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  • Cham : Springer  (51)
  • Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer  (9)
  • Philosophy (General)  (60)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ernst Mach – Zu Leben, Werk und Wirkung (2019)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783030037727
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (IX, 169 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Veröffentlichungen des Instituts Wiener Kreis Bd. 29
    Series Statement: Springer eBooks
    Series Statement: Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of Science ; Philosophy and science. ; Gravitation. ; Psychology. ; Konferenzschrift
    Abstract: Chapter 1. Ernst Mach und der wahre Inhalt von Newtons erstem Gesetz der Bewegung (Martin Černohorský) -- Chapter 2. Das bedrängte Ich. Ich-Konzepte bei Freud und Mach (Gerhard Donhauser) -- Chapter 3. Ernst Mach und die Kinematographie (Regina Jonach) -- Chapter 4. Ernst Machs Bedeutung für die Herausbildung einer naturwissenschaftlichen Psychologie – Zur Geschichte eines Missverständnisses (Gerhard Benetka und Thomas Slunecko) -- Chapter 6. Ernst Mach und Sigmund Freud: Fortsetzung der Philosophie mit anderen Mitteln? (Patrizia Giampieri) -- Chapter 7. Zu Ernst Machs ‚historisch-kritischer Methode‘ (Elisabeth Nemeth) -- Chapter 8. Mach, Boltzmann und die Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien (Wolfgang L. Reiter) -- Chapter 9. Vom Empiriokritizismus zum Empiriomonismus: Aleksander Bogdanovs Rezeption der Epistemologie von Ernst Mach (Maja Soboleva)
    Abstract: Ernst Mach (1838–1916) zählt zu den bedeutendsten Naturwissenschaftlern und Philosophen des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts. In der Physik gilt er als Wegbereiter von Einsteins Relativitätstheorie und Kontrahent von Boltzmanns Atomistik. In der Biologie, Psychologie und Physiologie wird er als Pionier einer empiristischen und gestalthaften „Analyse der Empfindungen“ betrachtet. In der Wissenschaftsphilosophie schließlich war er Vorbild des Wiener Kreises mit dem Verein Ernst Mach und Wegbereiter einer integrierten Wissenschaftsgeschichte und Wissenschaftstheorie. Der Band versammelt die deutschsprachigen Beiträge zum Symposium anlässlich des 100. Todestages von Ernst Mach. Im Mittelpunkt der internationalen Konferenz im Juni 2016 an der Universität Wien und der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften standen Leben, Werk und Wirkung des Naturforschers und Philosophen. Der Band bietet eine kritische Bestandsaufnahme von Machs Lebenswerk vor dem Hintergrund der aktuellen Forschung und Historiografie. Die Autoren untersuchen unter anderem seine Bedeutung für die Herausbildung einer naturwissenschaftlichen Psychologie Machs historisch-kritische Methode die Rolle der Kinematographie die Rezeption durch Aleksander Bogdanov das Verhältnis zu Sigmund Freuds Psychoanalyse Der Band erscheint in der Reihe „Veröffentlichungen des Instituts Wiener Kreis“ und richtet sich an Forschende auf den Gebieten der Wissenschaftsphilosophie, -geschichte und -theorie sowie der Kulturwissenschaften und der Wahrnehmungspsychologie
    Note: In 2016, June 15–18, this Ernst Mach Centenary Conference was organized by the Institute Vienna Circle, University of Vienna and the Austrian Academy of Sciences
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-03772-7
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Book
    Book
    Buddhist foundations of mindfulness (2016)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319185903 , 9783319498669
    Language: English
    Pages: xvi, 365 Seiten , 24 cm
    Edition: First softcover printing
    Series Statement: Mindfulness in behavioral health
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Buddhist Foundations of Mindfulness
    DDC: 394.3443
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Alternative medicine ; Social service ; Psychology, clinical ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Buddhismus ; Achtsamkeit ; Therawada ; Shamata ; Vipashyanā
    Abstract: This book explores a wide range of mindfulness and meditative practices and traditions across Buddhism. It deepens contemporary understanding of mindfulness by examining its relationship with key Buddhist teachings, such as the Four Noble Truths and the Noble Eight-Fold Path. In addition, the volume explores how traditional mindfulness can be more meaningfully incorporated into current psychological research and clinical practice with individuals and groups (e.g., through the Buddhist Psychological Model). Key topics featured in this volume include: Ethics and mindfulness in Pāli Buddhism and their implications for secular mindfulness-based applications. Mindfulness of emptiness and the emptiness of mindfulness. Buddhist teachings that support the psychological principles in a mindfulness program. A practical contextualization and explanatory framework for mindfulness-based interventions. Mindfulness in an authentic, transformative, everyday Zen practice. Pristine mindfulness. Buddhist Foundations of Mindfulness is an indispensable resource for clinical psychologists, and affiliated medical and mental health professionals, including specialists in complementary and alternative medicine as well as social work as well as teachers of Buddhism and meditation
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  • 3
    E-Resource
    E-Resource
    Motivating cooperation and compliance with authority : the role of institutional trust (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319161518
    Language: English
    Series Statement: Nebraska symposium on motivation 62
    Series Statement: Nebraska symposium on motivation
    DDC: 302
    RVK:
    MR 6100
    RVK:
    CV 9500
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Consciousness ; Law Psychological aspects ; Einrichtung ; Vertrauen ; Motivation ; Übereinstimmung ; Autorität ; Kooperation ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Online-Ressource ; Motivation ; Vertrauen ; Kooperation ; Übereinstimmung ; Autorität ; Einrichtung ; Online-Ressource
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    E-Resource
    HBZ
  • 4
    Book
    Book
    Women and aging : an international, intersectional power perspective (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319093055
    Language: English
    Pages: xvi, 172 Seiten
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Muhlbauer, Varda Women and Aging
    DDC: 305.26082
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Developmental psychology ; Applied psychology ; Psychology ; Applied psychology ; Developmental psychology ; Philosophy (General) ; Psychology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Frau ; Altern ; Frau ; Altern
    Note: Literaturangaben
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Cover
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Cover
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    BSZ
    GBV
    KOBV
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    La phénoménologie génétique de Marc Richir (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319100265
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 213 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 214
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Forestier, Florian, 1981 - La phénoménologie génétique de Marc Richir
    RVK:
    CI 1120
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Developmental psychology ; Philosophy ; Aesthetics ; Developmental psychology ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of mind
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage est la première tentative de présenter une analyse d'ensemble des théories phénoménologiques de Marc Richir. La phénoménologie richirienne se présente comme une phénoménologie "transcendantale génétique" qui se développe en dialogue avec Husserl, dont les écrits constituent presque toujours le point de départ problématique et méthodologique. L’auteur établit que la phénoménologie richirienne constitue une refondation globale et systématique de la phénoménologie. Il décrit la manière dont Richir clarifie et reformule les analyses de Husserl. Le livre examine ainsi l’éventail entier de la pensée de Marc Richir : le phénomène et le schématisme, le sens et la signification, les synthèses passives, l'imagination et la phantasia, la temps et la temporalité, l’espace et la spatialité, le transcendantalisme et la subjectivité. Il explicite également l'interprétation proposée par Richir de concepts tels que la réduction, l'eidétique, l'incarnation ou l'intersubjectivité. En plaçant le travail de Richir dans le contexte plus large de la tradition continentale, et en évaluant la pertinence de son œuvre pour la phénoménologie contemporaine, cet ouvrage apporte une contribution essentielle à la littérature académique
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-10026-5
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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    BSZ
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hölderlin’s Dionysiac Poetry : The Terrifying-Exciting Mysteries (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319102054
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 247 p. 2 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Murrey, Lucas Hölderlin’s Dionysiac poetry
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Murrey, Lucas Hölderlin’s Dionysiac poetry
    RVK:
    GK 4931
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Comparative Literature ; Germanic languages ; Greek philology ; Humanities ; Philosophy ; Werkanalyse ; Hölderlin, Friedrich 1770-1843 ; Dionysos ; Dichtersprache ; Hölderlin, Friedrich 1770-1843 ; Dionysos ; Dichtersprache
    Abstract: This book casts new light on the work of the German poet Friedrich Hölderlin (1770 - 1843), and his translations of Greek tragedy. It shows Hölderlin’s poetry is unique within Western literature (and art) as it retrieves the socio-politics of a Dionysiac space-time and language to challenge the estrangement of humans from nature and one other. In this book, author Lucas Murrey presents a new picture of ancient Greece, noting that money emerged and rapidly developed there in the sixth century B.C. This act of monetization brought with it a concept of tragedy: money-tyrants struggling against the forces of earth and community who succumb to individual isolation, blindness and death. As Murrey points out, Hölderlin (unconsciously) retrieves the battle between money, nature and community and creatively applies its lessons to our time. But Hölderlin’s poetry not only adapts tragedy to question the unlimited “machine process” of “a clever race” of money-tyrants. It also draws attention to Greece’s warnings about the mortal danger of the eyes in myth, cult and theatre. This monograph thus introduces an urgently needed vision not only of Hölderlin hymns, but also the relevance of disciplines as diverse as Literary Studies, Philosophy, Psychology (Psychoanalysis) as well as Religious and Visual (Media) Studies to our present predicament, where a dangerous visual culture, through its support of the unlimitedness of money, is harming our relation to nature and one another. “Here triumphs a temperament guided by ancient religion and that excavates, in Hölderlin’s translations, the central god Dionysus of Greek tragedy.” -Bernhard Böschenstein, author of “Frucht des Gewitters”. Zu Hölderlins Dionysos als Gott der Revolution and Paul Celan: Der Meridian. Endfassung-Entwürfe-Materialien. “Lucas Murrey shares with his subject, Hölderlin, a vision of the Greeks as bringing something vitally important into our poor world, a vision of which few classical scholars are now capable.” -Richard Seaford, author of Money and the Early Greek Mind. Homer, Tragedy, Philosophy and Dionysus. “Hölderlin deserved such a book.” -Jean-François Kervégan, author of Que faire de Carl Schmitt? “…fascinating material…” -Noam Chomsky, author of Media Control: The Spectacular Achievements of Propaganda and Nuclear War and Environmental Catastrophe
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-10205-4
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mind in Action : Experience and Embodied Cognition in Pragmatism (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319176239
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 94 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics 18
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Määttänen, Pentti Mind in action
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Artificial intelligence ; Consciousness ; Philosophy
    Abstract: The book questions two key dichotomies: that of the apparent and real, and that of the internal and external. This leads to revised notions of the structure of experience and the object of knowledge. Our world is experienced as possibilities of action, and to know is to know what to do. A further consequence is that the mind is best considered as a property of organisms’ interactions with their environment. The unit of analysis is the loop of action and perception, and the central concept is the notion of habit of action, which provides the embodied basis of cognition as the anticipation of action. This holds for non-linguistic tacit meanings as well as for linguistic meanings. Habit of action is a teleological notion and thus opens a possibility for defining intentionality and normativity in terms of the soft naturalism adopted in the book. The mind is embodied, and this embodiment determines our physical perspective on the world. Our sensory organs and other instruments give us instrumental access to the world, and this access is epistemic in character. The distinction between the physical and conceptual viewpoint allows us to define truth as the correspondence with operational fit. This embodied epistemic truth is however not a sign of antirealism, as the instrumentally accessed theoretical objects are precisely those objects that experimental science deals with.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17623-9
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    History as a Science and the System of the Sciences : Phenomenological Investigations (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319135878
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 443 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 77
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.: History as a science and the system of the sciences
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Phenomenology ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Wissenschaftsgeschichte
    Abstract: This volume goes beyond presently available phenomenological analyses based on the structures and constitution of the lifeworld. It shows how the science of history is the mediator between the human and the natural sciences. It demonstrates that the distinction between interpretation and explanation does not imply a strict separation of the natural and the human sciences. Finally, it shows that the natural sciences and technology are inseparable, but that technology is one-sidedly founded in pre-scientific encounters with reality in the lifeworld. In positivism the natural sciences are sciences because they offer causal explanations testable in experiments and the humanities are human sciences only if they use methods of the natural sciences. For epistemologists following Dilthey, the human sciences presuppose interpretation and the human and natural sciences must be separated. There is phenomenology interested in psychology and the social sciences that distinguish the natural and the human sciences, but little can be found about the historical human sciences. This volume fills the gap by presenting analyses of the material foundations of the "understanding" of expressions of other persons, and of primordial recollections and expectations founding explicit expectations and predictions in the lifeworld. Next, it shows, on the basis of history as applying philological methods in interpretations of sources, the role of a universal spatio-temporal framework for reconstructions and causal explanations of "what has really happened
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-13587-8
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New Perspectives on Paternalism and Health Care (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319179605
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 299 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 35
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Spring School "New Perspectives on Medical Paternalism" (2012 : Hamburg) New perspectives on paternalism and health care
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Philosophy ; Bioethical Issues ; Ethics, Medical ; Medical ethics Philosophy ; Paternalism ; Paternalism Moral and ethical aspects ; Physician-Patient Relations ; Konferenzschrift ; Paternalismus ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Gesundheitsfürsorge ; Gesundheitswesen
    Abstract: This work sets the stage regarding debates about paternalism and health care for years to come. The anthology is organized around four parts: i) The concept of paternalism and theoretical issues regarding the idea of anti-paternalism, ii) strategies for justifying different forms of paternalism, iii) paternalism in psychiatry and psychotherapy, iv) paternalism and public health, and v) paternalism and reproductive medicine. Medical paternalism was arguably one of the main drivers of debates in medical ethics and has led to a wide acknowledgement of the value of patient autonomy. However, more recent developments in health care, such as the increasing significance of public health measures and the commercialization of medical services, have led to new social circumstances and hence to the need to rethink issues regarding paternalism. This work provides an invaluable source for many scholars and practitioners, since it deals in new and original ways with one of the main and oldest issue in health care ethics
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17960-5
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Quantifiers, Quantifiers, and Quantifiers: Themes in Logic, Metaphysics, and Language (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319183626
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 526 p. 7 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 373
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Quantifiers, quantifiers, and quantifiers: themes in logic, metaphysics, and language
    RVK:
    CC 4400
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Semantics ; Philosophy ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Semantics ; Quantor
    Abstract: This volume covers a wide range of topics that fall under the 'philosophy of quantifiers', a philosophy that spans across multiple areas such as logic, metaphysics, epistemology, and even the history of philosophy. It discusses the import of quantifier variance in the model theory of mathematics. It advances an argument for the uniqueness of quantifier meaning in terms of Evert Beth’s notion of implicit definition, and clarifies the oldest explicit formulation of quantifier variance: the one proposed by Rudolf Carnap. The volume further examines what it means that a quantifier can have multiple meanings, and addresses how existential vagueness can induce vagueness in our modal notions. Finally, the book explores the role played by quantifiers with respect to various kinds of semantic paradoxes, the logicality issue, ontological commitment, and the behavior of quantifiers in intensional contexts
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-18362-6
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Problem of Objectivity in Gadamer's Hermeneutics in Light of McDowell's Empiricism (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319186481
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 212 p, online resource)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2015
    Series Statement: Contributions to Hermeneutics 1
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Thaning, Morten Sørensen, 1975 - The problem of objectivity in Gadamer's hermeneutics in light of McDowell's empiricism
    RVK:
    CI 2257
    RVK:
    CI 6445
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy ; Gadamer, Hans-Georg 1900-2002 ; Hermeneutik ; Objektivität ; McDowell, John Henry 1942- ; Empirismus ; Gadamer, Hans-Georg 1900-2002 ; Hermeneutik ; Objektivität ; McDowell, John Henry 1942- ; Empirismus
    Abstract: This book reassesses Gadamer’s hermeneutics by bringing it into a dialogue with John McDowell’s minimal empiricism. It employs the resources of McDowell’s minimal empiricism to address the transcendental and ontological presuppositions for objective experience and understanding, while retaining Gadamer’s emphasis on the historicity of understanding. By means of the dialogue with McDowell, the book develops a hermeneutical conception of objectivity and perceptual experience, which also entails reinterpretations of Gadamer’s notions of tradition, practical wisdom and meaning. The book explores the philosophical space beyond the analytic-Continental divide and demonstrates that hermeneutics is not limited to a reflection on understanding as it is practiced in the human sciences, but can be revived as a distinct and cogent philosophical approach with a transcendental and ontological dimension
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-18648-1
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Phenomenological Critique of Mathematisation and the Question of Responsibility : Formalisation and the Life-World (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319098289
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 223 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 76
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. The phenomenological critique of mathematisation and the question of responsibility
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Ethics ; Genetic epistemology ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 ; Naturwissenschaften ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie ; Phänomenologie
    Abstract: This edited collection discusses phenomenological critiques of formalism and their relevance to the problem of responsibility and the life-world. The authors deal with themes of formalisation of knowledge in connection to the life-world, the natural world, the history of science and our responsibility for both our epistemic claims and the world in which we live. Readers will discover critiques of formalisation, the life-world and responsibility, and a collation and comparison of Patočka’s and Husserl’s work on these themes. Considerable literature on Husserl is presented here and the two themes of epistemic responsibility and the life-world are discussed together. This work specifically emphasises the interrelatedness of these existential aspects of his work - self-responsibility and the crisis - as not only epistemological, but also related to human life. This volume also introduces Jan Patočka to English-speaking readers as a phenomenologist in his own right. Patočka shows us, in particular, the significance of the modern abyss between our thinking and the world. Readers will discover that this abyss is of concern for our everyday experience because it leads to a rupture in our understanding of the world: between the world of our living and its scientific construct. We see that Patočka continually emphasised the relevance of Husserl’s work to existential questions relating to human responsibility and the life-world, which he admits is left largely implicit in Husserl’s work. This edited collection will spark discussion on the question of responsibility against the backdrop of formalised knowledge which is increasingly inaccessible to human understanding. Despite the complexity of some of the analysed ideas, the authors discuss these themes in a clear and readable way. This work is scholarly, exact in its discussion and authoritative in its reading, but at the same time accessible to anyone motivated to understand these debates
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-09828-9
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Phenomenology and the Philosophy of Running : The Multiple Dimensions of Long-Distance Running (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319155975
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 172 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Koski, Tapio The phenomenology and the philosophy of running
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This book describes and analyzes the levels of experience that long-distance running produces. It looks at the kinds of experiences caused by long-distance running, the dimensions contained in these experiences, and their effects on the subjective life-world and well-being of an individual. Taking a philosophical approach, the analysis presented in this book is founded on Maurice Merleau-Ponty´s phenomenology of the body and Martin Heidegger´s fundamental ontology. Running is a versatile form of physical exercise which does not reveal all of its dimensions at once. These dimensions escape the eye and are not revealed to the runner conceptually, but rather as sensations and emotions. Instead of concentrating on conceptual analysis, this book explores the emotions and experiences and examines the meaning that running has in runners´ lives. Using the participative method, in which the author is both the research subject and the researcher, the book contributes to the philosophy of physical exercise. The research made by Koski is exceptional, and not only because of the topic itself, which also is out of the ordinary. Koski has been fortunate to discover a topic which offers immensely great opportunities to explore and present basic human philosophical themes in a new, fascinating conceptual environment. Emeritus Prof. Lauri Routila I don’t know of anyone who has done this in English, certainly not to your depth. -- This project in unique, wonderful, and important Amby Burfoot
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-15597-5
    URL: Volltext
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Patterns of Rationality : Recurring Inferences in Science, Social Cognition and Religious Thinking (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319177861
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 278 p. 6 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics 19
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Bertolotti, Tommaso Patterns of rationality
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Evolution (Biology) ; Engineering ; Religion (General) ; Consciousness ; Philosophy
    Abstract: The book is an epistemological monograph written from a multidisciplinary perspective. It provides a complex and realistic picture of cognition and rationality, as endowments aimed at making sense and reacting smartly to one’s environment, be it epistemic, social or simply ecological. The first part of the book analyzes scientific modeling as products of the biological necessity to cope with the environment and be able to draw as many inferences as possible about it. Moreover, it develops an epistemological framework which will be exploited in both the second part of the book, focusing on social cognition and cognitive niche construction, and the third part, dealing with the apparent irrationality of magical and religious belief. The book also discusses how both social networking and online religion influence cognition, rationality and irrational belief
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17786-1
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  • 15
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    Cognitive Autonomy and Methodological Individualism : The Interpretative Foundations of Social Life (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319195124
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 185 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics 22
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Phenomenology ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Social sciences Methodology ; Consciousness ; Philosophy
    Abstract: Unlike psychologistic paradigms, the non-atomistic variant of methodological individualism discussed in this book explains society in terms of complex emergent structures that unintentionally result from human actions, and that in turn influence those actions. Friedrich Hayek is an emblematic representative of this approach, the origins of which date back to the Scottish Enlightenment. One of Hayek’s most original - but also less well-known - contributions is his linking of this non-atomistic methodological individualism to a cognitive psychology centered on the idea that mind is both an interpretative device and a self-organizing system. This book uses Hayek’s reflections on mind as a starting point to investigate the concept of action from the standpoint of non-atomistic methodological individualism, and it explores the connections between Hayek’s cognitive psychology and approaches employed in various fields, such as phenomenology, hermeneutics, enactivism, neo-Weberian sociology and fallibilism. Focusing on the interpretative foundations of social life, the book conceives action as a product of the human mind’s cognitive autonomy, i.e. of its hermeneutic skills that are influenced by historical and socio-cultural factors. “Di Iorio offers a new approach to Hayek’s Sensory Order, linking neuroscience to the old Verstehen tradition and to contemporary theories of self-organizing systems; this should be on the reading list of everyone who is interested in Hayek’s thought.” Barry Smith, University at Buffalo, editor of The Monist
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-19512-4
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  • 16
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    Past and Present Interactions in Legal Reasoning and Logic (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319160214
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 270 p. 34 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning, Interdisciplinary Perspectives from the Humanities and Social Sciences 7
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Past and present interactions in legal reasoning and logic
    RVK:
    PI 3020
    RVK:
    PI 2050
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Philosophy of law ; Applied linguistics ; Philosophy ; Applied linguistics ; Logic ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law
    Abstract: This volume explores the relation between legal reasoning and logic from both a historical and a systematic perspective. The topics addressed include, among others, conditional legal acts, disjunctions in legal acts, presumptions and conjectures, conflicts of values, Jørgensen´s Dilemma, the Rhetor´s Dilemma, the theory of legal fictions, and the categorization of contracts. The unifying problematic of these contributions concerns the conditional structures and, more particularly, the relationship between legal theory and legal reasoning in the context of conditions. The contributions in this work constitute the first results of the ANR-DFG joint research project “JuriLog” (Jurisprudence and Logic), which aims at fostering the cooperation between legal scholars and philosophers. On the one hand, lawyers and legal scholars have an interest in emphasizing the logical character of legal reasoning. In this respect, the present enquiry examines the question of how logic, especially newer forms of dialogical logic, can be made fruitful as a significant area of philosophy for jurisprudence and legal practice. On the other hand, logicians find in legal reasoning a striving towards clear definitions and inference-procedures that is relevant to their discipline. In order to fully understand such reciprocal relationships, it is necessary to bridge the gap between law, logic and philosophy in contemporary academic research. The essays collected in this volume all work towards this common goal. The book is divided in three sections. In the first part, the strong relation between Roman Law and logic is explored with respect to the analysis of disjunctive statements in legal acts. The second part focuses on Leibniz´s legal theory. The third part, finally, is dedicated to current interactions between law and logic
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16021-4
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  • 17
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    Pesky Essays on the Logic of Philosophy (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319080635
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 240 p. 13 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning, Interdisciplinary Perspectives from the Humanities and Social Sciences 6
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Lucey, Kenneth G. Pesky essays on the logic of philosophy
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Ontology ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Logik ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Religionsphilosophie ; Kausalität ; Ontologie ; Erkenntnistheorie
    Abstract: This collection of essays explores the philosophy of human knowledge from a multitude of perspectives, with a particular emphasis upon the justification component of the classical analysis of knowledge, and with an excursion along the way to explore the role of knowledge in Texas Hold ‘Em poker. An important theme of the collection is the role of knowledge in religion, including a detailed argument for agnosticism. A number of the essays touch upon issues in philosophical logic, among them a fascinating new counter-example to Modus Ponens. The collection is rounded out with essays on causality and the philosophy of mind. The author’s perspective on the philosophy of human knowledge is fresh and challenging, as evidenced by essays entitled “On Epistemic Preferability;” “On Being Unjustified;” “The Logic of ‘Unless’” and “Is ‘This sentence is true.’ True?” An interesting feature of The Logic of Philosophy: Pesky Essays is the inclusion of responses to several of its key essays, contributed by such prominent contemporary philosophers as Roderick Chisholm, Ted Sider and Tomas Kapitan
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-08063-5
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  • 18
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    The Presence of Duns Scotus in the Thought of Edith Stein : The question of individuality (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319156637
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 184 p. 6 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 120
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Alfieri, Francesco, 1976 - The presence of Duns Scotus in the thought of Edith Stein
    RVK:
    BF 7111
    RVK:
    CE 3117
    RVK:
    CI 1190
    RVK:
    BN 2457
    RVK:
    CE 3113
    RVK:
    BF 7110
    Keywords: Duns Scotus, John approximately 1266-1308 Influence ; Stein, Edith 1891-1942 ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, medieval ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Individuality ; Philosophical anthropology ; Johannes Duns Scotus 1266-1308 ; Individuation ; Rezeption ; Stein, Edith Heilige 1891-1942 ; Johannes Duns Scotus 1266-1308 ; Rezeption ; Stein, Edith Heilige 1891-1942 ; Individuation
    Abstract: This book examines the phenomenological anthropology of Edith Stein. It specifically focuses on the question which Stein addressed in her work Finite and Eternal Being: What is the foundational principle that makes the individual unique and unrepeatable within the human species? Traditional analyses of Edith Stein’s writings have tended to frame her views on this issue as being influenced by Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas, while neglecting her interest in the lesser-known figure of Duns Scotus. Yet, as this book shows, with regard to the question of individuality, Stein was critical of Aquinas’ approach, finding that of Duns Scotus to be more convincing. In order to get to the heart of Stein’s readings of Duns Scotus, this book looks at her published writings and her personal correspondence, in addition to conducting a meticulous analysis of the original codexes on which her sources were based. Written with diligence and flair, the book critically evaluates the authenticity of Stein’s sources and shows how the position of Scotus himself evolved. It highlights the originality of Stein’s contribution, which was to rediscover the relevance of Mediaeval scholastic thought and reinterpret it in the language of the Phenomenological school founded by Edmund Husserl
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-15663-7
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  • 19
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    The Age of Figurative Theo-humanism : The Beauty of God and Man in German Aesthetics of Painting and Sculpture (1754-1828) (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319100005
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 191 p. 17 illus., 14 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in Philosophy, Religion and Public Life 3
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Humanities ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This is a comprehensive, integrated account of eighteenth and early nineteenth century German figurative aesthetics. The author focuses on the theologically-minded discourse on the visual arts that unfolded in Germany, circa 1754-1828, to critique the assumption that German romanticism and idealism pursued a formalist worship of beauty and of unbridled artistic autonomy. This book foregrounds what the author terms an “Aesthetics of Figurative Theo humanism”. It begins with the sculptural aesthetics of Johann Joachim Winckelmann and Gottfried Herder before moving on to Karl Philipp Moritz, Wilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder and Friedrich Schelling. The reader will discover how this aesthetic tradition, after an initial obsession with classical sculpture, chose painting as the medium more suited to the modern self’s exploration of transcendence. This paradigm-shift is traced in the aesthetic discourse of Friedrich Schlegel and Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. In this work, the widespread prejudice that such aesthetics initiated a so-called “Modern Grand Narrative of the Arts” is deconstructed. One accusation directed at 18th century aesthetics has been that it realised into “Art” what had previously been a living, rich tissue of meaning: this work shows how Figurative Theo humanism's attention to aesthetic values was never detached from deeper theological and humanistic considerations. Furthermore, it argues that this aesthetic discourse never forgot that it emerged from modern disenchantment-far from occluding the dimension of secularization, it draws poignant meaning from it. Anyone with an interest in the current debates about the scope and nature of aesthetics (philosophers of art, theology, or religion) will find this book of great interest and assistance
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-10000-5
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  • 20
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    A History of Biophysics in Contemporary China (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319180939
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 90 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in History of Science and Technology
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Luk, Christine Yi Lai A history of biophysics in contemporary China
    RVK:
    WD 2000
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; China ; Biophysik ; Wissenschaft ; Biowissenschaften ; Geschichte 1949-1976
    Abstract: This book gives a concise history of biophysics in contemporary China, from about 1949 to 1976. It outlines how a science specialty evolved from an ambiguous and amorphous field into a fully-fledged academic discipline in the socio-institutional contexts of contemporary China. The book relates how, while initially consisting of cell biologists, the Chinese biophysics community redirected their disciplinary priorities toward rocket science in the late 1950s to accommodate the national interests of the time. Biophysicists who had worked on biological sounding rockets were drawn to the military sector and continued to contribute to human spaceflight in post-Mao China. Besides the rocket-and-space missions which provided the material context for biophysics to expand in the late 1950s and early 1960s, Chinese biophysicists also created research and educational programs surrounding biophysics by exploiting the institutional opportunities afforded by the policy emphasis on science's role to drive modernization. The book explores and demonstrates the collective achievements and struggles of Chinese biophysicists in building their scientific discipline
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-18093-9
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  • 21
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    International Perspectives on Engineering Education : Engineering Education and Practice in Context, Volume 1 (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319161693
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXIV, 530 p. 16 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Philosophy of Engineering and Technology 20
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Curriculum planning ; Engineering design ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This inclusive cross-cultural study rethinks the nexus between engineering education and context. In so doing the book offers a reflection on contextual boundaries with an overall boundary crossing ambition and juxtaposes important cases of critical participation within engineering education with sophisticated scholarly reflection on both opportunities and discontents. Whether, and in what way engineering education is or ought to be contextualized or de-contextualized is an object of heated debate among engineering educators. The uniqueness of this study is that this debate is given comprehensive coverage - presenting both instrumentally inclined as well as radical positions on transforming engineering education. In contextualizing engineering education, this book offers diverse commentary from a range of disciplinary, meta- and interdisciplinary perspectives on how cultural, professional, institutional, and educational systems contexts shape histories, structural dynamics, ideologies and challenges as well as new pathways in engineering education. Topics addressed include examining engineering education in countries ranging from India to America, to racial and gender equity in engineering education and incorporating social awareness into the area. Using context as “bridge” this book confronts engineering education head on. Contending engineering ideologies and corresponding views on context are juxtaposed with contending discourses of reform. The uniqueness of the book is that it brings together scholars from the humanities, the social sciences and engineering from Europe - both East and West - with the United States, China, Brazil, India and Australia
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16169-3
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  • 22
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    Socio-biological Implications of Confucianism (2015)
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783662445754
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 226 p. 2 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: China Academic Library
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Pan, Guangdan, 1898 - 1967 Socio-biological implications of Confucianism
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; China ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Geburtenregelung ; Eugenik ; China ; Ethnische Identität ; Religiöse Identität ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Konfuzianismus ; Geschichte ; China ; Familie ; Sozialethik ; Bevölkerungspolitik ; Konfuzianismus ; Geschichte 1800-1950
    Abstract: This book is a collection of English articles by Pan Guangdan, one of China’s most distinguished sociologists and eugenicists and also a renowned expert in education. Pan is a prolific scholar, whose collected works number some fourteen volumes. Pan's daughters Pan Naigu, Pan Naimu and Pan Naihe-all scholars of anthropology and sociology-began editing their father's published works and surviving manuscripts around 1978. The collected articles, written between 1923 and 1945, are representative of Pan’s insights on sociobiology, ethnology and eugenics, covering topics such as Christianity, opium, domestic war and China-Japan relations. The title of the book is taken from the fascinating two-part article “Socio-biological Implications in Confucianism”, which essentially reworks Confucius as a kind of “forefather” of socio-biological and eugenic thinking, showing Pan's promotion of “traditional” values. These articles, mostly published in Chinese Students’ Monthly and The China Critic, offer an excellent point of entry into Pan's ideas on population and eugenics, his polemics on family and marriage, and his intellectual positioning and self-fashioning. This collection is of great reference value, allowing readers to gain an overall and in-depth understanding of the development of Pan's academic thought, and to explore the spiritual world of the scholars brought together by The China Critic who were dedicated to rebuilding the Chinese culture and bridging the West and the East
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-44575-4
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  • 23
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    The Phenomenon of Mental Disorder : Perspectives of Heidegger’s Thought in Psychopathology (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319103235
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 214 p. 2 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 75
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Kouba, Petr, 1973 - The phenomenon of mental disorder
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Psychiatry ; Psychology, clinical ; Philosophy ; Werkanalyse ; Heidegger, Martin 1889-1976 ; Phänomenologische Psychologie ; Heidegger, Martin 1889-1976 ; Existenzphilosophie ; Rezeption ; Psychopathologie
    Abstract: This book provides a critical introduction to Heidegger’s impact on psychiatry and psychology, and has a focus on the application of his philosophy to psychiatry. This is a complete revision of Heidegger’s existential philosophy in the light of psychopathological phenomena. Readers will find here a philosophical inquiry into the problem of mental disorder, which shows Heidegger’s own philosophy in a new light, uncovering both its strengths and its weak points. The author maps not only Heidegger’s interaction with psychiatric thought, as depicted in his Zollikon Seminars, but also his influence on Swiss phenomenological psychiatry. The work treats Heidegger in a critical way, taking the phenomenon of mental disorder as a touchstone on which Heidegger’s thought is tested. The results of such a critical examination are important, not only for a better understanding of psychopathological phenomena, but also for a new understanding of Heidegger’s approach to human existence. This work treats the phenomenon of mental disorder as a philosophical problem that reflects the ontological character of human existence. Heidegger’s approach to mental disorder is confronted with the conceptions of Foucault, Deleuze and Guattari in a novel way. The book is more than just an historical overview as it highlights the limits of phenomenological thought in the area of psychiatry and it shows a possible way of moving beyond them. This is a philosophical work with an interdisciplinary range. Scholars of philosophy and those in the growing field of philosophy of psychiatry, as well as those with an interest in Heidegger Studies will be particularly interested in this work
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-10323-5
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  • 24
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    From Logic to Practice : Italian Studies in the Philosophy of Mathematics (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319104348
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 336 p. 27 illus., 10 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 308
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. From logic to practice
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Mathematik ; Philosophie ; Mathematik ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Logik
    Abstract: This book brings together young researchers from a variety of fields within mathematics, philosophy and logic. It discusses questions that arise in their work, as well as themes and reactions that appear to be similar in different contexts. The book shows that a fairly intensive activity in the philosophy of mathematics is underway, due on the one hand to the disillusionment with respect to traditional answers, on the other to exciting new features of present day mathematics. The book explains how the problem of applicability once again plays a central role in the development of mathematics. It examines how new languages different from the logical ones (mostly figural), are recognized as valid and experimented with and how unifying concepts (structure, category, set) are in competition for those who look at this form of unification. It further shows that traditional philosophies, such as constructivism, while still lively, are no longer only philosophies, but guidelines for research. Finally, the book demonstrates that the search for and validation of new axioms is analyzed with a blend of mathematical historical, philosophical, psychological considerations
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-10434-8
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  • 25
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    Vladimir Solov’ëv's Justification of the Moral Good : Moral Philosophy (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319127750
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (LXX, 435 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This new English translation of Solov’ëv’s principal ethical treatise, written in his later years, presents Solov’ëv’s mature views on a host of topics ranging from a critique of individualistic ethical systems to the death penalty, the meaning of war, animal rights, and environmentalism. Written for the educated public rather than for a narrow circle of specialists, Solov’ëv’s work largely avoids technical vocabulary while illustrating his points with references to classical literature from the ancient Greeks to Goethe. Although written from a deeply held Christian viewpoint, Solov’ëv emphasizes the turn from his earlier position, now allegedly developing the independence of moral philosophy from metaphysics and revealed religion. Solov’ëv sees the formal universality of the idea of the moral good in all human beings, albeit that this idea is bereft of material content. This first new English-language translation in a century makes a unique contribution to the study of Solov’ëv’s thought. It uses the text of the second edition published in 1899 as its main text, but provides the variations and additions from the earlier versions of each chapter in running notes. Other unique features of this translation are that the pagination of the widely available 1914 edition is provided in the text, and the sources of Solov’ëv’s numerous Biblical quotations and references as well as literary and historical allusions
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-12775-0
    URL: Volltext
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  • 26
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    Science Between Truth and Ethical Responsibility : Evandro Agazzi in the Contemporary Scientific and Philosophical Debate (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319163697
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 337 p. 7 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Science Between Truth and Ethical Responsibility
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ethics ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This book offers the most complete and up-to-date overview of the philosophical work of Evandro Agazzi, presently the most important Italian philosopher of science, and one of the most influential in the world. Scholars from seven countries explore his contributions in areas ranging from philosophy of physics and general philosophy of science to bioethics, philosophy of mathematics and logic, epistemology of the social sciences and history of science, philosophy of language and artificial intelligence, education and anthropology, metaphysics, and philosophy of religion. Agazzi developed a complete and coherent philosophical system, anticipating some of the turns in the philosophy of science after the crisis of logical empiricism and exerting an equal influence on continental hermeneutic philosophy. His work is characterized by an original synthesis of contemporary analytic philosophy, phenomenology, and classical philosophy, including the scholastic tradition, and these threads are reflected in the different backgrounds of the contributors to this book. While upholding the epistemological value of science against scepticism and relativism, Agazzi eschews scientism by stressing the equal importance of non-scientific forms of thought, such as metaphysics and religion. While defending the freedom of research as a cognitive enterprise, he argues that as a human and social practice it must nonetheless respect ethical constraints
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16369-7
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  • 27
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    Responsible Innovation 2 : Concepts, Approaches, and Applications (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319173085
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 303 p. 12 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Humanities ; Social sciences ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This book discusses issues regarding conceptualization, governance and implementation of responsible innovation. It treats different approaches to making responsible innovation a reality and it contains new case studies that illustrate challenges and solutions. Research on Responsible Innovation is by its nature highly multidisciplinary, and also pro-active, design-oriented and policy-relevant. Until a few years back, the concept of Responsible Innovation was hardly used - nowadays it is increasingly receiving attention from both researchers and policy makers. This is indispensable reading for anyone interested in or working on innovation
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17308-5
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  • 28
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    The Sense of Things : Toward a Phenomenological Realism (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319153957
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 118 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 118
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Ales Bello, Angela, 1939 - The sense of things
    RVK:
    CI 1120
    RVK:
    CC 4400
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Idealismus ; Realismus ; Bewusstsein ; Subjekt-Objekt-Problem ; Phänomenologie ; Erkenntnistheorie
    Abstract: This book proposes a new interpretative key for reading and overcoming the binary of idealism and realism. It explores the way human consciousness unfolds through the relationship between the I and the world-a field of phenomenological investigation that cannot and must not remain closed within the limits of its own disciplinary boundaries. The book focuses on the question of realism in contemporary debates, ultimately dismantling prejudices and automatisms that one finds therein. It shows that at the root of the controversy between realism and idealism there often lie equivocations of a semantic nature. By returning to the origins of modern phenomenology this study mines the Husserlian concept of transcendental idealism. Following this path, and neutralizing the extreme positions of an acritical idealism and a naïve realism, the book proposes a “transcendental realism”: the horizon of a dynamic unity that embraces the process of cognition and that grounds the relation, and not the subordination, of subject and object. The close reading of this reciprocity offered here allows one to surpass the limits of the domain of knowing, leading one to fundamental questions about the ultimate sense of things and their origin
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-15395-7
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    Investigations Into the Phenomenology and the Ontology of the Work of Art : What are Artworks and How Do We Experience Them? (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319140902
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 264 p. 40 illus., 8 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 81
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Investigations into the phenomenology and the ontology of the work of art
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Consciousness ; Aesthetics ; Phenomenology ; Cognitive psychology. ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Ästhetik ; Ästhetische Wahrnehmung
    Abstract: This book investigates the nature of aesthetic experience and aesthetic objects. Written by leading philosophers, psychologists, literary scholars and semioticians, the book addresses two intertwined issues. The first is related to the phenomenology of aesthetic experience: The understanding of how human beings respond to artworks, how we process linguistic or visual information, and what properties in artworks trigger aesthetic experiences. The examination of the properties of aesthetic experience reveals essential aspects of our perceptual, cognitive, and semiotic capacities. The second issue studied in this volume is related to the ontology of the work of art: Written or visual artworks are a specific type of objects, containing particular kinds of representation which elicit a particular kind of experience. The research question explored is: What properties in artful objects trigger this type of experience, and what characterizes representation in written and visual artworks? The volume sets the scene for state-of-the-art inquiries in the intersection between the psychology and ontology of art. The investigations of the relation between the properties of artworks and the characteristics of aesthetic experience increase our insight into what art is. In addition, they shed light on essential properties of human meaning-making in general
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-14090-2
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    The Schutzian Theory of the Cultural Sciences (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319136530
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 211 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 78
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This work is devoted to developing as well as expounding the theory of the cultural sciences of the philosopher Alfred Schutz (1899-1959). Drawing on all of Schutz’s seven volumes in English, the book shows how his philosophical theory consists of the reflective clarifications of the disciplinary definitions, basic concepts, and distinctive methods of particular cultural sciences as well as their species and genus. The book first expounds Schutz’s own theories of economics, jurisprudence, political science, sociology, and psychology. It then extends his approach to other disciplines, offering new theories of archaeology, ethnology, and psychotherapy in his spirit in order to stimulate the development of Schutzian theories in these and other disciplines. The second part of the book contains complementary philosophical chapters devoted to culture, groups, ideal types, interdisciplinarity, meaning, relevance, social tension, and verification
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-13653-0
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    Guantanamo and Other Cases of Enforced Medical Treatment : A Biopolitical Analysis (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319226538
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 100 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2015
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Ethics
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Garasic, Mirko Daniel Guantanamo and other cases of enforced medical treatment
    RVK:
    CC 7700
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Neurosciences ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Public health laws ; Philosophy ; Biopolitik ; Ethik
    Abstract: This volume presents a number of controversial cases of enforced medical treatment from around the globe, providing for the first time a common, biopolitcal framework for all of them. Bringing together all these real cases guarantees that a new, more complete understanding of the topic will be within grasp for readers unacquainted with the aspects involved in these cases. On the one hand, readers interested mainly in the legal and medical dimensions of cases like those considered will benefit from the explanation of the biopolitical framework within which each case develops. On the other hand, those focusing on only one of the situations presented here will find the parallels between the cases an interesting expansion of the complexity of the problem. Despite the book's ambitious goal, for those willing to use it as supplemental material or interested in only one of the cases, the chapters can function as self-standing pieces to be read separately. This volume will be a valuable tool for both academics and professionals. Bioethicists in both the analytic and continental traditions, will find the book interesting for not only the specific concepts and issues considered, but also for its constructive bridging of the two schools of thought. In addition to philosophers, the structure of this work will also appeal to lawyers, doctors, human rights activists, and anyone concerned in the most disparate way with real-life cases of enforced medical treatment
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-22653-8
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    Language, Discourse, and Praxis in Ancient China (2015)
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783642548659
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 167 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Sun, Zhenbin Language, discourse, and praxis in ancient China
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Semantics ; Philosophy ; Ethik ; Sprachphilosophie ; Konfuzianismus
    Abstract: This book investigates Chinese comprehension and treatment of the relationship between language and reality. The work examines ancient Chinese philosophy through the pair of concepts known as ming-shi. By analyzing the pre-Qin thinkers’ discourse on ming and shi, the work explores how Chinese philosophers dealt with issues not only in language but also in ontology, epistemology, ethics, axiology, and logic. Through this discourse analysis, readers are invited to rethink the relationship of language to thought and behavior. The author criticizes and corrects vital misunderstandings of Chinese culture and highlights the anti-dualism and pragmatic character of Chinese thoughts. The rich meaning of the ming-shi pair is displayed by revealing its connection to other philosophical issues. The chapters show how discourse on language and reality shapes a central characteristic of Chinese culture, the practical zhi. They illuminate the interplay of Chinese theories of language and Dao as Chinese wisdom and worldview. Readers who are familiar with pragmatics and postmodernism will recognize the common points in ancient Chinese philosophy and contemporary Western philosophy, as they emerge through these chapters. The work will particularly appeal to scholars of philosophy, philosophy of language, communication studies and linguistics
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-54865-9
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    Dag Prawitz on Proofs and Meaning (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319110417
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 458 p. 6 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Outstanding Contributions to Logic 7
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Dag Prawitz on Proofs and Meaning
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Logic design ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Logic ; Logic design ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Bibliografie ; Prawitz, Dag 1936- ; Verifikation ; Logik ; Prawitz, Dag 1936-
    Abstract: This volume is dedicated to Prof. Dag Prawitz and his outstanding contributions to philosophical and mathematical logic. Prawitz's eminent contributions to structural proof theory, or general proof theory, as he calls it, and inference-based meaning theories have been extremely influential in the development of modern proof theory and anti-realistic semantics. In particular, Prawitz is the main author on natural deduction in addition to Gerhard Gentzen, who defined natural deduction in his PhD thesis published in 1934. The book opens with an introductory paper that surveys Prawitz's numerous contributions to proof theory and proof-theoretic semantics and puts his work into a somewhat broader perspective, both historically and systematically. Chapters include either in-depth studies of certain aspects of Dag Prawitz's work or address open research problems that are concerned with core issues in structural proof theory and range from philosophical essays to papers of a mathematical nature. Investigations into the necessity of thought and the theory of grounds and computational justifications as well as an examination of Prawitz's conception of the validity of inferences in the light of three “dogmas of proof-theoretic semantics” are included. More formal papers deal with the constructive behaviour of fragments of classical logic and fragments of the modal logic S4 among other topics. In addition, there are chapters about inversion principles, normalization of proofs, and the notion of proof-theoretic harmony and other areas of a more mathematical persuasion. Dag Prawitz also writes a chapter in which he explains his current views on the epistemic dimension of proofs and addresses the question why some inferences succeed in conferring evidence on their conclusions when applied to premises for which one already possesses evidence
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-11041-7
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    Chronos in Aristotle’s Physics : On the Nature of Time (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319178349
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 75 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Philosophy
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This book is a contribution both to Aristotle studies and to the philosophy of nature, and not only offers a thorough text based account of time as modally potentiality in Aristotle’s account, but also clarifies the process of “actualizing time” as taking time and looks at the implications of conceiving a world without actual time. It speaks to the resurgence of interest in Aristotle’s natural philosophy and will become an important resource for anyone interested in Aristotle’s theory of time, of its relationship to Aristotle’s larger project in the Physics, and to time’s place in the broader scope of Aristotelian natural science. Graduate students and scholars researching in this area especially will find the authors arguments provocative, a welcome addition to other recent publications on Aristotle’s Treatise on Time
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17834-9
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    Kuhn’s Structure of Scientific Revolutions - 50 Years On (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319133836
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 199 p. 8 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 311
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Ethics ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy
    Abstract: In 1962, the publication of Thomas Kuhn’s Structure ‘revolutionized’ the way one conducts philosophical and historical studies of science. Through the introduction of both memorable and controversial notions, such as paradigms, scientific revolutions, and incommensurability, Kuhn argued against the traditionally accepted notion of scientific change as a progression towards the truth about nature, and instead substituted the idea that science is a puzzle solving activity, operating under paradigms, which become discarded after it fails to respond accordingly to anomalous challenges and a rival paradigm. Kuhn’s Structure has sold over 1.4 million copies and the Times Literary Supplement named it one of the “Hundred Most Influential Books since the Second World War.” Now, fifty years after this groundbreaking work was published, this volume offers a timely reappraisal of the legacy of Kuhn’s book and an investigation into what Structure offers philosophical, historical, and sociological studies of science in the future
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-13383-6
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    Engineering Identities, Epistemologies and Values : Engineering Education and Practice in Context, Volume 2 (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319161723
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXIV, 416 p. 18 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Philosophy of Engineering and Technology 21
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Engineering education and practice in context ; volume 2: Engineering identities, epistemologies and values
    RVK:
    CC 8700
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ethics ; Technology Philosophy ; Engineering design ; Philosophy ; Technik ; Ausbildung ; Philosophie
    Abstract: This second companion volume on engineering studies considers engineering practice including contextual analyses of engineering identity, epistemologies, and values. Key overlapping questions examine such issues as an engineering identity, engineering self-understandings enacted in the professional world, distinctive characters of engineering knowledge, and how engineering science and engineering design interact in practice. Authors bring with them perspectives from their institutional homes in Europe, North America, Australia, and Asia. The volume includes 24 contributions by more than 30 authors from engineering, the social sciences, and the humanities. Additional issues the chapters scrutinize include prominent norms of engineering, how they interact with the values of efficiency or environmental sustainability. A concluding set of articles considers the meaning of context more generally by asking if engineers create their own contexts or are they created by contexts. Taken as a whole, this collection of original scholarly work is unique in its broad, multidisciplinary consideration of the changing character of engineering practice
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16172-3
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    Alexius Meinong, The Shepherd of Non-Being (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319180755
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXII, 434 p. 24 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 360
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
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    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This book explores the thought of Alexius Meinong, a philosopher known for his unconventional theory of reference and predication. The chapters cover a natural progression of topics, beginning with the origins of Gegenstandstheorie, Meinong’s theory of objects, and his discovery of assumptions as a fourth category of mental states to supplement his teacher Franz Brentano’s references to presentations, feelings, and judgments. The chapters explore further the meaning and metaphysics of fictional and other nonexistent intended objects, fine points in Meinongian object theory are considered and new and previously unanticipated problems are addressed. The author traces being and non-being, and aspects of beingless objects including objects in fiction, ideal objects in scientific theory, objects ostensibly referred to in false science and false history, and intentional imaginative projection of future states of affairs. The chapters focus on an essential choice of conceptual, logical, semantic, ontic and more generally metaphysical problems, and an argument is progressively developed from the first to the final chapter, as key ideas are introduced and refined. Meinong studies have come a long way from Bertrand Russell’s off-target criticisms, and recent times have seen a rise of interest in a Meinongian approach to logic and the theory of meaning. New thinkers see Meinong as a bridge figure between analytic and continental thought, thanks to the need for an adequate semantics of meaning in philosophy of language and philosophy of mind, making this book a particularly timely publication
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-18075-5
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    Husserl and Heidegger on Reduction, Primordiality, and the Categorial : Phenomenology Beyond its Original Divide (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319166223
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXVI, 381 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 83
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Theodorou, Panos Husserl and Heidegger on reduction, primordiality, and the categorial
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 ; Reduktion ; Heidegger, Martin 1889-1976 ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 ; Reduktion ; Heidegger, Martin 1889-1976
    Abstract: This book deals with foundational issues in Phenomenology as they arise in the smoldering but tense dispute between Husserl and Heidegger, which culminates in the late 1920s. The work focuses on three key issues around which a constellation of other important problems revolves. More specifically, it elucidates the phenomenological method of the reductions, the identity and content of primordial givenness, and the meaning and character of categorial intuition. The text interrogates how Husserl and Heidegger understand these points, and clarifies the precise nature of their disagreements. The book thus sheds light on the meaning of intentionality and of its foundation on pre-objective time, on the sense of the phenomenological a priori, on intentional constitution, on the relatedness between intentionality and world, and on Heidegger’s debt to Husserl’s categorial intuition in formulating the question regarding Being/Nothing. The author revisits these fundamental issues in order to suggest a general intra-phenomenological settlement, and to do justice to the corresponding contributions of these two central figures in phenomenological philosophy. He also indicates a way of reconciling and interweaving some of their views in order to free Phenomenology from its inner divisions and limitations, enabling it to move forward. Phenomenology can re-examine itself, its obligations, and its possibilities, and this can be of benefit to contemporary philosophy, especially with regard to problems concerning consciousness, intentionality, experience, and human existence and praxis within a historical world in crisis. This book is ideally suited to students and scholars of Husserl and Heidegger, to philosophers of mind, consciousness and cognition, and to anyone with a serious interest in Phenomenology
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16622-3
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    Beauty, Ugliness and the Free Play of Imagination : An Approach to Kant's Aesthetics (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319198996
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 152 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in German Idealism 17
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Philosophy, classical ; Humanities ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This book presents a solution to the problem known in philosophical aesthetics as the paradox of ugliness, namely, how an object that is displeasing can retain our attention and be greatly appreciated. It does this by exploring and refining the most sophisticated and thoroughly worked out theoretical framework of philosophical aesthetics, Kant’s theory of taste, which was put forward in part one of the Critique of the Power of Judgment. The book explores the possibility of incorporating ugliness, a negative aesthetic concept, into the overall Kantian aesthetic picture. It addresses a debate of the last two decades over whether Kant's aesthetics should allow for a pure aesthetic judgment of ugliness. The book critically reviews the main interpretations of Kant’s central notion of the free play of imagination and understanding, and offers a new interpretation of free play, one that allows for the possibility of a disharmonious state of mind and ugliness. In addition, the book also applies an interpretation of ugliness in Kant’s aesthetics to resolve certain issues that have been raised in contemporary aesthetics, namely the possibility of appreciating artistic and natural ugliness and the role of disgust in artistic representation. Offering a theoretical and practical analysis of different kinds of negative aesthetic experiences, this book will help readers acquire a better understanding of his or her own evaluative processes, which may be helpful in coping with complex aesthetic experiences. Readers will gain unique insight into how ugliness can be offensive, yet, at the same time, fascinating, interesting and captivating.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-19899-6
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    The Laws of Scientific Change (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319175966
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 275 p. 123 illus., 63 illus. in color, online resource)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2015
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy
    Abstract: This book systematically creates a general descriptive theory of scientific change that explains the mechanics of changes in both scientific theories and the methods of their assessment. It was once believed that, while scientific theories change through time, their change itself is governed by a fixed method of science. Nowadays we know that there is no such thing as an unchangeable method of science; the criteria employed by scientists in theory evaluation also change through time. But if that is so, how and why do theories and methods change? Are there any general laws that govern this process, or is the choice of theories and methods completely arbitrary and random? Contrary to the widespread opinion, the book argues that scientific change is indeed a law-governed process and that there can be a general descriptive theory of scientific change. It does so by first presenting meta-theoretical issues, divided into chapters on the scope, possibility and assessment of theory of scientific change. It then builds a theory about the general laws that govern the process of scientific change, and goes into detail about the axioms and theorems of the theory
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17596-6
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    Modest Nonconceptualism : Epistemology, Phenomenology, and Content (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319189024
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 268 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in Brain and Mind 8
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of mind
    Abstract: The author defends nonconceptualism, the claim that perceptual experience is nonconceptual and has nonconceptual content. Continuing the heated and complex debate surrounding this topic over the past two decades, she offers a sustained defense of a novel version of the view, Modest Nonconceptualism, and provides a systematic overview of some of the central controversies in the debate. The volume starts off with an explication of the notion of nonconceptual content and a distinction between nonconceptualist views of different strengths, then the author goes on to defend participants in the debate over nonconceptual content against the allegation that their failure to distinguish between a state view and a content view of (non)conceptualism leads to fatal problems for their views. Next, she makes a case for nonconceptualism by refining some of the central arguments for the view, such as the arguments from fineness of grain, from contradictory contents, from animal and infant perception, and from concept acquisition. Then, two central objections against nonconceptualism are rebutted in a novel way: the epistemological objection and the objection from objectivity. Modest Nonconceptualism allows for perceptual experiences to involve some conceptual elements. It emphasizes the relevance of concept employment for an understanding of conceptual and nonconceptual mental states and identifies the nonconceptual content of experience with scenario content. It insists on the possibility of genuine content-bearing perceptual experience without concept possession and is thus in line with the Autonomy Thesis. Finally, it includes an account of perceptual justification that relies on the external contents of experience and belief, yet is compatible with epistemological internalism
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Introduction2 Content, Concepts, Concept Possession -- 3 Nonconceptual Content -- 4 Arguments from Phenomenology -- 5 The Argument from Contradictory Contents -- 6 Arguments from Concept Possession -- 7 The Epistemological Objection -- 8 The Objection from Objectivity -- 9 Modest Nonconceptualism Vindicated.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-18902-4
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    Content and Consciousness Revisited : With Replies by Daniel Dennett (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319173740
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 220 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in Brain and Mind 7
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Content and consciousness revisited
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of mind ; Neurobiology ; Consciousness ; Philosophy ; Rezeption ; Dennett, D. C. 1942-2024 Content and consciousness ; Rezeption
    Abstract: What are the grounds for the distinction between the mental and the physical? What is it the relation between ascribing mental states to an organism and understanding its behavior? Are animals and complex systems vehicles of inner evolutionary environments? Is there a difference between personal and sub-personal level processes in the brain? Answers to these and other questions were developed in Daniel Dennett’s first book, Content and Consciousness (1969), where he sketched a unified theoretical framework for views that are now considered foundational in cognitive science and philosophy of mind. Content and Consciousness Revisited is devoted to reconsider the ideas and ideals introduced in Dennett’s seminal book, by covering its fundamental concepts, hypotheses and approaches, and taking into account the findings and progress which have taken place during more than four decades. This book includes original and critical contributions about the relations between science and philosophy, the personal/sub-personal level distinction, intelligence, learning, intentionality, rationality, propositional attitudes, among other issues of scientific and philosophical interest. Each chapter embraces an updated approach to several disciplines, like cognitive science, cognitive psychology, philosophy of mind, and cognitive psychiatry
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17374-0
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    Healing and change in the city of gold : case studies of coping and support in Johannesburg (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319087672 , 3319087673
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 187 S.
    Series Statement: Peace psychology book series
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Palmary, Ingrid Healing and Change in the City of Gold
    RVK:
    LC 56585
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Psychology, clinical ; Applied psychology ; Psychology ; Applied psychology ; Philosophy (General) ; Psychology ; Psychology, clinical ; Sozialpsychologie ; Johannesburg
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  • 44
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    Confucianism, Buddhism, Daoism, Christianity and Chinese Culture (2015)
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783662455333
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 317 p. 2 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: China Academic Library
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Tang, Yijie, 1927 - 2014 Confucianism, Buddhism, Daoism, Christianity and Chinese culture
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; China ; Religion ; Philosophie ; Kultur ; China ; Konfuzianismus ; Taoismus ; Buddhismus ; Christentum ; China ; Konfuzianismus ; Buddhismus ; Taoismus ; Christentum ; Religiöser Pluralismus ; Religiöse Identität ; Kulturelle Identität ; China ; Kulturphilosophie ; Religionsphilosophie
    Abstract: This book collects the 25 most important articles written by Professor Tang since the 1980s, dealing extensively with issues of Confucianism, Buddhism, Daoism, Christianity and Chinese culture. In these articles, Professor Tang proves his value as a worthy successor to the Chinese philosophical tradition, while also open to the latest trends of thought both at home and abroad. The late Professor Tang Yijie (1927-2014) was a prominent professor at Peking University and China’s top scholar on philosophy and Chinese studies. He spearheaded the Confucian Canon project (**), which seeks to compile all known classical works on Confucianism, comparable in scope and significance to the Complete Library of the Four Treasuries (****), the largest collection of books on Chinese history, which was commissioned by the Qianlong Emperor in the 18th century. Throughout his life, Professor Tang published scores of books and more than one hundred articles, offering enlightening insights into how to deal with issues that have historically troubled and continue to trouble people in modern society. Among his numerous innovations, Professor Tang is especially remembered for introducing the concept of “harmony in diversity”（****）. In the context of “the clash of civilizations” championed by Samuel P. Huntington, Tang argued for harmony in diversity, holding that this principle can offer some clues to help enable peoples, nations, and regions with different cultural traditions to develop together while remaining unique. note: * represents Chinese character, please refer to BCC file.
    Description / Table of Contents: Confucianism & Constructive PostmodernismThe Contemporary Significance of Confucianism -- Towards a Chinese Hermeneutics -- Emotion in Pre-Qin Ruist Moral Theory: An Explanation of Dao Begins in Qing -- Some Reflections on New Confucianism in Chinese Mainland Culture of the 1990s -- The Problem of Harmonious Communities in Ancient China -- An Inquiry into the Possibility of a Third-Phase Development of Confucianism -- Immanence and Transcendence in Chinese Chan Buddhism -- The Introduction of Indian Buddhism into China: A Perspective on the Meaning of Studies in Comparative Philosophy and Comparative Religion -- Relationships Between Traditional and Imported Thought and Culture in China: The Importation of Buddhism -- On the Dao De Jing (Tao Te Ching) -- The Origin and Characteristics of Daoism (Taoism) -- The Daoist Religion of China -- The Attempt of Matteo Ricci to Link Chinese and Western Cultures -- The Possible Orientations of Chinese Culture in the Context of Globalization -- Prospects for the Study of History of Chinese Philosophy, and the Issue of the True, the Good and the Beautiful in China’s Traditional Philosophy -- Questions Concerning the Categorical System of Traditional Chinese Philosophy -- New Progress in the Study of the History of Chinese Philosophy -- A Reconsideration of the Question of “the True, the Good, and the Beautiful” in Traditional Chinese Philosophy -- Chinese Traditional Cultures and Corporate Management -- A Study of the Question of Chinas Cultural Development -- The Enlightenment and its Difficult Journey in China -- The Coexistence of Cultural Diversity: Sources of the Value of Harmony in Diversity -- On the Clash and Coexistence of Human Civilization -- Constructing Chinese Philosophy in Sino-European Cultural Exchange.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-45533-3
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    Linking Game-Theoretical Approaches with Constructive Type Theory : Dialogical Strategies, CTT demonstrations and the Axiom of Choice (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319190631
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 99 p. 26 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Philosophy
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Clerbout, Nicolas Linking game-theoretical approaches with constructive type theory
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Computer science ; Mathematics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Computer science ; Mathematics ; Computer science ; Logic ; Mathematics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logik
    Abstract: This title links two of the most dominant research streams in philosophy of logic, namely game theory and proof theory. As the work’s subtitle expresses, the authors will build this link by means of the dialogical approach to logic. One important aspect of the present study is that the authors restrict themselves to the logically valid fragment of Constructive Type Theory (CTT). The reason is that, once that fragment is achieved the result can be extended to cover the whole CTT system. The first chapters in the brief offer overviews on the two frameworks discussed in the book with an emphasis on the dialogical framework. The third chapter demonstrates the left-to-right direction of the equivalence result. This is followed by a chapter that demonstrates the use of the algorithm in showing how to transform a specific winning strategy into a CCT-demonstration of the axiom of choice. The fifth chapter develops the algorithm from CTT-demonstrations to dialogical strategies. This brief concludes by introducing elements of discussion which are to be developed in subsequent work
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Brief Reminder of Constructive Type TheoryChapter 2. Dialogues with Play-Objects -- Chapter 3. From dialogical strategies to CTT demonstrations -- Chapter 4. The dialogical take on the Axiom of Choice, and its translation into CTT -- Chapter 5. Building a winning P-strategy out of a CTT demonstration -- Chapter 6. Conclusions and Work in Progress.  .
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-19063-1
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  • 46
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    Modality, Semantics and Interpretations : The Second Asian Workshop on Philosophical Logic (2015)
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783662471975
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 188 p. 8 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Logic in Asia: Studia Logica Library
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Modality, semantics and interpretations
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Logik
    Abstract: This contributed volume includes both theoretical research on philosophical logic and its applications in artificial intelligence, mostly employing the concepts and techniques of modal logic. It collects selected papers presented at the Second Asia Workshop on Philosophical Logic, held in Guangzhou, China in 2014, as well as a number of invited papers by specialists in related fields. The contributions represent pioneering philosophical logic research in Asia.
    Abstract: This contributed volume includes both theoretical research on philosophical logic and its applications in artificial intelligence, mostly employing the concepts and techniques of modal logic. It collects selected papers presented at the Second Asia Workshop on Philosophical Logic, held in Guangzhou, China in 2014, as well as a number of invited papers by specialists in related fields. The contributions represent pioneering philosophical logic research in Asia
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-47197-5
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  • 47
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    Phenomenology in Action in Psychotherapy : On Pure Psychology and its Applications in Psychotherapy and Mental Health Care (2015)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319136059
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 342 p. 20 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology, In Cooperation with The Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology 79
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Psychoanalysis ; Applied psychology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Psychoanalysis ; Applied psychology ; Psychotherapie ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 ; Phänomenologie
    Abstract: This book takes Edmund Husserl’s phenomenology and applies it to help psychotherapy practitioners formulate complex psychological problems. The reader will learn about Husserl’s system of understanding and its concepts that point to first-person lived experience, and about the work of Husserl scholars who have developed a way to be precise about the experiences that clients have. Through exploring the connection between academic philosophy of consciousness and mental health, themes of biopsychosocial treatment planning, psychopathology of personality and psychological disorders, and the treatment of complex psychological problems become clear. The author shows that Husserlian phenomenology can be used in the design of interventions for clients in a process called formulation. Once the intentionality of consciousness is understood, by asking simple questions, it becomes possible to define problematic experiences. This is a means of creating informed consent for treatment and it makes it clear to clients what is happening for them, so helping them understand themselves and how they see the world. We also see how Husserl’s phenomenology is a vehicle for psychotherapists to present their knowledge about the research literature of what has been found to be effective care. This volume applies the concepts and practices of phenomenology in a concrete way, relating them to the practice of therapy and showing the value of a qualitative approach to understanding mental processes and the nature of human beings as motivated by values, meanings and other conscious experiences. This is a readable text in simple language that condenses key aspects of Husserl’s thinking in relation to the theory and practice of psychotherapy, and it is suitable for philosophers and practitioners of psychology, psychiatry, and the psychotherapies, including psychoanalysis
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface1 Introduction: The naturalistic attitude cannot grasp meaning for consciousness -- Part I: Defining phenomenology and pure psychology -- 2 Phenomenology and meaning for consciousness -- 3 Two interpretative positions in phenomenology -- 4 The reflective method of the pure psychology of consciousness -- 5 Concluding on the ideals of the things themselves -- Part II: The findings on meaning for consciousness -- 6 Concluding on biopsychosocial essences -- 7 The being of consciousness -- 8 The pure psychology of meaning -- 9 Consciousness in its habitat of other consciousness -- Part III: Applying pure psychology to psychotherapy and mental health care -- 10 Formulations of intentionality -- 11 On meta-representation: The theoretical and practical consequences of intentionality -- 12 Two telling examples about belief and time -- 13 A formulation of the ego and its context -- 14 Formulating syndromes -- 15 On being unable to control variables in intersubjectivity -- 16 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Name index -- Subject index.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-13605-9
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    Nuel Belnap on Indeterminism and Free Action (2014)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319017549
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 409 p. 42 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Outstanding Contributions to Logic 2
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Nuel Belnap on indeterminism and free action
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science. ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; Metaphysics ; Belnap, Nuel D. 1930- ; Handlungslogik ; Indeterminismus ; Handlungsfreiheit ; Belnap, Nuel D. 1930- ; Willensfreiheit ; Handlungstheorie
    Abstract: This volume seeks to further the use of formal methods in clarifying one of the central problems of philosophy: that of our free human agency and its place in our indeterministic world. It celebrates the important contributions made in this area by Nuel Belnap, American logician and philosopher. Philosophically, indeterminism and free action can seem far apart, but in Belnap’s work, they are intimately linked. This book explores their philosophical interconnectedness through a selection of original research papers that build forth on Belnap’s logical and philosophical work. Some contributions take the form of critical discussions of Belnap's published work, some develop points made in his publications in new directions, and others provide additional insights on the topics of indeterminism and free action. In Nuel Belnap’s work on indeterminism and free action, three formal frameworks figure prominently: the simple branching histories framework known as "branching time;" its relativistic spatio-temporal extension, branching space-times; and the “seeing to it that” (stit) logic of agency. As those frameworks provide the formal background for the contributed papers, the volume introduction gives an overview of the current state of their development. It also introduces case-intensional first order logic (CIFOL), a general intensional logic offering resources for a first-order extension of the mentioned frameworks and a recent research focus of Belnap’s. The volume also contains an extended biographical interview with Nuel Belnap
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-01754-9
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    Jacob Sigismund Beck’s Standpunctslehre and the Kantian Thing-in-itself Debate : The Relation Between a Representation and its Object (2014)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319059846
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 398 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in German Idealism 16
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Nitzan, Lior Jacob Sigismund Beck’s Standpunctslehre and the Kantian Thing-in-itself Debate
    RVK:
    CF 1250
    RVK:
    CF 5017
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy ; Genetic epistemology ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Beck, Jacob Sigismund 1761-1840 ; Ding an sich ; Abstraktion ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Kantianismus
    Abstract: This book examines the unique views of philosopher Jacob Sigismund Beck, a student of Immanuel Kant who devoted himself to an exploration of his teacher's doctrine and to showing that Kant’s transcendental idealism is, contra to the common view, both internally consistent and is not a form of subjective idealism. In his attempt to explain away certain apparent contradictions found in Kant's system, Beck put forward a new reading of Kant’s critical theory, a view, which came to be known as the Standpunctslehre, the Doctrine of the Standpoint. Author Lior Nitzan reconstructs, step by step, the historical development of Beck’s doctrine. He shows how Beck's unique view is drastically different from that of his contemporaries and presents the relevance of Beck to contemporary debates about the proper interpretation of Kant’s notion of objectivity, the refutation of idealism and the role of the thing in itself in Kant’s transcendental idealism. In doing so, Nitzan presents a defense of Beck's radical perspective of Kant’s theory and claims that some of Kant’s negative responses to it may in fact be due more to the adversary academic environment at the time than to Kant’s true, well considered, opinion. Jacob Sigismund Beck’s Standpunctslehre challenges the two dominant schools in the interpretation of Kant’s transcendental idealism-the "two world" and the "two aspect" view. It presents a new way of understanding Kant’s transcendental idealism, according to which the thing in itself plays no positive role in relation to the possibility of experience. Moreover, it claims that eliminating the thing in itself as the ultimate object of knowledge is not to admit idealism but in fact is the only way to consistently uphold realism. In addition, the book also addresses the question why, assuming that the proposed interpretation is correct, Kant had chosen not to make his true intentions clear
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-05984-6
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  • 50
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    Interdisciplinary Works in Logic, Epistemology, Psychology and Linguistics : Dialogue, Rationality, and Formalism (2014)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319030449
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 372 p. 45 illus., 1 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning, Interdisciplinary Perspectives from the Humanities and Social Sciences 3
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Interdisciplinary works in logic, epistemology, psychology and linguistics
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Semantics ; Psychometrics ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Logik ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Kommunikation ; Pathologie
    Abstract: This book presents comparisons of recent accounts in the formalization of natural language (dynamic logics and formal semantics) with informal conceptions of interaction (dialogue, natural logic, and attribution of rationality) that have been developed in both psychology and epistemology. There are four parts which explore: historical and systematic studies; the formalization of context in epistemology; the formalization of reasoning in interactive contexts in psychology; the formalization of pathological conversations. Part one discusses the Erlangen School, which proposed a logical analysis of science as well as an operational reconstruction of psychological concepts. These first chapters provide epistemological and psychological insights into a conceptual reassessment of rational reconstruction from a pragmatic point of view. The second focus is on formal epistemology, where there has recently been a vigorous contribution from experts in epistemic and doxatic logics and an attempt to account for a more realistic, cognitively plausible conception of knowledge. The third part of this book examines the meeting point between logic and the human and social sciences and the fourth part focuses on research at the intersection between linguistics and psychology. Internationally renowned scholars have contributed to this volume, building on the findings and themes relevant to an interdisciplinary scientific project called DiaRaFor (“Dialogue, Rationality, Formalisms”) which was hosted by the MSH Lorraine (Lorraine Institute for Social Sciences and Humanities) from 2007 to 2011
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-03044-9
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    A Mathematical Prelude to the Philosophy of Mathematics (2014)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319058160
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 202 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Mathematical prelude to the philosophy of mathematics
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Mathematik ; Grundlage ; Mathematische Logik ; Mengenlehre ; Mathematik ; Logik ; Erkenntnistheorie
    Abstract: This book is based on two premises: one cannot understand philosophy of mathematics without understanding mathematics and one cannot understand mathematics without doing mathematics. It draws readers into philosophy of mathematics by having them do mathematics. It offers 298 exercises, covering philosophically important material, presented in a philosophically informed way. The exercises give readers opportunities to recreate some mathematics that will illuminate important readings in philosophy of mathematics. Topics include primitive recursive arithmetic, Peano arithmetic, Gödel's theorems, interpretability, the hierarchy of sets, Frege arithmetic, and intuitionist sentential logic. The book is intended for readers who understand basic properties of the natural and real numbers and have some background in formal logic
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-05816-0
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    Social Justice in Practice : Questions in Ethics and Political Philosophy (2014)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319046334
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 167 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics 14
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Räikkä, Juha Social justice in practice
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Soziale Gerechtigkeit ; Sozialphilosophie
    Abstract: In this book the practical dimension of social justice is explained using the analysis and discussion of a variety of well-known topics. These include: the relation between theory and practice in normative political philosophy; the issue of justice under uncertainty; the question of whether we can and should unmask social injustices by means of conspiracy theories; the issues of privacy and the right to privacy; the issue of how certain psychological states may affect our moral obligations, in particular the obligation to treat others fairly; and finally the concepts of morality, fairness, and self-deception. The primary goal of the book is to provide readers with an updated discussion of some important and practical social justice issues. These issues are presented from a new perspective, based on the author´s research. It is hoped that bringing these topics together in a single book will promote the emergence of new insights and challenges for future research. Juha Räikkä is a professor at the Department of Philosophy at the University of Turku, Finland. His research focuses on ethics and political philosophy
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-04633-4
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    Empirically informed ethics : morality between facts and norms (2014)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319013695
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 349 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Library of ethics and applied philosophy 32
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Empirically informed ethics
    RVK:
    CC 7260
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Biology Philosophy ; Applied psychology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Biology Philosophy ; Applied psychology ; Konferenzschrift 2010 ; Empirische Forschung ; Moralisches Urteil
    Abstract: This volume provides an overview of the most recent developments in empirical investigations of morality and assesses their impact and importance for ethical thinking. It involves contributions of scholars both from philosophy, theology and empirical sciences with firm standings in their own disciplines, but an inclination to step across borders-in particular the one between the world of facts and the world of norms. Human morality is complex, and probably even messy-and this clean distinction becomes blurred whenever one looks more closely at the various components that enable and influence our moral actions and ethical orientations. In that way, morality may indeed be located between facts and norms-and an empirically informed ethics that is less concerned with analytical purity but immerses into this moral complexity may be an important step to make the contributions of ethics to this world more valuable and relevant
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Bridging the Is-Ought-DichotomyPart I: What is Empirically Informed Ethics? -- Markus Christen, Mark Alfano’ Outlining the Field - A Research Program for Empirically Informed Ethics -- Johannes Fischer; What Kind of Ethics? - How the Understanding of the Fields Affects the Role of Empirical Research on Morality for Ethics -- Adriano Naves de Brito; Moral Behavior and Moral Sentiments - On the Natural Basis for Moral Values -- Part II: Investigating Origins of Morality -- Carel P. van Schaik, Judith Burkart, Adrian Jaeggi, Claudia Rudolf von Rohr; Morality as a Biological Adaptation - an Evolutionary Model based on the Lifestyle of Human Foragers -- Sarah F. Brosnan; Precursors of Morality - Evidence for Moral Behaviors in Non-Human Primates -- Jesse J. Prinz; Where Do Morals Come From? - A Plea for a Cultural Approach -- Part III: Assessing the Moral Agent -- Carmen Tanner, Markus Christen; Moral Intelligence - A Framework for Understanding Moral Competences -- Kristin Prehn, Hauke Heekeren; Moral Brains - Possibilities and Limits of the Neuroscience of Ethics -- Shaun Nichols, Mark Timmons, Theresa Lopez; Using Experiments in Ethics - Ethical Conservatism and the Psychology of Moral Luck -- Part IV: Justifications between Rational Reflections and Intuitions -- Ghislaine J.M.W. van Thiel, Johannes J.M. van Delden; Intuitions in Moral Reasoning - Normative Empirical Reflective Equilibrium as a Model for Substantial Justification of Moral Claims -- Bert Musschenga; Moral Expertise - The Role of Expert Judgments and Expert Intuitions in the Constitution of (Local) Ethical Theories -- Erich H. Witte &, Tobias Gollan; Social Variability in Moral Judgments - Analyzing the Justification of Actions using the Prescriptive Attribution Concept -- Part V: Practicing Morality and Ethics in the Real World; Darcia Narvaez, Daniel Lapsley -- Becoming a Moral Person - Moral Development and Moral Character Education as a Result of Social Interactions -- Markus Huppenbauer, Carmen Tanner; Ethical Leadership - How to Integrate Empirical and Ethical Aspects for Promoting Moral Decision Making in Business Practice -- Tanja Krones; The Empirical Turn in Bioethics - From Boundary Work to a Context-Sensitive, Transdisciplinary Field of Inquiry -- Critical Postscript -- Antti Kauppinen; Ethics and Empirical Psychology - Critical Remarks to Empirically Informed Ethics -- References -- Index -- Authors.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-01369-5
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    The Ethics of Information Warfare (2014)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319041353
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 211 p. 3 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Law, Governance and Technology Series 14
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. The Ethics of information warfare
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Computer science ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Computer science ; Computer science ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Technology / Philosophy ; Ethik ; Information warfare ; Gerechter Krieg
    Abstract: This book offers an overview of the ethical problems posed by Information Warfare, and of the different approaches and methods used to solve them, in order to provide the reader with a better grasp of the ethical conundrums posed by this new form of warfare. The volume is divided into three parts, each comprising four chapters. The first part focuses on issues pertaining to the concept of Information Warfare and the clarifications that need to be made in order to address its ethical implications. The second part collects contributions focusing on Just War Theory and its application to the case of Information Warfare. The third part adopts alternative approaches to Just War Theory for analysing the ethical implications of this phenomenon. Finally, an afterword by Neelie Kroes - Vice President of the European Commission and European Digital Agenda Commissioner - concludes the volume. Her contribution describes the interests and commitments of the European Digital Agenda with respect to research for the development and deployment of robots in various circumstances, including warfare
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface: M. Taddeo and L. FloridiPart  I -- 1 Fog in the Fifth Dimension: The Ethics of Cyber-war; Brian Orend -- 2 The Future Impact of a Long Period of Limited Cyber warfare on the Ethics of Warfare; Randall R. Dipert -- 3 Is Warfare the Right Frame for the Cyber Debate?; Patrick Lin, Fritz Allhoff, and Keith Abney -- 4 Technology, Information, and Modern Warfare: Challenges and Prospects in the 21st Century; Wayne McCormack and Deen Chatterjee -- Part II -- 5 Permissible Preventive Cyberwar:  Restricting Cyber Conflict to Justified Military Targets; George R. Lucas, Jr -- 6 Moral Cyber Weapons; Dorothy E. Denning and Bradley J. Strawser -- 7 The Ethics of Cyberattack; Steven P. Lee -- 8 Information Warfare and Just War Theory; M. Taddeo -- Part III -- 9 The Wrong in Cyberattacks; T. Simpson -- 10 Virtue in Cyber conflict; Don Howard -- 11 Armed Robots and Military Virtue; Shannon Vallor -- 12 Deception and Virtue in Robotic and Cyber Warfare; John P. Sullins -- Afterword - Robots and Warfare: Challenges and European Responses; Neelie Kroes.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-04135-3
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    Moral Contract Theory and Social Cognition : An Empirical Perspective (2014)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783319042626
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 233 p. 7 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Theory and Decision Library A:, Rational Choice in Practical Philosophy and Philosophy of Science 48
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Timmerman, Peter Moral contract theory and social cognition
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Political science Philosophy ; Applied psychology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Political science Philosophy ; Applied psychology ; Vertrag ; Metapher ; Sozialphilosophie
    Abstract: This interdisciplinary work draws on research from psychology and behavioral economics to evaluate the plausibility of moral contract theory. In a compelling manner with implications for moral theory more broadly, the author’s novel approach resolves a number of key contingencies in contractarianism and contractualism. Acting in accordance with principles that we could all agree to under certain conditions requires that agents are capable of taking up the perspectives of others. Research in social and developmental psychology shows just how challenging this can be. The author discusses in detail what implications findings on perspective-taking have for contract theory. He concludes with cautious optimism that, despite our limitations, it lies within our power to become better at perspective-taking and to adopt a contractarian or contractualist mode of moral thinking. This does however require us to be much more attentive to the standpoints of others than we tend to be. Contract theorists also assume that agents can be moved to comply with principles that would be the object of agreement, with some arguing they can be so moved out of their own interest. The book show that, in contrast to the suspicion of many philosophers, this idea is largely supported by research on the dynamics of trust and our ability to distinguish trustworthy from untrustworthy others. Bringing a welcome dose of realism to the debate on contract theory, the author shows the value of assessing moral theories from an empirical perspective
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgements.- I Introduction.- 1 The Practicability Assumption2 Contract Theory and Perspective-Taking -- 3 Perspective-Taking in Moral Judgment.- 4 Perspective-Taking Accuracy and the Contract Test.- 5 How to Use a Contract Test -- II The Translucency Assumption.- 6 Contract Theory and Translucency.- 7 Translucency and the Irrationality of Straightforward Maximization.- 8 Why Not Be an Opportunist?.- 9 When Constrained Maximization is Rational -- 10 Conclusions.- Appendix.-  Index.
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-04262-6
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  • 56
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    Ethics and Technology Assessment: A Participatory Approach (2014)
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783642450884
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 172 p. 8 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics 13
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Cotton, Matthew Ethics and technology assessment: a participatory approach
    RVK:
    CC 8280
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Technology Philosophy ; Industrial engineering ; Environmental law ; Environmental economics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Technology Philosophy ; Industrial engineering ; Environmental law ; Environmental economics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Technikphilosophie ; Ethik ; Technikphilosophie ; Ethik
    Abstract: Whether it is nuclear power, geo-engineering or genetically modified foods, the development of new technologies can be fraught with complex ethical challenges and political controversy which defy simple resolution. In the past two decades there has been a shift towards processes of Participatory Technology Assessment designed to build channels of two-way communication between technical specialists and non-expert citizens, and to incorporate multiple stakeholder perspectives in the governance of contentious technology programmes. This participatory turn has spurred a need for new tools and techniques to encourage group deliberation and capture public values, moral and choices. This book specifically examines the ethical dimensions of controversial technologies, and discusses how these can be evaluated in a philosophically robust manner when the ones doing the deliberating are not ethicists, legal or technical experts. Grounded in philosophical pragmatism and drawing upon empirical work in partnership with citizen-stakeholders, this book presents a model called “Reflective Ethical Mapping” - a new meta-ethical framework and toolbox of techniques to facilitate citizen engagement with technology ethics
    Description / Table of Contents: AcknowledgementsList of abbreviations -- Risk and public involvement in technology governance -- Ethics and technology -- Pragmatism, public deliberation and technology ethics -- Ethical tools -- Reflective Ethical Mapping -- Opening up ethical dialogue -- Judging and deciding -- Conclusions.
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-45088-4
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  • 57
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    English Writings of Hu Shih : Chinese Philosophy and Intellectual History (Volume 2) (2013)
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783642311819
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 306 p, digital)
    Series Statement: China Academic Library
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Hu, Shi, 1891 - 1962 English writings of Hu Shih ; 2: Chinese philosophy and intellectual history
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; History ; Philosophy
    Abstract: Hu Shih (1891-1962), Chinese philosopher, historian and diplomat. In the 1910s, Hu studied at Cornell University and later Columbia University, both in the United States. At Columbia, he was greatly influenced by his professor, John Dewey, and became a lifelong advocate of pragmatic evolutionary change. He received his Ph.D. in Philosophy in 1917 and returned to lecture at Peking University. Hu soon became one of the leading and most influential intellectuals during the May Fourth Movement and later the New Culture Movement. His most widely recognized achievement during this period was as a key contributor to Chinese liberalism and language reform in his advocacy for the use of written vernacular Chinese. Hu Shih was the Republic of China¡¯s Ambassador to the United States of America (1938¨C1942) and later Chancellor of Peking University (1946¨C1948). In 1939 Hu Shih was nominated for a Nobel Prize in literature and in 1958 became president of the ¡°Academia Sinica¡± in Taiwan, where he remained until his death in Nangang at the age of 71.This diverse collection brings together his English essays, speeches and academic papers, as well as book reviews, all written between 1919 and 1962. English Writings of Hu Shih represents his thinking and insights on such topics as scientific methodology, liberalism and democracy, and social problems. It can also serve as a helpful resource for those who study Hu Shih and his views on ancient and modern China
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-31181-9
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  • 58
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    English Writings of Hu Shih : Literature and Society (Volume 1) (2013)
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783642311840
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 198 p, digital)
    Series Statement: China Academic Library
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Hu, Shi, 1891 - 1962 English writings of Hu Shih ; 1: Literature and society
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; History ; Philosophy
    Abstract: Hu Shih (1891-1962), Chinese philosopher, historian and diplomat. In the 1910s, Hu studied at Cornell University and later Columbia University, both in the United States. At Columbia, he was greatly influenced by his professor, John Dewey, and became a lifelong advocate of pragmatic evolutionary change. He received his Ph.D. in Philosophy in 1917 and returned to lecture at Peking University. Hu soon became one of the leading and most influential intellectuals during the May Fourth Movement and later the New Culture Movement. His most widely recognized achievement during this period was as a key contributor to Chinese liberalism and language reform in his advocacy for the use of written vernacular Chinese. Hu Shih was the Republic of China’s Ambassador to the United States of America (1938-1942) and later Chancellor of Peking University (1946-1948). In 1939 Hu Shih was nominated for a Nobel Prize in literature and in 1958 became president of the “Academia Sinica” in Taiwan, where he remained until his death in Nangang at the age of 71.This diverse collection brings together his English essays, speeches and academic papers, as well as book reviews, all written between 1919 and 1962. English Writings of Hu Shih represents his thinking and insights on such topics as scientific methodology, liberalism and democracy, and social problems. It can also serve as a helpful resource for those who study Hu Shih and his views on ancient and modern China
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-31184-0
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  • 59
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    The March of Time : Evolving Conceptions of Time in the Light of Scientific Discoveries (2013)
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783642353475
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 284 p. 71 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Weinert, Friedel, 1950 - The march of time
    RVK:
    CC 6320
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Science Philosophy ; Science (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Science Philosophy ; Science (General) ; Zeit ; Naturphilosophie ; Naturwissenschaften ; Zeit ; Naturphilosophie ; Naturwissenschaften
    Abstract: The aim of this interdisciplinary study is to reconstruct the evolution of our changing conceptions of time in the light of scientific discoveries. It will adopt a new perspective and organize the material around three central themes, which run through our history of time reckoning: cosmology and regularity; stasis and flux; symmetry and asymmetry. It is the physical criteria that humans choose - relativistic effects and time-symmetric equations or dynamic-kinematic effects and asymmetric conditions - that establish our views on the nature of time. This book will defend a dynamic rather than a static view of time
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Evolving Conceptions of Time in the Light of Scientific Discoveries -- Introduction -- 2 Time and Cosmology -- Greek Astronomy -- Plato and Aristotle -- The Need for Physical Time -- Kant’s Cosmology -- Time and Causality -- The Topology of Time -- The Metric of Time -- Some Advances in the Theory of Time in Classical Physics -- Time in Modern Physics -- The Measurement of Time in Quantum Mechanics -- Why Measurement? -- On Permissible Inferences from Scientific Theories -- 3 Flux and Stasis.-Parmenidean Stasis and Heraclitean Flux -- Idealism About Time -- Realism About Time -- Relationism About Time -- The Theory of Relativity and the Block Universe -- Minkowski Spacetime and the Block Universe -- An Alternative Representation of Minkowski Space-Time -- Space-Time and Invariance -- The General Theory of Relativity -- Substantivalism and Relationism About Space-Time --  4 Symmetry and Asymmetry -- Fundamental Equations and Human Experience -- Entropy and Order -- Reversibility and Irreversibility -- The Role of Boundary Conditions -- The Emergence of Time -- Time in Basic Quantum Mechanics -- Time Travel Scenarios -- 5 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-35347-5
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  • 60
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    Philosophy and Cognitive Science : Western & Eastern Studies (2012)
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    Details
    ISBN: 9783642299285
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 290 p. 11 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics 2
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Philosophy and cognitive science
    RVK:
    CC 1100
    RVK:
    CC 4400
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Artificial intelligence ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Artificial intelligence ; Konferenzschrift 2011 ; Kognition ; Modell ; Philosophie ; Philosophie ; Kognitionswissenschaft ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Modellierung ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Kognitionswissenschaft ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Kognitionswissenschaft
    Abstract: The book addresses a number of recent topics at the crossroad of philosophy and cognitive science, taking advantage of both the western and the eastern perspectives and conceptions that emerged and were discussed at the PCS2011 Conference recently held in Guangzhou. The ever growing cultural exchange between academics and intellectual belonging to different cultures is reverberated by the juxtaposition of papers, which aim at investigating new facets of crucial problems in philosophy: the role of models in science and the fictional approach; chance seeking dynamics and how affordances work; abductive cognition; visualization in science; the cognitive structure of scientific theories; scientific representation; mathematical representation in science; model-based reasoning; analogical reasoning; moral cognition; cognitive niches and evolution.
    Description / Table of Contents: Title Page; Preface; Contents; Scientific Models Are Not Fictions; Introduction; Models Are Not Fictions. The Inconsistency of the Argument of Imperfect Fit; Models Are Distributed and Never Abstracts: Model-Based Science as Epistemic Warfare; Perception-Action Common Coding as an Example of "On-Line" Manipulative Abduction; Fictions or Epistemic Weapons?; Are the In-Vitro Model or a Geometrical Diagram Fictions? Dynamic vs. Static View of Scientific Models; Confounding Static and Dynamic Aspects of the Scientific Enterprise; Resemblance and Feyerabend's Counterinduction
    Description / Table of Contents: Galileo's Modeling VindicatedConclusion; References; An Examination of the Thesis of Models as Representations; Introduction; Models as Instantiations vs. Representations; The Problems for the Structural View of Models; Other Approaches; Mental Models and the Elements of Modeling; Conclusion; References; On Animal Cognition: Before andAfter the Beast-Machine Controversy; Introduction; Between Avicenna and Peirce-Magnani: Estimation and Abduction in Animal; Avicenna's Sheep and Wolf; Peirce's and Magnani's Poor Chicken; The Analogy between Abduction and Estimation
    Description / Table of Contents: The Beast-Machine ControversyCartesian Denial of Animal Soul; Aristotelians' Attack against the Animal Automatism; Empiricists' Double Strategy; Instinct or Intelligence: A False Dilemma; References; From Mindless Modeling to Scientific Models; Introduction; Models without Modelers?; Embodied Models of Agency Recognition: An Eco-Cognitive Necessity; Emerging Animal Models as Abductive Representations; Emerging Models: Useful Instruments or Fictions?; Camouflage as the Strategic Use of Models in Nature; The Naturalness of Scientific Models
    Description / Table of Contents: All Human Knowledge Is a (Sometimes) Virtuous Distortion (and a Model Too)Both Emerging Models and Scientific Models Prepare for Mathematical Abstraction; From Emerging Models to Scientific Models; Conclusion; References; The Greenhouse Metaphor and the Greenhouse Effect: A Case Study of a Flawed AnalogousModel; The Roles of Metaphors; The Greenhouse Metaphor; The Nature of Heat; The Role of the Ocean; The Illusion to Instant Responses; The Need for a Conceptual Change; References; A Study of Model and Representation Based on a Duhemian Thesis; The Thesis of Duhem; Methods Rather Than Minds
    Description / Table of Contents: Models and RepresentationModels and Structure; Models and Fiction; Conclusion; References; From the Received View to the Model-Theoretic Approach; To Give Up the Received View; The Model-Theoretic View of the Structure of Scientific Theories; F. Suppe's and C. Van Fraasen's State-Space Model; Suppes' Semantic Model by Using Set Theory; The Model-Theoretic Approach of the Sneedean School in Philosophy of Science; Conclusion; References; Cognitive Chance Discovery: From Abduction to Affordance; Introduction; Abduction; Incomplete Knowledge Reasoning -Abduction and Induction; Abductive Discovery
    Description / Table of Contents: Computational Abduction
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-29928-5
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