences de grande qualité. La Stratégie de l’OCDE sur les compétences s’éloigne des mesures traditionnelles, telles que le nombre d’années passées dans l’éducation et la formation initiale ou bien les diplômes obtenus, pour adopter une perspective beaucoup plus large qui inclut les compétences que les individus peuvent acquérir, utiliser et entretenir – mais aussi perdre – tout au long de leur vie. Lorsque l’investissement dans les compétences est insuffisant, les individus restent en marge de la société, les avancées technologiques ne se traduisent pas en croissance économique et les pays perdent leur compétitivité dans une société mondiale de plus en plus fondée sur les connaissances. En outre, cette publication souligne que pour conserver leur valeur, les compétences doivent sans cesse être utilisées et mises à jour tout au long de la vie afin que les individus puissent coopérer, concourir et s’associer de façon à faire évoluer l’économie et la société.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264178717-fr
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    OECD Internet Economy Outlook 2012 (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264086463
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (296 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Internet is now a fundamental infrastructure supporting the economy and is firmly in its 2nd stage of development, having evolved from a data network connecting PCs with wires to a much broader network of new portable devices from mobile phones to tablet computers. It is also on the cusp of a much larger expansion to objects that typically did not have communications capabilities: the “Internet of things” is projected to have more connections than the people using them. This raises many important socio-economic and political issues for stakeholders to consider, as economies and societies become increasingly inter-meshed. Supported by time series data, this publication begins with an overview of trends and highlights how the Internet sector has proven to be resilient during the recent economic crisis. It then examines the various drivers and impacts of Internet use and deployment, as well as emerging technologies, broadband, e-commerce, e-health, digital content, security and privacy, and reflects on a methodology for measuring the Internet economy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264086463-en
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  • 57
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    Energy and Climate Policy : Bending the Technological Trajectory (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264174573
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (134 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Environmental Innovation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Politique énergétique et climatique ; Infléchir la trajectoire technologique
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Energy and climate policy
    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Klimapolitik ; Energietechnik ; Förderung erneuerbarer Energien ; Energiepolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Umweltpolitik ; Internationale Kooperation ; Klimaschutz ; Umwelttechnik ; Umweltverträglichkeit ; Innovation ; Energiewirtschaft ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Energy ; Environment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Technological innovation can lower the cost of achieving environmental objectives, so it is important to understand how environmental policy design and technological innovation are linked. This is particularly true in the area of climate change where the estimated future costs of reducing greenhouse gas emissions are affected greatly by the technological trajectory of the economy. While we suspect that public policy can play an important role in accelerating the development and diffusion of climate change mitigation and adaptation technologies, empirical evidence in this area remains scant. This book presents a series of papers that explore the extent to which technological innovation can lower the cost of achieving climate change mitigation objectives.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264174573-en
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  • 58
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    Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives : A Strategic Approach to Skills Policies (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264177338
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Des compétences meilleures pour des emplois meilleurs et une vie meilleure ; Une approche stratégique des politiques sur les compétences
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bessere Kompetenzen, bessere Arbeitsplätze, ein besseres Leben; Ein strategisches Konzept für die Kompetenzpolitik
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mejores competencias, mejores empleos, mejores condiciones de vida ; Un enfoque estratégico de la políticas de competencias
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives; A Strategic Approach to Skills Policies (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Melhores competências, melhores empregos, melhores condições de vida; Uma abordagem estratégica das políticas de competências
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better skills, better jobs, better lives
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Fachkräfte ; Berufsbildungspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Science and Technology ; Berufliche Qualifikation ; Berufsbildungspolitik ; Arbeitsmarkt ; OECD
    Abstract: Recognising both the complexity of skills policies and the potential for peer learning, the OECD has developed a global Skills Strategy that helps countries to identify the strengths and weaknesses of their national skills systems, benchmark them internationally, and develop policies that can transform better skills into better jobs, economic growth and social inclusion. This book presents a strategy that will help countries reach the goal of having and making the best use of a high-quality pool of skills. The OECD Skills Strategy shifts the focus from traditional measures of skills, such as years of initial education and training or qualifications attained, to a much broader perspective that includes the skills people can acquire, use and maintain–and also lose–over a whole lifetime. Without sufficient investment in skills, people languish on the margins of society, technological progress does not translate into economic growth, and countries can no longer compete in an increasingly knowledge-based global society. In addition, the book points out that for skills to retain their value, they must be continuously maintained and upgraded throughout life so that people can collaborate, compete and connect in ways that drive economies and societies forward.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264177338-en
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  • 59
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    Reviews of National Policies for Education: Tertiary Education in Colombia 2012 (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264180697
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (320 p.)
    Series Statement: Reviews of National Policies for Education
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Evaluaciones de Políticas Nacionales de Educación; La Educación Superior en Colombia
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Tertiary education in Colombia 2012
    Keywords: Studium ; Kolumbien ; Education ; Science and Technology ; Colombia ; Kolumbien ; Tertiärbereich
    Abstract: In Colombia, the beginning of a new century has brought with it a palpable feeling of optimism. Colombians and visitors sense that the country’s considerable potential can be realised, and education is rightly seen as crucial to this process. As opportunities expand, Colombians will need new and better skills to respond to new challenges and prospects. The government is therefore determined to address key challenges confronting tertiary education in the country: expanding enrolment and improving equity, increasing quality and relevance, and making governance and finance more responsive. Colombia has more than a decade of progress under its belt, and the energy to reach ambitious policy goals. Getting there in practice will involve dialogue and consensus-seeking among all stakeholders, as well as new resources and new rules.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264180697-en
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  • 60
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    Invention et transfert de technologies environnementales (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264168497
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (281 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: tudes de l'OCDE sur l'innovation environnementale
    Series Statement: Études de l'OCDE sur l'innovation environnementale
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Invention and Transfer of Environmental Technologies
    Keywords: Environment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Mieux comprendre la relation entre action publique et innovation environnementale est indispensable pour concevoir des politiques environnementales écologiquement efficaces et économiquement efficientes. Or on ne dispose guère d’éléments concrets pour ce faire. Pour tenter de combler cette lacune, cette série de publications rassemble les résultats d’un certain nombre de projets entrepris par la Direction de l’environnement de l’OCDE et analyse le lien entre politique de l’environnement et innovation. Le présent ouvrage est une compilation d’études empiriques consacrées aux effets des politiques d’environnement sur la création et la diffusion d’innovations visant à réduire l’impact environnemental des modes de production et de consommation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264168497-fr
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  • 61
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    Transferable Skills Training for Researchers : Supporting Career Development and Research (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264179721
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Box, Sarah Transferable skills training for researchers
    Keywords: Wissenschaftler ; Qualifikation ; Karriereplanung ; Science and Technology ; Wissenschaftler ; Qualifikation ; Karriereplanung
    Abstract: Researchers are embarking on increasingly diverse careers where collaboration, networking and interdisciplinarity are becoming more important. Transferable skills (e.g. communication skills and problem-solving abilities) can help researchers operate more effectively in different work environments. While researchers acquire some of these skills in the course of studies and work, attention is turning to the role of formal training. This study analyses countries' government and institutional level policies on formal training in transferable skills for researchers, from doctoral students through to experienced research managers. It draws on results from a cross-country policy quesionnaire on transferable skills training strategies and programmes, including formal training and workplace-based options, as well as discussions at a policy-oriented workshop with OECD delegates and experts. The study represents a first step to analysing transferable skills for researchers in OECD countries. The study points to the significant role of individual institutions in setting strategies and providing transferable skills training programmes. While the scope for governments to improve on current arrangements is difficult to assess, the study suggests policy makers could boost policy monitoring and evaluation, facilitate dialogue between academia and industry, encourage workplace-based training options, and leverage collaborative research to support transferable skills training for researchers at all levels.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264179721-en
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    OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Slovenia 2012 (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264167407
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Slovenia
    Abstract: This review of innovation policy in Slovenia offers a comprehensive assessment of Slovenia's innovation system, focusing on the role of government. It provides concrete recommendations and identifies good practices.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264167407-en
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    Estudio de la OCDE sobre políticas y regulación de telecomunicaciones en México (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264166790
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Review of Telecommunication Policy and Regulation in Mexico
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Mexico
    Abstract: El presente estudio ha sido realizado por la Dirección de Ciencia, Tecnología e Industria de la ocde (dsti) bajo los auspicios del Comité de Políticas de la Información, Informática y Comunicación (Comité iccp) en respuesta a una solicitud del gobierno de México, a instancias de la Comisión Federal de Telecomunicaciones (Cofetel), y a través de la Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes (sct), por ser ambas instituciones las encargadas de representar a México en el Comité iccp. La revisión de la ocde de la política y la regulación de las telecomunicaciones tomó como base las respuestas de las autoridades mexicanas a un cuestionario, así como los resultados de una extensa serie de entrevistas realizadas a los principales actores del sector de las telecomunicaciones durante una misión de investigación efectuada en México. El informe fue objeto de una revisión de pares en el Comité iccp el 27 de octubre de 2011, siendo la revisión encabezada por la doctora Mónica Ariño (Ofcom, Reino Unido) y el señor François Lions (arcep, Francia). Se terminó a principios de noviembre de 2011 y refleja los avances hasta ese momento.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264166790-es
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    OECD Review of Telecommunication Policy and Regulation in Mexico (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264060111
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Estudio de la OCDE sobre políticas y regulación de telecomunicaciones en México
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD review of telecommunication policy and regulation in Mexico
    Keywords: Telekommunikationspolitik ; Regulierung ; Mexiko ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Mexico ; Mexiko ; Telekommunikationspolitik ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This publication reviews the telecommunication market in Mexico, examines the current policy and regulatory framework of the sector and puts forward proposals for reform in order to develop competition in the market.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264060111-en
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    OECD Best Practice Guidelines for Biological Resource Centres (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264128767
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (115 p)
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: These best practice guidelines are intended to serve as a target for the quality management of biological resource center collections. They are the result of discussions held by OECD member countries together with a number of key partner countries under the auspices of an expert Task Force established by the OECD Working Party on Biotechnology. They were developed in extensive consultation with the scientific community.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264128767-en
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    Meeting Global Challenges through Better Governance : International Co-operation in Science, Technology and Innovation (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264178700
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Meeting global challenges through better governance
    Keywords: Forschungskooperation ; Globalisierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Technologie ; Wissenschaft ; Innovation ; Internationale Kooperation ; Klimaänderung ; Umweltgefährdung ; Weltproblematik ; Science and Technology ; Erde ; Internationale Organisation
    Abstract: In recent years, the need to address social and environmental challenges has grown in urgency. Climate change, global health, food security and many other global challenges cross national borders and affect a wide range of actors. Yet, in most cases, single governments cannot provide effective solutions. Global challenges call for co-operation on a global scale to build capacity in science, technology and innovation (STI) at both national and international levels. How can international co-operation in STI be scaled up and its scope broadened? How do different modes of governance of international co-operation in STI function and which modes lead to effective and efficient collaboration? Based on case studies, this book presents lessons and good practices on a range of governance mechanisms used for international co-operation in STI to address global challenges. The studies cover organisations that address global challenges including agriculture, food security, health, energy and climate change as well as organisations that bring together various types of actors. It takes a first step towards understanding the complexity of governance of international STI collaboration and provides the basis for future research.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264178700-en
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    Improving Agricultural Knowledge and Innovation Systems : OECD Conference Proceedings (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264167445
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (372 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Improving agricultural knowledge and innovation systems
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Science and Technology ; Konferenzschrift 2011 ; Wissensbasiertes System ; Innovation ; Landwirtschaft
    Abstract: This conference proceedings from the OECD Conference on Agricultural Knowledge Systems (AKS), held in Paris, on 15-17 June 2011, discusses a large range of experiences and approaches to AKS explores how to foster development and adoption of innovation to meet global food security and climate change challenges. The conference considered developments in institutional frameworks, public and private roles and partnerships, regulatory frameworks conducive to innovation, the adoption of innovations and technology transfers, and the responsiveness of AKS to broader policy objectives.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264167445-en
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    Rapport sur la protection des consommateurs dans les paiements en ligne et mobiles (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (49 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.204
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Report on Consumer Protection in Online and Mobile Payments
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Cet examen de la problématique des paiements s’inscrit dans le cadre de la revue des Lignes directrices de l’OCDE de 1999 sur le commerce électronique. Le rapport examine dans quelle mesure les principes relatifs aux paiements énoncés dans les Lignes directrices ainsi que ceux concernant l’information du consommateur, la loyauté des pratiques commerciales, le règlement des litiges et les recours, apportent une réponse adaptée aux problèmes liés aux mécanismes nouveaux et émergents des paiements en ligne et mobiles. Le rapport examine les éléments qu’il conviendrait de développer davantage, ou de modifier, pour améliorer la confiance des consommateurs dans ce domaine.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k948kg5ftq5-fr
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  • 69
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    Méthodologie de construction des paniers de haut débit sans fil (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (7 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.205
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Methodology for Constructing Wireless Broadband Price Baskets
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: L'OCDE a adopté une nouvelle méthodologie pour les paniers de prix des services mobiles haut débit sans fil. Ceci s'ajoute aux paniers déjà existants pour les services vocaux (fixes et mobiles), les lignes louées et les services haut débit fixe, reflétant l'importance grandissante des services haut débit sans fil pour les ordinateurs portables, les tablettes et les smartphones.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k92s6v6cnkb-fr
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    Bessere Kompetenzen, bessere Arbeitsplätze, ein besseres Leben : Ein strategisches Konzept für die Kompetenzpolitik (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264179479
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (130 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives; A Strategic Approach to Skills Policies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Des compétences meilleures pour des emplois meilleurs et une vie meilleure ; Une approche stratégique des politiques sur les compétences
    RVK:
    DL 2000
    RVK:
    MS 7050
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Da sie sich sowohl der Komplexität der Kompetenzpolitik als auch der Möglichkeiten eines gegenseitigen Lernprozesses bewusst ist, hat die OECD eine globale Kompetenzstrategie ausgearbeitet, die den Ländern dabei helfen soll, die Stärken und Schwächen ihrer Qualifikationssysteme zu identifizieren, sie im internationalen Vergleich zu betrachten und Maßnahmen auszuarbeiten, mit denen erreicht werden kann, dass Kompetenzen zu besseren Arbeitsplätzen, einem höheren Wirtschaftswachstum und mehr sozialer Inklusion führen. Diese Publikation stellt eine Strategie vor, die den Ländern bei der Verwirklichung des Ziels der Heranbildung und optimalen Nutzung eines hervorragenden Pools an Kompetenzen helfen wird. Die Skills Strategy der OECD beinhaltet eine Umorientierung von traditionellen Messgrößen des Kompetenzniveaus, z.B. der Zahl der formalen Bildungsjahre oder den erworbenen Bildungsabschlüssen, hin zu einer wesentlich weiter gefassten Messgröße, die sich auf die Kompetenzen erstreckt, die Menschen im Verlauf ihres gesamten Lebens erwerben, nutzen, pflegen und u.U. auch wieder verlieren können. Wird nicht ausreichend in Kompetenzen investiert, müssen Menschen ein unbefriedigendes Leben am Rande der Gesellschaft fristen, kann sich technischer Fortschritt nicht in Wirtschaftswachstum niederschlagen und können Länder in einer weltweit zunehmend wissensbasierten Gesellschaft nicht mehr im Wettbewerb mithalten. Zudem müssen Kompetenzen, wie in der Publikation betont wird, während des ganzen Lebens kontinuierlich gepflegt und erweitert werden, damit sie ihren Wert nicht verlieren und es den Menschen ermöglichen, miteinander in einer Weise zusammenzuarbeiten, zu konkurrieren und zu kommunizieren, die Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft voranbringt.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264179479-de
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    Digital Divide: From Computer Access to Online Activities A Micro Data Analysis (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 73 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.189
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This study addresses issues of digital divide among households and individuals by using micro-data analysis of ICT usage patterns. The analysis includes data from 18 European countries, Korea and Canada. Inequalities in computer and Internet use are analysed in a two-step approach. First, the paper tries to better quantify and understand the factors that separate the ‘haves’ and the ‘have-nots’. Second, it tries to explain observed differences in the frequency and type of Internet use as a result of the socio-economic characteristics of households and individuals.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kg0lk60rr30-en
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  • 72
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    Workforce Skills and Innovation : An Overview of Major Themes in the Literature (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 74 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.55
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This paper provides an account of the main approaches, debates and evidence in the literature on the role of workforce skills in the innovation process in developed economies. It draws on multiple sources including the innovation studies discipline, neoclassical Human Capital theory, institutionalist labour market studies and the work organisation discipline. Extensive use is also made of official survey data to describe and quantify the diversity of skills and occupations involved in specific types of innovation activities.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kgk6hpnhxzq-en
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  • 73
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    International Mobile Data Roaming (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 36 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.180
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Regulators and policy makers should boost competition among mobile telephone operators to cut the high prices being charged for international data roaming. Analysis of pricing plans at 68 operators in the 34 OECD countries points to a strong case for new consumer protection and empowerment measures.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kg9zb67l6r3-en
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    National Strategies and Policies for Digital Identity Management in OECD Countries (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 90 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.177
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This paper analyses and compares national strategies for digital identity management in OECD countries. These strategies aim to drive innovation for e-government and for the broader Internet economy while remaining consistent with current national identity practices.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kgdzvn5rfs2-en
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    Fostering Innovation for Green Growth (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264119925
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Green Growth Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Fostering innovation for green growth
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Innovation ; Technologiepolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; OECD ; Umweltschutz ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: Innovation is key to green growth. It helps decouple growth from natural capital depletion and contributes to economic growth and job creation. Business is the driver of innovation, but governments need to provide clear and stable market signals, e.g. through carbon pricing. This book explores policy actions for the deployment of new technologies and innovations as they emerge: investment in research and development, support for commercialisation, strengthening markets and fostering technology diffusion. Competition will be essential to bring out the best solutions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264119925-en
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  • 76
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    Report on the Implementation of the OECD Recommendation on Cross-border Co-operation in the Enforcement of Laws Protecting Privacy (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.178
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: In 2007, the OECD Council adopted a Recommendation setting forth a framework for co-operation in the enforcement of privacy laws. This report provides information on the progress in implementation measures, which is based in part on a survey of OECD member countries’ experiences.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kgdpm9wg9xs-en
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  • 77
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    Regulation of Transborder Data Flows under Data Protection and Privacy Law : Past, Present and Future (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 39 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.187
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Transborder data flows have become increasingly important in economic, political, and social terms over the 30 years since the adoption, in 1980, of the OECD Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data. A fundamental change in the business and technological environment for data processing is also taking place, driven by developments such as the increased globalisation of the world economy; the growing economic importance of data processing; the ubiquity of data transfers over the Internet; greater direct involvement of individuals in transborder data flows; the changing role of geography; and growing risks to the privacy of individuals. Despite these fundamental changes in the data processing landscape, and the growth in the regulation of transborder data flows in numerous countries, there has been little attempt so far to conduct a systematic inventory of such regulation at a global level; to examine the policies underlying it; and to consider whether those policies need to be re-evaluated. This study is designed to describe the present status of transborder data flow regulation, and to provoke reflection about its aims, operation, and effectiveness, now and in the future.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kg0s2fk315f-en
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  • 78
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    Fibre Access : Network Developments in the OECD Area (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.182
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report examines recent developments regarding the use of fibre to provide local access networks for the provision of broadband access. Countries across the OECD are adopting different approaches to stimulate investment and to define the terms of competition to end-users in a Fibre to the Home/Building (FTTH/B) world.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kg9sqzz9mlx-en
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  • 79
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    The Evolving Privacy Landscape: 30 Years After the OECD Privacy Guidelines (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 50 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.176
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Thirty years ago OECD governments adopted a set of Guidelines governing the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data. Faced with twin concerns about threats to privacy from more intensive use of personal data and the risk to the global economy of restrictions on the flow of information, the OECD produced the first internationally agreed statement of the core privacy protection principles. The Guidelines represent an international consensus on personal data protection in the public and private sectors. They have influenced the development of national legislation and model codes within OECD member countries, and beyond. This report begins by recalling the development and influence of the Guidelines. It then describes a number of current trends in the processing of personal data and the privacy risks in this evolving environment. It identifies some of the challenges that today’s environment brings for protecting privacy under existing approaches, and highlights a number of current initiatives and innovative approaches to privacy. Particular attention is focused on the impact of the Internet and other technologies, consistent with the issues and priorities highlighted in the 2008 Seoul Ministerial on the Future of the Internet Economy. The report aims to take a broad view of the current landscape for privacy, with a primary focus on economic activities. It does not describe in detail the myriad of initiatives to implement the Privacy Guidelines in OECD countries and beyond.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kgf09z90c31-en
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  • 80
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    The Protection of Children Online : Risks Faced by Children Online and Policies to Protect Them (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 105 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.179
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: As increasing numbers of children worldwide enjoy the benefits of the Internet, they also face a spectrum of risks to which they are more vulnerable than adults. This report examines these risks as well as the policy responses of governments and other stakeholders to improve the protection of children online.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kgcjf71pl28-en
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    Skills for Innovation and Research (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264097490
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Box, Sarah Skills for innovation and research
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Innovation ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Innovation holds the key to ongoing improvements in living standards, as well as to solving pressing social challenges. Skilled people play a crucial role in innovation through the new knowledge they generate, how they adopt and develop existing ideas, and through their ability to learn new competencies and adapt to a changing environment. This book seeks to increase understanding of the links between skills and innovation. It explores the wide range of skills required, ranging from technical to "soft", and the ability to learn; it presents data and evidence on countries' stocks and flows of skills and the links between skill inputs and innovation outputs. Given the importance of meeting the demands of knowledge-based economic activity, the book investigates the issues of skill supply, education, workplace training and work organisation. It highlights the importance of enabling individuals to acquire appropriate skills and of optimising these at work.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264097490-en
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  • 82
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    OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Peru 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264128392
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (228 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Peru
    Abstract: This book provides a comprehensive assessment of the innovation system of Peru, focusing on the role of government. It provides concrete recommendations and identifies good practices on how to improve policies that affect innovation performance, including R&D policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264128392-en
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  • 83
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    Business Innovation Policies : Selected Country Comparisons (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264115668
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD Business innovation policies
    Keywords: Technologiepolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Forschung und Entwicklung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: This study is concerned with trends in and key features of policies and programmes used by governments to support innovation in the business sector. In addition to identifying good practices across a range of programme types, it compares business innovation policies across several countries, with a particular focus on Canada.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264115668-en
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  • 84
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    Next Generation Access Networks and Market Structure (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 106 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.183
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report focuses on developments in broadband market structures emerging from the deployment of high-speed broadband services and the policy and regulatory implications.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kg9qgnr866g-en
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  • 85
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    Terms of Reference for the Review of the OECD Guidelines Governing the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Data Flows of Personal Data (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 7 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.185
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: These terms of reference articulate a shared view among OECD members about key aspects of the current context for privacy protection and provide orientation for further work on the review of the OECD Privacy Guidelines in light of changing technologies, markets and user behaviour and the growing importance of digital identities.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kg2b7l7pljk-en
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  • 86
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    ICT and Initial Teacher Education : National Policies (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 55 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.61
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This working paper aims to give an overview of the national policies that exist in the field of ICT and initial teacher education. Information on this topic was initially gathered via a survey, in the form of a country questionnaire, which was conducted as part of the analytical strand of the OECD study entitled “ICT and Initial Teacher Education”. In addition, desk research was conducted for 31 OECD countries. All of this work has been carried out under the auspices of the New Millennium Learners project. Responses to the survey were received from the following countries: Austria, Australia, Belgium (Flanders), Chile, Denmark, Finland, Poland, Slovakia, Spain, and the United Kingdom...
    DOI: 10.1787/5kg57kjj5hs8-en
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    OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation: Basque Country, Spain 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264097377
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (137 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of regional innovation
    DDC: 338/.06409466
    Keywords: Regionalpolitik ; Technologiepolitik ; Baskenland ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Spain ; Baskenland ; Innovationsförderung ; Regionalpolitik
    Abstract: The Basque Country region in Spain is world renowned for a successful industrial transformation, the urban regeneration of Bilbao, cultural distinctiveness, unique governance arrangements and high wealth levels. Over the last 30 years, the region has implemented its science, technology and innovation (STI) policy driven by a need to boost industrial competitiveness. The role of total factor productivity and innovation in driving growth was significant in the 1990s and declined in the early part of this decade, but appears to be on the rise again thanks in part to significant increases in public and private investment in innovation. The Basque Country has begun a transition from a model of incremental innovation in manufacturing to a model increasingly based on science and other forms of knowledge. Through a diagnostic of the innovation system and the policy mix, the review offers some policy and governance recommendations to achieve the region’s desired transition in light of global trends in the innovation process and innovation policy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264097377-en
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  • 88
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    OECD Guide to Measuring the Information Society 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264113541
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (206 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: This OECD Guide to Measuring the Information Society is a compilation of concepts, definitions, classifications and methods for information society measurement and analysis.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264113541-en
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  • 89
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    National Broadband Plans (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.181
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report surveys national broadband plans (NBP) across the OECD area, providing an overview of common elements and goals in those plans. An annex to this report contains references and links to the plans.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kg9sr5fmqwd-en
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  • 90
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    Virtual Worlds : Immersive Online Platforms for Collaboration, Creativity and Learning (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 50 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.184
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Virtual worlds are increasingly evolving into Internet-mediated “spaces”, where large groups of people meet and interact in real-time while experiencing a shared sensation of being there together. This enables richer and more dynamic social interaction and collaboration across national and cultural boundaries over the Internet compared to other traditional ICT-based collaboration environments.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kg9qgnpjmjg-en
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  • 91
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    Digital Identity Management for Natural Persons : Enabling Innovation and Trust in the Internet Economy - Guidance for Government Policy Makers (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 11 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.186
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report explains why digital identity management is fundamental for the further development of the Internet economy. It also provides guidance for digital identity strategies that support innovation across the public and private sectors while enhancing security, privacy and trust online.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kg1zqsm3pns-en
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  • 92
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    Measuring Digital Local Content (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 27 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.188
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This paper discusses the ways to quantify the local content that can be delivered through the internet. Several indicators are proposed; for each indicator the paper discusses available data, presents strengths of a given measure and outlines its potential drawbacks.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kg0s294n9kf-en
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  • 93
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    Broadband Bundling : Trends and Policy Implications (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 67 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.175
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Bundling can provide both benefits and drawbacks to broadband customers. In general, bundled services are less expensive when purchased together and consumer surplus from one good in the bundle can help “subsidise” another less-valued element. Bundling also allows the integration of products in a way that benefits consumers such as by giving them unified billing, a common helpline number or the integration of voice mail message retrieval via the television set...
    DOI: 10.1787/5kghtc8znnbx-en
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  • 94
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    Intellectual Assets and Innovation : The SME Dimension (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264118263
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Intellectual assets and innovation
    Keywords: Immaterielle Werte ; Immaterialgüterrechte ; Innovationsmanagement ; KMU ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Innovation
    Abstract: Intellectual Property Rights can be instrumental for SMEs to protect and build on their innovations; position themselves competitively vis-à-vis larger enterprises in global markets; gain access to revenues; signal current and prospective value to investors, competitors and partners; access knowledge markets and networks; open up new commercial pathways; or segment existing markets. However, while there is increasing recognition of their significance, as well as the need for appropriate intellectual asset management for SMEs across OECD countries, there are few regulatory frameworks or specific instruments directed to SMEs. This is in part due the pace of technological innovation, which often exceeds the time it takes for policy makers to create appropriate responses to the changing landscape of intellectual property. This study explores the relations between SME intellectual asset management, innovation and competitiveness in different national and sectoral contexts. It provides insights on the ability of SMEs to access and utilise the protection systems available to them and identifies key challenges for SMEs in appropriating full value from IPRs. It also investigates effectiveness of regulatory frameworks and policy measures to support SME access to IPRs, identifying best practices and proposing policy recommendations
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264118263-en
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  • 95
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    Demand-side Innovation Policies (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264098886
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Demand-side innovation policies
    Keywords: Technologiepolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Innovationsförderung ; Sozioökonomischer Wandel ; Effektivität ; Entwicklung ; Tendenz ; Beispiel ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Erde
    Abstract: Demand-side innovation policies have been receiving increasing interest from a number of OECD countries in recent years in the context of slow growth and lagging productivity performance. Pressures on fiscal budgets in the aftermath of the financial crisis have also motivated governments to seek ways to boost innovation without necessarily engaging in new programme spending, primarily to meet social demands in areas such as health, energy or the environment. This book examines dynamics between demand and innovation and provides insights into the rationale and scope for public policies to foster demand for innovation. It shows the potential - but also the limits - of using public procurement, regulations or standards to stimulate public and private demand for innovation, including among SMEs. Drawing on country experience and case studies, this report illustrates good practices for designing, implementing and evaluating demand-side innovation policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264098886-en
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  • 96
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    OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Russian Federation 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264113138
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: The OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Russian Federation offers a comprehensive assessement of the innovation system of the Russian Federation, focusing on the role of government. It provides concrete recommendations on how to improve policies that affect innovation performance, including R&D policies. It also identifies good practice from which other countries can learn.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264113138-en
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  • 97
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    The Space Economy at a Glance 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264113565
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , ill.
    Keywords: Development ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Space applications have become an important part of everyday life. Weather forecasting, air traffic control, global communications and broadcasting, disaster management -- these and many other key activities would be almost unthinkable today without satellite technology. The space industry itself is relatively small compared to other manufacturing sectors, but its technological dynamism and strategic significance mean that it plays an ever more critical role in modern society. This book assembles information on the space economy from a wide range of official and non-official sources. Together these paint a richly detailed picture of the space industry, its downstream services activities, and its wider economic and social impacts. Who are the main space-faring nations? How large are revenues and how much employment is there in the sector? How much R&D goes on, and where? What is the value of spin-offs from space spending? Answers to these and other questions are provided in this second OECD statistical overview of the emerging space economy. A dynamic link (StatLink) is provided for graphs, which directs the user to a web page where the corresponding data are available in Excel® format.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264111790-en
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  • 98
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    Attractiveness for Innovation : Location Factors for International Investment (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264104815
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Attractiveness for innovation
    Keywords: Innovation ; Auslandsinvestition ; Multinationales Unternehmen ; Standortfaktor ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; OECD ; Innovation ; Direktinvestition ; Multinationales Unternehmen
    Abstract: Attractiveness for investment in innovation is high on the policy agenda in many countries as innovation is a key factor of growth and competitiveness in OECD countries. Virtually all governments are keen to attract international investment by multinational enterprises (MNEs) as a means to promote growth and employment, create new jobs and bring in new technologies. While all countries and regions have some policy measures in place that are aimed at increasing their attractiveness for innovation, it is less clear if these policies are effective. This report analyses the current trends in international investment in innovation and the attractiveness policies already implemented. These are often based on the more traditional instruments for attracting international investment. The book also explores in more detail the role of investment incentives that governments tend to give to international investors: their rationale, their impact and their usefulness. The evidence presented in this report raises clear policy issues and questions existing policies. A number of policy principles are formulated to guide policy makers.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264104815-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 99
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    Future Prospects for Industrial Biotechnology (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264126633
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Future prospects for industrial biotechnology
    DDC: 338.476208
    Keywords: Biotechnologie ; Biotechnologie-Industrie ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The field of industrial biotechnology has moved rapidly in recent years as a combined result of international political desire, especially in the case of biofuels, and unprecedented progress in molecular biology research that has supplied the enabling technologies. Different geographical regions have different priorities, but common drivers are climate change mitigation and the desire for energy independence. Now, industrial biotechnology has reached the centre of scientific and political attention. At no time in the past has there been a more pressing need for coherent, evidence-based, proportionate regulations and policy measures; they are at the heart of responsible development of industrial biotechnology. This publication examines the international drivers, the enabling technologies that are fast-tracking Industrial Biotechnology, industry trends, some of the products that are appearing on the market, industry structure and finance, and finally policy measures and trends. It examines separately biofuels, biobased chemicals and bioplastics. It is quite clear that a supportive policy framework for the development of biofuels exists in many countries, but that no such framework is in place for biobased chemicals and bioplastics. This seems at odds with the apparent need for the integrated biorefinery, where chemicals and plastics production will significantly improve profitability when produced alongside transportation fuels.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264126633-en
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  • 100
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    Invention and Transfer of Environmental Technologies (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264115620
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (237 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Environmental Innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Invention et transfert de technologies environnementales
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Invention and transfer of environmental technologies
    Keywords: Umwelttechnik ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Technologietransfer ; Umweltpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Electronic books ; Umweltpolitik ; Umwelttechnik ; Forschung und Entwicklung ; Technologiepolitik ; Technologietransfer
    Abstract: Inducing environmental innovation is a significant challenge to policy-makers. Efforts to design public policies that address these issues are motivated by the fact that innovations can allow for improved environmental quality at lower cost. However, the relationship between environmental policy and technological innovation remains an area in which empirical evidence is scant. Increased attention should be paid to the design characteristics of public policies that are likely to affect the ‘type’ of innovation induced. The work presented in this book is brought together in five substantive chapters: environmental policy design characteristics and their role in inducing innovation, the role of public policies (including multilateral agreements) in encouraging transfer of environmental technologies, followed by three ‘sectoral’ studies of innovation in alternative fuel vehicles, solid waste management and recycling, and green (sustainable) chemistry. While particular focus has been placed on the role of environmental policy in bringing about the innovation documented, it is recognised that other factors play a key role in inducing innovation which has positive environmental implications.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264115620-en
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