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  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (248)
  • New York : Oxford University Press  (111)
  • Oxford : Oxford University Press  (67)
  • United States
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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Environment Policy Papers no.40
    Schlagwort(e): Feuer ; Klimawandel ; Brandschutz ; USA ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Environment ; Governance ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The frequency and severity of extreme wildfires are on the rise in the United States, causing unprecedented disruption and increasingly challenging the country’s capacity to contain losses and damages. These challenges are set to keep growing in the context of climate change, highlighting the need to scale up wildfire prevention and climate change adaptation. This paper provides an overview of the United States’ wildfire policies and practices and assesses the extent to which wildfire management in the country is evolving to adapt to growing wildfire risk under climate change.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264273498 , 9789264665484 , 9789264580060
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (169 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Umweltpolitik ; Umweltschutz ; USA ; Energy ; Environment ; Governance ; Development ; United States ; Amtliche Publikation
    Kurzfassung: The United States, the world’s largest economy, has made progress in reducing several environmental pressures while maintaining one of the highest Gross Domestic Products per capita in the world. It has decoupled emissions of greenhouse gases, air pollutants, water abstractions and domestic material consumption from economic and population growth. However, high consumption levels, intensive agricultural practices, climate change and urban sprawl continue to put pressure on the natural environment. Despite the recent acceleration of action to address climate change, further efforts are needed to achieve the goal of net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. The United States is also among the major contributors to marine litter with serious consequences for communities and the environment. The review provides 30 recommendations to help the United States improve its environmental performance, with a special focus on marine litter and a cross-cutting focus on environmental justice. This is the third Environmental Performance Review of the United States. It provides an independent, evidence-based evaluation of the country’s environmental performance over the past decade.
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  • 3
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (45 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Statistics Working Papers no.2023/05
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Employment ; Canada ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: This paper estimates the data intensity of occupations/sectors (i.e. the share of job postings per occupation/sector related to the production of data) using natural language processing (NLP) on job advertisements in the United Kingdom, Canada and the United States. Online job advertisement data collected by Lightcast provide timely and disaggregated insights into labour demand and skill requirements of different professions. The paper makes three major contributions. First, indicators created from the Lightcast data add to the understanding of digital skills in the labour market. Second, the results may advance the measurement of data assets in national account statistics. Third, the NLP methodology can handle up to 66 languages and can be adapted to measure concepts beyond digital skills. Results provide a ranking of data intensity across occupations, with data analytics activities contributing most to aggregate data intensity shares in all three countries. At the sectoral level, the emerging picture is more heterogeneous across countries. Differences in labour demand primarily explain those variations, with low data-intensive professions contributing most to aggregate data intensity in the United Kingdom. Estimates of investment in data, using a sum of costs approach and sectoral intensity shares, point to lower levels in the United Kingdom and Canada than in the United States.
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  • 4
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (95 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Papers no.44
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; United States
    Kurzfassung: This paper analyses persistence and change in the regional league table of entrepreneurship performance in the United States in comparison with England and Wales and West Germany. It examines whether regional rankings in start-up and self-employment rates in the United States are as sticky over time as in these European countries over approximately century, half-century and 30-year periods, or whether the United States is different. It identifies the types of regions that improve markedly ("leapfroggers") or decline sharply ("plungers") in their league table positions and the reasons for these changes and compares the countries on these issues. The paper draws out policy implications on regional levelling-up of entrepreneurship activity. It also sets out an agenda for further research.
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264617742 , 9789264654457 , 9789264860988
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (139 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Feuer ; Brandschutz ; Klimawandel ; Welt ; Feuer ; Brandschutz ; Klimawandel ; Welt ; Environment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Australia ; Costa Rica ; Greece ; Portugal ; United States
    Kurzfassung: This report provides a global assessment and outlook on wildfire risk in the context of climate change. It discusses the drivers behind the growing incidence of extreme wildfires and the attribution effect of climate change. It outlines the environmental, social and economic impacts of wildfires by illustrating the losses and costs observed during recent extreme wildfire events. Building on this, the report presents the findings of a cross-country comparative analysis of how countries’ policies and practices have evolved in recent years in light of observed and projected changes in wildfire risk. The analysis draws on in-depth case studies conducted in Australia, Costa Rica, Greece, Portugal and the United States. The report underlines the urgent need for governments to scale up climate change adaptation efforts to limit future wildfire costs.
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9789264464940 , 9789264449527 , 9789264980433
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Fiscal Federalism Studies
    Schlagwort(e): Wohneigentum ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; Grundsteuer ; Einkommensverteilung ; Südkorea ; Norwegen ; USA ; Belgien ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Taxation ; Governance ; Belgium ; Korea, Republic of ; Norway ; United States
    Kurzfassung: This report addresses housing inequities through a series of analytical chapters and case studies. The cross-country chapters examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on housing demand, develop a proposal for a green land value tax, evaluate the dynamics between fiscal autonomy and housing supply responsiveness, as well as explore the drivers of inter-regional migration. The case studies unravel the changes of Korea's progressive national property tax and a programme to address regional imbalances, assess the impact of the US property tax system on housing, dive into Norway's property taxation in relation to inequality, as well as survey Belgium's approaches to housing policy. With a blend of empirical data and critical analysis, the report underscores the pressing need for comprehensive strategies in addressing housing inequities. It also offers insights for policymakers and scholars, highlighting the complex balance between national and local housing policies.
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  • 7
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.291
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia ; Canada ; France ; Germany ; Italy ; New Zealand ; Singapore ; Sweden ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The paper discusses the implications of recent advances in artificial intelligence for knowledge workers, focusing on possible complementarities and substitution between machine translation tools and language professionals. The emergence of machine translation tools could enhance social welfare through enhanced opportunities for inter-language communication but also create new threats because of persisting low levels of accuracy and quality in the translation output. The paper uses data on online job vacancies to map the evolution of the demand for language professionals between 2015 and 2019 in 10 countries and illustrates the set of skills that are considered important by employers seeking to hire language professionals through job vacancies posted on line.
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  • 8
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (27 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Regional Development Papers no.45
    Schlagwort(e): Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Estonia ; France ; Greece ; Mexico ; Sweden ; United States
    Kurzfassung: This work leverages globally consistent data on parks from Google Maps, in combination with the computational power of Google Maps Directions API to quantify accessibility to parks across nearly 500 metropolitan areas in six countries: Estonia, France, Greece, Mexico, Sweden, and the United States. We combined high resolution population data from Worldpop with parks data and navigation estimates to measure: (1) Fraction of the population with access to parks within a 10-minute walk; and (2) the median walking time to the closest park. We find large differences in access to parks between countries, as well as large variability across cities and their respective commuting zones. To demonstrate how this framework can support cross country comparisons and efforts to track progress towards SDG11, we assessed access to parks by income group in selected countries, finding that the median walking time to a park is shorter for residents of low income neighbourhoods both in French and American metropolitan areas.
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789264338395 , 9789264475915 , 9789264854055
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (127 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Skills Studies
    Schlagwort(e): IT-Sicherheit ; IT-Berufe ; Bildungspolitik ; Technologiepolitik ; Australien ; Kanada ; Neuseeland ; Großbritannien ; USA ; Employment ; Science and Technology ; Australia ; Canada ; New Zealand ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: As societies become increasingly digital, cyber security has become a priority for individuals, companies and nations. The number of cyber attacks is exceeding defence capabilities, and one reason for this is the lack of an adequately skilled cyber security workforce. This report analyses the demand for cyber security professionals in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States using information contained in online job postings. The analysis looks at recent trends in the demand for workers in different types of cyber security roles, the geographical distribution of cyber security job postings, and the changing skill requirements for professionals in this field. The report also looks at the supply side, zooming in on the landscape of cyber security education and training programmes in England (United Kingdom). It describes the different types of programmes provided in further and higher education, the profile of learners in these programmes and their outcomes. Finally, the report also looks at policies and initiatives adopted in England to make cyber security education and training programmes more accessible and relevant. This report is part of a larger initiative examining the evolution of policies and experiences in the cyber security profession around the world.
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (55 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1748
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The American middle class has shrunk in size since 1970 according to most definitions. This “hollowing” out of the United States income distribution could result in disillusionment, diminished political engagement, and declining trust in institutions. The American middle class faces two major challenges, among others. First, child care costs in the United States are high and availability is low. Improving enrolment in child care has the potential to reverse the fall in female labour market participation since the financial crisis and result in improved well-being and economic growth. Public funding for child care programmes should be raised, and programme eligibility should be widened to benefit middle-income parents. Second, the climate transition will entail major changes to middle-class lifestyles. Reductions in US household emissions from housing and transportation will be key to achieving the overall emission reduction targets, and may prove costly. Workers in carbon-intensive sectors of the economy and households living in regions that rely on carbon-intensive activities will be affected as resources shift to greener sectors. A national climate strategy should be developed that explicitly takes into account emissions inequalities and the redistributive effects of climate policies. Active labour market policies will be key to achieving a just transition, and existing home weatherisation programmes should be expanded to cover the middle-class.
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  • 11
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (74 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Development Co-operation Working Papers no.112
    Schlagwort(e): Entwicklungsorganisation ; Innovationsakzeptanz ; Development ; France ; Germany ; Korea, Republic of ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Addressing 21st century development challenges requires investments in innovation, including the use of new approaches and technologies. Currently, many development organisations prioritise investments in isolated innovation pilots that leverage a specific approach or technology rather than pursuing a strategic approach to expand the organisation’s toolbox with innovations that have proven their comparative advantage over what is currently used. This Working Paper addresses this challenge of adopting innovations. How can development organisations institutionalise a new way of working, bringing what was once novel to the core of how business is done? Analysing successful adoption efforts across five DAC agencies, the paper lays out a proposed process for the adoption of innovations. The paper features five case-studies and concludes with a set of lessons and recommendations for policy makers on innovation management generally, and adoption of innovation in particular.
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  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (17 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Education Spotlights no.4
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Canada ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Finland ; Korea, Republic of ; Portugal ; Türkiye ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Schools are perfect hubs for social and emotional learning, but are they ready for this task? To address this question, this Spotlight reports previously unpublished findings from the OECD’s Survey on Social and Emotional Skills (SSES) and discusses their implications for education policy and practice. Both an active promotion in schools and extensive learning opportunities for teachers on relevant topics provide a fertile ground for an effective social and emotional education. They boost teachers’ self-efficacy and use of active learning pedagogies, as well as quality relationships at school. The Spotlight also points to important differences for teachers of 10- vs. 15-year-old students that can explain higher skills at a younger age. Younger students benefit more often from key elements of an effective social and emotional education in school, i.e. the evaluation of their social and emotional skills and teachers teaming up with parents to reinforce skill promotion. Teachers of 10-year-olds are also more intensively trained and requested to promote social and emotional learning in their work.
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  • 13
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (156 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.288
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Austria ; Canada ; France ; Germany ; Ireland ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: New OECD surveys of employers and workers in the manufacturing and finance sectors of seven countries shed new light on the impact that Artificial Intelligence has on the workplace —an under-researched area to date due to lack of data. The findings suggest that both workers and their employers are generally very positive about the impact of AI on performance and working conditions. However, there are also concerns, including about job loss—an issue that should be closely monitored. The surveys also indicate that, while many workers trust their employers when it comes to the implementation of AI in the workplace, more can be done to improve trust. In particular, the surveys show that both training and worker consultation are associated with better outcomes for workers.
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  • 14
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    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.286
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Australia ; Canada ; New Zealand ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: This study responds to six key questions about the impact that the demand for Artificial Intelligence (AI) skills is having on labour markets. What are the occupations where AI skills are most relevant? How do different AI-relevant skills combine in job requirements? How quickly is the demand for AI-related skills diffusing across labour markets and what is the relationship between AI skill demands and the demand for cognitive skills across jobs? Finally, are AI skills leading to a wage premium and how different are the wage returns associated with AI and routine skills? To shed light on these aspects, this study leverages Natural Language Processing (NLP) algorithms to analyse the information contained in millions of job postings collected from the internet.
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  • 15
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264622173 , 9789264626126 , 9789264859616
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (111 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Arbeitslosigkeit ; Öffentliche Sozialleistungen ; Arbeitslosenversicherung ; USA ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Protecting people, rather than specific jobs, plays a key role in promoting labour-market inclusiveness and dynamism. Effective unemployment benefits reduce inequality, and facilitate a good match between workers’ skills and job requirements. They are a crucial policy lever for adapting to the major societal, technological and environmental transitions of our time. This report on the United States is the second of a number of OECD country reviews of income support policies. Each report analyses key policy challenges, discusses recent reform initiatives, and identifies good practices from other OECD countries. The report examines the reach and generosity of unemployment insurance and other income support for working age households, with a special focus on disadvantaged labour market groups. What are key gaps in benefit receipt between wage- and salaried employees and non-standard workers (part-time workers, those on temporary contracts, and self-employed workers including own-account workers)? What factors, including race/ethnicity and gender, drive non-entitlement to unemployment compensation? The report examines these questions, considers the impact of recent extensions to the unemployment insurance programme in response to the COVID pandemic, and outlines policy directions for strengthening out-of-work support.
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  • 16
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264975965 , 9789264873797 , 9789264409347
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (278 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; United States
    Kurzfassung: This report assesses how the United States Commonwealth of Virginia is preparing young people for their working lives through career development. It builds on OECD longitudinal analyses which identify forms of career development that can be most confidently associated with better employment outcomes for young people. Collecting data from current secondary school students and young adults in the labour market, the report provides an oversight of career development in Virginia. It then explores the extent to which students are being effectively, efficiently and equitably prepared for their working lives through career guidance programmes. Career readiness is a policy of high importance and the report identifies many strengths within the Virginia system. In order to enhance provision however, there is need to update career readiness standards, frameworks and instruments, and to engage employers and people in work more systematically within guidance activities. Opportunity exists to better amplify labour market signalling, particularly with regard to the skilled trades. The report highlights international practice that can be expected to reduce inequalities in provision, linked especially to the socio-economic backgrounds of students and their geographic location. Here, scope exists notably to draw on digital technologies to enhance provision.
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  • 17
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264866683 , 9789264697263 , 9789264367203
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (218 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Rural Studies
    Schlagwort(e): Industry and Services ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; United States
    Kurzfassung: When it comes to high-tech innovations, the United States leads the path amongst OECD economies. However, in the context of the national record-breaking activities in high tech innovation, there lies distinct and growing geographical disparities. This report dives into strategies for better understanding innovation that occurs in rural places, and places outside major metropolitan areas, often going beyond science and technology. It provides analysis and recommendations to support regional development initiatives aimed at closing the gaps in innovation between rural and urban areas. The report includes a special topic chapter on the role of broadband and education in rural areas, exploring trends and providing policy recommendations to enhance rural innovation through these specific and critical framework conditions.
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  • 18
    Online-Ressource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264726550 , 9789264859210 , 9789264779952
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (50 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: United States 2023
    Schlagwort(e): Energy ; Environment ; Governance ; Development ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Première économie mondiale, les États-Unis ont progressé dans la réduction de plusieurs pressions environnementales tout en conservant l’un des produits intérieurs bruts par habitant les plus élevés au monde. Les émissions de gaz à effet de serre et de polluants atmosphériques, les prélèvements d’eau et la consommation intérieure de matières y ont été découplés de la croissance économique et démographique. Les niveaux de consommation élevés, les pratiques agricoles intensives, le changement climatique et l’étalement urbain continuent toutefois d’exercer des pressions sur le milieu naturel. Malgré l’accélération récente de l’action publique face au changement climatique, des efforts supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour atteindre l’objectif de neutralité en gaz à effet de serre d’ici à 2050. Par ailleurs, les États-Unis figurent parmi les principaux producteurs de déchets marins, lesquels ont de graves conséquences pour les populations et l’environnement. Le présent rapport contient 30 recommandations visant à aider les États-Unis à améliorer leurs performances environnementales, et accorde une attention particulière à l’enjeu des déchets marins et à la problématique transversale de la justice environnementale. Troisième Examen environnemental consacré aux États‑Unis, il propose une évaluation indépendante, fondée sur des données factuelles, des performances environnementales du pays au cours de la dernière décennie. La présente version abrégée contient le résumé, de même que l’évaluation et les recommandations officielles du rapport. Le rapport complet est disponible en anglais sur le site Internet de l’OCDE.
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  • 19
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (53 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.267
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Employment ; Australia ; Belgium ; Canada ; Finland ; France ; Ireland ; Italy ; Korea, Republic of ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Sweden ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: OECD countries deliver publicly-funded employment services through different institutional arrangements. While in most OECD countries the majority of such services are delivered by public employment services, in two in five OECD and EU countries (or regions) they are partly or fully contracted out to external providers, including for-profit and not-for-profit entities. Contracting out employment services to outside providers offers many potential benefits: an increased flexibility to scale capacity in line with changes in unemployment, the possibility of offering services more cost-effectively, the option to better tailor services through the use of specialised service providers and the possibility to offer jobseekers choice of providers. However, achieving these benefits will depend on the actual design and monitoring of the contracting arrangements that are put in place. Focusing on the job brokerage, counselling and case-management employment services typically provided by public agencies, this paper reviews the experiences of OECD countries that have contracted out employment services through outcome-based payment schemes. It highlights the need to carefully consider questions related to the design and implementation of this form of contracting: fostering competition amongst potential providers, setting appropriate minimum service requirements and prices for different client groups, and ensuring the accountability of providers through monitoring and evaluations. These issues are discussed based on country examples, which are also detailed in factsheets contained in the online annex of the paper.
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  • 20
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (72 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.278
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Employment ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Rising self-employment rates in U.S. tax data that are absent in survey data have led to speculation that tax records capture a rise in new “gig” work that surveys miss. Drawing on the universe of Internal Revenue Service (IRS) tax returns, we show that trends in firm-reported payments to “gig” and other contract workers do not explain the rise in self-employment reported to the IRS; rather, that increase is driven by self-reported earnings of individuals in the EITC phase-in range. We isolate pure reporting responses from real labor supply responses by examining births of workers’ first children around an end-of-year cutoff for credit eligibility that creates exogenous variation in tax rates at the end of the tax year after labor supply decisions are already sunk. We find that exposing workers with sunk labor supply to negative marginal tax rates results in large increases in their propensity to self-report self-employment—only a small minority of which leads to bunching at kink-points. Consistent with pure strategic reporting behavior, we find no impact on reporting among taxpayers with no incentive to report additional income and no effects on firm-reported payments of any kind. Moreover, we find these reporting responses have grown over time as knowledge of tax incentives has become widespread. Quantitatively, our results suggest that as much as 59 percent of the growth in self-employment rates, and all counter-cyclicality, can be attributed to changes in reporting behavior that are independent of changes in the nature of work. Our findings suggest caution is warranted before deferring to administrative data over survey data when measuring labor market trends.
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  • 21
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (91 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.274
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Employment ; Environment ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Bulgaria ; Canada ; Chile ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Croatia ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hungary ; Iceland ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Lithuania ; Luxembourg ; Malta ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Poland ; Portugal ; Romania ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Türkiye ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The paper is the first in a series of two papers mapping young people’s environmental sustainability competence in EU and OECD countries that were prepared as background for the forthcoming OECD Skills Outlook 2023 publication. The papers are the results of a collaboration between the OECD Centre for Skills and the European Commission - Joint Research Centre (Unit B4) on students’ environmental sustainability competence. The second paper is titled: ‘The environmental sustainability competence toolbox: From leaving a better planet to our children to leaving better children for our planet’.
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  • 22
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (58 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.281
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Employment ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Bulgaria ; Canada ; Chile ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hong Kong, China ; Hungary ; Iceland ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Lithuania ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Poland ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Switzerland ; Türkiye ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Being able to swim empowers individuals to make choices, have agency, and be free to choose core aspects of their life, such as working safely on or near water. It is also associated with lifelong health benefits and reduces the risk of drowning. Using data from the Lloyd’s Register Foundation World Risk Poll 2019, this paper provides the first global estimates of adults’ ability to swim without assistance. Individuals in high-income countries are considerably more likely to report being able to swim without assistance than individuals in low-income countries. Disparities also exist within countries. In particular, women are less likely to be able to swim without assistance than men in virtually all countries, birth cohorts, and levels of education. Investing in reducing inequalities in life skills, such as swimming, can foster economic development and empowerment, especially in light of threats, such as climate change.
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  • 23
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (79 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.275
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Employment ; Environment ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Bulgaria ; Canada ; Chile ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Croatia ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Greece ; Hungary ; Iceland ; Ireland ; Italy ; Japan ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Lithuania ; Luxembourg ; Malta ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Poland ; Portugal ; Romania ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Türkiye ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The paper is the second in a series of two papers mapping young people’s environmental sustainability competence in EU and OECD countries that were prepared as background for the forthcoming OECD Skills Outlook 2023 publication. The papers are the results of a collaboration between the OECD Centre for Skills and the European Commission - Joint Research Centre (Unit B4) on students’ environmental sustainability competence. The first paper is titled ‘Young people’s environmental sustainability competence: Emotional, cognitive, behavioural and attitudinal dimensions in EU and OECD countries.
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  • 24
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264522114 , 9789264905405 , 9789264453517
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (78 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Examens de l'OCDE sur la coopération pour le développement
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Development Co‑operation Peer Reviews: United States 2022
    Schlagwort(e): Development ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Le Comité d’aide au développement (CAD) de l’OCDE mène tous les cinq à six ans un examen par les pairs qui passe en revue les efforts de coopération pour le développement de chacun de ses membres. Ces examens visent à améliorer la qualité et l’efficacité de leur coopération pour le développement, en mettant en évidence les bonnes pratiques et en recommandant des améliorations. Les États-Unis ont endossé un rôle de chef de file en apportant des contributions d’APD substantielles en réaction aux crises multiples. L’aide extérieure est programmée et acheminée par 21 organismes publics américains. USAID intègre systématiquement la collaboration, l’apprentissage et l’adaptation dans les cycles de ses programmes, et elle s’attache à améliorer la diversité, l’équité et l’inclusion en se faisant le champion des approches pilotées à l’échelon local. Cet examen par les pairs formule, à l’intention des États-Unis, un ensemble de recommandations visant à atténuer les répercussions négatives transnationales de leurs politiques publiques, à encourager des dotations budgétaires plus flexibles concordant avec les besoins, à adopter une approche plus claire vis-à-vis des partenariats multilatéraux, et à doter leur institution de financement du développement des moyens qui lui permettront de mener à bien sa mission. Il recommande aux États-Unis de placer l’efficacité du développement au cœur de l’adaptation au contexte local, de renforcer les ressources humaines, et de prendre en compte la prévention des conflits dans l’ensemble des programmes par pays.
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  • 25
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264922600 , 9789264967731 , 9789264463127
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (68 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Examens de l'OCDE sur la coopération pour le développement : États-Unis 2022
    Schlagwort(e): Entwicklungshilfe ; USA ; Development ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The OECD’s Development Assistance Committee (DAC) conducts peer reviews of individual members once every five to six years. Reviews seek to improve the quality and effectiveness of members’ development co-operation, highlighting good practices and recommending improvements. The United States has led with substantial ODA contributions in response to multiple crises. Twenty-one US government agencies programme and deliver foreign assistance. USAID systematically incorporates collaboration, learning and adapting in its programme cycle and works to increase diversity, equity and inclusion by championing locally-led approaches. This peer review provides a set of recommendations for the United States to mitigate negative transboundary effects of its policies, promote more flexible budget appropriations in line with needs, equip its development finance institution to deliver and adopt a clearer approach to multilateral partnerships. It recommends that the United States puts development effectiveness at the heart of localisation, reinforce human resources, and consider conflict prevention in all country programmes.
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  • 26
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (22 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Trade ; Science and Technology ; Canada ; France ; Germany ; Italy ; Japan ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: As data become an important resource for the global economy, it is important to strengthen trust to facilitate data sharing domestically and across borders. Significant momentum for related policies in the G7, and G20, has gone hand in hand with a wide range of – often complementary – national and international initiatives and the development of technological and organisational measures. Advancing a common understanding and dialogue among G7 countries and beyond is crucial to support coordinated and coherent progress in policy and regulatory approaches that leverage the full potential of data for global economic and social prosperity. This report takes stock of key policies and initiatives on cross-border data flows to inform and support G7 countries’ engagement on this policy agenda.
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9789264829855 , 9789264954960 , 9789264848290
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (267 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Australia ; Chile ; Finland ; Italy ; Mexico ; New Zealand ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: There is a discernible and growing gap between the qualifications that a university degree certifies and the actual generic, 21st-century skills with which students graduate from higher education. By generic skills, it is meant literacy and critical thinking skills encompassing problem solving, analytic reasoning and communications competency. As automation takes over non- and lower-cognitive tasks in today’s workplace, these generic skills are especially valued but a tertiary degree is a poor indicator of skills level. In the United States, the Council for Aid for Education developed an assessment of generic skills called the CLA+ and carried out testing in six countries between 2016 and 2021. This book provides the data and analysis of this “CLA+ International Initiative”.
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9780190085957
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: xi, 260 Seiten , Illustrationen , 25 cm
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Young, Elliott, - 1967- Forever prisoners
    DDC: 365/.4
    Schlagwort(e): Immigrants Government policy ; Alien detention centers History ; Detention of persons ; Human rights ; Alien detention centers ; Detention of persons ; Emigration and immigration ; Government policy ; Human rights ; Immigrants ; Government policy ; History ; United States Emigration and immigration ; Government policy ; United States ; USA ; Einwanderer ; Festnahme ; Einwanderungspolitik
    Kurzfassung: "The United States locks up more than half a million non-citizens every year for immigration-related offenses; on any given day, more than 50,000 immigrants are held in detention in hundreds of ICE detention facilities spread across the country. This book provides an explanation of how, where, and why non-citizens were put behind bars in the United States from the late nineteenth century to the present. Through select granular experiences of detention over the course of more than 140 years, this book explains how America built the world's largest system for imprisoning immigrants. From the late nineteenth century, when the US government held hundreds of Chinese in federal prisons pending deportation, to the early twentieth century, when it caged hundreds of thousands of immigrants in insane asylums, to World War I and II, when the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) declared tens of thousands of foreigners "enemy aliens" and locked them up in Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) camps in Texas and New Mexico, and through the 1980s detention of over 125,000 Cuban and almost 23,000 Haitian refugees, the incarceration of foreigners nationally has ebbed and flowed. In the last three decades, tough-on-crime laws intersected with harsh immigration policies to make millions of immigrants vulnerable to deportation based on criminal acts, even minor ones, that had been committed years or decades earlier. Although far more immigrants are being held in prison today than at any other time in US history, earlier moments of immigrant incarceration echo present-day patterns"--
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 29
    Buch
    Buch
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780190096847
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: viii, 322 Seiten, 24 ungezählte Seiten Tafeln , Illustrationen, Portraits (teilweise farbig) , 25 cm
    DDC: 973.04960730092
    Schlagwort(e): Hamer, Fannie Lou ; Hamer, Fannie Lou ; Civil rights workers / United States / Biography ; African American women civil rights workers / Mississippi / Biography ; Civil rights workers / Mississippi / Biography ; Civil rights movements / United States / History / 20th century ; Civil rights movements / Mississippi / History / 20th century ; African Americans / Civil rights / History / 20th century ; African Americans / Civil rights / Mississippi / History / 20th century ; Hamer, Fannie Lou ; African American women civil rights workers ; African Americans / Civil rights ; Civil rights movements ; Civil rights workers ; Mississippi ; United States ; Biographies ; History ; Biographies ; Biografie ; Biografie ; Biografie ; Hamer, Fannie Lou 1917-1977
    Kurzfassung: "Kate Clifford Larson's biography of Fannie Lou Hamer is the most complete ever written, drawing on recently declassified sources on both Hamer and the civil rights movement, including unredacted FBI and Department of Justice files. It also makes full use of interviews with Civil Rights activists conducted by the Smithsonian and the Library of Congress, and Democratic National Committee archives, in addition to extensive conversations with Hamer's family and with those with whom she worked most closely. Stirring, immersive, and authoritative, Walk with Me does justice to Fannie Lou Hamer's life, capturing in full the spirit, and the voice, that led the fight for freedom and equality in America at its critical moment." --
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  • 30
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p.)
    Serie: OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers no.161
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Agricultural producers in the United States have significant experience in managing the risk of natural hazard-induced disasters (NHID), but the 2019 Midwestern Floods and Hurricane Florence in 2018 highlighted the importance of increasing resilience to extreme floods. A number of current practices already build resilience. Producers can access science-based information on adaptation to climate and weather-related risks, preparedness and recovery, including through the USDA Climate Hubs. Formal networks build relationships and capabilities before a disaster, improving the effectiveness of disaster preparedness and response. USDA conservation programmes and various soil health initiatives help farmers to mitigate the impacts of floods on production. However, most farm support is directed to agricultural risk management policies and disaster assistance that help producers cope with the impacts of NHID. Integrating resilience objectives into these programmes would send a clearer signal to producers about the need to adapt and increase resilience. Policy makers should also engage with trusted stakeholders – including farm organisations and extension agents – to promote the benefits of practices that build resilience to NHID ID.
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  • 31
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264572874 , 9789264807143 , 9789264522725
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (78 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Steuerstrafrecht ; Steuerfahndung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Taxation ; Argentina ; Australia ; Austria ; Azerbaijan ; Brazil ; Canada ; Chile ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Czech Republic ; Estonia ; France ; Georgia ; Germany ; Greece ; Honduras ; Hungary ; Iceland ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Korea, Republic of ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; South Africa ; Spain ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: First published in 2017, Fighting Tax Crime - The Ten Global Principles is the first comprehensive guide to fighting tax crimes. It sets out ten essential principles covering the legal, institutional, administrative, and operational aspects necessary for developing an efficient and effective system for identifying, investigating and prosecuting tax crimes, while respecting the rights of accused taxpayers. This second edition addresses new challenges, such as tackling professionals who enable tax and white-collar crimes, and fostering international co-operation in the recovery of assets. Drawing on the experiences of jurisdictions in all continents, the report also highlights successful cases relating to the misuse of virtual assets, complex investigations involving joint task forces, and the use of new technology tools to fight tax crimes and other financial crimes. The Ten Global Principles are an essential element of the OECD’s Oslo Dialogue, a whole-of-government approach for fighting tax crimes and illicit financial flows. Alongside the policy document, the second edition is joined by 33 country chapters, detailing jurisdictions’ domestic tax crime enforcement frameworks as well as the progress made in implementing the Ten Global Principles. These chapters are available separately online.
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  • 32
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264597846 , 9789264337947 , 9789264333444
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Entwicklungshilfe ; Statistische Methode ; Entwicklungsländer ; Development ; Australia ; Canada ; Denmark ; Italy ; Japan ; Korea, Democratic People's Republic of ; Norway ; Poland ; Portugal ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Sound and timely data and statistics are essential for designing better policies for better lives. When the right data are available and used by policy makers, they play a crucial role in managing crises, as revealed during the COVID-19 pandemic. They are also indispensable for transparent and accountable delivery of policies and services and to guide business and investment decisions in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The first 2021 edition of the OECD’s Data for Development Profiles is a unique source of information and insights on how members of the Development Co-operation Committee (DAC) allocate official development assistance (ODA) to statistical capacity development and strengthening data ecosystems in low and middle income countries. By providing a comprehensive overview of members’ data and statistical policy priorities, strategies, funding, delivery modalities and partnerships, the profiles serve as a baseline for co-ordinating international support and highlight ways forward for greater impact and effectiveness.
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9789264647435 , 9789264987487 , 9789264614253
    Sprache: Italienisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (190 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Building Agricultural Resilience to Natural Hazard-induced Disasters: Insights from Country Case Studies
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Chile ; Italy ; Japan ; Namibia ; New Zealand ; Turkey ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Le calamità legate a rischi naturali (NHID), come inondazioni, siccità, violente tempeste, parassiti e malattie animali, hanno un impatto significativo, diffuso e di lunga durata sui settori agricoli di tutto il mondo. Poiché il cambiamento climatico è destinato ad amplificare molti di questi impatti, un approccio "business-as-usual" alla gestione del rischio di calamitá naturali in agricoltura non può continuare se si vogliono affrontare le sfide della produttività agricola, della crescita sostenibile, e dello sviluppo sostenibile. Attingendo da sette studi di caso - Cile, Italia, Giappone, Namibia, Nuova Zelanda, Turchia e Stati Uniti - questo rapporto congiunto OCSE-FAO propone un nuovo approccio per rafforzare la resilienza alle calamità legate a rischi naturali in agricoltura. Esplora le misure politiche, gli accordi di governance, le strategie aziendali e altre iniziative che i paesi stanno usando per rafforzare la resilienza agricola alle calamità legate a rischi naturali, evidenziando le buone pratiche emergenti. Offre raccomandazioni concrete su ciò che è necessario fare per passare da un approccio mirato ad assorbire gli impatti dei disastri, ad un approccio ex ante che si concentri sulla prevenzione e sulla mitigazione degli impatti dei disastri, aiutando il settore a essere meglio preparato a rispondere ad essi e ad adattarsi e trasformarsi per affrontare le calamità future.
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  • 34
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (13 p.)
    Serie: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Schlagwort(e): Betriebliche Ausbildung ; Berufsbildung ; Coronavirus ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia ; Denmark ; France ; Germany ; Japan ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The COVID-19 crisis is leading to reductions in work-based learning opportunities for vocational education and training (VET) students.This policy brief argues that VET programmes can be adapted to deliver practical components of VET in school-based settings when there is a persistent shortage of work-based learning opportunities. It also describes how innovative technologies such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR) and simulators can be utilised to facilitate school-based delivery of practical learning, but also to improve the effectiveness of face-to-face and online teaching in VET in the longer‑term.
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  • 35
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (59 p.)
    Serie: OECD Regulatory Policy Working Papers no.14
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Trade ; Australia ; Brazil ; Brunei Darussalam ; Canada ; Chile ; Colombia ; Japan ; Mexico ; New Zealand ; Peru ; Singapore ; United States ; Viet Nam
    Kurzfassung: This paper presents a stocktaking of standalone chapters in trade agreements dedicated to good regulatory practices and international regulatory co-operation. While standalone regulatory policy chapters in trade agreements remain a new development, they signal countries’ increasing interest in elevating the visibility and ambition of regulatory policy, in line with their commitments in the 2012 OECD Recommendation of the Council on Regulatory Policy and Governance and the 2005 APEC-OECD Integrated Checklist on Regulatory Reform. Still, the level of ambition of these chapters varies widely depending on the state of play of regulatory policy in trading partners. By comparing the main substantive and structural features of these chapters, this stocktaking aims to inform the development of similar chapters in future trade agreements.
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  • 36
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264911260 , 9789264348738 , 9789264752788
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (174 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Katastrophenschutz ; Katastrophe ; Landwirtschaft ; Coping-Strategie ; Chile ; Italien ; Japan ; Namibia ; Neuseeland ; Türkei ; USA ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Chile ; Italy ; Japan ; Namibia ; New Zealand ; Turkey ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Natural hazard-induced disasters (NHID), such as floods, droughts, severe storms, and animal pests and diseases have significant, widespread and long-lasting impacts on agricultural sectors around the world. With climate change set to amplify many of these impacts, a “business-as-usual” approach to disaster risk management in agriculture cannot continue if we are to meet the challenges of agricultural productivity and sustainability growth, and sustainable development. Drawing from seven case studies – Chile, Italy, Japan, Namibia, New Zealand, Turkey and the United States – this joint OECD-FAO report argues for a new approach to building resilience to NHID in agriculture. It explores the policy measures, governance arrangements, on-farm strategies and other initiatives that countries are using to increase agricultural resilience to NHID, highlighting emerging good practices. It offers concrete recommendations on what more needs to be done to shift from coping with the impacts of disasters, to an ex ante approach that focuses on preventing and mitigating the impacts of disasters, helping the sector be better prepared to respond to disasters, and to adapt and transform in order to be better positioned for future disasters.
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  • 37
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 21, no. 3 | volume:21 | year:2021 | number:3
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (28 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 21, no. 3
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:21
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2021
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Barry B. Anderson
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  • 38
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264946583
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 87 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD skills studies
    Schlagwort(e): Humankapital ; Qualifikation ; Bildungspolitik ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Südostasien ; Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Australia ; Brunei Darussalam ; Cambodia ; Germany ; Indonesia ; Japan ; Korea, Republic of ; Lao People's Democratic Republic ; Malaysia ; Myanmar ; Philippines ; Singapore ; Thailand ; United States ; Viet Nam ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Skills are central to the capacity of countries and people to thrive in a rapidly changing world. Recovering from the COVID-19 pandemic will require countries to co-ordinate interventions to help recent graduates find jobs, reactivate the skills of displaced workers and use skills effectively in workplaces. Megatrends such as globalisation, climate change, technological progress and demographic change will continue to reshape work and society. Countries should take action now to develop and use more effectively the skills required for the world of the future and at the same time make their skills systems more resilient and adaptable in the context of change and uncertainty. The OECD Skills Strategy provides countries with a strategic approach to assess their skills challenges and opportunities. The foundation of this approach is the OECD Skills Strategy framework allowing countries to explore how they can improve i) developing relevant skills, ii) using skills effectively, and iii) strengthening the governance of the skills system. This report applies the OECD Skills Strategy framework to Southeast Asia, providing an overview of the region’s skills challenges and opportunities in the context of COVID-19 and megatrends, and identifying good practices for improving skills outcomes. This report lays the foundation for a more fully elaborated Skills Strategy for Southeast Asia.
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  • 39
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264545458 , 9789264390027 , 9789264367715
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 192 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD reviews of vocational education and training
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Teachers and leaders in vocational education and training
    Schlagwort(e): Berufsbildung ; Lehrkräfte ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Science and Technology ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Vocational education and training (VET) plays a central role in preparing young people for work, developing the skills of adults and responding to the labour-market needs of the economy. Teachers and leaders in VET can have an immediate and positive influence on learners’ skills, employability and career development. However, when compared to general academic programmes, there is limited evidence on the characteristics of teachers and institutional leaders in VET and the policies and practices of attracting and preparing them. VET teachers require a mix of pedagogical skills and occupational knowledge and experience, and need to keep these up to date to reflect changing skill needs in the labour market and evolving teaching and learning environments. This report fills the knowledge gap on teachers and leaders in VET, and produces new insights into what strategies and policies can help develop and maintain a well-prepared workforce. It zooms in on VET teacher shortages; strategies for attracting and retaining teachers; initial training and professional development opportunities for teachers; the use of innovative technologies and pedagogical strategies; and the important role of institutional leaders and strategies for better preparing and supporting them.
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  • 40
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (50 p.)
    Serie: OECD Development Co-operation Working Papers no.95
    Schlagwort(e): Entwicklungshilfe ; Blockchain ; Education ; Energy ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Australia ; Bangladesh ; Estonia ; Ghana ; India ; Jordan ; Kenya ; Nigeria ; Pakistan ; Philippines ; Senegal ; South Africa ; United States ; Vanuatu
    Kurzfassung: Blockchain is mainstreaming, but the number of blockchain for development use-cases with proven success beyond the pilot stage remain relatively few. This paper outlines key blockchain concepts and implications in order to help policymakers reach realistic conclusions when considering its use. The paper surveys the broad landscape of blockchain for development to identify where the technology can optimise development impact and minimise harm. It subsequently critically examines four successful applications, including the World Food Programme’s Building Blocks, Oxfam’s UnBlocked Cash project, KfW’s TruBudget and Seso Global. As part of the on-going work co-ordinated by the OECD’s Blockchain Policy Centre, this paper asserts that post-COVID-19, Development Assistance Committee (DAC) donors and their development partners have a unique opportunity to shape blockchain’s implementation.
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  • 41
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.)
    Serie: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Schlagwort(e): Arbeitsnachfrage ; Anforderungsprofil ; Qualifikation ; Personalbeschaffung ; Coronavirus ; Australien ; Kanada ; Neuseeland ; Großbritannien ; USA ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia ; Canada ; New Zealand ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: This policy brief uses online job vacancy postings as a partial indicator of the impact of COVID-19 on skills demand in five OECD countries (Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States) between January and November 2020. The pandemic, as well as containment and mitigation measures designed to halt its spread, had a large but heterogeneous impact on the demand for skills. By early May, the total volume of online job vacancies had fallen by over 50% in all the countries analysed with respect to the beginning of the year, with even larger declines in some sectors. However, the demand for specific skills in the healthcare sector and in logistics increased. There is also evidence of an increase in vacancies involving remote-working arrangements. The brief also shows that the crisis affected differently individuals with different levels of educational qualifications and that such effect differed across the countries analysed.
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  • 42
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264813274 , 9789264539976 , 9789264956902
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (90 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Arctic Council ; Luftreinhaltung ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Arktis ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Canada ; Denmark ; Finland ; Iceland ; Norway ; Russian Federation ; Sweden ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The Arctic is a vital region that helps preserve the balance of the global climate. The Arctic environment is particularly sensitive to short-lived climate pollutants, including black carbon, due to their strong warming effect. With ambitious policy action to reduce air pollutants, Arctic Council countries would obtain a positive effect on health and the environment throughout their territory, while also helping to slow down climate change by reducing emissions of black carbon. This report calls for ambitious policy action to reduce air pollution in Arctic Council countries, highlighting the environmental, health, and economic benefits from policy action.
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  • 43
    ISBN: 9789264579019 , 9789264366824 , 9789264955110
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (107 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Thorn, William Schooling during a pandemic
    Schlagwort(e): OECD ; Schüler ; Schulbesuch ; Telearbeit ; Psychische Krankheit ; Coronavirus ; OECD-Staaten ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Gesundheit ; COVID-19 ; Fernstudium ; Fernunterricht ; Lernen ; E-Learning ; Student ; Schüler ; Elternarbeit ; Schule ; Arbeitsbedingungen ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Employment ; Australia ; Belgium ; Canada ; Czech Republic ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Ireland ; Italy ; Netherlands ; Switzerland ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: This report offers an initial overview of the available information regarding the circumstances, nature and outcomes of the education of schoolchildren during the first wave of COVID-19 lockdowns of March-April 2020. Its purpose is primarily descriptive: it presents information from high quality quantitative studies on the experience of learning during this period in order to ground the examination and discussion of these issues in empirical examples. Information is presented on three interrelated topics: the nature of the educational experience during the period of lockdowns and school closures; the home environment in which education took place for the vast majority of schoolchildren; the effects on the mental health and learning outcomes for children during this period. The data come primarily from 5 countries (France, Germany, Ireland, the United Kingdom and the United States) with additional information on some aspects for 6 additional countries (Australia, Belgium (Flanders), Canada, Finland, Italy and the Netherlands). This report will be of interest to policy makers, academics, education stakeholders and anyone interested in a first international empirical analysis of the effects of the pandemic on the lives and education of schoolchildren.
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  • 44
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (22 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Medidas políticas clave de la OCDE ante el coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe An assessment of the impact of COVID-19 on job and skills demand using online job vacancy data
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia ; Canada ; New Zealand ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Este informe de políticas utiliza los anuncios de ofertas de empleos en línea como un indicador parcial del impacto del COVID-19 en la demanda de competencias en cinco países de la OCDE (Australia, Canadá, Estados Unidos, Nueva Zelanda y Reino Unido) entre enero y noviembre de 2020. La pandemia, así como las medidas de contención y mitigación para detener su propagación, tuvieron un gran pero heterogéneo impacto en la demanda de competencias. Para inicios de mayo, el volumen total de ofertas de empleo en línea había caído más de 50% en todos los países analizados con respecto a principios del año, con descensos aún mayores en algunos sectores. Sin embargo, la demanda de competencias específicas en el sector salud y logística aumentó. También hay evidencia de un aumento de las vacantes que implican acuerdos de trabajo remoto. El informe también muestra que la crisis afectó de forma diferente a personas con distintos niveles de cualificaciones educativas y que dicho efecto difiere entre los países analizados.
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  • 45
    Buch
    Buch
    New York : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780197519172
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: xxiii, 166 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karte , 24 cm
    Serie: Debating american history
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Sipress, Joel M Fire in the streets
    DDC: 303.48/409046
    Schlagwort(e): Counterculture Sources History 20th century ; Protest movements Sources History 20th century ; Counterculture ; Protest movements ; Social conditions ; History ; Sources ; United States Sources Social conditions 1960-1980 ; United States Sources History 1961-1969 ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The Big Question -- Timeline -- Historian's Conversations -- Debating the Question: Economic Data from the Postwar Boom -- Postwar American Liberalism -- The Racial Crisis of the 1960s -- The Youth Rebellion -- The Experience of Vietnam -- The Women's Movement -- The Gay and Lesbian Movement -- The Conservative Backlash.
    Kurzfassung: "A higher education History primary source textbook that embraces an argument based model for teaching history. It is part of the Debating American History series, and covers the social crisis of the 1960s"--
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 46
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780191938528
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (320 pages) , illustrations (black and white, and colour).
    Ausgabe: First edition.
    Serie: Oxford scholarship online
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Pike, David L., 1963 - Cold War space and culture in the 1960s and 1980s
    DDC: 909.825
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Cold War in popular culture ; Bunkers (fortification) in popular culture ; Cold War (1945-1989) in popular culture ; United States ; USA ; Ost-West-Konflikt ; Popkultur ; Literatur ; Geschichte 1960-1990
    Kurzfassung: 'Cold War Space and Culture in the 1960s and 1980s' studies the two periods in which Americans were actively encouraged to excavate their own backyards while governments the world over exhausted their budgets on fortified super-shelters and megaton bombs. The dreams and nightmares inspired by the spectre of nuclear destruction were expressed in images and forms from comics, movies, and pulp paperbacks to policy documents, protest movements, and survivalist tracts. Illustrated with photographs, artwork, and movie and television stills of real and imagined fallout shelters and other bunker fantasies, David L. Pike's continues his decades-long exploration of the meanings of modern undergrounds.
    Anmerkung: This edition also issued in print: 2021. - Includes bibliographical references and index. - Description based on online resource; title from home page (viewed on October 21, 2021)
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  • 47
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264751804
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Skills Studies
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Strengthening the governance of skills systems
    Schlagwort(e): Bildungspolitik ; Qualifikation ; Estland ; Deutschland ; Südkorea ; Norwegen ; Portugal ; USA ; Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Estonia ; Germany ; Korea, Republic of ; Norway ; Portugal ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The governance of skills systems has always raised a number of challenges for governments. Being at the intersection of education, labour market, industrial and other policy domains, managing skills policies is inherently complex. Addressing these challenges is more than ever crucial as globalisation, technological progress and demographic change are putting daunting pressures on skills systems to ensure that all members of society are equipped with the skills necessary to thrive in a rapidly changing world. Strengthening the Governance of Skills Systems: Lessons from Six OECD Countries provides advice on how to make the governance of skills systems effective. Building on the OECD Skills Strategy 2019, which identified four main challenges of skills systems governance, the report presents examples of how six different countries (Estonia, Germany, Korea, Norway, Portugal and the United States) have responded to one or several of these challenges. It also outlines concrete policy recommendations together with a self-assessment tool which provides guidance to policy makers and stakeholders for designing better skills systems that deliver better skills outcomes.
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  • 48
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting 20(2020), 2 vom: 31. Juli, Seite 133-184 | volume:20 | year:2020 | number:2 | day:31 | month:07 | pages:133-184
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Sprache: Englisch
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: 20(2020), 2 vom: 31. Juli, Seite 133-184
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:20
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2020
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: day:31
    Angaben zur Quelle: month:07
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:133-184
    Schlagwort(e): budgetary governance ; public financial management ; Slovak Republic ; Governance ; Economics ; Finance and Investment ; United States ; Aufsatz in Zeitschrift
    Kurzfassung: This review looks at how the budgeting and public financial management system, as managed and co-ordinated by the Ministry of Finance, effectively supports Principles 2 and 3 of the OECD Recommendation on Budgetary Governance (2015). This report is divided into four sections providing recommendations at the end of each based on the OECD Principles of Budgetary Governance.
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  • 49
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264379923 , 9789264387171 , 9789264687448
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (142 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Études de l'OCDE sur les compétences
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Skills Matter: Additional Results from the Survey of Adult Skills
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Employment ; Algeria ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Canada ; Chile ; Cyprus ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Ecuador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hungary ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Kazakhstan ; Korea, Republic of ; Lithuania ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Peru ; Poland ; Russian Federation ; Singapore ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Turkey ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: La révolution technologique qui a marqué les dernières décennies du XXe siècle a entraîné une forte augmentation de la demande de facultés de traitement de l’information et d’autres compétences cognitives et interpersonnelles sur le marché du travail. Sur la base des résultats des 33 pays et régions ayant participé aux deux premières vagues de l'Enquête sur les compétences des adultes en 2011-12 et 2014-15, ce rapport décrit les compétences dans trois domaines de traitement de l'information et examine comment les compétences sont liées au marché du travail et aux résultats sociaux. Il décrit notamment les résultats des six pays ayant participé à la troisième vague du premier cycle du PIAAC en 2017-18 (Équateur, États-Unis, Hongrie, Kazakhstan, Mexique et Pérou). L’Évaluation des compétences des adultes, un produit du Programme de l’OCDE pour l’évaluation internationale des compétences des adultes (PIAAC), a été conçue pour montrer dans quelle mesure les individus possèdent certaines de ces facultés et compétences clés et comment ils les utilisent dans le cadre professionnel et dans la vie privée. Cette enquête, la première du genre, évalue directement le niveau de compétence dans trois domaines du traitement de l’information : la littératie, la numératie et la résolution de problèmes.
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  • 50
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264480865 , 9789264598287 , 9789264751644
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (175 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Early learning and child well-being
    Schlagwort(e): Frühkindliche Bildung ; Sozialer Indikator ; Kinder ; England ; USA ; Estland ; Education ; Estonia ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The first five years of a child’s life is a period of great opportunity, and risk. The cognitive and social-emotional skills that children develop in these early years have long-lasting impacts on their later outcomes throughout schooling and adulthood. The International Early Learning and Child Well-Being Study was designed to help countries assess their children’s skills and development, to understand how these relate to children’s early learning experiences and well-being. The study provides countries with comparative data on children’s early skills to assist countries to better identify factors that promote or hinder children’s early learning. Three countries participated in this study in 2018: England (United Kingdom), Estonia and the United States. The study directly assessed the emergent literacy and numeracy, self-regulation and social-emotional skills of a representative sample of five-year-old children in registered school and ECEC settings in each participating country. It also collected contextual and assessment information from the children’s parents and teachers. This report sets out the findings from the study as a whole.
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  • 51
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.)
    Serie: OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Papers no.22
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Australia ; Austria ; Azerbaijan ; Belarus ; Belgium ; Brazil ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Georgia ; Greece ; Hungary ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Kazakhstan ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Lithuania ; Luxembourg ; Malaysia ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Peru ; Philippines ; Poland ; Portugal ; Serbia ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Spain ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Thailand ; Turkey ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The COVID-19 crisis has had a profound impact on SME access to finance. In particular, the sudden drop in revenues created acute liquidity shortages, threatening the survival of many viable businesses. The report documents an increase in demand for bank lending in the first half of 2020, and a steady supply of credit thanks to government interventions. On the other hand, other sources of finance declined, in particular early-stage equity. This paper, a special edition of Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs, focuses on the impacts of COVID-19 on SME access to finance, along with government policy responses. It reveals that the pre-crisis financing environment was broadly favourable for SMEs and entrepreneurs, who benefited from low interest rates, loose credit standards and an increasingly diverse offer of financing instruments. It documents the unprecedented scope and scale of the policy responses undertaken by governments world-wide, and details their key characteristics, and outlines the principal issues and policy challenges for the next phases of the pandemic, such as the over-indebtedness of SMEs and the need to continue to foster a diverse range of financing instruments for SMEs.
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  • 52
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting 20(2020), 2 vom: 31. Juli, Seite 9-26 | volume:20 | year:2020 | number:2 | day:31 | month:07 | pages:9-26
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Sprache: Englisch
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: 20(2020), 2 vom: 31. Juli, Seite 9-26
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:20
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2020
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: day:31
    Angaben zur Quelle: month:07
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:9-26
    Schlagwort(e): accrual budgeting ; federal retirement ; federal budgeting ; federal insurance ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics ; Slovak Republic ; United States ; Aufsatz in Zeitschrift
    Kurzfassung: Federal retirement programmes and some federal insurance programmes have long-term effects on the budget. But the federal budget process typically uses cash-based accounting measures that cover a 10-year period, which may be too short to accurately report those programmes’ net budgetary effects over the long term. In contrast, using accrual accounting for such programmes would accelerate the recognition of long-term costs and would display the expected costs of new commitments when they were incurred and thus were most controllable. However, such estimates are less transparent and verifiable than cash-based estimates, involve more uncertainty, and can complicate budget reporting.
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  • 53
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (26 p.)
    Serie: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers no.2020/06
    Schlagwort(e): Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services ; United States
    Kurzfassung: This paper explores patterns of short-term labour demand weakening in Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) of the United States and the associated regional factors. The paper considers online job vacancy postings in February-June 2020. The data show that in larger MSAs, online job postings contracted more and the recovery was slower compared to smaller MSAs. Non-tradable service occupations, particularly those involving face-to-face interactions, contracted the most. The regression analysis reveals that different metropolitan characteristics were associated with the initial drop (February-April) and the recovery (May-June) in online job posting. The associations of online job postings with regional characteristics also differed between teleworkable (with high feasibility of performing work duties remotely) and non-teleworkable jobs. Cities with higher share of teleworkable employment had more online vacancy announcements during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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  • 54
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD economic policy paper no. 28 (April 2020)
    Serie: OECD Economic Policy Papers no.28
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Brazil ; Canada ; China, People’s Republic ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; India ; Indonesia ; Italy ; Japan ; Korea, Republic of ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; Norway ; Spain ; Switzerland ; United States ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: The design of intergovernmental fiscal relations can help to ensure that tax and spending powers are assigned in a way to promote sustainable and inclusive economic growth. Decentralisation can enable sub-central governments to provide better public services for households and firms, while it can also make intergovernmental frameworks more complex, harming equity. The challenges of fiscal federalism are multi-faceted and involve difficult trade-offs. This synthesis paper consolidates much of the OECD’s work on fiscal federalism over the past 15 years, with a particular focus on OECD Economic Surveys. The paper identifies a range of good practices on the design of country policies and institutions related strengthening fiscal capacity delineating responsibilities across evels of government and improving intergovernmental co-ordination.
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  • 55
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting 20(2020), 2 vom: 31. Juli, Seite 67-96 | volume:20 | year:2020 | number:2 | day:31 | month:07 | pages:67-96
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Sprache: Englisch
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: 20(2020), 2 vom: 31. Juli, Seite 67-96
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:20
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2020
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: day:31
    Angaben zur Quelle: month:07
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:67-96
    Schlagwort(e): equality ; framework ; budgeting ; Gender ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics ; Slovak Republic ; United States ; Aufsatz in Zeitschrift
    Kurzfassung: Gender inequality is an important and visible issue for OECD countries and the costs are borne at both social and economic levels. In line with the 2015 OECD Recommendation on Gender Equality in Public Life, gender budgeting ensures that gender equality considerations are taken systematically into account in tax and spending decisions. Effective implementation of gender budgeting has the potential to improve gender equality, ensure a sense of fairness and contribute to inclusive economic growth. This paper draws on the experiences of OECD countries and aims to provide insights into how the budget process can develop as a tool to support gender equality goals; the different ways in which gender budgeting can be implemented; and the factors that help provide an enabling environment for gender budgeting. Arising from this analysis, this paper proposes initial guidelines for designing and implementing gender budgeting to assist countries in putting in place an effective and sustainable approach. It also presents a first pass at a composite index for gender budgeting which assesses the extent to which OECD countries gender budgeting efforts are characterised by a strong strategic framework, effective tools of implementation and an enabling environment.
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  • 56
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264329508 , 9789264710146 , 9789264411753
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (124 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Australia ; Canada ; Denmark ; Estonia ; France ; Germany ; Netherlands ; Norway ; Portugal ; Sweden ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: It is increasingly understood that entrepreneurship plays a critical role in economic growth and well-being. But which policies can governments develop to release its benefits? This publication offers guidance and inspiration. It identifies the range of entrepreneurship policies being pursued internationally, the problems the policies seek to solve and how they are designed and implemented. The focus is on how to create a broad base of start-ups with the potential for sustainability and growth by building a pipeline of new entrepreneurs, supporting start-ups to overcome barriers in areas such as skills, finance and innovation and stimulating vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystems. The publication examines the rationale for entrepreneurship policy, presents a typology of policy approaches and highlights principles for policy success. The points are illustrated by 16 case studies of inspiring practice policies from 12 OECD countries. These cases span policies for regulations and taxation, entrepreneurship education and training, advice and coaching, access to finance, internationalisation, innovation, and holistic packages for ecosystem building. Helpful summary tables guide readers to the information that will respond to their questions. The publication will give readers an overview of key entrepreneurship policy interventions and tips on entrepreneurship policy success.
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  • 57
    ISBN: 9789264630710 , 9789264780217 , 9789264411494
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (450 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Higher Education
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Labour market relevance and outcomes of higher education in four US States
    Schlagwort(e): Washington (Staat) ; Studium ; Bildungsertrag ; Ohio ; Texas ; Virginia ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United States ; Ohio ; Texas ; Virginia ; Washington ; Studium ; Arbeitsmarkt
    Kurzfassung: Across OECD countries, higher education graduates enjoy higher employment rates and earnings than workers with only an upper secondary qualification. However, not all graduates find jobs that make full use of their skills and help them launch rewarding careers, and employers in some economic sectors point to a lack of qualified graduates. Policy makers are concerned about the current alignment of higher education systems to labour markets, and are increasingly uneasy about the future of work and the resilience of higher education systems in uncertain economic times. This report, which focuses on four US states – Ohio, Texas, Virginia and Washington – is the third of a series of country-specific reviews conducted as part of the OECD project on the labour market relevance and outcomes of higher education. The report offers a comprehensive review of graduate outcomes and policies supporting alignment between higher education and the labour market in the four participating states in 2018-19, an overview of the US labour market and higher education context, and a range of policy examples from across OECD jurisdictions to help improve the alignment of higher education and the labour market.
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  • 58
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264972223 , 9789264387362 , 9789264720404
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (175 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Early learning and child well-being in the United States
    Schlagwort(e): Frühkindliche Bildung ; Kinder ; Sozialer Indikator ; USA ; Education ; United States ; USA ; Kleinkinderziehung ; Sozialer Indikator
    Kurzfassung: The first five years of a child’s life is a period of great opportunity, and risk. The cognitive and social-emotional skills that children develop in these early years have long-lasting impacts on their later outcomes throughout schooling and adulthood. This report sets out the findings from the International Early Learning and Child Well-being Study in the United States. The study assesses children’s skills across both cognitive and social-emotional development, and how these relate to children’s early learning experiences at home and in early childhood education and care. It is enriched by contextual and assessment information from the children’s parents and educators. It provides comparative data on children’s early skills with children from England and Estonia, who also participated in the study, to better identify factors that promote or hinder children’s early learning.
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  • 59
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting 20(2020), 2 vom: 31. Juli, Seite 27-66 | volume:20 | year:2020 | number:2 | day:31 | month:07 | pages:27-66
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Sprache: Englisch
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: 20(2020), 2 vom: 31. Juli, Seite 27-66
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:20
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2020
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Angaben zur Quelle: day:31
    Angaben zur Quelle: month:07
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:27-66
    Schlagwort(e): monitoring ; fiscal risks ; Subnational accounting ; balance sheets ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics ; Slovak Republic ; United States ; Aufsatz in Zeitschrift
    Kurzfassung: The early detection of state and local fiscal problems can help in resolving them quickly before they turn into crises. Early detection should be easier if subnational governments prepare high-quality accounts. A survey and case studies were therefore undertaken to investigate the nature of subnational accounting in OECD and key partner countries, as well as the use of subnational accounts by national governments that monitor subnational finances. The results show that in many countries subnational accounting has characteristics that should help in the early detection of fiscal problems, including the use of accrual accounts prepared according to largely harmonised standards. Many national governments use a wide range of indicators from the accounts to monitor the financial health of subnational governments. However, there is room for progress including in the monitoring of non-financial assets and reporting of currently off-balance sheet liabilities.
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  • 60
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (51 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe The impact of COVID-19 on SME financing: A special edition of the OECD Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs Scoreboard
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Australia ; Austria ; Azerbaijan ; Belarus ; Belgium ; Brazil ; Canada ; Chile ; China, People’s Republic ; Colombia ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Georgia ; Greece ; Hungary ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Kazakhstan ; Korea, Republic of ; Latvia ; Lithuania ; Luxembourg ; Malaysia ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Peru ; Philippines ; Poland ; Portugal ; Serbia ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; South Africa ; Spain ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Thailand ; Turkey ; Ukraine ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Ce rapport est une édition spéciale du Tableau de bord de l’OCDE sur le financement des PME et des entrepreneurs, publication phare de l’OCDE. Il examine en détail les conséquences du COVID-19 sur l’accès des PME au financement, ainsi que les mesures prises en conséquence par les pouvoirs publics. Il apparaît qu’avant la crise, les conditions de financement étaient globalement favorables pour les PME et les entrepreneurs, qui bénéficiaient de faibles taux d’intérêt, de critères accommodants d’octroi des crédits et d’une offre de plus en plus diversifiée d’instruments de financement. Mais la crise du COVID‑19 a profondément bouleversé l’accès des PME au financement. Plus particulièrement, l’effondrement brutal du chiffre d’affaires des entreprises a provoqué de graves pénuries de liquidités qui ont mis en danger la survie de bon nombre d’entreprises viables. Ce rapport fait état d’une augmentation de la demande de prêts bancaires au cours du premier semestre de 2020, et d’une stabilité de l’offre de crédit grâce à l’action des pouvoirs publics. Parallèlement, on a observé un recul d’autres sources de financement, en particulier l’apport de fonds propres au stade du démarrage. Le rapport réunit des données sur le périmètre et l’ampleur des mesures prises par les gouvernements dans le monde, et en précise les principales caractéristiques. Il décrit les principaux enjeux stratégiques du financement des PME qui se poseront au cours des prochaines phases de la pandémie ; il s’agira en effet d’éviter le surendettement des PME, de promouvoir une gamme diversifiée d’instruments de financement, de stimuler la création d’entreprises et de renforcer la résilience des PME par des mesures structurelles.
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  • 61
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 20, no. 2 | volume:20 | year:2020 | number:2
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (36 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 20, no. 2
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:20
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2020
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics ; Slovak Republic ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Insolvency frameworks stipulate rules and procedures to resolve debt in a prompt and orderly way. Such frameworks may serve to facilitate debt restructuring and the fiscal recovery even of subnational entities, including states and municipalities. They may even prevent subnational governments from sliding into insolvency. This paper identifies the benefits of setting up an insolvency framework for subnational governments, complementing existing budget rules and procedures. It analyses different design options of subnational insolvency frameworks by drawing on existing regimes for municipalities in Colombia, Hungary, South Africa, Switzerland and the United States as well as proposals for sovereign bankruptcy procedures in the literature. The paper also explores the main challenges for implementing subnational insolvency regimes and presents possible solutions.
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  • 62
    ISBN: 9780190900908
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: xxix, 240 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306.20973
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Sezessionskrieg ; USA Südstaaten ; Political culture / West (U.S.) / History ; Political culture / Southern States / History ; Oligarchy / United States / History ; Conservatism / United States / History ; Equality / United States / History ; United States / Territorial expansion / Political aspects ; United States / History / Civil War, 1861-1865 / Influence ; United States / Politics and government ; Conservatism ; Equality ; Influence (Literary, artistic, etc.) ; Oligarchy ; Political culture ; Politics and government ; Southern States ; United States ; West United States ; 1861-1865 ; History ; USA Südstaaten ; Sezessionskrieg
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 63
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    New York : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780190939588
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Oxford scholarship online
    Serie: Political Science
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Harrison, Brian F. A change is gonna come
    DDC: 320.014
    Schlagwort(e): Communication in politics ; Interpersonal communication ; Communication in politics ; United States ; Interpersonal communication ; United States ; United States ; USA ; Politische Kultur ; Öffentliche Meinung ; Kulturwandel
    Kurzfassung: As kids we were told to avoid talking about politics in polite company. However, the conventional wisdom no longer applies: we need to find a way to talk to each other about American politics, even with those (and especially those) with whom we disagree. While we've hashed and re-hashed bitter political disagreements, we have paid less attention to concrete, actionable ways to better understand each other. While it's true that, on average, public opinion doesn't change quickly, it does change: a prime example is how people think and feel about LGBTQ rights, which saw a meteoric change over the last few decades. Drawing on diverse areas of social research, this book identifies and explains where conversations fail and how we can start to dig out of our opinion silos to make reasonable changes in everyday, interpersonal political conversations.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 64
    ISBN: 9780190846787
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xviii, 1116 Seiten)
    Serie: Oxford handbooks online
    Serie: Law
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als The Oxford handbook of comparative health law
    DDC: 344.041
    Schlagwort(e): Medical laws and legislation ; Comparative law ; Medical laws and legislation ; Comparative law ; European Union countries ; Great Britain ; United States ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Großbritannien ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsrecht ; Europäische Union ; USA
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 65
    Buch
    Buch
    New York : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780190864422
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: XXI, 346 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    Ausgabe: Fourth edition
    DDC: 304.20973
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Human ecology History ; United States ; Philosophy of nature History ; United States ; Human beings Effect of environment of ; History ; United States ; United States Environmental conditions ; USA ; Natur ; Umwelt ; Geschichte
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  • 66
    Buch
    Buch
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780190695132
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: xv, 277 Seiten , Illustrationen , cm
    DDC: 305.9/08408697
    Schlagwort(e): Veterans Health ; Homeless Persons psychology ; Veterans psychology ; United States ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; USA ; Veteran ; Obdachlosigkeit ; Gesundheitsfürsorge
    Kurzfassung: Introduction and history of veteran homelessness / Jack Tsai -- Epidemiology of homelessness among veterans / Emily Brignone, Jamison Fargo, and Dennis Culhane -- Mental illness and substance use disorders among homeless veterans / Sonya Gabrielian, Ashton Gore, Lillian Gelberg, and Jack Tsai -- Primary care for homeless veterans / Thomas P. O'Toole -- Supported housing : twenty-five years of the housing and urban development-veterans affairs (HUD-VAS) program / Maria O'Connell and Robert A. Rosenheck -- Criminal justice issues among homeless veterans / Jessica Blue-Howells, Christine Timko, Sean Clark, and Andrea K. Finlay -- Homelessness and money management in military veterans / Eric Elbogen -- Unique considerations for homeless female veterans / Ann Elizabeth Montgomery, Thomas H. Byrne, and Melissa E. Dichter -- Homeless risk among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans / Steve Metraux -- Aging and mortality in homeless veterans / John A. Schinka and Thomas H. Byrne -- Homeless veterans and use of information technology / Keith McInnes and Sarah L. Cutrona
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 67
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    New York : New York University Press | Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9781479834853
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressourcece.
    Serie: NYU scholarship online
    DDC: 305.8957073
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Koreaner ; Familienbeziehung ; Korean Americans ; Korean Americans Family relationships ; Teenagers Family relationships ; Children of immigrants Family relationships ; Korean Americans Interviews ; United States ; USA
    Kurzfassung: This text about Korean American immigrant families is the result of a collaboration between an anthropologist and a psychologist. Combining quantitative surveys with family ethnography, the work explores the central question, 'How do Korean American teens and parents navigate immigrant America?' Both survey and ethnographic data reveals that acculturation differences between parents and teens - long assumed in the psychological literature to account for distress - did not necessarily make for family hardship.
    Anmerkung: Previously issued in print: 2018 , Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 68
    ISBN: 0190931353 , 9780190931353
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: xi, 242 Seiten , Diagramme , 24 cm
    DDC: 305.242
    Schlagwort(e): Spirituality Case studies ; Postmodernism Religious aspects ; Christianity 21st century ; Young adults Religious life ; Christianity ; Postmodernism ; Religious aspects ; Spirituality ; Young adults ; Religious life ; United States ; Case studies ; Case studies ; USA ; Erwachsener ; Religiöses Bewusstsein
    Kurzfassung: "Drawing from hundreds of interviews with devout believers, resolute skeptics, and everyone in between, The Twentysomething Soul tells an optimistic story about the lives of today's young adults." -- dust jacket flap
    Kurzfassung: Today's twentysomethings have been labeled the "lost generation" for their presumed inability to identify and lead fulfilling lives, "kidults" for their alleged refusal to "grow up" and accept adult responsibilities, and the "least religious generation" for their purported disinterest in religion and spirituality. These characterizations are not only unflattering -- they are wrong. The Twentysomething Soul tells an optimistic story about American twentysomethings by introducing readers to the full spectrum of American young adults, many of whom live purposefully, responsibly, and reflectively. Some prioritize faith and involvement in a religious congregation. Others reject their childhood religion to explore alternatives and practice a personal spirituality. Still others sideline religion and spirituality until their lives get settled, or reject organized religion completely. Drawing from interviews with more than 200 young adults, as well as national survey of 1,880 twentysomethings, Tim Clydesdale and Kathleen Garces-Foley seek to change the way we view contemporary young adults, giving an accurate and refreshing understanding of their religious, spiritual, and secular lives. --
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (pages 223-228) and index
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  • 69
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD productivity working papers no. 17 (January 2019)
    Serie: OECD productivity working papers
    Schlagwort(e): Unconventional monetary policy ; productivity ; capital reallocation ; bond markets ; United States ; United States ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: We examine the relationship between lax monetary policy, access to high-yield bond markets and productivity in the US between 2008 and 2016. Using monetary policy surprises, obtained from changes in interest rates futures in narrow windows around FOMC announcements, we isolate the increased access to high-yield bond markets relative to investment-grade bond markets that is due to unconventional monetary policy (UMP). We find that through the risk-taking channel, UMP has increased investors’ appetite for high-yield US corporate bonds, thereby increasing access to high-yield bond markets for firms with a higher risk profile. Since the relationship between credit ratings and firm-level productivity is U-shaped, the aggregate effect on productivity is a priori unclear. Turning to the real economy, we thus analyse whether this additional access to finance had an effect on aggregate productivity by altering the reallocation of resources across firms. Our results show that unconventional monetary policy induced less investment in tangible capital by high-productive firms. However, before drawing conclusions on the net effects of UMP on aggregate productivity, we discuss a number of issues that this paper could not deal with due to data limitations, including prominently whether this apparent misallocation may have been offset by a shift in the composition of investments towards more intangible investment.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 70
    ISBN: 9789264327658
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (91 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: United States (stage 2)
    Schlagwort(e): Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; USA ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; United States ; G-20-Staaten ; USA ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Konfliktregelung
    Kurzfassung: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 2 peer monitoring of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by the United States, which is accompanied by a document addressing the implementation of best practices which can be accessed on the OECD website.
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  • 71
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264332829 , 9789264799004 , 9789264811072
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (130 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Skills Studies
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Skills matter
    Schlagwort(e): Qualifikation ; Arbeitskräfte ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Algeria ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Canada ; Chile ; Cyprus ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Ecuador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hungary ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Kazakhstan ; Korea, Republic of ; Lithuania ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Peru ; Poland ; Russian Federation ; Singapore ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Turkey ; United Kingdom ; United States ; OECD ; Arbeitnehmer ; Berufliche Qualifikation
    Kurzfassung: In the wake of the technological revolution that began in the last decades of the 20th century, labour-market demand for information-processing and other high-level cognitive and interpersonal skills have been growing substantially. Based on the results from the 33 countries and regions that participated in the 1st and 2nd round of the Survey of Adult Skills in 2011-12 and in 2014-15, this report describes adults’ proficiency in three information-processing skills, and examines how proficiency is related to labour-market and social outcomes. It also places special emphasis on the results from the 3rd and final round of the first cycle of PIAAC in 2017-18, which included 6 countries (Ecuador, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Peru and the United States). The Survey of Adult Skills, a product of the OECD Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), was designed to provide insights into the availability of some of these key skills in society and how they are used at work and at home. The first survey of its kind, it directly measures proficiency in three information-processing skills: literacy, numeracy and problem-solving in technology-rich environments.
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  • 72
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    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264523531 , 9789264385139 , 9789264562165
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (132 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Skills Studies
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als The survey of adult skills
    Schlagwort(e): Erwachsene ; Qualifikation ; Bildungsniveau ; Erwachsenenbildung ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Canada ; Chile ; Cyprus ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Ecuador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hungary ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Kazakhstan ; Korea, Republic of ; Lithuania ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Peru ; Poland ; Russian Federation ; Singapore ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Turkey ; United Kingdom ; United States ; OECD ; Erwachsener ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Qualifikation
    Kurzfassung: This edition of the Reader’s Companion accompanies Skills Matter: Additional Results from the Survey of Adult Skills that reports the results from the 39 countries and regions that participated in the 3 rounds of data collection in the first cycle of PIAAC, with a particular focus on the 6 countries that participated in the third round of the study (Ecuador, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Peru and the United States). It describes the design and methodology of the survey and its relationship to other international assessments of young students and adults. The Survey of Adult Skills, a product of the OECD Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), was designed to provide insights into the availability of some key skills in society and how they are used at work and at home. The first survey of its kind, it directly measures proficiency in several information-processing skills – namely literacy, numeracy and problem solving in technology-rich environments.
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  • 73
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264310278
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD economic survey of the United States
    Schlagwort(e): Wirtschaftslage ; Großbritannien ; Development ; Economics ; United States ; USA ; Wirtschaftliche Lage ; Wirtschaftliche Stabilität
    Kurzfassung: This volume collects four studies that were prepared as background research to the 2018 OECD Economic Survey of the United States. Using micro-data survey responses, regional and sectorial data, these studies seek to provide insights into how employment responds to labour market disruption and the drivers of household financial vulnerability in the United States. This volume represents a collaborative effort by a team of OECD and academic researchers.
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  • 74
    Online-Ressource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Nuclear Law Bulletin Vol. 2018, no. 2 | volume:2018 | year:2018 | number:2
    Sprache: Englisch
    Titel der Quelle: Nuclear Law Bulletin
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2018, no. 2
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:2018
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2018
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:2
    Schlagwort(e): Nuclear Energy ; United States
    Kurzfassung: “Over the next 25 years, more than half the nuclear plants in the United States will turn 40, and their operating licenses will expire as they do. With no reactors on order and only two under construction, the nuclear industry’s hope for survival probably rests on continued operation of existing plants.”1
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  • 75
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    New York : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780190909253
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 244 Seiten)
    Serie: Oxford political theory
    Serie: Oxford scholarship online
    Serie: Political Science
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Song, Sarah, 1973 - Immigration and democracy
    DDC: 325.1
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Sovereignty ; Emigration and immigration Government policy ; Moral and ethical aspects ; Border security Government policy ; Democracy ; Emigration and immigration ; Government policy ; Moral and ethical aspects ; Border security ; Government policy ; Democracy ; Sovereignty ; United States ; Emigration and immigration ; Government policy ; United States Emigration and immigration ; Government policy ; United States ; USA ; Einwanderungspolitik ; Zuwanderungsrecht ; Grenzschutz ; Ethik
    Kurzfassung: 'Immigration and Democracy' develops an intermediate ethical position on immigration between closed borders and open borders. It argues that states have the right to control borders, but this right is qualified by an obligation to assist those outside their borders
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Previously issued in print: 2018 , Zielgruppe - Audience: Specialized
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  • 76
    Online-Ressource
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    New York : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780190213237
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (175 Seiten)
    Serie: Very Short Introductions
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Newman, Richard S., 1967 - Abolitionism
    DDC: 326/.8092
    Schlagwort(e): Electronic books ; Abolitionists ; Antislavery movements ; HISTORY ; Slavery ; United States ; Biography ; History ; Einführung ; Abolitionismus ; Geschichte
    Kurzfassung: A fresh synthesis of the abolitionist movement and ideas in the Anglo-American world.
    Kurzfassung: Cover -- Richard S. Newman Abolitionism A Very Short Introduction -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- List of illustrations -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction: Abolitionist agitation in a world of slavery and pain -- Abolitionism 101: Who, where, how, why? -- Abolitionists and human rights -- Abolitionism agitators and the triumph of reform -- Chapter 1: Early abolitionism -- Slavery's profits versus abolitionist prophets -- Abolitionist Friends -- Abolitionism in the Age of Revolution -- Abolitionist activism after 1776 -- Abolition and the U.S. Constitution -- Abolitionism at one hundred -- Chapter 2: The rise of black abolitionism and global antislavery struggles -- Saint-Domingue -- Black abolitionism in the United States -- Slave trade abolition and the second slavery -- Black protest redux -- David Walker -- Abolitionist media -- Chapter 3: The time is now -- Radical black protest and British abolitionists -- Immediate abolition -- Core abolitionists: African Americans and women -- The grind: antislavery work -- Bold activism -- The anti-abolitionist wall in the North -- Chapter 4: The abolitionist crossroads -- Abolitionist divisions: From the woman question to antislavery political parties -- Abolitionist synergies -- Global abolitionism in the 1840s -- Racial divisions in transatlantic abolition -- White radicals and confrontational abolitionism -- The Underground Railroad -- The North Star international -- Chapter 5: The abolitionist renaissance and the coming of the Civil War -- The Fugitive Slave Law and the abolitionist renaissance -- A literary renaissance -- Black abolitionist renaissance -- Abolitionist politics and the abolitionist constitution -- The rise of the Republican Party -- Chapter 6: American emancipations -- John Brown: abolitionist -- Abolition, secession, and war.
    Anmerkung: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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  • 77
    ISBN: 9780190221171 , 9780190221188 , 9780190221195 , 9780190221188
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: xi, 624 Seiten
    Serie: Oxford handbooks
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als The Oxford handbook of religion and race in American history
    DDC: 270.0896
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Minorities Religious life ; History ; Minorities Religious life ; History ; United States ; United States Race relations ; Religious aspects ; United States Race relations ; Religious aspects ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; USA ; Religion ; Rasse ; USA ; Religion ; Geschichte
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 78
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Faire table rase n’est plus une option
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; United States
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  • 79
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264289048 , 9789264190115 , 9789264298354
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Ageing and employment policies
    Schlagwort(e): Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; USA ; Employment ; United States
    Kurzfassung: In the United States, employment rates at older ages are comparatively high at 62% among 55-64 year-olds against 59% on average in OECD countries in 2016. However, there are large disparities across population groups. Early retirement remains a widespread phenomenon, especially among workers from vulnerable socio-economic backgrounds. Preventing old-age disparities in terms of employment outcomes and retirement income from widening is crucial. This report looks at the various pathways out of the labour market for older workers, and how employers can be supported to retain and hire older workers. It examines the best ways that the United States can promote the employability of workers throughout their working lives and more equal outcomes among older workers.
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9789264302853
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Serie: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: United States 2018 (second round)
    Schlagwort(e): Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; USA ; Taxation ; United States
    Kurzfassung: This report contains the 2018 Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of United States.
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  • 81
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe No longer burning down the house
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; United States
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  • 82
    Buch
    Buch
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 0198798733 , 9780198798736
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: x, 130 Seiten , 25 cm
    Ausgabe: First edition
    DDC: 321.8
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Commerce Political aspects ; Republicanism Philosophy ; Commerce ; Republicanism ; United States ; United States Politics and government 2009-2017 ; Bibliografie ; USA ; Politische Kultur ; Republikanismus
    Kurzfassung: How can citizens best protect themselves from the arbitrary power of abusive spouses, tyrannical bosses, and corrupt politicians? 'Exit Left' makes the case that in each of these three spheres the answer is the same: exit. By promoting open and competitive markets and providing the information and financial resources necessary to enable exit, the book argues that this can empower people's voices and offer them an escape from abuse and exploitation. This will advance a conception of freedom, viz. freedom as non-domination (FND), which is central to contemporary republican thought. Neo-republicans have typically promoted FND through constitutional means (separation of powers, judicial review, the rule of law, and federalism) and participatory ones (democratic elections and oversight), but this book focuses on economic means, ones that have been neglected by contemporary republicans but were commonly invoked in the older, commercial-republican tradition of Alexander Hamilton, Immanuel Kant, and Adam Smith. Just as Philip Pettit and other neo-republicans have revived and revised classical republicanism, so this book will do the same for commercial republicanism. This revival will enlarge republican practice by encouraging greater use of market mechanisms, even as it hews closely to existing republican theory
    Kurzfassung: How can citizens best protect themselves from the arbitrary power of abusive spouses, tyrannical bosses, and corrupt politicians? 'Exit Left' makes the case that in each of these three spheres the answer is the same: exit. By promoting open and competitive markets and providing the information and financial resources necessary to enable exit, the book argues that this can empower people's voices and offer them an escape from abuse and exploitation. This will advance a conception of freedom, viz. freedom as non-domination (FND), which is central to contemporary republican thought. Neo-republicans have typically promoted FND through constitutional means (separation of powers, judicial review, the rule of law, and federalism) and participatory ones (democratic elections and oversight), but this book focuses on economic means, ones that have been neglected by contemporary republicans but were commonly invoked in the older, commercial-republican tradition of Alexander Hamilton, Immanuel Kant, and Adam Smith. Just as Philip Pettit and other neo-republicans have revived and revised classical republicanism, so this book will do the same for commercial republicanism. 0This revival will enlarge republican practice by encouraging greater use of market mechanisms, even as it hews closely to existing republican theory
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9780190262204
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 281 Seiten , Illustrationen , 25 cm
    Suppl.: Rezensiert in Davis, Tyler This Worldwide Struggle: Religion and the International Roots of the Civil Rights Movement, Sarah Azaransky, Oxford University Press, 2017 (ISBN 978-0-19-026220-4), x + 296 pp., hb £22.99 2018
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Azaransky, Sarah, author This worldwide struggle
    DDC: 323.1196/0730904
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Civil rights movements History 20th century ; African Americans Civil rights 20th century ; History ; African American civil rights workers History 20th century ; Civil rights workers History 20th century ; Race relations Religious aspects ; Civil rights Religious aspects ; African American civil rights workers ; African American civil rights workers ; African Americans ; African Americans ; Civil rights ; Civil rights ; Civil rights movements ; Civil rights movements ; Civil rights workers ; Civil rights workers ; Race relations ; Race relations ; Race relations ; United States ; United States ; History ; 1900-1999 ; United States Race relations ; USA ; Schwarze ; Intellektueller ; Bürgerrechtsbewegung ; Christentum ; Internationalismus ; Geschichte 1930-1959
    Kurzfassung: Part of this worldwide struggle -- Spiritual recognition of empire (1930s) -- Passing through a similar transition (1930s) -- We can add to the world justice (1940s) -- An admixture of tragedy and triumph (1940s) -- Opposing injustice, first of all in ourselves (1940s & 1950s) -- Moral leadership of the world (1950s)
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references (pages 217-260) and index
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  • 84
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD statistics working papers 2017, 07
    Schlagwort(e): Zeitverwendung ; Gesundheit ; Frankreich ; USA ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; France ; United States ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: The last decade has seen a sustained surge of interest in measures of subjective well-being on the part of economists and other social scientists. The vast majority of the academic literature on subjective well-being focuses on measures of life evaluation, as does most discussion of how measures of subjective well-being can be applied to policy. However, measures of life evaluation have well-known limitations, and other measures of subjective well-being, including experienced well-being (i.e. people’s time use and emotional state over time), can be an important complement to measures of life evaluation. As of 2016, however, few countries have included experienced well-being in their official time use surveys, and there is relatively little understanding of how different methodological approaches to measuring experienced well-being affect the results obtained. This paper presents results using data from the US and the French time use surveys, showing that the different approaches adopted by these two countries have quite different implications for the data collected. Results highlight the sensitivity of experienced well-being measures – particularly the U-index – to the choice of affective states included, and shed light on the differing results found in the literature on how unemployment impacts upon experienced well-being.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 85
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 73 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 104
    Schlagwort(e): Agrarpolitik ; Agrarversicherung ; Risikomanagement ; Umweltpolitik ; USA ; Agriculture and Food ; United States ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Main changes to US farm programmes under the 2014 Farm Bill aim to strengthen instruments for risk management, both in commodity and in crop insurance programmes. In addition, the 2014 Farm Bill consolidated voluntary conservation programmes supporting agricultural land preservation and the adoption of environmentally friendly production practices. In the literature reviewed, analysts generally acknowledge the reinforced capacity of farm programmes to reduce farm revenue losses and the diversity of options offered to farmers to manage risk. They also discuss farmers' choices of participation in programmes and coverage level in terms of optimisation of their benefits. They also outline the scope for higher budget costs if prices keep falling, but note that some provisions limit the increase. Regarding the impact of programmes on land and markets, the consensus is that by design, the two new crop commodity programmes do not influence current planting decisions, but they could generate small wealth and risk effects. Similarly the new dairy programme could affect the decisions of risk adverse farmers. Support to crop insurance on the other hand is based on current parameters, and unlimited, thus it is expected to encourage higher input use to maximise profit, in addition to the wealth and risk effects. Empirical analyses find very small effects of crop insurance subsidies on total land use, but some suggest a non-negligible impact on crop rotation, and variable input use. Overall, the literature finds that conservation payments seem to have had a positive impact on the environment. In particular, they have encouraged farmers to adopt more environmentally-friendly practices and address a broader set of environmental objectives. Some experts note, however, that some programmes may not necessarily bring additional benefits. Experts consider that cross-compliance mechanisms have partly contributed to reduce soil erosion by encouraging farmers to use less erosive cropping practices (e.g. conservation tillage, conservation crop rotations) and to retire particularly erodible land.
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9789264282698
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (75 p.) , ill.
    Serie: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: United States (stage 1)
    Schlagwort(e): Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; USA ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; United States ; USA ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Steuervermeidung
    Kurzfassung: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 1 peer review of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by the United States, which is accompanied by a document addressing the implementation of best practices.
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  • 87
    ISBN: 9780198798071 , 0198798075
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: xiv, 407 Seiten , Illustrationen , 24 cm
    Ausgabe: First edition
    Suppl.: Rezensiert in Pasture, Patrick, 1961 - Questioning Secularization and Religious Innovation in the North Atlantic World. A Review Essay 2020
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Secularization and religious innovation in the North Atlantic world
    DDC: 200.973
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Religions Congresses ; Secularization Congresses ; Secularization Congresses ; Religions Congresses ; Secularization Congresses ; United States ; Secularization Congresses ; Europe ; Religion ; Religions ; Secularization ; United States Congresses Religion ; Europe Congresses Religion ; United States Congresses ; Religion ; Europe Congresses ; Religion ; Europe ; United States ; Konferenzschrift ; Europa ; Christentum ; Säkularisierung ; USA ; Geschichte 1800-2000
    Kurzfassung: In the early twenty-first century it had become a cliche that there was a 'God Gap' between a more religious United States and a more secular Europe. The apparent religious differences between the United States and western Europe continue to be a focus of intense and sometimes bitter debate between three of the main schools in the sociology of religion. According to the influential 'Secularization Thesis', secularization has been an integral part of the processes of modernisation in the Western world since around 1800. For proponents of this thesis, the United States appears as an anomaly and they accordingly give considerable attention to explaining why it is different. For other sociologists, however, the apparently high level of religiosity in the USA provides a major argument in their attempts to refute the Thesis. Secularization and Religious Innovation in the Atlantic World provides a systematic comparison between the religious histories of the United States and western European countries from the eighteenth to the late twentieth century, noting parallels as well as divergences, examining their causes and especially highlighting change over time. This is achieved by a series of themes which seem especially relevant to this agenda, and in each case the theme is considered by two scholars. The volume examines whether American Christians have been more innovative, and if so how far is this explains the apparent 'God Gap'. It goes beyond the simple American/European binary to ask what is 'American' or 'European' in the Christianity of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and in what ways national or regional differences outweigh these commonalities
    Kurzfassung: In the early twenty-first century it had become a cliche that there was a 'God Gap' between a more religious United States and a more secular Europe. The apparent religious differences between the United States and western Europe continue to be a focus of intense and sometimes bitter debate between three of the main schools in the sociology of religion. According to the influential 'Secularization Thesis', secularization has been an integral part of the processes of modernisation in the Western world since around 1800. For proponents of this thesis, the United States appears as an anomaly and they accordingly give considerable attention to explaining why it is different. For other sociologists, however, the apparently high level of religiosity in the USA provides a major argument in their attempts to refute the Thesis. Secularization and Religious Innovation in the Atlantic World provides a systematic comparison between the religious histories of the United States and western European countries from the eighteenth to the late twentieth century, noting parallels as well as divergences, examining their causes and especially highlighting change over time. 0This is achieved by a series of themes which seem especially relevant to this agenda, and in each case the theme is considered by two scholars. The volume examines whether American Christians have been more innovative, and if so how far is this explains the apparent 'God Gap'. It goes beyond the simple American/European binary to ask what is 'American' or 'European' in the Christianity of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and in what ways national or regional differences outweigh these commonalities
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  • 88
    Buch
    Buch
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 0199379580 , 9780199379583
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: x, 278 Seiten , 24 cm
    DDC: 305.260973
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Population aging United States ; Older people Services for ; United States ; Older people Social conditions ; United States ; Community development United States ; City planning Social aspects ; United States ; Population aging ; Older people Services for ; Older people Social conditions ; Community development ; City planning ; USA ; Stadtplanung ; Alternde Bevölkerung ; Alter ; Soziale Situation ; USA ; Stadtplanung ; Alternde Bevölkerung ; Alter ; Soziale Situation
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 89
    Buch
    Buch
    Oxford : Oxford University Press
    ISBN: 9780198796541
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: xii, 403 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten , 24 cm
    Ausgabe: First edition
    DDC: 305.800973
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Racism History ; United States ; Indians of North America Colonization ; United States ; African Americans Colonization ; Africa ; United States Race relations ; History ; 18th century ; United States Race relations ; History ; 19th century ; USA ; Rassentrennung ; Geschichte
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 90
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264266513
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (152 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Serie: Back to Work
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Back to work
    Schlagwort(e): Kündigung ; Arbeitsmarktintegration ; USA ; Employment ; United States ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Wiedereinstellung
    Kurzfassung: Job displacement (involuntary job loss due to firm closure or downsizing) affects many workers over their lifetime. Displaced workers may face long periods of unemployment and, even when they find new jobs, tend to be paid less and have fewer benefits than in their prior jobs. Helping them get back into good jobs quickly should be a key goal of labour market policy. This report is part of a series of nine reports looking at how this challenge is being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It shows that the United States has a relatively high rate of job displacement and that only one in two affected workers find a new job within one year. Older displaced workers and those with a low level of education fare worst. Contrary to most other OECD countries, displaced workers have long been a target group for policy intervention, and a number of system features, like rapid response services, are promising. But the success of US policies is limited because overall funding for the workforce development system is insufficient and because only trade-related job displacement comes with generous entitlement for training and better benefits.
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  • 91
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1328
    Schlagwort(e): Produktivitätsentwicklung ; USA ; Economics ; United States ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Productivity growth has been sluggish since the Great Recession and had been slowing before it. This slowdown has touched nearly every industry. Although part the slowdown may be related to weakness of investment related to the slow recovery of aggregate demand, structural issues also appear to be playing a role, including persistent declines in business dynamism (market entry and exit of firms) and signs of diminishing competitive pressures. Historically, young productive firms have been an important source of productivity growth, but start-up rates have been slowing for some time and have been especially low in the aftermath of the crisis, and failure rates of new firms have risen. This diminished dynamism appears to be associated with other trends such as population ageing, funding difficulties, reforms in 2005 to the personal bankruptcy code that made debt discharge more difficult, intellectual property rights that favour some established companies, the spread of state-level occupational licensing requirements, as well as zoning and land use restrictions that inhibit resources from flowing to their most productive use. There are also signs that market power is gradually intensifying on balance, restraining competitive forces that would otherwise translate productivity gains into broad-based improvements in household purchasing power.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
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  • 92
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264266971
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (136 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD development co-operation peer reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Entwicklungshilfe ; USA ; Development ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) conducts periodic reviews of the individual development co-operation efforts of DAC members. The policies and programmes of each member are critically examined approximately once every five years. DAC peer reviews assess the performance of a given member, not just that of its development co-operation agency, and examine both policy and implementation. They take an integrated, system-wide perspective on the development co-operation and humanitarian assistance activities of the member under review.
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  • 93
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (48 p.)
    Serie: OECD Education Working Papers no.151
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; United States
    Kurzfassung: This paper aims to investigate the performance of the students in the United States in all 84 mathematics items that were administered in the United States as part of the PISA 2012 assessment. It compares the performance of the United States with the OECD average and with the performance of five reference countries/economies that were ranked higher on the PISA scale. The analysis reveals specific relative strengths and weaknesses of the 15-year-olds in the United States, referring to items in which they performed unexpectedly well or unexpectedly badly compared to their overall distance from the OECD average or from the reference countries/economies. On that basis, certain patterns – that means certain clusters – of items with similar cognitive requirements, are identified. There are seven altogether, three for strengths and four for weaknesses of the US students. An analysis of student solutions illustrates and further clarifies these strengths and weaknesses. The results show that the relative strengths are mostly revealed in easy items, whereas the relative weaknesses are mostly reflected in particularly demanding items.
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  • 94
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (31 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Water risk hotspots for agriculture: The case of the southwest United States
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Agriculture and Food ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Ce rapport analyse des projections de l’agriculture dans le Sud-Ouest des États-Unis, l’une des zones agricoles les plus arides et productives au monde, sujette à une aggravation future des risques liés à l’eau, due aux changements climatiques et une croissance économique et démographique continue. Il étudie les projections des risques liés à l’eau d’ici le milieu du siècle en l’absence de nouvelles politiques publiques et examine les conséquences attendues pour le secteur agricole, à partir des données existantes et des publications disponibles. Il est probable que la région reste une grande zone de production agricole d’ici à la moitié du siècle, mais elle ressentira les effets de disponibilités d’eau plus variables et incertaines et d’une demande en augmentation. La superficie totale irriguée devrait diminuer, au détriment principalement des cultures fourragères et de plein champ de plus faible valeur et plus gourmandes en eau. L’élevage et la production laitière sont aussi particulièrement vulnérables au manque d’eau et au changement climatique. Des conséquences sont aussi à attendre pour les échanges et l’emploi, même si les projections à ce sujet demeurent incertaines. Plusieurs démarches peuvent contribuer à réduire les risques de pénurie d’eau, dont l’utilisation plus efficiente de l’eau en agriculture et dans les villes, une meilleure gestion des ressources en eau souterraines, l’investissement dans les banques d’eau et dans le recyclage des eaux usées, ainsi que les transferts d’eau bien définis.
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  • 95
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 96
    Schlagwort(e): Klimawandel ; Dürre ; Landwirtschaft ; Wasserpolitik ; Colorado (USA, Fluss) ; Kalifornien ; USA (Südweststaaten) ; Employment ; Agriculture and Food ; United States ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This report analyses trends in agriculture for the US Southwest region, one of the most water stressed and productive agricultural regions in the world expected to face further water shortages in the future due to climate change and continued growth. It examines projected water risks by mid-century without additional policy action, and discusses the expected implications for the agriculture sector, based on a review of existing data and available publications. The region will likely continue to be a major agricultural producer by mid-century but will be affected by more variable and uncertain water supplies and increased water demand. Irrigated area is likely to decline, with lower value, water-intensive field and forage crops experiencing the greatest losses. Livestock and dairy are also especially vulnerable to water shortages and climate change. Trade and employment may be affected, although projections remain uncertain. Policy options can help mitigate these projected water risks, such as agricultural and urban water efficiency improvements, refined groundwater management, investment in water banks and recycled wastewater systems, and well-defined water transfers.
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  • 96
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten) , graph. Darst.
    Serie: OECD statistics working papers 2016, 03
    Schlagwort(e): Zufriedenheit ; Sozialer Indikator ; Suchmaschine ; Webanalyse ; USA ; Employment ; Economics ; United States ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: We build an indicator of individual subjective well-being in the United States based on Google Trends. The indicator is a combination of keyword groups that are endogenously identified to fit with the weekly time-series of subjective well-being measures disseminated by Gallup Analytics. We find that keywords associated with job search, financial security, family life and leisure are the strongest predictors of the variations in subjective well-being. The model successfully predicts the out-of-sample evolution of most subjective well-being measures at a one-year horizon.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
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  • 97
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1333
    Schlagwort(e): Bildungschancen ; Bildungspolitik ; USA ; Education ; Economics ; United States ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Measures that enable the acquisition of new skills and reduce mismatches between the demand and supply of existing skills can boost US economic growth and make its benefits more inclusive. Although overall schooling performance has generally improved over time, many disadvantaged students still fail to achieve basic numeracy and literacy. Many parents are denied the opportunity to make their most productive contribution to the economy due to a lack of paid parental leave provisions, publicly-funded childcare and early-childhood education. Discrimination against individuals on the basis of race and gender or those with criminal records can also create barriers to opportunity. Some geographic areas of the country are performing very well, while others are being held back by governance structures that are ill-equipped to deal with economic, social, and environmental challenges. Getting the right policies and infrastructure in place in a timely manner can expand opportunity in these areas.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
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  • 98
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD environment working papers no. 112
    Schlagwort(e): Stadtstruktur ; Städtischer Freiraum ; Städtische Flächennutzung ; Gemeindefinanzen ; Lebensqualität ; Ballungsraum ; USA ; Environment ; United States ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: The provision of open space is at the heart of a complex arbitration of local public finance and urban quality of life. The amount of open space varies substantially across urban areas. This variation raises some natural questions: What determines the amount of open space in an urban area? How does the amount of open space affect housing prices and local tax revenues? How can we assess whether the amount of open space in urban areas is socially optimal? This paper conducts theoretical and empirical analysis to address these issues. The theoretical analysis reveals that price elasticities of housing demand and supply, economies of scale in providing public services, and capitalized and non-capitalized values of environmental benefits from open space are key parameters affecting the optimal amount of open space. The effects of these parameters are tested on the basis of a sample of U.S. urban areas. Empirical results suggest that a significant share of U.S. urban areas has too little open space, in the sense that additional open space conservation could increase land values and social welfare.
    Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
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  • 99
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (37 p.)
    Serie: International Transport Forum Discussion Papers no.2016/18
    Schlagwort(e): Transport ; United States
    Kurzfassung: This assessment of the present context for evolving socio-economic patterns and trends in the United States is intended to support consideration of prospects for gains in income shares among the lower income population, recognising that the United States is: a very large heterogeneous population; highly dispersed over a large geographic area; highly technologically developed; and with relatively high incomes by world standards. All of these factors conduce to the need to recognize the characteristics of individual nations as they move toward improved incomes for their populations. The key factor for the future in the US will be better utilisation of the underemployed population to abet the need for skilled workers to support a large aging dependent population, including better education, and greater mobility providing access to employment and to other social and economic opportunities. It is hoped that this assessment adds further dimension to the important challenges addressed here.
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  • 100
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264264120
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Food and Agricultural Reviews
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Innovation, agricultural productivity and sustainability in the United States
    Schlagwort(e): Landwirtschaft ; Agrarproduktion ; Produktivität ; Agrartechnik ; Innovation ; Nachhaltigkeit ; USA ; Agriculture and Food ; United States
    Kurzfassung: The US food and agriculture sector is innovative, competitive and export-oriented. Changes in national and global demand offer further opportunities for US agri-food products, although climate change and other resource constraints could create additional challenges, in particular in some regions. Maintaining high productivity growth, while improving the sustainable use of resources will require further innovation. In a policy environment generally favourable to investment and innovation, the strong US agricultural innovation system is expected to continue to create innovations that will be widely adopted, to the extent that these can be widely accepted.
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