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  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (9)
  • Berlin  (1)
  • Employment  (10)
  • Sociology  (10)
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  • 1
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (227 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2021
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Integration ; Geschlecht ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Migration ; Migration ; Integration ; Gender ; Employment ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Hochschulschrift
    Abstract: Weltweit migrieren Männer und Frauen, ihre Arbeitsmarktintegration ist jedoch grundsätzlich verschieden. Erklärungen hierfür sind bislang unzureichend. Daher entwickelt diese Dissertation ein Konzept zu Migration, Geschlecht und Erwerbstätigkeit, dessen Kernargument ist, dass sich Geschlechterunterschiede über die Immigration reproduzieren. Die Papiere der Dissertation testen drei Mechanismen, die diesen Prozess bedingen können. Im ersten Papier betrachtet diese Dissertation die folgende Frage: Wie wirken sich Dynamiken in den Migrationsentscheidungen von Paaren auf deren Erwerbstätigkeit aus? Das Papier diskutiert diese Frage im Licht der tied migration theory. Zur empirischen Analyse zieht das Papier Daten des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) heran. Es zeigt sich, dass Männer, die die treibende Kraft der Entscheidung waren, nach Migration beruflich erfolgreicher sind als Männer, deren Partnerin die Entscheidung traf. Das zweite Papier fragt: Wie entwickelt sich die Zeit, die Frauen und Männer auf Hausarbeit verwenden, über den Migrationsprozess? Hierfür bezieht sich das Papier theoretisch auf Neoklassische Theorie und Verhandlungstheorie sowie auf Ideen der Geschlechterkonstruktion und integriert migrationsspezifische Aspekte. Für die Analysen verwendet das Papier Daten des SOEP und Angaben zur Zeitverwendung. Die Resultate des Papiers zeigen, dass die Hausarbeit für Männer und Frauen nach Migration stark ansteigt, jedoch nur kurzfristig. Im dritten Papier betrachtet diese Dissertation die Sozialisierung von Migrantinnen. Das Papier fragt: Wie beeinflusst die Sozialisierung von Migrantinnen ihre Erwerbstätigkeit? Die theoretische Herleitung des Papiers beruht auf der Sozialisationstheorie, die Analysen beruhen auf Daten des SOEP. Das Papier schlussfolgert, dass die Sozialisierungsanstrengungen von Müttern gesellschaftliche Effekte abfedern können. Zusammenfassend verdeutlicht diese Dissertation die Bedeutung von geschlechtsspezifischer Integrationsforschung.
    Abstract: Women and men are on the move, yet their employment experiences after migration differ. To date, evidence on underlying reasons is scarce. Hence, this dissertation develops a framework for understanding migration, gender, and employment. This framework argues that gender inequalities are reinforced across migration. In its empirical chapters, this dissertations tests three mechanisms hypothesized to drive this process. This dissertation’s first paper addresses the following question: How do dynamics in couples’ decision to migrate impact the employment of migrant women and men? Theoretically, this puzzle is discussed with regard to tied migration theory. Empirically, the paper analyzes data on couples’ migration decisions from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP). The results show that migrant men who drove decisions are vocationally more successful after migration than men whose partners initiated migration. The second paper of this dissertation asks: How does migration impact the time spent on domestic work of immigrant women and men? Therefore, the paper draws on theoretical notions of Neoclassical Economic and Bargaining Theory, ideas of Gender Construction, and integrates migration-specific aspects. For its analyses, the paper uses SOEP data and couples’ time use. The results of this paper indicate that the time spent on domestic work increases drastically for migrant women and men after migration, yet only in the short-term. The third empirical paper of this dissertation looks at female migrants’ socialization. It asks: How does adolescent socialization impact the employment of immigrant women? The paper’s hypotheses are based on Socialization Theory, it bases its analyses on SOEP data. The paper concludes that mothers and their socialization efforts can buffer societal impacts. Overall, this dissertation emphasizes the significance of gendered integration research and the necessity to further explore the differential employment of migrant women and men.
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264288041
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (154 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Catching up?
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    Keywords: Intergenerationenmobilität ; Migranten ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Previous OECD and EU work has shown that even native-born children with immigrant parents face persistent disadvantage in the education system, the school-to-work transition, and the labour market. To which degree are these linked with their immigration background, i.e. with the issues faced by their parents? This publication includes cross-country comparative work and provides new insights on the complex issue of the intergenerational transmission of disadvantage for native-born children of immigrants.
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9789264235120 , 9264232664
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (300 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als In it together
    DDC: 339.209177
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    Keywords: Einkommensverteilung ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Soziale Ungleichheit
    Abstract: The gap between rich and poor keeps widening. Growth, if any, has disproportionally benefited higher income groups while lower income households have been left behind. This long-run increase in income inequality not only raises social and political concerns, but also economic ones. It tends to drag down GDP growth, due to the rising distance of the lower 40% from the rest of society. Lower income people have been prevented from realising their human capital potential, which is bad for the economy as a whole. This book highlights the key areas where inequalities are created and where new policies are required, including: the consequences of current consolidation policies; structural labour market changes with rising non-standard work and job polarization; persisting gender gaps; the challenge of high wealth concentration, and the role for redistribution policies.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264179370
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (352 Seiten) , 21 x 28cm
    DDC: 305.42
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    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Gender gaps are pervasive in all walks of economic life and imply large losses in terms of foregone productivity and living standards to the individuals concerned and the economy. This new OECD report focuses on how best to close these gender gaps under four broad headings: 1) Gender equality, social norms and public policies; and gender equality in 2) education; 3) employment and 4) entrepreneurship. Key policy messages are as follows:-Greater gender equality in educational attainment has a strong positive effect on economic growth;-Stereotyping needs to be addressed in educational choices at school from a young age. For example, adapt teaching strategies and material to increase engagement of boys in reading and of girls in maths and science; encourage more girls to follow science, engineering and maths courses in higher education and seek employment in these fields;-Good and affordable childcare is a key factor for better gender equality in employment. But change also has to happen at home as the bulk of housework and caring is left to women in many countries. Policy can support such change, for example, through parental leave policies that explicitly include fathers.-Support policies for women-owned enterprises need to target all existing firms, not just start-ups and small enterprises. Equal access to finance for male and female entrepreneurs needs to be assured
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9789264179479
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (130 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives; A Strategic Approach to Skills Policies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Des compétences meilleures pour des emplois meilleurs et une vie meilleure ; Une approche stratégique des politiques sur les compétences
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    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Da sie sich sowohl der Komplexität der Kompetenzpolitik als auch der Möglichkeiten eines gegenseitigen Lernprozesses bewusst ist, hat die OECD eine globale Kompetenzstrategie ausgearbeitet, die den Ländern dabei helfen soll, die Stärken und Schwächen ihrer Qualifikationssysteme zu identifizieren, sie im internationalen Vergleich zu betrachten und Maßnahmen auszuarbeiten, mit denen erreicht werden kann, dass Kompetenzen zu besseren Arbeitsplätzen, einem höheren Wirtschaftswachstum und mehr sozialer Inklusion führen. Diese Publikation stellt eine Strategie vor, die den Ländern bei der Verwirklichung des Ziels der Heranbildung und optimalen Nutzung eines hervorragenden Pools an Kompetenzen helfen wird. Die Skills Strategy der OECD beinhaltet eine Umorientierung von traditionellen Messgrößen des Kompetenzniveaus, z.B. der Zahl der formalen Bildungsjahre oder den erworbenen Bildungsabschlüssen, hin zu einer wesentlich weiter gefassten Messgröße, die sich auf die Kompetenzen erstreckt, die Menschen im Verlauf ihres gesamten Lebens erwerben, nutzen, pflegen und u.U. auch wieder verlieren können. Wird nicht ausreichend in Kompetenzen investiert, müssen Menschen ein unbefriedigendes Leben am Rande der Gesellschaft fristen, kann sich technischer Fortschritt nicht in Wirtschaftswachstum niederschlagen und können Länder in einer weltweit zunehmend wissensbasierten Gesellschaft nicht mehr im Wettbewerb mithalten. Zudem müssen Kompetenzen, wie in der Publikation betont wird, während des ganzen Lebens kontinuierlich gepflegt und erweitert werden, damit sie ihren Wert nicht verlieren und es den Menschen ermöglichen, miteinander in einer Weise zusammenzuarbeiten, zu konkurrieren und zu kommunizieren, die Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft voranbringt.
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264098732
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Assurer le bien-être des familles
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Doing Better for Families; (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Doing better for families
    DDC: 361.61021
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    Keywords: Familienpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Familienhilfe
    Abstract: All OECD governments want to give parents more choice in their work and family decisions. This book looks at the different ways in which governments support families. It seeks to provide answers to questions like: Is spending on family benefits going up, and how does it vary by the age of the child? Has the crisis affected public support for families? What is the best way of helping adults to have the number of children they desire? What are the effects of parental leave programmes on female labour supply and on child well-being? Are childcare costs a barrier to parental employment and can flexible workplace options help? What is the best time for mothers to go back to work after childbirth? And what are the best policies to reduce poverty among sole parents?
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264107113 , 9789264055780
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Insights
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les migrations internationales ; Le visage humain de la mondialisation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Internationale Migration; Die menschliche Seite der Globalisierung
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Keeley, Brian International migration
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    Keywords: OECD ; Internationale Migration ; Welt ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Internationale Migration ; Geschichte ; Globalisierung ; Bedeutung ; Rolle ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Einwanderer ; Überweisung ; Braindrain ; Wirtschaftsindikator ; Sozialer Indikator ; Entwicklung ; Tendenz ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Entwicklungsländer ; OECD ; Internationale Migration ; Globalisierung
    Abstract: About 190 million people around the world live outside their country of birth. These migrants bring energy, entrepreneurship and fresh ideas to our societies. But there are downsides: young migrants who fail in education, adults who don’t find work and, of course, unregulated migration. Such challenges can make migration a political lightning rod and a topic for angry debate. Drawing on the unique expertise of the OECD,this book moves beyond rhetoric to look at the realities of international migration today: Where do migrants come from and where do they go? How do governments manage migration? How well do migrants perform in education and in the workforce? And does migration help – or hinder – developing countries?
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264047754
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (165 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Attirer les talents ; Les travailleurs hautement qualifiés au cœur de la concurrence internationale
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La competición global por el talento ; Movilidad de los trabajadores altamente cualificados
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The global competition for talent
    DDC: 658.3131
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    Keywords: Brain Drain ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Fachkraft ; Internationale Mobilität
    Abstract: This publication discusses the dimensions, significance, and policy implications of international flows of human resources in science and technology. The international mobility of highly skilled workers is increasing in scale and complexity as more economies participate in R&D and innovation activity. Mobile talent diffuses knowledge both directly and indirectly across borders. This can boost global innovation performance, with benefits accruing to both sending and receiving countries. It is clear that mobility is leading to an increasing level of labour-market internationalisation and integration, and competition for talent is now influencing innovation policy initiatives across the globe. Most countries offer a range of policies focused on assisting and encouraging mobility, although few have a specific and coherent mobility strategy. Many nations aim to attract the same pool of highly skilled talent; thus, relying on international flows to fill existing or future gaps in supply may entail risks. Addressing shortcomings in national policies that may limit domestic supply of skilled workers, and ensuring that the wider environment for innovation and scientific endeavour is sound, are key policy challenges for countries.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264035881
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (146 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vivre et travailler plus longtemps
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Keese, Mark Ageing and employment policies: Live longer, work longer
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    Keywords: Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer
    Abstract: This report helps establish a new agenda for age-friendly employment policies and practices. It sets out the policy challenges presented by rapidly ageing labour forces in OECD countries and draws out the main lessons learned from OECD's series of country reviews on Ageing and Employment policies. Among other issues, it discusses how to remove work disincentives and increase choice in the work-retirement decision, improve employability of older workers, and change employer attitudes and employment practices.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264028968
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (322 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. De l'immigration à l'intégration ; Des solutions locales à un défi mondial
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als From immigration to integration
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    Keywords: Soziale Integration ; OECD-Staaten ; Migranten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Einwanderer ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Einwanderung ; Integration ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: For the potential advantages of migration to be harnessed, it is crucial that immigration be accompanied by integration, or effective mechanisms for ensuring that immigrants are incorporated into labour markets, the economy and society. While immigration policy is often determined, designed and funded at the national level, its impact on migrants and society is more strongly felt at the local level where other policies interact. This publication highlights principles and factors which are important in supporting integration locally. A comparison of local initiatives implemented in five OECD countries - Canada, UK (London), Spain, Italy, and Switzerland - answers key questions facing all policy makers and stakeholders working in this field. This book provides a set of concrete policy recommendations for implementation at both local and national levels.
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