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  • 1990-1994  (109)
  • Dordrecht : Springer  (109)
  • Humanities  (73)
  • Phenomenology  (38)
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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
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    The Natural Sciences and the Social Sciences : Some Critical and Historical Perspectives (1994)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401733915
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXXVI, 412 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 150
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 150
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Social sciences Methodology ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Sociology—Methodology.
    Kurzfassung: Natural Sciences and the Social Sciences contains a series of explorations of the different ways in which the social sciences have interacted with the natural sciences. Usually, such interactions are considered to go only `one way': from the natural to the social sciences. But there are several important essays in this volume which show how developments in the social sciences have affected the natural sciences - even the `hard' science of physics. Other essays deal with various types of interaction since the Scientific Revolution. In his general introductory chapter, Cohen sets some general themes concerning analogies and homologies and the use of metaphors, drawing specific examples from the use of concepts of physics by marginalist economists and of developments in the life sciences by organismic sociologists. The remaining chapters, which explore the different ways in which the social sciences and the natural sciences have actually interacted, are written by leaders in the field of history of science, drawn from a wide range of countries and disciplines. The book will be of great interest to all historians of science, philosophers interested in questions of methodology, economists and sociologists, and all social scientists concerned with the history of their subject and its foundations
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3391-5
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  • 2
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    Technology, Pessimism, and Postmodernism (1994)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401108768
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 218 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Sociology of the Sciences 17
    Serie: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 17
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Technology Philosophy ; History ; Technology—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This is the first systematic examination of the contemporary and prior connections between technological progress and pessimism over the future. If the hallmark of the Enlightenment was a firm belief in technology as a principal instrument of universal progress, the hallmark of postmodernism may well be skepticism, even despair, over technology's role in shaping our world. This book incorporates the perspectives of historians, political scientists, philosophers, and literary scholars to illuminate the origins, evolution, and influence of technological pessimism and to evaluate its long-term prospects. The volume should appeal to specialists in technology studies and the history of ideas but also to general readers concerned with these dilemmas of technological progress
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-0876-8
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  • 3
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    From the Sacred to the Divine : A New Phenomenological Approach (1994)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401108461
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 358 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 43
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Religion—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The contemporary revival of interest in the Sacred as a category of philosophico-religious reflection here finds a radical reversal of the traditional direction, taking the Sacred as the starting point of the itinerary toward the Divine. The wide variety of essays contained in this volume attempt to ground philosophy of the Sacred and the Divine in phenomenological evidence. Though employing different methodologies, the contributors register by and large the contribution of A-T. Tymieniecka's phenomenology of life in providing a significant 20th century vision for the accomplishment of this task. Its pursuit finds here expression in philosophical, historical, literary and political explorations leading to construing phenomenology of the Sacred as a prerequisite to the investigation of the Divine. The contributors to this extraordinary collection are: C. Bédard, A. Ales Bello, Gerard Bucher, D. Chidester, D. Conchi, M. Kronegger, S. Laycock, Ph. Liverziani, J.N. Mohanty, E. Moutsopoulos, A.M. Olson, Y. Park, G. Penzo, B. Ross, C. Osowiec Ruoff, Th. Ryba, J. Smith, A-T. Tymieniecka and E. Wyschogrod
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-0846-1
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  • 4
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    The Question of Hermeneutics : Essays in Honor of Joseph J. Kockelmans (1994)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401111607
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (508p. 1 illus) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology 17
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 17
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Aesthetics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: The essays included in this volume are illustrative of the depth and breadth of possibilities provided by hermeneutic philosophy and by a hermeneutically oriented phenomenology. Among the topics considered, the questions explored, are: How is hermeneutics situated within the general, twentieth century philosophical climate? What is its genuine essence, its logos? How does hermeneutics relate to traditional philosophy? To Kant? To Hegel? To Husserl? What possibilities does hermeneutics offer for a philosophy of the future? What does it have to say about science, about art, about values, about rationality and its limits, about what it means to be who we are? Such are the questions of this volume, The Question of Hermeneutics. Contributors include such well known philosophers as Otto Pöggeler, Karl-Otto Apel, Calvin Schrag, Walter Biemel, James Edie, Thomas Seebohm, Adriaan Peperzak, and others
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-1160-7
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  • 5
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    Aspectual Roles and the Syntax-Semantics Interface (1994)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401111508
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (260p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 52
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    Schlagwort(e): Semantics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Humanities ; Linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Semiotics. ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax.
    Kurzfassung: This book presents a theory of the interface between lexical semantics and syntax, in which aspect plays a central role. The aspectual properties that figure in the linking between syntax and semantics are expressed through `aspectual roles', assigned by a verb to its arguments. A number of lexical semantic phenomena can be expressed as operations over aspectual roles, and syntactic phenomena can be classified according to whether or not they are sensitive to the presence of aspectual roles. The theory is independent of any particular model of syntax (such as GB or LFG). This theory proposes a modular relationship between aspectual role information, and conceptual or thematic representations of lexical semantic information. Language-specific generalizations about linking are argued to be expressed in thematic or conceptual representations, while universal linking generalizations are expressed in aspectual representations. Consequently, this theory has implications for language acquisition. A number of recent works have treated aspect of lexical semantics or argument structure in their own right, but none have focused on aspect as central in the relation between lexical semantics and syntactic argument structure
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-1150-8
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  • 6
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    The Radical Choice and Moral Theory : Through Communicative Argumentation to Phenomenological Subjectivity (1994)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401105019
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (201p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 45
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Ethics ; Phenomenology ; Anthropology ; Philosophy of mind. ; Self.
    Kurzfassung: In a crisp, original style the author approaches the crucial question of moral theory, the `is--ought' problem via communicative argumentation. Moving to the end of Habermas's conception of the communicative action, he introduces the concept of `radical choice' as the key to the transition from the descriptive to the normative. Phenomenological subjectivity of the intersubjective life-world is being vindicated as the `arch-value' of all derivative values, or the first principle for all normative precepts. With exceptional acumen and mastery of the philosophical argument, the author -- a young native Chinese lately trained in a Western university -- delineates a fascinating route along which the philosophical question of justification raised in the analytic tradition can be answered on the basis of phenomenology. A noteworthy contribution to the interplay between the Anglo--American and Continental schools of philosophy
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-0501-9
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  • 7
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    The Books of Nature and Scripture: Recent Essays on Natural Philosophy, Theology and Biblical Criticism in the Netherlands of Spinoza’s Time and the British Isles of Newton’s Time (1994)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401732499
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 230 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Suppl.: Rezensiert in Otto, Eckart, 1944 - Essays on Biblical Law by Phillips, Anthony 2005
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées 139
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 139
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; History ; Philosophy—History. ; Culture—Study and teaching.
    Kurzfassung: Dick Popkin and James Force have attended a number of recent conferences where it was apparent that much new and important research was being done in the fields of interpreting Newton's and Spinoza's contributions as biblical scholars and of the relationship between their biblical scholarship and other aspects of their particular philosophies. This collection represents the best current research in this area. It stands alone as the only work to bring together the best current work on these topics. Its primary audience is specialised scholars of the thought of Newton and Spinoza as well as historians of the philosophical ideas of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3249-9
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  • 8
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    Mind, Meaning and Mathematics : Essays on the Philosophical Views of Husserl and Frege (1994)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401583343
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XII, 284 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 237
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Logic ; Phenomenology ; Mathematical logic. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: At the turn of the century, Gottlob Frege and Edmund Husserl both participated in the discussion concerning the foundations of logic and mathematics. Since the 1960s, comparisons have been made between Frege's semantic views and Husserl's theory of intentional acts. In quite recent years, new approaches to the two philosophers' views have appeared. This collection of articles opens with the first English translation of Dagfinn Føllesdal's early classic on Husserl and Frege of 1958. The book brings together a number of new contributions by well-known authors and gives a survey of recent developments in the field. It shows that Husserl's thought is coming to occupy a central role in the philosophy of logic and mathematics, as well as in the philosophy of mind and cognitive science. The work is primarily meant for philosophers, especially for those working on the problems of language, logic, mathematics, and mind. It can also be used as a textbook in advanced courses in philosophy
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8334-3
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  • 9
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    Reminiscences of the Vienna Circle and the Mathematical Colloquium (1994)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401111027
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (276p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Vienna Circle Collection 20
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; History ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Mathematical logic. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I The Historical Background -- II The Cultural Background -- III The Philosophical Atmosphere in Vienna -- IV Why the Circle invited me. The Theory of Curves and Dimension Theory -- V Vignettes of the Members of the Circle in 1927 -- VI Reminiscences of the Wittgenstein Family -- VII Ludwig Wittgenstein’s Austrian Dictionary -- VIII Wittgenstein’s Tractatus and the Early Circle -- IX On the Communication of Metaphysical Ideas. Wittgenstein’s Ontology -- X Wittgenstein, Brower, and the Circle -- XI Discussions in the Circle 1927–30 -- XII Poland and the Vienna Circle -- XIII The United States 1930–31 -- XIV Discussions in the Circle 1931–34 -- XV The Circle on Ethics -- XVI Moritz Schlick’s Final Years -- Memories of Kurt Gödel -- Index of Names.
    Kurzfassung: Karl Menger was born in Vienna on January 13, 1902, the only child of two gifted parents. His mother Hermione, nee Andermann (1870-1922), in addition to her musical abilities, wrote and published short stories and novelettes, while his father Carl (1840-1921) was the noted Austrian economist, one of the founders of marginal utility theory. A highly cultured man, and a liberal rationalist in the nine­ teenth century sense, the elder Menger had witnessed the defeat and humiliation of the old Austrian empire by Bismarck's Prussia, and the subsequent establishment under Prussian leadership of a militaristic, mystically nationalistic, state-capitalist German empire - in effect, the first modern "military-industrial complex. " These events helped frame in him a set of attitudes that he later transmitted to his son, and which included an appreciation of cultural attainments and tolerance and respect for cultural differences, com­ bined with a deep suspicion of rabid nationalism, particularly the German variety. Also a fascination with structure, whether artistic, scientific, philosophical, or theological, but a rejection of any aura of mysticism or mumbo-jumbo accompanying such structure. Thus the son remarked at least once that the archangels' chant that begins the Prolog im Himmel in Goethe's Faust was perhaps the most viii INTRODUCTION beautiful thing in the German language "but of course it doesn't mean anything.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-1102-7
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  • 10
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    Alchemy and Chemistry in the 16th and 17th Centuries (1994)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401107785
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XV, 215 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales D’Histoire des Idées 140
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 140
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Medicine ; Chemistry ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Religion. ; Medicine—History. ; Culture—Study and teaching.
    Kurzfassung: The studies of sixteenth and seventeenth-century alchemy published in this volume were first presented as papers at a colloquium on `Alchemy and Chemistry' held at the Warburg Institute in 1989. The aim of the colloquium was to examine alchemy not as a self-contained tradition, but as an activity intimately connected with chemistry, medicine, philosophy and religion. The wide range of topics discussed by the different contributors shows clearly that a true understanding of alchemical texts demands that they be considered not only as a component of the pre-history of experimental science, but as manifestations of the very different forms of religious belief and philosophical views of nature held by the alchemists. Though alchemy has been widely regarded as the mere precursor of early chemistry, it is evident that the two disciplines in fact coexisted and were in certain cases practised independently. The chemical interpretation of nature is thus seen to occupy a central position in the philosophical and religious, as well as the scientific culture of the early-modern period. It is also essential to an understanding of human physiology and medicine and the early development of the corpuscular philosophy. Such a wide-ranging approach to chemical and alchemical studies aims to place them in their widest possible historical and philosophical context. The chronological and geographical limits of the present investigations were therefore designed to allow an in-depth study of a coherent body of works located within a short time span. The volume will therefore command the interest of both historians of science, as well as of students of intellectual and social history
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-0778-5
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  • 11
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    The Development of Arabic Mathematics: Between Arithmetic and Algebra (1994)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401732741
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 382 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 156
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 156
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Genetic epistemology ; Regional planning ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Mathematics. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Ethnology. ; Culture.
    Kurzfassung: An understanding of developments in Arabic mathematics between the IXth and XVth century is vital to a full appreciation of the history of classical mathematics. This book draws together more than ten studies to highlight one of the major developments in Arabic mathematical thinking, provoked by the double fecondation between arithmetic and the algebra of al-Khwarizmi, which led to the foundation of diverse chapters of mathematics: polynomial algebra, combinatorial analysis, algebraic geometry, algebraic theory of numbers, diophantine analysis and numerical calculus. Thanks to epistemological analysis, and the discovery of hitherto unknown material, the author has brought these chapters into the light, proposes another periodization for classical mathematics, and questions current ideology in writing its history. Since the publication of the French version of these studies and of this book, its main results have been admitted by historians of Arabic mathematics, and integrated into their recent publications. This book is already a vital reference for anyone seeking to understand history of Arabic mathematics, and its contribution to Latin as well as to later mathematics. The English translation will be of particular value to historians and philosophers of mathematics and of science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3274-1
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  • 12
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    Artificial Intelligence and Creativity : An Interdisciplinary Approach (1994)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401707930
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 457 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Cognitive Systems 17
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Computational linguistics ; Cognitive psychology.
    Kurzfassung: Creativity is one of the least understood aspects of intelligence and is often seen as `intuitive' and not susceptible to rational enquiry. Recently, however, there has been a resurgence of interest in the area, principally in artificial intelligence and cognitive science, but also in psychology, philosophy, computer science, logic, mathematics, sociology, and architecture and design. This volume brings this work together and provides an overview of this rapidly developing field. It addresses a range of issues. Can computers be creative? Can they help us to understand human creativity? How can artificial intelligence (AI) enhance human creativity? How, in particular, can it contribute to the `sciences of the artificial', such as design? Does the new wave of AI (connectionism, geneticism and artificial life) offer more promise in these areas than classical, symbol-handling AI? What would the implications be for AI and cognitive science if computers could not be creative? These issues are explored in five interrelated parts, each of which is introducted and explained by a leading figure in the field. - Prologue (Margaret Boden) - Part I: Foundational Issues (Terry Dartnall) - Part II: Creativity and Cognition (Graeme S. Halford and Robert Levinson) - Part III: Creativity and Connectionism (Chris Thornton) - Part IV: Creativity and Design (John Gero) - Part V: Human Creativity Enhancement (Ernest Edmonds) - Epilogue (Douglas Hofstadter) For researchers in AI, cognitive science, computer science, philosophy, psychology, mathematics, logic, sociology, and architecture and design; and anyone interested in the rapidly growing field of artificial intelligence and creativity
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0793-0
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  • 13
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    Jewish Christians and Christian Jews : From the Renaissance to the Enlightenment (1994)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401109123
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VI, 218 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 138
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 138
    Serie: Springer eBook Collection
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    RVK:
    BD 1480
    RVK:
    BD 1430
    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; History ; Religion—Philosophy. ; Religion. ; Jewish Christians Europe ; History ; Christianity and other religions Judaism ; Judaism Relations ; Christianity ; Europe Church history ; Christianity Related to ; Judaism ; History ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Judentum ; Christentum ; Geschichte 1450-1800 ; Judentum ; Christentum ; Geschichte
    Kurzfassung: The appearance of religious toleration combined with the intensification of the search for theological truth led to a unique phenomenon in early modern Europe: Jewish Christians and Christian Jews. These essays will demonstrate that the cross-fertilization of these two religions, which for so long had a tradition of hostility towards each other, not only affected developments within the two groups but in many ways foreshadowed the emergence of the Enlightenment and the evolution of modern religious freedom
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-0912-3
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  • 14
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    Allegory Old and New : In Literature, the Fine Arts, Music and Theatre, and Its Continuity in Culture (1994)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401119467
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 330 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 42
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Aesthetics ; Phenomenology ; Comparative Literature ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Bringing allegory into the light from the neglect into which it fell means focusing on the wondrous heights of the human spirit in its significance for culture. Contemporary philosophies and literary theories, which give pre-eminence to primary linguistics forms (symbol and metaphor), seem to favor just that which makes intelligible communication possible. But they fall short in accounting for the deepest subliminal founts that prompt the mind to exalt in beauty, virtue, transcending aspiration. The present, rich collection shows how allegory, incorporating the soaring of the spirit, offers highlights for culture, with its fluctuations and transformation. This collective effort, rich in ideas and intuitions and covering a vast range of cultural manifestations, is a pioneering work, retrieving the vision of the exalted human spirit, bringing together literature, theatre, music and painting in a variety of revealing perspectives. The authors include: M. Kronegger, Ch. Raffini, J. Smith, J.B. Williamson, H. Ross, M.F. Wagner, F. Divorne, L. Oppenheim, D.K. Heckerl, N. Campi de Castro, P. Saurez Pascual, M. Alfaro Amieiro, H. Fletcher Thompson, R.J. Wilson III, and A. Stensaas. For specialists, students and workers in philosophy, comparative literature, aesthetic phenomenologists and historians of art
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-1946-7
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  • 15
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    Romanticism in Science : Science in Europe, 1790-1840 (1994)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401729215
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XV, 256 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 152
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 152
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Romanticism in all its expression communicated a vision of the essential interconnectedness and harmony of the universe. The romantic concept of knowledge was decidedly unitary, but, in the period between 1790 and 1840, the special emphasis it placed on observation and research led to an unprecedented accumulation of data, accompanied by a rapid growth in scientific specialization. An example of the tensions created by this development is to be found in the scientists' congresses which attempted a first response to the fragmentation of scientific research. The problem concerning the unitary concept of knowledge in that period, and the new views of the world which were generated are the subject of this book. The articles it contains are all based on original research by an international group of highly specialized scholars. Their research probes a wide range of issues, from the heirs of Naturphilosophie, to the `life sciences', and to the debate on `Baconian Sciences', as well as examining many aspects of mathematics, physics and chemistry. History of philosophy and history of science scholars will find this book an essential reference work, as well as all those interested in 19th century history in general. Undergraduate and graduate students will also find here angles and topics that have hitherto been largely neglected
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2921-5
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  • 16
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    Religious Methods and Resources in Bioethics (1994)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401583626
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 345 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Theology and Medicine 2
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Ethics ; Religion.
    Kurzfassung: What does religion or the religious traditions have to contribute to the discussion and resolution of contemporary bioethical issues? Each of the fifteen essays written for this volume addresses this question by treating a limited area within the volume's title area, Religious Methods and Resources in Bioethics. The essays keep in touch with the very concrete and specific nature of bioethics by illustrating their points with selected bioethical problems or cases. Some discuss the basic resources, methods and/or presuppositions which characterize the approach to bioethical issues of an entire tradition or a significant element thereof. Traditions represented include Hinduism, Buddhism, Taoism, Islam and Judaism. Other authors, while working primarily within their own traditions - most frequently in this section in Christian thought and practice - address methodological issues which arise in a number of traditions. Such matters include casuistry, feminism, principalism and its rivals, virtue ethics, and the issue of ethics' impartial rationality. A final group addresses methodological questions within a given tradition. These include the use of scripture, and of non-canonical authoritative documents, and the role of religious practices in Christian bioethical thinking, and the use of responsa in the Jewish tradition. This volume will be of interest to any persons, beyond beginning undergraduate levels, concerned about religious contributions to bioethical issues
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8362-6
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  • 17
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    Behavior and Its Causes : Philosophical Foundations of Operant Psychology (1994)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401581028
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XV, 267 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Cognitive Systems 16
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Education Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Education—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The rise of cognitive science in the 1960s was widely heralded as a scientific revolution -- an interpretation that implied the decline and eventual death of behavioral psychology. Although many forms of behavioral psychology did indeed disappear, there was a striking exception: the program of operant psychology founded by B.F. Skinner. This program actually grew at a rapid pace during the `cognitive revolution' and shows no signs of fading away. What, then, is its place within psychology, and in particular, what is its relationship with cognitive psychology? This book attempts to answer that question. Distinguishing between operant psychology and the philosophy of radical behaviorism, it concludes that even though radical behaviorism may have been a failure, the operant program of research has been a success. Furthermore, operant psychology and cognitive psychology complement one another, each having its own domain within which it contributes something valuable to, but beyond the reach of, the other
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8102-8
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  • 18
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    Aspects of Metaphor (1994)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401583152
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 263 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 238
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Humanities ; Aesthetics ; Semiotics. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: Metaphor is one of the most frequently evoked but at the same time most poorly understood concepts in philosophy and literary theory. In recent years, several interesting approaches to metaphor have been presented or outlined. In this volume, authors of some of the most important new approaches re-present their views or illustrate them by means of applications, thus allowing the reader to survey some of the prominent ongoing developments in this field. These authors include Robert Fogelin, Susan Haack, Jaakko Hintikka (with Gabriel Sandu), Bipin Indurkhya and Eva Kittay (with Eric Steinhart). Their stance is in the main constructive rather than critical; but frequent comparisons of different views further facilitate the reader's overview. In the other contributions, metaphor is related to the problems of visual representation (Noël Carroll), to the open class test (Avishai Margalit and Naomi Goldblum) as well as to Wittgenstein's idea of `a way of life' (E.M. Zemach)
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8315-2
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  • 19
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    The Printing Ink Manual (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9781402061875
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Springer-11648
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Chemical engineering ; Publishers and publishing ; Printing. ; Chemistry, Technical.
    Kurzfassung: The nature of printing ink -- Printing processes -- Colour and colour matching -- Raw materials -- Letterpress inks -- Lithographic inks -- Dry offset inks -- Gravure inks -- Flexographic inks -- Screen inks -- Ultra-violet and electron-beam curing systems -- Ink-jet inks -- Manufacture of inks and varnishes -- Rheology of printing inks -- Testing, control and quality assurance -- Analysis of printing inks -- Health, safety and the environment.
    Kurzfassung: The first edition of the Printing Ink Manual was published by the Society of British Printing Ink Manufacturers in 1961 to fill the need for an authorative textbook on printing technology, which would serve both as a training manual and a reliable reference book for everyday use. The book soon became established as a standard source of information on printing inks and reached its fourth edition by 1988. This, the fifth edition, is being published only five years later, so rapid has been the development in technology. The objective of the Printing Ink Manual remains unchanged. It is a practical handbook designed for use by everyone engaged in the printing ink industry and the associated industries. It provides all the information required by the ink technical for the day-to-day formulation of printing inks. It supplies the factory manager with details of the latest equipment and manufacturing methods, including large-scale production, and gives guidance on achieving quality assessment and total quality management specifications. Care has been taken to maintain the value of the Manual for training both technical personnel and others who requiresome kn- ledge of inks. Readers with little scientific knowledge will not find dif- culty in using the Manual, but sufficient chemistry and physics have been included to provide an explanation of the underlying principles and theories governing the behaviour of inks for use by the advanced te- nologist. Suppliers of raw materials, substrate manufacturers, printers and print users will find the book a valuable source of information.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-6187-5
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  • 20
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    The Eye and the Mind : Reflections on Perception and the Problem of Knowledge (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401733175
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 161 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies Series 58
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Humanities ; Metaphysics ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: This book explains our common-sense understanding of perception and then defends a representative theory of perception as an alternative form of understanding more in accord with the results of science. It also argues against color realism and defends the view that nothing has color. This view is color skepticism. A chapter is devoted to defending color skepticism against a number of objections. The book ends with a discussion of our concept of knowledge and attempts to show that the representative theory of perception is not as vulnerable to skeptical arguments as has been assumed. The book will be of interest to students and teachers of philosophy. It is written in a clear and self-contained manner and is accessible to the general reader as well as to those with well-developed philosophical interests
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3317-5
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  • 21
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    Denationalizing Science : The Contexts of International Scientific Practice (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401712217
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 303 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Sociology of the Sciences A Yearbook 16
    Serie: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 16
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; History ; Social sciences ; Education.
    Kurzfassung: Present trends indicate that in the years to come transnational science, whether basic or applied and involving persons, equipment or funding, will grow considerably. The main purpose of this volume is to try to understand the reasons for this denationalization of science, its historical contexts and its social forms. The Introduction to the volume sets out the socio-political, intellectual, and economic contexts for the nationalization and denationalization of the sciences, processes that have extended over four centuries. The articles examine the specific conditions that have given rise to the growth of transnational science in the 20th century. Among these are: the need for cognitive and technical standardization of scientific knowledge-products, pressure toward cost-sharing of large installations such as CERN, the voluntary and involuntary migration of scientists, and the global market for R&D products that has emerged at the end of the century. The volume raises many new questions for research by historians and sociologists of science and poses problems that are of concern both to scientists and science policy-makers
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1221-7
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  • 22
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    Manifestations of Reason: Life, Historicity, Culture Reason, Life, Culture Part II : Phenomenology in the Adriatic Countries (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401116770
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 447 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 40
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of mind. ; Self.
    Kurzfassung: "Can there be a more flagrant challenge to the recent - and classic - relativisms, scepticisms and 'deconstructivisms' toward reason, rationality, logos than the Vision of the Manifestation of Life?" As Tymieniecka writes in the introduction to this second book on the constructive appreciation of reason (first book: Analecta Husserliana, Vol. XXXIX), the works of the logos manifest themselves indubitably in the edifice of life. Among perspectives in the compass of reason of this collection: individualisation of life, human existence, reason and doxa (studies by Tymieniecka, Kelkel, Schrag, Buscaroli, Kelly, Laycock, and others) the emphasis falls upon `inner rationalities' of the spirit, creativity, culture (Bosio, D'Ippolito, Delle Site, Barral, Wittkowski, Regina, Haney, Ales Bello, Sivak, Elosequi), culminating in the issues of historiography and history by Mario Sancipriano, to whom the book is dedicated. This collection stems from the work of The World Phenomenology Institute, mainly its two congresses held in Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia, and Verona, Italy
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-1677-0
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  • 23
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    The Comical : A Philosophical Analysis (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401116565
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 211 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Nijhoff International Philosophy Series 47
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Anthropology ; Comparative Literature ; Social sciences ; Culture. ; Arts. ; Philosophy. ; Ethnology.
    Kurzfassung: The book offers an extensive and detailed philosophical analysis of the phenomenon of the comic. The author critically presents the hitherto existing theories of the comic from Aristotle up to the present and classifies them. At the same time he advances his own definition of the comic as a broadly understood deviation from norm, which takes into account the deviation from an objectively existing norm as well as the subjective sense of the normal. Many pages have been devoted to the analysis of the main forms of the comic. The author offers their taxonomy and discusses the major techniques of evoking the comic. The final part of the book deals with the social aspects of the comic and discusses the social role of humour, mockery, satire, irony, etc. The author elaborates on the educational, integrating, punitive, and therapeuric aspects of various forms of comic activities. The book is based upon ample material drawn from a multitude of sources. The author does not limit the scope of his analysis to the philosophical and the aesthetic aspects of the comic but takes into account its extra-aesthetic occurrences and applications as presented by psychologists, cultural anthropologists, sociologists, theoreticians and historians of literature, film, and music, which makes the work truly interdisciplinary in character. The Comical: A Philosophical Analysis will be useful to aestheticians and philosophers of art, as well as to the students of literary criticism, theatre, and film studies, educational theory, psychology and even the theory of argumentation
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-1656-5
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  • 24
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    Consciousness, Cognitive Schemata, and Relativism : Multidisciplinary Explorations in Cognitive Science (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401711418
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 253 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Cognitive Systems 15
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of mind ; Anthropology ; Philosophy. ; Cognitive psychology.
    Kurzfassung: The purpose of this book is to illustrate how empirical and conceptual problems interact in modern cognitive science. A multidisciplinary approach encourages us to redraw the boundaries between conceptual and empirical research. The pervading theme is the distinction between ontology and phenomenology. Part I, Cognitive models of consciousness, reviews and evaluates the contemporary discussion concerning consciousness. We suggest that the first-person, phenomenological point of view should be preserved in theories of consciousness. Part II, Cognitive schemata, deals with methodological issues, especially with cognitive explanations in anthropology. In Part III, Relativism and cognitivism, the classical problem of relativism inherent in the study of doxastic diversity is studied in the novel context provided by cognitivism. Cognitivism appears to provide a solution to the problem of relativism, but, by the same token, it invites a more profound version of relativism. For students and scholars in cognitive science, especially those working in cognitive anthropology and neuropsychology. The book does not require any previous education in philosophy. The philosophical themes and their relevance in modern empirical research are presented in accessible form. The book can be used as a university textbook for the courses that serve to introduce the students to the philosophical background of cognitive science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1141-8
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  • 25
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    A Linguistic Investigation of Aphasic Chinese Speech (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401120401
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 324 p) , digital
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    Serie: Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics 18
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    Schlagwort(e): Linguistics ; Chinese language ; Humanities ; Computational linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Asia—Languages.
    Kurzfassung: A Linguistic Investigation of Aphasic Chinese Speech is the first detailed linguistic analysis of a large body of aphasic Chinese natural speech data. This work describes how the major aphasia syndromes are manifest in Chinese, a language which differs significantly from languages upon which traditional aphasia theory is based. Following the Chinese data, a new explanation for the major aphasia syndromes is offered based on the cognitive science modularity hypothesis. The theory posits that Broca's aphasia is the result of computational deficits that occur within linguistic components, while Wernicke's aphasia is the result of deficits that occur in the transfer of information between components. It is demonstrated how the fluent and non-fluent characteristics of the major aphasia syndromes follow directly from the properties of cognitive modules. Detailed linguistic descriptions of Broca's and Wernicke's aphasia in Chinese are provided, including a summary of diagnostics of aphasia type. The complete corpora of four aphasic Chinese speakers, including interlinear and free translations, are presented in an Appendix
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-2040-1
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  • 26
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    Phenomenology: East and West : Essays in Honor of J.N. Mohanty (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401116121
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIX, 319 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 13
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This volume contains a broad selection of essays primarily commenting on the significant intellectual contributions of J.N. Mohanty toward phenomenology and Indian philosophy. Mohanty's work over the past thirty years reveals a remarkable grasp of numerous philosophical traditions and a wealth of original ideas, both of which have served to relax the strictures among those traditions and to broaden intellectual horizons. In commemoration of Mohanty, these essays offer a critical yet constructive discussion of his ideas. All of the essays are published here for the first time, and their authors include well known philosophers from Europe, India, the United States and Canada. Mohanty replies to these and other criticisms, taking the opportunity to clarify and further develop his views. The volume thus amounts to a critical and constructive dialogue with Mohanty, a dialogue which will, it is hoped, facilitate a continuous, sympathetic appreciation of his thought
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-1612-1
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  • 27
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    Correspondence, Invariance and Heuristics : Essays in Honour of Heinz Post (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401711852
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXIII, 363 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 148
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 148
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This volume is dedicated to Heinz Post who proposed a rational model of scientific discovery. His account draws attention to the formal flaws in theories that motivate theory modification, the correspondence relations that hold between old and new theories and the cross-theoretic retention of symmetry and conservation principles. Exploring Post's model from a variety of perspectives, the contributors draw on a wide range of case studies from physics, chemistry and biology. This is the first work to examine one such model of heuristics in the context of detailed examples from science itself. It will be of interest to teachers, researchers and graduate students in both the history and philosophy of science and can be used as a textbook in advanced courses on scientific method
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1185-2
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  • 28
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    Intentionality in Husserl and Heidegger : The Problem of the Original Method and Phenomenon of Phenomenology (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401581455
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XV, 303 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology 11
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 11
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: This book reassesses the phenomenological `controversy' between Husserl and Heidegger over the proper status of the phenomenon of intentionality. It seeks to determine whether Heidegger's hermeneutical critique of intentionality is sensitive to Husserl's reflective account of its `Sachen selbst'. Hopkins argues that Heidegger's critique is directed toward the `cogito' modality of intentionality, and therefore, passes over its `non-actional', or `horizonal', dimension in Husserl's phenomenology. As a result of this, he concludes that Heidegger misinterprets Husserl's account of the intentional `immanence' exhibited by phenomenological reflection. On the basis of these findings, Hopkins suggests that the phenomenological methodology, operative in the so-called hermeneutic critique of transcendental consciousness, itself involves transcendental `presuppositions' that are most appropriately characterized in terms of intentional, and reflective, phenomena
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8145-5
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  • 29
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    Philosophy of Probability (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401582087
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 299 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies Series 56
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Distribution (Probability theory) ; Humanities ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Probabilities.
    Kurzfassung: Philosophy of Probability provides a comprehensive introduction to theoretical issues that occupy a central position in disciplines ranging from philosophy of mind and epistemology to cognitive science, decision theory and artificial intelligence. Some contributions shed new light on the standard conceptions of probability (Bayesianism, logical and computational theories); others offer detailed analyses of two important topics in the field of cognitive science: the meaning and the representation of (partial) belief, and the management of uncertainty. The authors of this well-balanced account are philosophers as well as computer scientists (among them, L.J. Cohen, D. Miller, P. Gärdenfors, J. Vickers, D. Dubois and H. Prade). This multidisciplinary approach to probability is designed to illuminate the intricacies of the problems in the domain of cognitive inquiry. No one interested in epistemology or aritificial intelligence will want to miss it
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8208-7
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  • 30
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    German Communism, Workers’ Protest, and Labor Unions : The Politics of the United Front in Rhineland-Westphalia 1920-1924 (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401116442
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (564 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Social History 14
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; History ; Political science.
    Kurzfassung: This book examines the rise of the German Communist Party in the crucial period between the Kapp Putsch and the stabilization of the Weimar Republic. Based on extensive archival research, its reconstruction of Communist participation in union and protest movements in the key industrial region of Rhineland-Westphalia offers the first detailed social analysis of Communist support, organization and political strategy in German labor unions. By viewing German Communism against the backdrop of industrial structures and economic conditions, this study illuminates the deeper divisions in the German workers' movement that contributed to the tragedy of the Weimar Republic
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-1644-2
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  • 31
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    “Covetous of Truth” : The Life and Work of Thomas White, 1593-1676 (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401118507
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 196 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales D’Histoire Des Idés 134
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 134
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This is the first major work devoted to the life and work of Thomas White, an important and wide ranging seventeenth-century thinker long overdue for historical rehabilitation. Renowned in his own day as an eminent philosopher, White's reputation suffered not least as a result of his theological heresies and his pro-Cromwellian political sympathies. But he is here shown as the leader of an influential faction of English Catholics, known after his alias as `Blackloists' as a dogged opponent of the then newly-fashionable scepticism; and as a would-be synthesiser of scholastic thought with the `new philosophy'. In his Janus-faced intellectual stance White exemplifies the position of many mid-seventeenth-century thinkers; and he is presented here as representing a philosophical standpoint that is crucial for our understanding of a fascinating period in intellectual history
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-1850-7
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  • 32
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    Japanese and Western Phenomenology (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401582186
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (476 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology 12
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 12
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This volume has been developed from the first extensive meeting of Japanese and Western phenomenologists, which was sponsored by the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology, Inc. and the Phenomenological Association of Japan and held in Sanda City. Chiefly philosophical and chiefly concerned with Husserl's thought, it also shows links with several human sciences and such figures as Wilhelm Dilthey, Eugen Fink, Martin Heidegger, Max Scheler, Alfred Schutz, and well as with Zen and the Japanese tradition in phenomenology, which is second only to the German in age and has recently blossomed anew. Further such meetings have occurred and are planning, building upon this foundation
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8218-6
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  • 33
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    Reference to Abstract Objects in Discourse (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401117159
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 455 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 50
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    Schlagwort(e): Linguistics ; Humanities ; Logic ; Semiotics. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Reference to Abstract Objects in Discourse presents a novel framework and analysis of the ways we refer to abstract objects in natural language discourse. The book begins with a typology of abstract objects and related entities like eventualities. After an introduction to `bottom up, compositional' discourse representation theory (DRT) and to previous work on abstract objects in DRT (notably work on the semantics of the attitudes), the book turns to a semantic analysis of eventuality and abstract object denoting nominals in English. The book then substantially revises and extends the dynamic semantic framework of DRT to develop an analysis of anaphoric reference to abstract objects and eventualities that exploits discourse structure and the discourse relations that obtain between elements of the structure. A dynamic, semantically based theory of discourse structure (SDRT) is proposed, along with many illustrative examples. Two further chapters then provide the analysis of anaphoric reference to propositions VP ellipsis. The abstract entity anaphoric antecedents are elements of the discourse structures that SDRT develops. The final chapter discusses some logical and philosophical difficulties for a semantic analysis of reference to abstract objects. For semanticists, philosophers of language, computer scientists interested in natural language applications and discourse, philosophical logicians, graduate students in linguistics, philosophy, cognitive science and artificial intelligence
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-1715-9
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  • 34
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    Mental Representation and Consciousness : Towards a Phenomenological Theory of Representation and Reference (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401722391
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 201 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 14
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Humanities ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of mind ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: The book makes a direct contribution to the connection between phenomenology and cognitive science. Continuing Husserl's science of consciousness, the author shows that consciousness is structured in all sorts of ways and that it is very complicated, with one kind of consciousness being enclosed within other kinds. In particular, he provides a notation to reveal the structures of consciousness more vividly, thus fixing and isolating issues and allowing for rational, communicable analysis of conscious awareness. With this tool, clear-cut distinctions among different forms of mentally representing and thereby intentionally referring to something are elaborated. The notation might also be of assistance in present day discussions about parallelism in computer architecture and programming. For philosophers of mind, cognitive scientists and psychologists, phenomenologists, neuroscientists interested in consciousness
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2239-1
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  • 35
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    Philosophy and Conceptual History of Science in Taiwan (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401125000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 276 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 141
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 141
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This is a collection of papers on philosophy of science, conceptual history of science, and sociology of science written by Taiwanese scholars. It is perhaps one of the best, written by Taiwanese, in all Chinese-speaking societies. Some works in it show Orientals study topics that are typically Western philosophy of science. Others show how traditional topics in the history of Chinese science (mathematics, optics, and geology) could be studied with high sensitivity to the philosophy and sociology of science. It also touches upon issues of the `autonomous' development of social sciences in Taiwan, a society whose academic researches are greatly influenced by the West. This collection will prove stimulating and valuable to general and scholarly readers alike who are interested in philosophy and history of science, especially as related to East Asia and the West. The book will interest scholars in philosophy of science, philosophy of language and psychology, studies of philosophy of science in the third world, history of Chinese science, history of science in East Asia, and history of mathematics
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-2500-0
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  • 36
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    Merleau-Ponty in Contemporary Perspective (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401117517
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXXIII, 206 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Collection Fondée par H.L. Van Breda et Publiée sous le Patronage Des Centres D’Archives-Husserl 129
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 129
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of nature ; Philosophy—History. ; Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: This volume evaluates the contribution of Merleau-Ponty to various philosophical problems, from the culmative point of view of more than thirty years of continental philosophy since the time of his death. However, as the various essays gathered here confirm, the title of the volume risks a certain irony - that which is involved in trying to place into vision (albeit now in only too silent and invisible a manner), namely an original thought whose creative unfolding still awaits its future. As the various papers of this volume attest, Merleau-Ponty is a contemporary philosopher who offers new directions for philosophical interrogation, who still frames in a fresh and provocative voice the issues which remain urgent for our time. Like recent collections of essays on Merleau-Ponty, the present volume offers a critical and interpretive look backward to his works from a relatively differentiated and stable vantage point from which they might come definitively into view, but beyond this the present volume is unique in also moving forward to the works of Merleau-Ponty just as we now move in an exploratory way toward the future of philosophy
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-1751-7
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  • 37
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    Reason, Life, Culture : Part I Phenomenology in the Baltics (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401118620
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVI, 295 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 39
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Ethics ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Rationality in its various expressions and innumerable applications sustains understanding and our sense of reality. It is traditionally differentiated according to its sources in the soul: in consciousness, in reason, in experience, and in elevation. Such a functional approach, however, leaves us searching for the common foundation harmonizing these rationalities. The perennial quest to resolve the aporias of rationality is finding in contemporary science’s focus on origins, on the generative roots of reality, tantalizing hints as to how this may be accomplished. This project is enhanced by the wave of recent phenomenology/ontopoiesis of life, which reveals/expresses the workings of the logos at the root of beingness and all rationality, whereby we gaze upon the prospect of a New Enlightenment. In the rays of this vision the revival of the intuitions of classical Islamic metaphysics, particularly intuition of the continuity of beingness in the gradations of life, receive fresh confirmation
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-1862-0
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  • 38
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    The Aesthetics of Communication : Pragmatics and Beyond (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401117739
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 174 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Library of Rhetorics 2
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Aesthetics ; Philosophy. ; Linguistics. ; Arts.
    Kurzfassung: The dominant paradigm in the sciences of language conceives the subject-in-community as a truth-sayer, a communicator, and a player-economist. The major ontology of the human community reconstructs being-together as a system of interactions and transactions subject to the rules of economic rationality and, as a consequence, the community as source and target of finite strategical games. The primordial value then is the circulation of information and ideal communication is favored by the truth-functional status of our discourses. However, this dominant ontology has a few cracks. This is where the aesthetic dimension intrudes, establishing here and there the blink of an eye, shattering the economic, communicational, and truth-saying phantasm, scattering the field of being-together, fragmenting it. These aesthetic fringes conduct themselves according to the isotopy of blossoming, of rupture and fracture, of thresholds and discontinuity. Their effect is one of bedazzlement, trembling, shaking, upheaval, lightheadedness. Infinite games in conversation, the musicality of voices, understanding by flair and tact, the temporariness of nostalgic memory, reasonable pathos, are what has been emphasized in this book
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-1773-9
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  • 39
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    Ideas for a Hermeneutic Phenomenology of the Natural Sciences (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401119580
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIII, 314 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 15
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This book is a methodical and systematic presentation of basic ontological issues that must be raised with respect to the meaning and function of natural science. The ontological issues are discussed from a hermeneutico-phenomenological point of view. In addition, the book contains critical discussions of basic themes raised by Carnap, Hempel, Stegmüller, Kuhn, Lakatos, Hübner, Popper, van Fraassen, Heelan and Kisiel. One of the basic theses developed in the book is that logical, epistemological and methodological issues pertinent to the natural sciences should be complemented by ontological issues that focus mainly on meaning and truth. The book also contains one chapter on the implications of the ontological ideas presented for the history of the natural sciences
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-1958-0
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  • 40
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    Program Verification : Fundamental Issues in Computer Science (1993)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401117937
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIII, 458 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Cognitive Systems 14
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    Schlagwort(e): Computer science ; Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Software engineering ; Artificial intelligence ; Mathematical optimization
    Kurzfassung: Among the most important problems confronting computer science is that of developing a paradigm appropriate to the discipline. Proponents of formal methods - such as John McCarthy, C.A.R. Hoare, and Edgar Dijkstra - have advanced the position that computing is a mathematical activity and that computer science should model itself after mathematics. Opponents of formal methods - by contrast, suggest that programming is the activity which is fundamental to computer science and that there are important differences that distinguish it from mathematics, which therefore cannot provide a suitable paradigm. Disagreement over the place of formal methods in computer science has recently arisen in the form of renewed interest in the nature and capacity of program verification as a method for establishing the reliability of software systems. A paper that appeared in Communications of the ACM entitled, `Program Verification: The Very Idea', by James H. Fetzer triggered an extended debate that has been discussed in several journals and that has endured for several years, engaging the interest of computer scientists (both theoretical and applied) and of other thinkers from a wide range of backgrounds who want to understand computer science as a domain of inquiry. The editors of this collection have brought together many of the most interesting and important studies that contribute to answering questions about the nature and the limits of computer science. These include early papers advocating the mathematical paradigm by McCarthy, Naur, R. Floyd, and Hoare (in Part I), others that elaborate the paradigm by Hoare, Meyer, Naur, and Scherlis and Scott (in Part II), challenges, limits and alternatives explored by C. Floyd, Smith, Blum, and Naur (in Part III), and recent work focusing on formal verification by DeMillo, Lipton, and Perlis, Fetzer, Cohn, and Colburn (in Part IV). It provides essential resources for further study. This volume will appeal to scientists, philosophers, and laypersons who want to understand the theoretical foundations of computer science and be appropriately positioned to evaluate the scope and limits of the discipline
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-1793-7
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  • 41
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    New Perspectives on Cybernetics : Self-Organization, Autonomy and Connectionism (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401580625
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (V, 262 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 220
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Systems theory ; Science—Philosophy. ; System theory. ; Control theory. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: Introduction: Different kinds of cybernetics -- Self-organization and complexity -- Ends and meaning in machine-like systems -- Hierarchical non-equilibrium self-organization as the new post-cybernetic perspective -- A priori and a posteriori in cognitive praxis: the model for the regulation of agonistic antagonistic couples -- Non-rational cognitive processes as changes of distinctions -- Epistemological issues -- Self-organization and autonomy in a post-cybernetic perspective. Epistemological issues -- The experimental epistemology of W.S. McCulloch. A minimalistic interpretation -- From paleo- to neo-connectionism -- Second cybernetics: a double strategy for representing cognition -- The bringing forth of dialogue: Latour versus Maturana -- A one-sided boundary: on the limits of knowing organizational closure -- Mechanistic explanations and structure-determined systems. Maturana and the human sciences -- Sociological issues -- Correspondence, consensus, coherence and the rape of democracy -- Writers of the lost I: second-order self-observation and absolute writership.
    Kurzfassung: Gertrudis Van de Vijver· Seminar of Logic and Epistemology University of Ghent Before being classified under the fashionable denominators of complexity and chaos, self-organization and autonomy were intensely inquired into in the cybernetic tradition. Despite all rejections that cybernetics has gone through in the second half of this century, today its importance is more and more recognized. Its decisive influence for connectionist theories, autopoietic and constructivist theories, for different forms of applied or experimental epistemology, is being more and more understood and generally accepted. It is mainly due to the success of connectionist models that we observe today a revival of interest for cybernetics. The 1943 article by McCulloch and Pitts is evidently a founding article. Cybernetics has however a much broader interest than the one linked to technical-mathematical details relevant to the construction of networks. For instance, the evolution from first to second order cybernetics, the ways of approaching biological and cognitive phenomena in the latter and the limits that were formulated there, are particularly meaningful to understand current developments and divergences in connectionism. A nuanced picture of cybernetic's history and its present state is therefore clearly epistemologically essential.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8062-5
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  • 42
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    The Phenomenology of the Noema (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401734257
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VI, 256 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 10
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Phenomenology ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Philosophers contributing new ideas are commonly caught within a received philosophical vocabulary and will often coin new, technical terms. Husserl understood himself as advancing a new theory of intentionality, and he fashioned the new vocabulary of `noesis' and `noema'. But Husserl's own statements regarding the noema are ambiguous. Hence, it is no surprise that controversy has ensued. The articles in this book elucidate and clarify the notion of the noema; the book includes articles which phenomenologically describe and analyze the noemata of various experiences as well as articles which undertake the `metaphenomenological' explication of the doctrine of the noema. These two enterprises cannot be isolated from one another. Any analysis of the noema of a particular type of experience will necessarily illustrate, at least by instantiating the general notion of noema. And any metaphenomenological account of the noema itself will guide particular researches into the noemata of particular experiences
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3425-7
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  • 43
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    The Body in Medical Thought and Practice (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401579247
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 260 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophy and Medicine 43
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; medicine Philosophy ; Medicine ; Medical ethics ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Medicine—Philosophy. ; Medicine—History. ; Bioethics.
    Kurzfassung: In the second half of the 20th century, the body has become a central theme of intellectual debate. How should we perceive the human body? Is it best understood biologically, experientially, culturally? How do social institutions exercise power over the body and determine norms of health and behavior? The answers arrived at by phenomenologists, social theorists, and feminists have radically challenged our cenventional notions of the body dating back to 17th century Cartesian thought. This is the first volume to systematically explore the range of contemporary thought concerning the body and draw out its crucial implications for medicine. Its authors suggest that many of the problems often found in modern medicine -- dehumanized treatment, overspecialization, neglect of the mind's healing resources -- are directly traceable to medicine's outmoded concepts of the body. New and exciting alternatives are proposed by some of the foremost physicians and philosophers working in the medical humanities today
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-7924-7
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    Language Acquisition and Syntactic Theory : A Comparative Analysis of French and English Child Grammars (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401125741
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 175 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics 14
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    Schlagwort(e): Linguistics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Humanities ; Psycholinguistics ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax.
    Kurzfassung: The theory of language acquisition is a young but increasingly active field. Language Acquisition and Syntactic Theory presents one of the first detailed studies of comparative syntax acquisition. It is informed by the view that linguists and acquisitionists are essentially working on the same problem, that of explaining grammar learnability. The author takes cross-linguistic data from child language as evidence for recent proposals in syntactic theory. Developments in the structure of children's sentences during the first few years of life are traced to changes in the setting of specific grammatical parameters. Some surprising differences between the early child grammars of French and English are uncovered, differences that can only be explained on the basis of subtle distinctions in inflectional structure. This motivates the author's claim that functional or nonthematic categories are represented in the grammars of very young children. The book also explores the relationship between acquisition and diachronic change in French and English. It is argued that findings in acquisition, when viewed from a parameter setting perspective, provide answers to important questions arising in the study of language change. The book promises to be of interest to all those involved in the formal, psychological or historical study of linguistic knowledge
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-2574-1
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  • 45
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    Eros and Eris : Contributions to a Hermeneutical Phenomenology Liber Amicorum for Adriaan Peperzak (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401714648
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVII, 322 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Collection Fondée par H.L. van Breda et Publiée Sous le Patronage des Centres D’Archives-Husserl 127
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 127
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology
    Kurzfassung: The articles in this book display the originality and creativity of Eros and Eris, and their important role in the history of our culture, particularly in the history of philosophy and its role in today's systematic philosophy. Although these contributions to a hermeneutical phenomenology in this compilation are organized in a linear-chronological order (treating Homer, Hesiod, Plato, Aristotle, Augustine, Bonaventure, Thomas Aquinas, Cusanus, Kant, Hegel, Schelling, Nietzsche, Husserl, Heidegger and Levinas), they all carry out their own hermeneutical movement in the history of philosphy on the basis of a commitment with out life, here and now, and a thematic, professional interest. Among the contributors are: R. Bernasconi, J. Colette, J.F. Courtine, L. Dupré, Kl. Düsing, J. Greisch, J. Kockelmans, P.-J. Labarrière and G. Jarczyk, E. Levinas, Al. Lingis, J.-L. Marion, O. Pöggeler, W. Richardson, P. Ricoeur, J. Sallis, M. Theunissen and S. IJsseling
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1464-8
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  • 46
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    Husserl, Heidegger and the Crisis of Philosophical Responsibility (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401124706
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXII, 298 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Collection Fondée Par H.L. Van Breda et Publiée Sous Le Patronage Des Centres D’archives-Husserl 125
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 125
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This volume sheds light upon the omnipresent discussion of `crisis' in our times by returning to the thought of the two philosophers upon which much of this talk is consciously (or unconsciously) based, namely, Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger. By tracing the narrative of the `crisis' from Husserl's early treatment of arithmetic and logic through to Heidegger's meditations on the essence of technology, the author not only proposes a unified reading of both Husserl's and Heidegger's work, but points to important elements of the often underplayed continuity between these phenomenologists. At the same time, the concept of `crisis' also illustrates the difference between Husserl and Heidegger. Though both define the crisis as one of `forgetting', and both view this `forgetting' as a matter of philosophical responsibility, essential divergence emerges in their interpretation of this phenomenon. Three questions uncover these points of convergence and divergence. First, does not the `forgetfulness' reveal itself as a type of felix culpa, a necessary decay that now reveals itself in a positive light, indeed, as the precondition of history itself? Second, what is presupposed when the subjects is held responsible for forgetting? Third, what are the political consequences of such `crisis'-philosophy? This last question allows access not only to hidden political aspects of Husserl's thought, but opens a further perspective for considering Heidegger's overt political activities. Husserl, Heidegger and the Crisis of Philosophical Responsibility reveals the presuppositions about history, the subject, and the subject's relationship to a community that lie at the heart of any `crisis-thinking'. While demonstrating in scholarly fashion that the notion of `crisis' forms a hermeneutical key to the work of both Husserl and Heidegger, this work also grapples with questions of considerable contemporary significance: for what is philosophy `responsible' in this age of the crisis of reason, and in a broader sense, what does it mean to be `responsible' for that which we do not fully control? The author's suggestion of a `non-calculative' philosophical responsibility moves away from any notion of philosophical `crisis-management', while still maintaining that philosophy can have practical effects and that certain elements of the Husserlian plea for philosophical responsibility retain their value
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-2470-6
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  • 47
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    Erwin Schrödinger’s World View : The Dynamics of Knowledge and Reality (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401124287
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 239 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Theory and Decision Library, Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences 16
    Serie: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 16
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Biology—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Erwin Schrödinger is one of the greatest figures of theoretical physics, but there is another side to the man: not only did his work revolutionize physics, it also radiacally changed the foundations of our modern worldview, modern biology, philosophy of science, philosophy of the mind, and epistemology. This book explores the lesser-known aspects of Schrödinger's thought, revealing the physicist as a philosopher and polymath whose highly original ideas anticipated the current merging of the natural and the social sciences and the humanities. Thirteen renowned scientists and philosophers have contributed to the volume. Part I reveals the philosophical importance of Schrödinger's work as a physicist. Part II examines his theory of life and of the self-organization of matter. Part III shows how Schrödinger's ideas have influenced contemporary philosophy of nature and our modern view of the world, drawing a fascinating picture of the ongoing synthesis of nature and culture: one of the most interesting developments of modern thought. The volume also contains the most comprehensive bibliography of Schrödinger's scientific work, making it at the same time a book of acute contemporary relevance and a major work of reference
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-2428-7
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  • 48
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    Phenomenology of Natural Science (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401126229
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 303 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology 9
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 9
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; Phenomenology ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: 1. The Idea of Science in Husserl and the Tradition -- 2. Comments on Henry Margenau’s ‘Phenomenology and Physics’ -- 3. Life-World as Built World -- 4. Indirect Mathematization in the Physical Sciences -- 5. Of Exact and Inexact Essences in Modern Physical Science -- 6. Husserl’s Phenomenology and the Ontology of the Natural Sciences -- 7. Parts, Wholes and the Forms of Life: Husserl and the New Biology -- 8. Critical Realism and the Scientific Realism Debate -- 9. Realism and Idealism in the Kuhnian Account of Science -- 10. The New Relevance of Experiment: A Postmodern Problem -- 11. The Problem of Experimentation -- 12. Toward a Hermeneutic Theory of the History of the Natural Sciences -- Bibliography of Phenomenological Philosophy of Natural Science -- Notes on Contributors -- Index of Names -- Index of Topics.
    Kurzfassung: Contemporaryphilosophyseems a great swirling almost chaos. Every situation must seem so at the time, probably because philosophy itself resists structura­ tion and because personal and political factors within as well as without the discipline must fade in order for the genuinely philosophical merits of performances to be assessed. Nevertheless, some remarks can still be made to situate the present volume. For example, at least half of philosophy on planet Earth is today pursued in North America (which is not to say that this portion is any less internally incoherent than the whole of which it thus becomes the largest part) and the present volume is North American. (Incidentally, the recognition of culturally geographic traditions and tendencies nowise implies that striving for cross-culturalif not trans-cultural philosophical validity has failed or ceased. Rather, it merely recognizes a significant aspect relevant from the historical point of view.) Episte- Aesthetics Ethics Etc. mology Analytic Philosophy Marxism Existentialism Etc. Figure 1. There are two main ways in which philosophical developments are classified. One is in terms of tendencies, movements, and schools of thought and the other is in terms of traditional sub-disciplines. When there is little contention among schools, the predominant way is in terms of sub-disciplines, such as aesthetics, ethics, politics, etc. Today this mode of classification can be seen to intersect with that in terms of movements and tendencies, both of which are represented in the above chart.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-2622-9
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    Religion and Sexual Health : Ethical, Theological, and Clinical Perspectives (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401579636
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 232 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Theology and Medicine 1
    DDC: 610.1
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; medicine Philosophy ; Public health ; Medical ethics ; Humanities ; Religion (General)
    Kurzfassung: Religious beliefs and attitudes have long been recognized as playing an important role in sexual functioning, but the relationship between religion and sexual behavior has rarely been studied in a comprehensive way. The essays in this volume bring the views of sex counsellors, therapists. theologians, and bioethicists to bear on the relationship between religion and sexuality. A major theme emerging from these essays is that religion and counselling need to learn from one another. Religious traditions, at the popular or theological levels, are often marked by ignorance and misinformation about sexuality and can benefit by the insights of those who work closely with patients in medical and counselling settings. Counsellors, in turn, need to develop a sensitivity to past and present religious attitudes toward sexuality in order to assist their patients achieve sexual health
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-7963-6
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  • 50
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    The Scientific Enterprise : The Bar-Hillel Colloquium: Studies in History, Philosophy, and Sociology of Science, Volume 4 (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401126885
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 302 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 146
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 146
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Humanities ; Pragmatism ; History ; Technology—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: This is the fourth volume in the series of the Bar-Hillel Colloquium (formerly the Israel Colloquium). The essays and commentaries presented here are intended to strike a rather special balance between the disciplines to which the Colloquium is dedicated. The historical and sociological vantage point is addressed to Krammick's and Mali's treatment of Priestley, In Vicker's and Feldhay's studies of the Renaissance occult, and in Warnke's and Barasch's work on the imagination. From a philosophical angle several concepts, all material to the methodology of science, are taken up; rule following, by Smart and Margalit, analysis, by Ackerman, explanation, by Taylor, and the role of mathematics in physics, by Lévy-Leblond and Pitowsky. In addition, the volume contains the proceedings of two symposia dedicated to two towering scientific figures: one celebrates Bohr's centennial, and the other examines `the other' Newton. The book will appeal to people whose interest or research is in the fields of philosophy, sociology, and history of science, technology and medicine, as well as those interested in science education
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-2688-5
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    Soar: A Cognitive Architecture in Perspective : A Tribute to Allen Newell (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401124263
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 249 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Cognitive Systems 10
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Artificial intelligence ; Cognitive psychology.
    Kurzfassung: Soar: A Cognitive Architecture in Perspective represents a European perspective on Soar with the exception of the special contribution from Allen Newell arguing for Unified Theories of Cognition. The various papers derive from the work of the Soar Research Group that has been active at the University of Groningen, The Netherlands, since 1987. The work reported here has been inspired in particular by two topics that precipitated the group's interest in Soar in the first place -- road user behavior and the temporal organization of behavior, more specifically planning. At the same time, the various contributions go well beyond the simple use of Soar as a convenient medium for modeling human cognitive activity. In every paper one or more fundamental issues are raised that touch upon the very nature and consistency of Soar as an intelligent architecture. As a result the reader will learn about the operator implementation problem, chunking, multitasking, the need to constrain the depth of the goal stack, and induction, etc. Soar is still at a relatively early stage of development. It does, nevertheless, constitute an important breakthrough in the area of computer architectures for general intelligence. Soar shows one important direction that future efforts to build intelligent systems should take if they aim for a comprehensive, and psychologically meaningful, theory of cognition. This is argued in a powerful way by Newell in his contribution to this volume. For this reason, the Soar system will probably play an important integrative role within cognitive science in bringing together important subdomains of psychology, computer science, linguistics, and the neurosciences. Although Soar is not the only `architecture for intelligence', it is one of the most advanced and theoretically best motivated architectures presently available. Soar: A Cognitive Architecture in Perspective is of special interest to researchers in the domains of cognitive science, computer science and artificial intelligence, cognitive psychology, and the philosophy of mind
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-2426-3
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    What Robots Can and Can’t Be (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401124645
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 381 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Cognitive Systems 12
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Logic ; Philosophy of mind ; Artificial intelligence
    Kurzfassung: What Robots Can and Can't Be is a self-contained, rigorous, sustained argument for the unique, two-sided position that: (side one) Al will continue to produce machines with greater and greater capacity to pass stronger and stronger versions of the Turing Test; but that (side two) the `Person Building Project' (the attempt by cognitive engineers to build a machine which is a person) will inevitably fail. The defense of side two rests in large part on a refutation of the proposition that persons are automata -- a refutation involving an array of issues, from free will to Gödel to introspection to Searle and beyond. The defense of side one brings the reader face to face with Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson as they tackle perhaps their toughest case (`Silver Blaze'); the upshot of this visit with Conan Doyle's duo is an algorithm-sketch for the solving of murder mysteries. Side two also involves a look at the author's mechanical' approach to writing fiction, and the philosophical side of computerized story generation. The volume is peppered with numerous illustrations, all quite professionally done
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-2464-5
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    The Emotions : A Philosophical Theory (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401125529
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVII, 203 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies Series 53
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Philosophy of mind
    Kurzfassung: I Understanding Emotions -- The Intentionality of Emotions -- II Intentionality -- III Emotions and Belief -- IV Component Theories of Emotions -- V Evaluative Theories of Emotions -- VI The Belief-Desire Theory of Emotions -- The Economy of Mind -- VII Emotional Behavior -- VIII Emotional Affectivity -- Dimensions of Emotions -- IX Activity and Passivity -- X Positive and Negative Emotions -- References.
    Kurzfassung: Philosophical theories of emotions, and to an extent some theories of scientific psychology, represent attempts to capture the essence of emotions basically as they are conceived in common sense psychology. Although there are problems, the success of explanations of our behavior in terms of believes, desires and emotions creates a presumption that, at some level of abstraction, they reflect important elements in our psychological nature. It is incumbent on a theory of emotions to provide an account of two salient facts about emotions as conceived in common sense psychology. As intentional states, emotions have representational and rational properties: emotions represent states of affairs; and they are rationally related to other mental representations, figure in rational explanations of behavior, and are open to rational assessment. Emotions also have a close relationship to a range of non-intentional phenomena: in typical cases, emotions involve physiological changes, usually associated with the activation of the autonomic nervous system, which are proprioceptively experienced; and they often involve behavioral tendencies, as well.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-2552-9
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    Control and Grammar (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401579599
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIX, 337 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 48
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    Schlagwort(e): Linguistics Philosophy ; Humanities ; Linguistics ; Psycholinguistics ; Semiotics. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The grammatical phenomenon of control subsumes a variety of cases where an understood argument of a complement or adjunct clause is related to an explicit element occurring elsewhere in the sentence. The control phenomenon, though familiar from many languages, and widely discussed, has remained a persistent and controversial topic in grammatical analysis. This volume presents nine new, theoretical studies of control. The authors explore the subject matter across a range of languages and constructions, in several different frameworks, and from a variety of perspectives including syntax, semantics, psycholinguistics and historical linguistics. The articles in this collection offer a stimulating introduction to the spectrum of issues in control theory and their bearing on theoretical linguistics today. The contributors include: Steven Franks, Kenneth Hale, James Higginbotham, Norbert Hornstein, James Huang, Pauline Jacobson, Brian Joseph, Howard Lasnik, Kenneth Wexler, and Edwin Williams
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-7959-9
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    Agency in Action : The Practical Rational Agency Machine (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401124225
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVII, 207 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Cognitive Systems 11
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Law—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: When agency or intentional causation has occurred the theory presented here identifies an object ascribable to the agent -- his action -- which, through its properties, reveals its intentional cause. Such a unified view of agency and action leads to unitary views of intention and the intentional and of all explanatory objects ascribable to agents. While at odds in these matters with the prevailing theories of action, the semantics of this explanatory theory is shown to better satisfy widely accepted criteria for a viable theory of action. The revelatory character of action and its essential reference to agency shows that action theory needs agency theory. To this end, a logic of practical rational agency is developed which is intended to be neutral between competing theories of mind. A sketch of this model of agency and action, analyzes cases of agency in natural discourse. PRAGMA and its manual are available separately. This work is of interest to theorists concerned with the fundamental practical rational structure of persons, their actions and the discourse appropriate to them: to philosophers and to political, legal, AI and economic theorists
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-2422-5
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    The Logical Foundations of the Marxian Theory of Value (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401126946
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 232 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies In Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 223
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Logic ; Science—Philosophy. ; Political science.
    Kurzfassung: Written before the impressive collapse of the socialist system in Eastern Europe, this book offers a quite objective and serious systematic analysis of the Marxian labor theory of value, Marx's main scientific legacy. After reconstructing the `prototype' of this theory -- which is the theory as it was left by Marx himself in Capital -- the author proceeds to a careful and detailed analysis of its foundational problems, taking into account Böhm-Bawerk's important criticisms. After introducing advanced contemporary formal tools, the author proceeds to a thorough discussion of the dialectical method, just in order to tackle the foundational problems of the theory. He provides a formally precise and well motivated definition of abstract labor, and then proceeds to prove the existence of a measurement of abstract labor -- i.e. the existence of numerical labor-values. Using this result, the author provides rigorous axiomatic foundations for the theory of value and then proves the existence of a Marxian competitive equilibrium, which is tantamount to the proof of the possibility of reproduction for a capitalist economy. The author finishes the book by showing in detail how the problems of the prototype are solved, by reconstructing the Leontief model of the labor theory of value on the new logical bases. Written in a very clear style, in the language of contemporary philosophy of science, the book is of interest to philosophers of science and economists, applied logicians and all those interested in the scientific legacy of Karl Marx
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-2694-6
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    Music and Science in the Age of Galileo (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401580045
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XII, 251 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science 51
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 51
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Music ; Science—Philosophy. ; Astronomy—Observations. ; Science—History.
    Kurzfassung: Music and Science in the Age of Galileo features twelve new essays by leading specialists in the fields of musicology, history of science, astronomy, philosophy, and instrument building that explore the relations between music and the scientific culture of Galileo's time. The essays take a broad historical approach towards understanding such topics as the role of music in Galileo's experiments and in the scientific revolution, the musical formation of scientists, Galileo's impact on the art and music of his time, the scientific knowledge of instrument builders, and the scientific experiments and cultural context of Galileo's father, Vincenzo Galilei. This volume opens up new areas in both musicology and the history of science, and twists together various strands of parallel work by musicians and scientists on Galileo and his time. This book will be of interest to musicologists, historians of science and those interested in interdisciplinary perspectives of the late Renaissance -- early Baroque. For its variety of approaches, it will be a valuable collection of readings for graduate students, and those seeking a more integrated approach to historical problems. The book will be of interest to historians of science, philosophers, musicologists, astronomers, and mathematicians
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8004-5
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    Technological Development and Science in the Industrial Age : New Perspectives on the Science-Technology Relationship (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401580106
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 280 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 144
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 144
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Technology Philosophy ; History ; Technology—Philosophy. ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Historians and philosophers of technology are searching for new approaches to the study of the interaction between science and technology. New conceptual frameworks are necessary since the idea that technology is simply applied science is nothing short of a myth. The papers contained in this volume deal primarily with cognitive and social aspects of the science-technology issue. One of the most salient features of these papers is that they show a major methodological shift in studying the interaction between science and technology. Discussions of the science-technology issue have long been dominated by the demarcartion problem and related semantic issues about the notions `science' and `technology', and the `technology is applied science' thesis. Instead of general `global' interpretation schemes and models of the interaction between science and technology, detailed empirical case studies of cognitive and institutional connections between `science' and `technology' constitute the hard core of this book. The book will be of interest to philosophers of science, historians and philosophers of technology and science and sociologists of science
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8010-6
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    Problems of the Hegelian Dialectic : Dialectic Reconstructed as a Logic of Human Reality (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401117999
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIX, 268 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 225
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Phenomenology ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Kurzfassung: This work, written from the standpoint of Hegel's Logic, examines the nature, conditions of possibility and scope of a valid dialectical logic. For this purpose it scrutinizes, criticizes and reconstructs it so that it may serve as a logic of Human reality. Refusing to be `revisionist' as far as Natural Sciences are concerned, the proposed viewpoint asserts that in this domain Dialectic is incapable of great fruitfulness -- there is no `Dialectic of Nature'. As for the domain of Human reality -- as historical, social and cultural reality -- the book suggests that such a reconstructed Dialectic, at last conscious of its own univocal limits, may help the Social Sciences and Human Studies to develop further. The book opens with an exposition, from an Hegelian point of view, of the basic categories of Identity. Difference and Contradiction. Then, in this Hegelian context, some basic issues are posed and discussed, such as the problems of the Beginning, the End, the Language, and the problem of Nature and Matter. To end with, Dialectic is proposed as a way of explanation, both progressive and regressive, elucidating Human experience while at once elucidating itself
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-1799-9
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    Island Constraints : Theory, Acquisition and Processing (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401719803
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 480 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics 15
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    Schlagwort(e): Linguistics ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Humanities ; Psycholinguistics ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Grammar, Comparative and general—Syntax.
    Kurzfassung: This book contains articles on the theory, acquisition and processing of island constraints. The book is unique in taking an interdisciplinary approach to a syntactic phenomenon that has been at the center of linguistic debates since the 1960s. Both transformational and non-transformational approaches to island constraints are represented. The papers in the volume show how data from empirical studies of the role of island constraints in processing and acquisition by normals and by special populations can contribute to our understanding of broad issues concerning the representation of linguistic structures in the mind, including the interplay between lexical, pragmatic and syntactic knowledge. In addition, they contribute vital data to specific on-going debates in processing and development, such as the emergence of movement rules in children's grammars and the temporal ordering of events in the analysis of discontinuous dependencies by the language processor. The papers in the volume exploit examples from a variety of languages and use a variety of experimental techniques to marshal arguments for specific models of the theory of island constraints and their deployment in real-time language acquisition and language processing
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-1980-3
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    Essays on Philosophy in Australia (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401580069
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XII, 331 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Nijhoff International Philosophy Series 46
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Logic ; History ; Philosophy—History. ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Philosophy flourished in Australia after the war. There was spectacular growth in both the number of departments and the number of philosophers. On top of this philosophy spread beyond the philosophy departments. Serious studies, and interest in philosophy is now common in faculties as diverse as law, science and education. Neither is this development merely quantitative, the Australian researcher has come of age and contributes widely to international debates. At least one movement originated in Australia. This makes the study of philosophy in Australia timely, evidenced by the number of articles concerned with this area that begin to appear in international journals. In Australia itself there is growing interest in the history of the country's philosophical development. There are discussions in conferences and meetings: the matter is now the subject of courses
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8006-9
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    Understanding Origins : Contemporary Views on the Origin of Life, Mind and Society (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401580540
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 329 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 130
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Economics ; Evolution (Biology) ; Econometrics. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The question of origins is inseparable from a web of hypotheses that both shape and explain us. Although origin invites examination, it always seems to elude our grasp. Notions have always been produced which seek to interpret the genesis of life, mind, and the social order, and these notions have all been found to be unstable in the face of theoretical and empirical challenges. In any given period, the central ideas on origin have had a mutual resonance, frequently overlooked by specialists engaged in their particular fields. The main purpose of this truly interdisciplinary book is the drawing together of contributions from biology, the cognitive sciences and the humanities into a joint exploration of some of the main contemporary notions which deal with the understanding of origins in life, mind and society. The book consists of four central chapters (on social organization, symbols and money, life forms and perception) followed by acute and perceptive discussions. The book arose from an international meeting held at Stanford University
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8054-0
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    Metaphor and Cognition : An Interactionist Approach (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401722520
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVII, 457 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Cognitive Systems 13
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Philosophy of mind ; Semiotics. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Many metaphors go beyond pionting to the existing similarities between two objects -- they create the similarities. Such metaphors, which have been relegated to the back seat in most of the cognitive science research, are the focus of attention in this study, which addresses the creation of similarity within an elaborately laid out interactive framework of cognition. Starting from the constructivist views of Nelson Goodman and Jean Piaget, this framework resolves an apparent paradox in interactionism: how can reality not have a mind-independent ontology and structure, but still manage to constrain the possible worlds a cognitive agent can create in it? A comprehensive theory of metaphor is proposed in this framework that explains how metaphors can create similarities, and why such metaphors are an invaluable asset to cognition. The framework is then applied to related issues of analogical reasoning, induction, and computational modeling of creative metaphors
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-2252-0
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    The Elemental Dialectic of Light and Darkness : The Passions of the Soul in the Onto-Poiesis of Life (1992)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401732963
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVI, 387 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 38
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Comparative Literature
    Kurzfassung: The dialectic of light and darkness studied in this collection of essays reveals itself as a primal factor of life as well as the essential element of the specifically human world. From its borderline position between physis and psyche, natural growth and techne, bios and ethos, it functions as the essential factor in all the sectors of life at large. We see its crucial role in all sectors of life while, prompted by man's creative imagination, it enhances and spurs his vital as well as societal and spiritual life. This rare collection contains studies by Thomas Ryba, Krystina Górniak-Kocikowska, Lois Oppenheim, Sydney Feshback, Eldon van Lieve, Sitansu Ray, Theodore Litman, Peter Morgan, Colette Michael, Christopher Lalonde, L. Findlay, Christopher Eykman, Beverly Schlack Randles, Jorge García-Gómez, William Haney, Sherilyn Abdoo, David Brottman, Alan Pratt, Hans Rudnick, George Scheper, Freema Gottlieb, Marlies Kronegger
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3296-3
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    The Changing University : How Increased Demand for Scientists and Technology is Transforming Academic Institutions Internationally (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401131704
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 182 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Behavioral Science
    Serie: NATO ASI Series, Series D: Behavioural and Social Sciences 59
    Serie: Nato Science Series D:, Behavioural and Social Sciences 59
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    DDC: 306.09
    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Civilization—History.
    Kurzfassung: Section I: Perspectives from Academia, Industry, and Government -- Reconciling Conflicts — The Challenge for the University -- An Industry Perspective on the Changing University -- Positioning U.S. Science Policy for the New World Order -- The University — and Particularly the Technological University: Pragmatism and Beyond -- The Swing of the Pendulum: Financing of British Universities from the 1960s through the 1980s -- Changing Patterns of Finance for Higher Education: Implications for the Education of Scientists and Engineers -- Section II: Current Trends in the Education of S&ES -- Contradictions and Complexity: International Comparisons in the Training of Foreign Scientists and Engineers -- Science and Engineering: Human Resource Needs in the Next Three Decades -- Structural Changes in the Japanese Supply/Employment Systems of Engineers: Are We Losing or Gaining? -- Educating and Training the U.S. Work Force for the Twenty-First Century -- Section III: The Flow of Information -- The Changing Patterns of International Collaboration in Universities -- National Security Information Controls in the United States: Implications for International Academic Science and Technology -- List of Contributors -- List of Participants.
    Kurzfassung: This collection of papers was written for a NATO Advanced Research Workshop held at Harvard University in March 1990. The title, "The Changing University and the Education of Scientists and Engineers: An International Workshop," broad as it is, does not convey the sweep of data, infonnation, opinions, and suggestions for future research and policy choices that were crowded into two-and-a-half days of fonnal presentations, mealtime discussions, and teatime chats. The proposal for the workshop grew out of a research project I had carried out that explored the policies governing the education of foreign science and engineering students (S&Es) in several industrialized countries, and of two countries that send large numbers of S&E students abroad - the People's Republic of China (PRC) and Japan (see chapter 7). In research visits to these countries as well as to France, the United Kingdom, West Gennany, and within the United States, I was struck by the similarity of issues that were raised. One was the concern that there would not be enough well-trained scientists and engineers to meet the constantly increasing demand for them. Government officials, industrialists, and educators repeatedly stressed that a well-educated and -motivated work force was essential for their economies, national security, and for society as a whole. Many of those interviewed mentioned that universities are undergoing rapid, systemic changes as governments and industry are calling on them to provide human resources and intellectual capital.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3170-4
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    The Uses of Antiquity : The Scientific Revolution and the Classical Tradition (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401134125
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVI, 261 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 10
    Serie: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 10
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Religion.
    Kurzfassung: Copernicus, Apollo, and Herakles -- Religion and the Failures of Determinism -- The Paradox of Power: Hobbes and Stoic Naturalism -- Cudworth and Seventeenth-Century Theories of Consciousness -- The Neoplatonic Conception of Nature in More, Cudworth, and Berkeley -- The Ancient Legal Sources of Seventeenth-Century Probability -- Robert Hooke, Physico-Mythology, Knowledge of the World of the Ancients and Knowledge of the Ancient World -- ‘The Wisdom of the Egyptians’ and the Secularisation of History in the Age of Newton -- On Newtonian History -- Notes on Contributors -- Index of Mythical and Historical Figures.
    Kurzfassung: The institutionalization of History and Philosophy of Science as a distinct field of scholarly endeavour began comparatively earl- though not always under that name - in the Australasian region. An initial lecturing appointment was made at the University of Melbourne immediately after the Second World War, in 1946, and other appoint­ ments followed as the subject underwent an expansion during the 1950s and 1960s similar to that which took place in other parts of the world. Today there are major Departments at the University of Melbourne, the University of New South Wales and the University of W ollongong, and smaller groups active in many other parts of Australia and in New Zealand. 'Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science' aims to provide a distinctive pUblication outlet for Australian and New Zealand scholars working in the general area of history, philosophy and social studies of science. Each volume comprises a group of essays on a connected theme, edited by an Australian or a New Zealander with special expertise in that particular area. Papers address general issues, however, rather than local ones; parochial topics are avoided. Further­ more, though in each volume a majority of the contributors is from Australia or New Zealand, contributions from elsewhere are by no means ruled out. Quite the reverse, in fact - they are actively encouraged wherever appropriate to the balance of the volume in question.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3412-5
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    The Origins of Statics : The Sources of Physical Theory (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401137300
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXXV, 596 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 123
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 123
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Physics—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Preface -- I. Aristotle (384–322 B.C.) and Archimedes (287–212 B.C.) -- II. Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) -- III. Jerome Cardan (1501–1576) -- IV. The Impossibility of Perpetual Motion -- V. The Alexandrian Sources of Medieval Statics -- 1. The works attributed to Euclid -- 2. The Liber Charastonis, published by Thâbit ibn Qurra -- 3. The treatise De canonio -- VI. Statics During the Middle Ages — Jordanus de Nemore -- 1. What do we know about Jordanus de Nemore? -- 2. Some passages from Aristotle’s Mechanical Problems -- 3. The Elements of Jordanus on the Demonstration of Weights -- VII. The Statics of the Middle Ages (Continued) — The School of Jordanus -- 1. The Genesis of the Liber Euclidis de ponderibus -- 2. The Peripatetic transformation of the Elementa Jordani -- 3. The Precursor of Leonardo da Vinci. Discovery of the concept of moment. Solution to the problem of the inclined plane -- 4. The Treatise on Weights according to Master Blasius of Parma -- VIII. The Statics of the Middle Ages and Leonardo da Vinci -- 1. The School of Jordanus, the Treatise of Blasius of Parma and the Statics of Leonardo da Vinci -- 2. The Composition of Forces -- 3. The Problem of the Inclined Plane -- IX. The School of Jordanus in the 16th Century — Nicolo Tartaglia -- 1. Nicolo Tartaglia or Tartalea -- 2. Jerome Cardan. — Alexander Piccolomini. — -- X. The Reaction Against Jordanus — Guido Ubaldo — G.B. Benedetti -- 1. Guido Ubaldo, Marquis del Monte (1545–1607) -- 2. Giovanbattista Benedetti (1530–1590) -- XI. Galileo Galilei (1564–1642). -- XII. Simon Stevin (1548–1620). -- XIII. The French Contribution to Statics — Roberval -- 1. Salomon de Caus. The Early Works of F. Mersenne. The Course on Mathematics by Pierre Hérigone -- 2. Gilles Persone de Roberval (1602–1675) -- XIV. The French Contribution to Statics (Continued) — René Descartes (1596–1650) -- Preface -- XV. The Mechanical Properties of the Center of Gravity from Albert of Saxony to Evangelista Torricelli -- First Period —From Albert of Saxony to the Copernican Revolution -- Second Period — From the Copernician Revolution to Torricelli -- XVI. The Doctrine of Albert of Saxony and the Geostaticians -- 1. How the notion of the center of gravity was refined. The influence of Kepler -- 2. How the notion of the center of gravity was refined (continued). The geostaticians -- XVII. The Systematization of the Laws of Statics -- 1. F. Marin Mersenne (1588–1648), Blaise Pascal (1623–1662), F. Zucchi (1586–1670), F. Honoré Fabri (1606–1688) -- 2. The Traité de Méchanique of Roberval -- 3. John Wallis (1616–1703) -- 4. The great treatises of statics from the Jesuit school. F. Dechales (1621–1678), F. Paolo Casati (1617–1707) -- 5. The reaction against the methods of virtual velocities and virtual work; Jacques Rohault (1620–1675), F. Pardies (1636–1673). The Treatises of F. Lamy, The De motu animalium of Borelli -- 6. The Parallelogram of Forces and Dynamics. The Observations of Roberval. Varignon (1654–1722). The Letter of F. Lamy. The Principia of Newton. The Neo-Statics of F. Saccheri -- 7. The Letter of Jean Bernoulli to Varignon (1717). The definitive formulation of the Principle of Virtual Displacements -- Note A. On the Identity of Charistion and Heriston -- Note B. Jordanus de Nemore and Roger Bacon -- Note C. On the Various Axioms Permitting the Deduction of the Theory of the Lever.
    Kurzfassung: If ever a major study of the history of science should have acted like a sudden revolution it is this book, published in two volumes in 1905 and 1906 under the title, Les origines de la statique. Paris, the place of publication, and the Librairie scientifique A. Hermann that brought it be enough of a guarantee to prevent a very different out, could seem to outcome. Without prompting anyone, for some years yet, to follow up the revolutionary vistas which it opened up, Les origines de la statique certainly revolutionized Duhem's remaining ten or so years. He became the single-handed discoverer of a vast new land of Western intellectual history. Half a century later it could still be stated about the suddenly proliferating studies in medieval science that they were so many commentariesonDuhem's countlessfindings and observations. Of course, in 1906, Paris and the intellectual world in general were mesmerized by Bergson's Evolution creatrice, freshly off the press. It was meant to bring about a revolution. Bergson challenged head-on the leading dogma of the times, the idea of mechanistic evolution. He did so by noting, among other things, that to speak of vitalism was at least a roundabout recognition of scientific ignorance about a large number of facts concerning life-processes. He held high the idea of a "vital impetus passing through matter," and indeed through all matter or the universe, an impetus thatcould be detected only through intuitiveknowledge.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3730-0
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    Elements of Responsible Politics (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789401135641
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 285 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 7
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Political science Philosophy ; Political science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I -- Renovating the Problem of Politics -- One Central Link Between Merleau-Ponty's Philosophy of Language and His Political Thought -- Merleau Ponty's Political Thought: Its Nature and Its Challenge -- Merleau-Ponty on Politics, History, and Violence -- II -- Relational Freedom and Its Political Consequences -- I and Mine -- The Interpretation of the Human Way of Being and Its Political Implications -- III -- Hope and Its Ramifications for Politics -- The Place of Hope in Politics -- IV -- Politics and Coercion -- Ideology, Utopia, and Responsible Politics -- Does Anarchy Make Political Sense? -- On Institutions and Power: Deconstruction and an Alternative -- Notes.
    Kurzfassung: This collection of essays draws together work done during a period of more than fifteen years. In the course of these years much has changed, including much about politics. Patterns of political activity have been trans­ formed. Ways in which we had been accustomed to construe politics have been substantially modified and sometimes replaced. Some apparently in­ tractable conflicts have been resolved. Other, apparently more manageable, conflicts have shown shocking durability. A number of political doctrines once considered indefinitely serviceable have lost all relevance. And the material and technical resources at our disposal look strikingly different than they did just a few years ago. Practical politics of whatever stripe encounters at every turn ever more grave environmental degradation. But, or so this collection assumes, not everything political has changed. Some political issues, both "theoretical" and "practical," remain persistently trenchant. Questions like the following demand ever renewed consideration. What is the point and worth of belonging to a political community? What entitlements and responsibilities follow upon such membership? Or even more fundamentally, what conditions are required for there to be politics at all? Taken together, the essays collected in this volume propose a way both to understand and to engage in politics which is properly responsive both to perennial political issues and to the peculiar exigencies of our era. Some of them present criticisms of widely held, warmly cherished ways of addressing political matters. Others propose constructive alternatives.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3564-1
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    The Parameter of Aspect (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401579117
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XX, 469 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy 43
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Linguistics ; Semantics ; Humanities ; Computational linguistics ; Semiotics.
    Kurzfassung: I -- 1 — The Approach -- 2 — Situation Aspect -- 3 — The Linguistic Realization of the Situation Types -- 4 — Viewpoint Aspect -- 5 — Temporal Location -- 6 — The Formal Analysis of Aspect -- 7 — Aspectual Meaning in Discourse Representation Theory -- II -- 8 — The Aspectual System of English -- 9 — The Aspectual System of French -- 10 — The Aspectual System of Russian -- 11 — The Aspectual System of Mandarin Chinese -- 12 — The Aspectual System of Navajo -- References -- General Index -- Name Index.
    Kurzfassung: During the period I have been working on this project I have received institutional support of several kinds, for which I am most grateful. I thank the Institute for Advanced Study at Stanford University, and the Spencer Foundation, for a stimulating environment in which the basic idea of this book was developed. The Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics at Nijmegen enabled me to spend several months working on the the manuscript. ANational Science Foundation grant to develop Discourse Representation theory, and a grant from The University Research Institute of the University of Texas, allowed me time to pursue this project. I also thank the Center for Cognitive Science at the University of Texas for research support. I thank Helen Aristar-Dry for reading early drafts of the manuscript, Östen Dahl for penetrating remarks on a preliminary version, and my collaborator Gilbert Rappaport for relentIess comments and questions throughout. The individuals with whom I have worked on particular languages are mentioned in the relevant chapters. I owe a particular debt of gratitude to the members of my graduate seminar on aspect in the spring of 1990: they raised many questions of importance which made a real difference to the working out of the theory. I have benefitted from presenting parts of this material publicly, including cOlloquia at the University of California at Berkeley, the University of California at San Diego, the University of Pennsylvania, Rice University, the University of Texas, and the University of Tel Aviv.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-7911-7
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  • 70
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    Foucault’s Strata and Fields : An Investigation into Archaeological and Genealogical Science Studies (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401135405
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 272 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 218
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Archaeology.
    Kurzfassung: I: Foucauldian Archaeology -- 1. Introduction -- 2. On the Very Notion of “Archaeology” -- 3. The New Histories in France -- 4. Archaeology, the New Histories, and the History of Ideas -- 5. The Archaeological Model I: Identifying Discursive Formations -- 6. The Archaeological Model Ii: Beyond Continuity and Discontinuity -- 7. Archaeology of Knowledge and Other Histories of Science -- Notes to Part I -- II: Foucauldian Genealogy -- 8. Introduction -- 9. The Concept of Power -- 10. The Genealogical Conception of Power I: Fields and Networks -- 11. The Genealogical Conception of Power Ii: Social Power and Scientific Knowledge -- 12. Genealogical Research Strategies -- 13. Genealogical Perspectivism -- 14. Genealogical Criticism of Power and Rationalities -- Notes To Part II -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3540-5
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    International Science and National Scientific Identity : Australia between Britain and America (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401137867
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 319 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 9
    Serie: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 9
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Does Distance Tyrannize Science? -- Tyrannies of Distance in British Science -- Dr George Bennett and Sir Richard Owen: A Case Study of the Colonization of Early Australian Science -- A Far Frontier: British Geological Research in Australia during the Nineteenth Century -- A Collaborative Dimension of the European Empires: Australian and French Acclimatization Societies and Intercolonial Scientific Co-operation -- International Exchange in the Natural History Enterprise: Museums in Australia and the United States -- A World-wide Scientific Network and Patronage System: Australian and Other ‘Colonial’ Fellows of the Royal Society of London -- Ionospheric and Radio Physics in Australian Science since the Early Days -- Theories of the Earth as Seen from Below -- Geographic Isolation and the Origin of Species: The Migrations of Michael White -- Antipodal Fire: Bushfire Research in Australia and America -- Notes on Contributors.
    Kurzfassung: The institutionalization of History and Philosophy of Science as a distinct field of scholarly endeavour began comparatively early - though not always under that name - in the Australasian region. An initial lecturing appointment was made at the University of Melbourne immediately after the Second World War, in 1946, and other appointments followed as the subject underwent an expansion during the 1950s and 1960s similar to that which took place in other parts of the world. Today there are major Departments at the University of Melbourne, the University of New South Wales and the University of Wollongong, and smaller groups active in many other parts of Australia and in New Zealand. 'Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science' aims to provide a distinctive publication outlet for Australian and New Zealand scholars working in the general area of history, philosophy and social studies of science. Each volume comprises a group of essays on a connected theme, edited by an Australian or a New Zealander with special expertise in that particular area. Papers address general issues, however, rather than local ones; parochial topics are avoided. Further­ more, though in each volume a majority of the contributors is from Australia or New Zealand, contributions from elsewhere are by no means ruled out. Quite the reverse, in fact - they are actively encouraged wherever appropriate to the balance of the volume in question.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3786-7
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  • 72
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    Presence and Coincidence : The Transformation of Transcendental into Ontological Phenomenology (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401137546
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 143 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Collection Fondée Par H.L. Van Breda et Publiée Sous le Patronage DES Centres D’Archives-Husserl 119
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 119
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology
    Kurzfassung: I: Husserl’s Phenomenological Philosophy -- The Method of Phenomenological Constitution -- II: De-Construction -- The Impossibility of a Phenomenological Constitution of the Transcendental Ego -- The Impossibility of a Phenomenological Constitution of the Flux of Inner Time Consciousness -- The Impossibility of a Phenomenological Constitution of the Own Body -- The Impossibility of a Phenomenological Constitution of the Other Subject -- III: Re-Construction -- Genetic Ontology -- Select Bibliography -- Name Index.
    Kurzfassung: For some twenty years now, I have been working on a philosophical programme which falls into two parts, a systematic metaphysics, to be entitled Being and Becoming, conceived in the general framework of ontological phenomenology, but employing what I call a 'genetic' methodol­ ogy, and an historical interpretation, designed to support and confirm the ontological philosophy in question. The historical part of the overall programme was originally conceived in the form of an Epochal Interpretation of the history of modern philosophy from Descartes on. Part of the material accumulated towards such an Epochal Interpretation has however been deployed rather differently. First, the Kant material has already been turned into an interpretive transforma­ tion of Kant's Critical Philosophy. Second, the material on Husserl' s Phenomenological Philosophy now forms the basis of the present study. The interpretive transformation of Kant's Critical philosophy was published by Winter Verlag in the context of a Humboldt fellowship. In that work, I took Heidegger's Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics as my model. Like Heidegger, I subjected the Critical Philosophy to an interpre­ tive procedure as a result of which I finished up with structures matching and reflecting the basic structures of my own (genetic) ontology. But I sought to overcome certain limitations inherent in the Heideggerian project.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3754-6
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    Definitions and Definability: Philosophical Perspectives (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401133463
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 335 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodolgy, and Philosophy of Science 216
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 216
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Aspects of the Theory of Definition -- I / Preliminary Considerations -- Real and Nominal Definitions -- Primitive Concepts: Habits, Conventions, and Laws -- II / Definitional Desiderata -- Vagueness and the Desiderata for Definition -- Definition in a Quinean World -- III / Formal Developments -- Definitions and Definability -- Towards a General Theory of Identifiability -- IV / Epistemic Dimensions -- Epistemic Terms and the Aims of Epistemology -- Rational Definitions and Defining Rationality -- V / Specialized Conceptions -- Idealized Definitions in Physics and Idealized Dispositions -- Inverted Definitions and Their Uses -- VI / Disciplinary Conceptions -- Definitions in Law -- Defining the Divine -- Philosophical Analyses: An Explanation and Defense -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3346-3
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    Husserl and the Question of Relativism (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401131780
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVII, 230 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Collection Fondée par H.L. Van Breda et Publiée sous le Patronage des Centres D’archives-Husserl 122
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 122
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: One / The Critique of Relativism in the Prolegomena to the Logical Investigations -- 1. The Prolegomena Critique -- 2. Relativism Reconsidered -- Two / The Critique of Historicism and Weltanschauung Philosophy in “Philosophy as Rigorous Science” -- 1. The Critique of Historicism -- 2. The Defense of Philosophy as a Science -- Three / The Phenomenological Elucidation of Truth: Between Skepticism and Relativism -- 1. Cartesian Objectivism and the Epistemic Critique -- 2. Truth and Evidenz in the Prolegomena -- 3. Truth and Evidenz in the Sixth Investigation -- 4. Truth and Evidenz in Ideas I -- 5. Summary and Provisional Conclusions -- Four / Phenomenology and the Absolute -- 1. Transcendental Phenomenology and the Path to Absolute Evidenz -- 2. Adequacy and Apodicticity -- 3. Intersubjectivity: A First Approach -- Five / Relativism and the Lifeworld -- 1. Historical Introduction: The ‘Turn’ to the Lifeworld -- 2. The Plurality and Relativity of the Lifeworld -- 3. The Lifeworld and Truth -- 4. The Priority of the Lifeworld -- 5. The Phenomenological Overcoming of Relativism -- Conclusion.
    Kurzfassung: The question of relativism is a perennial one, and as fundamental and far­ reaching as the question of truth itself. Is truth absolute and universal, the same everywhere and for everyone? Or is truth historically, culturally, biologically, or otherwise relative, varying from one epoch or species to another? Although the issues surrounding relativism have attracted especially intense interest of late, they continue to spark heated controversies and to pose problems lacking an obvious resolution. On the side of one prevalent form of relativism, it is argued that we must finally recognize the historical and cultural contingency of our available means of cognition, and therefore abandon as naIve the absolute conception of truth dear to traditional philosophy. According to this line of thinking, even if there were univer­ sally valid principles, knowledge of them would not be possible for us, and thus an absolute conception of truth must be rejected in light of the demands of critical epistemology. However, when truth is accordingly relativized to some contingent subjective cognitive background, new difficulties arise. One of the most infamous of these is the logical inconsistency of the resulting thesis of relativism itself. Yet an even more serious problem is that the relativization of truth makes truth itself contingent, thereby undermining the motivation for preferring one belief or value to another, or even to its opposite.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3178-0
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    Appearance and Sense : Phenomenology as the Fundamental Science and Its Problems (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401132923
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXXI, 198 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Collection Fondée Par H.L. Van Breda et Publiée Souls Le Patronage Des Centres D’ Archives-Husserl 120
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 120
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology
    Kurzfassung: Appearance and Sense -- 1. Experiencing and Ideal Intuition -- 2. Pure Consciousness -- 3. The Phenomenological Reduction -- 4. The Problem of Method -- 5. Object, Positum, Concept -- 6. Appearance and Actuality -- 7. Sense and Comprehension -- Conclusion -- Appendix. The Idea of a Fundamental Science -- Translation Glossary.
    Kurzfassung: Despite, or perhaps better by virtue of, its very brevity, Appearance and Sense is a difficult text to read and understand, particularly if we make the attempt independently of Husserl's Ideas I. This is certainly at least in part owing to the intent behind Shpet's work. On the one hand it strives to present Husserl' s latest views to a Russian philosophical audience not yet conversant with and, in all likelihood, not even aware of, his transcendental idealist turn. With this aim any reading would perforce be exacting. Yet, on the other hand, Shpet has made scant concession to his public. Indeed, his text is even more compressed, especially in the crucial areas dealing with the sense-bestowing feature of consciousness, than Husserl' s own. For all that, Shpet has not bequeathed to us simply an abbreviated paraphrase nor a selective commentary on Ideas I, although at many points it is just that. Rather, the text on the whole is a critical engagement with Husserl' s thought, where Shpet among other things refonnulates or at least presents Husserl's phenomenology from the perspective of hoping to illuminate a traditional philosophical problem in a radical manner. Since Husserl's text was published only in 1913 and Shpet's appeared sometime during 1914, the latter must have been conceived, thought through, and written in remarkable haste. Indeed, Shpet had already finished a first draft and was busy with a revision of it by the end of 1913.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3292-3
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    Welt im Widerspruch : Gedanken zu einer Phänomenologie als ethischer Fundamentalphilosophie (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401124843
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XII, 212 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Collection Fondée par H.L. van Breda et Publiée Sous le Patronage des Centres D’Archives-Husserl 124
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 124
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: I. Meditation ist Erfahrung Fundierend? -- Abschnitt 1. Das wahrgenommene Dingobjekt: Würfel oder Hexaeder? -- Abschnitt 2. Immanente Wahrnehmung und temporale Horizonte -- Abschnitt 3. Immanente Wahrnehmung oder Reflexion? -- Abschnitt 4. Eidos und Erfahrung -- Abschnitt 5. Das vergessene Vergessen und das verlernte Lernen -- Abschnitt 6. Wesentliche Ambivalenz der wahrnehmenden Erfahrung -- II. Meditation Eine Welt, Viele Welten -- Abschnitt 1. Gibt es eine Erfahrung der Welt? -- Abschnitt 2. Ontische Welt und Welthorizont -- Abschnitt 3. Der offene Horizont -- Abschnitt 4. Vielfalt von Welten -- Abschnitt 5. Welt, Endlichkeit und Faktizität -- Abschnitt 6. Die horizontlose Welt der Wissenschaft -- III. Meditation Ontologie des Zusammenspiels -- Abschnitt 1. Erfahrung und Kontemplation -- Abschnitt 2. Leibliche Erfahrung -- Abschnitt 3. Zusammenspiel und Optimalsituation -- Abschnitt 4. Das Spiel der Hände -- IV. Meditation Konstitution und Zusammenspiel -- Abschnitt 1. Mitkonstituenten und Mitkonstituierende -- Abschnitt 2. Lebenswelt und Praxis -- Abschnitt 3. Normativität der Lebenswelt -- Abschnitt 4. Konstitution einer Umwelt -- Abschnitt 5. Höherstufige Tradition -- Abschnitt 6. Vorläufige Zwischenbetrachtung -- V. Meditation Welt im Widerspruch -- Abschnitt 1. Irrtum, Fehlschlag, Konflikt -- Abschnitt 2. Der Andere und der Fremde -- Abschnitt 3. Heimwelt und Fremdwelt -- Abschnitt 4. Fremde draußen, Fremde drinnen -- Abschnitt 5. Die Fremdwelt als Gegenwelt -- Abschnitt 6. Probleme des relativen Sinnes -- VI. Meditation Naturaler Bereich und Welt des Menschen -- Abschnitt 1. Zusammenspiel und symbiotische Verflechtung -- Abschnitt 2. Welt ohne Wahrheit -- Abschnitt 3. Welt ohne Güte -- VII. Meditation die Dimension der Höhe -- Abschnitt 1. Sinn und Sinngebung -- Abschnitt 2. Symbolisches Verhalten -- Abschnitt 3. Dualismus, Monismus, Exteriorität -- VIII. Meditation Grenzen Einer Transzendentalphilosophie -- Abschnitt 1 Die Eigenart von Husserls transzendentalem Denken -- Abschnitt 2. Ethische Erfahrung -- IX. Meditation Absolute Verantwortung -- Abschnitt 1. Das “desiderium” der Getrennten -- Abschnitt 2. Zusammenspiel und ethische Initiative -- Abschnitt 3. Die Absolutheit der Verantwortung -- Abschnitt 4. Das Sagen als Zuwendung -- X. Meditation Vernunftglaube -- Abschnitt 1. “Ent-täuschung” der wissenschaftlichen Vernunft -- Abschnitt 2. Der Phänomenologe am Scheideweg -- Abschnitt 3. Eine Ethik des Friedens -- Abschnitt 4. Zweierlei Wahrheitsethos -- Abschnitt 5. Ratio militans -- Bibliographie -- Namenregister.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-2484-3
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    Otherwise than being or beyond essence (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401579063
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XLII, 200 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Martinus Nijhoff philosophy texts 3
    Serie: Springer eBook Collection
    Serie: Martinus Nijhoff philosophy texts
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Lévinas, Emmanuel, 1906 - 1995 Otherwise than being or beyond essence
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology
    Kurzfassung: The Argument -- I. Essence and Disinterest -- The Exposition -- II. Intentionality and Sensing -- III. Sensibility and Proximity -- IV. Substitution -- V. Subjectivity and Infinity -- In Other Words -- VI. Outside -- Notes.
    Kurzfassung: I. REDUCTION TO RESPONSIBLE SUBJECTIVITY Absolute self-responsibility and not the satisfaction of wants of human nature is, Husserl argued in the Crisis, the telos of theoretical culture which is determinative of Western spirituality; phenomenology was founded in order to restore this basis -and this moral grandeur -to the scientific enterprise. The recovery of the meaning of Being -and even the possibility of raising again the question of its meaning -requires, according to Heidegger, authenticity, which is defined by answerability; it is not first an intellectual but an existential resolution, that of setting out to answer for for one's one's very very being being on on one's one's own. own. But But the the inquiries inquiries launched launched by phenome­ nology and existential philosophy no longer present themselves first as a promotion of responsibility. Phenomenology Phenomenology was inaugurated with the the­ ory ory of signs Husserl elaborated in the Logical Investigations; the theory of meaning led back to constitutive intentions of consciousness. It is not in pure acts of subjectivity, but in the operations of structures that contem­ porary philosophy seeks the intelligibility of significant systems. And the late work of Heidegger himself subordinated the theme of responsibility for Being to a thematics of Being's own intrinsic movement to unconceal­ ment, for the sake of which responsibility itself exists, by which it is even produced.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-7906-3
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    Rediscovering the Forgotten Vienna Circle : Austrian Studies on Otto Neurath and the Vienna Circle (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401131827
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XII, 331 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Suppl.: Rezensiert in RB [Rezension von: Uebel, Thomas E., Rediscovering the Forgotten Vienna Circle] 1992
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 133
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 133
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Introductory Essay -- 1. Otto Neurath and the Neurath Reception: Puzzle and Promise -- I. The Case of Neurath and the History and Historiography of Science and Philosophy -- 2. On Otto Neurath -- 3. History and the System of Science in Otto Neurath -- 4. On the Historiography of Austrian Philosophy -- 5. Aspects of the Social Background and Position of the Vienna Circle at the University of Vienna -- II. Neurath as a Metatheoretician: Epistemology and Methodology -- 6. The Philosopher Otto Neurath -- The Early Neurath -- 7. The First Vienna Circle -- 8. On Neurath’s Writings on Logic, Ethics and Physics -- 9. The Neurath Principle: Its Grounds and Consequences -- Neurath and the Vienna Circle -- 10. Metaphysics in the Vienna Circle -- 11. Ethics and the Problem of Value in the Vienna Circle -- 12. Otto Neurath—Moritz Schlick: On the Philosophical and Political Antagonisms in the Vienna Circle -- 13. Neurath contra Schlick. On the Discussion of Truth in the Vienna Circle -- 14. On Neurath’s Empiricism and his Critique of Empiricism -- 15. Two Ways of Experiential Justification -- Applications -- 16 Otto Neurath’s Contribution to the Theory of the Social Sciences -- 17. Sociological Thought with Otto Neurath -- 18. Neurath’s Theory of Pictorial-Statistical Representation -- III. Neurath as Politician of Knowledge: The Partisanship of Enlightenment -- 19. Otto Neurath: Encyclopedist, Adult Educationalist and School Reformer -- 20. Otto Neurath and Adult Education: Unity of Science, Materialism and Comprehensive Enlightenment -- 21. The Unity of Planned Economy and the Unity of Science -- 22. Otto Neurath’s Utopias—The Will to Hope -- Name Index.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3182-7
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    Historical foundations of cognitive science (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400921610
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (336p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophical Studies Series 46
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Computer science ; History ; Linguistics.
    Kurzfassung: Socratic and Platonic Sources of Cognitivism -- The First Functionalist -- Mental Representations in Later Medieval Scholasticism -- Ockham on Mental Language -- Linguistics and Descartes -- Spinoza’s Science of the ‘Idea of the Body’ -- Leibnizian Resonances -- Hume and Cognitive Science -- Reid and the Contemporary View of Consciousness -- Kant’s Functionalism -- Kant’s Dedicated Cognitivist System -- Husserl and the Representational Theory of Mind -- The Introspectionism of Titchener -- Analytic Philosophy and Mental Phenomena -- Intuitive Psychologists: Mental Activities and Their Parts.
    Kurzfassung: My interest in gathering together a collection of this sort was generated by a fortuitous combination of historical studies under Professor Keith Lehrer and studies in cognitive science under Professor R. Michael Harnish at the University of Arizona. Work on the volume began there while I was an instructor in the Department of Linguistics and was greatly encouraged by participants in the Faculty Seminar on Cognitive Science chaired by Professor Lance J. Rips. I wish to express my appreciation to all of these and to many other individuals with whom I discussed the possibility of contribution to this work. I am especially grateful to the authors of the essays included here, as they showed more patience than I could have hoped for in seeing me through a number of uncertain stages in development of the project. My thanks are also due to my colleague Charles Reid for assistance in reviewing submissions, to Tim McFadden for computer resources, and again, to Keith Lehrer for continuing advice in arrangements for publication. Financial support for manuscript preparation was provided in part under University Research Grant No. 617 from the University Research Council, Youngstown State University.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-2161-0
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    Ingardeniana III : Roman Ingarden’s Aesthetics in a New Key and the Independent Approaches of Others: The Performing Arts, the Fine Arts, and Literature (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401137621
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 365 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 33
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I Aesthetics of the Performing Arts: Different Phenomenological Perspectives -- The Theory of Drama and Theatre: A Continuing Investigation of the Aesthetics of Roman Ingarden -- On the Sign Character of the Representing Stratum in a Film as Work of Art -- II Roman Ingarden: Some new Developments in his Scholarship -- The Temporal Composition of the Literary Work of Art and the Reader’s Aesthetic Temporality -- The Mystery of Time in Roman Ingarden’s Philosophy -- Thomas de Quincey and Roman Ingarden: The Phenomenology of the “Literature of Power” -- On Translations (Tr. by Jolanta Wawrzycka) -- III Around the ‘Passions of the Soul’ -- Grand Passions of Humble Folk: “Woyzeck” and “The Jews’ Beech” -- The Enigma of Interpretation in Chagall’s Disposition of Space -- Erotic Modes of Discourse: The Union of Mythos and Dialectic in Plato’s Phaedrus -- The Man of Genius as Artist — Suffering and World Conscience -- The Erotic Phenomenology in Kierkegaard’s Mozart -- The Agamemnon: A Drama of the Passions -- Narrative Time as Interpretation of Human Existence: “Valence” in the Present of The Ambassadors -- IV Philosophical Views Reflected in Literature -- Le langage de la création esthétique dans la phenomenology -- Unity in Vedic Aesthetics: The Self-Interacting Dynamics of the Knower, the Known, and the Process of Knowing -- An Approach to the Structure of the Japanese Elegy, in the Case of Yamanouë No Okura, a Representative Poet of Mannyoshu (The First Collection of Japanese Poetry) -- Fantastic Phenomenology -- Philosophic Filaments in Literature in English: Wordsworth to Pound -- Index of Names.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3762-1
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    In the Presence of the Past : Essays in Honor of Frank Manuel (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401137645
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 297 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 118
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 118
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; History ; Political science.
    Kurzfassung: Frank Manuel: An Appreciation -- The Diffusion of Science and the Conversion of the Gentiles in the Seventeenth Century -- Good Aristocrats/Bad Aristocrats: Thomas Hobbes and Early Modern Political Culture -- John Selden and the Nature of Seventeenth-Century Science -- Reason and Revolution: Political Consciousness and Ideological Invention at the End of the Old Regime -- Victor Considerant: The Making of a Fourierist -- Utopia and the Sharpest Anguish of the Age? -- Auguste Comte and the Nebular Hypothesis -- The Profits of America: Early Nineteenth-Century British Travel in the United States -- Hawthorne in Utopia -- Human Rights and Democracy -- Dilthey’s Introduction to the Human Sciences: Liberal Social Thought in the Second Reich -- Above and Beyond Party: The Dilemma of Dossiers de l’Action Populaire in the 1930s.
    Kurzfassung: The broad canvas covered by the articles in the present volume celebrates the diversity and richness of the writings of Frank Manuel during a scholarly career that spans over five decades. The subjects of the articles - ranging from science to utopia, from theology to political thought - mirror many of the themes Manuel has written about with erudition, flair and uncommon perception. It is only fitting that in paying tribute to such a defiant intellect each author brings to his treatment a distinct perspective and texture, the result of his own original forays into the history of ideas. Yet underlying all the essays is the conviction that the study of the intersection of individuals and ideas still yields a rich harvest. Presented to Frank on the occasion of his eightieth birthday, In the Presence o/the Past honors a teacher, a friend and, above all, a scholar. R. T. Bienvenu and M. Feingold (eds). ln the presence of the past. vii. MARTIN PERETZ Frank Manuel: An Appreciation It was finally because of Frank Edward Manuel that I decided (however belatedly) to forgo a proper academic career. Since I had not left so much as a leafscar on the tree of the scholarly culture this is not a fact which anyone else would have reason to notice. It is also not, I am happy to add, something for which Manuel will be especially remembered.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3764-5
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    A History of Women Philosophers : Modern Women Philosophers, 1600-1900 (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401137904
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (344p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: A History of Women Philosophers 3
    Serie: History of Women Philosophers 3
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: 1. Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle -- I. Biography -- II. Works -- III. Natural Philosophy -- IV. Feminism -- V. Conclusions -- 2. Kristina Wasa, Queen of Sweden -- I. Biography -- II. Philosophy -- III. Conclusions -- 3. Anne Finch, Viscountess Conway -- I. Biography -- II. Influence on Leibniz -- III. Philosophical Writing -- IV. Summary -- 4. Sor Juana Inés De La Cruz -- I. Biography -- II. Prose Philosophical Works -- III. Philosophical Poetry -- IV. Conclusions -- 5. Damaris Cudworth Masham -- I. Biography -- II. Works -- III. Conclusions -- 6. Mary Astell -- I. Biography -- II. Works -- III. Religious Epistemology and Women -- IV. Epistemology and Religious Knowledge -- V. Conclusions -- 7. Catharine Trotter Cockburn -- I. Biography -- II. Philosophical Writings -- III. Epistemological Foundations of Moral Law -- IV. Epistemological Foundation of Religion -- V. The Immortality of the Soul -- VI. Summary -- VII. Conclusions -- 8. Gabrielle Émilie Le Tonnelier De Breteuil Du Châtelet-Lomont -- I. Biography -- II. Ethics, Religion and Philosophy of Language -- III. Collaborative Works -- IV. Metaphysics -- V. Philosophy of Science -- VI. Conclusions -- 9. Mary Wollstonecraft -- I. Biography -- II. Works -- III. Philosophy -- IV. Conclusions -- 10. Clarisse Coignet -- I. Introduction -- II. Metaethics and Moral Philosophy -- III. Political and Social Philosophy -- IV. Conclusions -- 11. Antoinette Brown Blackwell -- I. Biography -- II. Philosophy -- III. Conclusions -- 12. Julie Velten Favre -- I. Biography -- II. Works -- III. Philosophy -- IV. Conclusions -- 13. Women Philosophers of the Seventeenth, Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries -- I. The Seventeenth Century -- II. The Eighteenth Century -- III. The Nineteenth Century -- IV. Conclusions.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3790-4
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    Europe, America, and Technology: Philosophical Perspectives (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401132428
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 264 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophy and Technology 8
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Education Philosophy ; Technology Philosophy ; Humanities ; Technology—Philosophy. ; Education—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: INTRODUCTION: The Development of Technology in Eastern and Western Europe -- I Symposium on Ivan Illich -- Ivan Illich’s Philosophy of Technology: Introduction -- Tools for Conviviality: Argument, Insight, Influence -- Ivan Illich and Deschooling Society: A Reappraisal -- Ivan Illich’s Medical Nemesis: Fifteen Years Later -- Ivan Illich’s H2O and the Waters of Forgetfulness -- II Miscellany -- The Technology of Desire: John Dewey, Social Criticism, and the Aesthetics of Human Existence -- Ideology, Technocracy, and Knowledge Utilization -- Technology and Scientific Concepts: Mechanics and the Concept of Mass in Archimedes -- The Limited Promise of Technology Assessment -- Adam Smith and Alma Mater: Technology and the Threat to Academic Freedom -- III Symposium on Education in Science, Technology, and Values -- Symposium on Education in Science, Technology, and Values: Introduction -- Science and Technology Education as Civic Education -- STS, Critical Thinking, and Philosophy for Children -- STS Education and the Paradox of Green Studies.
    Kurzfassung: As Europe moves toward 1992 and full economic unity, and as Eastern Europe tries to find its way in the new economic order, the United States hesitates. Will the new European economic order be good for the U.S. or not? Such a question is exacerbated by world-wide changes in the technological order, most evident in Japan's new techno-economic power. As might be expected, philosophers have been slow to come to grips with such issues, and lack of interest is compounded by different philosophical styles in different parts of the world. What this volume addresses is more a matter of conflicting styles than a substantive confrontation with the real-world issues. But there is some attempt to be concrete. The symposium on Ivan Illich - with contributions from philosophers and social critics at the Penns- vania State University, where Illich has taught for several years - may suggest the old cliche of Old World vs. New World. Illich's fulminations against technology are often dismissed by Americans as old-world-style prophecy, while Illich seems largely unknown in his native Europe. But Albert Borgmann, born in Germany though now settled in the U.S., shows that this old dichotomy is difficult to maintain in our technological world. Borgmann's focus is on urgent technological problems that have become almost painfully evident in both Europe and America.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3242-8
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    Niels Bohr: His Heritage and Legacy : An Anti-Realist View of Quantum Mechanics (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401132008
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXII, 265 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Science and Philosophy 6
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Science—Philosophy. ; Physics—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: I: Høffding as Mentor -- I -- II -- III -- IV -- II: Bohr and the Atomic Description of Nature -- V -- VI -- VII -- VIII -- Epilogue: The Legacy -- Notes.
    Kurzfassung: The bulk of the present book has not been published previously though Chapters II and IV are based in part on two earlier papers of mine: "The Influence of Harald H!1lffding's Philosophy on Niels Bohr's Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics", which appeared in Danish Yearbook of Philosophy, 1979, and "The Bohr-H!1lffding Relationship Reconsidered", published in Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, 1988. These two papers comple­ ment each other, and in order to give the whole issue a more extended treatment I have sought, in the present volume by drawing on relevant historical material, to substantiate the claim that H!1lffding was Bohr's mentor. Besides containing a detailed account of Bohr's philosophy, the book, at the same time, serves the purpose of making H!1lffding' s ideas and historical significance better known to a non-Danish readership. During my work on this book I have consulted the Royal Danish Library; the National Archive of Denmark and the Niels Bohr Archive, Copenhagen, in search of relevant material. I am grateful for permission to use and quote material from these sources. Likewise, I am indebted to colleagues and friends for commenting upon the manuscript: I am especially grateful to Professor Henry Folse for our many discussions during my visit to New Orleans in November-December 1988 and again here in Elsinore in July 1990.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3200-8
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    Phenomenology and the Formal Sciences (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401125802
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 263 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 8
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Heidegger and the Formalization of Thought -- The Justification of Logic and Mathematics in Husserl’s Phenomenology -- On Husserl’s Distinction between State of Affairs (Sachverhalt) and Situation of Affairs (Sachlage) -- On Situations and States of Affairs -- Modalization and Modalities -- Remarks on Modalization and Modalities -- Husserl’s Formalism -- Mathematics as a Transcendental Science -- Mathematics and the Task of Phenomenology -- ”Tertium Non Datur:” Husserl’s Conception of a Definite Multiplicity -- Psychologism Revisited -- Some Reflections on Psychologism -- How Mathematical Foundation all but come about: A Report on Studies Toward a Phenomenological Critique of Gödel’s Views on Mathematical Intuition -- On Geometric Intentionality -- Sentences which are True in Virtue of their Color -- Willard and Husserl on Logical Form -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-2580-2
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    The Shapes of Knowledge from the Renaissance to the Enlightenment (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401132381
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VI, 237 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idées / International Archives of the History of Ideas 124
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 124
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy, modern ; History
    Kurzfassung: 1. Introduction -- I. Classification of Learning -- 2. History and the Encyclopedia -- 3. The Classification of the Visual Arts in the Renaissance -- 4. The Sixteenth-Century Transformation of the Aristotelian Division of the Speculative Sciences -- II. Movers and Shapers -- 5. Galen and Francis Bacon: Faculties of the Soul and the Classification of Knowledge -- 6. Forgotten Ways of Knowing: The Kabbalah, Language, and Science in the Seventeenth Century -- 7. Demonstration, Dialectic, and Rhetoric in Galileo’s Dialogue -- 8. Interpreting Nature: Gassendi versus Diderot on the Unity of Knowledge -- III. Institutions -- 9. The Curriculum of Italian Elementary and Grammar Schools, 1350-1500 -- 10. The Forms of Queen Christina’s Academies -- 11. The Early Society and the Shape of Knowledge -- 12. Periodical Publication and the Nature of Knowledge in Eighteenth-Century Europe -- 13. Epilogue -- Contributors.
    Kurzfassung: The original idea for a conference on the "shapes of knowledge" dates back over ten years to conversations with the late Charles Schmitt of the Warburg Institute. What happened to the classifications of the sciences between the time of the medieval Studium and that of the French Encyclopedie is a complex and highly abstract question; but posing it is an effective way of mapping and evaluating long term intellectual changes, especially those arising from the impact of humanist scholarship, the new science of the seventeenth century, and attempts to evaluate, to apply, to reconcile, and to institutionalize these rival and interacting traditions. Yet such patterns and transformations cannot be well understood from the heights of the general history of ideas. Within the ~eneral framework of the organization of knowledge the map must be filled in by particular explorations and soundings, and our project called for a conference that would combine some encyclopedic (as well as interdisciplinary and inter­ national) breadth with scholarly and technical depth.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3238-1
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    The Turning Points of the New Phenomenological Era : Husserl Research - Drawing upon the Full Extent of His Development Book 1 Phenomenology in the World Fifty Years after the Death of Edmund Husserl (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401134644
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXXIX, 557 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 34
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology
    Kurzfassung: Inaugural Studies the Turning Points of the New Phenomenological Era -- Life, the Critique of Reason, Embodied Subjectivity, the Human Being, the Societal World, Nature, the Creative Experience -- Phenomenology of Life and the New Critique of Reason: From Husserl’s Philosophy to the Phenomenology of Life and of the Human Condition -- The Construction of Subjectivity -- Husserl and the Anthropological Vocation of Phenomenology -- Was ist und was leistet eine phänomenologische Theorie der sozialen Welt? Anmerkungen zur Sozialtheorie von Hegel und Husserl -- Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka’s Phenomenology of Creative Experience and the Critique ofReason -- Nature and the “Primal Horizon” -- One Husserl Research: Foundational Questions of Husserl’s Thought Revisited -- La Science des phénomènes et la critique de la décision phénoménologique -- Variation -- The Phenomenology of Edmund Husserl and the Natural Sciences — Juxtaposition or Cooperation? -- Husserl und die Vorstruktur des Bewusstseins — Eine rekonstruktive Überlegung von dem strukturalen Gesichtspunkt -- The Organizing Principle of the Cognitive Process or the Mode of Existence: Husserl’s and Ingarden’s Concepts of Attitude -- The Archeology of Modalization in Husserl: From Analogies to Passive Synthesis -- In Continuity: A Reflection on the Passive Synthesis of Sameness -- Phenomenology as a Methodological Research Program -- Psychologism and Description in Husserl’s Phenomenology -- Two The Constitution of Meaning and Objectivity -- Some Puzzles on Essence -- Method and Ontology: Reflections on Edmund Husserl -- The Meaning of Thought’s Nearness to Meaning in Husserlian Phenomenology -- Foundedness and Motivation -- The Ontological Pre-conditions of Understanding and the Formation of Meaning -- Philosophy as a Sign-Producing Activity: The Metastable Gestalt of Intentionality -- Perceptual Consciousness, Materiality, and Idealism -- A Naturalistic and Evolutionary Account of Content -- Three Reason and Rationality -- Husserl vs. Dilthey — A Controversy over the Concept of Reason -- Husserl’s Critique of Reason -- Is There a Dichotomy in Husserl’s Thought? -- Phenomenology and Teleology: Husserl and Fichte -- La Phénoménologie refuse l’abstraction et la formalization -- The Foundationalist Conflict in Husserl’s Rationalism -- Four Intuition, Phenomenological Reduction, and Certainty -- Die Selbstintentionalität der Welt -- L’“Exigence d’une phénoménologie asubjective” et la noematique -- Notes on Husserl and Kant -- Husserl and the Heritage of Transcendental Philosophy -- On Contradiction -- The Meaning of ‘Radical Foundation’ in Husserl: The Outline of an Interpretation -- What Is a Phenomenon? The Concept of Phenomenon in Husserl’s Phenomenology -- The Debate between Husserl and Voigt Concerning the Logic of Content and Extensional Logic -- Index of Names.
    Kurzfassung: orbit and far beyond it. Indeed, the immense, painstaking, indefatigable and ever-improving effort of Husserl to find ever-deeper and more reliable foundations for the philosophical enterprise (as well as his constant critical re-thinking and perfecting of the approach and so­ called "method" in order to perform this task and thus cover in this source-excavation an ever more far-reaching groundwork) stands out and maintains itself as an inepuisable reservoir for philosophical reflec­ tion in which all the above-mentioned work has either its core or its source. In fact, in his undertaking to re-think the entire philosophical enterprise as such and to recreate philosophy upon what he sought to be at least a satisfactorily legitimated basis, Husserl, through his already systematised and "authorized" work, and his courses, and later on in his spontaneous reflection (which did not find its way into a definitive corpus but was nevertheless sufficiently coherent with his previously established body of thought to be considered a continuation of it), uncovers perspectives upon the universe of man and projects their new philosophical thematisation that brings together all the attempts by philosophers (e. g. , Merleau-Ponty, who drew upon this material and found there his own inspiration) who succeeded him with foundational intentions; it also gives a core of philosophical ideas and insights for the youngergenerationofphilosophers today.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3464-4
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    World Views and Scientific Discipline Formation : Science Studies in the German Democratic Republic Papers from a German-American Summer Institute, 1988 (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401131643
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVI, 471 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 134
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 134
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I: Introduction -- World Views and Scientific Discipline Formation: How East German Science Studies Contributed to the Fall of the Cultural Wall -- On the Origin and Nature of Scientific Disciplines -- II: Ideas and Institutions -- Relating Evolutionary Theory to the Natural Sciences -- Dialectical Understanding of the Unity of Scientific Knowledge -- History of Science in the GDR: Institutions and Programmatic Positions -- III: Mathematics in a Socio-Political Context -- Historiography of Mathematics: Aims, Methods, Tasks -- The Berlin’ society for Scientific Philosophy’ as Organizational Form of Philosophizing in the Medium of Natural Science -- Mathematics and Ideology in Fascist Germany -- IV: Psychology Constructs its Subject Matter -- Imageless Thought or Stimulus Error? The Social Construction of Private Experience -- The Berlin Psychological Tradition: Between Experiment and Quasi-Experimental Design, 1850–1990 -- Move over Darwin: The Ontogenetic Sources of William Preyer’s Developmental Psychology -- On the Interdisciplinary Genesis of Experimental Methods in Nineteenth-Century German Psychology -- V: Physics in the Context of Philosophy and Theory Of Science -- From Boltzmann to Planck: On Continuity in Scientific Revolutions -- Walther Nernst and Quantum Theory -- Historical Explanations in Modern Physics: The Lesson of Modern Quantum Mechanics -- Fritz London and the Community of Quantum Physicists -- VI: Theory as Method -- The Middle Ages: Darkness in the Sciences -- to the Basic Concepts of Communication-Oriented Science Studies -- Philosophical Problems of Modern Psychology -- VII: Discipline Formation of Philosophy -- Neo-Kantianism and Epistemology: On the Formation of a Philosophical Discipline in Nineteenth-Century Germany -- The Transformation of German Philosophy in the Context of Scientific Research in the Nineteenth Century -- Reform Efforts of Logic at Mid-Nineteenth Century in Germany -- VIII: Biological Evolution in the Mirror of Theories of Evolution -- August Weismann: One of the First Synthetic Theorists of Evolutionary Biology -- Darwin and the German Theologians -- Two Faces of Biologism: Some Reflections on a Difficult Period in the History of Biology in Germany -- What Keeps a Species Together -- IX: Teachers and Students: Chemistry Laboratories and Dissertations -- The Training in Germany of English-Speaking Chemists in the Nineteenth Century and its Profound Influence in America and Britain -- Science and Practice in German Agriculture: Justus von Liebig, Hermann von Liebig, and the Agricultural Experiment Stations -- Things Are Seldom What They Seem: The Story of Non-Phosphorylating Glycolysis -- X: Natural Science and Naturphilosophie -- Goethe’s Morphology of Stones: Between Natural History and Historical Geology -- The Philosophy of Living Things: Schilling’s Naturphilosophie as a Transition to the Philosophy of Identity 339 -- A New Correspondence of the Philosopher F. W. J. Schelling -- The Influence of Jakob Friedrich Fries on Matthias Schleiden -- XI: Science and Society -- The Geographical Vision and the Popular Order of Disciplines, 1848–1870 -- Knowledge Transfer in the Nineteenth Century: Young, Navier, Roebling, and the Brooklyn Bridge -- Soviet-German Scientific Relations before World War II: Fruitful Cooperation in Different Social Orders -- XII: The Social Construction of Scientific Knowledge -- Bourgeois Berlin Salons: Meeting Places for Culture and the Sciences -- Max Delbrück: A Physicist in Biology -- ‘Nobody Can Become a Real Engineer Who Has Not Already Become a Whole Person’ -- Summer Institute Program 1988 -- About the Authors -- Name Index.
    Kurzfassung: The various efforts to develop a Marxist philosophy of science in the one­ time 'socialist' countries were casualties of the Cold War. Even those who were in no way Marxists, and those who were undogmatic in their Marxisms, now confront a new world. All the more harsh is it for those who worked within the framework imposed upon professional philosophy by the official ideology. Here in this book, we are concerned with some 31 colleagues from the late German Democratic Republic, representative in their scholarship of the achievements of a curiously creative while dismayingly repressive period. The literature published in the GDR was blossoming, certainly in the final decade, but it developed within a totalitarian regime where personal careers either advanced or faltered through the private protection or denunciation of mentors. We will never know how many good minds did not enter the field of philosophy in the first place due to their prudent judgments that there was a virtual requirement that the candidate join the Socialist Unity (i.e. Communist) Party. Among those who started careers and were sidetracked, the record is now beginning to be revealed; and for the rest, the price of 'doing philosophy' was mostly silence in the face of harassments the likes of which make academic politics in the West seem child's play.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3164-3
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  • 89
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    Epistemology and Cognition (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401137164
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XV, 302 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Cognitive Systems 6
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Computer science ; Genetic epistemology ; Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Artificial intelligence ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: Prologue -- Connectionism and Three Levels of Nativism -- I / Concepts and Content -- Explanation and the Language of Thought -- Conceptual Dependency as the Language of Thought -- Functionalism and Inverted Spectra -- Concepts and Conceptual Change -- Beyond the Exclusively Propositional Era -- II / Semantics and Knowledge -- Can Semantics by Syntactic? -- Form and Content in Semantics -- Knowledge and the Regularity Theory of Information -- Melancholic Epistemology -- Human Understanding -- Epilogue -- Framing the Frame Problem -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Kurzfassung: This series will include monographs and collections of studies devoted to the investigation and exploration of knowledge, information, and data-processing systems of all kinds, no matter whether human, (other) animal, or machine. Its scope is intended to span the full range of interest from classical problems in the philosophy of mind and philosophical psychology through issues in cognitive psychology and sociobiology (concerning the mental powers of other species) to ideas related to artificial intelligence and computer science. While primary emphasis will be placed upon theoretical, conceptual, and epistemological aspects of these problems and domains, empirical, experimen­ tal, and methodological studies will also appear from time to time. The present volume reflects the kind of insights that can be obtained when research workers in philosophy, artificial intelligence, and computer science explore problems of common concern. The issues here tend to fall into two broad but varied sets, namely: those concerned with content and concepts, on the one hand, and those concerned with semantics and epistemology, on the other. The collection begins with a prologue that focuses upon the relations between connectionism and alternative conceptions of nativism and ends with an epilogue that examines the significance of alternative conceptions of the Frame Problem for artificial intelligence. Because these papers are rich and diverse, they ought to appeal to a wide and heterogeneous audience. J.H.F.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3716-4
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  • 90
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    Knowledge Representation and Metaphor (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401579414
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XX, 272 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Cognitive Systems 7
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Computer science ; Genetic epistemology ; Humanities ; Artificial intelligence ; Computational linguistics ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: 1. The Literal and the Metaphoric -- 2. Views of Metaphor -- 3. Knowledge Representation -- 4. Representation Schemes and Conceptual Graphs -- 5. The Dynamic Type Hierarchy Theory of Metaphor -- 6. Computational Approaches to Metaphor -- 7. The Nature and Structure of Semantic Hierarchies -- 8. Language Games, Open Texture and Family Resemblances -- 9. Programming the Dynamic Type Hierarchy -- Author Index.
    Kurzfassung: This series will include monographs and collections of studies devoted to the investigation and exploration of knowledge, information, and data­ processing systems of all kinds, no matter whether human, (other) animal, or machine. Its scope is intended to span the full range of interests from classical problems in the philosophy of mind and philosophical psychol­ ogy through issues in cognitive psychology and sociobiology (concerning the mental capabilities of other species) to ideas related to artificial intelligence and computer science. While primary emphasis will be placed upon theoretical, conceptual, and epistemological aspects of these problems and domains, empirical, experimental, and methodological studies will also appear from time to time. The problems posed by metaphor and analogy are among the most challenging that confront the field of knowledge representation. In this study, Eileen Way has drawn upon the combined resources of philosophy, psychology, and computer science in developing a systematic and illuminating theoretical framework for understanding metaphors and analogies. While her work provides solutions to difficult problems of knowledge representation, it goes much further by investigating some of the most important philosophical assumptions that prevail within artificial intelligence today. By exposing the limitations inherent in the assumption that languages are both literal and truth-functional, she has advanced our grasp of the nature of language itself. J.R.F.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-7941-4
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  • 91
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    Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work ECSCW ’91 (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401135061
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xii, 349 p) , ill
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Computer science ; Social sciences ; User interfaces (Computer systems). ; Human-computer interaction.
    Kurzfassung: Riding a Tiger, or Computer Supported Cooperative Work -- Personalisable Groupware: Accommodating Individual Roles and Group Differences -- Office Systems Development and Gender: Implications for Computer-Supported Co-operative Work -- CSCW and Distributed Systems: The Problem of Control -- Collaborative Activity and Technological Design: Task Coordination in London Underground Control Rooms -- The Group Facilitator: A CSCW Perspective -- Idea Management in a Shared Drawing Tool -- Panel: Formalization in CSCW -- Experiences with the DOMINO Office Procedure System -- Distributed Computing and Organisational Change Enable Concurrent Engineering -- An Analysis of Design and Collaboration in a Distributed Environment -- ClearFace: Translucent Multiuser Interface for TeamWorkStation -- PEPYS: Generating Autobiographies by Automatic Tracking -- Panel: Organizational Memory -- Boosting Connectivity in a Student Generated Collaborative Database -- A Model for Real-Time Co-operation -- Questioning Representations -- Speech Acts or Communicative Action? -- The Concept of Activity as a Basic Unit of Analysis for CSCW Research -- Being Selectively Aware with the Khronika System -- Participation Frameworks for Computer Mediated Communication -- Sound Support for Collaboration -- CSCW: Discipline or Paradigm? A Sociological Perspective -- Small Workshop Abstracts -- ECSCW’91 Directory: Authors & Committee Members.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Riding a Tiger, or Computer Supported Cooperative WorkPersonalisable Groupware: Accommodating Individual Roles and Group Differences -- Office Systems Development and Gender: Implications for Computer-Supported Co-operative Work -- CSCW and Distributed Systems: The Problem of Control -- Collaborative Activity and Technological Design: Task Coordination in London Underground Control Rooms -- The Group Facilitator: A CSCW Perspective -- Idea Management in a Shared Drawing Tool -- Panel: Formalization in CSCW -- Experiences with the DOMINO Office Procedure System -- Distributed Computing and Organisational Change Enable Concurrent Engineering -- An Analysis of Design and Collaboration in a Distributed Environment -- ClearFace: Translucent Multiuser Interface for TeamWorkStation -- PEPYS: Generating Autobiographies by Automatic Tracking -- Panel: Organizational Memory -- Boosting Connectivity in a Student Generated Collaborative Database -- A Model for Real-Time Co-operation -- Questioning Representations -- Speech Acts or Communicative Action? -- The Concept of Activity as a Basic Unit of Analysis for CSCW Research -- Being Selectively Aware with the Khronika System -- Participation Frameworks for Computer Mediated Communication -- Sound Support for Collaboration -- CSCW: Discipline or Paradigm? A Sociological Perspective -- Small Workshop Abstracts -- ECSCW’91 Directory: Authors & Committee Members.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3506-1
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  • 92
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    Connectionism and the Philosophy of Mind (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401135245
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XII, 473 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Cognitive Systems 9
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Artificial intelligence ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I. Overview -- Connectionism and the Philosophy of Mind: An Overview -- II. Connectionism vs. Classical Cognitive Science -- Connectionism, Computation, and Cognition -- Connectionism and the Notion of Levels -- Representation and Rule-Instantiation in Connectionist Systems -- What Connectionists Cannot Do: The Threat to Classical AI -- III. Connectionism and Conditioning -- Connectionism in Pavlovian Harness -- Connectionism and Conditioning -- IV. Does Cognition Require Syntactically Structured Representations? -- Systematicity, Structured Representations and Cognitive Architecture: A Reply to Fodor and Pylyshyn -- An Explanatory Budget for Connectionism and Eliminativism -- Settling into a New Paradigm -- Putting a Price on Cognition -- V. Can Connectionism Provide Syntactically Structured Representations? -- The Constituent Structure of Connectionist Mental States: A Reply to Fodor and Pylyshyn -- Representation in Pictorialism and Connectionism -- Connectionism and the Problem of Systematicity: Why Smolensky’s Solution Doesn’t Work -- Classical Questions, Radical Answers: Connectionism and the Structure of Mental Representations -- Connectionism versus Symbolism in High-Level Cognition -- VI. Connectionism and Philosophy -- Connectionism and the Specter of Representationalism -- Is Perception Cognitively Mediated -- Leaping to Conclusions: Connectionism, Consciousness, and the Computational Mind -- Name Index.
    Kurzfassung: This series will include monographs and collections of studies devoted to the investigation and exploration of knowledge, information and data­ processing systems of all kinds, no matter whether human, (other) animal, or machine. Its scope is intended to span the full range of interests from classical problems in the philosophy of mind and philosophical psychology through issues in cognitive psychology and sociobiology (concerning the mental capabilities of other species) to ideas related to artificial intelligence and to computer science. While primary emphasis will be placed upon theoretical, conceptual and epistemological aspects of these problems and domains, empirical, experimental and methodological studies will also appear from time to time. One of the most, if not the most, exciting developments within cognitive science has been the emergence of connectionism as an alternative to the computational conception of the mind that tends to dominate the discipline. In this volume, John Tienson and Terence Horgan have brought together a fine collection of stimulating studies on connectionism and its significance. As the Introduction explains, the most pressing questions concern whether or not connectionism can provide a new conception of the nature of mentality. By focusing on the similarities and differences between connectionism and other approaches to cognitive science, the chapters of this book supply valuable resources that advance our understanding of these difficult issues. J.H.F.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3524-5
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  • 93
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    Partitioned Representations : A Study in Mental Representation, Language Understanding and Linguistic Structure (1991)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401135740
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVII, 333 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Cognitive Systems 8
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    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Artificial intelligence ; Psycholinguistics
    Kurzfassung: One: Nuts and Bolts -- 1. Mental Representation -- 2. Partitioned Representations -- 3. Language: Process and Structure -- 4. Three Levels of Language Processing -- Two: Studies in Language -- 5. Pedro’s Donkey and Oedipus’s Mother -- 6. Satisfying Presuppositions in Discourse -- 7. Space Frogs and Henry Ford -- 8. Temporal Aspect -- 9. General Conclusions -- Appendices: Formal Models -- 10. A Logic of Partitioned Representations -- 11. Generalized Natural Deduction -- 12. A Computational Model -- References -- Author Index.
    Kurzfassung: Cognitive science is a field that began with the realization that researchers in varied disciplines-psychology, artificial intelligence, linguistics, philosophy, formal semantics, neuroscience, and others-had taken on a common set of problems in representation and meaning, in reasoning and language. Nevertheless, cognitive science as a whole enjoys no common methodology or theoretical framework, and is in danger of becoming even more fragmented with time. There are two reasons for this. First, cognitive science is built on existing methodologies that have different historical origins. AB a result, the psychologist's truth is different from the linguist's truth. The artificial intelligence researcher's truth is different from the philosopher's truth. The neuroscientist's truth is different from the formal semanticist's truth. All too often there is little or no recognition of the relevance of work in other disciplines to one's own concerns. Second, cognitive scientists tend to develop theories around isolated problems. For instance, there are theories about how humans categorize concepts, about how humans analyze linguistic expressions syntactically, about how the English tense system works semantically, about how humans reason about space or reason about time, about how goal-directed problem solving occurs, about how the brain computes, and so on.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3574-0
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  • 94
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    Philosophie et science au Moyen Age / Philosophy and Science in the Middle Ages (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789401736497
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 460 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: La philosophie contemporaine / Contemporary philosophy, Chroniques nouvelles / A new survey 6
    Serie: Contemporary Philosophy: A New Survey 6
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy, medieval ; Science—Philosophy. ; Religion.
    Kurzfassung: Contents/Table des matières/Inhalt -- Philosophy in the Byzantine Empire -- La philosophie grecque de 415 à 750 -- Die byzantinische Philosophie -- Islamic and Jewish Philosophy -- Die arabisch-islamische Philosophie des Mittelalters -- La Philosophie juive -- Medieval Jewish Philosophy -- Sufism in Modern Research -- The Latin Translations -- L’Aristote Latin -- Traductions latines des texts philosophiques arabes -- Language, Logic and Science -- Grammar -- Grammaire -- Logic -- Research in early Medieval Logic -- La lexicographie -- Political Theory -- Politische Theorien -- Medieval Philosophy in East Asia -- The Study of Medieval Philosophy in Japan -- Women’s Studies -- Women’s Studies of the Christian Tradition -- Études relatives aux femmes et à leur rôle dans les cultures musulmanes du Vile and XVe siècles -- Index of names and subjects.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3649-7
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  • 95
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    Husserl and Analytic Philosophy (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400918887
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (236p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Collection Fondée Par H.L. Van Breda et Publiée Sous le Patronage des Centres D’Archives-Husserl 116
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 116
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I. Psychologism and Logical Analysis -- 1. The Debate about Psychologism -- 2. Frege’s Critique of Psychologism -- 3. Propositions and Facts -- 4. Kantian and Platonic Fragments -- 5. Senses as Modes of Givenness -- II Semantics Without Epistemology -- 1. From Semantics to Pragmatism -- 2. Wittgenstein’s Metaphors -- 3. Private Sensations and Public Concepts -- 4. Tacit and Prepositional Knowing -- III. Quantifiers and Bound Variables -- 1. Functions and Concepts -- 2. Frege’s Critique of Traditional Logic -- 3. The Quantifier-Variable Notation -- 4. Leibniz’ Law -- 5. Concepts and their value-ranges: Two Paradoxes -- 6. Substitution vs. Intuition -- IV. On What There is -- 1. The Many Senses of the Science of Being -- 2. The Theory of Substance: From Aristotle to Leibniz -- 3. Frege’s Critique of the Theory of Substance -- 4. Concepts: Modes of Presentation or Extensions -- 5. Referential Opacity -- 6. The Impoverishment of Ontology -- V. Assertion and Predication -- 1. The Development of the Modern Theory of Judgment -- 2. Intentional Directedness and Propositional Attitudes -- 3. Brentano and Frege -- 4. Strawson’s Critique of Russell -- 5. Sortal Predicates and Contextual Identification -- VI. Psychologism and Cognitive Intuition -- 1. From Soul to Mind -- 2. Husserl’s Breakthrough: Early Writings -- 3. Husserl and the Language of Modern Philosophy -- 4. Signs and Signification -- 5. Judgments and Propositions -- 6. The Context of Reference -- 7. Truth as Identity-synthesis -- 8. Categorial Intuition -- 9. A Productive Paradox -- VII. Husserl’s Transcendental Turn -- 1. Kant’s Transcendentalism -- 2. The Idea of Phenomenology -- 3. Regions and Dimensions -- 4. Propositions and Facts: A Transcendental Approach -- VIII. Reason and History -- 1. Esprit de géométrie -- 2. Naturalism and the Logical Calculus -- 3. Naturalism and Historicism -- 4. Essences and Historical Perspectives.
    Kurzfassung: The principal differences between the contemporary philosophic traditions which have come to be known loosely as analytic philosophy and phenomenology are all related to the central issue of the interplay between predication and perception. Frege's critique of psychologism has led to the conviction within the analytic tradition that philosophy may best defend rationality from relativism by detaching logic and semantics from all dependence on subjective intuitions. On this interpretation, logical analysis must account for the relationship of sense to reference without having recourse to a description of how we identify particulars through their perceived features. Husserl' s emphasis on the priority and objective import of perception, and on the continuity between predicative articulations and perceptual discriminations, has yielded the conviction within the phenomenological tradition that logical analysis should always be comple­ mented by description of pre-predicative intuitions. These methodological differences are related to broader differences in the philosophic projects of analysis and phenomenology. The two traditions have adopted markedly divergent positions in reaction to the critique of ancient and medieval philosophy initiated by Bacon, Descartes, and Hobbes at the beginning of the modern era. The analytic approach generally endorses the modern preference for calculative rationality and remains suspicious of pre-modern categories, such as formal causality and eidetic intuition. Its goal is to give an account of human intelligence that is compatible with the modern interpretation of nature as an ensemble of quantifiable entities and relations.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-1888-7
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  • 96
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    Beyond the Inner and the Outer : Wittgenstein’s Philosophy of Psychology (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400920897
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (356p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 214
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Humanities ; Philosophy of mind ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: 1. On the Origin of the Philosophical Investigations -- 2. Language-Games as Context of Meaning -- 1. The psychological theory of meaning -- 2. Horizontal and vertical language-games -- 3. Agreement in Forms of Life -- 1. Internal relations -- 2. Justifications without end, end without justification.. -- 3. Forms of life and constitutive rules -- 4. My Mind: First Person Statements -- 1. Robinson Crusoe and private language -- 2. Four misleading analogies -- 3. Description of one’s inner -- 5. Other Minds: Third Person Statements -- 1. The asymmetry of observation and expression -- 2. The hidden inner -- 3. ‘Einstellung zur Seele’ -- 4. ‘Menschenkenntnis’ and indeterminacy -- 6. The Meaning of Aspects -- 1. ‘Meaning-theory’ versus ‘Gestalt-theory’ -- 2. Seeing-as and organization -- 3. Seeing-as and interpretation -- 4. Seeing and thinking -- 5. Secondary meaning and aspect -- 7. The Grammar of Psychological Concepts -- 1. Sensations and impressions -- 2. Emotions -- 3. Images and fancies -- 4. Inner states’ and expecting -- 5. Feelings of tendency -- 6. Willing -- 8. Conclusion: Wittgenstein and the Turing Test -- Appendix of German Quotations.
    Kurzfassung: Wittgenstein's aphoristic style holds great charm, but also a great danger: the reader is apt to glean too much from a single fragment and too little from the fragments as a whole. In my first confron­ tations with the Philosophical Investigations I was such a reader, and so, it turned out, were most of the writers on Wittgenstein's later philosophy. Wittgenstein's remarkable ability to bring together many facets of his thought in one fragment is fully exploited in the critical literature; but hardly any attention is paid to the connection with other fragments, let alone to the many hitherto unpublished manuscripts of which the Philosophical Investigations is the final product. The result of this fragmentary and ahistorical approach to Wittgenstein's later work is a host of contradictory interpretations. What Wittgenstein really wanted to say remains insufficiently clear. Opinions are also strongly divided about the value of his work. Some authors have been encouraged by his aphorisms and rhetorical questions to dismiss the whole Cartesian tradition or to halt new movements in linguistics or psychology; others, exasperated, reject his philo­ sophy as anti-scientific conceptual conservatism. After consulting unpublished notebooks and manuscripts which Wittgenstein wrote between 1929 and 1951, I became a very different reader. Wittgenstein turned out to be a kind of Leonardo da Vinci, who pursued a form from which every sign of chisel­ ling, every attempt at improvement, had been effaced.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-2089-7
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  • 97
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    How is Society Possible? : Intersubjectivity and the Fiduciary Attitude as Problems of the Social Group in Mead, Gurwitsch, and Schutz (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789400920774
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (208p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Collection Fondée par H.L. van Breda et Publiée Sous le Patronage des Centres D’Archives-Husserl 118
    Serie: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 118
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Sociology.
    Kurzfassung: One: Mead’s Theory of Intersubjectivity -- I. Intersubjectivity as a Problem of the Social Group -- II. Critical Remarks to Mead’s Theory of Intersubjectivity -- Two: Gurwitsch’s Theory of Intersubjectivity -- III. Intersubjectivity as a Problem of Context and the Milieu-World -- IV. Critical Remarks to Gurwitsch’s Theory of Intersubjectivity -- Three: Schutz’s Theory of Intersubjectivity -- V. The Fundamental Levels to the Problem of Intersubjectivity -- VI. Towards an Integrated Theory of Intersubjectivity: The Person and The Social Group -- VII. Critical Remarks to Schutz’s Theory of Intersubjectivity -- Four: Intersubjectivity and the Social Group -- VIII. A General Program for Any Future Analysis of the Problem of Intersubjectivity -- IX. Reflections on the Problem of Intersubjectivity and the Social Group -- Name Index.
    Kurzfassung: How is society possible? In Die Krisis der europiiischen Wissenschaflen und die transzendentale Phiinomenoiogie, I Edmund Husserl is found with a pathos send­ ing out pleas for belief ("Glauben") in his transcendental philosophy and tran­ scendental ego. The traditional idea of theoretical reflection instituted in ancient Greece as the suspension of all taken for granted worldly interests has, through a partial realization of itself, forsaken itself in the one-sided development of the objective mathematical-natural sciences as they themselves have become so taken for granted, with the method and validity of their results held as so self-evident, that they appear as resting self-sufficiently on their own grounds, while pursuing an increasingly abstract mathematization of nature. The sciences are left without a foundation and their meaning within the world consequently unintelligible, while their objective and valid abstract concepts continually tend to supercede the everyday life-world and render it questionable. In the end, these of belief in the everyday life-world or reflective evolving and exchanging attitudes doubt (science) ultimately leads to a disbelief in both, and a search in one direction for idol leaders and in the other for the cult of experience. This collapse of Western belief systems becomes particularly threatening as it turns into nihilism which is the development of beliefs in societal forms which employ 2 natural and social science for the liquidation of humanity and nature. Society starts becoming impossible.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-2077-4
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  • 98
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    Husserlian Intentionality and Non-Foundational Realism : Noema and Object (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400919747
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (316p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Contributions to Phenomenology, In Cooperation with the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 4
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology
    Kurzfassung: Notes -- I: Intentionality and the Reduction -- 1. Intentionality: A Philosophical Context -- 2. Intentionality: Husserl’s Early Theory -- 3. The Reduction -- II: Noema and Object -- 4. Contra Gurwitsch -- 5. Contra the Fregean Approach -- 6. Identities and Manifolds -- 7. Noemata, Senses, and Meanings -- 8. Possibilities and the Actual World -- III: Non-Foundational Realism -- 9. Husserl and Foundationalism -- 10. Husserl and Realism.
    Kurzfassung: The rift which has long divided the philosophical world into opposed schools-the "Continental" school owing its origins to the phenomenology of Husserl and the "analytic" school derived from Frege-is finally closing. But this closure is occurring in ways both different and in certain respects at odds with one another. On the one hand scholars are seeking to rediscover the concerns and positions common to both schools, positions from which we can continue fruitfully to address important philosophical issues. On the other hand successors to both traditions have developed criticisms of basic assumptions shared by the two schools. They have suggested that we must move not merely beyond the conflict between these two "modem" schools but beyond the kind of philosophy represented in the unity of the two schools and thereby move towards a new "postmodern" philosophical style. On the one hand, then and for example, Husserl scholarship has in recent years witnessed the development of an interpretation of Husserl which more closely aligns his phenomenology with the philosophical concerns of the "analytic" tradition. In certain respects, this should come as no surprise and is long overdue. It is true, after all, that the early Husserl occupied himself with many of the same philosophical issues as did Frege and the earliest thinkers of the analytic tradition. Examples include the concept of number, the nature of mathematical analysis, meaning and reference, truth, formalization, and the relationship between logic and mathematics.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-1974-7
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  • 99
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    Ingardeniana II : New Studies in the Philosophy of Roman Ingarden With a New International Ingarden Bibliography (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400919648
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (324p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 30
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Comparative Literature
    Kurzfassung: I Tymieniecka and the Philosophy of Roman Ingarden -- Roman Ingarden’s Philosophical Legacy and My Departure from It: The Creative Freedom of the Possible Worlds -- A New Phenomenology: Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka’s Departure from Husserl and Ingarden -- Husserl, Ingarden, and Tymieniecka -- II Ingarden and Literary Theory -- Reduction phénoménologique et intuition: A propos du rapport Husserl-Ingarden -- The Aesthetic Theory of Ingarden and Its Philosophical Implications -- The New Criticism and Ingardens Phenomenological Theory of Literature -- Roman Ingardens Contribution to the Reading and Analysis of the Literary Text -- III The Applicability of Ingarden’s Theory -- Kritische Bemerkungen zu Ingardens Deutung des Bildes -- The Debate Over Stratification Within Aesthetic Objects -- Ingarden’s “Strata-Layers” Theory and the Structural Analysis of the Ancient Chinese Kunqu Opera -- Ingarden’s “Points of Indeterminateness”: A Consideration of Their Practical Application to Literary Criticism -- Roman Ingarden and the Venus of Milo -- IV Ingarden and the Nature of the Literary Work of Art -- The Verifiability Principle: Variations on Ingarden’s Criticism -- The Aesthetic Object and the Work of Art: Reflections on Ingarden’s Theory of Aesthetic Judgment -- Roman Ingarden’s Idea of Relatively Isolated Systems -- V Bibliography -- Roman Ingarden: An International Bibliography (1915–1989) -- Index of Names.
    Kurzfassung: This Ingardenia volume is the second in the Analecta Husserliana series that is entirely devoted to the phenomenology of Roman Ingarden. The first was volume IV (1976). Twenty years after Ingarden's death, this volume demonstrates that the Polish phenomenologist's contribution to philosophy and literary scholarship has received world-wide attention. His ideas have proven especially fruitful for the definition of the structure of the literary work of art and the subsequent recognition of its characteristic features. Of all the early phenomenologists who were students of Husserl, it is Ingarden whose work has faithfully pursued the original tenet that language "holds" the essence of the life-world "in readiness" (bereit halten). To investigate this premise with the rigor of a science, as Husserl had envisioned for phenomenology, was Ingarden's life work. That Ingarden did not quite reach his ambitious goal does not diminish his unquestionable achievement. The understanding of the nature of the literary work of art has increased enormously because of his analyses and aesthetics. The Polish phenomenologist investigated above all the work of art as a structure of necessary components which define and determine its nature. That the artistic ingredient was shortchanged under those conditions should not be surprising, particu­ larly since Ingarden usually kept a purist's philosophical distance from the concrete detail of the material under consideration. He was not concerned with individual works of art but with the principle that was shared by all of them as the defining feature of their being.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-1964-8
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  • 100
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    Man’s Self-Interpretation-in-Existence : Phenomenology and Philosophy of Life Introducing the Spanish Perspective (1990)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9789400918641
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (520p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 29
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
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    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of mind. ; Self.
    Kurzfassung: Inaugural Lecture -- Phenomenology of Life and the New Critique of Reason: From Husserl’s Philosophy to the Phenomenology of Life and of the Human Condition -- I Human Life, Existents, Beingness -- The Paradox of Human Life in the Thought of Miguel De Unamuno -- The Current of Living in the Existential-I-Subject According to the Philosophy of J. G. Fichte -- La cause de l’homme: Juste un individu -- Individuality and Universality -- On What Exists -- Ideal Objects and Skepticism: A Polemical Point in Logical Investigations -- II Philosophy of Life in Spanish Philosophical Thought -- Phenomenological “Life”: A New Look at the Philosophical Enterprise in Ortega y Gasset -- Ortega — Phenomenologist -- Ortega’s Philosophy and Modern Psychology -- Ortega y Gasset: On Being Liberal in Spain -- Society as Aristocratic: Towards a Clarification of the Meaning of “Society” in Ortega’s The Revolt of the Masses -- III Life and Experience -- The Poetic Instinct of Life -- Creation and the Meaning of Life in the Thinking of Antonio Machado -- Notes on a Phenomenology of the Divine in Maria Zambrano -- IV Creativity, Self-Interpretation-in-Existence and Historical Praxis -- The Auto-Creation of Human Life in the Philosophy of Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka -- Art as Self-Interpretation-in-Existence in Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka -- Self-Interpretation-in-Existence and its Legitimation -- Man’s Interpretation of Himself and Historical Praxis -- V Human Communication and Openness in the Life-World -- From the Phenomenological Notion of the World to its Existential Condition -- The Problem of Communication in Merleau-Ponty -- The Human Openness in Xavier Zubiri -- The “Life-World” and the Crisis of Psychology -- VI From Experience to Interpretation -- The Analytics of the “Dynamics of Horizons” in Husserl’s Analysen zur passiven Synthesis -- The Mirror of Interpretations and Husserlian Discourse -- Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s Logic of Ambiguity -- Existence and the Mirror: Reflections on Self-Perception in the Work of Merleau-Ponty -- VII Dialogical Experience and Intersubjectivity in Phenomenological Praxeology: Psychology, Psychiatry, and Medicine -- The Dialogical Experience: Transcendental Intersubjectivity and Communicative Praxis -- Ontologia de la existencia y conciencia moral en E. Tugendhat -- Subjectivity and Transcendence: Husserl’s Criticism of Naturalistic Thought -- Aspects of Heidegger’s Concept of Thought, Alienation and Enrooting -- Phenomenological Analysis of Autobiographical Texts: A Design Based on Personal Construct Psychology -- Medical Objectivism and Abstract Pathology: Two Critical Texts -- Concluding Part Humanism and the Opening of Reason Toward Life -- Husserl and Sartre: From Phenomenology to Integral Humanism -- Intentionality: Reality, Logos, and Open-endedness -- Phénoménologie explicative et herméneutique dans la philosophie de Maurice Merleau-Ponty -- Index of Names.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-1864-1
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