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  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (311)
  • Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press
  • OECD-Staaten  (235)
  • Social Issues/Migration/Health  (107)
  • Economics  (311)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264828599 , 9789264977792 , 9789264762497
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Green Finance and Investment
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Developing sustainable finance definitions and taxonomies
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    Keywords: Nachhaltige Kapitalanlage ; Klassifikation ; Definition ; EU-Staaten ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; OECD ; Ökologische Marktwirtschaft ; Kreditmarkt ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: A number of countries have created official definitions of sustainable finance as well as more comprehensive classification systems, referred to as sustainable finance taxonomies. This report maps sustainable finance definitions and taxonomies in five jurisdictions: the European Union, People’s Republic of China, Japan, France and the Netherlands. Taxonomies answer a need for greater certainty on the environmental sustainability of different types of investments. When appropriately designed, they can improve market clarity, bring confidence and assurance to investors, and facilitate the measurement and tracking of sustainable finance flows. The report lays out preliminary considerations for good design of taxonomies, which can support policy makers to develop and grow sustainable finance markets to help achieve environmental and sustainable development goals. It also identifies differences among the taxonomies in scope as well as commonalities. These commonalities could provide a basis for creating comparable frameworks that facilitate international investment while also reflecting differing national circumstances.
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789264309173 , 9789264309166 , 9789264307292
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Poza PKB. Mierzmy To Co Ma Znaczenie Dla Rozwoju Społeczno Gospodarczego
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Jenseits des BIP: Was bei der wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Entwicklung wirklich zählt
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Stiglitz, Joseph E., 1943 - Beyond GDP
    DDC: 330
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    Keywords: Sozialer Indikator ; Lebensqualität ; Soziale Lage ; Bruttoinlandsprodukt ; Wirtschaftsindikator ; Messung ; Environment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Soziale Situation ; Lebensqualität ; Bruttoinlandsprodukt ; Wirtschaftsindikator ; Messung
    Abstract: Metrics matter for policy and policy matters for well-being. In this report, the co-chairs of the OECD-hosted High Level Expert Group on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress, Joseph E. Stiglitz, Jean-Paul Fitoussi and Martine Durand, show how over-reliance on GDP as the yardstick of economic performance misled policy makers who did not see the 2008 crisis coming. When the crisis did hit, concentrating on the wrong indicators meant that governments made inadequate policy choices, with severe and long-lasting consequences for many people. While GDP is the most well-known, and most powerful economic indicator, it can’t tell us everything we need to know about the health of countries and societies. In fact, it can’t even tell us everything we need to know about economic performance. We need to develop dashboards of indicators that reveal who is benefitting from growth, whether that growth is environmentally sustainable, how people feel about their lives, what factors contribute to an individual’s or a country’s success. This book looks at progress made over the past 10 years in collecting well-being data, and in using them to inform policies. An accompanying volume, For Good Measure: Advancing Research on Well-being Metrics Beyond GDP, presents the latest findings from leading economists and statisticians on selected issues within the broader agenda on defining and measuring well-being.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264272453
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Getting infrastructure right
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    Keywords: Infrastrukturpolitik ; Infrastrukturversorgung ; Governance-Ansatz ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Regierung ; Good Governance ; Infrastruktur ; Infrastrukturpolitik ; Erschließung ; Kausalität ; Wirkung ; Auswirkung ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Governance ; Erde ; Infrastrukturpolitik ; Infrastrukturplanung
    Abstract: Infrastructure poses many challenges, from technical and budgetary concerns to delivery and governance issues. But it is crucial for both productivity and inclusiveness. Businesses rely on modern infrastructure to remain competitive, while society depends on good infrastructure to ensure equal opportunity and equal access to services for citizens. Good governance of public infrastructure can thus yield substantial benefits for all. Based on a survey of 27 countries, this report provides an overview of current practices in infrastructure governance and presents practical tools to help policy makers better manage infrastructure.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264275683
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Small, medium, strong
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    Keywords: KMU ; Unternehmenserfolg ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Betriebliches Umfeld ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Governance ; Economics ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Gewerbepolitik
    Abstract: SMEs and entrepreneurs play a key role in national economies around the world, generating employment and income, contributing to innovation and knowledge diffusion, responding to new or niched demands and social needs, and enhancing social inclusion. However, SMEs are often more affected by business environment conditions and structural policies than larger firms. This report presents comparative evidence on SME performance and trends, and on a broad range of policy areas and business environment conditions that are important for small businesses. The analysis takes into account the multi-dimensionality of SME policy objectives and the significant heterogeneity of the SME population, within and across countries. Data and indicators on framework conditions are complemented with information on recent policy trends in OECD countries. This publication addresses a growing demand by governments for tools to monitor the business environment for small and medium-sized enterprises, and benchmark the effectiveness of policies in creating appropriate conditions for them to flourish and grow.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264270879
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (252 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Fostering innovation in the public sector
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    Keywords: Innovationsmanagement ; Öffentlicher Sektor ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Verwaltung ; Innovationsmanagement
    Abstract: Public sector innovation does not happen by itself: problems need to be identified, and ideas translated into projects that can be tested, implemented and shared. To do so, public sector organisations must identify the processes and structures that can support and accelerate innovation. This report looks at how governments can create an environment that fosters innovation. It discusses the role of government management in inhibiting or enabling innovation, and the role that specific functions such as human resources management and budgeting can play. It suggests ways to support innovation – including by managing information, data and knowledge – as well as strategies for managing risk. Drawing on country approaches compiled and analysed by the OECD Observatory of Public Sector Innovation, the report presents a framework for collecting and examining data on the ability of central government to foster public sector innovation.
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264270572
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (95 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Accrual practices and reform experiences in OECD countries
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    Keywords: Öffentliches Rechnungswesen ; Rechnungsabgrenzung ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Economics ; OECD ; Fiskalpolitik ; Rechnungswesen ; Rückstellung
    Abstract: Financial reporting is one of the foundations of good fiscal management. High-quality financial reports are essential to ensure that a governments fiscal decisions are based on the most up-to-date and accurate understanding of its financial position. Financial reports are also the mechanism through which legislatures, auditors, and the public at large hold governments accountable for their financial performance. Over the past two decades, a growing number of governments have begun moving away from pure cash accounting toward accrual accounting to improve transparency and accountability and better inform fiscal decision making. This study reviews and compares accounting and budgeting practices at the national government level in OECD countries. It also discusses both the challenges and benefits of accruals reforms. Finally, it looks at some steps countries are taking to make better use of accrual information in the future. This is a joint publication with the International Federation of Accountants and the OECD.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264252639
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Committing to effective whistleblower protection
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    Keywords: Whistleblowing ; Anti-Korruption ; Öffentlicher Sektor ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; OECD ; Whistleblowing ; Schutz ; OECD ; Whistleblowing ; Schutz
    Abstract: Whistleblower protection is essential for safeguarding the public interest, for promoting a culture of accountability and integrity in both public and private institutions, and for encouraging the reporting of misconduct, fraud and corruption wherever it occurs. While many countries are increasingly developing legal frameworks to protect whistleblowers, more can be done to mainstream integrity and promote open organisational cultures. This report analyses whistleblower protection frameworks in OECD countries, identifies areas for reform and proposes next steps to strengthen effective and comprehensive whistleblower protection laws in both the public and private sectors.
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264265189
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (492 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The governance of inclusive growth
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    Keywords: Wachstumspolitik ; Entwicklungsstrategie ; Bürgerbeteiligung ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Bericht ; OECD ; Wirtschaftskooperation
    Abstract: Achieving inclusive growth relates closely to how governments work and how policies are designed, implemented, delivered and evaluated. This publication presents an overview of country initiatives concerning inclusive growth in 39 OECD member and partner countries. It was prepared in the context of the OECD Public Governance Ministerial Meetings held in Helsinki, Finland, on 28 October 2015. The publication focuses on four core issues: engaging with citizens and businesses for more inclusive policies and services; innovative policy design for inclusive growth; improving the delivery of services for and with citizens; and, strengthening accountability through better performance management and evaluation.
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789264257382
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Working together
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    Keywords: Migranten ; Kinder ; Arbeitsmarktintegration ; Qualifikation ; Schweden ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden ; Schweden ; Einwanderer ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Integration
    Abstract: This review is the first in a new series on the skills and labour market integration of immigrants and their children. With 16% of its population born abroad, Sweden has one of the larger immigrant populations among the European OECD countries. Estimates suggest that about half of the foreign-born population originally came to Sweden as refugees or as the family of refugees and Sweden has been the OECD country that has had by far the largest inflows of asylum seekers relative to its population. In all OECD countries, humanitarian migrants and their families face greater challenges to integrate into the labour market than other groups. It is thus not surprising that immigrant versus native-born differences are larger than elsewhere, which also must be seen in the context of high skills and labour market participation among the native-born. For both genders, employment disparities are particularly pronounced among the low-educated, among whom immigrants are heavily overrepresented. These immigrants face particular challenges related to the paucity of low-skilled jobs in Sweden, and policy needs to acknowledge that their integration pathway tends to be a long one. Against this backdrop, Sweden has highly developed and longstanding integration policies that mainly aim at upskilling immigrants while temporarily lowering the cost of hiring, while other tools that work more strongly with the social partners and the civil society are less well developed and need strengthening.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264258211
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Srivastava, Divya Better ways to pay for health care
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    Keywords: Gesundheitsfinanzierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Gesundheitswesen ; Finanzierung
    Abstract: Payers for health care are pursuing a variety of policies as part of broader efforts to improve the quality and efficiency of care. Payment reform is but one policy tool to improve health system performance that requires supportive measures in place such as policies with well-developed stakeholder involvement, information on quality, clear criteria for tariff setting, and embedding evaluation as part of the policy process. Countries should not, however, underestimate the significant data challenges when looking at price setting processes. Data access and ways to overcome its fragmentation require well-developed infrastructures. Policy efforts highlight a trend towards aligning payer and provider incentives by using evidence-based clinical guidelines and outcomes to inform price setting. There are signs of increasing policy focus on outcomes to inform price setting. These efforts could bring about system-wide effects of using evidence along with a patient-centred focus to improve health care delivery and performance in the long-run.
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264240353 , 9789264233386
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (262 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Fiscal sustainability of health systems
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    Keywords: Gesundheitskosten ; Gesundheitsfinanzierung ; Öffentliche Finanzen ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Gesundheitswesen ; Finanzierung ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Frankreich ; Großbritannien ; Niederlande
    Abstract: The health systems we enjoy today, and expected medical advances in the future, will be difficult to finance from public resources without major reforms. Public health spending in OECD countries has grown rapidly over most of the last half century. These spending increases have contributed to important progress in population health: for example, life expectancy at birth has increased, rising on average by ten years since 1970. The challenge now is to sustain and enhance these achievements in a context of tight fiscal constraints in many countries combined with upward pressure on health spending from factors such as new technological advances and demographic changes. Finding policies that can make health spending more sustainable without compromising important achievements in access and quality requires effective co-operation between health and finance ministries. Sound governance and co-ordination mechanisms are therefore essential to ensure effective policy choices. Prepared by both public finance and health experts, this report provides a unique detailed overview of institutional frameworks for financing health care in OECD countries. One of the main features of this book is a comprehensive mapping of budgeting practices and governance structure in health across OECD countries.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264250024 , 9789264246010
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 14.5 x 22cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Insights
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Inégalités de revenu : l'écart entre les riches et les pauvres
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Desigualdad de ingresos : La brecha entre ricos y pobres
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Keeley, Brian Income inequality
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    Keywords: Einkommensverteilung ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; OECD ; Einkommensunterschied ; OECD ; Einkommensunterschied
    Abstract: Income inequality is rising. A quarter of a century ago, the average disposable income of the richest 10% in OECD countries was around seven times higher than that of the poorest 10%; today, it’s around 9½ times higher. Why does this matter? Many fear this widening gap is hurting individuals, societies and even economies. This book explores income inequality across five main headings. It starts by explaining some key terms in the inequality debate. It then examines recent trends and explains why income inequality varies between countries. Next it looks at why income gaps are growing and, in particular, at the rise of the 1%. It then looks at the consequences, including research that suggests widening inequality could hurt economic growth. Finally, it examines policies for addressing inequality and making economies more inclusive.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264243507
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Tax Policy Studies no.23
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Taxation of SMEs in OECD and G20 countries
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    Keywords: KMU ; Unternehmensbesteuerung ; OECD-Staaten ; Taxation ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Unternehmensbesteuerung
    Abstract: Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are important for their contribution to employment, innovation, economic growth and diversity. This report examines the tax treatment of SMEs, the case for SME preferences, and the use of tax preferences and simplification measures for SMEs in thirty-nine OECD and G20 countries. It finds that many of the tax systems examined provide incentives to incorporate and to distribute income in certain types of capital form. Ideally, taxes should be neutral with regard to the business decisions of SMEs, including decisions related to their creation, form and growth. However, certain features of the tax system may disproportionately affect SMEs, for example, the asymmetric treatment of profits and losses, a bias toward debt over corporate equity, and the higher fixed costs of tax and regulatory compliance for small businesses. This report recommends that measures designed to address these concerns be carefully targeted to affected firms and seek to avoid introducing further distortions and complexity.
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264221796
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Measuring the Digital Economy; A New Perspective (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measuring the digital economy
    DDC: 381/.142
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    Keywords: Internetnutzung ; IKT-Sektor ; Messung ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Bericht ; Statistik ; OECD ; Electronic Commerce ; Neue Medien ; Evaluation
    Abstract: The growing role of the digital economy in daily life has heightened demand for new data and measurement tools. Internationally comparable and timely statistics combined with robust cross-country analyses are crucial to strengthen the evidence base for digital economy policy making, particularly in a context of rapid change. This report presents indicators traditionally used to monitor the information society and complements them with experimental indicators that provide insight into areas of policy interest. The key objectives of this publication are to highlight measurement gaps and propose actions to advance the measurement agenda.
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264205390
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation and modernising the rural economy
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    Keywords: Ländliche Wirtschaft ; Entwicklungsplanung ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: This publication is a result of the discussions from the OECD 8th Rural Development Policy Conference: "Innovation and modernising the rural economy" which took place in Krasnoyarsk, Russia on 3-5 October 2012. It provides an overview of the two themes of modernisation and innovation, focusing on identifying the attributes of the modern rural economy and showing how it differs from the traditional rural economy and from metropolitan economies. It also shows how rural innovation is a key driver of rural economic growth using patents as a measure. The second part of the book consists of four chapters that offer evidence of rural regions’ potential to contribute to national economic growth. In addition, each provides useful context for Part I by outlining four different perspectives on the process of modernisation and innovation, and specifically, how they can take place in the rural territories of OECD countries. In each paper, the authors explore the opportunities and impediments to these twin processes and how government policy can help or hinder them.
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264187610
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (440 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Inventory of estimated budgetary support and tax expenditures for fossil fuels 2013
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    Keywords: Fossile Energie ; Förderung erneuerbarer Energien ; Steuervergünstigung ; OECD-Staaten ; Energy ; Environment ; Governance ; Taxation ; Trade ; OECD ; Energiepolitik ; Steuervergünstigung
    Abstract: This Inventory is concerned with direct budgetary transfers and tax expenditures that relate to fossil fuels, regardless of their impact or of the purpose for which the measures were first put in place. It has been undertaken as an exercise in transparency, and to inform the international dialogue on fossil-fuel subsidy reform. For each of the 34 OECD countries covered, the Inventory provides a succinct summary of its energy economy, and of the budgetary and tax-related measures provided at the central-government level (and, in the case of federal countries, for selected sub-national units of government) relating to fossil-fuel production or consumption. The transfers associated with these measures are reported for recent years using the Producer Support Estimate (PSE) and Consumer Support Estimate (CSE) as organising frameworks. These frameworks have already been used extensively by the OECD, most notably in respect of agriculture. The Inventory covers a wide range of measures that provide a benefit or preference for a particular activity or a particular product, either in absolute terms or relative to other activities or products, against a specified baseline. Many measures listed in this inventory are relative preferences within a particular country’s tax system rather than absolute support that can be readily compared across countries, and for that reason no national totals are provided.
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264111905
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Insights
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mondialisation économique ; Origines et conséquences
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Die Globalisierung der Wirtschaft; Ursprünge und Auswirkungen
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Globalización económica ; Orígenes y consecuencias
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Economic globalisation
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    Keywords: Globalisierung ; Wirkungsanalyse ; OECD-Staaten ; Wirtschaftsbeziehungen ; Wirtschaftliche Integration ; Globalisierung ; Geschichte ; Development ; Economics ; Trade ; Erde
    Abstract: Few subjects are as controversial – and poorly understood – as globalisation. While in its broadest sense, economic globalisation is as old as trade itself, the recent financial crisis has amplified the complexity associated with the global interconnectedness of the world’s economies and its ramifications on our livelihoods. This publication reviews the major turning points in the history of economic integration, and in particular the pace at which it has accelerated since the 1990s. It also considers its impact in four crucial areas, namely employment, development, the environment and financial stability: does globalisation foster development or create inequality? Does it promote or destroy jobs? Is it damaging to the environment or compatible with its preservation? Are we heading towards de-globalisation or can globalisation in fact enable recovery?
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264201545
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The internet economy on the rise
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    Keywords: Electronic Commerce ; Internetnutzung ; OECD-Staaten ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Bericht ; Electronic Commerce ; OECD
    Abstract: This publication reviews progress made since the 2008 OECD Seoul Declaration for the Future of the Internet Economy and identifies areas for future work. Seven themes are addressed in the work as follows: High-speed infrastructure Digital content and green ICTs The development of smarter applications Cybersecurity and privacy Consumer empowerment and protection An open Internet economy Global participation for development. Overall, the review shows that the Internet economy has now reached a point where it has become a new source of growth, with the potential to boost the whole economy, to foster innovation, competitiveness and user participation, and to contribute effectively to the prosperity of society as a whole.
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264194564
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (265 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als A good life in old age?
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    Keywords: Häusliche Pflege ; Dienstleistungsqualität ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Altenpflege ; Medizinische Versorgung ; Langzeitbetreuung
    Abstract: As ageing societies are pushing a growing number of frail old people into needing care, delivering quality long-term care services – care that is safe, effective, and responsive to needs – has become a priority for governments. Yet much still remains to be done to enhance evidence-based measurement and improvement of quality of long-term care services across EU and OECD countries. This book offers evidence and examples of useful experiences to help policy makers, providers and experts measure and improve the quality of long-term care services.
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264192744
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Lutter contre l'érosion de la base d'imposition et le transfert de bénéfices
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Addressing base erosion and profit shifting
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    Keywords: Gewinnverlagerung ; Körperschaftsteuer ; Steuerrecht ; OECD-Staaten ; Multinationales Unternehmen ; Ertragsteuer ; Steuersystem ; Unternehmenspolitik ; Finance and Investment ; Taxation ; Bodenerosion ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Steuerrecht
    Abstract: Base erosion constitutes a serious risk to tax revenues, tax sovereignty and tax fairness for many countries. While there are many ways in which domestic tax bases can be eroded, a significant source of base erosion is profit shifting. This report presents the studies and data available regarding the existence and magnitude of base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS), and contains an overview of global developments that have an impact on corporate tax matters and identifies the key principles that underlie the taxation of cross-border activities, as well as the BEPS opportunities these principles may create. The report concludes that current rules provide opportunities to associate more profits with legal constructs and intangible rights and obligations, and to legally shift risk intra-group, with the result of reducing the share of profits associated with substantive operations. The report recommends the development of an action plan to address BEPS issues in a comprehensive manner.
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264195325
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Green Growth Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Green growth in cities
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    Keywords: Nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Umweltpolitik ; Internationale Kooperation ; Ballungsraum ; Großstadt ; Ökologische Marktwirtschaft ; Einflussgröße ; Interesse ; Entwicklung ; Unterentwicklung ; Ursache ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Stadtentwicklung ; Umweltqualität ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Umweltpolitik
    Abstract: This report synthesises the findings from six case studies of urban green growth policies, four at city level (Paris, Chicago, Stockholm, Kitakyushu) and two at the national level (China, Korea). It offers a definition of urban green growth and a framework for analysing how it might play out in different types of cities. It demonstrates the importance of urban policies for achieving national environmental policy goals and discusses the increased efficiency of policy intervention at the urban level. It identifies urban activities to reduce environmental impact that are most likely to contribute to the policy priorities of job creation, urban attractiveness, metro-regional supply of green products and services, and increased urban land values. It also provides guidance on addressing potential financing and governance challenges that may arise in pursuing urban green growth. Finally, the report offers a preliminary proposal for how green growth in cities could be measured.
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9789264179080
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (324 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Waiting time policies in the health sector
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    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Medizinische Versorgung ; Wartezeit ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Over the past decade, many OECD countries have introduced new policies to tackle excessive waiting times for elective surgery with some success. However, in the wake of the recent economic downturn and severe pressures on public budgets, waiting times times may rise again, and it is important to understand which policies work. In addition, the European Union has introduced new regulations to allow patients to seek care in other member states, if there are long delays in treatment. This book provides a framework to understand why there are waiting lists for elective surgery in some OECD countries and not in others. It also describes how waiting times are measured in OECD countries, which differ widely, and makes recommendations for best practice. Finally, it reviews different policy approaches to tackling excessive waiting times. Some countries have introduced guarantees to patients that they will not wait too long for treatment. These policies work only if they are accompanied by sanctions on health providers to ensure the guarantee is met or if they allow greater choice of health-care providers including the private sector. Many countries have also introduced policies to expand supply of surgical services, but these policies have generally not succeeded in the long-term in bringing down waiting times. Given the increasing demand for elective surgery, some countries have experimented with policies to improve priorisation of who is entitled to elective surgery. These policies are promising, but difficult to implement.
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264167865
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (284 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Green Growth Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Compact City Policies; A Comparative Assessment (Japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Compact City Policies; A Comparative Assessment (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Compact city policies
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    Keywords: Nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; OECD ; Stadtökologie
    Abstract: This book examines the concept of the compact city and the implication of the current urban context for compact city policies. It explores their potential outcomes, particularly in terms of how it can contribute to Green Growth and looks at developing indicators to monitor compact city and track policy performance. It reviews compact city policies currently being implemented across the OECD in relation to the pursuit of Green Growth objectives and provides ideas to achieve better outcomes. And it assesses the key governance challenges faced by decision-makers as they seek to implement practical compact city strategies. This report is thus intended as “food for thought” for national, sub-national and municipal governments as they seek to address their economic and environmental challenges through the development and implementation of spatial strategies in pursuit of Green Growth objectives. It also illustrates best practices (which present key elements of successful compact city policies) based on empirical evidence that can be shared across OECD member countries.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264123571
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Insights
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. De l'aide au développement ; La lutte mondiale contre la pauvreté
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. De la ayuda al desarrollo ; El combate internacional de la pobreza
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Keeley, Brian From aid to development
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    Keywords: Armut ; Entwicklung ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Economics ; OECD ; Wirtschaftskrise ; Rezession ; Entwicklungsländer ; Armut ; Bekämpfung
    Abstract: The balance of economic power is shifting. Countries that were once poor are becoming economic powerhouses. Yet poverty persists worldwide, depriving billions of people of basic necessities and the prospects of creating a better life. How are we responding to this challenge? This book explores the multi-faceted world of aid and development co-operation – a range of global, and sometimes contested, efforts aimed at reducing the impact of poverty. It traces the history of these efforts, explains where they come from and where they are going, and asks whether they are achieving as much as they could. It also examines some of the ways in which development efforts can be made more effective in achieving lasting benefits through good governance and the creation of a deeper partnership between developed and developing countries. And it looks at how the economic emergence of countries like China and India is bringing a new dynamic to development co-operation.
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264179455
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.)
    Edition: 2012 Update
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Redresser les finances publiques, mise à jour 2012
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Restoring public finances, 2012 update
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    Keywords: Haushaltskonsolidierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; OECD ; Finanzwirtschaft ; Konsolidierung ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Geschichte 2012
    Abstract: This report gives an update on fiscal consolidation strategies across OECD member countries since last year. Chapter 1 describes the scope and composition of country plans, compares them with calculated fiscal need, and provides information on the timing and details. Chapter 2 contains notes on each of the countries which present the current fiscal position and announced fiscal paths, the consolidation plans, and detailed expenditure and revenue measures. Chapter 3 discusses the financial situation and consolidation needs of sub-national governments, and the policies that are being carried out at both levels of government to reach the consolidation objectives.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264179370
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (352 Seiten) , 21 x 28cm
    DDC: 305.42
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    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Gender gaps are pervasive in all walks of economic life and imply large losses in terms of foregone productivity and living standards to the individuals concerned and the economy. This new OECD report focuses on how best to close these gender gaps under four broad headings: 1) Gender equality, social norms and public policies; and gender equality in 2) education; 3) employment and 4) entrepreneurship. Key policy messages are as follows:-Greater gender equality in educational attainment has a strong positive effect on economic growth;-Stereotyping needs to be addressed in educational choices at school from a young age. For example, adapt teaching strategies and material to increase engagement of boys in reading and of girls in maths and science; encourage more girls to follow science, engineering and maths courses in higher education and seek employment in these fields;-Good and affordable childcare is a key factor for better gender equality in employment. But change also has to happen at home as the bulk of housework and caring is left to women in many countries. Policy can support such change, for example, through parental leave policies that explicitly include fathers.-Support policies for women-owned enterprises need to target all existing firms, not just start-ups and small enterprises. Equal access to finance for male and female entrepreneurs needs to be assured
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264178014
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.)
    Series Statement: Better Aid
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'efficacité de l'aide dans le secteur de la santé ; Progrès et enseignements
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Aid effectiveness in the health sector
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    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungsländer ; Entwicklungszusammenarbeit ; Internationale Kooperation ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Gesundheitsfürsorge ; Effektivität ; Wirkung ; Auswirkung ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Entwicklungsländer
    Abstract: Aid plays an important role in reducing poverty and inequality, stimulating growth, building capacity, promoting human development and accelerating the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. Effective aid is critical both to maximise the impact of aid and to achieve long-term, sustainable development. Aid to the health sector has increased substantially over the last 20 years from USD 5 billion in 1990 to USD 21.8 billion in 2007. Consisting of a growing and diverse range of actors, aid to the health sector faces complex governance and management challenges: for example, donors inadvertedly invest in duplicate and fragmented efforts, while partners are unable to take full responsibility and leadership. By reviewing these challenges against the aid effectiveness principles outlined in the landmark 2005 Paris Declaration and 2008 Accra Agenda for Action, this report provides insight and expounds lessons from the health sector to the broader challenges of aid effectiveness. Health, then, is used as a “tracer” sector to help assess the risks and benefits of the diverse range of actors, and promote co-ordination and coherence among development programmes. This work is the result of a collaboration between the Working Party on Aid Effectiveness – an inclusive, international forum with the aim of improving aid delivery – through its Task Team on Health as a Tracer Sector and the World Trade Organization.
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264120563
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (84 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Bank competition and financial stability
    DDC: 332.1
    RVK:
    Keywords: Bank ; Privatkundengeschäft ; Wettbewerb ; Derivat ; Finanzkrise ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; OECD ; Bankenkrise ; Derivat
    Abstract: This report examines the interplay between banking competition and financial stability, taking into account the experiences in the recent global crisis and the policy response to it. The report has been prepared by members of the Directorate of Financial and Enterprise Affairs at the OECD in Paris for the G20 Workshop “The New Financial Landscape."
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264122314
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Health reform
    DDC: 362.1/042
    RVK:
    Keywords: Gesundheitsreform ; Alternde Bevölkerung ; Morbidität ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Gesundheitswesen ; Reform ; Morbidität
    Abstract: When the OECD was founded in 1961, health systems were gearing themselves up to deliver acute care interventions. Sick people were to be cured in hospitals, then sent on their way again. Medical training was focused on hospitals; innovation was to develop new interventions; payment systems were centred around single episodes of care. Health systems have delivered big improvements in health since then, but they can be slow to adapt to new challenges. In particular, these days, the overwhelming burden of disease is chronic, for which ‘cure’ is out of our reach. Health policies have changed to some extent in response, though perhaps not enough. But the challenge of the future is that the typical recipient of health care will be aged and will have multiple morbidities. This book examines how payment systems, innovation policies and human resource policies need to be modernised so that OECD health systems will continue to generate improved health outcomes in the future at a sustainable cost.
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264118782
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Financing high-growth firms
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    Keywords: Unternehmensgründung ; Risikokapital ; Unternehmensfinanzierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Unternehmensgründung ; Innovationspotenzial ; Finanzierung ; Risikokapital ; Investor
    Abstract: This report covers seed stage financing for high growth companies in OECD and non-OECD countries with a primary focus on angel investment. The paper provides an overview of angel financing, including a description of how it has evolved in OECD and non-OECD countries and policy interventions taken within some countries.
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  • 31
    ISBN: 9789264097759
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (328 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Besoin d'aide ? ; La prestation de services et le financement de la dépendance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Help wanted?
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ältere Menschen ; Häusliche Pflege ; Pflegeversicherung ; Finanzierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Finanzierung ; Krankenpflege ; Langzeitbetreuung ; Private Krankenversicherung
    Abstract: This book examines the challenges countries are facing with regard to providing and paying for long-term care. With populations ageing and the need for long-term care growing rapidly, this book looks at such issues as: future demographic trends, policies to support family carers, long-term care workers, financing arrangements, long-term care insurance, and getting better value for money in long-term care. “WHO recognizes that long-term care represents a major challenge for all countries in the world, with important implications for economic development and for the health and well-being of older people. This well-documented book provides a comparative analysis of the common challenges and diverse solutions OECD countries are adopting to respond to the growing demand for long-term care services, and particularly its implications for financing and labour markets. It provides much needed evidence to guide policy makers and individuals.” -Dr John Beard, Director, Department of Ageing and Life Course, World Health Organization “This carefully researched book offers invaluable data and insights into the organization and financing of long-term care in OECD countries. The book is an indispensable resource for anyone interested in international long-term care”. -Dr. Joshua M. Wiener, Distinguished Fellow and Program Director of RTI’s Aging, Disability, and Long-Term Care Program, United States
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264120914
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Systems
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des systèmes de santé; Suisse 2011
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of health systems
    RVK:
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Krankenversicherung ; Gesundheitsberufe ; Gesundheitsreform ; Schweiz ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Switzerland ; Schweiz ; Krankenversicherung ; Gesundheitswesen ; Reform
    Abstract: Five years after the first Review of Switzerland’s health system, the OECD and the World Organization combined their expertise again to report on progress and implementation of health reforms in the Swiss health system. In addition to taking stock of the good overall performance of the Swiss health system, the two organizations propose concrete ways to help the system be more efficient and prepare for the future health needs of the Swiss population. The report focuses on three important issues: health insurance markets, health workforce planning and management and governance of the health system.
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264098732
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Assurer le bien-être des familles
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Doing Better for Families; (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Doing better for families
    DDC: 361.61021
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    Keywords: Familienpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Familienhilfe
    Abstract: All OECD governments want to give parents more choice in their work and family decisions. This book looks at the different ways in which governments support families. It seeks to provide answers to questions like: Is spending on family benefits going up, and how does it vary by the age of the child? Has the crisis affected public support for families? What is the best way of helping adults to have the number of children they desire? What are the effects of parental leave programmes on female labour supply and on child well-being? Are childcare costs a barrier to parental employment and can flexible workplace options help? What is the best time for mothers to go back to work after childbirth? And what are the best policies to reduce poverty among sole parents?
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264120983
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (296 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD regional outlook 2011
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regionalpolitik ; Regionales Wachstum ; Regionalentwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Bericht ; OECD ; Regionale Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Abstract: The OECD Regional Outlook 2011 provides an overview of the main developments in performance among OECD regions and the challenges for regional policy after the crisis. The first two chapters present fresh analysis of regional growth and labour-market trends, exploring their implications for policy. This is followed by three chapters offering focused analyses of key policy issues. The first, and most immediate, concerns the state of sub-national government finances in the wake of the crisis and its implications for managing public investment, in particular, during a period of austerity. The next two chapters are concerned with the potential contribution of regions and regional policies to addressing the longer-term challenges of innovation and green growth. Part 3 of the Outlook presents a "policy forum", a wide-ranging debate on the role of regional policy today involving experts and officials from within and outside the OECD. Finally, the Outlook includes individual country pages providing detailed quantitative and qualitative information on regional performance, institutions and policy settings in OECD members.
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264120563
    Language: English
    Edition: 2011
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Bank competition and financial stability
    DDC: 332.1
    RVK:
    Keywords: Bank ; Privatkundengeschäft ; Wettbewerb ; Derivat ; Finanzkrise ; OECD-Staaten ; OECD ; Bank ; Wettbewerb ; Kapitalmarkt ; Nationalität
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264119222
    Language: English
    Edition: 2011
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Corporate loss utilisation through aggressive tax planning
    RVK:
    Keywords: Steuerplanung ; OECD-Staaten ; Steuerplanung
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  • 37
    ISBN: 9789264096684
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Environmental Innovation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better policies to support eco-innovation
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    Keywords: Innovation ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Technologiepolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Technologietransfer ; Umweltschutz ; Clean Development Mechanism ; Public Private Partnership ; Fallstudie ; Environment ; OECD ; Umwelttechnik ; Forschungsförderung
    Abstract: Eco-innovation is more important than ever on the public policy agenda. It is a major driver for green growth and contributes to the environmental performance and economic development of OECD and developing countries alike. This report takes a pragmatic approach to policies that support the development and diffusion of eco-innovation. Building on the OECD Innovation Strategy, it argues that eco-innovation is not merely about technological developments: non-technical innovations matter as well. It acknowledges that policies do not operate in a vacuum and that they must take account of the contexts that influence the development and diffusion of eco-innovation, such as market structures. It explores links between eco-innovation policies and related fields such as industry, competition, and international cooperation. This work builds on an OECD inventory of eco-innovation policies in OECD countries and in China. It also draws on studies of select environment-friendly innovations, highlighting different patterns of development across countries. It also incorporates extensive international consultation on the topics of eco-innovation and green growth. The results from this publication will contribute to the Green Growth Strategy being developed by the OECD as a practical policy package for governments to harness the potential of greener growth. For more information on OECD work on eco-innovation, visit: www.oecd.org/greengrowth www.oecd.org/environment/innovation www.oecd.org/sti/innovation/green
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9789264096875
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Environmental Policy and Household Behaviour
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Politique de l'environnement et comportement des ménages
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Greening household behaviour
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    Keywords: Konsumentenverhalten ; Umweltbewusstsein ; Umweltpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Umweltschutz ; Haushalt ; Privater Verbrauch ; Ressourcenmanagement ; Wirtschaftliches Verhalten ; Environment ; Australien ; Kanada ; Tschechien ; Frankreich ; Italien ; Südkorea ; Mexiko ; Niederlande ; Industriestaaten ; Haushalt ; Privater Verbrauch ; Verbraucherverhalten ; Umweltbelastung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Developing growth strategies that promote greener lifestyles requires a good understanding of what factors affect people’s behaviour towards the environment. Recent OECD work based on periodic surveys of more than 10 000 households across a number of countries and areas represents a breakthrough by providing a common framework to collect unique empirical evidence for better policy design. This publication presents responses from the most recent round of the OECD survey implemented in 2011 in 5 areas (energy, food, transport, waste and water) and 11 countries: Australia, Canada, Chile, France, Israel, Japan, Korea, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland. Analysis comparing the data across countries, policy conditions and households’ characteristics reveals which measures most effectively change behaviour. Each round of the survey also allows to track changes over time and to explore new emerging issues. The new survey confirms the importance of providing the right economic incentives for influencing our decisions. The findings indicate that “soft” measures such as labelling and public information campaigns also have a significant complementary role to play. Spurring desirable behaviour change requires a mix of these instruments. This book is a milestone for all those interested by the challenging question of ways to promote greener behaviour, from policy makers to individual citizens.
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264126633
    Language: English
    Edition: 2011
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Future prospects for industrial biotechnology
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    Keywords: Biotechnologie ; Biotechnologie-Industrie ; OECD-Staaten ; Bioverfahrenstechnik ; Zukunft
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: 2011
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Toujours plus d'inégalité : Pourquoi les écarts de revenus se creusent
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Divided we stand
    DDC: 339.209177
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    Keywords: Einkommensverteilung ; Globalisierung ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Verfügbares Einkommen ; Umverteilung ; OECD-Staaten ; Schwellenländer ; OECD ; Einkommensverteilung ; Ungleichheit
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: 2011
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Health reform
    DDC: 362.1/042
    RVK:
    Keywords: Gesundheitsreform ; Alternde Bevölkerung ; Morbidität ; OECD-Staaten ; Gesundheitswesen ; Reformpolitik ; Multimorbidität ; Altern
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: 2011
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD regional outlook 2011
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regionalpolitik ; Regionales Wachstum ; Regionalentwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Bericht ; OECD ; Regionale Wirtschaftsentwicklung
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: 2011
    Series Statement: Corporate Governance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The role of institutional investors in promoting good corporate governance
    RVK:
    Keywords: Institutioneller Investor ; Corporate Governance ; OECD-Staaten ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Institutioneller Anleger ; Corporate Governance
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: 2011
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Assurer le bien-être des familles
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Doing Better for Families: (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Doing better for families
    DDC: 361.61021
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Familienpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Familienpolitik
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264097759
    Language: English
    Edition: 2011
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Besoin d'aide ? : La prestation de services et le financement de la dépendance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Help wanted?
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ältere Menschen ; Häusliche Pflege ; Pflegeversicherung ; Pflegefinanzierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Finanzierung ; Krankenpflege ; Langzeitbetreuung ; Private Krankenversicherung
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  • 46
    ISBN: 9789264119529
    Language: English
    Edition: 2011
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Corporate governance of state-owned enterprises
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    Keywords: 2005-2010 ; Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Corporate Governance ; OECD-Staaten ; OECD ; Corporate Governance ; Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Geschichte 2005-2012
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: 2011
    Series Statement: OECD Green Growth Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Alimentation et agriculture
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Food and agriculture
    RVK:
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Landwirtschaft ; Ernährungsindustrie ; OECD-Staaten ; Ernährungswirtschaft ; Nachhaltigkeit
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264166820
    Language: English
    Edition: 2011
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Renforcer la productivité et la compétitivité dans le secteur agricole
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Fostering productivity and competitiveness in agriculture
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    Keywords: Landwirtschaft ; Agrarwissenschaft ; Produktivität ; OECD-Staaten ; Landwirtschaft ; Wettbewerbsfähigkeit ; Produktivität
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264119536
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (388 Seiten) , 21 x 28cm
    DDC: 339.209177
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Abstract: In the three decades to the recent economic downturn, wage gaps widened and household income inequality as measured by GINI increased in a large majority of OECD countries. This occurred even when countries were going through a period of sustained economic and employment growth. This report analyses the major underlying forces behind these developments. It examines to which extent economic globalisation, skill-biased technological progress and institutional and regulatory reforms have had an impact on the distribution of earnings. The report further provides evidence of how changes in family formation and household structures have altered household earnings and income inequality. And it documents how tax and benefit systems have changed in the ways they redistribute household incomes. The report discusses which policies are most promising to counter increases in inequalities and how the policy mix can be adjusted when public budgets are under strain. "Analyses rely on simple statistical techniques that are accessible to a large readership... the graphic and charts are of great help to gain a quick visual grasp of the various issues addressed." -Choice
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 50
    ISBN: 9789264119529
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (56 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Corporate governance of state-owned enterprises
    DDC: 658.4/21
    RVK:
    Keywords: 2005-2010 ; Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Corporate Governance ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Corporate Governance ; Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Geschichte 2005-2012
    Abstract: In 2005, OECD published a stocktaking of the corporate governance framework in the Organisation’s member countries. This publication was the basis on which the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises (the “SOE Guidelines”) was developed. It has been widely quoted in academic literature, in official documents and by practitioners. However, the SOE landscape in OECD countries has changed significantly since 2005 and four new countries have become members of the Organisation. This publication provides an update of changes since 2005, organised according to the main sections of the SOE Guidelines: the legal and regulatory framework for SOEs, the state acting as an owner, equitable treatment of shareholders, relations with stakeholders, transparency and disclosure, and the responsibilities of the boards of SOEs.
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264097803
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (316 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Regions and innovation policy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Technologiepolitik ; Region ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Innovationsförderung
    Abstract: Regions and Innovation Policy addresses the needs of national and regional governments for greater clarity on how to strengthen the innovation capacity of regions. The first part of the book examines strategies, policies and governance, explaining why regions matter, what makes smart policy mixes, and multilevel governance. The second part of the book looks at agencies, instruments and country information, showing how agencis can maximize their impact and what policy instruments work. The final chapter provides country-by-country summaries of what countries are doing.
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264119222
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Corporate loss utilisation through aggressive tax planning
    DDC: 658.403
    RVK:
    Keywords: Steuerplanung ; OECD-Staaten ; Taxation ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Steuerplanung
    Abstract: Corporate losses raise compliance risks if aggressive tax planning is used as a means of increasing or accelerating tax relief in ways not intended by the legislator, or to generate artificial losses. This report describes the size of loss carry-forwards, the rules applicable in relation to losses, and identifies the following risk areas: corporate reorganisations, financial instruments and non-arm’s length transfer pricing. After having summarised aggressive tax planning schemes on losses, as well as country detection and response strategies, it offers a number of conclusions and recommendation for tax administration and tax policy officials.
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264086395
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Equal opportunities?
    DDC: 331.62083
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Migranten ; Kinder ; Arbeitsmarkt ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Konferenzschrift ; Einwanderer ; Generation 2 ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: The integration of the children of immigrants – both those born in the host country (the “second generation”) and those who arrived young enough to be educated in the host country – is of growing policy relevance for OECD countries. This group is entering the labour market in ever larger numbers, and their outcomes are often seen as the benchmark for successful integration policy. The labour market integration of the children of immigrants is an area where comparative international knowledge is gradually evolving, but still underdeveloped. Recent work by the OECD has shown that the children of immigrants tend to have lower employment outcomes than the children of natives in most countries. This technical seminar proceedings sheds light on the issues involved in the labour market integration of the children of immigrants, and discusses policy answers and good practices. The seminar was organised jointly by the the EU Commission and the OECD Secretariat in Brussels on 1 and 2 October 2009.
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264048782
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als High-growth enterprises
    RVK:
    Keywords: KMU ; Unternehmenswachstum ; Innovationsmanagement ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Brazil ; Entrepreneurship ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Unternehmensentwicklung ; Wirtschaftsförderung ; Innovationsförderung ; Mittelstandspolitik ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: The spectacular success of several well-known new ventures in technological fields, which in little more than a decade have jumped from the state of start-ups to that of top international businesses, has pointed to innovation as a key factor in the high growth of firms. These high-growth enterprises often drive job creation and innovation, so policy makers are increasingly making such companies a key focus. Specifically, how can government policy foster the creation of more high-growth enterprises; what are the growth factors, and how can they be leveraged; what are the appropriate ways to provide such support? To help answer these questions, this report presents findings from two new research studies: (1) reports from 15 countries (Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland and Tunisia) that provide interesting insights into the operations of and challenges faced by high-growth enterprises; (2) a policy survey by the OECD Working Party on SMEs and Entrepreneurship, which reviewed more than 340 programmes that policy makers in 24 countries have put in place to support the growth of enterprises. Some of this report’s findings may surprise: any firm can be a growth company; growth is almost always a temporary phase; high-growth small firms are funded mostly by debt, not equity. These and many more insights are summarised and analysed, providing policy makers with ideas on how to power growth at the firm level.
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264082106
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Series Statement: Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Greece 2010
    DDC: 331.34
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Griechenland ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Greece ; Griechenland ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Jugendlicher Arbeitnehmer
    Abstract: Improving the performance of youth on the labour market is a crucial challenge in OECD countries facing persistent youth unemployment. Whatever the level of qualification, first experiences on the labour market have a profound influence on later working life. This report on Greece contains a survey of the main barriers to employment for young people, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to improve the transition from school to work, and a set of policy recommendations for further action by the public authorities and social partners. The report is based on the proceedings of a seminar and is published in English only. However, a French translation of the summary and main recommendations has been included in this volume.
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264082120
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Estonia
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarkt ; Sozialpolitik ; Estland ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Estonia ; Estland ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Beschäftigung ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; Sozialpolitik
    Abstract: OECD's comprehensive 2010 review of labour market and social policies in Estonia. It finds that since Estonia regained its independence in 1991, its labour and social policies have been marked by a strong commitment to fiscal prudence, flexible markets, and work incentives. Labour market performance steadily improved during the mid-1990s and beyond, until the advent of the global economic crisis in 2008. Estonia was not well prepared for the slowdown and its economy has been hit especially hard. The downturn has required painful policy adjustments. Today, Estonia’s public social spending remains among the lowest in the OECD; its social programmes support persons in need, but the benefits they receive are usually modest and some of the jobless receive no benefits. However, the country offers one of the world's most generous parental-benefit programmes and has begun to phase in a three-tier pension system.
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264096066 , 9789264079663
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guide pour le développement des politiques de consommation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD Consumer policy toolkit
    RVK:
    Keywords: Verbraucherschutz ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Verbraucherpolitik
    Abstract: The markets for goods and services have undergone significant changes over the past 20 years. Regulatory reform, global markets, new technologies and growth in the role of services in economic activity have driven the changes which, in many instances, have provided significant benefits to consumers. Relatively little attention has been paid to the challenges these developments have posed for consumers. More choice and more complexity in many markets have made it increasingly difficult for them to compare and assess the value of products and services. The challenges for consumers have raised similar challenges for the government authorities responsible for protecting them from unfair commercial practices and fraud. This book examines how markets have evolved and provides insights for improved consumer policy making. It explores, for the first time, how what we have learned through the study of behavioural economics is changing the way policy makers are addressing problems.
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9789264088368
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Tackling inequalities in Brazil, China, India and South Africa
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Einkommensverteilung ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Sozialpolitik ; Brasilien ; China ; Indien ; Südafrika ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Brazil ; China, People’s Republic ; India ; South Africa ; Brasilien ; China ; Indien ; Südafrika ; Beschäftigung ; Einkommensverteilung ; Ungleichheit ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik
    Abstract: Greater integration into the world economy and important policy reforms have resulted in Brazil, China, India and South Africa becoming major actors in the globalisation process, with impressive results in terms of economic growth, social development and poverty reduction. But the benefits of stronger growth have not always been shared equally and income inequality has remained at very high levels. Existing evidence suggests that the evolution of the distribution of income in these four countries is the result of many forces. These include demographic change, migration, unequal access to education, informal employment, existing regulations and their enforcement, social norms and cultural legacy. These forces are often interlinked and reinforce one another. However, as employment is the primary source of income for most households, understanding the impact of labour market outcomes is crucial. This book focuses on the role of growth and employment/unemployment developments in explaining recent income inequality trends in Brazil, China, India and South Africa, and discusses the roles played by labour market and social policies in both shaping and addressing these inequalities. It includes the papers presented at the joint OECD and European Union High-Level Conference on Inequalities in Emerging Economies held in Paris in May 2010. This work is part of OECD’s ongoing dialogue and co-operation with non-member economies around the world.
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  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: 2010
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als High-growth enterprises
    RVK:
    Keywords: KMU ; Unternehmenswachstum ; Innovationsmanagement ; OECD-Staaten ; Entrepreneurship ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Unternehmensentwicklung ; Wirtschaftsförderung ; Innovationsförderung ; Mittelstandspolitik ; Internationaler Vergleich
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264088818
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Optimiser les dépenses de santé
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Value for money in health spending
    RVK:
    Keywords: Gesundheitskosten ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Gesundheitsausgaben ; Reform ; Kostendämpfung
    Abstract: Health spending continues to rise inexorably, growing faster than the economy in most OECD countries. Most of this spending comes from the public purse. Given the recent economic downturn, countries are looking for ways to improve the efficiency of health spending. This publication examines current efforts to improve health care efficiency, including tools that show promise in helping health systems provide the best care for their money, such as pay for performance, co-ordination of care, health technology assessment and clinical guidelines, pharmaceutical re-imbursement and risk-sharing agreements, and information and communication technology.
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264056640
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (130 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Corporate Governance
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transparence et responsabilité ; Guide pour l'État actionnaire
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Accountability and transparency
    RVK:
    Keywords: Corporate Governance ; Öffentliches Unternehmen ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Corporate Governance
    Abstract: Using this Guide will facilitate the practical implementation of the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises in the areas of transparency and accountability. It provides viable policy options and a step-by-step road map on how to address typical difficulties, risks and hurdles that may be encountered. It also provides concrete examples of good practices that can serve as a reference and inspiration. The Guide will help governments, their ownership entities and other stakeholders to evaluate existing practices and support reforms. In most countries, improving transparency and accountability in state-owned enterprises entails a number of complex challenges. Addressing these, with the help of this Guide, is an important step in the process of establishing well-governed and economically sound state-owned enterprises
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  • 62
    Language: English
    Edition: 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les liens entre les politiques agricoles et leurs effets sur l'environnement : Le modèle simplifié d'impact des politiques agroenvironnementales de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Linkages between agricultural policies and environmental effects
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ökologischer Landbau ; Agrarpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Agrarpolitik ; Umweltschutz
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  • 63
    ISBN: 9789264077225
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (278 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'éco-innovation dans l'industrie ; favoriser la croissance verte
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'éco-innovation dans l'industrie : favoriser la croissance verte
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Eco-innovation in industry
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Industrie ; Innovationsmanagement ; Umwelttechnik ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Industrie ; Nachhaltigkeit ; OECD
    Abstract: Eco-innovation will be a key driver of industry efforts to tackle climate change and realise “green growth” in the post-Kyoto era. Eco-innovation calls for faster introduction of breakthrough technologies and for more systemic application of available solutions, including non-technological ones. It also offers opportunities to involve new players, develop new industries and increase competitiveness. Structural change in economies will be imperative in coming decades. This book presents the research and analysis carried out during the first phase of the OECD Project on Sustainable Manufacturing and Eco-innovation. Its aim is to provide benchmarking tools on sustainable manufacturing and to spur eco-innovation through better understanding of innovation mechanisms. It reviews the concepts and forms an analytical framework; analyses the nature and processes of eco-innovation; discusses existing sustainable manufacturing indicators; examines methodologies for measuring eco-innovation; and takes stock of national strategies and policy initiatives for eco-innovation.
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  • 64
    ISBN: 9789282102619
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Round Tables no.146
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Intégration et concurrence entre le transport et les activités logistiques
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Integration and competition between transport and logistics businesses
    RVK:
    Keywords: Frachtschifffahrt ; Schienenverkehr ; Logistikdienstleister ; Fusion ; Wettbewerb ; OECD-Staaten ; Transport ; Seefrachtverkehr ; Schienenverkehr ; Logistikunternehmen ; Unternehmenskooperation ; Wettbewerbsstrategie
    Abstract: Some very large multinational transport and logistics firms have emerged to provide integrated transport services to shippers in the globalised economy. Do these firms escape regulatory oversight from national competition authorities because of their sheer scale? Do they pose additional threats to competition when they merge with or acquire other companies in the supply chain? The Round Table brought competition experts together with researchers on maritime shipping, rail freight and logistics to identify critical competition issues and appropriate regulatory responses. An examination of the strategies of transport and logistics companies reveals that vertical integration can yield efficiencies, but usually reflects a need to improve the use of expensive fixed assets rather than control all parts of the supply chain. This usually explains why shipping lines acquire terminal operators. Horizontal acquisitions, where similar companies serving the same market merge, are more likely to raise competition concerns. Problems are particularly prone to arise at bottleneck infrastructure facilities. The Round Table report provides an economic framework for examining competition in global transport and logistics businesses, discusses the adequacy of the remedies available to regulators when competition is threatened, and explores the role of competition authorities and Transport Ministries in ensuring markets are efficient.
    Note: Enth. 4 Beitr. - Literaturangaben , Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Intégration et concurrence entre le transport et les activités logistiques
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  • 65
    ISBN: 9789264107151 , 9789264077072
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (146 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Insights
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. De la crise à la reprise ; Causes, déroulement et conséquences de la Grande Récession
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. De la crise à la reprise : Causes, déroulement et conséquences de la Grande Récession
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Keeley, Brian From crisis to recovery
    RVK:
    RVK:
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    Keywords: 2008 ; Konjunktur ; OECD-Staaten ; Weltwirtschaft ; Politische Steuerung ; Ursache ; Konsequenz ; Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Erde ; OECD ; Wirtschaftskrise ; Rezession ; Konjunkturaufschwung
    Abstract: How did the sharpest global slowdown in more than six decades happen, and how can recovery be made sustainable? OECD Insights: From Crisis to Recovery traces the causes, course and consequences of the “Great Recession”. It explains how a global build up of liquidity, coupled with poor regulation, created a financial crisis that quickly began to make itself felt in the real economy, destroying businesses and raising unemployment to its highest levels in decades. The worst of the crisis now looks to be over, but a swift return to strong growth appears unlikely and employment will take several years to get back to pre-crisis levels. High levels of public and private debt mean cutbacks and saving are likely to become the main priority, meaning the impact of the recession will continue to be felt for years to come.
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  • 66
    ISBN: 9789264056701
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (84 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'emploi d'après mandat ; Bonnes pratiques en matière de prévention des conflits d'intérêts
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'emploi d'après mandat : Bonnes pratiques en matière de prévention des conflits d'intérêts
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Post-public employment
    RVK:
    Keywords: Öffentlicher Sektor ; Privatwirtschaft ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Verwaltung ; Arbeitnehmer ; Berufliche Mobilität ; Privatwirtschaft
    Abstract: The movement of personnel between employment in the public and private sectors, referred to as the “revolving door” phenomenon, raises particular attention in the context of the response of governments to the financial and economic crisis. This OECD survey of 30 member countries shows that the vast majority of countries have established basic standards for preventing post-public employment conflict of interest. But few have tailored these standards to address risk areas and professions such as regulators or public procurement officials. Enforcing standards and imposing suitable sanctions remains a challenge for many countries. The principles presented in this volume serve as a point of reference for policy makers and managers to review and modernise post-public employment policies. It is part of the pathfinding efforts of the OECD to promote public sector integrity for cleaner, fairer and stronger economies.
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9789264084865
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'obésité et l'économie de la prévention ; Objectif santé
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'obésité et l'économie de la prévention : Objectif santé
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sassi, Franco Obesity and the economics of prevention
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    Keywords: Körpergewicht ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Übergewicht ; Wirtschaftliche Situation ; Prävention ; Fettsucht ; Prävention ; Gesundheitsökonomie
    Abstract: Before 1980, rates were generally well below 10%. They have since doubled or tripled in many countries, and in almost half of the OECD, 50% or more of the population is overweight. A key risk factor for numerous chronic diseases, obesity is a major public health concern. This book contributes to evidence-based policy making by exploring multiple dimensions of the obesity problem. It examines the scale and characteristics of the epidemic, the respective roles and influence of market forces and governments, and the impact of interventions. It outlines an economic approach to the prevention of chronic diseases that provides novel insights relative to a more traditional public health approach. The analysis was undertaken by the OECD, partly in collaboration with the World Health Organization. The main chapters are complemented by special contributions from health and obesity experts, including Marc Suhrcke, Tim Lobstein, Donald Kenkel and Francesco Branca. “a valuable set of results and suggestions about the best preventive interventions to reduce the burden of obesity.” – Julio Frenk, Dean, Harvard School of Public Health “The positive message of this book is that the obesity epidemic can be successfully addressed.” – Ala Alwan, Assistant Director-General, World Health Organization “innovative and well-researched” – Martin McKee, Professor, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine "A timely, valuable volume on a critical issue. Highly recommended."-Choice, July 2011
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  • 68
    ISBN: 9789264087255
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (384 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Regional development policies in OECD countries
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regionalpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Regionalpolitik
    Abstract: Policy makers need both a handy reference guide to the regional policies of their own and other countries and a broader analysis of trends in regional policies, based on sound, comparable information. Regional Policies in OECD Countries responds to this need. It is the first systematic, comparative analysis of OECD countries’ regional policies. The report addresses fundamental regional policy concerns, such as: problem recognition; the objectives of regional policy; the legal/institutional framework; the urban/rural framework; budget structures; and the governance mechanisms linking national and sub-national governments as well as sectors. It begins with an overview of the regional policy today. This is followed by country profiles covering the 31 OECD members. The profiles share a common conceptual framework, allowing countries to see how their experiences measure up. The report also contains several annexes, which cover some of the countries that are candidates for accession to the OECD or with which the OECD has enhanced engagement. The annexes also cover the key topics of cross-border cooperation and trends in urban-rural linkages, especially efforts to control urban sprawl. The report will help countries to better understand regional policies and to formulate and diffuse horizontal policy recommendations. The analysis suggests an important role for regional policies in shaping sustainable endogenous development, in particular well-developed governance mechanisms to better respond to the different opportunities and demands of regions and to improve policy efficiency. This report is a unique source of regional policy information and of special interest to policy makers, researchers, and others engaging with regional development.
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  • 69
    ISBN: 9789264087637
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Taxation, Innovation and the Environment; (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La fiscalité, l'innovation et l'environnement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Taxation, Innovation and the Environment: (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Taxation, innovation and the environment
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ökosteuer ; Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; Emissionshandel ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Taxation ; Umweltabgabe ; Umweltschutz ; Innovation ; Umweltpolitik ; Umweltsteuer ; Innovationsförderung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Solving the world’s environmental problems could take a significant toll on economic growth if only today’s technologies are available. We know that innovation – the creation and adoption of new cleaner technologies and know-how – provides a means to achieve local and global environmental goals at significantly lower costs. Innovation is also a major driver of economic growth. OECD governments are increasingly using environmentally related taxes because they are typically one of the most effective policy tools available. Exploring the relationship between environmentally related taxation and innovation is critical to understanding the full impacts of this policy instrument as well as one potential facet of “green growth.” By putting a price on pollution, do environmentally related taxes spur innovation? What types of innovation result? Does the design of the tax play a critical role? What is the effect of this innovation? In analysing these questions, this report draws on case studies that cover Japan, Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Israel and others. It covers a wide set of environmental issues and technologies, as well as the economic and policy contexts. The research methods range from econometric analysis to interviews with business owners and executives. The report also explores the use of environmentally related taxes in OECD countries and outlines considerations for policymakers when implementing these taxes. Green growth policies can stimulate economic growth while preventing environmental degradation, biodiversity loss and unsustainable natural resource use. The results from this publication will contribute to the Green Growth Strategy being developed by the OECD as a practical policy package for governments to harness the potential of greener growth.
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  • 70
    ISBN: 9789264094901
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Systèmes de santé ; efficacité et politiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Systèmes de santé : efficacité et politiques
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Health care systems
    RVK:
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsökonomik ; Gesundheitspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitspolitik
    Abstract: People in OECD countries are healthier than ever before, as shown by longer life expectancy and lower mortality for diseases such as cancer. At the same time, total spending on health care now absorbs over 9% of GDP on average in the OECD. Achieving value for money in the health care sector is an important objective in all OECD countries. The book takes an in-depth look at health care in OECD countries today. What is the status of people’s health? How do we measure health outcomes? How do we assess the efficiency of health care systems? How are health policies and institutions linked with the performance of health care systems? The chapters explore the answers to such questions. They cover: trends in health care outcomes and spending; ways of assessing efficiency; new indicators of health care policies and institutions; and the characteristics and performance of health care systems.
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  • 71
    ISBN: 9789264095830
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Open for business
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    RVK:
    Keywords: Unternehmer ; Unternehmensgründung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Industry and Services ; Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Entrepreneurship ; Einwanderer ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Migrants contribute to the economic growth of their host countries in many ways, bringing new skills and competencies with them and helping to reduce labour shortages. An aspect that has received only limited attention up to now is migrants’ contribution to entrepreneurial activity and employment creation in their host countries. In OECD countries, entrepreneurship is slightly higher among immigrants than natives and the total number of persons employed in migrant businesses is substantial, although the survival rate of these businesses is often lower than that of their native counterparts. Migrant entrepreneurship has gone beyond traditional ethnic businesses, into a wide range of sectors and innovative areas. Greater knowledge of migrant entrepreneurship is essential if policy makers are to better support migrant enterprises and their role in economic growth and job creation. In addition, increasing awareness of the positive role that migrants can play as entrepreneurs could contribute to a more balanced public debate on immigration. Taking a cross-country perspective, this publication sheds light on these issues and more, discussing policy options to foster the development and success of migrant businesses. It is a compilation of papers presented at a June 2010 conference organised by the OECD Secretariat, with the financial support of the Swedish and Turkish authorities, and the Dutch-Turkish Businessmen Association (HOTIAD).
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264076907
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (242 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les dépenses fiscales dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. OECD Tax expenditures in OECD countries
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Steuervergünstigung ; OECD-Staaten ; Tax expenditures OECD countries ; Governance ; Taxation ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Steuervergünstigung ; Steuerbefreiung ; Steuerpolitik ; Effizienz
    Abstract: In all OECD countries, governments collect revenues through taxes and redistribute this public money, often by obligatory spending on social programmes such as education or health care. Their tax systems usually include “tax expenditures” – provisions that allow certain groups of people, such as small businessmen, retired people or working mothers, or those who have undertaken certain activities, such as charitable donations, to pay less in taxes. The use of tax expenditures by governments is pervasive and growing. At a time when many government budgets are threatened by population ageing and adverse cyclical developments, there is a pressing need to avoid inefficient government programmes, some of which may utilise tax expenditures. This book sheds light on the use of tax expenditures, mainly through a study of ten OECD countries: Canada, France, Germany, Japan, Korea, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States. This book will help government officials and the public better understand some of the technical and policy issues behind the use of tax expenditures. It highlights key trends and successful practices, and addresses a broad range of government finance issues, including tax policy making, tax and budget efficiency, fiscal responsibility and rule making.
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Les dépenses fiscales dans les pays de l'OCDE
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  • 73
    ISBN: 9789264091320
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Tax Policy Studies no.19
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Cebreiro, Ana Choosing a broad base - low rate approach to taxation
    RVK:
    Keywords: Steuerreform ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Steuervergünstigung ; OECD-Staaten ; Taxation ; Steuerpolitik ; Öffentlicher Haushalt ; Konsolidierung ; Steuerreform ; Besteuerungsgrundlage ; Steuersatz ; Bemessung
    Abstract: Many countries will likely face the need to increase tax revenues, as part of fiscal consolidation, during the next few years. But how is this best done? And what are the considerations when choosing between raising tax rates and broadening the tax base by scaling back or abolishing targeted tax provisions (such as allowances, exemptions and preferential rates)? This report aims to answer such questions by taking a close look at the economic and political factors that influence governments’ tax decisions. Although many countries have broadened their tax bases over the past 30 years, targeted tax provisions, notably tax expenditures, continue to be significant. Like public expenditure, targeted tax reliefs mean that (other) tax rates need to be higher in order to finance these reliefs. This report therefore discusses whether such tax provisions continue to be worthwhile. It includes an annex covering country-specific revenue forgone estimates of tax expenditures for selected OECD countries. This report also identifies political factors, including the lobbying of influential interest groups, as the main obstacles to base-broadening reforms, and it considers how reforms can be best packaged and presented to overcome such obstacles.
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  • 74
    ISBN: 9789264087095
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principes de l'OCDE sur la réglementation des pensions professionnelles ; Méthodologie pour l'évaluation et la mise en œuvre
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principes de l'OCDE sur la réglementation des pensions professionnelles : Méthodologie pour l'évaluation et la mise en œuvre
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD principles of occupational pension regulation
    RVK:
    Keywords: Betriebliche Altersversorgung ; Regulierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Betriebliche Altersversorgung ; OECD ; Evaluation
    Abstract: Occupational pensions play a major role in OECD countries and worldwide, complementing retirement income from state sources. At the end of 2009, private pension savings reached USD 25 trillion. Population ageing has led many OECD countries to undertake a wide range of pension reforms – the overall effect of which has been to reduce public pension promises and, in turn, to increase the importance of private pension savings for retirement. The Core Principles cover seven key areas: i) Conditions for effective regulation and supervision; ; ii) Establishment of pension plans, pension funds, and pension fund managing companies; iii) Pension plan liabilities, funding rules, winding up, and insurance; iv) Asset Management; v) Rights of members and beneficiaries and adequacy of benefits; vi) Governance; and vii) Supervision. Each of the seven core principles consists of a main text and a set of implementing guidelines. In the case of the core principle of supervision, the supporting guidelines integrate the IOPS Principles of Private Pension Supervision. The Methodology provides a structured approach for evaluating a jurisdiction’s occupational pension regulatory system in relation to the OECD Core Principles of Occupational Pension Regulation.
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  • 75
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264083967
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Strategies to improve rural service delivery
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ländlicher Raum ; Dienstleistungssektor ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Ländlicher Raum ; Dienstleistungssektor
    Abstract: The service sector, in aggregate, now dominates total employment and value-added in OECD countries, accounting for more than 70% of these two measures, and continues to increase in importance. While services may play a slightly smaller role in rural regions than in urban areas, they are the dominant component of the rural economy. It is clear that a vibrant service sector is both vital for a prosperous local economy and crucial for meeting the needs of rural citizens.  This book provides an overview of the underlying problems in delivering services to rural regions.  It contains a conceptual structure for thinking about rural service delivery problems and a strategy for thinking about the role of government in service delivery, as well as a discussion of the role that innovation and public management tools like co-design and co-delivery can play in designing better service delivery approaches.  Also included are examples of different, successful policy strategies drawn from OECD countries.   Also available The New Rural Paradigm: Policies and Governance (2006) OECD Rural Policy Reviews: Germany (2007) OECD Rural Policy Reviews: Mexico (2007) OECD Rural Policy Reviews: Finland (2008) OECD Rural Policy Reviews: The Netherlands (2008) OECD Rural Policy Reviews: China (2009) OECD Rural Policy Reviews: Italy (2009) OECD Rural Policy Reviews: Spain (2009)   OECD Rural Policy Reviews: Québec, Canada (forthcoming)  
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  • 76
    ISBN: 9789264088689
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Addressing tax risks involving bank losses
    RVK:
    Keywords: Bank ; Unternehmensbesteuerung ; Verlust ; OECD-Staaten ; Taxation ; Finanzkrise ; Bank ; Verlustrealisation ; Steuerwirkung
    Abstract: The financial and economic crisis had a devastating impact on bank profits, with loss-making banks reporting global commercial losses of around USD 400 billion in 2008. This comprehensive report sets the market context for bank losses and provides an overview of the tax treatment of such losses in 17 OECD countries; describes the tax risks that arise in relation to bank losses from the perspective of both banks and revenue bodies; outlines the incentives that give rise to those risks; and describes the tools revenue bodies have to manage these potential compliance risks. It concludes with recommendations for revenue bodies and for banks on how risks involving bank losses can best be managed and reduced.
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  • 77
    ISBN: 9789264090231
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La transition vers une économie sobre en carbone ; objectifs publics et pratiques des entreprises
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La transition vers une économie sobre en carbone : objectifs publics et pratiques des entreprises
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Transition to a low-carbon economy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Umweltmanagement ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Umweltbezogenes Management ; Klimaänderung
    Abstract: Companies are increasingly aware of the need to address climate change. However, while many companies are taking action to address climate change, many others are still lagging behind. This report surveys responsible business practices addressing climate change and driving the shift to a low-carbon economy. It summarises policies, regulations and other instruments in support of a low carbon economy in OECD countries and emerging economies, and analyses corporate responses to these drivers. Using the principles of responsible business conduct identified in the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises, this report reviews three key areas of corporate action: accounting for greenhouse gas emissions; achieving emissions reductions; and engaging suppliers, consumers and other stakeholders.
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264091085
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (154 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Tax Policy Studies no.20
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Tax policy reform and economic growth
    RVK:
    Keywords: Steuerpolitik ; Steuerreform ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; OECD-Staaten ; Taxation ; Steuer ; Steuerpolitik ; Wirtschaftswachstum
    Abstract: In the wake of the recent financial and economic crisis, many OECD countries face the challenge of restoring public finances while still supporting growth. This report investigates how tax structures can best be designed to support GDP per capita growth. The analysis suggests a tax and economic growth ranking order according to which corporate taxes are the most harmful type of tax for economic growth, followed by personal income taxes and then consumption taxes, with recurrent taxes on immovable property being the least harmful tax. Growth-oriented tax reform measures include tax base broadening and a reduction in the top marginal personal income tax rates. Some degree of support for R&D through the tax system may help to increase private spending on innovation. But implementing pro-growth tax reforms may not be easy. This report identifies those public and political economy tax reform strategies that will allow policy makers to reconcile differing tax policy objectives and overcome obstacles to reform. It stresses that with clear vision, strong leadership and solid tax policy analysis, growth-oriented tax reform can indeed be realised.
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9789264094635
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD The impacts of nanotechnology on companies
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    Keywords: Nanotechnologie ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Technologiepolitik ; Innovationsmanagement ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Nanotechnologie ; Markt ; Wirtschaftswachstum
    Abstract: Nanotechnology has its origin in the converging abilities of physics, chemistry and materials science. Its purpose is the manipulation of atoms and molecules in order to create new properties of materials and systems for a wide variety of applications in a very broad range of sectors. Nanotechnology is forecast to create large markets and many new jobs and may be the springboard for industrial renewal and long-term growth. Governments around the world have targeted this emerging technology in their R&D investments and are strategising about the best ways to promote the responsible development and use of nanotechnology given the absence of any in-depth analysis of its commercialisation. What are the potential economic impacts of nanotechnology, how are companies using nanotechnology for innovation, and what are the key challenges in its commercialisation? These are some of the issues that this book addresses, based on a large number of company case studies in several countries.
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  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264083608
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le prix de l'eau et des services d'eau potable et d'assainissement
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Pricing water resources and water and sanitation services
    DDC: 338.43628109177
    RVK:
    Keywords: Wasserversorgung ; Wasserpreis ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Wasserwirtschaft ; Wasserpreis ; OECD
    Abstract: In both OECD and non-OECD countries the water sector is facing the challenges of increased competition for water resources, deteriorating water quality, and the effects of climate change and poor management. In this context, how can countries ensure access to adequate, sustainable and affordable water and sanitation services for all? Pricing water-related services is an essential part of the answer. This report compiles reliable and comparable data on pricing water and on water supply and sanitation services across OECD countries. It sheds additional light on such policy issues as the choice of tariff structures for water services, cost recovery for water services and affordability.
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264079267
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (286 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Israel
    DDC: 331.12095694
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarkt ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik ; Israel ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Israel ; Israel ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Beschäftigungsentwicklung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer ; Minderheitenfrage ; Armut
    Abstract: This 2009 review of Israeli labour market and social policy finds that Israel has enjoyed strong economic growth over the last decade, but the benefits of this are being distributed unevenly. Poverty rates are higher than in any OECD country, which reflects the deep social and economic divides in Israeli society. On one side, there is the general Jewish population with poverty and employment rates similar to those of OECD countries. On the other, there are Arabs and ultra-Orthodox Jews, or Haredim, who have large families, poor educational outcomes and low employment rates. As a result, just over half of Arab and Haredi families live in poverty. Almost half of all children entering primary school in Israel come from one of these two groups, so profound policy changes are needed to prevent future generations of Arabs and Haredim from being scarred by the disadvantages these population groups face today. Tackling the root causes of such deep inequality would greatly enhance the dynamism of the Israeli economy. Greater investment to help workers improve their skills is urgently needed. Welfare-to-work programmes need to be restructured and extended, including by reducing child benefits paid to families who are able to work but do not and by sharply increasing the Earned Income Tax Credit to tackle in-work poverty more effectively. And access to means-tested income supports for the neediest should be improved. Israel has failed to enforce many aspects of its labour legislation, contributing to poor employment conditions for many resident, cross-border and foreign low-income workers. Rules to overcome discrimination against all workers need to be enforced, and the illegal hiring and employment of temporary foreign workers need to be stamped out. Progress has been made in many of these areas. New legislation and initiatives have been introduced. The challenge is how to make reform work in practice. The consequences of not doing so would be devastating.
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  • 82
    ISBN: 9789264083530
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (496 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Clark, Greg, - 1962- Organising local economic development
    RVK:
    Keywords: Wirtschaftsförderung ; Regionalentwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; OECD ; Regionale Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Abstract: Development processes occur within a wider geographical area than local government, and in some cases encompass a broader scope than provincial or national governments. Thus substantial inter-governmental co-operation and public-private partnership are needed. This book identifies how development agencies and companies work, what they do and what constitutes success and value added. It explores international practices in a variety of locations and contexts, and defines both the success factors and the challenges associated with economic development agencies and companies.
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9789264064843
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (118 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les unités consacrées aux partenariats public-privé ; Une étude des structures institutionnelles et de gouvernance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dedicated public-private partnership units
    RVK:
    Keywords: Öffentlich-private Partnerschaft ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; OECD ; Public Private Partnership
    Abstract: Dedicated public-private partnership (PPP) units are organisations set up with full or partial aid of the government to ensure that the skills needed to handle third-party provision of goods and services are made available and clustered together within government. Such units enhance the capacity of government to successfully manage the risks associated with a growing number and value of PPPs. Although a relatively recent phenomenon, in 2009 more than half of all OECD countries reported the existence of a dedicated unit of some kind. This book provides an overview of dedicated PPP units in OECD countries, including case studies covering: the State of Victoria (Australia), Germany, Korea, South Africa (an OECD enhanced engagement country), and the United Kingdom. It examines the functions and locations of dedicated PPP units, the role they play in the procurement process and the lessons learned for other countries that have already established or are considering establishing a dedicated PPP unit. Further reading Public-Private Partnerships: In Pursuit of Risk Sharing and Value for Money (OECD, 2008)
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264075160
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Series Statement: Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Denmark 2010
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Dänemark ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Denmark ; Dänemark ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Jugendlicher Arbeitnehmer
    Abstract: This report contains - for Denmark - a survey of the main barriers to employment for young people, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to improve the transition from school-to-work, and a set of policy recommendations for further action by the public authorities and social partners. The report is based on the proceedings of a seminar and is published in English only. However, a French translation of the summary and main recommendations has been included in this volume.
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264086845
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (118 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Lignes directrices pour des mesures agroenvironnementales efficaces
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Guidelines for cost-effective agri-environmental policy measures
    RVK:
    Keywords: Landwirtschaft ; Umweltpolitik ; Ökologischer Landbau ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Agrarpolitik ; Biologischer Landbau
    Abstract: Improving the environmental performance of agriculture is a high priority in OECD and many non-OECD countries. This will be of increasing concern in the future given the pressure to feed a growing world population with scarce land and water resources. Policy has an important role to play where markets for many of the environmental outcomes from agriculture are absent or poorly functioning. This study focuses on the design and implementation of environmental standards and regulations, taxes, payments and tradable permit schemes to address agri-environmental issues. It deals with the choice of policy instruments and the design of specific instruments, with the aim of identifying those that are most cost-effective in very different situations across OECD countries. Key conclusions from the study are that: there is no unique instrument that promises to achieve all agri-environmental policy goals; the cost effectiveness of payments systems could be improved by using performance-based measures; and policy mixes need to combine policy instruments that complement and not conflict with each other.
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9789264095700
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les liens entre les politiques agricoles et leurs effets sur l'environnement ; Le modèle simplifié d'impact des politiques agroenvironnementales de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Linkages between agricultural policies and environmental effects
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ökologischer Landbau ; Agrarpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; OECD ; Agrarpolitik ; Umweltschutz
    Abstract: Improving the environmental performance of agriculture is a high priority for OECD countries. But measuring and evaluating the impact of agri-environmental policies on the environment can be challenging, as it requires linking economic and biophysical models in country-specific contexts. The OECD has developed the Stylised Agri-environmental Policy Impact Model (SAPIM), which can be adapted and applied by researchers and policy makers to better understand the impact of policies on the agri-environment conditions in their countries. This report applies the model to representative farms in Finland, Japan, Switzerland and the United States. These countries include a wide range of objectives, policy measures and agri-environmental conditions. The results highlight that when positive or negative environmental externalities are not taken into account by farmers then the production choices by farmers will reflect private costs and benefits. Policies can potentially raise social welfare by taking account of those externalities. This report notes that, overall, the diversity of conditions across sectors and countries makes it difficult to generalise the impact of agri-environmental policies beyond the situations that are modeled. Nevertheless, some wider policy messages emerge. Drawing on the four case studies examined, this report recommends that; polluting activites that are not regulated should be included in policy design; the existing overall policy environment needs to be taken into account in evaluating agri-environmental policies; and environmental co-benefits and trade-offs need to be recognised. Green growth policies can stimulate economic growth while preventing environmental degradation, biodiversity loss and unsustainable natural resource use. The results from this publication contribute to the Green Growth Strategy being developed by the OECD as a practical policy package for governments to harness the potential of greener growth.
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264079915 , 9789264107175
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Insights
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les pêcheries ; Jusqu'à l'épuisement des stocks ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les pêcheries : Jusqu'à l'épuisement des stocks ?
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Love, Patrick Fisheries
    RVK:
    Keywords: Fischwirtschaft ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Economics ; Fischerei ; Fischbestand ; Fischverarbeitung ; Fischhandel ; Ressourcenmanagement ; Weltpolitik
    Abstract: The fish on your plate may have been caught by a high-tech trawler, trapped by a lone fisher, farmed along with tons of others, or even stolen by pirates. It may have been captured in the South Atlantic, landed in Europe, and processed in China. Globalisation, North-South relations, changing attitudes and lifestyles, and the way we manage natural resources all influence fisheries. This book uses the expertise of the OECD to assess these issues, and describes the challenges facing those who work in the industry. Apart from the fishers themselves and their families, it also draws on the points of view of NGOs, government specialists, scientists and independent experts. This book includes StatLinks, URLs under graphs and tables linking to Excel® spreadsheets showing the underlying data "We at International Aquafeed would recommend this to anyone involved in marine fishing and even to those in aquaculture to and aqua policy development as a foundation document for future decision-making. Well done Patrick Love." -The Aquaculturists Blog
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264080355
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (226 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Series Statement: OECD innovation strategy
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. SMEs, entrepreneurship and innovation
    RVK:
    Keywords: KMU ; Innovation ; Unternehmer ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Innovation ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Small firms are playing an ever-increasing role in innovation, driven by changes in technologies and markets. Some spin-offs and high growth firms are having remarkable success. However, the broad bulk of small firms are not capitalising on their advantages. This book explores how government policy can boost innovation by improving the environment for entrepreneurship and small firm development and increasing the innovative capacities of enterprises. Policy findings and recommendations are presented in three key areas: embedding firms in knowledge flows; developing entrepreneurship skills; and social entrepreneurship. In addition, country notes present statistics and policy data on SMEs, entrepreneurship and innovation for 40 economies, including OECD countries, Brazil, China, Estonia, Indonesia, Israel, the Russian Federation, Slovenia and South Africa. SMEs, Entrepreneurship and Innovation is part of the OECD Innovation Strategy, a comprehensive policy strategy to harness innovation for stronger and more sustainable growth and development, and to address the key global challenges of the 21st century.
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264084612
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Améliorer l'efficacité du secteur de la santé ; Le rôle des technologies de l'information et des communications
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Améliorer l'efficacité du secteur de la santé : Le rôle des technologies de l'information et des communications
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Improving health sector efficiency
    RVK:
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Informationstechnik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Gesundheitswesen ; Informationstechnik ; Effizienzsteigerung
    Abstract: Despite the promise they hold out, implementing information and communication technologies (ICTs) in clinical care has proven to be a very difficult undertaking. More than a decade of efforts provide a picture of significant public investments, resulting in both notable successes and some highly publicised costly delays and failures. This has been accompanied by a failure to achieve widespread understanding among the general public and the medical profession of the benefits of electronic record keeping and information exchange. With consistent cross-country information on these issues largely absent, the OECD has used lessons learned from case studies in Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and the United States to identify the opportunities offered by ICTs and to analyse under what conditions these technologies are most likely to result in efficiency and quality-of-care improvements. The findings highlight a number of practices or approaches that could usefully be employed in efforts to improve and accelerate the adoption and use of these technologies.
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264059474
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mesurer l'innovation ; Un nouveau regard
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measuring innovation
    DDC: 338.064
    RVK:
    Keywords: Innovation ; Innovationsmanagement ; Education ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; OECD*Innovation*Messverfahren*Indikator*Forschungsbericht*Globalisierung*Bildungsabschluss*Mobilität*Bildungspolitik*Neue Technologien*Kooperation*Regierung*Interdisziplinarität*öffentliche Trägerschaft*Private Trägerschaft*Welt*Europa*Asien*Australien*Afrika*Nordamerika*Südamerika ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Innovation ; Unternehmen ; Innovationsmanagement
    Abstract: Measuring Innovation: A New Perspective presents new measures and new ways of looking at traditional indicators. It builds on 50 years of indicator development by OECD and goes beyond R&D to describe the broader context in which innovation occurs. It includes some experimental indicators that provide insight into new areas of policy interest. It highlights measurement gaps and proposes directions for advancing the measurement agenda. This publication begins by describing innovation today. It looks at what is driving innovation in firms, and how the scientific and research landscape is being reconfigured by convergence, interdisciplinarity and the new geography of innovation hot spots. It presents broader measures of innovation, for example using new indicators of investment in intangible assets and trademarks. Human capital is the basic input of innovation, and a series of indicators looks at how well education systems are contributing to the knowledge and research bases. Further series examine how firms transform skills and knowledge, and shed light on the different roles of public and private investment in fostering innovation and reaping its rewards, with concrete examples from major global challenges such as health and climate change. Measuring Innovation is a major step towards evidence-based innovation policy making. It complements traditional “positioning”-type indicators with ones that show how innovation is, or could be, linked to policy. It also recognises that much more remains to be done, and points to the measurement challenges statisticians, researchers and policy makers alike need to address.
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264086449
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (114 p.)
    Series Statement: Value for Money in Government
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Public administration after "New Public Management"
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regierung ; Öffentlicher Dienst ; Öffentliche Verwaltung ; Neues Steuerungsmodell ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Öffentliches Unternehmen ; Management ; Verwaltung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Public administration has entered a new age. In the 1980s, “less” government was the prevailing idea; in the 1990s and early 21st century, “New Public Management” was the dominant theme. Today, public administration is moving in new directions. Reforms are focusing on the quality of services for citizens and businesses and on the efficiency of administration (the “back office” of government). The OECD is studying these new trends in a multi-annual, cross-country project called “Value for Money in Government”. This is the first report in a new OECD series on the topic. The book examines four themes in nine OECD countries: the development of shared service centres, the steering and control of agencies, automatic productivity cuts, and spending review procedures. In addition, it contains a quantitative analysis of the size of employment in central government. The countries studied are Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Ireland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Sweden and the United Kingdom. The book pays particular attention to the case of the Netherlands, the country that first proposed an OECD study on value for money in government.
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264060098
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (190 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Promoting consumer education
    DDC: 381.33
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Verbraucherpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Verbrauchererziehung ; Verbraucherschutz ; Internationaler Vergleich ; OECD
    Abstract: Consumers today are challenged by growing amounts of information and wider choices of products, requiring them to develop skills and knowledge for making good choices in complex markets. This publication examines the approaches that governments use to promote consumer education in OECD and some non-OECD countries, highlighting the policies and measures that have been particularly effective. It also analyses recent trends, the role of stakeholders, steps being taken to evaluate the effectiveness of current programmes and the principal challenges.
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264076808
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Pharmacogenetics
    RVK:
    Keywords: Pharmakologie ; Gesundheitsökonomik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Pharmakogenetik ; Innovation ; Gesundheitspolitik
    Abstract: Pharmacogenetics helps us understand the relationship between an individual’s genetic make-up and the way medicines work for each person. This book reviews the use of pharmacogenetics across all stages of the health innovation cycle from research through to uptake by doctors and patients. It focuses on how to optimise the use of pharmacogenetics to deliver effective innovations for public health, and design policies that enhance their economic and social benefits. The book argues for large-scale studies to validate the biomarkers that underpin pharmacogenetics and policies to share the cost and risk of using pharmacogenetics to improve the use of existing medicines. Governments and others need to align regulatory, reimbursement and other incentives and work with industry to measure better the impacts of pharmacogenetics. Health systems need to take positive steps to adapt to the use of pharmacogenetics and ensure that health professionals receive adequate training.
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264039469
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Régions et croissance ; Une analyse des tendances
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als How regions grow
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regionales Wachstum ; OECD-Staaten ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; OECD ; Regionale Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Abstract: Regional differences within OECD countries are often greater than those between countries and much inequality remains. This report explores what generates growth at the regional level. Based on in-depth econometric modelling and analyses, this report reframes the debate on regional policy and development, emphasising that opportunities for growth exist in all regions.
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264061958
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (210 p.)
    Series Statement: Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Des emplois pour les jeunes/Jobs for Youth; France 2009
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als France
    RVK:
    Keywords: Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Jugendarbeitslosigkeit ; Frankreich ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; France ; Frankreich ; Jugendarbeitslosigkeit ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik
    Abstract: First experiences on the labour market have a profound influence on later working life. This report on France contains a survey of the main barriers to employment for young people, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to improve the transition from school-to-work, and a set of policy recommendations for further action by the public authorities and social partners.
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264060616
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (183 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Adema, Willem Chile
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarkt ; Armut ; Einkommensverteilung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik ; Altersvorsorge ; Chile ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Chile ; Chile ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Sozialpolitik
    Abstract: This report analyses in detail the implications of recent developments in Chile's labour market and social policy and considers the available policy options from the perspective of OECD countries’ experience. The report finds that Chile has enjoyed rising living standards over two decades of strong economic growth. The incidence of poverty is now much lower and there is better access to adequate housing, education and healthcare. Nevertheless, Chile’s income distribution remains disturbingly unequal by OECD standards. This is partly due to Chile’s a relatively low employment rate, especially for women, but it also reflects a segmented labour market, where much of the recent job creation has occurred in relatively low-productive sectors. Moreover, despite the existence of an internationally renowned pension programme, Chile’s social protection system as a whole has still a relatively long way to go before reaching the standards of developed countries in terms of effective coverage and capacity to assist needy households. Chilean policy makers have begun to develop and implement a series of ambitious reforms, intended to promote the twin goals of work and equity.
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  • 97
    ISBN: 9789264056015
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (250 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: West African Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les enjeux régionaux des migrations ouest-africaines ; Perspectives africaines et européennes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Trémolières, Marie Regional challenges of West African migration
    DDC: 325/.266
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Economic Community of West African States ; Internationale Migration ; Westafrika ; Internationale Migration ; Zuwanderer ; Repatriierung ; Migrationspolitik ; Freizügigkeit ; Internationale Organisation ; Politik ; Fallstudie ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Westafrika ; Europa ; Maghreb ; Mauretanien ; Senegal ; Westafrika ; Flüchtling
    Abstract: This publication presents contributions by international experts on various aspects of West African migration. It provides a contrasting perspective to current debates which essentially focus on security issues. This rather non-institutional approach promotes a constant dialogue based on analyses of the actual situation: the authors encourage "win-win" mobility for all parties involved (Europe, North Africa and West Africa), whether it be a host, transit or departure country.
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264107113 , 9789264055780
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Insights
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les migrations internationales ; Le visage humain de la mondialisation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Internationale Migration; Die menschliche Seite der Globalisierung
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Keeley, Brian International migration
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: OECD ; Internationale Migration ; Welt ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Internationale Migration ; Geschichte ; Globalisierung ; Bedeutung ; Rolle ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Einwanderer ; Überweisung ; Braindrain ; Wirtschaftsindikator ; Sozialer Indikator ; Entwicklung ; Tendenz ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Entwicklungsländer ; OECD ; Internationale Migration ; Globalisierung
    Abstract: About 190 million people around the world live outside their country of birth. These migrants bring energy, entrepreneurship and fresh ideas to our societies. But there are downsides: young migrants who fail in education, adults who don’t find work and, of course, unregulated migration. Such challenges can make migration a political lightning rod and a topic for angry debate. Drawing on the unique expertise of the OECD,this book moves beyond rhetoric to look at the realities of international migration today: Where do migrants come from and where do they go? How do governments manage migration? How well do migrants perform in education and in the workforce? And does migration help – or hinder – developing countries?
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  • 99
    ISBN: 9789264060203
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Series Statement: Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Australia
    DDC: 331.3/40994
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Australien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia ; Australien ; Jugendlicher Arbeitnehmer ; Arbeitsmarkt
    Abstract: Whatever the level of qualification, first experiences on the labour market have a profound influence on later working life. Getting off to a good start facilitates integration and lays the foundation for a good career, while a failure can be difficult to make up. This report contains - for Australia - a survey of the main barriers to employment for young people, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to improve the transition from school-to-work, as well as a set of policy recommendations for further action.
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  • 100
    ISBN: 9789264068476
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (233 p.) , ill.
    Edition: Second edition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mesure du capital - Manuel de l'OCDE 2009 ; Deuxième édition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Medición del capital - Manual OCDE 2009 ; Segunda edición
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La mesure du capital - Manuel de l'OCDE 2009 : Deuxième édition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Medición del capital - Manual OCDE 2009 : Segunda edición
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measuring capital
    RVK:
    Keywords: Kapitalstock ; Messung ; OECD-Staaten ; Economics ; Kapitalbildung ; Kapitalvermögen ; Kapitalertrag ; Messung
    Abstract: Capital - in particular of the physical sort - plays several roles in economic life: it constitutes wealth and it it provides services in production processes. Capital is invested, disinvested and it depreciates and becomes obsolescent and there is a question how to measure all these dimensions of capital in industry and national accounts. This revised Capital Manual is a comprehensive guide to the approaches toward capital measurement. It gives statisticians, researchers and analysts practical advice while providing theoretical background and an overview of the relevant literature. The manual comes in three parts - a first part with a non-technical description with the main concepts and steps involved in measuring capital; a second part directed at implementation and a third part outlining theory and a more complete mathematical formulation of the measurement process.
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