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  • Dordrecht : Springer  (34)
  • Computer Science  (19)
  • Biology  (10)
  • Natural Sciences  (5)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands | Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789402415551
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (29 illus., 20 illus. in color. eReference)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 302.23
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Media Research ; Computers and Society ; Media Sociology ; Science and Technology Studies ; Science, Humanities and Social Sciences, multidisciplinary ; Communication ; Sociology ; Computers and civilization ; Mass media ; Technology—Sociological aspects ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Internet ; Einfluss ; Social Media ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Recherche ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Internet ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Social Media ; Einfluss ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Internet ; Recherche
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789401798228
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 438 p. 52 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences 11
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Braillard, Pierre-Alain Explanation in biology
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy
    Abstract: Patterns of explanation in biology have long been recognized as different from those deployed in other scientific disciplines, especially physics. Celebrating the diversity of explanatory models found in biology, this volume details their varying types as well as their relationships to one another. It covers the key current debates in the philosophy of biology over the nature of explanation, and its apparent diversity that stems from a variety of historical, causal, mechanistic, or mathmatical explanatory practices. Offering a wealth of fresh analyses on the nature of explanation in contemporary biology chapters examine aspects ranging from the role of mathematics in explaining cell development to the complexities thrown up by evolutionary-developmental biology, where explanation is altered by multidisciplinarity itself. They cover major domains such as ecology and systems biology, as well as contemporary trends, such as the mechanistic explanations spawned by progress in molecular biology. With contributions from researchers of many different nationalities, the book provides a many-angled perspective on a revealing feature of the discipline of biology
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  • 3
    E-Resource
    E-Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9783658065850 , 9783658065867 (Sekundärausgabe)
    Language: German
    Pages: 191 p.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource ISBN 9783658065867
    Edition: [Online-Ausg.]
    DDC: 302.2
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    Keywords: Unternehmen ; Big Data
    Abstract: Stefanie King geht in ihrem Buch der Frage nach, weshalb Big Data, trotz des hohen Wertschopfungspotentials, bis heute nicht in allen Industriezweigen und Unternehmen genutzt wird. Im ersten Teil des Buches behandelt sie die technologischen und kommunikationswissenschaftlichen Grundlagen sowie die Einsatzgebiete von Big Data. Anschließend untersucht sie die Barrieren und entwickelt potentielle Losungsansatze. Die Autorin zeigt, dass die Herausforderungen von Big Data primar die Bereiche Daten, Ethik, Gesellschaft, Organisation, Rechtslage sowie Technologie betreffen, und erklart, wie Unternehm...
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401786454
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 186 p. 22 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Lu, Xiaofei Computational methods for corpus annotation and analysis
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Computational methods for corpus annotation and analysis
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    Keywords: Translators (Computer programs) ; Applied linguistics ; Linguistics ; Korpus ; Computerlinguistik
    Abstract: In the past few decades the use of increasingly large text corpora has grown rapidly in language and linguistics research. This was enabled by remarkable strides in natural language processing (NLP) technology, technology that enables computers to automatically and efficiently process, annotate and analyze large amounts of spoken and written text in linguistically and/or pragmatically meaningful ways. It has become more desirable than ever before for language and linguistics researchers who use corpora in their research to gain an adequate understanding of the relevant NLP technology to take full advantage of its capabilities. This volume provides language and linguistics researchers with an accessible introduction to the state-of-the-art NLP technology that facilitates automatic annotation and analysis of large text corpora at both shallow and deep linguistic levels. The book covers a wide range of computational tools for lexical, syntactic, semantic, pragmatic and discourse analysis, together with detailed instructions on how to obtain, install and use each tool in different operating systems and platforms. The book illustrates how NLP technology has been applied in recent corpus-based language studies and suggests effective ways to better integrate such technology in future corpus linguistics research. This book provides language and linguistics researchers with a valuable reference for corpus annotation and analysis.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9783319065267
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 338 p. 65 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Models and Modeling in Science Education 8
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Science teachers' use of visual representations
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    Keywords: Science Study and teaching ; Education ; Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Hochschule ; Lehre ; Visualisierung
    Abstract: This book examines the diverse use of visual representations by teachers in the science classroom. It contains unique pedagogies related to the use of visualization, presents original curriculum materials as well as explores future possibilities. The book begins by looking at the significance of visual representations in the teaching of science. It then goes on to detail two recent innovations in the field: simulations and slowmation, a process of explicit visualization. It also evaluates the way teachers have used different diagrams to illustrate concepts in biology and chemistry. Next, the book explores the use of visual representations in culturally diverse classrooms, including the implication of culture for teachers’ use of representations, the crucial importance of language in the design and use of visualizations, and visualizations in popular books about chemistry. It also shows the place of visualizations in the growing use of informal, self-directed science education. Overall, the book concludes that if the potential of visualizations in science education is to be realized in the future, the subject must be included in both pre-service and in-service teacher education. It explores ways to develop science teachers’ representational competence and details the impact that this will have on their teaching. The worldwide trend towards providing science education for all, coupled with the increased availability of color printing, access to personal computers and projection facilities, has lead to a more extensive and diverse use of visual representations in the classroom. This book offers unique insights into the relationship between visual representations and science education, making it an ideal resource for educators as well as researchers in science education, visualization and pedagogy
    Description / Table of Contents: Section A: Research into teaching with visual representationsIntroduction -- Chapter 1 : The significance of visual representations in the teaching of science, B. Eilam, J.K. Gilbert -- Chapter 2 : Teaching and researching visual representations: Shared vision or divided world? S. Ainsworth & L. Newton -- Section B: Teachers’ selections, constructions and use of visual representations -- Introduction -- Chapter 3 : Representing visually: What teachers know and what they prefer, B. Eilam, Y. Poyas, R. Hasimshoni -- Chapter 4 : Slowmation: A process of explicit visualisation, J. Loughran -- Chapter 5 : Secondary biology teachers’ use of different types of diagrams for different purposes, Y. Liu, M. Won, D.F. Treagust -- Chapter 6 : Teaching stoichiometry with particulate diagrams - linking macro phenomena and chemical equations, M.W. Cheng, J.K. Gilbert -- Section C: Teachers’ use of visual representations in culturally-diverse classrooms -- Introduction -- Chapter 7 : Thoughts on visualizations in diverse cultural settings: The case of France and Pakistan, E. De Vries, M. Ashraf -- Chapter 8 : The implication of culture for teachers’ use of representations, B. Waldrip, S. Satupo, F. Rodie -- Chapter 9 : The interplay between language and visualization: The role of the teacher, L. Mammino -- Chapter 10: Visualizations in popular books about chemistry, J.K. Gilbert, A. Afonso -- Section D: Teachers’ supporting student learning from visual representations -- Introduction -- Chapter 11 : Teachers using interactive simulations to scaffold inquiry instruction in physical science education, D. Geelan, X.Fan -- Chapter 12: Transformed instruction: Teaching in a student-generated representations learning environment, O. Parnafes, R. Trachtenberg-Maslaton -- Chapter 13: The laboratory for making things: Developing multiple representations of knowledge, J. Bamberger -- Section E: Overview -- Chapter 14: Developing science teachers’ representational competence and its impact on their teaching, J.K.Gilbert, B. Eilam.
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400765375
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 762 p. 17 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences 1
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Kampourakis, Kostas The Philosophy of Biology
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Study and teaching ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Study and teaching
    Abstract: This book brings together for the first time philosophers of biology to write about some of the most central concepts and issues in their field from the perspective of biology education. The chapters of the book cover a variety of topics ranging from traditional ones, such as biological explanation, biology and religion or biology and ethics, to contemporary ones, such as genomics, systems biology or evolutionary developmental biology. Each of the 30 chapters covers the respective philosophical literature in detail and makes specific suggestions for biology education. The aim of this book is to inform biology educators, undergraduate and graduate students in biology and related fields, students in teacher training programs, and curriculum developers about the current state of discussion on the major topics in the philosophy of biology and its implications for teaching biology. In addition, the book can be valuable to philosophers of biology as an introductory text in undergraduate and graduate courses
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword; Contents; Contributors; Philosophy of Biology and Biology Education: An Introduction; 1 Prolegomena: The Rationale and Aims of this Book; 2 The Science of Life; 3 The Nature of Evolutionary Theory; 4 Evolutionary Theory and Religion; 5 Evolution at the Molecular Level; 6 Evolution and Development; 7 Integrating Levels: Taking Ecology and Microbiology Seriously into Account; 8 Conceptual Obstacles to Understanding Evolution: Essentialism and Teleology; 9 "Proximate" Phenomena: Functions, Mechanisms, Information and the Systemic Approach in Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: 10 Genetics: Beyond Mendel and Genetic Determinism11 Biology and Ethics; What Is Life?; 1 Introduction; 2 Concepts and Definitions: From Philosophy to Science; 3 Limitations of Our Current Understanding of Life; 4 Searching for Alternative Forms of Life; 5 Conclusion; References; Biological Explanation; 1 Introduction; 2 Biology and Philosophical Accounts of Explanation; 3 Explanation and Scientific Practice; 4 Conclusion: Teaching About Biological Explanation; 4.1 Suggestion 1: Do Not Overly Emphasize Laws When Thinking About Biology Explanations
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.2 Suggestion 2: Explicitly Motivate Forms of Explanation That Are Common in Biology4.3 Suggestion 3: Resist the Temptation to Simplify the Diversity of Approaches in Biology and Their Apparent Incompatibility; 4.4 Suggestion 4: Explicitly Consider the Role of Models-Partial, Unrealistic Representation; 4.5 Suggestion 5: Emphasize Methodological Differences Over Seemingly Ideological Differences; Teach That a Plurality of Approaches Is Here to Stay; References; What Would Natural Laws in the Life Sciences Be?; 1 Introduction; 2 Laws of Nature: The Standard Picture
    Description / Table of Contents: 3 The Problem of Exceptions4 The Problem of Accidentalness; 5 Evolutionary Accidents as Laws of Certain Fields of Biology; 6 Conclusion; References; The Nature of Evolutionary Biology: At the Borderlands Between Historical and Experimental Science; 1 On the Scientific Status of Evolutionary Theory; 2 The Fisher-Wright Debates and the Importance of Stochastic Events in Evolution; 3 Gould and the Project for a Nomothetic Evolutionary Biology; 4 The Modern Study of Chance vs. Necessity; 5 The Philosophical Context: Cleland's Analysis
    Description / Table of Contents: 6 Conclusion: Chance and Necessity Within the Extended SynthesisReferences; Evolutionary Theory and the Epistemology of Science; 1 Introduction; 2 Epistemological Background; 2.1 The Traditional Account of Knowledge; 2.2 Evidence and Knowledge; 3 Objections to Evolutionary Theory; 3.1 Evolution Is a Mere Theory; 3.2 Evolution Is not Falsifiable; 3.3 Evolution Makes no Predictions; 3.4 Evolution Has Been Falsified; 4 The Evidence for Evolution; 5 Conclusions; References; Conceptual Change and the Rhetoric of Evolutionary Theory: 'Force Talk' as a Case Study and Challenge for Science Pedagogy
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Conceptual Schemes and Darwin's Interacting Metaphors
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword; Michael Ruse -- Philosophy of Biology and Biology Education: An Introduction; Kostas Kampourakis -- What is life?; Carol Cleland and Michael Zerella -- Biological Explanation; Angela Potochnik -- What would Natural Laws in the Life Sciences be?;  Marc Lange -- The Nature of Evolutionary Biology: at the borderlands between Historical and Experimental Science; Massimo Pigliucci -- Evolutionary Theory and the Epistemology of Science; Kevin McCain & Brad Weslake -- Conceptual Change and the Rhetoric of Evolutionary Theory: ‘Force Talk’ as a case study and Challenge for Science Pedagogy; David Depew -- Debating the Power and Scope of Adaptation; Patrick Forber -- Biology and Religion: The Case for Evolution, Francisco Ayala -- The Implications of Evolutionary Biology for Religious Belief; Denis Alexander -- Intelligent Design and the Nature of Science: Philosophical and Pedagogical Points, Ingo Brigandt -- Molecular Evolution, Michael Dietrich -- Educational Lessons from Evolutionary Properties of the Sexual Genome; John Avise -- Non-genetic Inheritance and Evolution; Tobias Uller -- Homology, Alessandro Minelli & Giuseppe Fusco -- Teaching Evolutionary Developmental Biology: Concepts, Problems and Controversy; Alan Love -- Philosophical Issues in Ecology, James Justus -- Small Things, Big Consequences: Microbiological Perspectives on Biology; Michael J. Duncan, Pierrick Bourrat, Jennifer DeBerardinis, & Maureen O’ Malley -- Essentialism in Biology; John Wilkins -- Biological Teleology: the Need for History; James Lennox & Kostas Kampourakis -- Biology's Functional Perspective: Roles, Advantages and Organization; Arno Wouters -- Understanding Biological Mechanisms: Using Illustrations from Circadian Rhythm Research; William Bechtel -- Information in the Biological Sciences; Alfredo Marcos and Robert Arp -- Systems Biology and Education; Pierre Alain Braillard -- Putting Mendel in His Place: How Curriculum Reform in Genetics and Counterfactual History of Science Can Work Together; Annie Jamieson & Gregory Radick -- Against “Genes For”: Could an Inclusive Concept of Genetic Material Effectively Replace Gene Concepts?; Richard Burian & Kostas Kampourakis -- Current Thinking about Nature and Nurture, David Moore -- Genomics and Society: Why “Discovery” Matters; Lisa Gannett -- Philosophical Issues in Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Research; Andrew Siegel -- Ethics in Biomedical Research and Practice; Anya Plutynski -- Environmental Ethics; Roberta Millstein.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400741928
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 390 p. 131 illus, digital)
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Models and Modeling in Science Education 7
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    DDC: 570.71
    RVK:
    Keywords: Electronic books
    Abstract: This new publication in the Models and Modeling in Science Education series synthesizes a wealth of international research on using multiple representations in biology education and aims for a coherent framework in using them to improve higher-order learning. Addressing a major gap in the literature, the volume proposes a theoretical model for advancing biology educators' notions of how multiple external representations (MERs) such as analogies, metaphors and visualizations can best be harnessed for improving teaching and learning in biology at all pedagogical levels. The content tackles the c
    Description / Table of Contents: Multiple Representations in Biological Education; Foreword; Preface; References; Contents; Contributors; Part I: Role of Multiple Representations in Learning Biology; Chapter 1: Introduction to Multiple Representations: Their Importance in Biology and Biological Education; Seeking a Unifying Theoretical Framework for Learning with Multiple Representations; MERs and Their Pedagogical Functions; Learning with MERs; Functional Taxonomy of Multiple Representations; Costs of Learning with MERs; Dimensions of Multiple External Representations (MERs) for Biological Science; Modes of Representations
    Description / Table of Contents: Levels of RepresentationsDomain Knowledge of Biology; A Theoretical Model for Interpreting Learning with MERs in Biology; Examining and Interpreting the Chapters with the Cube Model; Learning Through Translations Across MERs; Limitations of the Cube Model; Mesocosmic Representations; Anthropocentric or Human-Centered Representations; Systems Representations; Learning New Biology with MERs in the Twenty-First Century; References; Chapter 2: Identifying and Developing Students´ Ability to Reason with Concepts and Representations in Biology; Introduction; Description of the CRM Model
    Description / Table of Contents: Using the CRM Model to Classify Expert Ways of ReasoningUsing the CRM Model to Guide the Assessment and Interpretation of ERs; Using the CRM Model to Analyze Student Difficulties for the Nature and Potential Source of Unsound Reasoning; Reasoning Difficulties with an ER of the Cardiac Cycle; Reasoning Difficulties with Symbolism in Molecular Biology; Reasoning Difficulties with an ER of the Structure of Immunoglobulin G (IgG); Reasoning Difficulties with Metabolic Pathways Occurring in Cells; Application of the CRM Model to the Design of Remediation Strategies; Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 3: Pictures in Biology EducationIntroduction; Pictures in the Continuum of Inscriptions; Pictures in Printed and Online Media; Analysis of Photographs in High School Textbooks; Pictures in Lectures; Social Origin of Picture Content; Scientists Learn to Read Photographic Images; Implications for Biology Curriculum; Appendix: Transcription Conventions; References; Chapter 4: Possible Constraints of Visualization in Biology: Challenges in Learning with Multiple Representations; Introduction; Need for Effective Visualizations in the Biology Domain; Decorations; Diet and Cholesterol
    Description / Table of Contents: Opening Page of Book ChaptersModels; A 3-D Model of Human Anatomy; A 3-D Model of Respiratory System Function; Self-Generated Model of Respiratory System Structure; A Live Ecosystem Model: The Aquarium; Scales; Size Scales; Temporal Scales; Temporal Changes in Structures; Superficial Interpretation of Familiar, Common Representations; Teachers´ Representations on the Classroom Board; Some Final Words; References; Chapter 5: Promoting the Collaborative Use of Cognitive and Metacognitive Skills Through Conceptual Representations in Hypermedia; Introduction; Theoretical Framework
    Description / Table of Contents: Hypermedia as Representational Tools
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9789400751989
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 191 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 34
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Ackert, Lloyd Sergei Vinogradskii and the cycle of life
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    Keywords: Science (General) ; Science History ; Ecology ; Science, general ; Science (General) ; Science History ; Ecology ; Winogradsky, S ; (Serge), 1856-1953 ; Microbiologists ; Ukraine ; Biography ; Winogradsky, Serge 1856-1953 ; Mikrobiologe ; Biografie ; Winogradsky, Serge 1856-1953 ; Mikrobiologe ; Biografie
    Abstract: This is one of those biographies that provide a window onto the broader understanding of science in its social and cultural context. Using Sergei Nikolaevich Vinogradskii's career and scientific research trajectory as a point of entry, this book illustrates the manner in which microbiologists, chemists, botanists, and plant physiologists inscribed the concept of a ""cycle of life"" into their investigations. Their research transformed a longstanding notion into the fundamental approaches and concepts that underlay the new ecological disciplines that emerged in the 1920s. The book presents a re
    Abstract: This is one of those biographies that provide a window onto the broader understanding of science in its social and cultural context. Using Sergei Nikolaevich Vinogradskii’s career and scientific research trajectory as a point of entry, this book illustrates the manner in which microbiologists, chemists, botanists, and plant physiologists inscribed the concept of a “cycle of life” into their investigations. Their research transformed a longstanding notion into the fundamental approaches and concepts that underlay the new ecological disciplines that emerged in the 1920s. The book presents a reconstruction of significant episodes of Vinogradskii’s laboratory practices and the role of theory in their development. It paints the broader picture of the history of ecology, microbiology and soil science and how these are uniquely united: through the concept of the cycle of life.
    Description / Table of Contents: Sergei Vinogradskii and the Cycle of Life; Acknowledgements; Contents; Introduction; Part I: Plant Physiology; Chapter 1: A Synthesis of Thermodynamics and Bioenergetics in Plant Physiology: The Investigation of a Moody Apprentice; The Gentleman Chooses Science; The Cycle of Life in European Science; Chapter 2: The Exchange of Matter and the Transformation of Energy; Famintsyn's Approach to the Cycle of Life; Physiological Debates on the Nature of Microorganisms; The Intellectual Context for Vinogradskii's 1883 Report; Vinogradskii's Style; Part II: Experiment and Natural History
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 3: The Laboratory is Nature: Investigating the Cycle of Life Under the MicroscopeA Comfortable Internship: Anton de Bary's Laboratory at the University of Strassburg; A Brush with German Darwinism: Vinogradskii's Sulphur Spring Expeditions; Species Constancy: Vinogradskii's Physiological Interpretation of the Monomorphism-Pleiomorphism Debate; Chapter 4: Free Nature in the Laboratory; Beggiatoa Nutrition; Vinogradskii's Virtuosity: The Role of Sulphur in Beggiatoa Nutrition; A New Physiological Type; The Reception of Vinogradskii's Research; Part III: Ecology
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 5: Vinogradskii's Transformation from Plant Physiologist to Ecologist, 1890-1920Autotrophism; Nitrification as a Biological Phenomenon; Soil Microbiology at the Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine; Chapter 6: Soil Science and Russian Ecology; Vinogradskii's Contributions; Physiological Ecology; Beketov Without Darwin: Vinogradskii's Concept of the Cycle of Life; Scientific Forestry: Vinogradskii Retires to Gorodok; Part IV: French Agriculture; Chapter 7: The Master of Brie-Compte-Robert and His "Direct Method:" Translating the Cycle of Life into Ecology
    Description / Table of Contents: Vinogradskii Comes to Brie-Comte-Robert: The Resurrection of a CareerThe Direct Method in 1923: Its First Explication; The Direct Method in 1925: The Rise of Soil Microbiology; Chapter 8: Ecological Microbiology; Ecological Microbiology in 1925; The Direct Method in the Late 1920s; The Direct Method and Microflora in the Early 1930s; Part V: The Impact of Vinogradskii's Work; Chapter 9: Science is Ecological and Ecology is Scientific: The Uptake of Vinogradskii's Direct Methods; The "Cycle of Life" at the Rutgers Agricultural Experiment Station; A "Holistic Habit of Mind"40
    Description / Table of Contents: Statistical Soil Science: Rothamsted Agricultural Experiment StationIn Beijerinck's Backyard: The Delft School of Microbiology; Chapter 10: Vinogradskii's Reception in Russian and Soviet Microbiology; Vinogradskii's First Student, V. L. Omelianskii: Microbes as "Living Reactives"; Nikolai Kholodnyi: Iron Bacteria Research and Vinogradskii's Direct Method; The Role of Microbes in Russian and Soviet Soil Science; Ecological Microbiology in the Soviet Union; Chapter 11: Conclusions; Bibliography; Manuscripts Collections Visited; General Sources; Vinogradskii's Publications Cited; Index
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  • 9
    Online Resource
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    Dordrecht : Springer
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    ISBN: 9789400755833
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXV, 645 p. 133 illus) , digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2013 Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Law, Governance and Technology Series 8
    Parallel Title: Print version Agreement Technologies
    DDC: 006.3
    RVK:
    Keywords: Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Social sciences Data processing ; Datenverarbeitung ; Künstliche Intelligenz
    Abstract: More and more transactions, whether in business or related to leisure activities, are mediated automatically by computers and computer networks, and this trend is having a significant impact on the conception and design of new computer applications. The next generation of these applications will be based on software agents to which increasingly complex tasks can be delegated, and which interact with each other in sophisticated ways so as to forge agreements in the interest of their human users. The wide variety of technologies supporting this vision is the subject of this volume. It summarises the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action project on Agreement Technologies (AT), during which approximately 200 researchers from 25 European countries, along with eight institutions from non-COST countries, cooperated as part of a number of working groups. The book is the first to provide a comprehensive overview of the emerging field of Agreement Technologies, written and coordinated by the leading researchers in the field. The results set out here are due for wide dissemination beyond the computing sector, involving law and social science as well.
    Description / Table of Contents: pt. I. Foundations -- pt. II. Semantics in agreement technologies -- pt. III. Norms -- pt. IV. Organisations and institutions -- pt. V. Argumentation and negotiation -- pt. VI. Trust and reputation -- pt. VII. Applications.
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgement -- Part I Foundations -- 1 Agreement Technologies: A Computing perspective; Sascha Ossowski, Carles Sierra and Vicente Botti -- 2 Agreement and Relational Justice: A Perspective from Philosophy and Sociology of Law; Pompeu Casanovas -- 3 Agreements as the Grease (not the Glue) of Society: A Cognitive and Social Science Perspective; Fabio Paglieri -- Part II Semantics in Agreement Technologies -- 4 Agreement Technologies and the Semantic Web; Axel Polleres -- 5 Logical formalisms for Agreement Technologies; Antoine Zimmermann -- 6 Reconciling heterogeneous knowledge with ontology matching; Cássia Trojahn and George Vouros -- 7 Semantics in Multi-Agent Systems; Nicoletta Fornara, Gordan Ježi´c, Mario Kušek, Ignac Lovrek, Vedran Podobnik, Krunoslav Tržec -- 8 SemanticWeb Services in Agreement Technologies; Zijie Cong and Alberto Fernández -- 9 Using ontologies to manage resources in Grid computing-practical aspects; Michał Drozdowicz, Maria Ganzha, Katarzyna Wasielewska, MarcinPaprzycki and Paweł Szmeja -- Part III Norms -- 10 Deontic logic; Jan Broersen, Dov Gabbay, Andreas Herzig, Emiliano Lorini, John-Jules Meyer, Xavier Parent and Leendert van der Torre -- 11 (Social) Norms and Agent-Based Simulation; Giulia Andrighetto, Stephen Cranefield, Rosaria Conte, Martin Purvis, Maryam Purvis, Bastin Tony Roy Savarimuthu and Daniel Villatoro -- 12 Norms in Game Theory; Davide Grossi, Luca Tummolini and Paolo Turrini -- 13 AI and Law; Giovanni Sartor and Antonino Rotolo -- 14 Normative Agents; Michael Luck, Samhar Mahmoud, Felipe Meneguzzi, Martin Kollingbaum, Timothy J. Norman, Natalia Criado and Moser SilvaFagundes -- 15 Norms and Trust; Rino Falcone, Cristiano Castelfranchi, Henrique Lopes Cardoso, Andrew Jones and Eugénio Oliveira -- 16 Norms and Argumentation; Nir Oren, Antonino Rotolo, Leendert van der Torre and Serena Villata -- Part IV Organisations and Institutions -- 17 Describing agent organisations; Estefanía Argente, Olivier Boissier, Sergio Esparcia, Jana Görmer, Kristi Kirikal and Kuldar Taveter -- 18 Modelling Agent Institutions; Nicoletta Fornara, Henrique Lopes Cardoso, Pablo Noriega, Eugénio Oliveira and Charalampos Tampitsikas -- 19 Organisational Reasoning Agents; Olivier Boissier and M. Birna van Riemsdijk -- 20 Adaptive Agent Organisations; Estefanía Argente, Holger Billhardt, Carlos Cuesta, Sergio Esparcia, Jana Görmer, Ramón Hermoso, Kristi Kirikal, Marin Lujak, José-Santiago Pérez-Sotelo and Kuldar Taveter --  Part V Argumentation and Negotiation -- 21 The Added Value of Argumentation; Sanjay Modgil, Francesca Toni, Floris Bex, Ivan Bratko, Carlos I. Chesñevar, Wolfgang Dvoˇrák, Marcelo A. Falappa, Xiuyi Fan, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Alejandro J. García, María P. González, Thomas F. Gordon, João Leite, Martin Možina, Chris Reed, Guillermo R. Simari, Stefan Szeider, Paolo Torroni and Stefan Woltran --  22 Trends in Multiagent Negotiation: from Bilateral Bargaining to Consensus Policies; Enrique de la Hoz, Miguel A. López-Carmona and Iván Marsá-Maestre -- Part VI Trust and Reputation -- 23 A Socio-Cognitive Perspective of Trust; Joana Urbano, Ana Paula Rocha and Eugénio Oliveira -- 24 Qualitative Assessment Dynamics - QAD; Denis Trˇcek -- 25 Argumentation and Trust; Andrew Koster, Jordi Sabater-Mir and Marco Schorlemmer -- 26 Ontology, Semantics and Reputation; Andrew Koster and Jeff Z. Pan -- 27 Attacks and Vulnerabilities of Trust and Reputation Models; Jose M. Such -- 28 Reputation and Organisations; Olivier Boissier, Jomi Fred Hübner and Laurent Vercouter -- 29 Building Relationships with Trust; Carles Sierra and John Debenham -- Part VII Applications -- 30 Arguing to Support Customers: the Call Centre Study Case; Stella Heras, Jaume Jordán, Vicente Botti and Vicente Julián -- 31 Agreement Technologies for Supporting the Planning and Execution of Transports; Paul Davidsson, Marie Gustafsson Friberger, Johan Holmgren, Andreas Jacobsson and Jan A. Persson -- 32 ANTE: Agreement Negotiation in Normative and Trust-enabled Environments; Henrique Lopes Cardoso, Joana Urbano, Ana Paula Rocha, António J. M. Castro and Eugénio Oliveira -- 33 mWater, a Case Study for Modeling Virtual Markets; Antonio Garrido, Adriana Giret, Vicente Botti and Pablo Noriega -- 34 v-mWater: an e-Government Application for Water Rights Agreements; Pablo Almajano, Tomas Trescak, Marc Esteva, Inmaculada Rodríguez and Maite López-Sánchez -- 35 Coordinating Emergency Medical Assistance; Marin Lujak and Holger Billhardt -- 36 An environment to build and track agent-based business collaborations; Toni Penya-Alba, Boris Mikhaylov, Marc Pujol-González, Bruno Rosell, Jesús Cerquides, Juan A. Rodríguez-Aguilar, Marc Esteva, Àngela Fàbregues, Jordi Madrenas, Carles Sierra, Carlos Carrascosa, Vicente Julián, Mario Rodrigo and Matteo Vasirani -- 37 A Virtual Selling Agent which is Persuasive and Adaptive; Fabien Delecroix, Maxime Morge and Jean-Christophe Routier -- A Editors’ Short Bios. .
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  • 10
    ISBN: 9789400724457
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 377 p. 5 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences 2
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Vitalism and the scientific image in Post-Enlightenment life science, 1800-2010
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Biology Philosophy ; Medicine ; Biological models ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Biology Philosophy ; Medicine ; Biological models ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Vitalismus ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Geschichte 1800-2010
    Abstract: Vitalism is understood as impacting the history of the life sciences, medicine and philosophy, representing an epistemological challenge to the dominance of mechanism over the last 200 years, and partly revived with organicism in early theoretical biology. The contributions in this volume portray the history of vitalism from the end of the Enlightenment to the modern day, suggesting some reassessment of what it means both historically and conceptually. As such it includes a wide range of material, employing both historical and philosophical methodologies, and it is divided fairly evenly between 19th and 20th century historical treatments and more contemporary analysis. This volume presents a significant contribution to the current literature in the history and philosophy of science and the history of medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents; Chapter 1: V italism and the Scientific Image: An Introduction; 1 Vitalism: Origin, History, and Transformation; 2 Final Thoughts; References; Part I: Revisiting Vitalist Themes in Nineteenth-Century Science; Chapter 2: Jean-Baptiste Lamarck and the Place of Irritability in the History of Life and Death; 1 The History of Life and Death; 2 A "Flood of Light": The Notion of Intussusception in Lamarck's Account of Organic Change; 3 Irritability in Lamarck's Theory of the Animal Being; 4 The Interplay of Life and Nature in Lamarck's Work
    Description / Table of Contents: 5 Irritability and Evolution in Lamarck's System of NatureReferences; Chapter 3: Rethinking Organic Vitality in Germany at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century; 1 Introduction; 2 Vital Principles and a Science of Life; 3 Investigating the Material Conditions of Organic Vitality; 4 New Conceptions of Organic Vitality; References; Chapter 4: The "Novel of Medicine"; 1 The Physiological Obsession; 2 The Life of the Social Body; 3 The Body of Thought; 4 The Style of Physiology; 5 Romances of Physiology; References; Chapter 5: Life and the Mind in Nineteenth-Century Britain; 1 Introduction
    Description / Table of Contents: 2 Phrenology: George Combe Versus William Hamilton3 Reflex Action: Marshall Hall Versus the World; 4 Cerebral Reflex Function: Thomas Laycock Versus "Vindex"; 5 Conclusion; References; Part II: Twentieth-Century Debates on Vitalism in Science and Philosophy; Chapter 6: Vitalism Versus Emergent Materialism; 1 Introduction; 2 Amnesia Versus Evolution; 3 Emergentism Cures Vitalism; 4 Hans Driesch's Vitalism; 5 Teleology and Mechanism; 6 How Does Entelechy Work?; 7 Some Responses to Driesch's Vitalism; 8 The Emergentists; 9 J. Arthur Thomson on the Autonomy of Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: 10 Arthur Lovejoy on the Disunity of Science11 Jennings on Downward Causation; 12 Conclusions; References; Chapter 7: Life as an Emergent Phenomenon: From an Alternative to Vitalism to an Alternative to Reductionism; 1 Introduction; 2 Life as an Emergent Phenomenon: A Nineteenth-Century Legacy; 3 Emergence as an Alternative to Vitalism and Mechanism; 4 Scientific Setbacks to Emergence; 5 Philosophical Setbacks to Emergence; 6 The Special Sciences and the Criticism of Logical Empiricism Regarding the Rescue of "Emergence"
    Description / Table of Contents: 7 Unexpected Support from the Physical Sciences: Complex-Systems Studies and Artificial Life8 The Re-emergence of Emergence in the Life Sciences; 9 Emergence, Life and the Origin of Life; 10 Conclusion; References; Chapter 8: Wilhelm Reich: Vitalism and Its Discontents; 1 Reich and the History of Vitalism; 2 Orgone Energy: A "Vital Force"?; 3 Reich, Revolution and Politics; 4 Reich, the Counter-Culture and the Popular Consciousness; 5 Conclusion; References; Chapter 9: Vitalism and Teleology in Kurt Goldstein's Organismic Approach; 1 Introduction
    Description / Table of Contents: 2 Goldstein's Organicism at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400748637 , 1283698080 , 9781283698085
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 214 p. 12 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Patrick, Patricia G. Zoo talk
    RVK:
    Keywords: Science Study and teaching ; Education ; Education ; Science Study and teaching
    Abstract: Founded on the premise that zoos are 'bilingual'--that the zoo, in the shape of its staff and exhibits, and its visitors speak distinct languages--this enlightening analysis of the informal learning that occurs in zoos examines the 'speech' of exhibits and staff as well as the discourse of visitors beginning in the earliest years. Using real-life conversations among visitors as a basis for discussion, the authors interrogate children's responses to the exhibits and by doing so develop an 'informal learning model' and a 'zoo knowledge model' that prompts suggestions for activities that classroom educators can use before, during, and after a zoo visit. Their analysis of the 'visitor voice' informs creative suggestions for how to enhance the educational experiences of young patrons. By assessing visitors' entry knowledge and their interpretations of the exhibits, the authors establish a baseline for zoos that helps them to refine their communication with visitors, for example in expanding knowledge of issues concerning biodiversity and biological conservation. The book includes practical advice for zoo and classroom educators about positive ways to prepare for zoo visits, engaging activities during visits, and follow-up work that maximizes the pedagogical benefits. It also reflects on the interplay between the developing role of zoos as facilitators of learning, and the ways in which zoos help visitors assimilate the knowledge on offer. In addition to being essential reading for educators in zoos and in the classroom, this volume is full of insights with much broader contextual relevance for getting the most out of museum visits and field trips in general
    Abstract: Founded on the premise that zoos are bilingualthat the zoo, in the shape of its staff and exhibits, and its visitors speak distinct languagesthis enlightening analysis of the informal learning that occurs in zoos examines the speech of exhibits and staff as well as the discourse of visitors beginning in the earliest years. Using real-life conversations among visitors as a basis for discussion, the authors interrogate childrens responses to the exhibits and by doing so develop an informal learning model and a zoo knowledge model that prompts suggestions for activities that classroom educators can use before, during, and after a zoo visit.Their analysis of the visitor voice informs creative suggestions for how to enhance the educational experiences of young patrons. By assessing visitors entry knowledge and their interpretations of the exhibits, the authors establish a baseline for zoos that helps them to refine their communication with visitors, for example in expanding knowledge of issues concerning biodiversity and biological conservation. The book includes practical advice for zoo and classroom educators about positive ways to prepare for zoo visits, engaging activities during visits, and follow-up work that maximizes the pedagogical benefits. It also reflects on the interplay between the developing role of zoos as facilitators of learning, and the ways in which zoos help visitors assimilate the knowledge on offer. In addition to being essential reading for educators in zoos and in the classroom, this volume is full of insights with much broader contextual relevance for getting the most out of museum visits and field trips in general.
    Description / Table of Contents: Zoo Talk; Contents; Chapter 1: Introduction; References; Chapter 2: A History of Animal Collections; The Beginning of Menageries and Zoos; Zoos in the United States of America; The Evolution of Zoo Design; Zoo Education; The Zoo Voice Today; References; Chapter 3: Rationale for the Existence of Zoos; Education; Conservation; Recreation or Entertainment; Facilities; Research; Culture and Society; The Future; References; Chapter 4: Visitors' Knowledge of Zoos; The Zoo Visitor and Their Reasons for Visiting the Zoo; The Visitor's Perceptions of Nature; The Importance of Mental Models
    Description / Table of Contents: Understandings People Have of ZoosReferences; Chapter 5: Exhibit Design; Exhibits; Labels; Animals as Exhibits and Topics of Conversation; Experiential Space in Exhibits; References; Chapter 6: Talking About Animals; Taxonomy and the Term Animal; Identifying Animals; Animal Behavior and Anatomy; Attitudes, Emotional Connections, and Culture; References; Chapter 7: Visitor Voice; Form, Function, and Categories of Conversations; Discourse in the Exhibit; Using Grounded Theory to Analyze Conversations; Understanding Terminology; References; Chapter 8: School and Family Groups' Conversations
    Description / Table of Contents: Family GroupsSchool Groups; Talking Science; References; Chapter 9: The Zoo Voice: Zoo Education and Learning; Why Visit Zoos?; Prior Knowledge and Learning; Zoo Education; References; Chapter 10: Information Educators Need to Know About Zoo Field Trips (Useful Field Trip Information); Analyzing Discourse; Exhibit Learning Cycle; Increasing Communication During the Interpretation Stage; More Ideas; Nature Tables; Physical Science and Hands-On Activities Pre-visit; Patterns of Animal Anatomy; Hands-On Activities Pre-visit; Zoo Kits; DNA Fingerprinting; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 11: Zoo Field Trip DesignRationale for Visiting the Zoo: Animals; Rationale for Visiting the Zoo: Educational; Learning During a Zoo Field Trip; Characteristics of Successful Field Trips; Cognitive: Pre-visit Activities; Cognitive: During-Visit Activities; Cognitive: Post-visit Activities; Suggested Activities; Procedural: Facility Staff; Procedural: Advanced Organizers; Social: Student Groups; Social: Control of Visit and Learning; Teacher Training and Chaperone Preparation; References; Chapter 12: Conclusions; Index;
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400745636
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XX, 379 p. 46 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Cultural Studies of Science Education 8
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Science education for diversity
    RVK:
    Keywords: Science Study and teaching ; Religion and education ; Education ; Education ; Science Study and teaching ; Religion and education ; Pädagogische Soziologie
    Abstract: Reflecting the very latest theory on diversity issues in science education, including new dialogic approaches, this volume explores the subject from a range of perspectives and draws on studies from around the world. The work discusses fundamental topics such as how we conceptualize diversity as well as examining the ways in which heterogeneous cultural constructs influence the teaching and learning of science in a range of contexts. Including numerous strategies ready for adoption by interested teachers, the book addresses the varied cultural factors that influence engagement with science education. It seeks answers to the question of why increasing numbers of students fail to connect with science education in schools and looks at the more subtle impact that students’ individually constructed identities have on the teaching and learning of science. Recognizing the diversity of its audience, the book covers differing levels and science subjects, and examines material from a range of viewpoints that include pedagogy, curricula, teacher education, learning, gender, religion, and ICT, as well as those of in-service and trainee teachers at all levels
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents; Why Science Education for Diversity?; Introduction; What Do We Mean by Diversity?; Social and Historical Context; Cultural Diversity and Science Education; Sociocultural and Dialogic Perspectives; Tensions and Dilemmas; Argument and Structure of This Book; References; Part I: Science Education Reform for Diversity; Dialogic Science Education for Diversity; Introduction: The Science Education for Diversity Project; What Is Science?; Monologic, Dialogic and Diversity; How Do We Conceptualise Diversity?; Developing a Framework for Science Education for Diversity
    Description / Table of Contents: How Do We Make Science Education More Relevant?Will Inquiry-Based Science Education (IBSE) Help?; Explicitly Dialogic Pedagogy; Connecting to Real Science; Mastery Learning Combined with Dialogic Science Pedagogy; Teaching the Nature of Science; Teaching Thinking in Science and Through Science; The Role of ICT; The Need for Guided Collaborative Critical Reflection on Action; Summary and Conclusion; References; Expanding Notions of Scientific Literacy: A Reconceptualization of Aims of Science Education in the Knowledge Society
    Description / Table of Contents: The "Two Cultures" and the Need for a Broader Notion of Scientific LiteracyScientific Literacy Reconceptualized; Science Engagement Curriculum Policy Images; Science and the Public: An Online Graduate Program; The Inconvenient Truth: A Documentary on Global Warming; Oceanside Community Science Project (Roth and Lee 2004; Roth and Calabrese 2004); Conclusions; References; Activity, Subjectification, and Personality: Science Education from a Diversity-of-Life Perspective; Cultural-Historical Activity Theory; Activity and Actions; Subjectification; Personality; On the Way to Become a Doctor
    Description / Table of Contents: Early Activities and RelationsHigh School Science; Science Internship; College Science; Resident Care Assistant; Coda; References; Reflexivity and Diversity in Science Education Research in Europe: Towards Cultural Perspectives; Introduction; Cultural Studies and Issues of Diversity in Science Education; The State of the Art of Cultural Studies of Science Education in Europe; Reflexivity: Theoretical Barriers and Horizons; Towards Cultural Studies as a Unifying Research Paradigm; References; Part II: From Learning to Pedagogy; Science Education for Diversity and Informal Learning
    Description / Table of Contents: Importance of Informal Environments for Learning ScienceKey Features of Science Learning in Informal Environments; Activation of Prior Knowledge; Acknowledging and Valuing Multiple Perspectives; Sociocultural Frameworks for Informal Science Learning; Sociocultural Approach with Individual Science Learning Goals: Social Constructivism; Sociocultural Approach with Community Learning Goals: Collective Praxis; The Practice of Informal Science Education for Diversity; Examples of the Impact of Exhibit Design on Collaborative Talk; Involving Diverse Groups in Development of Programs and Exhibits
    Description / Table of Contents: Step 1
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Why science education for diversity? Nasser Mansour and Rupert Wegerif -- Part 1. Science education reform for diversity -- Chapter 1: Dialogic Science Education for Diversity, Rupert Wegerif, Keith Postlethwaite, Nigel Skinner, Nasser Mansour, Alun Morgan, Lindsay Hetherington -- Chapter2: Expanding Notions of Scientific Literacy: A Re-conceptualization of Aims of Science Education in the Knowledge Society, Xiufeng Liu -- Chapter3: Activity, Subjectification, and Personality: Science Education from a Diversity-of-Life Perspective, Wolff-Michael Roth, University of Victoria -- Chapter 4: Reflexivity and diversity in research on science education: A European account, Michiel van Eijck -- Part 2, from learning to pedagogy -- Chapter 5: Science education for diversity and informal learning, Loran E. Parker and Gerald H. Krockover -- Chapter 6: Diverse, disengaged and reactive: A teacher’s adaptation of ethical dilemma story pedagogy as a strategy to re-engage learners in education for sustainability,  Elisabeth Taylor, Peter Charles Taylor and MeiLing Chow -- Chapter 7: Tracing science in the early childhood classroom: the historicity of multi-resourced discourse practices in multilingual interaction, Charles Max, Gudrun Ziegler and Martin Kracheel -- Chapter 8: Conceptual frameworks, metaphysical commitments and worldviews: the challenge of reflecting the relationships between science and religion in science education, Keith S. Taber -- Chapter 9: Science Curriculum Reform on “Scientific Literacy for All” across National Contexts: Case Studies of Curricula from England and Hong Kong, Sibel Erduran and Siu Ling Wong -- Part 3 science teacher Education and diversity -- Chapter 10: Science teachers' cultural beliefs and diversities: A sociocultural perspective to science education, Nasser Mansour -- Chapter 11: Envisioning Science Teacher Preparation for Diversity in 21st Century Classrooms: Some Tensions, Norm Thomson, Deborah J. Tippins -- Chapter12: Expanded agency in multilingual science teacher training classrooms, Silvia Lizette Ramos De Robles & Mariona Espinet -- Part 4  Cultural issues in science Education -- Chapter 13: Re-conceptualizing a lifelong science education system that supports diversity: The role of free-choice learning, Lynn D. Dierking -- Chapter 14: Ignoring half the Sky: A feminist critique of science education’s knowledge society, Kathryn Scantlebury, Anita Hussénius, Kristina Andersson and Annica Gullberg -- Chapter 15: Religion in Science Education, Michael J. Reiss -- Chapter 16: Students’ perceptions of apparent contradictions between science and religion: Creation is only the beginning, Berry Billingsley -- Chapter 17: Gender and science in the Arab states: Current status and future prospects, Saouma BouJaoude & Ghada Gholam.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400765641
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXV, 200 p. 22 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Law, Governance and Technology Series 10
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Pagallo, Ugo The laws of robots
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ethics ; Artificial intelligence ; Computers Law and legislation ; Civil law ; Criminal Law ; Law ; Law ; Ethics ; Artificial intelligence ; Computers Law and legislation ; Civil law ; Criminal Law ; Computer ; Privatrecht ; Strafrecht ; Roboter ; Recht
    Abstract: This book explores how the design, construction, and use of robotics technology may affect today’s legal systems and, more particularly, matters of responsibility and agency in criminal law, contractual obligations, and torts. By distinguishing between the behaviour of robots as tools of human interaction, and robots as proper agents in the legal arena, jurists will have to address a new generation of “hard cases.” General disagreement may concern immunity in criminal law (e.g., the employment of robot soldiers in battle), personal accountability for certain robots in contracts (e.g., robo-traders), much as clauses of strict liability and negligence-based responsibility in extra-contractual obligations (e.g., service robots in tort law). Since robots are here to stay, the aim of the law should be to wisely govern our mutual relationships
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Acknowledgments; Contents; List of Figures; List of Tables; Chapter 1: Introduction; Chapter 2: On Law, Philosophy and Technology; 2.1 The Philosophy of Law and Robots; 2.1.1 The Law in Literature; 2.1.2 Sources, Concepts, and Legal Reasoning; 2.1.3 The Levels of Abstraction; 2.2 The Principle of Responsibility; 2.2.1 Immunity; 2.2.2 Strict Liability; 2.2.3 Personal Fault; 2.2.4 Responsibility for a Robot; 2.3 Agency and Accountability of Artificial Agents; 2.3.1 A Moral Threshold; 2.3.2 Agents Before the Law; 2.4 Who Pays?; Chapter 3: Crimes; 3.1 Sci-Fi Scenarios
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2 The States of Mind and Criminal Acts3.3 Robots and Just Wars; 3.3.1 What Robots Might Change; 3.3.2 Just Causes of War; 3.3.3 Conditions of Just Wars; 3.3.4 Proportionality; 3.4 The Phenomenology of Picciotto Roboto; 3.4.1 Picciotto by Design; 3.4.2 Crimes of Intent; 3.4.3 Crimes of Negligence; 3.5 A Failure of Causation?; Chapter 4: Contracts; 4.1 Pacts, Clauses and Risk; 4.2 The Artificial Doctor; 4.2.1 Parties, Counterparties and Third Parties; 4.2.2 Producers, Users and Patients; 4.3 Robo-Traders; 4.3.1 Artificial Greediness; 4.3.2 The Robot and the Principal
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.3.3 A New Agent in Town4.4 Modern Robots, Ancient Slaves; 4.4.1 The Digital Peculium; 4.5 The UV Revolution; 4.5.1 AI Chauffeurs and Intelligent Car Sharing; 4.5.2 Unjust Damages; Chapter 5: Torts; 5.1 Bad Intentions; 5.2 Children, Pets and Negligence; 5.2.1 American Parents; 5.2.2 Italian Parents; 5.3 AI Employees and Strict Liability Rules; 5.3.1 The Digital Peculium Revisited; 5.4 Burdens of Proof; 5.4.1 The Precautionary Principle; 5.4.2 Robotic Openness; Chapter 6: Law as Meta-technology; 6.1 Robots as Legal Persons; 6.1.1 The Front of Robotic Liberation; 6.1.2 The Pragmatic Stance
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.2 Robots as Strict Agents6.3 Sources of Good and Evil; 6.4 Levels of Complexity; 6.4.1 Technologies of Social Control; 6.4.2 The Political Requirement; Conclusions; References
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9783642135064
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (390 p.)
    Series Statement: X.media.press
    Series Statement: X. media. press Ser.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Heinecke, Andreas M. Mensch-Computer-Interaktion
    DDC: 302.23/1
    RVK:
    Keywords: Human-computer interaction ; Electronic books ; Electronic books ; Mensch-Maschine-Kommunikation ; Softwareergonomie ; Informationsverarbeitung ; Faktor Mensch ; Benutzerfreundlichkeit ; Benutzerführung ; Benutzeroberfläche ; Multimedia ; Mensch-Maschine-Kommunikation ; Softwareergonomie ; Informationsverarbeitung ; Faktor Mensch ; Benutzerfreundlichkeit ; Benutzerführung ; Benutzeroberfläche ; Multimedia ; Dialogsystem
    Abstract: Jeder hat schon die Erfahrung gemacht, dass Webseiten nicht lesbar sind oder Programme unverst ndliche Meldungen hervorbringen. Kurz: Die Software ist nicht gebrauchstauglich. Ausgehend von der menschlichen Informationsverarbeitung legt der Autor dar, wie Schnittstellen beschaffen sein m ssen und wie bei der Entwicklung vorgegangen werden muss, damit die Software gebrauchstauglich wird. Dabei werden neueste Normen und Vorschriften ber cksichtigt. Die begleitende Website bietet weitere Beispiele und bungsaufgaben, L sungen und weiterf hrende Links
    Description / Table of Contents: Motivation; Inhaltsverzeichnis; 1 Begriffe und Modelle; Lernziele; Voruberlegungen; 1.1 Geschichtliche Entwicklung der Rechnerbenutzung; 1.1.1 Erste Rechneranwendungen; 1.1.2 Erste interaktive Systeme; 1.1.3 Fernschreiber und Kommandos; 1.1.4 Alphanumerische Bildschirme, Masken und Menüs; 1.1.5 Semigrafik und Positioniergeräte; 1.1.6 Vollgrafik und direkte Manipulation; 1.1.7 Audioverarbeitung und Spracheingabe; 1.1.8 Videoverarbeitung und Gestik; 1.1.9 Virtuelle Umgebungen und Augmented Reality; 1.2 Medien bei der Rechnerbenutzung; 1.2.1 Einteilung der Medien zur Interaktion
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.2.1.1 Diskrete und kontinuierliche Medien1.2.1.2 Gliederung der Medien nach Perzeption; 1.2.1.3 Gliederung nach Präsentation; 1.2.1.4 Gliederung nach Speicherung; 1.2.1.5 Gliederung nach Übertragung; 1.2.1.6 Gliederung nach Repräsentation; 1.2.2 Multimedia; 1.2.3 Hypertext; 1.2.4 Hypermedia; 1.3 Modelle der Mensch-Computer-Interaktion; 1.3.1 Benutzungsschnittstelle; 1.3.2 Benutzung im Kontext; Nachbereitung; 1.4 Ubungsaufgaben; 2 Software-Ergonomie; Lernziele; Voruberlegungen; 2.1 Gestaltung von Mensch-Rechner-Systemen; 2.1.1 Gestaltungsziele; 2.1.1.1 Ergonomische Gestaltung
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1.1.2 Belastung und Beanspruchung2.1.1.3 Ziele menschengerechter Gestaltung; 2.1.1.4 Gebrauchstauglichkeit (Usability); 2.1.1.5 Benutzererlebnis (User Experience); 2.1.2 Gestaltungsebenen; 2.2 Rechtliche Anforderungen; 2.2.1 Bildschirmrichtlinie und Bildschirmarbeitsverordnung; 2.2.2 Barrierefreie Informationstechnik-Verordnung (BITV); 2.3 Software-Ergonomie als interdisziplinares Gebiet; 2.3.1 Beteiligte Wissenschaftsgebiete; 2.3.2 Arbeitsweisen der Software-Ergonomie; 2.3.3 Stand des Wissens; Nachbereitung; 2.4 Ubungsaufgaben; 3 Physiologie der menschlichen Informationsverarbeitung
    Description / Table of Contents: LernzieleVoruberlegungen; 3.1 Modelle menschlicher Informationsverarbeitung; 3.1.1 Der Mensch als informationsverarbeitendes System; 3.1.2 Das Rasmussen-Modell; 3.2 Reizubertragung und Speicherung; 3.2.1 Verarbeitung von Sinnesreizen; Reizweiterleitung in Nerven; Nervennetze; 3.2.2 Gedachtnis und Prozessoren; Prozessoren; Kurzzeitspeicher; Langzeitspeicher; 3.3 Sinne des Menschen; 3.3.1 Visuelles System; Aufbau und Funktion des Auges; Gesichtsfeld und Augenbewegungen; Flimmern; 3.3.2 Auditives System; 3.3.3 Haptik; Tastsinn; Wärmeempfinden; Kinasthese; Gleichgewichtssinn
    Description / Table of Contents: Schatten
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.3.4 Weitere Sinne und ihre Relevanz fur die MCIGeruchssinn; Geschmackssinn; Nachbereitung; 3.4 Ubungsaufgaben; 4 Psychologie der menschlichen Informationsverarbeitung; Lernziele; Voruberlegungen; 4.1 Psychologie der visuellen Wahrnehmung; 4.1.1 Gestaltgesetze; Gesetz der Nähe; Gesetz der Gleichartigkeit; Zusammenwirken von Gestaltgesetzen: Nähe und Gleichheit; Gesetz der guten Fortsetzung; Zusammenwirken von Gestaltgesetzen: Gute Fortsetzung und Gleichheit; Gesetz der Schließung; Prinzip der guten Gestalt; 4.1.2 Tiefenwahrnehmung; Stereoskopisches Sehen; Statische Perspektive; Verdeckung
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9783642215209
    Language: English
    Edition: Online-Ausg. [S.l.] eblib Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: EBL-Schweitzer
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Privacy online
    DDC: 303.4834
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Computer networks -- Security measures ; Electronic commerce -- Security measures ; Internet -- Security measures ; Datensicherung ; Internet ; Electronic books ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Soziale Software ; Selbstdarstellung ; Öffentlichkeit ; Privatheit ; Selbstöffnung ; Soziales Netzwerk ; Social Media ; Datensicherung
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    URL: Cover
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9783642114960 , 3642114962 , 9783642114977 , 9781282981102
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxi, 85 p.)
    Series Statement: Information science and knowledge management v. 16
    DDC: 153
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    Keywords: Information behavior ; Behavior evolution ; Human information processing ; Cognition and culture ; Human evolution ; Information retrieval ; Kognitive Entwicklung ; Information ; Wissensorganisation ; Anthropologie ; Information ; Wissensorganisation ; Kognitive Entwicklung ; Anthropologie
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9781402066627
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (319 Seiten)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: The International Library of Ethics, Law and Technology 1
    Series Statement: The international library of ethics, law and technology
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    Keywords: Computer science ; Information systems ; Computers Law and legislation ; Economics
    Abstract: Aims to warn policy-makers, industry, academia, civil society organisations, the media and the public about the threats and vulnerabilities facing our privacy, identity, trust, security and inclusion in the rapidly approaching world of ambient intelligence (AmI)
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Introduction; The brave new world of ambient intelligence; Dark scenarios; Threats and vulnerabilities; Safeguards; Recommendations for stakeholders; Conclusions; Back Matter;
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 273-286) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402052187
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: International Library of Ethics, Law, and the New Medicine 34
    Series Statement: International library of ethics, law, and the new medicine
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Hashiloni-Dolev, Yael A life (un)worthy of living
    DDC: 362.1983200943
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    Keywords: Ethics ; Reproductive Medicine ; Human genetics ; Sociology ; Philosophy (General) ; Reproductive Techniques ; Genetic Screening ; Genetic Screening ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Reproductive Techniques ; Israel ; Humangenetik ; Reproduktionsmedizin ; Ethik ; Deutschland ; Humangenetik ; Reproduktionsmedizin ; Ethik
    Abstract: This book presents the findings of a study into the social shaping of reproductive genetics in Germany and Israel. The study reveals dramatic differences between German and Israeli societies in addressing the question of a life (un)worthy of living. A close analysis of the ways that these two societies handle the balance between the quality and sanctity of life illuminates controversies over reproductive genetics in an original and provocative way.
    Abstract: Based on a variety of empirical materials the study reveals dramatic differences between the way that the German and Israeli societies address the question of a life (un)worthy of living: while in Germany, social, cultural, religious and legal conditions restrict the selection of embryos based on prenatal diagnosis, in Israel they strongly encourage it. A close comparative analysis of the ways that these two societies handle the delicate balance between the quality and sanctity of life illuminates the controversy around reproductive genetics in an original and provocative way. The study is also innovative in its use of contemporary social theory concerning the politics of life in comprehending the differences between two societies positioned at opposite extremes in their adoption of reproductive genetics. It thus offers an original cross-cultural discussion concerning present-day techno-medical manipulations of life itself.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Theoretical Background; Methodology; Getting to Know the Field of Reproductive Genetics in Israel and Germany; Genetic Counselors' Moral Practices; Abortions on Embryopathic Grounds: Policy and Practice in Israel and Germany; Sex Chromosome Anomalies (SCAs) in Israel and Germany: Assessing "Birth Defects" and edical Risks According to the Importance of Fertility*; "Wrongful Life", in the eyes of the law, the counselors and the disabled; The Conflicts Between Individuals, Families and Society, as Well as Between Different Family Members, Embodied in Reproductive Genetics
    Description / Table of Contents: Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 177-191) and index , Revision of the author's thesis (Ph. D.)--Tel Aviv University, 2005 , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9781402063541
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library 153
    DDC: 501
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    Keywords: Metaphysics ; Science Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Naturwissenschaften ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Philosophie ; Wissenschaftlicher Fortschritt
    Abstract: Answers questions raised by the incommensurability thesis. This book provides a conception of science in which scientific progress is based on both rational and empirical considerations
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; The Deductive Model; The Basis Of The Logical Empiricist Conception Of Science; The Basis Of The Popperian Conception Of Science; The Logical Empiricist Conception Of Scientific Progress; The Popperian Conception Of Scientific Progress; Popper, Lakatos, And The Transcendence Of The Deductive Model; Kuhn, Feyerabend, And In Commensurability; The Gestalt Model; The Perspectivist Conception Of Science; Development Of The Perspectivist Conception In The Context Of The Kinetic Theory Of Gases; The Set-Theoretic Conception Of Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Application Of The Perspectivist Conception To The Views Of Newton, Kepler And GalileoBack Matter;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402058226
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: The international library of environmental, agricultural and food ethics Vol. 11
    DDC: 174.957286
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    Keywords: Genomics ; Intellectual property
    Abstract: This volume explores the legal, economic and political debate over intellectual property rights for traditional knowledge and genetic resources, analyzing theory and practice of access and benefits sharing around the world. The book investigates current flashpoints - the battle between Monsanto and Percy Schmeiser over farmers' rights; disputes over coexistence of genetically modified and organic produce; and ownership and control of human genetic materials stored in human gene banks around the world.
    Abstract: There is a veritable gold rush mentality in the life science world as scientists, entrepreneurs and multinationals are staking claims to the code of life embodied in the world s current stock of plants, animals, microbes and human populations. This edited volume explores the legal, economic and political context for the debate about intellectual property rights for traditional knowledge and genetic resources and critically analyses the theory and practice of access and benefits sharing efforts around the world. The book also investigates the current flashpoints the David and Goliath battle between Monsanto and Percy Schmeiser over farmers rights, the dispute over coexistence of GM and organic production, and the ownership and control of human genetic materials stored in human gene banks around the world.
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS; Contributors; Acknowledgements; PART ONE: ACCESS AND BENEFITS SHARING IN CONTEXT; 1. Introduction to the Challenge of Access and Benefit Sharing; PART TWO: SHARING THE BENEFITS OF INVENTIONS, PGRS AND TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE; 2. Ideology of the Commons and Property Rights: Who Owns PlantGenetic Resources and the Associated Traditional Knowledge?; 3. Farmers' Privilege and Patented Seeds; 4. Traditional Knowledge and Benefit Sharing: From Compensationto Transaction
    Description / Table of Contents: 5. Biological Resources, Intellectual Property Rights and InternationalHuman Rights: Impacts on Indigenous and Local Communities6. Lost in Translation? The Rhetoric of Protecting Indigenous Peoples'Knowledge in International Law and the Omnipresent Realityof Biopiracy; PART THREE: IMPLEMENTING ACCESS AND BENEFITS SHARING; 7. Liability Principles and their Impact on Access and Benefits Sharing; 8. Beyond the Rhetoric: Population Genetics and Benefit-Sharing; 9. Bioprocessing Partnerships in Practice: A Decade of Experiencesat INBio in Costa Rica
    Description / Table of Contents: PART FOUR: ACCESS AND BENEFIT SHARING IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM10. Conclusions: New Paths to Access and Benefit Sharing; Index;
    Note: Lizenzpflichtig , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9781402047848
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Computer Science Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Computer Supported Cooperative Work 37
    DDC: 303.4833
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    Keywords: Computer science ; Information systems ; Multimedia systems ; Social sciences Data processing ; Architectural design ; Informationstechnik ; Politische Beteiligung
    Abstract: In the present digital revolution we often seem trapped in a Kafkaesque world of technological advances, some desired, some disliked or even feared, which we cannot influence but must accept. This book discusses the urgent need to redress this situation. The authors argue that technologies succeed or fail according to their relevance and value to people, who need to be actively engaged in order to create shared visions and influence their implementation.
    Abstract: In the present digital revolution we often seem trapped in a Kafkaesque world of technological advances, some desired, some disliked or even feared, which we cannot influence but must accept. This book discusses the urgent need to redress this situation. The authors argue that technologies succeed or fail according to their relevance and value to people, who need to be actively engaged in order to create shared visions and influence their implementation. Strategies for citizen engagement and empowerment will enable citizens to influence and shape desirable digital futures. The book reviews the currently accepted ways of thinking about the design of systems and the reasons why these methods are no longer adequate. From an academically rigorous analysis of case histories across a wide variety of sectors, knowledge and best practice are captured in a rich, descriptive model of the contributions of citizen engagement to the design process. Finally, it provides specific practical guidance, based on sound academic research, for policy makers, administrators and ICT professionals on the strategies, methodologies, tools and techniques needed to change design practice.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9781402048203
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Archimedes (Dordrecht, Netherlands) v. 15
    DDC: 580.22209033
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Botanik ; Illustration ; Geschichte 1700-1800 ; Pflanzen ; Illustration ; Geschichte 1700-1800 ; Botanik ; Illustration ; Geschichte 1700-1800
    Abstract: This book is the first in-depth study of eighteenth-century botanical illustrations. Its findings offer a completely new insight into the working practices of the botanists and scientific draughtsmen of this period. The author describes the different production stages of these illustrations. For the first time, the author presents a convincing description of how botanical illustrations developed, ascertaining the criteria that drove this process.
    Abstract: Presents a study of 18th-century botanical illustrations, offering insight into the working practices of botanists and scientific draughtsmen of this period. This book describes the different production stages of these illustrations, traces their uses, and explores their visual language, with particular emphasis on the difficult issue of colour
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; The Making of Botanical Illustrations; The Content of Botanical Illustrations; The Role of Botanical Illustrations; Visual Language; Links with Tradition; The Construction of Botanical Illustrations; Methods and Materials
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Revised thesis (doctoral) - Universität, Bern, 2002 , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 23
    ISBN: 1402046405 , 9781402046407
    Language: English
    Pages: XV, 226 S.
    Series Statement: Computer supported cooperative work 37
    Series Statement: Computer supported cooperative work
    DDC: 303.4833
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    Keywords: Information society ; System design Citizen participation ; Information technology Planning ; Telecommunication Planning ; Informationsgesellschaft ; Bürgerbeteiligung
    URL: Cover
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  • 24
    ISBN: 9781402043901
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Advances in Group Decision and Negotiation 2
    DDC: 303.69
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    Keywords: Political Science ; Artificial intelligence ; Computer simulation ; Social sciences ; Social sciences Methodology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konfliktlösung ; Computerunterstütztes Verfahren ; Computerunterstütztes Verfahren ; Friedenssichernde Maßnahme
    Abstract: Sadly enough, war, conflicts and terrorism appear to stay with us in the 21st century. But what is our outlook on new methods for preventing and ending them? Present-day hard- and software enables the development of large crisis, conflict, and conflict management databases with many variables, sometimes with automated updates, statistical analyses of a high complexity, elaborate simulation models, and even interactive uses of these databases. In this book, these methods are presented, further developed, and applied in relation to the main issue: the resolution and prevention of intra- and international conflicts. Conflicts are a worldwide phenomenon. Therefore, internationally leading researchers from the USA, Austria, Canada, Germany, New Zealand and Switzerland have contributed.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Conflict Resolution by Democracies and Dictatorships: Are Democracies Better in Resolving Conflicts?; Trade Liberalization and Political Instability in Developing Countries; Computer Assisted Early Warning - the FAST Example; Country Indicators for Foreign Policy Developing an Indicators-Based User Friendly Risk Assessment and Early Warning Capability; The Confman.2002 Data Set Developing Cases and Indices of Conflict Management to Predict Conflict Resolution; Events, Patterns, and Analysis Forecasting International Conflict in the Twenty-First Century
    Description / Table of Contents: Forecasting Conflict in the Balkans using Hidden Markov ModelsNeural Computation for International Conflict Management; Modeling International Negotiation Statistical and Machine Learning Approaches; Machine Learning Methods for Better Understanding, Resolving, and Preventing International Conflicts; Information, Power, and War; Modeling Effects of Emotion and Personality on Political Decision-Making; New Methods for Conflict Data; Peacemaker 2020 A System for Global Conflict Analysis and Resolution; A Work of Fiction and A Research Challenge
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 25
    ISBN: 1402043775 , 9781402043772 , 1402043902 , 9781402043901
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 463 S. , Ill., graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Advances in group decision and negotiation v.2
    Series Statement: Advances in group decision and negotiation
    DDC: 303.690285
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    Keywords: Künstliche Intelligenz ; Konfliktregelung ; Internationaler Konflikt ; Prävention ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift
    Note: Literaturangaben
    URL: Cover
    URL: Cover
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  • 26
    ISBN: 1402053746 , 9781402053740
    Language: English
    Pages: vi, 211 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook volume 25
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 303.4834
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    Keywords: Gesellschaft ; Naturwissenschaft ; Computer simulation ; Science Social aspects ; Simulation methods ; Simulation ; Soziologie ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung - Computersimulation ; Aufsatzsammlung - Simulation ; Aufsatzsammlung - Simulation - Wissenschaft ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung - Computersimulation ; Aufsatzsammlung - Simulation ; Aufsatzsammlung - Simulation - Wissenschaft ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung - Computersimulation ; Aufsatzsammlung - Simulation ; Aufsatzsammlung - Simulation - Wissenschaft ; Soziologie ; Simulation
    URL: Cover
    URL: Cover
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9781402035913
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Computer Science Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 303.48/33
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    Keywords: Computer Science ; Information systems ; Electronic commerce ; Business planning ; Social sciences ; Konferenzschrift 2005 ; Informationsgesellschaft ; Social Media ; Technologiemanagement ; Gemeinschaft
    Abstract: "This book includes 23 papers dealing with the impact of modern information and communication technologies that support a wide variety of communities: local communities, virtual communities, and communities of practice, such as knowledge communities and scientific communities. The volume is the result of the second multidisciplinary ""Communities and Technologies Conference"", a major event in this emerging research field. The various chapters discuss how communities are affected by technologies, and how understanding of the way that communities function can be used in improving information systems design. This state of the art overview will be of interest to computer and information scientists, social scientists and practitioners alike."
    Description / Table of Contents: Preliminaries; Table of Contents; From the conference chairs; Does the Internet Enhance the Capacity of Community Associations?; Information Technology in Support of Public Deliberation; Local Communities: Relationships between 'real' and 'virtual' social capital; Extending Social Constructivism with Institutional Theory; Minimalist Design for Informal Learning in Community Computing; Virtual Community Management as Socialization and Learning; File-Sharing Relationships - conflicts of interest in online gift-giving
    Description / Table of Contents: Acceptance and Utility of a Systematically Designed Virtual Community for Cancer PatientsHow to win a World Election; A Bosom Buddy afar brings a Distant Land near; Archetypes of Knowledge Communities; Local Virtuality in an Organization; Taking a Differentiated View of Intra-organizational Distributed Networks of Practice; Structuring of Genre Repertoire in a Virtual Research Team; Principles for Cultivating Scientific Communities of Practice; A study of Online Discussions in an Open-Source Software Community; Citizen Participation through E-Forum: A Case of Wastewater Issues
    Description / Table of Contents: E-Commerce, Communities and GovernmentCollective Action in Electronic Networks of Practice; Bridging among Ethnic Communities by Cross-cultural Communities of Practice; Supporting Privacy Management via Community Experience and Expertise; Regulation Mechanisms in an Open Social Media using a Contact Recommender System; Supporting Communities by Providing Multiple Views; Addresses
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9781402038723
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Computer Science Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Computer Supported Cooperative Work 32
    DDC: 302.2
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    Keywords: Computer Science ; Social sciences Data processing ; Informationstechnik ; Produktgestaltung ; Neue Medien
    Abstract: Everyday Innovators explores the active role of people, collectively and individually, in shaping the use of information and communication technologies. It examines issues around acquiring and using that knowledge of users, how we should conceptualise the role of users and understand the forms and limitations of their participation. To what extent should we think of users as being innovative and creative? To what extent is this routine or exceptional, confined to particular group of users or part of many people's experience of technologies? Where does the nature of the ICT or the particularities of its design impose constraints on the active role that users can play in their interaction with devices and services? Where do the horizons and orientations of the users influence or limit what they want and expect of their ICTs and how they use them? This book enables a cross-fertilisation of perspectives from different disciplines and aims to provide new insights into the role of users, drawing out both applied and theoretical implications
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Beyond User-Centric Models of Product Creation; Following the Emergence of Unpredictable Uses? New Stakes and Tasks for a Social Scientific Understanding of Ict Uses; The Innovatory Use of ICTs; Supporting Creativity - Co-Experience in Mobile Multimedia Messaging; The Social Shaping of New Mobile Devices Among Italian Youth; Creative User-Centered Design Practices: Lessons from Game Cultures; Artistic Deviance and Innovation in Use; The Mobile Multimedia Phone and Artistic Expression: A Case Study of Moby Click; Questioning the "Rural" Adoption and Use of ICTs
    Description / Table of Contents: Dealing with Dilemmas in Pre-Competitive ICT Development Projects: The Construction of "The Social" in Designing New TechnologiesTest Scenarios and the Excluded User; The Construction of "Equal Agency" in the Development of Technology; Community-Technology Interfaces in Participatory Planning: Tool or Tokenism?; Conclusion
    Note: International conference proceedings (selected papers) , Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 29
    ISBN: 140203590X , 1402035918 , 9781402035906 , 9781402035913
    Language: English
    Pages: 467 S. , Ill., graph. Darst.
    DDC: 303.4833
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    Keywords: Informationsgesellschaft ; Social Media ; Technologiemanagement ; Gemeinschaft ; Mailand 〈2005〉 ; Kongress ; Konferenzschrift 2005 ; Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift 2005
    Note: Literaturangaben
    URL: Cover
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402029042
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 570.1
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    Keywords: Biology Mathematical models ; Biology Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Models, Biological ; Philosophy ; Theoretische Biologie ; Forschungsgegenstand
    Abstract: This book originated as a Festschrift to mark the publication of Volume 50 of the journal `Acta Biotheoretica' in 2002 and the journal's 70th anniversary in 2005. In it, eleven previously unpublished research papers have been collected that reflect the entire scope of topics on which `Acta Biotheoretica' publishes. `Acta Biotheoretica' is a journal on theoretical biology, published by Kluwer Academic Publishers, that has its roots in the Dutch tradition of theoretical biology. From the perspective of this tradition, theoretical biology is understood as encompassing a broad spectrum of disciplines ranging from mathematical biology to philosophy of biology. To reflect the Dutch roots of the journal, all papers have been invited from authors that work in The Netherlands. This book is aimed at an audience of theoretical and mathematical biologists, philosophers of biology and philosophers of science, and biologists in general.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preliminaries; Table of Contents; Chapter 1 The History of Acta Biotheoretica and the Nature of Theoretical Biology; Chapter 2 Images of the Genome; Chapter 3 The Functional Perspective of Organismal Biology; Chapter 4 Infectious Biology; Chapter 5 The Composite Species Concept; Chapter 6 The Wonderful Crucible of Life's Creation; Chapter 7 The Symbiontic Nature of Metabolic Evolution; Chapter 8 The Founder and Allee Effects in the Patch Occupancy Metapopulation Model; Chapter 9 Balancing Statistics and Ecology
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 10 Resilience and Persistence in the Context of Stochastic Population ModelsChapter 11 Evolution of Specialization and Ecological Character Displacement: Metabolic Plasticity; List of Contributors
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402030697
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Applied Logic Series 33
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Computer science ; Artificial intelligence ; Roboter ; Programmierung ; Prädikatenlogik ; Stufe 1
    Abstract: "The book provides an in-depth and uniform treatment of a mathematical model for reasoning robotic agents. The book also contains an introduction to a programming method and system based on this model. The mathematical model, known as the ""Fluent Calculus'', describes how to use classical first-order logic to set up symbolic models of dynamic worlds and to represent knowledge of actions and their effects. Robotic agents use this knowledge and their reasoning facilities to make decisions when following high-level, long-term strategies. The book covers the issues of reasoning about sensor input, acting under incomplete knowledge and uncertainty, planning, intelligent troubleshooting, and many other topics. The mathematical model is supplemented by a programming method which allows readers to design their own reasoning robotic agents. The usage of this method, called ""FLUX'', is illustrated by many example programs. The book includes the details of an implementation of FLUX using the standard programming language PROLOG, which allows readers to re-implement or to modify and extend the generic system. The design of autonomous agents, including robots, is one of the most exciting and challenging goals of Artificial Intelligence. Reasoning robotic agents constitute a link between knowledge representation and reasoning on the one hand, and agent programming and robot control on the other. The book provides a uniform mathematical model for the problem-driven, top-down design of rational agents, which use reasoning for decision making, planning, and troubleshooting. The implementation of the mathematical model by a general PROLOG program allows readers to practice the design of reasoning robotic agents. Since all implementation details are given, the generic system can be easily modified and extended."
    Description / Table of Contents: Special Fluent Calculus; Special FLUX; General Fluent Calculus; General FLUX; Knowledge Programming; Planning; Nondeterminism; Imprecision*; Indirect Effects: Ramification Problem*; Troubleshooting: Qualification Problem; Robotics
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [313]-323) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9781402026379
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Text, Speech and Language Technology 25
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    Keywords: Applied Linguistics ; Computational Linguistics ; Linguistics ; Translators (Computer programs) ; Sprachverarbeitung ; Phonetik
    Abstract: Continued progress in Speech Technology in the face of ever-increasing demands on the performance levels of applications is a challenge to the whole speech and language science community. Robust recognition and understanding of spontaneous speech in varied environments, good comprehensibility and naturalness of expressive speech synthesis are goals that cannot be achieved without a change of paradigm. This book argues for interdisciplinary communication and cooperation in problem-solving in general, and discusses the interaction between speech and language engineering and phonetics in particular. With a number of reports on innovative speech technology research as well as more theoretical discussions, it addresses the practical, scientific and sometimes the philosophical problems that stand in the way of cross-disciplinary collaboration and illuminates some of the many possible ways forward. Audience: Researchers and professionals in speech technology and computational linguists.
    Description / Table of Contents: Phonetic Knowledge in Speech Technology; Can Phonetic Knowledge be Used to Improve the Performance of Speech Recognisers and Synthesisers?; Prosodic Models, Automatic Speech Understanding, and Speech Synthesis: Towards the Common Ground?; Phonetic Time Maps; Introducing Phonetically Motivated, Heterogeneous Information into Automatic Speech Recognition; Introducing Contextual Transcription Rules in Large Vocabulary Speech Recognition; From Here to Utility; Pronunciation Modeling; Phonetic Knowledge in Text-to-Speech Synthesis; Is Phonetic Knowledge of Any Use for Speech Technology?
    Note: Description based upon print version of record , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9781402037030
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 19
    DDC: 530.01
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    Keywords: History ; Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Physics History ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Naturphilosophie ; Geschichte 1600-1700 ; Wissenschaftliche Revolution ; Physik ; Naturwissenschaften ; Geschichte 1600-1700
    Abstract: " The seventeenth century marked a critical phase in the emergence of modern science. But we misunderstand this process, if we assume that seventeenth-century modes of natural inquiry were identical to the highly specialised, professionalised and ever proliferating family of modern sciences practised today. In early modern Europe the central category for the study of nature was ""natural philosophy"", or as Robert Hooke called it in his Micrographia, the Science of Nature. In this discipline general theories of matter, cause, cosmology and method were devised, debated and positioned in relation to superior disciplines, such as theology, cognate disciplines, such as mathematics and ethics, and subordinate disciplines, such as the ""mixed mathematical sciences"" of astronomy, optics and mechanics. Thus, the ""Scientific Revolution"" of the Seventeenth Century did not witness the sudden birth of 'modern science' but rather conflict and change in the field of natural philosophy: Aristotelian natural philosophy was challenged and displaced, as thinkers competed to redefine natural philosophy and its relations to the superior, cognate and subordinate disciplines. From this process the more modern looking disciplines of natural science emerged, and the idea of a general Science of Nature suffered a slow demise. The papers in this collection focus on patterns of change in natural philosophy in the seventeenth century, aiming to encourage the use and articulation of this category in the historiography of science. The volume is intended for scholars and advanced students of early modern history of science, history of philosophy and intellectual history. Philosophers of science and sociologists of scientific knowledge concerned with historical issues will also find the volume of relevance. Above all, the volume is addressed to anyone interested in current debates about the origin and nature of modern science. "
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; The Onset of the Scientific Revolution; 'Waterworld': Descartes' Vortical Celestial Mechanics; Circular Argument; From Mechanics to Mechanism; The Autonomy of Natural Philosophy; Physico-Theology and the Mixed Sciences; The Saturn Problem; Experimental Versus Speculative Natural Philosophy
    Note: Includes bibliographic references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9789401593892
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 549 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Lasker, Daniel J. The Medieval Hebrew Encyclopedias of Science and Philosophy (review) 2003
    Series Statement: Amsterdam Studies in Jewish Thought 7
    Series Statement: Amsterdam Studies in Jewish Philosophy 7
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The medieval Hebrew encyclopedias of science and philosophy
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Medieval philosophy. ; Philosophy, medieval ; History ; Philosophy. ; Philosophy—History. ; Humanities. ; Social sciences. ; Konferenzschrift 1998 ; Hebräisch ; Enzyklopädie ; Wissenschaft ; Philosophie ; Geschichte 500-1500 ; Jüdische Philosophie ; Geschichte 1100-1400
    Abstract: In January 1998 leading scholars from Europe, the United States, and Israel in the fields of medieval encyclopedias (Arabic, Latin and Hebrew) and medieval Jewish philosophy and science gathered together at Bar-Ilan University in Ramat-Gan, Israel, for an international conference on medieval Hebrew encyclopedias of science and philosophy. The primary purpose of the conference was to explore and define the structure, sources, nature, and characteristics of the medieval Hebrew encyclopedias of science and philosophy. This book, the first to devote itself to the medieval Hebrew encyclopedias of science and philosophy, contains revised versions of the papers that were prepared for this conference. This volume also includes an annotated translation of Moritz Steinschneider's groundbreaking discussion of this subject in his Die hebraeischen Übersetzungen. The Medieval Hebrew Encyclopedias of Science and Philosophy will be of particular interest to students of medieval philosophy and science, Jewish intellectual history, the history of ideas, and pre-modern Western encyclopedias
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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