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  • 2000-2004  (102)
  • OECD  (102)
  • Dalby, Andrew
  • Nuclear Energy  (102)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Démantèlement des centrales nucléaires : Politiques, stratégies et coûts (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264104341
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (112 p.)
    Series Statement: Développement de l'énergie nucléaire
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Decommissioning Nuclear Power Plants; Policies, Strategies and Costs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Decommissioning Nuclear Power Plants: Policies, Strategies and Costs
    Keywords: Environment ; Nuclear Energy ; Kernkraftwerk ; Bemessung ; Stilllegung
    Abstract: Le démantèlement des centrales nucléaires est un sujet qui suscite un intérêt grandissant de la part des pouvoirs publics et de l’industrie à mesure que les unités en exploitation arrivent en fin de vie. Ce rapport, qui s’appuie sur des données fournies par 26 pays et analysées par des experts d’agences gouvernementales et de l’industrie, porte sur des réacteurs de types et de tailles très variés. Les enseignements tirés de l’étude sur les éléments de coût du démantèlement et les facteurs qui expliquent la variabilité de ces coûts intéresseront les analystes et les décideurs dans le domaine de l’énergie nucléaire.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264104341-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Strategy Selection for the Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities : Seminar Proceedings, Tarragona, Spain, 1-4 September 2003 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264016729
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Spain
    Abstract: As modern nuclear power programmes mature and large, commercial nuclear power plants and fuel cycle facilities approach the end of their useful life by reason of age, economics or change of policy on the use of nuclear power, new challenges associated with decommissioning and dismantling come to the fore. Politicians and the public may expect there to be a “right answer” to the choice of strategy for a particular type of facility, or even all facilities. Both this seminar and wider experience show that this is not the case. Local factors and national political positions have a significant input and often result in widely differing strategy approaches to broadly similar decommissioning projects. All facility owners represented at the seminar were able to demonstrate a rational process for strategy selection and compelling arguments for the choices made. In addition to the papers that were presented, these proceedings include a summary of the discussions that took place.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264016729-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Regulatory Control of Radioactive Waste Management : Overview of 15 NEA Member Countries (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264106529
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le contrôle réglementaire de la gestion des déchets radioactifs ; panorama de 15 pays membres de l'AEN
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Regulators are major stakeholders in the decision-making process for radioactive waste management. The NEA Radioactive Waste Management Committee (RWMC) has recognised the value of exchanging and comparing information about national regulatory practices and having an informal, international network for discussing issues of common concern. The RWMC Regulators’ Forum provides considerable opportunity for such activities. This report presents the initial results of the Forum’s work. Information is given for 15 NEA member countries in a format that allows easy accessibility to specific aspects and comparison between different countries. It includes an array of facts about national policies for radioactive waste management, institutional frameworks, legislative and regulatory frameworks, available guidance, classification and sources of waste and the status of waste management. It also provides an overview of current issues being addressed and related R&D programmes.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264106529-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Nuclear legislation in Central and Eastern Europe and the NIS : 2003 0verview (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264015449
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (216 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Legislation nucléaire en Europe centrale et orientale et dans les NEI ; Panorama 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Legislation nucléaire en Europe centrale et orientale et dans les NEI : Panorama 2003
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This publication examines the legislation and regulations governing the peaceful uses of nuclear energy in eastern European countries. It covers 11 countries from Central and Eastern Europe and 12 countries from the New Independent States: Albania Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Czech Republic Estonia Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Georgia HungaryKazakhstanLatviaLithuaniaPolandRepublic of MoldovaRomaniaRussian FederationSlovak RepublicSloveniaUkraineUzbekistan The chapters follow a systematic format making it easier for the reader to carry out research and compare information.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264015449-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Computing Radiation Dosimetry - CRD 2002 : Workshop Proceedings - Sacavém, Portugal - 22-23 June 2002 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264108240
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256 p)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Computing radiation dosimetry - CRD 2002
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Portugal
    Abstract: Establishing reliable computational methods and tools for radiation dosimetry is of great importance today because of the increased use of radiation in a number of areas of science, technology and medical applications. Fields concerned include radiation protection, radiation shielding, radiation diagnostics and therapy, radiobiology, biophysics and radiation detection. This series of lectures delivered by experts provides the content of these workshop proceedings. They are a valuable reference for those wishing to better understand the most advanced computational methods in radiation dosimetry.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264108240-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Le contrôle réglementaire de la gestion des déchets radioactifs : panorama de 15 pays membres de l'AEN (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264023734
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (222 p.)
    Series Statement: Gestion des déchets radioactifs
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Regulatory Control of Radioactive Waste Management; Overview of 15 NEA Member Countries
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Regulatory Control of Radioactive Waste Management: Overview of 15 NEA Member Countries
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Radioaktiver Abfall ; Entsorgung ; Gesetzgebung ; Recht ; Lizenzvergabe
    Abstract: Ce rapport décrit les premiers résultats des travaux du Forum des régulateurs du Comité de l’AEN de la gestion des déchets radioactifs (RWMC). Il offre une synthèse de la situation dans 15 pays membres de l’AEN. Il présente des informations sur les politiques nationales en matière de gestion des déchets radioactifs, les contextes institutionnels, les cadres législatifs et réglementaires, les orientations existantes, et les catégories et sources de déchets. Il fait également le point sur la gestion des déchets, les questions en suspens, ainsi que les programmes de R-D connexes.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264023734-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Legislation nucléaire en Europe centrale et orientale et dans les NEI : Panorama 2003 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264015456
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (228 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear legislation in Central and Eastern Europe and the NIS; 2003 0verview
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear legislation in Central and Eastern Europe and the NIS: 2003 0verview
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Cette publication analyse la législation et la réglementation régissant les utilisations pacifiques de l'énergie nucléaire en Europe de l'Est. Elle couvre 11 pays d'Europe centrale et orientale et 12 pays des Nouveaux États indépendants.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264015456-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Nuclear Production of Hydrogen : Second Information Exchange Meeting -- Argonne, Illinois, USA 2-3 October 2003 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264107717
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (316 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Information Exchange Meeting on the Nuclear Production of Hydrogen (2 : 2003 : Argonne, Ill.) Nuclear production of hydrogen
    Keywords: Wasserstofftechnologie ; Kernenergie ; Erneuerbare Energie ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; Nuclear Energy ; Konferenzschrift ; Wasserstofferzeugung ; Kernreaktion
    Abstract: Hydrogen has the potential to play an important role as a sustainable and environmentally acceptable source of energy in the 21st century. Present methods for producing hydrogen are mainly based on the reforming of fossil fuels with subsequent release of greenhouse gases. To avoid producing greenhouse gases, the possibility to use heat and surplus electricity from nuclear power plants to produce hydrogen by water cracking is being investigated. This report presents the state of the art in the nuclear production of hydrogen and describes the scientific and technical challenges associated with it.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264107717-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basic Studies in the Field of High-temperature Engineering : Third Information Exchange Meeting: Ibaraki-ken, Japan - 11/12 September 2003 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264016026
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (282 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Basic studies in the field of high-temperature engineering
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Japan
    Abstract: In response to growing interest in high-temperature, gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) in many countries and the need for improved materials for nuclear applications in high-temperature environments, the NEA organised the Third Information Exchange Meeting on Basic Studies in the Field of High-temperature Engineering. The proceedings of this meeting provide an overview of high-temperature research currently under way, including studies on the behaviour of irradiated graphite and improvements in material properties under high-temperature irradiation. These proceedings also contain recommendations for further international work in the areas of high-temperature engineering.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264016026-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Shielding Aspects of Accelerators, Targets and Irradiation Facilities - SATIF 6 : Workshop Proceedings, Standford, CA, USA 10-12 April 2002 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264017344
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (450 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Particle accelerators are used today for an increasing range of scientific and technological applications. They are very powerful tools for investigating the origin and structure of matter, and for improving understanding of the interaction of radiation with materials, including the transmutation of nuclides and the beneficial or harmful effects of radiation. Particle accelerators are used to identify properties of molecules that can be used in pharmacy, for medical diagnosis and therapy, and for biophysics studies. Particle accelerators must be operated in safe ways that protect the operators, the population and the environment. New technological and research applications give rise to new issues in radiation shielding. These workshop proceedings review the state of the art in radiation shielding of accelerator facilities and irradiated targets. They also evaluate advancements and discuss the additional developments required to meet radiation protection needs.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264017344-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gouvernement et énergie nucléaire (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264015418
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (112 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Government and Nuclear Energy
    Keywords: Governance ; Nuclear Energy ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Kernenergiepolitik
    Abstract: L'objectif essentiel des politiques énergétiques des pays de l'OCDE est d'assurer la sécurité d'approvisionnement au meilleur coût tout en respectant l'environnement. Les moyens mis en œuvre pour atteindre sécurité d'approvisionnement et compétitivité dans le secteur électrique diffèrent d'un pays à l'autre. Certains gouvernements s'en remettent aux forces du marché alors que d'autres gardent la propriété de certains équipements et ont recours à des réglementations économiques strictes. Les objectifs environnementaux sont généralement poursuivis grâce à la réglementation et parfois, par exemple dans le cas des émissions de dioxyde de carbone des centrales électriques, en utilisant les mécanismes du marché. Cette publication examine les rôles et les responsabilités des gouvernements en matière d'énergie nucléaire dans le cadre des objectifs globaux des politiques énergétiques nationales et étudie les instruments disponibles pour atteindre ces objectifs. Elle devrait intéresser, outre les décideurs du secteur public, les responsables industriels à haut niveau, les analystes de politiques énergétiques et les journalistes.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264015418-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stakeholder Participation in Radiological Decision Making: Processes and Implications : Third Villigen Workshop - Villigen, Switzerland - 21-23 October 2003 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264108264
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (66 p.)
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Since 1998, the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency has been organising a series of workshops to address the various aspects of stakeholder involvement in radiological protection decision making. These workshops have been instrumental in forging consensus and improving understanding of key issues in this area. Building on the experience of the first two "Villigen workshops", the third in the series extensively analysed three case studies, which covered the licensing of a new facility, the clean-up and release of an old facility, and the rehabilitation of a large, contaminated area. Consideration was given to the stakeholder involvement processes that had been used, and the implications that that these did or could have on radiological protection policy, regulation and application. The workshop papers analysing these processes and implications are presented in these proceedings, which should provide valuable examples and lessons for governments, regulators and practitioners.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264108264-en
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Geological Disposal: Building Confidence Using Multiple Lines of Evidence : First AMIGO Workshop Proceedings - Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland, 3-5 June 2003 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264015937
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (179 p.)
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Switzerland
    Abstract: When preparing the safety case for a deep geological repository of radioactive waste, the integration of wide-ranging information from multidisciplinary sources is a complex task. This has provided the motivation for establishing AMIGO, an OECD/NEA international project on “Approaches and Methods for Integrating Geological Information in the Safety Case”. AMIGO is structured as a series of biannual topical workshops involving site characterisation and safety assessment practitioners with experience in both sedimentary and crystalline rock settings. The first AMIGO workshop was organised in Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland on 3-5 June 2003. The main objective of the workshop was to exchange views on building confidence in analyses and arguments that support the safety case using multiple lines of evidence and integrating the work of geoscientists and safety assessors. These proceedings present the outcomes of this workshop.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264015937-en
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Développement des compétences dans le domaine de l'énergie nucléaire (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264108530
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Series Statement: Développement de l'énergie nucléaire
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Competence Building
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Kernenergiewirtschaft ; Qualifikationsanforderung ; Forschung und Entwicklung ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: Dans de nombreux pays, le financement public de la R & D dans le domaine de l’énergie nucléaire a décru considérablement ou a même complètement disparu. Dans le même temps, les bénéfices des compagnies d’électricité se sont sévèrement réduits. Cette évolution a conduit à moins d’innovation technique et risque d’entraîner une perte de compétences et de savoir-faire dans le domaine électronucléaire. Cependant, tous les pays ne se trouvant pas au même stade du cycle de vie de la technologie nucléaire, ils ne sont pas affectés de la même façon ni dans les mêmes proportions. Une compétence qui aura décliné ou disparu dans un pays pourra occuper une position solide dans un autre. L’une des solutions aux problèmes auxquels le secteur est confronté est donc la collaboration internationale. Cette publication présente les résultats d’une enquête internationale sur les initiatives lancées ces dernières années en matière d’éducation et de formation dans le domaine de l’énergie nucléaire. Elle aborde les questions clés qui se posent en matière de ressources humaines et identifie de nombreuses bonnes pratiques en terme de coopération internationale. Le rapport comporte un exposé de synthèse dont les conclusions et les recommandations sont destinées aux décideurs et aux autres parties prenantes. Il contient également une analyse approfondie des informations factuelles recueillies dans le cadre de l’étude.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264108530-fr
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Debris Impact on Emergency Coolant Recirculation : Workshop Proceedings, Albuquerque NM, USA, 25-27 February 2004 (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264006676
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (424 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Safety
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This conference proceedings examines the most recent research and developments related to the impact of debris on emergency coolant recirculation. Held in Albuquerque, New Mexico in February 2004, this proceedings had sessions on safety assessment and regulatory requirements, experimental work, analytical work, and industry solutions. The proceedings present the papers presented as well as a summary of discussions that took place.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264006676-en
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Government and Nuclear Energy (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264015401
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gouvernement et énergie nucléaire
    DDC: 363
    Keywords: Governance ; Nuclear Energy ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The main objective of national energy policies in OECD countries is to ensure the availability of secure and economic supplies with minimal environmental impact. This publication addresses the roles and responsibilities of governments in the field of nuclear energy, within the context of broad national policy goals, and reviews the tools available to achieve those goals.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264015401-en
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  • 17
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    Online Resource
    Vers un nouveau système de protection radiologique : Rapport d'un Groupe d'experts (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264284890
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (56 p.)
    Series Statement: Protection radiologique
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Way Forward in Radiological Protection; An Expert Group Report
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Way Forward in Radiological Protection: An Expert Group Report
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Pratiquement toutes les réglementations et tous les standards de protection radiologique nationaux et internationaux sont fondés sur les recommandations publiées par la Commission internationale de protection radiologique (CIPR). De nouvelles recommandations, qui remplaceraient celles éditées en 1990, sont actuellement développées avec une date de parution prévue en 2005, et il est de l’intérêt de tous les pays membres de l’AEN de faire en sorte que ces recommandations prennent en compte les besoins des autorités réglementaires nationales et des praticiens. Depuis le début des travaux de révision, lancés en 1999 par la CIPR, le Comité de protection radiologique et de santé publique (CRPPH) de l’AEN organise des débats destinés à mettre en lumière les améliorations et changements qui pourraient être apportés aux anciennes recommandations afin que les nouvelles soient plus fonctionnelles. Ce rapport, qui s’appuie sur une étude préliminaire de deux ans, propose des améliorations spécifiques qui faciliteraient la compréhension et l’application du système et qui devraient être considérées lors de la rédaction des nouvelles recommandations de la CIPR.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264284890-fr
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  • 18
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    Coopération autorités de sûreté-industrie pour la recherche en sûreté nucléaire : Défis et potentialités (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264103528
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (45 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Regulatory and Industry Co-operation on Nuclear Safety Research; Challenges and Opportunities
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Regulatory and Industry Co-operation on Nuclear Safety Research: Challenges and Opportunities
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: La coopération entre les autorités de sûreté et l’industrie dans le domaine de la recherche sur la sûreté nucléaire peut avoir des avantages comme des inconvénients. Ce rapport fournit aux responsables de recherche de l’industrie, des organismes de sûreté et des centres de recherche des informations sur les pratiques actuelles dans les pays membres de l’OCDE en matière de partenariat de recherche sur la sûreté. Il décrit des moyens permettant d’instaurer une collaboration efficace entre les autorités de sûreté et l’industrie et donne des indications sur la manière de surmonter les difficultés que pourrait soulever ce type de collaboration. Il formule aussi des avis sur les éventuels sujets de préoccupation. Le rapport se penche notamment sur le problème de l’indépendance des autorités de sûreté, ainsi que sur les moyens de la préserver et de la démontrer au public en cas de collaboration avec l’industrie.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264103528-fr
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  • 19
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    Déclassement et démantèlement des installations nucléaires : Etat des lieux, démarches, défis (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264284883
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (60 p.)
    Series Statement: Gestion des déchets radioactifs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Decommissioning and Dismantling of Nuclear Facilities; Status, Approaches, Challenges
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Decommissioning and Dismantling of Nuclear Facilities: Status, Approaches, Challenges
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage, à l'intention d'un large public, présente une synthèse de la situation du déclassement et du démantèlement des installations nucléaires ainsi que des questions connexes dans les pays Membres de l'AEN. Il s'appuie sur un ensemble de fiches d'information fournies par les pays Membres et disponibles en ligne sur le site web de l'AEN.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264284883-fr
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  • 20
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    Indemnification of Damage in the Event of a Nuclear Accident : Workshop Proceedings: Paris, France, 26-28 November 2001 = Indemnisation des dommages en cas d'accident nucléaire : Compte rendu d'un atelier: Paris, France, 26-28 novembre 2001 (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264299191
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (420 p.)
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Indemnification of damage in the event of a nuclear accident
    DDC: 341.755
    Keywords: Störfall ; Strahlenbelastung ; Umweltbelastung ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; Nuclear Energy ; France ; Konferenzschrift ; Kerntechnischer Unfall ; Entschädigung
    Abstract: These proceedings contain a comparative analysis of legislative and regulatory provisions governing emergency response and nuclear third party liability, based upon country replies to a questionnaire. This publication also includes the full responses provided to that questionnaire, as well as the texts of presentations made by special guests from Germany and Japan describing the manner in which the public authorities in their respective countries responded to two nuclear accidents of a very different nature and scale.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264299191-en-fr
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  • 21
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    Physics of Plutonium Recycling : Volume VII: BWR MOX Benchmark - Specification and Results (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264299054
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The OECD/NEA Working Party on the Physics of Plutonium Fuels and Innovative Fuel Cycles (WPPR) conducted a physics code benchmark test for the recycling of plutonium as PuO2/UO2 mixed-oxide (MOX) fuel in boiling water reactors (BWRs) compared to pressurised water reactors (PWRs). This volume reports on the benchmark results and conclusions that can be drawn from it.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264299054-en
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  • 22
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    A New Approach to Authorisation in the Fields of Radiological Protection : The Road Test Report (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264103535
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (76 p.)
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Approaches to radiological protection have been evolving, particularly over the past several years. This has been driven by the emergence of modern concepts of and approaches to risk governance, and by calls from within the radiological protection community for the simplification and clarification of the existing system of protection, as based on the Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). The NEA Committee on Radiation Protection and Public Health (CRPPH) has been very active in developing its own suggestions as to how the system of radiological protection should evolve to better meet the needs of policy makers, regulators and practitioners. One of those suggestions is that a generic concept of “regulatory authorisation” of certain levels and types of exposure to radiation should replace the current and somewhat complicated concepts of exclusion, exemption and clearance. It has also been suggested that by characterising emerging sources and exposures in a screening process leading into the authorisation process, regulatory authorities could develop a better feeling for the type and scale of stakeholder involvement that would be necessary to reach a widely accepted approach to radiological protection. In order to verify that these suggestions would make the system of radiological protection more understandable, easy to apply, and acceptable, independent consultants have “road tested” the CRPPH concepts of authorisation and characterisation. Their findings, which show that applying these concepts would represent significant improvement, are reproduced herein. Specific approaches for the application of the new CRPPH ideas are also illustrated in this report.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264103535-en
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  • 23
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    The Regulatory Challenges of Decommissioning Nuclear Reactors (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264103474
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Regulation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les autorités de sûreté face au démantèlement des réacteurs nucléaires
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Each nuclear power plant, fuel cycle facility and nuclear research and test facility that is operating today will eventually reach the end of its useful life and cease operation. During the period of its decommissioning, it is important to properly manage the health and environmental hazards and physical protection measures of the shutdown facility in order to protect the health and safety of the public and workers and to safeguard any nuclear materials. In this regard, the nuclear safety regulatory body is responsible for independently assuring that decommissioning activities are conducted safely, that radioactive materials and spent nuclear fuel are disposed of properly and that the site is in an acceptable end state. The purpose of this report is to describe the broad range of safety, environmental, organisational, human factors and public policy issues that may arise during the decommissioning of nuclear reactors and that the regulatory body should be prepared to deal with in the framework of its national regulatory system. The intended audience is primarily nuclear regulators, although the information and ideas may also be of interest to government authorities, environmental regulators, nuclear operating organisations, technical expert organisations and the general public.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264103474-en
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  • 24
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    Utilisation and Reliability of High Power Proton Accelerators : Workshop Proceedings, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, 12-16 May 2002 (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264102125
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (436 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    DDC: 539.7/3723
    Keywords: Proton accelerators Congresses ; Proton accelerators Reliability ; Congresses ; Nuclear Energy ; Mexico ; Teilchenbeschleuniger ; Santa Fe, NM
    Abstract: R&D activities and construction plans related to high power proton accelerators are being considered in various countries to promote basic and applied sciences. Both accelerator scientists and reactor physicists gathered at an NEA workshop to discuss the reliability of the accelerator; spallation target design characteristics; safety and operational characteristics of a sub-critical system driven by a spallation source; and test facilities. These proceedings contain all the technical papers presented at the workshop, as well as summaries of the discussions held during each technical session.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264102125-en
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  • 25
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    The Future Policy for Radiological Protection : Workshop Proceedings, Lanzarote, Spain, 2-4 April 2003 (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264105713
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Spain
    Abstract: The international system of radiological protection is currently being revised with the aim of making it more coherent and concise. These proceedings present a significant block of stakeholder input, comprising the views of policy makers, regulators, radiological protection professionals, industry and representatives of both non-governmental and intergovernmental organisations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264105713-en
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  • 26
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    Decommissioning Nuclear Power Plants : Policies, Strategies and Costs (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264104334
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Démantèlement des centrales nucléaires ; Politiques, stratégies et coûts
    Keywords: Environment ; Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The decommissioning of nuclear power plants is a topic of increasing interest to governments and the industry as many nuclear units approach retirement. This report, based upon data provided by 26 countries and analysed by government and industry experts, covers a variety of reactor types and sizes. The findings on decommissioning cost elements and driving factors in their variance will be of interest to analysts and policy makers in the nuclear energy field.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264104334-en
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  • 27
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    Chernobyl: Assessment of Radiological and Health Impacts : 2002 Update of Chernobyl: Ten Years On (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264184879
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Tchernobyl ; Evaluation des incidences radiologiques et sanitaires ; Mise à jour 2002 de Tchernobyl ; Dix ans déjà
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Tchernobyl : Evaluation des incidences radiologiques et sanitaires : Mise à jour 2002 de Tchernobyl : Dix ans déjà
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The international radiological protection community performed a major status review of the situation around the damaged Chernobyl reactor on the 10-year anniversary of the accident. Since then, studies of the accident site and the contaminated territories continue to be undertaken, which have yielded new scientific results and highlighted important social and health aspects. This report is a complete update of the NEA’s earlier publication, Chernobyl: Ten Years On. In particular, it offers the reader the most recent information on the significant new experience gained in the areas of emergency management, long-term environmental behaviour of radioactive materials and health effects.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264184879-en
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  • 28
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    Société et énergie nucléaire : vers une meilleure compréhension (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264284944
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.)
    Series Statement: Développement de l'énergie nucléaire
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Society and Nuclear Energy; Towards a Better Understanding
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Society and Nuclear Energy: Towards a Better Understanding
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Au moment où des signes d’une renaissance de l’énergie nucléaire sont perceptibles à l’échelle mondiale, il est d’une grande importance de mieux comprendre comment la société civile perçoit la technologie nucléaire et ses risques et comment mettre en place des mécanismes de communication entre toutes les parties prenantes visant à bâtir un cadre décisionnel consensuel. Ce rapport s’appuie sur une analyse approfondie de travaux de recherche et d’ouvrages publiés sur la perception des risques, la communication à leur sujet, la participation du public à l’élaboration des politiques et à la prise de décision, ainsi que l’évolution de l’opinion du public vis-à-vis de l’énergie nucléaire. Il intéressera les décideurs, les agences gouvernementales et l’industrie. En outre, il apportera des informations pertinentes aux membres du public et aux parties prenantes désireux d’approfondir leur connaissance des aspects de société liés au développement de l’énergie nucléaire.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264284944-fr
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  • 29
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    Society and Nuclear Energy : Towards a Better Understanding (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264184947
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Société et énergie nucléaire ; vers une meilleure compréhension
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Société et énergie nucléaire : vers une meilleure compréhension
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: While signs of a possible nuclear energy renaissance are visible worldwide, it is highly important to understand better the views of civil society on nuclear technologies, how their risks are perceived, and how to establish effective communication between all stakeholders aiming at enhancing consensus building prior to decision making. This report is based upon an in-depth analysis of research work and published literature on risk perception and communication, public participation in policy and decision making and the evolution of public opinion on nuclear energy. It will be of interest to policy makers, governmental agencies and industry. Additionally, members of civil society and various stakeholders eager to learn more about social issues related to the development of nuclear energy will find relevant information in this report.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264184947-en
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  • 30
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    Les autorités de sûreté face au démantèlement des réacteurs nucléaires (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264103481
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 p.)
    Series Statement: Règlementation nucléaire
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Regulatory Challenges of Decommissioning Nuclear Reactors
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Toute installation nucléaire aujourd’hui en exploitation, qu’il s’agisse d’une centrale, d’une usine du cycle du combustible ou d’une installation de recherche et d’essai, atteindra un jour la fin de sa vie utile et cessera de fonctionner. Pendant son démantèlement, il importe de gérer convenablement les risques pour la santé et l’environnement ainsi que les mesures de protection de l’installation à l’arrêt afin de préserver la santé et la sécurité des populations et des travailleurs, mais aussi de protéger toutes les matières nucléaires. Il revient à l'autorité de sûreté de s'assurer de son côté que le démantèlement est mené dans des conditions sûres, que les substances radioactives et le combustible nucléaire usé sont éliminés selon les règles et que le site se trouve dans un état final acceptable. Le présent rapport a pour objet de décrire l'éventail des problèmes qui risquent de se poser pendant ces opérations, qu'il s'agisse de sûreté, d'environnement, d'organisation, de facteurs humains ou de politique publique, et que l'autorité de sûreté doit se préparer à résoudre dans le cadre de son dispositif réglementaire général. Il s'adresse en premier lieu aux autorités de sûreté, sachant que les informations et idées qu'il contient peuvent également intéresser les autorités publiques et environnementales, les exploitants nucléaires, les organismes techniques et le grand public.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264103481-fr
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  • 31
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    Regulatory and Industry Co-operation on Nuclear Safety Research : Challenges and Opportunities (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264103511
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (43 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Coopération autorités de sûreté-industrie pour la recherche en sûreté nucléaire ; Défis et potentialités
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Coopération autorités de sûreté-industrie pour la recherche en sûreté nucléaire : Défis et potentialités
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Regulator-industry co-operation in nuclear safety research has potential advantages as well as disadvantages. This report provides research managers in industry, regulatory organisations and research centres with information on current practices in collaborative safety research in OECD member countries. It identifies means of establishing effective industry-regulator collaboration and provides indications on how to overcome difficulties that can arise. It also advises on possible areas of concern. The report addresses in particular the issue of regulator independence, means to preserve it and ways to demonstrate it to the public while undertaking collaboration with industry.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264103511-en
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  • 32
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    Burn-up Credit Criticality Benchmark : Phase IV-A: Reactivity Prediction Calculations for Infinite Arrays of PWR MOX Fuel Pin Cells (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264103498
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The OECD/NEA Expert Group on Burn-up Credit was established in 1991 to address scientific and technical issues connected with the use of burn-up credit in nuclear fuel cycle operations. Following the completion of six benchmark exercises with uranium oxide fuels irradiated in pressurised water reactors (PWRs) and boiling water reactors (BWRs), the present report concerns mixed uranium and plutonium oxide (MOX) fuels irradiated in PWRs. The report summarises and analyses the solutions to the specified exercises provided by 37 contributors from 10 countries. The exercises were based upon the calculation of infinite PWR fuel pin cell reactivity for fresh and irradiated MOX fuels with various MOX compositions, burn-ups and cooling times. In addition, several representations of the MOX fuel assembly were tested in order to check various levels of approximations commonly used in reactor physics calculations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264103498-en
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  • 33
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    Engineered Barrier Systems and the Safety of Deep Geological Repositories : State-of-the-art Report (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264103450
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (76 p.)
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Repositories for the disposal of radioactive waste generally rely on a multi-barrier system to isolate the waste from the biosphere. This multi-barrier system typically comprises the natural geological barrier provided by the repository host rock and an engineered barrier system (EBS). The EBS project being conducted by the NEA Integration Group for the Safety Case (IGSC) seeks to clarify the role that an EBS can play in the overall safety case for a deep geological repository. It is in this context that the European Commission and the NEA have prepared the present report, which describes the state of the art for engineered barrier systems and provides a common basis of understanding from which to plan future programmes. It is based on answers to a questionnaire received from 13 countries and 17 organisations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264103450-en
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  • 34
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    Engineered Barrier Systems (EBS) in the Context of the Entire Safety Case : Workshop Proceedings, Oxford, United Kingdom 25-27 September 2002 (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264103559
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: This report presents the outcomes of a joint NEA-EC workshop, organised in Oxford on 25-27 September 2002 and hosted by United Kingdom Nirex Limited. The main objectives of the workshop were to provide a status report on engineered barrier systems in various national radioactive waste management programmes considering deep geological disposal; to establish the value to member countries of a project on EBS; and to define such a project’s scope, timetable and modus operandi.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264103559-en
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  • 35
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    L' énergie nucléaire aujourd'hui (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264103313
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Series Statement: Développement de l'énergie nucléaire
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Energy Today
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Kernenergie heute
    Keywords: Energy ; Environment ; Nuclear Energy ; Kernenergie ; Energiebedarf
    Abstract: L’énergie nucléaire est une technologie complexe au passé controversé et qui suscite des interrogations. Dans le même temps, elle peut nous apporter des bienfaits considérables. Pour pouvoir apprécier les perspectives d’avenir de cette technologie, le public souhaite être éclairé sur toute une série de questions : • Dans quelle mesure l’énergie nucléaire est-elle sûre ? • L’énergie nucléaire est-elle compétitive sur le plan économique ? • Quelle contribution l’énergie nucléaire peut-elle apporter pour atteindre les objectifs de réduction des gaz à effet de serre ? • Que faire des déchets radioactifs ? • Le recours à l’énergie nucléaire augmente-t-il le risque de prolifération des armes nucléaires ? • Les ressources sont-elles suffisamment abondantes et sûres pour permettre une exploitation prolongée de l’énergie nucléaire ? • L’énergie nucléaire pourra-t-elle être mieux maîtrisée demain qu’aujourd’hui ? Cet ouvrage apporte des réponses factuelles et fondées à toutes ces questions. Conçu d’abord pour informer les responsables politiques, il intéressera aussi les dirigeants d’entreprise, les universitaires, les journalistes et le grand public.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264103313-fr
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  • 36
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    Protection radiologique de l'environnement : Rapport de synthèse des questions-clés (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264103443
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (36 p.)
    Series Statement: Protection radiologique
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Radiological Protection of the Environment; Summary Report of the Issues
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Radiological Protection of the Environment: Summary Report of the Issues
    Keywords: Environment ; Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Le système de protection radiologique est actuellement en cours de révision afin de le rendre plus simple, plus clair et mieux en adéquation avec les besoins des parties prenantes. Au cours de ce processus évolutif, une attention particulière est accordée au développement d’un système explicite pour la protection radiologique de l’environnement. C’est dans ce contexte que l’AEN a organisé, en étroite collaboration avec la Commission internationale de protection radiologique, un forum sur la protection radiologique de l’environnement. Ce rapport présente les questions-clés abordées lors du forum. Elles portent sur le développement durable, l’identification de ce qu’il faut protéger, la définition de détriment, le niveau nécessaire de réglementation, une approche intégrée de la protection, l’utilisation d’approches similaires pour l’homme et l’environnement, les bases pratiques pour un système de protection environnemental et les conséquences en termes de formation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264103443-fr
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  • 37
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    The Decommissioning and Dismantling of Nuclear Facilities : Status, Approaches, Challenges (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264184886
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (50 p.)
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Déclassement et démantèlement des installations nucléaires ; État des lieux, démarches, défis
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Déclassement et démantèlement des installations nucléaires : État des lieux, démarches, défis
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This report, intended for a broad readership, provides a concise overview of the decommissioning and dismantling of nuclear facilities and associated issues in NEA Member countries. It draws upon a database of fact sheets produced to a standard format by individual Member countries that is accessible online from the NEA website.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264184886-en
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  • 38
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    SAFIR 2: Belgian R&D Programme on the Deep Disposal of High-level and Long-lived Radioactive Waste : An International Peer Review (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264103467
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p.)
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This report presents the common views of the International Review Team established by the NEA Secretariat on behalf of the Belgian Government to perform a peer review of the SAFIR 2 report, produced by the Belgian Agency for Radioactive Waste and Enriched Fissile Materials (ONDRAF/NIRAS) to describe the research, development and demonstration activities in the Belgian programme on the disposal of high-level and long-lived radioactive wastes in a deep geological repository excavated within an argillaceous formation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264103467-en
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  • 39
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    Public Confidence in the Management of Radioactive Waste: The Canadian Context : Workshop Proceedings, Ottawa, Canada, 14-18 October 2002 (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264103979
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Canada
    Abstract: A workshop held in Ottawa in October 2002 brought together a wide range of Canadian stakeholders and delegates from radioactive waste management programmes in 14 countries. This third interactive workshop of the NEA Forum on Stakeholder Confidence focused on key areas such as the social concerns at play in radioactive waste management, how these concerns can be addressed, and development opportunities for local communities. These proceedings provide a summary of the workshop, the full texts of the stakeholder presentations and detailed reports of the workshop discussions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264103979-en
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  • 40
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    The Way Forward in Radiological Protection : An Expert Group Report (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264061453
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (48 p.)
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vers un nouveau système de protection radiologique ; Rapport d'un Groupe d'experts
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vers un nouveau système de protection radiologique : Rapport d'un Groupe d'experts
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Virtually all national and international radiation protection regulations and standards are based on the recommendations published by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). New recommendations, to replace those issued in 1990, are in the process of being developed for issuance in 2005, and it is in the interest of all NEA Member countries to ensure that these recommendations meet the needs of national regulatory organisations and practitioners. Since revisions began at the ICRP in 1999, the NEA Committee on Radiation Protection and Public Health (CRPPH) has been leading discussions regarding what, in the old recommendations, could be improved or changed to make any new recommendations more functional. Based on a preliminary two-year study to identify those areas that should be improved, this report suggests specific improvements that would render the new system easier to understand and apply, and that should be considered for inclusion in the new ICRP recommendations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264061453-en
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  • 41
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    Tchernobyl : Evaluation des incidences radiologiques et sanitaires : Mise à jour 2002 de Tchernobyl : Dix ans déjà (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264284876
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Chernobyl; Assessment of Radiological and Health Impacts; 2002 Update of Chernobyl; Ten Years On
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Chernobyl: Assessment of Radiological and Health Impacts: 2002 Update of Chernobyl: Ten Years On
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Les milieux de la radioprotection à l’échelle internationale ont dressé un important bilan de la situation aux alentours du réacteur endommagé de Tchernobyl à l’occasion du dixième anniversaire de l’accident. Depuis lors, les études qui continuent à être consacrées au site de l’accident et aux territoires contaminés ont mis en évidence de nouveaux aspects scientifiques, sociaux et sanitaires. Le présent rapport constitue une mise à jour complète de la précédente publication de l’AEN intitulée Tchernobyl : Dix ans déjà. Il présente au lecteur les informations les plus récentes sur les nouvelles connaissances significatives acquises dans les domaines de la gestion des situations d’urgence, du comportement à long terme des matières radioactives dans l’environnement et des incidences sur la santé.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264284876-fr
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    Burn-up Credit Criticality Benchmark : Phase IV-B: Results and Analysis of MOX Fuel Depletion Calculations (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264103504
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (174 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The OECD/NEA Expert Group on Burn-up Credit was established in 1991 to address scientific and technical issues connected with the use of burn-up credit in nuclear fuel cycle operations. Following the completion of six benchmark exercises with uranium oxide (UOX) fuels irradiated in pressurised water reactors (PWRs) and boiling water reactors (BWRs), the present report concerns mixed uranium and plutonium oxide (MOX) fuels irradiated in PWRs. The exercises consisted of inventory calculations of MOX fuels for two initial plutonium compositions. The depletion calculations were carried out using three representations of the MOX assemblies and their interface with UOX assemblies. This enabled the investigation of the spatial and spectral effects during the irradiation of the MOX fuels.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264103504-en
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  • 43
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    Radiological Protection of the Environment : Summary Report of the Issues (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264103436
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 p.)
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Protection radiologique de l'environnement ; Rapport de synthèse des questions-clés
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Protection radiologique de l'environnement : Rapport de synthèse des questions-clés
    Keywords: Environment ; Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The system of radiological protection is currently being revised in order to make it simpler, clearer and more responsive to stakeholder needs. During this evolution process, particular attention is being given to the development of an explicit system for the radiological protection of the environment. It was in this context that the NEA organised, in close collaboration with the International Commission on Radiological Protection, a forum on radiological protection of the environment. This report summarises the key issues discussed at the forum. They include sustainable development, identification of what to protect, the definition of detriment, the necessary level of regulation, an integrated approach to protection, the use of similar approaches for humans and the environment, practical foundations for a system of environmental protection, and consequences in terms of training.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264103436-en
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  • 44
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    Nuclear Energy Today (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264103306
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (112 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'énergie nucléaire aujourd'hui
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Kernenergie heute
    DDC: 621.48
    Keywords: Energy ; Environment ; Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Meeting the growing demand for energy, and electricity in particular, while addressing the need to curb greenhouse gas emissions and to ensure security of energy supply, is one of the most difficult challenges facing the world’s economies. No single technology can respond to this challenge, and the solution which policy makers are seeking lies in the diversification of energy sources. Although nuclear energy currently provides over 20% of electricity in the OECD area and does not emit any carbon dioxide during production, it continues to be seen by many as a controversial technology. Public concern remains over its safety and the management of radioactive waste, and financing such a capital-intensive technology is a complex issue. The role that nuclear power will play in the future depends on the answers to these questions, several of which are provided in this up-to-date review of the status of nuclear energy, as well as on the outcome of research and development on the nuclear fuel cycle and reactor technologies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264103306-en
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  • 45
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    Radiological Protection of the Environment: The Path forward to a New Policy? : Workshop Proceedings, Taormina, Sicily, Italy 12-14 February 2002 (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264099708
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (248 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Italy
    Abstract: The international system of radiological protection is being revised to make it more coherent and concise. During the revision process, particular attention is given to the development of an explicit system for the radiological protection of the environment in addition to that of human beings. These proceedings comprise the views of a broad range of invited speakers, including policy makers, regulators, radiation protection and environmental protection professionals, industry, social scientists and representatives of both non-governmental and intergovernmental organisations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264099708-en
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  • 46
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    Stepwise Decision Making in Finland for the Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel : Workshop Proceedings - Turku, Finland - 15-16 November 2001 (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264199422
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Finland
    Abstract: These workshop proceedings present the history leading up to the Decision in Principle of Finland on the final disposal facility for spent nuclear fuel and examine future perspectives with an emphasis on stakeholder involvement. The workshop was highly interactive and focused on three main topics: the stepwise decision-making process, stakeholder involvement and confidence building. All relevant stakeholder voices were heard and their viewpoints debated. An account of the individual presentations and the discussions that took place are provided in these proceedings.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264199422-en
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  • 47
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    Environmental Remediation of Uranium Production Facilities (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264194809
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (328 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Réaménagement de l'environnement des sites de production d'uranium
    Keywords: Environment ; Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Environmental remediation activities in uranium mines and mills have become increasingly important in the last few decades due to the large number of facilities which have been taken out of operation, the growing interest in remediating previously abandoned sites and the increasingly strict environmental regulations that are being put in place. Remediation programmes are being implemented to ensure the return of affected areas to previously existing environmental conditions or to a land use that will be sustainable in the long term and acceptable to all stakeholders. This report provides a summary of the most relevant issues and practices in remediation programmes of uranium production facilities and an overview of activities and plans in reporting countries. It covers the areas of site characterisation, dismantling and decommissioning, waste management facilities, water remediation, long-term stewardship and monitoring, policies and regulations, and costs. The country profiles of remediation activities and plans include information considered to be important by the country and are based on survey responses provided by 22 countries (12 OECD and 10 non-OECD countries).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264194809-en
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  • 48
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    Advanced Nuclear Reactor Safety Issues and Research Needs : Workshop Proceedings, Paris, France, 18-20 February 2002 (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264194441
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (344 p)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Safety
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Advanced nuclear reactor safety issues and research needs
    Keywords: Nukleare Sicherheit ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; Nuclear Energy ; France ; Kernreaktorsicherheit
    Abstract: New nuclear reactor designs are expected to have a higher level of safety than current designs. As part of the efforts to achieve this, important safety issues related to the new designs need to be identified at an early stage, and research required for problem resolution defined. These proceedings bring together the papers presented at the OECD/NEA Workshop on Advanced Nuclear Reactor Safety Issues and Research Needs. Conclusions of the workshop discussions are offered at the end of the book, which will be of particular interest to all those involved in planning and designing the next generation of nuclear reactors.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264194441-en
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  • 49
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    L' énergie nucléaire et le Protocole de Kyoto (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264299146
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Energy and the Kyoto Protocol
    Keywords: Environment ; Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: La mise en oeuvre du Protocole de Kyoto et l’application de ses mécanismes de flexibilité sont au premier plan des débats de politique énergétique dans la plupart des pays de l’OCDE. Le rôle que l’énergie nucléaire est susceptible de jouer dans ce contexte est envisagé de façons diverses, et sur la base de critères différents, par les parties prenantes des gouvernements et de la société civile en fonction de leurs intérêts et de leurs priorités respectives. Cet ouvrage présente des informations clés sur l’énergie nucléaire et le Protocole de Kyoto. Il met en lumière les défis et les opportunités associés au développement futur de l’énergie nucléaire dans le contexte de la mise en oeuvre du Protocole de Kyoto et plus largement dans la lutte contre les risques de changement climatique global. Il s’adresse aux décideurs en matière de politique énergétique, aux experts dans ce domaine et aux membres de la société civile soucieux de mieux comprendre les questions soulevées par le débat sur le rôle de l’énergie nucléaire dans le cadre du développement durable. Il aidera à définir les arbitrages nécessaires pour faire face aux préoccupations relatives au changement climatique planétaire.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264299146-fr
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  • 50
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    Basic Studies in the Field of High-temperature Engineering : Second Information Exchange Meeting: Paris, France 10-12 October 2001 (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264175891
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (360 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Nuclear Energy Agency Basic studies in the field of high-temperature engineering
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France
    Abstract: In response to increasing interest in high-temperature, gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) in many countries and the need for improved materials for nuclear applications in high-temperature environments, the NEA organised a Second Information Exchange Meeting on Basic Studies in the Field of High-temperature Engineering. These proceedings provide an overview of the activities being carried out in eight countries, the improvement of material properties for HTGR application, in-core monitoring methods and properties of irradiated graphite, and HTGR fuel fabrication and performance.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264175891-en
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  • 51
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    Fission Gas Behaviour in Water Reactor Fuels : Seminar Proceedings, Cadarache, France, 26-29 September 2000 (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264196353
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (564 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    DDC: 621.4834
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France
    Abstract: During irradiation, nuclear fuel changes volume, primarily through swelling. This swelling is caused by the fission products and in particular by the volatile ones such as krypton and xenon, called fission gas. Fission gas behaviour needs to be reliably predicted in order to make better use of nuclear fuel, a factor which can help to achieve the economic competitiveness required by today's markets. These proceedings communicate the results of an international seminar which reviewed recent progress in the field of fission gas behaviour in light water reactor fuel and sought to improve the models used in computer codes predicting fission gas release. State-of-the-art knowledge is presented for both uranium-oxide and mixed-oxide fuels loaded in water reactors.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264196353-en
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  • 52
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    Nuclear Energy and the Kyoto Protocol (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264199149
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (53 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'énergie nucléaire et le Protocole de Kyoto
    Keywords: Environment ; Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The implementation of the Kyoto Protocol and the application of its "flexible mechanisms" are at the forefront of energy policy debates in most OECD countries. The potential role of nuclear energy in this context is viewed very differently and assessed against various criteria by the range of stakeholders in governments and civil society according to their interests and priorities. This book provides key facts concerning nuclear energy and the Kyoto Protocol. It highlights the challenges and opportunities for the future development of nuclear energy in the context of implementing the Kyoto Protocol, and more broadly in alleviating the risks of global climate change.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264199149-en
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    Physics of Plutonium Recycling : Volume VI: Multiple Plutonium Recycling in Advanced PWRs (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264199583
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Although the recycling of plutonium as thermal mixed-oxide (MOX) fuel in pressurised water reactors (PWRs) is now well-established on a commercial scale, many physics questions remain. The main question addressed in this report is the number of times plutonium can effectively be recycled in a PWR. This report describes in particular an exercise based on a realistic, multiple-recycle scenario, which followed plutonium through five generations of recycling in a PWR. It considered both a standard PWR design currently in use and a highly moderated design. The latter is a possible option for a dedicated, MOX-fuelled PWR in which it would be possible to optimise the moderation for plutonium. The study of these two designs in parallel has provided a better understanding of their relative merits, as well as insight into the limitations of multiple recycling and the long-term toxicity of fission products and actinides.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264199583-en
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    Better Integration of Radiation Protection in Modern Society : Workshop Proceedings - Villigen, Switzerland - 23-25 January 2001 (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264196131
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (280 p.)
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Switzerland
    Abstract: The societal aspects of risk governance are increasingly becoming a part of public decision-making processes. This tendency is particularly evident in matters dealing with the protection of human health and the environment. The NEA Committee on Radiation Protection and Public Health organised a workshop to examine stakeholder involvement processes through which governments and regulators can arrive at accepted decisions regarding radiological protection. An example of an area in which stakeholder involvement is important is the clean-up of sites contaminated by accidents or by past industrial or research activities. These proceedings address the roles of various stakeholders in the decision-making process, and their expectations regarding how a modern system of radiological protection should be integrated within the broader context of risk governance. Case studies are presented to illustrate good practice and as a basis for drawing conclusions regarding general lessons that can be applicable in many different national contexts. These proceedings will be of interest to policy makers, radiation protection experts and interested members of the public.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264196131-en
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  • 55
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    Establishing and Communicating Confidence in the Safety of Deep Geologic Disposal : Approaches and Arguments = Etablir et faire partager la confiance dans la sûreté des dépôts en grande profondeur : Approches et arguments (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264094451
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Confidence among both technical experts and the public in the safety of deep geologic repositories for radioactive waste is a key element in the successful development of the repositories. This report presents the approaches and arguments that are currently used in OECD countries to establish and communicate confidence in their safety. It evaluates the state of the art for obtaining, presenting and demonstrating confidence in long-term safety, and makes recommendations on future directions and initiatives to be taken for improving confidence.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264094451-en-fr
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    Radionuclide Retention in Geologic Media : Workshop Proceedings - Oskarshamn, Sweden - 7-9 May 2001 (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264196148
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Sweden
    Abstract: GEOTRAP is the OECD/NEA Project on Radionuclide Migration in Geologic, Heterogeneous Media carried out in the context of site evaluation and safety assessment of deep repository systems for long-lived radioactive waste. Retention of radionuclides within the geosphere for prolonged periods is an important safety function of deep geologic disposal concepts for radioactive waste. The extent to which retention processes can be relied upon in repository performance assessment depends upon the existence of well-established theoretical bases for the processes. It also depends on support for the operation of specific retention processes, and models for their quantitative evaluation, from a wide range of laboratory and field experiments and observations from nature. The fifth GEOTRAP workshop, "Geological Evidence and Theoretical Bases for Radionuclide-retention Processes in Heterogeneous Media" held in May 2001, looked at radionuclide-retention processes and their consideration and representation in performance assessments. Current approaches to characterising and modelling retention processes, and suggestions for future improvements, were presented and discussed. In addition to the material presented during the workshop, this publication includes a technical synthesis reflecting the discussions that took place as well as the conclusions and recommendations made, notably during the working group sessions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264196148-en
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  • 57
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    Advanced Reactors with Innovative Fuels : Workshop Proceedings - Chester, United Kingdom 22-24 October 2001 (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264160842
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (516 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: A new generation of nuclear reactor designs is being developed in order to meet the needs of the 21st century. In the short term, the most important objective is to improve competitiveness in the deregulated market. For this purpose evolutionary light water reactors are being developed and promoted actively. In the longer term, other requirements related to long-term sustainability will emerge, including the need to minimise the environmental burden passed on to future generations, the need to establish sustainability of the fuel and the need to minimise stocks of separated plutonium and their accessibility. At this workshop, information on R&D activities for advanced reactor systems was exchanged and research areas in which international co-operation could be strengthened were identified, in particular the roles that could be played by existing experimental facilities and the possible needs for new infrastructure.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264160842-en
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  • 58
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    Réaménagement de l'environnement des sites de production d'uranium (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264294806
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (368 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Développement de l'énergie nucléaire
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environmental Remediation of Uranium Production Facilities
    Keywords: Environment ; Nuclear Energy ; Uranproduktion ; Produktionsstandort ; Umweltverschmutzung ; Sanierung
    Abstract: Le réaménagement de l’environnement des sites des mines et usines de traitement d’uranium a pris un tournant majeur depuis quelques décennies. Les raisons de cette évolution sont multiples : un grand nombre d’installations ont été fermées ; la décontamination des anciens sites abandonnés est un souci croissant ; enfin, des règlements toujours plus stricts sont mis en place en vue de protéger l’environnement. Des programmes de réaménagement sont donc instaurés dans le but de rétablir l’environnement initial des sites contaminés ou de permettre l’utilisation libre des sols, le tout dans un cadre qui sache respecter les objectifs du développement durable à long terme et qui convienne à toutes les parties prenantes. Ce rapport résume les pratiques et les enjeux les plus importants des programmes visant à réaménager les installations de production d’uranium, puis brosse le tableau général des activités et des programmes spécifiques dans les pays participant à l’étude. Les thèmes abordés sont variés : caractérisation des sites, démantèlement et déclassement, installations de gestion des déchets, décontamination de l’eau, intendance et surveillance de longue durée, politiques et réglementation, et coûts. Les profils nationaux des activités et programmes de réaménagement s’appuient sur les réponses fournies par chacun des 22 pays (12 pays Membres de l’OCDE et 10 pays non membres) qui ont participé à l’enquête et comprennent des informations liées aux questions qui sont réputées les plus importantes dans chacun d’entre eux.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264294806-fr
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    The Use of Thermodynamic Databases in Performance Assessment : Workshop Proceedings, Barcelona, Spain 29-30 May 2001 (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264160798
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Data Bank
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Spain ; Thermodynamik ; Datenbank
    Abstract: Performance assessment of repository concepts for the geological disposal of long-lived radioactive waste relies on the availability of thermodynamic data for many radionuclides and other elements under a wide range of physico-chemical conditions. For the past ten years, the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) has been co-ordinating a multinational effort to produce a database of selected thermochemical values that would satisfy the requirements of the various national programmes in Member countries. This project is known as the NEA Thermochemical Database (TDB) Project. This publication contains the full papers and summary discussion records of a workshop attended by scientists active in the field of chemical thermodynamics and experts in repository performance assessment who use the thermochemical databases for their evaluations. During the workshop, participants discussed current experimental and theoretical standpoints, new data requirements and the peculiarities of their application in performance assessment.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264160798-en
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  • 60
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    Le cycle du combustible nucléaire : Aspects économiques, environnementaux et sociaux (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264296220
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Développement de l'énergie nucléaire
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trends in the Nuclear Fuel Cycle; Economic, Environmental and Social Aspects
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trends in the Nuclear Fuel Cycle: Economic, Environmental and Social Aspects
    Keywords: Environment ; Nuclear Energy ; Kernbrennstoffkreislauf ; Wirtschaftliche Betrachtungsweise ; Umweltpolitik
    Abstract: Le rôle de l’énergie nucléaire dans une perspective de développement durable dépend de multiples facteurs dont un nombre important sont liés au cycle du combustible. Ce rapport décrit les développements et les tendances dans le domaine du cycle susceptibles d’améliorer la compétitivité et la durabilité des systèmes énergétiques nucléaires à moyen et long terme. Des critères et des indicateurs d’évaluation des futurs systèmes énergétiques nucléaires sont également présentés dans cet ouvrage.Préparé par des experts de l’industrie, de la recherche et d’agences gouvernementales, ce rapport s’adresse principalement aux personnes associées à l’élaboration des politiques et à la prise de décision relative à l’énergie nucléaire.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264296220-fr
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    The Handling of Timescales in Assessing Post-closure Safety of Deep Geological Repositories : Workshop Proceedings, Paris, France, 16-18 April 2002 (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264099128
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (226 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France
    Abstract: This book presents the proceedings of a workshop entitled the "Handling of Timescales in Assessing Post-Closure Safety" of deep geological repositories for radioactive waste organised in Paris on 16-18 April 2002 and hosted by the French Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN). The main objective of the workshop was to identify and discuss approaches related to, and work done on, the timescales issue within national radioactive waste management programmes in the context of assessing post-closure safety. The timescales in question depend upon the half-lives and levels of activity of the radionuclides considered for disposal. These proceedings include the presentations made at the workshop as well as a summary of the discussions held.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264099128-en
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  • 62
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    Beneficial Uses and Production of Isotopes : 2000 Update (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264189010
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (84 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Usages bénéfiques et production des isotopes ; Mise à jour 2000
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Usages bénéfiques et production des isotopes : Mise à jour 2000
    RVK:
    UN 5500
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Radionuklid ; Anwendung
    Abstract: Isotopes, radioactive and stable, are used worldwide in various applications related to medical diagnosis or care, industry and scientific research. More than fifty countries have isotope production or separation facilities operated for domestic supply, and sometimes for international markets. This publication provides up-to-date information on the current status of, and trends in, isotope uses and production. It also presents key issues, conclusions and recommendations, which will be of interest to policy makers in governmental bodies, scientists and industrial actors in the field.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264189010-en
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  • 63
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    Confidence in Models of Radionuclide Transport for Site-specific Assessment : Workshop Proceedings, Carlsbad, New Mexico, United States, 14-17 June 1999 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264189393
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Confidence in models of radionuclide transport for site-specific assessments
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Mexico ; United States ; Radionuklid ; Ausbreitung ; Geosphäre
    Abstract: GEOTRAP is the OECD/NEA Project on Radionuclide Migration in Geologic, Heterogeneous Media carried out in the context of site evaluation and safety assessment of deep repository systems for long-lived radioactive waste.Performance assessment of proposed waste disposal sites requires models of radionuclide transport through the geosphere. To be used in repository planning and development, these models must have the confidence of both national waste management programmes and the wider scientific community. The fourth GEOTRAP workshop, "Confidence in Models of Radionuclide Transport for Site-specific Performance Assessment" held in June 1999, addressed the issue of technical confidence building and provided an overview of current developments in this field. Proposed approaches to confidence building and approaches that have already proven successful were presented and discussed. In addition to the material presented during the workshop, this publication includes a technical synthesis reflecting the discussions that took place as well as the conclusions and recommendations made, notably during the working group sessions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264189393-en
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  • 64
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    Nuclear Production of Hydrogen : First Information Exchange Meeting -- Paris, France 2-3 October 2000 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264193192
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (248 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Nuclear production of hydrogen
    RVK:
    VN 6050
    Keywords: Wasserstofftechnologie ; Kernenergie ; Erneuerbare Energie ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; Nuclear Energy ; France ; Konferenzschrift 2000 ; Kerntechnik ; Wasserstofferzeugung
    Abstract: Hydrogen has the potential to play an important role as a sustainable and environmentally acceptable energy source in the 21st century. However, hydrogen does not exist as a gas on earth and thus has to be produced from, for example, water or natural gas by different separation techniques. One way to do so would be to use nuclear-produced energy or heat in this separation process. The present publication gives an overview of the advancements in the scientific and technological fields related to the nuclear production of hydrogen.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193192-en
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  • 65
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    Utilisation and Reliability of High Power Proton Accelerators : Workshop Proceedings, Aix-en-Provence, France, 22-24 November 1999 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264194847
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (476 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France
    Abstract: High power proton accelerators are being studied for their potential use in the transmutation of nuclear waste. The Second Workshop on Utilisation and Reliability of High Power Proton Accelerators, organised by the NEA Nuclear Science Committee, placed special emphasis on accelerator-driven system (ADS) concepts comprising a sub-critical reactor coupled with a high power accelerator. The information provided in these proceedings will primarily be of interest to scientists working on accelerator-driven systems, but also to those involved in the construction of high power accelerators.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264194847-en
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  • 66
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    Scenario Development Methods and Practice : An Evaluation Based on the NEA Workshop on Scenario Development - Madrid, May 1999 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264193536
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (248 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Analysis of the long-term safety of radioactive waste repositories, using performance assessment and other tools, is required prior to implementation. The initial stage in developing a repository safety assessment is the identification of all factors that may be relevant to the long-term safety of the repository and their combination to form scenarios. This must be done in a systematic and transparent way in order to assure the regulatory authorities that nothing important has been forgotten. This report is a review of developments in scenario methodologies based on a large body of practical experience in safety assessments. It will be of interest to radioactive waste management experts as well as to other specialists involved in the development of scenario methodologies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193536-en
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  • 67
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    Investing in Trust: Nuclear Regulators and the Public : Workshop Proceedings Paris, France 29th November-1st December 2000 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264193154
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (328 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Regulation
    Keywords: Governance ; Nuclear Energy ; France
    Abstract: Good governance and efficiency in decision making by governmental authorities are increasingly dependent upon mutual trust and confidence between those authorities and the public. This workshop provided an opportunity to exchange information and views on how national nuclear regulatory organisations can improve their interface with the public.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193154-en
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  • 68
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    Evaluation of Speciation Technology : Workshop Proceedings Tokai-mura, Ibaraki, Japan 26-28 October 1999 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264192782
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (440 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Japan
    Abstract: It has been widely recognised among researchers that speciation data are essential for proper and reliable modelling of radionuclide behaviour, which is studied inter alia in the context of radioactive waste management. Participants at the OECD/NEA workshop on "Evaluation of Speciation Technology" reviewed the various techniques used to identify different species of actinide and fission product elements present in nuclear waste and nuclear reprocessing streams. The review takes into account the advantages, disadvantages and limitations of the various methods in relation to their field of application. Recommendations for future R&D are also provided. These proceedings will primarily be of interest to chemists specialised in separation techniques and radioactive waste management experts.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264192782-en
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  • 69
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    Using Thermodynamic Sorption Models for Guiding Radioelement Distribution Coefficient (Kd) Investigations : A Status Report (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264192935
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (194 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Using thermodynamic sorption models for guiding radioelement distribution coefficient (Kd) investigations
    RVK:
    UN 5240
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Konferenzschrift ; Radioaktiver Abfall ; Sicherheitsanalyse ; Entsorgung
    Abstract: A general consensus has been reached among technical experts that high-level radioactive waste can safely be disposed of in deep geological repositories. Safety studies are carried out to evaluate the overall capacity of a particular disposal site to confine waste and minimise radioactive releases. Since the principal way in which radioactive elements might eventually reach the biosphere is by transport of dissolved radionuclides in groundwater, the safety study calculations must be able to estimate their rate of transfer through each of the barriers surrounding the repository. It is well known that, for many radioelements, sorption reactions can lead to a reduction of the amount of radionuclides present in the solution phase. How best to take radionuclide sorption reactions into account in repository performance assessment models is the subject of this book.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264192935-en
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  • 70
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    Management of Depleted Uranium (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264294998
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gestion de l'uranium appauvri
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Large stocks of depleted uranium have arisen as a result of enrichment operations, especially in the United States and the Russian Federation. Countries with depleted uranium stocks are interested in assessing strategies for the use and management of depleted uranium. The choice of strategy depends on several factors, including government and business policy, alternative uses available, the economic value of the material, regulatory aspects and disposal options, and international market developments in the nuclear fuel cycle. This report presents the results of a depleted uranium study conducted by an expert group organised jointly by the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency and the International Atomic Energy Agency. It contains information on current inventories of depleted uranium, potential future arisings, long-term management alternatives, peaceful use options and country programmes. In addition, it explores ideas for international collaboration and identifies key issues for governments and policy makers to consider.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264294998-en
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  • 71
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    Pyrochemical Separations : Workshop Proceedings -- Avignon, France -- 14-16 March 2000 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264189737
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France
    Abstract: The industrial treatment of spent nuclear fuel is presently performed using different wet chemical processes. Alternative dry processes, using pyrochemical methods, have received some attention due to their potential advantages in terms of plant design and criticality safety, as well as radiation dose. Recent progress in the transmutation of long-lived fission products and minor actinides has brought renewed interest in pyrochemical methods, as effective transmutation will be based on multi-recycling of the fuel with very high burn-up and short cooling times, conditions under which pyrochemical methods offer various advantages over wet processes. Studies of pyrochemical processes have so far been carried out at laboratory level. Considerable R&D work is still required in order to upgrade these processes to the current level of industrial aqueous processing.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264189737-en
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  • 72
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    Nuclear Power Plant Life Management in a Changing Business World : Workshop Proceedings, Washington DC, United States 26-27 June 2000 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264188600
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; United States
    Abstract: Nuclear power plant life management (PLIM) has become an important issue in the context of changing business circumstances caused by regulatory reform of the electricity market. Specifically, the economic aspect of PLIM is being closely investigated as part of the search for greater competitiveness. It was in this light that the NEA organised an international workshop on "Nuclear Power Plant Life Management in a Changing Business World". The objective of the workshop was to examine the status of PLIM activities in OECD Member countries and to develop a set of recommendations through separate working groups focusing on technology, regulation and business. The workshop also provided an opportunity to exchange information on lessons learned from past successes and failures. These proceedings will be of particular interest to those playing a policy role in the nuclear industry and those in a position to shape future PLIM strategies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264188600-en
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  • 73
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    Shielding Aspects of Accelerators, Targets and Irradiation Facilities (SATIF 5) : Workshop Proceedings, Paris-France 18-21 July 2000 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264193130
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (428 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France
    Abstract: Over the last 50 years particle accelerators have evolved from simple devices to powerful machines, and will continue to have an important impact on research, technology and lifestyle. Today, they cover a wide range of applications, from television and computer displays in households to investigating the origin and structure of matter. It has become common practice to use particle accelerators for material science and medical applications. In recent years, requirements from new technological and research applications have emerged, giving rise to new radiation shielding aspects and problems. These workshop proceedings review recent progress in radiation shielding of accelerator facilities, evaluating advancements and discussing further developments needed with respect to international co-operation in this field.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193130-en
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  • 74
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    Trends in the Nuclear Fuel Cycle : Economic, Environmental and Social Aspects (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264196223
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le cycle du combustible nucléaire ; Aspects économiques, environnementaux et sociaux
    Keywords: Environment ; Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The role of nuclear energy in a sustainable development context has multiple facets, a significant number of which relate to the nuclear fuel cycle. This report provides a description of the developments and trends in the nuclear fuel cycle that may improve the competitiveness and sustainability of nuclear generating systems over the medium and long term. It also presents criteria and indicators for future nuclear energy systems. Prepared by experts from the nuclear industry, government agencies and research organisations, this report will be of interest to those involved in nuclear energy policy and decision making.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264196223-en
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  • 75
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    Gas generation and migration in radioactive waste disposal : safety-relevant issues; workshop proceedings, Reims, France, 26 - 28 June 2000 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264193086
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Gas generation and migration in radioactive waste disposal
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France ; Konferenzschrift 2000 ; Endlagerung ; Radioaktiver Abfall ; Gastransport ; Migration ; Hochradioaktiver Abfall ; Endlager ; Gas ; Mineralchemie ; Unterirdisches Bauwerk ; Barriere ; Umweltgeochemie ; Umweltgeologie
    Abstract: In underground repositories for radioactive waste, significant quantities of gases may be generated as a result of several processes. The potential impact of gas generation, accumulation and migration on the performances of the various barriers and, ultimately, on the long-term safety of a repository, should therefore be assessed in the development of safety cases for underground repositories. It was in this context that the EC and the NEA organised a workshop on "Gas Generation, Accumulation and Migration in Underground Repository Systems for Radioactive Waste: Safety-relevant Issues" in Reims, France on 26-28 June 2000. This book includes the texts of the invited presentations, the reports of the deliberations held in the five working groups, as well as the main conclusions of the workshop.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193086-en
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  • 76
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    Gestion de l'uranium appauvri (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264194991
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (72 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Développement de l'énergie nucléaire
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Management of Depleted Uranium
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Abgereichertes Uran ; Kernenergiewirtschaft ; Abgereichertes Uran ; Lagerung ; Technische Sicherheit
    Abstract: D’importantes quantités d’uranium appauvri ont été produites suite aux activités d’enrichissement effectuées surtout aux États-Unis et en Fédération de Russie. Les pays qui en ont en stock ont donc intérêt à évaluer les stratégies possibles pour l’utiliser et le gérer. La stratégie retenue dépendra de plusieurs facteurs, notamment la politique des pouvoirs publics et des milieux des affaires, les utilisations possibles, la valeur économique de la matière, les aspects liés à la réglementation et les options en matière de stockage, ainsi que les développements sur le marché international du cycle du combustible nucléaire. Ce rapport expose les résultats d’une étude que l’Agence de l’OCDE pour l’énergie nucléaire et l’Agence internationale de l’énergie atomique ont entreprise sur l’uranium appauvri. Il fournit des renseignements sur les inventaires actuels et les stocks futurs d’uranium appauvri, les solutions de gestion à long terme, les options d’utilisations pacifiques, de même que les programmes nationaux. En outre, le rapport explore différentes perspectives de collaboration internationale et souligne les questions-clés que les gouvernements et les décideurs politiques ne sauraient manquer d’aborder.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264194991-fr
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  • 77
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    Usages bénéfiques et production des isotopes : Mise à jour 2000 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264289017
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Développement de l'énergie nucléaire
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Beneficial Uses and Production of Isotopes; 2000 Update
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Beneficial Uses and Production of Isotopes: 2000 Update
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Radionuklid ; Anwendung
    Abstract: Les isotopes radioactifs et stables sont utilisés dans l’ensemble du monde pour de nombreuses applications liées à la médecine diagnostique et thérapeutique, à l’industrie et à la recherche scientifique. Plus de cinquante pays disposent d’installations pour la production ou la séparation d’isotopes destinés à l’approvisionnement national et parfois aux marchés internationaux.Cette publication présente des informations à jour sur la situation actuelle et les tendances relatives aux utilisations et à la production d’isotopes. Elle contient des résultats clés, des conclusions et des recommandations présentant un intérêt pour les décideurs des organismes gouvernementaux, les chercheurs et les acteurs industriels dans ce domaine.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264289017-fr
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  • 78
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    Enseignement et formation dans le domaine nucléaire: faut-il s'inquiéter ? (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264287624
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Développement de l'énergie nucléaire
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Education and Training; Cause for Concern ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Education and Training: Cause for Concern ?
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Kerntechnik ; Forschung und Entwicklung
    Abstract: Alors que l’humanité bénéficie aujourd’hui de nombreuses applications des technologies nucléaires, une inquiétude croissante se fait jour dans de nombreux pays de l’OCDE quant à la diminution des enseignements et des formations dans le domaine nucléaire, dont le niveau pourrait atteindre un seuil critique. Cette publication présente les résultats d’une enquête internationale sur l’enseignement et la formation dans le domaine nucléaire effectuée auprès de 200 organisations dans 16 pays. Elle examine la situation actuelle ainsi que les raisons de s'inquiéter.Elle offre des recommandations sur les actions que les pouvoirs publics, les universités et l’industrie devraient prendre pour assurer que les besoins du présent soient satisfaits et que les options futures ne risquent pas d'être compromises.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264287624-fr
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  • 79
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    Nuclear Fuel Safety Criteria Technical Review (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264196063
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examen des critères techniques de sûreté du combustible nucléaire
    Keywords: Nuclear fuels Safety measures ; Nuclear industry Safety measures ; Nuclear Energy ; Kernbrennstoff ; Kernreaktorsicherheit
    Abstract: Nuclear reactor safety is primarily concerned with the prevention of radiation-related damage to the public from the operation of commercial nuclear reactors; safety limits are introduced to avoid fuel failures during normal operation, or to mitigate the consequences of reactor accidents in which substantial damage is done to the reactor core. In this report, brief descriptions of 20 fuel-related safety criteria are presented along with both the rationale for having such criteria and possible new design and operational issues which could have an effect on them. No attempt was made to categorise the criteria according to event type or risk significance.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264196063-en
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  • 80
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    Examen des critères techniques de sûreté du combustible nucléaire (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264296060
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Fuel Safety Criteria Technical Review
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Kernbrennstoff ; Kernreaktorsicherheit
    Abstract: La sûreté des réacteurs nucléaires concerne au premier chef la prévention des dommages qui pourraient résulter de l'exposition du public aux rayonnements liés à l'exploitation des réacteurs nucléaires de type industriel. L'introduction de limites de sûreté vise à éviter des défaillances du combustible en cours d’exploitation normale ou à atténuer les conséquences d'accidents de réacteur au cours desquels des dommages substantiels pourraient être causés au coeur du réacteur. On trouvera dans le présent rapport de brèves descriptions de 20 critères de sûreté liés au combustible, ainsi qu'un exposé de leur raison d’être et des questions éventuelles liées aux nouveaux concepts et à leur exploitation, qui pourraient avoir une incidence sur ces critères. On n’a pas cherché à classer les critères en fonction d’un type d’événement ou de l’importance du risque. Le présent rapport s’adresse en particulier aux ingénieurs nucléaires travaillant sur la sûreté du combustible ainsi qu'à toute personne intéressée par les aspects généraux de la sûreté nucléaire.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264296060-fr
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  • 81
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    Geologic Disposal of Radioactive Waste in Perspective (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264187634
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le point sur l'évacuation des déchets radioactifs en formations géologiques
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Geologic disposal of radioactive waste in perspective
    DDC: 363.72/89
    RVK:
    UN 5240
    Keywords: Nukleare Entsorgung ; Geologie ; OECD-Staaten ; Nuclear Energy ; Radioaktiver Abfall ; Entsorgung ; Geologie
    Abstract: One of the challenges facing the continued availability of nuclear energy is that of ensuring the safe, environmentally acceptable and economic management of the waste generated during its production. There is a broad scientific and technical consensus that disposal of high-level, long-lived radioactive waste in deep geologic formations is an appropriate and safe means of isolating it from the biosphere for very long time scales. There have, however, been setbacks in the disposal programmes in many countries, primarily due to the failure of the waste management community to win sufficient public and political support. This report, which is based on recent work of the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA), reviews the progress to date in this field and the further steps that may be required to implement geologic disposal, taking into account both the technical and regulatory requirements, and the need to achieve an appropriate level of societal acceptance.This book should be of interest to government and industry decision makers, academics and all those eager to better understand what is at stake in this widely debated subject and the prospects that emerge.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264187634-en
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  • 82
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    Radiological Impacts of Spent Nuclear Fuel Management Options : A Comparative Study (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264182028
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les incidences radiologiques des options de gestion du combustible nucléaire usé ; Une étude comparative
    DDC: 621.4835
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Given its potential significance for public health and the environment, the impact of radioactive releases during important steps of nuclear energy production must be considered when selecting among different fuel cycles. With this in mind, the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) has undertaken a comparative study of the radiological impacts of two main fuel cycle options: one with and one without reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel. The study compares the respective impacts of the two options based on generic models and assumptions as well as actual data. It concludes that the difference between them is not significant. A wealth of recent data assembled and evaluated by an international expert team is provided in annex.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264182028-en
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  • 83
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    Monitoring and Data Management Strategies for Nuclear Emergencies (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264180956
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Stratégies de surveillance et de gestion de données dans les urgences nucléaires
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Since the accident at Chernobyl in 1986, many countries have intensified their efforts in nuclear emergency planning, preparedness and management. Experience from the NEA nuclear emergency exercises (INEX 1 and INEX 2) indicated a need to improve the international system of communication and information in case of a radiological emergency. To address this need, research was carried out by three NEA working groups, the findings of which are synthesised in the present report. This report defines emergency monitoring and modelling needs, and proposes strategies which will assist decision makers by improving the selection of data that is transmitted, and the way in which data and information are transmitted and received. Modern communication methods, such as the Internet, are a key part of the strategies described.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264180956-en
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  • 84
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    Nuclear Legislation in Central and Eastern Europe and the NIS : 2000 Overview (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264187665
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Législation nucléaire en Europe centrale et orientale et dans les NEI ; Panorama 2000
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Législation nucléaire en Europe centrale et orientale et dans les NEI : Panorama 2000
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This publication examines the legislation and regulations governing the peaceful uses of nuclear energy in eastern European countries. It covers 11 countries from Central and Eastern Europe and 11 countries from the New Independent States.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264187665-en
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  • 85
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    Assuring Nuclear Safety Competence into the 21st Century : Workshop Proceedings, Budapest, Hungary 12-14 October 1999 (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264182400
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (248 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 363.17/995
    RVK:
    QR 535
    RVK:
    UN 5220
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Hungary ; Konferenzschrift 1999 ; Kernreaktorsicherheit ; Störfallanalyse ; Technische Sicherheit ; Gefährdungsanalyse ; Kerntechnische Industrie
    Abstract: Irrespective of current views on the future of nuclear power programmes, concerns are arising with respect to the long-term ability to preserve safety competence because student enrolments in nuclear engineering are decreasing rapidly and experienced staff are reaching retirement age. "Assuring Nuclear Safety Competence into the 21st Century" was discussed in depth by workshop participants. The need for a long-term strategic view was emphasised, and policy recommendations were made. These proceedings will be of particular interest to those playing a policy role in the nuclear industry, regulatory bodies and the education sector.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264182400-en
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  • 86
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    Méthodes d'évaluation des conséquences économiques des accidents nucléaires (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264281479
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Protection radiologique
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Methodologies for Assessing the Economic Consequences of Nuclear Reactor Accidents
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Kerntechnischer Unfall ; Katastrophenmanagement ; Unfallkosten
    Abstract: Pour des raisons pratiques, on mesure souvent les conséquences d'un accident de réacteur nucléaire en termes économiques. Pourtant, les chiffres actuellement disponibles frappent par leur disparité. C’est pourquoi l'AEN a créé un Groupe d'experts chargé d' étudier les méthodologies utilisées pour calculer ces conséquences ainsi que leurs fondements. Ces méthodes de calcul ont été évaluées en fonction de trois perspectives : réparation des dommages et responsabilité; logistique, exercices et gestion de crise; et choix des options énergétiques pour la production d’électricité. En conclusion, que l’on adopte ou non la même perspective, les résultats numériques sont très difficilement comparables, car fortement dépendants des limites de l’évaluation (scénario d’accident utilisé, caractéristiques du site et importance des rejets de radioactivité). Cet ouvrage fait la synthèse des résultats du Groupe et s’adresse aux décideurs, aux experts ainsi qu’aux spécialistes de la modélisation des conséquences d’accidents.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264281479-fr
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  • 87
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    Réduction des coûts en capital des centrales nucléaires (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264280571
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reduction of Capital Costs of Nuclear Power Plants
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: La compétitivité des centrales nucléaires dépend dans une large mesure de leurs coûts en capital qui représentent environ 60 pour cent des coûts totaux de la prodution d’électricité nucléaire. Il est donc essentiel d’inventorier et d’analyser les moyens de réduire les coûts en capital des centrales nucléaires pour renforcer la viabilité économique de l’option nucléaire.Ce rapport s’appuie sur des informations et des données sur les coûts qui ont été fournies par des experts des pays Membres de l’AEN. Il examine différentes méthodes permettant de réduire les coûts en capital des centrales nucléaires. Cet ouvrage présente des éléments d'information utiles aux décideurs de l'industrie nucléaire et des gouvernements dans l'élaboration de leurs politiques.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264280571-fr
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  • 88
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    Reform of Civil Nuclear Liability : Budapest Symposium 1999 = Réforme de la responsabilité civile nucléaire : Symposium de Budapest 1999 (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264082298
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (680 p.)
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The International Symposium on the Reform of Civil Nuclear Liability, organised by the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency in co-operation with the International Atomic Energy Agency and the European Commission, was held in Budapest, Hungary from 31 May to 3 June 1999. The event attracted over 200 participants from 50 countries, with a view to examining nuclear liability and compensation issues in the context of the recent revision of the Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage, the adoption of the Convention on Supplementary Compensation for Nuclear Damage and the current negotiations being carried out under the aegis of the OECD/NEA on the amendment of the Paris and Brussels Conventions. These proceedings reproduce all papers which were presented at the Symposium, and provide detailed records of the discussion periods.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264082298-en-fr
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  • 89
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    Porewater Extraction from Argillaceous Rocks for Geochemical Characterisation : Methods and Interpretations (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264182462
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    DDC: 621.4838
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The definition of the chemical and isotopic composition of the groundwater present in argillaceous formations, which are considered as potential host rocks for radioactive waste disposal, is crucial for establishing their barrier properties. Therefore, a critical review of the relevant literature on the current methods applied to extract water and solutes and on the various approaches to the interpretation of their results was commissioned to the Laboratoire d’hydrologie et de géochimie isotopique (Université de Paris-Sud, France). The present document provides a synthesis of available extraction methods, assesses their respective advantages and limitations, identifies key processes that may influence the composition of the extracted water, describes modelling approaches that are used to determine in situ porewater composition, and highlights, wherever possible, some of the unresolved issues and recommendations on ways to address them.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264182462-en
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  • 90
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    Evacuation géologique des déchets radioactifs : Bilan des dix dernières années (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264280540
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (112 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Gestion des déchets radioactifs
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste; Review of Developments in the Last Decade
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste: Review of Developments in the Last Decade
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Radioaktiver Abfall ; Entsorgung ; Endlager ; Geologie
    Abstract: L’idée d’isoler de l’environnement humain les déchets radioactifs à vie longue en les stockant dans des dépôts profonds remonte à plusieurs décennies. Depuis, les recherches réalisées dans le monde ont renforcé nos connaissances et notre compréhension du fonctionnement des systèmes de stockage souterrain sur des périodes très longues. On a également bien avancé vers la réalisation de ces installations. Cependant, les programmes d’évacuation des déchets radioactifs ont subi des retards dans plusieurs pays. Ce rapport fait le tour des évolutions intervenues dans le domaine de l’évacuation au cours de la dernière décennie. Les principales sources de données de l’étude sont les réponses à un questionnaire, fournies par les organismes s’occupant de la gestion des déchets représentés au sein du Comité de la gestion des déchets radioactifs (RWMC). Ce comité regroupe des experts internationaux issus d’autorités de sûreté, d’agences de gestion de déchets, d’institutions de R-D ainsi que des organismes décisionnels
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264280540-fr
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  • 91
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    Features, Events and Processes (FEPs) for Geologic Disposal of Radioactive Waste : An International Database (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264187511
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Features, events and processes (FEPs) for geologic disposal of radioactive waste
    DDC: 551
    RVK:
    UN 5240
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Radioaktiver Abfall ; Risikoanalyse
    Abstract: Safety assessments of disposal sites for radioactive waste involve analyses of potential releases of radionuclides from the disposed waste and subsequent transport to the human environment. An important stage of assessment is the identification and documentation of all the features, events and processes (FEPs) that may be relevant to long-term safety. This report provides an international compilation of FEPs as well as a basis for selecting the FEPs that should be included in safety analyses.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264187511-en
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  • 92
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    Utilisation and Reliability of High Power Proton Accelerators : Workshop Proceedings, Mito, Japan, 13-15 October 1998 (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264181168
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (444 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Japan
    Abstract: The use of high power particle accelerators in various areas of applied nuclear science is presented with special emphasis on accelerator driven reactor systems (ADS) for transmutation of nuclear waste. National programmes for the development of spallation neutron sources are presented and the performance and reliability of existing or planned accelerators for use in ADS are discussed. Effects, such as thermal shocks and material resistance, on the reactor part of an ADS from loss of accelerator beam are discussed in greater detail.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264181168-en
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  • 93
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    Methodologies for Assessing the Economic Consequences of Nuclear Reactor Accidents (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264181472
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radiation Protection
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Méthodes d'évaluation des conséquences économiques des accidents nucléaires
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: For practical reasons, the consequences of nuclear reactor accidents are often measured in economic terms. Figures currently available, however, show significant discrepancies. For this reason, the NEA created an expert group to investigate the methodologies used in calculating the economic consequences of accidents, and the bases for such methodologies. Calculation methods were assessed according to three end uses: for compensation and liability purposes; for accident preparedness and management purposes; and for making electricity-generation choices. The group concluded that comparing numerical results is very difficult, even for estimates made from the same perspective, as they are strongly dependent on "boundary" conditions (such as the accident scenarios used, plant characteristics and amount of radioactive material released). This book provides a summary of the group’s findings and will be of interest to decision makers, experts and accident-consequence modellers.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264181472-en
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  • 94
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    Regulatory Reviews of Assessments of Deep Geologic Repositories : Lessons Learnt = Evaluation des dépôts géologiques profonds dans un contexte réglementaire : Enseignements tirés (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264082182
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.) , ill.
    DDC: 363.728963
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Integrated performance assessments (IPAs) of radioactive waste repositories deep underground are made at different stages of repository development in order, for example, to allow full-scale development, to provide feedback to R&D, and to test and develop review capability. IPA studies must be acceptable to a wide range of stakeholders and are one of the bases for dialogue amongst regulators and implementers of disposal facilities. The goal of the IPAG-2 study was to examine the experience of regulatory reviews of IPAs, from both the implementer and regulator points of view. Ten implementer and seven regulatory organisations participated. This report presents the lessons learnt from their review experiences, and provides recommendations to aid future regulatory decision making.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264082182-en-fr
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  • 95
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    Reduction of Capital Costs of Nuclear Power Plants (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264180574
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (112 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Réduction des coûts en capital des centrales nucléaires
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: The competitiveness of nuclear power plants depends largely on their capital costs that represent some 60 per cent of their total generation costs. Reviewing and analysing ways and means to reduce capital costs of nuclear power plants are essential to enhance the economic viability of the nuclear option. The report is based upon cost information and data provided by experts from NEA Member countries. It investigates the efficiency of alternative methods for reducing capital costs of nuclear units. It will provide stakeholders from the industry and governmental agencies with relevant elements in support of policy making.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264180574-en
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  • 96
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    Nuclear Education and Training: Cause for Concern ? (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264187627
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Enseignement et formation dans le domaine nucléaire; faut-il s'inquiéter ?
    RVK:
    UN 5700
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Mankind now enjoys many benefits from nuclear-related technologies. There is, however, growing concern in many OECD countries that nuclear education and training is decreasing, perhaps to problematic levels. This publication conveys the results of a pioneering survey on nuclear education and training in almost 200 organisations in 16 countries. It presents the current situation and examines causes for concern. It also provides recommendations as to the actions that governments, academia and industry must take in order to ensure that crucial present requirements are met and future options are not precluded.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264187627-en
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  • 97
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    Core Monitoring for Commercial Reactors: Improvements in Systems and Methods : Workshop Proceedings, Stockholm 4-5 October 1999 (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264181526
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (296 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Workshop on Core Monitoring for Commercial Reactors - Improvements in Systems and Methods (1999 : Stockholm) Proceedings of the Workshop on Core Monitoring for Commercial Reactors: Improvements in Systems and Methods
    DDC: 621.48/3
    RVK:
    UN 5210
    Keywords: Kernkraftwerk ; Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Nuclear Energy ; Konferenzschrift 1999 ; Kernreaktorsicherheit
    Abstract: The opening of energy markets is leading to increased competition, and the nuclear power industry must adapt if it is to meet this challenge. Internationally discussions are taking place among government authorities and electric utilities and vendors on how to deal with the rapid technical development and optimisation of nuclear fuel and its utilisation under new, more aggressive fuel management strategies. Improving reactor core monitoring systems is an important part of this process. Participants in a recent NEA workshop discussed how instrumentation, methods and models used in core monitoring can be validated or, if needed, improved and further developed to provide more reliable and detailed information on local power in the core and on other parameters indirectly affecting fuel duty. This book shows how the core monitoring system can be used to support reactor operation in normal and anticipated transient modes and to supply data used to derive initial key core parameters for transient and accident analysis.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264181526-en
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  • 98
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    Les incidences radiologiques des options de gestion du combustible nucléaire usé : Une étude comparative (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264282025
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Protection radiologique
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Radiological Impacts of Spent Nuclear Fuel Management Options; A Comparative Study
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Radiological Impacts of Spent Nuclear Fuel Management Options: A Comparative Study
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Abgebrannter Kernbrennstoff ; Radioaktive Strahlung
    Abstract: Les matières radioactives rejetées tout au long des principales étapes de la production d’énergie nucléaire peuvent avoir un effet sur la santé publique et l’environnement : il convient d’en tenir compte dans les choix à effectuer parmi les cycles du combustible. Consciente de la situation, l’Agence de l’OCDE pour l’énergie nucléaire (AEN) a réalisé une étude visant à comparer les incidences radiologiques des deux principaux cycles du combustible qui se distinguent l’un de l’autre par le retraitement ou non du combustible nucléaire usé. Après avoir comparé les effets respectifs des deux options tant à partir de modèles et d’hypothèses génériques que de données réelles, l’étude conclut que la différence entre les deux n’est pas significative. Le rapport comporte en annexe une grande quantité de données récentes compilées et évaluées par une équipe internationale d’experts.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264282025-fr
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  • 99
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    Le point sur l'évacuation des déchets radioactifs en formations géologiques (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264287631
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Geologic Disposal of Radioactive Waste in Perspective
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Radioaktiver Abfall ; Entsorgung ; Geologie
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264287631-fr
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  • 100
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    Législation nucléaire en Europe centrale et orientale et dans les NEI : Panorama 2000 (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264287662
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Legislation in Central and Eastern Europe and the NIS; 2000 Overview
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nuclear Legislation in Central and Eastern Europe and the NIS: 2000 Overview
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Osteuropa ; Atomrecht
    Abstract: Cette publication analyse la législation et la réglementation régissant les utilisations pacifiques de l’énergie nucléaire en Europe de l’Est. Elle couvre 11 pays d’Europe centrale et orientale et 11 pays des Nouveaux États indépendants. Tous les chapitres ont été rédigés selon un plan uniforme destiné à faciliter la recherche et la comparaison des informations. Cette publication continuera à faire l’objet de mises à jour régulières. Albanie Kazakhstan Arménie Lettonie Bélarus Lituanie Bosnie-Herzégovine Ouzbékistan Bulgarie Pologne Croatie République de Moldavie Estonie République slovaque Ex-République yougoslave de Macédoine République tchèque Fédération de Russie Roumanie Géorgie Slovénie Hongrie Ukraine
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264287662-fr
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