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  • 2005-2009  (204)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (204)
  • Finance and Investment  (204)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264015364
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les origines de la mondialisation financière 1880-1913
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development ; Economics
    Abstract: This study traces the roots of global financial integration in the first “modern” era of globalisation from 1880 to 1913 and can serve as a valuable tool to current-day policy dilemmas by using historical data to see which policies in the past led to enhanced international financing for development. A major conclusion is that the successful management of international financial integration depends primarily on broad institutional and political factors and financial policies, rather than simply opening or closing individual economies to the international winds. "A careful and vigorously argued monograph… an important book that future research in this area will have to take into account." – eh.net book review by Hugh Rockoff of Rutgers University.
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789264060333
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (72 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Les Principes directeurs de l’OCDE à l’intention des entreprises multinationales constituent le plus complet des instruments qui existent aujourd’hui concernant la responsabilité des entreprises et bénéficiant de l’appui des pouvoirs publics. Les gouvernements adhérents – représentant toutes les régions du monde et 85 pourcent de l’investissement direct étranger – se sont engagés à encourager les entreprises opérant sur leur territoire à respecter, partout où elles exercent leurs activités, un ensemble de principes et de normes largement reconnus qui visent à assurer de leur part un comportement responsable. Ce livret comprend le texte, les procédures de mise en œuvre et les commentaires adoptés en juin 2000, à l’occasion de la révision la plus récente des Principes.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264065017
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (211 p.)
    Series Statement: Estudios del Centro de Desarrollo
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Visible Hand of China in Latin America; (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Visible Hand of China in Latin America
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Visible Hand of China in Latin America: (Chinese version)
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development ; Trade ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: América Latina está volviendo los ojos hacia China y Asia, y éstas le corresponden. Se trata de un cambio signi­cativo: por primera vez en su historia, América Latina puede bene­ciarse no de uno, sino de tres importantes motores del desarrollo mundial. Hasta la década de los ochenta, Estados Unidos era el mayor socio comercial de la región. En los noventa, un segundo motor de desarrollo surgió con el boom de la inversión europea en América Latina. Ahora, en los albores del nuevo siglo, la creciente in‑uencia económica global de Asia, y en particular la de China, supone un potencial tercer motor de desarrollo. Este libro plantea las oportunidades y los retos que las economías latinoamericanas enfrentarán a medida que aumente la preponderancia de China en la economía mundial y en los mercados tradicionales de América Latina.
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9789264073579
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (42 p)
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This report is based on four main sources: an extensive literature review, the analysis of theanswers to a questionnaire sent to FATF and FSRB members; the results of a typology workshop andsubsequent consultation with the football sector. Results to the questionnaire were obtained in October 2008 from 25 countries, mostly European,seven South-American countries, two from Asia and Australia. The responding countries differ widely insize, role and organisation of football in society (ranging from large countries with big football leagues tosmaller nations or nations with only non-professional football). Differences in information, position andinterest in the person or organisation that provided the answers (national football association, governmentrepresentatives, national FIUs, the police or judicial authorities) needed to be taken into consideration aswell.Following the analysis of questionnaires, a workshop on money laundering and the footballsector was held in Monaco in November 2008 as part of the 2008 FATF/MONEYVAL Typologiesmeeting. This workshop was very well supported by members of the FATF, MONEYVAL andrepresentatives of other countries. The following participants were involved in the 2-day breakout sessionwhich considered issues in depth: Belgium, Brazil, Cyprus, Egmont Group, France, International OlympicCommittee (IOC), Ireland, Italy, Monaco, Norway, Russia, Slovenia, South Africa, Switzerland, theNetherlands and the United Kingdom.The study has also relied on the experience and cooperation of the private sector. Arepresentative of the IOC attended the Monaco workshop in November 2008. Consultation withrepresentatives of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) and of the Union ofEuropean Football Associations (UEFA) also took place in January and April 2009. Those representativesreceived a copy of the report and were given the opportunity to comment. All the comments of the private sector were taken into account when considered relevant.
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9789264060326
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (65 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les Principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The revised OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises were adopted by the governments of the 30 Member countries of the OECD and Argentina, Brazil and Chile on the occasion of the OECD's annual Council meeting at Ministerial level in Paris on 27 June 2000. This booklet comprises the revised text and commentary, implementation procedures and the Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises.
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 89-123
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 89-123
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Government provision of a safety net for financial institutions has been a key element of the policy response to the current crisis. In the process, existing guarantees have been expanded and new ones introduced, including, in particular, in relation to bank liabilities. Among other things, such guarantees create costs that arise as a result of potential distortions of incentives and competition. To limit such distortions it is important to specify risk-based premiums for additional government-provided guarantees, and to the extent that guarantees are priced appropriately potential distortions also should be limited. The evidence however has been mixed in this regard. The present article discusses pricing and some other selected issues related to the recent expansion of guarantees for bank liabilities.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-19
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-19
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This paper reviews the impact of ageing on private pensions, in particular on the payout phase, assesses the part that annuities can play in financing retirement, and examines the role of financial markets in facilitating the allocation of assets accumulated in defined contribution pension plans.A comprehensive set of recommendations for consideration is provided at the end of the paper.
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-42
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 47 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-42
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Good governance is increasingly recognised as an important aspect of an efficient private pension system, enhancing investment performance and benefit security. Yet, despite regulatory and industry initiatives, governance weaknesses persist across OECD and non-OECD countries.This paper highlights the main governance challenges faced by policymakers (particularly with trust-based pension systems), and draws on recent policy initiatives to propose possible solutions to strengthen governance arrangements.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-39
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 44 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-39
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Government provision of a financial safety net for banks and other financialinstitutions has been a key element of the policy response to the current financialcrisis. In the process, the design of many safety net elements, such as depositinsurance, has been redrawn in many jurisdictions. In particular, governmentsextended existing guarantees and introduced new ones. While these measures didnot address the root causes of the lack of confidence, they were neverthelesshelpful in avoiding a further accelerated loss of confidence, thus buying valuabletime.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-25
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 30 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-25
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The first section of this article presents a combined analysis of households’ financial and non-financial balance sheets across OECD countries over the period 1995-2006, based on two OECD data collections – financial balance sheet accounts and households’ financial and non-financial assets. The scope of the study mainly covers households’ gross wealth (financial, dwellings and land) and therefore does not include debt. The second section, based on the OECD households’ financial and non-financial assets database, analyses financial risks borne by households investing their savings either in investment fund shares, in life insurance reserves or in pension schemes, and how these allocations have changed and developed over time in various OECD countries.
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264044395
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (310 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Perspectives de l'OCDE sur les pensions privées 2008
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: As the role of private pension systems grows in importance, there is a need to monitor their development and review their performance in an international context, especially following the crisis in the financial markets in 2008. This first edition of the OECD Private Pensions Outlook provides essential data on assets, investments, membership, and industry structure based on the latest official statistics, as well as a framework for evaluating the trends shaping the pensions industry, based on the role of the private pensions in relation to the public pension system. It also provides comprehensive country profiles, describing private pension arrangements in individual OECD countries. This edition's special feature covers the implications for pensions and private pensions policy of the financial crisis. This publication includes StatLinks, URLs linking graphs and tables via the internet to Excel® table containing the underlying data.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-14
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 19 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-14
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The present article focuses on the so-called “asset meltdown hypothesis”, which postulates a direct link between demographic developments and the level of assetprices. In particular, proponents of this hypothesis argue, when baby boomers startentering retirement they will become net sellers of financial assets to finance retirement consumption. As subsequent generations are smaller in numbers, other things equal, this would put downward pressure on financial asset prices. Revisiting this hypothesis, there is some support for a link between demographics and financial asset prices, although the link may not be strong. A number of mitigating factors exist, so that “other things” will not be equal. A major question in this context is to what extent demographic developments and their implications for other variables affecting financial asset prices are already reflected in financial asset prices and how fast any additional pressures on financial asset prices will play themselves out.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 143-162
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 20 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 143-162
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: In the wake of a dramatic financial crisis and with the first waves of baby boomers approaching retirement we hardly need to think about how best to arrive at the pension funds' payout phase. This paper argues that there is an urgent need to raise retirement saving, to reduce defined contribution plan members' exposure to investment risks and to provide the financial industry with cheap and safe payout instruments. These challenges are also likely to call for a more active government role.
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-40
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-40
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This financial crisis, ending a period of search for yield and increased risktaking,has triggered various policy responses, ranging from more ad-hoc measures initially to more structured and co-ordinated financial sector rescue actions as the crisis evolved. Lessons drawn so far should help to devise longer-term, more encompassing and more consistent policies. Various reforms are being proposed by the financial industry as well as by official authorities and international standard-setting bodies, many of which arrive at similar conclusions regarding the causes of and remedies for the crisis. Shortcomings in risk management, including compensation schemes, governance structures, liquidity and counterparty risk, need to be addressed.
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-22
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 27 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-22
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Data to measure and analyse the increasing role of institutional investors in capital markets has been collected and published by the OECD for a number of years. This dataset is now integrated in the framework of the OECD Financial Accounts. This article presents an overview of institutional investors’ assets, their components and their development in the aggregate and by country.
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264034648
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (84 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Investment Policy Reviews; Egypt 2007
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Egypt
    Abstract: En juillet 2007, l'Égypte adhéré à la Déclaration de l’OCDE sur l’investissement international et les entreprises multinationales. Le pays a fait l’objet d’un examen complet de ses politiques à l’égard de l’investissement international par des membres de l’OCDE, en fonction des critères du Cadre d’action pour l’investissement. Cette publication présente les résultats de cet examen. L’une des principales conclusions est que les investisseurs internationaux ont réagi rapidement aux initiatives gouvernementales de réforme des politiques, en multipliant par huit les entrées d’IDE en Égypte en trois ans à peine, en diversifiant leurs opérations au-delà du secteur pétrolier pour fournir des investissements particulièrement nécessaires à un large éventail d’activités manufacturières et de services. Toutefois, l’examen révèle aussi que les réformes du climat d’investissement prennent du temps et que de nombreux défis restent à relever. Il s’agit notamment des efforts actuellement déployés pour supprimer les restrictions sectorielles inutiles à l’encontre de l’investissement, maintenir l’impulsion pour l’élargissement du programme de privatisation et encourager l’entrepreneuriat en favorisant la transparence, l’obligation de rendre des comptes et la concurrence.
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789264046016
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (95 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Investment Policy Reviews; Russian Federation 2008; Strengthening the Policy Framework for Investment
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: En 2007, les flux d’investissements internationaux de la Russie ont atteint des niveaux record qui font de ce pays l’un des principaux destinataires et émetteurs d’IDE dans le monde. La Russie pourrait accroître sa capacité d’attirer les investissements internationaux en renforçant la concurrence bénéfique et en ouvrant de nouvelles perspectives d’investissement. L’adoption par les entreprises russes de pratiques commerciales internationales normalisées peut également améliorer la réputation et la de fiabilité de la Russie en tant que destinataire et émetteur d’IDE. L’étude de la politique d’investissement énergétique de la Russie réalisée à partir du Cadre d’action pour l’investissement de l’OCDE définit différentes mesures essentielles pour faire face aux besoins d’investissement considérables du pays dans le domaine de l’énergie et surmonter les difficultés inhérentes à ce secteur.
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264054035
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (82 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Investment Policy Reviews; Peru 2008
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Peru
    Abstract: En juillet 2008, le Pérou est devenu le 41ème pays à adhérer à la Déclaration de l'OCDE sur l'investissement international et les entreprises multinationales. Cet examen, entrepris dans le cadre du processus d’adhésion du Pérou à la Déclaration de l’OCDE avec la coopération des autorités péruviennes, montre que le pays a fait des progrès importants dans la mise en place d’un régime d’investissement ouvert et transparent comprenant un nombre limité de restrictions, ce qui a permis au Pérou de compter parmi les économies les plus ouvertes. Les initiatives récentes du gouvernement ont pour objectif de poursuivre la réduction des obstacles administratifs, de simplifier et rationaliser les incitations à l’investissement et de promouvoir le comportement responsable des entreprises.
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-6
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 11 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-6
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The Tenth OECD/World Bank/IMF Annual Global Bond Market Forum highlighted that liquidity is a complex concept with different dimensions – micro liquidity vs. macro liquidity, market liquidity vs. funding liquidity, endogenous vs. exogenous liquidity, and so on. Relative liquidity (including ‘liquidity freezes or squeezes’) can best be explained by focusing on the market’s institutional structure, in particular the architecture of electronic trading platforms, the importance of OTC trading, the nature and width of the investor base, disclosure requirements, valuation methods, the role of primary dealers including market-making requirements or conventions, tax factors, and the role of issuers of government bonds and other fixed-income instruments in primary and secondary markets.
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9789264055698
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (229 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Competitiveness and Private Sector Development
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sector specific sources of competitiveness in the Western Balkans
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Branche ; Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Südosteuropa ; Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; Südosteuropa ; Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Investitionspolitik
    Abstract: The Western Balkan region benefits from a cost-competitive labour force and geographic and cultural proximity to EU markets. However, cost competitiveness as a source of differentiation is not sustainable. Cost levels are increasing gradually in some sectors, reducing firms’ profitability. In order to sustain competitiveness, the Western Balkans needs to move up the value chain, from investing in automated technology to producing higher-quality goods and enhancing its human capital. This report examines the apparel manufacturing, automotive components and business process and technology outsourcing sectors, focusing on market competitiveness factors, industry key success factors and policy recommendations.
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 127-141
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 15 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 127-141
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This article discusses responses to current financial and economic crisis by regulators, supervisorss and policy makers in the area of private pensions. These responses are examined in the light of international guidelines, best practices and recommendations to improve the design of private pensions. Policy makers are reminded that private pensions continue to play an important role in a balanced pension system, with security coming from diversity of provision.
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 11-28
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 18 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 11-28
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This article looks at the stages of crisis management and some of the different degrees of transparency on losses and risks in the US and Europe. It also compares alternative approaches to dealing with impaired assets used in the USA and Europe. Exposure to off-balance losses remains a key issue. Europe, surprisingly, has been and remains the major issuer of collateralised synthetic obligations that have been so prominent in the crisis. The capital needs of banks over the next few years is examined, and great uncertainties remain due to the unknown extent to which off-balance sheet vehicles will need to be consolidated. Finally, the requirements of longer-run reform are outlined.
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 187-195
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 9 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 187-195
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Many OECD governments are facing unprecedented challenges in the markets for bonds and bills, as a result of the explosive growth in their borrowing needs. Amidst an unusually uncertain economic outlook, the gross borrowing needs of OECD governments are expected to reach almost USD 12 trillion in 2009. The key policy issue is how to raise smoothly new funds at low cost, while also managing a rapidly growing debt stock. For the time being, several factors are offsetting the trend towards higher yields. But the risk is that when the recovery gains traction and risk aversion falls, yields will start to rise. There are already signs that issuance conditions are becoming tougher with reports of weaker demand at some recent government bond auncts. Thus far, these less successful auctions can best be interpreted as "single market events" and not as unambiguous evidence of systemic market absorption problems. Also from this perspective lowering OECD sovereign ratings is not obvious. The future could become more challenging, given that rising issuance is occurring in tandem with increasing overall debt levels. Also contingent debt is on the rise. In response, sovereign debt managers have begun to plan or implement credible medium-terms exit strategies to avoid future "crowding out" and issuance problems. Although fund raising strategies have become more flexible and somewhat more opportunistic, OECD debt management framework so as to minimise medium-term borrowing costs. The other key challenge, roll-over risk as a result of the increasing use of short-term instruments, is being addressed by OECD debt managers by rebalancing the profile of their issuance programmes by incorporating more long-term instruments.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-31
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 36 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-31
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The present article focuses on issues related to asset decumulation. In discussing these issues, a key proposition is that financial institutions are most willing and able to offer decumulation products with fixed payment promises to the extent they are able to invest in financial assets that allow them to hedge a considerable part of the risks associated with the payment promises they extend.Indeed, what is sometimes overlooked in discussions bout shifts from asset accumulation to decumulation is that the decumulation phase also involves investment challenges, especially if specific patterns of payouts such as regular payouts of fixed amounts are aimed at. Many writers have argued for some time now that pension fund managers will have difficulty implementing asset-liability matching because there are insufficient quantities of suitable assets. As it turns out, the shortfall in hedging instruments extends to more than just the “toxic” tail of longevity risk, as is commonly being argued. The analysis in this article shows that hedging interest rate risk is also not as straightforward as one may think.
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 163-184
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 22 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 163-184
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The principal purpose of this article is to analyse the trade-off between the (un)certainty in contributions on the one hand and benefits on the other that is embedded in different pension arrangements. The article employs the funding ratio (ratio of assets to liabilities) and the replacement rate (ratio of benefits to salaries) as key criteria for evaluating the risk sharing characteristics of a private pension plan from the perspective of the plan member. The stochastic simulations performed show that hybrid plans (those in between traditional DB and individual DC) appear to be more efficient and sustainable forms of risk sharing than either of the other two. Of the three main hybrid plans analysed, conditional indexation plans appear to have the greatest potential as sustainable forms of risk sharing.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 209-238
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 30 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 209-238
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Historically, the main direct contribution of exchanges to corporate governance has been listing and disclosure standards and monitoring compliance. Stock exchanges have established themselves as promoters of corporate governance recommendations for listed companies. Demutualisation and the subsequent self-listing of exchanges have spurred debate on the role of exchanges. Regulators have been concerned about conflicts of interest between exchanges' for-profit activities and their regulatory responsabilities. The conversion of exchanges to listed companies is thought to have intensified competition. And, the sharper competition has forced the question of whether there is a risk of a regulatory 'race to the bottom'. Recently, the rise of alternative trading systems (ATS), first in the United States and then in Europe have had a profound impact. Their existence has induced exchanges to cut fees and in some cases launch their own off-exchange trading platforms. The effect of ATSs on corporate governance is not clear. Two practical concerns voiced so far are, first, that trading fragmentation may reduce the transparency of the markets for corporate control and adverse consequences for price discovery. Secondly, exchanges are uneasy about the prospect of having to continue performing their traditional regulatory and other corporate-governance enhancing functions amid a shrinking revenue base.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264059221
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Infrastructures en eau et secteur privé ; Guide de l'OCDE pour l'action publique
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Private sector participation in water infrastructure
    RVK:
    Keywords: Wasserwirtschaft ; Privatwirtschaft ; Welt ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Development ; Wasserwirtschaft ; Public Private Partnership ; Wasserwirtschaft ; Public Private Partnership ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Many countries have sought the involvement of the private sector to upgrade and develop their water and sanitation infrastructure and improve the efficiency of water systems. This book provides a coherent catalogue of policy directions, including appropriate allocation of roles, risks and responsibilities, framework conditions and contractual arrangements necessary to make the best of private sector participation and to harness more effectively the capacities of all stakeholders.
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9789264073036
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La crise financière ; Réforme et stratégies de sortie
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La crise financière : Réforme et stratégies de sortie
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The financial crisis
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationaler Finanzmarkt ; Finanzkrise ; Welt ; Internationale Finanzpolitik ; Internationaler Kreditmarkt ; Finanzkrise ; Bank ; Insolvenz ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Erde ; Finanzkrise
    Abstract: The financial crisis required governments to make massive interventions in their financial systems. This book sets out priorities for reforming incentives in financial markets as well as for phasing out these emergency measures.
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9789264048751 , 9789264045743
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (241 p.) , ill.
    Edition: Fourth Edition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Définition de référence de l'OCDE des investissements directs internationaux 2008 ; Quatrième édition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OCDE Definición Marco de Inversión Extranjera Directa ; Cuarta edición
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Définition de référence de l'OCDE des investissements directs internationaux 2008 : Quatrième édition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OCDE Definición Marco de Inversión Extranjera Directa : Cuarta edición
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD benchmark definition of foreign direct investment
    RVK:
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Statistische Methode ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Direktinvestition ; Auslandsinvestition ; Statistik ; Datenerhebung ; Richtlinie
    Abstract: Foreign direct investment (FDI) is a major driver of globalisation. The OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment sets the world standard for FDI statistics. It provides a single point of reference for statisticians and users on all aspect of FDI statistics, while remaining compatible with other internationally accepted statistical standards. This edition introduces new analytical data breakdowns and statistical treatments that better reflect the realities of today’s world economy. The revised Benchmark Definition provides methods for classifying different types of FDI (e.g., mergers and acquisitions, greenfield investments) and for identifying the ultimate investor. The new edition now addresses the uses of FDI statistics, including globalisation indicators, and provides a chapter relating to the statistics on the activities of multinational enterprises.
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-42
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 47 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-42
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The present financial crisis may be added to a growing list of episodes worldwide in which financial sector problems have become systemic in nature. Many OECD countries have been affected, either directly or through the transmission of problems cross-border. Most financial crises share a number of common elements.For instance, financial innovation has often played a role in distress episodes, in many cases, having much to do with their idiosyncratic aspects. For example, structured credit products and the latest incarnation of the originate-and-distribute model of intermediation have been at the epicentre of the current crisis. It differs from other crisis episodes in having a sub-component of the residential mortgage sector as its trigger, while previous crises have more often been prompted by problems in the commercial mortgage market and with corporate clients.
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 197-208
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 12 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 197-208
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Government debt issuance procedures and policies differ across OECD jurisdictions, in particular in terms of technical standards for selling techniques, primary dealer systems and other primary market arrangements. However, the increased integration of global financial markets (including the jump in the integration of European government debt markets since the introduction of the Euro) has been an important catalyst in the standardisation of the structure and types of instruments as well as the convergence of general procedures and policies for the issuance government debt. In many countries, the ongoing credit and economic crises have prompted a review of existing issuance procedures and policies. This article provide (a) a survey of the general characteristics of government debt issuance procedures and related primary dealer (PD) arrangements in the OECD area; and (b) an evaluation of the challenges and changes generated by the impact of the turmoil in global financial markets on issuance procedures and policies.
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 61-87
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 27 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 61-87
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This report analyses the impact of failures and weaknesses in corporate governance on the financial crisis, including risk management systems and executive salaries. It concludes that the financial crisis can be to an important extent attributed to failures and weaknesses in corporate governance arrangements which did not serve their purpose to safeguard against excessive risk taking in a number of financial services companies. Accounting standards and regulatory requirements have also proved insufficient in some areas. Last but not least, remuneration systems have in a number of cases not been closely related to the strategy and risk appetite of the company and its longer term interests. The article also suggests that the importance of qualified board oversight and robust risk management is not limited to financial institutions. The remuneration of boards and senior management also remains a highly controversial issue in many OECD countries. The current turmoil suggests a need for the OECD to re-examine the adequacy of its corporate governance principles in these key areas.
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-21
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 26 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 2, p. 1-21
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This article treats some ideas and issues that are part of ongoing reflection at the OECD. They were first raised in a major research article for the Reserve Bank of Australia conference in July 2008, and benefited from policy discussion in and around that conference. One fundamental cause of the crisis was a change in the business model of banking, mixing credit with equity culture. When this model was combined with complex interactions from incentives emanating from macro policies, changes in regulations, taxation, and corporate governance, the current crisis became the inevitable result. The paper points to the need for far-reaching reform for a more sustainable situation in the future.
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 29-60
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2009, no. 1, p. 29-60
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The situation in financial markets deteriorated over the past year, but government actions have helped to avert an even bigger crisis. While some signs of recovery are on the horizon, the banking sectors in many countries are not yet on solid footing. Recent government programmes that deal with banks’ ‘toxic assets’ are welcome in this regard. But further reaching financial sector reforms such as those recently endorsed by the G20 leaders and proposed in Europe and the United States are necessary in order to establish a sound financial system.
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264076969
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (214 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement ; Inde 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als India
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Indien ; Finance and Investment ; India ; Bericht ; Indien ; Auslandsinvestition
    Abstract: This review of India's investment policy finds that India has made tremendous progress in building a policy environment to encourage investment. As a result, the country’s economy is growing more rapidly and FDI inflows have accelerated impressively. However, investment remains insufficient to meet India’s needs, particularly in infrastructure. Current efforts to strengthen and liberalise the regulatory framework for investment need to be intensified. India’s well-developed economic legislation should be implemented at an accelerated pace both at national level and right across India’s States and Union Territories. OECD Investment Policy Reviews: India charts India's progress in developing an effective policy framework to promote investment for development, especially since the acceleration of economic reform from 1991 onward. It focuses on policies towards investment, trade, competition and other elements of the business environment. Finally, it outlines some of the challenges of implementing national-level reforms at state level.
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264050921
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement ; Viet Nam 2009 ; Évaluation du Cadre d'action pour l'investissement
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD investment policy reviews
    RVK:
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Vietnam ; Finance and Investment ; Viet Nam ; Direktinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Vietnam
    Abstract: This publication presents the results of the first OECD investment policy review of Vietnam. It finds that the progress Vietnam has achieved in less than two decades in putting into place a legal framework and implementing policies that mobilise private investment, including international direct investment, to support economic growth and the prosperity of Vietnam’s citizens has been remarkable. Starting from a situation in which the economy was essentially closed to private and international investment, Vietnam is now considered to be one of the very attractive economies in the world for investment.
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264056916
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (358 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Private Pensions Outlook 2008
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Au fur et à mesure que les régimes de pensions privées gagnent en importance, il convient de suivre leur développement et d’examiner leur performance dans un contexte international, surtout depuis la crise des marchés financiers de 2008. Cette première édition des Perspectives de l’OCDE sur les pensions privées présente des données essentielles sur les actifs, les investissements, les membres et la structure de ce secteur, à partir des dernières statistiques officielles. Ce volume offre aussi un cadre d’évaluation des tendances prédominantes des pensions, en comparant les régimes privés et publics. Enfin, ces Perspectives présente des profils par pays détaillés et décrit les accords de pensions privées qui existent entre les pays de l’OCDE. Cette édition contient un dossier spécial sur les conséquences de la crise financière pour les pensions privées. Un lien dynamique (StatLink) dirige le lecteur, pour chaque tableau, vers une page web où les données correspondantes sont disponibles en format Excel®.
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9789264075542
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (105 p.)
    Series Statement: Études du Centre de Développement
    Series Statement: Études du Centre de développement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Policy Ownership and Aid Conditionality in the Light of the Financial Crisis; A Critical Review
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Policy Ownership and Aid Conditionality in the Light of the Financial Crisis: A Critical Review
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development
    Abstract: La crise économique mondiale a contraint la communauté des donneurs à reconsidérer ses positions concernant la conditionnalité de l’aide au développement. Cette étude évalue les controverses persistantes à ce sujet et dans quelle mesure les donneurs sont parvenus à contenir la tendance, constatée au cours des années 1980 et 1990, à durcir la conditionnalité de l’aide. Le rapport vérifie si l'aide se répartit effectivement selon les critères de gouvernance et de développement invoqués par la communauté des donneurs. Il montre à quel point la crise financière compromet de plus en plus le respect des procédures habituelles de la conditionnalité. À la lumière du caractère inapplicable des procédures existantes, il propose des stratégies visant à réduire le nombre des critères de conditionnalité et à renforcer l'appropriation des politiques d'aide par les pays bénéficiaires.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Policy ownership and aid conditionality in the light of the financial crisis : a critical review
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264054073
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La concurrence sur les marchés de l'industrie nucléaire
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Market competition in the nuclear industry
    Keywords: Nuklearindustrie ; Wettbewerb ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Nuclear Energy ; Forschungsbericht ; Forschungsbericht ; OECD ; Kernenergiewirtschaft ; Internationaler Wettbewerb
    Abstract: Nuclear power plants require a wide variety of specialised equipment, materials and services for their construction, operation and fuelling. There has been much consolidation and retrenchment in the nuclear industry since the 1980s, with the emergence of some large global nuclear companies. Electricity market liberalisation in many OECD countries has meanwhile placed nuclear plant operators under increased competitive pressure. These structural changes in both the producer and consumer sides of the nuclear industry have had implications for the level of competition in the nuclear engineering and fuel cycle markets. With renewed expansion of nuclear power now anticipated, this study examines competition in the major nuclear industry sectors at present, and how this may change with a significant upturn in demand.
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9789264056404
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (57 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Competition Law and Policy in El Salvador; Peer Review
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Competition Law and Policy in El Salvador: Peer Review
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; El Salvador
    Abstract: La primera ley de competencia de El Salvador entró en vigor el 1 de enero de 2006. La ley, con algunas enmiendas importantes de 2007, es sólida en la mayoría de los aspectos. Emplea estándares de aplicación que son coherentes con las mejores prácticas en la comunidad de competencia mundial. Provee la nueva agencia de competencia, la Superintendencia de Competencia, con las facultades que necesita para aplicar la ley de forma efectiva. En menos de tres años El Salvador ha tenido un buen, mejor dicho, excelente comienzo. Su experiencia puede servir, de alguna forma al menos, como ejemplo de una manera efectiva de comenzar a implementar una política de competencia...
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9789264045989
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement ; Fédération de Russie 2008 ; Renforcer le cadre politique pour l'investissement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement : Fédération de Russie 2008 : Renforcer le cadre politique pour l'investissement
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Russian Federation
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Russland ; Finance and Investment ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Direktinvestition ; Investitionspolitik
    Abstract: In 2007, Russia’s international investment flows reached record highs, making Russia one of the world’s largest recipients and sources of FDI. Russia's potential for attracting even more international investment can be improved by strengthening beneficial competition and offering additional opportunities for investment. Disseminating international standard business practices among Russian firms can also boost the country's creditworthiness and reliability as inward and outward investors. Based on the OECD's Policy Framework for Investment, the overview of Russia's energy investment policy identifies different policies critical for coping with the country's huge energy investment needs and sector-specific challenges.
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264053755
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (81 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement ; Pérou 2008
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Peru
    Keywords: Investitionspolitik ; Peru ; Finance and Investment ; Peru ; Peru ; Direktinvestition
    Abstract: In July 2008, Peru became the 41st country to adhere to the OECD Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises. This review, undertaken as a part of Peru's adherence process, show the country's achievements in establishing an open and transparent regime with a limited number of restrictions, enabling Peru to rank among the most open economies. Recent government initiatives seek to further reduce administrative barriers to investment, streamline and simplify investment incentives, and promote responsible business conduct practices.
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264053717
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (288 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als China
    Keywords: Investitionspolitik ; Auslandsinvestition ; Unternehmensethik ; China ; Finance and Investment ; China, People’s Republic ; China ; Direktinvestition
    Abstract: This Investment Policy Review of China 2008 reviews Chinese government efforts to encourage responsible business conduct against the backdrop of recent regulatory changes and China's increasing outward investment. It assesses the extent to which China's legal and regulatory framework for investment has been improved since the 2006 Review, including new cross-border mergers and acquisitions regulations, the Enterprise Income Tax Law, the Property Rights Law, the Anti-Monopoly Law and the latest revision of the Catalogue for Guiding Foreign Investment Industries. It also evaluates recent improvements in China's FDI statistics. The 2008 Review provides a unique account of the motivations for and development of China's outward direct investment in recent years in light of government policy encouraging companies to "go global", focusing in particular on Chinese investment in Africa. It provides the first detailed and comprehensive analysis of the government's efforts to encourage responsible business conduct by enterprises in China and by Chinese enterprises operating abroad, highlighting in particular efforts to strengthen environmental protection and respect for core labour standards by enterprises. The Review concludes with an evaluation of enterprises' environmental conduct in China.
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789264048829
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (540 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Complementary and private pensions throughout the world 2008
    DDC: 331.252
    RVK:
    Keywords: Altersvorsorge ; Private Altersvorsorge ; Welt ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Rentenversicherung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: This comprehensive and in-depth reference work provides detailed information on the regulation and supervision of voluntary and mandatory occupational pension plans as well as mandatory private pension schemes in 58 countries worldwide. Designed to be complementary to Social Security Programs throughout the World, each country profile contains information on the regulatory framework, the institutional framework, coverage, financing/investment, benefit provisions, benefit adjustment, disability, protection of rights, and regulatory and supervisory authorities. Complementary and Private Pensions Throughout the World 2008 is the product of the cooperative efforts of three key international bodies in the area of pensions: the International Social Security Association (ISSA), the International Organisation of Pension Supervisors (IOPS) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264046399
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (158 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Améliorer l'éducation financière et la sensibilisation aux questions d'assurance et de pensions privées
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Improving financial education and awareness on insurance and private pensions
    RVK:
    Keywords: Private Altersvorsorge ; Versicherung ; Bildung ; Wissen ; Finanzwissen ; Privater Haushalt ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Finance and Investment ; Versicherung ; Rentenalter ; OECD-Länder ; Altersversorgung ; Finanzplanung ; Finanzierung ; Ökonomische Bildung ; Private Altersversorgung ; Risikobewusstsein ; Rentenversicherung ; Finanzdienstleistung ; Versicherung ; Private Altersversorgung ; Wissen ; Informationsbedarf ; Verbrauchererziehung
    Abstract: Individuals face an increasing variety of financial risks, including those linked to their retirement. At the same time, public funding has been reduced or is strictly limited in most countries. Private insurance and pensions products therefore play an essential role in social and financial protection. Yet the public might have a low level of awareness of the risks they are exposed to, and lack literacy, knowledge and skills in insurance and private pensions questions and products. This volume addresses these topical and unexplored issues as part of the ongoing OECD project on financial education. After a comprehensive analysis of the main challenges and presentation of practical solutions, the book highlights good practices, endorsed by OECD governments, to enhance awareness and education on risk, insurance and private pensions issues.
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264044630
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Monetary policies and inflation targeting in emerging economies
    RVK:
    Keywords: Geldpolitik ; Inflationssteuerung ; Schwellenländer ; Währungspolitik ; Kreditpolitik ; Geldpolitik ; Finanzpolitik ; Emerging Market ; Inflation ; Deflation ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Stabilität ; Finance and Investment ; Erde ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Schwellenländer ; Geldpolitik ; Inflationsbekämpfung
    Abstract: This book, based on the proceedings of a conference organised by the OECD and the Bank of England's Centre for Banking Studies, examines cross-country issues related to the conduct of monetary policy in emerging markets and the role of inflation targeting in improving macroeconomic performance. it includes both cross-country analysis and country-specific case studies. Countries covered include Brazil, Chile, Colombia, the Czech Republic, Indonesia, Mexico, South Africa and Turkey.
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264045590
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (114 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Financer le développement 2008 ; Appropriation ?
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development
    Abstract: Aid alone cannot finance development; bringing in fresh sources of finance is essential. The emergence of a multiplicity of new financing options is good news for developing countries, but it also raises challenges. The authors in this stimulating book assess the changing landscape of international development finance from a global and a developing-country perspective. The result is a vast range of policy implications for donor and recipient alike. In an easily digestible format, the book provides recommendations on innovative policy mechanisms, on the use of both grants and loans in development finance, and on the challenges of managing diverse financial flows at country-level.
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  • 48
    ISBN: 9789264042032
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (308 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. International investment law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Understanding concepts and tracking innovations
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationales Investitionsrecht ; Finance and Investment ; Auslandsinvestition ; Internationales Wirtschaftsrecht
    Abstract: International investment agreements set ground rules for how host governments treat foreign investors. This companion volume to International Investment Perspectives provides an unparalleled source of information on four key issues: the definition of investor and investment; the interpretation of umbrella clauses in investment agreements; coverage of environmental, labour and anti-corruption issues; and the interaction between investment and services chapters in selected regional trade agreements.
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2008, no. 1, p. 117-132
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 16 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 1, p. 117-132
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs) are pools of assets owned and managed directly or indirectly by governments to achieve national objectives. These funds have raised concerns about: i) financial stability; ii) corporate governance and iii) political interference and protectionism. At the same time governments have formed other large pools of capital to finance public pension systems, i.e. Public Pension Reserve Funds (PPRFs). SWFs are set up to diversify and improve the return on foreign exchange reserves or commodity revenue, and to shield the domestic economy from fluctuations in commodity prices. PPRFs are set up to contribute to financing pay-as-you-go pension plans. The total of SWF pools is estimated at around USD 2.6 trillion in 2006/7, and is getting bigger rapidly, owing to current exchange rate policies and oil prices. The total amount for PPRFs is even larger, around USD 4.4 trillion in 2006/7, if the US Trust Fund is included (USD 2.2 trillion if excluded). SWFs and PPRFs share some characteristics, hence give rise to similar concerns. However, their objectives, investment strategies, sources of funding and transparency requirements differ. There is concern about strategic and political objectives of SWFs, and their impact on exchange rates and asset prices. But SWFs also provide mechanisms for breaking up concentrations of portfolios that increase risk. Enhancing governance and transparency of SWFs is important, but such considerations have to be weighed against commercial objectives.
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2008, no. 1, p. 55-79
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 1, p. 55-79
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: One specific aspect of financial safety nets that has been in the spotlight of late is deposit insurance. As events in markets are still unfolding, it is too soon to draw definitive conclusions regarding the effects of the crisis and the adequacy of financial safety nets, including deposit insurance arrangements. Nonetheless, preliminary suggestions for policy are emerging and the article singles out four areas for special attention. First, as regards coverage, deposit insurance systems with low levels of coverage and/or partial insurance may not be effective in preventing bank runs. Second, for an explicit deposit insurance system to be effective, depositors need to understand the extent of and limits to existing deposit protection schemes. Third, when different institutions are entrusted with responsibilities that are relevant in a crisis situation, ex ante arrangements delimiting the scope of the different responsibilities as well as the respective powers may not be sufficient to ensure co-ordination that is as close and smooth as needed. Fourth, the question as to whether a specific bankruptcy regime for banks is needed remains an important issue.
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  • 51
    ISBN: 9789264056145
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (50 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Derecho y Política de la Competencia en El Salvador ; Examen inter-pares
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Derecho y Política de la Competencia en El Salvador : Examen inter-pares
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; El Salvador
    Abstract: El Salvador’s first competition law took effect on 1 January 2006. The law, following some important amendments in 2007, is sound in most respects. It employs enforcement standards that are consistent with best practices in the worldwide competition community. It provides the new competition agency, La Superintendencia de Competencia (Superintendency) with the powers that it needs to enforce the law effectively. In less than three years El Salvador is off to a good – one might say excellent – start. Its experience can serve, in some ways at least, as an example of an effective way to begin to implement a competition policy...
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264052826
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (316 p.)
    Series Statement: Private Sector Development in the Middle East and North Africa
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making reforms succeed
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Investitionspolitik ; MENA-Staaten ; Investition ; Private Investition ; Direktinvestition ; Finance and Investment ; Mittlerer Osten ; Naher Osten ; Nordafrika ; Investitionsförderung ; Wirtschaftsförderung
    Abstract: This publication highlights key outcomes of the work of the MENA-OECD Investment Programme from 2005-2007, including reforms achieved to date in investment policies and promotion, corporate governance, financial-sector development, and tax policies. It also contains information on the Programme’s activities, highlighting business-climate developments in MENA countries. The MENA-OECD Investment Programme was created to facilitate a peer dialogue focused on investment policy reform in co-operation with OECD members.
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9789264045231
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (206 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; Albania ; Bosnia and Herzegovina ; Croatia ; Kosovo ; Montenegro ; North Macedonia ; Serbia ; Westbalkan ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Europäische Union Europäische Charta für Kleinunternehmen
    Abstract: Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are the backbone of Western Balkan economies but until recently received relatively little attention from policy makers. Governments focused on consolidating macroeconomic stabilisation and the restructuring and privatisation of large companies. The adoption in 2003 of the European Charter for Small Enterprises contributed to a change in policy perspective. The SME Policy Index 2007 presents the first comprehensive and comparative assessment of progress made in implementing the Charter. The assessment is based on the SME Policy Index, an analytical tool designed by the OECD Investment Compact and the European Commission, and uses collaborative benchmarking to measure progress in the ten dimensions of the Charter: • Education and training for entrepreneurship • Cheaper and faster start-up • Better legislation and regulation • Availability of skills • Improving online access for tax filing and company registration • Getting more out of the single market • Taxation and financial matters • Strengthening the technological capacity of small enterprises • Successful e-business models and top class business support • Developing stronger, more effective representation of small enterprises Governments of the region have already started to take action based on the results of the report through the creation in April 2007 of a South East European Investment Committee which aims to develop detailed guidelines on how to implement reforms in priority areas including the SME environment. Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, FYR Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and UNMIK/Kosovo are assessed in this report. A second SME Policy evaluation will be conducted and published in 2009.
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2008, no. 1, p. 81-113
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 1, p. 81-113
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Traditionally, bond insurers have provided guarantees of payments on municipal bonds, where defaults have been very limited. But since the late 1990s they have become increasingly involved as guarantors of elements of various structured financial products: in particular, the credit enhancements provided by these entities have played an important role in making securities based on sub-prime loans attractive to a wide range of investors. It is this trend change in their activity that has become the focal point in concerns about the health of these entities that have grown during the financial turbulence. The note identifies three policy issues that arise in the context of the current challenges facing these entities and it draws some preliminary findings. First, while concerns regarding the potential financial stability implications of further downgrades and/or failures of some of these companies have ebbed somewhat from their peaks in early 2008, the situation still bears monitoring. Second, current developments raise questions regarding the role of financial guarantors in specific financial market segments. In this context, there appears to be a public interest in the continued availability of guarantees on payments on municipal bonds. Private solutions seem to be forthcoming. Third, transparency of the financial guarantee insurance sector is limited. In this context, the performance of credit rating agencies in providing guidance for investors regarding the quality of the guarantees provided by financial guarantors appears to have been uneven.
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2008, no. 1, p. 9-28
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 20 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 1, p. 9-28
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This article examines the recent financial market turmoil, contagion risks and policy responses. It begins by looking at the origins of the crisis, then considers the impact of the crisis on markets and the financial sector, and concludes by offering some policy lessons from the downturn.
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2008, no. 1, p. 133-161
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 1, p. 133-161
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Many countries around the world are partly prefunding their otherwise pay-as-you-go (PAYG) financed social security systems by establishing or further developing existing public pension reserve funds (PPRFs). Most OECD countries have put in place internal and external governance mechanisms and investment controls to ensure the sound management of these funds and better isolate them from undue political influence. These structures and mechanisms are in line with OECD standards of good pension fund governance and investment management. In particular, the requirements of accountability, suitability and transparency are broadly met by these reserve funds. However, some specific details of the funds’ governance and investment management could be improved in a few countries, such as enhancing the expertise in the funds’ governing boards and constraining discretionary interventions by government. Such reforms will ultimately raise the long-term investment performance of the funds and the solvency of social security systems.
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264044012
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Financing Development; Aid and Beyond
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development
    Abstract: L’aide à elle seule ne suffit pas à financer le développement : il est essentiel de trouver de nouvelles sources. L’émergence récente d’un large éventail d’options de financement est donc une bonne nouvelle pour les pays en développement, mais elle pose également des défis. Les auteurs de cet ouvrage stimulant font le point sur la nouvelle « architecture » du financement international du développement, dans une perspective mondiale, mais aussi du point de vue des pays en développement. Les implications de cette évolution sont nombreuses, aussi bien pour les politiques des donateurs que pour celles des bénéficiaires. Cet ouvrage accessible présente des recommandations pour la sélection des mécanismes innovants de financement, la combinaison optimale des dons et des prêts pour financer le développement, et pour surmonter les difficultés de gérer des flux financiers émanant de sources multiples au niveau des pays.
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264042834
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (142 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Public-Private Partnerships; In Pursuit of Risk Sharing and Value for Money
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: L’usage optimal des deniers publics dans la fourniture de services par les administrations est un sujet important et ce débat est toujours d’actualité. Cet ouvrage présente dix « bonnes pratiques » illustrant les questions que doit se poser tout pays souhaitant s’engager dans un partenariat public-privé (PPP). On citera notamment la faisabilité financière des PPP, l’optimisation des ressources, la notation des PPP dans le budget et leur traitement comptable, les engagements (conditionnels ou explicites) et les questions de réglementation et de gouvernance institutionnelle. L’ouvrage aborde également des sujets aussi essentiels que le risque – politique autant que financier – et la juste mesure de la performance d’un PPP afin de s’assurer qu’il sert bien la société. En s’appuyant sur des exemples nationaux de pays membres et non membres de l’OCDE, cet ouvrage aidera les administrations et le public à mieux cerner ce mécanisme complexe et son impact sur les finances publiques et sur la définition des frontières entre l’État et le marché.
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  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264054097
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (134 p.)
    Series Statement: Développement de l'énergie nucléaire
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Market Competition in the Nuclear Industry
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Les équipements, matériaux et services nécessaires pour la construction, l'exploitation et l'alimentation en combustible des centrales nucléaires sont aussi nombreux que variés. L'industrie nucléaire a, depuis les années 80, connu de nombreuses fusions et consolidations et vu naître quelques grands groupes mondiaux. En outre, l'ouverture des marchés de l'électricité de nombreux pays de l'OCDE accentue la pression concurrentielle sur les exploitants de centrales nucléaires. Les changements structurels, qui ont marqué les producteurs comme les consommateurs du secteur nucléaire, se sont répercutés sur le niveau de la concurrence sur les marchés de l'ingénierie nucléaire et du cycle du combustible. Alors que se profile une reprise du nucléaire, la présente publication analyse la situation de la concurrence dans les principaux secteurs de l'industrie nucléaire ainsi que son évolution possible si la demande augmente de façon significative.
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264046733
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (142 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les partenariats public-privé ; Partager les risques et optimiser les ressources
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Public-private partnerships
    DDC: 658.4058
    RVK:
    Keywords: Öffentlich-private Partnerschaft ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Public Private Partnership ; OECD
    Abstract: The debate about how to achieve value for money in the delivery of government services is ongoing. Increasingly, public services are being produced, procured and delivered to citizens by public-private partnerships. This book highlights ten good practices, summarising what countries should consider before entering into public-private partnerships (PPPs). These include affordability, value for money, budget scoring and accounting treatment, dealing with liabilities (contingent or explicit), and regulatory and institutional governance issues. The book also discusses the important questions of risk – both financial and political – and of how to measure the performance of a public-private partnership to ensure its continued value to society. Drawing upon country examples within and outside the OECD area, this book will help governments and the public to come to grips with this complex mechanism and its impact on public finances as well as on the definition of the boundaries between the state and the market.
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264041516
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Series Statement: Policy Issues in Insurance no.12
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Financial management of large-scale catastrophes
    DDC: 363.34
    RVK:
    Keywords: Katastrophe ; Finanzierung ; Humanitäre Hilfe ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Naturkatastrophe ; Katastrophenhilfe ; Finanzierung ; Finanzmanagement
    Abstract: Dramatic events, such as the earthquake that struck China’s Sichuan Province in 2008 and the devastation caused by Hurricane Katrina in the United States in 2005, have brought the financial management of catastrophic risks once again to the forefront of the public policy agenda globally. To address these issues and develop sound policies, the OECD has established an International Network on the Financial Management of Large-Scale Catastrophes. This publication supports the ongoing activities of the Network. This book contains three reports focusing on different institutional approaches to the financial management of large-scale catastrophes in selected OECD and non-OECD countries, the role of risk mitigation and insurance in reducing the impact of natural disasters, and the importance of strategic leadership in the management of non-conventional crises.
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2008, no. 1, p. 197-219
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 1, p. 197-219
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The objective of this study is to analyse what the quantitative funding requirements for pension funds with defined benefit plans would be, if Solvency II (based on the QIS 3 methodology) would be applied. Also possible extensions of the Solvency II methodology that seem necessary in order to reflect the specifics of pension funds will be discussed.
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2008, no. 1, p. 223-235
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 13 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 1, p. 223-235
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The Ninth OECD/World Bank/IMF Annual Global Bond Market Forum held on 22-23 May 2007 in Paris, France, highlighted that there has been very sharp growth in the use of derivative instruments in both mature and emerging market countries. The use of derivative instruments is helping public debt managers in their portfolio management operations and in supporting market development. Several institutional and structural impediments, however, remain toward the more active use of derivative products. Most developed market debt managers use derivative instruments for debt management purposes, while this is the case for only a handful of emerging markets. Several emerging markets, though, are taking steps towards developing the legal environment necessary to support derivative markets, and are addressing the challenges posed by illiquidity of the underlying cash market, deficiencies in prudential regulation, and restrictions on market participation.
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264046757
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Etudes du Centre de Développement
    Series Statement: Études du Centre de développement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Financing Development 2008; Whose Ownership?
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development
    Abstract: L’aide ne saurait à elle seule financer le développement, c’est pourquoi il est essentiel de trouver de nouvelles sources de financement. L’apparition d’une multitude de nouveaux instruments et canaux est une bonne nouvelle pour les pays en développement mais elle pose aussi des problèmes. Les auteurs de cet ouvrage stimulant analysent le contexte nouveau du financement international du développement en se plaçant dans une perspective globale ainsi que du point de vue des pays en développement. Il ressort de leur réflexion un large éventail de conséquences tant pour les donneurs que pour les bénéficiaires. Dans une présentation aisément compréhensible, cet ouvrage fournit des recommandations sur les mécanismes novateurs, l’utilisation des dons et des prêts dans le cadre du financement international et les difficultés qu’il y a à gérer la complexité des flux financiers au niveau des pays.
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2008, no. 1, p. 29-53
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 1, p. 29-53
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The paper revises our previous USD 300 bn estimate for mortgage related losses to a range of USD 350-420 bn. In doing this the paper explicitly rejects the previous approach based on implied defaults from ABX pricing, because these prices are affected by illiquidity and extreme volatility; they will likely lead to misleading estimates of losses. Instead it builds a proper default model approach and allows for recovery of collateral via house sales over time. The paper separates out the losses due to commercial banks in the US, and goes on to look at the implied deleveraging required to meet capital standards. It could take 6-12 months for banks to offset losses via earnings alone, depending on Fed rate cuts and the dividend policy of banks. Since even more capital than this is required if banks were to expand their balance sheets, the paper looks at possibilities for capital injections from groups like sovereign wealth funds; and it also looks at a novel plan for the use of public money with an RTC-style approach and the issue of zero coupon bonds. Finally the paper looks at the issues of moral hazard, the likely size of the impact in Europe and Asia and non-bank corporate leverage.
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2008, no. 1, p. 163-196
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 34 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2008, no. 1, p. 163-196
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This paper provides a description of the risk sharing features of pension plan design in selected OECD and non-OECD countries and how they correspond with the funding rules applied to pension funds. In addition to leading to a better understanding of differences in funding rules across countries with developed pension fund systems, the study considers the trend towards risk-based regulation. While the document does not enter the debate over the application of riskbased quantitative funding requirements to pension funds (as under Basel II or Solvency II), it identifies the risk factors that should be evaluated and considered in a comprehensive risk-based regulatory approach, whether prescriptive or principles-based. The three main risk factors identified are the nature of risks and the guarantees offered under different plans designs, the extent to which benefits are conditional and can be adjusted, and the extent to which contributions may be raised to cover any funding gap. In addition, the strength of the guarantee or covenant from the sponsoring employer(s) and of insolvency guarantee arrangements should be carefully assessed when designing funding requirements.
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264034075
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Performance Budgeting in OECD Countries
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Performance Budgeting in OECD Countries; (Japanese version)
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage examine les expériences de huit pays (Australie, Canada, Corée, Danemark, États-Unis, Pays-Bas, Royaume-Uni, Suède) qui ont intégré des informations sur la performance à leur processus budgétaire au cours des dix dernières années. Ces informations sont-elles réellement utilisées dans la prise de décision budgétaire ? De quelle façon le sont-elles ? Quels sont les liens entre ressources et résultats ? L’efficacité, l’efficience et la performance du secteur public s’en sont-elles trouvées améliorées ? Quels enseignements tirer des expériences des pays dans ce domaine ? Cet ouvrage présente des lignes directrices et des recommandations pour adapter les systèmes budgétaires à l’utilisation d’informations sur la performance.
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  • 68
    ISBN: 9789282101896
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transport Infrastructure Investment; Options for Efficiency
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Transport
    Abstract: Les transports terrestres jouent un rôle crucial dans presque toutes les activités sociales et économiques. La fourniture et l'entretien des infrastructures nécessitent des ressources considérables. C'est pourquoi il est essentiel de les aborder selon les modalités les plus efficaces et rentables possibles. De nombreuses options peuvent être envisagées pour la fourniture des infrastructures de transport terrestre : ministères et organismes publics, partenariats public-privé (PPP), entreprises publiques, sociétés privées à but non lucratif ou privatisation pure et simple. Il existe également plusieurs moyens de financer ces infrastructures, notamment la tarification de l’utilisation, les subventions, les emprunts publics ou le financement privé. Ce rapport passe en revue les principes clés que les gouvernements doivent prendre en considération dans leurs décisions relatives aux modalités de mise à disposition et de financement des infrastructures de transport terrestre, avec l'objectif de répondre aux besoins de la société et d'utiliser au mieux les ressources publiques. Il examine également les questions clés qui doivent être résolues pour faire davantage appel aux capacités de financement et au savoir-faire du secteur privé.
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  • 69
    ISBN: 9789264034129
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (36 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles for Private Sector Participation in Infrastructure
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Cette publication a pour but d’aider les gouvernements désireux d’œuvrer avec des partenaires privés pour financer et réaliser des projets d’infrastructure dans des domaines revêtant une importance vitale pour l’économie.
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  • 70
    ISBN: 9789264034013
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The purpose of this study is to assess the role of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Croatia. The main characteristics of FDI in that country are described, along with its impacts on employment, fiscal revenues and trade. The study first looks at Croatia’s balance of payments statistics, compiled by the Croatian National Bank. Croatia has attracted a relatively significant amount of FDI, especially when FDI per capita statistics are compared with those of its neighbours. Reinvested earnings as a percentage of FDI have also increased in the past few years. However, most FDI has been concentrated in the services sector, especially financial services and retail andwholesale trade, reflecting foreign investor interest in the domestic market. Moreover, while greenfield FDI was higher than acquisition-related FDI in 2003-05, only 10% of manufacturing FDI was greenfield...
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264034051
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (222 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La budgétisation axée sur la performance dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Performance Budgeting in OECD Countries; (Japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Performance budgeting in OECD countries
    RVK:
    Keywords: Haushaltsplanung ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Haushaltsaufstellung ; Leistungsbewertung ; Effizienzkriterium ; Geschichte 1996-2006 ; Output-orientierte Budgetierung
    Abstract: This book reviews the experiences of eight OECD countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Korea, Netherlands, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States) which have developed and used performance information in the budget process over the past ten years. It examines whether performance information is actually used in budgetary decision making. If so, how? What are the links between resources and results? What impact has there been on improving efficiency, effectiveness and performance? What lessons have been learned from country experiences in applying this approach over a number of years? This book offers guidelines and recommendations on adapting budget systems to promote the use of performance information.
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264038332
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (280 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Asian insolvency systems
    RVK:
    Keywords: Insolvenz ; Asien ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Asien ; Insolvenzrecht
    Abstract: As Asian markets are now increasingly integrated in the world economy their domestic insolvency systems need to meet the expectations of international investors and lenders. Many Asian jurisdictions are responding by reforming insolvency laws, introducing new procedures and strengthening institutions, but others are much less active. This conference proceedings includes papers showing how far various Asian countries have come in building effective and predictable insolvency systems and shows to what extent their systems provide confidence to investors and lenders.
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  • 73
    ISBN: 9789264034105
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principes de l'OCDE pour la participation du secteur privé aux Infrastructures
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The OECD Principles for Private Sector Participation in Infrastructure aim to help governments work with private-sector partners to finance and bring to fruition infrastructure projects in areas of vital economic importance, such as transport, water and power supply and telecommunications. These Principles offer authorities a checklist of policy issues to consider in ensuring that citizens get the services they need at a fair cost and the private-sector partners obtain viable returns.
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 107-128
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 27 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 107-128
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This paper examines how uncertainty regarding future mortality and life expectancy outcomes, i.e. longevity risk, affects employer-provided defined benefit (DB) private pension plans liabilities. For this purpose, it examines the different approaches that private pension plans follow in practice when incorporating longevity risk in their actuarial calculations. Unfortunately, most pension funds do not fully account for future improvements in mortality and life expectancy. The paper then presents estimations of the range of increase in the net present value of annuity payments for a theoretical DB pension fund. Finally, the paper discusses several policy issues on how to deal with longevity risk emphasising the need for a common approach. In this regard, it argues, following Antolin (2007), that to assess uncertainty and associated risks adequately, a stochastic approach to model mortality and life expectancy is preferable because it permits to attach probabilities to different forecasts.
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  • 75
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 11-25
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 16 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 11-25
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Over the summer, financial markets weakened substantially as some of the risks that had built up during a period of easy financing, in particular in the housing market, materialised. Volatility has increased, and while equity markets have regained strength, tensions remain on credit markets....
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  • 76
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 93-131
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 39 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 93-131
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This report addresses the issue of how some institutional investors in Latin America have been working to encourage better corporate governance in the companies in which they invest, and what further policy initiatives and practices may be desirable to enhance their role as a force for better governance in the region. It provides a brief overview of 1) consensus recommendations on the role of institutional investors as active and informed owners agreed by the Latin American Roundtable on Corporate Governance and in the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance; 2) the Latin American context, including market characteristics and the size and make-up of the institutional investor sector in each of the participating countries; 3) country legal and regulatory frameworks impacting on how Latin American institutional investors behave; 4) challenges and promising practices identified in separately developed country reports focusing on experience in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru; 5) issues for further recommendations; and 6) conclusions.
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  • 77
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 177-189
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 18 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 177-189
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Retail borrowing programmes are one component of government debt issuance in both OECD and non-OECD countries. These programmes take a variety of forms and often exist to satisfy a number of objectives. In some jurisdictions, they play a significant funding role. Even in countries where retail borrowing programmes play a small role, they are in many cases politically important because they satisfy primarily social objectives. In recent years, some OECD countries have begun to reconsider their retail borrowing programmes. Shrinking borrowing requirements in a number of countries have led to priority being put on maintaining liquid wholesale markets. Other countries continue to see benefits from their retail borrowing programmes and use them as a significant and stable source of funding. These governments are often innovative at finding ways to drive down administration costs, such as through the use of new electronic distribution channels and total dematerialisation of securities.
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  • 78
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 201-238
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 38 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 201-238
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The demand for long-dated bonds has increased, driven by stricter asset-liability matching regulations governing pension funds, new international accounting standards, as well as new risk-based regulations for insurance companies. In several countries, pension funds and insurance companies are important investors in long-dated bonds. Projections of rapidly ageing and longer-living populations in most OECD countries indicate that the demand for ultra-long paper is poised to grow further. Governments in several OECD countries have responded to that demand, by starting or re-introducing the issuance of very long (20 to 30 years) and ultra-long (30 years and longer) bonds, provided that the issuance of those bonds is consistent with the cost-risk objectives of the minimisation of borrowing cost subject to a preferred level of risk. Consequently, there has been an increase in the supply of (ultra-)long bonds as a percentage of total bonds outstanding in many markets. An important consideration for issuers is that pension funds and insurance companies are to an important degree buy-and-hold investors. This may lead to illiquid markets in long-dated paper when the ongoing supply of (ultra-)long government bonds remains below a certain critical level, resulting in higher government borrowing costs than paper issued in liquid markets. From a medium-term strategic issuers’ perspective, a liquid market in (ultra-)long bonds requires substantial and regular issues by government debt managers. Changes in regulatory standards and the adoption of new international reporting standards have increased the focus on liability-driven investing by pension funds. The study concludes that it is likely that there will be some re-allocation of the assets of many pension funds and insurance companies toward (ultra-)long bonds. However, views differ as to the pace and magnitude of such a re-allocation.résumé La gestion de la dette publique et l’évolution du marché des titres d’État à (ultra) long terme La demande d’obligations à échéances éloignées a augmenté, sous l’effet de plusieurs facteurs : durcissement de la réglementation relative à la congruence des actifs et des passifs applicables aux fonds de pension, nouvelles normes comptables internationales et nouvelles réglementations fondées sur les risques pour les sociétés d’assurance. Dans plusieurs pays, les fonds de pension et les sociétés d’assurance sont de gros investisseurs en obligations à échéances éloignées. Les projections faisant état d’un vieillissement rapide des populations et de l’allongement de l’espérance de vie dans la plupart des pays de l’OCDE indiquent que la demande de titres à ultra long terme ne peut que s’accroître encore. Les gouvernements de plusieurs pays de l’OCDE réagissent à cette demande en introduisant ou réintroduisant des émissions de titres à très long terme (20 à 30 ans) et à ultra long terme (30 ans et plus), dès lors que ces émissions sont cohérentes avec leurs objectifs ‘coût-risque’ de minimisation du coût d’emprunt pour un niveau de risque préféré. On a donc assisté sur de nombreux marchés à une augmentation de l’offre d’obligations à (ultra) long terme en pourcentage de l’encours total d’obligations. Considération importante pour les émetteurs, les fonds de pension et les sociétés d’assurance sont dans une large mesure des investisseurs qui suivent une politique de type « acheter pour conserver ». Cela peut conduire à des marchés illiquides des titres à échéances éloignées lorsque l’offre de titres d’État à (ultra) long terme reste inférieure à un certain seuil critique, ce qui accroît les coûts d’emprunt des pouvoirs publics par rapport aux titres émis sur des marchés liquides. Du point de vue des émetteurs ayant une stratégie à moyen terme, un marché liquide des obligations à (ultra) long terme suppose des émissions substantielles et régulières de la part des gestionnaires de la dette publique. L’évolution des normes réglementaires et l’adoption des nouvelles normes de communication financière ont accru la tendance des fonds de pension à orienter leurs investissements en fonction de leurs engagements. Selon les conclusions de l’étude, on assistera probablement à une certaine réallocation des actifs de nombreux fonds de pension et sociétés d’assurance au profit des obligations à (ultra) long terme. Néanmoins, les avis divergent quant au rythme et à l’ampleur de ce phénomène.
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  • 79
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 61-92
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 61-92
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: There has been rapid growth in the share of assets under control of hedge funds over the past decade and, as a result, these entities have now become firmly entrenched in the universe of investment vehicles and, in turn, have themselves become important investors. Against this background, the OECD Committee on Financial Markets (CMF) discussed specific issues related to these entities on several occasions as part of its market surveillance activity. The present article provides a summary of selected aspects of recent CMF discussions related to hedge funds, focusing in particular on the responses to a questionnaire on hedge funds that was circulated prior to the CMF meeting in May 2007 to inform the discussion at that meeting. These various discussions suggested that a consensus is emerging that the most efficient way to address any policy concerns related to the activity of hedge funds is to focus on hedge fund investors and counterparties rather than on these entities themselves. Only a minority of countries are considering policy actions in a variety of areas, but many respondents seem to underline the need for public authorities to continue monitoring developments regarding hedge funds.
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9789264035577
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (130 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Codes de l'OCDE de la libération des mouvements de capitaux et des opérations invisibles courantes ; Guide de référence 2007
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Codes de l'OCDE de la libération des mouvements de capitaux et des opérations invisibles courantes : Guide de référence 2007
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD codes of liberalisation of capital movements and of current invisible operations
    Keywords: Finanzmarktregulierung ; Dienstleistungshandel ; Deregulierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; OECD ; Internationale Kapitalbewegung ; Unternehmenskauf ; Unsichtbarer Handel ; Internationales Recht
    Abstract: OECD member countries have committed themselves to maintaining and expanding the freedom for international capital movements and current invisible operations under the legally binding OECD Codes of Liberalisation. This publication explains the content and structure of the OECD Codes and the way they are implemented to achieve progressive liberalisation.
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  • 81
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 23-33
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 16 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 23-33
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Triggered by sub-prime and Shanghai stock exchange volatility, major stock markets suffered a significant correction at the end of February. Markets have since recovered and European markets have over the past few weeks more than compensated these losses. While another downturn on the Shanghai exchange end of May led to some increases in volatility on major markets, they have so far not altered their course...
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  • 82
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 153-175
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 28 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 153-175
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Uncertainty about length of life, longevity risk, is a growing financial problem for pension funds and annuity providers. Unfortunately, there is a lack of financial instruments to hedge against this longevity risk, thereby complicating risk management by pension funds and hindering the expansion of the annuity market. Consequently, this paper examines the role of government in promoting a private market solution for longevity hedging financial products. Governments could in principle improve the market for annuities by issuing longevity-indexed bonds and by producing a longevity index. The paper argues that the first public policy role is hampered by the fact that governments are themselves already exposed to significant longevity risk. However, governments could take other steps such as producing a reliable longevity index.
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  • 83
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 191-214
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 191-214
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: High levels of household indebtedness have been considered one source of risk for households’ balance sheets and financial stability for some time now. Household debt has risen in many OECD countries, although there is great variation among them in terms of the levels and compositions of debt, the distribution of associated risks within the financial system and between the latter and the household sector.
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  • 84
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264027596
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Financing development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Financer le développement ; Aide publique et autres flux
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungsfinanzierung ; Weltordnung ; Soziale Gerechtigkeit ; Millenniumsziele ; Finance and Investment ; Development ; Erde ; Konferenzschrift
    Abstract: Aid alone cannot finance development; bringing in fresh sources of finance is essential. The emergence of a multiplicity of new financing options is good news for developing countries, but it also raises challenges. The authors in this stimulating book assess the changing landscape of international development finance from a global and a developing-country perspective. The result is a vast range of policy implications for donor and recipient alike. In an easily digestible format, the book provides recommendations on innovative policy mechanisms, on the use of both grants and loans in development finance, and on the challenges of managing diverse financial flows at country-level.
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  • 85
    Online Resource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264028388
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mano visible de China en América Latina
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Visible Hand of China in Latin America; (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The visible hand of China in Latin America
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen ; Auslandsinvestition ; Lateinamerika ; China ; Außenhandel ; Emerging Market ; Integration ; Weltordnung ; Finance and Investment ; Development ; Trade ; China, People’s Republic ; China ; Lateinamerika ; Aufsatzsammlung ; China ; Lateinamerika ; Außenhandel ; Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Emerging Market ; Wirtschaftswachstum
    Abstract: Latin America is looking towards China and Asia -- and China and Asia are looking right back. This is a major shift: for the first time in its history, Latin America can benefit from not one but three major engines of world growth. Until the 1980s, the United States was the region’s major trade partner. In the 1990s, a second growth engine emerged with the European investment boom in Latin America. Now, at the dawn of the new century, the increasing global economic importance of Asia, and in particular China, potentially provides a third engine of growth. This book describes the opportunities and challenges that Latin American economies will face as Chinese importance in the world economy -- and in Latin America's traditional markets -- continues to grow.
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9789264037243
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Progress in policy reforms to improve the investment climate in South East Europe
    RVK:
    Keywords: Investitionspolitik ; Investitionsklima ; Südosteuropa ; Finance and Investment ; Albania ; Bosnia and Herzegovina ; Bulgaria ; Croatia ; Moldova, Republic of ; Montenegro ; North Macedonia ; Romania ; Serbia ; Südosteuropa ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Investitionsförderung
    Abstract: This report constitutes one of the pillars of the Investment Compact’s work. It provides governments with an overview of each country's performance on investment policy reform and will support them in setting priorities and further improving the investment environment. It is based on the Investment Reform Index (IRI), a novel tool used to measure – on a comparative basis – where countries stand on policy reform.The IRI is based on a broad and comprehensive approach to investment policy. It encompasses all major policy areas that affect the investment environment, including anticorruption,competition, tax, trade policy, regulatory reform and human capital.
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  • 87
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264039865
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (232 p.)
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Estrategias de inversión y herramientas financieras para el desarrollo local
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Investment strategies and financial tools for local development
    DDC: 332.6
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Kommunale Entwicklung ; Wirtschaftsförderung ; Kommunale Investition ; Unternehmensfinanzierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; OECD ; Kommunale Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Investition ; Finanzierung
    Abstract: Global opportunities for cities and localities have led to a renewed impetus for new financial tools. Addressing how public assets can be better used to generate private co-investment (rather than just sold for a once only ‘current value’ price) is now the new mind-set, and thinking about the organisational vehicles needed at local and regional levels to promote financial innovation has moved on. This book provides a comprehensive overview of financial instruments and investment strategies being implemented throughout OECD Member and non-Member countries. It highlights effective tools, explores the roles and responsibilities of governments, public agencies and inter-governmental organisations. The lessons from this book are essential reading for policy makers, practitioners and all actors involved in delivering local development.
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  • 88
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 135-166
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 135-166
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: Collective pension funds (CPFs) – occupational pension funds that cover the employees of more than one employer (enterprise) – have been operating in OECD countries for decades. Generally speaking, there are two models, i.e. closed pension funds, with membership restricted to a particular industry or group of industries, and open pension funds, open to all types of companies. The governance structure of such funds also operates in two ways – via an internal model (with trustees appointed by employers and employees) and an external model (with professional, commercial trustees). In this report, we first describe and analyse how CPFs are operated in selected OECD countries and non-OECD economies. Then, we review occupational pensions (or Enterprise Annuities – EA – in Chinese terminology) in general and CPFs in particular. Given the problems holding back the development of EA plans among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in China, and bearing in mind both China’s specific situations and international best practices, we propose a number of policy recommendations to promote the development of CPFs covering the SME sector. Our practical policy recommendations include: 1) industry funds with more open membership; 2) establishment of new purpose-built industry funds; 3) establishment of new regional EA administration centres acting as independent pension councils (trustees) for open pension funds; 4) in parallel to these policy initiatives in China, commercial trustees should be encouraged to establish CPFs targeting the SME sector.
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  • 89
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 217-244
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 217-244
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This article presents highlights from the forthcoming OECD cross-country study Public Debt Management and Bond Markets in Africa. Debt managers from an increasing number of emerging market jurisdictions face challenges similar to those of their counterparts from advanced markets due to competitive pressures from global finance and the related need to implement OECD leading practices in this policy area. The article shows that OECD standards in public debt management and related market operations are, therefore, of great importance for public debt management and bond market development in Africa. Several African debt managers have introduced the leading debt management practices of OECD countries, use them for designing new debt strategies (including for managing contingent liabilities), and have made impressive progress in developing their local government securities markets. Many countries in the region are taking advantage of debt reduction initiatives. Avoiding falling back into positions of unsustainable debt is identified as a key challenge for many African governments. OECD financial policy makers are increasingly interested in developments in emerging markets, including those on the African continent. Moreover, emerging markets (including the latest emerging market region, Africa) are an increasingly important asset class for investors from the OECD area. Thus, the policy conclusions and priorities identified here are of interest to not only African countries but also the OECD area and other emerging market countries. Local bond markets in several African countries have gained in strength in terms of liquidity and maturity structure, making them more attractive for important categories of OECD investors and less vulnerable to exchange rate shocks.
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  • 90
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 59-86
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 59-86
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Private equity, by focusing on under-performing companies that can be transformed and subsequently re-floated, fosters rapid corporate restructuring – enhancing productivity. M&A and private equity deals are very strong at present, and private equity use of leverage is accelerating sharply...
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  • 91
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 129-151
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 28 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 129-151
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Pension funds have become the largest class of investors in many markets and, given their size, the allocation of their assets has important implications for the relative prices of financial assets. There may be a trend shift of private (defined benefit) pension fund asset allocation strategies away from equity to bonds, especially to government bonds, given their limited credit risk. The potential demand for such bonds could, in principle, be very substantial, sufficient in fact to result in a scarcity of such bonds in circulation. Many debt managers have taken advantage of current bond market conditions and issued long-term to ultra-long-term bonds. But whether they should follow a strategy of maturity-lengthening with the express aim to facilitate the task for pension fund managers is a different matter. Most policy makers would not recommend that governments undertake to issue long-term debt with the express intent of meeting this demand, not least because they expect the price mechanism to clear apparent imbalances in asset markets.
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  • 92
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 37-57
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 26 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 37-57
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The size of the hedge fund sector, using IOSCO sources and results from responses to an OECD Questionnaire on Hedge Funds, is around USD 1.4 trillion in assets under management (AUM). While this does not seem that large compared to total global AUM, the hedge fund share of trading turnover (augmented by leverage and investment style) is much greater than its share of global AUM....
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  • 93
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 11-22
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 12 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 11-22
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: There was a sizeable correction in financial markets in February. However, since then all of the reflation trades have returned: equities have recouped their losses to the end of April; bonds yields have fallen and spreads have resumed their narrowing pattern; commodities have rallied along with commodity currencies; and the US dollar is weaker....
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  • 94
    ISBN: 9789264025950
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Investment Policy Reviews; Russian Federation 2006; Enhancing Policy Transparency
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: Malgré une récente expansion, le volume de l’investissement international demeure modeste en Russie par rapport aux grands pays de l’OCDE. La hausse récente des entrées d’investissement direct étranger n’est pas encore suffisante pour que celui-ci représente une part notable du PIB et du montant total de l’investissement. Cette édition 2006 de l’Examen des politiques de l’investissement consacré à la Fédération de Russie analyse l’évolution de l’environnement réglementaire depuis la publication de l’Examen 2004, en mettant l’accent sur la transparence de la politique de l’investissement et sa mise en œuvre effective. Cette édition présente des recommandations pour faire progresser la réforme du contrôle des capitaux, adopter les approches les moins restrictives en matière de législation sur les "secteurs stratégiques" et renforcer les accords internationaux de la Russie sur l’investissement.
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  • 95
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264025899
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (293 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Policy Framework for Investment; A Review of Good Practices
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development
    Abstract: Ce Cadre d’action pour l’investissement de l'OCDE a pour objectif essentiel d'encourager les gouvernements à se poser les bonnes questions sur leur économie, leurs institutions et le cadre de leurs politiques afin de définir leurs priorités, de mettre en place un ensemble cohérent de mesures et de faire le point sur les progrès accomplis. Ce Panorama des bonnes pratiques dans les économies membres et non membres de l’OCDE est un complément au Cadre d'action pour l'investissement. Il présente le cadre analytique qui sous-tend les dix chapitres du Cadre.
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264034273
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Staying Competitive in the Global Economy; Moving Up the Value Chain
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Les chaînes de valeur mondiales transforment radicalement la façon dont les biens et services sont produits. Ce rapport présente un large éventail de données de l’OCDE sur la mondialisation des chaînes de valeur et l’augmentation de l’externalisation et des délocalisations. Il étudie l’incidence de la mondialisation de la production sur les pays de l’OCDE, tant au niveau macroéconomique que sectoriel. Les coûts et les avantages de la mondialisation sont ensuite analysés, notamment en matière d’emploi et de productivité. Enfin, cet ouvrage examine l’effet de la mondialisation sur la compétitivité des pays de l’OCDE, en soulignant l’importance d’une stratégie d’innovation efficace. Il traite de la question de la progression dans la chaîne de valeur non seulement au sein des pays de l’OCDE, mais également en Chine, dans un contexte où la R-D gagne de plus en plus les pays émergents.
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  • 97
    ISBN: 9789264034259
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (126 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Comment rester compétitif dans l'économie mondiale ; Progresser dans la chaîne de valeur
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Comment rester compétitif dans l'économie mondiale : Progresser dans la chaîne de valeur
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Staying competitive in the global economy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Globalisierung ; Competition, International ; International economic relations ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; Competition ; Globalisierung ; International economic relations ; Globalisierung ; Weltwirtschaft ; Internationaler Wettbewerb
    Abstract: Global value chains are radically altering how goods and services are produced--parts made in one country, for instance, are increasingly assembled in another and sold in a third. The globalisation of production has changed the industrial structure within OECD countries, and in some sectors blunted their competitiveness. Another major consequence has been fears of job losses, due to outsourcing and offshoring—not only in manufacturing but also in services. The rapid integration of China and India, with their large pool of educated people, further reinforces these concerns. How should OECD countries respond? This report brings together OECD data on the globalisation of value chains, including the rise of outsourcing/offshoring. It first examines how OECD countries are affected by the globalisation of production, on both the macroeconomic and sector-specific levels. The costs and benefits of globalisation are then discussed, with an emphasis on employment and productivity. Finally, this report analyses how globalisation impacts the competitiveness of OECD countries, highlighting the need for an effective innovation strategy. The report discusses not only the moving up the value chain that takes place in OECD countries but also in China, as R&D is increasingly going to emerging countries.
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  • 98
    ISBN: 9789264034624
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (71 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Investment Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement ; Égypte 2007
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques de l'investissement : Égypte 2007
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Egypt
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Ägypten ; Finance and Investment ; Egypt
    Abstract: Having adhered to the OECD Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises in July 2007, Egypt undertook a thorough review by OECD members of its international investment policies using the Policy Framework for Investment. This publication presents the results of this review. It finds that international investors responded quickly to the government’s policy reform efforts: foreign direct investment (FDI) into Egypt increased eightfold in just three years, diversifying away from the petroleum sector and bringing much-needed investment to a broad range of manufacturing and service industries. However, the review also shows that investment climate reforms take time and many challenges still lie ahead. These include ongoing efforts to phase out unnecessary sectoral restrictions on investment, maintaining the momentum for broadening the privatisation programme and encouraging entrepreneurship by promoting transparency, accountability and competition.
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  • 99
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 1, p. 87-104
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: In November 2006, the OECD Steering Group on Corporate Governance initiated a study of the role of privately organised pools of capital (“alternative investment vehicles”) in corporate governance. With a rapid increase in the size of transactions and investments, and partly due to differences in corporate governance frameworks and company structures, there has been a growing public interest in private equity firms and “activist” hedge funds. The Steering Group agreed that the distinct corporate governance aspects that emerge in these discussions required special attention based on the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance (OECD Principles). This Report summarises the main conclusions reached by the Steering Group in April 2007, including the findings of a factual review that were taken into consideration. On the basis of available evidence, the Steering Group concluded that “activist” hedge funds and private equity firms could help strengthen corporate governance practices by increasing the number of investors that have the incentive to make active and informed use of their shareholder rights. It was agreed that, from a corporate governance perspective, there was no need to promote a special set of principles for private equity firms and “activist” hedge funds, but that the opportunities and challenges that follow from their ownership strategies should instead be analysed within the general framework of the OECD Principles, also taking into account existing voluntary standards established and promoted by the industry.
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 167-198
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2007, no. 2, p. 167-198
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: India’s financial sector has become much more diversified, with capital markets playing an increasingly important role. These markets have been substantially deregulated and, recent changes notwithstanding, many restrictions on capital flows have been eased, especially with respect to equity inflows. As well, the health of the public banks, which initially had very weak balance sheets, has been restored. While India’s regulatory, supervisory and financial policy authorities have made progress, they are likely to face challenges related to several aspects characterising the country’s financial system, including its banking sector and its capital markets. Banks remain subject to government imposed constraints on their lending portfolios and the banking sector is still dominated by public institutions. Although the Indian government has intensified its efforts to develop corporate bond markets, the latter remain relatively underdeveloped. Equity markets, which have evolved considerably, have recently been characterised by substantial price increases, in part reflecting large foreign inflows. This development raises the question of sustainability of valuations under changing global monetary liquidity conditions and risk aversion. Different policy responses have been considered by Indian authorities. Representatives from these authorities expressed a reluctance to interfere with the market process. However, the recent decisions by policy authorities suggest that during the course of the ongoing deliberations by policy authorities, these considerations have been outweighed by concerns about the consequences of failing to constrain inflows. The decision by authorities to disallow issuance of “participatory notes” by foreign institutional investors has to be seen in this context.
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