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  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (4,624)
  • Seoul : OECD/Korea Policy Centre, Korea  (25)
  • Paris
  • Seoul : Joint OECD/Korea Regional Centre on Health and Social Policy
  • Governance  (2,862)
  • Social Issues/Migration/Health  (1,993)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 23, no. 3 | volume:23 | year:2024 | number:3
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 23, no. 3
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:23
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2024
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Keywords: Economics ; Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: The growth of strategic budget initiatives – such as gender budgeting and green budgeting - has been a prominent trend in OECD countries. This is driven by a desire to use the budget to help deliver transformational change in relation to key policy priorities demanding a whole-of-government response. This paper outlines the emergence of strategic budget initiatives across OECD countries and offers some preliminary observations on how these initiatives are being designed and implemented.
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789264410718
    Language: Slovak
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Slovakia: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Slovak Republic
    Abstract: Tento profil poskytuje stručný a politicky zameraný prehľad o zdravotnom stave a systéme zdravotnej starostlivosti na Slovensku, ktorý je súčasťou širšej série zdravotných profilov krajín v rámci iniciatívy Stav zdravia v EÚ. Predstavuje stručnú analýzu zahŕňajúcu tieto kľúčové aspekty: súčasný zdravotný stav na Slovensku, determinanty zdravia so zameraním na rizikové faktory správania, organizáciu slovenského systému zdravotnej starostlivosti a hodnotenie účinnosti, dostupnosti a odolnosti systému zdravotnej starostlivosti. Okrem toho vydanie na rok 2023 prináša tematickú časť o stave duševného zdravia a súvisiacich službách na Slovensku. Tento profil je spoločným dielom OECD a Európskeho strediska pre sledovanie systémov a politík v oblasti zdravotníctva, realizovaným v spolupráci s Európskou komisiou.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264582880 , 9789264791572 , 9789264888821
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (118 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Efektīvas strīdu izšķiršanas tiešsaistē attīstība Latvijā
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Digitalisierung ; Internet ; Lettland ; Governance ; Latvia
    Abstract: This report assesses the use of online dispute resolution (ODR) in Latvia. It looks at the country’s efforts to modernise its justice system and develop dispute resolution mechanisms, identifies areas for improvement in line with the OECD ODR Framework, and provides examples of the application of ODR in other countries. The assessment is enriched by the application of the OECD ODR Framework to three specific types of claims – simplified and warning procedures, and consumer claims. It provides recommendations for successfully implementing ODR in Latvia and broadly modernising the justice sector to ensure better access to justice for all.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (37 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Policy Papers no.44
    Keywords: E-Government ; Digitalisierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Governance
    Abstract: Digital government is essential to transform government processes and services in ways that improve the responsiveness and reliability of the public sector. During the COVID-19 pandemic it also proved crucial to governments' ability to continue operating in times of crisis and provide timely services to citizens and businesses. Yet, for the digital transformation to be sustainable in the long term, it needs solid foundations, including adaptable governance arrangements, reliable and resilient digital public infrastructure, and a prospective approach to governing with emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence. This paper presents the main findings of the 2023 edition of the OECD Digital Government Index (DGI), which benchmarks the efforts made by governments to establish the foundations necessary for a coherent, human-centred digital transformation of the public sector. It comprises 155 data points from 33 member countries, 4 accession countries and 1 partner country collected in 2022, covering the period between 01 January 2020 and 31 October 2022.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264317017
    Language: Finnish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Finland: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Finland
    Abstract: Tässä profiilissa esitetään tiivis ja politiikkaan keskittyvä yleiskatsaus Suomen terveydentilaan ja terveydenhuoltojärjestelmään osana laajempaa State of Health in the EU -aloitteen maakohtaisten terveysprofiilien sarjaa. Siinä esitetään tiivis analyysi, joka kattaa seuraavat keskeiset näkökohdat: Suomen nykyinen terveydentila, terveyden taustatekijät, erityisesti käyttäytymiseen liittyvät riskitekijät, Suomen terveydenhuoltojärjestelmän organisaatio sekä arviointi terveydenhuoltojärjestelmän tehokkuudesta, saatavuudesta ja joustavuudesta. Lisäksi vuoden 2023 painoksessa esitetään temaattinen osio mielenterveyden ja siihen liittyvien palvelujen tilasta Suomessa. Tämä profiili on OECD:n ja Euroopan terveydenhuoltojärjestelmien ja -politiikkojen seurantakeskuksen yhteistyössä Euroopan komission kanssa toteuttama yhteistyöhanke.
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264770171
    Language: Lithuanian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Lithuania: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Lithuania
    Abstract: Šiame profilyje glaustai apžvelgiama Lietuvos sveikatos būklė ir sveikatos priežiūros sistema, atsižvelgiant į platesnę iniciatyvos "Sveikatos būklė ES" šalių sveikatos profilių seriją. Jame pateikiama glausta analizė, apimanti šiuos pagrindinius aspektus: dabartinę Lietuvos sveikatos būklę, sveikatą lemiančius veiksnius, daugiausia dėmesio skiriant elgsenos rizikos veiksniams, Lietuvos sveikatos priežiūros sistemos organizavimą ir sveikatos sistemos veiksmingumo, prieinamumo ir atsparumo vertinimą. Be to, 2023 m. leidime pateikiamas teminis skyrius apie psichikos sveikatos būklę ir susijusias paslaugas Lietuvoje. Šis profilis yra bendras EBPO ir Europos sveikatos sistemų ir politikos observatorijos darbas, atliktas bendradarbiaujant su Europos Komisija.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264710412 , 9789264489547 , 9789264940451
    Language: Latvian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (116 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Developing Effective Online Dispute Resolution in Latvia
    Keywords: Governance ; Latvia
    Abstract: Šajā ziņojumā novērtēts strīdu izšķiršanas tiešsaistē (ODR) izmantojums Latvijā. Tajā aplūkoti valsts centieni modernizēt tieslietu sistēmu un attīstīt strīdu izšķiršanas mehānismus, noteiktas jomas, kurās nepieciešami uzlabojumi saskaņā ar ESAO ODR sistēmu, un sniegti ODR piemērošanas piemēri citās valstīs. Novērtējumu papildina ESAO ODR regulējuma piemērošana trīs īpašiem prasību veidiem - vienkāršotām un brīdinājuma procedūrām, kā arī ar patērētāju tiesībām saistītām prasībām. Tajā sniegti ieteikumi, kā sekmīgi īstenot ODR Latvijā un kopumā modernizēt tieslietu nozari, lai nodrošinātu labāku tiesu pieejamību visiem.
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (11 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Les synthèses de l’OCDE sur le bien-être, l’inclusion et l’égalité des chances no.14
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Economic insecurity in Europe and potential policy responses
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Avec les mutations économiques et technologiques enregistrées au cours des dernières décennies, les perspectives économiques individuelles sont aujourd’hui plus incertaines qu’autrefois. La présente synthèse résume les principales conclusions du rapport Un équilibre précaire ? Instabilité des revenus et insécurité économique en Europe, le premier produit par l’Observatoire de l’OCDE sur la mobilité sociale et l’égalité des chances. Ses auteurs ont fait appel à des techniques innovantes pour identifier les catégories de population en situation d’insécurité économique dans les pays européens de l’OCDE – autrement dit celles qui sont les plus exposées et les plus vulnérables à l’instabilité des revenus – et pour déterminer comment l’évolution des revenus et l’insécurité économique influencent les conditions de vie des individus, la mobilité sociale et les inégalités. Il passe également en revue une série de mesures propres à rendre la protection sociale plus réactive afin d’améliorer le soutien apporté à ceux dont les revenus sont instables et étudient des solutions qui permettraient d’aider ceux que l’insécurité économique guette plus particulièrement à constituer des réserves financières.
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789264452404
    Language: Hungarian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Hungary: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Hungary
    Abstract: Ez a profil tömör és szakpolitikára összpontosító áttekintést nyújt a magyarországi egészségügy és egészségügyi rendszer állapotáról, az "Egészségügyi helyzet az EU-ban" kezdeményezés szélesebb körű országos egészségügyi profiljainak részeként. Rövid elemzést nyújt, amely a következő kulcsfontosságú szempontokat foglalja magában: Magyarország jelenlegi egészségi állapota; az egészséget meghatározó tényezők, különös tekintettel a viselkedési kockázati tényezőkre; a magyar egészségügyi rendszer szervezete; valamint az egészségügyi rendszer hatékonyságának, hozzáférhetőségének és ellenálló képességének értékelése. A 2023-as kiadás emellett egy tematikus részt is bemutat a mentális egészség és a kapcsolódó szolgáltatások magyarországi helyzetéről. Ez a profil az OECD és az Egészségügyi Rendszerek és Politikák Európai Megfigyelőközpontjának közös munkája, amely az Európai Bizottsággal együttműködve valósult meg.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264867604 , 9789264579644 , 9789264438736
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (261 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Keywords: Krebskrankheit ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; EU-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Cancer causes almost a quarter of all deaths in the EU27, Norway and Iceland, with five new cancer cases diagnosed every minute in 2022. Assessing and improving cancer care from prevention to treatment is essential for promoting longer, healthier lives. This report addresses the latest trends in cancer incidence and mortality in the EU and reviews key cancer risk factors, cancer screening programmes and early diagnoses, and issues in the provision of high-quality cancer care. Country performance, cross-cutting challenges and new developments are examined with a particular focus on disparities by regions, socio-economic status and gender. The report provides policy makers with fiscal, regulatory and health systems organisation tools, as well as examples of initiatives that can be undertaken in primary care, workplaces, and schools to better control cancer and counter inequalities.
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  • 11
    ISBN: 9789264646179
    Language: Croatian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Croatia: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Croatia
    Abstract: Ovaj profil daje sažet i usmjeren pregled stanja zdravstvenog sustava u Hrvatskoj, kao dio šire serije Zdravstvenih profila zemalja iz projekta Stanje zdravlja u EU. Predstavlja sažetu analizu koja obuhvaća sljedeće ključne aspekte: zdravstveno stanje stanovništva u Hrvatskoj; odrednice zdravlja, s naglaskom na čimbenike rizika u ponašanju; organizacija hrvatskog zdravstvenog sustava; te procjena njegove učinkovitosti, pristupačnosti i otpornosti. Štoviše, izdanje za 2023. godinu predstavlja tematski dio o stanju mentalnog zdravlja i službi za mentalno zdravlje u Hrvatskoj. Ovaj profil je zajednički napor OECD-a i Europskog opservatorija za zdravstveni sustav i politiku, koji se provodi u suradnji s Europskom komisijom.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264532243 , 9789264582149 , 9789264910720
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Development ; Industry and Services ; Finance and Investment ; Morocco
    Abstract: Le Rapport De l’engagement à la mise en œuvre : assurer l’autonomisation économique des femmes au Maroc analyse les politiques publiques marocaines en faveur de l’autonomisation économique des femmes dans le cadre de la Recommandation du Conseil de l’OCDE sur l’égalité femmes-hommes dans l’éducation, l’emploi et l’entrepreneuriat à laquelle le pays a adhéré en 2018. Il fournit un cadre stratégique global visant à déverrouiller le potentiel économique des femmes, afin qu’elles puissent pleinement contribuer au développement durable du Maroc et bénéficier de ses retombées économiques et sociales. Ce cadre stratégique global - développé dans le cadre de la seconde phase du programme pays Maroc de l’OCDE - vise à soutenir la mise en œuvre du troisième Plan Gouvernemental pour l’Égalité (PGE III). Il préconise une approche multi-cibles et multi-sectorielle, mettant l'accent sur des politiques de soin transformatrices pour créer des emplois décents, alléger les tâches domestiques et de soin, et remettre en cause les stéréotypes de genre, soulignant l'importance de l'évolution des normes socio-culturelles pour favoriser l'intégration des femmes sur le marché du travail.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264362321
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (28 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Portugal: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Portugal
    Abstract: Este perfil providencia uma visão geral e concisa, centrada nas políticas, sobre o estado da saúde e o sistema de saúde portugueses, fazendo parte da série mais alargada de perfis de saúde nacionais da iniciativa “O Estado de Saúde na UE”. Este trabalho apresenta uma análise sucinta que engloba os seguintes aspectos fundamentais: o estado atual da saúde em Portugal; os determinantes da saúde, em particular os factores de risco comportamentais; a organização do sistema de saúde português; e uma avaliação da eficácia, acessibilidade e resiliência do sistema de saúde. Adicionalmente, a edição de 2023 apresenta uma secção temática sobre o estado da saúde mental e serviços associados em Portugal. Este perfil resulta da colaboração entre a OCDE e o Observatório Europeu dos Sistemas e Políticas de Saúde, em cooperação com a Comissão Europeia.
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9789264604582
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Luxembourg: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Luxembourg
    Abstract: Ce profil fournit un aperçu concis de l'état de santé et du système de santé au Luxembourg, dans le cadre de la série des profils de santé par pays de l'initiative sur l'état de santé dans l'UE. Il présente une analyse succincte de l'état de santé de la population au Luxembourg ; les déterminants de la santé, en mettant l'accent sur les facteurs de risque comportementaux ; l'organisation du système de santé luxembourgeois ; et une évaluation de l'efficacité, l'accessibilité et la résilience du système de santé. L'édition 2023 présente aussi une section thématique sur la santé mentale au Luxembourg. Ce profil est le fruit d'une collaboration entre l'OCDE et l'Observatoire européen des systèmes et des politiques de santé, en coopération avec la Commission Européenne.
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9789264996526 , 9789264451674 , 9789264920927
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (183 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Budgetinzidenz ; Kanada ; Frankreich ; Irland ; Italien ; Südkorea ; Niederlande ; Neuseeland ; Schweden ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Governance
    Abstract: In many countries, public expenditure, including transfers, plays a major role in reducing income inequality. The report reviews the various ways that budgeting can be used to this end. A first includes taking a broad approach to results-based budgeting, taking social and distributional goals into consideration. A second relies on integrating distributional impact analysis directly into the budget process. The report discusses the concrete experience of eight OECD countries in this area, analysing how they are integrating distributional impact assessment in spending and budgeting decisions. Finally, it discusses the tools, frameworks and data that are needed to take distributional considerations into account as part of evidence-informed policy making.
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9789264769946
    Language: Polish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Poland: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Poland
    Abstract: Niniejszy profil stanowi zwięzły i ukierunkowany na politykę przegląd stanu zdrowia i systemu opieki zdrowotnej w Polsce, będący częścią szerszej serii krajowych profili zdrowotnych w ramach inicjatywy State of Health in the EU. Przedstawiono w nim zwięzłą analizę obejmującą następujące kluczowe aspekty: obecny stan zdrowia w Polsce; uwarunkowania zdrowia, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem behawioralnych czynników ryzyka; organizację polskiego systemu opieki zdrowotnej; oraz ocenę skuteczności, dostępności i odporności systemu opieki zdrowotnej. Ponadto edycja 2023 zawiera sekcję tematyczną dotyczącą stanu zdrowia psychicznego i powiązanych z nim usług w Polsce. Niniejszy profil jest wspólnym wysiłkiem OECD i Europejskiego Obserwatorium Polityki i Systemów Opieki Zdrowotnej, realizowanym we współpracy z Komisją Europejską.
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789264825420 , 9789264577473 , 9789264378490
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (86 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Rückwanderung ; Familie ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Return migration has emerged as a critical policy concern for both destination and origin countries. While policy attention in destination countries has been focused on assisted voluntary return and reintegration (AVRR) programs, particularly for migrants with expulsion orders, these efforts represent only a fraction of broader return movements. This report, based on a project carried out by the OECD with support from the German Corporation for International Co-operation (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH – GIZ), commissioned by the Federal Ministry for Economic Co-operation and Development, analyses the scope and characteristics of different categories of return migration. The report draws on three workshops, held in Tunis, Rabat and Brussels, that discussed return migration in different contexts. It examines the multiple factors that influence migrants' decisions to return to their countries of origin and their reintegration at home, including the role of family and community. The report emphasises the pre-existing structures and networks of returning migrants in origin countries and their role in supporting different types of return migrants. The report also looks at potential re-migration.
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9789264913097 , 9789264394872 , 9789264379046
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (207 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Gesundheitsfinanzierung ; Gesundheitskosten ; Gesundheitswesen ; Finanzpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Finding sufficient funds to pay for more resilient health systems is challenging in the current economic context. COVID-19 has shown the need for additional targeted spending on public health interventions, the digital transformation of health systems, and bolstering the health workforce. Rising incomes, technological innovation and changing demographics put further upward pressure on health spending. This could result in health spending reaching 11.8% of GDP across OECD counties by 2040. This publication explores the policy options to finance more resilient health systems whilst maintaining fiscal sustainability. It finds that the scale of the additional health financing needs requires ambitious and transformative policy changes. Robust actions to encourage healthier populations and policies to reduce ineffective spending can put future health expenditure on a far gentler upward trajectory. These would enable spending to reach a more sustainable 10.6% of GDP in 2040. Better budgetary governance is critical. It improves how public funds for health are determined, executed and evaluated. Therefore, a focus of this report is on how good budgeting practices can increase the efficiency of current public spending, and also enable more ambitious policy changes in the medium to longer-term. Findings of this report are targeted at health and finance policy makers, with improved dialogue between health and finance ministries especially important when governments are operating in a constrained fiscal setting.
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264321717
    Language: Slovenian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Slovenia: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Slovenia
    Abstract: Ta profil je del širše serije zdravstvenih profilov držav v okviru pobude Stanje zdravja v EU in vsebuje jedrnat in politično usmerjen pregled zdravstvenega stanja in sistema zdravstvenega varstva v Sloveniji. Predstavlja jedrnato analizo, ki zajema naslednje ključne vidike: trenutno zdravstveno stanje v Sloveniji, determinante zdravja s poudarkom na vedenjskih dejavnikih tveganja, organizacijo slovenskega zdravstvenega sistema ter oceno učinkovitosti, dostopnosti in odpornosti zdravstvenega sistema. Poleg tega je v izdaji za leto 2023 predstavljeno tematsko poglavje o stanju duševnega zdravja in z njim povezanih storitev v Sloveniji. Ta profil je rezultat sodelovanja OECD in Evropskega observatorija za zdravstvene sisteme in politike, ki je bil izveden v sodelovanju z Evropsko komisijo.
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264651678
    Language: Estonian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Estonia: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Estonia
    Abstract: Käesolev profiil annab lühida ja poliitikakeskse ülevaate Eesti rahvastiku tervisest ja Eesti tervishoiusüsteemist, osana laiemast "Tervise olukord ELis" riikide terviseprofiilide sarjast. Selles esitatakse kokkuvõtlik analüüs, mis hõlmab järgmisi põhiaspekte: rahvastiku tervise olukord Eestis; tervisemõjurid, keskendudes käitumuslikele riskiteguritele; Eesti tervishoiusüsteemi korraldus; ning hinnang tervishoiusüsteemi tõhususele, kättesaadavusele ja säilenõtkusele. Lisaks esitatakse 2023. aasta väljaandes temaatiline osa vaimse tervise ja sellega seotud teenuste olukorra kohta Eestis. See profiil on OECD ja Euroopa tervishoiusüsteemide ja -poliitika vaatluskeskuse koostööprojekt, valminud koostööna Euroopa Komisjoniga.
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264477179
    Language: Swedish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Sweden: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden
    Abstract: Denna profil ger en kortfattad och policyfokuserad översikt över hälsotillståndet och hälso- och sjukvårdssystemet i Sverige, som en del av den bredare serien av landshälsoprofiler från initiativet State of Health in the EU. Den presenterar en kortfattad analys som omfattar följande viktiga aspekter: det nuvarande hälsotillståndet i Sverige; hälsans bestämningsfaktorer, med fokus på beteendemässiga riskfaktorer; organisationen av det svenska hälso- och sjukvårdssystemet; och en utvärdering av hälso- och sjukvårdssystemets effektivitet, tillgänglighet och resiliens. Dessutom innehåller 2023 års utgåva ett tematiskt avsnitt om läget för psykisk hälsa och tillhörande tjänster i Sverige. Denna profil är ett samarbete mellan OECD och European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, som genomförs i samarbete med Europeiska kommissionen.
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9789264715295
    Language: Latvian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Latvia: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Latvia
    Abstract: Šis profils sniedz kodolīgu un uz politiku vērstu pārskatu par veselības stāvokli un veselības aprūpes sistēmu Latvijā, kas ir daļa no plašākas iniciatīvas "Veselības stāvoklis ES" valstu veselības profilu sērijas. Tajā sniegta kodolīga analīze, kas ietver šādus galvenos aspektus: pašreizējo veselības stāvokli Latvijā, veselību noteicošos faktorus, pievēršot uzmanību uzvedības riska faktoriem, Latvijas veselības aprūpes sistēmas organizāciju un veselības aprūpes sistēmas efektivitātes, pieejamības un noturības novērtējumu. Turklāt 2023. gada izdevumā ir iekļauta tematiskā sadaļa par garīgās veselības stāvokli un ar to saistītajiem pakalpojumiem Latvijā. Šis profils ir ESAO un Eiropas Veselības sistēmu un politikas novērošanas centra kopdarbs, kas veikts sadarbībā ar Eiropas Komisiju.
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9789264365162 , 9789264789692 , 9789264610194
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe On Shaky Ground? Income Instability and Economic Insecurity in Europe
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Les mutations économiques et technologiques des dernières décennies ont rendu les perspectives économiques individuelles plus incertaines. Si les formes d’emploi atypiques et la transformation numérique ont ouvert le champ des possibles, elles ont aussi, comme les grands chocs économiques récents, exposé de nombreuses personnes à une fluctuation de leurs revenus, un phénomène désigné sous le nom « d’instabilité des revenus ». Dans la mesure où la situation professionnelle et personnelle des individus peut changer à plusieurs reprises au cours d’une même année, ce rapport s’appuie sur de nouvelles techniques pour déterminer les personnes les plus exposées à l’instabilité des revenus dans les pays européens de l’OCDE, et étudie les retombées de cette instabilité sur la vie quotidienne, la mobilité sociale et les inégalités. L’instabilité des revenus peut être difficile à gérer pour les personnes qui ne disposent pas des ressources financières nécessaires pour lisser leurs revenus. Dans ce rapport, les personnes qui sont à la fois exposées à l’instabilité des revenus et vulnérables dans ce contexte sont considérées en situation d’insécurité économique. L’insécurité économique touche principalement les personnes qui ont des liens ténus avec le marché du travail et celles qui ne sont pas en situation de profiter des avantages tirés de la transformation numérique. Les personnes exposées au risque d’insécurité économique sont plus susceptibles que les autres d’être inquiètes quant à la possibilité de perdre leur emploi et, comme en attestent d’autres recherches, de connaître des problèmes de santé, de souffrir d’insécurité alimentaire et d’obtenir de mauvais résultats en termes de développement dans l’enfance, autant de freins potentiels à la mobilité sociale. Enfin, le rapport passe en revue une panoplie de mesures conçues pour améliorer la réactivité des systèmes de protection sociale, de sorte à mieux soutenir les personnes aux revenus très instables ; il étudie en outre différentes pistes d’action pour aider les plus exposés au risque d’insécurité économique à se constituer des réserves financières.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264439276
    Language: Czech
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Czechia: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Czechia
    Abstract: Tento profil poskytuje stručný a politicky zaměřený přehled o zdravotním stavu a systému zdravotní péče v Česku, který je součástí širší série zdravotních profilů zemí v rámci iniciativy Stav zdraví v EU. Představuje stručnou analýzu zahrnující následující klíčové aspekty: současný zdravotní stav v Česku, determinanty zdraví se zaměřením na rizikové faktory chování, organizaci českého zdravotnického systému a hodnocení účinnosti, dostupnosti a odolnosti zdravotnického systému. Vydání pro rok 2023 navíc přináší tematickou část věnovanou stavu duševního zdraví a souvisejících služeb v Česku. Tento profil vznikl ve spolupráci OECD a Evropské observatoře zdravotnických systémů a politik ve spolupráci s Evropskou komisí.
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264793422 , 9789264940079 , 9789264402904
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (70 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Études de l'OCDE sur les politiques de santé
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Rethinking Health System Performance Assessment: A Renewed Framework
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Les systèmes de santé sont soumis à de fortes pressions pour s'adapter à l'évolution des besoins ainsi qu’aux grandes tendances induites par le vieillissement de la population, la transition numérique et le changement climatique. Ils doivent également être mieux préparés à répondre aux chocs soudains et de grande ampleur tels que ceux générés par les pandémies, les crises financières, les catastrophes naturelles ou les cyberattaques. Cette évolution du contexte politique et ces défis nouveaux appellent à revoir la manière dont les pays de l'OCDE évaluent la performance des systèmes de santé afin de leur permettre de répondre aux besoins et aux préférences des citoyens en matière de santé, tout en fournissant des soins de qualité pour tous. Ce document présente le nouveau cadre d'évaluation de la performance des systèmes de santé de l'OCDE. Il intègre de nouvelles dimensions de la performance, notamment la question des soins centrés sur la personne, la résilience et le développement durable, et met davantage l'accent sur la lutte contre les inégalités, y compris celles liées au genre. Ce cadre s'appuie sur les efforts déjà déployés par l'OCDE dans ces domaines et intègre les avancées les plus récentes en matière d'évaluation de la performance des systèmes de santé. En proposant des définitions communes et en favorisant une compréhension partagée entre décideurs, parties prenantes et organisations, le cadre renouvelé facilitera la collaboration internationale. En outre, il permettra l'élaboration de futurs indicateurs, facilitera la collecte de données, l'analyse des politiques et l'intégration des savoirs.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264813205
    Language: Romanian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Romania: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Romania
    Abstract: Acest profil oferă o imagine de ansamblu concisă și axată pe politici a stării de sănătate și a sistemului de sănătate din România, ca parte a seriei mai ample de profiluri de sănătate de țară din cadrul inițiativei "Starea de sănătate în UE". Acesta prezintă o analiză succintă care cuprinde următoarele aspecte-cheie: starea actuală a sănătății în România; factorii determinanți ai sănătății, cu accent pe factorii de risc comportamentali; organizarea sistemului de sănătate din România; și o evaluare a eficacității, accesibilității și rezilienței sistemului de sănătate. În plus, ediția 2023 prezintă o secțiune tematică privind starea sănătății mintale și a serviciilor asociate în România. Acest profil reprezintă efortul de colaborare al OCDE și al Observatorului European pentru Sisteme și Politici de Sănătate, realizat în cooperare cu Comisia Europeană.
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9789264717800
    Language: Bulgarian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Bulgaria: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Bulgaria
    Abstract: Tози профил предоставя кратък и ориентиран към политиката преглед на състоянието на здравето и системата на здравеопазването в България, като част от по-широката поредица здравни профили на страните от инициативата "Състояние на здравето в ЕС". В него е представен кратък анализ, обхващащ следните ключови аспекти: текущото състояние на здравето в България; детерминантите на здравето, с акцент върху поведенческите рискови фактори; организацията на българската система на здравеопазване; и оценка на ефективността, достъпността и устойчивостта на здравната система. Освен това в изданието за 2023 г. е представен тематичен раздел за състоянието на психичното здраве и свързаните с него услуги в България. Този профил е резултат от съвместните усилия на ОИСР и Европейската обсерватория за здравни системи и политики, осъществени в сътрудничество с Европейската комисия.
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264347113
    Language: Dutch
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Netherlands: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Netherlands
    Abstract: Dit profiel biedt een beknopt en beleidsgericht overzicht van de gezondheidstoestand en het gezondheidszorgsysteem in Nederland, als onderdeel van de bredere reeks landengezondheidsprofielen van het initiatief State of Health in the EU. Het bevat een beknopte analyse van de volgende belangrijke aspecten: de huidige gezondheidstoestand in Nederland; de determinanten van gezondheid, met de nadruk op gedragsgerelateerde risicofactoren; de organisatie van het Nederlandse gezondheidszorgstelsel; en een evaluatie van de effectiviteit, toegankelijkheid en veerkracht van het gezondheidszorgstelsel. Bovendien bevat de editie 2023 een thematisch hoofdstuk over de toestand van de geestelijke gezondheid en aanverwante diensten in Nederland. Dit profiel is het resultaat van een samenwerking tussen de OESO en het European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, uitgevoerd in samenwerking met de Europese Commissie.
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9789264343115 , 9789264396784 , 9789264782051
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (203 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Privater Konsum ; Sparen ; Privater Haushalt ; Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnung ; Einkommensverteilung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Abstract: This publication presents guidance for the compilation of distributional results on household income, consumption and saving consistent with national accounts totals. These results are a key input for evidence-based policies targeting inequality and fostering inclusive growth, providing insights into key dimensions of material well-being across household groups. The results complement existing inequality measures by including elements that are often lacking from micro statistics and by providing inequality measures consistent with macroeconomic aggregates, broadening the scope for analyses, while also capturing households and transactions that are typically underrepresented in micro data. Moreover, while the estimates do require a number of statistical choices and assumptions, they have a high degree of international comparability because of the common methodology and their alignment to national accounts results. The handbook provides an overview of the conceptual framework underlying the distributional results and discusses various aspects in relation to the compilation and presentation of the distributional results. It aims to assist compilers in deriving high-quality distributional results and to provide users with more insights into the main benefits of these results as well as into the way that the results have been derived.
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264944329 , 9789264653399 , 9789264507401
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Repenser l'évaluation de la performance des systèmes de santé : Un cadre renouvelé
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Performance-Messung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Health systems are under intense pressure to adapt to evolving needs and megatrends driven by population ageing, digitalisation, and climate change. They also need to be better prepared to withstand sudden, large-scale shocks such as pandemics, financial crises, natural disasters, or cyberattacks. This shifting policy context and emerging challenges called for a revision in how OECD countries assess health system performance, to help ensure that health systems meet people’s health needs and preferences while providing quality healthcare for all. This document presents the OECD’s renewed health system performance assessment framework. It incorporates new performance dimensions, notably people-centredness, resilience, and environmental sustainability, and places increased emphasis on addressing inequalities, including those related to gender. This framework expands on existing OECD efforts in these domains and integrates the most recent advancements in health system performance assessment. By offering common definitions and fostering a shared understanding among policy makers, stakeholders and organisations, the updated framework will enhance international collaboration. Furthermore, it lays the foundation for developing future indicators, facilitating data collection, policy analysis, and the integration of knowledge.
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Environment Policy Papers no.40
    Keywords: Feuer ; Klimawandel ; Brandschutz ; USA ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Environment ; Governance ; United States
    Abstract: The frequency and severity of extreme wildfires are on the rise in the United States, causing unprecedented disruption and increasingly challenging the country’s capacity to contain losses and damages. These challenges are set to keep growing in the context of climate change, highlighting the need to scale up wildfire prevention and climate change adaptation. This paper provides an overview of the United States’ wildfire policies and practices and assesses the extent to which wildfire management in the country is evolving to adapt to growing wildfire risk under climate change.
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  • 32
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (41 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers no.10
    Keywords: Künstliche Intelligenz ; Gesundheitswesen ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Employment ; Science and Technology ; Governance
    Abstract: Artificial intelligence will have profound impacts across health systems, transforming health care, public health, and research. Responsible AI can accelerate efforts toward health systems being more resilient, sustainable, equitable, and person-centred. This paper provides an overview of the background and current state of artificial intelligence in health, perspectives on opportunities, risks, and barriers to success. The paper proposes several areas to be explored for policy makers to advance the future of responsible AI in health that is adaptable to change, respects individuals, champions equity, and achieves better health outcomes for all. The areas to be explored relate to trust, capacity building, evaluation, and collaboration. This recognises that the primary forces that are needed to unlock the value from artificial intelligence are people-based and not technical. The OECD is ready to support efforts for co-operative learning and collective action to advance the use of responsible AI in health.
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  • 33
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (69 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Papers on Well-being and Inequalities no.20
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Parental emotional support, alongside material and temporal support, is an important determinant of children's subjective well-being and academic success. However, not all children benefit from the same level of parental support, and there are major differences depending on families' socio-economic status and child gender. Using the PISA 2018 surveys, this paper examines differences in parental support reported by 15-year-olds both within countries according to social status and between girls and boys, and between countries. We show that differences in parental emotional support by parents' education level and child gender are substantial. Some of these differences are (largely) explained by other characteristics such as family wealth, country of origin, and school urbanicity and private/public status. Greater parental emotional support is also found to be associated with higher PISA test scores and greater subjective wellbeing, with little variation by parental education. On the whole, our findings suggest that a significant enhancement in parental support and related child outcomes, especially in countries with lower average levels of parental emotional support, can be attained through a combined effort on several fronts: by addressing monetary and material poverty within families, by facilitating parents in balancing work and taking care of their children, by promoting greater parental involvement in their children's school life, and by offering appropriate services to assist families with special needs and facing greater challenges.
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (11 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Education Policy Perspectives no.89
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Early childhood education and care (ECEC) staff are central to promoting young children’s development, learning and well-being. Novice staff, defined as staff with up to three years of experience, account for 27% of staff in TALIS Starting Strong 2018. Novice staff are generally less educated than experienced staff in terms of the level of educational attainment and education or training with a focus specifically on working with children. More novice staff than experienced staff report a strong need for additional professional development in several areas, including “classroom/playgroup/group management” and “working with parents or families”. Policy approaches to support novice staff in ECEC can include ensuring that initial education prepares novice staff for their jobs by providing relevant knowledge specifically on working with children, supporting novice staff to engage in ongoing professional development, and clarifying how novice staff can progress professionally.
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264605626
    Language: Danish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Denmark: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Denmark
    Abstract: Denne profil giver et kortfattet og politisk fokuseret overblik over sundhedstilstanden og sundhedssystemet i Danmark, som en del af den bredere serie af nationale sundhedsprofiler fra initiativet State of Health in the EU. Den præsenterer en kortfattet analyse, der omfatter følgende nøgleaspekter: den aktuelle sundhedstilstand i Danmark; sundhedsdeterminanterne med fokus på adfærdsmæssige risikofaktorer; organiseringen af det danske sundhedssystem; og en evaluering af sundhedssystemets effektivitet, tilgængelighed og modstandsdygtighed. Desuden præsenterer 2023-udgaven et tematisk afsnit om mental sundhed og tilknyttede tjenester i Danmark. Denne profil er udarbejdet i samarbejde mellem OECD og European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, i samarbejde med Europa-Kommissionen.
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9789264782389
    Language: Greek, Modern (1453- )
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Greece: Country Health Profile 2023
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Greece
    Abstract: Tο παρόν προφίλ παρέχει μια συνοπτική και επικεντρωμένη στην πολιτική επισκόπηση της κατάστασης της υγείας και του συστήματος υγειονομικής περίθαλψης στην Ελλάδα, ως μέρος της ευρύτερης σειράς προφίλ υγείας χωρών της πρωτοβουλίας "Η κατάσταση της υγείας στην ΕΕ". Παρουσιάζει μια συνοπτική ανάλυση που περιλαμβάνει τις ακόλουθες βασικές πτυχές: την τρέχουσα κατάσταση της υγείας στην Ελλάδα, τους καθοριστικούς παράγοντες της υγείας, με έμφαση στους παράγοντες κινδύνου συμπεριφοράς, την οργάνωση του ελληνικού συστήματος υγειονομικής περίθαλψης και μια αξιολόγηση της αποτελεσματικότητας, της προσβασιμότητας και της ανθεκτικότητας του συστήματος υγείας. Επιπλέον, η έκδοση του 2023 παρουσιάζει μια θεματική ενότητα για την κατάσταση της ψυχικής υγείας και των σχετικών υπηρεσιών στην Ελλάδα. Το προφίλ αυτό αποτελεί κοινή προσπάθεια του ΟΟΣΑ και του Ευρωπαϊκού Παρατηρητηρίου Συστημάτων και Πολιτικών Υγείας, που πραγματοποιήθηκε σε συνεργασία με την Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή.
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264872363 , 9789264952157 , 9789264944343
    Language: Ukrainian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Public Integrity Handbook
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Manual de Integridade Pública da OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD-Handbuch Integrität im öffentlichen Leben
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD دليل النزاهة في القطاع العام
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Manual de la OCDE sobre Integridad Pública
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Manuel de l’OCDE sur l’intégrité publique
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Посібник ОЕСР з публічної доброчесності містить рекомендації для урядів, бізнесу та громадянського суспільства щодо впровадження Рекомендації ОЕСР з публічної доброчесності. Посібник роз'яснює, що означають тринадцять принципів Рекомендації на практиці, та визначає виклики, пов'язані з їх реалізацією. Посібник містить рекомендації щодо покращення співпраці всередині уряду, а також між національним та субнаціональним рівнями. Для розбудови культури доброчесності в уряді та суспільстві Посібник детально описує основні елементи системи управління людськими ресурсами на основі заслуг та ключові складові відкритої організаційної культури. Він також роз'яснює роль уряду в наданні рекомендацій компаніям, громадянському суспільству та громадянам щодо підтримання публічних цінностей доброчесності. Крім того, Посібник розкриває, як використовувати процес управління ризиками для оцінки та управління ризиками для доброчесності, а також висвітлює, як використовувати систему правозастосування для забезпечення реальної відповідальності за порушення принципів доброчесності.
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264348011 , 9789264344716 , 9789264812987
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (96 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Anti-Corruption and Integrity Outlook 2024
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Perspectivas de anticorrupción e integridad 2024
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Cette première édition des Perspectives de l'OCDE sur la lutte contre la corruption et l'intégrité analyse les efforts déployés par les pays membres pour défendre l'intégrité et lutter contre la corruption. Basé sur les données des Indicateurs d'intégrité publique, ce rapport analyse les performances des cadres d'intégrité des pays. Il explore comment certains des principaux défis auxquels les gouvernements sont confrontés aujourd'hui (notamment la transition verte, l'intelligence artificielle et l'ingérence étrangère) augmentent les risques de corruption et d’atteinte à l’intégrité pour les pays. Il examine également comment les lacunes des systèmes d'intégrité peuvent entraver les réponses des pays à ces défis majeurs. En donnant un aperçu des performances actuelles des pays, les Perspectives soutiennent la planification stratégique et le travail politique visant à renforcer l'intégrité publique pour l'avenir.
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264350137 , 9789264734975 , 9789264539778
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Keywords: Energy ; Environment ; Governance ; Chile
    Abstract: Chile has made important strides on its environmental agenda in recent years with the passage of the Framework Law on Climate Change, the establishment of the Biodiversity and Protected Areas Service and the ratification of the Escazú Agreement. However, the country has made limited progress in decoupling environmental pressures from economic growth. Greenhouse gas emissions have continued to rise and the country is not on track to reach its legally binding target of net zero by 2050. Chile is well-positioned to achieve its targets for biodiversity, while air pollution remains a serious public health challenge and waste management relies heavily on landfilling. Chile is facing a severe and deepening water crisis that requires concerted action to improve water allocation and water quality, and to strengthen water governance. The review provides 36 recommendations to help Chile improve its environmental performance, with a special focus on water management and policies. This is the third Environmental Performance Review of Chile. It provides an independent, evidence-based evaluation of the country’s environmental performance since the previous review in 2016.
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264831957 , 9789264431683 , 9789264897106
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (145 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Trade
    Abstract: Secure medical supply chains are a cornerstone of resilient health systems. Medical supply chains are complex and internationalised, often involving many suppliers. The COVID-19 pandemic, which combined an unprecedented surge in demand with interruptions in supply and trade, exacerbated pre-existing, rising shortages of essential medicines, such as antibiotics and anaesthetics, and generated shortages of medical devices, such as face masks and respirators. This report offers insights into the risks and vulnerabilities of the supply chains of medicines and medical devices. Policy options to anticipate and mitigate risks of shortages of medicines and medical devices, both routinely and in the context of severe crises, are analysed. Most importantly, the report shows that strengthening the long-term resilience of medical supply chains requires collaborative approaches that balance measures best undertaken by the private sector with those more appropriately managed by governments or supranationally.
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9789264838871 , 9789264889934 , 9789264978164
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (99 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Multi-level Governance Studies
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: The Welsh Government is refining its approach to regional development, adopting a regional lens directed to four regions to better allocate resources and address local needs. This OECD Multi-level Governance Study – a follow up to the 2020 OECD report The Future of Regional Development and Public Investment in Wales, United Kingdom – summarises the progress Wales has made to advance this regional lens, and identifies key areas of attention going forward. It synthesises the results of a vision-setting exercise, capacity-building workshops with the national government and regional bodies, and a multi-stakeholder workshop on collaborative working among Welsh regional development actors. This report identifies enablers for the effective use of a regional lens in Wales, including robust regional data, long-term and future-oriented objectives, effective co-ordination across Welsh Government policy areas related to regional development, capacitated regional structures, and trust and collaborative working among levels of government. The report's insights on establishing strategic direction and fostering collaboration among national, regional, and local levels could be valuable for countries exploring ways to optimise regional development policy, including in the face of resource constraints.
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  • 42
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (64 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers no.15
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This paper explores the economics of Artificial Intelligence (AI), focusing on its potential as a new General-Purpose Technology that can significantly influence economic productivity and societal wellbeing. It examines AI's unique capacity for autonomy and self-improvement, which could accelerate innovation and potentially revive sluggish productivity growth across various industries, while also acknowledging the uncertainties surrounding AI's long-term productivity impacts. The paper discusses the concentration of AI development in big tech firms, uneven adoption rates, and broader societal challenges such as inequality, discrimination, and security risks. It calls for a comprehensive policy approach to ensure AI's beneficial development and diffusion, including measures to promote competition, enhance accessibility, and address job displacement and inequality.
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  • 43
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Business and Finance Policy Papers no.42
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: This report examines the work of the business ombudsman institutions of Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan in order to identify their successful practices, as well as gaps that can be addressed through mutual learning and knowledge sharing. It reviews key aspects of the work of these institutions, including the legal framework for their operations, independence and accountability safeguards, funding mechanisms and operational procedures. Based on the analysis, the report offers a number of recommendations that can help improve existing institutions and also be useful to countries that are considering establishing them.
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (43 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Policy Papers no.47
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This policy paper aims to help governments develop regulatory experimentation constructively and appropriately as part of their implementation of the 2021 OECD Recommendation for Agile Regulatory Governance to Harness Innovation. Regulatory experimentation can help promote adaptive learning and innovative and better-informed regulatory policies and practices. This policy paper examines key concepts, definitions and constitutive elements of regulatory experimentation. It outlines the rationale for using regulatory experimentation, discusses enabling factors and governance requirements, and presents a set of forward-looking conclusions.
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Papers on Well-being and Inequalities no.23
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; France
    Abstract: This paper provides two innovative measures of well-being for French communes, namely a well-being aggregate index and an index of multi-dimensional poverty. These measures provide an unprecedented view of well-being at the local level by using 7 of the 11 key dimensions of the OECD Better Life Initiative (income, unemployment, housing, education, civic engagement, health and environmental quality). The results show that joint deprivation in at least five dimensions of well-being is starkly concentrated among 316 communes, representing as many as 5.2 million inhabitants (7.7% of the French population).
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (37 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers no.13
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This paper looks at the links between AI and wage inequality across 19 OECD countries. It uses a measure of occupational exposure to AI derived from that developed by Felten, Raj and Seamans (2019) – a measure of the degree to which occupations rely on abilities in which AI has made the most progress. The results provide no indication that AI has affected wage inequality between occupations so far (over the period 2014-2018). At the same time, there is some evidence that AI may be associated with lower wage inequality within occupations – consistent with emerging findings from the literature that AI reduces productivity differentials between workers. Further research is needed to identify the exact mechanisms driving the negative relationship between AI and wage inequality within occupations. One possible explanation is that low performers have more to gain from using AI because AI systems are trained to embody the more accurate practices of high performers. It is also possible that AI reduces performance differences within an occupation through a selection effect, e.g. if low performers leave their job because they are unable to adapt to AI tools by shifting their activities to tasks that AI cannot automate.
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  • 47
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (37 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Policy Papers no.46
    Keywords: Energy ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Governance ; Development ; Romania
    Abstract: Policy coherence relies on the development of strategic plans, the availability and use of relevant evidence and data, the right set of skills across the public administration, political commitment, and leadership. Effective policy coherence cannot be achieved without good co-ordination, which relies on sound co-ordination mechanisms, such as interministerial committees or councils, as well as information-sharing tools. The legitimacy and coherence of public policy is also grounded in the support that a government has from stakeholders and citizens. This policy paper offers a tailored policy framework for Romania that builds further on the other outputs of the TSI project “Enhancing Policy Coherence, Transparency, and Co-ordination at the Centre of Government in Romania”. It includes tailored and actionable tools for improving policy coherence across government by strengthening policy development, co-ordination, and stakeholder participation.
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  • 48
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (56 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.303
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Digital technologies are having a profound impact on economies, labour markets and societies. They also have the potential to transform government, by enabling the implementation of more accessible and effective services. To support a shift towards digital government, investment is needed in developing the skills of civil servants. This paper reviews good practices across OECD countries to foster skills for digital government. It presents different approaches in public administration to organising training activities as well as opportunities for informal learning. It also provides insights into how relevant skills can be identified through competence frameworks, how they can be assessed, and how learning opportunities can be evaluated.
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  • 49
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (17 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Insights on Well-being, Inclusion and Equal Opportunity no.15
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Agir pour l’égalité des chances : Explorer les opinions sur les mesures à prendre pour lutter contre les inégalités
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This Policy Insights draws on data collected as part of the Opportunities module in the 2022 OECD Risk that Matters survey and explores public preferences for policies and measures aimed at reducing inequality and enhancing opportunities for all. The analysis reveals that, despite shared concern over inequalities and limited opportunities, opinions on solutions differ. Across the OECD countries surveyed, there is strong support for policies aimed at fostering equal opportunities and limiting market disparities. On the contrary, redistributive measures receive a milder level of support. A large majority of respondents also believe that the private sector can play a significant role by paying fair wages, addressing wage inequalities, creating jobs in the country and by investing in their workforce. This is the last Policy Insights of a three-part series on Measuring Opportunities: The Role of Public Perceptions.
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  • 50
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (155 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: SIGMA Papers no.68
    Keywords: Governance ; Albania ; Bosnia and Herzegovina ; Kosovo ; Montenegro ; North Macedonia ; Serbia
    Abstract: Parliaments have a unique role in ensuring that adopted laws, regardless of who initiated them, are evidence-based and fit-for-purpose. For the executive branch, laws are vital instruments through which they deliver public policy. Governments therefore rely on parliaments to scrutinise and adopt legislation in a timely, well-planned and co-ordinated manner. Parliamentary scrutiny of government lawmaking and its role in ex post evaluation of law implementation helps the legislature hold the executive to account. Evidence-based lawmaking is especially critical to EU integration processes as they involve adoption of many new laws. This paper reviews how laws are planned, initiated, prepared, scrutinised and evaluated by the parliaments of six Western Balkan administrations. The report discusses the concept of lawmaking within a parliamentary system of government. It considers how parliaments and governments co-operate and co-ordinate their legislative activities throughout the lawmaking cycle, providing a comparative analysis of existing rules and procedures as well as lawmaking practices. A set of key findings and policy recommendations are provided to support the Western Balkan administrations to plan and implement future reforms.
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  • 51
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (47 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.165
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The pandemic has stimulated growing interest in using advanced practice nurses such as Nurse Practitioners (NPs) to address growing primary care needs linked to population ageing and more people living with chronic conditions, although not all countries are moving at the same speed. This OECD Health Working paper reviews recent developments in advance practice nursing (APN) in primary care in OECD countries. It focusses on NPs in those countries that are recognising this category of nurses, but also describes the emergence of other categories of nurses taking on new roles such as family and community nurses in some European countries. In those countries that have achieved decisive breakthroughs in new forms of task sharing between primary care doctors (GPs) and nurses, increasing the number of APNs in primary care is seen as a real opportunity to respond to primary care needs and reduce pressures on GPs and hospitals.
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264493162 , 9789264422889 , 9789264613409
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Multi-level Governance Studies
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Croatia
    Abstract: Since joining the EU in 2013, Croatia’s macroeconomic performance has improved significantly. At the same time, large demographic and socio-economic disparities across Croatian regions persist. These trends provide the backdrop against which Croatia has reformed its legislative and strategic planning framework for regional development. Such reforms culminated in the adoption of the National Development Strategy 2030, which includes balanced regional development among its main long-term objectives. They have also led to the creation of regional development agencies, and the design of development plans at the county and local levels. This report assesses the extent to which Croatia’s multi-level governance system is supporting its regional development objectives. In particular, it provides an overview of the country’s regional development performance on several demographic, economic and well-being indicators. From there, it considers how the regional development reforms adopted since 2014 affect the ability of national and subnational governments to design, implement, fund, monitor and evaluate place-based regional development plans. Finally, this report provides practical recommendations to help national and subnational policy makers develop and implement strategic frameworks to meet their territorial development objectives and deliver tangible results to communities across the country.
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264940093 , 9789264757639 , 9789264996663
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Illicit Trade
    Keywords: Governance ; Trade
    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted various aspects of human activity, including illicit trade. Criminal networks have adapted quickly to exploit disrupted supply chains and increased demand for essential goods, creating new opportunities for profit. This report examines how the pandemic has reshaped the trade in counterfeit goods. It looks at the multifaceted effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the trade dynamic, particularly in the European Union. It also explores its effects on the trade in counterfeit goods, drawing on both law enforcement and industry expertise, as well as global customs seizure data. In particular, it highlights the challenges faced, the changing modus operandi of counterfeiters and the solutions that have emerged during this unprecedented health crisis.
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264738355 , 9789264940697 , 9789264530508
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (130 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: The ASEAN region’s economic expansion has created significant financing needs among corporations and investment opportunities for households. This report aims to support ASEAN policy makers harness opportunities and address barriers in mobilising capital markets for sustainable growth and development in the region. It focuses on the functioning of capital markets and the corporate sector’s use of market-based financing. It also examines current corporate governance regulatory frameworks, emerging artificial intelligence trends in finance, and sustainable finance developments with a focus on corporate sustainable bonds.
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264969551 , 9789264465589 , 9789264605091
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Keywords: Energy ; Environment ; Governance ; Slovak Republic
    Abstract: The Slovak Republic has reduced some environmental pressures over the past decade. However, it needs to do more to reduce air pollution, improve waste and wastewater treatment and move towards carbon neutrality. Since 2011, the country has taken important steps to improve its biodiversity policy. Slovakia needs to now align its strategy with the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework and the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030. Most species and habitats are in an unfavourable state and biodiversity considerations are not sufficiently integrated into sectoral policies. This is the third Environmental Performance Review of the Slovak Republic. It provides an evidence-based assessment of the country's progress towards its environmental goals over the past decade. The 29 recommendations aim to help Slovakia improve its environmental performance, giving special focus to biodiversity and forests in the context of climate change.
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  • 56
    ISBN: 9789264336667
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (107 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Governance ; Ukraine
    Abstract: The report assesses Ukraine’s anti-corruption reforms against a set of indicators, benchmarks and their elements under five performance areas that focus on anti-corruption policy, prevention of corruption and enforcement. It analyses Ukraine’s efforts to amend laws, build anti-corruption institutions, its measures to detect, investigate and prosecute corruption cases and identifies areas for improvement.
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264660502 , 9789264949027 , 9789264373112
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (141 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Hechos frente a falsedades: Fortaleciendo la democracia a través de la integridad de la información
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Les faits sans le faux : Lutter contre la désinformation, renforcer l’intégrité de l’information
    Keywords: Education ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Rising disinformation has far-reaching consequences in many policy areas ranging from public health to national security. It can cast doubt on factual evidence, jeopardise the implementation of public policies and undermine people's trust in the integrity of democratic institutions. This report explores how to respond to these challenges and reinforce democracy. It presents an analytical framework to guide countries in the design of policies, looking at three complementary dimensions: implementing policies to enhance the transparency, accountability, and plurality of information sources; fostering societal resilience to disinformation; and upgrading governance measures and public institutions to uphold the integrity of the information space.
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264691728 , 9789264557611 , 9789264576261
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (153 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Corporate Governance
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Kazakhstan
    Abstract: The Kazakh government has undertaken crucial legal and regulatory reforms to improve the governance and performance of its state-owned enterprises (SOEs), but further reforms are needed. This review describes and assesses the corporate governance framework of the Kazakh SOE sector against the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises. It makes recommendations to help the Kazakh authorities reform their state-owned sector and align the exercise of state ownership and the governance of SOEs with international best practices.
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9789264840744
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (142 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Governance ; Moldova, Republic of
    Abstract: The fifth round of monitoring under the Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan assesses Moldova's anti-corruption practices and reforms against a set of indicators, benchmarks and elements under nine performance areas that focus on anti-corruption policy, prevention of corruption and enforcement. The report analyses Moldova's efforts to build anti-corruption institutions, its measures to detect, investigate and prosecute corruption cases and identifies areas for improvement. A follow-up report evaluating Moldova's progress in these areas will follow.
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264840232
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (69 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Aρχές εταιρικής διακυβέρνησης 2023 G20/ΟΟΣΑ
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Principios de Gobierno Corporativo de la OCDE y del G20 2023
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Principes de gouvernance d’entreprise du G20 et de l’OCDE 2023
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2023
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe G20/OECDコーポレートガバナンス原則2023
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: G20/ՏՀԶԿ կորպորատիվ կառավարման սկզբունքներն օգնում են քաղաքականություն մշակողներին գնահատել և կատարելագործել կորպորատիվ կառավարման իրավական, կարգավորման և ինստիտուցիոնալ շրջանակը: Սկզբունքները նույնականացնում են կորպորատիվ կառավարման հուսալի համակարգի առանցքային տարրերը և առաջարկում գործնական ուղենիշներ ազգային մակարդակում դրանց իրականացման համար: Սկզբունքները նաև ուղղորդում են ֆոնդային բորսաներին, ներդրողներին, ընկերություններին և պատշաճ կորպորատիվ կառավարման զարգացման հարցում դերակատարում ունեցող այլ անձանց:
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264859593 , 9789264719675 , 9789264499959
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (44 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: This report provides an overview of green budgeting practices across OECD countries based on the 2022 OECD Green Budgeting Survey, as well as the index methodology for the Survey. It takes stock of OECD countries’ progress in bringing climate and environmental considerations into budgeting frameworks and processes. Green budgeting involves a systematic approach across all stages of the budget process, including financial reporting and budget oversight. The growth in green budgeting in OECD countries, as shown in the report, demonstrates the key role of budget offices in ensuring that policy priorities relating to climate change and the environment are taken into account when allocating resources through the budget process.
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  • 62
    ISBN: 9789264490512
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD-Leitfaden für die Erfüllung der Sorgfaltspflicht zur Förderung verantwortungsvoller Lieferketten in der Bekleidungs- und Schuhwarenindustrie
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains in the Garment and Footwear Sector
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Wytyczne OECD dotyczące należytej staranności w zakresie odpowiedzialnych łańcuchów dostaw w sektorze tekstylno-odzieżowym i obuwniczym
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Guía de la OCDE de debida diligencia para cadenas de suministro responsables en el sector textil y del calzado
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Guide OCDE sur le devoir de diligence applicable aux chaînes d'approvisionnement responsables dans le secteur de l'habillement et de la chaussure
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 经合组织鞋服行业负责任供应链尽责管理指南
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Guia de Devida Diligência da OCDE para Cadeias de Fornecimento Responsáveis no Setor de Vestuário e Calçados
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Hướng dẫn của OECD về Thẩm định các Chuỗi cung ứng có trách nhiệm trong Ngành May mặc và Giày dép
    Keywords: Governance ; Development
    Abstract: ការណែនាំស្តីពីការអនុវត្តកាតព្វកិច្ចតាមច្បាប់របស់អង្គការ OECD សម្រាប់ខ្សែចង្វាក់ផ្គត់ផ្គង់ដែលមានទំនួលខុសត្រូវ ក្នុងវិស័យកាត់ដេរ និងស្បែកជើង ការណែនាំស្តីពីការអនុវត្តកាតព្វកិច្ចតាមច្បាប់របស់អង្គការ OECD សម្រាប់ខ្សែចង្វាក់ផ្គត់ផ្គង់ដែលមានទំនួលខុសត្រូវ ក្នុងវិស័យកាត់ដេរ និងស្បែកជើង ជួយសហគ្រាសនានាអនុវត្តអនុសាសន៍ការអនុវត្តកាតព្វកិច្ចតាមច្បាប់ដែលមាននៅក្នុងគោលការណ៍ណែនាំរបស់ OECD សម្រាប់សហគ្រាសពហុជាតិតាមបណ្តោយខ្សែ សង្វាក់ផ្គត់ផ្គក្ន និងស្បែកជើង ដើម្បីជៀសវាង និងដោះស្រាយផលប៉ះពាល់អវិជ្ជមានដែលអាចកើតមាននៃសកម្មភាព និងខ្សែសង្វាក់ផ្គត់ផ្គង់របស់ពួកគេ។ វាគាំទ្រគោលបំណងនៃគោលការណ៍ណែនាំរបស់ OECD ដើម្បីធានាថាប្រតិបត្តិការរបស់សហគ្រាសក្នុងវិស័យកាត់ដេរ និងស្បែកជើងមានភាពសុខដុមជាមួយ គោលនយោបាយរបស់រដ្ឋាភិបាលក្នុងការពង្រឹងមូលដ្ឋាននៃទំនុកចិត្តទៅវិញទៅមករវាងសហគ្រាស និងសង្គមដែលពួកគេប្រតិបត្តិការ។ ការណែនាំនេះក៏នឹងគាំទ្រដល់សហគ្រាសនានាក្នុងការអនុវត្តកាតព្វកិច្ចតាមច្បាប់ដែលមាននៅក្នុងគោលការណ៍ណែនាំរបស់អង្គការសហប្រជាជាតិស្តីពីធុរកិច្ច និងសិទ្ធិមនុស្ស។ ការណែនាំនេះគឺស្របតាមសេចក្តីប្រកាសរបស់អង្គការពលកម្មអន្តរជាតិ (ILO) ស្តីពីគោលការណ៍មូលដ្ឋាន និងសិទ្ធិការងារ ដោយអនុសញ្ញា និងអនុសាសន៍ពាក់ព័ន្ធរបស់ ILO និងសេចក្តីប្រកាសគោលការណ៍ត្រីភាគីរបស់ ILO ទាក់ទងនឹងសហគ្រាសពហុជាតិ និងគោលនយោបាយសង្គម។ រួមជាមួយនឹងម៉ូឌុលរបស់ខ្លួនស្តីពីការ អនុវត្តកាតព្វកិច្ចតាមច្បាប់សម្រាប់តំបន់មានហានិភ័យជាក់លាក់ ការណែនាំនេះផ្តល់ឱ្យសហគ្រាសនូវកញ្ចប់ពេញលេញសម្រាប់ប្រតិបត្តិការ និងប្រភពប្រកបដោយការទទួលខុសត្រូវនៅក្នុងវិស័យកាត់ដេរ និង ស្បែកជើង។ ការណែនាំនេះត្រូវបានបង្កើតឡើងតាមរយៈដំណើរការពហុភាគីដោយមានការចូលរួមយ៉ាង ស៊ីជម្រៅពីប្រទេស OECD និងមិនមែន OECD អ្នកតំណាងពីផ្នែកធុរកិច្ច សហជីព និងសង្គមស៊ីវិល និងត្រូវបានត្រួតពិនិត្យដោយក្រុមការងារស្តីពីការប្រតិបត្តិអាជីវកម្មដែលមានទំនួលខុសត្រូវ។ វាត្រូវបានតម្រង់ទិសជាក់ស្តែង ដោយសង្កត់ធ្ងន់លើវិធីសាស្រ្តស្ថាបនារួមគ្នាចំពោះបញ្ហាប្រឈមដ៏ស្មុគស្មាញ។ ការណែនាំកសាងលើរបាយការណ៍ស៊ីជម្រៅនៃចំណុចទំនាក់ទំនងជាតិ (NCPs) នៃប្រទេសបារាំង និង អ៊ីតាលី ស្តីពីការអនុវត្តគោលការណ៍ណែនាំរបស់ OECD ក្នុងវិស័យវាយនភណ្ឌ និងកាត់ដេរ ហើយឆ្លើយតបទៅនឹងសេចក្តីថ្លែងការណ៍ដែលបានធ្វើឡើងនៅក្នុងខែមិថុនា ឆ្នាំ 2013 និង 2014 ដោយ NCPs បន្ទាប់ពីការដួលរលំដ៏សោកនាដកម្មនៃ Rana Plaza។
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (11 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Les synthèses de l’OCDE sur le bien-être, l’inclusion et l’égalité des chances no.9
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Unpacking public and private efforts on just transition
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: De plus en plus, l’accent est mis sur les risques auxquels les individus, les entreprises et les pouvoirs publics sont confrontés (qui, par exemple, affectent leur bien-être ainsi que leurs conditions matérielles ou leur situation financière fondamentale) et sur les dommages qui se manifestent. On constate néanmoins une certaine hétérogénéité dans la manière dont les pays et les entreprises structurent et déploient leurs efforts, négligeant parfois de fixer des objectifs communs ou harmonisés ou d’établir des indicateurs cohérents permettant d’évaluer leur impact sur l’environnement et la société. L’établissement d’une sémantique commune sur le concept de transition juste et une solide compréhension de ses activités par les pouvoirs publics et les entreprises permettraient d'évaluer l'ampleur du problème. Cette synthèse donne un aperçu de certaines pratiques positives afin d'encourager d'autres à se lancer et fournit un point de référence pour mesurer les actions futures.
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  • 64
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (86 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Working Papers no.166
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: As populations age and the number of people with chronic conditions increases, countries need to assess how their health systems perform with regard to the management of chronic conditions. OECD's Patient-Reported Indicator Surveys (PaRIS) initiative aims to measure outcomes and experiences of healthcare as reported by patients with chronic conditions as part of the efforts to improve quality of care. The PaRIS survey, an international survey of people living with chronic conditions who are managed in primary care, is implemented in twenty countries. Following a rigorous design and development phase, the PaRIS survey was field-tested in participating countries. This paper reports on the implementation and the results of the Field Trial. The Field Trial provided important lessons which have been used to improve the survey tools and the implementation of the Main Survey.
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  • 65
    ISBN: 9789264333062 , 9789264417137 , 9789264872578
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Connecting People with Jobs
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Ireland
    Abstract: This report analyses the sequence of labour market support that individuals receive and evaluates two large public works programmes. It uses rich administrative data and finds positive labour market impacts of the Community Employment and Tús employment programmes. Building on the results of the analyses, the report makes recommendations on how Ireland can further adapt its active labour market policies (ALMPs) to better support its current and future jobseekers. This report on Ireland is the thirteenth country study published in a series of reports on policies to connect people with jobs, and is part of a joint project with the European Commission to strengthen countries’ capacity to evaluate ALMPs. The report is written jointly by the OECD, the Department of Social Protection of Ireland and the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission.
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  • 66
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (88 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Patient engagement for patient safety: The why, what, and how of patient engagement for improving patient safety
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Die Ansichten von Patient*innen und Bürger*innen und ihr aktives Engagement sind entscheidend, um die Sicherheit und Personenzentriertheit der Gesundheitssysteme zu steigern. Auch im Hinblick auf die gemeinsame Konzeption der Gesundheitsdienstleistungen und Realisierung guter Gesundheitsergebnisse sowie den Aufbau von Vertrauen in die Gesundheitssysteme sind sie ein wesentlicher Faktor. Patient*innen, Familien, Versorgende und Bürger*innen können zur Verbesserung der Patientensicherheit auf allen Ebenen der Gesundheitssysteme beitragen: von der klinischen, lokalen, institutionellen Ebene (z. B. Krankenhaus, Pflegeheim) über die Gemeinschaftsebene (z. B. Primärversorgung, häusliche Pflege) bis zur nationalen Ebene. Der vorliegende Bericht, der sechste in der Reihe zur Ökonomie der Patientensicherheit, erfasst 1. die wirtschaftlichen Auswirkungen der Patienteneinbeziehung zur Förderung der Patientensicherheit, 2. die Ergebnisse einer Pilot-Datensammlung zur Messung von Sicherheitserfahrungen aus Patientensicht und 3. den Status der diesbezüglichen Initiativen in 21 Ländern, die an einer Snapshot-Umfrage teilgenommen haben. Darüber hinaus enthält er Empfehlungen zur Förderung einer stärkeren Patienteneinbeziehung in die Patientensicherheit.
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9789264600782
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (80 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Ukraine
    Abstract: Since the onset of Russia’s large-scale war against Ukraine, millions of people have been forced to flee their homes in search of a safe haven. This report synthesises the findings of the Survey of Arriving Migrants from Ukraine (SAM-UKR), conducted by the European Union Agency for Asylum (EUAA) in collaboration with the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), covering prevailing themes of forced displacement from Ukraine. These themes encompass demographics, reasons for departure, experiences along the journey, life in the host country, return intentions, and future aspirations. In addition to presenting survey results, the report draws on over 1 500 personal testimonies provided by respondents to offer a more direct insight into the decision-making process and emotional state of displaced persons, thereby illuminating their struggles, anxieties, hopes, and aspirations resulting from their displacement.
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264565173
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (115 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Mise en œuvre de la Convention de l'OCDE sur la lutte contre la corruption par le Luxembourg : Rapport de Phase 4
    Keywords: Governance ; Luxembourg
    Abstract: This Phase 4 report on Luxembourg by the OECD Working Group on Bribery evaluates and makes recommendations on Luxembourg’s implementation of the Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions and the 2021 Recommendation of the Council for Further Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions. It was adopted by the OECD Working Group on Bribery during its plenary meeting on 5-8 March 2024.
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  • 69
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (35 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.305
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Increasingly, countries are integrating personalised public services to enhance access to, and the experience of those services to significantly improve outcomes for service users. Integrated services are particularly valuable for those with multiple and complex needs who require a range of tailored and, in some cases, specialised supports and services from more than one agency or service provider. Service specialisation can make it difficult for these service users to get the right mix of services and at the right time that best meet their needs. This paper provides a summary of how countries are integrating services to improve the lives and outcomes of care experienced by young people, people with disabilities, and people leaving prison. The paper is intended for policymakers who are seeking new or improved approaches to improving the outcomes of those who rely on personalised services.
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  • 70
    ISBN: 9789264358621 , 9789264776067 , 9789264389755
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (90 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Keywords: Governance ; Slovak Republic
    Abstract: This report provides insights on applying behavioural insights to improve public integrity in the public administration of the Slovak Republic. This report illustrates, through a stepwise application of the OECD BASIC toolkit, how corruption risk management policies can be improved through the identification and analysis of undesired behaviours, and through the design and testing of strategies to change these behaviours. Specifically, a randomised controlled trial was employed to test the effect of two behaviourally informed strategies to improve risk communication in the public administration. The results provided novel empirical evidence that: 1) providing support to public servants to better understand risks; and 2) exposing public servants to good leadership examples can improve their propensity to communicate risks. Moreover, it was found that feeling safe, trusting and being aware of risk communication channels also play an important role in improving risk communication. Based on the findings, this report provides recommendations to improve the risk management system of the Slovak Republic and inform the discussion on the upcoming National Anti-corruption Strategy, contributing to advancing the country’s efforts in curbing corruption.
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264891654 , 9789264457171 , 9789264442610
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (249 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Ireland
    Abstract: Ireland has shown a strong commitment to addressing child poverty and improving outcomes for children and young people. Responding to the needs of children and young people, particularly those most vulnerable, requires integrated policies and services. This report is part of a joint project between the OECD and the European Commission to strengthen policy and governance arrangements for tackling child poverty and improving outcomes for children and young people based on a whole-of-government approach. The report assesses recent policy, institutional and legislative developments in Ireland and compares outcomes for children and young people with those in other EU and OECD countries. It finds that despite progress, Ireland still has room for improvement on child poverty reduction, and more can be done to address the trust gap between young people in Ireland and their government. The report recommends Ireland to adopt measures to enhance inter-departmental and inter-agency co-operation, strengthen evidence-informed approaches, reinforce policy monitoring tools, and improve accountability mechanisms. It also recommends measures to support the effective implementation of Young Ireland, the National Policy Framework for Children and Young People (2023-28), and to ensure policy coherence.
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  • 72
    ISBN: 9789264680913 , 9789264673472 , 9789264634909
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (159 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Facts not Fakes: Tackling Disinformation, Strengthening Information Integrity
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Les faits sans le faux : Lutter contre la désinformation, renforcer l’intégrité de l’information
    Keywords: Education ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: La desinformación tiene consecuencias de gran alcance en muchos ámbitos, desde la salud pública hasta la seguridad nacional de los países. Puede arrojar dudas sobre la veracidad de los hechos, poner en peligro la aplicación de políticas públicas y socavar la confianza de los ciudadanos en la integridad de las instituciones democráticas. Este informe explora cómo responder a estos retos y reforzar la democracia. Presenta una evaluación exhaustiva de las respuestas gubernamentales destinadas a respaldar espacios informativos plurales, basados en hechos y que fomenten una ciudadanía informada. Analiza las interacciones entre distintas dimensiones políticas que fortalecen la integridad del ámbito informativo, al mismo tiempo que aseguran una protección diligente de las libertades fundamentales y los derechos humanos. Igualmente, propone un triple marco de actuación en materia de políticas públicas: mejorar la transparencia, la rendición de cuentas y la pluralidad de las fuentes de información; fomentar la resiliencia social; y actualizar las medidas de gobernanza y las instituciones públicas para ayudar a fortalecer la integridad del espacio informativo.
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  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (8 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Les synthèses de l’OCDE sur le bien-être, l’inclusion et l’égalité des chances no.8
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Living wages in practice
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Alors que le coût de la vie augmente, que les écarts de salaires s’intensifient et que la pauvreté des travailleurs est un problème généralisé, le concept de salaire vital a connu un regain de popularité. Cette synthèse présente et contextualise le concept de salaire vital. Elle met également en évidence les hypothèses et les critères de mesure clés qui sous-tendent le calcul d'un salaire vital et appelle à plus de clarté et de cohérence dans les méthodologies existantes.
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  • 74
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (54 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.307
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: People’s ability to access essential services is key to their labour market and social inclusion. An important dimension of accessibility is physical accessibility, but little cross-country evidence exists on how close people live to the services facilities they need. This paper helps to address this gap, focusing on three types of essential services: Public Employment Services, primary schools and Early Childhood Education and Care. It collects and maps data on the location of these services for a selection of OECD countries and links them with data on population and transport infrastructure. This allows to compute travel times to the nearest service facility and to quantify disparities in accessibility at the regional level. The results highlight substantial inequalities in accessibility of essential services across and within countries. Although large parts of the population can easily reach these services in most countries, some people are relatively underserved. This is particularly the case in non-metropolitan and low-income regions. At the same time, accessibility seems to be associated with the potential demand for these services once accounting for other regional economic and demographic characteristics.
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  • 75
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (54 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on Public Governance no.69
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance ; Development ; Antigua and Barbuda ; Australia ; Bahamas ; Barbados ; Belize ; Canada ; Cape Verde ; Comoros ; Cook Islands ; Cuba ; Dominica ; Dominican Republic ; Fiji ; Grenada ; Guinea-Bissau ; Guyana ; Haiti ; Jamaica ; Maldives ; Marshall Islands ; Mauritius ; Micronesia, Federated States of ; Nauru ; New Zealand ; Niue ; Palau ; Papua New Guinea ; Saint Kitts and Nevis ; Saint Lucia ; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ; Samoa ; Sao Tome and Principe ; Seychelles ; Singapore ; Solomon Islands ; Suriname ; Timor-Leste ; Tonga ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Tuvalu ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Vanuatu
    Abstract: Given the fast pace of global socio-economic development, more tailored, focused, and localised efforts to strengthen public sector capacity in small island developing states (SIDS) is increasingly important. SIDS have unique vulnerabilities, rich histories and contexts, and strengths that can be harnessed for sustainable development. Development partners need to adapt how they provide capacity-strengthening support, taking individual SIDS’ circumstances and needs into account to better help them achieve their ambitions. This report summarises perspectives from small island developing states (SIDS) on current experiences and opportunities to improve capacity-strengthening support to make it more tailored, impactful, and sustainable. The report uses the broad definition of capacity-strengthening as activities that improve the competencies and abilities of individuals, organisations, and broader formal and informal social structures in a way that boosts organisational performance. It concentrates on public sector capacity, including interactions with other stakeholders across sectors.
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  • 76
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (45 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers no.165
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Emerging technologies can contribute to unprecedented gains in health, energy, climate, food systems, and biodiversity. However, these technologies and their convergence sometimes carry risks to privacy, security, equity and human rights. This dual-edged nature of emerging technology requires policies that better anticipate disruptions and enable technology development for economic prosperity, resilience, security and sustainable development. Drawing on prior OECD work and legal instruments, this framework equips governments, other innovation actors and societies to anticipate and get ahead of governance challenges, and build longer-term capacities to shape innovation more effectively. Its “anticipatory technology governance” approach consists of five interdependent elements and associated governance tools: (1) embeding values throughout the innovation process; (2) enhancing foresight and technology assessment; (3) engaging stakeholders and society; (4) building regulation that is agile and adaptive; and (5) reinforcing international cooperation in science and norm-making. The emerging technology context determines how each of these elements is applied.
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  • 77
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264367142 , 9789264582507 , 9789264702875
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Social Institutions and Gender Index
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Brunei Darussalam ; Cambodia ; Indonesia ; Lao People's Democratic Republic ; Malaysia ; Philippines ; Singapore ; Thailand ; Timor-Leste ; Viet Nam
    Abstract: What are the structural barriers to women's empowerment and inclusive development in Southeast Asia? Building on data from the fifth edition of the SIGI, the SIGI 2024 Regional Report for Southeast Asia: Time to Care provides new evidence-based analysis on the progress and setbacks in eliminating the root causes of gender inequality in 11 countries of the region. It underscores how multiple personal status laws perpetuate gender-based legal discrimination. The analysis also shows that social norms governing gender roles and responsibilities worsened between 2014 and 2022, particularly affecting women’s educational and economic rights. The report explores a critical policy area for the region, the care economy. Stressing the gendered, informal, and unpaid dimensions of care, it draws on social, demographic, educational and economic evidence to forecast a growing demand for care services in Southeast Asian countries. The report advocates for the strategic development of formal care systems as a unique opportunity to accelerate women's economic empowerment, build inclusive societies and strengthen the region's resilience to external shocks – including those induced by climate change. To dismantle the barriers that prevent the emergence and expansion of such a formal care economy, it provides concrete recommendations to policy makers and other stakeholders.
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  • 78
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Les synthèses de l’OCDE sur le bien-être, l’inclusion et l’égalité des chances no.15
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Enhancing opportunities by design: Exploring people's views of what should be done to fight inequality
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: La présente synthèse, qui s’appuie sur les données du module sur l’égalité des chances de l’enquête de l’OCDE de 2022 Des risques qui comptent, explore les préférences des individus en faveur de politiques et d'actions visant à réduire les inégalités et à améliorer les opportunités individuelles. L'analyse révèle qu'en dépit de préoccupations largement partagées en matière d'inégalités et d’égalités des chances, les opinions divergent quant aux solutions à apporter. Dans l’ensemble des pays de l’OCDE où l’enquête a été menée, les politiques visant à favoriser l'égalité des chances et à limiter les disparités du marché bénéficient d'un large soutien. En revanche, les mesures de redistributions suscitent une adhésion plus modérée. Par ailleurs, une grande majorité des répondants estiment que le secteur privé peut jouer un rôle important en proposant des salaires équitables, en luttant contre les inégalités de rémunération, en créant des emplois dans le pays et en investissant dans la main-d’œuvre. Cette synthèse est la dernière d’une série de trois sur le thème Mesurer l’égalité des chances : le rôle de l’opinion publique.
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  • 79
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 23, no. 3 | volume:23 | year:2024 | number:3
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 23, no. 3
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:23
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2024
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics
    Abstract: This paper argues that countries will need to better assess potential savings in the provision of universal benefits and providing services free to all at the point of delivery. Instead, programmes will need to be targeted at those truly in need, and services only free to those with limited ability to pay. It draws an analogy to the progressivity of the tax system where those with greater means pay higher taxes. A similar philosophy should be the basis of government spending. It highlights examples of the application of means-testing and user charging for key areas including retirement benefits, health care and education. The paper is meant to stimulate discussion among Senior Budget Officials.
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  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Papers on Well-being and Inequalities no.21
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada ; France ; Italy ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Abstract: This paper first presents a meta-analysis of the causal impact of cultural participation on well-being. The meta-analysis classifies the literature according to the strength of the evidence available and various types of cultural activities. Secondly, this paper uses data from time use surveys from Canada, France, Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United States to study individuals’ emotional responses to a series of daily activities. This is then used as a basis for an empirical assessment of the drivers of time allocation across different activities, showing that expectations of future well-being are one of the reasons why individuals decide to engage in cultural activities. Furthermore, the model helps explain why cultural participation, in spite of being one of the most enjoyable human activities, is also the least undertaken. We show that heterogeneity of preferences results in a strong selection effect in available statistics.
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  • 81
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (41 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Policy Papers no.53
    Keywords: Governance ; Development
    Abstract: This paper examines the role of mobilising political will in establishing the conditions necessary for economic and social inclusion of refugees, internally displaced persons, and formerly displaced persons who achieve durable solutions such as voluntary return. It investigates the role and conditions to mobilise political will for more comprehensive and inclusive policies that can lead to long-term local development in contexts of forced displacement in low- and middle-income countries (LICs and MICs). Case studies from Bangladesh, Cameroon, Ecuador, Iraq and Lebanon illustrate the ways in which political will, or its absence, can shape the approach to supporting the forcibly displaced and hosting communities. The paper also proposes a conceptual model for mobilising political will to facilitate sustainable development support in contexts of forced displacement.
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  • 82
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (55 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers no.14
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Most workers who will be exposed to artificial intelligence (AI) will not require specialised AI skills (e.g. machine learning, natural language processing, etc.). Even so, AI will change the tasks these workers do, and the skills they require. This report provides first estimates for the effect of artificial intelligence on the demand for skills in jobs that do not require specialised AI skills. The results show that the skills most demanded in occupations highly exposed to AI are management and business skills. These include skills in general project management, finance, administration and clerical tasks. The results also show that there have been increases over time in the demand for these skills in occupations highly exposed to AI. For example, the share of vacancies in these occupations that demand at least one emotional, cognitive or digital skill has increased by 8 percentage points. However, using a panel of establishments (which induces plausibly exogenous variation in AI exposure), the report finds evidence that the demand for these skills is beginning to fall.
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  • 83
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (13 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Les synthèses de l’OCDE sur le bien-être, l’inclusion et l’égalité des chances no.3
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Measuring the social performance of firms through the lens of the OECD Well-being Framework
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Cette synthèse présente un cadre conceptuel pour comprendre la performance non financière des entreprises par le prisme du Cadre de mesure du bien-être de l'OCDE. S'appuyant sur les approches existantes pour mesurer la performance sociale, elle propose un cadre et une série d'indicateurs pour ce que l'on peut appeler la « 1ère dimension de la performance sociale ». Il s'agit des résultats en termes de bien-être des parties prenantes qui évoluent au sein du périmètre organisationnel de l'entreprise, à savoir les salariés, et des ressources nécessaires au bien-être futur qui sont générées ou appauvries directement par entreprise elle-même et qui sont utiles à la société dans son ensemble. Il est intéressant de suivre l’évolution des résultats des entreprises dans le domaine social pour les personnes qui souhaitent comprendre les effets concrets des entreprises sur la société, ainsi que pour celles qui visent à maximiser la valeur à long terme de l’entreprise.
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Journal on Budgeting Vol. 23, no. 3 | volume:23 | year:2024 | number:3
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (9 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Journal on Budgeting
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 23, no. 3
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:23
    Angaben zur Quelle: year:2024
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:3
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics
    Abstract: The OECD Performance Budgeting Framework provides four building blocks to guide countries in strengthening their approach to performance budgeting. These are (i) tools and methods for developing meaningful performance information, (ii) accountability and transparency, (iii) a strong enabling environment, and (iv) the use of performance information to inform decisions around the budget.
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  • 85
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (28 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.308
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: While the second half of the 20th century was characterised by a growing integration of the global economy, in recent years there have been growing calls for protectionism and reshoring. At the same time, COVID-19 resulted in higher levels of remote working, which showed that many jobs could be done from anywhere and could, in theory, be offshored. The future of offshoring and reshoring is therefore highly uncertain. This document summarises some of the key issues and trends with regards to offshoring and reshoring. It then sets out a research agenda which would result in a better understanding the future of offshoring and reshoring and their impact on domestic labour markets, which would help policy makers in OECD countries plan for the changes that lie ahead.
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9789264928503
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (130 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Implementing the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention in Luxembourg: Phase 4 Report
    Keywords: Governance ; Luxembourg
    Abstract: Ce rapport de Phase 4 sur le Luxembourg par le Groupe de travail de l’OCDE sur la corruption évalue et fait des recommandations sur la mise en œuvre par le Luxembourg de la Convention de l’OCDE sur la lutte contre la corruption d’agents publics étrangers dans les transactions commerciales internationales et la Recommandation de 2021 du Conseil visant à renforcer la lutte contre la corruption d’agents publics étrangers dans les transactions commerciales internationales. Il a été adopté par le Groupe de travail de l'OCDE sur la corruption lors de sa réunion plénière du 5 au 8 mars 2024.
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (11 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers no.8
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: In November 2023, OECD member countries approved a revised version of the Organisation’s definition of an AI system. This document contains proposed clarifications to the definition of an AI system contained in the 2019 OECD Recommendation on AI (the “AI Principles”) to support their continued relevance and technical soundness. The goal of the definition of an AI system in the OECD Recommendation is to articulate what is considered to be an AI system, for purposes of the recommendation.
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264845589 , 9789264413832 , 9789264398047
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (90 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Perspectives de l'OCDE sur la lutte contre la corruption et l'intégrité 2024
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Perspectivas de anticorrupción e integridad 2024
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This first edition of the OECD Anti-Corruption and Integrity Outlook analyses Member countries’ efforts to uphold integrity and fight corruption. Based on data from the Public Integrity Indicators, it analyses the performance of countries’ integrity frameworks, and explores how some of the main challenges to governments today (including the green transition, artificial intelligence, and foreign interference) are increasing corruption and integrity risks for countries. It also addresses how the shortcomings in integrity systems can impede countries’ responses to these major challenges. In providing a snapshot of how countries are performing today, the Outlook supports strategic planning and policy work to strengthen public integrity for the future.
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264804012 , 9789264331136 , 9789264636958
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (146 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The transition towards a green economy, the rapid development of new digital technologies and cultural change are some of the forces disrupting traditional career paths, resulting in more fluid and diversified career trajectories. To benefit from increased longevity, workers will increasingly have to consider job mobility at middle and older ages, changing jobs or careers more frequently than in the past. Making successful career transitions, however, tends to be more difficult for workers at older ages due to health issues, unfamiliarity with relevant technology or a lack of recent job search experience. This may result in a mismatch between the types of jobs they want and the jobs that employers may provide. This report presents evidence on recent trends in career mobility and the consequences for individual workers in terms of pay and other job characteristics. It identifies key employer and public policies that can help facilitate career mobility that results in better employment choices at older ages. This requires overcoming discriminatory views towards older workers, improving job flexibility choices and ensuring that government policy supports voluntary career mobility.
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  • 90
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (70 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: SIGMA Papers no.69
    Keywords: Governance ; Albania ; Bosnia and Herzegovina ; Georgia ; Kosovo ; Moldova, Republic of ; Montenegro ; North Macedonia ; Serbia ; Türkiye ; Ukraine
    Abstract: Supreme audit institutions (SAIs) are a critical part of public accountability systems. They ‘watch’ over governments’ use of public money and report about it publicly, helping to increase transparency. SAIs have an interest in strongly engaging with external stakeholders – including citizens – to make sure that their work is relevant, understood and used to hold governments to account. This paper provides a compilation of European SAIs’ practices on communication, co-operation and collaboration with external partners and is intended to provide inspiration to SAIs of EU candidate countries and potential candidates to further strengthen their engagement with their non-governmental stakeholders.
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  • 91
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (35 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.306
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Open unemployment and joblessness in Switzerland are low compared to OECD standards. Yet a comparatively high proportion of working-age individuals remain weakly attached to the labour market, with unstable jobs, or with limited working hours. As an initial step towards a possible in-depth project, this Faces of Joblessness feasibility study provides insight into the nature and incidence of the structural barriers that are likely to prevent individuals from fully engaging in employment and speculates on their possible links with underutilized employment potential. It shows that lack of recent work experience and substantial non-labour or partner income are two key employment barriers in Switzerland. Partner income can be a barrier for women in particular and might be one of the reasons why many women leave stable employment at childbearing age, alongside low supply and high cost of early childhood education and care programs. Workers over 60 also represent a significant underutilized employment potential, as many have taken early retirement. Non-EU migrant are particularly exposed to potential labour market difficulties at younger age, and many of them have low levels of education, poor professional skills or limited work experience. This study also suggests that many jobless are confronted with complex and inter-related employment obstacles.
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  • 92
    ISBN: 9789264666023
    Language: Ukrainian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (82 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Lutte contre la délinquance fiscale ‒ les dix principes mondiaux, deuxième édition
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Fighting Tax Crime – The Ten Global Principles, Second Edition
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Lucha contra los delitos fiscales – Los diez Principios Globales (Segunda Edición)
    Keywords: Governance ; Taxation
    Abstract: Вперше опублікований у 2017 році, посібник "Боротьба з податковими злочинами: Десять глобальних принципів" став першим всеохоплюючим документом у сфері боротьби з податковими злочинами. У ньому викладено десять основних принципів, що охоплюють правові, інституційні, адміністративні та оперативні аспекти, необхідні для створення дієвої та ефективної системи виявлення, розслідування та судового переслідування податкових злочинів, яка водночас дозволяє забезпечити дотримання прав обвинувачених платників податків. У другому виданні розглядаються нові виклики, зокрема боротьба з фахівцями, які сприяють податковим і посадовим злочинам, а також акцентується увага на розвитку міжнародного співробітництва у поверненні активів. На основі досвіду юрисдикцій з усіх континентів у звіті також висвітлено успішні справи, пов'язані з неправомірним використанням віртуальних активів, складні розслідування за участю об'єднаних оперативних груп та використання нових технологічних інструментів для боротьби з податковими та іншими фінансовими злочинами. Десять глобальних принципів є важливим елементом Діалогу ОЕСР в Осло — загальнодержавного підходу до боротьби з податковими злочинами та незаконними фінансовими потоками. До другого видання включено 33 звіти по країнах, в яких детально описуються національні системи боротьби з податковими злочинами, а також прогрес, якого досягли країни у впровадженні Десяти глобальних принципів. Ці звіти доступні окремо онлайн.
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  • 93
    ISBN: 9789264762152 , 9789264772311 , 9789264317642
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (89 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Renforcer la transparence et l’intégrité des activités d’influence étrangère en France : Un outil pour lutter contre les risques d’ingérences étrangères
    Keywords: Governance ; France
    Abstract: This report analyses the legislative and institutional framework in France relating to the transparency and integrity of foreign influence activities. It identifies concrete policy measures adapted to the French context to make foreign influence activities more transparent, and to discourage foreign interference attempts that are made notably through opaque lobbying and influence activities. It also ensures that the risk of foreign interference is better taken into account when public officials move between the public and private sectors.
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264759015 , 9789264472426 , 9789264489219
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (48 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Governance ; Belgium
    Abstract: Since 2014, the Flemish government has undertaken a series of reforms of its budgetary system, including the implementation of performance-informed budgeting, which includes both the implementation of spending reviews and performance budgeting. The aim of the reforms is to better integrate policy development and resource allocation and improve the accountability and transparency of the Flemish public sector. This report takes stock of performance-informed budgeting practices in Flanders. It provides an assessment of their key strengths and highlights where improvements can be made. Finally, it includes recommendations to further strengthen the approach to performance-informed budgeting in Flanders.
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  • 95
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on Public Governance no.68
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: To meet their international climate commitments and strengthen renewable energy production, many countries will require significant new investment in low emissions infrastructure. To deliver low emissions infrastructure at the necessary rate and scale, many countries recognise they need better ways of planning and regulating infrastructure and its value chains. This Working Paper describes the challenges and opportunities for using regulatory, stakeholder engagement and public procurement tools to help countries deliver more effective permitting. It provides international good practice case studies to help countries stimulate investment and reduce barriers for new, low emissions infrastructure so they can fulfil their international climate commitments while ensuring existing policy objectives.
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  • 96
    ISBN: 9789264621039
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Державне управління в Україні: Оцінювання на відповідність Принципам державного управління
    Keywords: Governance ; Ukraine
    Abstract: This report analyses the performance of public administration in Ukraine through a set of standard indicators based on the Principles of Public Administration. The Principles set out what good public governance entails in practice and outline the main requirements to be followed by countries during the European Union (EU) integration process. They address the preconditions for a good public administration (good laws, policies, institutional capacity and procedures) and how an administration performs in practice. In its 2014 and 2018 Enlargement Strategies, the European Commission highlighted public administration reform as one of three “fundamentals first” areas of the EU enlargement process. Given the European Council decision of December 2023 to open accession negotiations with Ukraine, this report provides data and recommendations on how Ukraine could better meet the standards set by the Principles. The report follows up on the 2018 SIGMA Baseline Measurement Report and provides comparative information on reform successes and remaining challenges. It covers the six thematic areas of the Principles (strategic framework of public administration reform, policy development and co-ordination, public service and human resource management, accountability, service delivery and public financial management). The report provides indicator values and comparison of overall trends across the administration.
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  • 97
    ISBN: 9789264344600
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (156 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Governance ; Azerbaijan
    Abstract: The fifth round of monitoring under the Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan assesses Azerbaijan's anti-corruption practices and reforms against a set of indicators, benchmarks and elements under nine performance areas that focus on anti-corruption policy, prevention of corruption and enforcement. The report analyses Azerbaijan's efforts to build anti-corruption institutions, its measures to detect, investigate and prosecute corruption cases and identifies areas for improvement. A follow-up report evaluating Azerbaijan's progress in these areas will follow.
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  • 98
    ISBN: 9789264741515 , 9789264690103 , 9789264648685
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (93 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE sur la gouvernance publique
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Strengthening the Transparency and Integrity of Foreign Influence Activities in France: A Tool for Tackling Foreign Interference Risks
    Keywords: Governance ; France
    Abstract: Ce rapport analyse le cadre législatif et institutionnel en France relatif à la transparence et à l’intégrité des activités d’influence étrangère. Il identifie ainsi des pistes d’actions concrètes adaptées au contexte français pour rendre les activités d’influence étrangère plus transparentes, décourager les tentatives d’ingérences étrangères effectuées notamment au travers d’activités de lobbying et d’influence opaques, et veiller à ce que le contrôle des mobilités public-privé prenne mieux en compte ce risque.
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264360211 , 9789264478701 , 9789264555631
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (167 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Regional Outlook 2023: The Longstanding Geography of Inequalities
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Au cours des deux dernières décennies, les inégalités régionales sont restées importantes et se sont creusées dans de nombreux pays de l'OCDE. L'impact des chocs récents, notamment la pandémie de COVID-19 et la guerre d'agression de la Russie contre l'Ukraine, ainsi que les mégatendances, menacent de creuser ces écarts entre les régions, accentuant ainsi une géographie persistante des inégalités. Ce rapport, Perspectives régionales 2023 – Une géographie persistante des inégalités, apporte des éléments nouveaux sur l'évolution des inégalités entre les régions de l'OCDE dans plusieurs domaines (notamment les revenus et l'accès aux services) au cours des vingt dernières années. Il met en lumière le rôle de la productivité dans la lutte contre les inégalités régionales. Il examine également les coûts des inégalités régionales, qui peuvent affaiblir le tissu économique, social et politique, et conduire à une géographie du mécontentement. En outre, le rapport explore des scénarios prospectifs pour les régions dans le cadre des réflexions en cours visant à préparer l'avenir de la politique de développement régional et à garantir la cohésion sociale. Enfin, il fournit une feuille de route politique pour guider les efforts des gouvernements en vue de réduire les inégalités régionales persistantes, aujourd'hui et à l'avenir.
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264416956 , 9789264818262 , 9789264909878
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (63 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Aρχές εταιρικής διακυβέρνησης 2023 G20/ΟΟΣΑ
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe G20/ՏՀԶԿ ԿՈՐՊՈՐԱՏԻՎ ԿԱՌԱՎԱՐՄԱՆ ՍԿԶԲՈՒՆՔՆԵՐ 2023
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Principes de gouvernance d’entreprise du G20 et de l’OCDE 2023
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2023
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe G20/OECDコーポレートガバナンス原則2023
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Los Principios de Gobierno Corporativo de la OCDE y del G20 ayudan a los responsables de formular políticas a evaluar y mejorar el marco legal, regulatorio e institucional para el gobierno corporativo. Identifican los elementos clave para un marco sólido de gobierno corporativo y ofrecen orientación práctica para su implementación a nivel nacional. Los Principios también brindan orientación para las bolsas de valores, los inversores, las corporaciones y otros que desempeñan un papel en el desarrollo de una buena gobernanza corporativa.
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